1
|
Du S, Xiong W. Weather Extremes Shock Maize Production: Current Approaches and Future Research Directions in Africa. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1585. [PMID: 38931017 PMCID: PMC11207875 DOI: 10.3390/plants13121585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Extreme weather events have led to widespread yield losses and significant global economic damage in recent decades. African agriculture is particularly vulnerable due to its harsh environments and limited adaptation capacity. This systematic review analyzes 96 articles from Web of Science, Science Direct, and Google Scholar, focusing on biophysical studies related to maize in Africa and worldwide. We investigated the observed and projected extreme weather events in Africa, their impacts on maize production, and the approaches used to assess these effects. Our analysis reveals that drought, heatwaves, and floods are major threats to African maize production, impacting yields, suitable cultivation areas, and farmers' livelihoods. While studies have employed various methods, including field experiments, statistical models, and process-based modeling, African research is often limited by data gaps and technological constraints. We identify three main gaps: (i) lack of reliable long-term experimental and empirical data, (ii) limited access to advanced climate change adaptation technologies, and (iii) insufficient knowledge about specific extreme weather patterns and their interactions with management regimes. This review highlights the urgent need for targeted research in Africa to improve understanding of extreme weather impacts and formulate effective adaptation strategies. We advocate for focused research on data collection, technology transfer, and integration of local knowledge with new technologies to bolster maize resilience and food security in Africa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaolong Du
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China;
| | - Wei Xiong
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bai Y, Zhao X, Yao X, Yao Y, Li X, Hou L, An L, Wu K, Wang Z. Comparative transcriptome analysis of major lodging resistant factors in hulless barley. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1230792. [PMID: 37905169 PMCID: PMC10613528 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1230792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Hulless barley (Hordeum vulgare L. var. nudum Hook. f.), belonging to the genus Gramineae, has high and steady output and thus considered as a principal food crop by Tibetan people. Hulless barley grain can be used for food, brewing, and functional health product development, while its straw serves as an essential supplementary forage and is a crucial cereal crop. Lodging can reduce the yield and quality of barley grain and straw, and it hinders mechanical harvesting. It is a significant factor affecting high and stable yields of barley. Unlike other Poaceae plants (such as rice, wheat), hulless barley is mainly grown in high-altitude regions, where it is susceptible to low temperatures, strong winds, and heavy rainfall. As a result, its stem lodging resistance is relatively weak, making it prone to lodging during the growth period. In this study, we observed that the lignin concentration and the contents of lignin monomers (H, S, and G), and neutral detergent fibre of the lodging-resistant variety Kunlun14 were substantially greater than those of the lodging-sensitive variety Menyuanlianglan. We performed the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and Short Time-series Expression Miner (STEM) analysis of both the lodging-resistant and lodging-sensitive varieties. Through transcriptome sequencing analysis at different developmental stages, combined with the previously annotated genes related to lodging resistance, a total of 72 DEGs were identified. Among these DEGs, 17 genes were related to lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose synthesis or regulation, including five transcription factors about NAC, MYB and WRKY. Our results provide a basis for further exploring the molecular mechanism of stem lodging resistance in hulless barley and provide valuable gene resources for stem lodging resistance molecular breeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yixiong Bai
- Qinghai University, Qinghai Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley Genetics and Breeding, Xining, Qinghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhao
- Qinghai University, Qinghai Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley Genetics and Breeding, Xining, Qinghai, China
- Good Agricultural Practices Research Center of Traditional, Chongqing Institute of Medicinal Plant Cultivation, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaohua Yao
- Qinghai University, Qinghai Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley Genetics and Breeding, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Youhua Yao
- Qinghai University, Qinghai Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley Genetics and Breeding, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Xin Li
- Qinghai University, Qinghai Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley Genetics and Breeding, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Lu Hou
- Qinghai University, Qinghai Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley Genetics and Breeding, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Likun An
- Qinghai University, Qinghai Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley Genetics and Breeding, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Kunlun Wu
- Qinghai University, Qinghai Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley Genetics and Breeding, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Zhonghua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wei H, Song Z, Xie Y, Cheng H, Yan H, Sun F, Liu H, Shen J, Li L, He X, Wang H, Luo K. High temperature inhibits vascular development via the PIF4-miR166-HB15 module in Arabidopsis. Curr Biol 2023; 33:3203-3214.e4. [PMID: 37442138 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
The plant vascular system is an elaborate network of conducting and supporting tissues that extends throughout the plant body, and its structure and function must be orchestrated with different environmental conditions. Under high temperature, plants display thin and lodging stems that may lead to decreased yield and quality of crops. However, the molecular mechanism underlying high-temperature-mediated regulation of vascular development is not known. Here, we show that Arabidopsis plants overexpressing the basic-helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 4 (PIF4), a central regulator of high-temperature signaling, display fewer vascular bundles (VBs) and decreased secondary cell wall (SCW) thickening, mimicking the lodging inflorescence stems of high-temperature-grown wild-type plants. Rising temperature and elevated PIF4 expression reduced the expression of MIR166 and, concomitantly, elevated the expression of the downstream class III homeodomain leucine-zipper (HD-ZIP III) family gene HB15. Consistently, knockdown of miR166 and overexpression of HB15 led to inhibition of vascular development and SCW formation, whereas the hb15 mutant displayed the opposite phenotype in response to high temperature. Moreover, in vitro and in vivo assays verified that PIF4 binds to the promoters of several MIR166 genes and represses their expression. Our study establishes a direct functional link between PIF4 and the miR166-HB15 module in modulating vascular development and SCW thickening and consequently stem-lodging susceptibility at elevated temperatures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Wei
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhi Song
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yurong Xie
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hongli Cheng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Huiting Yan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Fan Sun
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Huajie Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Junlong Shen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Laigeng Li
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xinhua He
- Centre of Excellence for Soil Biology, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Haiyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Keming Luo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Eco-environments of Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kocaoglan EG, Radhakrishnan D, Nakayama N. Synthetic developmental biology: molecular tools to re-design plant shoots and roots. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:3864-3876. [PMID: 37155965 PMCID: PMC10826796 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Plant morphology and anatomy strongly influence agricultural yield. Crop domestication has strived for desirable growth and developmental traits, such as larger and more fruits and semi-dwarf architecture. Genetic engineering has accelerated rational, purpose-driven engineering of plant development, but it can be unpredictable. Developmental pathways are complex and riddled with environmental and hormonal inputs, as well as feedback and feedforward interactions, which occur at specific times and places in a growing multicellular organism. Rational modification of plant development would probably benefit from precision engineering based on synthetic biology approaches. This review outlines recently developed synthetic biology technologies for plant systems and highlights their potential for engineering plant growth and development. Streamlined and high-capacity genetic construction methods (Golden Gate DNA Assembly frameworks and toolkits) allow fast and variation-series cloning of multigene transgene constructs. This, together with a suite of gene regulation tools (e.g. cell type-specific promoters, logic gates, and multiplex regulation systems), is starting to enable developmental pathway engineering with predictable outcomes in model plant and crop species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elif Gediz Kocaoglan
- Department of Bioengineering, Centre for Synthetic Biology, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Dhanya Radhakrishnan
- Department of Bioengineering, Centre for Synthetic Biology, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Naomi Nakayama
- Department of Bioengineering, Centre for Synthetic Biology, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tong S, Ashikari M, Nagai K, Pedersen O. Can the Wild Perennial, Rhizomatous Rice Species Oryza longistaminata be a Candidate for De Novo Domestication? RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 16:13. [PMID: 36928797 PMCID: PMC10020418 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-023-00630-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
As climate change intensifies, the development of resilient rice that can tolerate abiotic stresses is urgently needed. In nature, many wild plants have evolved a variety of mechanisms to protect themselves from environmental stresses. Wild relatives of rice may have abundant and virtually untapped genetic diversity and are an essential source of germplasm for the improvement of abiotic stress tolerance in cultivated rice. Unfortunately, the barriers of traditional breeding approaches, such as backcrossing and transgenesis, make it challenging and complex to transfer the underlying resilience traits between plants. However, de novo domestication via genome editing is a quick approach to produce rice with high yields from orphans or wild relatives. African wild rice, Oryza longistaminata, which is part of the AA-genome Oryza species has two types of propagation strategies viz. vegetative propagation via rhizome and seed propagation. It also shows tolerance to multiple types of abiotic stress, and therefore O. longistaminata is considered a key candidate of wild rice for heat, drought, and salinity tolerance, and it is also resistant to lodging. Importantly, O. longistaminata is perennial and propagates also via rhizomes both of which are traits that are highly valuable for the sustainable production of rice. Therefore, O. longistaminata may be a good candidate for de novo domestication through genome editing to obtain rice that is more climate resilient than modern elite cultivars of O. sativa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Tong
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 4, 3Rd Floor, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Motoyuki Ashikari
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Center of Nagoya University, Furo-Cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Keisuke Nagai
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Center of Nagoya University, Furo-Cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8602, Japan.
| | - Ole Pedersen
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 4, 3Rd Floor, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tang Y, Lu L, Huang X, Zhao D, Tao J. The herbaceous peony transcription factor WRKY41a promotes secondary cell wall thickening to enhance stem strength. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 191:428-445. [PMID: 36305685 PMCID: PMC9806655 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Stem bending or lodging caused by insufficient stem strength is an important limiting factor for plant production. Secondary cell walls play a crucial role in plant stem strength, but whether WRKY transcription factors can positively modulate secondary cell wall thickness are remain unknown. Here, we characterized a WRKY transcription factor PlWRKY41a from herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora), which was highly expressed in stems. PlWRKY41a functioned as a nucleus-localized transcriptional activator and enhanced stem strength by positively modulating secondary cell wall thickness. Moreover, PlWRKY41a bound to the promoter of the XYLOGLUCAN ENDOTRANSGLUCOSYLASE/HYDROLASE4 (PlXTH4) and activated the expression of PlXTH4. PlXTH4-overexpressing tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) had thicker secondary cell walls, resulting in enhanced stem strength, while PlXTH4-silenced P. lactiflora had thinner secondary cell walls, showing decreased stem strength. Additionally, PlWRKY41a directly interacted with PlMYB43 to form a protein complex, and their interaction induced the expression of PlXTH4. These data support that the PlMYB43-PlWRKY41a protein complex can directly activate the expression of PlXTH4 to enhance stem strength by modulating secondary cell wall thickness in P. lactiflora. The results will enhance our understanding of the formation mechanism of stem strength and provide a candidate gene to improve stem straightness in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Tang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Lili Lu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Xingqi Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, USA
| | - Daqiu Zhao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Jun Tao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang A, Zhao T, Hu X, Zhou Y, An Y, Pei H, Sun D, Sun G, Li C, Ren X. Identification of QTL underlying the main stem related traits in a doubled haploid barley population. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1063988. [PMID: 36531346 PMCID: PMC9751491 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1063988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Lodging reduces grain yield in cereal crops. The height, diameter and strength of stem are crucial for lodging resistance, grain yield, and photosynthate transport in barley. Understanding the genetic basis of stem benefits barley breeding. Here, we evaluated 13 stem related traits after 28 days of heading in a barley DH population in two consecutive years. Significant phenotypic correlations between lodging index (LI) and other stem traits were observed. Three mapping methods using the experimental data and the BLUP data, detected 27 stable and major QTLs, and 22 QTL clustered regions. Many QTLs were consistent with previously reported traits for grain filling rate, internodes, panicle and lodging resistance. Further, candidate genes were predicted for stable and major QTLs and were associated with plant development and adverse stress in the transition from vegetative stage to reproductive stage. This study provided potential genetic basis and new information for exploring barley stem morphology, and laid a foundation for map-based cloning and further fine mapping of these QTLs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anyong Zhang
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xue Hu
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue An
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Haiyi Pei
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dongfa Sun
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Genlou Sun
- Department of Biology, Saint Mary’s University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Chengdao Li
- College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Xifeng Ren
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bisht D, Kumar N, Singh Y, Malik R, Djalovic I, Dhaka NS, Pal N, Balyan P, Mir RR, Singh VK, Dhankher OP, Kumar U, Kumar S. Effect of stem structural characteristics and cell wall components related to stem lodging resistance in a newly identified mutant of hexaploid wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1067063. [PMID: 36483946 PMCID: PMC9723335 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1067063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In wheat, lodging is affected by anatomical and chemical characteristics of the stem cell wall. Plant characteristics determining the stem strength were measured in lodging tolerant mutant (PMW-2016-1) developed through mutation breeding utilizing hexaploid wheat cultivar, DPW-621-50. Various anatomical features, chemical composition, and mechanical strength of the culms of newly developed lodging-tolerant mutant (PMW-2016-1) and parent (DPW-621-50), were examined by light microscopy, the Klason method, prostate tester coupled with a Universal Tensile Machine, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. Significant changes in the anatomical features, including the outer radius of the stem, stem wall thickness, and the proportions of various tissues, and vascular bundles were noticed. Chemical analysis revealed that the lignin level in the PMW-2016-1 mutant was higher and exhibited superiority in stem strength compared to the DPW-621-50 parent line. The force (N) required to break the internodes of mutant PMW-2016-1 was higher than that of DPW-621-50. The results suggested that the outer stem radius, stem wall thickness, the proportion of sclerenchyma tissues, the number of large vascular bundles, and lignin content are important factors that affect the mechanical strength of wheat stems, which can be the key parameters for the selection of varieties having higher lodging tolerance. Preliminary studies on the newly identified mutant PMW-2016-1 suggested that this mutant may possess higher lodging tolerance because it has a higher stem strength than DPW-621-50 and can be used as a donor parent for the development of lodging-tolerant wheat varieties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darshana Bisht
- Molecular Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology & Genetic Engineering, College of Basic Science & Humanities, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - Naveen Kumar
- Molecular Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology & Genetic Engineering, College of Basic Science & Humanities, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - Yogita Singh
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India
| | - Rashmi Malik
- Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - Ivica Djalovic
- Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Narendra Singh Dhaka
- Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - Neeraj Pal
- Molecular Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology & Genetic Engineering, College of Basic Science & Humanities, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - Priyanka Balyan
- Department of Botany, Deva Nagri Post Graduate College, CCS University, Meerut, India
| | - Reyazul Rouf Mir
- Division of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir (SKUAST-Kashmir), Srinagar, India
| | - Vinay Kumar Singh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - Om Parkash Dhankher
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Upendra Kumar
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India
| | - Sundip Kumar
- Molecular Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology & Genetic Engineering, College of Basic Science & Humanities, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lodging resistance of rice plants studied from the perspective of culm mechanical properties, carbon framework, free volume, and chemical composition. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20026. [PMID: 36414706 PMCID: PMC9681888 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24714-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, four varieties of rice were cultivated on the same farmland under same conditions and for same duration. However, their lodging resistance was found to be obviously different from each other. Herein, three key factors that highly influenced the lodging resistance were identified. First, in terms of morphological trait, in contrast to the generally believed theory that the overall thickness of the fresh culm wall governs the strength, the thickness of the depressed region of the dried basal culm wall largely determined the mechanical properties by acting as the weak link. This depressed region represents the vulnerable part with high syneresis rate. Second, the culm and its carbon framework exhibited sufficient strength and rigidity for both support and stability of the rice stem. The constraint of high lodging resistance of rice plants is attributed to the culm flexibility. Furthermore, the results of the positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy corroborate that the most amorphous part and the highest-fraction free volume in the culm carbon framework were found for samples that exhibited high lodging resistance. This result confirmed the significant influence of the culm flexibility on lodging resistance. Third, a higher level of nitrogen element content in the basal culm can benefit its growth and development, which may contribute to an increase in lodging resistance of rice plants.
Collapse
|
10
|
Cui J, Cui Z, Lu Y, Lv X, Cao Q, Hou Y, Yang X, Gu Y. Maize grain yield enhancement in modern hybrids associated with greater stalk lodging resistance at a high planting density: a case study in northeast China. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14647. [PMID: 36030276 PMCID: PMC9420147 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18908-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Lodging resistance is a critical trait in modern maize breeding. This study aimed to examine maize stalk lodging and its related characteristics in response to increasing planting densities in modern hybrids. A two-year field trial was conducted from 2018 to 2019 with two widely grown commercial hybrids (‘Xy335’ and ‘Fm985’) and three planting density treatments of 4.5 × 104 (low density, LD), 6.5 × 104 (medium density, MD), and 8.5 × 104 plants/ha (high density, HD). New hybrid Fm985 had a significantly higher grain yield and lower lodging rate at HD, while there was no significance at LD and MD. Compared to Fm985, old hybrid Xy335 had a significantly high plant height, ear and gravity height, and culm length (CL) across the three planting densities, while opposite stalk bending strength (SBS), dry weight per unit length (DWPU), cross-sectional area, and the cellulose and lignin content in the basal internode were low. Correlation and path analysis revealed that kernel number per ear and lodging rate directly contributed to maize grain yield, while lodging-related traits of SBS, stem lignin, and DWPU had an indirect effect on maize grain yield, suggesting that modern hybrid maize yield enhancement is associated with greater stalk lodging resistance at a high planting density in northeast China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Cui
- College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengguo Cui
- Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Lu
- Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Lv
- Liaoyuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Liaoyuan, 136299, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingjun Cao
- Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Northeast Crop Physiology Ecology and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yunlong Hou
- Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyu Yang
- Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Gu
- College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang X, Chen Y, Sun X, Li J, Zhang R, Jiao Y, Wang R, Song W, Zhao J. Characteristics and candidate genes associated with excellent stalk strength in maize ( Zea mays L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:957566. [PMID: 35968121 PMCID: PMC9367994 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.957566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lodging is a major problem in maize production, which seriously affects yield and hinders mechanized harvesting. Improving stalk strength is an effective way to improve lodging. The maize inbred line Jing2416 (J2416) was an elite germplasm in maize breeding which had strong stalk mechanical strength. To explore the characteristics its stalk strength, we conducted physiological, metabolic and transcriptomic analyses of J2416 and its parents Jing24 (J24) and 5237. At the kernel dent stage, the stalk rind penetrometer strength of J2416 was significantly higher than those of its two parents in multiple environments. The rind thickness, sclerenchyma tissue thickness, and cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin contents of J2416 were significantly higher than those of its parents. Based on the significant differences between J2416 and 5237, we detected metabolites and gene transcripts showing differences in abundance between these two materials. A total of 212 (68.60%) metabolites and 2287 (43.34%) genes were up-regulated in J2416 compared with 5237. The phenylpropanoid and glycan synthesis/metabolism pathways were enriched in metabolites and genes that were up-regulated in J2416. Twenty-eight of the up-regulated genes in J2416 were involved in lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose synthesis pathways. These analyses have revealed important physiological characteristics and candidate genes that will be useful for research and breeding of inbred lines with excellent stalk strength.
Collapse
|
12
|
Zou J, Yang L, Li Y, Piao M, Li Y, Yao N, Zhang X, Zhang Q, Hu G, Yang D, Zuo Z. Comparative Proteomics Combined with Morphophysiological Analysis Revealed Chilling Response Patterns in Two Contrasting Maize Genotypes. Cells 2022; 11:cells11081321. [PMID: 35456000 PMCID: PMC9024610 DOI: 10.3390/cells11081321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Maize yield is significantly influenced by low temperature, particularly chilling stress at the maize seedling stage. Various physiological approaches have been established to resist chilling stress; however, the detailed proteins change patterns underlying the maize chilling stress response at the seedling stage remain unknown, preventing the development of breeding-based methods to resist chilling stress in maize. Thus, we performed comprehensive physiological, comparative proteomics and specific phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) assay on different maize inbred lines (tolerant-line KR701 and sensitive-line hei8834) at different seedling stages (the first leaf stage and third leaf stage) under chilling stress. The results revealed several signalling proteins and pathways in response to chilling stress at the maize seedling stage. Meanwhile, we found ABA pathway was important for chilling resistance of tolerant-line KR701 at the first leaf stage. Related chilling-responsive proteins were further catalogued and analysed, providing a resource for further investigation and maize breeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinpeng Zou
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (J.Z.); (Q.Z.)
- Jilin Province Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (L.Y.); (M.P.)
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (N.Y.); (X.Z.)
| | - Liang Yang
- Jilin Province Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (L.Y.); (M.P.)
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (N.Y.); (X.Z.)
| | - Yuhong Li
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (N.Y.); (X.Z.)
| | - Mingxin Piao
- Jilin Province Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (L.Y.); (M.P.)
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (N.Y.); (X.Z.)
| | - Yaxing Li
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (N.Y.); (X.Z.)
| | - Nan Yao
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (N.Y.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (N.Y.); (X.Z.)
| | - Qian Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (J.Z.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Guanghui Hu
- Institute of Maize Research, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150030, China;
| | - Deguang Yang
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (J.Z.); (Q.Z.)
- Correspondence: (D.Y.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zecheng Zuo
- Jilin Province Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (L.Y.); (M.P.)
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (N.Y.); (X.Z.)
- Correspondence: (D.Y.); (Z.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
A monoclonal antibody-based time-resolved fluorescence microsphere lateral flow immunoassay for paclobutrazol detection. Curr Res Food Sci 2022; 5:1395-1402. [PMID: 36110384 PMCID: PMC9468506 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Paclobutrazol (PBZ) is a plant growth inhibitor and fungicide, but it is also carcinogenic and teratogenic, and has potential harm to human health. In this study, two PBZ haptens (PBZ-1, PBZ-2) were synthesized and conjugated with carrier proteins to get artificial antigens. A highly specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) against PBZ was prepared. The antibody subtype was IgG1 and the concentration was 11.03 mg/mL. A sensitive and rapid time-resolved fluorescence microsphere lateral flow immunoassay (TRFMs-LFIA) was established based on the mAb. The activated pH, the mAbs diluents, the mAb reacting concentration and the probe amount were optimized. The visual limit of detection (vLOD) and quantitative limit of detection (qLOD) of the TRFMs-LFIA for PBZ were 50 and 1.72 ng/mL respectively, and the 50% inhibiting concentration (IC50) was 9.38 ng/mL. The pretreatment procedures are simple and rapid, and the detection time of TRFMs-LFIA strip is 6 min. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of PBZ could be achieved under a UV light or with a portable fluorescence immunoassay analyzer. The average recovery rates ranged from 96.2% to 111.9% and the corresponding coefficients of variation (CV) were 4.0%–11.2% in spiked wheat and rice samples. Twenty real wheat and rice samples were measured by the TRFMs-LFIA and compared with Ultra-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The measured values showed a good accordance. These results indicated that the proposed assay will provide a novel effective strategy for on-site detection of PBZ. A new immunogen was prepared using thyroglobulin as carrier protein coupled with hapten. A high-sensitivity mAb was prepared using a heterologous coating antigen. Based on anti-PBZ mAb, TRAMs-LFIA was developed for the detection of paclobutrazol residue for the first time. The proposed LFIA was rapid, easy to operate and highly accurate.
Collapse
|
14
|
Ageeva EV, Leonova IN, Likhenko IE. [Lodging in wheat: genetic and environmental factors and ways of overcoming]. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii 2021; 24:356-362. [PMID: 33659818 PMCID: PMC7716515 DOI: 10.18699/vj20.628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lodging is one of the main factors in reducing the yield and grain quality of winter and spring wheat varieties. The resistance of wheat cultivars to lodging largely depends on environmental factors, biological and morphological features of the stem and root systems. Selection of the varieties for resistance to lodging is relevant in many countries of the world and has a number of achievements. Plant height is one of the most important morphological characters associated with lodging resistance. Breeding of the varieties carrying the dwarfing genes (Rht) is the main direction to reduce the risk of lodging. The Rht-B1b, Rht-D1b, Rht8 and Rht11 genes are widely used throughout the world due to their significant influence on agronomically valuable traits, including lodging. It turned out to be important to study the anatomical and morphological features and chemical composition of stem tissues, which complement the assessment of resistance to lodging and allow the varietal material to be more fully characterized. The thickness of stem internodes and their anatomical structure play an important role in the stem strength. The diameter of the stem, its thickness and weight, a large number of vascular bundles and a wide ring of mechanical tissues correlate with resistance to lodging. The content of lignin, silicon and cellulose are important structural components and provide the stem strength of wheat plants. Molecular genetic analysis and mapping of genes and quantitative trait loci are of great importance in identifying the genetic basis of the relationship between the anatomical and morphophysiological characters of the stem and root system and lodging. Genetic factors reflecting correlations between the lodging and the thickness of the stem wall, the number of vascular bundles and other characters were mapped to chromosomes 1A, 1B, 2A, 2D, 3A, 4B, 4D, 5A, 5D, 6D and 7D. It has been found that loci with high phenotypic effects on lodging tolerance are colocalized with loci responsible for plant height, stem diameter and stem strength. To increase resistance to lodging, it is necessary to develop a set of agrotechnical methods that reduce the influence of soil and climatic factors and create wheat varieties tolerant to lodging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E V Ageeva
- Siberian Research Institute of Plant Production and Breeding - Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - I N Leonova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - I E Likhenko
- Siberian Research Institute of Plant Production and Breeding - Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhdanov O, Blatt MR, Zare-Behtash H, Busse A. Wind-evoked anemotropism affects the morphology and mechanical properties of Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:1906-1918. [PMID: 33206167 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Plants are known to exhibit a thigmomorphogenetic response to mechanical stimuli by altering their morphology and mechanical properties. Wind is widely perceived as mechanical stress and in many experiments its influence is simulated by applying mechanical perturbations. However, it is known that wind-induced effects on plants can differ and at times occur even in the opposite direction compared with those induced by mechanical perturbations. In the present study, the long-term response of Arabidopsis thaliana to a constant unidirectional wind was investigated. We found that exposure to wind resulted in a positive anemotropic response and in significant alterations to Arabidopsis morphology, mechanical properties, and anatomical tissue organization that were associated with the plant's strategy of acclimation to a windy environment. Overall, the observed response of Arabidopsis to wind differs significantly from previously reported responses of Arabidopsis to mechanical perturbations. The presented results suggest that the response of Arabidopsis is sensitive to the type of mechanical stimulus applied, and that it is not always straightforward to simulate one type of perturbation by another.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr Zhdanov
- James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Glasgow, Bower Building, Glasgow, UK
| | - Michael R Blatt
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Glasgow, Bower Building, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Angela Busse
- James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Shah AN, Tanveer M, Abbas A, Yildirim M, Shah AA, Ahmad MI, Wang Z, Sun W, Song Y. Combating Dual Challenges in Maize Under High Planting Density: Stem Lodging and Kernel Abortion. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:699085. [PMID: 34868101 PMCID: PMC8636062 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.699085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
High plant density is considered a proficient approach to increase maize production in countries with limited agricultural land; however, this creates a high risk of stem lodging and kernel abortion by reducing the ratio of biomass to the development of the stem and ear. Stem lodging and kernel abortion are major constraints in maize yield production for high plant density cropping; therefore, it is very important to overcome stem lodging and kernel abortion in maize. In this review, we discuss various morphophysiological and genetic characteristics of maize that may reduce the risk of stem lodging and kernel abortion, with a focus on carbohydrate metabolism and partitioning in maize. These characteristics illustrate a strong relationship between stem lodging resistance and kernel abortion. Previous studies have focused on targeting lignin and cellulose accumulation to improve lodging resistance. Nonetheless, a critical analysis of the literature showed that considering sugar metabolism and examining its effects on lodging resistance and kernel abortion in maize may provide considerable results to improve maize productivity. A constructive summary of management approaches that could be used to efficiently control the effects of stem lodging and kernel abortion is also included. The preferred management choice is based on the genotype of maize; nevertheless, various genetic and physiological approaches can control stem lodging and kernel abortion. However, plant growth regulators and nutrient application can also help reduce the risk for stem lodging and kernel abortion in maize.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Noor Shah
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Mohsin Tanveer
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Asad Abbas
- School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Mehmet Yildirim
- Department of Field Crop, Faculty of Agriculture, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Anis Ali Shah
- Department of Botany, University of Narowal, Narowal, Pakistan
| | | | - Zhiwei Wang
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Weiwei Sun
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Youhong Song
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Youhong Song
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Raza A, Asghar MA, Ahmad B, Bin C, Iftikhar Hussain M, Li W, Iqbal T, Yaseen M, Shafiq I, Yi Z, Ahmad I, Yang W, Weiguo L. Agro-Techniques for Lodging Stress Management in Maize-Soybean Intercropping System-A Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E1592. [PMID: 33212960 PMCID: PMC7698466 DOI: 10.3390/plants9111592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Lodging is one of the most chronic restraints of the maize-soybean intercropping system, which causes a serious threat to agriculture development and sustainability. In the maize-soybean intercropping system, shade is a major causative agent that is triggered by the higher stem length of a maize plant. Many morphological and anatomical characteristics are involved in the lodging phenomenon, along with the chemical configuration of the stem. Due to maize shading, soybean stem evolves the shade avoidance response and resulting in the stem elongation that leads to severe lodging stress. However, the major agro-techniques that are required to explore the lodging stress in the maize-soybean intercropping system for sustainable agriculture have not been precisely elucidated yet. Therefore, the present review is tempted to compare the conceptual insights with preceding published researches and proposed the important techniques which could be applied to overcome the devastating effects of lodging. We further explored that, lodging stress management is dependent on multiple approaches such as agronomical, chemical and genetics which could be helpful to reduce the lodging threats in the maize-soybean intercropping system. Nonetheless, many queries needed to explicate the complex phenomenon of lodging. Henceforth, the agronomists, physiologists, molecular actors and breeders require further exploration to fix this challenging problem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Raza
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (A.R.); (C.B.); (W.L.); (T.I.); (I.S.); (Z.Y.); (I.A.); (W.Y.)
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Muhammad Ahsan Asghar
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhou 610000, China;
| | - Bushra Ahmad
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Punjab, Pakistan;
| | - Cheng Bin
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (A.R.); (C.B.); (W.L.); (T.I.); (I.S.); (Z.Y.); (I.A.); (W.Y.)
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - M. Iftikhar Hussain
- Department of Plant Biology & Soil Science, Universidad de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain;
| | - Wang Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (A.R.); (C.B.); (W.L.); (T.I.); (I.S.); (Z.Y.); (I.A.); (W.Y.)
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Tauseef Iqbal
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (A.R.); (C.B.); (W.L.); (T.I.); (I.S.); (Z.Y.); (I.A.); (W.Y.)
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Muhammad Yaseen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Institute of Rice Research, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 625014, China;
| | - Iram Shafiq
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (A.R.); (C.B.); (W.L.); (T.I.); (I.S.); (Z.Y.); (I.A.); (W.Y.)
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhang Yi
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (A.R.); (C.B.); (W.L.); (T.I.); (I.S.); (Z.Y.); (I.A.); (W.Y.)
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Irshan Ahmad
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (A.R.); (C.B.); (W.L.); (T.I.); (I.S.); (Z.Y.); (I.A.); (W.Y.)
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Wenyu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (A.R.); (C.B.); (W.L.); (T.I.); (I.S.); (Z.Y.); (I.A.); (W.Y.)
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Liu Weiguo
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (A.R.); (C.B.); (W.L.); (T.I.); (I.S.); (Z.Y.); (I.A.); (W.Y.)
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wang X, Shi Z, Zhang R, Sun X, Wang J, Wang S, Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Su A, Li C, Wang R, Zhang Y, Wang S, Wang Y, Song W, Zhao J. Stalk architecture, cell wall composition, and QTL underlying high stalk flexibility for improved lodging resistance in maize. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:515. [PMID: 33176702 PMCID: PMC7659129 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02728-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stalk fracture caused by strong wind can severely reduce yields in maize. Stalks with higher stiffness and flexibility will exhibit stronger lodging resistance. However, stalk flexibility is rarely studied in maize. Stalk fracture of the internode above the ear before tasseling will result in the lack of tassel and pollen, which is devastating for pollination in seed production. In this study, we focused on stalk lodging before tasseling in two maize inbred lines, JING724 and its improved line JING724A1 and their F2:3 population. RESULTS JING724A1 showed a larger stalk fracture angle than JING724, indicating higher flexibility. In addition, compared to JING724, JING724A1 also had longer and thicker stalks, with a conical, frustum-shaped internode above the ear. Microscopy and X-ray microcomputed tomography of the internal stalk architecture revealed that JING724A1 had more vascular bundles and thicker sclerenchyma tissue. Furthermore, total soluble sugar content of JING724A1, especially the glucose component, was substantially higher than in JING724. Using an F2:3 population derived from a JING724 and JING724A1 cross, we performed bulk segregant analysis for stalk fracture angle and detected one QTL located on Chr3: 14.00-19.28 Mb. Through transcriptome data analysis and ∆ (SNP-index), we identified two candidate genes significantly associated with high stalk fracture angle, which encode a RING/U-box superfamily protein (Zm00001d039769) and a MADS-box transcription factor 54 (Zm00001d039913), respectively. Two KASP markers designed from these two candidate genes also showed significant correlations with stalk fracture angle. CONCLUSIONS The internode shape and glucose content are possibly correlated with stalk flexibility in maize. Two genes in the detected QTL are potentially associated with stalk fracture angle. These novel phenotypes and associated loci will provide a theoretical foundation for understanding the genetic mechanisms of lodging, and facilitate the selection of maize varieties with improved flexibility and robust lodging resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaqing Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Maize DNA Fingerprinting and Molecular Breeding, Maize Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture & Forestry Sciences (BAAFS), Shuguang Garden Middle Road No. 9, Haidian District, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Zi Shi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Maize DNA Fingerprinting and Molecular Breeding, Maize Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture & Forestry Sciences (BAAFS), Shuguang Garden Middle Road No. 9, Haidian District, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Ruyang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Maize DNA Fingerprinting and Molecular Breeding, Maize Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture & Forestry Sciences (BAAFS), Shuguang Garden Middle Road No. 9, Haidian District, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Xuan Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Maize DNA Fingerprinting and Molecular Breeding, Maize Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture & Forestry Sciences (BAAFS), Shuguang Garden Middle Road No. 9, Haidian District, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Jidong Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Maize DNA Fingerprinting and Molecular Breeding, Maize Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture & Forestry Sciences (BAAFS), Shuguang Garden Middle Road No. 9, Haidian District, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Maize DNA Fingerprinting and Molecular Breeding, Maize Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture & Forestry Sciences (BAAFS), Shuguang Garden Middle Road No. 9, Haidian District, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Beijing Key Lab of Digital Plant, Beijing Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences (BAAFS), Shuguang Garden Middle Road No. 11, Haidian District, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Yanxin Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Maize DNA Fingerprinting and Molecular Breeding, Maize Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture & Forestry Sciences (BAAFS), Shuguang Garden Middle Road No. 9, Haidian District, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Aiguo Su
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Maize DNA Fingerprinting and Molecular Breeding, Maize Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture & Forestry Sciences (BAAFS), Shuguang Garden Middle Road No. 9, Haidian District, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Chunhui Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Maize DNA Fingerprinting and Molecular Breeding, Maize Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture & Forestry Sciences (BAAFS), Shuguang Garden Middle Road No. 9, Haidian District, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Ronghuan Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Maize DNA Fingerprinting and Molecular Breeding, Maize Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture & Forestry Sciences (BAAFS), Shuguang Garden Middle Road No. 9, Haidian District, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Yunxia Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Maize DNA Fingerprinting and Molecular Breeding, Maize Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture & Forestry Sciences (BAAFS), Shuguang Garden Middle Road No. 9, Haidian District, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Shuaishuai Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Maize DNA Fingerprinting and Molecular Breeding, Maize Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture & Forestry Sciences (BAAFS), Shuguang Garden Middle Road No. 9, Haidian District, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Yuandong Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Maize DNA Fingerprinting and Molecular Breeding, Maize Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture & Forestry Sciences (BAAFS), Shuguang Garden Middle Road No. 9, Haidian District, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Wei Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Maize DNA Fingerprinting and Molecular Breeding, Maize Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture & Forestry Sciences (BAAFS), Shuguang Garden Middle Road No. 9, Haidian District, Beijing, 100097, China.
| | - Jiuran Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Maize DNA Fingerprinting and Molecular Breeding, Maize Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture & Forestry Sciences (BAAFS), Shuguang Garden Middle Road No. 9, Haidian District, Beijing, 100097, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Yu M, Wang M, Gyalpo T, Basang Y. Stem lodging resistance in hulless barley: Transcriptome and metabolome analysis of lignin biosynthesis pathways in contrasting genotypes. Genomics 2020; 113:935-943. [PMID: 33127582 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Hulless barley is an important economic and food crop for local population in the Qinghai-Tibet plateau. However, due to extreme weather conditions, its production suffers from stem lodging stress, inflicting significant yield losses. Herein, we selected five lodging resistant and five non-resistant genotypes to investigate changes in concentration of lignin related metabolites and expression levels of related genes in node samples. The lodging resistant genotypes displayed high content of lignin intermediate metabolites. 57% of the expressed genes were differentially expressed (DEG) between the two groups. 31 DEGs participate in the lignin pathways and we found that 65% of these DEGs were strongly up-regulated in the lodging resistant group, indicating a mechanism towards high lignin synthesis within said group. The candidate structural genes as well as the co-expressed TFs identified in this study represent important molecular tools for functional characterization and exploitation in molecular breeding programmes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhai Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa, Tibet, China; Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China
| | - Mu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa, Tibet, China; Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China
| | - Thondup Gyalpo
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa, Tibet, China; Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China
| | - Yuzhen Basang
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa, Tibet, China; Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Nam BE, Park YJ, Gil KE, Kim JH, Kim JG, Park CM. Auxin mediates the touch-induced mechanical stimulation of adventitious root formation under windy conditions in Brachypodium distachyon. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:335. [PMID: 32678030 PMCID: PMC7364541 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02544-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is widely perceived that mechanical or thigmomorphogenic stimuli, such as rubbing and bending by passing animals, wind, raindrop, and flooding, broadly influence plant growth and developmental patterning. In particular, wind-driven mechanical stimulation is known to induce the incidence of radial expansion and shorter and stockier statue. Wind stimulation also affects the adaptive propagation of the root system in various plant species. However, it is unknown how plants sense and transmit the wind-derived mechanical signals to launch appropriate responses, leading to the wind-adaptive root growth. RESULTS Here, we found that Brachypodium distachyon, a model grass widely used for studies on bioenergy crops and cereals, efficiently adapts to wind-mediated lodging stress by forming adventitious roots (ARs) from nonroot tissues. Experimental dissection of wind stimuli revealed that not bending of the mesocotyls but physical contact of the leaf nodes with soil particles triggers the transcriptional induction of a group of potential auxin-responsive genes encoding WUSCHEL RELATED HOMEOBOX and LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN transcription factors, which are likely to be involved in the induction of AR formation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings would contribute to further understanding molecular mechanisms governing the initiation and development of ARs, which will be applicable to crop agriculture in extreme wind climates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Eun Nam
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
- Department of Biology Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Young-Joon Park
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Eun Gil
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Ju-Heon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Jae Geun Kim
- Department of Biology Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Chung-Mo Park
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Long W, Dan D, Yuan Z, Chen Y, Jin J, Yang W, Zhang Z, Li N, Li S. Deciphering the Genetic Basis of Lodging Resistance in Wild Rice Oryza longistaminata. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:628. [PMID: 32547576 PMCID: PMC7274161 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The abuse of fertilizer results in tall rice plants that are susceptible to lodging and reduced plant yield. Hence, it is important to identify and utilize the quantitative trait loci (QTLs)/genes for lodging resistance breeding. Oryza longistaminata exhibits a strong stem and high biomass productivity, which could be a candidate gene pool for cultivars lodging resistance improvement. Here, a set of 152 BC2F20 lines derived from a cross between a cultivated line 93-11 and O. longistaminata was evaluated for lodging resistance. QTL mapping analysis combined with single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) marker derived from high-throughput sequencing identified 12 QTLs for stem diameter (SD), 11 QTLs for stem length (SL), and 3 QTLs for breaking strength (BS). Of which, 14 QTLs were first identified from O. longistaminata. A major QTL, qLR1, which was delimited to a region ∼80 kb on chromosome 1, increased stem diameter, stem length, and breaking strength. Another major QTL, qLR8, that was delimited in an interval ∼120 kb on chromosome 8, significantly enhanced the breaking strength. These results provide evidence that O. longistaminata can be exploited to develop lodging-resistant rice lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Shaoqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Heterosis in Indica Rice of Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Center for Plant Biotechnology and Germplasm Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
McMillan T, Tidemann BD, OʼDonovan JT, Izydorczyk MS. Effects of plant growth regulator application on the malting quality of barley. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:2082-2089. [PMID: 31875963 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lodging can negatively affect yield and quality of barley grain. Synthetic plant growth regulators (PGRs) reduce lodging by producing shorter, thicker, and stronger stems. However, the impact of applying PGRs on malting performance of barley is not known. The objective of this work was to assess the effect of application of three PGRs (ethephon, chlormequat chloride, and trinexapac-ethyl) in combination with different seeding rates on the malting quality of barley grown in several locations and years in western Canada. RESULTS The kernel weight in PGR-treated barley was reduced by 1.7% to 6.5% compared with the nontreated grain. Application of PGRs had no effect on the concentration of proteins and germination energy. Seeding rates significantly affected kernel weight, protein content, and germination index (GI), but no interactions between PGRs and seeding rates were observed. The smaller kernels of ethephon- and trinexapac-treated barley showed good hydration and grain modification during malting, as indicated by high levels of starch-converting enzymes, high Kolbach indices, and low levels of wort β-glucans. Overall, the fine extract of malt from PGR-treated barley was slightly lower than that of the control malt; however, the extract reduction was statistically significant only for chlormequat- and trinexapac-treated barley. CONCLUSIONS The application of PGRs had significant effects on kernel plumpness and kernel weight, but the effects of PGR application on the malting quality were generally small and insignificant. The decision of PGRs application on malting barley needs to be considered in combination with potential benefits of PGRs in mitigating lodging and their effects on the agronomic performance of barley. © Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada 2019.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tricia McMillan
- Grain Research Laboratory, Canadian Grain Commission, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | | | | | - Marta S Izydorczyk
- Grain Research Laboratory, Canadian Grain Commission, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Wan Y, Zhang M, Hong A, Lan X, Yang H, Liu Y. Transcriptome and weighted correlation network analyses provide insights into inflorescence stem straightness in Paeonia lactiflora. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 102:239-252. [PMID: 31832900 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-019-00945-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lack of structural components results in inflorescence stem bending. Differentially expressed genes involved in lignin and hemicellulose biosynthesis are vital; genes involved in cellulose and glycan biosynthesis are also relevant. An erect inflorescence stem is essential for high-quality cut herbaceous peony flowers. To explore the factors underlying inflorescence stem bending, major cell walls contents were measured, and stem structure was observed in two herbaceous peony varieties with contrasting stem straightness traits ('Da Fugui', upright; 'Chui Touhong', bending). In addition, Illumina sequencing was performed and weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) was used to analyze the results. The results showed significant differences in lignin, hemicellulose and soluble sugar contents, sclerenchyma and xylem areas and thickening in cell walls in pith at stage S3, when bending begins. In addition, 44,182 significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found, and these DEGs were mainly enriched in 36 pathways. Among the DEGs, hub genes involved in lignin, cellulose, and xylan biosynthesis and transcription factors that regulated these process were identified by WGCNA. These results suggested that the contents of compounds that provided cell wall rigidity were vital factors affecting inflorescence stem straightness in herbaceous peony. Genes involved in or regulating the biosynthesis of these compounds are thus important; lignin and hemicellulose are of great interest, and cellulose and glycan should not be ignored. This paper lays a foundation for developing new herbaceous peony varieties suitable for cut flowers by molecular-assisted breeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingling Wan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiying Hong
- Management Office of Caozhou Peony Garden, Heze, 274000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Lan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiyan Yang
- Management Office of Caozhou Peony Garden, Heze, 274000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Munialo S, Dahlin AS, Onyango M. C, Oluoch‐Kosura W, Marstorp H, Öborn I. Soil and management‐related factors contributing to maize yield gaps in western Kenya. Food Energy Secur 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/fes3.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sussy Munialo
- Department of Plant Science and Crop Protection University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya
- World Agroforestry Centre Nairobi Kenya
- Department of Soil and Environment Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - A. Sigrun Dahlin
- Department of Soil and Environment Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Cecilia Onyango M.
- Department of Plant Science and Crop Protection University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya
| | - W. Oluoch‐Kosura
- Department of Agricultural Economics University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya
| | - Håkan Marstorp
- Department of Soil and Environment Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Ingrid Öborn
- World Agroforestry Centre Nairobi Kenya
- Department of Crop Production Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Jiang X, Wang Y, Xie H, Li R, Wei J, Liu Y. Environmental behavior of paclobutrazol in soil and its toxicity on potato and taro plants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:27385-27395. [PMID: 31325091 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05947-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The environmental behavior of paclobutrazol in soil and its toxicity were studied by field investigation and an outdoor pot experiment, and the residue of paclobutrazol was detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Field investigation has found that the residual paclobutrazol in the former succession crop could severely inhibit the growth of succeeding crops of potato; with migration and transformation of residual paclobutrazol in the soil, the stems of potato were thickened with residual amount of 1.23 mg kg-1, the growth was slow, and the height of potato in soil with residual amount of 1.34 mg kg-1 and the control was significantly different. The degradation dynamics of paclobutrazol fits with the first-order degradation kinetics, although T1/2 of paclobutrazol of the taro planting soil was 30.14-46.21 days and the residual paclobutrazol remained detectable even on day 120 after application. Taro leaves were sensitive to the stress of paclobutrazol pollution; the taro leaf thickness increased, the leaf area decreased, the chlorophyll content per area unit of taro leaf showed an obvious increased trend, and SOD and CAT activities and MDA and proline content increased significantly. Paclobutrazol promoted the tillering of taro, and the taro seedlings were dwarfed by 58.01, 63.27, and 75.88% at different concentrations. It indicated that taro had strong stress response ability under paclobutrazol pollution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiulan Jiang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Hui Xie
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China.
- National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Ruiqi Li
- Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jinling Wei
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Yan Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Shah L, Yahya M, Shah SMA, Nadeem M, Ali A, Ali A, Wang J, Riaz MW, Rehman S, Wu W, Khan RM, Abbas A, Riaz A, Anis GB, Si H, Jiang H, Ma C. Improving Lodging Resistance: Using Wheat and Rice as Classical Examples. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4211. [PMID: 31466256 PMCID: PMC6747267 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most chronic constraints to crop production is the grain yield reduction near the crop harvest stage by lodging worldwide. This is more prevalent in cereal crops, particularly in wheat and rice. Major factors associated with lodging involve morphological and anatomical traits along with the chemical composition of the stem. These traits have built up the remarkable relationship in wheat and rice genotypes either prone to lodging or displaying lodging resistance. In this review, we have made a comparison of our conceptual perceptions with foregoing published reports and proposed the fundamental controlling techniques that could be practiced to control the devastating effects of lodging stress. The management of lodging stress is, however, reliant on chemical, agronomical, and genetic factors that are reducing the risk of lodging threat in wheat and rice. But, still, there are many questions remain to be answered to elucidate the complex lodging phenomenon, so agronomists, breeders, physiologists, and molecular biologists require further investigation to address this challenging problem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liaqat Shah
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on South Yellow & Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Muhammad Yahya
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Syed Mehar Ali Shah
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar 57000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nadeem
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on South Yellow & Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Ahmad Ali
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on South Yellow & Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Asif Ali
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Jing Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Muhammad Waheed Riaz
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on South Yellow & Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Shamsur Rehman
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Weixun Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, 359#, Tiyuchang Road, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Riaz Muhammad Khan
- State Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, 359#, Tiyuchang Road, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Adil Abbas
- State Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, 359#, Tiyuchang Road, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Aamir Riaz
- State Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, 359#, Tiyuchang Road, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Galal Bakr Anis
- State Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, 359#, Tiyuchang Road, Hangzhou 310006, China
- Rice Research and Training Center, Field Crops Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Kafrelsheikh 33717, Egypt
| | - Hongqi Si
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on South Yellow & Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Haiyang Jiang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Chuanxi Ma
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on South Yellow & Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Khobra R, Sareen S, Meena BK, Kumar A, Tiwari V, Singh GP. Exploring the traits for lodging tolerance in wheat genotypes: a review. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 25:589-600. [PMID: 31168225 PMCID: PMC6522606 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-018-0629-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The rising population entails enhancement in wheat productivity to ensure substantial food supply which often get hindered by various biotic and abiotic stresses. Lodging, due to rain and high velocity wind causes significant economic and yield losses in cereals. Hence, lodging is emerging as a major hurdle to achieve the required yield targets. Various morphological, biochemical, anatomical and genetic traits contribute to produce a plant competent enough to bear lodging stress. Hence, in this review, we intend to elaborate the cause and impact relationship of lodging and tried to link lodging tolerance traits to field practices to minimize the losses. Because of the complex nature of lodging phenomenon, it is still obscure to identify best correlated traits to screen genotype in breeding programmes. However, the genotypes with best correlated traits like plant height, culm wall thickness should be introduced/selected in breeding programmes to inculcate lodging tolerance in a high yielding variety as in recent era lodging tolerance is a key factor to enhance productivity and farmer's income as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rinki Khobra
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, Haryana 132001 India
| | - Sindhu Sareen
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, Haryana 132001 India
| | - Braj Kishor Meena
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, Haryana 132001 India
| | - Arvind Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, Haryana 132001 India
| | - Vinod Tiwari
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, Haryana 132001 India
| | - G. P. Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, Haryana 132001 India
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Sun Q, Sun L, Shu M, Gu X, Yang G, Zhou L. Monitoring Maize Lodging Grades via Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Multispectral Image. PLANT PHENOMICS (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2019; 2019:5704154. [PMID: 33313529 PMCID: PMC7706340 DOI: 10.34133/2019/5704154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Lodging is one of the main factors affecting the quality and yield of crops. Timely and accurate determination of crop lodging grade is of great significance for the quantitative and objective evaluation of yield losses. The purpose of this study was to analyze the monitoring ability of a multispectral image obtained by an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for determination of the maize lodging grade. A multispectral Parrot Sequoia camera is specially designed for agricultural applications and provides new information that is useful in agricultural decision-making. Indeed, a near-infrared image which cannot be seen with the naked eye can be used to make a highly precise diagnosis of the vegetation condition. The images obtained constitute a highly effective tool for analyzing plant health. Maize samples with different lodging grades were obtained by visual interpretation, and the spectral reflectance, texture feature parameters, and vegetation indices of the training samples were extracted. Different feature transformations were performed, texture features and vegetation indices were combined, and various feature images were classified by maximum likelihood classification (MLC) to extract four lodging grades. Classification accuracy was evaluated using a confusion matrix based on the verification samples, and the features suitable for monitoring the maize lodging grade were screened. The results showed that compared with a multispectral image, the principal components, texture features, and combination of texture features and vegetation indices were improved by varying degrees. The overall accuracy of the combination of texture features and vegetation indices is 86.61%, and the Kappa coefficient is 0.8327, which is higher than that of other features. Therefore, the classification result based on the feature combinations of the UAV multispectral image is useful for monitoring of maize lodging grades.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Sun
- National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing, China
- College of Geomatics, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Lin Sun
- College of Geomatics, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Meiyan Shu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohe Gu
- National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Guijun Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Longfei Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing, China
- College of Geomatics, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Kamran M, Ahmad I, Wu X, Liu T, Ding R, Han Q. Application of paclobutrazol: a strategy for inducing lodging resistance of wheat through mediation of plant height, stem physical strength, and lignin biosynthesis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:29366-29378. [PMID: 30121770 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2965-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Lodging is a major constraint contributing to poor grain yield and quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) worldwide. The use of plant growth regulators is becoming a foremost agro-chemical approach for minimizing the risk of lodging in cereal crops. The present study was conducted to examine the effects of the paclobutrazol application on culm physical strength, lignin content, and lodging resistance of wheat. Wheat seeds were soaked in paclobutrazol at the concentrations of 0 (CK, as control), 200 (PB1), 300 (PB2), and 400 (PB3) mg L-1. Our results showed that paclobutrazol resulted in a dose-dependent decrease of plant height, internode length, and center of gravity height. Paclobutrazol treatments evidently increased the culm diameter, culm filling degree, and wall thickness of basal internodes, resulting in greater stalk-breaking strength and lodging resistance index (CLRI), where their maximum values were obtained with PB1 treatment. In addition, the activities of lignin-related enzymes were improved by paclobutrazol, particularly at low concentration, which increased the lignin accumulation of the basal internodes of wheat, subsequently improving the capability of stalk lodging resistance. Moreover, the correlation analysis revealed significant correlations between stem diameter, culm filling degree, and lignin with stalk bending strength and CLRI. The paclobutrazol concentration ≥ 300 mg L-1 (PB2 and PB3 treatments) showed inhibitive effects on various culm morphological traits. These results suggest that not only the plant height, but also the lignin contents and physical strength of internodes are closely related with the lodging resistance of wheat, and reduction in plant height along with improved culm morphological characteristics and higher lignin accumulation in basal internodes could effectively relieve the risk of lodging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Kamran
- College of Agronomy, Key Laboratory of Crop Physio-ecology and Tillage Science in North-Western loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Irshad Ahmad
- College of Agronomy, Key Laboratory of Crop Physio-ecology and Tillage Science in North-Western loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaorong Wu
- College of Agronomy, Key Laboratory of Crop Physio-ecology and Tillage Science in North-Western loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tiening Liu
- College of Agronomy, Key Laboratory of Crop Physio-ecology and Tillage Science in North-Western loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ruixia Ding
- College of Agronomy, Key Laboratory of Crop Physio-ecology and Tillage Science in North-Western loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qingfang Han
- College of Agronomy, Key Laboratory of Crop Physio-ecology and Tillage Science in North-Western loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
- Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Sher A, Khan A, Ashraf U, Liu HH, Li JC. Characterization of the Effect of Increased Plant Density on Canopy Morphology and Stalk Lodging Risk. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1047. [PMID: 30254649 PMCID: PMC6141682 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Plants react to the environment and to management interventions by undergoing architectural and structural modifications. A field trial was conducted in China in 2016 to study the effects of the plant population on morphological development of the maize canopy. The main objectives of the current study were (i) to characterize the effects of increased plant density on canopy morphology and stalk lodging and (ii) to explore the relationships between organ morphology and stalk lodging. The field experiment was composed of five plant densities (4.5, 6, 7.5, 9, and 15 plants m-2) of three cultivars: Zhengdan 958 (lodging-resistant cultivar), Longping 206 and Jinqiu 119 (lodging-susceptible cultivars). In response to plant densities of all the three cultivars, the lamina and sheath lengths increased in lower phytomers but decreased in upper phytomers. The lamina width and internode diameter decreased for all phytomers in response to plant densities for all the cultivars. The correlation between organ morphology, plant density and stalk lodging was linear. Data obtained from characterization used in this study (that is, canopy morphology, correlation of organ morphology with stalk lodging traits in response to various plant densities for different cultivars, etc.) will be useful in future modeling studies to predict the morphology characteristics of the canopy affected by interplant competition and stalk lodging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alam Sher
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Aaqil Khan
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Umair Ashraf
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Hui Liu
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Jin Cai Li
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Sun Q, Liu X, Yang J, Liu W, Du Q, Wang H, Fu C, Li WX. MicroRNA528 Affects Lodging Resistance of Maize by Regulating Lignin Biosynthesis under Nitrogen-Luxury Conditions. MOLECULAR PLANT 2018; 11:806-814. [PMID: 29597009 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2018.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Revised: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Lodging under nitrogen (N)-luxury conditions substantially reduces crop yield and seed quality. However, the molecular mechanisms of plant lodging resistance remain largely unclear, especially in maize. We report here that the expression of ZmmiR528, a monocot-specific microRNA, is induced by N luxury but reduced by N deficiency. We show by the thioacidolysis and acetyl bromide analysis that N luxury significantly reduces the generation of H, G, and S monomers of the lignin as well as its total content in maize shoots. We further demonstrate that ZmLACCASE3 (ZmLAC3) and ZmLACCASE5 (ZmLAC5), which encode the copper-containing laccases, are the targets of ZmmiR528. In situ hybridization showed that ZmmiR528 is mainly expressed in maize vascular tissues. Knockdown of ZmmiR528 or overexpression of ZmLAC3 significantly increased the lignin content and rind penetrometer resistance of maize stems. In contrast, transgenic maize plants overexpressing ZmmiR528 had reduced lignin content and rind penetrometer resistance and were prone to lodging under N-luxury conditions. RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that ZmPAL7 and ZmPAL8 are upregulated in transgenic maize lines downregulating ZmmiR528. Under N-luxury conditions, the expression levels of ZmPALs were much higher in ZmmiR528-knockdown lines than in the wild type and transgenic maize lines overexpressing ZmmiR528. Taken together, these results indicate that, by regulating the expression of ZmLAC3 and ZmLAC5, ZmmiR528 affects maize lodging resistance under N-luxury conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Juan Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wenwen Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and Environment and CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Qingguo Du
- National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hongqiu Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chunxiang Fu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and Environment and CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Wen-Xue Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Li H, Cheng X, Zhang L, Hu J, Zhang F, Chen B, Xu K, Gao G, Li H, Li L, Huang Q, Li Z, Yan G, Wu X. An Integration of Genome-Wide Association Study and Gene Co-expression Network Analysis Identifies Candidate Genes of Stem Lodging-Related Traits in Brassica napus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:796. [PMID: 29946333 PMCID: PMC6006280 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Lodging is a persistent problem which severely reduce yield and impair seed quality in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Enhancing stem strength (SS) has proven to be an effective approach to decrease lodging risk. In the present study, four interrelated stem lodging-related traits, including stem breaking resistance (SBR), stem diameter (SD), SS, and lodging coefficient (LC), were investigated among 472 rapeseed accessions. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) using Brassica 60K SNP array for stem lodging-related traits identified 67 significantly associated quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and 71 candidate genes. In parallel, a gene co-expression network based on transcriptome sequencing was constructed. The module associated with cellulose biosynthesis was highlighted. By integrating GWAS and gene co-expression network analysis, some promising candidate genes, such as ESKIMO1 (ESK1, BnaC08g26920D), CELLULOSE SYNTHASE 6 (CESA6, BnaA09g06990D), and FRAGILE FIBER 8 (FRA8, BnaC04g39510D), were prioritized for further research. These findings revealed the genetic basis underlying stem lodging and provided worthwhile QTLs and genes information for genetic improvement of stem lodging resistance in B. napus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongge Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Crop Molecular Breeding, National Center of Oil Crop Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Liping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Jihong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Fugui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Biyun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Kun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Guizhen Gao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Lixia Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Zaiyun Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Crop Molecular Breeding, National Center of Oil Crop Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guixin Yan
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Guixin Yan, Xiaoming Wu,
| | - Xiaoming Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Guixin Yan, Xiaoming Wu,
| |
Collapse
|