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Aira T, Kokko SP, Heinonen OJ, Korpelainen R, Kotkajuuri J, Parkkari J, Savonen K, Toivo K, Uusitalo A, Valtonen M, Villberg J, Niemelä O, Vähä-Ypyä H, Vasankari T. Longitudinal physical activity patterns and the development of cardiometabolic risk factors during adolescence. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2023; 33:1807-1820. [PMID: 37254479 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the associations between longitudinal physical activity (PA) patterns and the development of cardiometabolic risk factors from adolescence to young adulthood. METHODS This cohort study encompassed 250 participants recruited from sports clubs and schools, and examined at mean age 15 and 19. Device-measured moderate-to-vigorous PA was grouped into five patterns (via a data-driven method, using inactivity maintainers as a reference). The outcomes were: glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), total cholesterol, HDL and LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, blood pressure, and body mass index (BMI). Linear growth curve models were applied with adjustment for sex, age, fruit/vegetable consumption, cigarette/snuff use, and change in the device wear-time. RESULTS Insulin and BMI increased among decreasers from moderate to low PA (β for insulin 0.23, 95% CI 0.03-0.46; β for BMI 0.90; CI 0.02-1.78). The concentration of HDL cholesterol decreased (β -0.18, CI -0.31 to -0.05) and that of glucose increased (β 0.18, CI 0.02-0.35) among decreasers from high to moderate PA. By contrast, among increasers, blood pressure declined (systolic β -6.43, CI -12.16 to -0.70; diastolic β -6.72, CI -11.03 to -2.41). CONCLUSIONS Already during the transition to young adulthood, changes in PA are associated with changes in cardiometabolic risk factors. Favorable blood pressure changes were found among PA increasers. Unfavorable changes in BMI, insulin, glucose, and HDL cholesterol were found in groups with decreasing PA. The changes were dependent on the baseline PA and the magnitude of the PA decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuula Aira
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Research Centre for Health Promotion, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Sami Petteri Kokko
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Research Centre for Health Promotion, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Olli Juhani Heinonen
- Paavo Nurmi Centre & Unit for Health and Physical Activity, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Raija Korpelainen
- Medical Research Center (MRC), University of Oulu and University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr., Oulu, Finland
- Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jimi Kotkajuuri
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jari Parkkari
- Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Kai Savonen
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kerttu Toivo
- Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, Tampere, Finland
| | - Arja Uusitalo
- Clinic for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Foundation for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maarit Valtonen
- Research Institute for Olympic Sports, Jyväskylä Finland, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jari Villberg
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Research Centre for Health Promotion, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Onni Niemelä
- Medical Research Unit and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seinäjoki Central Hospital and University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Henri Vähä-Ypyä
- UKK Institute of Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
| | - Tommi Vasankari
- UKK Institute of Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
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Oh M, Jacobs DR, Gabriel KP, Bao W, Pierce GL, Carr LJ, Terry JG, Ding J, Carr JJ, Whitaker KM. Ten-Year Changes in Television Viewing and Physical Activity Are Associated With Concurrent 10-Year Change in Pericardial Adiposity: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study. J Phys Act Health 2022; 19:531-539. [PMID: 35894964 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2021-0726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Longitudinal association of television (TV) viewing and moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) with pericardial adipose tissue (PAT) is unclear. METHODS We studied Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study participants transitioning from early to middle age at Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) exam years 15 (2000-2001; N = 1975, mean age = 40.4, 55.4% women, 45.3% Black) and 25 (2010-2011). TV viewing (in hours per day) and MVPA (in exercise units) were measured using a self-report questionnaire. PAT volume (in milliliters) was measured using computed tomography. Multivariable linear regression was used to examine the associations of tertiles of 10-year change (years 25-15) in TV viewing and MVPA with a concurrent change in PAT with adjustments for covariates. RESULTS Participants in the highest tertile of 10-year increase in TV viewing had a greater increase in PAT (β = 2.96 mL, P < .01). Participants in both middle (β = -3.93 mL, P < .01) and highest (β = -6.22 mL, P < .01) tertiles of 10-year changes in MVPA had smaller mean increases in PAT over 10 years when compared with the lowest tertile in fully adjusted models. CONCLUSIONS Reducing or maintaining early-midlife levels of TV viewing and increasing MVPA may be associated with less PAT accumulation with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minsuk Oh
- Department of Public Health, Baylor University, Waco, TX,USA
| | - David R Jacobs
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN,USA
| | | | - Wei Bao
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, AH,China
| | - Gary L Pierce
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA,USA
| | - Lucas J Carr
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA,USA
| | - James G Terry
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN,USA
| | - Jingzhong Ding
- Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC,USA
| | - John J Carr
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN,USA
| | - Kara M Whitaker
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA,USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA,USA
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Kwon S, Menezes AMB, Ekelund U, Wehrmeister FC, Gonçalves H, da Silva BGC, Janz KF. Longitudinal change in physical activity and adiposity in the transition from adolescence to early adulthood: the 1993 Pelotas cohort study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2022; 19:83. [PMID: 35836186 PMCID: PMC9284823 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-022-01321-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the current Physical Activity Guidelines (PAG) for moderate- and vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA), abrupt transition from ≥ 60 min/day [youth PAG] to ≥ 150 min/week (≥ 22 min/day on average) [adult PAG] during emerging adulthood is poorly justified. The aim of this study was to examine body fat mass changes according to whether meeting the youth and adult PAGs in late adolescence (age 18 years) to early adulthood (age 22 years). Methods The study sample included 2,099 participants (1,113 females) from the 1993 Pelotas (Brazil) Study. At ages 18 and 22 years, MVPA was measured using wrist-worn accelerometry and fat mass was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. MVPA at age 18 was categorized into two groups: 0–59 or ≥ 60 min/day (no [N] or yes [Y] for meeting the youth recommendation, respectively). MVPA at age 22 was categorized into three groups: 0–21, 22–59, or ≥ 60 min/day (N, Y22, or Y60 for not meeting the adult recommendation, meeting the adult recommendation, or meeting the youth recommendation, respectively). The combination of these groups created six MVPA groups (N&N, N&Y22, N&Y60, Y&N, Y&Y22, and Y&Y60). Sex-specific multivariable linear regression analyses were conducted to estimate change in fat mass index (FMI) from age 18 to 22 years in the six MVPA groups. Results Among males, compared to Y&Y60 (FMI increase = 1.2 kg/m2 [95% CI = 1.0, 1.4]), Y&Y22 and Y&N had larger FMI increases (1.9 [1.6, 2.1] and 1.9 [1.2, 2.5], respectively). Among females, Y&Y60 and Y&Y22 had an equal FMI increase (1.6 [1.4, 1.9] for both groups), while Y&N had a larger FMI increase (2.4 [1.8, 3.0]). Conclusions These findings suggest that among those who were active in late adolescence, engaging in ≥ 22 min/day of MVPA in adulthood is associated with lower body fat gain for females, but not for males. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12966-022-01321-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyang Kwon
- Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, 225 E Chicago Ave. Box 157, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
| | - Ana M B Menezes
- Post-Graduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, R Marechal Deodoro, 1160 - 3rd floor,, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96020-220, Brazil
| | - Ulf Ekelund
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Chronic Diseases, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Postboks 4014 Ulleål Stadion, 0806, Oslo, Norway.,Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Fernando C Wehrmeister
- Post-Graduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, R Marechal Deodoro, 1160 - 3rd floor,, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96020-220, Brazil
| | - Helen Gonçalves
- Post-Graduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, R Marechal Deodoro, 1160 - 3rd floor,, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96020-220, Brazil
| | - Bruna Gonçalves C da Silva
- Post-Graduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, R Marechal Deodoro, 1160 - 3rd floor,, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96020-220, Brazil
| | - Kathleen F Janz
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, University of Iowa, 102 E FH, Iowa City, 52242, USA
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McDermott G, Brick NE, Shannon S, Fitzpatrick B, Taggart L. Barriers and facilitators of physical activity in adolescents with intellectual disabilities: An analysis informed by the COM-B model. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2022; 35:800-825. [PMID: 35229409 PMCID: PMC9305883 DOI: 10.1111/jar.12985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Adolescents with intellectual disabilities are insufficiently physically active. Where interventions have been developed and delivered, these have had limited effectiveness, and often lack a theoretical underpinning. Aim Through application of the COM‐B model, our aim is to explore the factors influencing adolescent physical activity within schools. Methods A qualitative methodology, using focus groups with students who have mild/moderate intellectual disabilities, their parents'/carers' and teachers'. The COM‐B model provided the lens through which the data were collected and analysed. Results We identified of a range of individual, interpersonal, and environmental factors influencing physical activity, across all six COM‐B constructs, within the context of the ‘school‐system’. Conclusion This is the first study to use the COM‐B model to explore school‐based physical activity behaviour, for adolescents with intellectual disabilities. Identification of such physical activity behavioural determinants can support the development of effective and sustainable interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary McDermott
- School of Sport, Ulster University, Magee Campus, Derry, UK
| | - Noel E Brick
- School of Psychology, Ulster University, Coleraine Campus, Coleraine, UK
| | - Stephen Shannon
- School of Sport, Ulster University, Magee Campus, Derry, UK.,Bamford Centre for Mental Health and Well-being Ulster University, Magee Campus, Derry, UK
| | | | - Laurence Taggart
- School of Nursing, Ulster University, Jordanstown Campus, Jordanstown, UK
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Failure to Launch: Predictors of Unfavourable Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour Trajectories from Childhood to Adolescence: The Gateshead Millennium Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182413283. [PMID: 34948891 PMCID: PMC8701380 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In a previous study based on this cohort, only 15% of the participants belonged to a favourable physical activity/sedentary behaviour trajectory group (characterised by relatively high moderate–vigorous intensity physical activity and relatively low sedentary behaviour across childhood and adolescence). Since this favourable trajectory is protective against obesity, we aimed to identify factors associated with membership of this group. In this longitudinal study, 671 participants were assessed at ages 7, 9, 12 and 15 years. Participants’ demographics, socio-economic status (SES) and physical activity environment such as, sports club participation and commuting school were assessed at ages 7, 9 and 12 and analysed with favourable trajectory membership as an outcome using multinomial logistic regression. Sex (male) and SES (higher) were the non-modifiable factors associated with favourable trajectory group. Of the modifiable factors, commuting to school at age 7, a safe environment to play at age 7 and sports club participation at age 12 were all associated with more than 2.0 times increased probability of being in the most favourable trajectory. Future interventions to promote a favourable trajectory could focus on girls and participants with low SES. Promoting active commuting, safe local spaces to play and sports participation should also help lead to a favourable trajectory for physical activity and sedentary behaviour across childhood and adolescence.
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Farooq A, Basterfield L, Adamson AJ, Pearce MS, Hughes AR, Janssen X, Wilson MG, Reilly JJ. Moderate-To-Vigorous Intensity Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour across Childhood and Adolescence, and Their Combined Relationship with Obesity Risk: A Multi-Trajectory Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:7421. [PMID: 34299872 PMCID: PMC8305282 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The combined role of objectively assessed moderate-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) is unclear in obesity prevention. This study aimed to identify latent groups for MVPA and SB trajectories from childhood to adolescence and examine their relationship with obesity risk at adolescence. From the Gateshead Millennium Study, accelerometer-based trajectories of time spent in MVPA and SB at ages 7, 9, 12, and 15 were derived as assigned as the predictor variable. Fat mass index (FMI), using bioelectrical impedance at age 15, was the outcome variable. From 672 children recruited, we identified three distinct multiple trajectory groups for time spent in MVPA and SB. The group with majority membership (54% of the cohort) had high MVPA and low SB at childhood, but MVPA declined and SB increased by age 15. One third of the cohort (31%) belonged to the trajectory with low MVPA and high time spent sedentary throughout. The third trajectory group (15% of the cohort) that had relatively high MVPA and relatively low SB throughout had lower FMI (-1.7, 95% CI (-3.4 to -1.0) kg/m2, p = 0.034) at age 15 compared to the inactive throughout group. High MVPA and low SB trajectories when combined are protective against obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz Farooq
- Physical Activity for Health Group, School of Psychological Sciences & Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1QE, UK; (A.R.H.); (X.J.); (J.J.R.)
- Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha 29992, Qatar
| | - Laura Basterfield
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle NE2 4AX, UK; (L.B.); (A.J.A.); (M.S.P.)
| | - Ashley J. Adamson
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle NE2 4AX, UK; (L.B.); (A.J.A.); (M.S.P.)
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Newcastle University, Newcastle NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Mark S. Pearce
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle NE2 4AX, UK; (L.B.); (A.J.A.); (M.S.P.)
| | - Adrienne R. Hughes
- Physical Activity for Health Group, School of Psychological Sciences & Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1QE, UK; (A.R.H.); (X.J.); (J.J.R.)
| | - Xanne Janssen
- Physical Activity for Health Group, School of Psychological Sciences & Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1QE, UK; (A.R.H.); (X.J.); (J.J.R.)
| | - Mathew G. Wilson
- Institute for Sport Exercise and Health (ISEH), University College London, London W1T 7HA, UK;
| | - John J. Reilly
- Physical Activity for Health Group, School of Psychological Sciences & Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1QE, UK; (A.R.H.); (X.J.); (J.J.R.)
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