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Zhang Z, Yu C, Wu Y, Wang Z, Xu H, Yan Y, Zhan Z, Yin S. Semiconducting polymer dots for multifunctional integrated nanomedicine carriers. Mater Today Bio 2024; 26:101028. [PMID: 38590985 PMCID: PMC11000120 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The expansion applications of semiconducting polymer dots (Pdots) among optical nanomaterial field have long posed a challenge for researchers, promoting their intelligent application in multifunctional nano-imaging systems and integrated nanomedicine carriers for diagnosis and treatment. Despite notable progress, several inadequacies still persist in the field of Pdots, including the development of simplified near-infrared (NIR) optical nanoprobes, elucidation of their inherent biological behavior, and integration of information processing and nanotechnology into biomedical applications. This review aims to comprehensively elucidate the current status of Pdots as a classical nanophotonic material by discussing its advantages and limitations in terms of biocompatibility, adaptability to microenvironments in vivo, etc. Multifunctional integration and surface chemistry play crucial roles in realizing the intelligent application of Pdots. Information visualization based on their optical and physicochemical properties is pivotal for achieving detection, sensing, and labeling probes. Therefore, we have refined the underlying mechanisms and constructed multiple comprehensive original mechanism summaries to establish a benchmark. Additionally, we have explored the cross-linking interactions between Pdots and nanomedicine, potential yet complete biological metabolic pathways, future research directions, and innovative solutions for integrating diagnosis and treatment strategies. This review presents the possible expectations and valuable insights for advancing Pdots, specifically from chemical, medical, and photophysical practitioners' standpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery II, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, PR China
| | - Chenhao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronic, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, No.2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, PR China
| | - Yuyang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronic, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, No.2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, PR China
| | - Zhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronic, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, No.2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, PR China
| | - Haotian Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, PR China
| | - Yining Yan
- Department of Radiology, The Third Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, PR China
| | - Zhixin Zhan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, PR China
| | - Shengyan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronic, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, No.2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, PR China
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Xin X, Jian J, Fan X, Qi B, Zhao Y, Lv W, Zhao Y, Zhao X, Hu C. Multiscale X-ray phase-contrast CT unveils the evolution of bile infarct in obstructive biliary disease. Commun Biol 2024; 7:490. [PMID: 38654111 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06185-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Bile infarct is a pivotal characteristic of obstructive biliary disease, but its evolution during the disease progression remains unclear. Our objective, therefore, is to explore morphological alterations of the bile infarct in the disease course by means of multiscale X-ray phase-contrast CT. Bile duct ligation is performed in mice to mimic the obstructive biliary disease. Intact liver lobes of the mice are scanned by phase-contrast CT at various resolution scales. Phase-contrast CT clearly presents three-dimensional (3D) images of the bile infarcts down to the submicron level with good correlation with histological images. The CT data illustrates that the infarct first appears on day 1 post-BDL, while a microchannel between the infarct and hepatic sinusoids is identified, the number of which increases with the disease progression. A 3D model of hepatic acinus is proposed, in which the infarct starts around the portal veins (zone I) and gradually progresses towards the central veins (zone III) during the disease process. Multiscale phase-contrast CT offers the comprehensive analysis of the evolutionary features of the bile infarct in obstructive biliary disease. During the course of the disease, the bile infarcts develop infarct-sinusoidal microchannels and gradually occupy the whole liver, promoting the disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Xin
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Jianbo Jian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Xu Fan
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Liver Cirrhosis and National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Disease, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Beining Qi
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Wenjuan Lv
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yuqing Zhao
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Xinyan Zhao
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Liver Cirrhosis and National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Disease, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Chunhong Hu
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
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3
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Donato S, Arana Peña LM, Arfelli F, Brombal L, Colmo L, Longo R, Martellani F, Tromba G, Zanconati F, Bonazza D. Integrating X-ray phase-contrast imaging and histology for comparative evaluation of breast tissue malignancies in virtual histology analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5831. [PMID: 38461221 PMCID: PMC10924917 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56341-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Detecting breast tissue alterations is essential for cancer diagnosis. However, inherent bidimensionality limits histological procedures' effectiveness in identifying these changes. Our study applies a 3D virtual histology method based on X-ray phase-contrast microtomography (PhC μ CT), performed at a synchrotron facility, to investigate breast tissue samples including different types of lesions, namely intraductal papilloma, micropapillary intracystic carcinoma, and invasive lobular carcinoma. One-to-one comparisons of X-ray and histological images explore the clinical potential of 3D X-ray virtual histology. Results show that PhC μ CT technique provides high spatial resolution and soft tissue sensitivity, while being non-destructive, not requiring a dedicated sample processing and being compatible with conventional histology. PhC μ CT can enhance the visualization of morphological characteristics such as stromal tissue, fibrovascular core, terminal duct lobular unit, stromal/epithelium interface, basement membrane, and adipocytes. Despite not reaching the (sub) cellular level, the three-dimensionality of PhC μ CT images allows to depict in-depth alterations of the breast tissues, potentially revealing pathologically relevant details missed by a single histological section. Compared to serial sectioning, PhC μ CT allows the virtual investigation of the sample volume along any orientation, possibly guiding the pathologist in the choice of the most suitable cutting plane. Overall, PhC μ CT virtual histology holds great promise as a tool adding to conventional histology for improving efficiency, accessibility, and diagnostic accuracy of pathological evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Donato
- Department of Physics, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy.
- Division of Frascati, INFN, 00044, Frascati, RM, Italy.
| | - Lucia Mariel Arana Peña
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
- Division of Trieste, INFN, 34127, Trieste, Italy
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Fulvia Arfelli
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
- Division of Trieste, INFN, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Luca Brombal
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
- Division of Trieste, INFN, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Luisella Colmo
- Unit of Surgical Pathology of the Cattinara Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliana Isontina (ASUGI), 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Renata Longo
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
- Division of Trieste, INFN, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Fulvia Martellani
- Unit of Surgical Pathology of the Cattinara Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliana Isontina (ASUGI), 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Fabrizio Zanconati
- Unit of Surgical Pathology of the Cattinara Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliana Isontina (ASUGI), 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Deborah Bonazza
- Unit of Surgical Pathology of the Cattinara Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliana Isontina (ASUGI), 34149, Trieste, Italy
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4
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D'Amico L, Svetlove A, Longo E, Meyer R, Senigagliesi B, Saccomano G, Nolte P, Wagner WL, Wielpütz MO, Leitz DHW, Duerr J, Mall MA, Casalis L, Köster S, Alves F, Tromba G, Dullin C. Characterization of transient and progressive pulmonary fibrosis by spatially correlated phase contrast microCT, classical histopathology and atomic force microscopy. Comput Biol Med 2024; 169:107947. [PMID: 38211385 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.107947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a severe and progressive condition in which the lung becomes scarred over time resulting in pulmonary function impairment. Classical histopathology remains an important tool for micro-structural tissue assessment in the diagnosis of PF. A novel workflow based on spatial correlated propagation-based phase-contrast micro computed tomography (PBI-microCT), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and histopathology was developed and applied to two different preclinical mouse models of PF - the commonly used and well characterized Bleomycin-induced PF and a novel mouse model for progressive PF caused by conditional Nedd4-2 KO. The aim was to integrate structural and mechanical features from hallmarks of fibrotic lung tissue remodeling. PBI-microCT was used to assess structural alteration in whole fixed and paraffin embedded lungs, allowing for identification of fibrotic foci within the 3D context of the entire organ and facilitating targeted microtome sectioning of planes of interest for subsequent histopathology. Subsequently, these sections of interest were subjected to AFM to assess changes in the local tissue stiffness of previously identified structures of interest. 3D whole organ analysis showed clear morphological differences in 3D tissue porosity between transient and progressive PF and control lungs. By integrating the results obtained from targeted AFM analysis, it was possible to discriminate between the Bleomycin model and the novel conditional Nedd4-2 KO model using agglomerative cluster analysis. As our workflow for 3D spatial correlation of PBI, targeted histopathology and subsequent AFM is tailored around the standard procedure of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue specimens, it may be a powerful tool for the comprehensive tissue assessment beyond the scope of PF and preclinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo D'Amico
- University of Trieste, Department of Physics, Via Alfonso Valerio 2, Trieste, 34127, Italy; Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., s.s. 14 km 163, 500 in Area Science Park, Basovizza, 34149, Italy
| | - Angelika Svetlove
- Translational Molecular Imaging, Max-Plank-Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Hermann-Rein-Straße 3, Göttingen, 37075, Germany; Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), Robert-Koch-Str. 40, Göttingen, 37075, Germany
| | - Elena Longo
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., s.s. 14 km 163, 500 in Area Science Park, Basovizza, 34149, Italy
| | - Ruth Meyer
- Institute for X-ray Physics, University of Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Beatrice Senigagliesi
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, University of Bordeaux-UMR 5297 and CNRS, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, Bordeaux, 33000, France
| | - Giulia Saccomano
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., s.s. 14 km 163, 500 in Area Science Park, Basovizza, 34149, Italy; University of Trieste, Department of Architecture and Engineering, Via Alfonso Valerio 6/1, Trieste, 34127, Italy
| | - Philipp Nolte
- Faculty of Engineering and Health, University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Göttingen, 37085, Germany; Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, 37075, Germany
| | - Willi L Wagner
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mark O Wielpütz
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dominik H W Leitz
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charite - University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, 13353, Germany; German Center for Lung Research (DZL), associated partner site, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, 10117, Germany
| | - Julia Duerr
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charite - University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, 13353, Germany; German Center for Lung Research (DZL), associated partner site, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, 10117, Germany
| | - Marcus A Mall
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charite - University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, 13353, Germany; German Center for Lung Research (DZL), associated partner site, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, 10117, Germany
| | - Loredana Casalis
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., s.s. 14 km 163, 500 in Area Science Park, Basovizza, 34149, Italy
| | - Sarah Köster
- Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), Robert-Koch-Str. 40, Göttingen, 37075, Germany; Institute for X-ray Physics, University of Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Frauke Alves
- Translational Molecular Imaging, Max-Plank-Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Hermann-Rein-Straße 3, Göttingen, 37075, Germany; Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), Robert-Koch-Str. 40, Göttingen, 37075, Germany; Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, 37075, Germany; Department for Haematology and Medical Oncology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, 37075, Germany
| | - Giuliana Tromba
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., s.s. 14 km 163, 500 in Area Science Park, Basovizza, 34149, Italy
| | - Christian Dullin
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., s.s. 14 km 163, 500 in Area Science Park, Basovizza, 34149, Italy; Translational Molecular Imaging, Max-Plank-Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Hermann-Rein-Straße 3, Göttingen, 37075, Germany; Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, 37075, Germany; Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
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5
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Albers J, Nikolova M, Svetlove A, Darif N, Lawson MJ, Schneider TR, Schwab Y, Bourenkov G, Duke E. High Throughput Tomography (HiTT) on EMBL beamline P14 on PETRA III. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2024; 31:186-194. [PMID: 37971957 PMCID: PMC10833423 DOI: 10.1107/s160057752300944x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Here, high-throughput tomography (HiTT), a fast and versatile phase-contrast imaging platform for life-science samples on the EMBL beamline P14 at DESY in Hamburg, Germany, is presented. A high-photon-flux undulator beamline is used to perform tomographic phase-contrast acquisition in about two minutes which is linked to an automated data processing pipeline that delivers a 3D reconstructed data set less than a minute and a half after the completion of the X-ray scan. Combining this workflow with a sophisticated robotic sample changer enables the streamlined collection and reconstruction of X-ray imaging data from potentially hundreds of samples during a beam-time shift. HiTT permits optimal data collection for many different samples and makes possible the imaging of large sample cohorts thus allowing population studies to be attempted. The successful application of HiTT on various soft tissue samples in both liquid (hydrated and also dehydrated) and paraffin-embedded preparations is demonstrated. Furthermore, the feasibility of HiTT to be used as a targeting tool for volume electron microscopy, as well as using HiTT to study plant morphology, is demonstrated. It is also shown how the high-throughput nature of the work has allowed large numbers of `identical' samples to be imaged to enable statistically relevant sample volumes to be studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Albers
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Unit c/o DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marina Nikolova
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Unit c/o DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Angelika Svetlove
- Translational Molecular Imaging, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Hermann-Rein-Straße 3, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nedal Darif
- Cell Biology and Biophysics, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Collaboration for joint PhD degree between the European Molecular Biology Laboratory and the Heidelberg University, Faculty of Biosciences, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthew J. Lawson
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Unit c/o DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas R. Schneider
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Unit c/o DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yannick Schwab
- Cell Biology and Biophysics, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gleb Bourenkov
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Unit c/o DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Elizabeth Duke
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Unit c/o DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
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6
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Nolte P, Brettmacher M, Gröger CJ, Gellhaus T, Svetlove A, Schilling AF, Alves F, Rußmann C, Dullin C. Spatial correlation of 2D hard-tissue histology with 3D microCT scans through 3D printed phantoms. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18479. [PMID: 37898676 PMCID: PMC10613209 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45518-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hard-tissue histology-the analysis of thin two-dimensional (2D) sections-is hampered by the opaque nature of most biological specimens, especially bone. Therefore, the cutting process cannot be assigned to regions of interest. In addition, the applied cutting-grinding method is characterized by significant material loss. As a result, relevant structures might be missed or destroyed, and 3D features can hardly be evaluated. Here, we present a novel workflow, based on conventual microCT scans of the specimen prior to the cutting process, to be used for the analysis of 3D structural features and for directing the sectioning process to the regions of interest. 3D printed fiducial markers, embedded together with the specimen in resin, are utilized to retrospectively register the obtained 2D histological images into the 3D anatomical context. This not only allows to identify the cutting position, but also enables the co-registration of the cell and extracellular matrix morphological analysis to local 3D information obtained from the microCT data. We have successfully applied our new approach to assess hard-tissue specimens of different species. After matching the predicted microCT cut plane with the histology image, we validated a high accuracy of the registration process by computing quality measures namely Jaccard and Dice similarity coefficients achieving an average score of 0.90 ± 0.04 and 0.95 ± 0.02, respectively. Thus, we believe that the novel, easy to implement correlative imaging approach holds great potential for improving the reliability and diagnostic power of classical hard-tissue histology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Nolte
- Faculty of Engineering and Health, University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marcel Brettmacher
- Faculty of Engineering and Health, University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Chris Johann Gröger
- Faculty of Engineering and Health, University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tim Gellhaus
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Angelika Svetlove
- Max Plank Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Arndt F Schilling
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopedics and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Frauke Alves
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- Max Plank Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Haematology and Medical Oncology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christoph Rußmann
- Faculty of Engineering and Health, University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Göttingen, Germany
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christian Dullin
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.
- Max Plank Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany.
- Department for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Translational Lung Research Center (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany.
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7
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Chourrout M, Sandt C, Weitkamp T, Dučić T, Meyronet D, Baron T, Klohs J, Rama N, Boutin H, Singh S, Olivier C, Wiart M, Brun E, Bohic S, Chauveau F. Virtual histology of Alzheimer's disease: Biometal entrapment within amyloid-β plaques allows for detection via X-ray phase-contrast imaging. Acta Biomater 2023; 170:260-272. [PMID: 37574159 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques from Alzheimer's Disease (AD) can be visualized ex vivo in label-free brain samples using synchrotron X-ray phase-contrast tomography (XPCT). However, for XPCT to be useful as a screening method for amyloid pathology, it is essential to understand which factors drive the detection of Aβ plaques. The current study was designed to test the hypothesis that Aβ-related contrast in XPCT could be caused by Aβ fibrils and/or by metals trapped in the plaques. Fibrillar and elemental compositions of Aβ plaques were probed in brain samples from different types of AD patients and AD models to establish a relationship between XPCT contrast and Aβ plaque characteristics. XPCT, micro-Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy and micro-X-Ray Fluorescence spectroscopy were conducted on human samples (one genetic and one sporadic case) and on four transgenic rodent strains (mouse: APPPS1, ArcAβ, J20; rat: TgF344). Aβ plaques from the genetic AD patient were visible using XPCT, and had higher β-sheet content and higher metal levels than those from the sporadic AD patient, which remained undetected by XPCT. Aβ plaques in J20 mice and TgF344 rats appeared hyperdense on XPCT images, while they were hypodense with a hyperdense core in the case of APPPS1 and ArcAβ mice. In all four transgenic strains, β-sheet content was similar, while metal levels were highly variable: J20 (zinc and iron) and TgF344 (copper) strains showed greater metal accumulation than APPPS1 and ArcAβ mice. Hence, a hyperdense contrast formation of Aβ plaques in XPCT images was associated with biometal entrapment within plaques. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The role of metals in Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been a subject of continuous interest. It was already known that amyloid-β plaques (Aβ), the earliest hallmark of AD, tend to trap endogenous biometals like zinc, iron and copper. Here we show that this metal accumulation is the main reason why Aβ plaques are detected with a new technique called X-ray phase contrast tomography (XPCT). XPCT enables to map the distribution of Aβ plaques in the whole excised brain without labeling. In this work we describe a unique collection of four transgenic models of AD, together with a human sporadic and a rare genetic case of AD, thus exploring the full spectrum of amyloid contrast in XPCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Chourrout
- Univ. Lyon, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL); CNRS UMR5292; INSERM U1028, Univ. Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Tanja Dučić
- ALBA-CELLS Synchrotron, MIRAS Beamline, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - David Meyronet
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Neuropathology Department, Lyon, France; Univ. Lyon, Cancer Research Center of Lyon (CRCL); INSERM U1052; CNRS UMR5286, Univ. Lyon 1; Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | | | - Jan Klohs
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Rama
- Univ. Lyon, Cancer Research Center of Lyon (CRCL); INSERM U1052; CNRS UMR5286, Univ. Lyon 1; Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Hervé Boutin
- Univ. Manchester, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Shifali Singh
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Synchrotron Radiation for Biomedicine (STROBE); Inserm UA7, Grenoble, France
| | - Cécile Olivier
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Synchrotron Radiation for Biomedicine (STROBE); Inserm UA7, Grenoble, France
| | - Marlène Wiart
- Univ. Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory; INSERM U1060, INRA U1397, INSA Lyon, Univ. Lyon 1, Lyon, France; CNRS, France
| | - Emmanuel Brun
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Synchrotron Radiation for Biomedicine (STROBE); Inserm UA7, Grenoble, France
| | - Sylvain Bohic
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Synchrotron Radiation for Biomedicine (STROBE); Inserm UA7, Grenoble, France
| | - Fabien Chauveau
- Univ. Lyon, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL); CNRS UMR5292; INSERM U1028, Univ. Lyon 1, Lyon, France; CNRS, France.
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8
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Arana Peña LM, Donato S, Bonazza D, Brombal L, Martellani F, Arfelli F, Tromba G, Longo R. Multiscale X-ray phase-contrast tomography: From breast CT to micro-CT for virtual histology. Phys Med 2023; 112:102640. [PMID: 37441823 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2023.102640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Phase-contrast imaging techniques address the issue of poor soft-tissue contrast encountered in traditional X-ray imaging. This can be accomplished with the propagation-based phase-contrast technique by employing a coherent photon beam, which is available at synchrotron facilities, as well as long sample-to-detector distances. This study demonstrates the optimization of propagation-based phase-contrast computed tomography (CT) techniques for multiscale X-ray imaging of the breast at the Elettra synchrotron facility (Trieste, Italy). Two whole breast mastectomy samples were acquired with propagation-based breast-CT using a monochromatic synchrotron beam at a pixel size of 60 µm. Paraffin-embedded blocks sampled from the same tissues were scanned with propagation-based micro-CT imaging using a polychromatic synchrotron beam at a pixel size of 4 µm. Images of both methodologies and of the same sample were spatially registered. The resulting images showed the transition from whole breast imaging with propagation-based breast-CT methodology to virtual histology with propagation-based micro-CT imaging of the same sample. Additionally, conventional histological images were matched to virtual histology images. Phase-contrast images offer a high resolution with low noise, which allows for a highly precise match between virtual and conventional histology. Furthermore, those techniques allow a clear discernment of breast structures, lesions, and microcalcifications, being a promising clinically-compatible tool for breast imaging in a multiscale approach, to either assist in the detection of cancer in full volume breast samples or to complement structure identification in paraffin-embedded breast tissue samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Arana Peña
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, Via Alfonso Valerio 2, Trieste I-34127, Italy; INFN Division of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, SS 14 Km 163,5, AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, (Trieste), Italy
| | - S Donato
- Department of Physics and STAR Lab, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci 31C, Rende, (CS), I-87036, Italy; INFN Division of Frascati, Via E. Fermi 54, Frascati I-00044, Italy.
| | - D Bonazza
- Unit of Surgical Pathology, Cattinara Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliana Isontina (ASUGI), Strada di Fiume, 447, Trieste I-34149, Italy
| | - L Brombal
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, Via Alfonso Valerio 2, Trieste I-34127, Italy; INFN Division of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - F Martellani
- Unit of Surgical Pathology, Cattinara Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliana Isontina (ASUGI), Strada di Fiume, 447, Trieste I-34149, Italy
| | - F Arfelli
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, Via Alfonso Valerio 2, Trieste I-34127, Italy; INFN Division of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - G Tromba
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, SS 14 Km 163,5, AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, (Trieste), Italy
| | - R Longo
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, Via Alfonso Valerio 2, Trieste I-34127, Italy; INFN Division of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
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9
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Ignatova AM, Zemlyanova MA, Naimark OB, Zaitseva NV. Practical Aspects of Using Multifractal Formalism to Assess the Morphology of Biological Tissues. Sovrem Tekhnologii Med 2023; 15:35-40. [PMID: 38435478 PMCID: PMC10904356 DOI: 10.17691/stm2023.15.3.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study is to identify practical aspects of using multifractal formalism to assess the morphology of biological tissues. Materials and Methods The objects of the study were histological images of lung tissues of Wistar rats without pathology and with detected pathological changes, obtained at 50×, 100×, 200× magnifications. Image processing was carried out using the ImageJ/Fiji universal software. The multifractal spectrum of the images, processed to obtain a linear contour, was calculated with the use of FracLac - a module for ImageJ. This module was used to determine the scaling exponent (the function of the Rényi exponent, τ(q)) and the singularity spectrum itself. Results The singularity spectra for tissues with no pathology have signs of multifractality. The image spectrum of tissue with pathology is shifted to the left relative to the spectrum characteristic of tissue without pathology. A decrease in the spectral height in the presence of pathology indicates a "simplification" of the alveolar pattern, which is presumably associated with the presence of widespread vasculitis, since it causes areas of hemorrhage to appear on the image; this leads to leveling the contour of the alveolar pattern, reducing the surface area of the alveoli and emerging areas inflamed by erythrocytes. At lower magnification, images with pathology lose signs of multifractality. Conclusion Correct results of assessing multifractal spectra of histological images can be achieved at 200× magnification and preprocessing to obtain linear contours. Significant differences between the morphological structure of lung tissues with and without pathology are observed when comparing the height, width, and position of the spectrum relative to the origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Ignatova
- Senior Researcher; Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences - а Branch of the Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 13A Lenina St., Perm, 614990, Russia; Researcher; Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, 82 Monastyrskaya St., Perm, 614045, Russia
| | - M A Zemlyanova
- Associate Professor, Chief Researcher; Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, 82 Monastyrskaya St., Perm, 614045, Russia; Professor, Department of Environmental Protection; Perm National Research Polytechnic University, 29 Komsomolsky Prospekt, Perm, 614990, Russia
| | - O B Naimark
- Professor, Head of the Laboratory; Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences - а Branch of the Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 13A Lenina St., Perm, 614990, Russia
| | - N V Zaitseva
- Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Scientific Adviser; Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, 82 Monastyrskaya St., Perm, 614045, Russia
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10
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Pinkert-Leetsch D, Frohn J, Ströbel P, Alves F, Salditt T, Missbach-Guentner J. Three-dimensional analysis of human pancreatic cancer specimens by phase-contrast based X-ray tomography - the next dimension of diagnosis. Cancer Imaging 2023; 23:43. [PMID: 37131262 PMCID: PMC10152799 DOI: 10.1186/s40644-023-00559-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The worldwide increase of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), which still has one of the lowest survival rates, requires novel imaging tools to improve early detection and to refine diagnosis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of propagation-based phase-contrast X-ray computed tomography of already paraffin-embedded and unlabeled human pancreatic tumor tissue to achieve a detailed three-dimensional (3D) view of the tumor sample in its entirety. METHODS Punch biopsies of areas of particular interest were taken from paraffin blocks after initial histological analysis of hematoxylin and eosin stained tumor sections. To cover the entire 3.5 mm diameter of the punch biopsy, nine individual tomograms with overlapping regions were acquired in a synchrotron parallel beam configuration and stitched together after data reconstruction. Due to the intrinsic contrast based on electron density differences of tissue components and a voxel size of 1.3 μm achieved PDAC and its precursors were clearly identified. RESULTS Characteristic tissue structures for PDAC and its precursors, such as dilated pancreatic ducts, altered ductal epithelium, diffuse immune cell infiltrations, increased occurrence of tumor stroma and perineural invasion were clearly identified. Certain structures of interest were visualized in three dimensions throughout the tissue punch. Pancreatic duct ectasia of different caliber and atypical shape as well as perineural infiltration could be contiguously traced by viewing serial tomographic slices and by applying semi-automatic segmentation. Histological validation of corresponding sections confirmed the former identified PDAC features. CONCLUSION In conclusion, virtual 3D histology via phase-contrast X-ray tomography visualizes diagnostically relevant tissue structures of PDAC in their entirety, preserving tissue integrity in label-free, paraffin embedded tissue biopsies. In the future, this will not only enable a more comprehensive diagnosis but also a possible identification of new 3D imaging tumor markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Pinkert-Leetsch
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany.
| | - Jasper Frohn
- Institute for X-ray Physics, Georg-August-University, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Philipp Ströbel
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Frauke Alves
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany
- Translational Molecular Imaging, Max-Planck-Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Tim Salditt
- Institute for X-ray Physics, Georg-August-University, Goettingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
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11
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Frost J, Schmitzer B, Töpperwien M, Eckermann M, Franz J, Stadelmann C, Salditt T. 3d virtual histology reveals pathological alterations of cerebellar granule cells in multiple sclerosis. Neuroscience 2023; 520:18-38. [PMID: 37061161 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
We investigate structural properties of neurons in the granular layer of human cerebellum with respect to their involvement in multiple sclerosis (MS). To this end we analyze data recorded by X-ray phase contrast tomography from tissue samples collected post mortem from a MS and a healthy control group. Using automated segmentation and histogram analysis based on optimal transport theory (OT) we find that the distributions representing nuclear structure in the granular layer move to a more compact nuclear state, i.e. smaller, denser and more heterogeneous nuclei in MS. We have previously made a similar observation for neurons of the dentate gyrus in Alzheimer's disease, suggesting that more compact structure of neuronal nuclei which we attributed to increased levels of heterochromatin, may possibly represent a more general phenomenon of cellular senescence associated with neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Frost
- Institute of X-ray Physics, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Schmitzer
- Institute of Computer Science, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mareike Töpperwien
- Institute of X-ray Physics, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Germany; Present address: ESRF, Grenoble, France; Present adress: YXLON GmbH, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marina Eckermann
- Institute of X-ray Physics, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Germany; Present address: ESRF, Grenoble, France
| | - Jonas Franz
- Institute of Neuropathology, Universical Medical Center Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christine Stadelmann
- Institute of Neuropathology, Universical Medical Center Göttingen, Germany; Cluster of Excellence 'Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells' (MBExC), Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tim Salditt
- Institute of X-ray Physics, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Germany; Cluster of Excellence 'Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells' (MBExC), Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Germany
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12
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Redente EF, Kopf KW, Bahadur AN, Robichaud A, Lundblad LK, McDonald LT. Application-specific approaches to MicroCT for evaluation of mouse models of pulmonary disease. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281452. [PMID: 36757935 PMCID: PMC9910664 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The advent of micro-computed tomography (microCT) has provided significant advancement in our ability to generate clinically relevant assessments of lung health and disease in small animal models. As microCT use to generate outcomes analysis in pulmonary preclinical models has increased there have been substantial improvements in image quality and resolution, and data analysis software. However, there are limited published methods for standardized imaging and automated analysis available for investigators. Manual quantitative analysis of microCT images is complicated by the presence of inflammation and parenchymal disease. To improve the efficiency and limit user-associated bias, we have developed an automated pulmonary air and tissue segmentation (PATS) task list to segment lung air volume and lung tissue volume for quantitative analysis. We demonstrate the effective use of the PATS task list using four distinct methods for imaging, 1) in vivo respiration controlled scanning using a flexiVent, 2) longitudinal breath-gated in vivo scanning in resolving and non-resolving pulmonary disease initiated by lipopolysaccharide-, bleomycin-, and silica-exposure, 3) post-mortem imaging, and 4) ex vivo high-resolution scanning. The accuracy of the PATS task list was compared to manual segmentation. The use of these imaging techniques and automated quantification methodology across multiple models of lung injury and fibrosis demonstrates the broad applicability and adaptability of microCT to various lung diseases and small animal models and presents a significant advance in efficiency and standardization of preclinical microCT imaging and analysis for the field of pulmonary research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth F. Redente
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Katrina W. Kopf
- Department of Academic Affairs, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Ali N. Bahadur
- Bruker BioSpin Corporation, Billerica, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | | | | | - Lindsay T. McDonald
- Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
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13
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Wiart M, Tavakoli C, Hubert V, Hristovska I, Dumot C, Parola S, Lerouge F, Chauveau F, Canet-Soulas E, Pascual O, Cormode DP, Brun E, Elleaume H. Use of metal-based contrast agents for in vivo MR and CT imaging of phagocytic cells in neurological pathologies. J Neurosci Methods 2023; 383:109729. [PMID: 36272462 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2022.109729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The activation of phagocytic cells is a hallmark of many neurological diseases. Imaging them in their 3-dimensional cerebral environment over time is crucial to better understand their role in disease pathogenesis and to monitor their potential therapeutic effects. Phagocytic cells have the ability to internalize metal-based contrast agents both in vitro and in vivo and can thus be tracked by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT). In this review article, we summarize the different labelling strategies, contrast agents, and in vivo imaging modalities that can be used to monitor cells with phagocytic activity in the central nervous system using MRI and CT, with a focus on clinical applications. Metal-based nanoparticle contrast agents such as gadolinium, gold and iron are ideal candidates for these applications as they have favourable magnetic and/or radiopaque properties and can be fine-tuned for optimal uptake by phagocytic cells. However, they also come with downsides due to their potential toxicity, especially in the brain where they might accumulate. We therefore conclude our review by discussing the pitfalls, safety and potential for clinical translation of these metal-based neuroimaging techniques. Early results in patients with neuropathologies such as multiple sclerosis, stroke, trauma, cerebral aneurysm and glioblastoma are promising. If the challenges represented by safety issues are overcome, phagocytic cells imaging will be a very valuable tool for studying and understanding the inflammatory response and evaluating treatments that aim at mitigating this response in patients with neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlène Wiart
- Univ. Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69003 Lyon, France; CNRS, Lyon, France.
| | - Clément Tavakoli
- Univ. Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69003 Lyon, France; Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM UA7 STROBE, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Violaine Hubert
- Univ. Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69003 Lyon, France
| | | | - Chloé Dumot
- Univ. Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69003 Lyon, France; Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Stéphane Parola
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie, 46 allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon, France
| | - Frédéric Lerouge
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie, 46 allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon, France
| | - Fabien Chauveau
- CNRS, Lyon, France; Univ. Lyon, Lyon Neurosciences Research Center, CNRS UMR5292, INSERM U1028, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69003 Lyon, France
| | - Emmanuelle Canet-Soulas
- Univ. Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69003 Lyon, France
| | | | - David P Cormode
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Emmanuel Brun
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM UA7 STROBE, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Hélène Elleaume
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM UA7 STROBE, 38000 Grenoble, France
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14
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Nolte P, Dullin C, Svetlove A, Brettmacher M, Rußmann C, Schilling AF, Alves F, Stock B. Current Approaches for Image Fusion of Histological Data with Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Radiol Res Pract 2022; 2022:6765895. [PMID: 36408297 PMCID: PMC9668453 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6765895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Classical analysis of biological samples requires the destruction of the tissue's integrity by cutting or grinding it down to thin slices for (Immuno)-histochemical staining and microscopic analysis. Despite high specificity, encoded in the stained 2D section of the whole tissue, the structural information, especially 3D information, is limited. Computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans performed prior to sectioning in combination with image registration algorithms provide an opportunity to regain access to morphological characteristics as well as to relate histological findings to the 3D structure of the local tissue environment. This review provides a summary of prevalent literature addressing the problem of multimodal coregistration of hard- and soft-tissue in microscopy and tomography. Grouped according to the complexity of the dimensions, including image-to-volume (2D ⟶ 3D), image-to-image (2D ⟶ 2D), and volume-to-volume (3D ⟶ 3D), selected currently applied approaches are investigated by comparing the method accuracy with respect to the limiting resolution of the tomography. Correlation of multimodal imaging could position itself as a useful tool allowing for precise histological diagnostic and allow the a priori planning of tissue extraction like biopsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Nolte
- Faculty of Engineering and Health, University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Goettingen 37085, Germany
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen 37075, Germany
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopedics and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Gottingen 37075, Germany
| | - Christian Dullin
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen 37075, Germany
- Translational Molecular Imaging, Max-Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, City Campus, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
- Department for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Angelika Svetlove
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen 37075, Germany
- Translational Molecular Imaging, Max-Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, City Campus, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Marcel Brettmacher
- Faculty of Engineering and Health, University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Goettingen 37085, Germany
| | - Christoph Rußmann
- Faculty of Engineering and Health, University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Goettingen 37085, Germany
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02155, MA, USA
| | - Arndt F. Schilling
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopedics and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Gottingen 37075, Germany
| | - Frauke Alves
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen 37075, Germany
- Translational Molecular Imaging, Max-Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, City Campus, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Bernd Stock
- Faculty of Engineering and Health, University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Goettingen 37085, Germany
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15
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Maes A, Pestiaux C, Marino A, Balcaen T, Leyssens L, Vangrunderbeeck S, Pyka G, De Borggraeve WM, Bertrand L, Beauloye C, Horman S, Wevers M, Kerckhofs G. Cryogenic contrast-enhanced microCT enables nondestructive 3D quantitative histopathology of soft biological tissues. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6207. [PMID: 36266273 PMCID: PMC9584947 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34048-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological tissues comprise a spatially complex structure, composition and organization at the microscale, named the microstructure. Given the close structure-function relationships in tissues, structural characterization is essential to fully understand the functioning of healthy and pathological tissues, as well as the impact of possible treatments. Here, we present a nondestructive imaging approach to perform quantitative 3D histo(patho)logy of biological tissues, termed Cryogenic Contrast-Enhanced MicroCT (cryo-CECT). By combining sample staining, using an X-ray contrast-enhancing staining agent, with freezing the sample at the optimal freezing rate, cryo-CECT enables 3D visualization and structural analysis of individual tissue constituents, such as muscle and collagen fibers. We applied cryo-CECT on murine hearts subjected to pressure overload following transverse aortic constriction surgery. Cryo-CECT allowed to analyze, in an unprecedented manner, the orientation and diameter of the individual muscle fibers in the entire heart, as well as the 3D localization of fibrotic regions within the myocardial layers. We foresee further applications of cryo-CECT in the optimization of tissue/food preservation and donor banking, showing that cryo-CECT also has clinical and industrial potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne Maes
- grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium ,grid.7942.80000 0001 2294 713XBiomechanics lab, Institute of Mechanics, Materials and Civil Engineering, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium ,grid.7942.80000 0001 2294 713XPole of Morphology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Camille Pestiaux
- grid.7942.80000 0001 2294 713XBiomechanics lab, Institute of Mechanics, Materials and Civil Engineering, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium ,grid.7942.80000 0001 2294 713XPole of Morphology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alice Marino
- grid.7942.80000 0001 2294 713XPole of Cardiovascular Research, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tim Balcaen
- grid.7942.80000 0001 2294 713XBiomechanics lab, Institute of Mechanics, Materials and Civil Engineering, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium ,grid.7942.80000 0001 2294 713XPole of Morphology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium ,grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Molecular Design and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lisa Leyssens
- grid.7942.80000 0001 2294 713XBiomechanics lab, Institute of Mechanics, Materials and Civil Engineering, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium ,grid.7942.80000 0001 2294 713XPole of Morphology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sarah Vangrunderbeeck
- grid.7942.80000 0001 2294 713XBiomechanics lab, Institute of Mechanics, Materials and Civil Engineering, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium ,grid.7942.80000 0001 2294 713XPole of Morphology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium ,grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Molecular Design and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Grzegorz Pyka
- grid.7942.80000 0001 2294 713XBiomechanics lab, Institute of Mechanics, Materials and Civil Engineering, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium ,grid.7942.80000 0001 2294 713XPole of Morphology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Wim M. De Borggraeve
- grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Molecular Design and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Luc Bertrand
- grid.7942.80000 0001 2294 713XPole of Cardiovascular Research, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christophe Beauloye
- grid.48769.340000 0004 0461 6320Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sandrine Horman
- grid.7942.80000 0001 2294 713XPole of Cardiovascular Research, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Martine Wevers
- grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Greet Kerckhofs
- grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium ,grid.7942.80000 0001 2294 713XBiomechanics lab, Institute of Mechanics, Materials and Civil Engineering, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium ,grid.7942.80000 0001 2294 713XPole of Morphology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium ,grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Prometheus, Division for Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Popova E, Tkachev S, Reshetov I, Timashev P, Ulasov I. Imaging Hallmarks of Sarcoma Progression Via X-ray Computed Tomography: Beholding the Flower of Evil. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14205112. [PMID: 36291896 PMCID: PMC9600487 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14205112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Sarcomas represent the largest group of rare solid tumors that arise from mesenchymal stem cells and are a leading cause of cancer death in individuals younger than 20 years of age. There is an immediate need for the development of an algorithm for the early accurate diagnosis of sarcomas due to the high rate of diagnostic inaccuracy, which reaches up to 30%. X-ray computed tomography is a non-invasive imaging technique used to obtain detailed internal images of the human or animal body in clinical practice and preclinical studies. We summarized the main imaging features of soft tissue and bone sarcomas, and noted the development of new molecular markers to reach tumor type-specific imaging. Also, we demonstrated the possibility of the use X-ray computed microtomography for non-destructive 3D visualization of sarcoma progression in preclinical studies. Finding correlations between X-ray computed tomography modalities and the results of the histopathological specimen examination may significantly increase the accuracy of diagnostics, which leads to the initiation of appropriate management in a timely manner and, consequently, to improved outcomes. Abstract Sarcomas are a leading cause of cancer death in individuals younger than 20 years of age and represent the largest group of rare solid tumors. To date, more than 100 morphological subtypes of sarcomas have been described, among which epidemiology, clinical features, management, and prognosis differ significantly. Delays and errors in the diagnosis of sarcomas limit the number of effective therapeutic modalities and catastrophically worsen the prognosis. Therefore, the development of an algorithm for the early accurate diagnosis of sarcomas seems to be as important as the development of novel therapeutic advances. This literature review aims to summarize the results of recent investigations regarding the imaging of sarcoma progression based on the use of X-ray computed tomography (CT) in preclinical studies and in current clinical practice through the lens of cancer hallmarks. We attempted to summarize the main CT imaging features of soft-tissue and bone sarcomas. We noted the development of new molecular markers with high specificity to antibodies and chemokines, which are expressed in particular sarcoma subtypes to reach tumor type-specific imaging. We demonstrate the possibility of the use of X-ray computed microtomography (micro-CT) for non-destructive 3D visualization of solid tumors by increasing the visibility of soft tissues with X-ray scattering agents. Based on the results of recent studies, we hypothesize that micro-CT enables the visualization of neovascularization and stroma formation in sarcomas at high-resolution in vivo and ex vivo, including the novel techniques of whole-block and whole-tissue imaging. Finding correlations between CT, PET/CT, and micro-CT imaging features, the results of the histopathological specimen examination and clinical outcomes may significantly increase the accuracy of soft-tissue and bone tumor diagnostics, which leads to the initiation of appropriate histotype-specific management in a timely manner and, consequently, to improved outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Popova
- World-Class Research Centre “Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare”, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey Tkachev
- World-Class Research Centre “Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare”, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor Reshetov
- University Clinical Hospital No. 1, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Peter Timashev
- World-Class Research Centre “Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare”, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ilya Ulasov
- Group of Experimental Biotherapy and Diagnostic, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, World-Class Research Centre “Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare”, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-901-797-5406
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17
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Okamoto T, Kumakiri T, Haneishi H. Patch-based artifact reduction for three-dimensional volume projection data of sparse-view micro-computed tomography. Radiol Phys Technol 2022; 15:206-223. [PMID: 35622229 DOI: 10.1007/s12194-022-00661-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) enables the non-destructive acquisition of three-dimensional (3D) morphological structures at the micrometer scale. Although it is expected to be used in pathology and histology to analyze the 3D microstructure of tissues, micro-CT imaging of tissue specimens requires a long scan time. A high-speed imaging method, sparse-view CT, can reduce the total scan time and radiation dose; however, it causes severe streak artifacts on tomographic images reconstructed with analytical algorithms due to insufficient sampling. In this paper, we propose an artifact reduction method for 3D volume projection data from sparse-view micro-CT. Specifically, we developed a patch-based lightweight fully convolutional network to estimate full-view 3D volume projection data from sparse-view 3D volume projection data. We evaluated the effectiveness of the proposed method using physically acquired datasets. The qualitative and quantitative results showed that the proposed method achieved high estimation accuracy and suppressed streak artifacts in the reconstructed images. In addition, we confirmed that the proposed method requires both short training and prediction times. Our study demonstrates that the proposed method has great potential for artifact reduction for 3D volume projection data under sparse-view conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Okamoto
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan.
| | - Toshio Kumakiri
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Hideaki Haneishi
- Center for Frontier Medical Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
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18
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Chourrout M, Rositi H, Ong E, Hubert V, Paccalet A, Foucault L, Autret A, Fayard B, Olivier C, Bolbos R, Peyrin F, Crola-da-Silva C, Meyronet D, Raineteau O, Elleaume H, Brun E, Chauveau F, Wiart M. Brain virtual histology with X-ray phase-contrast tomography Part I: whole-brain myelin mapping in white-matter injury models. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 13:1620-1639. [PMID: 35415001 PMCID: PMC8973191 DOI: 10.1364/boe.438832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
White-matter injury leads to severe functional loss in many neurological diseases. Myelin staining on histological samples is the most common technique to investigate white-matter fibers. However, tissue processing and sectioning may affect the reliability of 3D volumetric assessments. The purpose of this study was to propose an approach that enables myelin fibers to be mapped in the whole rodent brain with microscopic resolution and without the need for strenuous staining. With this aim, we coupled in-line (propagation-based) X-ray phase-contrast tomography (XPCT) to ethanol-induced brain sample dehydration. We here provide the proof-of-concept that this approach enhances myelinated axons in rodent and human brain tissue. In addition, we demonstrated that white-matter injuries could be detected and quantified with this approach, using three animal models: ischemic stroke, premature birth and multiple sclerosis. Furthermore, in analogy to diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), we retrieved fiber directions and DTI-like diffusion metrics from our XPCT data to quantitatively characterize white-matter microstructure. Finally, we showed that this non-destructive approach was compatible with subsequent complementary brain sample analysis by conventional histology. In-line XPCT might thus become a novel gold-standard for investigating white-matter injury in the intact brain. This is Part I of a series of two articles reporting the value of in-line XPCT for virtual histology of the brain; Part II shows how in-line XPCT enables the whole-brain 3D morphometric analysis of amyloid- β (A β ) plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Chourrout
- Univ-Lyon, Lyon Neuroscience
Research Center, CNRS UMR5292, Inserm U1028,
Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Co-first authors
| | - Hugo Rositi
- Univ-Clermont Auvergne; CNRS;
SIGMA Clermont; Institut Pascal,
Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Co-first authors
| | - Elodie Ong
- Univ-Lyon, CarMeN
laboratory, Inserm U1060, INRA U1397, Université
Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA Lyon, Charles Mérieux Medical
School, F-69600, Oullins, France
- Univ-Lyon, Hospices Civils de
Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Violaine Hubert
- Univ-Lyon, CarMeN
laboratory, Inserm U1060, INRA U1397, Université
Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA Lyon, Charles Mérieux Medical
School, F-69600, Oullins, France
| | - Alexandre Paccalet
- Univ-Lyon, CarMeN
laboratory, Inserm U1060, INRA U1397, Université
Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA Lyon, Charles Mérieux Medical
School, F-69600, Oullins, France
| | - Louis Foucault
- Univ-Lyon, Université
Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, Stem Cell and Brain
Research Institute U1208, 69500 Bron, France
| | | | | | - Cécile Olivier
- Univ-Lyon, INSA-Lyon,
Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1,
CNRS, Inserm, CREATIS UMR5220, U1206, F-69621, France
| | | | - Françoise Peyrin
- Univ-Lyon, INSA-Lyon,
Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1,
CNRS, Inserm, CREATIS UMR5220, U1206, F-69621, France
| | - Claire Crola-da-Silva
- Univ-Lyon, CarMeN
laboratory, Inserm U1060, INRA U1397, Université
Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA Lyon, Charles Mérieux Medical
School, F-69600, Oullins, France
| | | | - Olivier Raineteau
- Univ-Lyon, Université
Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, Stem Cell and Brain
Research Institute U1208, 69500 Bron, France
| | - Héléne Elleaume
- Université Grenoble
Alpes, Inserm UA7 Strobe, Grenoble, France
| | - Emmanuel Brun
- Université Grenoble
Alpes, Inserm UA7 Strobe, Grenoble, France
| | - Fabien Chauveau
- Univ-Lyon, Lyon Neuroscience
Research Center, CNRS UMR5292, Inserm U1028,
Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- CNRS, Lyon,
France
- Co-last authors
| | - Marlene Wiart
- Univ-Lyon, CarMeN
laboratory, Inserm U1060, INRA U1397, Université
Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA Lyon, Charles Mérieux Medical
School, F-69600, Oullins, France
- CNRS, Lyon,
France
- Co-last authors
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19
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Chourrout M, Roux M, Boisvert C, Gislard C, Legland D, Arganda-Carreras I, Olivier C, Peyrin F, Boutin H, Rama N, Baron T, Meyronet D, Brun E, Rositi H, Wiart M, Chauveau F. Brain virtual histology with X-ray phase-contrast tomography Part II:3D morphologies of amyloid- β plaques in Alzheimer's disease models. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 13:1640-1653. [PMID: 35414980 PMCID: PMC8973161 DOI: 10.1364/boe.438890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
While numerous transgenic mouse strains have been produced to model the formation of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques in the brain, efficient methods for whole-brain 3D analysis of Aβ deposits have to be validated and standardized. Moreover, routine immunohistochemistry performed on brain slices precludes any shape analysis of Aβ plaques, or require complex procedures for serial acquisition and reconstruction. The present study shows how in-line (propagation-based) X-ray phase-contrast tomography (XPCT) combined with ethanol-induced brain sample dehydration enables hippocampus-wide detection and morphometric analysis of Aβ plaques. Performed in three distinct Alzheimer mouse strains, the proposed workflow identified differences in signal intensity and 3D shape parameters: 3xTg displayed a different type of Aβ plaques, with a larger volume and area, greater elongation, flatness and mean breadth, and more intense average signal than J20 and APP/PS1. As a label-free non-destructive technique, XPCT can be combined with standard immunohistochemistry. XPCT virtual histology could thus become instrumental in quantifying the 3D spreading and the morphological impact of seeding when studying prion-like properties of Aβ aggregates in animal models of Alzheimer's disease. This is Part II of a series of two articles reporting the value of in-line XPCT for virtual histology of the brain; Part I shows how in-line XPCT enables 3D myelin mapping in the whole rodent brain and in human autopsy brain tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Chourrout
- Univ. Lyon, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, CNRS UMR5292, Inserm U1028, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Margaux Roux
- Univ. Lyon, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, CNRS UMR5292, Inserm U1028, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Carlie Boisvert
- Univ. Lyon, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, CNRS UMR5292, Inserm U1028, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Current affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Coralie Gislard
- Univ. Lyon, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, CNRS UMR5292, Inserm U1028, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | | | - Ignacio Arganda-Carreras
- University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Cécile Olivier
- Univ. Lyon, CREATIS; CNRS UMR5220; INSERM U1044; INSA-Lyon; Univ. Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Françoise Peyrin
- Univ. Lyon, CREATIS; CNRS UMR5220; INSERM U1044; INSA-Lyon; Univ. Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Hervé Boutin
- Univ. Manchester, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Nicolas Rama
- Univ. Lyon, CRCL; INSERM U1052; CNRS UMR5286; Univ. Lyon 1; Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Emmanuel Brun
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm UA07 Strobe Grenoble, France
| | - Hugo Rositi
- Univ. Clermont Auvergne, Institut Pascal; CNRS UMR 6602; SIGMA Clermont, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Marlène Wiart
- Univ. Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory; INSERM U1060; INRA U1397; Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- CNRS, Lyon, France
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Fabien Chauveau
- Univ. Lyon, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, CNRS UMR5292, Inserm U1028, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- CNRS, Lyon, France
- These authors contributed equally to this work
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20
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Paiva K, Meneses AADM, Barcellos R, Moura MSDS, Mendes G, Fidalgo G, Sena G, Colaço G, Silva HR, Braz D, Colaço MV, Barroso RC. Performance evaluation of segmentation methods for assessing the lens of the frog Thoropa miliaris from synchrotron-based phase-contrast micro-CT images. Phys Med 2022; 94:43-52. [PMID: 34995977 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2021.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In the context of synchrotron microtomography using propagation-based phase-contrast imaging (XSPCT), we evaluated the performance of semiautomatic and automatic image segmentation of soft biological structures by means of Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC) and volume quantification. METHODS We took advantage of the phase-contrast effects of XSPCT to provide enhanced object boundaries and improved visualization of the lenses of the frog Thoropa miliaris. Then, we applied semiautomatic segmentation methods 1 and 2 (Interpolation and Watershed, respectively) and method 3, an automatic segmentation algorithm using the U-Net architecture, to the reconstructed images. DSC and volume quantification of the lenses were used to quantify the performance of image segmentation methods. RESULTS Comparing the lenses segmented by the three methods, the most pronounced difference in volume quantification was between methods 1 and 3: a reduction of 4.24%. Method 1, 2 and 3 obtained the global average DSC of 97.02%, 95.41% and 89.29%, respectively. Although it obtained the lowest DSC, method 3 performed the segmentation in a matter of seconds, while the semiautomatic methods had the average time to segment the lenses around 1 h and 30 min. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the performance of U-Net was impaired due to the irregularities of the ROI edges mainly in its lower and upper regions, but it still showed high accuracy (DSC = 89.29%) with significantly reduced segmentation time compared to the semiautomatic methods. Besides, with the present work we have established a baseline for future assessments of Deep Neural Networks applied to XSPCT volumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrine Paiva
- Laboratory of Applied Physics to Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, Physics Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | | | - Renan Barcellos
- Laboratory of Applied Physics to Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, Physics Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Nuclear Engineering Program/COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Gabriela Mendes
- Laboratory of Applied Physics to Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, Physics Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Fidalgo
- Laboratory of Applied Physics to Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, Physics Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Sena
- Nuclear Engineering Program/COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Colaço
- Laboratory of Herpetology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Hélio Ricardo Silva
- Laboratory of Herpetology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Delson Braz
- Nuclear Engineering Program/COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcos Vinicius Colaço
- Laboratory of Applied Physics to Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, Physics Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Regina Cely Barroso
- Laboratory of Applied Physics to Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, Physics Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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21
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Rodgers G, Tanner C, Schulz G, Migga A, Kuo W, Bikis C, Scheel M, Kurtcuoglu V, Weitkamp T, Müller B. Virtual histology of an entire mouse brain from formalin fixation to paraffin embedding. Part 2: Volumetric strain fields and local contrast changes. J Neurosci Methods 2022; 365:109385. [PMID: 34637810 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2021.109385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fixation and embedding of post mortem brain tissue is a pre-requisite for both gold-standard conventional histology and X-ray virtual histology. This process alters the morphology and density of the brain microanatomy. NEW METHOD To quantify these changes, we employed synchrotron radiation-based hard X-ray tomography with 3 μm voxel length to visualize the same mouse brain after fixation in 4% formalin, immersion in ethanol solutions (50%, 70%, 80%, 90%, and 100%), xylene, and finally after embedding in a paraffin block. The volumetric data were non-rigidly registered to the initial formalin-fixed state to align the microanatomy within the entire mouse brain. RESULTS Volumetric strain fields were used to characterize local shrinkage, which was found to depend on the anatomical region and distance to external surface. X-ray contrast was altered and enhanced by preparation-induced inter-tissue density changes. The preparation step can be selected to highlight specific anatomical features. For example, fiber tract contrast is amplified in 100% ethanol. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS Our method provides volumetric strain fields, unlike approaches based on feature-to-feature or volume measurements. Volumetric strain fields are produced by non-rigid registration, which is less labor-intensive and observer-dependent than volume change measurements based on manual segmentations. X-ray microtomography provides spatial resolution at least an order of magnitude higher than magnetic resonance microscopy, allowing for analysis of morphology and density changes within the brain's microanatomy. CONCLUSION Our approach belongs to three-dimensional virtual histology with isotropic micrometer spatial resolution and therefore complements atlases based on a combination of magnetic resonance microscopy and optical micrographs of serial histological sections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Griffin Rodgers
- Biomaterials Science Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland; Biomaterials Science Center, Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christine Tanner
- Biomaterials Science Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland; Biomaterials Science Center, Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Georg Schulz
- Biomaterials Science Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland; Biomaterials Science Center, Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Migga
- Biomaterials Science Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland; Biomaterials Science Center, Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Willy Kuo
- The Interface Group, Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland; National Centre of Competence in Research, Kidney.CH, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christos Bikis
- Biomaterials Science Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland; Biomaterials Science Center, Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Integrierte Psychiatrie Winterthur - Zürcher Unterland, 8408 Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Mario Scheel
- Synchrotron Soleil, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Vartan Kurtcuoglu
- The Interface Group, Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland; National Centre of Competence in Research, Kidney.CH, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Bert Müller
- Biomaterials Science Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland; Biomaterials Science Center, Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
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22
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Nava A, Mahoney P, Bondioli L, Coppa A, Cristiani E, Fattore L, McFarlane G, Dreossi D, Mancini L. Virtual histology of archaeological human deciduous prenatal enamel through synchrotron X-ray computed microtomography images. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2022; 29:247-253. [PMID: 34985442 PMCID: PMC8733994 DOI: 10.1107/s160057752101208x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Virtual histology is increasingly utilized to reconstruct the cell mechanisms underlying dental morphology for fragile fossils when physical thin sections are not permitted. Yet, the comparability of data derived from virtual and physical thin sections is rarely tested. Here, the results from archaeological human deciduous incisor physical sections are compared with virtual ones obtained by phase-contrast synchrotron radiation computed microtomography (SRµCT) of intact specimens using a multi-scale approach. Moreover, virtual prenatal daily enamel secretion rates are compared with those calculated from physical thin sections of the same tooth class from the same archaeological skeletal series. Results showed overall good visibility of the enamel microstructures in the virtual sections which are comparable to that of physical ones. The highest spatial resolution SRµCT setting (effective pixel size = 0.9 µm) produced daily secretion rates that matched those calculated from physical sections. Rates obtained using the lowest spatial resolution setup (effective pixel size = 2.0 µm) were higher than those obtained from physical sections. The results demonstrate that virtual histology can be applied to the investigated samples to obtain reliable and quantitative measurements of prenatal daily enamel secretion rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Nava
- School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Giles Lane, Canterbury CT2 7NZ, United Kingdom
- Department of Maxillo-Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Patrick Mahoney
- School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Giles Lane, Canterbury CT2 7NZ, United Kingdom
| | - Luca Bondioli
- Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna, Via degli Ariani 1, Ravenna 48121, Italy
| | - Alfredo Coppa
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro 5, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Emanuela Cristiani
- Department of Maxillo-Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Luciano Fattore
- Department of Chemical Engineering Materials Environment, Sapienza University of Rome, via Eudossiana 18, Rome 00184, Italy
| | - Gina McFarlane
- School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Giles Lane, Canterbury CT2 7NZ, United Kingdom
| | - Diego Dreossi
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA, SS 14 Area Science Park, Basovizza, Trieste 34149 Italy
| | - Lucia Mancini
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA, SS 14 Area Science Park, Basovizza, Trieste 34149 Italy
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23
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Virtual histology of an entire mouse brain from formalin fixation to paraffin embedding. Part 1: Data acquisition, anatomical feature segmentation, tracking global volume and density changes. J Neurosci Methods 2021; 364:109354. [PMID: 34529981 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2021.109354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Micrometer-resolution neuroimaging with gold-standard conventional histology requires tissue fixation and embedding. The exchange of solvents for the creation of sectionable paraffin blocks modifies tissue density and generates non-uniform brain shrinkage. NEW METHOD We employed synchrotron radiation-based X-ray microtomography for slicing- and label-free virtual histology of the mouse brain at different stages of the standard preparation protocol from formalin fixation via ascending ethanol solutions and xylene to paraffin embedding. Segmentation of anatomical regions allowed us to quantify non-uniform tissue shrinkage. Global and local changes in X-ray absorption gave insight into contrast enhancement for virtual histology. RESULTS The volume of the entire mouse brain was 60%, 56%, and 40% of that in formalin for, respectively, 100% ethanol, xylene, and paraffin. The volume changes of anatomical regions such as the hippocampus, anterior commissure, and ventricles differ from the global volume change. X-ray absorption of the full brain decreased, while local absorption differences increased, resulting in enhanced contrast for virtual histology. These trends were also observed with laboratory microtomography measurements. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS Microtomography provided sub-10 μm spatial resolution with sufficient density resolution to resolve anatomical structures at each step of the embedding protocol. The spatial resolution of conventional computed tomography and magnetic resonance microscopy is an order of magnitude lower and both do not match the contrast of microtomography over the entire embedding protocol. Unlike feature-to-feature or total volume measurements, our approach allows for calculation of volume change based on segmentation. CONCLUSION We present isotropic micrometer-resolution imaging to quantify morphology and composition changes in a mouse brain during the standard histological preparation. The proposed method can be employed to identify the most appropriate embedding medium for anatomical feature visualization, to reveal the basis for the dramatic X-ray contrast enhancement observed in numerous embedded tissues, and to quantify morphological changes during tissue fixation and embedding.
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24
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Romano M, Bravin DA, Wright DMD, Jacques L, Miettinen DA, Hlushchuk DR, Dinkel J, Bartzsch DS, Laissue JA, Djonov V, Coan DP. X-ray Phase Contrast 3D virtual histology: evaluation of lung alterations after micro-beam irradiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021; 112:818-830. [PMID: 34678432 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study provides the first experimental application of multiscale three-dimensional (3D) X-ray Phase Contrast Imaging Computed Tomography (XPCI-CT) virtual histology for the inspection and quantitative assessment of the late stage effects of radio-induced lesions on lungs in a small animal model. METHODS AND MATERIALS Healthy male Fischer rats were irradiated with X-ray standard broad beams and Microbeam Radiation Therapy (MRT), a high dose rate (14 kGy/s), FLASH spatially-fractionated X-ray therapy to avoid the beamlets smearing due to cardiosynchronous movements of the organs during the irradiation. After organ dissection, ex-vivo XPCI-CT was applied to all the samples and the results were quantitatively analysed and correlated to histologic data. RESULTS XPCI-CT enables the 3D visualization of lung tissues with unprecedented contrast and sensitivity allowing alveoli, vessels and bronchi hierarchical visualization. XPCI-CT discriminates in 3D radio-induced lesions such as fibrotic scars, Ca/Fe deposits and, in addition, allows a full-organ accurate quantification of the fibrotic tissue within the irradiated organs. The radiation-induced fibrotic tissue content is less than 10% of the analyzed volume for all the MRT treated organs while it reaches the 34% in the case of irradiations with 50 Gy using a broad beam. CONCLUSIONS XPCI-CT is an effective imaging technique able to provide detailed 3D information for the assessment of lung pathology and treatment efficacy in a small animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariele Romano
- Faculty of Physics, Ludwig Maximilian University, Am Coulombwall 1, München, Garching, Germany
| | - Dr Alberto Bravin
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble, France, 38000
| | | | - Laurent Jacques
- Faculty of Physics, Ludwig Maximilian University, Am Coulombwall 1, München, Garching, Germany
| | - Dr Arttu Miettinen
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Dr Ruslan Hlushchuk
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, 2 Baltzerstrasse, Bern, Switzerland Department
| | - Julien Dinkel
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Dr Stefan Bartzsch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany; Helmholtz Centre Munich, Institute for Radiation Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Jean Albert Laissue
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, 2 Baltzerstrasse, Bern, Switzerland Department
| | - Valentin Djonov
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, 2 Baltzerstrasse, Bern, Switzerland Department
| | - Dr Paola Coan
- Faculty of Physics, Ludwig Maximilian University, Am Coulombwall 1, München, Garching, Germany; Department of Clinical Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.
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25
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Glover JC, Aswendt M, Boulland JL, Lojk J, Stamenković S, Andjus P, Fiori F, Hoehn M, Mitrecic D, Pavlin M, Cavalli S, Frati C, Quaini F. In vivo Cell Tracking Using Non-invasive Imaging of Iron Oxide-Based Particles with Particular Relevance for Stem Cell-Based Treatments of Neurological and Cardiac Disease. Mol Imaging Biol 2021; 22:1469-1488. [PMID: 31802361 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-019-01440-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell-based therapeutics is a rapidly developing field associated with a number of clinical challenges. One such challenge lies in the implementation of methods to track stem cells and stem cell-derived cells in experimental animal models and in the living patient. Here, we provide an overview of cell tracking in the context of cardiac and neurological disease, focusing on the use of iron oxide-based particles (IOPs) visualized in vivo using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We discuss the types of IOPs available for such tracking, their advantages and limitations, approaches for labeling cells with IOPs, biological interactions and effects of IOPs at the molecular and cellular levels, and MRI-based and associated approaches for in vivo and histological visualization. We conclude with reviews of the literature on IOP-based cell tracking in cardiac and neurological disease, covering both preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel C Glover
- Laboratory for Neural Development and Optical Recording (NDEVOR), Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, PB 1105, Blindern, Oslo, Norway. .,Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Markus Aswendt
- Institut für Neurowissenschaften und Medizin, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Leo-Brandt-Str. 5, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Jean-Luc Boulland
- Laboratory for Neural Development and Optical Recording (NDEVOR), Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, PB 1105, Blindern, Oslo, Norway.,Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jasna Lojk
- Group for Nano and Biotechnological Applications, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Trzaska cesta 25, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Stefan Stamenković
- Center for Laser Microscopy, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, PB 52, 10001 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Pavle Andjus
- Center for Laser Microscopy, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, PB 52, 10001 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Fabrizio Fiori
- Department of Applied Physics, Università Politecnica delle Marche - Di.S.C.O., Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Mathias Hoehn
- Institut für Neurowissenschaften und Medizin, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Leo-Brandt-Str. 5, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Dinko Mitrecic
- Laboratory for Stem Cells, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mojca Pavlin
- Group for Nano and Biotechnological Applications, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Trzaska cesta 25, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Stefano Cavalli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Caterina Frati
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Federico Quaini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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26
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27
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O'Sullivan JDB, Cruickshank SM, Withers PJ, Else KJ. Morphological variability in the mucosal attachment site of Trichuris muris revealed by X-ray microcomputed tomography. Int J Parasitol 2021; 51:797-807. [PMID: 34216623 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2021.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Parasitic infections can be challenging to study because two dimensional light and electron microscopy are often limited in visualising complex and inaccessible attachment sites. Exemplifying this, Trichuris spp. inhabit a tunnel of epithelial cells within the host caecum and colon. A significant global burden of this infection persists, partly because available anthelminthics lack efficacy, although the mechanisms underlying this remain unknown. Consequently, there is a need to pioneer new approaches to better characterize the parasite niche within the host and investigate how variation in its morphology and integrity may contribute to resistance to therapeutic intervention. To address these aims, we exploited three-dimensional X-ray micro-computed tomography (microCT) to image the mouse whipworm, Trichuris muris, in caeca of wild-type C57BL/6 and SCID mice ex vivo. Using osmium tetroxide staining to effectively enhance the contrast of worms, we found that a subset exhibited preferential positioning towards the bases of the intestinal crypts. Moreover, in one rare event, we demonstrated whipworm traversal of the lamina propria. This morphological variability contradicts widely accepted conclusions from conventional microscopy of the parasite niche, showing Trichuris in close contact with the host proliferative and immune compartments that may facilitate immunomodulation. Furthermore, by using a skeletonization-based approach we demonstrate considerable variation in tunnel length and integrity. The qualitative and quantitative observations provide a new morphological point of reference for future in vitro study of host-Trichuris interactions, and highlight the potential of microCT to characterise enigmatic host-parasite interactions more accurately.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D B O'Sullivan
- Henry Royce Institute, Department of Materials, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom; Lydia Becker Institute for Immunology and Inflammation, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Sheena M Cruickshank
- Lydia Becker Institute for Immunology and Inflammation, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Philip J Withers
- Henry Royce Institute, Department of Materials, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Kathryn J Else
- Lydia Becker Institute for Immunology and Inflammation, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, M13 9PT, United Kingdom.
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28
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Munck S, Swoger J, Coll-Lladó M, Gritti N, Vande Velde G. Maximizing content across scales: Moving multimodal microscopy and mesoscopy toward molecular imaging. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2021; 63:188-199. [PMID: 34198170 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Molecular imaging aims to depict the molecules in living patients. However, because this aim is still far beyond reach, patchworks of different solutions need to be used to tackle this overarching goal. From the vast toolbox of imaging techniques, we focus on those recent advances in optical microscopy that image molecules and cells at the submicron to centimeter scale. Mesoscopic imaging covers the "imaging gap" between techniques such as confocal microscopy and magnetic resonance imagingthat image entire live samples but with limited resolution. Microscopy focuses on the cellular level; mesoscopy visualizes the organization of molecules and cells into tissues and organs. The correlation between these techniques allows us to combine disciplines ranging from whole body imaging to basic research of model systems. We review current developments focused on improving microscopic and mesoscopic imaging technologies and on hardware and software that push the current sensitivity and resolution boundaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Munck
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Light Microscopy Expertise Unit & VIB BioImaging Core, O&N4 Herestraat 49 box 602, Leuven, 3000, Belgium; KU Leuven Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, O&N4 Herestraat 49 box 602, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Jim Swoger
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) Barcelona, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | | | - Nicola Gritti
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) Barcelona, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Greetje Vande Velde
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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29
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Albers J, Svetlove A, Alves J, Kraupner A, di Lillo F, Markus MA, Tromba G, Alves F, Dullin C. Elastic transformation of histological slices allows precise co-registration with microCT data sets for a refined virtual histology approach. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10846. [PMID: 34035350 PMCID: PMC8149420 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89841-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although X-ray based 3D virtual histology is an emerging tool for the analysis of biological tissue, it falls short in terms of specificity when compared to conventional histology. Thus, the aim was to establish a novel approach that combines 3D information provided by microCT with high specificity that only (immuno-)histochemistry can offer. For this purpose, we developed a software frontend, which utilises an elastic transformation technique to accurately co-register various histological and immunohistochemical stainings with free propagation phase contrast synchrotron radiation microCT. We demonstrate that the precision of the overlay of both imaging modalities is significantly improved by performing our elastic registration workflow, as evidenced by calculation of the displacement index. To illustrate the need for an elastic co-registration approach we examined specimens from a mouse model of breast cancer with injected metal-based nanoparticles. Using the elastic transformation pipeline, we were able to co-localise the nanoparticles to specifically stained cells or tissue structures into their three-dimensional anatomical context. Additionally, we performed a semi-automated tissue structure and cell classification. This workflow provides new insights on histopathological analysis by combining CT specific three-dimensional information with cell/tissue specific information provided by classical histology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Albers
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Angelika Svetlove
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Translational Molecular Imaging, Max-Planck-Institute for Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Justus Alves
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | | | - M Andrea Markus
- Translational Molecular Imaging, Max-Planck-Institute for Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Frauke Alves
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Translational Molecular Imaging, Max-Planck-Institute for Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany.,Clinic for Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christian Dullin
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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30
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X-ray Dark-Field Imaging (XDFI)-a Promising Tool for 3D Virtual Histopathology. Mol Imaging Biol 2021; 23:481-494. [PMID: 33624229 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-020-01577-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
X-ray dark-field imaging (XDFI) utilizing a thin silicon crystal under Laue case enables visualizing three-dimensional (3D) morphological alterations of human tissue. XDFI uses refraction-contrast derived from phase shift rather than absorption as the main X-ray image contrast source to render 2D and 3D images of tissue specimens in unprecedented detail. The unique features of XDFI are its extremely high sensitivity (approximately 1000:1 compared to absorption for soft tissues under X-ray energy of around 20 keV, theoretically) and excellent resolution (8.5 μm) without requiring contrast medium or staining. Thus, XDFI-computed tomography can generate 3D virtual histological images equivalent to those of stained histological sections pathologists observe under low-power light microscopy as far as organs and tissues selected as samples in preliminary studies. This paper reviews the fundamental principles and the potential of XDFI, describes two optical setups for XDFI with examples, illustrates features of XDFI that are salient for histopathology, and presents XDFI examples of refraction-contrast images of atherosclerotic plaques, musculoskeletal tissue, neuronal tissue, and breast cancer specimens. Availability of this X-ray imaging in routine histopathological evaluations of tissue specimens would help guide clinical decision making by highlighting suspicious areas in unstained, thick sections for further sampling and analysis using conventional histopathological techniques. XDFI is a promising tool for 3D virtual histopathology.
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31
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Nguyen DT, Larsen TC, Wang M, Knutsen RH, Yang Z, Bennett EE, Mazilu D, Yu ZX, Tao X, Donahue DR, Gharib AM, Bleck CKE, Moss J, Remaley AT, Kozel BA, Wen H. X-ray microtomosynthesis of unstained pathology tissue samples. J Microsc 2021; 283:9-20. [PMID: 33482682 PMCID: PMC8248055 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.13003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In pathology protocols, a tissue block, such as one containing a mouse brain or a biopsy sample from a patient, can produce several hundred thin sections. Substantial time may be required to analyse all sections. In cases of uncertainty regarding which sections to focus on, noninvasive scout imaging of intact blocks can help in guiding the pathology procedure. The scouting step is ideally done in a time window of minutes without special sample preparation that may interfere with the pathology procedures. The challenge is to obtain some visibility of unstained tissue structures at sub‐10 µm resolution. We explored a novel x‐ray tomosynthesis method as a way to maximise contrast‐to‐noise ratio, a determinant of tissue visibility. It provided a z‐stack of thousands of images at 7.3 μm resolution (10% contrast, half‐period of 68.5 line pairs/mm), in scans of 5‐15 minutes. When compared with micro‐CT scans, the straight‐line tomosynthesis scan did not need to rotate the sample, which allowed flat samples, such as paraffin blocks, to be kept as close as possible to the x‐ray source. Thus, given the same hardware, scan time and resolution, this mode maximised the photon flux density through the sample, which helped in maximising the contrast‐to‐noise ratio. The tradeoff of tomosynthesis is incomplete 3D information. The microtomosynthesis scanner has scanned 110 unstained human and animal tissue samples as part of their respective pathology protocols. In all cases, the z‐stack of images showed tissue structures that guided sectioning or provided correlative structural information. We describe six examples that presented different levels of visibility of soft tissue structures. Additionally, in a set of coronary artery samples from an HIV patient donor, microtomosynthesis made a new discovery of isolated focal calcification in the internal elastic lamina of coronary wall, which was the onset of medial calcific sclerosis in the arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- David T Nguyen
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Muyang Wang
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Russel H Knutsen
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Zhihong Yang
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Eric E Bennett
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Dumitru Mazilu
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Zu-Xi Yu
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Xi Tao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Danielle R Donahue
- Mouse Imaging Facility, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ahmed M Gharib
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Christopher K E Bleck
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Joel Moss
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Alan T Remaley
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Beth A Kozel
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Han Wen
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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32
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Karpati S, Hubert V, Hristovska I, Lerouge F, Chaput F, Bretonnière Y, Andraud C, Banyasz A, Micouin G, Monteil M, Lecouvey M, Mercey-Ressejac M, Dey AK, Marche PN, Lindgren M, Pascual O, Wiart M, Parola S. Hybrid multimodal contrast agent for multiscale in vivo investigation of neuroinflammation. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:3767-3781. [PMID: 33555278 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr07026b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a process common to several brain pathologies. Despites its medical relevance, it still remains poorly understood; there is therefore a need to develop new in vivo preclinical imaging strategies to monitor inflammatory processes longitudinally. We here present the development of a hybrid imaging nanoprobe named NP3, that was specifically designed to get internalized by phagocytic cells and imaged in vivo with MRI and bi-photon microscopy. NP3 is composed of a 16 nm core of gadolinium fluoride (GdF3), coated with bisphosphonate polyethylene glycol (PEG) and functionalized with a Lemke-type fluorophore. It has a hydrodynamic diameter of 28 ± 8 nm and a zeta potential of -42 ± 6 mV. The MR relaxivity ratio at 7 T is r1/r2 = 20; therefore, NP3 is well suited as a T2/T2* contrast agent. In vitro cytotoxicity assessments performed on four human cell lines revealed no toxic effects of NP3. In addition, NP3 is internalized by macrophages in vitro without inducing inflammation or cytotoxicity. In vivo, uptake of NP3 has been observed in the spleen and the liver. NP3 has a prolonged vascular remanence, which is an advantage for macrophage uptake in vivo. The proof-of-concept that NP3 may be used as a contrast agent targeting phagocytic cells is provided in an animal model of ischemic stroke in transgenic CX3CR1-GFP/+ mice using three complementary imaging modalities: MRI, intravital two-photon microscopy and phase contrast imaging with synchrotron X-rays. In summary, NP3 is a promising preclinical tool for the multiscale and multimodal investigation of neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szilvia Karpati
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie, 46 allée d'Italie, F69364 Lyon, France.
| | - Violaine Hubert
- Univ-Lyon, CarMeN laboratory, Inserm U1060, INRA U1397, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, F-69600, Oullins, France
| | - Inès Hristovska
- Institut NeuroMyoGène, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5310, INSERM U1217, Université Lyon, Villeurbanne 69100, France
| | - Frédéric Lerouge
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie, 46 allée d'Italie, F69364 Lyon, France.
| | - Frédéric Chaput
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie, 46 allée d'Italie, F69364 Lyon, France.
| | - Yann Bretonnière
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie, 46 allée d'Italie, F69364 Lyon, France.
| | - Chantal Andraud
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie, 46 allée d'Italie, F69364 Lyon, France.
| | - Akos Banyasz
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie, 46 allée d'Italie, F69364 Lyon, France.
| | - Guillaume Micouin
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie, 46 allée d'Italie, F69364 Lyon, France.
| | - Maëlle Monteil
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Laboratoire CSPBAT, CNRS UMR 7244, F-93017 Bobigny Cedex, France
| | - Marc Lecouvey
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Laboratoire CSPBAT, CNRS UMR 7244, F-93017 Bobigny Cedex, France
| | - Marion Mercey-Ressejac
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Université Grenoble-Alpes, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, La Tronche, France
| | - Arindam K Dey
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Université Grenoble-Alpes, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, La Tronche, France
| | - Patrice N Marche
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Université Grenoble-Alpes, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, La Tronche, France
| | - Mikael Lindgren
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology - Department of Physics, Høgskoleringen 5, Realfagbygget, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Olivier Pascual
- Institut NeuroMyoGène, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5310, INSERM U1217, Université Lyon, Villeurbanne 69100, France
| | - Marlène Wiart
- Univ-Lyon, CarMeN laboratory, Inserm U1060, INRA U1397, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, F-69600, Oullins, France
| | - Stephane Parola
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie, 46 allée d'Italie, F69364 Lyon, France.
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33
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X-ray dark-field phase-contrast imaging: Origins of the concept to practical implementation and applications. Phys Med 2020; 79:188-208. [PMID: 33342666 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2020.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The basic idea of X-ray dark-field imaging (XDFI), first presented in 2000, was based on the concepts used in an X-ray interferometer. In this article, we review 20 years of developments in our theoretical understanding, scientific instrumentation, and experimental demonstration of XDFI and its applications to medical imaging. We first describe the concepts underlying XDFI that are responsible for imparting phase contrast information in projection X-ray images. We then review the algorithms that can convert these projection phase images into three-dimensional tomographic slices. Various implementations of computed tomography reconstructions algorithms for XDFI data are discussed. The next four sections describe and illustrate potential applications of XDFI in pathology, musculoskeletal imaging, oncologic imaging, and neuroimaging. The sample applications that are presented illustrate potential use scenarios for XDFI in histopathology and other clinical applications. Finally, the last section presents future perspectives and potential technical developments that can make XDFI an even more powerful tool.
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34
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Tkachev SY, Mitrin BI, Karnaukhov NS, Sadyrin EV, Voloshin MV, Maksimov AY, Goncharova AS, Lukbanova EA, Zaikina EV, Volkova AV, Khodakova DV, Mindar MV, Yengibarian MA, Protasova TP, Kit SO, Ermakov AM, Chapek SV, Tkacheva MS. Visualization of different anatomical parts of the enucleated human eye using X-ray micro-CT imaging. Exp Eye Res 2020; 203:108394. [PMID: 33310058 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.108394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Micro-CT visualization allows reconstruction of eye structures with the resolution of light microscopy and estimation of tissue densities. Moreover, this method excludes damaging procedures and allows further histological staining due to the similar steps in the beginning. We have shown the feasibility of the lab-based micro-CT machine usage for visualization of clinically important compartments of human eye such as trabecular outflow pathway, retina, iris and ciliary body after pre-treatment with iodine in ethanol. We also identified the challenges of applying this contrasting technique to lens, cornea, and retina and proposed alternative staining methods for these tissues. Thereby this work provides a starting point for other studies for imaging of human eyes in normal and pathological conditions using lab-based micro-CT systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Y Tkachev
- National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russia.
| | | | | | | | | | - Alexey Y Maksimov
- National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Anna S Goncharova
- National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | | | | | | | - Darya V Khodakova
- National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Maria V Mindar
- National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | | | | | - Sergey O Kit
- National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | | | | | - Marina S Tkacheva
- National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
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Eckermann M, Peruzzi N, Frohn J, Bech M, Englund E, Veress B, Salditt T, Dahlin LB, Ohlsson B. 3d phase-contrast nanotomography of unstained human skin biopsies may identify morphological differences in the dermis and epidermis between subjects. Skin Res Technol 2020; 27:316-323. [PMID: 33022848 PMCID: PMC8246570 DOI: 10.1111/srt.12974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enteric neuropathy is described in most patients with gastrointestinal dysmotility and may be found together with reduced intraepidermal nerve fiber density (IENFD). The aim of this pilot study was to assess whether three-dimensional (3d) imaging of skin biopsies could be used to examine various tissue components in patients with gastrointestinal dysmotility. MATERIAL AND METHODS Four dysmotility patients of different etiology and two healthy volunteers were included. From each subject, two 3-mm punch skin biopsies were stained with antibodies against protein gene product 9.5 or evaluated as a whole with two X-ray phase-contrast computed tomography (CT) setups, a laboratory µCT setup and a dedicated synchrotron radiation nanoCT end-station. RESULTS Two patients had reduced IENFD, and two normal IENFD, compared with controls. µCT and X-ray phase-contrast holographic nanotomography scanned whole tissue specimens, with optional high-resolution scans revealing delicate structures, without differentiation of various fibers and cells. Irregular architecture of dermal fibers was observed in the patient with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and the patient with idiopathic dysmotility showed an abundance of mesenchymal ground substance. CONCLUSIONS 3d phase-contrast tomographic imaging may be useful to illustrate traits of connective tissue dysfunction in various organs and to demonstrate whether disorganized dermal fibers could explain organ dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Eckermann
- Institute for X-Ray Physics, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Niccolò Peruzzi
- Medical Radiation Physics, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jasper Frohn
- Institute for X-Ray Physics, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Martin Bech
- Medical Radiation Physics, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Elisabet Englund
- Division of Oncology and Pathology, Skane University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Béla Veress
- Department of Pathology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Tim Salditt
- Institute for X-Ray Physics, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lars B Dahlin
- Department of Translational Medicine - Hand Surgery, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.,Department of Hand Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Bodil Ohlsson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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36
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Tielemans B, Dekoster K, Verleden SE, Sawall S, Leszczyński B, Laperre K, Vanstapel A, Verschakelen J, Kachelriess M, Verbeken E, Swoger J, Vande Velde G. From Mouse to Man and Back: Closing the Correlation Gap between Imaging and Histopathology for Lung Diseases. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:E636. [PMID: 32859103 PMCID: PMC7554749 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10090636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung diseases such as fibrosis, asthma, cystic fibrosis, infection and cancer are life-threatening conditions that slowly deteriorate quality of life and for which our diagnostic power is high, but our knowledge on etiology and/or effective treatment options still contains important gaps. In the context of day-to-day practice, clinical and preclinical studies, clinicians and basic researchers team up and continuously strive to increase insights into lung disease progression, diagnostic and treatment options. To unravel disease processes and to test novel therapeutic approaches, investigators typically rely on end-stage procedures such as serum analysis, cyto-/chemokine profiles and selective tissue histology from animal models. These techniques are useful but provide only a snapshot of disease processes that are essentially dynamic in time and space. Technology allowing evaluation of live animals repeatedly is indispensable to gain a better insight into the dynamics of lung disease progression and treatment effects. Computed tomography (CT) is a clinical diagnostic imaging technique that can have enormous benefits in a research context too. Yet, the implementation of imaging techniques in laboratories lags behind. In this review we want to showcase the integrated approaches and novel developments in imaging, lung functional testing and pathological techniques that are used to assess, diagnose, quantify and treat lung disease and that may be employed in research on patients and animals. Imaging approaches result in often novel anatomical and functional biomarkers, resulting in many advantages, such as better insight in disease progression and a reduction in the numbers of animals necessary. We here showcase integrated assessment of lung disease with imaging and histopathological technologies, applied to the example of lung fibrosis. Better integration of clinical and preclinical imaging technologies with pathology will ultimately result in improved clinical translation of (therapy) study results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birger Tielemans
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (B.T.); (K.D.); (J.V.); (E.V.)
| | - Kaat Dekoster
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (B.T.); (K.D.); (J.V.); (E.V.)
| | - Stijn E. Verleden
- Department of CHROMETA, BREATHE lab, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (S.E.V.); (A.V.)
| | - Stefan Sawall
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), X-Ray Imaging and CT, Heidelberg University, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany; (S.S.); (M.K.)
| | - Bartosz Leszczyński
- Department of Medical Physics, M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, 31-007 Kraków, Poland;
| | | | - Arno Vanstapel
- Department of CHROMETA, BREATHE lab, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (S.E.V.); (A.V.)
| | - Johny Verschakelen
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (B.T.); (K.D.); (J.V.); (E.V.)
| | - Marc Kachelriess
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), X-Ray Imaging and CT, Heidelberg University, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany; (S.S.); (M.K.)
| | - Erik Verbeken
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (B.T.); (K.D.); (J.V.); (E.V.)
| | - Jim Swoger
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) Barcelona, 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Greetje Vande Velde
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (B.T.); (K.D.); (J.V.); (E.V.)
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37
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Kolosova K, Gao Q, Tuznik M, Bouhabel S, Kost KM, Wang H, Li-Jessen NYK, Mongeau L, Wiseman PW. Characterizing Vocal Fold Injury Recovery in a Rabbit Model With Three-Dimensional Virtual Histology. Laryngoscope 2020; 131:1578-1587. [PMID: 32809236 DOI: 10.1002/lary.29028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS In animal studies of vocal fold scarring and treatment, imaging-based evaluation is most often conducted by tissue slicing and histological staining. Given variation in anatomy, injury type, severity, and sacrifice timepoints, planar histological sections provide limited spatiotemporal details of tissue repair. Three-dimensional (3D) virtual histology may provide additional contextual spatial information, enhancing objective interpretation. The study's aim was to evaluate the suitability of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), microscale computed tomography (CT), and nonlinear laser-scanning microscopy (NM) as virtual histology approaches for rabbit studies of vocal fold scarring. METHODS A unilateral injury was created using microcup forceps in the left vocal fold of three New Zealand White rabbits. Animals were sacrificed at 3, 10, and 39 days postinjury. ex vivo imaging of excised larynges was performed with MRI, CT, and NM modalities. RESULTS The MRI modality allowed visualization of injury location and morphological internal features with 100-μm spatial resolution. The CT modality provided a view of the injury defect surface with 12-μm spatial resolution. The NM modality with optical clearing resolved second-harmonic generation signal of collagen fibers and two-photon autofluorescence in vocal fold lamina propria, muscle, and surrounding cartilage structures at submicrometer spatial scales. CONCLUSIONS Features of vocal fold injury and wound healing were observed with MRI, CT, and NM. The MRI and CT modalities provided contextual spatial information and dissection guidance, whereas NM resolved extracellular matrix structure. The results serve as a proof of concept to motivate incorporation of 3D virtual histology techniques in future vocal fold injury animal studies. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA Laryngoscope, 131:1578-1587, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ksenia Kolosova
- Department of Physics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Qiman Gao
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marius Tuznik
- Small Animal Imaging Laboratory of the McConnell Brain Imaging Centre at the Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sarah Bouhabel
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Karen M Kost
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Huijie Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nicole Y K Li-Jessen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Luc Mongeau
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Paul W Wiseman
- Department of Physics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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38
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Yokawa K, Hoshino M, Yagi N, Nakashima Y, Nakagawa K, Okita Y, Okada K, Tsukube T. Synchrotron Radiation-based X-ray phase-contrast imaging of the aortic walls in acute aortic dissection. JVS Vasc Sci 2020; 1:81-91. [PMID: 34617040 PMCID: PMC8489206 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvssci.2020.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Synchrotron radiation-based X-ray phase-contrast tomography (XPCT) imaging is an innovative modality for the quantitative analysis of three-dimensional morphology. XPCT has been used in this study to evaluate ascending aorta specimens from patients with acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) and to analyze the morphologic structure of the aortic wall in patients with this condition. Methods Aortic specimens from 12 patients were obtained during repairs for ATAAD and were fixed with formalin. Five patients had Marfan syndrome (MFS), and seven did not. In addition, six normal aortas were obtained from autopsies. Using XPCT (effective pixel size, 12.5 μm; density resolution, 1 mg/cm3), the density of the tunica media (TM) in each sample was measured at eight points. The specimens were subsequently analyzed pathologically. Results The density of the TM was almost constant within each normal aorta (mean, 1.081 ± 0.001 g/cm3). The mean density was significantly lower in the ATAAD aortas without MFS (1.066 ± 0.003 g/cm3; P < .0001) and differed significantly between the intimal and adventitial sides (1.063 ± 0.003 vs 1.074 ± 0.002 g/cm3, respectively; P < .0001). The overall density of the TM was significantly higher in the ATAAD aortas with MFS than those without MFS (1.079 ± 0.008 g/cm3; P = .0003), and greater variation and markedly different distributions were observed in comparison with the normal aortas. These density variations were consistent with the pathologic findings, including the presence of cystic medial necrosis and malalignment of the elastic lamina in the ATAAD aortas with and without MFS. Conclusions XPCT exhibited differences in the structure of the aortic wall in aortic dissection specimens with and without MFS and in normal aortas. Medial density was homogeneous in the normal aortas, markedly varied in those with MFS, and was significantly lower and different among those without MFS. These changes may be present in the TM before the onset of aortic dissection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Yokawa
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masato Hoshino
- Research & Utilization Division, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute/SPring-8, Sayo, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Naoto Yagi
- Research & Utilization Division, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute/SPring-8, Sayo, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Nakashima
- Division of Pathology, Japanese Red Cross Fukuoka Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazunori Nakagawa
- Pathophysiological and Experimental Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yutaka Okita
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kenji Okada
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takuro Tsukube
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Kobe Hospital, Kobe, Japan
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Ferstl S, Busse M, Muller M, Kimm MA, Drecoll E, Burkner T, Allner S, Dierolf M, Pfeiffer D, Rummeny EJ, Weichert W, Pfeiffer F. Revealing the Microscopic Structure of Human Renal Cell Carcinoma in Three Dimensions. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING 2020; 39:1494-1500. [PMID: 31714220 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2019.2952028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
For fully characterizing renal cell carcinoma (RCC), information about the 3D tissue microstructure is essential. Histopathology, which represents the current diagnostic gold standard, is destructive and only provides 2D information. 3D X-ray histology endeavors to overcome these limitations by generating 3D data. In a laboratory environment, most techniques struggle with limited resolution and the weak X-ray attenuation contrast of soft tissue. We recently developed a laboratory-based method combining nanoscopic X-ray CT with a cytoplasm-specific X-ray stain. Here, we present the application of this method to human RCC biopsies. The NanoCT slices enable pathological characterization of crucial structures by reproducing tissue morphology with a similar detail level as corresponding histological light microscopy images. Beyond that, our data offer deeper insights into the 3D configuration of the tumor. By demonstrating the compatibility of the X-ray stain with standard pathological stains, we highlight the feasibility of integrating staining based NanoCT into the pathological routine.
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40
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Katsamenis OL, Olding M, Warner JA, Chatelet DS, Jones MG, Sgalla G, Smit B, Larkin OJ, Haig I, Richeldi L, Sinclair I, Lackie PM, Schneider P. X-ray Micro-Computed Tomography for Nondestructive Three-Dimensional (3D) X-ray Histology. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2019; 189:1608-1620. [PMID: 31125553 PMCID: PMC6680277 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Historically, micro-computed tomography (μCT) has been considered unsuitable for histologic analysis of unstained formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded soft tissue biopsy specimens because of a lack of image contrast between the tissue and the paraffin. However, we recently demonstrated that μCT can successfully resolve microstructural detail in routinely prepared tissue specimens. Herein, we illustrate how μCT imaging of standard formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded biopsy specimens can be seamlessly integrated into conventional histology workflows, enabling nondestructive three-dimensional (3D) X-ray histology, the use and benefits of which we showcase for the exemplar of human lung biopsy specimens. This technology advancement was achieved through manufacturing a first-of-kind μCT scanner for X-ray histology and developing optimized imaging protocols, which do not require any additional sample preparation. 3D X-ray histology allows for nondestructive 3D imaging of tissue microstructure, resolving structural connectivity and heterogeneity of complex tissue networks, such as the vascular network or the respiratory tract. We also demonstrate that 3D X-ray histology can yield consistent and reproducible image quality, enabling quantitative assessment of a tissue's 3D microstructures, which is inaccessible to conventional two-dimensional histology. Being nondestructive, the technique does not interfere with histology workflows, permitting subsequent tissue characterization by means of conventional light microscopy-based histology, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence. 3D X-ray histology can be readily applied to a plethora of archival materials, yielding unprecedented opportunities in diagnosis and research of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orestis L Katsamenis
- μ-VIS X-ray Imaging Centre, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.
| | - Michael Olding
- Biomedical Imaging Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Jane A Warner
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - David S Chatelet
- Biomedical Imaging Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Mark G Jones
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; National Institute for Health Research Respiratory Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Giacomo Sgalla
- National Institute for Health Research Respiratory Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Bennie Smit
- Nikon X-Tek Systems Ltd., Tring, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ian Haig
- Nikon X-Tek Systems Ltd., Tring, United Kingdom
| | - Luca Richeldi
- National Institute for Health Research Respiratory Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Sinclair
- μ-VIS X-ray Imaging Centre, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; Engineering Materials Research Group, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Peter M Lackie
- Biomedical Imaging Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Philipp Schneider
- μ-VIS X-ray Imaging Centre, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; Bioengineering Science Research Group, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.
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41
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Jian J, Zhao X, Qin L, Zhao Y, Sun M, Lv W, Hu C. Three-dimensional visualization of fibrous tissues in cirrhotic rats via X-ray phase-contrast computed tomography with iodine staining. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2019; 26:1354-1360. [PMID: 31274464 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577519006064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To accurately characterize cirrhosis, knowledge of the 3D fibrous structures is essential. Histology is the gold standard in cirrhosis screening, but it mainly provides structural information in 2D planes and destroys the 3D samples in the process. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of X-ray phase-contrast computed tomography (PCCT) with iodine staining for the 3D nondestructive visualization of internal structural details in entire cirrhotic livers with histopathologic correlation. In this study, cirrhotic livers induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in rats were imaged via PCCT and then histopathologically processed. Characteristics of the cirrhosis, i.e. abnormal nodules surrounded by annular fibrosis, were established and a 3D reconstruction of these structures was also performed via PCCT. Fibrosis area, septal width and nodular size were measured and the correlation for these quantitative measurements between PCCT and histopathologic findings was analyzed. The results showed that fibrous bands, small nodules and angio-architecture in cirrhosis were clearly presented in the PCCT images, with histopathologic findings as standard reference. In comparison with histopathology, PCCT was associated with a very close value for fibrosis area, septal width and nodular size. The quantitative measurements showed a strong correlation between PCCT and histopathology. Additionally, the 3D structures of fibrous bands and microvasculature were presented simultaneously. PCCT provides excellent results in the assessment of cirrhosis characteristics and 3D presentation of these feature structures compared with histopathology. Thus, the technique may serve as an adjunct nondestructive 3D modality for cirrhosis characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Jian
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyan Zhao
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Qin
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqing Zhao
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengyu Sun
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjuan Lv
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunhong Hu
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, People's Republic of China
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Tesařová M, Mancini L, Simon A, Adameyko I, Kaucká M, Elewa A, Lanzafame G, Zhang Y, Kalasová D, Szarowská B, Zikmund T, Novotná M, Kaiser J. A quantitative analysis of 3D-cell distribution in regenerating muscle-skeletal system with synchrotron X-ray computed microtomography. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14145. [PMID: 30237460 PMCID: PMC6148031 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32459-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the greatest enigmas of modern biology is how the geometry of muscular and skeletal structures are created and how their development is controlled during growth and regeneration. Scaling and shaping of vertebrate muscles and skeletal elements has always been enigmatic and required an advanced technical level in order to analyse the cell distribution in 3D. In this work, synchrotron X-ray computed microtomography (µCT) and chemical contrasting has been exploited for a quantitative analysis of the 3D-cell distribution in tissues of a developing salamander (Pleurodeles waltl) limb – a key model organism for vertebrate regeneration studies. We mapped the limb muscles, their size and shape as well as the number and density of cells within the extracellular matrix of the developing cartilage. By using tomographic approach, we explored the polarity of the cells in 3D, in relation to the structure of developing joints. We found that the polarity of chondrocytes correlates with the planes in joint surfaces and also changes along the length of the cartilaginous elements. Our approach generates data for the precise computer simulations of muscle-skeletal regeneration using cell dynamics models, which is necessary for the understanding how anisotropic growth results in the precise shapes of skeletal structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markéta Tesařová
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lucia Mancini
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Andras Simon
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, 171777, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Igor Adameyko
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, 171777, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markéta Kaucká
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, 171777, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ahmed Elewa
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, 171777, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, 171777, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Dominika Kalasová
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Bára Szarowská
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, 171777, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tomáš Zikmund
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Novotná
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jozef Kaiser
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic.
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