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Park TK, Liew HP, Lee H. The potential influences of COVID-19 and social vulnerability measures on child maltreatment in the United States: Spatial temporal cluster analysis and negative binomial regression. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2024; 157:107082. [PMID: 39396396 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.107082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2024] [Accepted: 10/01/2024] [Indexed: 10/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although existing research has reported the impacts of COVID-19 on child abuse and neglect (CAN), little attention was paid to the relationship between spatial patterns in the trends of COVID-19 cases and their effects on the prevalence of CAN cases. OBJECTIVE This study examined the associations between trends of confirmed cases of COVID-19 and child removal due to physical abuse and neglect at the county level in the U.S while taking the social vulnerability into account. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING This study utilized three secondary data sets nationally collected. METHODS Spatial-temporal cluster analysis was used to classify and assign trends in confirmed cases of COVID-19 into their distinctive clusters. These spatial-temporal clusters were then used as independent variables in the negative binomial regression (NBR) models. RESULTS Average cases of physical abuse and neglect increased as the growth rates of confirmed cases of COVID-19 were accelerated except for the counties assigned to the cluster characterized by moderately low increase and very high increases. NBR found social vulnerability measures have no effects on child removal due to physical abuse and neglect after controlling spatial-temporal clusters of the confirmed cases of COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates that concentration of disaster has certain effects on child maltreatment. This suggests that child welfare pay special attention to the areas that undergo steep increases in confirmed cases under public health crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Kyung Park
- Department of Social Work, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO 80918, United States of America.
| | - Hui-Peng Liew
- Department of Sociology, University of Nebraska Kearney, Kearney, NE 68849, United States of America.
| | - Hyunji Lee
- Department of Social Welfare, Institute of Social Welfare, Kongju National University, Kongju-si 32588, South Korea.
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Xu Y, Parkin JA, Cunningham N. The impact of COVID-19 on clinical forensic medicine and forensic psychiatry: A literature review. MEDICINE, SCIENCE, AND THE LAW 2024; 64:319-328. [PMID: 38347724 DOI: 10.1177/00258024241229830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
Purpose:The COVID-19 pandemic prompted significant challenges in clinical forensic medicine and forensic psychiatry and emphasised the need for sustainable service delivery. Both fields faced difficulties in maintaining services due to COVID-19 precautions and limited referrals. This review examined the changes in forensic practices, aiming to understand their impact and learn from them to inform future strategies. Methods: A search was conducted across Ovid Medline, Ovid Embase, Ovid Emcare and PubMed, and webpages of governments and other organisations. Studies were included if they assessed any change that occurred in clinical forensic medicine or forensic psychiatry during the pandemic. A narrative review with a systematic approach was undertaken. Results: A total of 27 articles were included. There was a notable decrease in the volume of forensic assessments in early 2020. The numbers gradually rebounded with the easing of restrictions yet have not fully returned to pre COVID-19 levels. Telemedicine and COVID-19 precautions were widely incorporated into forensic services, which were seen to disrupt the patient-doctor dynamics, restrict the setting of examinations and complicate work processes and sample handling steps. Conclusion: This is the first review that describes the pandemic-driven changes in clinical forensic medicine and forensic psychiatry in respect of case trends and incorporation of COVID-19 precautions. The pandemic emphasised the need for adaptability and adoption of new assessment approaches in forensic services. Technology, like telemedicine, emerged as a valuable tool, enhancing accessibility for individuals in remote or high-risk areas. It is necessary to review the changes and re-evaluate their impacts in the post COVID-19 era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangqi Xu
- Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jo Ann Parkin
- Department of Clinical Forensic Medicine, Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicola Cunningham
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Emergency Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
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Atay N, Bolacali ET, Dere S. Examination of parents' sensitivity levels to violence against children during the COVID-19: A post-pandemic evaluation. J Pediatr Nurs 2024; 78:e464-e470. [PMID: 39153921 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2024.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate parents' thoughts, and sensitivity levels about violence against children during the COVID-19 period after the pandemic. DESIGN AND METHODS The population of this descriptive, cross-sectional, correlational, and multicenter study consisted of parents registered in six family health centers in a city in southern Turkey. Study data were collected between April and November 2023 using information forms that included questions about parents' personal information, and their thoughts about violence against children during the pandemic and the Sensitivity to Violence Against Children Scale and analyzed. RESULTS According to 42.3% of parents, children's exposure to violence increased during the pandemic; 64.7% stated that children experienced emotional violence the most. Parents who thought that there was a decrease in the reports of violence due to school closures, social distancing, and restriction of children's access to health, and social and legal services had higher SVACS mean scores than those who did not think so (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Most of the parents thought that children's exposure to violence increased and reports of violence decreased during the pandemic. In addition, parents' thoughts toward violence against children during the pandemic period were associated with their level of sensitivity to violence against children. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE During the pandemic period, it is important that pediatric nurses, who are in direct contact with children, are in contact with parents and take an active role in the process in the prevention, early detection and reporting of violence against children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisa Atay
- Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nursing Department, Osmaniye, Turkey
| | - Edanur Tar Bolacali
- Kırsehir Ahi Evran University, Vocational School of Health Services, Department of Medical Services and Techniques, First and Emergency Aid Program, Kırsehir, Türkiye.
| | - Sıla Dere
- Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nursing Department, Osmaniye, Turkey
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Pan B, Zhao C, Gong Y, Miao J, Zhang B, Li Y. Parent-Child Relationships: A Shield Against Maternal Depression in the Midst of Household Chaos. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2024; 17:2769-2781. [PMID: 39070069 PMCID: PMC11283830 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s456739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Depression, a severe mental disorder, not only jeopardizes the health of mothers but also significantly negative impacts on families and their children. This study investigates the correlation between household chaos and maternal depression. Methods This study adopted a cross-sectional design and used the Confusion, Hubbub, and Order Scale, Dyadic Adjustment Scale, Parent-Child Relationship Scale, and Beck Depression Inventory to assess 1947 mothers of children in seven kindergartens in Shanghai, China. Results The findings revealed a significant positive correlation between household chaos, marital conflict, and maternal depression. Marital conflict also showed a significantly positively correlated with maternal depression. Marital conflict mediates the relationship between household chaos and maternal depression. Parent-child relationships moderated the direct effect of household chaos on maternal depression. When parent-child relationships were low, household chaos had a greater predictive effect on maternal depression. Conversely, when parent-child relationships were high, the predictive effect of household chaos on maternal depression was reduced. Conclusion This study reveals that parent-child relationships play a protective role in the impact of household chaos on maternal depression. This study significantly contributes to enriching the social support buffering model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baocheng Pan
- Shanghai Institute of Early Childhood Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengli Zhao
- Shanghai Institute of Early Childhood Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yizhao Gong
- Shanghai Institute of Early Childhood Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaxuan Miao
- Shanghai Institute of Early Childhood Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bingda Zhang
- College of Economics and Management, Shanghai Zhongqiao Vocational and Technical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- Shanghai Institute of Early Childhood Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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5
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Wang J, Wang S, Xiao B, Li J, Feng Y, Li Y. Maternal distress, parenting stress, maladaptive parenting and children's problematic media use in China: evidence from 2022 spring in Shanghai. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1857. [PMID: 38992640 PMCID: PMC11238508 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19382-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 lockdown has forced young children to spend more time on media and significantly impacted their mothers' mental health. This study explored how mothers' individual distress influences children's problematic media use during the Shanghai citywide lockdown caused by COVID-19. Data were collected from 1889 Chinese mothers (Mage = 34.69 years, SD = 3.94 years) with preschoolers aged 3-6 years (Mage = 4.38 years, SD = 1.06 years; 49.0% boys) via an online survey. The statistical analyses relied on SPSS Statistics version 26.0 and macro-program PROCESS 3.3. to investigate the associations and mediation analysis among all the study variables. The results indicated a positive association between maternal distress and children's problematic media use, mediated by parenting stress and maladaptive parenting. Specifically, the serial mediation analysis revealed that high levels of maternal distress exacerbate parenting stress, which in turn leads to maladaptive parenting practices. These maladaptive practices subsequently increase problematic media use in preschool children. The findings highlighted that parents need to enhance their ability to manage risk and promote mental health during periods of significant stress and routine disruption to reduce children's problematic media use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyao Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Early Childhood Education, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
| | - Shumin Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Early Childhood Education, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Juan Li
- Shanghai Institute of Early Childhood Education, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuemin Feng
- Shanghai Institute of Early Childhood Education, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Li
- Shanghai Institute of Early Childhood Education, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China.
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6
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McGrane Minton H, Murray L, Allan MJ, Perry R, Bettencourt AF, Gross D, Strano L, Breitenstein SM. Implementation of a Parent Training Program During Community-Based Dissemination (From In-Person to Hybrid): Mixed Methods Evaluation. JMIR Pediatr Parent 2024; 7:e55280. [PMID: 38959504 PMCID: PMC11255538 DOI: 10.2196/55280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parent training interventions support and strengthen parenting practices and parent-child relationships and improve child behavior. Between March 2018 and February 2020, a community-based parenting program conducted 38 in-person Chicago Parent Program (CPP) groups. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, we modified the delivery of the in-person CPP to hybrid delivery using the self-administered, web-based version of the CPP (ezParent) paired with web-based, videoconferenced group sessions. OBJECTIVE This study aims to describe the delivery transition and implementation outcomes of the hybrid delivery of the CPP (ezParent+group) during community-based dissemination. METHODS This single-group, mixed methods retrospective evaluation examined the implementation outcomes using the RE-AIM (Reach, Efficacy, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance) framework. We report on data from hybrid ezParent delivery between September 2020 and August 2022. Parents completed pre- and postprogram surveys that included motivation to participate and perceived changes in parent-child behavior. Digital analytics captured ezParent completion. Facilitators completed fidelity assessments and participated in postintervention interviews. RESULTS In total, 24 hybrid ezParent groups (n=240 parents) were delivered by 13 CPP-trained facilitators. Parents reported high levels of satisfaction with the program and improvements in their feelings of parenting self-efficacy and their child's behavior following their participation in hybrid ezParent. On average, parents completed 4.58 (SD 2.43) 6 ezParent modules. The average group attendance across the 4 sessions was 71.2%. Facilitators found the hybrid delivery easy to implement and reported high parent engagement and understanding of CPP strategies. CONCLUSIONS Using the hybrid ezParent intervention is a feasible and effective way to engage parents. Lessons learned included the importance of academic and community-based organization partnerships for delivering and evaluating robust programs. Implementation facilitators and barriers and future research recommendations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Linda Murray
- Children's Institute, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Marjorie J Allan
- Children's Institute, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Roslyn Perry
- College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Amie F Bettencourt
- School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Deborah Gross
- School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Lauri Strano
- Children's Institute, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
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Sedlašek E, Krohne N, Borko P, Zemljarič I, Masten R, Vinko M, De Leo D, Poštuvan V. Beyond the Preventive Measures: A Delphi Method-Based Study of the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Mental Health of Different Age Groups. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:978. [PMID: 38929595 PMCID: PMC11205892 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60060978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) preventive measures affected various aspects of people's lives, while also representing an important risk factor for people's mental health. In the present study, we examined the negative psychological consequences of the preventive measures on people's mental health and the protective factors that strengthened their mental health and well-being during the pandemic. Materials and Methods: A study, using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods based on a Delphi protocol, was conducted with a sample of Slovenian professionals who worked with people from different demographic groups (i.e., children and adolescents, emerging adults, the adult working population, the elderly) during the pandemic. We conducted (i) a qualitative study involving semi-structured interviews with 11 professionals and (ii) a quantitative study where 73 professionals completed a structured online questionnaire. Results: Experts recognized the disruption of informal face-to-face social contacts as the measure with the greatest impact on people's lives across all groups studied, the effect being particularly evident in relation to individuals' development period and socio-demographic characteristics. An individual's ability to adapt to change and emotional support provided by family or other close persons contributed significantly to maintaining mental health and well-being during the pandemic. Conclusions: Considering the interplay of various COVID-19-related risk and protective factors for mental health, enabling and promoting the maintenance and development of social relationships (including through alternative pathways) should be a priority aspect of (mental health) intervention for all demographic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Sedlašek
- Slovene Centre for Suicide Research, Andrej Marušič Institute, University of Primorska, 6000 Koper, Slovenia; (N.K.); (P.B.); (D.D.L.); (V.P.)
| | - Nina Krohne
- Slovene Centre for Suicide Research, Andrej Marušič Institute, University of Primorska, 6000 Koper, Slovenia; (N.K.); (P.B.); (D.D.L.); (V.P.)
| | - Polonca Borko
- Slovene Centre for Suicide Research, Andrej Marušič Institute, University of Primorska, 6000 Koper, Slovenia; (N.K.); (P.B.); (D.D.L.); (V.P.)
| | - Ives Zemljarič
- Department of Oncology, University Medical Centre Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia;
| | - Robert Masten
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Matej Vinko
- Mental Health Centre, National Institute of Public Health of Slovenia, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Diego De Leo
- Slovene Centre for Suicide Research, Andrej Marušič Institute, University of Primorska, 6000 Koper, Slovenia; (N.K.); (P.B.); (D.D.L.); (V.P.)
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, 6000 Koper, Slovenia
| | - Vita Poštuvan
- Slovene Centre for Suicide Research, Andrej Marušič Institute, University of Primorska, 6000 Koper, Slovenia; (N.K.); (P.B.); (D.D.L.); (V.P.)
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, 6000 Koper, Slovenia
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8
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Yasar HJ, Pirani Z, Ali ZE. A parental burnout modelling based on perfectionism mediated through self-compassion in parents of students suffering from specific learning behavioral disorder. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2024; 246:104227. [PMID: 38626600 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The association between parental burnout and perfectionism, and whether and to what extent it is mediated by self-compassion, in case of mothers of children with Specific Learning Disorder (SLD) were rarely investigated in the related literature. To fill the gap felt, the present study aimed at providing a model for self-compassion, parental burnout, and perfectionism. The participants were 305 mothers of children with SLD, from Hamedan province, Iran, who had been referred to the relevant treatment centers between 2020 and 2021. Selected through convenience sampling, they took part in the study by completing three questionnaires, i.e., Parental Burnout Assessment (Roskam et al., 2018), Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (Hewitt & Flett, 1991), and Self-Compassion Scale (Neff, 2003). To fit the model, structural equation modelling was conducted in Amos v24 software. It was found that self-compassion mediates the negative relationship between parental burnout and perfectionism. It can be concluded that women during motherhood become emotionally vulnerable and are susceptible to face psychological challenges and such challenges can be exacerbated in the case of mothers of children with SLD or other learning disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zabihullah Pirani
- Department of Educational Sciences & Psychology, Azad University of Arak, Arak, Iran.
| | - Zeinab Ein Ali
- Department of Educational Sciences & Psychology, Azad University of Arak, Arak, Iran
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9
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Dubois AC, Roberti-Lintermans M, Mallien Z, François A, Lahaye M, De Mol J, Aujoulat I. How do exhausted parents experience their interactions with their children? A qualitative and participative study. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1340748. [PMID: 38751584 PMCID: PMC11094333 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1340748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Parental burnout, known as a state of physical and psychological exhaustion, results in an imbalance between the parent's perceived stressors in relation to parenting, and the resources available to the parent to cope with such stressors. The causes and consequences of parental burnout for the parents themselves have been studied from the parents' point of view, but the perception of parents regarding the impact of parental burnout on the parent-child relationship has not yet been documented. Methods We conducted a qualitative study through semi-structured interviews with exhausted parents (n=21). We aimed to better understand their general interactions with their children, as well as the way they communicate with them about their state of exhaustion, knowing that dealing with parental suffering can have a long-term impact on the child. Results Our results reveal that exhausted parents experience a widespread loss of control in all areas of their lives, particularly in their interaction with their children, which generates feelings of guilt and shame. Communicating their experience to their children can create various difficulties for both parents and children. This may complicate the process of seeking help and reinforce the feeling of isolation. Discussion An emerging result from our analysis leads us to identify a need for the parents to be heard and validated in their suffering who took part in this research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Catherine Dubois
- Institute of Health and Society, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Margaux Roberti-Lintermans
- Institute for the Analysis of Change in History and Contemporary Societies, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Zoé Mallien
- Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Aurore François
- Institute for the Analysis of Change in History and Contemporary Societies, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Magali Lahaye
- Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Jan De Mol
- Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Aujoulat
- Institute of Health and Society, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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10
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Ayran G, Çevik Özdemir HN. Caregiver and parent-child relationship during COVID-19: The mediator role of anxiety and life satisfaction. Child Care Health Dev 2024; 50:e13247. [PMID: 38558179 DOI: 10.1111/cch.13247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
AIM This research was conducted to evaluate the mediation effect of anxiety and life satisfaction on the relationship between Care burden and Parent Child Relationship in Turkish parents during the COVID-19 epidemic. METHODS The research was carried out with parents (221 women and 219 men) who have children between the ages of 6-18 living in Turkey. Data were collected in June-July 2021 using the demographic data form, "Care Burden Scale," "Pervasive Anxiety Disorder-7 Test," "Satisfaction with Life Scale," and "Parent Child Relationship Scale." Path analysis was used to analyse the relationships. In this study, structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to examine the path analysis. RESULTS It was found that the burden of care and anxiety of the parents and the parent-child conflict relationship were positively correlated and negatively correlated with the life satisfaction and parent-child closeness relationship (p < 0.05). Path model analyses revealed that the burden of care had a direct effect on anxiety and life satisfaction, and an indirect effect on the parent-child relationship, respectively. CONCLUSIONS It shows that parents' perceptions of how the COVID-19 pandemic is affecting their mental health have implications for parent and child well-being, with stronger relationships for low-income families. Anxiety and life satisfaction had a mediating effect between care burden and parent-child relationship. Given the demonstrable impact of COVID-19 on the parent-child relationship, this study may guide the planning of coping strategies and programmes focused on mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülsün Ayran
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan, Turkey
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11
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Shahwan S, Tay EH, Shafie S, Tan YB, Gunasekaran S, Tan RHS, Satghare P, Zhang Y, Wang P, Tan SC, Subramaniam M. The protective role of resilience and social support against burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1374484. [PMID: 38746007 PMCID: PMC11091290 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1374484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic brought on a range of stressors in homes and workplaces. With no sign of ending after one year, burnout was a concern. Resilience has been known to shield against the effects of stress. While often thought of as an individual trait, previous studies have shown social support to improve resilience. The study aimed to examine the extent of burnout in the Singapore population and whether social support and resilience cushioned the impact of COVID-19 related stressors a year into the pandemic. Methods Participants were 858 Singapore residents who participated in a larger study between October 2021 and September 2022. The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory provided Work-and Personal-related burnout scores. Multivariable linear regression was used to identify demographic variables associated with burnout. Path analysis revealed the associations between COVID-19 stressors, social support, resilience and burnout. Results 22 and 19% of the sample reported work and personal burnout respectively, with younger adults being more burnt out than older adults. Higher stress was associated with higher burnout and higher social support was associated with lower burnout. Path analysis revealed that the relationship between social support and burnout was partially accounted for by increased resilience. Conclusion Managing altered work arrangements, career expectations, and increased responsibilities at home may contribute to greater levels of burnout in the younger adults. Increased employer support and targeted interventions could mitigate the impact of these stressors. The study also highlighted the importance of maintaining social connections even while physically distancing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazana Shahwan
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
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12
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Curtis MG, Wieling E, Bryant C, Campbell RD, Kogan SM. Systemic effects of the COVID pandemic on rural black American men's interpersonal relationships: A phenomenological examination. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297876. [PMID: 38630764 PMCID: PMC11023195 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic was a socionatural disaster that unprecedentedly disrupted the daily lives of individuals, families, and communities. Prior research indicates that Black American men living in rural contexts, particularly in Southern parts of the United States of America, were disproportionately affected by the psychological and economic effects of the pandemic. Despite these disparities, few studies have examined the pandemic's impact on rural Black American men's social networks. This study aimed to explore the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on rural Black American men's interpersonal relationships. Informed by the principles of critical ethnography and guided by van Manen's hermeneutic phenomenology, seventeen men were interviewed using a semi-structured interview protocol. Interviews were transcribed and then analyzed using an iterative thematic reduction process consistent with van Manen's approach. Four themes were generated: Familial Reorganization, Adaptive Fatherhood, Rona Romance, and Essential Community. Participants recounted how the pandemic motivated them to improve their relationships with family members and children but contributed additional stress to their romantic relationships. Participants further recounted how their friendships were the least impacted as they were willing to make exceptions to their normal protective protocols to socialize with close friends. Participants also noted feeling disconnected from their wider community because they could not attend church even though their religious beliefs remained unchanged. Findings highlight the need for scholars, clinicians, and policymakers to consider men's relational health when developing and implementing pandemic recovery efforts, as it can significantly influence their ability to recuperate mentally and physically. Future research should be dedicated to (1) investigating the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on fathers, as prior research has nearly exclusively focused on mothers' experiences and (2) delineating protective effects of rural Black American men's involvement in the Black Church from their individual spiritualities to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the influence of contextual crisis on their long-term health and wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G Curtis
- Department of Global Health Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth Wieling
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Chalandra Bryant
- Department of Family Social Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | | | - Steven M Kogan
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
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Juras MM, Coelho ACF, Vázquez AL, Ribeiro M, Kohlsdorf M, Custódio AL, Amador Buenabad NG, Perez LV, Hooley C, Barnett ML, Baumann AA. Parenting practices and interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown: an exploratory cross-sectional study of caregivers in Brazil, Mexico, and the United States. PSICOLOGIA-REFLEXAO E CRITICA 2024; 37:12. [PMID: 38583110 PMCID: PMC10999397 DOI: 10.1186/s41155-024-00295-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 pandemic led countries' governments to rapidly establish lockdowns and social distancing, which altered family routines and the quality of family relationships worldwide. OBJECTIVES This exploratory cross-sectional study aimed to identify the impacts of the social distancing and lockdown in parenting practices of caregivers from Brazil, Mexico, and the USA, and to analyze the continuity of parenting intervention support for children and their families at the beginning of the pandemic in these countries. METHODS The sample consisted of 704 caregivers of children (286 from Brazil, 225 from Mexico, and 193 from the USA) who answered an online survey about parenting practices before/after quarantine, caregiver/child routines, feelings related to quarantine, changes in everyday life since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, contact with health professionals, and sources of parenting information. RESULTS Data indicate that caregivers from the three countries experienced similar parenting practices during this time, and did not report significant changes before and after the lockdown. They sought information about parenting predominantly via social media. Those receiving previous mental health care perceived the transition from in-person to telehealth services during the pandemic as feasible and acceptable. CONCLUSION This study will be helpful for clinicians and parents to contextualize their practices amid long-standing effects that the COVID-19 pandemic can have on children and their families during and post-pandemic from multiple cultural backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lucia Vazquez Perez
- National Institute of Psychiatry Ramon de la Fuente Muniz, Huntsville, Mexico
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14
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Crosh CC, Sherman SN, Valley JE, Parsons A, Gentry A, Glusman M, Hutton JS, Copeland KA. Beliefs and Motivations Regarding Early Shared Reading of Parents From Low-Income Households: A Qualitative Study. Acad Pediatr 2024; 24:486-493. [PMID: 38290573 DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2024.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Parent-child "shared" reading is a catalyst for development of language and other emergent literacy skills. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that parents initiate shared reading as soon as possible after birth. Persistent disparities exist in reading resources, routines, and subsequent literacy outcomes, disproportionately impacting low-income households. We sought to understand beliefs, motivations, and experiences regarding shared reading during early infancy among parents from low-income households. METHODS In this qualitative exploratory study, parents of infants aged 0 to 9 months from low-income households who had initiated shared reading ("readers") and those who had not ("nonreaders") were purposefully recruited to participate in individual semistructured virtual interviews. These interviews were coded using inductive thematic analysis by a 3-member team with diverse backgrounds. RESULTS A total of 21 parents participated (57% readers, 86% mothers). Infants were 86% African American/Black, with a mean age of 3 months. Barriers noted by readers and nonreaders were i) competing demands on time, ii) lack of resources, and iii) parental mental health. An additional barrier noted solely by nonreaders was iv) it's too early/baby is not ready. Two benefits of reading were noted by both groups: 1) parents as child's first teachers and 2) reading catalyzes the child's development. Benefits noted exclusively by readers included 3) reading begets more reading, 4) bonding, 5) "it works," and 6) "two-for-one" shared reading (other children involved). CONCLUSIONS This study provided insights into barriers and benefits regarding shared reading by socioeconomically disadvantaged parents of infants and has the potential to inform reading-related guidance and interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare C Crosh
- Department of Pediatrics and Academic Medicine (CC Crosh), Advocate Children's Hospital - Oak Lawn, Oak Lawn, Ill.
| | | | - Jais E Valley
- Department of General and Community Pediatrics (JE Valley), Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC
| | | | - Arin Gentry
- College of Arts and Sciences (A Gentry), University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Mariana Glusman
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Section of Primary Care (M Glusman), Chicago, Ill
| | - John S Hutton
- Division of General and Community Pediatrics (JS Hutton and KA Copeland), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Department of Pediatrics (JS Hutton and KA Copeland), College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Kristen A Copeland
- Division of General and Community Pediatrics (JS Hutton and KA Copeland), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Department of Pediatrics (JS Hutton and KA Copeland), College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
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15
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Tan Y, Pinder D, Bayoumi I, Carter R, Cole M, Jackson L, Watson A, Knox B, Chan-Nguyen S, Ford M, Davison CM, Bartels SA, Purkey E. Family and community resilience: a Photovoice study. Int J Equity Health 2024; 23:62. [PMID: 38504281 PMCID: PMC10949719 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-024-02142-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), in combination with adverse community environments, can result in traumatic stress reactions, increasing a person's risk for chronic physical and mental health conditions. Family resilience refers to the ability of families to withstand and rebound from adversity; it involves coping with disruptions as well as positive growth in the face of sudden or challenging life events, trauma, or adversities. This study aimed to identify factors contributing to family and community resilience from the perspective of families who self-identified as having a history of adversity and being resilient during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS This study used Photovoice, a visual participatory research method which asks participants to take photographs to illustrate their responses to a research question. Participants consisted of a maximum variation sample of families who demonstrated family level resilience in the context of the pair of ACEs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Family members were asked to collect approximately five images or videos that illustrated the facilitators and barriers to well-being for their family in their community. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted using the SHOWeD framework to allow participants to share and elucidate the meaning of their photos. Using thematic analysis, two researchers then independently completed line-by-line coding of interview transcripts before collaborating to develop consensus regarding key themes and interpretations. RESULTS Nine families were enrolled in the study. We identified five main themes that enhanced family resilience: (1) social support networks; (2) factors fostering children's development; (3) access and connection to nature; (4) having a space of one's own; and (5) access to social services and community resources. CONCLUSIONS In the context of additional stresses related to the COVID-19 pandemic, resilient behaviours and strategies for families were identified. The creation or development of networks of intra- and inter-community bonds; the promotion of accessible parenting, housing, and other social services; and the conservation and expansion of natural environments may support resilience and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Tan
- School of Medicine, Queen's University, 80 Barrie Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Danielle Pinder
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, 62 Fifth Field Company Lane, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Imaan Bayoumi
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, 62 Fifth Field Company Lane, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
- Department of Family Medicine, Queen's University, 220 Bagot Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 5E9, Canada
| | - Rifaa Carter
- Department of Family Medicine, Queen's University, 220 Bagot Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 5E9, Canada
| | - Michele Cole
- Department of Family Medicine, Queen's University, 220 Bagot Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 5E9, Canada
| | - Logan Jackson
- Department of Family Medicine, Queen's University, 220 Bagot Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 5E9, Canada
| | - Autumn Watson
- Department of Family Medicine, Queen's University, 220 Bagot Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 5E9, Canada
| | - Bruce Knox
- Department of Family Medicine, Queen's University, 220 Bagot Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 5E9, Canada
| | - Sophy Chan-Nguyen
- Department of Family Medicine, Queen's University, 220 Bagot Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 5E9, Canada
| | - Meghan Ford
- Department of Family Medicine, Queen's University, 220 Bagot Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 5E9, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Humphrey Hall, 62 Arch Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Colleen M Davison
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, 62 Fifth Field Company Lane, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Susan A Bartels
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, 62 Fifth Field Company Lane, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Queen's University, 76 Stuart Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 4V7, Canada
| | - Eva Purkey
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, 62 Fifth Field Company Lane, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada.
- Department of Family Medicine, Queen's University, 220 Bagot Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 5E9, Canada.
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16
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Duarte A, Martins S, Augusto C, Silva MJ, Lopes L, Santos R, Rosário R. The impact of a health promotion program on toddlers' socio-emotional development: a cluster randomized study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:415. [PMID: 38331822 PMCID: PMC10854086 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17953-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The first 3 years of life are a critical period for the development of socio-emotional skills, highlighting the importance of socio-emotional development in early childhood. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a health promotion intervention program on the socio-emotional development of children aged 12 to 42 months during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A total of 344 children from 15 childcare centers participated in this study, with six centers in the intervention group and nine in the control group. Childcare teachers in the intervention group received a 6-month training program aimed at promoting healthy lifestyles, including topics such as diet, sleep, physical activity, and sedentary behavior. Sociodemographic and anthropometric measures were assessed at baseline, and socio-emotional development was assessed using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development - Third Edition (Bayley-III) at baseline and post-intervention. RESULTS After the intervention, a significant difference in socio-emotional development was observed between children with mothers of varying education levels. Specifically, children whose mothers had lower education levels demonstrated significantly greater socio-emotional development (B = 19.000, p = 0.028) compared to the control group. In contrast, there was no significant difference in socio-emotional development among children with mothers from higher education levels. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that intervention programs for childcare teachers can effectively promote healthy socio-emotional development in children from socioeconomically disadvantaged backgrounds. Future intervention programs should consider tailoring their approaches to target disadvantaged populations. TRIAL REGISTRATION This cluster randomized controlled trial was registered in the Clinical Trials database/platform on 09/09/2019 (number NCT04082247).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Duarte
- School of Nursing, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal
- UICISA:E, The Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing, School of Nursing of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- CIEnf, Research Centre in Nursing, School of Nursing, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- CIEC, Research Centre on Child Studies, Institute of Education, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Silvana Martins
- ProChild CoLAB Against Poverty and Social Exclusion - Association, Campus de Couros, Rua de Vila Flor, Guimarães, 4810-225, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Augusto
- School of Nursing, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal
- UICISA:E, The Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing, School of Nursing of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- CIEnf, Research Centre in Nursing, School of Nursing, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Maria José Silva
- School of Nursing, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal
- UICISA:E, The Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing, School of Nursing of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- CIEnf, Research Centre in Nursing, School of Nursing, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Luís Lopes
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rute Santos
- Institute of Education, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Rafaela Rosário
- School of Nursing, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal.
- UICISA:E, The Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing, School of Nursing of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
- CIEnf, Research Centre in Nursing, School of Nursing, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
- CIEC, Research Centre on Child Studies, Institute of Education, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
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Katz C, Jacobson M, Priolo Filho SR, Goldfarb D, Liu J, Zibetti MR, Varela N, Attrash Najjar A, Bérubé A, Collin-Vézina D, Maguire-Jack K, Massarweh N, Munir A, Tiwari A, Wekerle C. Examining resilience among child protection professionals during COVID-19: A global comparison across 57 countries. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2024:106659. [PMID: 38326165 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.106659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic led to numerous challenges for child protection professionals (CPPs). However, limited research has investigated the interwoven concepts of coping, resilience, and mental distress among CPPs during COVID-19 on a global scale. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore CPPs' practice, resilience, and mental distress during COVID-19, the relationship between their resilience and mental distress, the global stability of the Multi-System Model of Resilience (MSMR), and how CPPs' resilience varied according to the Human Development Index (HDI). METHODS Data were collected from 420 CPPs in 57 countries across five continents between July and September 2021. Participants completed an online questionnaire on demographics, resilience, mental distress, coping, and perceptions of child protection during the pandemic in their native languages. The analyses compared the countries grouped according to HDI using means comparisons, correlations, and multiple linear regressions. A two-path analysis was also performed to identify variables associated with behavioral resilience engagement and mental distress. RESULTS The findings indicated that CPPs' perceptions of COVID-19's impact on child maltreatment varied in correlation with their country's HDI. There were also significant HDI-based differences regarding the perceived opportunity to engage in resilient behavior and its helpfulness. Years of professional experience, internal resilience, and external resilience were shown to be significant predictors of mental distress among CPPs during the pandemic, and resilience mediated how years of experience predicted mental distress. CONCLUSIONS This study emphasized the importance of experience and internal resilience for CPPs' psychological well-being. It also provides empirical evidence to support the MSMR theory on a global scale. Additionally, it demonstrates how the perceived changes in child maltreatment during COVID-19 may be associated with regional HDI. Lastly, the opportunities CPPs had to engage in resilient behavior and how much this helped them was associated with regional HDI, but not in the way originally predicted. Study results also hold implications for how practice and policy may be altered to help CPPs cope better during times of crisis and generally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmit Katz
- Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 69978, Israel.
| | - Ma'ayan Jacobson
- Haruv Institute, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Sidnei R Priolo Filho
- Laboratório de Pesquisa, Prevenção e Intervenção em Psicologia Forense, Universidade Tuiuti do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.
| | | | - Jenny Liu
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Canada.
| | | | | | - Afnan Attrash Najjar
- Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 69978, Israel.
| | - Annie Bérubé
- The Department of Psychoeducation and Psychology, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Canada.
| | - Delphine Collin-Vézina
- The Centre for Research on Children and Families, McGill University, Suite 106, Wilson Hall, 3506 University Street, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2A7, Canada.
| | - Kathryn Maguire-Jack
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, 1080 S. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | | | - Akhtar Munir
- Department of Social Work, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan.
| | - Ashwini Tiwari
- Augusta University, CJ2300 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912; USA.
| | - Christine Wekerle
- The Offord Centre for Child Studies, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. W. - MIP 201A, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
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18
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Hartling L, Elliott SA, Wright KS, Knisley L, Scott SD. 'It's quite a balancing act': A qualitative study of parents' experiences and information needs related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Health Expect 2024; 27:e13994. [PMID: 38389163 PMCID: PMC10884360 DOI: 10.1111/hex.13994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Throughout the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, parents and children faced significant challenges as a result of prevention measures implemented to control the spread of the disease. Ensuring that families have access to essential health information is critical for improving health outcomes and adherence to public health recommendations. Understanding parents' experiences and information needs related to the pandemic and associated health measures (e.g., vaccination, mask wearing, social distancing, etc.) will inform the development and dissemination of resources tailored to parents' needs to support informed decision making. METHODS We conducted a qualitative descriptive study. Between September and November 2021, parents across Canada were recruited online via social media and community organisation newsletters and listservs to participate in focus groups via Zoom. Focus groups were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were coded and analysed using thematic analysis. Participants completed a demographic questionnaire before the focus groups (via SimpleSurveys). RESULTS Sixty-seven parents participated in 12 focus groups between October and November 2021. In relation to experiences, parents felt they were (1) constantly trying to balance everything, and (2) trying to do their best with the information they had at the time when making decisions. Regarding information needs, parents reflected on (1) how difficult it was navigating copious amounts of changing information and finding credible sources to rely on, (2) the need for resources that were easily accessible, credible and in plain language and (3) the need for resources that were tailored to their needs to support them and their children make informed decisions. CONCLUSIONS Trying to mitigate the risk of COVID-19 infection and adhere to public health recommendations, while balancing various factors (work, online learning, and social interactions) and navigating changing information, was overwhelming for many parents. Reflecting on their needs, parents suggested tailored resources that provided concise, credible information in plain language to help them make informed decisions and navigate conflicting information. These findings reveal important knowledge gaps and highlight areas that need to be addressed to support parents during the pandemic period and beyond. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION Members of our established Paediatric Parent Advisory Group (P-PAG) were involved as collaborators throughout the planning (grant proposal), development and execution of the study. P-PAG members gave input on the design of the questionnaire, interview guide, recruitment strategy and interpretation of findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Hartling
- Alberta Research Centre for Health Evidence, Department of PediatricsUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
- Cochrane Child Health, Department of PediatricsUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Sarah A. Elliott
- Alberta Research Centre for Health Evidence, Department of PediatricsUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
- Cochrane Child Health, Department of PediatricsUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Kelsey S. Wright
- Cochrane Child Health, Department of PediatricsUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Lisa Knisley
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada
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19
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McTier A, Soraghan J. The Utility of Administrative Data in Understanding the COVID-19 Pandemic's Impact on Child Maltreatment: Learning From the Scotland Experience. CHILD MALTREATMENT 2024; 29:14-23. [PMID: 35702015 PMCID: PMC9204123 DOI: 10.1177/10775595221108661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic and associated public health 'stay at home' restrictions have intensified familial risk factors. Children would appear to be at increased risk of harm and abuse, yet administrative data from the early months of the pandemic showed falling cases of child maltreatment. Using weekly administrative data from Scotland, UK that span the first 17 months of the pandemic, this article found that child maltreatment activity levels fluctuated as 'stay at home' restrictions changed. During lockdown periods, the number of children subject to Inter-agency Referral Discussion fell but a higher number of children were placed on the Child Protection Register. When restrictions were eased, the number of Inter-agency Referral Discussions increased but the number of children placed on the Child Protection Register fell. To explain the fluctuations, the article asserts that the pandemic's impact on services' ability to engage directly with children and families has been critical, but the limitations of administrative data in providing an accurate measure of child maltreatment levels also need to be recognised. The article advocates that analysis of administrative data is best done in tandem with wider quantitative and qualitative sources in order to understand the impact of crisis events on children and families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander McTier
- Evidence and Evaluation Specialist, University of Strathclyde, UK
| | - Joanna Soraghan
- Evidence and Evaluation Specialist, University of Strathclyde, UK
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20
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Ngo TL, Yanek L, Caglar D, Bailey J, Roskind CG, Langhan M. Medical Knowledge Acquisition during a Pandemic: Pediatric Subspecialty in-Training Examination and Board Certification Exam Passing Rate. Acad Pediatr 2024; 24:147-154. [PMID: 37245666 PMCID: PMC10219674 DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2023.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in training programs restructuring their curricula. Fellowship programs are required to monitor each fellow's training progress through a combination of formal evaluations, competency tracking, and measures of knowledge acquisition. The American Board of Pediatrics administers subspecialty in-training examinations (SITE) to pediatric fellowship trainees annually and board certification exams at the completion of the fellowship. The objective of this study was to compare SITE scores and certification exam passing rates before and during the pandemic. METHODS In this retrospective observational study, we collected summative data on SITE scores and certification exam passing rates for all pediatric subspecialties from 2018 to 2022. Trends over time were assessed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) analysis to test for trends across years within one group and t-test analysis to compare groups before and during the pandemic. RESULTS Data were obtained from 14 pediatric subspecialties. Comparing prepandemic to pandemic scores, Infectious Diseases, Cardiology, and Critical Care Medicine saw statistically significant decreases in SITE scores. Conversely, Child Abuse and Emergency Medicine saw increases in SITE scores. Emergency Medicine saw a statistically significant increase in certification exam passing rates, while Gastroenterology and Pulmonology saw decreases in exam passing rates. CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in restructuring didactics and clinical care based on the needs of the hospital. There were also societal changes affecting patients and trainees. Subspecialty programs with declining scores and certification exam passing rates may need to assess their educational and clinical programs and adapt to the needs of trainees' learning edges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy L Ngo
- Department of Pediatrics (TL Ngo), Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
| | - Lisa Yanek
- Department of Medicine (L Yanek), Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Derya Caglar
- Department of Pediatrics (D Caglar), Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine/ Seattle Children's Hospital
| | - Jessica Bailey
- Department of Emergency Medicine (J Bailey), Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University
| | - Cindy G Roskind
- Department of Emergency Medicine (CG Roskind), Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Melissa Langhan
- Department of Pediatrics (M Langhan), Section of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
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Kurumiya Y, Woolfolk L, Griffith AK. Parenting During the COVID-19 Pandemic. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1458:89-100. [PMID: 39102192 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-61943-4_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Parenting during the COVID-19 pandemic was an unprecedented experience for many families around the world. With the sudden closure of schools and child care centers and the implementation of stay-at-home orders, parents were required to adjust to a new normal, one that required them to take on numerous responsibilities, all with diminished levels of social support. These changes resulted in a wide range of experiences, from feelings of overwhelm and stress to gratitude for time that was often not a reality in the hustle-bustle of everyday life in pre-pandemic times. This chapter discusses parenting during the COVID-19 pandemic, reviewing the impact on parental mental health, the impact on the parent-child relationship, and the implications for families and societal support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukie Kurumiya
- Behavior Analysis Department, The Chicago School, 325 N Wells St, Chicago, IL, 60456, USA
| | - Lauresa Woolfolk
- Behavior Analysis Department, The Chicago School, 325 N Wells St, Chicago, IL, 60456, USA
| | - Annette K Griffith
- Behavior Analysis Department, The Chicago School, 325 N Wells St, Chicago, IL, 60456, USA.
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22
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Kusuma IY, Suherman S. The Pulse of Long COVID on Twitter: A Social Network Analysis. ARCHIVES OF IRANIAN MEDICINE 2024; 27:36-43. [PMID: 38431959 PMCID: PMC10915926 DOI: 10.34172/aim.2024.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long coronavirus disease (COVID) is a complex and multifaceted health condition with a range of severe symptoms that can last for weeks or even months after the acute phase of the illness has passed. Employing social network analysis (SNA) can rapidly provide significant health information to communities related to long COVID. This study aimed to identify the key themes, most influential users, and overall sentiments in the Twitter discourse on long COVID. METHODS Data were collected from a Twitter search with the specific keywords "long COVID" from December 1, 2022, to February 22, 2023, using NodeXL Pro. Visualizations, including network graphs and key influencers, were created using Gephi, and sentiment analysis was conducted with Azure Machine. RESULTS In total, 119,185 tweets from 94325 users were related to long COVID. Top influencers include medical professionals, researchers, journalists, and public figures, with news media platforms as primary information sources; the most common hashtag was #longCOVID, indicating that it is a significant issue of concern among the Twitter community. In the sentiment analysis, most tweets were negative. CONCLUSION The study highlights the importance of critically evaluating information shared by influential users and seeking out multiple sources of information when making health-related decisions. In addition, it emphasizes the value of examining social media conversations to understand public discourse on long COVID and suggests that future researchers could explore the role of social media in shaping public perceptions and behaviors related to health issues. Strategies for enhancing scientific journal engagement and influence in online discussions are discussed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikhwan Yuda Kusuma
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Szeged, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
- Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Health, Universitas Harapan Bangsa, 53182 Purwokerto, Indonesia
| | - Suherman Suherman
- Doctoral School of Educational Sciences, Faculty Humanities and Social Science, University of Szeged, 6722 Szeged, Hungary
- Mathematics Education, Faculty of Teaching and Teacher Education, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung, Indonesia
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Cha H, Lee K. Factors affecting depression in adolescents with increased suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nurs Health Sci 2023. [PMID: 38151713 DOI: 10.1111/nhs.13075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
This study examines factors influencing depression in adolescents with increased suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic, based on an ecological model and using data from the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey, 2018. We selected adolescents whose suicidal ideation increased between the third and fourth years of the pandemic and who identified their parents as their guardians. Factors related to depression in adolescents were analyzed using stepwise multiple regression, while considering personal and environmental characteristics in the family and school domains. All models were significant, and Model 3 explained 26.8% of the variance. In Model 3, personal characteristics-physical activity, sleep quality on school days, and smartphone dependence-affected adolescents' depression. Parents' life satisfaction and a rejective childrearing attitude were also found to be significant factors affecting adolescents' depression, along with school life satisfaction and school type. Our findings can inform evidence-based nursing interventions to reduce depression in adolescents with increased suicidal ideation. They can also contribute to building strategies to promote mental health in schools after the pandemic, forming healthy life habits, and laying the foundation for lifelong health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyosung Cha
- College of Nursing, Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungmi Lee
- College of Nursing, Baekseok University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
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24
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Lax ES, Graziosi M, Gioia AN, Arunagiri V, Novak SA. "More Than Just a Manicure" Qualitative Experiences of Maternal Self-Care During COVID-19. WOMEN'S HEALTH REPORTS (NEW ROCHELLE, N.Y.) 2023; 4:571-583. [PMID: 38099079 PMCID: PMC10719642 DOI: 10.1089/whr.2023.0081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic presented families with novel challenges. Mothers were at particular risk for parental burnout, however, there is limited research on self-care behaviors to ameliorate it explicitly for mothers of young children (aged 3 and younger). Moreover, there has been little in-depth analysis on barriers to self-care and how mothers realistically implement it in their lives. Methods In this article, we explore influences on and barriers to self-care in mothers of young children during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a content analysis approach, we used verbal testimony from mothers to create a coding framework and applied that framework to the sample (N = 717). Results Qualitative analyses revealed that beauty and personal care were the most utilized self-care acts. Two major barriers were lack of childcare and limited time. Social support was the most frequently reported asset to engaging in self-care. Participants noted that the pandemic significantly restricted their access to activities and social support. Conclusions These findings emphasize the need to encourage mothers to prioritize self-care and incorporate their support systems to facilitate engagement. These results can inform programming to increase self-care behaviors in mothers, particularly during times of high environmental stressors. Future research should examine how resources can be allocated toward barriers of self-care to reduce burnout and improve quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth S. Lax
- Psychology Department, Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York, USA
| | | | - Ayla N. Gioia
- Psychology Department, Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York, USA
| | | | - Sarah A. Novak
- Psychology Department, Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York, USA
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25
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Garnett A, Hui L, Oleynikov C, Boamah S. Compassion fatigue in healthcare providers: a scoping review. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:1336. [PMID: 38041097 PMCID: PMC10693134 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-10356-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The detrimental impacts of COVID-19 on healthcare providers' psychological health and well-being continue to affect their professional roles and activities, leading to compassion fatigue. The purpose of this review was to identify and summarize published literature on compassion fatigue among healthcare providers and its impact on patient care. Six databases were searched: MEDLINE (Ovid), PsycINFO (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, for studies on compassion fatigue in healthcare providers, published in English from the peak of the pandemic in 2020 to 2023. To expand the search, reference lists of included studies were hand searched to locate additional relevant studies. The studies primarily focused on nurses, physicians, and other allied health professionals. This scoping review was registered on Open Science Framework (OSF), using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) extension to scoping review. From 11,715 search results, 24 met the inclusion criteria. Findings are presented using four themes: prevalence of compassion fatigue; antecedents of compassion fatigue; consequences of compassion fatigue; and interventions to address compassion fatigue. The potential antecedents of compassion fatigue are grouped under individual-, organization-, and systems-level factors. Our findings suggest that healthcare providers differ in risk for developing compassion fatigue in a country-dependent manner. Interventions such as increasing available personnel helped to minimize the occurrence of compassion fatigue. This scoping review offers important insight on the common causes and potential risks for compassion fatigue among healthcare providers and identifies potential strategies to support healthcare providers' psychological health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Garnett
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
| | - Lucy Hui
- Medical Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Christina Oleynikov
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Sheila Boamah
- School of Nursing, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Guedria A, Slama H, Fredj MB, Miladi S, Kefi HE, Gatti S, Oumaya A. Assessing parents' and children's psychological well-being and its associated factors during the COVID-19 lockdown in a Tunisian-North African population. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2280. [PMID: 37978377 PMCID: PMC10657148 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17206-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rapidly emerging Coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread around the world yielding in significant changes in almost every aspect of daily life. While primary research of the epidemic COVID-19 has focused on the psychological impact on the general population and health professionals, no survey of the pandemic-resulting containment on parents and their children has been yet addressed in the Tunisian-North African population. This study aimed to assess the psychological profile of parents and youth in Tunisia during a period of COVID 19 lockdown, and to identify associated factors to parental anxiety symptoms. METHODS This is an analytical cross-sectional study composed of a total of 538 adults including 464 mothers and 74 fathers. Parents of children aged less than 18 years completed an online survey (Google Forms) on the Psychological Impact of Confinement which includes the Generalized Anxiety Scale (GAD-7), the Parental Burnout Assessment (PBA), and the infantile trait-anxiety scale. The survey was initiated in May 2020 on a population of the Tunisian-North African citizens and lasted for more than 6 weeks. RESULTS The median GAD-7 score was 11 corresponding to a moderate anxiety with 27.8% reporting severe anxiety. The median PBA score was 31 corresponding to a moderate risk of burnout, with 19.5% being affected. The children's anxiety scores were associated with their parents' anxiety ratings with 24% of the children reported signs of moderate anxiety. CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic affected parental and their children' psychological behavior due to a direct social isolation and distancing. Pediatricians need to be alerted on this issue and future measures are essential to avoid parental emotional burnout and anxiety disorder in similar situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Guedria
- University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Hela Slama
- University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Military Hospital of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Manel Ben Fredj
- University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia.
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Fattouma Bourguiba University, Hospital, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia.
- Department of Community Medicine, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia.
| | - Shayma Miladi
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Hamdi El Kefi
- Military Hospital of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Syrine Gatti
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Abdelaziz Oumaya
- Military Hospital of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
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Kong Y, Shaver LG, Shi F, Yang L, Zhang W, Wei X, Zhang E, Ozbek S, Effiong A, Wang PP. Knowledge, psychological impacts, and protective behaviours during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic among Chinese residents in Canada with dependent school-age children: a cross-sectional online study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2140. [PMID: 37915047 PMCID: PMC10621311 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16923-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to describe the knowledge, protective behaviours, and psychological impact of COVID-19 on Chinese residents in Canada, as the emotional and behavioural impacts of the pandemic have not been intensively studied amongst these populations. It was important to determine whether having dependent school-age children (DSAC) aged 16 or under was associated with adverse psychological impacts amongst the Chinese residents living in the country. METHODS In April 2020, 757 eligible participants were recruited through a snowball sampling to complete an online survey related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychological, behavioural, and sociodemographic variables were collected and first analyzed using descriptive and univariate statistics. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to further confirm the observed significant associations in bivariate analyses for selected psychological outcome variables. RESULTS Seven hundred forty-two participants who responded to the "dependent school-age children" question were included in the analysis. Most of them identified as females (65.8%) and 77.2% included receiving a university degree or higher. There were no significant differences in COVID-19 knowledge between those living with or without DSAC. However, participants with DSAC were more likely to perceive themselves as being at greater risk of contracting COVID-19 (p = .023); therefore, having a higher chance of adopting protective behaviours (e.g., hand washing, sanitizing frequently or disinfecting work and living spaces (p < .05), elevated risks of depression (p = .007), and stress (p = .010), compared to those without DSAC. CONCLUSIONS Predominantly, the Chinese residents in Canada with dependent school-age children were more likely to report the negative psychological impacts of the pandemic. These findings warrant further investigations that may contribute to informing key stakeholders about the identification and implementation of policies and interventions to support the needs of parents with young children, during and after the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Kong
- Division of Community Health & Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | | | - Fuyan Shi
- Division of Community Health & Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Lixia Yang
- Department of Psychology, Ryerson University, Toronto, Canada
- Centre for New Immigrant Well-Being (CNIW), Markham, Canada
| | - Weiguo Zhang
- Department of Sociology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Canada
| | - Xiaoling Wei
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Eleen Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Sara Ozbek
- Division of Community Health & Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada
| | - Andem Effiong
- Division of Community Health & Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada
| | - Peizhong Peter Wang
- Division of Community Health & Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada.
- Centre for New Immigrant Well-Being (CNIW), Markham, Canada.
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
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28
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Aykan EB, Acavut G, Aykan MB. Parents working as health professionals during the pandemic. J Pediatr Nurs 2023; 73:e236-e242. [PMID: 37827861 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2023.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate family routines, stress, and burnout levels of health professionals who were also parents during the pandemic process. DESIGN AND METHODS This study is a quantitative descriptive study. A total of 380 parents who were working as health professionals in a training and research hospital participated in this study. Data were collected using a data collection form. Percentage distribution, mean, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Shapiro-Wilk, one-way MANOVA, and McNemar tests were used to evaluate the data. RESULTS In this study, 64.7% of the participants were women. The rate of participants whose children were in preschool was 31.8%. A total of 82.4% of participants indicated that their role of parenting was affected during the pandemic. A statistically significant difference was found between the Parental Stress Scale, the Emotional Exhaustion, and the Personal Achievement scores according to (p < 0.05). A statistically significant difference was found between the mean scores of depersonalizations of the participants who had infant children, during the play period, and in the preschool period (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS It was determined that family routines of health professionals who were parents during the pandemic were affected, and they experienced stress and burnout due to these altered routines. It was observed that health professionals who had children, especially in preschool, experienced greater stress, because the children were young and more dependent on their parents. IMPLICATIONS TO PRACTICE Health professionals needed to be provided with support, taking necessary precautions for their family life and family routines during the pandemic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emine Bayrak Aykan
- Ankara Medipol University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Anafartalar Blok, Talatpaşa Boulevard, Biga 2 Street, Nu:2, Postal Code:06050, Altındag, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Gamze Acavut
- Ankara Medipol University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Anafartalar Blok, Talatpaşa Boulevard, Biga 2 Street, Nu:2, Postal Code:06050, Altındag, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Musa Barış Aykan
- University of Health Sciences, Gulhane School of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Emrah Blok, Gn. Dr. Tevfik Sağlam Street, Nu:28, Postal Code:06010, Kzecioren, Ankara, Turkey.
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29
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Wang CW, Lu HH, Liang JS, Chen DR, Chen CC. Association between children's home-schooling and parental psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic in Taiwan: Risk and protective factors in a multilevel approach. Pediatr Neonatol 2023; 64:651-658. [PMID: 37301661 PMCID: PMC10207836 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2023.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role home-schooling of children in parental mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in Taiwan remains unknown. This study aimed to assess the association between parental psychological distress and home-schooling in a socio-ecological context during the peak of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Taiwan. METHODS This was a prospective cohort study. In total, 902 parents (father: n = 206, mother: n = 696) who home-schooled children under 18 years of age were recruited by purposive sampling from 17 cities in Taiwan. Data were collected between 19 July and 30 September 2021 through a survey. Multilevel regression models were used to examine the association between parents' psychological distress and home-schooling considering the characteristics at the person and city levels. RESULTS Parental psychological distress was positively associated with difficulty in setting up electronic devices and increased disputes between parents and children, and it was negatively associated with time management and increased time spent bonding with their children during home-schooling (Ps < 0.05). Parents who had a child with health conditions, lived in an extended family, worked from home, lived during the Level 3 alert level, and lived with a median/sporadic level of the COVID-19 community spread by city also reported greater psychological distress (Ps < 0.05). However, parents who had greater household family support reported less psychological distress (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Clinicians and policy makers must carefully consider parental mental health while home-schooling during the COVID-19 pandemic in a broader socio-ecological context. A focus is advised on the home-schooling experiences of parents and other risk and protective factors for parental psychological distress at the person and city levels, especially for those with children who require medical interventions and have a medical condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Wan Wang
- Department of Social Work, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hui Lu
- Department of Psychology, College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Clinical Psychological Room, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Jao-Shwann Liang
- Department of Pediatrics, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Asia Eastern University of Science and Technology, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Duan-Rung Chen
- Institute of Health Behaviors and Community Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chun Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Asia Eastern University of Science and Technology, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
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Lu J, Zhang M, Yuan M. Parenting and parent-child home practice during the COVID-19 pandemic: a case in central China. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18655. [PMID: 37907511 PMCID: PMC10618494 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45726-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study aims to explore parents' perceptions of parenting and parent-child activities at home with children aged 3-6 during the pandemic in China. A parenting survey was conducted to investigate parental role, age, educational background, work productivity, and different parenting categories during the lockdown period. We also examined the experiences of young children's participation in extracurricular activities before and after the stay-at-home policy was implemented as well as their activities with parents during the lockdown period. The results showed that parents' work productivity affected their perceptions of well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. Children spent less time on extracurricular activities during the lockdown period, but some particular activities increased in frequency, especially academic extracurricular activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Lu
- Department of Educational Studies, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Minghan Zhang
- Department of Educational Studies, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Muzi Yuan
- School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
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Prino LE, Arace A, Zonca P, Agostini P, Scarzello D. Preschool Emotional Problems in the Post-Pandemic Era between Parental Risk and Protective Factors. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2862. [PMID: 37958006 PMCID: PMC10647701 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11212862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The psychosocial adaptation of children born or experiencing their early years during the COVID-19 pandemic remains uncertain. In order to implement prevention strategies, it is, therefore, a priority to deeply analyze children's mental health in this post-pandemic phase and to identify family risk and protective factors. Indeed, recent studies reveal that children's emotional distress increased with the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in situations of high parental stress. The study investigates associations between some parental characteristics (coping strategies, parental burnout, resilience, perception of social support, and promotion of children's social-emotional competence) and children's emotional symptoms, considering gender differences. A total of 358 parents of children aged 2 to 6 years participated in this study. Regression analyses show that parental burnout is a predictor of emotional symptoms; moreover, for females, higher levels of emotional symptoms are associated with parental maladaptive coping strategies, whereas for males, the parent's ability to promote children's emotional competence is a protective factor. Results emphasize the importance of supporting parental well-being as a critical factor in shielding children from the repercussions of adverse situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Elvira Prino
- Department of Philosophy and Education Sciences, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy; (A.A.); (P.Z.); (P.A.); (D.S.)
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32
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Schittek A, Roskam I, Mikolajczak M. Does Parenting Perfectionism Ironically Increase Violent Behaviors from Parent towards Children? CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1704. [PMID: 37892367 PMCID: PMC10605908 DOI: 10.3390/children10101704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Past research has shown that perfectionistic strivings (PS) and perfectionistic concerns (PC) in the parenting domain are associated with an increase in parental burnout (PB), and that PB causally increases violence towards one's offspring. One may therefore wonder whether parenting perfectionism may ironically increase violence towards one's offspring. OBJECTIVE To the best of our knowledge, no study has ever investigated whether perfectionism (PS and PC) predicts violence towards one's offspring, or whether PB could explain this link. In the current pre-registered cross-lagged study, we hypothesized that an increase in PS and PC would lead to an increase in violence via an increase in PB. METHOD 228 participants responded to a longitudinal online survey, with three measurement occasions spaced 2 months apart. RESULTS Contrary to expectations, cross-lagged path models revealed that violence towards the offspring prospectively predicted an increase in PS and PC. Mediation models showed that PB was not a significant mediator. Results of all models did not change when controlling for social desirability. CONCLUSION The present study shows that violence towards the offspring increases the risk of PS and PC in parents. Results are discussed in light of the feeling of guilt experienced by parents. IMPLICATIONS Current worries that parenting perfectionism may paradoxically increase violence appear to be unwarranted at this stage. Moreover, correlation is not causation; thus, emphasizing caution before coming to clinically and societally relevant conclusions in cross-sectional studies. Thus, the PB and child maltreatment literature should slowly shift to using more longitudinal and causal designs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Moira Mikolajczak
- Department of Psychology, UCLouvain, Place Cardinal Mercier 10, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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McCormick KM, Sethi S, Haag D, Macedo DM, Hedges J, Quintero A, Smithers L, Roberts R, Zimet G, Jamieson L, Ribeiro Santiago PH. Development and validation of the COVID-19 Impact Scale in Australia. Curr Med Res Opin 2023; 39:1341-1354. [PMID: 37656161 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2023.2247323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted and continues to impact the health and well-being of Australian adults. However, there has been no instrument validated to comprehensively measure how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted adults in Australia across several domains (e.g. fear of COVID-19, attitudes towards vaccination, psychosocial impact of lockdowns).The current study conducted a rigorous psychometric process to develop and validate an instrument to measure the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia, the COVID-19 Impact Scale (CIS). METHOD Data was obtained from the Australian population. Participants (N = 563) aged between 19 and 91 years (M = 54.50, SD = 16.16) provided online responses between June, 2021 and May, 2022. The majority of participants were female (60.9%), employed either full-time (37.7%) or part-time (22.0%), and had completed an undergraduate degree or higher (70.1%). An initial pool of 30 items was developed based on a review of the literature and input from a panel of experts including psychologists, epidemiologists, and public health experts, among others. The study used network psychometrics to examine the psychometric properties of: (1) item score distributions; (2) item redundancy; (3) dimensionality; (4) model fit; (5) measurement invariance; (6) reliability; and (7) criterion validity. RESULTS Following an evaluation of items for ceiling/floor effects and redundancy, the final CIS network model included eighteen nodes and displayed a three-dimensional structure. The three communities of "Fear" (consisting of three nodes; ω = 0.82), "Attitudes" (consisting of ten nodes; ω = 0.89), and "Ill-being" (consisting of five nodes; ω = 0.79) displayed adequate reliability. The evaluation of model fit indicated a good fit of the network model (RMSEA = 0.047; CFI =0.98). CONCLUSION The instrument is available to be used by Australian researchers and implemented to evaluate public policies, adapted for future pandemics, or used internationally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kym Michelle McCormick
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Australia
| | - Sneha Sethi
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Australia
| | - Dandara Haag
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Australia
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Australia
| | - Davi Manzini Macedo
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Australia
| | - Joanne Hedges
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Australia
| | - Adrian Quintero
- Icfes - Colombian Institute for Educational Evaluation, Colombia
| | - Lisa Smithers
- School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Australia
| | - Rachel Roberts
- School of Psychology, The University of Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Lisa Jamieson
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Australia
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Mojahed A, Mack JT, Specht L, Sandoz V, Garthus-Niegel S. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic On Violence Against Children: A Narrative Review. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2023; 25:533-543. [PMID: 37721641 PMCID: PMC10627952 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-023-01449-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The goal of this paper was to explore the different ways the COVID-19 pandemic has affected violence against children (VAC). RECENT FINDINGS Recent research of peer-reviewed articles using operational or survey data revealed the pandemic's impact in terms of institutional responses, risk and mediating factors, changes in VAC dynamics, and a likely increase in child marriage. Findings include a decrease in institutional responses, activities, and prevention case openings; an increased incidence of interparental intimate partner violence (IPV) witnessing cases, hospital admissions for suspected Abusive Head Trauma (AHT), other pediatric injuries, and sexual violence; a change in family conflict dynamics; and an estimated increase in child marriages. It also revealed mediating factors between the relationship of the pandemic and VAC (such as parental stress and mental health symptoms), as well as risk factors observed by service providers, which include the risk of mental health symptoms of both parents and children. Post-pandemic VAC research can be improved by utilizing operational or survey data in a meaningful way to be able to derive sound intervention approaches to diminish the pandemic's impact on VAC and child marriage. We also propose for researchers to integrate child marriage into the definition of VAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amera Mojahed
- Institute and Policlinic of Occupational and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Judith T Mack
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy; Institute and Policlinic of Occupational and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Lina Specht
- Institute and Policlinic of Occupational and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Vania Sandoz
- Child Abuse and Neglect Team, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland
| | - Susan Garthus-Niegel
- Institute and Policlinic of Occupational and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Institute for Systems Medicine (ISM) and Faculty of Medicine, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Childhood and Families, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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Wallerich L, Fillol A, Rivadeneyra A, Vandentorren S, Wittwer J, Cambon L. Environment and child well-being: A scoping review of reviews to guide policies. Health Promot Perspect 2023; 13:168-182. [PMID: 37808945 PMCID: PMC10558968 DOI: 10.34172/hpp.2023.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acting on social determinants is the most effective, efficient, and fairest strategy to improve population health and health equity. Because of their vulnerability and dependence, children are particularly exposed to the deleterious effects of their living environment. Taking these issues into account in the development of public policies and identifying levers for action are crucial. The objective of this scoping review of reviews is to identify the main environmental determinants on children's health and development, and their mechanisms of effect, to be addressed by public policies. Methods We conducted a scoping review of reviews in accordance with the method developed by Arksey and O'Malley, and Levac and colleagues' methodology advancement and the PRISMA guideline. Inclusion criteria were identified with the PICos (population-phenomena of interest-context-study design) framework. We used the PubMed database and conducted a thematic analyze. Results Forty-seven articles were selected. Their analysis allowed us to identify five categories of interdependent environmental determinants of child health: i) urban design ii) contaminants, iii) parenting environment, iv) social conditions, v) climate change. Together and in a systemic way, they act on the health of the child. Conclusion The review carried out allows us to propose a pragmatic framework for clarifying the effects of the physical, social, and economic environment on children's health and wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Wallerich
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, BPH, U1219, Mérisp/PHARES, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, CIC 1401, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Amandine Fillol
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, BPH, U1219, Mérisp/PHARES, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, CIC 1401, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Ana Rivadeneyra
- Institute of Public Health, Epidemiology and Development, Bordeaux, France
- Equipe PHARes, Bordeaux Population Health, Bordeaux, France
| | - Stéphanie Vandentorren
- French Public Health Agency, F-94415 Saint-Maurice, France
- University of Bordeaux, Centre INSERM U1219 Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jérôme Wittwer
- University of Bordeaux, Centre INSERM U1219 Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Bordeaux, France
| | - Linda Cambon
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, BPH, U1219, Mérisp/PHARES, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, CIC 1401, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
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Hege A. Adverse Childhood Experiences and Cardiovascular Disease Risks: Implications for North Carolina and the Need for an Upstream Approach. N C Med J 2023; 85:37-41. [PMID: 39374361 DOI: 10.18043/001c.91428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/09/2024]
Abstract
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have a negative impact on people across the lifespan, including poorer health outcomes. Data have indicated that 60% of North Carolina adults have experienced at least one ACE, while concurrently heart disease is the leading cause of death. There is a need to study the linkages between the two, and researchers and leaders should take an upstream approach to doing so.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Hege
- Public Health and Exercise Science, Appalachian State University
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de Castro GM, Martins-Reis VDO, Celeste LC. The learning performance and behavior of school children during the COVID-19 pandemic school closures: from the perspectives of parents and teachers. Codas 2023; 35:e20220037. [PMID: 37556704 PMCID: PMC10446755 DOI: 10.1590/2317-1782/20232022037pt] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To verify the association between caregivers' and teachers' perceptions of the changes imposed by social isolation and the impact on students' learning. METHODS This is an analytical observational and longitudinal study, with the participation of 19 caregivers (family members) of 2nd-grade students from a public financing school and their respective teachers. The caregivers were submitted to interviews by means of the questionnaires: Abilities and Difficulties Questionnaire, Family Environment Resources Inventory and COVID-19 monitoring questionnaire that checks the behavior of schoolchildren and families. The collection took place in two moments by telephone call: the first moment (M1) was started in June 2020, and the second, (M2) in December 2020. The progress reports prepared by the regular teachers were received in January 2021. RESULTS A negative implication was observed in the change of routine and an impact on the parents' lives. In parents' perceptions, significant and negative issues were also present in children's mental health, such as changes in routine. Teacher evaluation reports showed a similar pattern, with the vast majority of them lacking information about learning performance. CONCLUSION This study pointed out the importance of accompanying schoolchildren and families in a period of social withdrawal, in order to guide and intervene together with parents and teachers.
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Vargas-Rubilar J, Richaud MC, Balabanian C, Lemos V. Parenting, Gender, and Perception of Changes in Children's Behavior during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6452. [PMID: 37568994 PMCID: PMC10419007 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20156452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
In a previous Argentine study, we found that, in the critical context of social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic, there were changes in maternal practices that influenced the relationship with their children. We also found that the impact of mandatory isolation was moderated positively by protective factors such as positive parenting and maternal school support or negatively by risk factors such as maternal stress. Although this study only analyzed maternal behavior, we were interested in studying the behavior of both parents, comparing the parenting (positive parenting, parental stress, and school support) of the father and mother and the perceived behavioral changes in their children. A quantitative ex post facto study was carried out. The sample consisted of 120 Argentinean parents (70 mothers and 50 fathers) aged between 27 and 56 (M = 38.84; SD = 5.03). Questionnaires were administered on sociodemographic and behavioral data of the children, as well as a brief scale to assess parenting. Mann-Whitney U and MANOVA were used to analyze the influence of gender on perceived changes in children's behavior and perceived parenting, respectively. Mothers perceived more significant changes than fathers in their children's behavior. In addition, women reported more parental stress, greater child school support, and greater perceived positive parenting compared to men. These findings support the hypothesis that parenting developed differently in fathers and mothers. These results imply the need for psycho-educational intervention programs aimed at promoting greater involvement of fathers in parenting and better management of parental stress in mothers' and family psychological well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jael Vargas-Rubilar
- National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires C1425FQD, Argentina
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud y del Comportamiento (CIICSAC), Universidad Adventista del Plata, Libertador San Martín 3103, Argentina
| | - María Cristina Richaud
- National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires C1425FQD, Argentina
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud y del Comportamiento (CIICSAC), Universidad Adventista del Plata, Libertador San Martín 3103, Argentina
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Familia (ICF), Universidad Austral, Buenos Aires B1630FHB, Argentina
| | - Cinthia Balabanian
- National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires C1425FQD, Argentina
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud y del Comportamiento (CIICSAC), Universidad Adventista del Plata, Libertador San Martín 3103, Argentina
| | - Viviana Lemos
- National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires C1425FQD, Argentina
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud y del Comportamiento (CIICSAC), Universidad Adventista del Plata, Libertador San Martín 3103, Argentina
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Ko Y, Park S. A pilot randomized controlled trial of distance laughter therapy for mothers' level of depression, anxiety, and parental stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288246. [PMID: 37450484 PMCID: PMC10348554 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to substantial lifestyle changes worldwide, contributing to heightened psychological stressors such as depression and anxiety. The demands of parental care have also intensified, increasing the risk of caregiver burnout and potential child maltreatment. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of implementing distance laughter therapy for mothers caring for young children during the pandemic, with a focus on mitigating depression, anxiety, and parental stress. Utilizing a pilot randomized controlled design, 22 participants were divided into two groups-experimental and control groups-and underwent four virtual sessions over two weeks. The experimental group engaged in distance laughter therapy, a technique designed to stimulate self-induced laughter, while the control group viewed a 50-minute entertainment TV show. Both groups experienced a significant decrease in depression and anxiety; however, only the experimental group experienced a significant reduction in parental stress. Nonetheless, the differences in outcomes between the groups were not statistically significant. Participants who engaged in distance laughter therapy reported positive changes across physical, emotional, social, self-perception, and stress-coping domains in exit interviews. Therefore, laughter therapy has an additional benefit of reducing parental stress, which may be particularly useful for mothers primarily responsible for childcare during the pandemic. Future research should investigate the effects of laughter on broader populations and settings and quantify the actual amount of laughter generated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yejung Ko
- College of Nursing and Health, Kongju National University, Gongju, South Korea
| | - Sihyun Park
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
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Abdeen MS, Hashim MA, Ghanem MM, El-Din NYS, Nagar ZME. Parents' self-reporting of Child Physical Maltreatment (CPM) in a low-middle-income country. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:506. [PMID: 37438727 PMCID: PMC10339565 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04947-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Because of COVID-19 pandemic, families across the world are experiencing new stressors that threaten their health, and economic well-being. Such a stress may jeopardize parents-children relationship. We aim to investigate the magnitude of child physical maltreatment (CPM) by parents in Egypt during the COVID-19 pandemic, to relate it to parents' stress, and to identify other potential risk factors. METHODS This cross-sectional study assessed parent-reported CPM and their personal experience of stress, depression, and anxiety among a sample of Egyptian parents using an electronic survey. It included sociodemographic data, Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21), and the Child physical maltreatment scale (CPMS). We also briefly assessed COVID-19 -related data. RESULTS Out of 404 respondents, (62.9%) and (32.9%) reported performing minor and severe CPM toward their children during the past 3 months, respectively. The age of youngest child, and anxiety score were significantly correlated with both minor and severe forms of CPM. While number of children, and online education system ratings were only significantly correlated with severe CPM. Parental definition of CPM was significantly correlated to minor CPM, but not to severe CPM. CONCLUSIONS CPM by parents is not uncommon in Egypt, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings highlight the importance of regular support and intervention that help parents learn parenting skills and the use of non-violent child disciplining methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai SeifElDin Abdeen
- Psychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, 38 Abbaseya St, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mostafa Ahmad Hashim
- Psychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, 38 Abbaseya St, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | | | - Zeinab Mohamed El Nagar
- Psychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, 38 Abbaseya St, Cairo, Egypt
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Tiwari A, Recinos M, Garner J, Self-Brown S, Momin R, Durbha S, Emery V, O’Hara K, Perry E, Stewart R, Wekerle C. Use of technology in evidence-based programs for child maltreatment and its impact on parent and child outcomes. Front Digit Health 2023; 5:1224582. [PMID: 37483318 PMCID: PMC10357009 DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2023.1224582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Technology has been used in evidence-based child maltreatment (CM) programs for over a decade. Although advancements have been made, the extent of the application of technology in these programs, and its influence on parental and child outcomes, remains unclear within the context of changes that emerged because of the COVID-19 pandemic. This scoping review provides a contextualized overview and summary of the use of technology in evidence-based parenting and child programs serving families impacted by child maltreatment and the effects of technology-enhanced programs on target outcomes. Materials and methods Using Arksey and O'Malley's methodological framework, we searched seven databases to identify peer-reviewed and grey literature published in English from 2000 to 2023 on evidence-based programs, according to the California Evidence-Based Clearinghouse (CEBC), that included technological supports for two populations: at-risk parents for child maltreatment prevention, and children and youth 0-18 years exposed to child maltreatment. All study designs were included. Results Eight evidence-based parenting programs and one evidence-based child trauma program were identified as using technology across a total of 25 peer-reviewed articles and 2 peer-reviewed abstracts meeting inclusion criteria (n = 19 on parent-level programs; n = 8 on child-level programs). Four studies were published in the context of COVID-19. Two main uses of technology emerged: (1) remote programmatic delivery (i.e., delivering all or part of the program virtually using technology) and (2) programmatic enhancement (i.e., augmenting program content with technology). Improvements across parenting and child mental health and behavioral outcomes were generally observed. Discussion Technology use in evidence-based child maltreatment programs is not new; however, the small sample since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in this review that met inclusion criteria highlight the dearth of research published on the topic. Findings also suggest the need for the inclusion of implementation outcomes related to adoption and engagement, which could inform equitable dissemination and implementation of these programs. Additional considerations for research and practice are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwini Tiwari
- Institute of Public and Preventive Health, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Manderley Recinos
- Department of Health Policy and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Jamani Garner
- Department of Health Policy and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Shannon Self-Brown
- Department of Health Policy and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Rushan Momin
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Sadhana Durbha
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Vanessa Emery
- Institute of Public and Preventive Health, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Kathryn O’Hara
- Department of Health Policy and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Elizabeth Perry
- Department of Health Policy and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Regan Stewart
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Christine Wekerle
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Dionisi AM, Smith CJ, Dupré KE. Weathering the storm alone or together: Examining the impact of COVID-19 on sole and partnered working mothers. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 51:2408-2429. [PMID: 35353912 PMCID: PMC9088265 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Sole employed mothers and their families face numerous challenges. Yet, the unprecedented circumstances of the COVID-19 pandemic may be adding additional risk to the already precarious day-to-day reality of this population. Thus, we examine the implications of this crisis for the mental health and job-related well-being of both sole and partnered working mothers. Participants were 206 mothers who continued to work during the pandemic. A moderated mediation model was analyzed. Work-family conflict (WFC) during the pandemic differentially related to mothers' parenting stress, based on romantic partnership status; when mothers were sole parents, the relationship between WFC and parenting stress was exacerbated. Moreover, this stress mediated the relationship between WFC and both poor mental health and decreased work engagement for sole employed mothers. Findings broaden our understanding of the implications of the COVID-19 pandemic for sole and partnered employed mothers, and how this crisis may be increasing disparities between working sole-parent and dual-partner families.
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Guastaferro K, Melchior M, Murphy-Costanzo AS, Anderson A, Melamed N, Madden S. Preventive Education Outreach on Social Media: The Quest to Enroll Community Members in a Child Sexual Prevention Workshop. JOURNAL OF CHILD SEXUAL ABUSE 2023; 32:963-978. [PMID: 37915237 DOI: 10.1080/10538712.2023.2274889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Social media is a frequently used tool in health promotion efforts although less so for the prevention of child sexual abuse (CSA). This is due, in part, to the lack of standardized branding guides for community-based efforts in how to craft messages related to CSA prevention. This study examined the use of Twitter (now "X") as a means of promoting participation in the adult-focused Stewards of Children CSA prevention workshop, prior to and following the implementation of a standardized branding guide. The exposure, reach, and engagement of the top tweets and top media tweets were examined over 24-months pre- and post-implementation of a five-point branding guide. Engagement was descriptively compared to the number of adults who enrolled in the Stewards of Children workshop. As evidenced by the increase in tweet impressions and the number of adults trained, it is likely the implementation of the branding guide was beneficial in promoting participation in the Stewards of Children workshop. Though participation in a program does not inherently suggest behavior change, getting participants to enroll is a crucial first step. The findings emphasize the potential of using social media to ultimately promote behavior change in the field of CSA prevention and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mia Melchior
- The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Nicole Melamed
- The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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Vaydich JL, Cheung RYM. Parental Burnout During the Second Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Exploring the Role of Parenting Stressors and Coparenting Support. FAMILY JOURNAL (ALEXANDRIA, VA.) 2023; 31:432-442. [PMID: 38603224 PMCID: PMC9465055 DOI: 10.1177/10664807221123556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic brought about many changes in family routines and introduced new stressors for parents. While stressors can lead to parental burnout, coparenting support may mitigate the effects of parental stress on parental burnout. The current study explored the effects of parental stress, COVID-19 stress, and coparenting support on parental burnout during the second year of the pandemic. Participants consisted of one hundred fifty-five parents in the USA (M = 39.6, SD = 7.38; female = 94.8%). Results suggested parental stress was positively associated with parental burnout while coparenting support was negatively associated with parental burnout. These findings highlight the importance of addressing parental stress and support to minimize the risk of parental burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Lee Vaydich
- Department of Psychology, Seattle Pacific University, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rebecca Y. M. Cheung
- Department of Early Childhood Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
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Nomura S, Kisugi N, Endo K, Omori T. Parental loneliness, perceptions of parenting, and psychosocial factors among parents having new children during the COVID-19 pandemic. Glob Health Med 2023; 5:158-168. [PMID: 37397952 PMCID: PMC10311677 DOI: 10.35772/ghm.2023.01033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Individuals who had new children during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic became parents in challenging situations, starting from pregnancy and continuing to after birth. This study aimed to clarify the characteristics of parental loneliness, perceptions of parenting, and psychosocial factors among parents having new children during the COVID-19 pandemic. The participants comprised a first-child group (523 parents; those who had their first child) and a second-child group (621 parents; those who had their second or subsequent child). We used web-based questionnaires to explore parental loneliness, perceptions of parenting, and psychosocial factors (distress, parental burnout, well-being, marital satisfaction, and social isolation). Participants answered the questionnaires in November 2022, during the eighth COVID-19 wave in Japan. We compared the groups and subgroups according to parental sex and determined the relationship between variables. The parents in the first-child group felt lonelier than the parents in the second-child group (p < 0.05), and their loneliness was correlated with psychosocial factors. Significantly, more mothers in the second-child group answered "agree" to negative perceptions of parenting than mothers in the first-child group. Additionally, parenting difficulties were correlated with a negative perception of parenting and parental burnout in both groups. Furthermore, providing parental support may improve parenting and promote parents' health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satomi Nomura
- Department of Child Nursing, National College of Nursing, Japan, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Namiko Kisugi
- Department of Child Nursing, National College of Nursing, Japan, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazue Endo
- Department of Child Nursing, National College of Nursing, Japan, Tokyo, Japan
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Yakupova V, Suarez A. Parental burnout, depression and emotional development of the preschoolers. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1207569. [PMID: 37408967 PMCID: PMC10318402 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1207569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Parental burnout is becoming more and more prevalent in the world, mainly incultures with high demands towards parents. Parental burnout is distinctive from depression and might have its unique influence on child development, which isunder current international research. This work contributes to the understanding of parental burnout, maternal depression and child emotional development(specifically emotion comprehension) interrelations. Additionally, we explored whether there are differences in the effects of parental burnout and depressionon boys and girls. Methods To analyse the emotional development of the preschoolers, the Russian version of the Test of Emotional Comprehension (TEC) was used. We used the Russian version of the Parental Burnout Inventory (PBI) to analyse the level of PB and the Russian version of Beck depression Inventory (BDI) to assess participants' depression level. Results Parental burnout positively correlates with child emotional comprehension skills, specifically understanding of external causes (B = 0.20, CI: 0.03; 0.37) and mental causes of emotions (B = 0.22, CI: 0.05; 0.40). This effect is gender dependent and is significantlyhigher for girls (B = 0.54, CI: 0.09; 0.98). The effect of maternal depression on emotion comprehension skills is also gender dependent: total scores on emotioncomprehension tasks are significantly higher for daughters of mothers with depression (B = 0.59, CI: 0.001; 1.18). Discussion Maternal depression and parental burnout might provoke development of extra sensitivity and self-regulation strategies in girls.
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Mooney AC, Jackson KE, Hamad R, Fernald LCH, Hoskote M, Gosliner W. Experiences of distress and gaps in government safety net supports among parents of young children during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1099. [PMID: 37287030 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16037-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic prompted rapid federal, state, and local government policymaking to buffer families from the health and economic harms of the pandemic. However, there has been little attention to families' perceptions of whether the pandemic safety net policy response was adequate, and what is needed to alleviate lasting effects on family well-being. This study examines the experiences and challenges of families with low incomes caring for young children during the pandemic. METHODS Semi-structured qualitative interviews conducted from August 2020 to January 2021 with 34 parents of young children in California were analyzed using thematic analysis. RESULTS We identified three key themes related to parents' experiences during the pandemic: (1) positive experiences with government support programs, (2) challenging experiences with government support programs, and (3) distress resulting from insufficient support for childcare disruptions. Participants reported that program expansions helped alleviate food insecurity, and those attending community colleges reported accessing a range of supports through supportive counselors. However, many reported gaps in support for childcare and distance learning, pre-existing housing instability, and parenting stressors. With insufficient supports, additional childcare and education workloads resulted in stress and exhaustion, guilt about competing demands, and stagnation of longer-term goals for economic and educational advancement. CONCLUSIONS Families of young children, already facing housing and economic insecurity prior to the pandemic, experienced parental burnout. To support family well-being, participants endorsed policies to remove housing barriers, and expand childcare options to mitigate job loss and competing demands on parents. Policy responses that either alleviate stressors or bolster supports have the potential to prevent distress catalyzed by future disasters or the more common destabilizing experiences of economic insecurity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa C Mooney
- Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California, San Francisco, 490 Illinois St, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
| | - Kaitlyn E Jackson
- Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California, San Francisco, 490 Illinois St, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Rita Hamad
- Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California, San Francisco, 490 Illinois St, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Lia C H Fernald
- Division of Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, 2121 Berkeley Way, Room 5302, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Mekhala Hoskote
- University of California, Berkeley-University of California, San Francisco Joint Medical Program, 570 University Hall MC #7360, 2018 Oxford Street, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Wendi Gosliner
- Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Nutrition Policy Institute, University of California, 1111 Franklin Street, Oakland, CA, 94607, USA
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Hellberg SN, Lundegard L, Hopkins TA, Thompson KA, Kang M, Morris T, Schiller CE. Psychological distress and treatment preferences among parents amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:100109. [PMID: 36942154 PMCID: PMC9997051 DOI: 10.1016/j.psycom.2023.100109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has presented many stressors for parents. This study was conducted to examine treatment preferences and barriers to care amidst COVID-19. Parents (N = 95) completed self-report measures. Education was provided on interventions (e.g., individual therapy, medication), and acceptability assessed. Elevated stress and distress were observed. Parents indicated interest in services for parenting concerns, stress, anxiety, and depression. Individual therapy and telehealth were highly acceptable, while medication and group therapy were less accepted. Findings highlight the need for specific supports among parents amidst the pandemic. Factors that influence treatment preference warrant further attention. Implications for healthcare service delivery are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Michelle Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, UNC School of Medicine, USA
| | - Terrique Morris
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, UNC Chapel Hill, USA
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Weber C, Golding SE, Yarker J, Teoh K, Lewis R, Ratcliffe E, Munir F, Wheele T, Windlinger L. Work fatigue during COVID-19 lockdown teleworking: the role of psychosocial, environmental, and social working conditions. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1155118. [PMID: 37260958 PMCID: PMC10228694 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1155118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background During national lockdowns in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, previously office-based workers who transitioned to home-based teleworking faced additional demands (e.g., childcare, inadequate homeworking spaces) likely resulting in poor work privacy fit. Previous office research suggests poor work privacy fit is associated with lower wellbeing and higher work fatigue. Emerging evidence suggests a relationship between childcare duties during pandemic teleworking and work fatigue. In addition to psychosocial working conditions (job demand, job control, and job change management), which are acknowledged predictors of work fatigue, this poses a significant threat to occupational health during pandemic teleworking. However, the relative effects of aspects of the psychosocial environment (job demands and resources), the home office environment (including privacy fit), and the social environment (childcare) on work fatigue as well as their interactions are under-explored. Objective This study examined the relationships between the psychosocial, environmental, and social working conditions of teleworking during the first COVID-19 lockdown and work fatigue. Specifically, the study examined teleworkers' physical work environment (e.g., if and how home office space is shared, crowding, and noise perceptions) as predictors of privacy fit and the relationship between privacy fit, childcare, psychosocial working conditions (job demand, job control, and job change management), and work fatigue. Work privacy fit was hypothesized to mediate the relationship between childcare and work fatigue. Methods An online cross-sectional survey was conducted with teleworkers (n = 300) during the first COVID-19 lockdown in April and May 2020; most participants were in Germany, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. Results Path analysis was used to examine the hypothesized relationships. Privacy fit was lower for those reporting greater levels of noise in home-working spaces and those feeling crowded at home. Work fatigue was lower amongst those with greater privacy fit and higher amongst those with high levels of job demand. An indirect relationship was observed between childcare and work fatigue with privacy fit mediating this relationship. Conclusion The influence of privacy fit has so far been largely neglected in research on teleworking, especially during the pandemic. However, its contribution to workers' wellbeing should be acknowledged in occupational health strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Weber
- Institute of Facility Management, School of Life Sciences and Facility Management, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Zurich, Switzerland
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah E. Golding
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Joanna Yarker
- Department of Organisational Psychology, Birkbeck University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin Teoh
- Department of Organisational Psychology, Birkbeck University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel Lewis
- Department of Organisational Psychology, Birkbeck University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eleanor Ratcliffe
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Fehmidah Munir
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Theresa Wheele
- Institute of Facility Management, School of Life Sciences and Facility Management, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lukas Windlinger
- Institute of Facility Management, School of Life Sciences and Facility Management, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Zurich, Switzerland
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50
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Carvalho M, Matias M. Parental exhaustion during COVID-19 pandemic: links to relationship outcomes and dyadic coping. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2023:1-11. [PMID: 37359694 PMCID: PMC10186299 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-023-04658-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown altered families? routines, from telework imposition to performing additional childcare, as children started studying at home. Adapting to these demands can have effects on couples' relationships. This study aimed to analyze couples? experiences of parental exhaustion during the lockdown and to understand its links to relationship satisfaction and conflict frequency. It also explored how couples' internal resources (e.g., dyadic coping) buffered these effects. We examined data from 210 individuals in a romantic relationship who were cohabiting with their partners, teleworking, and had children under 18. Absolute values of parental exhaustion and relationship quality were not severe, but there was evidence that parental exhaustion contributed to decreasing relationship satisfaction and increasing conflict. Positive forms of dyadic coping were found to moderate only the adverse effects on conflict frequency. Implications of these results to couple's support under stressful events are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matilde Carvalho
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marisa Matias
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Porto Center for Psychology at the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- R. Alfredo Allen, Porto, 4200-135 Portugal
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