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Chen X, Li X, Cao B, Chen X, Zhang K, Han F, Kan C, Zhang J, Sun X, Guo Z. Mechanisms and efficacy of traditional Chinese herb monomers in diabetic kidney disease. Int Urol Nephrol 2024; 56:571-582. [PMID: 37552392 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-023-03703-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a serious complication of diabetes and is the primary cause of end-stage renal disease. Current treatment strategies primarily focus on the inhibition of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and the attainment of blood glucose control. Although current medical therapies for DKD have been shown to delay disease progression and improve long-term outcomes, their efficacy is limited and they may be restricted in certain cases, particularly when hyperkalemia is present. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatment has emerged as a significant complementary approach for DKD. TCM monomers, derived from various Chinese herbs, have been found to modulate multiple therapeutic targets and exhibit a broad range of therapeutic effects in patients with DKD. This review aims to summarize the mechanisms of action of TCM monomers in the treatment of DKD, based on findings from clinical trials, as well as cell and animal studies. The results of these investigations demonstrate the potential effective use of TCM monomers in treating or preventing DKD, offering a promising new direction for future research in the field. By providing a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms and efficacy of TCM monomers in DKD, this review highlights the potential of these natural compounds as alternative therapeutic options for improving outcomes in patients with DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuexun Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Bo Cao
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Xinping Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Kexin Zhang
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, 2428 Yuhe Road, Weifang, 261031, Shandong, China
| | - Fang Han
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Chengxia Kan
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, 2428 Yuhe Road, Weifang, 261031, Shandong, China
| | - Jingwen Zhang
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, 2428 Yuhe Road, Weifang, 261031, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China.
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, 2428 Yuhe Road, Weifang, 261031, Shandong, China.
| | - Zhentao Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China.
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Hu Q, Jiang L, Yan Q, Zeng J, Ma X, Zhao Y. A natural products solution to diabetic nephropathy therapy. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 241:108314. [PMID: 36427568 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most common complications in diabetes. It has been shown to be the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. However, due to their complex pathological mechanisms, effective therapeutic drugs other than angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), which have been used for 20 years, have not been developed so far. Recent studies have shown that diabetic nephropathy is characterized by multiple signalling pathways and multiple targets, including inflammation, apoptosis, pyroptosis, autophagy, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress and their interactions. It definitely exacerbates the difficulty of therapy, but at the same time it also brings out the chance for natural products treatment. In the most recent two decades, a large number of natural products have displayed their potential in preclinical studies and a few compounds are under invetigation in clinical trials. Hence, many compounds targeting these singals have been emerged as a comprehensive blueprint for treating strategy of diabetic nephropathy. This review focuses on the cellular and molecular mechanisms of natural prouducts that alleviate this condition, including preclinical studies and clinical trials, which will provide new insights into the treatment of diabetic nephropathy and suggest novel ideas for new drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qichao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Department of Pharmacy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Lan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Qi Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jinhao Zeng
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Yanling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China.
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Berberine Reduces Renal Cell Pyroptosis in Golden Hamsters with Diabetic Nephropathy through the Nrf2-NLRP3-Caspase-1-GSDMD Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:5545193. [PMID: 35971382 PMCID: PMC9375700 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5545193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective. To observe the effect of berberine (BBR) on kidney cell pyroptosis in golden hamsters with diabetic nephropathy (DN) and to explore the molecular mechanism of its renal protection. Methods. Fifty clean-grade male golden hamsters were randomly divided into a control group (10) and a model building group (40). The DN model was established by high-sugar and high-fat feeding and injection of a small amount of STZ. After successful establishment of the model, they were randomly divided into a model group, western medicine group, and berberine high- and low-dose groups. The western medicine group was given irbesartan 13.5 mg/kg, and the berberine high- and low-dose groups were given BBR 200 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg, respectively, for 8 consecutive weeks. An automatic biochemical analyser was used to measure blood glucose, blood lipids, kidney function, MDA, and other indicators; radioimmunoassay was used to assess serum insulin; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to quantify IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18, TNF-α; HE, PAS, and Masson staining were used to observe kidney pathological tissue morphology; western blot and real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR were used to assess protein and mRNA expression of molecules, such as Nrf2, NLRP3, Caspase-1, and GSDMD; and TUNEL staining was used to detect DNA damage. SPSS statistical software was used for the data analysis. Results. The kidney tissues of golden hamsters in the control group were normal; Nrf2 was highly expressed, serum MDA level was low, NLRP3 expression in kidney tissue was not obvious, Caspase-1 and GSDMD were weakly expressed, and only a few TUNEL-positive cells were observed. Compared with the control group, the golden hamsters in the model group had obvious renal pathological damage; blood glucose, blood lipids, renal function-related indexes, insulin, and inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18, and TNF-α were increased (
); NLRP3, Caspase-1, and GSDMD expression was increased; Nrf2 expression was decreased; MDA level was increased (
); and the number of TUNEL-positive cells was increased. Compared with the model group, the pathological morphology of the kidney tissue of golden hamsters in the three treatment groups was significantly improved; blood glucose, blood lipids, renal function, and the expression of inflammatory factors IL-1β and IL-6 were reduced (
); NLRP3, Caspase-1, GSDMD, and other molecular proteins and mRNA expression were decreased; Nrf2 expression was increased; MDA level was decreased (
); and the number of TUNEL-positive cells was decreased. Conclusion. DN golden hamster kidney NLRP3-Caspase-1-GSDMD signalling was enhanced. BBR can reduce oxidative stress damage by regulating antioxidative Nrf2 and then regulating NLRP3-Caspase-1-GSDMD signalling to inhibit pyroptosis, antagonizing DN inflammation-induced damage.
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Tang G, Li S, Zhang C, Chen H, Wang N, Feng Y. Clinical efficacies, underlying mechanisms and molecular targets of Chinese medicines for diabetic nephropathy treatment and management. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:2749-2767. [PMID: 34589395 PMCID: PMC8463270 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) has been recognized as a severe complication of diabetes mellitus and a dominant pathogeny of end-stage kidney disease, which causes serious health problems and great financial burden to human society worldwide. Conventional strategies, such as renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockade, blood glucose level control, and bodyweight reduction, may not achieve satisfactory outcomes in many clinical practices for DN management. Notably, due to the multi-target function, Chinese medicine possesses promising clinical benefits as primary or alternative therapies for DN treatment. Increasing studies have emphasized identifying bioactive compounds and molecular mechanisms of reno-protective effects of Chinese medicines. Signaling pathways involved in glucose/lipid metabolism regulation, antioxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-fibrosis, and podocyte protection have been identified as crucial mechanisms of action. Herein, we summarize the clinical efficacies of Chinese medicines and their bioactive components in treating and managing DN after reviewing the results demonstrated in clinical trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses, with a thorough discussion on the relative underlying mechanisms and molecular targets reported in animal and cellular experiments. We aim to provide comprehensive insights into the protective effects of Chinese medicines against DN.
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Key Words
- ACEI, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor
- ADE, adverse event
- AGEs, advanced glycation end-products
- AM, mesangial area
- AMPKα, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase α
- ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker
- AREs, antioxidant response elements
- ATK, protein kinase B
- BAX, BCL-2-associated X protein
- BCL-2, B-cell lymphoma 2
- BCL-XL, B-cell lymphoma-extra large
- BMP-7, bone morphogenetic protein-7
- BUN, blood urea nitrogen
- BW, body weight
- C, control group
- CCR, creatinine clearance rate
- CD2AP, CD2-associated protein
- CHOP, C/EBP homologous protein
- CI, confidence interval
- COL-I/IV, collagen I/IV
- CRP, C-reactive protein
- CTGF, connective tissue growth factor
- Chinese medicine
- D, duration
- DAG, diacylglycerol
- DG, glomerular diameter
- DKD, diabetic kidney disease
- DM, diabetes mellitus
- DN, diabetic nephropathy
- Diabetic kidney disease
- Diabetic nephropathy
- EMT, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition
- EP, E-prostanoid receptor
- ER, endoplasmic reticulum
- ESRD, end-stage renal disease
- ET-1, endothelin-1
- ETAR, endothelium A receptor
- FBG, fasting blood glucose
- FN, fibronectin
- GCK, glucokinase
- GCLC, glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit
- GFR, glomerular filtration rate
- GLUT4, glucose transporter type 4
- GPX, glutathione peroxidase
- GRB 10, growth factor receptor-bound protein 10
- GRP78, glucose-regulated protein 78
- GSK-3, glycogen synthase kinase 3
- Gαq, Gq protein alpha subunit
- HDL-C, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol
- HO-1, heme oxygenase-1
- HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin
- Herbal medicine
- ICAM-1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1
- IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor 1
- IGF-1R, insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor
- IKK-β, IκB kinase β
- IL-1β/6, interleukin 1β/6
- IR, insulin receptor
- IRE-1α, inositol-requiring enzyme-1α
- IRS, insulin receptor substrate
- IκB-α, inhibitory protein α
- JAK, Janus kinase
- JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase
- LC3, microtubule-associated protein light chain 3
- LDL, low-density lipoprotein
- LDL-C, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol
- LOX1, lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor 1
- MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase
- MCP-1, monocyte chemotactic protein-1
- MD, mean difference
- MDA, malondialdehyde
- MMP-2, matrix metallopeptidase 2
- MYD88, myeloid differentiation primary response 88
- Molecular target
- N/A, not applicable
- N/O, not observed
- N/R, not reported
- NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
- NOX-4, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidase-4
- NQO1, NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1
- NRF2, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2
- OCP, oxidative carbonyl protein
- ORP150, 150-kDa oxygen-regulated protein
- P70S6K, 70-kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase
- PAI-1, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1
- PARP, poly(ADP-Ribose) polymerase
- PBG, postprandial blood glucose
- PERK, protein kinase RNA-like eukaryotic initiation factor 2A kinase
- PGC-1α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1α
- PGE2, prostaglandin E2
- PI3K, phosphatidylinositol 3 kinases
- PINK1, PTEN-induced putative kinase 1
- PKC, protein kinase C
- PTEN, phosphatase and tensin homolog
- RAGE, receptors of AGE
- RASI, renin-angiotensin system inhibitor
- RCT, randomized clinical trial
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SCr, serum creatinine
- SD, standard deviation
- SD-rat, Sprague–Dawley rat
- SIRT1, sirtuin 1
- SMAD, small mothers against decapentaplegic
- SMD, standard mean difference
- SMURF-2, SMAD ubiquitination regulatory factor 2
- SOCS, suppressor of cytokine signaling proteins
- SOD, superoxide dismutase
- STAT, signal transducers and activators of transcription
- STZ, streptozotocin
- Signaling pathway
- T, treatment group
- TBARS, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance
- TC, total cholesterol
- TCM, traditional Chinese medicine
- TFEB, transcription factor EB
- TG, triglyceride
- TGBM, thickness of glomerular basement membrane
- TGF-β, tumor growth factor β
- TGFβR-I/II, TGF-β receptor I/II
- TII, tubulointerstitial injury index
- TLR-2/4, toll-like receptor 2/4
- TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor α
- TRAF5, tumor-necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 5
- UACR, urinary albumin to creatinine ratio
- UAER, urinary albumin excretion rate
- UMA, urinary microalbumin
- UP, urinary protein
- VCAM-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1
- VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor
- WMD, weight mean difference
- XBP-1, spliced X box-binding protein 1
- cAMP, cyclic adenosine monophosphate
- eGFR, estimated GFR
- eIF2α, eukaryotic initiation factor 2α
- mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin
- p-IRS1, phospho-IRS1
- p62, sequestosome 1 protein
- α-SMA, α smooth muscle actin
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyi Tang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Sha Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Haiyong Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Ning Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
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Dehdashtian E, Pourhanifeh MH, Hemati K, Mehrzadi S, Hosseinzadeh A. Therapeutic application of nutraceuticals in diabetic nephropathy: Current evidence and future implications. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2020; 36:e3336. [PMID: 32415805 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common metabolic disease which may cause several complications, such as diabetic nephropathy (DN). The routine medical treatments used for DM are not effective enough and have many undesirable side effects. Moreover, the global increased prevalence of DM makes researchers try to explore potential complementary or alternative treatments. Nutraceuticals, as natural products with pharmaceutical agents, have a wide range of therapeutic properties in various pathologic conditions such as DN. However, the exact underlying mechanisms have not been fully understood. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent findings on the effect of nutraceuticals on DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Dehdashtian
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Pourhanifeh
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Karim Hemati
- Department of Anesthesiology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Mehrzadi
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Hosseinzadeh
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Zhang M, Zhang Y, Xiao D, Zhang J, Wang X, Guan F, Zhang M, Chen L. Highly bioavailable berberine formulation ameliorates diabetic nephropathy through the inhibition of glomerular mesangial matrix expansion and the activation of autophagy. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 873:172955. [PMID: 32001218 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.172955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Glomerular mesangial matrix expansion and cell autophagy are the most important factors in the development of kidney damage under diabetic conditions. The activation of AMPK might be an important treatment target for diabetic nephropathy. Berberine has multiple effects on all types of diabetic complications as an activator of AMPK. However, the poor bioavailability of berberine limits its clinical applications. Huang-Gui Solid Dispersion (HGSD), a new formulation of berberine developed in our lab, has 4-fold greater bioavailability than berberine. However, its therapeutic application and mechanism still need to be explored. In the present study, the effect of HGSD on kidney function in type 2 diabetic rats and db/db mice was investigated. The results demonstrated that HGSD improved kidney function in these two animal models, decreased the glomerular volume and increased autophagy. Meanwhile, AMPK phosphorylation levels and autophagy-related protein expression were significantly increased, and extracellular matrix protein deposition-related protein expression was decreased after treatment. The present study indicated that HGSD protected against diabetic kidney dysfunction by inhibiting glomerular mesangial matrix expansion and activating autophagy. The mechanism of HGSD in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy might be connected to the activation of AMPK phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meishuang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yining Zhang
- Research Institution of Paediatrics, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, The First Clinical Hospital Affiliated to Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Dong Xiao
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xinxin Wang
- Senior Officials Inpatient Ward, The First Clinical Hospital Affiliated to Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Fengying Guan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
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Shinjyo N, Parkinson J, Bell J, Katsuno T, Bligh A. Berberine for prevention of dementia associated with diabetes and its comorbidities: A systematic review. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE-JIM 2020; 18:125-151. [PMID: 32005442 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2020.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing number of epidemiological studies indicate that metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its associated features play a key role in the development of certain degenerative brain disorders, including Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. Produced by several different medicinal plants, berberine is a bioactive alkaloid with a wide range of pharmacological effects, including antidiabetic effects. However, it is not clear whether berberine could prevent the development of dementia in association with diabetes. OBJECTIVE To give an overview of the therapeutic potential of berberine as a treatment for dementia associated with diabetes. SEARCH STRATEGY Database searches A and B were conducted using PubMed and ScienceDirect. In search A, studies on berberine's antidementia activities were identified using "berberine" and "dementia" as search terms. In search B, recent studies on berberine's effects on diabetes were surveyed using "berberine" and "diabetes" as search terms. INCLUSION CRITERIA Clinical and preclinical studies that investigated berberine's effects associated with MetS and cognitive dysfunction were included. DATA EXTRACTION AND ANALYSIS Data from studies were extracted by one author, and checked by a second; quality assessments were performed independently by two authors. RESULTS In search A, 61 articles were identified, and 22 original research articles were selected. In search B, 458 articles were identified, of which 101 were deemed relevant and selected. Three duplicates were removed, and a total of 120 articles were reviewed for this study. The results demonstrate that berberine exerts beneficial effects directly in the brain: enhancing cholinergic neurotransmission, improving cerebral blood flow, protecting neurons from inflammation, limiting hyperphosphorylation of tau and facilitating β-amyloid peptide clearance. In addition, evidence is growing that berberine is effective against diabetes and associated disorders, such as atherosclerosis, cardiomyopathy, hypertension, hepatic steatosis, diabetic nephropathy, gut dysbiosis, retinopathy and neuropathy, suggesting indirect benefits for the prevention of dementia. CONCLUSION Berberine could impede the development of dementia via multiple mechanisms: preventing brain damages and enhancing cognition directly in the brain, and indirectly through alleviating risk factors such as metabolic dysfunction, and cardiovascular, kidney and liver diseases. This study provided evidence to support the value of berberine in the prevention of dementia associated with MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Shinjyo
- Department of Infection and Host Defense, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.
| | - James Parkinson
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology at the University of Westminster, London W1W 6UW, United Kingdom
| | - Jimmy Bell
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology at the University of Westminster, London W1W 6UW, United Kingdom.
| | - Tatsuro Katsuno
- Kashiwanoha Clinic of East Asian Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-0882, Japan
| | - Annie Bligh
- School of Health Sciences, Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Tseung Kwan O, NT 999077, Hong Kong, China.
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Ran Q, Wang J, Wang L, Zeng HR, Yang XB, Huang QW. Rhizoma coptidis as a Potential Treatment Agent for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and the Underlying Mechanisms: A Review. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:805. [PMID: 31396083 PMCID: PMC6661542 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, especially type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), has become a significant public health burden. Rhizoma coptidis (RC), known as Huang Lian, is widely used for treating diabetes in China. The bioactive compounds of RC, especially alkaloids, have the potential to suppress T2DM-induced lesions, including diabetic vascular dysfunction, diabetic heart disease, diabetic hyperlipidemia, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic encephalopathy, diabetic osteopathy, diabetic enteropathy, and diabetic retinopathy. This review summarizes the effects of RC and its bioactive compounds on T2DM and T2DM complications. Less research has been conducted on non-alkaloid fractions of RC, which may exert synergistic action with alkaloids. Moreover, we summarized the pharmacokinetic properties and structure-activity relationships of RC on T2DM with reference to extant literature and showed clearly that RC has potential therapeutic effect on T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Ran
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hai-rong Zeng
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiang-bo Yang
- Ya’an Xun Kang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Ya’an, China
| | - Qin-wan Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Ma H, He K, Zhu J, Li X, Ye X. The anti-hyperglycemia effects of Rhizoma Coptidis alkaloids: A systematic review of modern pharmacological studies of the traditional herbal medicine. Fitoterapia 2019; 134:210-220. [PMID: 30836124 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hyperglycemia is a common endocrine system disease, which seriously affects people's health with a increasing morbidity in recent years. Rhizoma Coptidis (RC), one of the most commonly used traditional Chinese medicines, has been applied to treat diabetes in clinic for thousands of years. Since scientists demonstrated that alkaloids from RC owned the amazing anti-hyperglycemia activities 30 years ago, these compounds have been widely used for the treatment of diabetes and hyperglycemia with unconspicuous toxicities and side effects. With the help of molecular biology, immunology and other techniques, the mechanisms about anti-hyperglycemia effect of RC alkaloids have been extensively discussed. Numerous studies showed that RC alkaloids balanced the glucose homeostasis not only by widely recognizing insulin resistance pathways, but also by promoting insulin secretion, regulating intestinal hormones, ameliorating gut microbiota structures and many other ways. In this review, we combine the latest advances and systematically summarize the mechanisms of RC alkaloids in treating hyperglycemia and diabetic nephropathy to provide a deeper understanding of these natural alkaloids. In addition, the important role of gut microbiota associated with the glucose metabolism is also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Ma
- Chongqing Productivity Promotion Center for the Modernization of Chinese Traditional Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Kai He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hunan University of Medicine, Hunan 418000, China
| | - Jianwei Zhu
- Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xuegang Li
- Chongqing Productivity Promotion Center for the Modernization of Chinese Traditional Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
| | - Xiaoli Ye
- School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Liu B, Miao J, Peng M, Liu T, Miao M. Effect of 3:7 ratio of Astragalus total saponins and Curcumin on the diabetic nephropathy rats model. Saudi J Biol Sci 2018; 26:188-194. [PMID: 30622426 PMCID: PMC6319090 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Study the effect of the 3:7 ratio of Astragalus total saponins and Curcumin on the model of diabetic nephropathy rats, and explore its mechanisms. Methods Diabetic nephropathy rats model was established by high-fat and high-sugar feed feeding combined with streptozotocin (STZ) injection in sublingual vein. Measured fasting blood glucose of rats on the 10, 20 and 30th day, and measured urine protein content in urine of rats on 30th days. Two hours after the last administration, measured glycated serum protein (GSP), insulin antibody (IA), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), malondialdehyde (MDA), insulin, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr) in the serum and calculated the renal index of rat. Take the viscera of pancreas and kidney, and HE staining, so as to observe pathological changes. Result Astragalus total saponins and Curcumin 3:7 compatibility each dose group can significantly reduce the diabetic nephropathy rats blood glucose of 30th days, significantly reduce the level of GSP, IA, TG, TC, LDL (P < 0.01), and reduce MDA levels with different degrees (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05), and significantly increase the level of insulin (P < 0.01), increase the level of HDL, SOD and GSH with different degrees (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05 or P > 0.05); Astragalus total saponins and Curcumin 3:7 compatibility each dose group also can decrease renal index, UN, and Cr levels with different degrees and improve the pathological changes of pancreatic tissue and kidney tissue in diabetic nephropathy rats with different degrees (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05 or P > 0.05). Conclusion The 3:7 ratio of Astragalus total saponins and Curcumin can achieve the treatment and protection effects on diabetic nephropathy rats by improve the glycometableolism, insulin resistance, lipid metableolism, oxidative stress levels, and pathological changes.
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Berberine attenuates podocytes injury caused by exosomes derived from high glucose-induced mesangial cells through TGFβ1-PI3K/AKT pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 824:185-192. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Zhu L, Han J, Yuan R, Xue L, Pang W. Berberine ameliorates diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB pathway. Biol Res 2018; 51:9. [PMID: 29604956 PMCID: PMC5878418 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-018-0157-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage renal failure, contributing to severe morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. Berberine (BBR) has been well characterized to exert renoprotective effects in DN progression. However, the action mechanism of BBR in DN remains to be fully understood. METHODS The DN rat model was generated by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 65 mg/kg body weight) while 30 mM high glucose (HG)-treated podocytes were used as an in vitro DN model. The fasting blood glucose level and ratio of kidney weight to body weight were measured after BBR treatment (50, 100, or 200 mg/kg) in STZ-induced DN rats. The renal injury parameters including 24-h urinary protein, blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine were assessed. qRT-PCR was performed to detect the transcript amounts of inflammatory factors. The concentrations of inflammatory factors were evaluated by ELISA kits. Western blot analysis was conducted to measure the amounts of TLR4/NF-κB-related proteins. The apoptotic rate of podocytes was analyzed by flow cytometry using Annexin V/propidium iodide. RESULTS Berberine reduced renal injury in STZ-induced DN rat model, as evidenced by the decrease in fasting blood glucose, ratio of kidney weight to body weight, 24-h urinary protein, serum creatinine, and blood urine nitrogen. BBR attenuated the systemic and renal cortex inflammatory response and inhibited TLR4/NF-κB pathway in STZ-induced DN rats and HG-induced podocytes. Also, HG-induced apoptosis of podocytes was lowered by BBR administration. Furthermore, blockade of TLR4/NF-κB pathway by resatorvid (TAK-242) or pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate aggravated the inhibitory effect of BBR on HG-induced inflammatory response and apoptosis in podocytes. CONCLUSIONS Berberine ameliorated DN through relieving STZ-induced renal injury, inflammatory response, and podocyte HG-induced apoptosis via inactivating TLR4/NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, No.115 Ximen Street, Gulou District, Kaifeng, 475000, China
| | - Jiakai Han
- Department of Endocrinology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, No.115 Ximen Street, Gulou District, Kaifeng, 475000, China
| | - Rongrong Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, No.115 Ximen Street, Gulou District, Kaifeng, 475000, China
| | - Lei Xue
- Department of Endocrinology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, No.115 Ximen Street, Gulou District, Kaifeng, 475000, China
| | - Wuyan Pang
- Department of Endocrinology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, No.115 Ximen Street, Gulou District, Kaifeng, 475000, China.
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Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase modulation by berberine attenuates mitochondrial deficits and redox imbalance in experimental diabetic neuropathy. Neuropharmacology 2018; 131:256-270. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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14
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Wen Y, Yan M, Zhang B, Li P. Chinese medicine for diabetic kidney disease in China. Nephrology (Carlton) 2017; 22 Suppl 4:50-55. [PMID: 29155500 DOI: 10.1111/nep.13149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Wen
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Science; China-Japan Friendship Hospital; Beijing China
| | - Meihua Yan
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Science; China-Japan Friendship Hospital; Beijing China
| | - Bingxuan Zhang
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Science; China-Japan Friendship Hospital; Beijing China
| | - Ping Li
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Science; China-Japan Friendship Hospital; Beijing China
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15
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Tang LQ, Ni WJ, Cai M, Ding HH, Liu S, Zhang ST. Renoprotective effects of berberine and its potential effect on the expression of β-arrestins and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in streptozocin-diabetic nephropathy rats. J Diabetes 2016; 8:693-700. [PMID: 26531813 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.12349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Berberine has been shown to exert protective effects against diabetic nephropathy (DN), but the mechanisms involved have not been fully characterized. The aim of the present study was to explore the effects of berberine on the expression of β-arrestins, intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in DN rat kidneys and investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS To create the DN model, rats fed a high-fat and high-glucose diet were injected with a single dose of streptozotocin (35 mg/kg, i.p.). Then, DN rats were either treated or not with berberine (50, 100, 200 mg/kg per day, i.g., 8 weeks). Periodic acid-Schiff staining was used to evaluate renal histopathological changes. Renal tissue levels of β-arrestin 1 and β-arrestin 2 were determined by Western blot analysis, whereas immunohistochemistry was used to determine renal ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 levels. RESULTS Berberine (100, 200 mg/kg) ameliorated the histopathological changes in the diabetic kidney. Western blot analysis revealed significant increases in ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 levels in the kidneys of DN rats, which were reversed by treatment with 100 and 200 mg/kg berberine. In addition, berberine treatment (50, 100, 200 mg/kg) increased diabetic-induced decreases in β-arrestin 1 and β-arrestin 2. CONCLUSIONS Berberine exhibited renoprotective effects in DN rats. The underlying molecular mechanisms may be associated with changes in the levels and regulation of β-arrestin expression, as well as ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 levels in the rat kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Qin Tang
- Affiliated Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, PR China
| | - Wei-Jian Ni
- Affiliated Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, PR China
| | - Ming Cai
- Affiliated Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, PR China
| | - Hai-Hua Ding
- Affiliated Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, PR China
| | - Sheng Liu
- Affiliated Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, PR China
| | - Shan-Tang Zhang
- Affiliated Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, PR China
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Sun SF, Zhao TT, Zhang HJ, Huang XR, Zhang WK, Zhang L, Yan MH, Dong X, Wang H, Wen YM, Pan XP, Lan HY, Li P. Renoprotective effect of berberine on type 2 diabetic nephropathy in rats. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2016; 42:662-70. [PMID: 25867602 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation, fibrosis, and lipid disorder are essential promoters in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney injury in diabetes mellitus type 2. Berberine (BBR) has been reported to have beneficial effects on diabetic nephropathy, but its action mechanism is still unclear. The present study was designed to elucidate the therapeutic mechanism of BBR in a type 2 diabetic nephropathy rat model induced by a high-fat diet and low-dose streptozotocin injection. The diabetic rats were treated with or without BBR by gavage for 20 weeks and examined by serology, 24-h albuminuria, histology, immunohistochemistry, and molecular analyses. Results showed that treatment with BBR significantly reduced serum levels of blood glucose and lipids, inhibited urinary excretion of albumin, and attenuated renal histological injuries in diabetic rats. Berberine treatment also inhibited renal inflammation, which was associated with inactivation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B-cell signalling. As a result, the upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1β, tumour necrosis factor-α) and chemokine (monocyte chemotactic protein-1) was blocked. In addition, BBR treatment also inactivated transforming growth factor-β/Smad3 signalling and suppressed renal fibrosis, including expression of fibronectin, collagen I, and collagen IV. The present study reveals that BBR is a therapeutic agent for attenuating type 2 diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cell-driven renal inflammation and transforming growth factor-β/Smad3 signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Fan Sun
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ting-Ting Zhao
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hao-Jun Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Ru Huang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei-Ku Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mei-Hua Yan
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Dong
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Min Wen
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Ping Pan
- National Innovation Center of TCM Modernization in Shanghai, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Innovative Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Yao Lan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ping Li
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
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Ding HH, Ni WJ, Tang LQ, Wei W. G protein-coupled receptors: potential therapeutic targets for diabetic nephropathy. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2015; 36:411-421. [PMID: 26675443 DOI: 10.3109/10799893.2015.1122039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy, a lethal microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus, is characterized by progressive albuminuria, excessive deposition of extracellular matrix, thickened glomerular basement membrane, podocyte abnormalities, and podocyte loss. The G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have attracted considerable attention in diabetic nephropathy, but the specific effects have not been elucidated yet. Likewise, abnormal signaling pathways are closely interrelated to the pathologic process of diabetic nephropathy, despite the fact that the mechanisms have not been explored clearly. Therefore, GPCRs and its mediated signaling pathways are essential for priority research, so that preventative strategies and potential targets might be developed for diabetic nephropathy. This article will give us comprehensive overview of predominant GPCR types, roles, and correlative signaling pathways in diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Hua Ding
- a Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University , Hefei, Anhui Province , People's Republic of China.,b Affiliated Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University , Hefei, Anhui Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Jian Ni
- b Affiliated Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University , Hefei, Anhui Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Qin Tang
- b Affiliated Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University , Hefei, Anhui Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wei
- a Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University , Hefei, Anhui Province , People's Republic of China
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Ni WJ, Ding HH, Tang LQ. Berberine as a promising anti-diabetic nephropathy drug: An analysis of its effects and mechanisms. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 760:103-12. [PMID: 25912800 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Revised: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy is a progressive kidney disorder and is pathologically characterized by thickened glomerular and tubular basement membranes, accumulation of the extracellular matrix and increased mesangial hypertrophy. Growing evidence has suggested that diabetic nephropathy is induced by multiple factors, such as dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, hemodynamic abnormalities and oxidative stress, based on genetic susceptibility. Berberine (BBR; [C20H18NO4](+)), an isoquinoline alkaloid, is the major active constituent of Rhizoma coptidis and Cortex phellodendri. Recent studies have demonstrated that berberine has various pharmacological activities, including lowering blood glucose, regulating blood lipids and reducing inflammation in addition to its antioxidant activity. These findings suggest that berberine has potential applications as a therapeutic drug for diabetic nephropathy, and has significant research value. However, the possible mechanisms have not been fully established. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the renoprotective mechanisms of berberine in diabetic nephropathy and highlight the importance of berberine as a potential therapeutic reagent for diabetic nephropathy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jian Ni
- Affiliated Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, 17# Lujiang Road, Hefei 230001, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Hai-Hua Ding
- Affiliated Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, 17# Lujiang Road, Hefei 230001, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Li-Qin Tang
- Affiliated Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, 17# Lujiang Road, Hefei 230001, Anhui Province, China.
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Berberine nanosuspension enhances hypoglycemic efficacy on streptozotocin induced diabetic C57BL/6 mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:239749. [PMID: 25866534 PMCID: PMC4381853 DOI: 10.1155/2015/239749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Berberine (Ber), an isoquinoline derivative alkaloid and active ingredient of Coptis, has been demonstrated to possess antidiabetic activities. However its low oral bioavailability restricts its clinical application. In this report, Ber nanosuspension (Ber-NS) composed of Ber and D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) was prepared by high pressure homogenization technique. Antidiabetic effects of Ber-NS relative to efficacy of bulk Ber were evaluated in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic C57BL/6 mice. The particle size and zeta potential of Ber-NS were 73.1 ± 3.7 nm and 6.99 ± 0.17 mV, respectively. Ber-NS (50 mg/kg) treatment via oral gavage for 8 weeks resulted in a superior hypoglycemic and total cholesterol (TC) and body weight reduction effects compared to an equivalent dose of bulk Ber and metformin (Met, 300 mg/kg). These data indicate that a low dosage Ber-NS decreases blood glucose and improves lipid metabolism in type 2 diabetic C57BL/6 mice. These results suggest that the delivery of Ber as a nanosuspension is a promising approach for treating type 2 diabetes.
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20
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Zhao L, Sun LN, Nie HB, Wang XL, Guan GJ. Berberine improves kidney function in diabetic mice via AMPK activation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113398. [PMID: 25409232 PMCID: PMC4237447 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. Effective therapies to prevent the development of this disease are required. Berberine (BBR) has several preventive effects on diabetes and its complications. However, the molecular mechanism of BBR on kidney function in diabetes is not well defined. Here, we reported that activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is required for BBR-induced improvement of kidney function in vivo. AMPK phosphorylation and activity, productions of reactive oxygen species (ROS), kidney function including serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine clearance (Ccr), and urinary protein excretion, morphology of glomerulus were determined in vitro or in vivo. Exposure of cultured human glomerulus mesangial cells (HGMCs) to BBR time- or dose-dependently activates AMPK by increasing the thr172 phosphorylation and its activities. Inhibition of LKB1 by siRNA or mutant abolished BBR-induced AMPK activation. Incubation of cells with high glucose (HG, 30 mM) markedly induced the oxidative stress of HGMCs, which were abolished by 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside, AMPK gene overexpression or BBR. Importantly, the effects induced by BBR were bypassed by AMPK siRNA transfection in HG-treated HGMCs. In animal studies, streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia dramatically promoted glomerulosclerosis and impaired kidney function by increasing serum BUN, urinary protein excretion, and decreasing Ccr, as well as increased oxidative stress. Administration of BBR remarkably improved kidney function in wildtype mice but not in AMPKα2-deficient mice. We conclude that AMPK activation is required for BBR to improve kidney function in diabetic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Zhao
- Nephrology Research Institute, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Li-Na Sun
- Nephrology Research Institute, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hui-Bin Nie
- Nephrology Research Institute, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xue-Ling Wang
- Nephrology Research Institute, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guang-Ju Guan
- Nephrology Research Institute, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- * E-mail:
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Nasrallah R, Hassouneh R, Hébert RL. Chronic kidney disease: targeting prostaglandin E2 receptors. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2014; 307:F243-50. [PMID: 24966087 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00224.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. A better understanding of disease mechanisms has been gained in recent years, but the current management strategies are ineffective at preventing disease progression. A widespread focus of research is placed on elucidating the specific processes implicated to find more effective therapeutic options. PGE2, acting on its four EP receptors, regulates many renal disease processes; thus EP receptors could prove to be important targets for kidney disease intervention strategies. This review summarizes the major pathogenic mechanisms contributing to initiation and progression of chronic kidney disease, emphasizing the role of hyperglycemia, hypertension, inflammation, and oxidative stress. We have long recognized the multifaceted role of PGs in both the initiation and progression of chronic kidney disease, yet studies are only now seriously contemplating specific EP receptors as targets for therapy. Given the plethora of renal complications attributed to PG involvement in the kidney, this review highlights these pathogenic events and emphasizes the PGE2 receptor targets as options available to complement current therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Nasrallah
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, and Kidney Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ramzi Hassouneh
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, and Kidney Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard L Hébert
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, and Kidney Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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