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Szilágyi A, Takács B, Szekeres R, Tarjányi V, Nagy D, Priksz D, Bombicz M, Kiss R, Szabó AM, Lehoczki A, Gesztelyi R, Juhász B, Szilvássy Z, Varga B. Effects of voluntary and forced physical exercise on the retinal health of aging Wistar rats. GeroScience 2024; 46:4707-4728. [PMID: 38795184 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01208-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is accompanied by an increased prevalence of degenerative conditions, including those affecting ocular health, which significantly impact quality of life and increase the burden on healthcare systems. Among these, retinal aging is of particular concern due to its direct link to vision impairment, a leading cause of disability in the elderly. Vision loss in the aging population is associated with heightened risks of cognitive decline, social isolation, and morbidity. This study addresses the critical gap in our understanding of modifiable lifestyle factors, such as physical exercise, that may mitigate retinal aging and its related pathologies. We investigated the effects of different exercise regimens-voluntary (recreational-type) and forced (high-intensity)-on the retinal health of aging Wistar rats (18-month-old), serving as a model for studying the translational potential of exercise interventions in humans. Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: a young control (3-month-old) for baseline comparison, an aged sedentary control, an aged group engaging in voluntary exercise via a running wheel in their cage, and an aged group subjected to forced exercise on a treadmill for six sessions of 20 min each per week. After a 6-month experimental period, we assessed retinal function via electroretinography (ERG), measured retinal thickness histologically, and analyzed protein expression changes relevant to oxidative stress, inflammation, and anti-aging mechanisms. Our findings reveal that voluntary exercise positively impacts retinal function and morphology, reducing oxidative stress and inflammation markers while enhancing anti-aging protein expression. In contrast, forced exercise showed diminished benefits. These insights underscore the importance of exercise intensity and preference in preserving retinal health during aging. The study highlights the potential of recreational physical activity as a non-invasive strategy to counteract retinal aging, advocating for further research into exercise regimens as preventative therapies for age-related ocular degenerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Szilágyi
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Krt 98., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Barbara Takács
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Krt 98., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Réka Szekeres
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Krt 98., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Vera Tarjányi
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Krt 98., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Dávid Nagy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Krt 98., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Dániel Priksz
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Krt 98., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Mariann Bombicz
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Krt 98., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Rita Kiss
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Krt 98., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Adrienn Mónika Szabó
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Krt 98., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Andrea Lehoczki
- Departments of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, South Pest Central Hospital, National Institute of Hematology and Infectious Diseases, Saint Ladislaus Campus, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Doctoral College, Health Sciences Program, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rudolf Gesztelyi
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Krt 98., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Béla Juhász
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Krt 98., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Szilvássy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Krt 98., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Balázs Varga
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Krt 98., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary.
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Huston CA, Milan M, Vance ML, Bickel MA, Miller LR, Negri S, Hibbs C, Vaden H, Hayes L, Csiszar A, Ungvari Z, Yabluchanskiy A, Tarantini S, Conley SM. The effects of time restricted feeding on age-related changes in the mouse retina. Exp Gerontol 2024; 194:112510. [PMID: 38964431 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Dietary modifications such as caloric restriction (CR) and intermittent fasting (IF) have gained popularity due to their proven health benefits in aged populations. In time restricted feeding (TRF), a form of intermittent fasting, the amount of time for food intake is regulated without restricting the caloric intake. TRF is beneficial for the central nervous system to support brain health in the context of aging. Therefore, we here ask whether TRF also exerts beneficial effects in the aged retina. We compared aged mice (24 months) on a TRF paradigm (access to food for six hours per day) for either 6 or 12 months against young control mice (8 months) and aged control mice on an ad libitum diet. We examined changes in the retina at the functional (electroretinography), structural (histology and fluorescein angiograms) and molecular (gene expression) level. TRF treatment showed amelioration of age-related reductions in both scotopic and photopic b-wave amplitudes suggesting benefits for retinal interneuron signaling. TRF did not affect age-related signs of retinal inflammation or microglial activation at either the molecular or histological level. Our data indicate that TRF helps preserve some aspects of retinal function that are decreased with aging, adding to our understanding of the health benefits that altered feeding patterns may confer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cade A Huston
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Madison Milan
- Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Department of Neuroscience and Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Michaela L Vance
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Marisa A Bickel
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Lauren R Miller
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Sharon Negri
- Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Clara Hibbs
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Hannah Vaden
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Lindsay Hayes
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Anna Csiszar
- Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Department of Neuroscience and Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine, Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Ungvari
- Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Department of Neuroscience and Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine, Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andriy Yabluchanskiy
- Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Department of Neuroscience and Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Stefano Tarantini
- Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Department of Neuroscience and Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Hudson College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
| | - Shannon M Conley
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
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Song J, Hu Y, Chen A, Yoo HS, Zawadzki RJ, Matsubara JA, Ju MJ. In vivo multi-contrast depth-resolved choroidal imaging of a mouse using polarization-diversity optical coherence tomography. OPTICS LETTERS 2024; 49:4314-4317. [PMID: 39090922 DOI: 10.1364/ol.529146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
The results of depth-resolved multi-contrast in vivo mouse choroidal imaging using a polarization-diversity optical coherence tomography (PD-OCT) system are presented. A selectively chosen depth of focus that was fine-tuned with a sensorless adaptive optics technique and a simple segmentation based on the degree of polarization uniformity signal visualizes the detailed features of a mouse choroid from the OCT angiography images. A comprehensive image analysis of the choroid revealed the distinctive pathological characteristics of the laser-induced choroidal neovascularization mouse.
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Tang C, Zhang H, Border JJ, Liu Y, Fang X, Jefferson JR, Gregory A, Johnson C, Lee TJ, Bai S, Sharma A, Shin SM, Yu H, Roman RJ, Fan F. Impact of knockout of dual-specificity protein phosphatase 5 on structural and mechanical properties of rat middle cerebral arteries: implications for vascular aging. GeroScience 2024; 46:3135-3147. [PMID: 38200357 PMCID: PMC11009215 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01061-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular aging influences hemodynamics, elevating risks for vascular diseases and dementia. We recently demonstrated that knockout (KO) of Dusp5 enhances cerebral and renal hemodynamics and cognitive function. This improvement correlates with elevated pPKC and pERK1/2 levels in the brain and kidneys. Additionally, we observed that Dusp5 KO modulates the passive mechanical properties of cerebral and renal arterioles, associated with increased myogenic tone at low pressure, enhanced distensibility, greater compliance, and reduced stiffness. The present study evaluates the structural and mechanical properties of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) in Dusp5 KO rats. We found that vascular smooth muscle cell layers and the collagen content in the MCA wall are comparable between Dusp5 KO and control rats. The internal elastic lamina in the MCA of Dusp5 KO rats exhibits increased thickness, higher autofluorescence intensity, smaller fenestrae areas, and fewer fenestrations. Despite an enhanced myogenic response and tone of the MCA in Dusp5 KO rats, other passive mechanical properties, such as wall thickness, cross-sectional area, wall-to-lumen ratio, distensibility, incremental elasticity, circumferential wall stress, and elastic modulus, do not significantly differ between strains. These findings suggest that while Dusp5 KO has a limited impact on altering the structural and mechanical properties of MCA, its primary role in ameliorating hemodynamics and cognitive functions is likely attributable to its enzymatic activity on cerebral arterioles. Further research is needed to elucidate the specific enzymatic mechanisms and explore potential clinical applications in the context of vascular aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyun Tang
- Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
- Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Huawei Zhang
- Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Jane J Border
- Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Yedan Liu
- Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Xing Fang
- Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Joshua R Jefferson
- Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Andrew Gregory
- Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Claire Johnson
- Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Tae Jin Lee
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Shan Bai
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Ashok Sharma
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Seung Min Shin
- Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Hongwei Yu
- Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Richard J Roman
- Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Fan Fan
- Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.
- Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
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Xie H, Ju H, Lu J, Wang X, Peng H. Comparative study on the efficacy of Conbercept and Aflibercept in the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11997. [PMID: 38796619 PMCID: PMC11128006 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62536-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study compares the effectiveness of Conbercept and Aflibercept in treating neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). Conducted at the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University's Ophthalmology Department (May 2020-May 2023), this prospective study enrolled 159 nAMD patients. Participants were randomly divided into two groups: one receiving 0.5 mg Conbercept and the other 2 mg Aflibercept intravitreal injections. Over 12 months, the study, employing a Treat-and-Extend (T&E) regimen, assessed Best-Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA), Central Retinal Thickness (CRT) changes and injection frequency. Of the 159 patients, 137 (149 eyes) completed the study. No significant age difference was found between the groups (P = 0.331). After 12 months, BCVA improved similarly in both groups (Conbercept: 52.8 ± 18.9, Aflibercept: 52.0 ± 19.7 letters; P = 0.820). CRT reduction was also comparable (Conbercept: 246.3 ± 82.8 µm, Aflibercept: 275.9 ± 114.3 µm; P = 0.079). Injection frequencies averaged 6.9 ± 0.7 (Conbercept) and 6.7 ± 0.7 (Aflibercept; P = 0.255). Subtype analysis revealed Type 1 MNV had higher baseline BCVA and lower CRT, with more frequent injections compared to other types. Both Conbercept and Aflibercept are clinically similar in efficacy for nAMD, with the T&E regimen proving therapeutically effective and potentially reducing patient costs. Anti-VEGF treatment efficacy varies across nAMD subtypes, indicating a potential benefit in tailored treatments for specific subtypes.Clinical trial registration number NCT05539235 (Protocol Registration and Results System).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1, Youyi Road, Chongqing, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, No.1, Yixueyuan Road, Chongqing, China
| | - Huan Ju
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1, Youyi Road, Chongqing, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, No.1, Yixueyuan Road, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1, Youyi Road, Chongqing, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, No.1, Yixueyuan Road, Chongqing, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1, Youyi Road, Chongqing, China.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, No.1, Yixueyuan Road, Chongqing, China.
| | - Hui Peng
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1, Youyi Road, Chongqing, China.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, No.1, Yixueyuan Road, Chongqing, China.
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Wu J, Zhang Y, Xu X. Association between ambient air pollution and age-related macular degeneration: a meta-analysis. BMC Ophthalmol 2024; 24:202. [PMID: 38684968 PMCID: PMC11059589 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-024-03465-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several epidemiological studies have investigated the association between ambient air pollution and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). However, a consensus has not yet been reached. Our meta-analysis aimed to clarify this association. METHODS Databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science, were searched for relevant studies from 01 January 2000 to 30 January 2024. English-language, peer-reviewed studies using cross-sectional, prospective, or retrospective cohorts and case-control studies exploring this relationship were included. Two authors independently extracted data and assessed study quality. A random-effects model was used to calculate pooled covariate-adjusted odds ratios. Heterogeneity across studies was also tested. RESULTS We identified 358 relevant studies, of which eight were included in the meta-analysis. Four studies evaluated the association between particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) and AMD, and three studies explored the relationship between nitrogen dioxide (NO2) or ozone (O3) and AMD. The pooled odds ratios were 1.16 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.11-1.21), 1.17 (95% CI: 1.09-1.25), and 1.06 (95% CI: 1.05-1.07), respectively. CONCLUSION Current evidence suggests a concomitant positive but not causal relationship between PM2.5, NO2, or O3 and AMD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuzhu Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xian Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, 200080, China.
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Cui X, Buonfiglio F, Pfeiffer N, Gericke A. Aging in Ocular Blood Vessels: Molecular Insights and the Role of Oxidative Stress. Biomedicines 2024; 12:817. [PMID: 38672172 PMCID: PMC11048681 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Acknowledged as a significant pathogenetic driver for numerous diseases, aging has become a focal point in addressing the profound changes associated with increasing human life expectancy, posing a critical concern for global public health. Emerging evidence suggests that factors influencing vascular aging extend their impact to choroidal and retinal blood vessels. The objective of this work is to provide a comprehensive overview of the impact of vascular aging on ocular blood vessels and related diseases. Additionally, this study aims to illuminate molecular insights contributing to vascular cell aging, with a particular emphasis on the choroid and retina. Moreover, innovative molecular targets operating within the domain of ocular vascular aging are presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuting Cui
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (F.B.); (N.P.)
| | | | | | - Adrian Gericke
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (F.B.); (N.P.)
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Feng J, Xie F, Wu Z, Wu Y. Age-related macular degeneration and cardiovascular disease in US population: an observational study. Acta Cardiol 2023:1-7. [PMID: 38126346 DOI: 10.1080/00015385.2023.2295103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As far as we know, age-related macular degeneration (AMD) has become one of the predominant causes of visual impairments. Previous studies have revealed that AMD and many cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) share the same pathologic and genotypic factors, making the connection between AMD and CVD a hot topic. However, the conclusions of the available studies on the relationship between them are somewhat divergent. METHODS We screened 5523 eligible participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database from 2005 through 2008 for an observational clinical study design. Binary logistic regression modelling was used to estimate the relations between AMD and various CVDs with and without adjustment for demographics, health status, and behaviours related to health. RESULTS Binary logistic regression analyses showed that AMD was able to increase the risk of CVDs in patients both unadjusted and after adjusting for confounding variables. CONCLUSIONS Within this study, preventing the development of AMD might cut down the incidence of several CVDs, in particular, significantly lowering the stroke risk. These findings indicate that interventions to prevent AMD may also help to prevent CVDs. In general, late AMD has a more severe impact on the risk of CVDs compared with early AMD. These results could help clinical ophthalmology and cardiovascular medicine in their clinical education and interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Feng
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Feng Xie
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhijian Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yanqing Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Huang L, Ye L, Li R, Zhang S, Qu C, Li S, Li J, Yang M, Wu B, Chen R, Huang G, Gong B, Li Z, Yang H, Yu M, Shi Y, Wang C, Chen W, Yang Z. Dynamic human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and choroid architecture based on single-cell transcriptomic landscape analysis. Genes Dis 2023; 10:2540-2556. [PMID: 37554187 PMCID: PMC10404887 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and choroid are located behind the human retina and have multiple functions in the human visual system. Knowledge of the RPE and choroid cells and their gene expression profiles are fundamental for understanding retinal disease mechanisms and therapeutic strategies. Here, we sequenced the RNA of about 0.3 million single cells from human RPE and choroids across two regions and seven ages, revealing regional and age differences within the human RPE and choroid. Cell-cell interactions highlight the broad connectivity networks between the RPE and different choroid cell types. Moreover, the transcription factors and their target genes change during aging. The coding of somatic variations increases during aging in the human RPE and choroid at the single-cell level. Moreover, we identified ELN as a candidate for improving RPE degeneration and choroidal structure during aging. The mapping of the molecular architecture of the human RPE and choroid improves our understanding of the human vision support system and offers potential insights into the intervention targets for retinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulin Huang
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
- Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Lin Ye
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Runze Li
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Chao Qu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Shujin Li
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Mu Yang
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Biao Wu
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Ran Chen
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Guo Huang
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Bo Gong
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Hongjie Yang
- Department of Organ Transplant Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Man Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Yi Shi
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Changguan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Zhenglin Yang
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
- Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
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10
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Dogan Z, Ileri C, Ozben B, Sunbul M, Tigen MK, Sahin O, Yesildag O. Evaluation of Arterial Stiffness and Subfoveal Choroidal Thickness in Patients with Coronary Slow Flow. ACTA CARDIOLOGICA SINICA 2023; 39:733-741. [PMID: 37720409 PMCID: PMC10499956 DOI: 10.6515/acs.202309_39(5).20230209a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Background Coronary slow flow may not only affect the coronary arteries, but it may also be a vascular problem affecting the rest of the arterial system. Objective The aim of this study was to determine peripheral arterial stiffness and the thickness of the choroid layer in patients with slow coronary flow. Methods Fifty consecutive patients (age, 54.3 ± 11.4 years, 38 male) with coronary slow flow and 25 consecutive patients (age, 50.5 ± 9.9 years, 16 male) with normal coronary arteries both documented by coronary angiography were included. Arterial stiffness parameters were measured noninvasively using a Mobil-O-Graph arteriography system. The choroidal thickness was assessed using the enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography method. Results The patients with coronary slow flow had significantly higher peripheral systolic blood pressure, peripheral pulse pressure, central pulse pressure, and pulse wave velocity (PWV) and significantly thinner choroidal thickness compared to the controls. Thrombolysis in myocardial infarction frame count was positively correlated with PWV (r: 0.237, p = 0.041) and negatively correlated with choroidal thickness (r: -0.249, p = 0.031). There was also a negative correlation between PWV and mean choroidal thickness (r: -0.565, p < 0.001). Linear regression analysis showed that coronary slow flow was an independent predictor of both PWV and choroidal thickness when adjusted by age and sex. Conclusions The acceleration of average peripheral arterial PWV with a thinning of choroidal thickness in patients with coronary slow flow may support the idea that this phenomenon may be a coronary presentation of a systemic microvascular disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zekeriya Dogan
- Department of Cardiology, Marmara University School of Medicine
| | - Cigdem Ileri
- Department of Cardiology, Kosuyolu Heart Education and Research Hospital
| | - Beste Ozben
- Department of Cardiology, Marmara University School of Medicine
| | - Murat Sunbul
- Department of Cardiology, Marmara University School of Medicine
| | - M Kursat Tigen
- Department of Cardiology, Marmara University School of Medicine
| | - Ozlem Sahin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Osman Yesildag
- Department of Cardiology, Marmara University School of Medicine
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11
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Kaidonis G, Lamy R, Wu J, Yang D, Psaras C, Doan T, Stewart JM. Aqueous Fluid Transcriptome Profiling Differentiates Between Non-Neovascular and Neovascular AMD. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2023; 64:26. [PMID: 37471072 PMCID: PMC10365141 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.64.10.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Early and intermediate non-neovascular AMD (NN-AMD) has the potential to progress to either advanced NN-AMD with geographic atrophy, or to neovascular AMD (N-AMD) with CNV. This exploratory study performed an unbiased analysis of aqueous humor transcriptome in patients with early or intermediate NN-AMD vs. treatment-naïve N-AMD to determine the feasibility of using this method in future studies investigating pathways and triggers for conversion from one form to another. Methods Aqueous humor samples were obtained from 20 patients with early or intermediate NN-AMD and 20 patients with untreated N-AMD, graded on clinical examination and optical coherence tomography. Transcriptome profiles were generated using next-generation sequencing methods optimized for ocular samples. Top-ranked transcripts were compared between groups, and pathway enrichment analysis was performed. Results Seventy-eight differentially expressed transcripts were identified. Unsupervised clustering of differentially expressed transcripts was able to successfully differentiate between the two groups based on aqueous transcriptome alone. Pathway analysis highlighted changes in expression of genes associated with mitochondrial respiration, oxidative stress, ubiquitination, and neurogenesis between the two groups. Conclusions This pilot study compared the aqueous fluid transcriptome of patients with early or intermediate NN-AMD and untreated N-AMD. Differences in transcripts and transcriptome pathways identified in the aqueous of patients with early or intermediate NN-AMD compared with patients with N-AMD are consistent with those previously implicated in the pathogenesis of these distinct AMD subtypes. The findings from this exploratory study warrant further investigation using a larger, prospective study design, with the inclusion of a control group of eyes without AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Kaidonis
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Ricardo Lamy
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center, San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Joshua Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center, San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Daphne Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center, San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Catherine Psaras
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center, San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Thuy Doan
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States
- Francis I. Proctor Foundation, San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Jay M Stewart
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center, San Francisco, California, United States
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12
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Kang J, Gong J, Yang C, Lin X, Yan L, Gong Y, Xu H. Application of Human Stem Cell Derived Retinal Organoids in the Exploration of the Mechanisms of Early Retinal Development. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023:10.1007/s12015-023-10553-x. [PMID: 37269529 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10553-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The intricate neural circuit of retina extracts salient features of the natural world and forms bioelectric impulse as the origin of vision. The early development of retina is a highly complex and coordinated process in morphogenesis and neurogenesis. Increasing evidence indicates that stem cells derived human retinal organoids (hROs) in vitro faithfully recapitulates the embryonic developmental process of human retina no matter in the transcriptome, cellular biology and histomorphology. The emergence of hROs greatly deepens on the understanding of early development of human retina. Here, we reviewed the events of early retinal development both in animal embryos and hROs studies, which mainly comprises the formation of optic vesicle and optic cup shape, differentiation of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), photoreceptor cells (PRs) and its supportive retinal pigment epithelium cells (RPE). We also discussed the classic and frontier molecular pathways up to date to decipher the underlying mechanisms of early development of human retina and hROs. Finally, we summarized the application prospect, challenges and cutting-edge techniques of hROs for uncovering the principles and mechanisms of retinal development and related developmental disorder. hROs is a priori selection for studying human retinal development and function and may be a fundamental tool for unlocking the unknown insight into retinal development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Kang
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jing Gong
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Cao Yang
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xi Lin
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Lijuan Yan
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yu Gong
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
- Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, 400038, China.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Sciences Research Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Haiwei Xu
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
- Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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13
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Krytkowska E, Grabowicz A, Safranow K, Machalińska A. Does the Presence of the Cilioretinal Artery Affect the Incidence, Clinical Picture and Progression of Age-Related Macular Degeneration? Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13091593. [PMID: 37174984 PMCID: PMC10177825 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13091593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The aims of this study were to analyze the relationship between the presence of the cilioretinal artery (CRA) and the incidence, severity and progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and to estimate the influence of the CRA on choroidal and retinal parameters. A total of 287 patients with AMD and 110 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. CRA occurrence was determined using color fundus images. AMD progression was assessed after 3 years. There was no difference in the incidence of CRA between the AMD and control groups (23.34% vs. 24.55%; p = 0.8). Lower-stage AMD was more frequently observed in eyes with the CRA than in eyes without the artery (p = 0.016). The CRA did not influence disease progression (p = 0.79). The CRA did not influence retinal and choroidal thickness and volume parameters or the retinal vessel caliber and functionality in either the AMD or control groups. There was no relationship between CRA presence and CFH Y402H and ARMS2 A69S risk variants. The results did not show a protective effect of the CRA on the incidence and progression of AMD. The CRA may affect the severity of AMD; however, the mechanism of this phenomenon is unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Krytkowska
- First Department of Ophthalmology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Grabowicz
- First Department of Ophthalmology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Safranow
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Anna Machalińska
- First Department of Ophthalmology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
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14
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Park Y, Jeong Y, Son S, Kim DE. AMPK-induced mitochondrial biogenesis decelerates retinal pigment epithelial cell degeneration under nutrient starvation. BMB Rep 2023; 56:84-89. [PMID: 36195569 PMCID: PMC9978359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The implications of nutrient starvation due to aging on the degeneration of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is yet to be fully explored. We examined the involvement of AMPK activation in mitochondrial homeostasis and its relationship with the maintenance of a healthy mitochondrial population and epithelial characteristics of RPE cells under nutrient starvation. Nutrient starvation induced mitochondrial senescence, which led to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in RPE cells. As nutrient starvation persisted, RPE cells underwent pathological epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) via the upregulation of TWIST1, a transcription regulator which is activated by ROS-induced NF-κB signaling. Enhanced activation of AMPK with metformin decelerated mitochondrial senescence and EMT progression through mitochondrial biogenesis, primed by activation of PGC1-α. Thus, by facilitating mitochondrial biogenesis, AMPK protects RPE cells from the loss of epithelial integrity due to the accumulation of ROS in senescent mitochondria under nutrient starvation. [BMB Reports 2023; 56(2): 84-89].
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujin Park
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Yeeun Jeong
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Sumin Son
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Dong-Eun Kim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea,Corresponding author. Tel: +82-2-2049-6062; Fax: +82-2-3436-6062; E-mail:
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15
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Zhao B, Zhu L, Ye M, Lou X, Mou Q, Hu Y, Zhang H, Zhao Y. Oxidative stress and epigenetics in ocular vascular aging: an updated review. Mol Med 2023; 29:28. [PMID: 36849907 PMCID: PMC9972630 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00624-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular aging is an inevitable process with advancing age, which plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular and microvascular diseases. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD), characterized by microvascular dysfunction, are the common causes of irreversible blindness worldwide, however there is still a lack of effective therapeutic strategies for rescuing the visual function. In order to develop novel treatments, it is essential to illuminate the pathological mechanisms underlying the vascular aging during DR and AMD progression. In this review, we have summarized the recent discoveries of the effects of oxidative stress and epigenetics on microvascular degeneration, which could provide potential therapeutic targets for DR and AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Lijia Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Meng Ye
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiaotong Lou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Qianxue Mou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yuanyuan Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Yin Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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16
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Park Y, Jeong Y, Son S, Kim DE. AMPK-induced mitochondrial biogenesis decelerates retinal pigment epithelial cell degeneration under nutrient starvation. BMB Rep 2023; 56:84-89. [PMID: 36195569 PMCID: PMC9978359 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2022-0125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The implications of nutrient starvation due to aging on the degeneration of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is yet to be fully explored. We examined the involvement of AMPK activation in mitochondrial homeostasis and its relationship with the maintenance of a healthy mitochondrial population and epithelial characteristics of RPE cells under nutrient starvation. Nutrient starvation induced mitochondrial senescence, which led to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in RPE cells. As nutrient starvation persisted, RPE cells underwent pathological epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) via the upregulation of TWIST1, a transcription regulator which is activated by ROS-induced NF-κB signaling. Enhanced activation of AMPK with metformin decelerated mitochondrial senescence and EMT progression through mitochondrial biogenesis, primed by activation of PGC1-α. Thus, by facilitating mitochondrial biogenesis, AMPK protects RPE cells from the loss of epithelial integrity due to the accumulation of ROS in senescent mitochondria under nutrient starvation. [BMB Reports 2023; 56(2): 84-89].
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujin Park
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Yeeun Jeong
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Sumin Son
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Dong-Eun Kim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
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17
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Suppression of Age-Related Macular Degeneration-like Pathology by c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase Inhibitor IQ-1S. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020395. [PMID: 36830932 PMCID: PMC9953667 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of irreversible visual impairment worldwide. The development of AMD is associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, and progressive proteostasis imbalance, in the regulation of which c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) play a crucial role. JNK inhibition is discussed as an alternative way for prevention and treatment of AMD and other neurodegenerative diseases. Here we assess the retinoprotective potential of the recently synthesized JNK inhibitor 11H-indeno[1,2-b]quinoxalin-11-one oxime sodium salt (IQ-1S) using senescence-accelerated OXYS rats as a model of AMD. The treatment with IQ-1S (50 mg/kg body weight intragastric) during the period of active disease development (from 4.5 to 6 months of age) improved some (but not all) histological abnormalities associated with retinopathy. IQ-1S improved blood circulation, increased the functional activity of the retinal pigment epithelium, reduced the VEGF expression in the endothelial cells, and increased the expression of PEDF in the neuroretina. The result was a decrease in the degeneration of photoreceptors and neurons of the inner layers. IQ-1S significantly improved the retinal ultrastructure and increased the number of mitochondria, which were significantly reduced in the neuroretina of OXYS rats compared to Wistar rats. It seems probable that using IQ-1S can be a good prophylactic strategy to treat AMD.
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18
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Yasukawa T, Sasaki M, Motomura K, Yuki K, Kurihara T, Tomita Y, Mori K, Ozawa N, Ozawa Y, Yamagishi K, Hanyuda A, Sawada N, Tsubota K, Tsugane S, Iso H. Association Between Fatty Acid Intakes and Age-Related Macular Degeneration in a Japanese Population: JPHC-NEXT Eye Study. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2023; 12:3. [PMID: 36595278 PMCID: PMC9819671 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.12.1.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To determine the associations between fatty acid intakes and the prevalence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) under a population-based cross-sectional study. Methods Residents of Chikusei City aged ≥40 years underwent systemic and eye screening. AMD was graded according to a modified version of the Age-Related Eye Disease Study classification. Dietary intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire and was adjusted for total energy intake. Results Altogether, 10,788 eyes of 5394 participants, 2116 men (mean [standard deviation (SD)] age, 62.4 [9.4] years) and 3278 women (60.6 [9.5] years), were included. The mean daily total fat intakes were 52.8 g and 59.0 g in men and women, respectively. After adjustments for potential confounders, saturated fatty acid (SFA) intake was inversely associated with the prevalence of any AMD in men (for each energy-adjusted 1-SD increase: odds ratio [OR], 0.86; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.74-1.00). Significant trends were found for decreasing odds ratios of AMD with increasing SFA, monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake (P for trend = 0.02, 0.04, and 0.04, respectively). In women, only a significant association was observed between the second quartile of linolenic acid intake and the prevalence of any AMD (OR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.62-0.99). Conclusions We found an inverse association of SFA intake and a weak inverse association of MUFA and PUFA intakes with the prevalence of any AMD in a Japanese population. Translational Relevance Adequate fatty acid intake may be necessary to prevent or decelerate AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyo Yasukawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mariko Sasaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan,Tachikawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan,National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaoru Motomura
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenya Yuki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshihide Kurihara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yohei Tomita
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiwako Mori
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Ozawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Ozawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Yamagishi
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Health Services Research and Development Center, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan,Ibaraki Western Medical Center, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Akiko Hanyuda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norie Sawada
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuo Tsubota
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan,National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Health Services Research and Development Center, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan,Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan,Institute for Global Health Policy Research, Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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19
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He J, Liu Y, Zhang A, Liu Q, Yang X, Sun N, Yao B, Liang F, Yan X, Liu Y, Mao H, Chen X, Tang NJ, Yan H. Joint effects of meteorological factors and PM 2.5 on age-related macular degeneration: a national cross-sectional study in China. Environ Health Prev Med 2023; 28:3. [PMID: 36631073 PMCID: PMC9845061 DOI: 10.1265/ehpm.22-00237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Weather conditions are a possible contributing factor to age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a leading cause of irreversible loss of vision. The present study evaluated the joint effects of meteorological factors and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on AMD. METHODS Data was extracted from a national cross-sectional survey conducted across 10 provinces in rural China. A total of 36,081 participants aged 40 and older were recruited. AMD was diagnosed clinically by slit-lamp ophthalmoscopy, fundus photography, and spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT). Meteorological data were calculated by European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalysis and were matched to participants' home addresses by latitude and longitude. Participants' individual PM2.5 exposure concentrations were calculated by a satellite-based model at a 1-km resolution level. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models paired with interaction analysis were performed to investigate the joint effects of meteorological factors and PM2.5 on AMD. RESULTS The prevalence of AMD in the study population was 2.6% (95% CI 2.42-2.76%). The average annual PM2.5 level during the study period was 63.1 ± 15.3 µg/m3. A significant positive association was detected between AMD and PM2.5 level, temperature (T), and relative humidity (RH), in both the independent and the combined effect models. For PM2.5, compared with the lowest quartile, the odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) across increasing quartiles were 0.828 (0.674,1.018), 1.105 (0.799,1.528), and 2.602 (1.516,4.468). Positive associations were observed between AMD and temperature, with ORs (95% CI) of 1.625 (1.059,2.494), 1.619 (1.026,2.553), and 3.276 (1.841,5.830), across increasing quartiles. In the interaction analysis, the estimated relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) and the attributable proportion (AP) for combined atmospheric pressure and PM2.5 was 0.864 (0.586,1.141) and 1.180 (0.768,1.592), respectively, indicating a synergistic effect between PM2.5 and atmospheric pressure. CONCLUSIONS This study is among the first to characterize the coordinated effects of meteorological factors and PM2.5 on AMD. The findings warrant further investigation to elucidate the relationship between ambient environment and AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Ai Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Qianfeng Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Xueli Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Naixiu Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Baoqun Yao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Fengchao Liang
- School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiaochang Yan
- National School of Development, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - Hongjun Mao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Nai-jun Tang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Hua Yan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China,Laboratory of Molecular Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ocular Trauma, Tianjin, 300070, China
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Cheng W, Song Y, Gao X, Lin F, Li F, Wang P, Hu K, Li H, Li Y, Chen L, Jonas JB, Wang W, Zhang X. Axial Length and Choriocapillaris Flow Deficits in Non-pathological High Myopia. Am J Ophthalmol 2022; 244:68-78. [PMID: 35970207 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2022.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the relationship between axial length (AL) and choriocapillaris (CC) flow deficits percentage (FD%) in non-pathological highly myopic eyes. DESIGN Prospective cross-sectional study. METHODS This study included Chinese patients with non-pathological high myopia, which was defined by an AL of > 26 mm and a META-PM classification grade of <2. Swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography was used to obtain 6 × 6 mm images of the macular CC. The CC FD% was measured in the fovea, parafovea, and perifovea subfields. RESULTS A total of 1017 individuals (1017 eyes) with a mean age of 35.95 ± 14.11 years were included. After adjusting for age, sex, intraocular pressure, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, and image quality score, the overall CC FD% increased by 0.27% (95% CI 0.02, 0.52; P = .034) for each mm increase in AL. Among subfields, longer AL was associated with a higher CC FD% in the perifovea (β = 0.53, 95% CI 0.30, 0.77; P < .001), and was not associated with a higher CC FD% in the parafovea (β = 0.08, 95% CI -0.26, 0.42; P = .652) and fovea (β = 0.001, 95% CI -0.50, 0.50; P = .999). CONCLUSIONS The CC FD% increased with a longer AL in high myopia in the perifovea region but not in the fovea and parafovea fields. These findings may be of interest in elucidating the etiology of myopic axial elongation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijing Cheng
- From State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (W.C, Y.S, X.G, F.L, F.L, P.W, K.H, W.W, X.Z)
| | - Yunhe Song
- From State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (W.C, Y.S, X.G, F.L, F.L, P.W, K.H, W.W, X.Z)
| | - Xinbo Gao
- From State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (W.C, Y.S, X.G, F.L, F.L, P.W, K.H, W.W, X.Z)
| | - Fengbin Lin
- From State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (W.C, Y.S, X.G, F.L, F.L, P.W, K.H, W.W, X.Z)
| | - Fei Li
- From State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (W.C, Y.S, X.G, F.L, F.L, P.W, K.H, W.W, X.Z)
| | - Peiyuan Wang
- From State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (W.C, Y.S, X.G, F.L, F.L, P.W, K.H, W.W, X.Z)
| | - Kun Hu
- From State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (W.C, Y.S, X.G, F.L, F.L, P.W, K.H, W.W, X.Z)
| | - Hao Li
- Ophthalmology Department, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China (H.L)
| | - Yingjie Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of Nanchang City, Nanchang, China (Y.L)
| | - Lina Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The People's Third Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (L.C)
| | - Jost B Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany (J.B.J); Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel, Switzerland (J.B.J)
| | - Wei Wang
- From State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (W.C, Y.S, X.G, F.L, F.L, P.W, K.H, W.W, X.Z).
| | - Xiulan Zhang
- From State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (W.C, Y.S, X.G, F.L, F.L, P.W, K.H, W.W, X.Z).
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21
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Li Y, Lu S, Zhang Y, Li J, Xiong L. High-Resolution Imaging of the Ocular Vasculature of Conjunctivitis in Mice Using Highly Bright Polymer Dots. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2200978. [PMID: 36027786 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202200978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Ocular diseases are mainly caused by vascular aberrations in the eye, and accurate imaging and analysis of the ocular vascular structure is crucial. In this study, poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-alt-benzothiadiazole) (PFBT) polymer dots (Pdots), with the advantages of easy synthesis, high brightness, and low toxicity, are used as nanoprobes to perform high-resolution imaging of the vasculature of the eyeball and optic nerve. Moreover, rapid imaging of the choroidal microvessels is carried out by stereoscopic fluorescence microscopy with a resolution of up to 1.6 µm. The comprehensive 3D vascular information of retinal aorta and optic nerve microvessels is obtained by combining tissue clearing and multiphoton microscopy. In addition, the vascular density of Schlemm's canal and iris blood vessels is compared between the conjunctivitis mice and the normal mice. These results suggest that PFBT Pdots have great application potential in the fast and accurate imaging of ocular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqiao Li
- Shanghai Med-X Engineering Center for Medical Equipment and Technology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
| | - Shuting Lu
- Shanghai Med-X Engineering Center for Medical Equipment and Technology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
| | - Yufan Zhang
- Shanghai Med-X Engineering Center for Medical Equipment and Technology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
| | - Jingru Li
- Shanghai Med-X Engineering Center for Medical Equipment and Technology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
| | - Liqin Xiong
- Shanghai Med-X Engineering Center for Medical Equipment and Technology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
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22
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Chantarasorn Y, Smitthimathin W, Vorasayan P. The role of dual antiplatelets in geographic atrophy secondary to non-neovascular aged-related macular degeneration. FRONTIERS IN OPHTHALMOLOGY 2022; 2:984903. [PMID: 38983510 PMCID: PMC11182290 DOI: 10.3389/fopht.2022.984903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Background To evaluate the effects of dual antiplatelets on progression of geographic atrophy (GA) secondary to age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and to determine additional factors predicting rapid GA growth. Material and Methods In this retrospective cohort study, patients with unifocal GA were consecutively enrolled (one eye per patient) from 2018 to 2021. The patients were categorized as 1. those receiving dual antiplatelet therapy containing a daily dose of 75 mg clopidogrel plus 81 mg aspirin (DAPT group), and 2. those not receiving DAPT (control group). Areas of GA, based on red-filtered fundus autofluorescence, were measured at baseline, and at 3, 6, and 12 months. The primary outcome was absolute 12-month changes in the square root (SQRT) area. Results One eye in each group developed neovascular AMD and was excluded from the analysis. The DAPT (24 eyes) and control (22 eyes) groups had comparable age and baseline SQRT area (1.2 ± 0.27 and 1.8 ± 0.41 mm, respectively; p adjusted for age = 0.23). At 12 months, after controlling for age and the presence of soft drusen or reticular pseudodrusen, patients receiving DAPT had fewer changes in the SQRT area than that of the control group (0.097 vs. 0.17 mm; p = 0.02). The presence of drusen significantly predicted increased GA growth and choroidal thickness reduction. Conclusions Routine uses of dual antiplatelets were associated with decelerating GA growth. Drusen-associated GA may represent a generalized form of choroidal vascular alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yodpong Chantarasorn
- Department of Ophthalmology, Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Warin Smitthimathin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Metta Pracharak Hospital, Ministry of Public Health, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Pongpat Vorasayan
- Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
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23
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Fehér J, Élő Á, István L, Nagy ZZ, Radák Z, Scuderi G, Artico M, Kovács I. Microbiota mitochondria disorders as hubs for early age-related macular degeneration. GeroScience 2022; 44:2623-2653. [PMID: 35978068 PMCID: PMC9385247 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00620-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease affecting the central area (macula lutea) of the retina. Research on the pathogenic mechanism of AMD showed complex cellular contribution governed by such risk factors as aging, genetic predisposition, diet, and lifestyle. Recent studies suggested that microbiota is a transducer and a modifier of risk factors for neurodegenerative diseases, and mitochondria may be one of the intracellular targets of microbial signaling molecules. This review explores studies supporting a new concept on the contribution of microbiota-mitochondria disorders to AMD. We discuss metabolic, vascular, immune, and neuronal mechanism in AMD as well as key alterations of photoreceptor cells, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), Bruch's membrane, choriocapillaris endothelial, immune, and neuronal cells. Special attention was paid to alterations of mitochondria contact sites (MCSs), an organelle network of mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, lipid droplets (LDs), and peroxisomes being documented based on our own electron microscopic findings from surgically removed human eyes. Morphometry of Bruch's membrane lipids and proteoglycans has also been performed in early AMD and aged controls. Microbial metabolites (short-chain fatty acids, polyphenols, and secondary bile acids) and microbial compounds (lipopolysaccharide, peptidoglycan, and bacterial DNA)-now called postbiotics-in addition to local effects on resident microbiota and mucous membrane, regulate systemic metabolic, vascular, immune, and neuronal mechanisms in normal conditions and in various common diseases. We also discuss their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and metabolic effects as well as experimental and clinical observations on regulating the main processes of photoreceptor renewal, mitophagy, and autophagy in early AMD. These findings support an emerging concept that microbiota-mitochondria disorders may be a crucial pathogenic mechanism of early AMD; and similarly, to other age-related neurodegenerative diseases, new treatment approaches should be targeted at these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- János Fehér
- PRIMAVERA Program, Nutripharma Hungaria Ltd., Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Élő
- grid.11804.3c0000 0001 0942 9821Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lilla István
- grid.11804.3c0000 0001 0942 9821Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Zsolt Nagy
- grid.11804.3c0000 0001 0942 9821Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Radák
- grid.472475.70000 0000 9243 1481Research Institute of Sport Science, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gianluca Scuderi
- grid.7841.aOphthalmology Unit, NESMOS Department, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Artico
- grid.417007.5Department of Sensory Organs, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Illés Kovács
- grid.11804.3c0000 0001 0942 9821Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary ,grid.5386.8000000041936877XDepartment of Ophthalmology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, NY USA
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Fabre M, Mateo L, Lamaa D, Baillif S, Pagès G, Demange L, Ronco C, Benhida R. Recent Advances in Age-Related Macular Degeneration Therapies. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27165089. [PMID: 36014339 PMCID: PMC9414333 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) was described for the first time in the 1840s and is currently the leading cause of blindness for patients over 65 years in Western Countries. This disease impacts the eye’s posterior segment and damages the macula, a retina section with high levels of photoreceptor cells and responsible for the central vision. Advanced AMD stages are divided into the atrophic (dry) form and the exudative (wet) form. Atrophic AMD consists in the progressive atrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and the outer retinal layers, while the exudative form results in the anarchic invasion by choroidal neo-vessels of RPE and the retina. This invasion is responsible for fluid accumulation in the intra/sub-retinal spaces and for a progressive dysfunction of the photoreceptor cells. To date, the few existing anti-AMD therapies may only delay or suspend its progression, without providing cure to patients. However, in the last decade, an outstanding number of research programs targeting its different aspects have been initiated by academics and industrials. This review aims to bring together the most recent advances and insights into the mechanisms underlying AMD pathogenicity and disease evolution, and to highlight the current hypotheses towards the development of new treatments, i.e., symptomatic vs. curative. The therapeutic options and drugs proposed to tackle these mechanisms are analyzed and critically compared. A particular emphasis has been given to the therapeutic agents currently tested in clinical trials, whose results have been carefully collected and discussed whenever possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Fabre
- Institut de Chimie de Nice UMR 7272, Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, 06108 Nice, France
| | - Lou Mateo
- Institut de Chimie de Nice UMR 7272, Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, 06108 Nice, France
| | - Diana Lamaa
- CiTCoM, UMR 8038 CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Paris Cité, 4, Avenue de l’Observatoire, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Baillif
- Ophthalmology Department, University Hospital of Nice, 30 Avenue De La Voie Romaine, 06000 Nice, France
| | - Gilles Pagès
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging (IRCAN), UMR 7284 and INSERM U 1081, Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS 28 Avenue de Valombrose, 06107 Nice, France
| | - Luc Demange
- Institut de Chimie de Nice UMR 7272, Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, 06108 Nice, France
- CiTCoM, UMR 8038 CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Paris Cité, 4, Avenue de l’Observatoire, 75006 Paris, France
- Correspondence: (L.D.); (C.R.); (R.B.)
| | - Cyril Ronco
- Institut de Chimie de Nice UMR 7272, Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, 06108 Nice, France
- Correspondence: (L.D.); (C.R.); (R.B.)
| | - Rachid Benhida
- Institut de Chimie de Nice UMR 7272, Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, 06108 Nice, France
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Sciences-Green Process Engineering (CBS-GPE), Mohamed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Benguerir 43150, Morocco
- Correspondence: (L.D.); (C.R.); (R.B.)
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25
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Liang CL, Wang CM, Jung CR, Chang YC, Lin CJ, Lin YT, Hwang BF. Fine particulate matter measured by satellites predicts the risk of age-related macular degeneration in a longitudinal cohort study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:51942-51950. [PMID: 35257331 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19278-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Although studies have revealed that ambient particulate matter (PM) has detrimental effects on the ocular surface, there have been limited reports detailing the effect of ambient PM on the posterior segment of the eye. A large-scale longitudinal cohort study evaluating the association between fine PM, especially PM2.5, and the retina could elucidate the risk of ambient pollutants for retinal diseases. We investigated the association between PM2.5 and the development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). We conducted a population-based cohort study of 4,284,128 participants in Taiwan between 2001 and 2011. PM2.5 was continuously measured by satellites and subsequently assigned to each geographic district along with its postcode. A time-dependent Cox proportional-hazard model was used to assess the overall effects of average PM2.5. We used distributed lag non-linear models to evaluate the dose-response relationship between PM2.5 and AMD development. The annual mean of PM2.5 exposure was 34.23 ± 7.17 μg/m3. The PM2.5 concentrations were highest in spring, followed by those in winter, autumn, and summer. Twelve thousand ninety-five new AMD cases were reported during the study period. After adjusting for covariates, the AMD risk increased by 19% (95% confidence interval 1.13-1.25) for a 10 μg/m3 PM2.5 increase. The present study demonstrated that chronic exposure to PM2.5 increases the risk of AMD. Almost half of the Taiwanese live in a polluted area where the PM2.5 levels are higher than the World Health Organization recommended air quality guideline of 10 μg/m3 had a 1.4-fold risk, which significantly increases concern about their visual health and social burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Ling Liang
- Center for Myopia and Eye Disease, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Bright Eyes Clinic, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Min Wang
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chau-Ren Jung
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Japan Environment and Children's Study Programme Office, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Ya-Chu Chang
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ju Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Optometry, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Lin
- Big Data Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, North District, No. 2, Yude Road, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan
| | - Bing-Fang Hwang
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia UniversityJingmao RdBeitun Dist, No. 100, Sec. 1, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan.
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26
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Minnella AM, Centini C, Gambini G, Savastano MC, Pagliei V, Falsini B, Rizzo S, Ciasca G, Maceroni M. Choroidal Thickness Changes After Intravitreal Aflibercept Injections in Treatment-Naïve Neovascular AMD. Adv Ther 2022; 39:3248-3261. [PMID: 35597837 PMCID: PMC9239952 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-022-02129-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Choroidal thickness (CT) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of various ocular diseases, including neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). Previous studies evaluated the CT variations after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injections in patients with nAMD, but the results are still controversial. The present study aimed to evaluate the CT at different times (15, 30, 60, 90, and 365 days) after intravitreal aflibercept injections and its correlation with the baseline CT in treatment-naïve patients with nAMD. Secondly, the study evaluated the correlation between CT variation at 365 days and the number of intravitreal injections received. Methods This was a prospective, open-label, single-arm pilot study. Twenty-one treatment-naïve nAMD eyes were enrolled. The study population underwent three monthly aflibercept injections (loading phase) and additional injections as needed (pro re nata regimen). A complete ophthalmological examination, including optical coherence tomography (OCT) was performed at each visit. CT was measured manually by two independent observers. All patients were evaluated at baseline and at 15, 30, 60, 90, and 365 days after the first intravitreal injection. Results CT showed a statistically significant reduction at days 15, 90, and 365 in comparison to baseline. However, the major reduction of CT was observed at day 15 and in eyes with a thicker choroid at baseline. No significant correlation between CT variation and the number of injections performed was found. Conclusion Our findings contribute to clarifying the role of aflibercept injections in choroidal vasculature, confirming its effect after the first 2 weeks. Moreover, CT can be considered as a potential biomarker, as it reflects the pharmacological effect of anti-VEGF drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Maria Minnella
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- UOC Oftalmologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Gloria Gambini
- UOC Oftalmologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Savastano
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- UOC Oftalmologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Pagliei
- Dipartimento di biotecnologie e scienze cliniche applicate, Università de L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Benedetto Falsini
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- UOC Oftalmologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Stanislao Rizzo
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- UOC Oftalmologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Ciasca
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli, 8, 00168 Rome, RM Italy
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27
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Zhao TT, Wen-Fei W, Kun G, Si-Ming L, Ye J, Yang ZF, Jian-Nan L, Yan-Li W, Shao-Min P. Fibroblast growth factor-21 alleviates phenotypic characteristics of dry age-related macular degeneration in mice. Exp Eye Res 2022; 218:109014. [PMID: 35245515 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2022.109014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the main cause of blindness in elderly individuals. As a metabolic regulator, fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21) has been proven indicated to have an effect on wet AMD, but whether this cytokine has a therapeutic effect on dry AMD is unclear. The current study aimed to evaluate the preventive effects of FGF-21 against retinal degeneration in mice and provide mechanistic insights. FGF-21-/- mice were raised to 10 months of age. Then, the morphological changes in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)/choroid of the mice were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and iTRAQ was used to detect the variations in the protein profile. Next, FGF-21-/- and wild-type mice of the same age were fed hydroquinone to generate a dry AMD mouse model to examine whether exogenous FGF-21 can interfere with the occurrence and development of dry AMD. In vivo studies revealed that following FGF-21 knockout, there was an increase in the expression of complement in the RPE/choroid concomitant with the occurrence of dry AMD-like pathological changes. Furthermore, exogenous FGF-21 administration effectively reversed this phenomenon. FGF-21 also demonstrated strong anti-inflammatory effects in the RPE/choroid by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that FGF-21 treatment presents a novel therapeutic approach for the prevention and development of dry AMD by reducing complement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Zhao
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, 410015, China; Harbin Aier Eye Hospital, Harbin, 150016, China.
| | - Wang Wen-Fei
- School of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Gao Kun
- School of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Li Si-Ming
- Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150076, China.
| | - Jiang Ye
- School of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Zhi-Feng Yang
- School of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Liu Jian-Nan
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, 410015, China; Harbin Aier Eye Hospital, Harbin, 150016, China.
| | - Wang Yan-Li
- School of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Peng Shao-Min
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, 410015, China; Harbin Aier Eye Hospital, Harbin, 150016, China; Aier Retina Institute, Changsha, 410015, China.
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28
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Collin GB, Shi L, Yu M, Akturk N, Charette JR, Hyde LF, Weatherly SM, Pera MF, Naggert JK, Peachey NS, Nishina PM, Krebs MP. A Splicing Mutation in Slc4a5 Results in Retinal Detachment and Retinal Pigment Epithelium Dysfunction. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:2220. [PMID: 35216333 PMCID: PMC8875008 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluid and solute transporters of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) are core components of the outer blood-retinal barrier. Characterizing these transporters and their role in retinal homeostasis may provide insights into ocular function and disease. Here, we describe RPE defects in tvrm77 mice, which exhibit hypopigmented patches in the central retina. Mapping and nucleotide sequencing of tvrm77 mice revealed a disrupted 5' splice donor sequence in Slc4a5, a sodium bicarbonate cotransporter gene. Slc4a5 expression was reduced 19.7-fold in tvrm77 RPE relative to controls, and alternative splice variants were detected. SLC4A5 was localized to the Golgi apparatus of cultured human RPE cells and in apical and basal membranes. Fundus imaging, optical coherence tomography, microscopy, and electroretinography (ERG) of tvrm77 mice revealed retinal detachment, hypopigmented patches corresponding to neovascular lesions, and retinal folds. Detachment worsened and outer nuclear layer thickness decreased with age. ERG a- and b-wave response amplitudes were initially normal but declined in older mice. The direct current ERG fast oscillation and light peak were reduced in amplitude at all ages, whereas other RPE-associated responses were unaffected. These results link a new Slc4a5 mutation to subretinal fluid accumulation and altered light-evoked RPE electrophysiological responses, suggesting that SLC4A5 functions at the outer blood-retinal barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayle B. Collin
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA; (G.B.C.); (L.S.); (N.A.); (J.R.C.); (L.F.H.); (S.M.W.); (M.F.P.); (J.K.N.)
| | - Lanying Shi
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA; (G.B.C.); (L.S.); (N.A.); (J.R.C.); (L.F.H.); (S.M.W.); (M.F.P.); (J.K.N.)
| | - Minzhong Yu
- Department of Ophthalmic Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (M.Y.); (N.S.P.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Nurten Akturk
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA; (G.B.C.); (L.S.); (N.A.); (J.R.C.); (L.F.H.); (S.M.W.); (M.F.P.); (J.K.N.)
| | - Jeremy R. Charette
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA; (G.B.C.); (L.S.); (N.A.); (J.R.C.); (L.F.H.); (S.M.W.); (M.F.P.); (J.K.N.)
| | - Lillian F. Hyde
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA; (G.B.C.); (L.S.); (N.A.); (J.R.C.); (L.F.H.); (S.M.W.); (M.F.P.); (J.K.N.)
| | - Sonia M. Weatherly
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA; (G.B.C.); (L.S.); (N.A.); (J.R.C.); (L.F.H.); (S.M.W.); (M.F.P.); (J.K.N.)
| | - Martin F. Pera
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA; (G.B.C.); (L.S.); (N.A.); (J.R.C.); (L.F.H.); (S.M.W.); (M.F.P.); (J.K.N.)
| | - Jürgen K. Naggert
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA; (G.B.C.); (L.S.); (N.A.); (J.R.C.); (L.F.H.); (S.M.W.); (M.F.P.); (J.K.N.)
| | - Neal S. Peachey
- Department of Ophthalmic Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (M.Y.); (N.S.P.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, 10701 East Boulevard, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Patsy M. Nishina
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA; (G.B.C.); (L.S.); (N.A.); (J.R.C.); (L.F.H.); (S.M.W.); (M.F.P.); (J.K.N.)
| | - Mark P. Krebs
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA; (G.B.C.); (L.S.); (N.A.); (J.R.C.); (L.F.H.); (S.M.W.); (M.F.P.); (J.K.N.)
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Takahashi K, Iida T, Ishida S, Crawford B, Sakai Y, Mochizuki A, Tsujiuchi R, Tanaka S, Imai K. Effectiveness of Current Treatments for Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Japan: A Systematic Review and Pooled Data Analysis. Clin Ophthalmol 2022; 16:531-540. [PMID: 35250261 PMCID: PMC8888332 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s345403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose We conducted a systematic review to investigate the effectiveness of clinical treatments for wet age-related macular degeneration (wAMD) in Japanese patients in the decade since anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapies were introduced. Methods PubMed was searched for articles published in English between 1 January 2008 and 30 September 2018 using a multistring search strategy. Reviews were scanned for additional relevant studies and select gray literature was evaluated. Mean and/or median for the logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) visual acuity (VA), central retinal thickness (CRT), and the number of injections after 12 months of treatment were calculated using extracted data. Data were stratified by disease type and treatment modality. Results Of 335 studies identified, 94 were selected for data extraction (147 treatment arms; typical AMD, n = 25; polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy [PCV], n = 85). Mean (median) logMAR VA was 0.44 (0.32) for typical AMD and 0.34 (0.31) for PCV; the respective mean number of anti-VEGF injections was 5.6 and 4.6. The mean CRT was approximately 220 μm for both groups. For typical AMD, anti-VEGF monotherapy resulted in better VA outcomes than photodynamic therapy (PDT) alone. For PCV, anti-VEGF monotherapy or anti-VEGF plus PDT combination therapy resulted in better VA and CRT outcomes than PDT monotherapy. Combination therapy required fewer injections than anti-VEGF monotherapy (PCV, 3.2 versus 5.3). Conclusion wAMD treatment has advanced dramatically in the years since anti-VEGF drugs were introduced in Japan. Discrete patient populations may benefit from differing management regimens, including the fewer injections required with combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanji Takahashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Iida
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Susumu Ishida
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | | | - Yoko Sakai
- Syneos Health Clinical K.K., Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akikazu Mochizuki
- Novartis Pharma K.K., Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Correspondence: Akikazu Mochizuki, Novartis Pharma K.K., 23-1, Toranomon 1-chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan, Tel +81 3 6899 8000, Fax +81 3 6257 3634, Email
| | | | | | - Kota Imai
- Novartis Pharma K.K., Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Altunel O, Ozsaygili C. Assessment of choriocapillaris/Sattler and Haller layer changes after intravitreal injection in eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration: aflibercept vs ranibizumab. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2022; 66:159-166. [PMID: 34982296 DOI: 10.1007/s10384-021-00894-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the changes in choriocapillaris (CC)/Sattler and Haller layer thicknesses in eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) after aflibercept or ranibizumab injections. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective. METHODS A total of 70 eyes of 70 patients with treatment-naïve exudative nAMD were treated with 3 consecutive injections of aflibercept (IVA) or ranibizumab (IVR). CC/Sattler and Haller layer thicknesses were measured at the nasal and temporal regions 1000 µm from the center of the fovea by enhanced-depth imaging optical coherence tomography at baseline and after the 3 monthly intravitreal injections. In addition, the hyperfluorescence region (HF) was measured as the largest horizontal diameter of the hyperfluorescence area on the early-middle phase fluorescein angiographic images at baseline and after the 3 loading doses. RESULTS After the 3 consecutive injections, the mean reductions in the nasal/temporal CC/Sattler layer thicknesses in the IVR and IVA groups were - 10.1 ± 2.3/ - 8.5 ± 1.8 and - 25.2 ± 15.2/ - 19.4 ± 12.8 μm, respectively. Also, the mean reductions in the nasal/temporal Haller layer thicknesses in the IVR and IVA groups were - 6.5 ± 3.6/ - 7.2 ± 7.9 and - 9.5 ± 8.0/ - 7.0 ± 6.2 μm, respectively. The changes in the CC/Sattler layer thicknesses of the IVA group were greater than those of the IVR group (P < .001); however, the changes in the Haller layer thickness were similar between the groups (P > .05). The mean decrease in the HF size of the IVA group was greater than that of the IVR group (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Aflibercept treatment has a more pronounced effect on the CC/Sattler layer. Such results may indicate that aflibercept treatment influences choroidal neovascularization, possibly by reducing the capillary permeability associated with active neovascularization in the CC layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orhan Altunel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kutahya Health Sciences University, School of Medicine, Kutahya, Turkey.
| | - Cemal Ozsaygili
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kayseri City Education and Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
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Corneal-compensated intraocular pressure, Goldmann-correlated intraocular pressure and their associated factors in the geriatric population, a population-based study. Int Ophthalmol 2022; 42:2085-2092. [PMID: 34981293 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-021-02207-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the distribution of corneal-compensated intraocular pressure (IOPcc), Goldmann-correlated intraocular pressure (IOPg) and their associated factors in a geriatric population. METHODS The present cross-sectional study was performed in individuals above 60 years of age in Tehran, the capital of Iran. The sampling was performed using multi-stage random cluster sampling method. All participants underwent preliminary ocular examinations, and then imaging by Pentacam HR and IOL master 500. Measurement of IOPg, IOPcc, and corneal biomechanical indices including corneal hysteresis (CH) and corneal resistant factor (CRF) was performed in a random sub-sample using ocular response analyzer (ORA). RESULTS The mean IOPg and IOPcc were 16.76 ± 4.71 mmHg and 19.05 ± 4.67 mmHg, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in both IOPg (p = 0.891) and IOPcc (p = 0.248) between males and females. Based on the multiple linear regression models, both IOPg and IOPcc showed a statistically significant direct relationship with CRF (P < 0.001) and a significant inverse relationship with CH (P < 0.001 for IOPg and IOPcc), anterior chamber angle (ACA) (p = 0.006 for IOPg and p = 0.017 for IOPcc), and spherical equivalent refractive error (p = 0.032 for IOPg and p = 0.046 for IOPcc). CONCLUSION Mean IOPg and IOPcc in the present study were higher compared to most previous studies. Corneal biomechanical indices including CH and CRF, refractive error and anterior chamber angle were independent associated factors of IOPg and IOPcc in the present study. There was no significant relationship between ORA-derived IOP values and CCT.
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32
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Rai BB, Essex RW, Sabeti F, Maddess T, Rohan EMF, van Kleef JP, Carle CF. An Objective Perimetry Study of Central Versus Peripheral Sensitivities and Delays in Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2021; 10:24. [PMID: 34932115 PMCID: PMC8711003 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.10.14.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to compare central versus peripheral retinal sensitivities and delays in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) using US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-cleared multifocal pupillographic objective perimetry (mfPOP). Methods We recruited 18 patients with nAMD and commenced Pro re nata intravitreal anti- vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injection. We compared macular (±15 degrees) and wide-field (±30 degrees) mfPOP variants. We examined temporal correlations between treated and untreated fellow eyes. We fitted linear models to selected treatment patterns, and compared the ability of central versus peripheral responses to predict the need for treatment. Results Central sensitivity decreased by -2.23 ± 0.051 dB/month (P < 0.0002) in treated eyes, and -0.17 ± 0.07 dB/month (P = 0.033) in untreated eyes. Treated eyes showed quicker central responses by 13.08 ± 3.77 ms than untreated eyes (P = 0.001). Based on peripheral responses, we identified two eye-types. Among positive-eyes peripheral sensitivity increased by 9.88 ± 4.41 dB (P = 0.042) before treatment; delays increased by 3.49 ± 1.75 ms/month (P = 0.049). For negative-eyes peripheral delays were shorter a month before treatment by 9.38 ± 3.59 ms (P = 0.013). Correlations between treatment and peripheral sensitivities or delays peaked at 1 to 2 months post-treatment. Peripheral data significantly determined treatment frequency and final acuity (all P < 0.044). Conclusions Peripheral macular function of treated and untreated eyes divided eyes into positive and negative groups. Those peripheral responses determined outcomes; changes preceding active disease by 1 to 3 months. Overall, mfPOP may provide potential biomarkers to assist nAMD management. Translational Relevance Objective perimetry may identify the requirement for treatment in nAMD that accords with the decision of a skilled clinician based on optical coherence tomography (OCT) and clinical findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhim B Rai
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Australia Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Rohan W Essex
- Academic Unit, ANU Medical School, ANU, Canberra, Australia Capital Territory, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Canberra Hospital, ACT Health, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Faran Sabeti
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Australia Capital Territory, Australia
- School of Optometry, University of Canberra, Bruce, Canberra, Australia Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Ted Maddess
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Australia Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Emilie M F Rohan
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Australia Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Joshua P van Kleef
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Australia Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Corinne F Carle
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Australia Capital Territory, Australia
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Savastano MC, Rizzo C, Gambini G, Savastano A, Falsini B, Bacherini D, Caputo CG, Kilian R, Faraldi F, De Vico U, Rizzo S. Choriocapillaris Vascular Density Changes: Healthy vs. Advanced Exudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration Previously Treated with Multiple Anti-VEGF Intravitreal Injections. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11111958. [PMID: 34829305 PMCID: PMC8621604 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11111958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To assess choriocapillaris vascular density (VD) in healthy and advanced exudative age-related macular degeneration (ae-AMD) patients by new full-range optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A). Method: In this observational, cross-sectional study, 21 healthy and 21 ae-AMD eyes, already treated with anti-VEGF, were enrolled. Angio-View retina patterns centered on fovea (6.4 × 6.4 mm) were acquired for all participants using Solix full-range OCT (Optovue Inc., Freemont, CA, USA). The main outcome was to compare choriocapillaris VD between healthy and ae-AMD eyes. Automated measurements of whole image choriocapillaris VD (%) and fovea grid-based (%) were collected for the analysis. Angio-View patterns were used to assess the flow area (mm2) of macular neovascularization (MNV) by contour flow measure algorithm. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of both groups was also used for the statistical analysis. Results: The mean age was 60.9 (±8.3) in healthy and 73.33 (±15.05) in ae-AMD eyes. The mean BCVA (ETDRS letters) was 98.47 (±1.50) in healthy and 7.04 (±5.96) in ae-AMD eyes. The Mann–Whitney test comparing choriocapillaries VD for whole and fovea healthy and ae-AMD eyes showed statistical significance (p < 0.0001 (t = 4.91; df = 40) and p < 0.0001 (t = 6.84; df = 40), respectively). Regarding, the correlation between MNV and VD of choriocapillaries, neither whole nor fovea areas were statistically significant (F = 0.38 (R2 = 0.01) and 1.68 (R2 = 0.08), respectively). Conclusions: Choriocapillaris VD showed a statistically significant reduction in comparison to healthy eyes in ae-AMD eyes. Choriocapillaris impairment can be seen in the early phase of MNV pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Savastano
- Unit of Ophthalmology, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00191 Rome, Italy; (G.G.); (A.S.); (B.F.); (C.G.C.); (U.D.V.); (S.R.)
- Unit of Ophthalmology, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.C.S.); (C.R.)
| | - Clara Rizzo
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.C.S.); (C.R.)
| | - Gloria Gambini
- Unit of Ophthalmology, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00191 Rome, Italy; (G.G.); (A.S.); (B.F.); (C.G.C.); (U.D.V.); (S.R.)
- Unit of Ophthalmology, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Alfonso Savastano
- Unit of Ophthalmology, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00191 Rome, Italy; (G.G.); (A.S.); (B.F.); (C.G.C.); (U.D.V.); (S.R.)
- Unit of Ophthalmology, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Benedetto Falsini
- Unit of Ophthalmology, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00191 Rome, Italy; (G.G.); (A.S.); (B.F.); (C.G.C.); (U.D.V.); (S.R.)
- Unit of Ophthalmology, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Bacherini
- Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, AOU Careggi, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy;
| | - Carmela Grazia Caputo
- Unit of Ophthalmology, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00191 Rome, Italy; (G.G.); (A.S.); (B.F.); (C.G.C.); (U.D.V.); (S.R.)
- Unit of Ophthalmology, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Raphael Kilian
- Ophthalmology Unit, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy;
| | | | - Umberto De Vico
- Unit of Ophthalmology, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00191 Rome, Italy; (G.G.); (A.S.); (B.F.); (C.G.C.); (U.D.V.); (S.R.)
| | - Stanislao Rizzo
- Unit of Ophthalmology, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00191 Rome, Italy; (G.G.); (A.S.); (B.F.); (C.G.C.); (U.D.V.); (S.R.)
- Unit of Ophthalmology, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Consiglio Nazionale della Ricerca (CNR), Istituto di Neuroscienze, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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Łądkowska J, Gawęcki M, Szołkiewicz M. Efficacy of Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Treatment in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Systemic Cardiovascular Risk Factors. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10194595. [PMID: 34640613 PMCID: PMC8509122 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10194595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluates whether the presence of cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs) affects functional and morphological responses to anti–vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). Retrospective analysis included 98 treatment-naïve eyes followed for at least 12 months. Patients received intravitreal injections of ranibizumab or aflibercept with the dosage and regimen set according to each manufacturer’s recommendations for their product. Parameters evaluated at each follow-up visit included best-corrected visual acuity and central retinal thickness. Additionally, the presence of the following CRFs was evaluated: male sex, age of older than 70 years, history of current or past smoking, systemic arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, total hypercholesterolemia, low-density lipoprotein hypercholesterolemia, high-density lipoprotein concentration of 45 mg/dL or less, atherogenic dyslipidemia, family history of cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease. A statistically significant better letter gain in visual acuity (p = 0.012) and greater percentage of responders (p = 0.035)—that is patients in whom best corrected visual acuity was stabilized or improved at 12 months—were noted among patients without a diagnosis of arterial hypertension. A statistically significant better mean visual improvement was also achieved in patients with higher total cholesterol plasma levels (p = 0.004), but this finding was not reflected in the significantly higher percentage of responders. The presence of remaining analyzed risk factors did not substantially affect the results of treatment. Systemic arterial hypertension is an independent factor leading to a poor functional outcome following anti-VEGF therapy in patients with nAMD. Effects of anti-VEGF treatment in patients with high total cholesterol levels should be analyzed in further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Łądkowska
- Department of Ophthalmology, Pomeranian Hospitals, 84-200 Wejherowo, Poland;
| | - Maciej Gawęcki
- Dobry Wzrok Ophthalmological Clinic, 80-280 Gdansk, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Marek Szołkiewicz
- Department of Cardiology and Interventional Angiology, Kashubian Center for Heart and Vascular Diseases, Pomeranian Hospitals, 84-200 Wejherowo, Poland;
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Chae JB, Jang H, Son C, Park CW, Choi H, Jin S, Lee HY, Lee H, Ryu JH, Kim N, Kim C, Chung H. Targeting senescent retinal pigment epithelial cells facilitates retinal regeneration in mouse models of age-related macular degeneration. GeroScience 2021; 43:2809-2833. [PMID: 34601706 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-021-00457-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Although age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a multifactorial disorder with angiogenic, immune, and inflammatory components, the most common clinical treatment strategies are antiangiogenic therapies. However, these strategies are only applicable to neovascular AMD, which accounts for less than 20% of all AMD cases, and there are no FDA-approved drugs for the treatment of dry AMD, which accounts for ~ 80% of AMD cases. Here, we report that the elimination of senescent cells is a potential novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of all types of AMD. We identified senescent retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells in animal models of AMD and determined their contributions to retinal degeneration. We further confirmed that the clearance of senescent RPE cells with the MDM2-p53 inhibitor Nutlin-3a ameliorated retinal degeneration. These findings provide new insights into the use of senescent cells as a therapeutic target for the treatment of AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Byoung Chae
- Department of Ophthalmology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyoik Jang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chanok Son
- Department of Ophthalmology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chul-Woo Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Huyeon Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Seongeon Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Ho-Yeon Lee
- Genome Editing Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Bioinformatics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hyungwoo Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ja-Hyoung Ryu
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Namshin Kim
- Genome Editing Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Bioinformatics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Chaekyu Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea.
| | - Hyewon Chung
- Department of Ophthalmology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. .,Department of Ophthalmology, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.
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Hammer M, Jakob-Girbig J, Schwanengel L, Curcio CA, Hasan S, Meller D, Schultz R. Progressive Dysmorphia of Retinal Pigment Epithelium in Age-Related Macular Degeneration Investigated by Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 62:2. [PMID: 34491262 PMCID: PMC8431975 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.62.12.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to observe changes of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) on the transition from dysmorphia to atrophy in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) by fluorescence lifetime imaging ophthalmoscopy (FLIO). Methods Multimodal imaging including color fundus photography (CFP), optical coherence tomography (OCT), fundus autofluorescence (FAF) imaging, and FLIO was performed in 40 eyes of 37 patients with intermediate AMD and no evidence for geographic atrophy or macular neovascularization (mean age = 74.2 ± 7.0 years). Twenty-three eyes were followed for 28.3 ± 18.3 months. Seven eyes had a second follow-up after 46.6 ± 9.0 months. Thickened RPE on OCT, hyperpigmentation on CFP, hyper-reflective foci (HRF) on OCT, attributed to single or clustered intraretinal RPE, were identified. Fluorescence lifetimes in two spectral channels (short-wavelength spectral channel [SSC] = 500–560 nm, long-wavelength spectral channel [LSC] = 560–720 nm) as well as emission spectrum intensity ratio (ESIR) of the lesions were measured by FLIO. Results As hyperpigmented areas form and RPE migrates into the retina, FAF lifetimes lengthen and ESRI of RPE cells increase. Thickened RPE showed lifetimes of 256 ± 49 ps (SSC) and 336 ± 35 ps (LSC) and an ESIR of 0.552 ± 0.079. For hyperpigmentation, these values were 317 ± 68 ps (p < 0.001), 377 ± 56 ps (P < 0.001), and 0.609 ± 0.081 (P = 0.001), respectively, and for HRF 337 ± 79 ps (P < 0.001), 414 ± 50 ps (P < 0.001), and 0.654 ± 0.075 (P < 0.001). Conclusions In the process of RPE degeneration, comprising different steps of dysmorphia, hyperpigmentation, and migration, lengthening of FAF lifetimes and a hypsochromic shift of emission spectra can be observed by FLIO. Thus, FLIO might provide early biomarkers for AMD progression and contribute to our understanding of RPE pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Hammer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany.,Center for Medical Optics and Photonics, Univ. of Jena, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Linda Schwanengel
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Christine A Curcio
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Somar Hasan
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Daniel Meller
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Rowena Schultz
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
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Melatonin level as a risk factor for age-related macular degeneration. ACTA BIOMEDICA SCIENTIFICA 2021. [DOI: 10.29413/abs.2021-6.3.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. The current trend towards an increase in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) incidence rate in the population, including the working-age population, with a possible loss of professional activity, indicates the need for early preclinical identification of risk groups, timely prevention and treatment. In the prevention and treatment of AMD, the prospect of using melatonin is being actively discussed.Aim: to analyze serum and tear fluid levels of melatonin in patients with AMD and study their correlation with risk factors.Materials and methods. In the course of the study, two groups were formed: the main group - patients with non-exudative AMD and senile cataract (n = 40) and the reference group - conditionally healthy patients without AMD and cataract (n = 20). Patients of both groups were surveyed to identify risk factors for AMD. The content of melatonin in blood serum and lacrimal fluid was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using the Melatonin ELISA Kit (USA).Results. In the course of the study, it was found that the concentration of melatonin in blood serum and tear fluid in patients with AMD was significantly lower than in patients of the reference group (p <0.05). Serum and tear fluid melatonin levels depend on the following factors: age, body mass index (BMI), arterial hypertension, eye color, insomnia, and night work. It is possible that the local determination of melatonin in the lacrimal fluid can be a biomarker in the determination of ophthalmic pathological conditions.Conclusion. The obtained results can be used as recommendations for clarifying individual regimens for the use of melatonin, especially in the treatment of patients with AMD.
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Yabluchanskiy A, Nyul-Toth A, Csiszar A, Gulej R, Saunders D, Towner R, Turner M, Zhao Y, Abdelkari D, Rypma B, Tarantini S. Age-related alterations in the cerebrovasculature affect neurovascular coupling and BOLD fMRI responses: Insights from animal models of aging. Psychophysiology 2021; 58:e13718. [PMID: 33141436 PMCID: PMC9166153 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The present and future research efforts in cognitive neuroscience and psychophysiology rely on the measurement, understanding, and interpretation of blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to effectively investigate brain function. Aging and age-associated pathophysiological processes change the structural and functional integrity of the cerebrovasculature which can significantly alter how the BOLD signal is recorded and interpreted. In order to gain an improved understanding of the benefits, drawbacks, and methodological implications for BOLD fMRI in the context of cognitive neuroscience, it is crucial to understand the cellular and molecular mechanism of age-related vascular pathologies. This review discusses the multifaceted effects of aging and the contributions of age-related pathologies on structural and functional integrity of the cerebral microcirculation as they has been investigated in animal models of aging, including age-related alterations in neurovascular coupling responses, cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in microvascular damage, vascular rarefaction, blood-brain barrier disruption, senescence, humoral deficiencies as they relate to, and potentially introduce confounding factors in the interpretation of BOLD fMRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andriy Yabluchanskiy
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Adam Nyul-Toth
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA,Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Anna Csiszar
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Rafal Gulej
- Advanced Magnetic Resonance Center, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma, OK, USA
| | - Debra Saunders
- Advanced Magnetic Resonance Center, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma, OK, USA
| | - Rheal Towner
- Advanced Magnetic Resonance Center, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma, OK, USA
| | - Monroe Turner
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yuguang Zhao
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Dema Abdelkari
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Bart Rypma
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA,Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Stefano Tarantini
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA,International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary,Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
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Xu B, Zhou L, Chen Q, Zhang J, Huang L, Wang S, Ye Z, Ren X, Cai Y, Jensen LD, Chen W, Li X, Ju R. Role of VEGFR2 in Mediating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Under Glucose Deprivation and Determining Cell Death, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammatory Factor Expression. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:631413. [PMID: 34222224 PMCID: PMC8249873 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.631413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), a postmitotic monolayer located between the neuroretina and choroid, supports the retina and is closely associated with vision loss diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) upon dysfunction. Although environmental stresses are known to play critical roles in AMD pathogenesis and the roles of other stresses have been well investigated, glucose deprivation, which can arise from choriocapillary flow voids, has yet to be fully explored. In this study, we examined the involvement of VEGFR2 in glucose deprivation-mediated cell death and the underlying mechanisms. We found that VEGFR2 levels are a determinant for RPE cell death, a critical factor for dry AMD, under glucose deprivation. RNA sequencing analysis showed that upon VEGFR2 knockdown under glucose starvation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and unfolded protein response (UPR) are reduced. Consistently, VEGFR2 overexpression increased ER stress under the same condition. Although VEGFR2 was less expressed compared to EGFR1 and c-Met in RPE cells, it could elicit a higher level of ER stress induced by glucose starvation. Finally, downregulated VEGFR2 attenuated the oxidative stress and inflammatory factor expression, two downstream targets of ER stress. Our study, for the first time, has demonstrated a novel role of VEGFR2 in RPE cells under glucose deprivation, thus providing valuable insights into the mechanisms of AMD pathogenesis and suggesting that VEGFR2 might be a potential therapeutic target for AMD prevention, which may impede its progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linbin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qishan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shasha Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhimin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangrong Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Cai
- Chengdu Aier Eye Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Lasse Dahl Jensen
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Weirong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuri Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Told R, Reiter GS, Schranz M, Reumueller A, Hacker V, Mittermueller TJ, Roberts PK, Sacu S, Schmidt-Erfurth U. Correlation of Retinal Thickness and Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Derived Vascular Changes in Patients with Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Curr Eye Res 2021; 46:1002-1009. [PMID: 33211556 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2020.1849734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate whether structural OCT changes, in specific retinal thickness, is associated with the vascular response within the nAMD CNV lesion. In other words, whether SSOCTA derived parameters may prove suitable to assess CNV activity in future.Methods: During the first 3 months patients were prospectively followed with visits at days 7, and 14 after each anti-VEGF treatment up to day 90. At baseline, day 30 and 60 Aflibercept was administered. OCT-derrived retinal thickness (RT) and OCTA-derived CNV lesion parameters (vessel area [VA]), total vessel length [TVL], total number of junctions [TNJ], junction density [JD]) were determined. Parameters were exported from SSOCT/A (PlexElite, Zeiss) images using the semi-automated AngioTool software. Additionally, the superficial and deep vascular plexus fractal dimension of the para- and perifoveal region were identified. Consequently, all OCTA derived parameters were correlated with RT.Results: 16 consecutive patients presenting with treatment-naïve, SSOCTA-positive CNV lesions were included. A weak to moderate statistically significant correlation was found between the mean RT of the inner as well as the outer ETDRS ring with the SSOCTA-derived vascular markers vessel area (VA; r2 = -0.38, p < .001; r2 = -0.47, p < .001, respectively), total vessel length, (TVL; r2 = -0.38, p < .001; r2 = -0.48, p < .001, respectively) and total number of junctions (TNJ; r2 = -0.35, p < .001; r2 = -0.44, p < .001, respectively). Junctions density (JD), and all variables based on fractal dimension (FD) did not show statistically significant correlations with retinal thickness measurements.Conclusions: In summary, we could confirm a moderate, however, statistically significant correlation between mean para- and perifoveal retinal thickness and the SSOCTA derived vascular parameters VA, TVL, and TNJ. This leads us to the conclusion that an SSOCTA-based activity analysis of the CNV complex is not yet a substitute for retinal thickness or in-depth fluid analysis in patients with nAMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Told
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Vienna Clinical Trial Center (VTC), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - G S Reiter
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Vienna Clinical Trial Center (VTC), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Schranz
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Vienna Clinical Trial Center (VTC), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - A Reumueller
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Vienna Clinical Trial Center (VTC), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - V Hacker
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Vienna Clinical Trial Center (VTC), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - T J Mittermueller
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Vienna Clinical Trial Center (VTC), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - P K Roberts
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Vienna Clinical Trial Center (VTC), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - S Sacu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Vienna Clinical Trial Center (VTC), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - U Schmidt-Erfurth
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Vienna Clinical Trial Center (VTC), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Yu HJ, Wykoff CC. Investigational Agents in Development for the Treatment of Geographic Atrophy Secondary to Age-Related Macular Degeneration. BioDrugs 2021; 35:303-323. [PMID: 33893984 DOI: 10.1007/s40259-021-00481-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Geographic atrophy (GA) is an advanced form of age-related macular degeneration, a late-onset, complex, genetic degenerative disease of the retina. Multiple environmental and genetic factors have been implicated in the development of GA, a pathology ultimately defined by loss of photoreceptors and the underlying retinal pigment epithelium and choriocapillaris. The personal burden of GA has been documented to have a substantial negative impact on quality of life, with progressive and cumulative loss of visual function each year. Currently, there are no treatments to prevent or slow the development or progression of GA. Multiple genetic and histopathologic studies have implicated dysregulation of the complement cascade in GA pathogenesis, leading to the development of several investigational pharmaceuticals targeting key factors in this inflammatory pathway. Several other biochemical pathways have also been implicated in GA development and progression, such as mitochondrial components, mediators of apoptosis and molecules involved in extracellular matrix remodeling, many of which are also being investigated for their potential value as therapeutic targets for GA treatment. Recent advancements in our understanding of GA pathogenesis and the progression of multiple potential therapeutics into later-stage human clinical trials hold great promise for a clinically effective therapeutic for patients with GA to emerge within the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah J Yu
- Retina Consultants of Texas, Retina Consultants of America, 4460 Bissonnet St., Suite 200, Bellaire, Texas, 77401, United States
| | - Charles C Wykoff
- Retina Consultants of Texas, Retina Consultants of America, 4460 Bissonnet St., Suite 200, Bellaire, Texas, 77401, United States.
- Blanton Eye Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.
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Visual Side Effects Linked to Sildenafil Consumption: An Update. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9030291. [PMID: 33809319 PMCID: PMC7998971 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9030291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors such as Viagra® (sildenafil citrate) have demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) by inducing cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) elevation followed by vasodilation and increased blood flow. It also exerts minor inhibitory action against PDE6, which is present exclusively in rod and cone photoreceptors. The effects of sildenafil on the visual system have been investigated in a wide variety of clinical and preclinical studies due to the fact that a high dose of sildenafil may cause mild and transient visual symptoms in some patients. A literature review was performed using PubMed, Cochrane Library and Clinical Trials databases from 1990 up to 2020, focusing on the pathophysiology of visual disorders induced by sildenafil. The aim of this review was not only to gather and summarize the information available on sildenafil clinical trials (CTs), but also to spot subpopulations with increased risk of developing undesirable visual side effects. This PDE inhibitor has been associated with transient and reversible ocular side effects, including changes in color vision and light perception, blurred vision, photophobia, conjunctival hyperemia and keratitis, and alterations in the electroretinogram (ERG). Sildenafil may induce a reversible increase in intraocular pressure (IOP) and a few case reports suggest it is involved in the development of nonarteritic ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION). Reversible idiopathic serous macular detachment, central serous retinopathy and ERG disturbances have been related to the significant impact of sildenafil on retinal perfusion. So far, sildenafil does not seem to cause permanent toxic effects on chorioretinal tissue and photoreceptors as long as the therapeutic dose is not exceeded and is taken under a physician’s direction to treat a medical condition. However, the recreational use of sildenafil can lead to harmful side effects, including vision changes.
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Ruan Y, Jiang S, Gericke A. Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Role of Oxidative Stress and Blood Vessels. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031296. [PMID: 33525498 PMCID: PMC7866075 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common irreversible ocular disease characterized by vision impairment among older people. Many risk factors are related to AMD and interact with each other in its pathogenesis. Notably, oxidative stress and choroidal vascular dysfunction were suggested to be critically involved in AMD pathogenesis. In this review, we give an overview on the factors contributing to the pathophysiology of this multifactorial disease and discuss the role of reactive oxygen species and vascular function in more detail. Moreover, we give an overview on therapeutic strategies for patients suffering from AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Ruan
- Correspondence: (Y.R.); (A.G.); Tel.: +49-6131-178-276 (Y.R. & A.G.)
| | | | - Adrian Gericke
- Correspondence: (Y.R.); (A.G.); Tel.: +49-6131-178-276 (Y.R. & A.G.)
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Kanar HS, Arsan A, Kup A, Kanar BG, Tanyıldız B, Akaslan D, Uslu A, Sadıç BÖ. Comparison of subfoveal choroidal thickness and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in patients with coronary slow flow phenomenon and microvascular angina: Optical coherence tomography based study. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 33:102189. [PMID: 33497818 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (pRNFLT) in patients with microvascular angina (MA), coronary slow flow phenomenon (CSFP) and healthy controls. METHODS Thirty-two consecutive patients with MA, 35 consecutive patients with CSFP and 40 age and sex-matched controls were enrolled. SFCT, average pRNFLT and four quadrants of pRNFLT were measured by spectral domain- optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). RESULTS The mean SCFT in patients with CSFP (267.57 ± 30.61 μm) was significantly thinner than those of patients with MA (288.84 ± 28.25 μm) and control (291.21 ± 31.75 μm) (p = 0.002) while SFCT of patients with MA were similar with those of controls. Patients with CSFP had thinner superior and inferior pRNFLT compared to patients with MA and controls (p < 0.001 and p = 0.005, respectively) while there were no significant differences in average pRNFLT, nasal and temporal quadrant of pRNFLTs among three groups. In the multivariate linear regression analyses, the presence of CSFP was found negatively correlated with SFCT and superior pRNFLT. CONCLUSION Patients with CSFP had thinner SFCT, superior and inferior quadrants of pRNFLT proposing the presence of a generalized endothelial dysfunction and increased microvascular resistance in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Selen Kanar
- Health Science University, Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Trainig and Research Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Aysu Arsan
- Health Science University, Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Trainig and Research Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ayhan Kup
- Health Science University, Kosuyolu Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Batur Gönenç Kanar
- Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Burak Tanyıldız
- Health Science University, Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Trainig and Research Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Dursun Akaslan
- Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Abdulkadir Uslu
- Health Science University, Kosuyolu Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Beste Özben Sadıç
- Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Istanbul, Turkey.
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The Impact of Oxidative Stress on Blood-Retinal Barrier Physiology in Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Cells 2021; 10:cells10010064. [PMID: 33406612 PMCID: PMC7823525 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The blood retinal barrier (BRB) is a fundamental eye component, whose function is to select the flow of molecules from the blood to the retina and vice-versa, and its integrity allows the maintenance of a finely regulated microenvironment. The outer BRB, composed by the choriocapillaris, the Bruch's membrane, and the retinal pigment epithelium, undergoes structural and functional changes in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the leading cause of blindness worldwide. BRB alterations lead to retinal dysfunction and neurodegeneration. Several risk factors have been associated with AMD onset in the past decades and oxidative stress is widely recognized as a key factor, even if the exact AMD pathophysiology has not been exactly elucidated yet. The present review describes the BRB physiology, the BRB changes occurring in AMD, the role of oxidative stress in AMD with a focus on the outer BRB structures. Moreover, we propose the use of cerium oxide nanoparticles as a new powerful anti-oxidant agent to combat AMD, based on the relevant existing data which demonstrated their beneficial effects in protecting the outer BRB in animal models of AMD.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW This review summarizes sex-related changes in the heart and vasculature that occur with aging, both in the presence and absence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). RECENT FINDINGS In the presence of CVD risk factors and/or overt CVD, sex-specific changes in the number of cardiomyocytes, extent of the myocardial extracellular matrix, and myocellular hypertrophy promote unique patterns of LV remodeling in men and women. In addition, age- and sex-specific vascular stiffening is also well established, driven by changes in endothelial dysfunction, elastin-collagen content, microvascular dysfunction, and neurohormonal signaling. Together, these changes in LV chamber geometry and morphology, coupled with heightened vascular stiffness, appear to drive both age-related increases in systolic function and declines in diastolic function, particularly in postmenopausal women. Accordingly, estrogen has been implicated as a key mediator, given its direct vasodilating properties, association with nitric oxide excretion, and involvement in myocellular Ca2+ handling, mitochondrial energy production, and oxidative stress. The culmination of the abovementioned sex-specific cardiac and vascular changes across the lifespan provides important insight into heart failure development, particularly of the preserved ejection fraction variety, while offering promise for future preventive strategies and therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Oneglia
- Applied Physiology and Advanced Imaging Lab, University of Texas at Arlington, 655 West Mitchell St, Arlington, TX, 76010, USA
| | - Michael D Nelson
- Applied Physiology and Advanced Imaging Lab, University of Texas at Arlington, 655 West Mitchell St, Arlington, TX, 76010, USA
- Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 127 S San Vicente Blvd, AHSP Suite A3206, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - C Noel Bairey Merz
- Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 127 S San Vicente Blvd, AHSP Suite A3206, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.
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Zhu S, Wang H, Zhang Z, Ma M, Zheng Z, Xu X, Sun T. IGFBP‑rP1‑silencing promotes hypoxia‑induced angiogenic potential of choroidal endothelial cells via the RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:4837-4847. [PMID: 33173998 PMCID: PMC7646924 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-related protein 1 (IGFBP-rP1) has been reported to have various functions in different cellular contexts. Our previous investigation discovered that IGFBP-rP1 inhibited retinal angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting the pro-angiogenic effect of VEGF and downregulating VEGF expression. Recently, IGFBP-rP1 was confirmed to be downregulated in the aqueous humor of patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration compared with controls; however, its specific role remains unknown. The present study applied the technique of gene silencing, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, western blotting, cell viability assays, cell motility assays and tube formation assays. Chemical hypoxic conditions and choroidal endothelial (RF/6A) cells were used to explore the effect of IGFBP-rP1-silencing on the phenotype activation of RF/6A cells under hypoxic conditions and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. siRNA achieved IGFBP-rP1-silencing in RF/6A cells without cytotoxicity. IGFBP-rP1-silencing significantly restored the viability of RF/6A cells in hypoxia and enhanced hypoxia-induced migration and capillary-like tube formation of RF/6A cells. Furthermore, IGFBP-rP1-silencing significantly upregulated the expression of B-RAF, phosphorylated (p)-MEK, p-ERK and VEGF in RF/6A cells under hypoxic conditions; however, these upregulations were inhibited by exogenous IGFBP-rP1. These data indicated that silencing IGFBP-rP1 expression in RF/6A cells effectively promoted the hypoxia-induced angiogenic potential of choroidal endothelial cells by upregulating RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway activation and VEGF expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Zhihua Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Mingming Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Xun Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
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Yan Y, Yan Q, Qian L, Jiang Y, Chen X, Zeng S, Xu Z, Gong Z. S-adenosylmethionine administration inhibits levodopa-induced vascular endothelial growth factor-A expression. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:21290-21307. [PMID: 33170152 PMCID: PMC7695432 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: Studies have demonstrated that S-adenosylmethionine could effectively affect the clinical wearing-off phenomena of levodopa, an antiparkinsonian agent; however, the detailed mechanisms for this effect need to be further clarified. Results: S-adenosylmethionine and levodopa had opposite effects on the protein stability of vascular endothelial growth factor-A. The analysis of tube formation and cell viability also showed the nonconforming functions of S-adenosylmethionine and levodopa on cell angiogenesis and proliferation. Meanwhile, S-adenosylmethionine could significantly abolish the increased angiogenesis and cell viability induced by levodopa. S-adenosylmethionine resulted in G1/S phase arrest, with decreased cyclin dependent kinase 4/6 and increased p16, a specific cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor. Mechanically, the different effects of levodopa and S-adenosylmethionine were dependent on the phosphorylation and activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase. S-adenosylmethionine could be fitted into the predicted docking pocket in the crystal structure of vascular endothelial growth factor-A, enhancing its acetylation level and reducing half-life. Conclusions: These observations suggested that methyl donor S-adenosylmethionine could act as a potential agent against vascular endothelial growth factor-A-related diseases induced by levodopa treatment. Methods: We performed in vitro cytological analyses to assess whether S-adenosylmethionine intake could influence levodopa-induced vascular endothelial growth factor-A expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanliang Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China.,Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Qijia Yan
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Long Qian
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China.,Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Yueping Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China.,Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Shuangshuang Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China.,Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Zhijie Xu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Zhicheng Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China.,Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China
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Lv X, Li W, Fang Z, Xue X, Pan C. Periodontal Disease and Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Meta-Analysis of 112,240 Participants. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:4753645. [PMID: 33062680 PMCID: PMC7542535 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4753645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Epidemiological studies have shown a correlation between periodontal disease (PD) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). However, the results have been inconsistent, and no relevant meta-analysis has been performed on this topic. Hence, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate whether the two diseases are related. Material and Methods. The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were searched up to April 20, 2020, for related articles. Two authors independently conducted literature screening and data extraction and then used the Stata 15.1 software to calculate the relative risk (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to assess the association between PD and AMD. RESULTS A total of 5 observational studies involving 112,240 participants and 5,005 AMD patients were included. The results of meta-analysis using the random-effects model showed that the incidence of AMD in PD patients was 1.35 times that of non-PD patients; the difference was statistically significant (RR = 1.35, 95%CI = 1.07-1.70, P = 0.011). Sensitivity analysis showed that the results were stable. CONCLUSIONS PD patients have a higher risk of AMD, but the causal relationship between PD and AMD has not been confirmed. Further research should be carried out to verify the exact relationship between the two.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewen Lv
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
| | - Weiqi Li
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhiyu Fang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaofei Xue
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
| | - Chunling Pan
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
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Cathepsin K Deficiency Impaired Ischemia-Induced Neovascularization in Aged Mice. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:6938620. [PMID: 32676120 PMCID: PMC7346230 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6938620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aging is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Cysteine protease cathepsin K (CatK) has been implicated in the process of angiogenesis, but the exact roles of individual CatK in vessel formation during aging are poorly understood. Methods and Results To study the putative role of CatK in ischemia-induced angiogenesis, we applied a hindlimb ischemia model to aged wild-type (CatK+/+) and CatK-deficient (CatK−/−) mice. A serial laser Doppler blood-flow analysis revealed that the recovery of the ischemic/normal blood-flow ratio in the aged CatK−/−mice was impaired throughout the follow-up period. On postoperative day 14, CatK deficiency had also impaired capillary formation. CatK deficiency reduced the levels of cleaved Notch1, phospho-Akt, and/or vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) proteins in the ischemic muscles and bone marrow-derived c-Kit+ cells. A flow cytometry analysis revealed that CatK deficiency reduced the numbers of endothelial progenitor cell (EPC)-like CD31+/c-Kit+ cells in the peripheral blood as well as the ischemic vasculature. In vitro experiments, CatK−/− impaired bone-derived c-Kit+ cellular functions (migration, invasion, proliferation, and tubulogenesis) in aged mice. Our findings demonstrated that aging impaired the ischemia-induced angiogenesis associated with the reductions of the production and mobilization of CD31+/c-Kit+ cells in mice. Conclusions These findings established that the impairment of ischemia-induced neovascularization in aged CatK−/− mice is due, at least in part, to the reduction of EPC mobilization and the homing of the cells into vasculature that is associated with the impairment of Notch1 signaling activation at advanced ages.
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