1
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Seo S, Chang KS, Choi MS, Jin E. Overexpression of PtVDL1 in Phaeodactylum tricornutum Increases Fucoxanthin Content under Red Light. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:198-206. [PMID: 37957112 PMCID: PMC10840463 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2309.09018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Phaeodactylum tricornutum is a model diatom with significant biotechnological applications, including enhancing biomass, biofuel, and carotenoid production. Specifically, owing to the capacity of this organism to serve as a valuable source of essential raw materials for pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals, ongoing research is actively focused on enhancing its productivity. One of the genes involved in various stages of fucoxanthin (Fx) biosynthesis, violaxanthin de-epoxidase like 1 (VDL1), has recently been identified. To validate the intracellular function of this gene and boost Fx production through overexpression, we established and examined three transgenic P. tricornutum lines characterized by elevated P. tricortunum VDL1 ( PtVDL1) expression and evaluate their cell growth and Fx productivity. These transgenic lines exhibited substantially increased PtVDL1 mRNA and protein levels compared to the wild type (WT). Notably, the enzyme substrate violaxanthin was entirely depleted and could not be detected in the transformants, whereas it remained at constant levels in the WT. Interestingly, under standard white light conditions, Fx productivity in the transformants remained unchanged; however, but after 48 h of exposure to red light, it increased by up to 15%. These results indicate that PtVDL1-overexpressing P. tricornutum has industrial potential, particularly for enhancing Fx production under red light conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungbeom Seo
- Department of Life Science, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Suk Chang
- Department of Life Science, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Sun Choi
- Korea Radio-Isotope Center for Pharmaceuticals, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - EonSeon Jin
- Department of Life Science, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
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2
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Whitworth P, Aldred N, Finlay JA, Reynolds KJ, Plummer J, Clare AS. UV-C LED-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer formation, lesion repair and mutagenesis in the biofilm-forming diatom, Navicula incerta. BIOFOULING 2024; 40:76-87. [PMID: 38384189 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2024.2319178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
The use of ultraviolet-C (UV-C) irradiation in marine biofouling control is a relatively new and potentially disruptive technology. This study examined effects of UV-C exposure on the biofilm-forming diatom, Navicula incerta. UV-C-induced mutations were identified via Illumina HiSeq. A de novo genome was assembled from control sequences and reads from UV-C-exposed treatments were mapped to this genome, with a quantitative estimate of mutagenesis then derived from the frequency of single nucleotide polymorphisms. UV-C exposure increased cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD) abundance with a direct correlation between lesion formation and fluency. Cellular repair mechanisms gradually reduced CPDs over time, with the highest UV-C fluence treatments having the fastest repair rates. Mutation abundances were, however, negatively correlated with CPD abundance suggesting that UV-C exposure may influence lesion repair. The threshold fluence for CPD formation exceeding CPD repair was >1.27 J cm-2. Fluences >2.54 J cm-2 were predicted to inhibit repair mechanisms. While UV-C holds considerable promise for marine antifouling, diatoms are just one, albeit an important, component of marine biofouling communities. Determining fluence thresholds for other representative taxa, highlighting the most resistant, would allow UV-C treatments to be specifically tuned to target biofouling organisms, whilst limiting environmental effects and the power requirement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Whitworth
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Nick Aldred
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom
| | - John A Finlay
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin J Reynolds
- Technology & Innovation Delivery, Marine, Protective and Yacht, AkzoNobel/International Paint Ltd, Felling, Gateshead, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph Plummer
- Physical Sciences Group, Platform Systems Division, Defence Science and Technology Laboratory (DSTL), Porton Down, Salisbury, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony S Clare
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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3
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Smeriglio A, Lionti J, Ingegneri M, Burlando B, Cornara L, Grillo F, Mastracci L, Trombetta D. Xanthophyll-Rich Extract of Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin as New Photoprotective Cosmeceutical Agent: Safety and Efficacy Assessment on In Vitro Reconstructed Human Epidermis Model. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104190. [PMID: 37241930 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The nutritional and health properties of algae make them perfect functional ingredients for nutraceutical and cosmeceutical applications. In this study, the Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin (Phaeodactylaceae), a pleiomorphic diatom commonly found in marine ecosystems, was investigated. The in vitro culture conditions used favoured the fusiform morphotype, characterized by a high accumulation of neutral lipids, as detected by fluorescence microscopy after BODIPY staining. These data were confirmed by HPLC-DAD-APCI-MS/MS analyses carried out on the ethanolic extract (PTE), which showed a high content of xanthophylls (98.99%), and in particular of fucoxanthin (Fx, 6.67 g/100 g PTE). The antioxidant activity (ORAC, FRAP, TEAC and β-carotene bleaching) and photostability of PTE and Fx against UVA and UVB rays were firstly evaluated by in vitro cell-free assays. After this, phototoxicity and photoprotective studies were carried out on in vitro reconstructed human epidermidis models. Results demonstrated that PTE (0.1% Fx) and 0.1% Fx, both photostable, significantly (p < 0.05) reduce oxidative and inflammatory stress markers (ROS, NO and IL-1α), as well as cytotoxicity and sunburn cells induced by UVA and UVB doses simulating the solar radiation, with an excellent safety profile. However, PTE proved to be more effective than Fx, suggesting its effective and safe use in broad-spectrum sunscreens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Smeriglio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences (ChiBioFarAm), University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Joseph Lionti
- Archimede Ricerche Srl, Corso Italia 220, 18033 Camporosso, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, Via Leon Battista Alberti, 2, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Ingegneri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences (ChiBioFarAm), University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Bruno Burlando
- Department of Pharmacy-DIFAR, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV 3, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Laura Cornara
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genova, Corso Europa 26, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Federica Grillo
- Pathology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Luca Mastracci
- Pathology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Domenico Trombetta
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences (ChiBioFarAm), University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
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4
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Chen XH, Yang MK, Li YY, Xie ZX, Zhang SF, Töpel M, Amin SA, Lin L, Ge F, Wang DZ. Improving the genome and proteome annotations of the marine model diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana using a proteogenomics strategy. MARINE LIFE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 5:102-115. [PMID: 37073328 PMCID: PMC10077189 DOI: 10.1007/s42995-022-00161-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Diatoms are unicellular eukaryotic phytoplankton that account for approximately 20% of global carbon fixation and 40% of marine primary productivity; thus, they are essential for global carbon biogeochemical cycling and climate. The availability of ten diatom genome sequences has facilitated evolutionary, biological and ecological research over the past decade; however, a complimentary map of the diatom proteome with direct measurements of proteins and peptides is still lacking. Here, we present a proteome map of the model marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana using high-resolution mass spectrometry combined with a proteogenomic strategy. In-depth proteomic profiling of three different growth phases and three nutrient-deficient samples identified 9526 proteins, accounting for ~ 81% of the predicted protein-coding genes. Proteogenomic analysis identified 1235 novel genes, 975 revised genes, 104 splice variants and 234 single amino acid variants. Furthermore, our quantitative proteomic analysis experimentally demonstrated that a considerable number of novel genes were differentially translated under different nutrient conditions. These findings substantially improve the genome annotation of T. pseudonana and provide insights into new biological functions of diatoms. This relatively comprehensive diatom proteome catalog will complement available diatom genome and transcriptome data to advance biological and ecological research of marine diatoms. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42995-022-00161-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Huang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science/College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005 China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519082 China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environment, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, 363000 China
| | - Ming-Kun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072 China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science/College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005 China
| | - Zhang-Xian Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science/College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005 China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519082 China
| | - Shu-Feng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science/College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005 China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519082 China
| | - Mats Töpel
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 461, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
- IVL-Swedish Environmental Research Institute, Box 53021, 40014 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Shady A. Amin
- New York University Abu Dhabi, Saadiyat Island, 129188 Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Lin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science/College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005 China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519082 China
| | - Feng Ge
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072 China
| | - Da-Zhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science/College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005 China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519082 China
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Recovery of nutrients from aquaculture wastewater: Effects of light quality on the growth, biochemical composition, and nutrient removal of Chlorella sorokiniana. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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6
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Gao S, Zhou L, Yang W, Wang L, Liu X, Gong Y, Hu Q, Wang G. Overexpression of a novel gene (Pt2015) endows the commercial diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum high lipid content and grazing resistance. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2022; 15:131. [PMID: 36435813 PMCID: PMC9701398 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-022-02221-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum is a commercially viable species due to its bioactive substances and lipid productivity. Increasing attention has been paid to the isolation or genetic modification of species or strains with a rapid growth rate and large quantities of lipids. Furthermore, contamination of microzooplankton has been one of the major constraints in P. tricornutum large-scale cultivation, which adversely affects growth and greatly impedes the course of biomass production industrialization. RESULTS Here, based on our previous transcriptomics of P. tricornutum, we found a novel gene (ID: 7202015, hereafter called Pt2015) which affects morphotype of P. tricornutum. Pt2015 protein is located in the plastid, which is highly homologous to part of the sequences of exosome component. The morphotype of the Pt2015 knockout strain (termed 2015KO) using CRISPR/Cas9 method is fusiform, but the Pt2015 overexpression strain (termed oeT) demonstrates a majority triradiate morphotype (approximately 95%) which is stable and has been cultured for more than 200 generations. In addition, the oeT strain demonstrated a similar growth rate to the WT and simultaneously accumulated larger lipids droplets that increased by approximately 30% compared to that of the WT. More importantly, the grazing rate of the amoebae cultured in the oeT strain significantly decreased in comparison with that cultured in WT, suggesting that the oeT can effectively avoid being eaten by microzooplankton. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, the oeT strain not only improves our understanding of morphotype conversion in diatoms but also demonstrates potential applications for large-scale cultivation of P. tricornutum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Gao
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega‑Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Lu Zhou
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega‑Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- College of Earth Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wenting Yang
- College of Life Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega‑Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Xuehua Liu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega‑Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Yingchun Gong
- Center for Microalgal Biotechnology and Biofuels, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Qiang Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Faculty of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Guangce Wang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega‑Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
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7
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Zepernick BN, Niknejad DJ, Stark GF, Truchon AR, Martin RM, Rossignol KL, Paerl HW, Wilhelm SW. Morphological, physiological, and transcriptional responses of the freshwater diatom Fragilaria crotonensis to elevated pH conditions. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1044464. [PMID: 36504786 PMCID: PMC9732472 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1044464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) caused by the toxin-producing cyanobacteria Microcystis spp., can increase water column pH. While the effect(s) of these basified conditions on the bloom formers are a high research priority, how these pH shifts affect other biota remains understudied. Recently, it was shown these high pH levels decrease growth and Si deposition rates in the freshwater diatom Fragilaria crotonensis and natural Lake Erie (Canada-US) diatom populations. However, the physiological mechanisms and transcriptional responses of diatoms associated with these observations remain to be documented. Here, we examined F. crotonensis with a set of morphological, physiological, and transcriptomic tools to identify cellular responses to high pH. We suggest 2 potential mechanisms that may contribute to morphological and physiological pH effects observed in F. crotonensis. Moreover, we identified a significant upregulation of mobile genetic elements in the F. crotonensis genome which appear to be an extreme transcriptional response to this abiotic stress to enhance cellular evolution rates-a process we have termed "genomic roulette." We discuss the ecological and biogeochemical effects high pH conditions impose on fresh waters and suggest a means by which freshwater diatoms such as F. crotonensis may evade high pH stress to survive in a "basified" future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David J. Niknejad
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Gwendolyn F. Stark
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Alexander R. Truchon
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Robbie M. Martin
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Karen L. Rossignol
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Morehead City, NC, United States
| | - Hans W. Paerl
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Morehead City, NC, United States
| | - Steven W. Wilhelm
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
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8
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Zhang SF, Han BB, Shi RJ, Wu FX, Rao YY, Dai M, Huang HH. Quantitative Proteomic Analysis Reveals the Key Molecular Events Driving Phaeocystis globosa Bloom and Dissipation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012668. [PMID: 36293526 PMCID: PMC9604223 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Phaeocystis globosa is a marine-bloom-forming haptophyte with a polymorphic life cycle alternating between free-living cells and a colonial morphotype, that produces high biomass and impacts ecological structure and function. The mechanisms of P. globosa bloom formation have been extensively studied, and various environmental factors are believed to trigger these events. However, little is known about the intrinsic biological processes that drive the bloom process, and the mechanisms underlying P. globosa bloom formation remain enigmatic. Here, we investigated a P. globosa bloom occurring along the Chinese coast and compared the proteomes of in situ P. globosa colonies from bloom and dissipation phases using a tandem mass tag (TMT)-based quantitative proteomic approach. Among the 5540 proteins identified, 191 and 109 proteins displayed higher abundances in the bloom and dissipation phases, respectively. The levels of proteins involved in photosynthesis, pigment metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, and matrix substrate biosynthesis were distinctly different between these two phases. Ambient nitrate is a key trigger of P. globosa bloom formation, while the enhanced light harvest and multiple inorganic carbon-concentrating mechanisms support the prosperousness of colonies in the bloom phase. Additionally, colonies in the bloom phase have greater carbon fixation potential, with more carbon and energy being fixed and flowing toward the colonial matrix biosynthesis. Our study revealed the key biological processes underlying P. globosa blooms and provides new insights into the mechanisms behind bloom formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Fei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Bei-Bei Han
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Rong-Jun Shi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Feng-Xia Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Yi-Yong Rao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Ming Dai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Hong-Hui Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511485, China
- Correspondence:
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9
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Fierli D, Barone ME, Graceffa V, Touzet N. Cold stress combined with salt or abscisic acid supplementation enhances lipogenesis and carotenogenesis in Phaeodactylum tricornutum (Bacillariophyceae). Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2022; 45:1967-1977. [PMID: 36264371 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-022-02800-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Compounds from microalgae such as ω3-fatty acids or carotenoid are commercially exploited within the pharmacology, nutraceutical, or cosmetic sectors. The co-stimulation of several compounds of interest may improve the cost-effectiveness of microalgal biorefinery pipelines. This study focussed on Phaeodactylum tricornutum to investigate the effects on lipogenesis and carotenogenesis of combined stressors, here cold temperature and addition of NaCl salt or the phytohormone abscisic acid, using a two-stage cultivation strategy. Cold stress with NaCl or phytohormone addition increased the neutral lipid content of the biomass (20 to 35%). These treatments also enhanced the proportions of EPA (22% greater than control) in the fatty acid profile. Also, these treatments had a stimulatory effect on carotenogenesis, especially the combination of cold stress with NaCl addition, which returned the highest production of fucoxanthin (33% increase). The gene expression of diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) and the ω-3 desaturase precursor (PTD15) were enhanced 4- and 16-fold relative to the control, respectively. In addition, zeaxanthin epoxidase 3 (ZEP3), was downregulated at low temperature when combined with abscisic acid. These results highlight the benefits of applying a combination of low temperature and salinity stress, to simultaneously enhance the yields of the valuable metabolites EPA and fucoxanthin in Phaeodactylum tricornutum.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Fierli
- School of Science, Department of Environmental Science, Centre for Environmental Research, Sustainability and Innovation, Atlantic Technological University, Ash Ln, Ballytivnan, Sligo, F91 YW50, Ireland.
| | - Maria Elena Barone
- School of Science, Department of Environmental Science, Centre for Environmental Research, Sustainability and Innovation, Atlantic Technological University, Ash Ln, Ballytivnan, Sligo, F91 YW50, Ireland
| | - Valeria Graceffa
- School of Science, Department of Life Sciences, Cellular Health and Toxicology Research Group (CHAT), Atlantic Technological University, Ash Ln, Ballytivnan, Sligo, F91 YW50, Ireland
| | - Nicolas Touzet
- School of Science, Department of Environmental Science, Centre for Environmental Research, Sustainability and Innovation, Atlantic Technological University, Ash Ln, Ballytivnan, Sligo, F91 YW50, Ireland
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10
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Roychoudhury P, Bose R, Dąbek P, Witkowski A. Photonic Nano-/Microstructured Diatom Based Biosilica in Metal Modification and Removal-A Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:ma15196597. [PMID: 36233939 PMCID: PMC9572592 DOI: 10.3390/ma15196597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The siliceous exoskeletal shells of diatoms, commonly known as frustules, have drawn attention because of their photoluminescence property and high volume to surface area. Photonic biosilica can also enhance the plasmonic sensitivity of nanoparticles. Because of this, researchers have studied the effectiveness of various metal particles after combining with biosilica. Additionally, naturally occurring diatom-based biosilica has excellent adsorption and absorption capabilities, which have already been exploited for wastewater treatment. Moreover, the nanoporous, ultra-hydrophilic frustules can easily accumulate more molecules on their surfaces. As a consequence, it becomes easier to conjugate noble metals with silica, making them more stable and effective. The main focus of this review is to agglomerate the utility of biocompatible diatom frustules, which is a no-cost natural resource of biosilica, in metal modification and removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piya Roychoudhury
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Szczecin, Mickiewicza 16a, 70-383 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Rahul Bose
- Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Ballygunge Circular Road 35, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Przemysław Dąbek
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Szczecin, Mickiewicza 16a, 70-383 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Andrzej Witkowski
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Szczecin, Mickiewicza 16a, 70-383 Szczecin, Poland
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11
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Sun Y, Xin Y, Zhang L, Wang Y, Liu R, Li X, Zhou C, Zhang L, Han J. Enhancement of violaxanthin accumulation in Nannochloropsis oceanica by overexpressing a carotenoid isomerase gene from Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:942883. [PMID: 36118188 PMCID: PMC9471142 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.942883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Nannochloropsis has been considered as a promising feedstock for the industrial production of violaxanthin. However, a rational breeding strategy for the enhancement of violaxanthin content in this microalga is still vacant, thereby limiting its industrial application. All-trans-lycopene locates in the first branch point of carotenogenesis. The carotenoid isomerase (CRTISO), catalyzing the lycopene formation, is thus regarded as a key enzyme for carotenogenesis. Phaeodactylum tricornutum can accumulate high-level carotenoids under optimal conditions. Therefore, it is feasible to improve violaxanthin level in Nannochloropsis by overexpression of PtCRTISO. Protein targeting analysis of seven PtCRTISO candidates (PtCRTISO1–6 and PtCRTISO-like) demonstrated that PtCRTISO4 was most likely the carotenoid isomerase of P. tricornutum. Moreover, the transcriptional pattern of PtCRTISO4 at different cultivation periods was quite similar to other known carotenogenesis genes. Thus, PtCRTISO4 was transformed into N. oceanica. Compared to the wild type (WT), all three transgenic lines (T1–T3) of N. oceanica exhibited higher levels of total carotenoid and violaxanthin. Notably, T3 exhibited the peak violaxanthin content of 4.48 mg g–1 dry cell weight (DCW), which was 1.68-folds higher than WT. Interestingly, qRT-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results demonstrated that phytoene synthase (NoPSY) rather than ζ-carotene desaturase (NoZDS) and lycopene β-cyclase (NoLCYB) exhibited the highest upregulation, suggesting that PtCRTISO4 played an additional regulatory role in terms of carotenoid accumulation. Moreover, PtCRTISO4 overexpression increased C18:1n-9 but decreased C16:1n-7, implying that C18:1 may serve as a main feedstock for xanthophyll esterification in Nannochloropsis. Our results will provide valuable information for the violaxanthin production from Nannochloropsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Sun
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yi Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in the South China Sea, College of Oceanology, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Luyao Zhang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Ruolan Liu
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Chengxu Zhou
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education of China, School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- *Correspondence: Lin Zhang,
| | - Jichang Han
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Jichang Han,
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12
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Din NAS, Mohd Alayudin ‘AS, Sofian-Seng NS, Rahman HA, Mohd Razali NS, Lim SJ, Wan Mustapha WA. Brown Algae as Functional Food Source of Fucoxanthin: A Review. Foods 2022; 11:2235. [PMID: 35954003 PMCID: PMC9368577 DOI: 10.3390/foods11152235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fucoxanthin is an algae-specific xanthophyll of aquatic carotenoid. It is prevalent in brown seaweed because it functions as a light-harvesting complex for algal photosynthesis and photoprotection. Its exceptional chemical structure exhibits numerous biological activities that benefit human health. Due to these valuable properties, fucoxanthin's potential as a potent source for functional food, feed, and medicine is being explored extensively today. This article has thoroughly reviewed the availability and biosynthesis of fucoxanthin in the brown seaweed, as well as the mechanism behind it. We included the literature findings concerning the beneficial bioactivities of fucoxanthin such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, antidiabetic, anticancer, and other potential activities. Last, an additional view on its potential as a functional food ingredient has been discussed to facilitate a broader application of fucoxanthin as a promising bioactive compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Akmal Solehah Din
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.A.S.D.); (‘A.S.M.A.); (N.-S.S.-S.); (H.A.R.); (N.S.M.R.); (S.J.L.)
| | - ‘Ain Sajda Mohd Alayudin
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.A.S.D.); (‘A.S.M.A.); (N.-S.S.-S.); (H.A.R.); (N.S.M.R.); (S.J.L.)
| | - Noor-Soffalina Sofian-Seng
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.A.S.D.); (‘A.S.M.A.); (N.-S.S.-S.); (H.A.R.); (N.S.M.R.); (S.J.L.)
- Innovation Centre for Confectionery Technology (MANIS), Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hafeedza Abdul Rahman
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.A.S.D.); (‘A.S.M.A.); (N.-S.S.-S.); (H.A.R.); (N.S.M.R.); (S.J.L.)
- Innovation Centre for Confectionery Technology (MANIS), Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Noorul Syuhada Mohd Razali
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.A.S.D.); (‘A.S.M.A.); (N.-S.S.-S.); (H.A.R.); (N.S.M.R.); (S.J.L.)
- Innovation Centre for Confectionery Technology (MANIS), Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Seng Joe Lim
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.A.S.D.); (‘A.S.M.A.); (N.-S.S.-S.); (H.A.R.); (N.S.M.R.); (S.J.L.)
- Innovation Centre for Confectionery Technology (MANIS), Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wan Aida Wan Mustapha
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.A.S.D.); (‘A.S.M.A.); (N.-S.S.-S.); (H.A.R.); (N.S.M.R.); (S.J.L.)
- Innovation Centre for Confectionery Technology (MANIS), Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
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13
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The Microalgae Phaeodactylum tricornutum Is Well Suited as a Food with Positive Effects on the Intestinal Microbiota and the Generation of SCFA: Results from a Pre-Clinical Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14122504. [PMID: 35745233 PMCID: PMC9229211 DOI: 10.3390/nu14122504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Microalgae such as Phaeodactylum tricornutum (PT) are a sustainable source of nutrients, especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), fucoxanthin (Fx), and chrysolaminarin (Chrl), the concentrations of which can vary depending on the culture conditions. We generated three types of diets containing either an EPA- and Fx-rich (EPA/Fx) or Chrl-rich microalgae (with 5, 15, or 25% added to the diet) or an isocaloric control diet (CD). These diets were evaluated over 14 days in young C57BL/6J mice for safety and bioavailability, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, and microbiome analysis. Both microalgae diets increased body weight gain dose-dependently compared to the CD. Microalgae-derived EPA was well absorbed, resulting in increased liver and fat tissue levels and a decrease in the n-6:n-3 ratio in liver tissue. Both microalgae diets increased the production of selected SCFA and decreased the Firmicutes/Bacteriodota ratio, whereas the Chrl-rich diet led to an increase in Akkermansia. Doses of up to 4621 mg Chrl, 920 mg EPA, and 231 mg Fx per kg body weight daily were tolerated without adverse effects. This pre-clinical study shows that PT is suitable for mouse feed, with positive effects on microbiota composition and SCFA production, suggesting beneficial effects on gut health.
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14
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Chen J, Huang Y, Shu Y, Hu X, Wu D, Jiang H, Wang K, Liu W, Fu W. Recent Progress on Systems and Synthetic Biology of Diatoms for Improving Algal Productivity. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:908804. [PMID: 35646842 PMCID: PMC9136054 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.908804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microalgae have drawn much attention for their potential applications as a sustainable source for developing bioactive compounds, functional foods, feeds, and biofuels. Diatoms, as one major group of microalgae with high yields and strong adaptability to the environment, have shown advantages in developing photosynthetic cell factories to produce value-added compounds, including heterologous bioactive products. However, the commercialization of diatoms has encountered several obstacles that limit the potential mass production, such as the limitation of algal productivity and low photosynthetic efficiency. In recent years, systems and synthetic biology have dramatically improved the efficiency of diatom cell factories. In this review, we discussed first the genome sequencing and genome-scale metabolic models (GEMs) of diatoms. Then, approaches to optimizing photosynthetic efficiency are introduced with a focus on the enhancement of biomass productivity in diatoms. We also reviewed genome engineering technologies, including CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) gene-editing to produce bioactive compounds in diatoms. Finally, we summarized the recent progress on the diatom cell factory for producing heterologous compounds through genome engineering to introduce foreign genes into host diatoms. This review also pinpointed the bottlenecks in algal engineering development and provided critical insights into the future direction of algal production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwei Chen
- Department of Marine Science, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Huang
- Department of Marine Science, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuexuan Shu
- Department of Marine Science, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyue Hu
- Center for Data Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Marine Science, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hangjin Jiang
- Center for Data Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kui Wang
- Department of Marine Science, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weihua Liu
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiqi Fu
- Department of Marine Science, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Center for Systems Biology and Faculty of Industrial Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science, School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- *Correspondence: Weiqi Fu,
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15
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Chuberre C, Chan P, Walet-Balieu ML, Thiébert F, Burel C, Hardouin J, Gügi B, Bardor M. Comparative Proteomic Analysis of the Diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum Reveals New Insights Into Intra- and Extra-Cellular Protein Contents of Its Oval, Fusiform, and Triradiate Morphotypes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:673113. [PMID: 35386671 PMCID: PMC8977783 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.673113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Phaeodactylum tricornutum is an atypical diatom since it can display three main morphotypes: fusiform, triradiate, and oval. Such pleomorphism is possible thanks to an original metabolism, which is tightly regulated in order to acclimate to environmental conditions. Currently, studies dedicated to the comparison of each morphotype issued from one specific strain are scarce and little information is available regarding the physiological significance of this morphogenesis. In this study, we performed a comparative proteomic analysis of the three morphotypes from P. tricornutum. Cultures highly enriched in one dominant morphotype (fusiform, triradiate, or oval) of P. tricornutum Pt3 strain were used. Pairwise comparisons highlighted biological processes, which are up- and down-regulated in the oval (e.g., purine and cellular amino acid metabolism) and triradiate morphotypes (e.g., oxido-reduction and glycolytic processes) compared to the fusiform one used as a reference. Intersection analysis allowed us to identify the specific features of the oval morphotype. Results from this study confirmed previous transcriptomic RNA sequencing observation showing that the oval cells present a distinct metabolism with specific protein enrichment compared to fusiform and triradiate cells. Finally, the analysis of the secretome of each morphotype was also performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coralie Chuberre
- UNIROUEN, Laboratoire Glyco-MEV EA4358, Normandie Université, Rouen, France
| | - Philippe Chan
- UNIROUEN, PISSARO Proteomic Facility, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Normandie Université, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM US 51, CNRS UAR 2026, HeRacLeS-PISSARO, Rouen, France
- UNIROUEN, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Normandie Université, Rouen, France
| | | | - François Thiébert
- UNIROUEN, Laboratoire Glyco-MEV EA4358, Normandie Université, Rouen, France
| | - Carole Burel
- UNIROUEN, Laboratoire Glyco-MEV EA4358, Normandie Université, Rouen, France
| | - Julie Hardouin
- UNIROUEN, PISSARO Proteomic Facility, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Normandie Université, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM US 51, CNRS UAR 2026, HeRacLeS-PISSARO, Rouen, France
- Polymers, Biopolymers, Surface Laboratory, UMR 6270 CNRS, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Bruno Gügi
- UNIROUEN, Laboratoire Glyco-MEV EA4358, Normandie Université, Rouen, France
| | - Muriel Bardor
- UNIROUEN, Laboratoire Glyco-MEV EA4358, Normandie Université, Rouen, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
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16
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Phloroglucinol promotes fucoxanthin synthesis by activating the cis-zeatin and brassinolide pathways in Thalassiosira pseudonana. Appl Environ Microbiol 2022; 88:e0216021. [PMID: 35108066 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02160-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Phloroglucinol improves shoot formation and somatic embryogenesis in several horticultural and grain crops, but its function in microalgae remains unclear. Here, we found that sufficiently high concentrations of phloroglucinol significantly increased fucoxanthin synthesis, growth, and photosynthetic efficiency in the microalga Thalassiosira pseudonana. These results suggested that the role of phloroglucinol is conserved across higher plants and microalgae. Further analysis showed that, after phloroglucinol treatment, the contents of cis-zeatin and brassinolide in T. pseudonana increased significantly, while the contents of trans-zeatin, iP, auxin, or gibberellin were unaffected. Indeed, functional studies showed that the effects of cis-zeatin and brassinolide in T. pseudonana were similar to those of phloroglucinol. Knockout of key enzyme genes in the cis-zeatin synthesis pathway of T. pseudonana or treatment of T. pseudonana with a brassinolide synthesis inhibitor (brassinazole) significantly reduced growth and fucoxanthin content in T. pseudonana, and phloroglucinol treatment partially alleviated these inhibitory effects. However, phloroglucinol treatment was ineffective when the cis-zeatin and brassinolide pathways were simultaneously inhibited. These results suggested that the cis-zeatin and brassinolide signaling pathways are independent regulators of fucoxanthin synthesis in T. pseudonana, and that phloroglucinol affects both pathways. Thus, this study not only characterizes the mechanism by which phloroglucinol promotes fucoxanthin synthesis, but also demonstrates the roles of cis-zeatin and brassinolide in T. pseudonana. IMPORTANCE Here, we demonstrate that phloroglucinol, a growth promoter in higher plants, also increases growth and fucoxanthin synthesis in the microalga Thalassiosira pseudonana, and therefore may have substantial practical application for industrial fucoxanthin production. Phloroglucinol treatment also induced the synthesis of cis-zeatin and brassinolide in T. pseudonana, and the cis-zeatin and brassinolide signaling pathways were implicated in the phloroglucinol-driven increases in T. pseudonana growth and fucoxanthin synthesis. Thus, our work clarified the molecular mechanism of phloroglucinol promoting the growth and fucoxanthin synthesis of Thalassiosira pseudonana, and suggested that cis-zeatin and brassinolide, in addition to phloroglucinol, had potential utility as inducers of increased microalgal fucoxanthin production.
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17
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Wang ZP, Wang PK, Ma Y, Lin JX, Wang CL, Zhao YX, Zhang XY, Huang BC, Zhao SG, Gao L, Jiang J, Wang HY, Chen W. Laminaria japonica hydrolysate promotes fucoxanthin accumulation in Phaeodactylum tricornutum. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 344:126117. [PMID: 34653631 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fucoxanthin (Fx) has gained a growing attention due to the remarkable biological activities. The limited biomass of was the restrictive factor for Fx production in Phaeodactylum tricornutum. In this study, Laminaria japonica hydrolysate (LPH) with a low addition proportion of 1.5 ml/L, was proved to promote fucoxanthin accumulation and cell growth simultaneously. Fx topped at 27.9 mg/L after 10-d cultivation in the LPH group, with a biomass of 1.59 g/L and a Fx content of 17.55 mg/g. Three key plant hormones in LPH were screened responsible for promoting fucoxanthin accumulation. Transcriptomic analysis and qRT-PCR results showed that genes related to Fx formation were generally up- regulated. The study demonstrated that LPH addition was a feasible and efficient strategy to enhance production of fucoxanthin, facilitating the scale-up production of Fx in autotrophic culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Peng Wang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China
| | - Pei-Kang Wang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China
| | - Yan Ma
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China
| | - Jia-Xue Lin
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China
| | - Cheng-Long Wang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China
| | - Yu-Xiang Zhao
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China
| | - Xin-Yue Zhang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China
| | - Bei-Chen Huang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China
| | - Shou-Geng Zhao
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China
| | - Lei Gao
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China
| | - Jing Jiang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215009, China
| | - Hai-Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Polar Fishery, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China.
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Seth K, Kumar A, Rastogi RP, Meena M, Vinayak V, Harish. Bioprospecting of fucoxanthin from diatoms — Challenges and perspectives. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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19
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A review on the progress, challenges and prospects in commercializing microalgal fucoxanthin. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 53:107865. [PMID: 34763051 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Fucoxanthin, the most abundant but nearly untapped carotenoid resource, is in the spotlight in the last decade from various perspectives due to a wide range of bioactivities and healthy benefits. The exploitation of fucoxanthin for nutraceutical and pharmaceutical purposes encompasses enormous scientific and economic potentials. Traditional production of fucoxanthin from brown algae (macroalgae) is constrained by limited yield and prohibitively high cost. Microalgae, as the most diverse photoautotrophs, hold the promises as sustainable sources and ideal cell factories for commercial fucoxanthin production, owing to their rich fucoxanthin content and excellent biomass productivity. In this work, the recent progress in upstream (microalgae selection, optimization of culture conditions, trophic modes, cultivation strategies and biosynthesis pathway) as well as downstream processes (extraction) of fucoxanthin production has been comprehensively and critically reviewed. The major bottlenecks, such as screening of fucoxanthin-producers, conflict between biomass and fucoxanthin accumulation under high light condition, unclear steps in biosynthesis pathway and limited evaluation of outdoor scale-up cultivation and extraction, have been pinpointed. Most importantly, the applications of emerging and conventional techniques facilitating commercialization of microalgal fucoxanthin are highlighted. The reviewed and evaluated include breeding and high-throughput screening methods of elite strains; flashing light effect inducing concurrent biomass and fucoxanthin accumulation; fucoxanthin biosynthesis and the regulatory mechanisms associating with its accumulation elucidated with the development of genetic engineering and omics techniques; and photobioreactors, harvesting and extraction techniques suitable for scaling up fucoxanthin production. In conclusion, the prospects of microalgal fucoxanthin commercialization can be expected with the joint development of fundamental phycology and biotechnology.
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Mazur R, Mostowska A, Kowalewska Ł. How to Measure Grana - Ultrastructural Features of Thylakoid Membranes of Plant Chloroplasts. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:756009. [PMID: 34691132 PMCID: PMC8527009 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.756009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Granum is a basic structural unit of the thylakoid membrane network of plant chloroplasts. It is composed of multiple flattened membranes forming a stacked arrangement of a cylindrical shape. Grana membranes are composed of lipids and tightly packed pigment-protein complexes whose primary role is the catalysis of photosynthetic light reactions. These membranes are highly dynamic structures capable of adapting to changing environmental conditions by fine-tuning photochemical efficiency, manifested by the structural reorganization of grana stacks. Due to a nanometer length scale of the structural granum features, the application of high-resolution electron microscopic techniques is essential for a detailed analysis of the granum architecture. This mini-review overviews recent approaches to quantitative grana structure analyses from electron microscopy data, highlighting the basic manual measurements and semi-automated workflows. We outline and define structural parameters used by different authors, for instance, granum height and diameter, thylakoid thickness, end-membrane length, Stacking Repeat Distance, and Granum Lateral Irregularity. This article also presents insights into efficient and effective measurements of grana stacks visualized on 2D micrographs. The information on how to correctly interpret obtained data, taking into account the 3D nature of grana stacks projected onto 2D space of electron micrograph, is also given. Grana ultrastructural observations reveal key features of this intriguing membrane arrangement, broadening our knowledge of the thylakoid network's remarkable plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radosław Mazur
- Department of Metabolic Regulation, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Mostowska
- Department of Plant Anatomy and Cytology, Institute of Plant Experimental Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Łucja Kowalewska
- Department of Plant Anatomy and Cytology, Institute of Plant Experimental Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Analyses Provide Novel Insights into Glucose-Induced Trophic Transition of the Marine Diatom Nitzschia laevis. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19080426. [PMID: 34436265 PMCID: PMC8401676 DOI: 10.3390/md19080426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Diatoms have important ecological roles and are natural sources of bioactive compounds. Nitzschia laevis is a member of marine diatoms that accumulates high-value products including fucoxanthin and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). In this study, physiological data showed that comparing to autotrophic growth, mixotrophic cultivation with glucose supplementation led to a decrease of chlorophyll and fucoxanthin content in N. laevis, and an increase of biomass density and EPA yield. To further examine the metabolic barriers for fucoxanthin and EPA biosynthesis, comparative transcriptomic and metabolome analyses were conducted, with a focus on the genes related to carotenoids biosynthesis and fatty acid metabolism. The results indicated that phytoene desaturase (PDS) and zeta-carotene isomerase (ZISO) could be the rate-limiting enzymes in carotenoid biosynthesis. The transcription regulation of 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase (KCS) and elongation of very long chain fatty acids protein (EVOVL) are important contributors associated with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) accumulation. Furthermore, we also investigated the glucose-associated regulatory genes using weighted gene co-expression network analysis, and identified potential hub genes linked with cell cycle, carbohydrate metabolism, purine biosynthesis, and lipid metabolism. This study offers a high-quality transcriptome resource for N. laevis and provides a molecular framework for further metabolic engineering studies on fucoxanthin and EPA production.
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Tamaki S, Mochida K, Suzuki K. Diverse Biosynthetic Pathways and Protective Functions against Environmental Stress of Antioxidants in Microalgae. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:1250. [PMID: 34205386 PMCID: PMC8234872 DOI: 10.3390/plants10061250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Eukaryotic microalgae have been classified into several biological divisions and have evolutionarily acquired diverse morphologies, metabolisms, and life cycles. They are naturally exposed to environmental stresses that cause oxidative damage due to reactive oxygen species accumulation. To cope with environmental stresses, microalgae contain various antioxidants, including carotenoids, ascorbate (AsA), and glutathione (GSH). Carotenoids are hydrophobic pigments required for light harvesting, photoprotection, and phototaxis. AsA constitutes the AsA-GSH cycle together with GSH and is responsible for photooxidative stress defense. GSH contributes not only to ROS scavenging, but also to heavy metal detoxification and thiol-based redox regulation. The evolutionary diversity of microalgae influences the composition and biosynthetic pathways of these antioxidants. For example, α-carotene and its derivatives are specific to Chlorophyta, whereas diadinoxanthin and fucoxanthin are found in Heterokontophyta, Haptophyta, and Dinophyta. It has been suggested that AsA is biosynthesized via the plant pathway in Chlorophyta and Rhodophyta and via the Euglena pathway in Euglenophyta, Heterokontophyta, and Haptophyta. The GSH biosynthetic pathway is conserved in all biological kingdoms; however, Euglenophyta are able to synthesize an additional thiol antioxidant, trypanothione, using GSH as the substrate. In the present study, we reviewed and discussed the diversity of microalgal antioxidants, including recent findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Tamaki
- Microalgae Production Control Technology Laboratory, RIKEN Baton Zone Program, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan; (K.M.); (K.S.)
| | - Keiichi Mochida
- Microalgae Production Control Technology Laboratory, RIKEN Baton Zone Program, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan; (K.M.); (K.S.)
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
- School of Information and Data Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Kengo Suzuki
- Microalgae Production Control Technology Laboratory, RIKEN Baton Zone Program, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan; (K.M.); (K.S.)
- euglena Co., Ltd., Tokyo 108-0014, Japan
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Yang H, Xing R, Liu S, Li P. Effect of Fucoxanthin Administration on Thyroid Gland Injury Induced by Cadmium in Mice. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:1877-1884. [PMID: 32691210 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02291-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The intervention effect of fucoxanthin, which is reportedly a powerful antioxidant, on cadmium-induced thyroid damage in mice was evaluated. Animals (N = 120) were divided into control group (given pure water, N = 20) and CdCl2-exposed group (given CdCl2 orally at a dose of 30 mg/kg body weight (bw)/day for 30 days, N = 100). Besides, the CdCl2-exposed group was divided into the following 5 groups (N = 20) to evaluate the intervention effect of fucoxanthin: (1) negative control group (NCG; animals were supplied with pure water); (2) positive control group (PCG; animals were supplied with 50 mg/kg bw/day thyroid tablets. Thyroid tablets are made from the thyroid glands of pigs, cattle, sheep and other food animals (the main components of T4). But because they are extracts of the thyroid glands, they may contain a small amount of T3. The specific amount of T3 is unknown.); (3) low fucoxanthin concentration group (F1; animals were supplied with 10 mg/kg bw/day fucoxanthin); (4) medium fucoxanthin concentration group (F2; animals were supplied with 25 mg/kg bw/day fucoxanthin); (5) high fucoxanthin concentration groups (F3; animals were supplied with 50 mg/kg bw/day fucoxanthin). A 14-day treatment was conducted for these animals. The levels of T4, T3, MDA, ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and catalase were measured, and the expression levels of Bax, Bcl-2, ERK1, ERK2, MEK1, eIf2α, p-eIf2α, GRP78 and GRP94 genes were determined using real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCR). In addition, tissue histopathology and ultrastructure were recorded and analysed. We found that the injection of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) decreased serum T4 and T3 levels to 27.10 ng/ml and 837.74 pg/ml, respectively. In addition, CdCl2 intoxication induced oxidative stress, structural abnormalities and apoptosis in thyroid follicles. Our results showed that the treatment of CaCl-exposed mice with 25-50 mg/kg bw/day fucoxanthin appreciably decreased oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by CdCl2 and restored the microstructural and ultrastructural organisations of the thyroid gland towards normalcy. Compared with the negative control group, fucoxanthin treatment groups showed significant increase in T4 and T3 levels (52.17 ng/ml and 1669.18 ng/ml, respectively; P < 0.05), relieved oxidative stress by decreasing malondialdehyde level and increasing catalase and APX levels and increased apoptosis inhibition through inhibiting the ERK1/2 pathway and preventing endoplasmic reticulum stress in thyroid follicular epithelial cells. Herein, our study provides evidence of the protective effects of fucoxanthin supplementation against thyroid damage and suggests therapeutic potential of this pigment in cases of Cd intoxication and hypothyroidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyue Yang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Ronge Xing
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, China.
| | - Song Liu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Pengcheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, China
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Tiwari A, Melchor-Martínez EM, Saxena A, Kapoor N, Singh KJ, Saldarriaga-Hernández S, Parra-Saldívar R, Iqbal HMN. Therapeutic attributes and applied aspects of biological macromolecules (polypeptides, fucoxanthin, sterols, fatty acids, polysaccharides, and polyphenols) from diatoms - A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 171:398-413. [PMID: 33422516 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Diatoms are ubiquitous, biologically widespread, and have global significance due to their unique silica cell wall composition and noteworthy applied aspects. Diatoms are being extensively exploited for environmental monitoring, reconstruction, and stratigraphic correlation. However, considering all the rich elements of diatoms biology, the current literature lacks sufficient information on the therapeutic attributes and applied aspects of biological macromolecules from diatoms, hampering added advances in all aspects of diatom biology. Diatoms offer numerous high-value compounds, such as fatty acids, polysaccharides, polypeptides, pigments, and polyphenols. Diatoms with a high content of PUFA's are targets of transformation into high-value products through microalgal technologies due to their wide application and growing market as nutraceuticals and food supplements. Diatoms are renewable biomaterial, which can be used to develop drug delivery systems due to biocompatibility, surface area, cost-effective ratio, and ease in surface modifications. Innovative approaches are needed to envisage cost-effective ways for the isolation of bioactive compounds, enhance productivity, and elucidate the detailed mechanism of action. This review spotlights the notable applications of diatoms and their biologically active constituents, such as fucoxanthin and omega 3 fatty acids, among others with unique structural and functional entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Tiwari
- Diatom Research Laboratory, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, India.
| | | | - Abhishek Saxena
- Diatom Research Laboratory, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, India
| | - Neha Kapoor
- Department of Chemistry, Hindu College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Kawal Jeet Singh
- Diatom Research Laboratory, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, India
| | | | | | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico.
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Osvik RD, Ingebrigtsen RA, Norrbin MF, Andersen JH, Eilertsen HC, Hansen EH. Adding Zooplankton to the OSMAC Toolkit: Effect of Grazing Stress on the Metabolic Profile and Bioactivity of a Diatom. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19020087. [PMID: 33546196 PMCID: PMC7913365 DOI: 10.3390/md19020087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
“One strain many compounds” (OSMAC) based approaches have been widely used in the search for bioactive compounds. Introducing stress factors like nutrient limitation, UV-light or cocultivation with competing organisms has successfully been used in prokaryote cultivation. It is known that diatom physiology is affected by changed cultivation conditions such as temperature, nutrient concentration and light conditions. Cocultivation, though, is less explored. Hence, we wanted to investigate whether grazing pressure can affect the metabolome of the marine diatom Porosira glacialis, and if the stress reaction could be detected as changes in bioactivity. P. glacialis cultures were mass cultivated in large volume bioreactor (6000 L), first as a monoculture and then as a coculture with live zooplankton. Extracts of the diatom biomass were screened in a selection of bioactivity assays: inhibition of biofilm formation, antibacterial and cell viability assay on human cells. Bioactivity was found in all bioassays performed. The viability assay towards normal lung fibroblasts revealed that P. glacialis had higher bioactivity when cocultivated with zooplankton than in monoculture. Cocultivation with diatoms had no noticeable effect on the activity against biofilm formation or bacterial growth. The metabolic profiles were analyzed showing the differences in diatom metabolomes between the two culture conditions. The experiment demonstrates that grazing stress affects the biochemistry of P. glacialis and thus represents a potential tool in the OSMAC toolkit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renate Døving Osvik
- Marbio, Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT–The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway; (J.H.A.); (E.H.H.)
- Microalgae and Microbiomes, Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT–The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway; (R.A.I.); (H.C.E.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +47-776-49-265
| | - Richard Andre Ingebrigtsen
- Microalgae and Microbiomes, Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT–The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway; (R.A.I.); (H.C.E.)
| | - Maria Fredrika Norrbin
- Arctic Marine System Ecology, Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT–The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway;
| | - Jeanette Hammer Andersen
- Marbio, Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT–The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway; (J.H.A.); (E.H.H.)
| | - Hans Christian Eilertsen
- Microalgae and Microbiomes, Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT–The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway; (R.A.I.); (H.C.E.)
| | - Espen Holst Hansen
- Marbio, Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT–The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway; (J.H.A.); (E.H.H.)
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Park J, Lee H, Depuydt S, Han T, Pandey LK. Assessment of five live-cell characteristics in periphytic diatoms as a measure of copper stress. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 400:123113. [PMID: 32574875 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Metal pollution of fluvial systems remains a major problem and biomonitoring can be a useful tool for assessing the metal contamination. To assess their potential as new bioindicators of copper stress, we treated a field-collected live periphytic diatom community (dominated by Amphora, Navicula, and Nitzschia) with dissolved Cu under optimal growth conditions. We studied the effects of Cu on five live-cell attributes: motility, protoplasmic content, lipid body number and biovolume, and frustule morphology. In all three genera, motility and protoplasmic content decreased, whereas the LB number, biovolume and deformity increased when Cu and exposure time increased. The sensitivity to Cu was highest for % MF, % CPC and % BCLB in Navicula and the LB number and deformity in Nitzschia. Amphora appeared to be more tolerant to Cu in comparison with other genera. The five cell attributes were inter-related. A heatmap showed that a recommended indicator for rapid screening of Cu toxicity was % BCLB for Amphora and % MF for Navicula and Nitzschia. % MF might be the most common representative indicator that can be applied to all three genera to evaluate the lethal effects of Cu stress if only one of the five cell attributes must be selected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihae Park
- Lab of Plant Growth Analysis, Ghent University Global Campus, 119-5, Songdomunwha-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21985, South Korea
| | - Hojun Lee
- Lab of Plant Growth Analysis, Ghent University Global Campus, 119-5, Songdomunwha-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21985, South Korea; Department of Marine Science, Incheon National University, 119, Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, South Korea
| | - Stephen Depuydt
- Lab of Plant Growth Analysis, Ghent University Global Campus, 119-5, Songdomunwha-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21985, South Korea
| | - Taejun Han
- Lab of Plant Growth Analysis, Ghent University Global Campus, 119-5, Songdomunwha-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21985, South Korea; Department of Marine Science, Incheon National University, 119, Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, South Korea
| | - Lalit K Pandey
- Department of Marine Science, Incheon National University, 119, Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, South Korea; Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, MJP Rohilkhand University, Bareilly, 243006, India.
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27
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High silicate concentration facilitates fucoxanthin and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) production under heterotrophic condition in the marine diatom Nitzschia laevis. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.102086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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28
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Girolomoni L, Bellamoli F, de la Cruz Valbuena G, Perozeni F, D'Andrea C, Cerullo G, Cazzaniga S, Ballottari M. Evolutionary divergence of photoprotection in the green algal lineage: a plant-like violaxanthin de-epoxidase enzyme activates the xanthophyll cycle in the green alga Chlorella vulgaris modulating photoprotection. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 228:136-150. [PMID: 32442330 PMCID: PMC7539987 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The xanthophyll cycle is the metabolic process by which the carotenoid violaxanthin is de-epoxidated to zeaxanthin, a xanthophyll with a crucial photoprotective role in higher plants and mosses. The role of zeaxanthin is still unclear in green algae, and a peculiar violaxanthin de-epoxidating enzyme was found in the model organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Here, we investigated the molecular details and functions of the xanthophyll cycle in the case of Chlorella vulgaris, one of the green algae most considered for industrial cultivation, where resistance to high light stress is a prerequisite for sustainable biomass production. Identification of the violaxanthin de-epoxidase enzyme in C. vulgaris was performed by genome mining and in vitro analysis of the catalytic activity of the gene product identified. The photoprotective role of zeaxanthin was then investigated in vivo and in isolated pigment-binding complexes. The results obtained demonstrate the functioning, even though with a different pH sensitivity, of a plant-like violaxanthin de-epoxidase enzyme in C. vulgaris. Differently from C. reinhardtii, zeaxanthin accumulation in C. vulgaris was found to be crucial for photoprotective quenching of excitation energy harvested by both photosystem I and II. These findings demonstrate an evolutionary divergence of photoprotective mechanisms among Chlorophyta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Girolomoni
- Department of BiotechnologyUniversity of VeronaStrada le Grazie 15Verona37134Italy
| | - Francesco Bellamoli
- Department of BiotechnologyUniversity of VeronaStrada le Grazie 15Verona37134Italy
| | | | - Federico Perozeni
- Department of BiotechnologyUniversity of VeronaStrada le Grazie 15Verona37134Italy
| | - Cosimo D'Andrea
- IFN‐CNRDepartment of PhysicsPolitecnico di MilanoPiazza Leonardo da Vinci 32Milan20133Italy
- Center for NanoScience and Technology @PoliMiIstituto Italiano di Tecnologiavia Pascoli 70/3Milan20133Italy
| | - Giulio Cerullo
- IFN‐CNRDepartment of PhysicsPolitecnico di MilanoPiazza Leonardo da Vinci 32Milan20133Italy
| | - Stefano Cazzaniga
- Department of BiotechnologyUniversity of VeronaStrada le Grazie 15Verona37134Italy
| | - Matteo Ballottari
- Department of BiotechnologyUniversity of VeronaStrada le Grazie 15Verona37134Italy
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Milito A, Orefice I, Smerilli A, Castellano I, Napolitano A, Brunet C, Palumbo A. Insights into the Light Response of Skeletonema marinoi: Involvement of Ovothiol. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18090477. [PMID: 32962291 PMCID: PMC7551349 DOI: 10.3390/md18090477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Diatoms are one of the most widespread groups of microalgae on Earth. They possess extraordinary metabolic capabilities, including a great ability to adapt to different light conditions. Recently, we have discovered that the diatom Skeletonema marinoi produces the natural antioxidant ovothiol B, until then identified only in clams. In this study, we investigated the light-dependent modulation of ovothiol biosynthesis in S. marinoi. Diatoms were exposed to different light conditions, ranging from prolonged darkness to low or high light, also differing in the velocity of intensity increase (sinusoidal versus square-wave distribution). The expression of the gene encoding the key ovothiol biosynthetic enzyme, ovoA, was upregulated by high sinusoidal light mimicking natural conditions. Under this situation higher levels of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide as well as ovothiol and glutathione increase were detected. No ovoA modulation was observed under prolonged darkness nor low sinusoidal light. Unnatural conditions such as continuous square-wave light induced a very high oxidative stress leading to a drop in cell growth, without enhancing ovoA gene expression. Only one of the inducible forms of nitric oxide synthase, nos2, was upregulated by light with consequent production of NO under sinusoidal light and darkness conditions. Our data suggest that ovothiol biosynthesis is triggered by a combined light stress caused by natural distribution and increased photon flux density, with no influence from the daily light dose. These results open new perspectives for the biotechnological production of ovothiols, which are receiving a great interest for their biological activities in human model systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonsina Milito
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy;
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics, Cerdanyola, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: or (A.M.); (A.P.); Tel.: +39-081-5833 (ext. 293/276) (A.M.)
| | - Ida Orefice
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy; (I.O.); (A.S.); (C.B.)
| | - Arianna Smerilli
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy; (I.O.); (A.S.); (C.B.)
| | - Immacolata Castellano
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Alessandra Napolitano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80126 Naples, Italy;
| | - Christophe Brunet
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy; (I.O.); (A.S.); (C.B.)
| | - Anna Palumbo
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy;
- Correspondence: or (A.M.); (A.P.); Tel.: +39-081-5833 (ext. 293/276) (A.M.)
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Rosales-Mendoza S, García-Silva I, González-Ortega O, Sandoval-Vargas JM, Malla A, Vimolmangkang S. The Potential of Algal Biotechnology to Produce Antiviral Compounds and Biopharmaceuticals. Molecules 2020; 25:E4049. [PMID: 32899754 PMCID: PMC7571207 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has led to an unprecedented pandemic, which demands urgent development of antiviral drugs and antibodies; as well as prophylactic approaches, namely vaccines. Algae biotechnology has much to offer in this scenario given the diversity of such organisms, which are a valuable source of antiviral and anti-inflammatory compounds that can also be used to produce vaccines and antibodies. Antivirals with possible activity against SARS-CoV-2 are summarized, based on previously reported activity against Coronaviruses or other enveloped or respiratory viruses. Moreover, the potential of algae-derived anti-inflammatory compounds to treat severe cases of COVID-19 is contemplated. The scenario of producing biopharmaceuticals in recombinant algae is presented and the cases of algae-made vaccines targeting viral diseases is highlighted as valuable references for the development of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Successful cases in the production of functional antibodies are described. Perspectives on how specific algae species and genetic engineering techniques can be applied for the production of anti-viral compounds antibodies and vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Rosales-Mendoza
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacéuticos Recombinantes, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico; (I.G.-S.); (O.G.-O.); (J.M.S.-V.)
- Sección de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, Lomas 2. Sección, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico
| | - Ileana García-Silva
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacéuticos Recombinantes, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico; (I.G.-S.); (O.G.-O.); (J.M.S.-V.)
- Sección de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, Lomas 2. Sección, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico
| | - Omar González-Ortega
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacéuticos Recombinantes, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico; (I.G.-S.); (O.G.-O.); (J.M.S.-V.)
| | - José M. Sandoval-Vargas
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacéuticos Recombinantes, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico; (I.G.-S.); (O.G.-O.); (J.M.S.-V.)
- Sección de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, Lomas 2. Sección, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico
| | - Ashwini Malla
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Research Unit for Plant-Produced Pharmaceuticals, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Sornkanok Vimolmangkang
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Research Unit for Plant-Produced Pharmaceuticals, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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31
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Manfellotto F, Stella GR, Falciatore A, Brunet C, Ferrante MI. Engineering the Unicellular Alga Phaeodactylum tricornutum for Enhancing Carotenoid Production. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E757. [PMID: 32824292 PMCID: PMC7465010 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9080757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Microalgae represent a promising resource for the production of beneficial natural compounds due to their richness in secondary metabolites and easy cultivation. Carotenoids feature among distinctive compounds of many microalgae, including diatoms, which owe their golden color to the xanthophyll fucoxanthin. Carotenoids have antioxidant, anti-obesity and anti-inflammatory properties, and there is a considerable market demand for these compounds. Here, with the aim to increase the carotenoid content in the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum, we exploited genetic transformation to overexpress genes involved in the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway. We produced transgenic lines over-expressing simultaneously one, two or three carotenoid biosynthetic genes, and evaluated changes in pigment content with high-performance liquid chromatography. Two triple transformants over-expressing the genes Violaxanthin de-epoxidase (Vde), Vde-related (Vdr) and Zeaxanthin epoxidase 3 (Zep3) showed an accumulation of carotenoids, with an increase in the fucoxanthin content up to four fold. Vde, Vdr and Zep3 mRNA and protein levels in the triple transformants were coherently increased. The exact role of these enzymes in the diatom carotenoid biosynthetic pathway is not completely elucidated nevertheless our strategy successfully modulated the carotenoid metabolism leading to an accumulation of valuable compounds, leading the way toward improved utilization of microalgae in the field of antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giulio Rocco Stella
- Laboratory of Computational and Quantitative Biology, UMR 7238, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, F-75005 Paris, France; (G.R.S.); (A.F.)
- Boston Consulting Group, Via Ugo Foscolo 1, 20121 Milano, Italy
| | - Angela Falciatore
- Laboratory of Computational and Quantitative Biology, UMR 7238, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, F-75005 Paris, France; (G.R.S.); (A.F.)
- Laboratory of Chloroplast Biology and Light Sensing in Microalgae, UMR 7141, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Christophe Brunet
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy;
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Yang R, Wei D, Xie J. Diatoms as cell factories for high-value products: chrysolaminarin, eicosapentaenoic acid, and fucoxanthin. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2020; 40:993-1009. [DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2020.1805402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Runqing Yang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dong Wei
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Xie
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resource Application and Cultivation, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Yang R, Wei D. Improving Fucoxanthin Production in Mixotrophic Culture of Marine Diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum by LED Light Shift and Nitrogen Supplementation. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:820. [PMID: 32760713 PMCID: PMC7373720 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fucoxanthin (Fx), a kind of primary carotenoids in brown seaweeds and diatoms, has attractive efficacy in human's healthcare including loss weight, the prevention of diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. Marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum is now realized as a promising producer for commercial Fx production due to its higher content of Fx than brown seaweeds with easily artificial cultivation and Fx extraction. In the present study, to improve Fx production in P. tricornutum, the mixotrophic cultures were applied to optimize initial cell density, light intensity, light regime and nitrogen supplementation. The results showed that the higher initial cell density (1 × 107 cells mL-1) and lower light intensity (20 μmol m-2 s-1) were favorable for biomass production and Fx accumulation. The maximal Fx content [16.28 mg g-1 dry weight (DW)] could be achieved under blue light (BL), but the highest biomass concentration (5.53 g L-1) could be attained under red: blue light (R: B, 6:1) in the batch culture. A novel two-phase culture approach was developed to increase the biomass concentration to the highest value (6.52 g L-1) with the maximal productivity of Fx (8.22 mg L-1 d-1) through light shift from R:B ratio (6:1) in phase 1 to R:B ratio (5:1) by enhancing BL and tryptone addition in phase 2. The content and intracellular amount of Fx were also increased 8% and 12% in phase 2 compared to phase 1. The expression levels analysis revealed that genes encoding phytoene synthase (PSY), zeaxanthin epoxidase (ZEP), and fucoxanthin-chlorophyll-protein b (FCPb) were upregulated significantly, with downregulation of the gene encoding violaxanthin de-epoxidase (VDE), leading to the improvement of Fx in phase 2. The present study demonstrated the two-phase culture strategy could promote Fx productivity through enhancing biomass production and increasing Fx content, indicating that strengthening BL coupled with adding tryptone were effective to facilitate Fx production by mixotrophic cultivation of marine diatom P. tricornutum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runqing Yang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong Wei
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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Aslanbay Guler B, Deniz I, Demirel Z, Imamoglu E. Evaluation of scale‐up methodologies and computational fluid dynamics simulation for fucoxanthin production in airlift photobioareactor. ASIA-PAC J CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/apj.2532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bahar Aslanbay Guler
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering University of Ege Bornova, Izmir Turkey
| | - Irem Deniz
- Department of Bioengineering Manisa Celal Bayar University Muradiye, Manisa Turkey
| | - Zeliha Demirel
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering University of Ege Bornova, Izmir Turkey
| | - Esra Imamoglu
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering University of Ege Bornova, Izmir Turkey
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Zhang S, Han B, Wu F, Huang H. Quantitative proteomic analysis provides insights into the algicidal mechanism of Halobacillus sp. P1 against the marine diatom Skeletonema costatum. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 717:137048. [PMID: 32070889 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Algicidal behavior is a common interaction between marine microalgae and bacteria, especially in the dissipation phase of algal blooms. The marine bacterium Halobacillus sp. P1 was previously isolated and exhibits high algicidal activity against the diatom Skeletonema costatum. However, little is known about the mechanism underlying this algicidal process. Here, a tandem mass tag (TMT)-based proteomic approach was coupled with physiological analysis to investigate the cellular responses of S. costatum when treated with P1 culture supernatant. Among the 4582 proteins identified, 82 and 437 proteins were differentially expressed after treatment for 12 and 24 h, respectively. The proteomic results were in accordance with the results of verification by parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) assays. Proteins involved in reactive oxygen species scavenging, protein degradation and transport were upregulated, while proteins participating in nitrogen metabolism, protein translation, photosynthetic pigment biosynthesis and cell cycle regulation were significantly downregulated (p-value ≤0.05), corresponding to the increasing malondialdehyde content and the decreasing nitrogen, protein and chlorophyll a contents. A nutrient competitive relationship might exist between the bacterium P1 and S. costatum, and the inhibition of nitrogen metabolism by the P1 culture supernatant might be the key lethal factor that results in the dysfunction of S. costatum metabolism. Our study sheds light on the algicidal mechanism of P1 at the molecular level and provides new insights into algae-bacteria interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Beibei Han
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Fengxia Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Honghui Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China.
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Kuczynska P, Jemiola-Rzeminska M, Nowicka B, Jakubowska A, Strzalka W, Burda K, Strzalka K. The xanthophyll cycle in diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum in response to light stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 152:125-137. [PMID: 32416342 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Chosen aspects of the functioning of diadinoxanthin cycle in a model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum grown under low light conditions (LL) and under high light conditions (HL), which cause activation of violaxanthin cycle, were examined. Heterogeneity of the kinetics of diadinoxanthin ↔ diatoxanthin conversions regulated by de-epoxidase/epoxidase enzymes was detected. Three different rates of diadinoxanthin de-epoxidation (τ > 20 min, 5 min > τ > 1.5 min and τ ≤ 1 min) were observed. Appearance and contribution of these phases depended on the light conditions and xanthophylls subpopulations in membranes. Moreover, diadinoxanthin de-epoxidation was postulated to occur in darkness and its rate was estimated to be almost two times faster (τ ≈ 14 min) than diatoxanthin-epoxidation in LL- and HL-grown diatoms collected after the dark phase of the photoperiod and exposed to very high light and subsequent darkness. The level of lipid hydroperoxides and the expression of genes encoding xanthophyll cycle enzymes was measured. Our observations suggest that isoforms of these enzymes may participate in carotenoid synthesis or be exclusively involved in xanthophyll conversions. Violaxanthin cycle pigments present in HL-acclimated diatoms change thermodynamic properties of thylakoid membranes. Zeaxanthin is known to localize preferentially in the inner part of the lipid bilayer and diatoxanthin in its outer part. The different localization of these pigments probably decide about their complementary action in protection of the membranes against reactive oxygen species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Kuczynska
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Jemiola-Rzeminska
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Krakow, Poland; Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7A, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Beatrycze Nowicka
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Agata Jakubowska
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Wojciech Strzalka
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Kvetoslava Burda
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, University of Science and Technology, Reymonta 19, 30-059, Krakow, Poland
| | - Kazimierz Strzalka
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Krakow, Poland; Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7A, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
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Knopp M, Garg SG, Handrich M, Gould SB. Major Changes in Plastid Protein Import and the Origin of the Chloroplastida. iScience 2020; 23:100896. [PMID: 32088393 PMCID: PMC7038456 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.100896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Core components of plastid protein import and the principle of using N-terminal targeting sequences are conserved across the Archaeplastida, but lineage-specific differences exist. Here we compare, in light of plastid protein import, the response to high-light stress from representatives of the three archaeplastidal groups. Similar to land plants, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii displays a broad response to high-light stress, not observed to the same degree in the glaucophyte Cyanophora paradoxa or the rhodophyte Porphyridium purpureum. We find that only the Chloroplastida encode both Toc75 and Oep80 in parallel and suggest that elaborate high-light stress response is supported by changes in plastid protein import. We propose the origin of a phenylalanine-independent import pathway via Toc75 allowed higher import rates to rapidly service high-light stress, but with the cost of reduced specificity. Changes in plastid protein import define the origin of the green lineage, whose greatest evolutionary success was arguably the colonization of land. Chloroplastida evolved a dual system, Toc75/Oep80, for high throughput protein import Loss of F-based targeting led to dual organelle targeting using a single ambiguous NTS Relaxation of functional constraints allowed a wider Toc/Tic modification A broad response to high-light stress appears unique to Chloroplastida
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Knopp
- Institute for Molecular Evolution, HH-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sriram G Garg
- Institute for Molecular Evolution, HH-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Maria Handrich
- Institute for Molecular Evolution, HH-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sven B Gould
- Institute for Molecular Evolution, HH-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Ait-Mohamed O, Novák Vanclová AMG, Joli N, Liang Y, Zhao X, Genovesio A, Tirichine L, Bowler C, Dorrell RG. PhaeoNet: A Holistic RNAseq-Based Portrait of Transcriptional Coordination in the Model Diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:590949. [PMID: 33178253 PMCID: PMC7596299 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.590949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Transcriptional coordination is a fundamental component of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell biology, underpinning the cell cycle, physiological transitions, and facilitating holistic responses to environmental stress, but its overall dynamics in eukaryotic algae remain poorly understood. Better understanding of transcriptional partitioning may provide key insights into the primary metabolism pathways of eukaryotic algae, which frequently depend on intricate metabolic associations between the chloroplasts and mitochondria that are not found in plants. Here, we exploit 187 publically available RNAseq datasets generated under varying nitrogen, iron and phosphate growth conditions to understand the co-regulatory principles underpinning transcription in the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Using WGCNA (Weighted Gene Correlation Network Analysis), we identify 28 merged modules of co-expressed genes in the P. tricornutum genome, which show high connectivity and correlate well with previous microarray-based surveys of gene co-regulation in this species. We use combined functional, subcellular localization and evolutionary annotations to reveal the fundamental principles underpinning the transcriptional co-regulation of genes implicated in P. tricornutum chloroplast and mitochondrial metabolism, as well as the functions of diverse transcription factors underpinning this co-regulation. The resource is publically available as PhaeoNet, an advanced tool to understand diatom gene co-regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ouardia Ait-Mohamed
- Institut de Biologie de l’Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France
| | - Anna M. G. Novák Vanclová
- Institut de Biologie de l’Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Joli
- Institut de Biologie de l’Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France
| | - Yue Liang
- Department of Oceanography, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Xue Zhao
- Institut de Biologie de l’Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, UFIP, UMR 6286, Nantes, France
| | - Auguste Genovesio
- Institut de Biologie de l’Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France
| | - Leila Tirichine
- Institut de Biologie de l’Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, UFIP, UMR 6286, Nantes, France
- *Correspondence: Leila Tirichine,
| | - Chris Bowler
- Institut de Biologie de l’Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France
- Chris Bowler,
| | - Richard G. Dorrell
- Institut de Biologie de l’Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France
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Telussa I, Rusnadi, Zeily Nurachman. Dynamics of β-carotene and fucoxanthin of tropical marine Navicula sp. as a response to light stress conditions. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Shikata T, Takahashi F, Nishide H, Shigenobu S, Kamei Y, Sakamoto S, Yuasa K, Nishiyama Y, Yamasaki Y, Uchiyama I. RNA-Seq Analysis Reveals Genes Related to Photoreception, Nutrient Uptake, and Toxicity in a Noxious Red-Tide Raphidophyte Chattonella antiqua. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1764. [PMID: 31417538 PMCID: PMC6685483 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaculture industries are under threat from noxious red tides, but harm can be mitigated by precautions such as early harvesting and restricting fish feeding to just before the outbreak of a red tide. Therefore, accurate techniques for forecasting red-tide outbreaks are strongly needed. Omics analyses have the potential to expand our understanding of the eco-physiology of these organisms at the molecular level, and to facilitate identification of molecular markers for forecasting their population dynamics and occurrence of damages to fisheries. Red tides of marine raphidophytes, especially Chattonella species, often extensively harm aquaculture industries in regions with a temperate climate around the world. A red tide of Chattonella tends to develop just after an input of nutrients along the coast. Chattonella displays diurnal vertical migration regulated by a weak blue light, so it photosynthesizes in the surface layer during the daytime and takes up nutrients in the bottom layer during the nighttime. Superoxide produced by Chattonella cells is a strong candidate for the cause of its toxicity to bacteria and fishes. Here we conducted mRNA-seq of Chattonella antiqua to identify genes with functions closely related to the dynamics of the noxious red tide, such as photosynthesis, photoreception, nutrient uptake, and superoxide production. The genes related to photosynthetic pigment biosynthesis and nutrient uptake had high similarity with those of model organisms of plants and algae and other red-tide microalgae. We identified orthologous genes of photoreceptors such as aureochrome (newly five genes), the cryptochrome/photolyase (CRY/PHR) family (6-4PHR, plant CRY or cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer [CPD] Class III, CPD Class II, and CRY-DASH), and phytochrome (four genes), which regulate various physiological processes such as flagellar motion and cell cycle in model organisms. Six orthologous genes of NADPH oxidase, which produces superoxide on the cell membrane, were found and divided into two types: one with 5–6 transmembrane domains and another with 11 transmembrane domains. The present study should open the way for analyzing the eco-physiological features of marine raphidophytes at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Shikata
- National Research Institute of Fisheries and Environment of Inland Sea, Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Hatsukaiti, Japan
| | - Fumio Takahashi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Japan.,Japan Science and Technology Agency, Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology, Kawaguchi, Japan
| | - Hiroyo Nishide
- Laboratory of Genome Informatics, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Shuji Shigenobu
- Core Research Facilities, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kamei
- Core Research Facilities, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Setsuko Sakamoto
- National Research Institute of Fisheries and Environment of Inland Sea, Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Hatsukaiti, Japan
| | - Kouki Yuasa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Sakura-ku, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Nishiyama
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Sakura-ku, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yamasaki
- Laboratory of Environmental Biology, Department of Applied Aquabiology, National Fisheries University, Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Ikuo Uchiyama
- Laboratory of Genome Informatics, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
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Cloning, identification and functional characterization of two cytochrome P450 carotenoids hydroxylases from the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. J Biosci Bioeng 2019; 128:755-765. [PMID: 31277909 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2019.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The diatom microalgal Phaeodactylum tricornutum accumulates a large amount of fucoxanthin. Carotenoids hydroxylases (CHYs) play key roles in fucoxanthin biosynthesis in diatoms. However, not any type of CHYs had been identified in P. tricornutum. In this study, two genes (designated Ptrcyp97b1 and Ptrcyp97b2) were cloned, identified and functionally characterized. They shared high sequence identity (50-94 %) with lutein deficient 1-like proteins from other eukaryotes. The typical catalytic active motifs of cytochrome P450s (CYP) were detected in the amino acid sequences of PtrCYP97B1 and PtrCYP97B2. The two genes were probably due to gene duplication. Ptrcyp97b1 and Ptrcyp97b2 transcriptional expression was up-regulated with distinct patterns under high light conditions. The metabolic profiles of the major carotenoids (β-carotene, zeaxanthin, diadinoxanthin, diatoxanthin and fucoxanthin) were determined based on the high performance liquid chromatography method. The fucoxanthin and diatoxanthin contents were increased, while the β-carotene content was decreased. By truncation of the N-terminal trans-membrane anchor or chloroplast transit peptide and addition of a 6 × His-tag, PtrCYP97B1 and PtrCYP97B2 were separately heterologously produced in Escherichia coli and purified by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. Functional analysis showed that PrtCYP97B2 was able to catalyze the hydroxylation of the β-rings of β-carotene to produce zeaxanthin in β-carotene-accumulating E. coli BL21(DE3) cells. PtrCYP97B1 might have the ability to catalyze the hydroxylation of other substrates other than β-carotene. These results contribute to the further elucidation of xanthophyll biosynthesis in diatoms.
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Kennedy F, Martin A, Bowman JP, Wilson R, McMinn A. Dark metabolism: a molecular insight into how the Antarctic sea-ice diatom Fragilariopsis cylindrus survives long-term darkness. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 223:675-691. [PMID: 30985935 PMCID: PMC6617727 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Light underneath Antarctic sea-ice is below detectable limits for up to 4 months of the year. The ability of Antarctic sea-ice diatoms to survive this prolonged darkness relies on their metabolic capability. This study is the first to examine the proteome of a prominent sea-ice diatom in response to extended darkness, focusing on the protein-level mechanisms of dark survival. The Antarctic diatom Fragilariopsis cylindrus was grown under continuous light or darkness for 120 d. The whole cell proteome was quantitatively analysed by nano-LC-MS/MS to investigate metabolic changes that occur during sustained darkness and during recovery under illumination. Enzymes of metabolic pathways, particularly those involved in respiratory processes, tricarboxylic acid cycle, glycolysis, the Entner-Doudoroff pathway, the urea cycle and the mitochondrial electron transport chain became more abundant in the dark. Within the plastid, carbon fixation halted while the upper sections of the glycolysis, gluconeogenesis and pentose phosphate pathways became less active. We have discovered how F. cylindrus utilises an ancient alternative metabolic mechanism that enables its capacity for long-term dark survival. By sustaining essential metabolic processes in the dark, F. cylindrus retains the functionality of the photosynthetic apparatus, ensuring rapid recovery upon re-illumination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fraser Kennedy
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic StudiesUniversity of TasmaniaHobart7000TasmaniaAustralia
| | - Andrew Martin
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic StudiesUniversity of TasmaniaHobart7000TasmaniaAustralia
| | - John P. Bowman
- Centre for Food Safety and InnovationTasmanian Institute of AgricultureHobart7000TasmaniaAustralia
| | - Richard Wilson
- Central Science LaboratoryUniversity of TasmaniaHobart7000TasmaniaAustralia
| | - Andrew McMinn
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic StudiesUniversity of TasmaniaHobart7000TasmaniaAustralia
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Balduyck L, Dejonghe C, Goos P, Jooken E, Muylaert K, Foubert I. Inhibition of lipolytic reactions during wet storage of T-Isochrysis lutea biomass by heat treatment. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2018.101388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Esteves SM, Almeida SFP, Gonçalves S, Rimet F, Bouchez A, Figueira E. Sensitive vs. tolerant Nitzschia palea (Kützing) W. Smith strains to atrazine: a biochemical perspective. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2018; 27:860-870. [PMID: 29909543 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-018-1953-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Organic contaminants, and herbicides in particular, represent a risk for aquatic ecosystems. The primary target of herbicides are producers, the base of food webs, but frequently they end up far from the application point affecting non-target species. Its presence can work as sub-lethal stimulus, which sort the genetic and phenotypic differences within a species. Intraspecific variation allows adaptation to changes in the environment but also to new niches due to variations in species' sensitivity and biochemical response to a certain chemical. A better understanding of these variations can lead to the development of improved strategies for ecosystem protection. This research aimed to compare a sensitive and a tolerant strain of the freshwater diatom Nitzschia palea to atrazine. Strains were exposed to three concentrations within their tolerance range, during 96 h. The activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione-S-transferases and glutathione peroxidases was determined. In addition, chlorophylls a and c, carotenoids, reduced glutathione, proteins and lipid peroxidation were quantified. Both strains displayed different strategies to deal with atrazine toxicity: while the sensitive strain decreased the oxidative stress, increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, the tolerant strain invested in conjugation pathways and carotenoids' maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Esteves
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
- CESAM, Centre for Environment and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - S F P Almeida
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
- GeoBioTec - GeoBioSciences, GeoTechnologies and GeoEngineering Research Centre, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - S Gonçalves
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - F Rimet
- UMR CARRTEL, INRA, USMB, 74203, Thonon, France
| | - A Bouchez
- UMR CARRTEL, INRA, USMB, 74203, Thonon, France
| | - E Figueira
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
- CESAM, Centre for Environment and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
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Park H, Kwak M, Seo J, Ju J, Heo S, Park S, Hong W. Enhanced production of carotenoids using a Thraustochytrid microalgal strain containing high levels of docosahexaenoic acid-rich oil. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2018; 41:1355-1370. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-018-1963-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Pandey LK, Sharma YC, Park J, Choi S, Lee H, Lyu J, Han T. Evaluating features of periphytic diatom communities as biomonitoring tools in fresh, brackish and marine waters. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 194:67-77. [PMID: 29156433 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to assess the biodiversity of periphytic diatom assemblages in fresh, brackish and marine waterbodies of Korea, and to assess the effect of environmental and anthropogenic factors on parameters such as the quantity and biovolume of lipid bodies and deformations of diatoms as early warning measures of anthropogenic impact. Diatom samples were collected from 31 sites (14 freshwater, 10 brackish and 7 marine), which included less impacted (upstream) and impacted (downstream) sites in each water type. Our results showed higher abundance and biodiversity of periphytic diatoms at the less impacted sites in terms of species richness, Shannon index, cell count and biovolume of the communities than at the impacted sites for freshwater and estuarine sites, but not for marine sites. 84 diatom species were noted in freshwater, 80 in brackish water and 40 in marine waters. In comparison to diatoms of the impacted sites, those of less impacted freshwater, brackish and marine sites had less lipid bodies (also less biovolume) and a lower percentage of teratological frustules, and showed more mobile forms in the community. Principal component analysis (PCA) also showed clear segregation of impacted from less impacted sites by the extent of the presence of lipid bodies (higher both in number and biovolume) and deformities in diatom frustules. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that lipid body induction and deformities were positively correlated with metals (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb and Zn) and nutrients (total phosphorus and total nitrogen), whereas they showed negative correlation with salinity, dissolved oxygen, suspended solutes and pH. Life-forms, lipid bodies and deformities in diatoms may be an effective biomonitoring tool for assessing biological effects of pollutants in non-marine aquatic ecosystems in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalit K Pandey
- Institute of Green Environmental Research Center, 169, Gaetbeol-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea; Department of Marine Sciences, Incheon National University, 119, Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Yogesh Chandra Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Jihae Park
- Lab of Plant Growth Analysis, Ghent University Global Campus, 119, Songdomunhwa-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21985, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Choi
- Department of Marine Sciences, Incheon National University, 119, Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojun Lee
- Department of Marine Sciences, Incheon National University, 119, Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Jie Lyu
- Division of Life Sciences, Incheon National University, 119, Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Taejun Han
- Department of Marine Sciences, Incheon National University, 119, Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea; Ghent University Global Campus, 119, Songdomunwha-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21985, Republic of Korea.
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Heydarizadeh P, Boureba W, Zahedi M, Huang B, Moreau B, Lukomska E, Couzinet-Mossion A, Wielgosz-Collin G, Martin-Jézéquel V, Bougaran G, Marchand J, Schoefs B. Response of CO 2-starved diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum to light intensity transition. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2017; 372:20160396. [PMID: 28717022 PMCID: PMC5516105 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2016.0396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the responses of Phaeodactylum tricornutum cells acclimated to 300 µmol m-2 s-1 photon flux density to an increase (1000 µmol m-2 s-1) or decrease (30 µmol m-2 s-1) in photon flux densities. The light shift occurred abruptly after 5 days of growth and the acclimation to new conditions was followed during the next 6 days at the physiological and molecular levels. The molecular data reflect a rearrangement of carbon metabolism towards the production of phosphoenolpyruvic acid (PEP) and/or pyruvate. These intermediates were used differently by the cell as a function of the photon flux density: under low light, photosynthesis was depressed while respiration was increased. Under high light, lipids and proteins accumulated. Of great interest, under high light, the genes coding for the synthesis of aromatic amino acids and phenolic compounds were upregulated suggesting that the shikimate pathway was activated.This article is part of the themed issue 'The peculiar carbon metabolism in diatoms'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Heydarizadeh
- Metabolism, Bioengineering of Microalga Molecules and Applications (MIMMA), Mer Molécules Santé, UBL, IUML-FR 3473 CNRS, University of Le Mans, 72085 Le Mans, France
| | - Wafâa Boureba
- Metabolism, Bioengineering of Microalga Molecules and Applications (MIMMA), Mer Molécules Santé, UBL, IUML-FR 3473 CNRS, University of Le Mans, 72085 Le Mans, France
| | - Morteza Zahedi
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Bing Huang
- Metabolism, Bioengineering of Microalga Molecules and Applications (MIMMA), Mer Molécules Santé, UBL, IUML-FR 3473 CNRS, University of Le Mans, 72085 Le Mans, France
| | - Brigitte Moreau
- Metabolism, Bioengineering of Microalga Molecules and Applications (MIMMA), Mer Molécules Santé, UBL, IUML-FR 3473 CNRS, University of Le Mans, 72085 Le Mans, France
| | - Ewa Lukomska
- IFREMER, Physiology and Biotechnology of Algae Laboratory, rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311 Nantes, France
| | - Aurélie Couzinet-Mossion
- Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université de Nantes, Groupe Mer, Molécules, Santé-EA 2160, Institut Universitaire Mer et Littoral FR3473 CNRS, 9 rue Bias, BP 61112, 44035 Nantes Cedex 1, France
| | - Gaëtane Wielgosz-Collin
- Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université de Nantes, Groupe Mer, Molécules, Santé-EA 2160, Institut Universitaire Mer et Littoral FR3473 CNRS, 9 rue Bias, BP 61112, 44035 Nantes Cedex 1, France
| | | | - Gaël Bougaran
- IFREMER, Physiology and Biotechnology of Algae Laboratory, rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311 Nantes, France
| | - Justine Marchand
- Metabolism, Bioengineering of Microalga Molecules and Applications (MIMMA), Mer Molécules Santé, UBL, IUML-FR 3473 CNRS, University of Le Mans, 72085 Le Mans, France
| | - Benoît Schoefs
- Metabolism, Bioengineering of Microalga Molecules and Applications (MIMMA), Mer Molécules Santé, UBL, IUML-FR 3473 CNRS, University of Le Mans, 72085 Le Mans, France
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Huang JJ, Lin S, Xu W, Cheung PCK. Occurrence and biosynthesis of carotenoids in phytoplankton. Biotechnol Adv 2017; 35:597-618. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Liang MH, Zhu J, Jiang JG. Carotenoids biosynthesis and cleavage related genes from bacteria to plants. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 58:2314-2333. [PMID: 28609133 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2017.1322552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Carotenoids are essential for photosynthesis and photoprotection in photosynthetic organisms and beneficial for human health. Apocarotenoids derived from carotenoid degradation can serve critical functions including hormones, volatiles, and signals. They have been used commercially as food colorants, animal feed supplements, and nutraceuticals for cosmetic and pharmaceutical purposes. This review focuses on the molecular evolution of carotenogenic enzymes and carotenoid cleavage oxygenases (CCOs) from bacteria, fungi, cyanobacteria, algae, and plants. The diversity of carotenoids and apocarotenoids as well as their complicated biosynthetic pathway in different species can shed light on the history of early molecular evolution. Some carotenogenic genes (such as phytoene synthases) have high protein sequence similarity from bacteria to land plants, but some (such as phytoene desaturases, lycopene cyclases, carotenoid hydroxylases, and CCOs) have low similarity. The broad diversity of apocarotenoid volatile compounds can be attributed to large numbers of carotenoid precursors and the various cleavage sites catalyzed by CCOs enzymes. A variety of carotenogenic enzymes and CCOs indicate the functional diversification of carotenoids and apocrotenoids in different species. New carotenoids, new apocarotenoids, new carotenogenic enzymes, new CCOs, and new pathways still need to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hua Liang
- a College of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , China.,b Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland , USA
| | - Jianhua Zhu
- b Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland , USA.,c College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha , China.,d School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology , Zhenjiang , China
| | - Jian-Guo Jiang
- a College of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , China
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Dorrell RG, Gile G, McCallum G, Méheust R, Bapteste EP, Klinger CM, Brillet-Guéguen L, Freeman KD, Richter DJ, Bowler C. Chimeric origins of ochrophytes and haptophytes revealed through an ancient plastid proteome. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28498102 PMCID: PMC5462543 DOI: 10.7554/elife.23717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Plastids are supported by a wide range of proteins encoded within the nucleus and imported from the cytoplasm. These plastid-targeted proteins may originate from the endosymbiont, the host, or other sources entirely. Here, we identify and characterise 770 plastid-targeted proteins that are conserved across the ochrophytes, a major group of algae including diatoms, pelagophytes and kelps, that possess plastids derived from red algae. We show that the ancestral ochrophyte plastid proteome was an evolutionary chimera, with 25% of its phylogenetically tractable nucleus-encoded proteins deriving from green algae. We additionally show that functional mixing of host and plastid proteomes, such as through dual-targeting, is an ancestral feature of plastid evolution. Finally, we detect a clear phylogenetic signal from one ochrophyte subgroup, the lineage containing pelagophytes and dictyochophytes, in plastid-targeted proteins from another major algal lineage, the haptophytes. This may represent a possible serial endosymbiosis event deep in eukaryotic evolutionary history. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.23717.001 The cells of most plants and algae contain compartments called chloroplasts that enable them to capture energy from sunlight in a process known as photosynthesis. Chloroplasts are the remnants of photosynthetic bacteria that used to live freely in the environment until they were consumed by a larger cell. “Complex” chloroplasts can form if a cell that already has a chloroplast is swallowed by another cell. The most abundant algae in the oceans are known as diatoms. These algae belong to a group called the stramenopiles, which also includes giant seaweeds such as kelp. The stramenopiles have a complex chloroplast that they acquired from a red alga (a relative of the seaweed used in sushi). However, some of the proteins in their chloroplasts are from other sources, such as the green algal relatives of plants, and it was not clear how these chloroplast proteins have contributed to the evolution of this group. Many of the proteins that chloroplasts need to work properly are produced by the host cell and are then transported into the chloroplasts. Dorrell et al. studied the genetic material of many stramenopile species and identified 770 chloroplast-targeted proteins that are predicted to underpin the origins of this group. Experiments in a diatom called Phaeodactylum confirmed these predictions and show that many of these chloroplast-targeted proteins have been recruited from green algae, bacteria, and other compartments within the host cell to support the chloroplast. Further experiments suggest that another major group of algae called the haptophytes once had a stramenopile chloroplast. The current haptophyte chloroplast does not come from the stramenopiles so the haptophytes appear to have replaced their chloroplasts at least once in their evolutionary history. The findings show that algal chloroplasts are mosaics, supported by proteins from many different species. This helps us understand why certain species succeed in the wild and how they may respond to environmental changes in the oceans. In the future, these findings may help researchers to engineer new species of algae and plants for food and fuel production. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.23717.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard G Dorrell
- IBENS, Département de Biologie, École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, Inserm, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Gillian Gile
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, United States
| | - Giselle McCallum
- IBENS, Département de Biologie, École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, Inserm, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Raphaël Méheust
- Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Eric P Bapteste
- Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Daniel J Richter
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, CNRS UMR 7144.,Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin, Équipe EPEP, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, France
| | - Chris Bowler
- IBENS, Département de Biologie, École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, Inserm, PSL Research University, Paris, France
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