1
|
Danaeipour R, Sharifi M, Noori A. Responses to lead stress in Scrophularia striata: insights into antioxidative defence mechanisms and changes in flavonoids profile. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2024; 51:FP23236. [PMID: 38648371 DOI: 10.1071/fp23236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) induces oxidative stress in plants, which results in different responses, including the production of antioxidants and changes in the profile of secondary metabolites. In this study, the responses of Scrophularia striata exposed to 250mgL-1 Pb (NO3 )2 in a hydroponic environment were determined. Growth parameters, oxidative and antioxidative responses, redox status, and the concentration of Pb were analysed in roots and shoots. Malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) levels in the roots were significantly increased and reached their highest value at 72h after Pb treatment. Superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase, as an enzymatic antioxidant system, were responsible for reactive oxygen species scavenging, where their activities were increased in the shoot and root of Pb-treated plants. Enzymatic antioxidant activities were probably not enough to remove a significant H2 O2 content in response to Pb treatment. Therefore, other defence responses were activated. The results stated that the flavonoid components of S. striata progressed towards the increase of isoflavone, flavanol, and stilbenoid contents under Pb treatment. In general, S. striata stimulates the enzymatic defence system and activates the non-enzymatic system by modulating the profile of flavonoids toward the production of flavonoids with high antioxidant activity, such as quercetin and myricetin in response to Pb stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reyhaneh Danaeipour
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Sharifi
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; and Center for International Scientific Studies and Collaborations (CISSC), Ministry of Science, Research and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Noori
- Department of Biology, Merrimack College, North Andover, MA 01845, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cao Y, Mo S, Ma C, Tan Q. Flooding regimes alleviate lead toxicity and enhance phytostabilization of salix: Evidence from physiological responses and iron-plaque formation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 354:120153. [PMID: 38394868 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Aggravated metal pollution in wetland and riparian zones has become a global environmental issue, necessitating the identification of sustainable remediation approaches. Salix exhibits great potential as a viable candidate for metal(loid) remediation. However, the underlying mechanisms for its effectiveness in different flooding regimes with Pb pollution have not been extensively studied. In this study, fast-growing Salix×jiangsuensis 'J172' was selected and planted in different Pb polluted soils (control, 400 and 800 mg ∙ kg-1) under non-flooded and flooded (CF: continuous flooding and IF: intermittent flooding) conditions for 60 days. This study aimed to explore the effects of flooding on Salix growth performance, physiological traits, and the relationship between Pb uptake/translocation and root Fe plaques. Salix×jiangsuensis 'J172' exhibited excellent tolerance and adaptation to Pb pollution with a tolerance index (TI) exceeding 0.6, even at the highest Pb levels. Moreover, the TIs under flooded conditions were higher than that under non-flooded conditions, suggesting that flooding could alleviate Pb toxicity under co-exposure to Pb and flooding. Leaf malondialdehyde (MDA) exhibited a dose-dependent response to Pb exposure; however, CF or IF mitigated the oxidative damage induced by Pb toxicity with decreased MDA content (2.2-11.9%). The superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities were generally enhanced by flooding, but combined stress (flooding and Pb) significantly decreased catalase activity. Pb was predominantly accumulated in Salix roots, and flooding markedly increased root Pb accumulation by 19.2-173.0% compared to non-flooded condition. Additionally, a significant positive correlation was observed between the iron (Fe) content of the root plaque and root Pb accumulation, indicating that the formation of Fe plaque on the root surface could enhance the phytostabilization of Pb in Salix. The current findings highlight that fast-growing woody plants are suitable for phyto-management of metal-polluted wetlands and can potentially minimize the risk of metal mobility in soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yini Cao
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, China; Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Siqi Mo
- Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Chuanxin Ma
- Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Qian Tan
- Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Xu X, Yang J, Zhang Y, Sui X, Gong Z, Liu S, Chen X, Li X, Wang Y. Ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in tea plantation soil around Tai Lake region in Suzhou, China. STRESS BIOLOGY 2024; 4:15. [PMID: 38363398 PMCID: PMC10873261 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-024-00149-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Tea plant [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] is one of the important foliar cash crops in China, and its root system absorbs heavy metal (HM) elements enriched in the soil and transports them to the over ground part. In order to ensure the safety of the soil ecological environment and tea raw materials in the tea production area, the HM contents of soil and tea plant leaves in Suzhou tea plantations were detected, the relationship between HMs and soil physicochemical properties was analyzed, and the ecological risk of HMs in tea plantation soils was evaluated by using relevant detection techniques and evaluation models. The results showed that the average pH of tea plantation soils around Tai Lake in Suzhou was within the range suitable for the growth of tea plants. The pH, soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium of tea plantation soil satisfying the requirements of high quality, high efficiency and high yield ('3H') tea plantation accounted for 47.06%, 26.47%, 8.82%, 79.41% and 67.65%, respectively. Site 2 fully met the requirements of '3H' tea plantation. In addition, the contents of cadmium (Cd) and mercury (Hg) were extremely variable, and the average contents exceeded the background value of soil in Jiangsu Province, but the HM contents of tea leaves all met the pollution-free standard, and the HM contents of tea leaves around Tai Lake in Suzhou were generally at a safe level. The composite ecological risk index ranged from 0.05 to 0.60, and 32 of the 34 sample sites (except site 21 and site 23) are the most suitable agricultural land for tea plantations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Xu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jiahui Yang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Jiangsu Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Center, Nanjing, 210017, China
| | - Xueyan Sui
- Jiangsu Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Center, Nanjing, 210017, China
- Jiangsu Donghai and Yixing Land Consolidation and Ecological Protection Field Scientific Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Natural Resources, Yixing, 214200, China
| | - Zelong Gong
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Shujing Liu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xinghui Li
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yuhua Wang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Parera V, Pérez-Chaca MV, Gallardo LV, Gatica-Aguilar CV, Parera CA, Feresin GE. Adesmia pinifolia, a Native High-Andean Species, as a Potential Candidate for Phytoremediation of Cd and Hg. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:464. [PMID: 38498429 PMCID: PMC10891624 DOI: 10.3390/plants13040464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
This study highlights Adesmia pinifolia, a native high-Andean species, as a potential candidate for the phytoremediation of soils contaminated with Cd and Hg. In this work, a semi-hydronic assay with different doses of Cd (3, 4.5, and 6 mg L-1) and Hg (0.8, 1.2, and 1.6 mg L-1) was analysed to evaluate the establishment of plants, antioxidant defence systems, oxidative stress, and the ability to accumulate heavy metals. The results indicate high survival rates (>80%); however, Cd significantly reduced shoot and root biomass, while Hg increased root biomass with the 1.6 mg L-1 treatment. Cd and Hg tend to accumulate more in roots (2534.24 µg/g and 596.4 µg g-1, respectively) compared to shoots (398.53 µg g-1 and 140.8 µg g-1, respectively). A significant decrease in the bioconcentration factor of Cd and Hg in roots was observed as metal levels increased, reaching the maximum value at 3 mg L-1 (805.59 ± 54.38) and 0.8 mg L-1 (804.54 ± 38.09). The translocation factor, <1 for both metals, suggests that translocation from roots to shoots is limited. An overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was observed, causing lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage to plant membranes. Tolerance strategies against subsequent toxicity indicate that enhanced glutathione reductase (GR) activity and glutathione (GSH) accumulation modulate Cd and Hg accumulation, toxicity, and tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Parera
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Libertador General San Martin 1109 Oeste, San Juan 5400, Argentina;
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, Cuidad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA) C1425FQB, Argentina;
| | - M. Verónica Pérez-Chaca
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Ejército de los Andes 950, San Luis 5700, Argentina; (M.V.P.-C.); (L.V.G.)
| | - Laura V. Gallardo
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Ejército de los Andes 950, San Luis 5700, Argentina; (M.V.P.-C.); (L.V.G.)
| | - Camila V. Gatica-Aguilar
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, Cuidad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA) C1425FQB, Argentina;
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Ejército de los Andes 950, San Luis 5700, Argentina; (M.V.P.-C.); (L.V.G.)
| | - Carlos A. Parera
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Avenida Rivadavia 1439, Cuidad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA) C1033AAE, Argentina;
| | - Gabriela E. Feresin
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Libertador General San Martin 1109 Oeste, San Juan 5400, Argentina;
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, Cuidad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA) C1425FQB, Argentina;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xiao J, Li X, Zhang X, Cao Y, Vithanage M, Bolan N, Wang H, Zhong Z, Chen G. Contrasting effect of pristine, ball-milled and Fe-Mn modified bone biochars on dendroremediation potential of Salix jiangsuensis "172" for cadmium- and zinc-contaminated soil. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 341:123019. [PMID: 38008255 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Bone biochar (BC) has a high capacity for the immobilization of potentially toxic elements (PTEs); however, its effect on dendroremediation efficiency remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effects of various concentrations (0, 0.5, 1, and 2 wt%) of BC, ball-milled BC (MBC), and Fe-Mn oxide-modified BC (FMBC) on soil properties, plant growth, and metal accumulation in Salix jiangsuensis "172" (SJ-172) grown in cadmium (Cd)- and zinc (Zn)-contaminated soil. BC and MBC promoted the photosynthetic rate, mineral element absorption, and plant growth of SJ-172, whereas FMBC inhibited the growth of SJ-172. Different biochars greatly influenced the concentrations of Cd and Zn in tissues of SJ-172. BC and MBC elevated the Cd levels, whereas FMBC decreased the Cd content in the leaves, stems, and cuttings of SJ-172. Unlikely, BC, MBC and FMBC show no evident change to the Zn concentration in the aboveground tissues of SJ-172, while decreased root Cd and Zn content compared with the control. MBC, at a 2.0% application rate, significantly increased the translocation factors of Cd (55.0%) and Zn (40.87%), whereas BC and FMBC demonstrated no significant effects compared with the control (P > 0.05). Moreover, 2.0% BC and MBC increased Cd and Zn accumulation in SJ-172 by 28.40 and 41.14, and 25.89 and 36.16%, respectively, whereas 2.0% FMBC reduced Cd and Zn accumulation by 53.20% and 13.18 %, respectively, compared with the control. The phytoremediation potential of SJ-172 for Cd- and Zn-contaminated soils was enhanced by MBC and BC, whereas it was lowered by FMBC compared to the control. These results provide novel insights for the application of fast-growing trees assisted by biochar amendments in the dendroremediation of severely PTEs-contaminated soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Xiao
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, 311400, China
| | - Xiaogang Li
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, 311400, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- China National Bamboo Research Center, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Yini Cao
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, 311400, China
| | - Meththika Vithanage
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Center, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka
| | - Nanthi Bolan
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Hailong Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China; Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China; Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangdong Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China
| | - Zheke Zhong
- China National Bamboo Research Center, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Guangcai Chen
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, 311400, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Shi J, Yang B, Wang H, Wu Y, He F, Dong J, Qin G. The combined contamination of nano-polystyrene and nanoAg: Uptake, translocation and ecotoxicity effects on willow saplings. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:167291. [PMID: 37742955 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Nanoplastics (NPLs) and nanoAg (AgNPs) are emerging contaminants commonly detected in aquatic and terrestrial environments due to their widespread use in various domains. However, their uptake, translocation, and toxic effects on plants in cooccurrence environments remain largely unexplored. Therefore, a hydroponic experiment was conducted using 100 nm NPLs (1 mg/L and 10 mg/L), AgNPs (100 μg/L and 1000 μg/L) and saplings of willow (Salix matsudana 'J172') to investigate absorption, translocation and the physio-biochemical responses of the plants. The results indicated that NPLs and AgNPs were agglomerated with each other in solutions. NPLs not only penetrated the roots of the saplings but also translocated to the branches and leaves through xylem ducts. However, AgNPs was only detected in the roots, suggesting that the internalization of nanoparticles in plants depends on the properties and types of particles themselves. The combined exposure to NPLs and AgNPs selectively affected the absorption and distribution of K, Ca, Mg and Fe, resulting in inhibited saplings growth and photosynthesis. Furthermore, the presence of NPLs and AgNPs induced oxidative damage and stimulated the antioxidant stress system in the plants. This study provides novel insights into the internalization and ecotoxicological mechanisms of NPLs and AgNPs in woody vascular plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxing Shi
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Baoshan Yang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Ecological Carbon Sink and Capture Utilization, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Ecological Carbon Sink and Capture Utilization, Jinan 250022, China.
| | - Yaxin Wu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Fei He
- Jinan Environmental Research Academy, Jinan 250098, China
| | - Jinhao Dong
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Guanghua Qin
- Shandong Academy of Forestry, Jinan 250014, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Galvis DA, Jaimes-Suárez YY, Rojas Molina J, Ruiz R, Carvalho FEL. Cadmium up Taking and Allocation in Wood Species Associated to Cacao Agroforestry Systems and Its Potential Role for Phytoextraction. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2930. [PMID: 37631142 PMCID: PMC10459764 DOI: 10.3390/plants12162930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Trees in cacao Agroforestry systems (AFS) may present a high potential for cadmium (Cd) phytoextraction, helping to reduce Cd in cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) plants grown in contaminated soils. To assess this potential, four forest fine-woody species commonly found in cacao high-productive sites in Colombia (Tabebuia rosea, Terminalia superba, Albizia guachapele, and Cariniana pyriformis) were exposed to contrasting CdCl2 contamination levels (0, 6, and 12 ppm) on a hydroponic medium. Growth dynamics, tolerance index (TI), and Cd concentration and allocation in leaves, stems, and roots were evaluated for up to 90 days after initial exposure. T. superba, A. guachapele, and C. pyriformis were classified as moderately tolerant (TI > 0.6), and T. rosea was considered a sensitive species (TI < 0.35) under 12 ppm Cd contamination. Despite showing a high stem Cd concentration, C. pyriformis also showed the lowest relative growth rate. Among the evaluated forest species, A. guachapele exhibited the highest Cd accumulation capacity per plant (2.02 mg plant-1) but also exhibited a higher Cd allocation to leaves (4%) and a strong decrease in leaf and stem dry mass after 90 days of exposure (~75% and 50% respectively, compared to control treatments). Taking together all the favorable features exhibited by T. superba as compared to other CAFS tree species and recognized phytoextractor tree species in the literature, such as Cd hyperaccumulation, high tolerance index, low Cd concentration in leaves, and high Cd allocation to the stem (harvestable as wood), this species is considered to have a high potential for cadmium phytoextraction in cocoa agroforestry systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donald A. Galvis
- Centro de Investigación La Suiza, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (Agrosavia), Rionegro 250047, Santander, Colombia
- Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Córdoba, Montería 230002, Córdoba, Colombia
| | - Yeirme Y. Jaimes-Suárez
- Centro de Investigación La Suiza, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (Agrosavia), Rionegro 250047, Santander, Colombia
| | - Jairo Rojas Molina
- Centro de Investigación La Suiza, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (Agrosavia), Rionegro 250047, Santander, Colombia
| | - Rosalba Ruiz
- Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Córdoba, Montería 230002, Córdoba, Colombia
| | - Fabricio Eulalio Leite Carvalho
- Centro de Investigación La Suiza, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (Agrosavia), Rionegro 250047, Santander, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Xin J, Li Y, Zhao C, Ge W, Tian R. An integrated transcriptome, metabolomic, and physiological investigation uncovered the underlying tolerance mechanisms of Monochoria korsakowii in response to acute/chronic cadmium exposure. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 201:107888. [PMID: 37442048 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Identifying the physiological response and tolerance mechanism of wetland plants to heavy metal exposure can provide theoretical guidance for an early warning for acute metal pollution and metal-contaminated water phytoremediation. A hydroponic experiment was employed to investigate variations in the antioxidant enzyme activity, chlorophyll content, and photosynthesis in leaves of Monochoria korsakowii under 0.12 mM cadmium ion (Cd2+) acute (4 d) and chronic (21 d) exposure. Transcriptome and metabolome were analyzed to elucidate the underlying defensive strategies. The acute/chronic Cd2+ exposure decreased chlorophyll a and b contents, and disturbed photosynthesis in the leaves. The acute Cd2+ exposure increased catalase activity by 36.42%, while the chronic Cd2+ exposure markedly increased ascorbate peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase activities in the leaves. A total of 2 685 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the leaves were identified with the plants exposed to the acute/chronic Cd2+ contamination. In the acute Cd2+ exposure treatment, DEGs were preferentially enriched in the plant hormone transduction pathway, followed by phenylrpopanoid biosynthesis. However, the chronic Cd2+ exposure induced DEGs enriched in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites pathway as priority. With acute/chronic Cd2+ exposure, a total of 157 and 227 differentially expressed metabolites were identified in the leaves. Conjoint transcriptome and metabolome analysis indicated the plant hormone signal transduction pathway and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites was preferentially activated by the acute and chronic Cd2+ exposure, respectively. The phenylpropanoid pathway functioned as a chemical defense, and the positive role of deoxyxylulose phosphate pathway in leaves against acute/chronic Cd2+ exposure was impaired.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianpan Xin
- College of Architecture Landscape, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Architecture Landscape, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chu Zhao
- College of Architecture Landscape, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenjia Ge
- College of Architecture Landscape, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Runan Tian
- College of Architecture Landscape, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yang C, Xia L, Zeng Y, Chen Y, Zhang S. Hexaploid Salix rehderiana is more suitable for remediating lead contamination than diploids, especially male plants. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 333:138902. [PMID: 37182717 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Willows are promising candidates for phytoremediation, but the lead (Pb) phytoremediation potential of different willow ploidy and sex has not yet been exploited. In this study, the Pb uptake, translocation and detoxification capacities of hexaploid and diploid, female and male Salix rehderiana were investigated. The results showed that Pb treatment inhibited biomass accumulation and gas exchange, caused ultrastructural and oxidative damage, and induced antioxidant, phytohormonal and transcriptional regulation in S. rehderiana. Absorbed Pb was mainly accumulated in the roots with restricted root-to-shoot transport. Despite lower biomass, greater transpiration, phytohormonal and transcriptional regulation indicated that hexaploid S. rehderiana had higher tissue Pb concentration, total accumulated Pb amount (4.39 mg, 6.19 mg, 6.60 mg and 10.83 mg in diploid and hexaploid females and males, respectively) as well as bioconcentration factors and translocation factors (0.412, 0.593, 0.921 and 1.320 for bioconcentration factors in roots, and 0.029, 0.032, 0.035 and 0.047 for translocation factors in diploid and hexaploid females and males, respectively) than diploids. Higher soil urease and acid phosphatase activities also favored hexaploids to use more available N and P than diploids in Pb-contaminated soils. Additionally, hexaploid S. rehderiana had stronger antioxidant, phytohormonal and transcriptional responses, and displayed less morphological and ultrastructural damage than diploids after Pb treatment, suggesting that hexaploids have greater Pb uptake, translocation and detoxification capacities than diploids. Moreover, S. rehderiana males had greater Pb uptake and translocation abilities, as well as stronger antioxidant, phytohormonal, and transcriptional regulation mediated Pb detoxification capacities than females. Therefore, hexaploid S. rehderiana are superior to diploids, and males are better than females in Pb phytoremediation. This study provides novel and valuable insights for selecting better willow materials to mitigate Pb contamination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Linchao Xia
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yi Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang C, Yang B, Wang H, Xu X, Shi J, Qin G. Metal tolerance capacity and antioxidant responses of new Salix spp. clones in a combined Cd-Pb polluted system. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14521. [PMID: 36545381 PMCID: PMC9762249 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the physiochemical characteristics of two new clones, Salix matsudana 'J172' (A7) and Salix matsudana 'Yankang1' (A64) in combined Cd-Pb contaminated systems, a hydroponic experiment was designed. The plant biomass, photosynthesis, antioxidant responses and the accumulation of metals in different plant parts (leaf, stem, and root) were measured after 35-day treatments with Cd (15, 30 µM) and Pb (250, 500 µM). The results showed that exposure to Cd-Pb decreased the biomass but increased the net photosynthetic rate for both A7 and A64, demonstrating that photosynthesis may be one of the metabolic processes used to resist Cd-Pb stress. Compared with control, roots exposed to Cd-Pb had higher activity of superoxide dismutase and more malondialdehyde concentrations, which indicated the roots of both clones were apt to be damaged. The concentrations of soluble protein were obviously higher in the roots of A64 than A7, indicating the roles of the antioxidative substance were different between two willow clones. Soluble protein also had significant relationship with translocation factors from accumulation in roots of A64, which illustrated it played important roles in the tolerance of A64 roots to heavy metals. The roots could accumulate more Pb rather than transport to the shoots compared with Cd. The tolerance index was more than 85% on average for both clones under all the treatments, indicating their tolerance capacities to the combined stress of Cd and Pb are strong under the tested metal levels. Both clones are the good candidates for phytoremediation of Cd and Pb by the root filtration in the combined contamination environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanfeng Zhang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong province, China
| | - Baoshan Yang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong province, China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong province, China,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation, Xi’an, Chian,Chang’an University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiaohan Xu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu province, China
| | - Jiaxing Shi
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong province, China
| | - Guanghua Qin
- Shandong Academy of Forestry, Jinan, Shandong province, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Shi W, Li J, Kan D, Yu W, Chen X, Zhang Y, Ma C, Deng S, Zhou J, Fayyaz P, Luo ZB. Sulfur metabolism, organic acid accumulation and phytohormone regulation are crucial physiological processes modulating the different tolerance to Pb stress of two contrasting poplars. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 42:1799-1811. [PMID: 35313352 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpac033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the pivotal physiological processes modulating lead (Pb) tolerance capacities of poplars, the saplings of two contrasting poplar species, Populus × canescens with high Pb sensitivity and Populus nigra with relatively low Pb sensitivity, were treated with either 0 or 8 mM Pb for 6 weeks. Lead was absorbed by the roots and accumulated massively in the roots and leaves, leading to overproduction of reactive oxygen species, reduced photosynthesis and biomass in both poplar species. Particularly, the tolerance index of P. × canescens was significantly lower than that of P. nigra. Moreover, the physiological responses including the concentrations of nutrient elements, thiols, organic acids, phytohormones and nonenzymatic antioxidants, and the activities of antioxidative enzymes in the roots and leaves were different between the two poplar species. Notably, the differences in concentrations of nutrient elements, organic acids and phytohormones were remarkable between the two poplar species. A further evaluation of the Pb tolerance-related physiological processes showed that the change of 'sulfur (S) metabolism' in the roots was greater, and that of 'organic acid accumulation' in the roots and 'phytohormone regulation' in the leaves were markedly smaller in P. × canescens than those in P. nigra. These results suggest that there are differences in Pb tolerance capacities between P. × canescens and P. nigra, which is probably associated with their contrasting physiological responses to Pb stress, and that S metabolism, organic acid accumulation and phytohormone regulation are probably the key physiological processes modulating the different Pb tolerance capacities between the two poplar species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenguang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Silviculture of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xiangshan road, Haidian district, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Longpan road, Xuanwu district, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Donxu Kan
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Silviculture of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xiangshan road, Haidian district, Beijing 100091, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Hexing road, Xiangfang district, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Wenjian Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Silviculture of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xiangshan road, Haidian district, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Xin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Silviculture of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xiangshan road, Haidian district, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Yuhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Silviculture of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xiangshan road, Haidian district, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Chaofeng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Silviculture of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xiangshan road, Haidian district, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Shurong Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Silviculture of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xiangshan road, Haidian district, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Silviculture of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xiangshan road, Haidian district, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Payam Fayyaz
- Forest, Range and Watershed Management Department, Agriculture and Natural Resources Faculty, Yasouj University, Daneshjoo St, Yasuj 75919-63179, Iran
| | - Zhi-Bin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Silviculture of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xiangshan road, Haidian district, Beijing 100091, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Xu X, Tian Z, Xing A, Wu Z, Li X, Dai L, Yang Y, Yin J, Wang Y. Nitric Oxide Participates in Aluminum-Stress-Induced Pollen Tube Growth Inhibition in Tea (Camelliasinensis) by Regulating CsALMTs. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11172233. [PMID: 36079615 PMCID: PMC9460577 DOI: 10.3390/plants11172233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), as a signal molecule, is involved in the mediation of heavy-metal-stress-induced physiological responses in plants. In this study, we investigated the effect of NO on Camellia sinensis pollen tubes exposed to aluminum (Al) stress. Exogenous application of the NO donor decreased the pollen germination rate and pollen tube length and increased the malondialdehyde (MDA) content and antioxidant enzyme activities under Al stress. Simultaneously, the NO donor effectively increased NO content in pollen tube of C. sinensis under Al stress and could aggravate the damage of Al3+ to C. sinensis pollen tubes by promoting the uptake of Al3+. In addition, application of the NO-specific scavenger significantly alleviated stress damage in C. sinensis pollen tube under Al stress. Moreover, 18 CsALMT members from a key Al-transporting gene family were identified, which could be divided into four subclasses. Pearson correlation analysis showed the expression level of CsALMT8 showed significant positive correlation with the Al3+ concentration gradient and NO levels, but a significant negative correlation with pollen germination rate and pollen tube length. The expression level of CsALMT5 was negatively correlated with the Al3+ concentration gradient and NO level, and positively correlated with pollen germination rate and pollen tube length. The expression level of CsALMT17 showed a significant negative correlation with Al3+ concentration and NO content in pollen tubes, but significant positive correlation with pollen germination rate and pollen tube length. In conclusion, a complex signal network regulated by NO-mediated CsALMTs revealed that CsALMT8 was regulated by environmental Al3+ and NO to assist Al3+ entry into pollen tubes; CsALMT5 might be influenced by the Al3+ signal, stimulate malate efflux in vacuoles and chelate with Al3+ to detoxify Al in C. sinensis pollen tube.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Xu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhiqiang Tian
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Anqi Xing
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zichen Wu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xuyan Li
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lingcong Dai
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yiyang Yang
- Institute of Leisure Agriculture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Juan Yin
- Jiangsu Maoshan Tea Resorts Company Limited, Changzhou 213200, China
| | - Yuhua Wang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-133-7609-2013
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Jyoti D, Sinha R, Faggio C. Advances in biological methods for the sequestration of heavy metals from water bodies: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 94:103927. [PMID: 35809826 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Pollution is a major concern of the modern era as it affects all the principal aspects of the environment, especially the hydrosphere. Pollution with heavy metals has unequivocally threatened aquatic bodies and organisms as these metals are persistent, non-biodegradable, and toxic. Heavy metals tend to accumulate in the environment and eventually in humans, which makes their efficient removal a topic of paramount importance. Treatment of metal-contaminated water can be done both via chemical and biological methods. Where remediation through conventional methods is expensive and generates a large amount of sludge, biological methods are favoured over older and prevalent chemical purification processes because they are cheaper and environment friendly. The present review attempts to summarise effective methods for the remediation of water contaminated with heavy metals. We concluded that in biological techniques, bio-sorption is among the most employed and successful mechanisms because of its high efficacy and eco-friendly nature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Divya Jyoti
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, HP 173 229, India.
| | - Reshma Sinha
- Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, 176206, India.
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Xu X, Ye X, Xing A, Wu Z, Li X, Shu Z, Wang Y. Camellia sinensis small GTPase gene (CsRAC1) involves in response to salt stress, drought stress and ABA signaling pathway. Gene X 2022; 821:146318. [PMID: 35181507 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
RAC/ROP gene (RACs) is a plant-specific small GTPases. RACs play an irreplaceable role in the tissue dynamics of cytoskeleton, vesicle transport and hormone signal transmission in plants. In the present study, a novel gene from RACs family, CsRAC1, was identified from tea [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze]. CsRAC1 contained a 591-bp open reading frame and encoded a putative protein of 197 amino acids. Subcellular localization analysis in leaves of transgenic tobacco and root tips of Arabidopsis thaliana showed that CsRAC1 targeted the nucleus and cell membrane. The expression of CsRAC1 induced by abiotic stresses such as cold, heat, drought, salt and abscisic acid has also been verified by RT-qPCR. Further verification of biological function of CsRAC1 showed that overexpression of CsRAC1 increased the sensitivity of A. thaliana to salt stress, improved the tolerance of mature A. thaliana to drought stress, and enhanced the inhibition of ABA on seed germination of A. thaliana. In addition, the antioxidant system regulated by CsRAC1 mainly worked in mature A. thaliana. The results indicate that CsRAC1 is involved in the response of C. sinensis to salt, drought stress and ABA signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Xu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Xiaoli Ye
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Anqi Xing
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Zichen Wu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Xuyan Li
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Zaifa Shu
- Lishui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lishui, Zhejiang Province 323000, China.
| | - Yuhua Wang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Pu S, Cai X, Wang W, Liu X, Li S, Fu J, Sun L, Ma J, Jiang M, Li X. NTA-assisted mineral element and lead transportation in Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro) Hack. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:20650-20664. [PMID: 34743308 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17306-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is one of the most toxic and harmful pollutants to the environment and human health. Centipedegrass (Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro) Hack.), an excellent ground cover plant for urban plant communities, exhibits the outstanding lead tolerance and accumulation. Nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) is an environmentally friendly chelating agent that strengthens phytoremediation. This study explored the effects of different NTA concentrations on the absorption and transportation of mineral elements and Pb in centipedegrass. Following exposure to Pb (500 μM) for 7 days in hydroponic nutrient solution, NTA increased root Mg, K, and Ca concentrations and shoot Fe, Cu, and Mg concentrations and significantly enhanced the translocation factors of mineral elements to the shoot. Although NTA notably decreased root Pb absorption and accumulation, it significantly enhanced Pb translocation factors, and the Pb TF value was the highest in the 2.0 mM NTA treatment. Furthermore, the shoot translocation of Pb and mineral elements was synergistic. NTA can support mineral element homeostasis and improve Pb translocation efficiency in centipedegrass. Regarding root radial transport, NTA (2.0 mM) significantly promoted Pb transport by the symplastic pathway under the treatments with low-temperature and metabolic inhibitors. Meanwhile, NTA increased apoplastic Pb transport at medium and high Pb concentrations (200-800 μM). NTA also enhanced the Pb radial transport efficiency in roots and thus assisted Pb translocation. The results of this study elucidate the effects of NTA on the absorption and transportation of mineral elements and Pb in plants and provide a theoretical basis for the practical application of the biodegradable chelating agent NTA in soil Pb remediation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siyi Pu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinyi Cai
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- Pengzhou Planning and Natural Resources Bureau, Pengzhou, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xingke Liu
- Pengzhou Planning and Natural Resources Bureau, Pengzhou, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Shangguan Li
- Pengzhou Planning and Natural Resources Bureau, Pengzhou, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jingyi Fu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Lingxia Sun
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun Ma
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingyan Jiang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xi Li
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Mohsin M, Salam MMA, Nawrot N, Kaipiainen E, Lane DJ, Wojciechowska E, Kinnunen N, Heimonen M, Tervahauta A, Peräniemi S, Sippula O, Pappinen A, Kuittinen S. Phytoextraction and recovery of rare earth elements using willow (Salix spp.). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 809:152209. [PMID: 34883169 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Soil and water contaminations are caused by rare earth elements (REEs) due to mining and industrial activities, that threaten the ecosystem and human health. Therefore, phytoremediation methods need to be developed to overcome this problem. To date, little research has been conducted concerning the phytoremediation potential of Salix for REEs. In this study, two Salix species (Salix myrsinifolia and Salix schwerinii) and two Salix cultivars (Klara and Karin) were hydroponically exposed to different concentrations of six-REE for 4 weeks. The treatments were: T1 (Control: tap water), T2 (La: 50 mg/L) and T3 (La 11.50 + Y 11 + Nd 10.50 + Dy 10 + Ce 12 and Tb 11.50 in mg L-1). The effects of the REE on Salix growth indicators (height, biomass, shoot diameter and root length), concentrations of REE in the produced biomass, and accumulation of REE in different parts of the Salix (stem, root, and leaf) tissues, were determined. In addition, the retention of REE in ashes following Salix combustion (800 and 1000 °C) was determined. The result indicates that with La and REE exposure, the height growth, dry biomass, shoot diameter and root length of all Salix remained equivalent to the control treatment excluding Klara, which displayed relatively higher growth in all parameters. Further, among the REE studied, the highest La concentration (8404 μg g-1 DW) and La accumulation (10,548 μg plant-1) were observed in Karin and Klara root respectively. Translocations and bioconcentration factors were discovered at <1 for all Salix, which indicates their phytostabilization potential. The total REE concentrations in bottom ashes varied between 7 and 8% with retention rates between 85 and 89%. This study demonstrates that Salix are suitable candidates for REE phytostabilization and the remediation of wastewater sites to limit metals percolating to the water layers in the ecosystem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Mohsin
- School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, P.O. Box 111, 80100 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Mir Md Abdus Salam
- School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, P.O. Box 111, 80100 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Nicole Nawrot
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Erik Kaipiainen
- School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, P.O. Box 111, 80100 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Daniel J Lane
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1E, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; Mineral Resources, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Queensland Centre for Advanced Technologies (QCAT), 1 Technology Court, Pullenvale, QLD 4069, PO Box 883, Kenmore, Australia
| | - Ewa Wojciechowska
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Niko Kinnunen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, 80101 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Mikko Heimonen
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1E, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Arja Tervahauta
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1E, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sirpa Peräniemi
- School of Pharmacy, Biocenter Kuopio, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Olli Sippula
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1E, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; Department of Chemistry, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, 80101 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Ari Pappinen
- School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, P.O. Box 111, 80100 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Suvi Kuittinen
- School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, P.O. Box 111, 80100 Joensuu, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sun W, Yang B, Zhu Y, Wang H, Qin G, Yang H. Ectomycorrhizal fungi enhance the tolerance of phytotoxicity and cadmium accumulation in oak (Quercus acutissima Carruth.) seedlings: modulation of growth properties and the antioxidant defense responses. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:6526-6537. [PMID: 34455564 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16169-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF), which form symbiotic ectomycorrhiza with tree roots, mediate heavy metal tolerance of host plants. To investigate the roles of EMF in the growth, modulation of oxidative stress, and cadmium (Cd) accumulation and translocation in Quercus acutissima seedlings, ectomycorrhizal seedlings inoculated with Suillus luteus were treated with different Cd concentrations (0.1, and 5 mg kg-1) for 14 days. EMF accelerated seedling growth and Cd accumulation in roots under the highest Cd concentration of 5 mg kg-1. Catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR) activities increased in the leaves of ectomycorrhizal seedlings under the highest Cd concentration. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) trended to increase under both Cd concentrations. Although reduced glutathione (GSH) increased after inoculation of EMF under both Cd concentrations, the release of malondialdehyde increased in the leaves and roots under the highest Cd concentration, indicating that the defense role of EMF in Q. acutissima depends on the Cd concentration. These results indicate that EMF mitigate Cd stress by promoting plant growth and nutrient uptake while modulating the antioxidant system to reduce oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Sun
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, No. 336, West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan, 250022, Shandong Province, China
| | - Baoshan Yang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, No. 336, West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan, 250022, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yidan Zhu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, No. 336, West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan, 250022, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, No. 336, West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan, 250022, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Guanghua Qin
- Shandong Academy of Forestry, No. 42, East Road of Wenhua, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Hanqi Yang
- College of Art and Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Liu C, Xiao R, Huang F, Yang X, Dai W, Xu M. Physiological responses and health risks of edible amaranth under simultaneous stresses of lead from soils and atmosphere. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 223:112543. [PMID: 34332251 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is widely distributed in the environment that can impose potential risks to vegetables and humans. In this work, we conducted a pot experiment in Southern China to examine the physiological response and risk of edible amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor L.) under the simultaneous stresses of lead from soil and atmosphere. The results indicate that the lead content of amaranth substantially exceeded China's national standard when Pb concentration from soils and atmosphere was high, and comparing to teenagers and adults, children exposed a higher health risk after consuming the contaminated amaranth. Under the co-stress, the lead in roots of amaranth mainly came from the soil, but the Pb from atmospheric deposition can significantly affect the lead concentration in leaves. While lead from atmospheric deposition is found to promote the growth of amaranth, the stress of lead from the soils shows an inhibitory effect, as indicated by the increase in H2O2 content, the damage in cell membranes, and the limitation in chlorophyll synthesis. The antioxidant system in stems and leaves of amaranth can effectively alleviate the Pb toxicity. However, the stress of high lead concentration from soils can substantially suppress the antioxidant enzyme activity of roots. While it is found that heavy metals in soils can significantly affect the vegetables grown in a multi-source pollution environment, we also call for the attention on the potential health risk imposed by the lead from atmospheric deposition. This study provides an important reference for the prevention and control of crop contamination in multi-source pollution environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chufan Liu
- Guangdong Research Center for Industrial Contaminated Site Remediation Technology and Equipment Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Shenzhen Academy of Environmental Science, Shenzhen 518001, PR China
| | - Rongbo Xiao
- Guangdong Research Center for Industrial Contaminated Site Remediation Technology and Equipment Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Fei Huang
- Guangdong Research Center for Industrial Contaminated Site Remediation Technology and Equipment Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Xiaojun Yang
- Department of Geography, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Weijie Dai
- Guangdong Research Center for Industrial Contaminated Site Remediation Technology and Equipment Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Meili Xu
- Guangdong Research Center for Industrial Contaminated Site Remediation Technology and Equipment Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Liao X, Rao S, Yu T, Zhu Z, Yang X, Xue H, Gou Y, Cheng S, Xu F. Selenium yeast promoted the Se accumulation, nutrient quality and antioxidant system of cabbage ( Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.). PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2021; 16:1907042. [PMID: 33818289 PMCID: PMC8143226 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2021.1907042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The application of Se yeast as a Se source to cultivate Se-rich cabbage has a significant effect on cabbage growth and quality indices. Results showed that total plant weight, head weight, and head size in cabbage were notably increased by 48.4%, 88.3%, and 25.4% under 16 mg/kg Se yeast treatment, respectively. Compare with the control, a high proportion of 3874% of Se accumulation in cabbage head was also detected in 16 mg/kg Se yeast treatment. Selenocystine (SeCys2) and Methyl-selenocysteine (MeSeCys) were the main Se speciations in the cabbage head. Application of 8 mg/kg Se yeast improved cabbage quality and antioxidant system indices, including free amino acid, soluble sugar, ascorbic acid, phenolic acid, glucosinolates, and SOD activity, which had 81.6%, 46.5%, 34.9%, 12.3%, 44.8%, 25.2% higher than that of the control, respectively. In summary, considering 8 mg/kg Se yeast as the appropriate level of Se enrichment during cabbage cultivation. These findings enhanced our understanding of the effects of Se yeast on the growth and quality of cabbage and provided new insights into Se-enrichment vegetable cultivation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Liao
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Shen Rao
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Tian Yu
- National R&D for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
- Enshi Se-Run Health Tech Development Co., Ltd, Enshi, 445000, China
| | - Zhenzhou Zhu
- National R&D for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yang
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Hua Xue
- National Selenium Rich Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, Enshi, Hubei, 445000, China
| | - Yuanyuan Gou
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Shuiyuan Cheng
- National R&D for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Xu
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Shi W, Zhou J, Li J, Ma C, Zhang Y, Deng S, Yu W, Luo ZB. Lead exposure-induced defense responses result in low lead translocation from the roots to aerial tissues of two contrasting poplar species. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 271:116346. [PMID: 33387784 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To explore whether lead (Pb)-induced defense responses are responsible for the low root-to-shoot Pb translocation, we exposed saplings of the two contrasting poplar species, Populus × canescens with relatively high root-to-shoot Pb translocation and P. nigra with low Pb translocation, to 0 or 8 mM PbCl2. Pb translocation from the roots to aboveground tissues was lower by 57% in P. nigra than that in P. × canescens. Lower Pb concentrations in the roots and aerial tissues, greater root biomass, and lower ROS overproduction in the roots were found in P. nigra than those in P. × canescens treated with Pb. P. nigra roots had higher proportions of cell walls (CWs)-bound Pb and water insoluble Pb compounds, and higher transcript levels of some pivotal genes related to Pb vacuolar sequestration, such as phytochelatin synthetase 1.1 (PCS1.1), ATP-binding cassette transporter C1.1 (ABCC1.1) and ABCC3.1 than P. × canescens roots. Pb exposure induced defense responses including increases in the contents of pectin and hemicellulose, and elevated oxalic acid accumulation, and the transcriptional upregulation of PCS1.1, ABCC1.1 and ABCC3.1 in the roots of P. nigra and P. × canescens. These results suggest that the stronger defense barriers in P. nigra roots are probably associated with the lower Pb translocation from the roots to aerial tissues, and that Pb exposure-induced defense responses can enhance the barriers against Pb translocation in poplar roots.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenguang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Silviculture of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Silviculture of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Chaofeng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Silviculture of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Yuhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Silviculture of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Shurong Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Silviculture of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Wenjian Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Silviculture of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Silviculture of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Li X, Xiao J, Ma C, Salam MMA, Shi J, Chen G. The effect of particle size of bamboo biochar on the phytoremediation of Salix psammophila C. to multi-metal polluted soil. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2020; 23:658-668. [PMID: 33251831 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2020.1849012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Biochar shows great potential in soil remediation. The benefits of biochar on soil depend onits intrinsic properties and soil characteristics. However, the influence of particle sizes of biochar on soil remediation is not clear. In a pot experiment, we evaluated the effects of bamboo biochar (BBC) particle sizes (P1 < 0.15 mm, 0.15 mm < P2 < 0.25 mm, 0.25 mm < P3 < 0.50 mm) on phytoremediation efficiency of Salix psammophila C. cultivated in multi-metal polluted soil. We added the BBC at 3% (w/w) in tested soil. Next, the BBC was thoroughly mixed with soil and weighting to the pot, and S. psammophila cuttings were planted and grown for six months in the amended soil under model growth condition.Results revealed the addition of different sizes of BBC particles affected soil quality, plant growth, and HMs accumulation in plants. All sizes of BBC treatments improved Cd and Zn accumulation, whereas plants in P2 treatment showed the greatest accumulation, increased by 52.41 and 25.55% compared with the control (1,503 and 19,928 μg·plant-1). Overall, the results indicated BBC enhanced the phytoremediation efficiency of S. psammophila. Plants cultivated in P2 treatment showed the most significant effect on remediating contaminated soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaogang Li
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiang Xiao
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chuanxin Ma
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mir Md Abdus Salam
- School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Jiuxi Shi
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guangcai Chen
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Li X, Xiao J, Salam MMA, Ma C, Chen G. Impacts of bamboo biochar on the phytoremediation potential of Salix psammophila grown in multi-metals contaminated soil. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2020; 23:387-399. [PMID: 33174478 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2020.1816893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of bamboo biochar (BBC) as soil amendment on growth and phytoremediation potential of Salix psammophila in soil heavily polluted by Cd and Zn. Bamboo biochar was added to soil at ratios ranging from 1 to 7% (w/w), which significantly increased the organic matter, available potassium (K) content, while decreased the hydrolyzable nitrogen (N) content and the levels of total and bioavailable HMs in soil. The BBC amendment at ratios of 1% to 5% showed little effect on growth of plant, whereas at 7% ratio significantly decreased biomass compared to the control. BBC amendment stimulated the accumulation of Cu, Cd and Zn in plant tissues, meanwhile, Cd and Zn accumulation were more evident, especially in the BBC-3% treatment. BBC amendment improved the TF and BCF values of Cd, Zn and Cu compared to control. Higher BCF for Cd (BCF >1) and TF for Zn (TF >1) values indicate Salix psammophila have considerable potential for phytoremediation efficiency in BBC amended soil treatment. This study provides practical evidence of the efficient BBC-assisted phytoremediation capability of Salix psammophila and highlights its potential as a viable and inexpensive approach for in situ remediation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaogang Li
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiang Xiao
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mir Md Abdus Salam
- School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Chuanxin Ma
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Guangcai Chen
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Iqbal A, Mushtaq MU, Khan AHA, Nawaz I, Yousaf S, Iqbal M. Influence of Pseudomonas japonica and organic amendments on the growth and metal tolerance of Celosia argentea L. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:24671-24685. [PMID: 31428967 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06181-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a pot experiment was piloted in a greenhouse to evaluate the potential of Celosia argentea var. cristata L. for tolerating/accumulating heavy metals in synthetic wastewater in the presence of Pseudomonas japonica and organic amendment, i.e., moss and compost. Two-week-old seedlings were transferred to pots, and after 4 weeks, the bacterial strain was inoculated, then watered with synthetic wastewater for 5 weeks and harvested after 9 weeks. After harvesting, physiological and biochemical parameters, as well as metal contents of plants, were quantified. The results indicated highest growth and biomass production in moss- and compost-associated plants while highest metal uptake has been found in the presence of P. japonica and synthetic wastewater-irrigated plants. Synthetic wastewater-irrigated plants have shown highest Pb uptake of 2899 mg kg-1 DW, while with P. japonica in soil those plants have shown highest Cd, Cu, Ni, and Cr uptake of 962, 1479, 1042, and 956 mg kg-1 DW, respectively. The production of antioxidant enzymes, i.e., catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), and glutathione-s-transferase (GST), was high in P. japonica-amended plants because of increased uptake of metals. It is concluded that moss and compost have improved growth while P. japonica improved metal accumulation and translocation to aerial parts with little involvement in plant growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ameena Iqbal
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Umair Mushtaq
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Aqib Hassan Ali Khan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Ismat Nawaz
- Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Sohail Yousaf
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Mazhar Iqbal
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zeng P, Huang F, Guo Z, Xiao X, Peng C. Physiological responses of Morus alba L. in heavy metal(loid)-contaminated soil and its associated improvement of the microbial diversity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:4294-4308. [PMID: 31832962 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07124-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Woody plants have considerable application potential in the phytoremediation schemes, owing to their long-lived large biomass and prosperous root systems in heavy metal(loid)-contaminated soil. Under greenhouse conditions, the physiological response characteristics and phytoremediation possibility of Morus alba L. and its associated improvement of the bacterial and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) diversities in heavy metal(loid) co-contaminated soils were investigated. The results showed that the cultivated M. alba L. plant exhibited significant tolerance against the heavy metal(loid)s in co-contaminated soil and that the microbial diversities were improved notably. The contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) in M. alba L. leaves decreased with cultivation from 90 to 270 days, while the superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase activities were maintained at normal levels to eliminate the production of lipid peroxides. The chemical compositions (e.g. amino acids, carbohydrates and proteins) in the root of M. alba L. fluctuated slightly throughout the cultivation period. Meanwhile, Cd, Pb and Zn were majorly concentrated in the M. alba L. roots, and the maximum contents were 23.4, 7.40 and 615.5 mg/kg, respectively. According to the polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) analysis results, the influence of M. alba L. on the rhizosphere AMF community was greater than that on the bacteria community. Meanwhile, the bacterial and AMF Shannon diversity indexes in the contaminated soil were enhanced by 18.7-22.0% and 7.14-16.4%, respectively, with the presence of M. alba L. Furthermore, the correlations between the availability of As, Cd, Pb, and Zn and Shannon diversity indexes of the bacterial and AMF communities were significantly (p < 0.05) positive with the phytoremediation of M. alba L. Therefore, M. alba L. can be suggested as a potential plant candidate for ecological remediation and for simultaneously improving the activity and diversity of microorganisms in contaminated soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zeng
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Fenglian Huang
- Hunan Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Zhaohui Guo
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
| | - Xiyuan Xiao
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Chi Peng
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| |
Collapse
|