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Bradley RS, Staples GL, Quetsch LB, Aloia LS, Brown CE, Kanne SM. Associations Between Parenting Stress and Quality Time in Families of Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Autism Dev Disord 2024; 54:829-840. [PMID: 36626008 PMCID: PMC9830131 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-022-05852-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Increased stress among parents of youth with ASD has been well-documented. However, research on aspects of the parent-child relationship and subsequent links to parenting stress is limited. We assessed parents (N = 511) of youth with ASD to examine relations between parenting stress and parent-child quality time (amount of quality time, shared enjoyment, synchronicity). Elevated parenting stress was associated with less time spent engaging with youth in shared activities and decreased parent and child enjoyment during shared interactions. Parents with elevated stress reported engaging in shared activities and experiencing synchronicity with their child less often than parents below the clinical threshold. Future research should emphasize longitudinal efforts examining the directionality of this relationship to better inform family-focused intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca S Bradley
- University of Arkansas, 316B Memorial Hall, 72701, Fayetteville, AR, USA.
| | - Grace L Staples
- University of Arkansas, 316B Memorial Hall, 72701, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Lauren B Quetsch
- University of Arkansas, 316B Memorial Hall, 72701, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Lindsey S Aloia
- University of Arkansas, 316B Memorial Hall, 72701, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Cynthia E Brown
- Pacific University, College Way, 97116, Forest Grove, OR, USA
| | - Stephen M Kanne
- Center for Autism and the Developing Brain, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
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Murray RM, Doré I, Sabiston CM, Michael F, O'Loughlin JL. A time compositional analysis of the association between movement behaviors and indicators of mental health in young adults. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2023; 33:2598-2607. [PMID: 37635273 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Movement behaviors (i.e., physical activity [PA], sedentary behaviors [SB], sleep) relate to mental health. Although movement behaviors are often analyzed as distinct entities, they are in fact highly inter-dependent (e.g., if an individual increases sleep, then PA and/or SB must be reduced) and these dependencies should be accounted for in the analysis. We tested whether perceptions of time spent in movement behaviors (i.e., moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA [MVPA], light physical activity [LPA], SB, and sleep) related to depressive symptoms and self-report mental health in young adults using a compositional analysis. We then estimated change in depressive symptoms with reallocation of time across movement behaviors using compositional time-reallocation models. METHODS Data were drawn from the longitudinal NDIT dataset. Complete data were available for 770 young adults (Mage = 20.3, 55% females). RESULTS The proportion of time spent in MVPA relative to other movement behaviors related to depressive symptoms non-significantly and to mental health significantly. Reallocating 15 min from MVPA to SB resulted in a significant (0.46 unit) increase in depressive symptoms, and reallocating 15 min of MVPA to LPA was associated with a (0.57) increase in depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION These results indicate the importance of relative time spent in each movement behavior to mental health. Further research should examine these associations over time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Isabelle Doré
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- CHUM Research Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Fady Michael
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jennifer L O'Loughlin
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- CHUM Research Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Angélica LH, Carlos CS, Julia Berenice RG, Silvia MV, Ramon DA, Luis DA, Reyna Lizette PD. Comparative estimates of crude coverage of the Mexican immunization program: Findings from a national survey. Vaccine X 2023; 15:100364. [PMID: 37601323 PMCID: PMC10436168 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2023.100364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the study is to provide estimates for immunization coverage, considering single-dose and schemes (three or five vaccines), by comparing self-report method to immunization cards, while also assessing the timeliness of immunization in Mexico, with reference to Mexican Immunization Program guidelines. Data on immunization was obtained from the Mexican Immunization Survey conducted in 2017 that aimed to assess crude (card-based) coverage at the regional level. Timely immunization was defined with reference to National Immunization Program guidelines, and immunization coverage was defined as a three or five vaccine scheme, based on previous national reports of immunization coverage. Immunization coverage estimates account for sample weights from the complex survey design. We used weighted immunization coverage estimates to assess the extent to which immunization cards and self-reporting concurred. It was found that most Mexican children are not receiving their full vaccine schedule in a timely manner. Concerning children under twelve months of age, the coverage targets for National Immunization of 95 % was not reached for either vaccine, and only 2.94 % (95 % CI 0.92-9.01) who had been receiving a three-vaccine scheme were considered as fully immunized in a timely manner. In contrast, coverage increased to 33.94 % (95 % CI 26.99-41.66), when untimely immunizations were taken into account, and the 95 % target was reached for five vaccines. Likewise, there is little correlation between self-report and immunization cards but rates show more concurrence, when only considering the proportion of true positives. In conclusion it was find that children at a local level are vaccinated in an incomplete and untimely manner. In order to improve immunization systems, a nominal registry of administered doses is thus of paramount importance. There is a need to address underlying health inequalities, as well as the factors associated with these, resulting in improved chances of a disease-free childhood and healthy life.
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Affiliation(s)
- López-Hernández Angélica
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Castillo-Salgado Carlos
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ramírez-González Julia Berenice
- Policy, Population and Health Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
- Public Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Durazo-Arvizu Ramon
- The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Duran-Arenas Luis
- Public Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Pacheco-Domínguez Reyna Lizette
- Policy, Population and Health Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
- Public Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
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Gillis BT, McWood LM, Brigham EF, Hinnant JB, El-Sheikh M. Family income as a moderator of relations between sleep and physical health during adolescence. Sleep Health 2023; 9:868-875. [PMID: 37914634 PMCID: PMC10841177 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2023.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sleep duration, quality, and consistency are associated with overall physical health in adolescence, yet the effects of sleep on development may be not uniform because both sleep and physical health vary systematically along gradients of family income. To understand "for whom" sleep may be particularly beneficial, the present study tested family income as a moderator of relations between youth sleep and physical health. METHODS Three hundred twenty-three youth (M age=17.39years; 53% female; 41% Black, 59% White) wore wrist actigraphs for 1week at home. Four well-recognized sleep parameters were derived: minutes, efficiency, long wake episodes, and variability in minutes across the week. Parents reported family income, and mothers rated adolescents' physical health. In independent path models, physical health was regressed onto each indicator of sleep, family income, and Sleep × Family Income interactions to test potential moderation effects. RESULTS Associations between sleep and physical health were moderated by family income. Lower sleep efficiency, more long wake episodes, and more variability in sleep minutes were associated with poorer physical health among adolescents from lower-income families. At optimal levels of all sleep variables, income-based differences in physical health were mitigated. Youth from higher-income families tended to have better physical health regardless of their sleep. CONCLUSIONS Findings build evidence that sleep has relations with physical health for low-income youth in particular. Clinicians and other service providers working with youth might benefit from considering the role of sleep in prevention and interventions programs geared toward improving health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian T Gillis
- Department of Human Development & Family Science, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Leanna M McWood
- Department of Human Development & Family Science, North Dakota Stata University, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
| | - Emily F Brigham
- Department of Human Development & Family Science, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - J Benjamin Hinnant
- Department of Human Development & Family Science, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Mona El-Sheikh
- Department of Human Development & Family Science, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA.
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Zakershahrak M, Brennan D. Effect of personality traits on socioeconomic inequalities in health, a population-based study. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2023; 51:1009-1016. [PMID: 36416269 PMCID: PMC10946537 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to estimate the effects of positive personality traits (PTs) in income and self-rated dental and general health (SRDH and SRGH) associations in a large South Australian sample. METHODS Cross-sectional analyses were conducted using self-reported data collected from 3578 adults (2015-2016). Multivariable regression models assessed the main effects and interactions of the Ten-Item Personality Inventory (TIPI) and income with SRDH and SRGH. Prevalence ratios (PR) of poor health ratings were estimated using Poisson regression. RESULTS Among all respondents, high-income individuals with stronger Conscientiousness scores had the lowest prevalence of poor SRGH (0.8%), while those with stronger Extraversion (2.9%) and Agreeableness scores (3.4%) had the lowest prevalence of poor SRDH. Poor SRGH was related to weak Conscientiousness (PR = 6.9, 95% CI [2.3-20.8]) and Emotional Stability scores (PR = 6.0, 95% CI [2.0-18.3]), while poor SRDH was associated with weak Extraversion (PR = 2.3, 95% CI [1.2-4.5]), Agreeableness (PR = 1.8, 95% CI [1.0-3.2]) and Conscientiousness scores (PR = 2.1, 95% CI [1.1-4.0]). Among low-income people, poor health ratings were less prevalent in those with stronger positive PTs scores versus weaker scores. Among low-income respondents, poor SRGH was lower in individuals with stronger versus weaker Conscientiousness scores (10.9% vs 16.2%), and poor SRDH showed lower prevalence in participants with stronger versus weaker Agreeableness scores (18.1% vs 22.6%). CONCLUSION Findings showed the association between PTs and the prevalence of poor SRDH and SRGH. Stronger positive PTs modified the self-rated health inequalities associated with low income in a representative sample of the South Australian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrsa Zakershahrak
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental SchoolThe University of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - David Brennan
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental SchoolThe University of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
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Pearson J, Ganz O, Ohman-Strickland P, Wackowski OA. Shifts in preference for Natural American Spirit and associated belief that one's own cigarette brand might be less harmful than other brands: results from Waves 1-4 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study (2013-2018). Tob Control 2023; 32:567-574. [PMID: 34952863 PMCID: PMC9290335 DOI: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2021-056985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION People believe that cigarettes using 'organic,' 'additive-free' or similar descriptors are less harmful than other cigarettes. Natural American Spirit (NAS) is the most popular US cigarette brand using these descriptors. This cohort study describes changes in US smokers' odds of preferring NAS and changes in NAS smokers' odds of believing their brand might be less harmful than other brands. METHODS Data come from four waves (2013-2018) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study. Generalised estimating equations produced population-averaged estimates of relationships between (1) NAS brand preference and wave and (2) belief that one's own brand might be less harmful than other brands, wave and NAS brand preference. Models tested interactions by age group and sexual minority status. RESULTS The odds that smokers preferred NAS increased by 60% in W4 relative to W1. Disproportionate preference by younger adult and sexual minority smokers was observed. The odds that NAS smokers believed their own brand might be less harmful decreased by 50% between W1 and W4, but this perception was still 16 times higher for NAS compared with non-NAS smokers. Given the increasing preference for NAS, there was no significant change in the absolute number of NAS smokers who believed their own brand might be less harmful (W1: 562 122 (95% CI 435 190 to 689 055) vs W4: 580 378 (95% CI 441 069 to 719 689)). CONCLUSIONS Both brand popularity and concentration of brand-related harm perceptions are important for understanding population impact of changes in cigarette marketing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Pearson
- Division of Social and Behavioral Health/Health Administration and Policy, School of Public Health, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, Nevada, USA
- Department of Health, Behavior, and Society, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ollie Ganz
- Rutgers Center for Tobacco Studies, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Rutgers The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
- Department of Health Behavior, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Pamela Ohman-Strickland
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Olivia A Wackowski
- Rutgers Center for Tobacco Studies, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Rutgers The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
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Godoy-Izquierdo D, Lara-Moreno R, Ogallar-Blanco A, González J, de Teresa C, Mendoza N. The AHAWOMEN project: study protocol of a multi-design research for exploring HAPA predictors of exercise in postmenopausal women. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:204. [PMID: 37438855 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01245-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The postmenopausal period can represent an opportunity for women to improve their health and well-being. The Active and Healthy Ageing in Women during early postmenopause (AHAWOMEN) study aims to identify the key determinants of an active lifestyle among middle-aged women, with a focus on the stages and the social-cognitive variables outlined in the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) model, a theoretical framework for understanding health behaviour change. We expected that HAPA factors and processes of intention creation (motivational phase) and action adoption (volitional phase) will be significant predictors of exercise initiation and maintenance, supporting both the HAPA tenets and the efficacy of HAPA-based interventions. METHODS/DESIGN This study was approved by the authors' Institutional Review Committee. Postmenopausal women aged between 45 and 65 years will voluntarily participate. The participants will be allocated to one of three groups: Intervention-Initiators (n = 100, random allocation), Control-Sedentary (n = 100, random allocation) or Control-Active (n = 100, non-random allocation). The intervention group will engage in a supervised exercise programme lasting at least 3 months, supplemented with a HAPA-based intervention for behaviour change. The sedentary control group will not receive any intervention to change their physical activity, while the active control group will consist of women who are already regularly adhering to an active lifestyle. Study variables will be measured at baseline and postintervention phases, as well as at 1, 3, 6 and 12-month follow-ups. The predictors of exercise behaviour in the different phases of the behavioural change process will be explored and compared within and between groups throughout the study. These analyses will help identify the factors that determine the adoption of a healthy active behaviour. Additionally, the effectiveness of the model and the intervention for changing active behaviour will be evaluated. DISCUSSION This paper describes the rationale, development and methods used in the AHAWOMEN project. Supporting women who intend to become active can help them to translate their goals into sustainable action. Verifying that the HAPA predictions are applicable to postmenopausal women's adoption of exercise would provide the basis for designing effective interventions for promoting healthy and active ageing that are also tailored to the experiences of middle-aged women. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN16251361. Registration date: 01/06/2023 (retrospectively registered).
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Godoy-Izquierdo
- Grupo de Investigación Psicología de la Salud y Medicina Conductual (CTS-267), Centro de Investigación Mente, Cerebro y Comportamiento CIMCYC, Universidad de Granada, Campus Universitario de Cartuja s/n, Granada, 18071, Spain.
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Estudios de las Mujeres y de Género, Universidad de Granada, Rector López Argueta s/n, Granada, 18071, Spain.
- Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológico, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Granada, Campus Universitario de Cartuja s/n, Granada, 18071, Spain.
| | - Raquel Lara-Moreno
- Grupo de Investigación Psicología de la Salud y Medicina Conductual (CTS-267), Centro de Investigación Mente, Cerebro y Comportamiento CIMCYC, Universidad de Granada, Campus Universitario de Cartuja s/n, Granada, 18071, Spain
- Departamento de Psicología Social, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Granada, Campus Universitario de Cartuja s/n, Granada, 18071, Spain
| | - Adelaida Ogallar-Blanco
- Grupo de Investigación Psicología de la Salud y Medicina Conductual (CTS-267), Centro de Investigación Mente, Cerebro y Comportamiento CIMCYC, Universidad de Granada, Campus Universitario de Cartuja s/n, Granada, 18071, Spain
- Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológico, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Granada, Campus Universitario de Cartuja s/n, Granada, 18071, Spain
| | - Juan González
- Grupo de Investigación Psicología de la Salud y Medicina Conductual (CTS-267), Centro de Investigación Mente, Cerebro y Comportamiento CIMCYC, Universidad de Granada, Campus Universitario de Cartuja s/n, Granada, 18071, Spain
- Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológico, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Granada, Campus Universitario de Cartuja s/n, Granada, 18071, Spain
| | - Carlos de Teresa
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, Avda. de la Investigación 11, Granada, 18071, Spain
- Centro Andaluz de Medicina del Deporte, Junta de Andalucía, Edificio IMUDS. PT Ciencias de la Salud. Avda. del Conocimiento s/n, 18007, Granada, Spain
| | - Nicolás Mendoza
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, Avda. de la Investigación 11, Granada, 18071, Spain
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Hume CH, Mitra B, Wright BJ, Kinsella GJ. Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and Functional Outcome in Older Adults: Pain Interference But Not Cognition Mediates the Relationship Between Traumatic Injury and Functional Difficulties. J Head Trauma Rehabil 2023; 38:E278-E288. [PMID: 36602271 DOI: 10.1097/htr.0000000000000846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine functional status of older people 3 months after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and identify whether pain interference or cognition mediates any relationship found between injury status and functional outcomes. SETTING Patients admitted to a Melbourne-based emergency department. PARTICIPANTS Older adults 65 years and older: 40 with mTBI, 66 with orthopedic injury without mTBI (TC), and 47 healthy controls (CC) without injury. DESIGN Observational cohort study. MAIN MEASURES Functional outcome was measured using the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0) and single- and dual-task conditions of the Timed-Up-and-Go task. Pain interference and cognitive performance at 3 months post-injury were examined as mediators of the relationship between injury status (injured vs noninjured) and functional outcome. RESULTS Patients with mTBI and/or orthopedic injury reported greater difficulties in overall functioning, including community participation, compared with noninjured older people (CC group). Both trauma groups walked slower than the CC group on the mobility task, but all groups were similar on the dual-task condition. Pain interference mediated the relationship between injury status and overall functioning [ b = 0.284; 95% CI = 0.057, 0.536), community participation ( b = 0.259; 95% CI = 0.051, 0.485), and mobility ( b = 0.116; 95% CI = 0.019, 0.247). However, cognition did not mediate the relationship between injury status and functional outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Three months after mild traumatic injury (with and without mTBI), patients 65 years and older had greater functional difficulties compared with noninjured peers. Pain interference, but not cognition, partially explained the impact of traumatic injury on functional outcomes. This highlights the importance of reducing pain interference for older patients after injury (including mTBI) to support better functional recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla H Hume
- Melbourne Campus, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia (Ms Hume); Emergency and Trauma Centre, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia, and School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia, and National Trauma Research Institute, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia (Dr Mitra); and School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia (Ms Hume and Drs Wright and Kinsella)
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Sagherian K, Cho H, Steege LM. The State of Rest Break Practices Among 12-Hour Shift Hospital Nurses in the United States. J Nurs Adm 2023; 53:277-283. [PMID: 37098868 DOI: 10.1097/nna.0000000000001283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the characteristics, content, and context of rest breaks taken by hospital nurses. BACKGROUND Nurses often miss, skip, or take interrupted breaks. To improve the quality of breaks and promote within-shift recovery, it is important to understand current rest break practices including break activities and contextual challenges around them. METHODS Survey data from 806 nurses were collected between October and November 2021. RESULTS Most nurses did not take regular breaks. Rest breaks were often interrupted, spent being worried about work, and rarely resulted in a relaxed state. Common break activities were having a meal or a snack, and browsing the Internet. Regardless of workload, nurses considered patient acuity, staffing, and unfinished nursing tasks when deciding to take breaks. CONCLUSION Rest break practices are of poor quality. Nurses mainly consider workload-related factors when taking breaks, which warrants the attention of nursing administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Knar Sagherian
- Author Affiliations: Assistant Professor (Dr Sagherian), College of Nursing, The University of Tennessee Knoxville; Part-time Lecturer (Dr Cho), College of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea; and Professor (Dr Steege), School of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Madison
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Song MK, Paul S, Happ MB, Lea J, Pirkle JL, Turberville-Trujillo L. Informal Caregiving Networks of Older Adults With Dementia Superimposed on Multimorbidity: A Social Network Analysis Study. Innov Aging 2023; 7:igad033. [PMID: 37197444 PMCID: PMC10184695 DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igad033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Caregiving is a social process and commonly involves more than a single caregiver, especially for older adults with multimorbidity, including dementia. This study was to characterize informal caregiving networks of older adults with dementia superimposed on multimorbidity (e.g., end-stage kidney disease) and to examine the relationships of network properties to outcomes of caregivers and older adults. Research Design and Methods An egocentric social network survey was conducted. Up to 3 family caregivers of older adults on dialysis who had moderate-to-severe irreversible cognitive impairment with or without a documented diagnosis of dementia were recruited from 11 dialysis centers in 2 states. Caregivers completed a social network survey about individuals providing caregiving to the older adult and measures of caregiving burden and rewards, depression, and financial hardship. Older adults' emergency department visits and hospital admissions during the past 12 months were abstracted from the medical records. Results A total of 76 caregiver informants of 46 older adults (78% Black) participated in the study. Of the 46 older adults, 65% had a multimember network (median size of 4). As the network density (the proportion of ties between members among all possible ties) increased, primary caregivers' financial hardship decreased whereas nonprimary caregivers' financial hardship increased. Further, for every 1-unit increase in mean degree (the average number of connections among members), there was a nearly fourfold increase in the odds of no hospital admission during the prior year for the older adult. Discussion and Implications The network dynamics of informal caregiving networks may have an impact on the well-being of caregivers and older adults with dementia, but confirmatory longitudinal studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Kyung Song
- Center for Nursing Excellence in Palliative Care, Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Sudeshna Paul
- Office of Nursing Research, Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Mary Beth Happ
- Center for Healthy Aging, Self-Management, and Complex Care, College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Janice Lea
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - James L Pirkle
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Rohde G, Johannessen B, Maaseide M, Flateland S, Skisland AV, Moi EB, Haraldstad K. Being a nursing student during the coronavirus pandemic: a mixed methods study. BMC Nurs 2023; 22:60. [PMID: 36869338 PMCID: PMC9982793 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-023-01218-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic led to major changes in people's lives via protective strategies aimed at limiting the transmission of COVID-19, including social distancing, lockdowns, cancelled or limited leisure activities and tutorials and supervision for students taking place digital. All of these changes may have influenced students' health and quality of life. AIM To describe and explore fear of COVID-19 and psychological distress, as well as general health and quality of life, among baccalaureate nursing students at 1 year into the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD We used a mixed method study design, including quantitative data from University of Agder, data that was a part of a national survey of baccalaureate nursing students nearly one year into the pandemic. All the nursing students at the university were invited to take part between 27 January and 28 February 2021. The quantitative survey included 396 (out of total 858) baccalaureate nursing students (response rate: 46%). The quantitative data were collected using well-validated measures of fear of COVID-19, psychological distress, general health and quality of life, and the data were analysed using the ANOVA-tests for continuous data and chi-square tests for categorical data. Qualitative data were gathered from focus group interviews from the same university two-three months later. Five focus group interviews were conducted with a total of 23 students (7 men, 16 women). The qualitative data were analysed using systematic text condensation. RESULTS The mean score (standard deviation [SD]) for fear of COVID-19 was 2.32 (0.71), for psychological distress was 1.53 (1.00), for general health was 3.51 (0.96) and for overall quality of life was 6.01 (2.06). In the qualitative data, we identified the overarching theme effect of COVID-19 on students' quality of life and the three main themes; importance of personal relations, physical health challenges and mental health challenges. CONCLUSION The COVID-19 pandemic influenced negatively nursing students' quality of life and physical and mental health, and they often felt lonely. However, most of the participants also adapted strategies and resilience factors to cope with the situation. Via the pandemic situation, the students learned additional skills and mental mindsets that may be useful in their future professional lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gudrun Rohde
- Department of Health and Nursing, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Postbox 422, 4604, Kristiansand, Norway. .,Department of Clinical Research, Sorlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway.
| | - Berit Johannessen
- grid.23048.3d0000 0004 0417 6230Department of Health and Nursing, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Postbox 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Markus Maaseide
- grid.23048.3d0000 0004 0417 6230Department of Health and Nursing, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Postbox 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Sylvi Flateland
- grid.23048.3d0000 0004 0417 6230Department of Health and Nursing, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Postbox 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Anne Valen Skisland
- grid.23048.3d0000 0004 0417 6230Department of Health and Nursing, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Postbox 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Ellen Benestad Moi
- grid.23048.3d0000 0004 0417 6230Department of Health and Nursing, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Postbox 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Kristin Haraldstad
- grid.23048.3d0000 0004 0417 6230Department of Health and Nursing, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Postbox 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway
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12
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Hansen CR, Teramoto M, Gardner J, Vaughan C. Evidence for the Validation of a Single Item Recovery Question (SIRQ) in Children With Mild and Complicated Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. Pediatr Neurol 2023; 142:16-22. [PMID: 36868053 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recovery from a brain injury occurs in varying degrees. The objective of this study was to investigate the concurrent validity of a parent-reported 10-point scale for degree of recovery, Single Item Recovery Question (SIRQ), in children with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) or complicated mTBI (C-mTBI) compared with validated assessments of symptom burden (Post-Concussion Symptom Inventory Parent form-PCSI-P) and quality of life (Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory [PedsQL]). METHODS A survey was sent to parents of children aged five to 18 years who presented to pediatric level I trauma center with mTBI or C-mTBI. Data included parent-reported postinjury recovery and functioning of children. Pearson correlation coefficients (r) were calculated to measure the associations of the SIRQ with the PCSI-P and the PedsQL. Hierarchical linear regression models were used to examine if covariates would increase the predictive value of the SIRQ to the PCSI-P and the PedsQL total scores. RESULTS Of 285 responses (175 mTBI and 110 C-mTBI) analyzed, Pearson correlation coefficients for the SIRQ to the PCSI-P (r = -0.65, P < 0.001) and PedsQL total and subscale scores were all significant (P < 0.001) with mostly large-sized effects (r ≥ 0.500), regardless of mTBI classification. Covariates, including mTBI classification, age, gender, and years since injury, resulted in minimum changes in the predictive value of the SIRQ to the PCSI-P and the PedsQL total scores. CONCLUSIONS The findings demonstrate preliminary evidence for the concurrent validity of the SIRQ in pediatric mTBI and C-mTBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colby R Hansen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.
| | - Masaru Teramoto
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - James Gardner
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
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13
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Jansen DA, Sauve JL, Aubart SM. Importance of Variety to the Lives and Wellbeing of Elders. ACTIVITIES, ADAPTATION & AGING 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/01924788.2023.2174732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Debra A. Jansen
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, USA
| | - Jennifer L. Sauve
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, USA
| | - Stacie M. Aubart
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, USA
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14
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Neidlinger SM, Felfe J, Schübbe K. Should I Stay or Should I Go (to the Office)?-Effects of Working from Home, Autonomy, and Core Self-Evaluations on Leader Health and Work-Life Balance. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:6. [PMID: 36612327 PMCID: PMC9819704 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Leaders represent a high-demand group in organizations. The effects of leaders' personal and workplace resources on their health and work-life balance have often slipped under the radar, as most studies are directed outwardly and focus on follower outcomes. With this study, we closed a gap in the research and investigated the positive effects of remote work, autonomy, and leaders' core-self evaluations (CSE) on two important leader outcomes: health and work-life balance. We hypothesized that the relationship between remote work and the outcomes would be moderated by leaders' CSE and their autonomy-in such a way that leaders with lower resources benefit more from remote work and achieve better health and work-life balance the more days they spend working from home. A sample of 367 leaders reported their frequency of working from home, their autonomy, and CSE. Their health and work-life balance were assessed five months later. Results showed a moderating effect of CSE on both outcomes, indicating that leaders with low CSE benefit more in terms of health and work-life balance. There was no moderating effect of autonomy. Leaders with high resources (autonomy and CSE) had overall higher levels of health and work-life balance regardless of work location. Practitioners in organizations should consider working from home as a resource for leaders, particularly if personal resources are lower.
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15
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Fowe IE, Boot WR. Understanding older adults' attitudes toward mobile and wearable technologies to support health and cognition. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1036092. [PMID: 36571059 PMCID: PMC9779945 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1036092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of technology to facilitate remote patient monitoring and virtual care is desirable due to the challenges of providing healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic and the need for more efficient and effective methods to care for the expanding older adult population. Further, the collection and sharing of patient generated health data (PGHD) through these technologies holds promise with respect to improving outcomes and reducing the cost of care by facilitating the early detection and treatment of cognitive and health problems. Despite the potential benefits of these technologies, their promise might be hampered by low rates of acceptance and adoption among older adults. In an online survey, we assessed community-dwelling older adults' (N = 92) attitudes towards the use of wearable and mobile technologies for (1) predicting cognitive decline, (2) assisting with adherence to healthy activities, and (3) collecting self-report data to understand current and predict future health states. Participants generally agreed hypothetical technology solutions would be useful (M = 4.20, SD = 0.70 on a 1-5 agreement scale; 5 = "strongly agree"), that they were interested in learning more about these technologies (M = 4.04, SD = 0.74), and that they would be willing to adopt these technologies (M = 3.83, SD = 0.93), though attitudes varied. Although participants were generally positive toward these technologies, they were relatively neutral in terms of their agreement that privacy of generated data was a concern (M = 2.92, SD = 1.02). Privacy concerns were associated with lower interest and willingness to adopt. More positive general technology attitudes and higher mobile device proficiency were associated with greater acceptance and willingness to adopt these technologies. Finally, poorer self-rated health was related to negative attitudes toward these technologies. These findings highlight barriers and potential targets for intervention to increase uptake of these and similar technologies among older adults who may be reluctant to adopt remote monitoring technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibukun E. Fowe
- Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Walter R. Boot
- Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
- Institute for Successful Longevity, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
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16
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Belson PJ, Eastwood JA, Brecht ML, Kim JW, Hays RD, Pike NA. Health-Related Quality of Life in Adolescent and Young Adult Retinoblastoma Survivors. JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC HEMATOLOGY/ONCOLOGY NURSING 2022; 39:342-357. [PMID: 35674414 PMCID: PMC9807776 DOI: 10.1177/27527530221073766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Background: Retinoblastoma (RB) is a malignant intraocular tumor diagnosed in early childhood that requires extensive medical and surgical treatment at a young age. Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is thought to be diminished due to visual impairment, facial deformities, and fear of recurrence or secondary cancer. However, few studies have identified variables associated with HRQOL among those with RB. Purpose: To compare HRQOL of adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with RB to matched controls and to identify predictors of HRQOL in RB survivors. Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, 198 AYAs (101 RBs and 97 controls) completed HRQOL (PROMIS®-29 profile) and psychosocial questionnaires (Rosenberg self-esteem scale, multidimensional scale of perceived social support, and Hollingshead index for socioeconomic status). Clinical variables (age at diagnosis, visual acuity, laterality, heredity, treatment regime, and anesthesia exposure) were extracted from the medical record. Correlates of HRQOL were estimated using linear regression models. Results: RB survivors reported similar HRQOL compared to controls. Physical function (p < .001), social support (p = .013), and self-esteem (p = .028) were lower in the RB group compared to controls. Visual acuity and self-esteem accounted for 52% of the variance in PROMIS physical health summary scores and self-esteem accounted for 38% of the variance in mental health summary scores. Conclusion: Despite deficits in physical function and self-esteem HRQOL in RB survivors was comparable to healthy counterparts. However, the majority of RB survivors in this study had normal visual acuity. Clinicians should explore ways to enhance self-esteem in RB survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jonathan W. Kim
- Children’s Hospital, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- USC Roski Eye Institute, University of Southern California, Los
Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ron D. Hays
- University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Nancy A. Pike
- Children’s Hospital, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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17
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Devine C, Cohen-Cline H. Social and Behavioral Pathways between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Poor Adult Physical Health: Mediation by Early Adulthood Experiences in a Low-Income Population. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10578. [PMID: 36078291 PMCID: PMC9517893 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) increase the risk of poor health and wellbeing in adulthood. In this study, we tested whether experiences in early adulthood-intimate partner violence (IPV), substance use, social isolation, and work instability-mediate the relationship between ACEs and poor physical health in later adulthood. Using data from a large-scale survey of Medicaid enrollees in the Portland metropolitan area, four separate mediation models were constructed to assess the indirect effects of each early adulthood experience and the proportion of the total effect on physical health accounted for by the pathway. Experiencing four or more ACEs increased the risk of poor adult physical health by 50% (RR 1.50). Considered in separate models, mediation by IPV accounted for 14.4% of the total effect; substance use mediated a similar proportion (14.0%). Social isolation was a less substantial mediator (7.6%). Work instability did not mediate the relationship between ACEs and adult physical health in our population. These findings provide evidence that IPV, substance use, and social isolation in early adulthood are part of the pathway between high ACEs and poor adult physical health. Intervening to prevent negative early adult experiences may mitigate some of the long-term effects of childhood trauma on health.
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18
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Russell LT, Su-Russell C. Family functioning, contributions to college expenses, access to mentors, and college student's health and flourishing: Examining moderation by family structure. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2022:1-9. [PMID: 35944131 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2109035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate how family functioning, family contributions to college expenses, and access to mentors are associated with college student's self-reported health and flourishing, and to test for moderation by family structure. Participants: Undergraduate college students (N = 238) recruited through an email list-serve at a large midwestern state university. Methods: Participants completed an online survey (distributed through Qualtrics) in February 2020. Data were analyzed using linear regression (in SPSS 28) and simple slope analyses. Results: College students' access to mentors is associated with their self-reported health, and family structure moderates the association between family strengths and self-reported health. Family functioning and access to mentors are both associated with college students' flourishing. Conclusions: College students' health and flourishing may benefit from access to mentors and functional family dynamics. Though students from post-divorce families see fewer benefits from family strengths compared to peers in nuclear biological families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke T Russell
- Family and Consumer Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois, USA
| | - Chang Su-Russell
- Family and Consumer Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois, USA
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19
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Lee LH, Mancus G, Yuen HK, Wolff PE, Jenkins GR. What are the factors associated with neighborhood park visits and health in Alabama? A cross-sectional study using a path model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2022; 32:1542-1553. [PMID: 33719746 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2021.1897533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study seeks to examine the effect of the characteristics of park users, park characteristics, and the neighborhood environment on park visits and the resultant perceived health status of residents living in Alabama, US. One hundred and eighty-nine participants, representing residents from 49 counties in Alabama, were recruited via a random-digit dial method to complete a telephone survey related to park visits. Data collection spanned 11 months. Results from the path analysis indicated a few significant direct effects: park location and body mass index (BMI) were the only two factors significantly associated with park visits, with race being marginally significant; and work status was significantly associated with perceived health. Our findings suggest park proximity, and high BMI are related to park visits and work status is related to perceived health among Alabamians. It is recommended that more neighborhood parks are needed for promoting Alabamians to visit them more frequently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewis H Lee
- School of Social Work, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Gibran Mancus
- Capstone College of Nursing, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Hon K Yuen
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Paul E Wolff
- Survey Research Unit, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Gavin R Jenkins
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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Hudson NW, Lucas RE, Donnellan MB. A direct comparison of the temporal stability and criterion validities of experiential and retrospective global measures of subjective well-being. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PERSONALITY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2022.104230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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21
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Lines LM, Cohen J, Kirschner J, Barch DH, Halpern MT, Kent EE, Mollica MA, Smith AW. Associations between illness burden and care experiences among Medicare beneficiaries before or after a cancer diagnosis. J Geriatr Oncol 2022; 13:731-737. [PMID: 35272981 PMCID: PMC9233114 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgo.2022.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To understand associations between a new measure of illness burden and care experiences in a large, national sample of Medicare beneficiaries surveyed before or after a cancer diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The SEER-CAHPS Illness Burden Index (SCIBI) was previously developed using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS) linked data. The SCIBI provides a standardized morbidity score based on self- and other-reported information from 8 domains and proxies relative risk of 12-month, all-cause mortality among people surveyed before or after a cancer diagnosis. We analyzed a population of Medicare beneficiaries (n = 116,735; 49% fee-for-service and 51% Medicare Advantage [MA]; 73% post-cancer diagnosis) surveyed 2007-2013 to understand how their SCIBI scores were associated with 12 different care experience measures. Frequentist and Bayesian multivariable regression models adjusted for standard case-mix adjustors, enrollment type, timing of cancer diagnoses relative to survey, and survey year. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION SCIBl scores were associated (P < .001) in frequentist models with better ratings of Health Plan (coefficient ± standard error: 0.33 ± 0.08) and better Getting Care Quickly scores (0.51 ± 0.09). In Bayesian models, individuals with higher illness burden had similar results on the same two measures and also reported reliably worse Overall Care experiences (coefficient ± posterior SD: -0.17 ± 0.06). Illness burden may influence how people experience care or report those experiences. Individuals with greater illness burdens may need intensive care coordination and multilevel interventions before and after a cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Lines
- RTI International, 3040 E. Cornwallis Rd., Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States of America; University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 55 Lake Ave., North Worcester, MA 01655, United States of America.
| | - Julia Cohen
- RTI International, 3040 E. Cornwallis Rd., Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States of America
| | - Justin Kirschner
- RTI International, 3040 E. Cornwallis Rd., Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States of America
| | - Daniel H Barch
- RTI International, 3040 E. Cornwallis Rd., Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States of America; Psychology Department, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States of America
| | - Michael T Halpern
- National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Healthcare Delivery Research Program, United States of America
| | - Erin E Kent
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, United States of America; University of North Carolina Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, United States of America
| | - Michelle A Mollica
- National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Healthcare Delivery Research Program, United States of America
| | - Ashley Wilder Smith
- National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Healthcare Delivery Research Program, United States of America
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22
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Gadermann A, Thomson K, Gill R, Schonert-Reichl KA, Gagné Petteni M, Guhn M, Warren MT, Oberle E. Early Adolescents' Experiences During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Changes in Their Well-Being. Front Public Health 2022; 10:823303. [PMID: 35592082 PMCID: PMC9110968 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.823303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Early adolescence is a time of psychological and social change that can coincide with declines in mental health and well-being. This study investigated the psychological and social impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic from the perspective of students who responded to a survey in Grades 7 and 8 (ages 12–14) in British Columbia (BC), Canada. The objectives of this study were (i) to provide an overview on early adolescents' experiences and social-emotional well-being during the pandemic; and (ii) to examine whether changes in social experiences as well as feeling safe from getting COVID-19 at school were associated with changes in well-being outcomes over the course of a year. Methods A sample of n = 1,755 students from a large public school district self-reported on their life satisfaction, optimism, and symptoms of sadness across two time points: First, in their Grade 7 year (pre-pandemic; January to March, 2020) and then 1 year later in their Grade 8 year (during the pandemic; January to March, 2021). In Grade 8, students also reported on pandemic-specific experiences, including changes in mental health, social relationships, and activities, as well as coping strategies and positive changes since the pandemic. Data were collected online using the Middle Years Development Instrument (MDI), a population-based self-report tool that assesses children's social-emotional development and well-being in the context of their home, school, and neighborhood. Multivariable linear regression analyses were used to examine associations between pandemic-related changes in relationships and perceived safety from getting COVID-19 at school with changes in well-being outcomes. Results Students reported a range of experiences, with a large proportion reporting moderate concerns and impacts of the pandemic, including worries about their mental health and missing school activities. Students reported significantly lower optimism, lower life satisfaction, and higher sadness compared to the previous year. Within the sample, improvements in relationships with parents and other adults at home was associated with higher well-being during the pandemic. Implications Results from this study can inform decision making of policy-makers, educators, and practitioners working with youth, by providing information on students' experiences during the pandemic and identifying factors that may be protective for students' mental health during and beyond the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Gadermann
- Human Early Learning Partnership, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kimberly Thomson
- Human Early Learning Partnership, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Randip Gill
- Human Early Learning Partnership, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Monique Gagné Petteni
- Human Early Learning Partnership, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Martin Guhn
- Human Early Learning Partnership, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Michael T Warren
- Human Early Learning Partnership, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Eva Oberle
- Human Early Learning Partnership, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Heller C, Sperlich S, Tetzlaff F, Geyer S, Epping J, Beller J, Tetzlaff J. Living longer, working longer: analysing time trends in working life expectancy in Germany from a health perspective between 2002 and 2018. Eur J Ageing 2022; 19:1263-1276. [PMID: 36692756 PMCID: PMC9729498 DOI: 10.1007/s10433-022-00707-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Population ageing poses growing challenges to social security systems, in particular to public pension funds. The study analyses how Working Life Expectancy (WLE) and Healthy Working Life Expectancy (HWLE) in terms of three health indicators developed in Germany. Based on the German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP) from 2002 to 2018 (n = 211,141), time trends in labour force rates, mental and physical Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL), self-rated health (SRH) and the respective combinations (health indicator*labour force) were analysed for all respondents aged 18-74. WLE and HWLE were calculated using the Sullivan method. WLE and HWLE in men and women at age 18 and 50 clearly increased over time. These increases in HWLE were found in terms of all three health indicators. This development was mainly driven by the clear increase of the labour force rates, since the shares of individuals with good and satisfactory SRH or average and good HRQoL remained largely stable over time. The results show that from a health perspective there have been potentials for increases in WLE during the past two decades and that increasingly more healthy life years are spent economically active. However, life years in the labour force but in poor health have increased, too. The absence of clear improvements in health emphasises the importance of current and future preventive measures to maintain health, especially among the middle-aged and older labour force.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Heller
- Medical Sociology Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | | | - Fabian Tetzlaff
- Medical Sociology Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Siegfried Geyer
- Medical Sociology Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Jelena Epping
- Medical Sociology Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Johannes Beller
- Medical Sociology Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Juliane Tetzlaff
- Medical Sociology Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
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Lundin S, Bergström A, Wahlgren CF, Johansson EK, Andersson N, Ballardini N, Jonsson M, Melén E, Kull I. Living with Atopic Dermatitis as a Young Adult in Relation to Health-related Quality of Life and Healthcare Contacts: A Population-based Study. Acta Derm Venereol 2022; 102:adv00702. [PMID: 35312023 PMCID: PMC9609986 DOI: 10.2340/actadv.v102.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Most studies of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and atopic dermatitis are based on data from dermatology clinics. The aim of this study was to determine whether atopic dermatitis affects HRQoL in adolescence and young adulthood, based on data from the population-based cohort BAMSE (Children, Allergy, Environmental, Stockholm, Epidemiology). A further aim was to determine if the use of topical corticosteroids and healthcare contacts affect HRQoL. Participants with data from birth to young adulthood (n=3,064) were included. Two generic instruments were used to measure HRQoL:General Health at age 12, 16 and 24 years and EQ-5D-3L, including EQ-visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS) at age 24 years. In addition, the disease-specific Dermatology Quality Life Index (DLQI) was used at 24 years. Healthcare consultations for atopic dermatitis were obtained from Stockholm Regional Healthcare Data Warehouse (n = 1,944). Participants with atopic dermatitis had an increased odds ratio (OR) of not feeling completely healthy (adjusted OR 1.50; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.30–1.73). Participants with persistent atopic dermatitis, fulfilling atopic dermatitis criteria in the 12- and/or 16- and 24-year follow-ups reported worse EQ-VAS value 70.0 (95% CI 67.3–72.7) in the 25th percentile, than peers without atopic dermatitis. Over an 8-year period, contact with healthcare was limited (mean number 0.96). In conclusion, atopic dermatitis had a negative impact on HRQoL in young adults from adolescence to adulthood and healthcare consultations were few.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Lundin
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Jägargatan 20, SE-118 67 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Wahby S, Lawal OA, Sajobi TT, Keezer M, Nguyen DK, Malmgren K, Atkinson MJ, Hader WJ, Josephson CB, Macrodimitris S, Patten S, Pillay N, Sharma R, Singh S, Starreveld Y, Wiebe S. Validity and reliability of global ratings of satisfaction with epilepsy surgery. Epilepsia 2022; 63:777-788. [DOI: 10.1111/epi.17184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Wahby
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada
| | - Oluwaseyi A. Lawal
- Department of Community Health Sciences Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada
| | - Tolulope T. Sajobi
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada
- O'Brien Institute for Public Health University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada
| | - Mark R. Keezer
- Department of Neurosciences Université de Montreal Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Dang K. Nguyen
- Department of Neurosciences Université de Montreal Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Kristina Malmgren
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg University and Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Mark J. Atkinson
- Family Medicine and Public Health University of California San Diego California USA
| | - Walter J. Hader
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada
| | - Colin B. Josephson
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada
- O'Brien Institute for Public Health University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada
| | - Sophia Macrodimitris
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada
| | - Scott B. Patten
- Department of Community Health Sciences Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada
- O'Brien Institute for Public Health University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada
- Department of Psychiatry Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada
| | - Neelan Pillay
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada
| | - Ruby Sharma
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada
| | - Shaily Singh
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada
- O'Brien Institute for Public Health University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada
| | - Yves Starreveld
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada
| | - Samuel Wiebe
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada
- O'Brien Institute for Public Health University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada
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Harris MG, Kazdin AE, Munthali RJ, Vigo DV, Hwang I, Sampson NA, Al-Hamzawi A, Alonso J, Andrade LH, Borges G, Bunting B, Florescu S, Gureje O, Karam EG, Lee S, Navarro-Mateu F, Nishi D, Rapsey C, Scott KM, Stagnaro JC, Viana MC, Wojtyniak B, Xavier M, Kessler RC. Perceived helpfulness of service sectors used for mental and substance use disorders: Findings from the WHO World Mental Health Surveys. Int J Ment Health Syst 2022; 16:6. [PMID: 35093131 PMCID: PMC8800240 DOI: 10.1186/s13033-022-00516-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental healthcare is delivered across service sectors that differ in level of specialization and intervention modalities typically offered. Little is known about the perceived helpfulness of the combinations of service sectors that patients use. METHODS Respondents 18 + years with 12-month DSM-IV mental or substance use disorders who saw a provider for mental health problems in the year before interview were identified from WHO World Mental Health surveys in 17 countries. Based upon the types of providers seen, patients were grouped into nine mutually exclusive single-sector or multi-sector 'treatment profiles'. Perceived helpfulness was defined as the patient's maximum rating of being helped ('a lot', 'some', 'a little' or 'not at all') of any type of provider seen in the profile. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the joint associations of sociodemographics, disorder types, and treatment profiles with being helped 'a lot'. RESULTS Across all surveys combined, 29.4% (S.E. 0.6) of respondents with a 12-month disorder saw a provider in the past year (N = 3221). Of these patients, 58.2% (S.E. 1.0) reported being helped 'a lot'. Odds of being helped 'a lot' were significantly higher (odds ratios [ORs] = 1.50-1.89) among the 12.9% of patients who used specialized multi-sector profiles involving both psychiatrists and other mental health specialists, compared to other patients, despite their high comorbidities. Lower odds of being helped 'a lot' were found among patients who were seen only in the general medical, psychiatrist, or other mental health specialty sectors (ORs = 0.46-0.71). Female gender and older age were associated with increased odds of being helped 'a lot'. In models stratified by country income group, having 3 or more disorders (high-income countries only) and state-funded health insurance (low/middle-income countries only) were associated with increased odds of being helped 'a lot'. CONCLUSIONS Patients who received specialized, multi-sector care were more likely than other patients to report being helped 'a lot'. This result is consistent with previous research suggesting that persistence in help-seeking is associated with receiving helpful treatment. Given the nonrandom sorting of patients by types of providers seen and persistence in help-seeking, we cannot discount that selection bias may play some role in this pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith G Harris
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Level 2, Public Health Building (887), 288 Herston Road, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia.
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Wolston Park Rd, Wacol, QLD, 4076, Australia.
| | - Alan E Kazdin
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, 2 Hillhouse Avenue- 208205, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Richard J Munthali
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, UBC Hospital-Detwiller Pavilion, UBC Vancouver Campus, Room 2813, 2255 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2A1, Canada
| | - Daniel V Vigo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, UBC Hospital-Detwiller Pavilion, UBC Vancouver Campus, Room 2813, 2255 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2A1, Canada
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, 641 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Irving Hwang
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, 180 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Nancy A Sampson
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, 180 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ali Al-Hamzawi
- College of Medicine, Al-Qadisiya University, Al-Diwaniyah, P.O.Box 88, Al-Qadisiyah, Iraq
| | - Jordi Alonso
- IMIM-Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, PRBB Building, Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER en Epidemiología Y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Plaça de la Mercè, 10-12, 08002, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Helena Andrade
- University of São Paulo Medical School, Núcleo de Epidemiologia Psiquiátrica - LIM 23, Rua Dr. Ovidio Pires de Campos, 785, São Paulo, CEP 05403-010, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Borges
- National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de La Fuente Muñiz, Calzada México-Xochimilco, 101, Colonia San Lorenzo Huipulco, DF 14370, México City, Mexico
| | - Brendan Bunting
- School of Psychology, Ulster University, College Avenue, Londonderry, BT48 7JL, UK
| | - Silvia Florescu
- National School of Public Health, Management and Development, 31 Vaselor Str, 21253, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Oye Gureje
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Ibadan, University College Hospital, Ibadan, 5116, PMB, Nigeria
| | - Elie G Karam
- Institute for Development, Research, Advocacy and Applied Care (IDRAAC), Achrafieh, St. George Hospital Street, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, St George Hospital University Medical Center, Ashrafieh, Beirut, 166378, Lebanon
- Faculty of Medicine, Balamand University, Rond Point Saloumeh, Sin el Fil, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sing Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong
- G/F Multicentre, Tai Po Hospital, 9 Chuen On Road, Tai Po, Hong Kong
| | - Fernando Navarro-Mateu
- Unidad de Docencia, Investigacion Y Formación en Salud Mental, Servicio Murciano de Salud, Murcia Health Service, C/ Lorca, nº 58. -El Palmar, 30120, Murcia, Spain
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria Virgen de La Arrixaca, El Palmar, 30120, Murcia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en ERed en Epidemíologia Y Salud Pública, El Palmar, 30120, Murcia, Spain
| | - Daisuke Nishi
- Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Charlene Rapsey
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Kate M Scott
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Juan Carlos Stagnaro
- Departamento de Psiquiatría Y Salud Mental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, 2155, C1121ABG CABA, Paraguay, Argentina
| | - Maria Carmen Viana
- Department of Social Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Rua Dr. Euríco de Águiar, 888/705, Vitoria, Espirito Santo-ES, 29052-600, Brazil
| | - Bogdan Wojtyniak
- National Institute of Public Health, National Research Institute, 24 Chocimska St., 00-791, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Miguel Xavier
- Lisbon Institute of Global Mental Health and Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ronald C Kessler
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, 180 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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Sands LP, Do Q, Du P, Pruchno R. Peritraumatic Stress From a Disaster Increases Risk for Onset of Chronic Diseases Among Older Adults. Innov Aging 2022; 6:igab052. [PMID: 34993355 PMCID: PMC8720044 DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igab052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Our understanding of the impact of disaster exposure on the physical health of older adults is largely based on hospital admissions for acute illnesses in the weeks following a disaster. Studies of longer-term outcomes have centered primarily on mental health. Missing have been studies examining whether exposure to disaster increases the risk for the onset of chronic diseases. We examined the extent to which 2 indicators of disaster exposure (geographic exposure and peritraumatic stress) were associated with new onset of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, arthritis, and lung disease to improve our understanding of the long-term physical health consequences of disaster exposure. Research Design and Methods We linked self-reported data collected prior to and following Hurricane Sandy from a longitudinal panel study with Medicare data to assess time to new onset of chronic diseases in the 4 years after the hurricane. Results We found that older adults who reported high levels of peritraumatic stress from Hurricane Sandy had more than twice the risk of experiencing a new diagnosis of lung disease, diabetes, and arthritis in the 4 years after the hurricane compared to older adults who did not experience high levels of peritraumatic stress. Geographic proximity to the hurricane was not associated with these outcomes. Analyses controlled for known risk factors for the onset of chronic diseases, including demographic, psychosocial, and health risks. Discussion and Implications Findings reveal that physical health effects of disaster-related peritraumatic stress extend beyond the weeks and months after a disaster and include new onset of chronic diseases that are associated with loss of functioning and early mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura P Sands
- Center for Gerontology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Quyen Do
- Department of Statistics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia,USA
| | - Pang Du
- Department of Statistics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia,USA
| | - Rachel Pruchno
- New Jersey Institute for Successful Aging, Rowan University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, New Jersey, USA
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Long term impact of Hurricane Sandy on hospital admissions of older adults. Soc Sci Med 2022; 293:114659. [PMID: 34954672 PMCID: PMC8810733 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE In the weeks and months following a disaster, acute illness and injuries requiring hospital admission increase. It is not known whether disaster exposure is associated with increased risk for hospitalization in the years after a disaster. OBJECTIVE We examined the extent to which disaster exposure is associated with hospitalization two years after Hurricane Sandy. The analyses fill a clinical gap in our understanding of long-term physical health consequences of disaster exposure by identifying older adults at greatest risk for hospitalization two years after disaster exposure. METHOD Survey data from a longitudinal panel study collectedbefore and after Hurricane Sandy were linked with Medicare inpatient files in order to assess the impact of Hurricane Sandy on hospital admissions two years following the hurricane. RESULTS We found that people who reported experiencing a lot of fear and distress in the midst of Hurricane Sandy were at an increased risk of being hospitalized two years after the hurricane [Hazard Ratio = 1.75; 95% CI (1.12-2.73)]. Findings held after controlling for pre-disaster demographics, social risks, chronic conditions, hospitalizations during the year before the hurricane, and decline in physical functioning. CONCLUSIONS These findings are the first to show that disaster exposure increases the risk for hospital admissions two years after a disaster. Controlling for known risk factors for hospitalization, older adults who experience high levels of fear and distress during a disaster are more likely to be hospitalized two years following the disaster than older adults who do not have this experience.
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Patterns and Predictors of Healthcare Use among Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer Survivors versus a Community Comparison Group. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13215270. [PMID: 34771435 PMCID: PMC8582416 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Adolescent and young adult cancer survivors face several significant physical/mental health late effects following cancer treatment. These effects may be minimized through healthcare use tailored to young survivors’ needs. Using a cross-sectional study design, we examined the healthcare use of 93 adolescent/young adult cancer survivors (aged 15–39 years), relative to a comparison group of adolescents and young adults recruited from the local community (n = 183). Our cancer survivor group reported greater use of medical and mental health services, and medications during the past six months relative to the comparison group. Our cancer survivor group also reported less psychological distress, and similar work/study participation relative to the comparison group. Survivors who were female, diagnosed with brain/solid tumors and who had finished treatment more recently reported greater healthcare use. Future research is needed to determine whether the healthcare accessed by adolescent and young adult cancer survivors is appropriate and meets their needs. Abstract Healthcare use (HCU) during survivorship can mitigate adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors’ (aged 15–39 years) risk of medical and psychosocial late effects, but this is understudied. We surveyed 93 Australian AYA post-treatment cancer survivors (Mage = 22.0 years, SD = 3.5; 55.9% female) and a comparison sample of 183 non-matched AYAs (Mage = 19.7, SD = 3.2; 70.5% female) on their HCU, medication use, depression/anxiety, and general functioning. Relative to our comparison AYAs, a higher proportion of our survivor group reported medical HCU (community-delivered: 65.6% versus 47.0%, p = 0.003; hospital-delivered: 31.2% versus 20.3%, p = 0.044) and mental HCU (53.8% vs. 23.5%; p < 0.0001) in the past six months. A higher proportion of our survivors reported taking medications within the past six months than our comparison AYAs (61.3% vs. 42.1%, p = 0.003) and taking more types (p < 0.001). Vitamin/supplement use was most common followed by psychotropic medications. Our survivor group reported lower depression (p = 0.001) and anxiety symptoms (p = 0.003), but similar work/study participation (p = 0.767) to our comparison AYAs. Across groups, psychological distress was associated with higher mental HCU (p = 0.001). Among survivors, those who were female, diagnosed with brain/solid tumors and who had finished treatment more recently reported greater HCU. Future research should establish whether this level of HCU meets AYAs’ survivorship needs.
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Doornenbal BM, Bakx R. Self-rated health trajectories: A dynamic time warp analysis. Prev Med Rep 2021; 24:101510. [PMID: 34430192 PMCID: PMC8371205 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-rated health (SRH), individuals’ overall perception of their health, is a key predictor of health events. To target disease prevention efforts, it is important to understand how SRH develops over time. The goal of this short communication is to find prototypic SRH trajectories by applying dynamic time warping, a time series comparison technique initially developed for speech recognition. Revealing prototypic SRH trajectories can help direct disease prevention efforts towards trajectories that are more likely to result in adverse health events. Based on data from a Dutch representative sample of 2,154 individuals, our dynamic time warp analysis suggests that Dutch individuals do not typically show a steady growth or decline in SRH. Instead, we identified four relatively stable SRH trajectories that differed in average SRH. One of these trajectories is a path of consistent low SRH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian M. Doornenbal
- Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands
- Salut., the Netherlands
- Corresponding author at: Jansbuitensingel 7, 6811 AA Arnhem, the Netherlands.
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31
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Beisland EG, Gjeilo KH, Andersen JR, Bratås O, Bø B, Haraldstad K, Hjelmeland IHH, Iversen MM, Løyland B, Norekvål TM, Riiser K, Rohde G, Urstad KH, Utne I, Flølo TN. Quality of life and fear of COVID-19 in 2600 baccalaureate nursing students at five universities: a cross-sectional study. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2021; 19:198. [PMID: 34412630 PMCID: PMC8374118 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-021-01837-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant disruptions in the implementation of programs across educational institutions. Nursing students, being both young adults and by practical training, part of the health care system, may be particularly vulnerable during the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study was to explore the associations between self-reported fear of COVID-19, general health, psychological distress and overall quality of life (QoL) in a sample of Norwegian baccalaureate nursing students compared to reference data.
Methods The survey targeted baccalaureate nursing students from five universities in February 2021. An electronic questionnaire consisted of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S), the Hopkins Symptom Checklist 5 (SCL-5), one general health and one overall QoL question. The respondents’ mean scores were compared to reference data. Hierarchical regression analyses were conducted, and effect sizes (Cohen’s d) were evaluated. Results In total, 2605 out of 6088 (43%) students responded. Their FCV-19S scores (mean 2.45, CI 2.42, 2.48) were significantly higher than those of the reference population (mean 1.8, P < 0.001). Nursing students scores showed significantly lower general health (mean 3.50 ± 0.93 SD, population mean = 3.57, Cohen’s d = 0.07), higher levels of psychological distress (mean 2.68 ± 1.03 SD, population mean = 2.12, Cohen’s d = 0.55) and lower overall QoL (mean 5.50 ± 2.16 SD, population mean = 8.00, Cohen’s d = 1.16) compared to pre-pandemic reference data. FCV-19S scores were significantly associated with levels of general health (Cohen’s d = 0.26), psychological distress (Cohen’s d = 0.76) and overall QoL (Cohen’s d = 0.18). Conclusions Baccalaureate nursing students reported worse outcomes during the Covid-19 pandemic on general health, psychological distress and overall QoL compared to the reference population. Level of fear of Covid-19, however, accounted for few of these differences. Other factors related to the pandemic may have reduced nursing students’ overall QoL. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12955-021-01837-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- E G Beisland
- Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Inndalsveien 28, 5063, Kronstad, Bergen, Norway.
| | - K H Gjeilo
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, 7491, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Cardiology and Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, St. Olav Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Postbox 3250, 7006, Torgarden, Trondheim, Norway
| | - J R Andersen
- Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Inndalsveien 28, 5063, Kronstad, Bergen, Norway.,Førde Hospital Trust, Post Office Box 1000, 6807, Førde, Norway
| | - O Bratås
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - B Bø
- Department of Quality and Health Technology, University of Stavanger, Kjell Arholms gate 41, 4021, Stavanger, Norway
| | - K Haraldstad
- Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, University of Agder, P.O Box 422, 4604, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - I H H Hjelmeland
- Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Inndalsveien 28, 5063, Kronstad, Bergen, Norway
| | - M M Iversen
- Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Inndalsveien 28, 5063, Kronstad, Bergen, Norway
| | - B Løyland
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, St. Olavs plass, P.O. Box 4, 0130, Oslo, Norway
| | - T M Norekvål
- Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Inndalsveien 28, 5063, Kronstad, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Jonas Lies vei 65, 5021, Bergen, Norway
| | - K Riiser
- Department of Physiotherapy, Oslo Metropolitan University, St. Olavs plass, P.O. Box 4, 0130, Oslo, Norway
| | - G Rohde
- Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, University of Agder, P.O Box 422, 4604, Kristiansand, Norway.,Department of Clinical Research, SSHF, P.O. Box 416, 4604, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - K H Urstad
- Department of Quality and Health Technology, University of Stavanger, Kjell Arholms gate 41, 4021, Stavanger, Norway
| | - I Utne
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, St. Olavs plass, P.O. Box 4, 0130, Oslo, Norway
| | - T N Flølo
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, St. Olavs plass, P.O. Box 4, 0130, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Surgery, Voss Hospital, Haukeland University Hospital/The Western Norway Health Region Authority, Sjukehusvegen 16, 5704, Voss, Norway
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Dzierzewski JM, Donovan EK, Sabet SM. The Sleep Regularity Questionnaire: development and initial validation. Sleep Med 2021; 85:45-53. [PMID: 34274811 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2021.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE Sleep is a critically important behavior which influences diverse aspects of health, functioning, and longevity. An increasing literature suggests the importance of sleep regularity, also referred to as sleep inconsistency, sleep variability, or intraindividual variability in sleep. Given there is no brief, subjective measure of sleep regularity, the purpose of this study was to develop the Sleep Regularity Questionnaire (SRQ) and to begin the process of examining its psychometric properties using a construct-validation approach. PARTICIPANTS/METHODS In an online study of sleep and health, participants (n = 3249; Mage (SD) = 42.77 (16.73); 48.5% female; 77.3% white) completed the in-development SRQ, as well as the Insomnia Severity Index and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. RESULTS An exploratory factor analysis followed by a confirmatory factor analysis revealed a two factor structure, represented by circadian regularity and sleep continuity regularity, with good model fit indices (X2 = 50.9, df = 7, p < 0.001; RMSEA = 0.06; CFI = 0.99; NFI = 0.99; IFI = 0.99; TLI = 0.98). Test-retest reliability, as well as concurrent, convergent and incremental validity were examined, with promising results. CONCLUSIONS Preliminary psychometrics suggest that the SRQ is a valid and stable instrument for the assessment of sleep regularity in adults that is related to, but distinct from, other established sleep constructs. Future research will benefit from assessing the validity of the SRQ in various clinical samples and how it compares to measures of sleep regularity calculated from prospective daily assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M Dzierzewski
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 806 West Franklin St., PO Box 842018, Richmond, VA, 23284-2018, USA.
| | - Emily K Donovan
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 806 West Franklin St., PO Box 842018, Richmond, VA, 23284-2018, USA
| | - Sahar M Sabet
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 806 West Franklin St., PO Box 842018, Richmond, VA, 23284-2018, USA
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Murray RM, Sabiston CM, Doré I, Bélanger M, O'Loughlin JL. Association between pattern of team sport participation from adolescence to young adulthood and mental health. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2021; 31:1481-1488. [PMID: 33749036 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
We examined relationships between pattern of team sport participation during the transition from adolescence to young adulthood (ie, non-participants, initiators, discontinuers, sustainers) and indicators of mental health. Data on team sport participation and mental health from high school to young adulthood were drawn from the longitudinal NDIT study. After controlling for demographics, physical activity, and previous mental health, one-way MANCOVA and ANCOVAs indicated that pattern of team sport participation was associated with stress, F(2,706) =8.28, p < .01, and coping, F(2,706) = 10.66, p < .01 in young adulthood. Compared to non-participants (24% of sample) or those who discontinued team sport after adolescence (51%), individuals who sustained team sport participation from adolescence to young adulthood (22%) reported lower stress and better coping levels. Bivariate regression analysis indicated that, compared to non-participants, team sport sustainers were less likely to experience panic disorder symptoms (OR =0.57, 95% CI [0.34, 0.94], p = .03). There were too few team sport initiators (2%) to be included in analyses. Sustained team sport participation during the transition from adolescence to young adulthood may promote better mental health. Further research is needed to ascertain causality and develop strategies to encourage individuals to join sport teams during adolescence and sustain participation while transitioning to young adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Isabelle Doré
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,CHUM Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Jennifer L O'Loughlin
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,CHUM Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Jenkins EK, McAuliffe C, Hirani S, Richardson C, Thomson KC, McGuinness L, Morris J, Kousoulis A, Gadermann A. A portrait of the early and differential mental health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada: Findings from the first wave of a nationally representative cross-sectional survey. Prev Med 2021; 145:106333. [PMID: 33509605 PMCID: PMC9755654 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Evidence on the population-level mental health impacts of COVID-19 are beginning to amass; however, to date, there are significant gaps in our understandings of whose mental health is most impacted, how the pandemic is contributing to widening mental health inequities, and the coping strategies being used to sustain mental health. The first wave of a repeated cross-sectional monitoring survey was conducted between May 14-29, 2020 to assess the mental health impacts of the pandemic and to identify the disproportionate impacts on populations or groups identified as experiencing increased risks due to structural vulnerability and pre-existing health and social inequities. Respondents included a nationally representative probability sample (n = 3000) of Canadian adults 18 years and older. Overall, Canadian populations are experiencing a deterioration in mental health and coping due to the pandemic. Those who experience health, social, and/or structural vulnerabilities due to pre-existing mental health conditions, disability, income, ethnicity, sexuality, and/or gender are more likely to endorse mental health deterioration, challenging emotions, and difficulties coping. This monitoring study highlights the differential mental health impacts of the pandemic for those who experience health, social, and structural inequities. These data are critical to informing responsive, equity-oriented public health, and policy responses in real-time to protect and promote the mental health of those most at risk during the pandemic and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily K Jenkins
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, T201-2211 Westbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2B5, Canada.
| | - Corey McAuliffe
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, T201-2211 Westbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2B5, Canada.
| | - Saima Hirani
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, T201-2211 Westbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2B5, Canada.
| | - Chris Richardson
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, 2206 E Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada; Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences, St. Paul's Hospital, 5881-1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, British Columbia V6Z 1Y6, Canada.
| | - Kimberly C Thomson
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, 2206 E Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada; Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences, St. Paul's Hospital, 5881-1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, British Columbia V6Z 1Y6, Canada; The Human Early Learning Partnership, University of British Columbia, Suite 440, 2206 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada.
| | - Liza McGuinness
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, T201-2211 Westbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2B5, Canada.
| | - Jonathan Morris
- Canadian Mental Health Association, BC Division, Suite 905-1130 West Pender Street, Vancouver, British Columbia V6E 4A4, Canada.
| | - Antonis Kousoulis
- Research, Programmes and Policy, Mental Health Foundation, Colechurch House, 1 London Bridge Walk, London SE1 2SX, United Kingdom.
| | - Anne Gadermann
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, 2206 E Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada; Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences, St. Paul's Hospital, 5881-1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, British Columbia V6Z 1Y6, Canada; The Human Early Learning Partnership, University of British Columbia, Suite 440, 2206 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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Sze KYP, Lee EKP, Chan RHW, Kim JH. Prevalence of negative emotional eating and its associated psychosocial factors among urban Chinese undergraduates in Hong Kong: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:583. [PMID: 33761930 PMCID: PMC7988990 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10531-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Emotional eating (EE), defined as eating in response to a range of emotions, has been previously associated with poor diet and obesity. Since there are limited data from non-Western populations, this study aims to examine the prevalence and factors associated with EE among urban Chinese university students. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 424 university students (aged 18–24 years) from two large universities in Hong Kong in 2019. Respondents completed an anonymous online questionnaire that contained background questions, an emotional eating subscale of the Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (DEBQ), and Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS-21). Two-sample independent t-test and multiple regression analyses were conducted to test the association of study variables with negative emotional eating. Results There was over a three-fold higher likelihood of negative EE among females (14.8%) when compared with their male counterparts (4.5%) (OR = 3.7, p < 0.05). Having at least mild depressive symptoms was the only independent factor associated with negative EE among males (OR = 10.1) while for females, negative EE was independently associated with not having a romantic partner (OR = 3.45), having depressive symptoms (OR = 44.5), and having at least mild stress (OR = 5.65). Anxiety levels were not independently associated with negative EE for either gender. Both male and female students with negative EE had significantly lower self-perceived health scores, higher body mass index, and lower life satisfaction scores. Conclusions This study revealed that negative EE is prevalent among female Chinese university students and not uncommon among male students. Management of negative EE should be included as a component of university mental health promotion programmes in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Y P Sze
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Eric K P Lee
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Rufina H W Chan
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Jean H Kim
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR.
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Working from home during the COVID-19 outbreak in Sweden: effects on 24-h time-use in office workers. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:528. [PMID: 33731066 PMCID: PMC7968563 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10582-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has triggered national recommendations encouraging people to work from home (WFH), but the possible impact of WFH on physical behaviors is unknown. This study aimed to determine the extent to which the 24-h allocation of time to different physical behaviors changes between days working at the office (WAO) and days WFH in office workers during the pandemic. Methods Data were collected on 27 office workers with full-time employment at a Swedish municipal division during the COVID-19 outbreak in May–July 2020. A thigh-worn accelerometer (Axivity) was used to assess physical behavior (sedentary, stand, move) during seven consecutive days. A diary was used to identify periods of work, leisure and sleep. 24-h compositions of sedentary, standing and moving behaviors during work and non-work time were examined using Compositional data analysis (CoDA), and differences between days WAO and days WFH were determined using repeated measures ANOVA. Results Days WFH were associated with more time spent sleeping relative to awake, and the effect size was large (F = 7.4; p = 0.01; ηp2 = 0.22). The increase (34 min) in sleep time during WFH occurred at the expense of a reduction in work and leisure time by 26 min and 7 min, respectively. Sedentary, standing and moving behaviors did not change markedly during days WFH compared to days WAO. Conclusion Days working from home during the COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden were associated with longer duration of sleep than days working at the office. This behavioral change may be beneficial to health. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-10582-6.
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Wright LJ, Williams SE, Veldhuijzen van Zanten JJCS. Physical Activity Protects Against the Negative Impact of Coronavirus Fear on Adolescent Mental Health and Well-Being During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Psychol 2021; 12:580511. [PMID: 33776827 PMCID: PMC7990778 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.580511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The severity of the Coronavirus pandemic has led to lockdowns in different countries to reduce the spread of the infection. These lockdown restrictions are likely to be detrimental to mental health and well-being in adolescents. Physical activity can be beneficial for mental health and well-being; however, research has yet to examine associations between adolescent physical activity and mental health and well-being during lockdown. Purpose: Examine the effects of adolescent perceived Coronavirus prevalence and fear on mental health and well-being and investigate the extent to which physical activity can be a protective factor against these concerns. Methods: During United Kingdom lockdown restrictions, 165 participants (100 female, aged 13-19) completed an online questionnaire assessing perceived Coronavirus prevalence and fear, physical activity, and indicators of mental health and well-being (stress, anxiety, depression, fatigue, vitality, and perceived health). Separate hierarchical multiple linear regression analyses (with age, gender, perceived Coronavirus prevalence, and fear entered in step 1, and physical activity in step 2) were run to predict each well-being outcome. Results: Regression analyses indicated that in general, while Coronavirus fear was a negative predictor, physical activity was a positive and stronger predictor of enhanced mental health and well-being outcomes. Conclusion: Findings suggest that physical activity during the Coronavirus pandemic can counteract the negative effects of Coronavirus fear on adolescent mental health and well-being. Therefore, physical activity should be promoted during lockdown to support good mental health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J. Wright
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Veilleux JC, Pollert GA, Skinner KD, Chamberlain KD, Baker DE, Hill MA. Individual beliefs about emotion and perceptions of belief stability are associated with symptoms of psychopathology and emotional processes. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2020.110541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Klar MK, Geyer S, Safieddine B, Tetzlaff F, Tetzlaff J, Sperlich S. Trends in healthy life expectancy between 2002 and 2018 in Germany - Compression or expansion of health-related quality of life (HRQOL)? SSM Popul Health 2021; 13:100758. [PMID: 33732863 PMCID: PMC7937823 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2021.100758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The question of whether rising life expectancy has led to additional life years spent in good health or poor health is of major public health relevance. We tested the theories of compression or expansion of morbidity for Germany with respect to the mental and physical component summary scales (MCS/PCS) of the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) questionnaire (SF-12). Data of 90,758 women and 81,400 men were obtained from the German Socio-Economic Panel between 2002 and 2018. Linear and logistic regression analyses were applied to estimate temporal changes in MCS and PCS in different life stages. The development of healthy life expectancy (H-LE) expressed by life years without severe functional limitations was calculated by applying the Sullivan method. Overall, a significant increase of MCS and PCS was found in both genders. The rise was mainly due to declining proportions of severe limitations (norm values < 40 points) while the proportions of norm values > 60 points did not change substantially. Improvements were most apparent for the 'young seniors' (65-79 years) and at 'old age' (80 years +). In contrast, no improvements in PCS were found for 'later working life' (50-64 years) and decreasing levels were observed for persons of 'middle working age' (30-49 years). During the study period, H-LE at age 50 increased in women/men by 2.93/2.90 years (MCS) and 1.92/2.53 years (PCS), respectively. Our results support the hypothesis of absolute compression of morbidity. However, since consistent improvements were not found for ages below 65 years, it remains open to debate whether the positive health trend will also persist in the future. Our findings suggest that health promotion efforts should be strengthened for people of middle and later working age to support healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Siegfried Geyer
- Hannover Medical School, Medical Sociology, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Fabian Tetzlaff
- Hannover Medical School, Medical Sociology, Hannover, Germany
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Aili K, Arvidsson S, Nygren JM. Health related quality of life and buffering factors in adult survivors of acute pediatric lymphoblastic leukemia and their siblings. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2021; 19:55. [PMID: 33579311 PMCID: PMC7881557 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-021-01700-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The improvement in treatment of pediatric acute lymphatic leukemia (ALL) has introduced new challenges for pediatric oncology care in understanding and handling long-term treatment-related complications later in adult life. The aim of this study was to describe health related quality of life (HRQoL) and the relation to buffering factors among young adult (YA) pediatric ALL survivors and their siblings. Methods This cross-sectional study was performed among 227 adults, treated for pediatric ALL in Sweden between 1985 and 1997 and their siblings (n = 70). Group means of HRQoL (SF-36) were compared between YA ALL survivors and the siblings, as well as to normative values from the general population. Self-efficacy (GSES) and social support (SS-13 subscale AVSI) was considering potential buffering factors for HRQoL and mental health. Associations between HRQoL and mental health respectively and self-efficacy and social support was analyzed. Results The YA ALL survivors scored significantly lower on the HRQoL parameters general health (69.6 vs. 78.4, p = 0.004) and role emotional (77.1 vs. 88.1, p = 0.014), than the siblings. Further, they reported significantly lower general health (69.6 vs. 75.8), vitality (56.9 vs. 68.8), social functioning (84.5 vs. 88.6), role emotional (77.1 vs. 85.7) and mental health (71.3 vs. 80.9) compared with Swedish norms. Both YA ALL survivors and the siblings reported lower vitality and worse mental health than the general population. The HRQoL parameters, depression, stress and anxiety were all associated with both self-efficacy and social support among the YA ALL survivors. Among the siblings however, only general health, vitality, role emotional, mental health and depression were associated with social support, and only general health and mental health were associated with general self-efficacy. Conclusion The results from this study show that buffering factors, like social support and self-efficacy, may play an important role for psychosocial outcomes and HRQoL among YA ALL survivors later in life. The results suggest that this group could benefit from continuous support in adult life to handle consequences of their pediatric disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Aili
- School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden. .,Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Susann Arvidsson
- School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Jens M Nygren
- School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden
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Unmet Need for Medical Care: The Role of Mental Health Status. Community Ment Health J 2021; 57:121-127. [PMID: 32303934 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-020-00613-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Mental health status is an important factor to consider when exploring correlates of unmet need for medical care and prescription drugs. This paper explores whether self-rated mental health status is associated with unmet need and delays in obtaining medical care and prescription drugs. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression with 27,305 non-institutionalized adults aged 18 and older from the 2012 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey explore factors associated with self-reported unmet need for medical care and prescriptions, as well as access delays. Patients with lower physical and mental health status had the highest odds of experiencing unmet need for medical care and prescriptions, as well as access delays. These findings highlight the importance of increasing access to a usual source of care among individuals with lower self-rated mental health status as a strategy for addressing unmet need.
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Garneau-Fournier J, McBain S, Turchik JA. Factors Associated with Sexual Satisfaction among Veterans Who Have Experienced Military Sexual Trauma. JOURNAL OF SEX & MARITAL THERAPY 2020; 46:721-735. [PMID: 32847446 DOI: 10.1080/0092623x.2020.1808548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Veterans who have experienced military sexual trauma (MST) report lower sexual satisfaction than veterans without a history of MST. The current study examined the relationship between demographic, physical health, mental health, and trauma variables and sexual satisfaction among a national sample of U.S. veterans who endorsed MST. Results demonstrated that lower sexual satisfaction was associated with uncoupled relationship status, poor physical health, and symptoms of depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, and sexual dysfunction among male and female veterans. Several additional factors were related to lower sexual satisfaction among female veterans. Findings highlight the importance of gender-targeted assessment, prevention, and treatment of sexual satisfaction problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jade Garneau-Fournier
- Pacific Graduate School of Psychology at Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Center for Innovation to Implementation, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Sacha McBain
- Pacific Graduate School of Psychology at Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Center for Innovation to Implementation, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park, CA, USA
- Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, North Little Rock, AR, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Jessica A Turchik
- Center for Innovation to Implementation, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park, CA, USA
- National Center for PTSD, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park, CA, USA
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Adverse Childhood Experiences and Health Indicators in a Young Adult, College Student Sample: Differences by Gender. Int J Behav Med 2020; 27:660-667. [DOI: 10.1007/s12529-020-09913-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Chen MY, Liu Y, Zumbo BD. A Propensity Score Method for Investigating Differential Item Functioning in Performance Assessment. EDUCATIONAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL MEASUREMENT 2020; 80:476-498. [PMID: 32425216 PMCID: PMC7221496 DOI: 10.1177/0013164419878861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This study introduces a novel differential item functioning (DIF) method based on propensity score matching that tackles two challenges in analyzing performance assessment data, that is, continuous task scores and lack of a reliable internal variable as a proxy for ability or aptitude. The proposed DIF method consists of two main stages. First, propensity score matching is used to eliminate preexisting group differences before the test, ideally creating equivalent groups as in a randomized experimental study. Then, linear mixed effects models are adopted to perform DIF analysis based on the matched data set. We demonstrate this propensity DIF method using a high-stakes functional English language proficiency test. DIF due to education was investigated in the writing component, which consists of two continuously scored performance-based tasks. Although the proposed method is demonstrated in the context of language testing, it can be applied to other types of performance assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Y. Chen
- Paragon Testing Enterprises, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yan Liu
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Bruno D. Zumbo
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Modica CA. The Associations Between Instagram Use, Selfie Activities, Appearance Comparison, and Body Dissatisfaction in Adult Men. CYBERPSYCHOLOGY BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL NETWORKING 2020; 23:90-99. [DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2019.0434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Lines LM, Cohen J, Halpern MT, Smith AW, Kent EE. Care experiences among dually enrolled older adults with cancer: SEER-CAHPS, 2005-2013. Cancer Causes Control 2019; 30:1137-1144. [PMID: 31422490 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-019-01218-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Given the associations between poverty and poorer outcomes among older adults with cancer, we sought to understand the effects of dual enrollment in Medicare and Medicaid-as a marker of poverty-on self-reported care experiences among seniors diagnosed with cancer. METHODS Retrospective, observational study using cancer registry, Medicare claims, and care experience survey data (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results [SEER]-Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems [CAHPS®]) for a national sample of fee-for-service (FFS) and Medicare Advantage (MA) enrollees aged 65 or older. We included people with one incident primary, malignant cancer diagnosed between 2005 and 2011, surveyed within 2 years after diagnosis (n = 9,800; 995 dual enrollees). Medicare CAHPS measures included 5 global ratings and 3 composite scores. RESULTS After adjustment for potential confounders, people with cancer histories who were dually enrolled were significantly more likely to report better experiences than non-duals on 2 measures (Medicare/their health plan: adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.68, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.53-0.87; prescription drug plan [PDP]: aOR: 0.54, 95% CI 0.40-0.73). CONCLUSIONS Dual enrollees with cancer reported better experiences than Medicare-only enrollees in terms of their health plan (Medicare FFS or Medicare Advantage) and their PDP. Better ratings among dually enrolled beneficiaries suggest possible divergence between health outcomes and care experiences, warranting additional investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Lines
- RTI International, 307 Waverley Oaks Rd, Suite 101, Waltham, MA, 02452, USA. .,University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Ave. North, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA.
| | - Julia Cohen
- RTI International, 307 Waverley Oaks Rd, Suite 101, Waltham, MA, 02452, USA
| | - Michael T Halpern
- Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr., Room 3E4342, Bethesda, MD, 20892-9762, USA
| | - Ashley Wilder Smith
- Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr., Room 3E4342, Bethesda, MD, 20892-9762, USA
| | - Erin E Kent
- Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill, 135 Dauer Dr., Chapel Hill, NC, 27559, USA
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Extracurricular activity profiles and wellbeing in middle childhood: A population-level study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218488. [PMID: 31291278 PMCID: PMC6619656 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined profiles of participation in extracurricular activities (ECAs) in 4th grade children (N = 27,121; Mean age = 9.20 years; SD = .54; 51% male) in British Columbia, Canada. Latent class analyses were used to establish activity profiles and determine class membership; ANCOVA was used to investigate differences in mental wellbeing (optimism, life satisfaction, self-concept) and perceived overall health between groups. Data came from a cross-sectional, population-level child self-report survey (i.e., the Middle Years Development Instrument) implemented with 4th grade children in public schools. We found four distinct ECA profiles: participation in "All Activities", "No activities", "Sports" (i.e., individual and team sports), and "Individual activities" (i.e., educational programs, arts/music, individual sports). Wellbeing and health scores were highest for children in the "All Activities" and the "Sports" clusters, and lowest for those in "No Activities" and the cluster reflecting individual activities (i.e., "Individual activities"). Results are discussed in the context of previous research, and with respect to practical relevance.
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Valleley RJ, Leja A, Clarke B, Grennan A, Burt J, Menousek K, Chadwell M, Sjuts T, Gathje R, Kupzyk K, Hembree K. Promoting Earlier Access to Pediatric Behavioral Health Services with Colocated Care. J Dev Behav Pediatr 2019; 40:240-248. [PMID: 30908426 DOI: 10.1097/dbp.0000000000000662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine whether youth access behavioral health (BH) care earlier (i.e., when problems are less severe) when receiving services in colocated pediatric primary care clinics. METHODS Six primary care clinics in the Midwest with a colocated BH provider participated in this study. Data on number of sessions attended/not attended with the BH provider, BH symptom severity as measured by the Child Behavior Checklist, parent report of length of presenting problem, and improvement ratings were collected and compared for on-site referrals and off-site referrals. Descriptive, independent sample t tests and regression analyses compared those referred from on-site physicians versus off-site referral sources. RESULTS Results demonstrated that youth receiving BH services at their primary care physician's office accessed services when problems were less severe and had been impacting their functioning for a shorter duration. CONCLUSION This study is among the first to explore whether youth receiving BH services in primary care are accessing those services earlier than those who are referred from outside sources, resulting in improved patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel J Valleley
- Munroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Ashley Leja
- Munroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Brandy Clarke
- Munroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Allison Grennan
- Munroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Jennifer Burt
- Munroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Kathryn Menousek
- Munroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Mindy Chadwell
- Munroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Tara Sjuts
- Munroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | | | | | - Kristen Hembree
- Munroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
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Hudson NW, Lucas RE, Donnellan MB. Healthier and Happier? A 3-Year Longitudinal Investigation of the Prospective Associations and Concurrent Changes in Health and Experiential Well-Being. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN 2019; 45:1635-1650. [PMID: 30975027 DOI: 10.1177/0146167219838547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Global well-being is positively correlated with health. Moreover, studies suggest that health and global well-being predict changes in one another across time. Fewer studies, however, have examined the extent to which health is associated with daily emotional experiences-especially longitudinally. The present study examined the longitudinal associations between health and both global and experiential well-being, assessed 4 times across 3 years. Moreover, we used advanced analyses-random-intercept cross-lag models-which address limitations of traditional cross-lag models. Results revealed health and well-being generally did not prospectively predict changes in one another across 1 year. In contrast, year-to-year changes in health were correlated with simultaneous changes in well-being-with effect sizes being largest for global well-being. These findings suggest that health and well-being change together in processes that unfold relatively quickly. Finally, using traditional cross-lag models, numerous potentially illusory prospective associations between health and well-being emerged, underscoring the importance of using appropriate longitudinal statistical models.
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Khan SS, Garnett N, Hult Khazaie D, Liu JH, Gil de Zúñiga H. Opium of the people? National identification predicts well-being over time. Br J Psychol 2019; 111:200-214. [PMID: 30945264 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Social group membership and its social-relational corollaries, for example, social contact, trust, and support, are prophylactic for health. Research has tended to focus on how direct social interactions between members of small-scale groups (i.e., a local sports team or community group) are conducive to positive health outcomes. The current study provides evidence from a longitudinal cross-cultural sample (N = 6,748; 18 countries/societies) that the prophylactic effect of group membership is not isolated to small-scale groups, and that members of groups do not have to directly interact, or in fact know of each other to benefit from membership. Our longitudinal analyses suggest that national identification (strength of association with the country/society of which one is a citizen) predicts lower anxiety and improved health; national identification was in fact almost as positively predictive of health status as anxiety was negatively predictive. The findings indicate that identification with large-scale groups, like small-scale groups, is palliative, and are discussed in terms of globalization and banal nationalism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sammyh S Khan
- School of Psychology, University of Keele, Staffordshire, UK
| | | | | | - James H Liu
- School of Psychology, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Homero Gil de Zúñiga
- Media Innovation Lab, Department of Communication, University of Vienna, Austria.,Facultad de Comunicación y Letras, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile
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