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Yang LL, Wang B, Shen J, Wang GR. Comparative morphology and plant volatile responses of antennal sensilla in Cinara cedri (Hemiptera: Lachninae), Eriosoma lanigerum (Hemiptera: Eriosomatinae), and Therioaphis trifolii (Hemiptera: Calaphidinae). Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1162349. [PMID: 37180945 PMCID: PMC10172507 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1162349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Olfaction is important for mediating aphid behaviors and is involved in host location and mating. Antennal primary rhinaria play a key role in the chemoreception of aphids. The function of the peripheral olfactory system in the subfamily Aphidinae has been intensively studied, but little is known about other subfamilies of Aphididae. Therefore, three aphid species were selected to study the olfactory reception of plant volatiles: Cinara cedri (Lachninae), Eriosoma lanigerum (Eriosomatinae), and Therioaphis trifolii (Calaphidinae). In this study, the morphology and distribution of the antennal sensilla of apterous adults were observed by scanning electron microscopy. Three morphological types were identified (placoid sensilla, coeloconic sensilla, and trichoid sensilla); the first two were distributed on the antennal primary rhinaria. A pattern of primary rhinaria in C. cedri was found that differed from that of E. lanigerum and T. trifolii and consists of 1 large placoid sensillum (LP) on the 4th segment, 2 LPs on the 5th segment, and a group of sensilla on the 6th antennal segments. Later, we recorded and compared neuronal responses of the distinct placoid sensilla in the primary rhinaria of the three aphid species to 18 plant volatiles using a single sensillum recording (SSR) technique. The results indicated that the functional profiles based on the tested odorants of the primary rhinaria of the three investigated aphid species were clustered into three classes, and exhibited excitatory responses to certain types of odorants, especially terpenes. In C. cedri, the ORNs in LP6 exhibited the highest responses to (±)-citronellal across all tested chemicals, and showed greater sensitivity to (±)-citronellal than to (+)-limonene. ORNs in LP5 were partially responsive to α-pinene and (-)-β-pinene in a dose-dependent manner. Across different species, E. lanigerum showed significantly stronger neuronal responses of LP5 to several terpenes, such as (-)-linalool and α-terpineol, compared to other species. In T. trifolii, the neuronal activities in LP6 showed a greater response to methyl salicylate as compared to LP5. Overall, our results preliminarily illustrate the functional divergence of ORNs in the primary rhinaria of aphids from three subfamilies of Aphididae and provide a basis for better understanding the mechanism of olfactory recognition in aphids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Lu Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Entomology and Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) Key Laboratory for Monitory and Green Control of Crop Pest, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Bing Wang
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Entomology and Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) Key Laboratory for Monitory and Green Control of Crop Pest, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Gui-Rong Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Gui-Rong Wang
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Caselli A, Favaro R, Petacchi R, Angeli S. Infestation of the gall midge Dasineura oleae provides first evidence of induced plant volatiles in olive leaves. BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2022; 112:481-493. [PMID: 34930508 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485321001000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we present the first characterization of herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) released from infested olive leaves. The gall midge Dasineura oleae is a specific pest of Olea europaea and endemic of the Mediterranean Basin, an area in which severe outbreaks currently occurred. Little is known about the damage caused by the pest and the relationship with its host. Since gall formation and larval feeding activity may lead to the release of specific plant volatile compounds, we investigated the volatile profiles emitted from infested plants compared with healthy plants under both laboratory and field conditions. Additionally, the volatiles emitted from mechanically damaged plants were considered. A blend of 12 volatiles was emitted from olive trees infested by D. oleae. Of these, β-copaene, β-ocimene, cosmene, unknown 1 and unknown 3 were found to be exclusively emitted in infested plants. The emission of germacrene-D, (E,E)-α-farnesene, and (Z,E)-α-farnesene, α-copaene, (E)-4,8-dimethylnona-1,3,7-triene, (E)-β-guaiene and heptadecane significantly increased in infested trees. Linalool, β-copaen-4-α-ol, β-bourbonene, β-cubebene, β-elemene, β-copaene and δ-amorphene were found only in the field trial and showed differences depending on the level of infestation and the plant stage. (Z)-3-Hexenol, (E)-4-oxohen-2-enal, and 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)-ethanol, were exclusively emitted from the leaves after mechanical damage. In a field trial in Italy, we also demonstrated spring synchronization between adults of D. oleae and O. europaea trees. Analyses of morphoanatomical malformations of gall leaves showed that tissue alterations occur at the spongy parenchyma causing an increase of the leaf blade thickness. We speculate that tissue alterations may lead to HIPV release, in turn potentially attracting D. oleae natural enemies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Caselli
- BioLabs, Institute of Life Science, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Riccardo Favaro
- BioLabs, Institute of Life Science, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Piazza Università 1, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Ruggero Petacchi
- BioLabs, Institute of Life Science, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Sergio Angeli
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Piazza Università 1, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
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Favaro R, Roved J, Haase A, Angeli S. Impact of Chronic Exposure to Two Neonicotinoids on Honey Bee Antennal Responses to Flower Volatiles and Pheromonal Compounds. FRONTIERS IN INSECT SCIENCE 2022; 2:821145. [PMID: 38468759 PMCID: PMC10926470 DOI: 10.3389/finsc.2022.821145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Volatile compounds provide important olfactory cues for honey bees (Apis mellifera L.), which are essential for their ecology, behavior, and social communication. In the external environment bees locate food sources by the use of floral scents, while inside the hive, pheromones such as the queen mandibular pheromone (QMP) and alarm pheromones serve important functions in regulating colony life and inducing aggressive responses against intruders and parasites. Widely reported alterations of various behaviors in- and outside the hive following exposure to pesticides could therefore be associated with a disturbance of odor sensitivity. In the present study, we tested the effects of neonicotinoid pesticides at field concentrations on the ability of honey bees to perceive volatiles at the very periphery of the olfactory system. Bee colonies were subjected to treatments during the summer with either Imidacloprid or Thiacloprid at sublethal concentrations. Antennal responses to apple (Malus domestica L.) flower volatiles were studied by GC-coupled electro-antennographic detection (GC-EAD), and a range of volatiles, a substitute of the QMP, and the alarm pheromone 2-heptanone were tested by electroantennography (EAG). Short-term and long-term effects of the neonicotinoid treatments were investigated on bees collected in the autumn and again in the following spring. Treatment with Thiacloprid induced changes in antennal responses to specific flower VOCs, with differing short- and long-term effects. In the short term, increased antennal responses were observed for benzyl-alcohol and 1-hexanol, which are common flower volatiles but also constituents of the honey bee sting gland secretions. The treatment with Thiacloprid also affected antennal responses to the QMP and the mandibular alarm pheromone 2-heptanone. In the short term, a faster signal degeneration of the response signal to the positive control citral was recorded in the antennae of bees exposed to Thiacloprid or Imidacloprid. Finally, we observed season-related differences in the antennal responses to multiple VOCs. Altogether, our results suggest that volatile-specific alterations of antennal responses may contribute to explaining several behavioral changes previously observed in neonicotinoid-exposed bees. Treatment effects were generally more prominent in the short term, suggesting that adverse effects of neonicotinoid exposure may not persist across generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Favaro
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Jacob Roved
- Section for Evolutionary Genomics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Albrecht Haase
- Center for Mind/Brain Science (CIMeC), University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy
- Department of Physics, University of Trento, Povo, Italy
| | - Sergio Angeli
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
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Species-Specific Induction of Plant Volatiles by Two Aphid Species in Apple: Real Time Measurement of Plant Emission and Attraction of Lacewings in the Wind Tunnel. J Chem Ecol 2021; 47:653-663. [PMID: 34196858 PMCID: PMC8346424 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-021-01288-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/30/2022]
Abstract
Upon damage by herbivores, plants release herbivory-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs). To find their prey, the pest's natural enemies need to be fine-tuned to the composition of these volatiles. Whereas standard methods can be used in the identification and quantitation of HIPVs, more recently introduced techniques such as PTR-ToF-MS provide temporal patterns of the volatile release and detect additional compounds. In this study, we compared the volatile profile of apple trees infested with two aphid species, the green apple aphid Aphis pomi, and the rosy apple aphid Dysaphis plantaginea, by CLSA-GC-MS complemented by PTR-ToF-MS. Compounds commonly released in conjunction with both species include nonanal, decanal, methyl salicylate, geranyl acetone, (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, (Z)-3-hexenyl butanoate, (Z)-3-hexenyl 2-methyl-butanoate, (E)-β-caryophyllene, β-bourbonene and (Z)-3-hexenyl benzoate. In addition, benzaldehyde and (E)-β-farnesene were exclusively associated with A. pomi, whereas linalool, (E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene were exclusively associated with D. plantaginea. PTR-ToF-MS additionally detected acetic acid (AA) and 2-phenylethanol (PET) in the blends of both trees attacked by aphid species. In the wind tunnel, the aphid predator, Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens), responded strongly to a blend of AA and PET, much stronger than to AA or PET alone. The addition of common and species-specific HIPVs did not increase the response to the binary blend of AA and PET. In our setup, two host-associated volatiles AA + PET appeared sufficient in the attraction of C. carnea. Our results also show the importance of combining complementary methods to decipher the odor profile associated with plants under pest attack and identify behaviourally active components for predators.
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Ye M, Liu M, Erb M, Glauser G, Zhang J, Li X, Sun X. Indole primes defence signalling and increases herbivore resistance in tea plants. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2021; 44:1165-1177. [PMID: 32996129 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Upon herbivore attack, plants emit herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs). HIPVs can prime defences and resistance of intact plants. However, how HIPVs are decoded and translated into functional defence responses is not well understood, especially in long-lived woody plants. Here, we investigated the impact of the aromatic HIPV indole on defence-related early signalling, phytohormone accumulation, secondary metabolite biosynthesis and herbivore resistance in tea plants. We find that tea plants infested with tea geometrid caterpillars release indole at concentrations >450 ng*hr-1 . Exposure to corresponding doses of synthetic indole primes the expression of early defence genes involved in calcium (Ca2+ ) signalling, MPK signalling and jasmonate biosynthesis. Indole exposure also primes the production of jasmonates and defence-related secondary metabolites. These changes are associated with higher herbivore resistance of indole-exposed tea plants. Chemical inhibition of Ca2+ and jasmonate signalling provides evidence that both are required for indole-mediated defence priming and herbivore resistance. Our systematic assessment of the impact of indole on defence signalling and deployment shows that indole acts by boosting Ca2+ signalling, resulting in enhanced jasmonate-dependent defence and resistance in a woody plant. Our work extends the molecular basis of HIPV-induced defence priming from annual plants to an economically important tree species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Ye
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Miaomiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Matthias Erb
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Gaétan Glauser
- Neuchâtel Platform of Analytical Chemistry, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Jin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiwang Li
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoling Sun
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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Kazama H, Oohata Y, Takanashi T, Tokoro M, Ishiguri Y, Mori N, Yoshinaga N. Inhibitory substances contained in calcium carbonate wettable powder on the oviposition of the peach fruit moth, Carposina sasakii. JOURNAL OF PESTICIDE SCIENCE 2020; 45:16-23. [PMID: 32110159 PMCID: PMC7024747 DOI: 10.1584/jpestics.d19-066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Spraying a calcium carbonate suspension "White Coat" on the fruit of apples significantly suppresses the oviposition of the peach fruit moth, Carposina sasakii. In gas chromatography (GC) with an electroantennographic detector analysis, adult female antennae showed responses to three compounds that were identified as 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate (TXIB) and its two mono-hydrolyzed analogs, texanols (1- and 3-isobutyrates), all added as a plasticizer to the agents. An oviposition-choice test using adult moths revealed that TXIB has clear deterrent properties when applied to young apple fruits. Video recording analysis showed that female moths spent longer on self-grooming and searching around TXIB-treated fruits. In the same assay, pure calcium carbonate treatment prevented the moths from climbing up or landing on the fruits, while such was not the case with White Coat-treated fruits. TXIB, an adjuvant aimed to provide rain/wind resistance, weakened the slipperiness of the calcium carbonate coating but, coincidentally, maintained the oviposition inhibitory activity of the White Coat by its deterrent odorant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruna Kazama
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606–8502, Japan
| | - Yuuto Oohata
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606–8502, Japan
| | - Takuma Takanashi
- Department of Forest Entomology, Forest Research and Management Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305–8687, Japan
| | - Masahiko Tokoro
- Department of Forest Entomology, Forest Research and Management Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305–8687, Japan
| | - Yoichi Ishiguri
- Apple Research Institute, Aomori Prefectural Industrial Technology Research Center, Kuroishi, Aomori 036–0332, Japan
| | - Naoki Mori
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606–8502, Japan
| | - Naoko Yoshinaga
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606–8502, Japan
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7
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Souleyre EJF, Bowen JK, Matich AJ, Tomes S, Chen X, Hunt MB, Wang MY, Ileperuma NR, Richards K, Rowan DD, Chagné D, Atkinson RG. Genetic control of α-farnesene production in apple fruit and its role in fungal pathogenesis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 100:1148-1162. [PMID: 31436867 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Terpenes are important compounds in plant trophic interactions. A meta-analysis of GC-MS data from a diverse range of apple (Malus × domestica) genotypes revealed that apple fruit produces a range of terpene volatiles, with the predominant terpene being the acyclic branched sesquiterpene (E,E)-α-farnesene. Four quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for α-farnesene production in ripe fruit were identified in a segregating 'Royal Gala' (RG) × 'Granny Smith' (GS) population with one major QTL on linkage group 10 co-locating with the MdAFS1 (α-farnesene synthase-1) gene. Three of the four QTLs were derived from the GS parent, which was consistent with GC-MS analysis of headspace and solvent-extracted terpenes showing that cold-treated GS apples produced higher levels of (E,E)-α-farnesene than RG. Transgenic RG fruit downregulated for MdAFS1 expression produced significantly lower levels of (E,E)-α-farnesene. To evaluate the role of (E,E)-α-farnesene in fungal pathogenesis, MdAFS1 RNA interference transgenic fruit and RG controls were inoculated with three important apple post-harvest pathogens [Colletotrichum acutatum, Penicillium expansum and Neofabraea alba (synonym Phlyctema vagabunda)]. From results obtained over four seasons, we demonstrate that reduced (E,E)-α-farnesene is associated with decreased disease initiation rates of all three pathogens. In each case, the infection rate was significantly reduced 7 days post-inoculation, although the size of successful lesions was comparable with infections on control fruit. These results indicate that (E,E)-α-farnesene production is likely to be an important factor involved in fungal pathogenesis in apple fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwige J F Souleyre
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited (PFR), Private Bag 92169, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Joanna K Bowen
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited (PFR), Private Bag 92169, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Adam J Matich
- PFR, Private Bag 11600, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand
| | - Sumathi Tomes
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited (PFR), Private Bag 92169, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Xiuyin Chen
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited (PFR), Private Bag 92169, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Martin B Hunt
- PFR, Private Bag 11600, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand
| | - Mindy Y Wang
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited (PFR), Private Bag 92169, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Nadeesha R Ileperuma
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited (PFR), Private Bag 92169, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Kate Richards
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited (PFR), Private Bag 92169, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Daryl D Rowan
- PFR, Private Bag 11600, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand
| | - David Chagné
- PFR, Private Bag 11600, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand
| | - Ross G Atkinson
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited (PFR), Private Bag 92169, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
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Bari G, Scala A, Garzone V, Salvia R, Yalcin C, Vernile P, Aresta AM, Facini O, Baraldi R, Bufo SA, Vogel H, de Lillo E, Rapparini F, Falabella P. Chemical Ecology of Capnodis tenebrionis (L.) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae): Behavioral and Biochemical Strategies for Intraspecific and Host Interactions. Front Physiol 2019; 10:604. [PMID: 31191334 PMCID: PMC6545930 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study focuses on several aspects of communication strategies adopted by adults of the Mediterranean flat-headed root-borer Capnodis tenebrionis (Coleoptera: Buprestidae). Morphological studies on the structures involved in mate recognition and acceptance revealed the presence of porous areas in the pronota in both sexes. These areas were variable in shape and size, but proportionally larger in males. The presence of chaetic, basiconic, and coeloconic sensilla in the antennae of both males and females was verified. Bioassays revealed stereotyped rituals in males and the involvement of female pronotal secretions in mate recognition and acceptance. During the mating assays, the female’s pronotum was covered by a biologically inert polymeric resin (DenFilTM), which prevented males from detecting the secretions and from completing the copulation ritual. The use of the resin allowed for the collection of chemical compounds. GC-MS analysis of the resin suggested it may be used to retain compounds from insect body surfaces and revealed sex-specific chemical profiles in the cuticles. Since adult C. tenebrionis may use volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from leaves or shoots, the VOC emission profiles of apricot trees were characterized. Several volatiles related to plant-insect interactions involving fruit tree species of the Rosaceae family and buprestid beetles were identified. To improve understanding of how VOCs are perceived, candidate soluble olfactory proteins involved in chemoreception (odorant-binding proteins and chemosensory proteins) were identified using tissue and sex-specific RNA-seq data. The implications for chemical identification, physiological and ecological functions in intraspecific communication and insect–host interactions are discussed and potential applications for monitoring presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Bari
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Andrea Scala
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
| | - Vita Garzone
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Rosanna Salvia
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
| | - Cem Yalcin
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.,Syngenta, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Pasqua Vernile
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Osvaldo Facini
- Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences, Biometeorology Institute, National Research Council, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rita Baraldi
- Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences, Biometeorology Institute, National Research Council, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sabino A Bufo
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
| | - Heiko Vogel
- Department of Entomology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Enrico de Lillo
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesca Rapparini
- Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences, Biometeorology Institute, National Research Council, Bologna, Italy
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Sharifi R, Ryu CM. Biogenic Volatile Compounds for Plant Disease Diagnosis and Health Improvement. THE PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL 2018; 34:459-469. [PMID: 30588219 PMCID: PMC6305170 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.rw.06.2018.0118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plants and microorganisms (microbes) use information from chemicals such as volatile compounds to understand their environments. Proficiency in sensing and responding to these infochemicals increases an organism's ecological competence and ability to survive in competitive environments, particularly with regard to plant-pathogen interactions. Plants and microbes acquired the ability to sense and respond to biogenic volatiles during their evolutionary history. However, these signals can only be interpreted by humans through the use of state-of the-art technologies. Newly-developed tools allow microbe-induced plant volatiles to be detected in a rapid, precise, and non-invasive manner to diagnose plant diseases. Beside disease diagnosis, volatile compounds may also be valuable in improving crop productivity in sustainable agriculture. Bacterial volatile compounds (BVCs) have potential for use as a novel plant growth stimulant or as improver of fertilizer efficiency. BVCs can also elicit plant innate immunity against insect pests and microbial pathogens. Research is needed to expand our knowledge of BVCs and to produce BVC-based formulations that can be used practically in the field. Formulation possibilities include encapsulation and sol-gel matrices, which can be used in attract and kill formulations, chemigation, and seed priming. Exploitation of biogenic volatiles will facilitate the development of smart integrated plant management systems for disease control and productivity improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rouhallah Sharifi
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah,
Iran
| | - Choong-Min Ryu
- Molecular Phytobacteriology Laboratory, Infectious Disease Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 34141,
Korea
- Biosystem and Bioengineering Program, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
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Tasin M, Larsson Herrera S, Knight AL, Barros-Parada W, Fuentes Contreras E, Pertot I. Volatiles of Grape Inoculated with Microorganisms: Modulation of Grapevine Moth Oviposition and Field Attraction. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2018; 76:751-761. [PMID: 29526022 PMCID: PMC6132500 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-018-1164-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Semiochemicals released by plant-microbe associations are used by herbivorous insects to access and evaluate food resources and oviposition sites. Adult insects may utilize microbial-derived nutrients to prolong their lifespan, promote egg development, and offer a high nutritional substrate to their offspring. Here, we examined the behavioral role of semiochemicals from grape-microbe interactions on oviposition and field attraction of the grapevine moth Lobesia botrana (Denis & Schiffermüller). The volatile constituents released by grape inoculated with yeasts (Hanseniaspora uvarum (Niehaus), Metschnikowia pulcherrima (Pitt.) M.W. Miller, Pichia anomala, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Meyen ex E.C. Hansen, and Zygosaccharomyces rouxii (Boutroux) Yarrow), sour rot bacteria (Acetobacter aceti (Pasteur) Beijerinck and Gluconobacter oxydans (Henneberg) De Ley), and a fungal pathogen (Botrytis cinerea Pers.) all endemic of the vineyard were sampled by solid-phase microextraction and analyzed by gas-chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Ethanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, and ethyl acetate were the most common volatiles released from all microbe-inoculated grapes. In addition, acetic acid was released at a substantial amount following bacteria inoculation and in a three-way inoculation with yeasts and the fungus. 2-phenylethanol, a compound reported to attract tortricid moths when used in combination with acetic acid, was found at a relatively low level in all microbial combinations as well as in the control grape. While grapes inoculated with a consortium of yeasts stimulated oviposition in comparison with uninoculated berries, the phytopathogenic fungus deterred egg-laying. Nonetheless, the highest preference to lay eggs was measured when the yeasts were co-inoculated with the fungus. The lowest preference was obtained when grapes were inoculated with sour rot bacteria and their binary co-inoculation with yeasts and the fungus. Interestingly, oviposition on berries simultaneously inoculated with all the three microbial groups was unaffected. Lures loaded with either acetic acid or 2-phenylethanol were not attractive when placed in traps as single component in vineyards, but a binary blend attracted both sexes of grapevine moth in significant numbers. Further addition of the three most common volatiles released by infected berries (ethanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, and ethyl acetate) did not significantly increase moth catch with this binary blend. The ecological implications of the grape-microorganism and grapevine moth interaction as well as the possibility to develop a pest monitoring system based on microbial volatiles are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Tasin
- Integrated Plant Protection Unit, Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Science, 23053, Alnarp, Sweden.
- Department of Sustainable Agro-Ecosystems and Bioresources, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), San Michele all'Adige, Italy.
| | - Sebastian Larsson Herrera
- Integrated Plant Protection Unit, Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Science, 23053, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Alan L Knight
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd, Wapato, WA, 98951, USA
| | - Wilson Barros-Parada
- Millennium Nucleus Center in Molecular Ecology and Evolutionary Applications in the Agroecosystems (CEM), Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 747, Talca, Chile
- Escuela de Agronomìa, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y de los Alimentos, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Casilla 4-D, Quillota, Chile
| | - Eduardo Fuentes Contreras
- Millennium Nucleus Center in Molecular Ecology and Evolutionary Applications in the Agroecosystems (CEM), Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 747, Talca, Chile
| | - Ilaria Pertot
- Department of Sustainable Agro-Ecosystems and Bioresources, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), San Michele all'Adige, Italy
- Center Agriculture Food Environment (C3A), University of Trento, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
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11
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Salvagnin U, Malnoy M, Thöming G, Tasin M, Carlin S, Martens S, Vrhovsek U, Angeli S, Anfora G. Adjusting the scent ratio: using genetically modified Vitis vinifera plants to manipulate European grapevine moth behaviour. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2018; 16:264-271. [PMID: 28574666 PMCID: PMC5785346 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Herbivorous insects use olfactory cues to locate their host plant within a complex olfactory landscape. One such example is the European grapevine moth Lobesia botrana, a key pest of the grape in the Palearctic region, which recently expanded both its geographical and host plant range. Previous studies have showed that a synthetic blend of the three terpenoids, (E)-β-caryophyllene, (E)-β-farnesene and (E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene (DMNT), was as attractive for the moth as the complete grape odour profile in laboratory conditions. The same studies also showed that the specific ratio of these compounds in the grape bouquet was crucial because a percentage variation in any of the three volatiles resulted in almost complete inhibition of the blend's attractiveness. Here, we report on the creation of stable grapevine transgenic lines, with modified (E)-β-caryophyllene and (E)-β-farnesene emission and thus with an altered ratio compared to the original plants. When headspace collections from these plants were tested in wind tunnel behavioural assays, they were less attractive than control extracts. This result was confirmed by testing synthetic blends imitating the ratio found on natural and transformed plants, as well as by testing the plants themselves. With this evidence, we suggest that a strategy based on volatile ratio modification may also interfere with the host-finding behaviour of L. botrana in the field, creating avenues for new pest control methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umberto Salvagnin
- Faculty of Science and TechnologyFree University of Bozen‐BolzanoBolzanoItaly
- Research and Innovation CentreFondazione Edmund MachS. Michele all'Adige (TN)Italy
| | - Mickael Malnoy
- Research and Innovation CentreFondazione Edmund MachS. Michele all'Adige (TN)Italy
| | - Gunda Thöming
- Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, NIBIOÅsNorway
| | - Marco Tasin
- Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, NIBIOÅsNorway
- Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesAlnarpSweden
| | - Silvia Carlin
- Research and Innovation CentreFondazione Edmund MachS. Michele all'Adige (TN)Italy
| | - Stefan Martens
- Research and Innovation CentreFondazione Edmund MachS. Michele all'Adige (TN)Italy
| | - Urska Vrhovsek
- Research and Innovation CentreFondazione Edmund MachS. Michele all'Adige (TN)Italy
| | - Sergio Angeli
- Faculty of Science and TechnologyFree University of Bozen‐BolzanoBolzanoItaly
| | - Gianfranco Anfora
- Research and Innovation CentreFondazione Edmund MachS. Michele all'Adige (TN)Italy
- Center Agriculture Food Environment (CAFE)University of TrentoS. Michele all'Adige (TN)Italy
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12
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Giacomuzzi V, Mattheis JP, Basoalto E, Angeli S, Knight AL. Survey of conspecific herbivore-induced volatiles from apple as possible attractants for Pandemis pyrusana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2017; 73:1837-1845. [PMID: 28195388 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies were conducted to identify volatiles released by apple foliage untreated or sprayed with a yeast and from untreated and sprayed foliage with actively feeding larvae of Pandemis pyrusana Kearfott. Field studies then evaluated various combinations of these volatiles when paired with acetic acid as possible adult attractants. RESULTS The most abundant volatiles released following herbivore feeding were four green leaf volatiles (GLVs) and acetic acid. Nineteen volatiles were found to be released in significantly higher amounts from foliage with herbivore damage than from intact leaves. The combination of yeast followed by herbivore injury increased the levels of methyl salicylate and phenylacetonitrile compared with herbivory alone. Levels of acetic acid released were not significantly different among the four treatments. Only phenylacetonitrile and 2-phenylethanol with acetic acid caught similar and significantly more total and female moths than acetic acid alone. Moth catches with 12 other volatiles plus acetic acid were not significantly higher than with acetic acid alone, and were lower than with acetic acid and 2-phenylethanol. CONCLUSION These data show that herbivore injury does not create a unique chemical signal for adults to locate oviposition or rendezvous sites. Instead, moths may cue to the aromatic-acetic acid combination as a nutritional cue to locate sugary resources. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentino Giacomuzzi
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | - James P Mattheis
- Tree Fruit Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Wenatchee, WA, USA
| | - Esteban Basoalto
- Instituto de Producción y Sanidad Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Sergio Angeli
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Alan L Knight
- Yakima Agricultural Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Wapato, WA, USA
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13
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Li S, Harley PC, Niinemets Ü. Ozone-induced foliar damage and release of stress volatiles is highly dependent on stomatal openness and priming by low-level ozone exposure in Phaseolus vulgaris. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2017; 40:1984-2003. [PMID: 28623868 PMCID: PMC5788268 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Acute ozone exposure triggers major emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), but quantitatively, it is unclear how different ozone doses alter the start and the total amount of these emissions, and the induction rate of different stress volatiles. It is also unclear whether priming (i.e. pre-exposure to lower O3 concentrations) can modify the magnitude and kinetics of volatile emissions. We investigated photosynthetic characteristics and VOC emissions in Phaseolus vulgaris following acute ozone exposure (600 nmol mol-1 for 30 min) under illumination and in darkness and after priming with 200 nmol mol-1 O3 for 30 min. Methanol and lipoxygenase (LOX) pathway product emissions were induced rapidly, followed by moderate emissions of methyl salicylate (MeSA). Stomatal conductance prior to acute exposure was lower in darkness and after low O3 priming than in light and without priming. After low O3 priming, no MeSA and lower LOX emissions were detected under acute exposure. Overall, maximum emission rates and the total amount of emitted LOX products and methanol were quantitatively correlated with total stomatal ozone uptake. These results indicate that different stress volatiles scale differently with ozone dose and highlight the key role of stomatal conductance in controlling ozone uptake, leaf injury and volatile release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Li
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, 51014, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Peter C Harley
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, 51014, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ülo Niinemets
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, 51014, Tartu, Estonia
- Estonian Academy of Sciences, Kohtu 6, 10130, Tallinn, Estonia
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14
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Giacomuzzi V, Cappellin L, Nones S, Khomenko I, Biasioli F, Knight AL, Angeli S. Diel rhythms in the volatile emission of apple and grape foliage. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2017; 138:104-115. [PMID: 28291597 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the diel emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from intact apple (Malus x domestica Borkh., cv. Golden Delicious) and grape (Vitis vinifera L., cv. Pinot Noir) foliage. Volatiles were monitored continuously for 48 h by proton transfer reaction - time of flight - mass spectrometry (PTR-ToF-MS). In addition, volatiles were collected by closed-loop-stripping-analysis (CLSA) and characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) after 1 h and again 24 and 48 h later. Fourteen and ten volatiles were characterized by GC-MS in apple and grape, respectively. The majority of these were terpenes, followed by green leaf volatiles, and aromatic compounds. The PTR-ToF-MS identified 10 additional compounds and established their diel emission rhythms. The most abundant volatiles displaying a diel rhythm included methanol and dimethyl sulfide in both plants, acetone in grape, and mono-, homo- and sesquiterpenes in apple. The majority of volatiles were released from both plants during the photophase; whereas methanol, CO2, methyl-butenol and benzeneacetaldehyde were released at significantly higher levels during the scotophase. Acetaldehyde, ethanol, and some green leaf volatiles showed distinct emission bursts in both plants following the daily light switch-off. These new results obtained with a combined analytical approach broaden our understanding of the rhythms of constitutive volatile release from two important horticultural crops. In particular, diel emission of sulfur and nitrogen-containing volatiles are reported here for the first time in these two crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentino Giacomuzzi
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Piazza Università 5, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Luca Cappellin
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), Via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all'Adige, Italy; School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, 02138 Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stefano Nones
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Piazza Università 5, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Iuliia Khomenko
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), Via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Franco Biasioli
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), Via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Alan L Knight
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd, 98951 Wapato, Washington, USA
| | - Sergio Angeli
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Piazza Università 5, 39100 Bolzano, Italy.
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