1
|
Ortin-Peralta A, Schiffman A, Malik J, Polanco-Roman L, Hennefield L, Luking K. Negative and positive urgency as pathways in the intergenerational transmission of suicide risk in childhood. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1417991. [PMID: 39376969 PMCID: PMC11456838 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1417991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Parental suicide attempts and suicide death increase suicide risk in their offspring. High levels of impulsivity have been observed in families at high risk for suicide. Impulsivity, a highly heritable trait that is especially elevated in childhood, is frequently measured with the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale, which includes negative urgency, positive urgency, sensation seeking, premeditation, and perseverance. Our study examined the association between the UPPS-P facets and suicide ideation (without suicide attempts) and suicide attempts at baseline and first-time endorsement within the next two years in childhood. We also examined how the UPPS-P facets mediated the association between parental suicide attempts and suicide death and offspring first-time suicide ideation and attempts at follow-up. Methods The sample was 9,194 children (48.4% female; 9-10 years old) from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, assessed yearly three times. At Time 1 (T1), caregivers reported on suicide attempts and suicide deaths (combined) of the biological parents. Caregivers and children reported on suicide ideation and attempts in the KSADS-PL DSM-5 at each time point, T1 and follow-up (T2 and/or T3). The Short UPPS-P Scale (child-report) assessed the impulsivity facets at T1, which were computed as latent variables. Results At T1, 6.7% of children had a parent who had attempted or died by suicide. Most UPPS-P facets were associated with suicide ideation and attempts at T1 and T2/T3. In adjusted models, parental suicide attempts and suicide death were associated with offspring negative and positive urgency. In mediation models, parental suicide attempts and suicide death had an indirect effect on offspring first-time suicide ideation at T2/T3 through negative urgency (OR = 1.04; 95% CI, 1.01-1.08) and positive urgency (OR = 1.03, 95% CI, 1.01-1.05). Similar results were found for first-time suicide attempts at T2/T3. Discussion Our findings support an impulsive pathway in the familial transmission of suicide risk. For all youth, interventions that target multiple UPPS-P facets may help prevent or reduce suicide risk. For offspring whose parents have attempted or died by suicide, clinicians should pay particular attention to children who impulsively act on extreme emotions, as they may be at higher suicide risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Ortin-Peralta
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Amara Schiffman
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Jill Malik
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Lillian Polanco-Roman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
- Department of Psychology, The New School, New York, NY, United States
| | - Laura Hennefield
- Department of Psychiatry, Washinton University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MI, United States
| | - Katherine Luking
- Department of Psychology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kocsel N, Paksi B, Eisinger A, Felvinczi K, Czakó A, Demetrovics Z, Kökönyei G. Gender and trait rumination moderates the link between trait impulsivity and gambling problems severity in young adults. Compr Psychiatry 2024; 135:152533. [PMID: 39332058 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 08/25/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Trait impulsivity and trait rumination appear to uniquely contribute to problem gambling. However, only a limited number of studies have investigated their relationship with each other, and no study has tested whether their interplay could explain problem gambling. In this study, we aimed to examine these associations, especially focusing on the putative moderator role of gender. METHODS The present study utilized data from the first wave of the Budapest Longitudinal Study, representatively surveying young adults. The final, weighted sample consisted of N = 1202 (649 men; mean age = 28.04 years; SD = 4.31) participants who reported gambling in the past year. Gambling severity was assessed by the Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI), trait impulsivity was measured by Barratt Impulsiveness Scale short form (BIS-R-10), while rumination was assessed by the short version of Ruminative Response Scale (RRS). RESULTS Multiple linear regression analysis showed significant positive association between impulsivity and problematic gambling, and we found that both trait rumination and gender moderated this association, even after controlling for depressed mood, age, level of education, and subjective relative wealth. For men, when the level of trait rumination was high, higher levels of trait impulsivity were associated with an increase in gambling problems. However, these associations were not found among women. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggested that the interplay of trait rumination and trait impulsivity might contribute to problem gambling, potentially by the impulsive desire to alleviate negative mood states. Our results also revealed that these associations could be stronger among men than in women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natália Kocsel
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Borbála Paksi
- Institute of Education, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andrea Eisinger
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary; Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin Felvinczi
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andrea Czakó
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary; Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar, Gibraltar
| | - Zsolt Demetrovics
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary; Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar, Gibraltar; College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Gyöngyi Kökönyei
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary; NAP3.0-SE Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hungarian Brain Research Program, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Montasell-Jordana E, Penelo E, Blanco-Hinojo L, Pujol J, Billieux J, Deus J. Psychometric Properties and Normative Data of the Spanish UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale in Adolescents. J Pers Assess 2024:1-10. [PMID: 39250637 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2024.2399184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
Impulsivity is a multidimensional construct linked to a broad spectrum of psychopathological and neuropsychological disorders. The UPPS-P model has emerged as a valuable tool for assessing impulsivity from a multi-dimensional perspective. Despite its relevance, few studies have examined the psychometric properties of the UPPS-P scale scores in a large, representative sample of adolescents. This study aims to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Spanish UPPS-P in adolescents and to establish normative data for this population in Spain. To this end, 9024 students aged 11-19 from 66 different Spanish high schools were included. The fit for the expected 5-factor model, assessed through confirmatory factor analysis, was inadequate (CFI and TLI ≤ .85, RMSEA = .063), but becomes satisfactory when employing the more flexible ESEM approach (CFI and TLI ≥ .94, RMSEA = .038), which was invariant across gender and age. Internal consistency reliability was satisfactory (ω = .83 to .94). Convergent validity with the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11-A total score was good (r = .53 to .60). We provide population norms of the UPPS-P, which may help practitioners to interpret the UPPS-P scores of adolescents from the general population in Spain. Subsequent research should explore implications for both clinical and non-clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esteve Montasell-Jordana
- Departament de Psicologia Clínica i de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Neuropsychology Department, ITA Salud Mental, Clariane Spain, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Penelo
- Departament de Psicobiologia i de Metodologia de les Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Blanco-Hinojo
- MRI Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
- Mental Health Research Group, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesús Pujol
- MRI Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joël Billieux
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Center for Excessive Gambling, Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospitals (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Joan Deus
- Departament de Psicologia Clínica i de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- MRI Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Favini A, Lunetti C, Virzì AT, Cannito L, Culcasi F, Quarto T, Palladino P. Online and Offline Aggressive Behaviors in Adolescence: The Role of Self-Regulatory Self-Efficacy Beliefs. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:776. [PMID: 39335991 PMCID: PMC11444372 DOI: 10.3390/bs14090776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2024] [Revised: 08/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Self-regulatory self-efficacy belief (i.e., SRSE) represents a fundamental factor for adjustment in adolescence, as a vehicle to promote positive behaviors and protect youths from transgressions and maladjustment. Research attested that, during adolescence, boys are more vulnerable to externalizing behaviors than girls, especially when they perceive themselves as scarcely capable of managing and orienting their behaviors and when they possess impairments in impulsivity. Previous studies firmly supported the crucial role of SRSE, especially in the offline context in adolescence. Still, very few studies investigated its impact in the online context, although nowadays, the Internet represents one of the most significant environments for youths' daily lives. Thus, we aimed to examine the protective moderating role of SRSE in online and offline aggressive behaviors beyond youths' temperamental vulnerabilities, such as high impulsivity. A sample of 318 Italian adolescents (Mage = 15.21; SD = 0.51; 57% boys; 40% girls; 3% third gender) were asked to complete the Impulsivity Scale at Wave 1, online and offline aggressive behaviors scales at Wave 2, and SRSE at Wave 2. The multiple-group-by-gender moderation model evidenced that, for what concerns online aggression, beyond the direct effects of impulsivity in boys and girls, SRSE directly affected online aggression and mediated the effect of impulsivity in girls. In contrast, impulsivity significantly affected offline aggressive behaviors only indirectly through the impact of SRSE, and SRSE directly influenced these behaviors in both genders. These results hold for the effects of youth's age, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status, and years of education completed. This work preliminary evidenced that, contrary to previous studies which focused mainly on the vulnerability of boys to aggressive conduct, impulsivity had direct effects on online aggressive behaviors in girls, and SRSE can protect adolescents of both genders in the online context by predicting low online aggression and represents a protective factor from the indirect effects that impulsivity impairments can also have in the offline context.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ainzara Favini
- Department of Humanities, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy
| | - Carolina Lunetti
- Faculty of Education Sciences, Guglielmo Marconi University, 00193 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Loreta Cannito
- Department of Social Sciences, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy
| | - Flavia Culcasi
- Clinic for Substance and Behavioral Addiction, Academic Foundation Policlinic Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Tiziana Quarto
- Department of Humanities, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy
| | - Paola Palladino
- Department of Humanities, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sonmez AI, Garcia JQ, Thitiseranee L, Blacker CJ, Lewis CP. Scoping Review: Transdiagnostic Measurement of Impulsivity Domains in Youth Using the UPPS Impulsive Behavior Scales. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 63:789-812. [PMID: 38552900 PMCID: PMC11283967 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2024.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Impulsivity contributes to many clinically relevant behaviors impacting youth. A scoping review was conducted to characterize existing research using the Urgency, Premeditation (lack of), Perseverance (lack of), Sensation Seeking (UPPS) Impulsive Behavior Scales in youth populations, to review the psychometric and validity data of UPPS, and to summarize findings related to sex/gender and diagnostic populations of youth. METHOD PubMed, Embase, and PsycNET databases were searched from January 1, 2001 (original UPPS publication) through October 2, 2022, according to PRISMA extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. Articles were reviewed for inclusion/exclusion by 2 authors. Original research articles in English using any UPPS version or subscale in persons aged ≤21 years were included. RESULTS Inclusion criteria were met by 45 articles, with low bias and moderate-to-high quality. Most were cross-sectional studies; studies investigated diverse community and clinical samples. The UPPS demonstrated consistent factor structure, good reliability, and good external validity with other measures of impulsive behaviors and conditions associated with impaired impulse control. Some studies observed differences in UPPS domain scores between sex/gender groups or differential patterns in relationships between UPPS domains and clinical variables. UPPS subscale scores often differed in youth with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, conduct disorders, substance use, and excess weight/obesity compared with control youth. UPPS domains commonly had interactions with sex/gender, sociodemographic, and diagnosis-related variables. CONCLUSION The current literature suggests that the UPPS has utility in measuring distinct components of impulsivity in clinical and nonclinical populations of youth. Specificity in discriminating diagnostic groups and predicting risk currently remains uncertain. Further research is needed to integrate UPPS measures with experimental models and additional neurobiological methods and to assess longitudinal developmental trajectories. PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY Impulsivity contributes to many clinically relevant behaviors and mental health disorders that impact youth. The Urgency, Premeditation, Perseverance, Sensation Seeking (UPPS) Impulsive Behavior Scale has been increasingly used in research to measure deficits in impulse control. In this scoping review the authors examined 45 studies that used versions of the UPPS to measure different domains of impulsivity in youth aged 21 years and younger. The authors found evidence in the literature for the validity and reliability of the UPPS and its variants in measuring impulsivity in youth. Certain patterns of UPPS subscale scores corresponded with clinical behaviors and diagnoses including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), conduct disorder, substance use, and excessive weight/obesity. Despite this, there remain gaps in the literature regarding the stability of UPPS measures over time and ability of the UPPS to predict clinical outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Caren J Blacker
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Charles P Lewis
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fournier L, Bőthe B, Demetrovics Z, Koós M, Kraus SW, Nagy L, Potenza MN, Ballester-Arnal R, Batthyány D, Bergeron S, Briken P, Burkauskas J, Cárdenas-López G, Carvalho J, Castro-Calvo J, Chen L, Ciocca G, Corazza O, Csako RI, Fernandez DP, Fujiwara H, Fernandez EF, Fuss J, Gabrhelík R, Gewirtz-Meydan A, Gjoneska B, Gola M, Grubbs JB, Hashim HT, Saiful Islam M, Ismail M, Jiménez-Martínez MC, Jurin T, Kalina O, Klein V, Költő A, Lee SK, Lewczuk K, Lin CY, Lochner C, López-Alvarado S, Lukavská K, Mayta-Tristán P, Miller DJ, Orosová O, Orosz G, Ponce FP, Quintana GR, Quintero Garzola GC, Ramos-Diaz J, Rigaud K, Rousseau A, De Tubino Scanavino M, Schulmeyer MK, Sharan P, Shibata M, Shoib S, Sigre-Leirós V, Sniewski L, Spasovski O, Steibliene V, Stein DJ, Strizek J, Tsai MC, Ünsal BC, Vaillancourt-Morel MP, Van Hout MC, Billieux J. Evaluating the factor structure and measurement invariance of the 20-item short version of the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale across multiple countries, languages, and gender identities. Assessment 2024:10731911241259560. [PMID: 39054862 DOI: 10.1177/10731911241259560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
The UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Model and the various psychometric instruments developed and validated based on this model are well established in clinical and research settings. However, evidence regarding the psychometric validity, reliability, and equivalence across multiple countries of residence, languages, or gender identities, including gender-diverse individuals, is lacking to date. Using data from the International Sex Survey (N = 82,243), confirmatory factor analyses and measurement invariance analyses were performed on the preestablished five-factor structure of the 20-item short version of the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale to examine whether (a) psychometric validity and reliability and (b) psychometric equivalence hold across 34 country-of-residence-related, 22 language-related, and three gender-identity-related groups. The results of the present study extend the latter psychometric instrument's well-established relevance to 26 countries, 13 languages, and three gender identities. Most notably, psychometric validity and reliability were evidenced across nine novel translations included in the present study (i.e., Croatian, English, German, Hebrew, Korean, Macedonian, Polish, Portuguese-Portugal, and Spanish-Latin American) and psychometric equivalence was evidenced across all three gender identities included in the present study (i.e., women, men, and gender-diverse individuals).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Loïs Fournier
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Beáta Bőthe
- Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Zsolt Demetrovics
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar, Gibraltar
| | - Mónika Koós
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar, Gibraltar
| | - Shane W Kraus
- Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States of America
| | - Léna Nagy
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar, Gibraltar
| | - Marc N Potenza
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, Connecticut, United States of America
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Rafael Ballester-Arnal
- Departamento de Psicología Básica, Clínica y Psicobiología, University Jaume I of Castellón, Spain
| | - Dominik Batthyány
- Institute for Behavioural Addictions, Sigmund Freud University Vienna, Austria
| | - Sophie Bergeron
- Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Peer Briken
- Institute for Sex Research, Sexual Medicine, and Forensic Psychiatry, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julius Burkauskas
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga, Lithuania
| | - Georgina Cárdenas-López
- Virtual Teaching and Cyberpsychology Laboratory, School of Psychology, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico
| | - Joana Carvalho
- William James Center for Research, Departamento de Educação e Psicologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Jesús Castro-Calvo
- Department of Personality, Assessment, and Psychological Treatments, University of Valencia, Spain
| | - Lijun Chen
- Department of Psychology, College of Humanity and Social Science, Fuzhou University, China
| | - Giacomo Ciocca
- Section of Sexual Psychopathology, Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Ornella Corazza
- Department of Clinical, Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, Italy
| | | | | | - Hironobu Fujiwara
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Decentralized Big Data Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, Tokyo, Japan
- The General Research Division, Osaka University Research Center on Ethical, Legal and Social Issues, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Johannes Fuss
- Institute of Forensic Psychiatry and Sex Research, Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Roman Gabrhelík
- Department of Addictology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Addictology, General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ateret Gewirtz-Meydan
- School of Social Work, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Israel
| | - Biljana Gjoneska
- Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
| | - Mateusz Gola
- Institute of Psychology, The Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Poland
- Institute for Neural Computations, University of California San Diego, United States of America
| | - Joshua B Grubbs
- Center on Alcohol, Substance use, And Addictions, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, United States of America
| | - Hashim T Hashim
- College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Iraq
- College of Medicine, University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa, Karbala, Iraq
| | - Md Saiful Islam
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Martha C Jiménez-Martínez
- Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia
- Grupo de Investigación Biomédica y de Patología, Tunja, Colombia
- Grupo Medición y Evaluación Psicológica en Contextos Básicos y Aplicados, Tunja, Colombia
| | - Tanja Jurin
- Department of Psychology, Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ondrej Kalina
- Department of Educational Psychology and Psychology of Health, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Verena Klein
- School of Psychology, University of Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - András Költő
- Health Promotion Research Centre, University of Galway, Ireland
| | - Sang-Kyu Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Hallym University Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, South Korea
- Chuncheon Addiction Management Center, South Korea
| | - Karol Lewczuk
- Institute of Psychology, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Chung-Ying Lin
- College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Christine Lochner
- SAMRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
| | | | - Kateřina Lukavská
- Department of Addictology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Dan J Miller
- College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Oľga Orosová
- Department of Educational Psychology and Psychology of Health, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Slovakia
| | | | | | - Gonzalo R Quintana
- Departamento de Psicología y Filosofía, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Arica y Parinacota, Chile
| | - Gabriel C Quintero Garzola
- Florida State University ? Republic of Panama, Ciudad del Saber, Republic of Panama
- Sistema Nacional de Investigación, Secretaría Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación, Ciudad del Saber, Republic of Panama
| | - Jano Ramos-Diaz
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Privada del Norte, Lima, Perú
| | | | - Ann Rousseau
- Leuven School for Mass Communication, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marco De Tubino Scanavino
- Department of Psychiatry, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
- Departmento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas and Experimental Pathophysiology Post Graduation Program, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Pratap Sharan
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Mami Shibata
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sheikh Shoib
- Department of Health Services, Srinagar, India
- Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
- Psychosis Research Centre, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vera Sigre-Leirós
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Ognen Spasovski
- Faculty of Philosophy, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
- Faculty of Philosophy, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Trnava, Slovakia
| | - Vesta Steibliene
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga, Lithuania
| | - Dan J Stein
- SAMRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry & Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Meng-Che Tsai
- College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Berk C Ünsal
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | - Joël Billieux
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Center for Excessive Gambling, Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fisher-Fox L, Prestigiacomo CJ, Cyders MA. Urgency Theory in the context of broader emotion theories: a conceptual review. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1403639. [PMID: 39035607 PMCID: PMC11257906 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1403639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Negative and positive urgency are two closely related personality traits that reflect the tendency for an individual to engage in maladaptive risk-taking in response to extreme negative and positive emotions, respectively. However, other prominent emotion theories describe how emotions contribute to adaptive, rather than maladaptive, decision-making. This conceptual review considers how Urgency Theory can be integrated with these broader existing emotion theories. We proceed as follows: a) briefly define what is meant by emotions in science and summarize basic human neuroscience underlying emotions; b) briefly describe select theories and research linking emotions to adaptive decision-making, including brain correlates of this effect; c) review Urgency Theory, including contrasting evidence that emotions lead to maladaptive outcomes and brain correlates of this effect; d) discuss how urgency can be integrated into theories that view emotions as both adaptive and maladaptive for decision-making; and e) propose future directions to advance research in this field. We identified four, not mutually exclusive, viable options to integrate Urgency Theory into existing theories: urgency as model-free emotion regulation, urgency as being driven by incidental emotions, urgency as a reflexive response to emotions, or urgency as an individual difference factor. We conclude that although all four options are viable, individual difference and model-free emotion regulation have the most empirical support to date. Importantly, the other two options are less well-researched. Direct tests comparing these integrations is necessary to determine the most accurate way to integrate urgency with existing emotion theories. We believe that this research can identify mechanisms underlying urgency and help inform future intervention and prevention development to reduce negative effects of urgency across numerous maladaptive behaviors and clinical disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Melissa A. Cyders
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Westbomke S, Schag K, Derntl B, Zipfel S, Stengel A. The impact of emotional stimuli on response inhibition in an inpatient and day-hospital patient psychosomatic cohort. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1176721. [PMID: 37457765 PMCID: PMC10347415 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1176721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To correctly recognize and respond to your counterpart's emotion is essential for a successful get-together. To ensure this, emotional processes and inhibitory control are linked and interact with each other. However, this interaction can be altered in several mental disorders. In a group of psychosomatic patients, we investigated possible differences in the response inhibition between neutral and emotional stimuli and whether a psychosomatic inpatient and day-hospital patient treatment influences response inhibition profiles. Methods One hundred and one patients, diagnosed with different psychiatric diagnoses (77 women, 41.43 ± 13.13 years), completed an emotional stop-signal task (ESST) and an impulsive behavior scale upon admission in an inpatient and day-hospital patient treatment on a psychosomatic ward (T0) and at discharge (T1). Patients with depressive disorders completed the test again after 1 year (follow-up measurement T2, n = 22). Emotional stimuli were angry and neutral faces. Stop-signal reaction time (SSRT) and stop-signal delay (SSD) were calculated as the main behavioral parameters. Results We found a significantly higher SSRT for neutral than angry faces at both admission (8.538 ms, p < 0.001) and discharge (11.142 ms, p < 0.001), with a matching higher SSD for angry than neutral faces at both timepoints (T0: 8.360 ms, p < 0.001, T1: (6.950 ms, p < 0.001). The SSRT for angry faces significantly decreased after treatment (-8.485 ms, p = 0.0110). For neutral faces, the decrease failed to reach significance (-5.881 ms, p = 0.250). A significant decrease in SSRT for neutral faces in patients with depressive disorders was found 1 year after discharge compared with admission (-19.040 ms, p = 0.0380). Conclusion Our data demonstrate a decreased response inhibition for neutral compared with emotional stimuli and an improved response inhibition for angry faces after discharge in a psychosomatic inpatient and day-hospital patient cohort. Additionally, patients with depressive disorders displayed a significantly better response inhibition for neutral faces 1 year after discharge compared with the baseline measurement. With this study, we provide more evidence for altered emotional response inhibition in different mental disorders and a hint that psychosomatic inpatient and day-hospital patient treatment may help to normalize it, even if the effects remained small and it needs further research to prove causality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sina Westbomke
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Kathrin Schag
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Birgit Derntl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen Center for Mental Health, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stephan Zipfel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Stengel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Charite - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Rafi H, Delavari F, Perroud N, Derome M, Debbané M. The continuum of attention dysfunction: Evidence from dynamic functional network connectivity analysis in neurotypical adolescents. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0279260. [PMID: 36662797 PMCID: PMC9858399 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The question of whether attention-related disorders such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are best understood as clinical categories or as extreme ends of a spectrum is an ongoing debate. Assessing individuals with varying degrees of attention problems and utilizing novel methodologies to assess relationships between attention and brain activity may provide key information to support the spectrum hypothesis. We scanned 91 neurotypical adolescents during rest using functional magnetic resonance imaging. We conducted static and dynamic functional network connectivity (FNC) analysis and correlated findings to behavioral metrics of ADHD, attention problems, and impulsivity. We found that dynamic FNC analysis detects significant differences in large-scale neural connectivity as a function of individual differences in attention and impulsivity that are obscured in static analysis. We show ADHD manifestations and attention problems are associated with diminished Salience Network-centered FNC and that ADHD manifestations and impulsivity are associated with prolonged periods of dynamically hyperconnected states. Importantly, our meta-state analysis results reveal a relationship between ADHD manifestations and exhibiting variable and volatile dynamic behavior such as changing meta-states more often and traveling over a greater dynamic range. These findings in non-clinical adolescents provide support for the continuum model of attention disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Halima Rafi
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Developmental Clinical Psychology Research Unit, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry, Developmental Neuroimaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Farnaz Delavari
- Department of Psychiatry, Developmental Neuroimaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Medical Image Processing Lab, Institute of Bioengineering, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nader Perroud
- Department of Psychiatry, Service of Psychiatric Specialties, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Mélodie Derome
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Developmental Clinical Psychology Research Unit, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry, Developmental Neuroimaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Martin Debbané
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Developmental Clinical Psychology Research Unit, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry, Developmental Neuroimaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational & Health Psychology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Borg D, Hall K, Youssef GJ, Sloan E, Graeme L, Moulding R. Examining the role of brooding, distress, and negative urgency in dysregulated behaviors: A cross-sectional study in treatment-seeking young people. J Clin Psychol 2022; 78:2538-2563. [PMID: 35506609 PMCID: PMC9790647 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.23366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dysregulated behaviors including substance use, disordered eating, and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) have significant negative implications for individuals and health systems. It is therefore paramount to understand factors influencing behavioral dysregulation, to inform prevention and treatment approaches. The literature suggests that distress and rumination (brooding) prompt individuals to engage in behavioral dysregulation for distraction (Emotional Cascade Model), although these concepts have limited investigation in clinical, treatment-seeking samples, particularly alongside negative urgency. This cross-sectional study sought to examine the relationships of brooding, distress, and negative urgency with behavioral dysregulation, as well as the moderating effect of negative urgency between brooding and behavioral dysregulation, in treatment-seeking young people. METHOD A total of 385 treatment-seeking young people completed cross-sectional, self-report measures of distress, rumination, negative urgency, and engagement in dysregulated behaviors (NSSI, alcohol use, drug use, binge eating, and purging) over the past 1-3 months. RESULTS Structural equation modeling revealed that only negative urgency, and not brooding or distress, had a significant positive relationship with behavioral dysregulation. Negative urgency did not significantly moderate the relationship between brooding and behavioral dysregulation. CONCLUSIONS These findings reinforce the importance of considering negative urgency in the conceptualization, prevention, and treatment of behavioral dysregulation, and contribute to the knowledge of the relationship between brooding and various dysregulated behaviors within a treatment-seeking sample.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dana Borg
- School of PsychologyDeakin UniversityGeelongVictoriaAustralia
| | - Kate Hall
- School of PsychologyDeakin UniversityGeelongVictoriaAustralia,Centre for Social and Early Emotional DevelopmentDeakin UniversityGeelongVictoriaAustralia
| | - George J. Youssef
- School of PsychologyDeakin UniversityGeelongVictoriaAustralia,Centre for Social and Early Emotional DevelopmentDeakin UniversityGeelongVictoriaAustralia,Center for Adolescent HealthMurdoch Children's Research InstituteMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Elise Sloan
- School of PsychologyDeakin UniversityGeelongVictoriaAustralia
| | - Liam Graeme
- School of PsychologyDeakin UniversityGeelongVictoriaAustralia,Centre for Social and Early Emotional DevelopmentDeakin UniversityGeelongVictoriaAustralia
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Groskurth K, Nießen D, Rammstedt B, Lechner CM. The impulsive behavior short scale-8 (I-8): A comprehensive validation of the English-language adaptation. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0273801. [PMID: 36067178 PMCID: PMC9447926 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The Impulsive Behavior Short Scale-8 (I-8) measures the psychological construct of impulsivity with four subscales comprising two items each (completion time < 1 min). The aim of the present study was threefold: (1) to assess the psychometric properties (objectivity, reliability, and validity) of the English-language I-8; (2) to compare these psychometric properties with those of the original German-language source version of the scale; and (3) to test the cross-national comparability of the scale via measurement invariance tests. For this purpose, we used heterogeneous quota samples from the UK and Germany. Our results indicate that I-8 is a reliable and valid short scale with highly comparable psychometric properties across both language versions. In addition, I-8 showed a highly similar correlational pattern with various extraneous variables across the two nations. Furthermore, partial scalar invariance and full invariance of residual variances held, allowing the comparison of latent means and observed (co)variances across nations. I-8 lends itself as a measure of impulsive behavior especially in surveys in which assessment time is limited, such as in large-scale cross-national surveys.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Désirée Nießen
- GESIS–Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cyberbullying among Adolescents in Egypt: A Call for Correlates with Sense of Emotional Security and Psychological Capital Profile. J Pediatr Nurs 2021; 61:e99-e105. [PMID: 34023178 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2021.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Modern technology created a borderless world that generated a new covert psychological form of bullying conveyed through electronic mediums. Cyberbullying phenomenon could infiltrate adolescents' personal life and undermine their psychological health status. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between Egyptian adolescents' exposure to cyberbullying and their sense of emotional security and psychological capital profile. DESIGN AND METHOD A descriptive correlational study was carried out at eight youth centers in Alexandria, Egypt. A random selection of 400 adolescents completed the Cyberbullying Exposure and Psychological Capital Questionnaires. They also rated their emotions on the Security-Insecurity Inventory. RESULTS The total mean score of emotional security among adolescents cybervictims was 68.34 ± 27.83 compared to 109.16 ± 24.63 for those who did not expose to cyberbullying (t = -12.16, P < 0.001). Likewise, the total mean score of the psychological capital profile was low among cybervictims (61.76 ± 2.65) compared to those who had not been cyberbullied (99.94 ± 5.52), p = 0.003. CONCLUSION Adolescents' sense of emotional security and psychological capital profile were negatively correlated with their exposure to cyberbullying. National campaigns should be launched to raise adolescents' awareness of cyberbullying threats. PRACTICE IMPLICATION Our findings bear important nursing implications regarding the prevention and management of cyberbullying phenomenon. Cyberbullying could be combated by adopting school-based interventions and parents' guidelines. Schools should offer anti-cyberbullying programs, while the nurse should instruct parents to keep an open channel of communication with their children, indirectly supervise their online behaviors, remain vigilant for the indicators of cybervictimization, and intervene when necessary. The nurses also play a crucial role in equipping the adolescents with the proper way to handle such problems.
Collapse
|
13
|
Donati MA, Beccari C, Bacherini A, Capitanucci D, Primi C. Psychometric properties of the short UPPS-P scale in adolescents: Gender, age invariance, and validity among italian youth. Addict Behav 2021; 120:106987. [PMID: 34034003 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.106987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Impulsivity is a multifaceted construct associated with poor planning skills, difficulty in maintaining attention, and behavioral disinhibition-especially in conditions of highly activated affective states. Impulsivity plays a prominent role in adolescents, in whom high levels of impulsivity expose them to a greater risk of exhibiting risky behaviors or developing pathological conditions. Currently, one of the most popular frameworks to explain and assess impulsivity is the UPPS-P, which distinguishes between five impulsivity components, and from which the UPPS-P Scale and its short form are derived. In light of the relatively low number of psychometric analyses of the scale in adolescents, this study aimed to verify the psychometric properties of the Short UPPS-P Scale among Italian adolescents. The participants were 647 adolescents (68% males, mean age = 16.9, SD = 1.1 years). Confirmatory factor analysis supported the five-factor model of the scale, which was found to be invariant across gender and age and to have had good internal consistency values. Gender and age differences were also investigated. Evidence for validity was provided by supporting relationships between specific UPPS dimensions, gambling frequency, problem gambling, and problematic use of social networks. Overall, the findings showed that the Short UPPS-P Scale is a promising instrument to assess the multidimensional construct of impulsivity in adolescents in both research and clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Anna Donati
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug, and Child's Health, Section of Psychology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
| | - Carola Beccari
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug, and Child's Health, Section of Psychology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alice Bacherini
- Department of Philosophy, Social Sciences and Education, University of Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Caterina Primi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug, and Child's Health, Section of Psychology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Dimensions of impulsivity related to psychopathic traits and homicidal behavior among incarcerated male youth offenders. Psychiatry Res 2021; 303:114094. [PMID: 34274904 PMCID: PMC8373775 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.114094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Despite impulsivity being included as scoring criteria within several measures of youth psychopathic traits, the relationship between psychopathic traits and dimensions of impulsivity among high-risk youth is not well-understood. Here we assessed psychopathic traits via total, factor, and facet scores from the Psychopathy Checklist: Youth Version (PCL:YV) and impulsivity through total, three-factor, and six-factor model scores from the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) in incarcerated male youth offenders. Correlational analyses indicated PCL:YV total, Factor 2, Facet 3, and Facet 4 scores were significantly positively correlated with BIS-11 total scores. Additionally, psychopathy scores were significantly positively correlated with specific scores from the three-factor model of the BIS-11 (e.g. Motor and Non-Planning Impulsivity scores) and the six-factor model of the BIS-11 (e.g., Attention, Self-Control, and Cognitive Complexity Impulsivity scores). Secondary analyses suggest that participants who had previously committed homicide scored higher on lifestyle/antisocial psychopathic traits and specific dimensions of impulsivity (e.g., BIS-11 Non-Planning and Self-Control Impulsivity factor scores) compared to youth who had not previously committed homicide. Our results improve our understanding of the specific forms of impulsivity significantly correlated with youth psychopathic traits and how specific factors underlying both constructs potentially characterize youth associated with severe forms of antisocial behavior.
Collapse
|
15
|
Chai Y, Chimelis-Santiago JR, Bixler KA, Aalsma M, Yu M, Hulvershorn LA. Sex-specific frontal-striatal connectivity differences among adolescents with externalizing disorders. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2021; 32:102789. [PMID: 34469847 PMCID: PMC8405840 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sex-specific neurobiological underpinnings of impulsivity in youth with externalizing disorders have not been well studied. The only report of functional connectivity (FC) findings in this area demonstrated sex differences in fronto-subcortical connectivity in youth with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHODS The current study used functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI) to examine sex differences in resting-state seed-based FC, self-rated impulsivity, and their interactions in 11-12-year-old boys (n = 43) and girls (n = 43) with externalizing disorders. Generalized linear models controlling for pubertal development were used. Seeds were chosen in the ventral striatum, medial prefrontal cortex, middle frontal gyrus and amygdala. RESULTS Impulsivity scores were greater in boys than girls (p < 0.05). Boys showed greater positive connectivity within a ventromedial prefrontal-ventral striatal network. In addition, boys demonstrated weaker connectivity than girls within two medial-lateral prefrontal cortical networks. However, only boys showed greater medial-lateral prefrontal connectivity correlated with greater impulsivity. CONCLUSIONS The findings provide evidence supporting sex differences in both ventral striatal-ventromedial prefrontal and medial-lateral prefrontal functional networks in youth with externalizing disorders. These important networks are thought to be implicated in impulse control. Medial-lateral prefrontal connectivity may represent a male-specific biomarker of impulsivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya Chai
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - Kristy A Bixler
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Matthew Aalsma
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Meichen Yu
- Indiana Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Indiana University Network Science Institute, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Leslie A Hulvershorn
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Szkody E, Rogers MM, McKinney C. The role of emotional and instrumental support from parents on facets of emerging adult impulsivity. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2020.110261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
17
|
Food Addiction and Cognitive Functioning: What Happens in Adolescents? Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12123633. [PMID: 33255973 PMCID: PMC7760275 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine cognitive factors associated to food addiction (FA) symptoms in a non-clinical sample of adolescents. A group of 25 adolescents (12–18 years; Mean age = 15.2 years) with a high level of FA symptoms (two and more) were compared to a control group without FA symptoms (n = 25), matched on sex and age, on four Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) neuropsychological tasks (MT: Multitasking Test; OTS: One Touch Stockings of Cambridge; SST: Stop Signal Task; RVP: Rapid Visual Information Processing). They were also compared on self-reported questionnaires assessing binge eating, depressive and anxiety symptoms, impulsivity levels, as well as executive functioning difficulties. Group comparisons did not show significant differences on neuropsychological tasks’ performances. However, effect sizes’ estimates showed small to medium effect sizes on three scores: adolescents with a high level of FA symptoms showed a higher probability of an error following an incorrect answer (OTS), a higher probability of false alarm, and a poorer target sensitivity (RVP). When referring to self-reported measurements, they reported significantly more executive functioning difficulties, more binge eating, depressive symptoms and higher impulsivity levels. Overall, results suggested that cognitive difficulties related to FA symptoms seem to manifest themselves more clearly when assessing daily activities with a self-reported questionnaire, which in turn are strongly related to overeating behaviors and psychological symptoms. Future longitudinal research is needed to examine the evolution of those variables, their relationships, and contribution in obesity onset. More precisely, the present findings highlighted the importance of affective difficulties related to this condition, as well as the need to take them into account in its assessment.
Collapse
|
18
|
Sellami R, Bouattour W, Baati I, Feki I, Masmoudi J. Relation entre alexithymie et impulsivité dans un échantillon d’adolescents scolarisés de la région de Sfax, Tunisie. ANNALES MEDICO-PSYCHOLOGIQUES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2019.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
19
|
López Steinmetz LC, Godoy JC, Fong SB. Altitude and latitude variations in trait-impulsivity, depression, anxiety, suicidal risk, and negative alcohol-related consequences in Argentinean adolescents. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04529. [PMID: 32775719 PMCID: PMC7394869 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aims of this research were threefold: 1) to analyze mental health state both general (GMHS, i.e., self-perceived health and psychological distress) and specific (SMHS; i.e., depression, trait-anxiety, negative alcohol-related consequences, and suicidal risk), and impulsivity-related traits (i.e., negative urgency, positive urgency, [lack of] perseverance, [lack of] premeditation, and sensation seeking) in a sample of Argentinean adolescent college students, in function of sex (women, men) and three different altitude-latitude regions (high-north, middle-center, low-south), for identifying common and specific features; 2) to analyze relationships between impulsivity-related traits and indicators of GMHS and SMHS, in the entire sample and in each altitude-latitude region, for understanding the importance of impulsivity-related traits in these forms of mental disorders; and 3) to analyze bivariate relationships between depression, trait-anxiety, negative alcohol-related consequences, and suicidal risk, in the entire sample and considering the three altitude-latitude regions, for testing two-disorder comorbidities. Scores on impulsivity-related traits differed by sex and by altitude-latitude region. GMHS and SMHS differed by sex but not by altitude-latitude region. Several relationships were found between impulsivity-related traits, GMHS, and SMHS as well as between indicators of SMHS. Some of these relationships were dependent on altitude-latitude regions, and implications of these findings were discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Cecilia López Steinmetz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas (IIPsi), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC) y Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
- Universidad Siglo 21, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Juan Carlos Godoy
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC), Facultad de Psicología, Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas (IIPsi) y Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Shao Bing Fong
- University of Melbourne. Faculty of Science, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Laube C, Lorenz R, van den Bos W. Pubertal testosterone correlates with adolescent impatience and dorsal striatal activity. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2020; 42:100749. [PMID: 31942858 PMCID: PMC7242510 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2019.100749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent self-report and behavioral studies have demonstrated that pubertal testosterone is related to an increase in risky and impulsive behavior. Yet, the mechanisms underlying such a relationship are poorly understood. Findings from both human and rodent studies point towards distinct striatal pathways including the ventral and dorsal striatum as key target regions for pubertal hormones. In this study we investigated task-related impatience of boys between 10 and 15 years of age (N = 75), using an intertemporal choice task combined with measures of functional magnetic resonance imaging and hormonal assessment. Increased levels of testosterone were associated with a greater response bias towards choosing the smaller sooner option. Furthermore, our results show that testosterone specifically modulates the dorsal, not ventral, striatal pathway. These results provide novel insights into our understanding of adolescent impulsive and risky behaviors and how pubertal hormones are related to neural processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Laube
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Robert Lorenz
- Center for Adaptive Rationality, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wouter van den Bos
- Center for Adaptive Rationality, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany; Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wang Y, Long J, Liu Y, Liu T, Billieux J. Psychometric Properties of the Chinese SUPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale: Factor Structure and Measurement Invariance Across Gender and Age. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:529949. [PMID: 33329077 PMCID: PMC7710909 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.529949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Impulsivity is widely recognized as a risk factor for a variety of mental disorders and problematic behaviors. The Short UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale (SUPPS-P) is an extensively used instrument to measure impulsivity in research and clinical settings. The current study primarily aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the SUPPS-P (C-SUPPS-P) among Chinese adolescents and emerging adults, and then to test its measurement invariance across gender and age. Methods: Data were collected from three vocational high schools and six colleges in Changsha, China. A total of 2,551 participants (20.1% male and 22.6% adolescents) completed the C-SUPPS-P and scales assessing addictive and problematic smartphone use, as well as emotional symptoms (anxiety, stress, depression). Four alternative models were examined and compared by using confirmatory factor analysis to determine the best factor structure of the C-SUPPS-P. Multigroup confirmatory factor analyses were used to test measurement invariance across gender and age. Results: A theory-driven five-factor structure consistent with the original scale was identified. All of the subscales had good internal consistency. The correlations observed with the other scales supported the construct validity of the C-SUPPS-P. Full measurement invariance was established across gender and age, and significant gender and age differences according to impulsivity facets were identified. Conclusions: The C-SUPPS-P presents a consistent factor structure, as well as reliability and validity that are equivalent to those of the original scale. The full measurement invariance shown across gender and age allows for intergroup comparisons. Overall, the C-SUPPS-P is a promising instrument to measure various impulsivity traits in Chinese adolescents and emerging adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, The China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Health Disorders (Xiangya), Chinese National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Mental Health Institute of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiang Long
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology, Psychological Science Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Yueheng Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, The China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Health Disorders (Xiangya), Chinese National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Mental Health Institute of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tieqiao Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, The China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Health Disorders (Xiangya), Chinese National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Mental Health Institute of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Joël Billieux
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Soares LS, Costa DDS, Malloy-Diniz LF, Romano-Silva MA, de Paula JJ, de Miranda DM. Investigation on the Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Effect on Infatuation and Impulsivity in Adolescents. Front Behav Neurosci 2019; 13:137. [PMID: 31354442 PMCID: PMC6630926 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction In this study, we proposed to investigate the association between infatuation/passionate love and impulsivity in a context of potential high impulsivity: adolescents with attention deficit and hyperactivity/impulsivity (ADHD) diagnosis compared with typically developing adolescents. Methods Impulsivity was understood as an exploratory and a sensation seeking behavior, a trend to engage in novel and exciting activities, and was evaluated using the UPPS Impulsive Behavior Scale. Eighty-one adolescents from 13-to-18 years old with and without ADHD diagnosis were compared regarding infatuation intensity, behavioral impulsivity, and social and educational profiles. Results After correlation analysis, we found association between higher scores on the infatuation intensity with fewer years of formal education, heightened urgency and sensation seeking. On the other hand, using the generalized equation model, we showed that the association of passionate love with behavioral urgency and sensation seeking did not change in the presence of the ADHD diagnosis. Conclusion The understanding of the relationship of impulsivity with infatuation might help to clarify why some population groups show an increased risk for many negative social outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorrayne Stephane Soares
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Danielle de Souza Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Leandro Fernandes Malloy-Diniz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Department of Mental Health, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Marco Aurélio Romano-Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Department of Mental Health, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Jonas Jardim de Paula
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Department of Psychology, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Débora Marques de Miranda
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Department of Pediatrics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Rodrigue C, Gearhardt AN, Bégin C. Food Addiction in Adolescents: Exploration of psychological symptoms and executive functioning difficulties in a non-clinical sample. Appetite 2019; 141:104303. [PMID: 31145945 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2019.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies on food addiction (FA) provided a better understanding of this condition in various populations. Indeed, authors have shown that FA was nearly as prevalent in adolescents as in adults, and similar correlates were observed in both populations (disordered eating behaviors, depressive and anxiety symptoms, impulsivity). The aim of the present study was to characterize FA in adolescents, according to psychological symptoms and executive functioning difficulties. A sample of 969 adolescents, aged between 12 and 18 years old, was recruited in the Quebec City area. They completed a series of questionnaires, including the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 to measure FA symptoms, the Behaviour Rating Inventory of Executive Function to measure executive functioning difficulties, as well as other self-reported questionnaires assessing psychological symptoms (depressive and anxiety symptoms, impulsivity). Group comparisons showed that adolescents with a high level of FA symptoms reported significantly more psychological symptoms (binge eating, depression, anxiety, impulsivity), and more executive functioning difficulties. Finally, the relationship between FA symptoms and executive functioning difficulties was moderated by age and sex. More precisely, the previously mentioned relationship was stronger in young teen girls. The present work provides a preliminary framework in the developmental study of FA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Rodrigue
- School of Psychology, Laval University Félix-Antoine-Savard Pavilion, Laval University, 2325 Bibliotheques' Street, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Ashley N Gearhardt
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, 1004 East Hall 530 Church Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1043, USA.
| | - Catherine Bégin
- School of Psychology, Laval University Félix-Antoine-Savard Pavilion, Laval University, 2325 Bibliotheques' Street, Quebec, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Claréus B, Daukantaitė D, Wångby-Lundh M, Lundh LG. Validation of a Swedish version of the short UPPS-P impulsive behavior scale among young adults. Addict Behav Rep 2017; 6:118-122. [PMID: 29450246 PMCID: PMC5800581 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The UPPS-P model of impulsivity proposes that impulsivity comprises five distinct facets-negative urgency, positive urgency, lack of premeditation, lack of perseverance, and sensation seeking. The UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale has been used to measure these facets. The purpose of the current study was to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of a Swedish version of the 20-item UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale (SUPPS-P). The sample comprised 343 Swedish young adults (Mage = 24.21, SD = 2.01; 27% men, 2% other or undisclosed gender identity) who answered a questionnaire including the SUPPS-P; Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21); and questions regarding their alcohol consumption and substance use. Confirmatory factor analysis supported a 5-factor, inter-correlated model, where each subscale of the SUPPS-P constitutes one latent variable. The convergent validity was established by replicating previously found correlations between the different impulsivity facets and depression, anxiety, frequency of alcohol consumption, and substance use. The internal consistency was acceptable for all the SUPPS-P subscales (Cronbach's α = 0.65-0.78, McDonald's ω = 0.65-0.79), except lack of perseverance (Cronbach's α = 0.60, McDonald's ω = 0.61). Thus, while the Swedish version of the SUPPS-P is suitable for assessing impulsivity in Swedish young adult samples, further research is needed to improve the psychometric properties of the lack of perseverance subscale.
Collapse
|
25
|
Hershberger AR, Um M, Cyders MA. The relationship between the UPPS-P impulsive personality traits and substance use psychotherapy outcomes: A meta-analysis. Drug Alcohol Depend 2017; 178:408-416. [PMID: 28709080 PMCID: PMC5561735 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although impulsive personality traits have been well implicated in substance use disorder (SUD) risk, little work has established how specific impulsive personality traits influence and are influenced by SUD psychotherapy outcomes. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to quantitatively review existing work to examine 1) how impulsive personality traits affect SUD psychotherapy outcomes and 2) reductions in impulsive personality traits during SUD psychotherapy. METHODS Studies were identified by conducting a comprehensive review of the literature. RESULTS For aim one (k=6), significant effects were found for lack of premeditation (g=0.60, SE=0.30, 95% CI 0.01-1.20; z=1.99, p=0.05) and negative urgency (g=0.55, SE=0.17, 95% CI 0.22-0.88, z=3.30, p=0.001), with trait scores related to poorer SUD psychotherapy outcomes. For aim two (k=10), decreases in sensation seeking (g=-0.10, SE=0.05, 95% CI -0.20 to 0.004; z=-1.88, p=0.02) and negative urgency (g=-0.25, SE=0.14, 95% CI -0.53 to 0.03; z=-1.75, p=0.03) during SUD psychotherapy were significant. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our quantitative synthesis suggests that lack of premeditation and negative urgency are related to poorer SUD psychotherapy outcomes. Although negative urgency and sensation seeking are decreasing during SUD psychotherapy, the magnitude of the change is quite small. Overall, we suggest that the measurement and targeting of impulsive personality traits in psychotherapy has strong potential to improve clinical outcomes across SUDs and a wide range of clinical problems and disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra R Hershberger
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University - Purdue University, Indianapolis, 402 North Blackford Street, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202, United States.
| | - Miji Um
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University - Purdue University, Indianapolis, 402 North Blackford Street, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202, United States
| | - Melissa A Cyders
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University - Purdue University, Indianapolis, 402 North Blackford Street, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202, United States
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Laube C, Suleiman AB, Johnson M, Dahl RE, van den Bos W. Dissociable effects of age and testosterone on adolescent impatience. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2017; 80:162-169. [PMID: 28363134 PMCID: PMC9068513 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The onset of adolescence is associated with an increase in transgressive behaviours-from juvenile delinquency to substance use and unprotected sex-that are often attributed to increased impulsiveness. In the past, this increase was ascribed to "raging hormones"; more recently, to an imbalance in the maturation of different brain regions. However, it remains unclear how these large-scale biological changes impact specific processes that result in impulsive decisions, namely, sensitivity to immediate rewards and general discounting of future options. To gain further insight into these questions, we used an intertemporal choice task to investigate the role of testosterone in impatient decision-making in boys at the developmental transition to adolescence (N=72, ages 11-14). Our results suggest that increased testosterone (but not age) is related to increased sensitivity to immediate rewards, whereas increased age (but not testosterone) is related to a reduction in general impatience. These results are discussed in the context of recent neurobiological models of adolescent development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Laube
- Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Megan Johnson
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, United States
| | - Ronald E. Dahl
- Institute for Human Development, University of California, Berkeley, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Nordvall O, Neely AS, Jonsson B. Self-Reported Impulsivity and its Relation to Executive Functions in Interned Youth. PSYCHIATRY, PSYCHOLOGY, AND LAW : AN INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF THE AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND ASSOCIATION OF PSYCHIATRY, PSYCHOLOGY AND LAW 2017; 24:910-922. [PMID: 31983999 PMCID: PMC6818424 DOI: 10.1080/13218719.2017.1327312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In adolescence, antisocial behaviors increase in prevalence, an occurrence that has been related to the parallel increase of impulsive behaviors. However, impulsivity is a conglomerate of unidimensional impulsigenic traits, divided into aspects of behavioral dyscontrol and sensation seeking. In the present study, we examine how these traits differ between interned youth and an aged-matched control group, and how they relate to executive functioning. Results indicate that impulsigenic traits related to behavioral dyscontrol, but not sensation seeking, are more pronounced in interned adolescents. Also, executive functioning was predictive of lack of premeditation, a trait specifically related to antisocial behavior. One implication of this is that interventions improving executive functioning could be beneficial in the rehabilitation of interned adolescents with impulsivity-related problems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olov Nordvall
- Department of Psychology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anna Stigsdotter Neely
- Department of Psychology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Social and Psychological Studies, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Bert Jonsson
- Department of Psychology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
De-Sola J, Talledo H, Rubio G, de Fonseca FR. Psychological Factors and Alcohol Use in Problematic Mobile Phone Use in the Spanish Population. Front Psychiatry 2017; 8:11. [PMID: 28217101 PMCID: PMC5291168 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This research aims to study the existing relationships among the factors of state anxiety, depression, impulsivity, and alcohol consumption regarding problematic mobile phone use, as assessed by the Mobile Phone Problem Use Scale. The study was conducted among 1,126 participants recruited among the general Spanish population, aged 16-65 years, by assessing the predictive value of these variables regarding this problematic use. Initially tobacco use was also considered being subsequently refused because of the low internal consistency of the scale used. In general terms, the results show that this problematic use is mainly related to state anxiety and impulsivity, through the dimensions of Positive and Negative Urgency. Considering its predictive value, multiple regression analysis reveals that state anxiety, positive and negative urgency, and alcohol consumption may predict problematic mobile phone use, ruling out the influence of depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José De-Sola
- Faculty of Psychology, Department of Psychobiology, Complutense University of Madrid (Universidad Complutense de Madrid) , Madrid , Spain
| | - Hernán Talledo
- St. Ignatius of Loyola University (Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola) , Lima , Peru
| | - Gabriel Rubio
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre , Madrid , Spain
| | - Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca
- Faculty of Psychology, Department of Psychobiology, Complutense University of Madrid (Universidad Complutense de Madrid), Madrid, Spain; Mental Health Clinical Management Unit, Institute of Biomedical Research in Malaga, University Regional Hospital of Malaga (Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga - IBIMA, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga), Malaga, Spain; Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Maneiro L, Gómez-Fraguela JA, Cutrín O, Romero E. Impulsivity traits as correlates of antisocial behaviour in adolescents. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2016.08.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
30
|
VanderVeen JD, Hershberger AR, Cyders MA. UPPS-P model impulsivity and marijuana use behaviors in adolescents: A meta-analysis. Drug Alcohol Depend 2016; 168:181-190. [PMID: 27682358 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impulsivity is often included as a risk factor in models of adolescent marijuana use behaviors; however, the magnitude of the association between impulsivity and marijuana use behaviors is variable across studies. The present study reviewed existent literature to 1) quantify the relationship between separable impulsivity-related traits and both marijuana use and negative marijuana consequences and 2) quantify the size of the effect of gender on these relationships. METHOD Thirty-eight studies (41 independent samples) were meta-analyzed using a random effects model to examine the relationship between impulsivity traits and marijuana use behaviors. RESULTS Marijuana use was significantly related to all impulsivity-related traits except lack of perseverance (r's ranging from 0.13-0.23, p's<0.01). Negative marijuana consequences were only significantly related to sensation seeking, lack of planning, and positive urgency (r's ranging from 0.37-0.39, p's<0.01). Effects were small for marijuana use, but medium for negative marijuana consequences. Gender was not a significant moderator of any relationships. CONCLUSIONS Impulsivity-related traits had more robust relationships with negative marijuana consequences than marijuana use, suggesting impulsivity-related traits are important in differentiating adolescents most likely to experience negative consequences from marijuana use. Few relationships examined gender and many of the impulsivity-related traits, other than sensation seeking. Data and trends suggest a more multi-dimensional approach to marijuana use and consequences is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Davis VanderVeen
- Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Department of Psychology, 402 N Blackford St., Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
| | - Alexandra R Hershberger
- Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Department of Psychology, 402 N Blackford St., Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Melissa A Cyders
- Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Department of Psychology, 402 N Blackford St., Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
d’Acremont M, Van der Linden M. Gender differences in two decision-making tasks in a community sample of adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL DEVELOPMENT 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0165025406066740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In adolescence, externalized problems such as risk taking and antisocial behavior are more frequent in boys. This suggests that there are differences in the way boys and girls evaluate risk and make decisions during this period. To explore decision making and highlight possible gender differences, 124 adolescents at a junior secondary school completed two decision-making tasks: The Iowa Gambling Task (Bechara, Damasio, Damasio, & Anderson, 1994) and the Rogers Betting Task (Rogers et al., 1999). The results indicate that girls make more advantageous decisions on the Gambling Task and boys take more risks during the Betting Task. These results are discussed in light of the differing development of emotion, cognition, and brain structures in boys and girls.
Collapse
|
32
|
You J, Deng B, Lin MP, Leung F. The Interactive Effects of Impulsivity and Negative Emotions on Adolescent Nonsuicidal Self-injury: A Latent Growth Curve Analysis. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2016; 46:266-83. [PMID: 26436464 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.12192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
This study employed latent growth curve analysis to evaluate the interactive effects of two specific facets of impulsivity (i.e., negative urgency [NU] and premeditation [PRE]) and negative emotions (NE) on the developmental trajectory of nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) among 3,453 (57% females) Chinese community adolescents. Participants completed questionnaires assessing NSSI, NU, PRE, and NE (i.e., depression, anxiety, and stress) at three waves of time. The initial levels of NE and NU significantly predicted the initial level of NSSI. Changes in NE and NU significantly predicted change in NSSI. Moreover, the initial levels of NU and PRE significantly moderated the relationship between the initial levels of NE and NSSI, such that among individuals with higher NU or less PRE, the three NE were associated with a higher level of NSSI. Additionally, among individuals with a faster increase in NU, depression and anxiety were associated with a faster increase in NSSI. These findings suggest that adolescents with trait impulsivity, especially in the form of NU, are more vulnerable to the engagement in NSSI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianing You
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application & School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baoping Deng
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application & School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min-Pei Lin
- Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Freedom Leung
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Deplus S, Billieux J, Scharff C, Philippot P. A Mindfulness-Based Group Intervention for Enhancing Self-Regulation of Emotion in Late Childhood and Adolescence: A Pilot Study. Int J Ment Health Addict 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-015-9627-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
|
34
|
Reniers RLEP, Beavan A, Keogan L, Furneaux A, Mayhew S, Wood SJ. Is it all in the reward? Peers influence risk-taking behaviour in young adulthood. Br J Psychol 2016; 108:276-295. [PMID: 26990740 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The presence of peers is suggested to increase risk-taking behaviour by heightening response to reward. The current study investigated this using a computerized financial risk-taking task which was performed twice by a group of young adults (n = 201, median age 19.8 years): once alone and once while in the presence of two peers. An overall increase in risk-taking was observed when with peers compared to when alone (CHANGE). CHANGE was positively associated with self-reported levels of reward responsiveness and fun seeking while older age and lack of perseverance were associated with reduced CHANGE. The association between risk-taking when with peers and both resistance to the influence of peers and age was indirect through reward responsiveness. Reward responsiveness was positively associated with impulsiveness. Only in those who showed a peer-related decrease in risk-taking (1/3 of participants), risk-taking in the presence of peers was associated with increased impulsiveness. The current findings suggest an important role for reward responsiveness in risk-taking behaviour and demonstrate the influence of peers. Increased understanding of these processes has direct implications for prevention and intervention efforts. Placing risk-taking behaviour within varying (social) contexts with an eye for differences in personality, development, and emotions provides ample scope for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Stephen J Wood
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, UK.,Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Badoud D, Billieux J, Eliez S, Imhof A, Heller P, Eytan A, Debbané M. Covariance and specificity in adolescent schizotypal and borderline trait expression. Early Interv Psychiatry 2015; 9:378-87. [PMID: 24428891 DOI: 10.1111/eip.12120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/07/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The first aim of the present study is to assess the overlap between borderline and schizotypal traits during adolescence. The second objective is to examine whether some psychological factors (i.e. cognitive coping mechanisms, impulsivity and encoding style) are differentially related to borderline and schizotypal traits and may therefore improve the efficiency of clinical assessments. METHODS One hundred nineteen community adolescents (57 male) aged from 12 to 19 years completed a set of questionnaires evaluating the expression of borderline and schizotypal traits as well as cognitive emotion regulation (CER), impulsivity and encoding style. RESULTS Our data first yielded a strong correlation between borderline and schizotypal scores (r = 0.70, P < 0.001). Secondly, linear regression models indicated that the 'catastrophizing' CER strategy and the 'lack of premeditation' impulsivity facet accounted for the level of borderline traits, whereas an internal encoding style predominantly explained schizotypal traits. CONCLUSIONS Our results support the abundant literature showing that borderline and schizotypal traits frequently co-occur. Moreover, we provide original data indicating that borderline and schizotypal traits during adolescence are linked to different specific psychological mechanisms. Thus, we underline the importance of considering these mechanisms in clinical assessments, in particular to help disentangle personality disorder traits in youths.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Badoud
- Adolescence Clinical Psychology Research Unit, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Joël Billieux
- Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Catholic University of Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Stephan Eliez
- Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Anouk Imhof
- Office Médico-Pédagogique, Clinical Outpatient Service of Geneva State, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Heller
- Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospital of Geneva, Chêne-Bourg, Switzerland
| | - Ariel Eytan
- Office Médico-Pédagogique, Clinical Outpatient Service of Geneva State, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Martin Debbané
- Adolescence Clinical Psychology Research Unit, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Yau YH, Potenza MN, Mayes LC, Crowley MJ. Blunted feedback processing during risk-taking in adolescents with features of problematic Internet use. Addict Behav 2015; 45:156-63. [PMID: 25679363 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2015.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Revised: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
While the conceptualization of problematic Internet use (PIU) as a "behavioral addiction" resembling substance-use disorders is debated, the neurobiological underpinnings of PIU remain understudied. This study examined whether adolescents displaying features of PIU (at-risk PIU; ARPIU) are more impulsive and exhibit blunted responding in the neural mechanisms underlying feedback processing and outcome evaluation during risk-taking. Event-related potentials (ERPs) elicited by positive (i.e. reward) and negative (i.e. loss) feedback were recorded during performance on a modified version of the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART) among ARPIU (n=39) and non-ARPIU subjects (n=27). Compared to non-ARPIU, ARPIU adolescents displayed higher levels of urgency and lack of perseverance on the UPPS Impulsive Behavior Scale. Although no between-group difference in BART performance was observed, ERPs demonstrated overall decreased sensitivity to feedback in ARPIU compared to non-ARPIU adolescents, as indexed by blunted feedback-related negativity (FRN) and P300 amplitudes to both negative and positive feedback. The present study provides evidence for feedback processing during risk-taking as a neural correlate of ARPIU. Given recent concerns regarding the growing prevalence of PIU as a health concern, future work should examine the extent to which feedback processing may represent a risk factor for PIU, a consequence of PIU, or possibly both.
Collapse
|
37
|
Deleuze J, Rochat L, Romo L, Van der Linden M, Achab S, Thorens G, Khazaal Y, Zullino D, Maurage P, Rothen S, Billieux J. Prevalence and characteristics of addictive behaviors in a community sample: A latent class analysis. Addict Behav Rep 2015. [PMID: 29531979 PMCID: PMC5845955 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
While addictions to substances such as alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs have been extensively investigated, interest has been growing in potential non-substance-related addictive behaviors (e.g., excessive gambling, buying or playing video games). In the current study, we sought to determine the prevalence and characteristics of a wide range of addictive behaviors in a general population sample and to identify reliable subgroups of individuals displaying addictive behaviors. Seven hundred seventy participants completed an online survey. The survey screened for the presence and characteristics of the main recognized substance and behavioral addictions (alcohol, tobacco, cannabis, other drugs, gambling, compulsive shopping, intensive exercise, Internet and mobile phone overuse, intensive work involvement, and overeating) in a three-month period. Key aspects of addiction were measured for each reported behavior, including negative outcomes, emotional triggers (positive and negative emotional contexts), search for stimulation or pleasure, loss of control, and cognitive salience. Latent class analysis allowed us to identify three theoretically and clinically relevant subgroups of individuals. The first class groups problematic users, i.e., addiction-prone individuals. The second class groups at-risk users who frequently engage in potentially addictive behaviors to regulate emotional states (especially overinvolvement in common behaviors such as eating, working, or buying). The third class groups individuals who are not prone to addictive behaviors. The existence of different groups in the population sheds new light on the distinction between problematic and non-problematic addiction-like behaviors. The study screened for addictive behaviors in a large community sample. Three-month prevalence was established for substance and behavioral addictions. Subgroups of individuals were identified based on addictive behavior prevalence. Substance use/excessive behaviors are most often not related to addiction symptoms. A subgroup of addiction-prone individuals was identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jory Deleuze
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Lucien Rochat
- Cognitive Psychopathology and Neuropsychology Unit, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lucia Romo
- Clinique Psychanalyse Développement (CLIPSYD), University Paris Ouest-Nanterre la Défense, Paris, France
| | - Martial Van der Linden
- Cognitive Psychopathology and Neuropsychology Unit, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sophia Achab
- Addictology Division, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gabriel Thorens
- Addictology Division, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yasser Khazaal
- Addictology Division, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Daniele Zullino
- Addictology Division, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Maurage
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Stéphane Rothen
- Addictology Division, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Joël Billieux
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Reid RC, Cyders MA, Moghaddam JF, Fong TW. Psychometric properties of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale in patients with gambling disorders, hypersexuality, and methamphetamine dependence. Addict Behav 2014; 39:1640-1645. [PMID: 24314714 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2013.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Revised: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Although the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS; Patton, Stanford, & Barratt, 1995) is a widely-used self-report measure of impulsivity, there have been numerous questions about the invariance of the factor structure across clinical populations (Haden & Shiva, 2008, 2009; Ireland & Archer, 2008). The goal of this article is to examine the factor structure of the BIS among a sample consisting of three populations exhibiting addictive behaviors and impulsivity: pathological gamblers, hypersexual patients, and individuals seeking treatment for methamphetamine dependence to determine if modification to the existing factors might improve the psychometric properties of the BIS. The current study found that the factor structure of the BIS does not replicate in this sample and instead produces a 12-item three-factor solution consisting of motor-impulsiveness (5 items), non-planning impulsiveness (3 items), and immediacy impulsiveness (4 items). The clinical utility of the BIS in this population is questionable. The authors suggest future studies to investigate comparisons with this modified version of the BIS and other impulsivity scales such as the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale in clinical populations when assessing disposition toward rash action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rory C Reid
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, United States.
| | - Melissa A Cyders
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, United States
| | - Jacquelene F Moghaddam
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Timothy W Fong
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, United States
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
A meta-analytic review of the relationship between adolescent risky sexual behavior and impulsivity across gender, age, and race. Clin Psychol Rev 2014; 34:551-62. [PMID: 25261740 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2014.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Revised: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impulsivity is frequently included as a risk factor in models of adolescent sexual risk-taking; however, findings on the magnitude of association between impulsivity and risky sexual behavior are variable across studies. The aims of the current meta-analysis were to examine (1) how specific impulsivity traits relate to specific risky sexual behaviors in adolescents, and (2) how the impulsivity-risky sex relationship might differ across gender, age, and race. METHOD Eighty-one studies were meta-analyzed using a random effects model to examine the overall impulsivity-risky sex relationship and relationships among specific impulsivity traits and risky sexual behaviors. RESULTS Overall, results revealed a significant, yet small, association between impulsivity and adolescent risky sexual behavior (r=0.19, p<0.001) that did not differ across impulsivity trait. A pattern of stronger effects was associated with risky sexual behaviors as compared to negative outcomes related to these behaviors. Gender moderated the overall relationship (β=0.22, p=0.04), such that effect sizes were significantly larger in samples with more females. Age, race, study design, and sample type did not moderate the relationship, although there was a pattern suggesting smaller effects for adolescents in juvenile detention settings. CONCLUSIONS Adolescent samples with more females showed a larger impulsivity-risky sex relationship, suggesting that impulsivity may be a more important risk factor for risky sex among adolescent females. Research and treatment should consider gender differences when investigating the role of impulsivity in adolescent sexual risk-taking.
Collapse
|
40
|
Badoud D, Billieux J, Van der Linden M, Eliez S, Debbané M. Encoding style and its relationships with schizotypal traits and impulsivity during adolescence. Psychiatry Res 2013; 210:1020-5. [PMID: 24021998 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2013.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2012] [Revised: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 08/17/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
This study intends to explore how individual differences in encoding style (i.e. how encoding is implicitly affected by pre-existing schemata, so called an internal style, versus by cues from the outside world, so called an external style) are associated with schizotypal traits and impulsivity expression during adolescence. Moreover, we aim to provide first evidence reliability for the encoding style questionnaire with an adolescent sample. 101 French-speaking community adolescents (Mage=16.06, S.D.age=2.01; 57 girls; primarily Caucasian) participated in a cross-sectional study. The whole sample filled out a battery of self-report questionnaires. Our data supports a positive association between a predominant internal encoding style, the level of positive and disorganized schizotypal traits, and a higher degree of urgency and sensation seeking impulsivity components. On the one hand, these results have clinical implications in the sense that a low level in implicit processing, namely encoding style, is involved in positive and disorganized schizotypal traits as well as in impulsivity. Schizotypal traits and impulsivity are two sets of traits that put youth at risk for the development of severe psychopathological states in adulthood. On the other hand, this research enables an increased understanding of encoding style by providing the first reliable assessment tool for French-speaking adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Badoud
- Adolescence Clinical Psychology Research Unit, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Wong G, Zane N, Saw A, Chan AKK. Examining gender differences for gambling engagement and gambling problems among emerging adults. J Gambl Stud 2013; 29:171-89. [PMID: 22585283 DOI: 10.1007/s10899-012-9305-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Gambling is fast becoming a public health problem in the United States, especially among emerging adults (18-25 year olds). Since 1995, rates have recently doubled with around 7-11 % of the emerging adult population having problems with gambling (Shaffer et al. in Am J Public Health 89(9):1369-1376, 1999; Cyders and Smith in Pers Individ Diff 45(6):503-508, 2008). Some states have lowered their gambling age to 18 years old; in turn, the gambling industry has recently oriented their market to target this younger population. However, little is known about the gender variation and the factors placing emerging adults at risk for getting engaged and developing problems with gambling. The purpose of the study was to determine the risk factors accounting for gender differences at the two levels of gambling involvement: engagement and problems. Mediation analyses revealed that impulsive coping and risk-taking were significant partial mediators for gender differences on engagement in gambling. Men took more risks and had lower levels of impulsive coping than women, and those who took more risks and had lower levels of impulsive coping were more likely to engage in gambling. Risk-taking and social anxiety were the significant mediators for gender differences in problems with gambling. Men took more risks and were more socially anxious than women, and greater risk-taking and more socially anxious individuals tended to have more problems with gambling. Implications for counseling preventions and intervention strategies are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Wong
- Department of Psychology, Asian American Center on Disparities Research, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Abstract
Although cognitive distortions are widely acknowledged in the explanation of impulsivity-related psychopathologies (and more recently in the explanation of specific impulsive behaviors), no study has systematically verified whether they can also explain the cognitive processes underlying these impulsivity traits of personality: urgency, lack of premeditation, lack of perseverance, and sensation seeking (UPPS). Moreover, childhood maltreatment has been frequently associated with both cognitive distortions and impulsive behaviors but never with UPPS traits. A study was conducted on undergraduate students to examine the influence of cognitive distortions and childhood maltreatment on four dimensions of impulsivity from the UPPS Impulsive Behavior Scale. Regression analyses revealed that Premature Processing, a term applied to a group of seven cognitive distortions such as emotional reasoning and confusing needs and wants, as well as childhood maltreatment, was able to predict significantly and independently the Negative Urgency dimension of impulsivity, above and beyond gender and the three other subscales of the UPPS Impulsive Behavior Scale. Coherent with Beck’s cognitive model, these results suggest that the Negative Urgency trait is associated with cognitive distortions that can undermine thought processes in a variety of ways, increasing the likelihood of acting rashly. However, more studies are needed to develop instruments and identify specific forms of cognitive distortions associated with impulsivity traits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean Gagnon
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal (CRIR), Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Sherbrooke, Canada
- Centre de recherche en neuropsychologie et cognition (CERNEC), Montreal, Canada
| | - Sacha Daelman
- University of Montreal, Canada
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal (CRIR), Canada
| | | | - Andrea Kocka
- University of Montreal, Canada
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal (CRIR), Canada
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Wray TB, Simons JS, Dvorak RD, Gaher RM. Trait-based affective processes in alcohol-involved "risk behaviors". Addict Behav 2012; 37:1230-9. [PMID: 22770825 PMCID: PMC3401606 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2012.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Revised: 05/31/2012] [Accepted: 06/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study tested a theoretical model of alcohol use, markers of extreme intoxication, and risk behavior as a function of trait affect, distress tolerance, and affect-based behavior dysregulation. Positive affective pathways to risk behavior were primarily expected to be indirect via high levels of alcohol use, while negative affect paths were expected to be more directly associated with engagement in risk behavior. In addition, we expected trait affectivity and distress tolerance would primarily exhibit relationships with alcohol use and problems through behavioral dysregulation occurring during extreme affective states. To evaluate these hypotheses, we tested a SEM with three alcohol-related outcomes: "Typical" alcohol use, "blackout" drinking, and risk behavior. High trait negative affect and low tolerance for affective distress contribute to difficulty controlling behavior when negatively aroused and this is directly associated with increased risk behavior when drinking. In contrast, associations between positive urgency and risk behaviors are indirect via increased alcohol consumption. Positive affectivity exhibited both inverse and positive effects in the model, with the net effect on alcohol outcomes being insignificant. These findings contribute important information about the distinct pathways between affect, alcohol use, and alcohol-involved risk behavior among college students.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler B Wray
- Department of Psychology, The University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, United States.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Billieux J, Rochat L, Ceschi G, Carré A, Offerlin-Meyer I, Defeldre AC, Khazaal Y, Besche-Richard C, Van der Linden M. Validation of a short French version of the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale. Compr Psychiatry 2012; 53:609-15. [PMID: 22036009 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2011.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2011] [Revised: 09/10/2011] [Accepted: 09/14/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impulsivity is a multifaceted construct that has a prominent role in psychiatry. Lynam et al (2006) have developed the UPPS-P, a 59-item scale measuring 5 impulsivity components: negative urgency, positive urgency, lack of premeditation, lack of perseverance, and sensation seeking. The aim of the present study was to validate a short, 20-item French version of the UPPS-P. METHODS Six hundred fifty participants filled out the short French UPPS-P. A subgroup of participants (n = 145) took part in a follow-up study and completed the scale twice to determine test-retest stability; another subgroup (n = 105) was screened with other questionnaires also to establish external validity. RESULTS Confirmatory factor analyses supported a hierarchical model comprising 2 higher order factors of urgency (resulting from negative urgency and positive urgency) and lack of conscientiousness (resulting from lack of premeditation and lack of perseverance) as well as a separate factor of sensation seeking. The results indicated good internal consistency and test-retest stability. External validity was supported by relationships with psychopathological symptoms. CONCLUSION The short French version of the UPPS-P therefore presents good psychometric properties and may be considered a promising instrument for both research and clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joël Billieux
- Cognitive Psychopathology and Neuropsychology Unit, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Niv S, Tuvblad C, Raine A, Wang P, Baker LA. Heritability and longitudinal stability of impulsivity in adolescence. Behav Genet 2012; 42:378-92. [PMID: 22089391 PMCID: PMC3351554 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-011-9518-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2009] [Accepted: 10/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Impulsivity is a multifaceted personality construct that plays an important role throughout the lifespan in psychopathological disorders involving self-regulated behaviors. Its genetic and environmental etiology, however, is not clearly understood during the important developmental period of adolescence. This study investigated the relative influence of genes and environment on self-reported impulsive traits in adolescent twins measured on two separate occasions (waves) between the ages of 11 and 16. An adolescent version of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS) developed for this study was factored into subscales reflecting inattention, motor impulsivity, and non-planning. Genetic analyses of these BIS subscales showed moderate heritability, ranging from 33-56% at the early wave (age 11-13 years) and 19-44% at the later wave (age 14-16 years). Moreover, genetic influences explained half or more of the variance of a single latent factor common to these subscales within each wave. Genetic effects specific to each subscale also emerged as significant, with the exception of motor impulsivity. Shared twin environment was not significant for either the latent or specific impulsivity factors at either wave. Phenotypic correlations between waves ranged from r = 0.25 to 0.42 for subscales. The stability correlation between the two latent impulsivity factors was r = 0.43, of which 76% was attributable to shared genetic effects, suggesting strong genetic continuity from mid to late adolescence. These results contribute to our understanding of the nature of impulsivity by demonstrating both multidimensionality and genetic specificity to different facets of this complex construct, as well as highlighting the importance of stable genetic influences across adolescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Niv
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, 3620 S. McClintock Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90089-1061, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Bhat CS. Cyber Bullying: Overview and Strategies for School Counsellors, Guidance Officers, and All School Personnel. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1375/ajgc.18.1.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
AbstractCyber bullying or bullying via information and communications technology tools such as the internet and mobile phones is a problem of growing concern with school-aged students. Cyber bullying actions may not take place on school premises, but detrimental effects are experienced by victims of cyber bullying in schools. Tools used by cyber bullies are presented and the impact on victims is discussed. Intervention strategies for school counsellors, guidance officers, and school personnel to adopt with students and parents are presented.
Collapse
|
47
|
Abstract
Before it is possible to test whether men and women differ in impulsivity, it is necessary to evaluate whether impulsivity measures are invariant across sex. The UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale (negative urgency, lack of premeditation, lack of perseverance, and sensation seeking, with added subscale of positive urgency) is one measure of five dispositions toward rash action that has shown to have robust and clinically useful relationships among risk-taking outcomes. In the current research, the author examined (a) the psychometric measurement invariance of the UPPS-P across sex, (b) the scale’s structural invariance across sex, and (c) whether the five impulsivity traits differentially relate to risk outcomes as a function of sex. In a sample of 1,372 undergraduates, the author found evidence for measurement and invariance across sex: Thus, comparisons of men and women on the UPPS-P can be considered valid. Additionally, although males tend to report higher levels of sensation seeking and positive urgency (and possibly lack of perseverance), the relationships between the UPPS-P traits and risk outcomes were generally invariant across sex. The UPPS-P appears to function comparably across males and females, and mean differences on this scale between the sexes can be thought to reflect trait-level differences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A. Cyders
- Indiana University–Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Rochat L, Beni C, Billieux J, Azouvi P, Annoni JM, Van der Linden M. Assessment of impulsivity after moderate to severe traumatic brain injury. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2010; 20:778-97. [PMID: 20635306 DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2010.495245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to develop and validate a short questionnaire assessing four dimensions of impulsivity (urgency, lack of premeditation, lack of perseverance, sensation seeking) in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). To this end, 82 patients with TBI and their caregivers completed a short questionnaire adapted from the UPPS Impulsive Behavior Scale designed to assess impulsivity changes after TBI. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) performed on the version of the scale completed by the relatives revealed that a hierarchical model holding that lack of premeditation and lack of perseverance are facets of a higher order construct (lack of conscientiousness), with urgency and sensation seeking as separate correlated factors, fit the data best. Urgency, lack of premeditation, and lack of perseverance increased after the TBI, whereas sensation seeking decreased. CFA failed to reveal a satisfactory model in the version of the scale completed by the patients. The psychological processes related to these impulsivity changes and the discrepancy observed between self-report and informant-report are discussed. This short questionnaire opens up interesting prospects for better comprehension and assessment of behavioural symptoms of TBI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucien Rochat
- Cognitive Psychopathology and Neuropsychology Unit, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Kipper DA, Green DJ, Prorak A. The Relationship Among Spontaneity, Impulsivity, and Creativity. JOURNAL OF CREATIVITY IN MENTAL HEALTH 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/15401381003640866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
50
|
Verdejo-García A, Lozano Ó, Moya M, Alcázar MÁ, Pérez-García M. Psychometric Properties of a Spanish Version of the UPPS–P Impulsive Behavior Scale: Reliability, Validity and Association With Trait and Cognitive Impulsivity. J Pers Assess 2010; 92:70-7. [DOI: 10.1080/00223890903382369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|