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Zhang H, Zhang L. Knowledge mapping of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome: a bibliometric analysis. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1423181. [PMID: 39139373 PMCID: PMC11319145 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1423181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), caused by the Dabie bandavirus (DBV), formerly known as the SFTS virus (SFTSV), is characterized by rapid progression, high morbidity, and mortality. This study aims to analyze the current research status, hotspots, and trends of SFTS since 2009 through bibliometrics, focusing on original research and providing valuable references and inspirations for future basic research, prevention and control of SFTS. Methods The Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) was used to extract global papers on SFTS from 2009 to 2024. VOSviewer and CiteSpace software were also used to process and visualize results. Results A total of 760 publications relevant to SFTS were reviewed. Among these publications, the most active country, author, and publication type included China, Liu Wei, and original articles, respectively. Among the institutions, the National Institute of Infectious Diseases emerged as the top publisher. The most frequently used keywords were "China," "Bunyavirus," and "person-to-person transmission." The bibliometric analysis reviewed and summarized the research results in the field of SFTS and demonstrated the research trends in the field. In addition, the study revealed the current research hotspots and predicted the future research frontiers and potential challenges in the field of SFTS, which will provide references for further exploring and investigating the SFTS-related mechanisms and inspire new therapeutic strategies. Conclusion Bibliometric visualization provides an overview of research advances, hotspots, and trends regarding SFTS and consolidates existing knowledge. SFTS research is in a phase of rapid development, and the number of annual publications in the field is growing steadily and rapidly. This is laying the groundwork for further research and providing new ideas for clinicians engaged in SFTS-related therapies and researchers working to improve public health. Currently, researchers are focused on elucidating the biology of SFTS, exploring antibodies, delving into pathogenesis, and investigating specific therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Leiliang Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
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2
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Park JY, Senevirathne A, Lloren KKS, Lee JH. The Effect of Tryptophan-to-Tyrosine Mutation at Position 61 of the Nonstructural Protein of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus on Viral Replication through Autophagosome Modulation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6394. [PMID: 38928101 PMCID: PMC11203599 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In our prior investigations, we elucidated the role of the tryptophan-to-tyrosine substitution at the 61st position in the nonstructural protein NSsW61Y in diminishing the interaction between nonstructural proteins (NSs) and nucleoprotein (NP), impeding viral replication. In this study, we focused on the involvement of NSs in replication via the modulation of autophagosomes. Initially, we examined the impact of NP expression levels, a marker for replication, upon the infection of HeLa cells with severe fever thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV), with or without the inhibition of NP binding. Western blot analysis revealed a reduction in NP levels in NSsW61Y-expressing conditions. Furthermore, the expression levels of the canonical autophagosome markers p62 and LC3 decreased in HeLa cells expressing NSsW61Y, revealing the involvement of individual viral proteins on autophagy. Subsequent experiments confirmed that NSsW61Y perturbs autophagy flux, as evidenced by reduced levels of LC3B and p62 upon treatment with chloroquine, an inhibitor of autophagosome-lysosome fusion. LysoTracker staining demonstrated a decrease in lysosomes in cells expressing the NS mutant compared to those expressing wild-type NS. We further explored the mTOR-associated regulatory pathway, a key regulator affected by NS mutant expression. The observed inhibition of replication could be linked to conformational changes in the NSs, impairing their binding to NP and altering mTOR regulation, a crucial upstream signaling component in autophagy. These findings illuminate the intricate interplay between NSsW61Y and the suppression of host autophagy machinery, which is crucial for the generation of autophagosomes to facilitate viral replication.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - John Hwa Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
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3
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Chang YC, Shimoda H, Jiang MC, Hsu YH, Maeda K, Yamada Y, Hsu WL. Gn protein expressed in plants for diagnosis of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:303. [PMID: 38639795 PMCID: PMC11031438 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13135-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) causes the highly fatal disease in humans. To facilitate diagnosis, the native form of subunit glycoprotein (Gn), a prime target for potential vaccines and therapies, was produced in Nicotiana benthamiana using a Bamboo mosaic virus-based vector system. By fusion with secretory signal tags, SSExt, derived from the extension protein, and the (SP)10 motif, the yield of the recombinant Gn (rGn) was remarkably increased to approximately 7 mg/kg infiltrated leaves. Ultimately, an rGn-based ELISA was successfully established for the detection of SFTSV-specific antibodies in serum samples from naturally infected monkeys. As validated with the reference method, the specificity and sensitivity of rGn-ELISA were 94% and 96%, respectively. In conclusion, utilizing well-suited fusion tags facilitates rGn production and purification in substantial quantities while preserving its antigenic properties. The rGn-ELISA, characterized by its commendable sensitivity and specificity could serve as a viable alternative diagnostic method for assessing SFTSV seroprevalence. KEY POINTS: • SFTSV Gn, fused with secretory signal tags, was expressed by the BaMV-based vector. • The plant fusion tags increased expression levels and eased the purification of rGn. • The rGn-ELISA was established and validated; its specificity and sensitivity > 94%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chih Chang
- Doctoral Program in Microbial Genomics, National Chung Hsing University and Academia Sinica, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hiroshi Shimoda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Min-Chao Jiang
- Doctoral Program in Microbial Genomics, National Chung Hsing University and Academia Sinica, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yau-Heiu Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ken Maeda
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Disease, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yumiko Yamada
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Li Hsu
- Doctoral Program in Microbial Genomics, National Chung Hsing University and Academia Sinica, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan.
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4
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Jia Y, Li F, Liu Z, Liu S, Huang M, Gao X, Su X, Wang Z, Wang T. Interaction between the SFTSV envelope glycoprotein Gn and STING inhibits the formation of the STING-TBK1 complex and suppresses the NF-κB signaling pathway. J Virol 2024; 98:e0181523. [PMID: 38421179 PMCID: PMC10949458 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01815-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is an emerging tick-borne bunyavirus with high pathogenicity. There has been a gradual increase in the number of reported cases in recent years, with high morbidity and mortality rates. The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling pathway plays an important role in the innate immune defense activated by viral infection; however, the role of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway during SFTSV infection is still unclear. In this study, we investigated the relationship between SFTSV infection and cGAS-STING signaling. We found that SFTSV infection caused the release of mitochondrial DNA into the cytoplasm and inhibits downstream innate immune signaling pathways by activating the cytoplasmic DNA receptor cGAS. We found that the SFTSV envelope glycoprotein Gn was a potent inhibitor of the cGAS-STING pathway and blocked the nuclear accumulation of interferon regulatory factor 3 and p65 to inhibit downstream innate immune signaling. Gn of SFTSV interacted with STING to inhibit STING dimerization and inhibited K27-ubiquitin modification of STING to disrupt the assembly of the STING-TANK-binding kinase 1 complex and downstream signaling. In addition, Gn was found to be involved in inducing STING degradation, further inhibiting the downstream immune response. In conclusion, this study identified the important role of the glycoprotein Gn in the antiviral innate immune response and revealed a novel mechanism of immune escape for SFTSV. Moreover, this study increases the understanding of the pathogenic mechanism of SFTSV and provides new insights for further treatment of SFTS. IMPORTANCE Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is a newly discovered virus associated with severe hemorrhagic fever in humans. However, the role of the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling pathway during SFTSV infection is still unclear. We found that SFTSV infection inhibits downstream innate immune signaling pathways by activating the cytoplasmic DNA receptor cGAS. In addition, SFTSV Gn blocked the nuclear accumulation of interferon regulatory factor 3 and p65 to inhibit downstream innate immune signaling. Moreover, we determined that Gn of SFTSV inhibited K27-ubiquitin modification of STING to disrupt the assembly of the STING-TANK-binding kinase 1 complex and downstream signaling. We found that the SFTSV envelope glycoprotein Gn is a potent inhibitor of the cGAS-STING pathway. In conclusion, this study highlights the crucial function of the glycoprotein Gn in the antiviral innate immune response and reveals a new method of immune escape of SFTSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yupei Jia
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Feifei Li
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zixiang Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Sihua Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mengqian Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoning Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Su
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiyun Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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Zhang Z, Hu X, Jiang Q, Jiao F, Du Q, Liu J, Luo M, Li A, Deng L, Xiong Y. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome in patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome: prevalence, characteristics, and impact on prognosis. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:149. [PMID: 38291390 PMCID: PMC10829256 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09026-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging zoonosis with a high fatality rate in China. Previous studies have reported that dysregulated inflammatory response is associated with disease pathogenesis and mortality in patients with SFTS. This investigation aimed to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), and its impact on prognosis. METHODS Data on demographic characteristics, comorbid conditions, clinical manifestations, laboratory parameters, and survival time of patients with SFTS were collected. Patients were divided into the non-SIRS and SIRS groups according to the presence of SIRS, then their clinical data were compared. RESULTS A total of 290 patients diagnosed with SFTS were retrospectively enrolled, including 126(43.4%) patients with SIRS. Patients in the non-survivor group had more prevalence of SIRS than patients in the survivor group (P < 0.001), and SIRS (adjusted OR 2.885, 95% CI 1.226-6.786; P = 0.005) was shown as an independent risk factor for prognosis of patients with SFTS. Compared with patients without SIRS, patients with SIRS had lower WBC and neutrophils counts, and fibrinogen levels, but higher AST, LDH, amylase, lipase, CK, CK-MB, troponin I, APTT, thrombin time, D-dimer, CRP, IL-6, SAA levels, and viral load. The cumulative survival rate of patients with SIRS was significantly lower than that of patients without SIRS. Patients with SIRS also showed a higher incidence of bacterial or fungal infections than patients without SIRS. CONCLUSIONS SIRS is highly frequent in patients with SFTS, and it is associated with high mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwei Zhang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xue Hu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Disease, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qunqun Jiang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fangzhou Jiao
- Department of Infectious Disease, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Du
- Department of Infectious Disease, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingqi Luo
- Department of Infectious Disease, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Anling Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Center for Gene Diagnosis, and Program of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Liping Deng
- Department of Infectious Disease, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yong Xiong
- Department of Infectious Disease, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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6
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Lee K, Choi MJ, Cho MH, Choi DO, Bhoo SH. Antibody production and characterization of the nucleoprotein of sever fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) for effective diagnosis of SFTSV. Virol J 2023; 20:206. [PMID: 37679757 PMCID: PMC10486111 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-023-02173-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an infectious disease caused by the Dabie bandavirus, [or SFTS virus (SFTSV)] that has become increasingly widespread since it was first reported in 2009. The SFTSV comprises three essential single-stranded RNA gene segments, with the S segment encoding the nucleocapsid (N) protein. Since the N protein is the most abundant and stable viral protein, it is a useful diagnostic marker of infection. Various SFTSV N-protein-based detection methods have been developed. However, given the limited research on antibodies of an SFTSV N-protein, here we report the characterization of the antibodies against SFTSV N protein especially their mapping results which is essential for more efficient and optimized detection of SFTSV. METHODS To generate SFTSV-N-protein-specific monoclonal antibodies, recombinant full-length SFTSV N protein was expressed in E. coli, and the purified N protein was immunized to mice. The binding epitope positions of the antibodies generated were identified through binding-domain mapping. An antibody pair test using a lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) was performed to identify effective diagnostic combinations of paired antibodies. RESULTS Nine monoclonal antibodies specific for the SFTSV N protein were generated. Antibodies #3(B4E2) and #5(B4D9) were specific for sequential epitopes, while the remainder were specific for conformational epitopes. Antibody #4(C2G1) showed the highest affinity for the SFTSV N protein. The binding domain mapping results indicated the binding regions of the antibodies were divided into three groups. The antibody pair test demonstrated that #3(B4E2)/#4(C2G1) and #4(C2G1)/#5(B4D9) were effective antibody pairs for SFTSV diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS Effective virus detection requires at least two strong antibodies recognizing separate epitope binding sites of the virus antigen. Here, we generated SFTSV-N-protein-specific monoclonal antibodies and subsequently performed epitope mapping and an antibody pair test to enhance the diagnostic efficiency and accuracy of SFTSV. Confirmation of epitope mappings and their combination immune response to the N protein provide valuable information for effective detection of SFTSV as well as can respond actively to detect a variant SFTSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungha Lee
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Korea
| | - Min Ji Choi
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Korea
| | - Man-Ho Cho
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Korea
| | - Dong Ok Choi
- Bore Da Biotech, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13209, Korea
| | - Seong-Hee Bhoo
- Graduate School of Green-Bio Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Korea.
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7
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Li YH, Wang XH, Huang WW, Tian RR, Pang W, Zheng YT. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus induces platelet activation and apoptosis via a reactive oxygen species-dependent pathway. Redox Biol 2023; 65:102837. [PMID: 37544244 PMCID: PMC10428115 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging tick-borne infectious disease caused by the SFTS virus (SFTSV) and with a high fatality rate. Thrombocytopenia is a major clinical manifestation observed in SFTS patients, but the underlying mechanism remains largely unclear. Here, we explored the effects of SFTSV infection on platelet function in vivo in severely infected SFTSV IFNar-/- mice and on mouse and human platelet function in vitro. Results showed that SFTSV-induced platelet clearance acceleration may be the main reason for thrombocytopenia. SFTSV-potentiated platelet activation and apoptosis were also observed in infected mice. Further investigation showed that SFTSV infection induced platelet reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial dysfunction. In vitro experiments revealed that administration of SFTSV or SFTSV glycoprotein (Gn) increased activation, apoptosis, ROS production, and mitochondrial dysfunction in separated mouse platelets, which could be effectively ameliorated by the application of antioxidants (NAC (N-acetyl-l-cysteine), SKQ1 (10-(6'-plastoquinonyl) decyltriphenylphosphonium) and resveratrol). In vivo experiments showed that the antioxidants partially rescued SFTSV infection-induced thrombocytopenia by improving excessive ROS production and mitochondrial dysfunction and down-regulating platelet apoptosis and activation. Furthermore, while SFTSV and Gn directly potentiated human platelet activation, it was completely abolished by antioxidants. This study revealed that SFTSV and Gn can directly trigger platelet activation and apoptosis in an ROS-MAPK-dependent manner, which may contribute to thrombocytopenia and hemorrhage during infection, but can be abolished by antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province/Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xue-Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province/Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China; Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Wen-Wu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province/Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China; Office of Science and Technology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Ren-Rong Tian
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province/Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
| | - Wei Pang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province/Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
| | - Yong-Tang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province/Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China.
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8
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Wang L, Sun F, Hu J, Zuo W, Zheng Y, Wu Y, Kwok HF, Cao Z. The tick saliva peptide HIDfsin2 promotes the tick-borne virus SFTSV replication in vitro by enhancing p38 signal pathway. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:1783-1794. [PMID: 37148319 PMCID: PMC10163292 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03515-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Pathogens co-evolved with ticks to facilitate blood collection and pathogen transmission. Although tick saliva was recently found to be rich in bioactive peptides, it is still elusive which saliva peptide promotes virus transmission and which pathways are invovled. Here, we used a saliva peptide HIDfsin2 and a severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) both carried by the tick Haemaphysalis longicornis to elucidate the relationship between tick saliva components and tick-borne viruses. HIDfsin2 was found to promote the replication of SFTSV in a dose-dependent manner in vitro. HIDfsin2 was further revealed to MKK3/6-dependently magnify the activation of p38 MAPK. The overexpression, knockdown and phosphorylation site mutation of p38α indicated that p38 MAPK activation facilitated SFTSV infection in A549 cells. Moreover, the blockade of p38 MAPK activation significantly suppressed SFTSV replication. Differently, HIDfsin2 or pharmacological inhibition of p38 MAPK activation had no effect on a mosquito-borne Zika virus (ZIKV). All these results showed that HIDfsin2 specifically promoted SFTSV replication through the MKK3/6-dependent enhancement of p38 MAPK activation. Our study provides a new perspective on the transmission of tick-borne viruses under natural conditions, and supports that the blockade of p38 MAPK activation can be a promising strategy against the mortal tick-borne virus SFTSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Fang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Jing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Weimin Zuo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Center for Medical Experiments (CME), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518106, China
| | - Yingliang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Hang Fai Kwok
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR, China.
| | - Zhijian Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
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9
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Li YH, Huang WW, He WQ, He XY, Wang XH, Lin YL, Zhao ZJ, Zheng YT, Pang W. Longitudinal analysis of immunocyte responses and inflammatory cytokine profiles in SFTSV-infected rhesus macaques. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1143796. [PMID: 37033979 PMCID: PMC10073517 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1143796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV), an emerging bunyavirus, causes severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), with a high fatality rate of 20%-30%. At present, however, the pathogenesis of SFTSV remains largely unclear and no specific therapeutics or vaccines against its infection are currently available. Therefore, animal models that can faithfully recapitulate human disease are important to help understand and treat SFTSV infection. Here, we infected seven Chinese rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) with SFTSV. Virological and immunological changes were monitored over 28 days post-infection. Results showed that mild symptoms appeared in the macaques, including slight fever, thrombocytopenia, leukocytopenia, increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and creatine kinase (CK) in the blood. Viral replication was persistently detectable in lymphoid tissues and bone marrow even after viremia disappeared. Immunocyte detection showed that the number of T cells (mainly CD8+ T cells), B cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and monocytes decreased during infection. In detail, effector memory CD8+ T cells declined but showed increased activation, while both the number and activation of effector memory CD4+ T cells increased significantly. Furthermore, activated memory B cells decreased, while CD80+/CD86+ B cells and resting memory B cells (CD27+CD21+) increased significantly. Intermediate monocytes (CD14+CD16+) increased, while myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) rather than plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) markedly declined during early infection. Cytokines, including interleukin-6 (IL-6), interferon-inducible protein-10 (IP-10), and macrophage inflammatory protein 1 (MCP-1), were substantially elevated in blood and were correlated with activated CD4+ T cells, B cells, CD16+CD56+ NK cells, CD14+CD16+ monocytes during infection. Thus, this study demonstrates that Chinese rhesus macaques infected with SFTSV resemble mild clinical symptoms of human SFTS and provides detailed virological and immunological parameters in macaques for understanding the pathogenesis of SFTSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Zoology - The Chinese University of Hong Kong (KIZ-CUHK) Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Wen-Wu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Zoology - The Chinese University of Hong Kong (KIZ-CUHK) Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Office of Science and Technology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wen-Qiang He
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Zoology - The Chinese University of Hong Kong (KIZ-CUHK) Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiao-Yan He
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Zoology - The Chinese University of Hong Kong (KIZ-CUHK) Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xue-Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Zoology - The Chinese University of Hong Kong (KIZ-CUHK) Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ya-Long Lin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Zoology - The Chinese University of Hong Kong (KIZ-CUHK) Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zu-Jiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Zoology - The Chinese University of Hong Kong (KIZ-CUHK) Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yong-Tang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Zoology - The Chinese University of Hong Kong (KIZ-CUHK) Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- *Correspondence: Yong-Tang Zheng, ; Wei Pang,
| | - Wei Pang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Zoology - The Chinese University of Hong Kong (KIZ-CUHK) Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- *Correspondence: Yong-Tang Zheng, ; Wei Pang,
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10
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Wang T, Xu L, Zhu B, Wang J, Zheng X. Immune escape mechanisms of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus. Front Immunol 2022; 13:937684. [PMID: 35967309 PMCID: PMC9366518 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.937684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), which is caused by SFTS virus (SFTSV), poses a serious threat to global public health, with high fatalities and an increasing prevalence. As effective therapies and prevention strategies are limited, there is an urgent need to elucidate the pathogenesis of SFTS. SFTSV has evolved several mechanisms to escape from host immunity. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms through which SFTSV escapes host immune responses, including the inhibition of innate immunity and evasion of adaptive immunity. Understanding the pathogenesis of SFTS will aid in the development of new strategies for the treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Joint International Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Joint International Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Joint International Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Junzhong Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Joint International Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Junzhong Wang, ; Xin Zheng,
| | - Xin Zheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Joint International Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Junzhong Wang, ; Xin Zheng,
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11
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Kang MS, Park JH, Lee HS. Acaricidal potential of active components derived from Alpinia galanga rhizome oils and their derivatives against Haemaphysalis longicornis (Acari: Ixodidae). EXPERIMENTAL & APPLIED ACAROLOGY 2022; 86:313-326. [PMID: 35024988 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-022-00685-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Acaricidal activities and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activities were evaluated of active constituents of the essential oil extracted from Alpinia galanga rhizomes cultivated from India and their derivatives against Haemaphysalis longicornis nymphs. In addition, the effect was investigated of active components of A. galanga oil on egg laying of adult females of H. longicornis and egg hatchability. Of the volatile components identified in A. galanga oil, ethyl cinnamate, ethyl methoxycinnamate, and methyl cinnamate at 0.32 mg/cm2 resulted in 100% mortality, respectively, indicating that the acaricidal activity of the A. galanga oil against H. longicornis nymphs could be attributed to these compounds. To evaluate the structure-activity relationship between cinnamate derivatives and their acaricidal activities, allyl cinnamate, benzyl cinnamate, isopropyl cinnamate, isobutyl cinnamate, and isoamyl cinnamate were selected. Among cinnamate derivatives tested, allyl cinnamate exhibited the most potent toxicity (LC50 = 0.055 mg/cm2) against H. longicornis nymphs. The allyl cinnamate was also tested for AChE activity in vivo in H. longicornis nymphs and was found to affect the AChE activity. Allyl cinnamate at 10-50 mg/mL inhibited egg laying of adult females of H. longicornis by 10-43%. Egg hatching was suppressed completely by treatment with allyl cinnamate at 50 mg/mL, whereas allyl cinnamate was minimally toxic against non-target earthworms, Eisenia fetida. These results suggest that allyl cinnamate can be used as an active ingredient for the development of eco-friendly tick acaricides against H. longicornis, a vector for Sever fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Seung Kang
- Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Chonju, 54896, South Korea
| | - Jun-Hwan Park
- Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Chonju, 54896, South Korea.
| | - Hoi-Seon Lee
- Biomedical Research Team, HS Biotech and Holdings (HSBH) for Medical Research, Basel, Switzerland.
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12
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Sun J, Min YQ, Li Y, Sun X, Deng F, Wang H, Ning YJ. Animal Model of Severe Fever With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus Infection. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:797189. [PMID: 35087498 PMCID: PMC8787146 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.797189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), an emerging life-threatening infectious disease caused by SFTS bunyavirus (SFTSV; genus Bandavirus, family Phenuiviridae, order Bunyavirales), has been a significant medical problem. Currently, there are no licensed vaccines or specific therapeutic agents available and the viral pathogenesis remains largely unclear. Developing appropriate animal models capable of recapitulating SFTSV infection in humans is crucial for both the study of the viral pathogenic processes and the development of treatment and prevention strategies. Here, we review the current progress in animal models for SFTSV infection by summarizing susceptibility of various potential animal models to SFTSV challenge and the clinical manifestations and histopathological changes in these models. Together with exemplification of studies on SFTSV molecular mechanisms, vaccine candidates, and antiviral drugs, in which animal infection models are utilized, the strengths and limitations of the existing SFTSV animal models and some important directions for future research are also discussed. Further exploration and optimization of SFTSV animal models and the corresponding experimental methods will be undoubtedly valuable for elucidating the viral infection and pathogenesis and evaluating vaccines and antiviral therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan-Qin Min
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiulian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Fei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Hualin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yun-Jia Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
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13
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Zhang R, Song H, Chen Q, Wang Y, Wang S, Li Y. Comparison of ARIMA and LSTM for prediction of hemorrhagic fever at different time scales in China. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262009. [PMID: 35030203 PMCID: PMC8759700 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study intends to build and compare two kinds of forecasting models at different time scales for hemorrhagic fever incidence in China. Methods Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) and Long Short-Term Memory Neural Network (LSTM) were adopted to fit monthly, weekly and daily incidence of hemorrhagic fever in China from 2013 to 2018. The two models, combined and uncombined with rolling forecasts, were used to predict the incidence in 2019 to examine their stability and applicability. Results ARIMA (2, 1, 1) (0, 1, 1)12, ARIMA (1, 1, 3) (1, 1, 1)52 and ARIMA (5, 0, 1) were selected as the best fitting ARIMA model for monthly, weekly and daily incidence series, respectively. The LSTM model with 64 neurons and Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGDM) for monthly incidence, 8 neurons and Adaptive Moment Estimation (Adam) for weekly incidence, and 64 neurons and Root Mean Square Prop (RMSprop) for daily incidence were selected as the best fitting LSTM models. The values of root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of the models combined with rolling forecasts in 2019 were lower than those of the direct forecasting models for both ARIMA and LSTM. It was shown from the forecasting performance in 2019 that ARIMA was better than LSTM for monthly and weekly forecasting while the LSTM was better than ARIMA for daily forecasting in rolling forecasting models. Conclusions Both ARIMA and LSTM could be used to build a prediction model for the incidence of hemorrhagic fever. Different models might be more suitable for the incidence prediction at different time scales. The findings can provide a good reference for future selection of prediction models and establishments of early warning systems for hemorrhagic fever.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Hejia Song
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Qiulan Chen
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Wang
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Songwang Wang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (SW); (YL)
| | - Yonghong Li
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (SW); (YL)
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14
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Jin K, Koh YJ, Ahn SK, Cho J, Lim J, Song J, Lee J, Gong YW, Kwon MJ, Kwon HW, Bahk YY, Kim TS. Hard Ticks as Vectors Tested Negative for Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome in Ganghwa-do, Korea during 2019-2020. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2021; 59:281-289. [PMID: 34218600 PMCID: PMC8255492 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2021.59.3.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to characterize the seasonal abundance of hard ticks that transmit severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus from April to November 2019 and 2020 on Ganghwa-do, Incheon Metropolitan City, Korea. The ticks were collected at grassland, grave site, copse and mountain road using a collection trap method. The ixodid hard ticks comprising three species (Haemaphysalis longicornis, H. flava, and Ixodes nipponensis) collected were 6,622 in 2019 and 3,811 in 2020. H. longicornis was the most frequent (97.9% in 2019 and 96.0% in 2020), followed by H. flava (2.0% and 3.0% in 2019 and 2020, respectively) and I. nipponensis (less than 0.1%). Our study demonstrated that seasonal patterns of the tick populations examined for two years were totally unsimilar. The hard ticks tested using RT-qPCR were all negative for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Jin
- Korea Health Evaluation Institute, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Korea
| | - Yeon-Ja Koh
- Department of Infectious Diseases Diagnosis, Incheon Metropolitan City Institute of Public Health and Environment, Incheon 22320, Korea
| | - Seong Kyu Ahn
- Department of Tropical Medicine & Global Resource Bank of Parasitic Protozoa Pathogens, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Joonghee Cho
- Department of Infectious Diseases Diagnosis, Incheon Metropolitan City Institute of Public Health and Environment, Incheon 22320, Korea
| | - Junghwan Lim
- Department of Infectious Diseases Diagnosis, Incheon Metropolitan City Institute of Public Health and Environment, Incheon 22320, Korea
| | - Jaeyong Song
- Department of Infectious Diseases Diagnosis, Incheon Metropolitan City Institute of Public Health and Environment, Incheon 22320, Korea
| | - Jinyoung Lee
- Department of Tropical Medicine & Global Resource Bank of Parasitic Protozoa Pathogens, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Young Woo Gong
- Department of Infectious Diseases Diagnosis, Incheon Metropolitan City Institute of Public Health and Environment, Incheon 22320, Korea
| | - Mun Ju Kwon
- Department of Infectious Diseases Diagnosis, Incheon Metropolitan City Institute of Public Health and Environment, Incheon 22320, Korea
| | - Hyung Wook Kwon
- Department of Life Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea.,Convergence Research Center for Insect Vectors, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea
| | - Young Yil Bahk
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea
| | - Tong-Soo Kim
- Department of Tropical Medicine & Global Resource Bank of Parasitic Protozoa Pathogens, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Korea.,Convergence Research Center for Insect Vectors, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea
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15
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Sharma D, Kamthania M. A new emerging pandemic of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS). Virusdisease 2021; 32:220-227. [PMID: 33942022 PMCID: PMC8082055 DOI: 10.1007/s13337-021-00656-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to make aware every one of the deadliest diseases named severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS). It has become the worldwide pandemic in recent few years. It is a kind of haemorrhagic fever, caused by SFTS virus (SFTSV), a novel phlebovirus of family Bunyaviridae. This syndrome is also a tick-borne zoonosis that means the virus transmitted from tick bite (having virus) into human body, i.e. infection spread from animals to humans and also transmitted from human to human. Epidemiological data of SFTS was collected to know the nature/symptoms of SFTSV. First case of this disease has been reported in China, followed by Japan, South korea, Taiwan, USA and many other countries. Vertebrates are the host of this disease and tick functions as a vector, where the virus can undergo brisk changes using gene mutation, homologous recombination and reassortments. The major symptoms of hemorrhagic fever are fever, thrombocytopenia, leucopenia and gastrointestinal abnormalities. Sometimes in very severe cases, full body organ failure may also take place and average death rate in humans is nearly 10 %. Old aged peoples are more prone to SFTSV infection. Apart from the fact of increasing SFTSV related health problems to humans, the pathogenesis of SFTS virus in human is not entirely understood and no treatment to this virus is still available. The simplest way to protect our self from this infection is to refrain from tick bite. Therefore, this disease has evolved to produce serious health issues to humans in various countries of world including china. This review discussing about causative agent, epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of SFTS. In order to control the spread of SFTSV, we have to stop the viral transmission or to protect the easily vulnerable population from tick bites, avoiding direct contact of infectious and also to use personal protective devices for SFTS patients. So, the weather conditions, mode of transmission and creation of new therapeutics like vaccines and drugs are the main areas of forthcoming research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Sharma
- Department of Life Sciences, IAMR College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Mohit Kamthania
- Department of Life Sciences, IAMR College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh India
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16
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Gong L, Zhang L, Wu J, Lu S, Lyu Y, Zhu M, Liu B, Zhu Y, Song D, Su B, Liu Z. Clinical Progress and Risk Factors for Death from Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome: A Multihospital Retrospective Investigation in Anhui, China. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2021; 104:1425-1431. [PMID: 33591933 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of the clinical progress of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) and the associated predictors of mortality is important for providing appropriate treatment in severe cases. A multihospital retrospective study was conducted in three SFTS-endemic cities, in 2018. Of the 208 SFTS-confirmed cases, there were 189 survivors and 19 deaths. The median age was 64 years; 104 (50.0%) patients were men, and 188 (90.4%) were farmers. Furthermore, 203 (97.6%) patients reported fever and 70 (33.7%) reported fatigue. Most fatal cases had complications including multiple-organ failure, central nervous syndrome (CNS) abnormalities, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. During the fever phase, alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, D-dimer, glucose, hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), procalcitonin, prothrombin time, and uric acid levels were higher in fatal than in nonfatal cases (P < 0.05). Creatine kinase (CK), CK-MB (CKMB), AST, and LDH levels were significantly lower in nonfatal than in fatal cases (P < 0.05). Central nervous syndrome abnormalities (odds ratio [OR] = 20.9, 95% CI: 4.3, 100), body temperature ≥ 38.5°C (OR = 23.2, 95% CI: 3.4, 158), BUN levels ≥ 6.4 mmol/L (OR = 9.9, 95% CI: 2.2, 44), CKMB levels ≥ 100 U/L (OR = 33.2, 95% CI: 5.8, 192), and LDH levels ≥ 1,000 U/L (OR = 8.3, 95% CI: 1.9, 37) were predictors of mortality. Our findings reveal that the presence of specific complications and laboratory parameters may serve as predictors of mortality and aid in early identification of severe SFTS cases in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gong
- 1Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- 2Hefei Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, China
| | - Jiabing Wu
- 1Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, China
| | - Siqi Lu
- 1Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, China
| | - Yong Lyu
- 3Lu'an Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lu'an, China
| | - Meng Zhu
- 1Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, China
| | - Boxi Liu
- 4Inner Mongolia Autonomous Regional Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hohhot, China
| | - Yuliang Zhu
- 5Heilongjiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin, China
| | - Dandan Song
- 1Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, China
| | - Bin Su
- 1Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, China
| | - Zhirong Liu
- 1Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, China
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17
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Yoo JR, Heo ST, Kim M, Song SW, Boo JW, Lee KH. Seroprevalence of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome in the Agricultural Population of Jeju Island, Korea, 2015-2017. Infect Chemother 2019; 51:337-344. [PMID: 31668024 PMCID: PMC6940373 DOI: 10.3947/ic.2019.51.4.337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a tick-borne zoonotic disease that is caused by the SFTS virus (SFTSV), and exhibits an overall mortality rate of approximately 20.0% in Korea. Most cases of this disease have been reported in Korea, East China, and Japan, and it mostly affects outdoor workers and farmers. This study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of SFTSV among healthy farmers on Jeju Island, Korea. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this prospective cross-sectional study, we analyzed 421 blood samples obtained from 254 farmers (mean age, 59.9 years; 68.9% male) to determine the seroprevalence of SFTSV in 16 rural areas of the Jeju Special Self-Governing Province over a period of 3 years (January 2015-December 2017). We used an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect immunoglobulin (Ig) G antibodies against SFTSV in the collected samples. RESULTS The seroprevalence of the SFTSV IgG among farmers on Jeju Island was observed to be 2.4%. One subject showed seropositivity over the entire 3-year study period. The areas with the highest SFTSV IgG seropositivity rates were Seonheul-ri in Jocheon-eup, followed by Namwon-eup. Fruit farmers were at a higher risk of exposure to SFTSV than other farmers. CONCLUSION The seroprevalence of SFTSV in the healthy agricultural population of Jeju Island was not high. However, personal hygiene management should be implemented for the agricultural population in the endemic areas. Surveillance of mild or asymptomatic infections is required in the endemic regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Rae Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University, College of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Sang Taek Heo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University, College of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Miyeon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University, College of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Sung Wook Song
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jeju National University, College of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Ji Whan Boo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jeju National University, College of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Keun Hwa Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Jeju National University, College of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea.
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18
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Development of a SFTSV DNA vaccine that confers complete protection against lethal infection in ferrets. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3836. [PMID: 31444366 PMCID: PMC6707330 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11815-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the incidence of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) infection has increased from its discovery with a mortality rate of 10-20%, no effective vaccines are currently available. Here we describe the development of a SFTSV DNA vaccine, its immunogenicity, and its protective efficacy. Vaccine candidates induce both a neutralizing antibody response and multifunctional SFTSV-specific T cell response in mice and ferrets. When the vaccine efficacy is investigated in aged-ferrets that recapitulate fatal clinical symptoms, vaccinated ferrets are completely protected from lethal SFTSV challenge without developing any clinical signs. A serum transfer study reveals that anti-envelope antibodies play an important role in protective immunity. Our results suggest that Gn/Gc may be the most effective antigens for inducing protective immunity and non-envelope-specific T cell responses also can contribute to protection against SFTSV infection. This study provides important insights into the development of an effective vaccine, as well as corresponding immune parameters, to control SFTSV infection.
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19
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Li Y, Jia Z, Wu X, Wang L, Chen L, Dai X, Li X, Wang J. Establishing China's national standards of antigen content and neutralizing antibody responses for evaluation of SFTS vaccines. Biologicals 2019; 61:68-75. [PMID: 31358411 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an acute infectious disease caused by severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV). SFTS is mainly characterized by severe fever with thrombocytopenia and has a high mortality rate. The virus has been found in China, South Korea, and Japan. Effective antiviral drugs or vaccines still have been unavailable. Now, two vaccine manufacturers in China are actively engaged in the development of the vaccine. To promote the development of SFTS vaccines and ensure their effective quality control, we developed national antigen and antibody references. We collaborative calibrated the standards; evaluated the homogeneity and stability of the national SFTS standards. The national SFTS vaccine antigen and antibody references met the Chinese national standards and can be used to standardize quality control for the manufacture of SFTS vaccines. And also can be used into the study the dose-response relationship of SFTS vaccines, determine clinical doses, and evaluate vaccine immunogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Li
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 31. Huatuo Road, Daxing District, Beijing, 102629, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zheng Jia
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 31. Huatuo Road, Daxing District, Beijing, 102629, PR China
| | - Xiaohong Wu
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 31. Huatuo Road, Daxing District, Beijing, 102629, PR China
| | - Ling Wang
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 31. Huatuo Road, Daxing District, Beijing, 102629, PR China
| | - Lei Chen
- Beijing Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Beijing, 101111, PR China
| | - Xinxian Dai
- Beijing Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Beijing, 101111, PR China
| | - Xiuling Li
- Beijing Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Beijing, 101111, PR China
| | - Junzhi Wang
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 31. Huatuo Road, Daxing District, Beijing, 102629, PR China.
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20
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Wang G, Chang H, Jia B, Liu Y, Huang R, Wu W, Hao Y, Yan X, Xia J, Chen Y, Wu C. Nucleocapsid protein-specific IgM antibody responses in the disease progression of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2019; 10:639-646. [PMID: 30824322 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease that is caused by the SFTS virus (SFTSV) and has a high fatality rate. SFTSV-specific antibody profiles among patients with different clinical outcomes are yet to be described. The nucleocapsid protein (NP) is the most immunogenic viral antigen of the SFTSV. This study, therefore, sought to determine NP-specific antibody responses among SFTS patients with different disease progressions. METHODS In the present study, 43 patients with confirmed SFTS were enrolled in our cohort, and 9 of them deceased. The clinical presentations and key laboratory parameters associated with SFTS fatality were also recorded. Serum samples from each patient were collected every 2 days during their hospitalization. NP-specific IgM and IgG responses as well as Gn or Gc-specific IgM responses were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), whereas, the dynamic viral loads of SFTSV RNA were quantified via real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS First, 77% of patients generated positive NP-specific IgM antibody responses within two weeks since illness onset, defined as 'N-specific IgM-positive patients', while the rest of the patients were termed as 'N-specific IgM-delayed patients'. Only 17% of the patients generated NP-specific IgG responses. The absence of NP-specific humoral responses was strongly associated with a high risk of fatality and severity of SFTS. IgM-positive patients had significantly lower levels of viral loads, less disturbed coagulopathy, and hepatic and cardiac damage compared to IgM-delayed patients. Moreover, compared to severe or fatal SFTS patients, mild SFTS patients had significantly higher magnitudes of NP-specific IgM responses, but not NP-specific IgG, Gn-specific IgM, or Gc-specific IgM responses. The abundance of NP-specific IgM responses negatively correlated with viral loads, coagulation disturbances, and hepatic injuries among SFTS patients. CONCLUSIONS Our data highlight distinct humoral profiles of NP-specific IgM responses among SFTS patients with different disease progressions and clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gai Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haiyan Chang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bei Jia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weihua Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yingying Hao
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaomin Yan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juan Xia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuxin Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Chao Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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21
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Huang C, Wei Q, Hu Q, Wen T, Xue L, Li S, Zeng X, Shi F, Jiao Y, Zhou L. Rapid detection of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) total antibodies by up-converting phosphor technology-based lateral-flow assay. LUMINESCENCE 2019; 34:162-167. [DOI: 10.1002/bio.3588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Huang
- Institute of Pathogenic Microbiology, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control; Nanjing China
| | - Qiaozhen Wei
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences; Wenzhou Medical University; Wenzhou China
| | - Qiushi Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, PLA Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Production & Formulation Engineering; Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Tian Wen
- Institute of Pathogenic Microbiology, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control; Nanjing China
| | - Lei Xue
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, PLA Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Production & Formulation Engineering; Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Taishan Medical University; Tai’an China
| | - Shuang Li
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, PLA Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Production & Formulation Engineering; Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Taishan Medical University; Tai’an China
| | - Xiaoyan Zeng
- Institute of Pathogenic Microbiology, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control; Nanjing China
| | - Fengjuan Shi
- Institute of Pathogenic Microbiology, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control; Nanjing China
| | - Yongjun Jiao
- Institute of Pathogenic Microbiology, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control; Nanjing China
| | - Lei Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, PLA Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Production & Formulation Engineering; Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
- Laboratory of Analytical Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity; Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology; Beijing China
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22
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Niedrig M, Patel P, El Wahed AA, Schädler R, Yactayo S. Find the right sample: A study on the versatility of saliva and urine samples for the diagnosis of emerging viruses. BMC Infect Dis 2018; 18:707. [PMID: 30594124 PMCID: PMC6311079 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-018-3611-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The emergence of different viral infections during the last decades like dengue, West Nile, SARS, chikungunya, MERS-CoV, Ebola, Zika and Yellow Fever raised some questions on quickness and reliability of laboratory diagnostic tests for verification of suspected cases. Since sampling of blood requires medically trained personal and comprises some risks for the patient as well as for the health care personal, the sampling by non-invasive methods (e.g. saliva and/ or urine) might be a very valuable alternative for investigating a diseased patient. MAIN BODY To analyse the usefulness of alternative non-invasive samples for the diagnosis of emerging infectious viral diseases, a literature search was performed on PubMed for alternative sampling for these viral infections. In total, 711 papers of potential relevance were found, of which we have included 128 in this review. CONCLUSIONS Considering the experience using non-invasive sampling for the diagnostic of emerging viral diseases, it seems important to perform an investigation using alternative samples for routine diagnostics. Moreover, during an outbreak situation, evaluation of appropriate sampling and further processing for laboratory analysis on various diagnostic platforms are very crucial. This will help to achieve optimal diagnostic results for a good and reliable case identification.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ahmed Abd El Wahed
- Division of Microbiology and Animal Hygiene, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | | | - Sergio Yactayo
- Control of Epidemic Diseases (CED), World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
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23
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Zuo JY, Jiao YJ, Zhu J, Ding SN. Rapid Detection of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus via Colloidal Gold Immunochromatography Assay. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:15399-15406. [PMID: 30556007 PMCID: PMC6288773 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b02366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
To develop the point-of-care testing method to facilitate the clinical detection of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV), colloidal gold paper-based lateral flow immunochromatography test strips (LFITSs) have been fabricated for the rapid detection for the first time. The pH value and the amount of monoclonal antibody to prepare colloidal gold nanoparticle-labeled monoclonal antibody bioconjugates were optimized. In addition, 0.4% bovine serum albumin was considered to be the best concentration for blocking nitrocellulose membranes. Under optimal conditions, the limit of detection for SFTSV was as low as 1 ng/mL depending on a visual line. Meanwhile, the entire detection process required no more than 10 min with a volume of only 50 μL of the analyte solution. Moreover, paper-based LFITSs were evaluated in real samples of human serum of patients with satisfactory results. In addition, all strips were of high stability and specificity. In the light of advantages such as simple, portable, rapid, and low cost, the developed LFITSs will extensively come into service, especially in remote areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ying Zuo
- Jiangsu
Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, School of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast
University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Yong-Jun Jiao
- Jiangsu
Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jin Zhu
- Huadong
Medical Institute of Biotechniques, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Shou-Nian Ding
- Jiangsu
Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, School of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast
University, Nanjing 211189, China
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24
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Cai L, Zhang H, Gao LD, Hu SX, Xie LY, Zhan ZF, He FL, Zhang F, Deng ZH, Sun QL, Wu JR, Long SX, Pan ZH, Cao WM, Liu JH, Luo QZ, Wang J, Zou Y. Identification of the first case of SFTSV infection in the Hunan Province of China and epidemiological surveillance in the locality. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2018; 10:454-461. [PMID: 30611724 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2018.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study reports the etiological identification, clinical diagnosis, and the results of the local epidemiological surveillance of the first case of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) infection in 2014 in Hunan Province, China. The infected patient was isolated and closely monitored. The virus is a member of the Bunyaviridae sandfly family and is characterized by real-time PCR, electron microscopy, immunofluorescence, and whole-genome sequencing. We also detected IgG and IgM antibodies against SFTSV among the local human population and domestic animals in a serological surveillance. Prevalence of SFTSV-specific antibodies was monitored in the local population for two years after the identification of the first SFTS case. Approximately 5% (4/77) of the people who had direct contact with the patient were seropositive, which is significantly higher than the seropositivity of the general local population [1.57% (44/2800), P < 0.05]. Furthermore, the percentage of the general population who were seropositive was higher in 2015 than in 2014 (χ2 = 7.481, P = 0.006). The epidemiological investigation found that the SFTSV is epidemic in goats, cattle, and chickens in Hunan Province. The risk of infection of domestic animals can be minimized by feeding in pens rather than allowing foraging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Cai
- School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China; Microbiology Laboratory, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Hunan Province, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Microbiology Laboratory, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Hunan Province, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Dong Gao
- Microbiology Laboratory, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Hunan Province, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Xiong Hu
- Microbiology Laboratory, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Hunan Province, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang-Yi Xie
- Department of Clinical Examination, The People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Fei Zhan
- Microbiology Laboratory, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Hunan Province, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang-Ling He
- Microbiology Laboratory, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Hunan Province, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Microbiology Laboratory, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Hunan Province, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Hong Deng
- Microbiology Laboratory, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Hunan Province, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian-Lai Sun
- Microbiology Laboratory, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Hunan Province, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Ru Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases Control, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Loudi, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Xuan Long
- Department of Infectious Diseases Control, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Loudi, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Hui Pan
- Department of Infectious Diseases Control, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinhua County, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Min Cao
- Department of Infectious Diseases Control, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinhua County, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Hui Liu
- Microbiology Laboratory, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Hunan Province, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi-Zhi Luo
- School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yizhou Zou
- School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
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25
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Lundu T, Tsuda Y, Ito R, Shimizu K, Kobayashi S, Yoshii K, Yoshimatsu K, Arikawa J, Kariwa H. Targeting of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus structural proteins to the ERGIC (endoplasmic reticulum Golgi intermediate compartment) and Golgi complex. Biomed Res 2018; 39:27-38. [PMID: 29467349 DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.39.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome phlebovirus (SFTSV) is a newly emerged phlebovirus identified in China, Japan, and South Korea. Phlebovirus glycoproteins (GP) play a key role in targeting viral structural components to the budding compartments in the ER-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC) and Golgi complex. However, the role of SFTSV GP in targeting structural proteins to the ERGIC and Golgi complex remains unresolved. In this study, we show that SFTSV GP plays a significant role in targeting RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (L) and nucleocapsid protein (NP) to the budding sites. Confocal microscopy was used to investigate the subcellular localization of SFTSV structural proteins. In SFTSV-infected cells, GP and L localized to the ER, ERGIC and Golgi complex, whereas NP localized to the ERGIC and Golgi complex. In addition, GP colocalized with L and NP in infected cells. In cells singly transfected with GP, L or NP, GP localized to the same subcellular compartments as in infected cells. However, L or NP alone did not localize to the ER, ERGIC, or Golgi complex. Cotransfection experiments showed that GP altered the localization of L to the ERGIC and Golgi complex but not that of NP. Interestingly, plasmid-expressed NP fused with a hemagglutinin tag localized to the ERGIC and Golgi complex when expressed in SFTSV-infected cells and colocalised with GP, suggesting that GP plays a role in the subcellular localization of L and NP in infected cells. Thus, the SFTSV structural components start to assemble at the ERGIC to Golgi complex. GP is required for transporting L and NP to the ERGIC and Golgi complex. In addition, targeting of NP requires interaction with other factors besides GP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapiwa Lundu
- Laboratory of Public Health, Department of Preventive Veterinary Science, Division of Veterinary Medicine, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia
| | - Yoshimi Tsuda
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University
| | - Ryo Ito
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University
| | - Kenta Shimizu
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University
| | - Shintaro Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Public Health, Department of Preventive Veterinary Science, Division of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University
| | - Kentaro Yoshii
- Laboratory of Public Health, Department of Preventive Veterinary Science, Division of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University
| | - Kumiko Yoshimatsu
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University
| | - Jiro Arikawa
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University
| | - Hiroaki Kariwa
- Laboratory of Public Health, Department of Preventive Veterinary Science, Division of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University
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26
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Zhang XA, Guo CT, Lu QB, Hu JG, Cui N, Yang ZD, Peng W, Liu R, Hu CY, Qin SL, Wang XJ, Ding SJ, Huang DD, Liu W, Cao WC. The platelet derived growth factor-B polymorphism is associated with risk of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in Chinese individuals. Oncotarget 2017; 7:33340-9. [PMID: 27147565 PMCID: PMC5078099 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by a novel bunyavirus named SFTS virus (SFTSV). We hypothesize that host genetic variations may contribute to susceptibility to SFTS. Results Compared with the rs1800818 AA genotype, AG + GG genotypes were significantly associated with increased susceptibility to SFTS (odds ratio, 1.66, 95% confidence interval = 1.28-2.16; P < 0.001). By using the ELISA assay, we observed that PDGF-BB concentration was significantly reduced in acute phase of patients than in the controls (P < 0.001) and recovered patients at 6 month (P = 0.007) and 12 month (P = 0.003). A persistently reduced PDGF-BB was also revealed from the SFTSV-infected C57BL/6J mice (P < 0.001). The rs1800818 G allele was associated with decreased serum PDGF-BB levels in SFTS patients at their early infection (P = 0.015). In accordance, the relative mRNA levels of the at-risk G allele of 1800818 were lower than those of the A allele in heterozygous cell from acute phase of SFTS patients. PDGF-B rs1800818 conferred no susceptibility to severe or fatal outcome in SFTS patients. Materials and Methods An initially small-scale case-control association study guided the selection of platelet derived growth factor-B (PDGF-B) rs1800818 in 1020 SFTS patients and 1353 controls. Functional analyses were conducted to verify the biological significance of rs1800818 polymorphism. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the PDGF-B rs1800818 polymorphism might play a role in mediating the susceptibility to SFTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, P. R. China
| | - Chen-Tao Guo
- Graduate School of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Bin Lu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Gong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, P. R. China
| | - Ning Cui
- The 154 Hospital, People's Liberation Army, Xinyang, 464000, P. R. China
| | - Zhen-Dong Yang
- The 154 Hospital, People's Liberation Army, Xinyang, 464000, P. R. China
| | - Wei Peng
- The Shangcheng People's Hospital, Xinyang, 464000, P. R. China
| | - Rong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Yan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Li Qin
- The 154 Hospital, People's Liberation Army, Xinyang, 464000, P. R. China
| | - Xian-Jun Wang
- Shandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, 250001, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Jun Ding
- Shandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, 250001, P. R. China
| | - Dou-Dou Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, P. R. China.,Graduate School of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, P. R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, P. R. China.,Graduate School of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, P. R. China
| | - Wu-Chun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, P. R. China
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27
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Impact of an intervention programme on knowledge, attitudes and practices of population regarding severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in endemic areas of Lu'an, China. Epidemiol Infect 2017; 146:125-136. [DOI: 10.1017/s0950268817002679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
SUMMARYKnowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of the population regarding severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) in endemic areas of Lu'an in China were assessed before and after an intervention programme. The pre-intervention phase was conducted using a sample of 425 participants from the 12 selected villages with the highest rates of endemic SFTS infection. A predesigned interview questionnaire was used to assess KAP. Subsequently, an intervention programme was designed and applied in the selected villages. KAP was re-assessed for each population in the selected villages using the same interview questionnaire. Following 2 months of the programme, 339 participants had completed the re-assessed survey. The impact of the intervention programme was evaluated using suitable statistical methods. A significant increase in the KAP and total KAP scores was noted following the intervention programme, whereas the proportion of correct knowledge, the positive attitudes and the effective practices toward SFTS of respondents increased significantly. The intervention programme was effective in improving KAP level of SFTS in populations that were resident in endemic areas.
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28
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Zhang R, Zhao A, Wang X, Zhang Z. Diversity of tick species on domestic animals in Shandong Province, China, using DNA barcoding. EXPERIMENTAL & APPLIED ACAROLOGY 2017; 73:79-89. [PMID: 28849536 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-017-0161-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Ticks are considered to be second only to mosquitoes as vectors of diseases. In recent years, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome, a new emerging tick-borne disease has been detected in many areas of China, including Shandong Province, Eastern China. Here, we report the tick species diversity based on surveys between 2014 and 2016 covering 16 locations in seven cities of Shandong. Based on DNA barcoding, 1859 ticks belonging to three species were identified: Haemaphysalis longicornis, Rhipicephalus turanicus and Haemaphysalis verticalis. Samples of the same species clustered together in a neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree, with intraspecific distances between 0 and 3.0% and interspecific distances ranged between 15.5 and 24.3%. Goats and dogs were the major hosts of ticks and H. longicornis was regarded as predominant tick species of Shandong. In order to reduce tick populations and prevent tick-borne diseases, effective control measures should be implemented on human and domestic animals, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiling Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Taishan Medical University, Taian, 271016, People's Republic of China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Taishan Medical University, Taian, 271016, People's Republic of China
| | - Aihua Zhao
- Taian Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, 271000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejun Wang
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Taishan Medical University, Taian, 271016, People's Republic of China.
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Taishan Medical University, Taian, 271016, People's Republic of China.
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29
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Sun Y, Liu MM, Luo LM, Zhao L, Wen HL, Zhang ZT, Liu JW, Xue ZF, Ma DQ, Ding SJ, Lei XY, Yu XJ. Seroprevalence of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus in Hedgehog from China. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2017; 17:347-350. [DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2016.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Sun
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Miao-miao Liu
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Li-mei Luo
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Li Zhao
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hong-Ling Wen
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhen-Tang Zhang
- Huangdao District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao City, China
| | - Jian-Wei Liu
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zai-Feng Xue
- Huangdao District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao City, China
| | - Dong-Qiang Ma
- Huangdao District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao City, China
| | - Shu-Jun Ding
- Shandong Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Lei
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xue-jie Yu
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Lee H, Kim EJ, Song JY, Choi JS, Lee JY, Cho IS, Shin YK. Development and evaluation of a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using a monoclonal antibody for diagnosis of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in bovine sera. J Vet Sci 2017; 17:307-14. [PMID: 26435543 PMCID: PMC5037297 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2016.17.3.307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) caused by the SFTS virus (SFTSV), a phlebovirus in the family Bunyaviridae, is an emerging tick-borne infectious disease that impacts humans. This disease manifests as a decreased blood cell count and multi-organ failure, with a case-fatality rate of more than 12% in China. Because vaccines or antiviral drugs for the treatment of this disease are not available, monitoring the SFTS circulation in animals and controlling the tick-mammal cycle are important for preventing SFTS. Monoclonal antibodies against the recombinant nucleoprotein of SFTSV were generated to develop a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) for the detection of antibodies against SFTSV infection in cattle. The specificity and sensitivity of cELISA was assessed by comparing the results of this assay to those of an immunofluorescence assay (IFA). The results of the cELISA using 416 field bovine serum samples and laboratory-immunized positive sera showed 98.1% consistency with those of the IFA. The cELISA used in this study did not show cross-reactivity with antisera against other viral cattle diseases. The cELISA presented in this study can be applied to detect antibodies against SFTSV in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyojin Lee
- Division of Viral Disease, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang 14086, Korea
| | - Eun-Ju Kim
- Division of Viral Disease, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang 14086, Korea
| | - Jae-Young Song
- Division of Viral Disease, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang 14086, Korea
| | - Jeong Soo Choi
- Division of Foreign Animal Disease, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang 14086, Korea
| | - Ji Youn Lee
- Division of Foreign Animal Disease, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang 14086, Korea
| | - In-Soo Cho
- Division of Foreign Animal Disease, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang 14086, Korea
| | - Yeun-Kyung Shin
- Division of Viral Disease, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang 14086, Korea
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He M, Wang J, Chen L, Liu J, Zeng P. The Impact of Emerging Infectious Diseases on Chinese Blood Safety. Transfus Med Rev 2017; 31:94-101. [PMID: 27923518 PMCID: PMC7126663 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmrv.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) have always been one of the major threats to public health. Although the implementation of mandatory testing for 4 classical transfusion-transmitted infectious-human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and syphilis-has reduced the transfusion risk of these pathogens, the potential threat of various EID agents and their constantly evolving variants to blood safety in China is not fully understood. This review presents 9 representative EID agents that are autochthonous and epidemic nationally or regionally in China. The epidemiologic status and distribution of these EID agents among donors and/or healthy populations are summarized. The potential risks of these EID agents to blood safety are discussed. The review also explores strategies to strengthen hemovigilance systems and studies to further evaluate the impact of EID agents on blood safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao He
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jingxing Wang
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Limin Chen
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Peibin Zeng
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Dynamic changes of laboratory parameters and peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome patients. Int J Infect Dis 2017; 58:45-51. [PMID: 28249810 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2017.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to dynamically investigate laboratory parameters and peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) patients at different stages, to evaluate the significance of these changes in the infection process and its influence on prognosis. METHODS Case-control study was used in the research. Sixty-nine confirmed thrombocytopenia syndrome virus(SFTSV) infected patients were enrolled. They were divided into two groups, recovery group and poor prognosis group, according to the clinical prognosis of the diseases. The laboratory parameters were measured by matched fully-automatic detector. The dynamic lymphocyte subsets of each group were tested by flow cytometry. Independent-group Student's t-test, Bonferroni test and Nemenyi test were used to compare the mean value of every group. RESULTS The clinical manifestations typically became worse on about the 7th day. Most of them had multi organ dysfunction, and part of them had hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis histiocytosis (HLH). The characteristic laboratory findings in the early stage were the drop of platelets (PLT), while the increase of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate amino transferase (AST), creatine kinase (CK), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). SFTSV viral loads reached the highest on Days 7-10 after onset of fever in SFTS patients. CD3+, CD3+CD4+ T cell counts were significantly reduced in poor prognosis group, more so on Days 7-10 after onset of fever. CD3-CD19+ (B cell) counts in SFTS patients were significantly higher than that of healthy controls. 11 days after illness onset, symptoms were improved, accompanied by resolution of laboratory abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS These results indicated that SFTS had an acute onset and self-limited course. It was a systemic infection. The host immune response caused tissues and organs injury. The improvement of symptoms and laboratory tests was consistent with the elimination of the virus and recover of immune response. Further investigation should be done in order to reveal the mechanisms of SFTSV pathogenesis and guide the clinical treatment.
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Chen X, Ye H, Li S, Jiao B, Wu J, Zeng P, Chen L. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus inhibits exogenous Type I IFN signaling pathway through its NSs invitro. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172744. [PMID: 28234991 PMCID: PMC5325526 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by a novel bunyavirus (SFTS virus, SFTSV). At present there is still no specific antiviral treatment for SFTSV; To understand which cells support SFTSV life cycle and whether SFTSV infection activates host innate immunity, four different cell lines (Vero, Hela, Huh7.5.1, and Huh7.0) were infected with SFTSV. Intracellular/extracellular viral RNA and expression of IFNα, and IFNß were detected by real-time RT- PCR following infection. To confirm the role of non-structural protein (NSs) of SFTSV in exogenous IFNα-induced Jak/STAT signaling, p-STAT1 (Western Blot), ISRE activity (Luciferase assay) and ISG expression (real-time PCR) were examined following IFNα stimulation in the presence or absence of over-expression of NSs in Hela cells. Our study showed that all the four cell lines supported SFTSV life cycle and SFTSV activated host innate immunity to produce type I IFNs in Hela cells but not in Huh7.0, Huh7.5.1 or Vero cells. NSs inhibited exogenous IFNα-induced Jak/STAT signaling as shown by decreased p-STAT1 level, suppressed ISRE activity and down-regulated ISG expression. Suppression of the exogenous Type I IFN-induced Jak/STAT signaling by NSs might be one of the mechanisms of SFTSV to evade host immune surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Chen
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academic of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Haiyan Ye
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academic of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Shilin Li
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academic of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Baihai Jiao
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academic of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianqin Wu
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academic of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Peibin Zeng
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- * E-mail: (PZ); (LC)
| | - Limin Chen
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academic of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China
- Toronto General Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail: (PZ); (LC)
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Zhan J, Wang Q, Cheng J, Hu B, Li J, Zhan F, Song Y, Guo D. Current status of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in China. Virol Sin 2017; 32:51-62. [PMID: 28251515 PMCID: PMC6598917 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-016-3931-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by SFTS virus (SFTSV). SFTSV is associated with a high mortality rate and has been reported in China, South Korea and Japan. SFTSV undergoes rapid changes owing to evolution, gene mutations, and reassortment between different strains of SFTSV. In this review, we summarize the recent cases and general properties of SFTS, focusing on the epidemiology, genetic diversity, clinical features, and diagnostics of SFTSV in China. From 2010 to October 2016, SFTS cases were reported in 23 provinces of China, with increased numbers yearly. Infection and death cases are mainly found in central China, where the Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks are spread. The national average mortality rate of SFTS infection was 5.3%, with higher risk to elder people. The main epidemic period was from May to July, with a peak in May. Thus, SFTS reminds a significant public health problem, and development of prophylactic vaccines and effective antiviral drugs will be highly needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Zhan
- Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Jing Cheng
- Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China
| | - Bing Hu
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Jing Li
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Faxian Zhan
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, 430079, China.
| | - Yi Song
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, 430079, China.
| | - Deyin Guo
- Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
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Taniguchi S, Fukuma A, Tani H, Fukushi S, Saijo M, Shimojima M. A neutralization assay with a severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus strain that makes plaques in inoculated cells. J Virol Methods 2017; 244:4-10. [PMID: 28082164 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2017.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a recently-discovered, potentially fatal infectious disease caused by SFTS virus (SFTSV). Due to the inability of SFTSV to make clear cytopathic effects (CPE) in cell culture, titration and neutralization assays of the virus require immunostaining of inoculated cells; consequently, the assays are time-consuming and expensive. In this report, we demonstrate the use of a highly-passaged SFTSV strain, p50-2, in a neutralization assay, which made clear plaques in inoculated Vero cells under neutral red staining. Furthermore, we performed molecular analyses to determine the characteristics of the strain. The results suggested that a single amino acid mutation within the viral glycoprotein conferred the ability to make clear plaques to SFTSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Taniguchi
- Special Pathogens Laboratory, Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-7-1 Gakuen, Musashimurayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan
| | - Aiko Fukuma
- Special Pathogens Laboratory, Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-7-1 Gakuen, Musashimurayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan
| | - Hideki Tani
- Special Pathogens Laboratory, Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-7-1 Gakuen, Musashimurayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan
| | - Shuetsu Fukushi
- Special Pathogens Laboratory, Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-7-1 Gakuen, Musashimurayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan
| | - Masayuki Saijo
- Special Pathogens Laboratory, Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-7-1 Gakuen, Musashimurayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan
| | - Masayuki Shimojima
- Special Pathogens Laboratory, Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-7-1 Gakuen, Musashimurayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan. shimoji-@nih.go.jp
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36
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Emergence of New Tickborne Infections. EMERGING ZOONOSES 2017. [PMCID: PMC7122411 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-50890-0_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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37
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Liu MM, Lei XY, Yu XJ. Meta-analysis of the clinical and laboratory parameters of SFTS patients in China. Virol J 2016; 13:198. [PMID: 27899121 PMCID: PMC5129669 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-016-0661-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging hemorrhagic fever in East Asia, which is caused by a novel bunyavirus-SFTSV. Many studies have reported the clinical characters of SFTS patients, but the reports were not consistent and a systematic summary of clinical manifestations and laboratory parameters are not available. Method A comprehensive literature research of Web of Science, PubMed, Wan Fang Data, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases was conducted on articles which have described the clinical characters of SFTS patients. Data from selected studies were pooled by using STATA VERSION 12.0 software. Result Nine articles comprising 844 laboratory-confirmed SFTSV cases were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled case fatality rate was 16% (95% CI: 0.13–0.19). The major clinical characters of patients with SFTSV infection were fever, thrombocytopenia, leucopenia, gastrointestinal symptoms, and central nervous system manifestations. The risk factors for severe disease included bleeding tendency, central nervous system manifestations, elevated serum enzymes, and high viral load. Although there is no specific antiviral therapy for SFTSV infection, symptomatic treatment and supportive therapy including intensive monitoring is the most essential part of case management. Conclusion The major clinical characters of patients with SFTSV infection were fever, thrombocytopenia, leucopenia and gastrointestinal symptoms, and central nervous system manifestations. The risk factors for severity and fatality among SFTS patients included: old age, CNS manifestations, bleeding tendency, elevated serum enzymes, and high vial load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao-Miao Liu
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Lei
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, China
| | - Xue-Jie Yu
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, China. .,Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, 77555-0609, USA.
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Luo LM, Zhao L, Wen HL, Zhang ZT, Liu JW, Fang LZ, Xue ZF, Ma DQ, Zhang XS, Ding SJ, Lei XY, Yu XJ. Haemaphysalis longicornis Ticks as Reservoir and Vector of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus in China. Emerg Infect Dis 2016; 21:1770-6. [PMID: 26402039 PMCID: PMC4593435 DOI: 10.3201/eid2110.150126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Transstadial and transovarial virus transmission occur among ticks, and transmission to mice can occur through a tick bite. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging hemorrhagic fever in East Asia caused by SFTS virus (SFTSV), a newly discovered phlebovirus. The Haemaphysalis longicornis tick has been suspected to be the vector of SFTSV. To determine whether SFTSV can be transmitted among ticks, from ticks to animals, and from animals to ticks, we conducted transmission studies between developmental stages of H. longicornis ticks and between ticks and mice. Using reverse transcription PCR, we also analyzed the prevalence of SFTSV infection among H. longicornis ticks collected from vegetation in Shandong Province, China. Our results showed a low prevalence of SFTSV among collected ticks (0.2%, 8/3,300 ticks), and we showed that ticks fed on SFTSV-infected mice could acquire the virus and transstadially and transovarially transmit it to other developmental stages of ticks. Furthermore, SFTSV-infected ticks could transmit the virus to mice during feeding. Our findings indicate ticks could serve as a vector and reservoir of SFTSV.
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Oh SS, Chae JB, Kang JG, Kim HC, Chong ST, Shin JH, Hur MS, Suh JH, Oh MD, Jeong SM, Shin NS, Choi KS, Chae JS. Detection of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus from Wild Animals and Ixodidae Ticks in the Republic of Korea. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2016; 16:408-14. [PMID: 27043361 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2015.1848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is caused by SFTS virus (SFTSV), a novel bunyavirus reported to be endemic to central-northeastern China, southern Japan, and the Republic of Korea (ROK). To investigate SFTSV infections, we collected serum samples and ticks from wild animals. Using serum samples and ticks, SFTSV-specific genes were amplified by one-step RT-PCR and nested PCR and sequenced. Indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) was performed to analyze virus-specific antibody levels in wild animals. Serum samples were collected from a total of 91 animals: 21 Korean water deer (KWD), 3 Siberian roe deer, 5 gorals, 7 raccoon dogs, 54 wild boars (WBs), and 1 carrion crow. The SFTSV infection rate in wild animals was 3.30% (3 of 91 animals: 1 KWD and 2 WBs). The seropositive rate was 6.59% (6 of 91 animals: 5 KWD and 1 WB). A total of 891 ticks (3 species) were collected from 65 wild animals (9 species). Of the attached tick species, Haemaphysalis longicornis (74.86%) was the most abundant, followed by Haemaphysalis flava (20.20%) and Ixodes nipponensis (4.94%). The average minimum infection rate (MIR) of SFTSV in ticks was 4.98%. The MIRs of H. longicornis, H. flava, and I. nipponensis were 4.51%, 2.22%, and 22.73%, respectively. The MIRs of larvae, nymphs, and adult ticks were 0.68%, 6.88%, and 5.53%, respectively. In addition, the MIRs of fed and unfed ticks were 4.67% and 4.96%, respectively. We detected a low SFTSV infection rate in wild animals, no differences in SFTSV infection rate with respect to bloodsucking in ticks, and SFTSV infection for all developmental stages of ticks. This is the first report describing the detection of SFTSV in wild animals in the ROK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Suck Oh
- 1 Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University , Seoul, Republic of Korea.,2 Incheon Metropolitan City Institute of Health and Environment , Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Byoung Chae
- 1 Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Gu Kang
- 1 Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heung-Chul Kim
- 3 5th Medical Detachment , 168th Multifunctional Medical Battalion, 65th Medical Brigade, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Tae Chong
- 3 5th Medical Detachment , 168th Multifunctional Medical Battalion, 65th Medical Brigade, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hwa Shin
- 4 National Institute of Environmental Research , Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Suk Hur
- 4 National Institute of Environmental Research , Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hwa Suh
- 4 National Institute of Environmental Research , Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Don Oh
- 5 Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Myoung Jeong
- 6 Biological Diversity Division , Nature Conservation Bureau, Ministry of Environment, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Shik Shin
- 7 Laboratory of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Seong Choi
- 8 Department of Animal Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University , Sangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Seok Chae
- 1 Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University , Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Liu JW, Zhao L, Luo LM, Liu MM, Sun Y, Su X, Yu XJ. Molecular Evolution and Spatial Transmission of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus Based on Complete Genome Sequences. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0151677. [PMID: 26999664 PMCID: PMC4801363 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) was a novel tick-borne bunyavirus that caused hemorrhagic fever with a high fatality rate in East Asia. In this study we analyzed the complete genome sequences of 122 SFTSV strains to determine the phylogeny, evolution and reassortment of the virus. We revealed that the evolutionary rate of three genome segments were different, with highest in the S segment and lowest in the L segment. The SFTSV strains were phylogenetically classified into 5 lineages (A, B, C, D and E) with each genome segment. SFTSV strains from China were classified in all 5 lineages, strains from South Korea were classified into 3 lineages (A, D, and E), and all strains from Japan were classified in only linage E. Using the average evolutionary rate of the three genome segments, we found that the extant SFTSV originated 20–87 years ago in the Dabie Mountain area in central China. The viruses were then transmitted to other areas of China, Japan and South Korea. We also found that six SFTSV strains were reassortants. Selection pressure analysis suggested that SFTSV was under purifying selection according to the four genes (RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, glycoprotein, nucleocapsid protein, non-structural protein), and two sites (37, 1033) of glycoproteins were identified as being under strong positive selection. We concluded that SFTSV originated in central China and spread to other places recently and the virus was under purifying selection with high frequency of reassortment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Wei Liu
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Li Zhao
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Li-Mei Luo
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Miao-Miao Liu
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yue Sun
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiang Su
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xue-jie Yu
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Xing X, Guan X, Liu L, Zhan J, Jiang H, Liu L, Li G, Xiong J, Tan L, Xu J, Jiang Y, Yao X, Zhan F, Nie S. Natural Transmission Model for Severe Fever With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Bunyavirus in Villages of Hubei Province, China. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e2533. [PMID: 26825892 PMCID: PMC5291562 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000002533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), an emerging high-fatality infectious disease, is caused by a novel bunyavirus. However, a clear natural transmission model has not yet been established. We conducted a cross-sectional study with in-depth investigation of villages to systematically understand the transmission and risk factors among humans, host animals, and vectors. Village residents were interviewed using standardized questionnaires, in which there were confirmed cases of new infections, between August 2012 and May 2013. Serum samples from all villagers and animals, as well as tick specimens, were collected for qRT-PCR and antibody testing. The seropositivity rate among villagers was 8.4% (35/419), which was lower than that among domesticated animals (54.0%, 27/50; χ(2)= 81.1, P < 0.05). SFTS viral RNA was most commonly detected among domesticated animals (14.0%), followed by ticks (3.1%) and humans (1.7%; χ(2) = 23.1, P < 0.05). The homology of the S gene fragment was 98%. Tick bites were significantly associated with SFTSV infection (Conditional Logistic Regression odds ratio [OR] = 2.5, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0-6.6). We provided systematic evidence on a natural transmission model for SFTSV from reservoir hosts (domesticated animals) to vectors (Haemaphysalis longicornis) to humans, and close contact with SFTS confirmed patients was not found to be a risk factor for natural transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesen Xing
- From Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (XX, HJ, LL, SN); Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, China (XX, FZ, XG, LL, JZ, GL, JX, LT, JX, YZ, XY)
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Peng C, Wang H, Zhang W, Zheng X, Tong Q, Jie S, Yang D, Zhou Y. Decreased monocyte subsets and TLR4-mediated functions in patients with acute severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS). Int J Infect Dis 2015; 43:37-42. [PMID: 26701820 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2015.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The role of a newly discovered bunyavirus, the severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV), in the pathogenesis of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is poorly understood. In this study, it was hypothesized that peripheral monocytes, which are constantly exposed to viral infection in the blood, are likely targeted by the causative virus in SFTS patients. METHODS Fifty-three patients and 25 healthy volunteers were enrolled in the study. Monocyte counts in the peripheral blood of all human subjects were monitored throughout the progress of the disease. SFTSV viral load and the expression of monocyte genes were investigated by real-time RT-PCR. Cytokine production of monocytes in SFTS patients upon lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation was examined by ELISA. RESULTS In comparison to SFTS patients in the convalescent stage and healthy controls, monocyte cell counts and percentages in patients at the acute stage were significantly lower. Decreased monocyte cell counts and subsets were positively correlated with SFTSV viral loads in the serum samples from SFTS patients. Despite their higher basal toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression, monocytes from patients in the acute phase were shown to be compromised regarding the production of tumor necrosis factor alpha, but not interleukin 10, upon LPS stimulation. CONCLUSIONS These data strongly suggest that monocytes could be a major target during SFTSV infection. The decreased population and dysfunction of monocytes in acute SFTS patients may contribute to the disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Peng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Liberation Avenue, Wuhan, 430027, PR China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Liberation Avenue, Wuhan, 430027, PR China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Liberation Avenue, Wuhan, 430027, PR China
| | - Xin Zheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Liberation Avenue, Wuhan, 430027, PR China
| | - Qiaxia Tong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Liberation Avenue, Wuhan, 430027, PR China
| | - Shenghua Jie
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Liberation Avenue, Wuhan, 430027, PR China
| | - Dongliang Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Liberation Avenue, Wuhan, 430027, PR China
| | - Yingchun Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Liberation Avenue, Wuhan, 430027, PR China.
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Extracellular Vesicles Mediate Receptor-Independent Transmission of Novel Tick-Borne Bunyavirus. J Virol 2015; 90:873-86. [PMID: 26512089 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02490-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) virus is a newly recognized member of the genus Phlebovirus in the family Bunyaviridae. The virus was isolated from patients presenting with hemorrhagic manifestations and an initial case fatality rate of 12 to 30% was reported. Due to the recent emergence of this pathogen, there is limited knowledge on the molecular virology of SFTS virus. Recently, we reported that the SFTS virus NSs protein inhibited the activation of the beta interferon (IFN-β) promoter. Furthermore, we also found that SFTS virus NSs relocalizes key components of the IFN response into NSs-induced cytoplasmic structures. Due to the important role these structures play during SFTS virus replication, we conducted live cell imaging studies to gain further insight into the role and trafficking of these cytoplasmic structures during virus infection. We found that some of the SFTS virus NSs-positive cytoplasmic structures were secreted to the extracellular space and endocytosed by neighboring cells. We also found that these secreted structures isolated from NSs-expressing cells and SFTS virus-infected cells were positive for the viral protein NSs and the host protein CD63, a protein associated with extracellular vesicles. Electron microscopy studies also revealed that the isolated CD63-immunoprecipitated extracellular vesicles produced during SFTS virus infection contained virions. The virions harbored within these structures were efficiently delivered to uninfected cells and were able to sustain SFTS virus replication. Altogether, these results suggest that SFTS virus exploits extracellular vesicles to mediate virus receptor-independent transmission to host cells and open the avenue for novel therapeutic strategies against SFTS virus and related pathogens. IMPORTANCE SFTS virus is novel bunyavirus associated with hemorrhagic fever illness. Currently, limited information is available about SFTS virus. In the present study, we demonstrated that extracellular vesicles produced by SFTS virus-infected cells harbor infectious virions. We sought to determine whether these "infectious" extracellular vesicles can mediate transmission of the virus and confirmed that the SFTS virions were efficiently transported by these secreted structures into uninfected cells and were able to sustain efficient replication of SFTS virus. These results have significant impact on our understanding of how the novel tick-borne phleboviruses hijack cellular machineries to establish infection and point toward a novel mechanism for virus replication among arthropod-borne viruses.
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Jiao Y, Qi X, Liu D, Zeng X, Han Y, Guo X, Shi Z, Wang H, Zhou M. Experimental and Natural Infections of Goats with Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus: Evidence for Ticks as Viral Vector. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2015; 9:e0004092. [PMID: 26485390 PMCID: PMC4618997 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV), the causative agent for the fatal life-threatening infectious disease, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), was first identified in the central and eastern regions of China. Although the viral RNA was detected in free-living and parasitic ticks, the vector for SFTSV remains unsettled. Methodology/Principal Findings Firstly, an experimental infection study in goats was conducted in a bio-safety level-2 (BSL-2) facility to investigate virus transmission between animals. The results showed that infected animals did not shed virus to the outside through respiratory or digestive tract route, and the control animals did not get infected. Then, a natural infection study was carried out in the SFTSV endemic region. A cohort of naïve goats was used as sentinel animals in the study site. A variety of daily samples including goat sera, ticks and mosquitoes were collected for viral RNA and antibody (from serum only) detection, and virus isolation. We detected viral RNA from free-living and parasitic ticks rather than mosquitoes, and from goats after ticks’ infestation. We also observed sero-conversion in all members of the animal cohort subsequently. The S segment sequences of the two recovered viral isolates from one infected goat and its parasitic ticks showed a 100% homology at the nucleic acid level. Conclusions/Significance In our natural infection study, close contact between goats does not appear to transmit SFTSV, however, the naïve animals were infected after ticks’ infestation and two viral isolates derived from an infected goat and its parasitic ticks shared 100% of sequence identity. These data demonstrate that the etiologic agent for goat cohort’s natural infection comes from environmental factors. Of these, ticks, especially the predominant species Haemaphysalis longicornis, probably act as vector for this pathogen. The findings in this study may help local health authorities formulate and focus preventive measures to contain this infection. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV), a newly identified bunyavirus, has been found to circulate in mainland China, South Korea, and Japan since 2009. This virus is the etiologic agent for an emerging fatal hemorrhagic fever, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) with high fatality. Although ticks have been implicated as the primary host vector indicated by epidemiological surveys, their role in transmitting this virus to the susceptible hosts, including humans, has not been validated. In this study, we conducted experimental and natural infections of goats with SFTSV to explore the role of ticks for this pathogen’s transmission. In the experimental infection study, we have not found any viral transmission within the cohort by close contact between animals. However, in the natural infection study, every member of a naïve goat cohort was observed to get infected sequentially when they were farmed in a SFTSV-endemic site. We detected viral RNA from free-living and parasitic ticks rather than mosquitoes, and from goats after ticks’ infestation. We also observed sero-conversion in all members of the animal cohort subsequently. More importantly, in the natural infection study, two virus strains isolated from one infected goat and its parasitic ticks showed identical S segment sequences of the viral genome. All these findings indicate that ticks, especially the dominant species Haemaphysalis longicornis, probably act as viral vector for this emerging pathogen, SFTSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Jiao
- Institute of Pathogenic Microbiology, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology, Ministry Health, Nanjing, China
| | - Xian Qi
- Institute of Pathogenic Microbiology, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology, Ministry Health, Nanjing, China
| | - Dapeng Liu
- Institute of Pathogenic Microbiology, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology, Ministry Health, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zeng
- Institute of Pathogenic Microbiology, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology, Ministry Health, Nanjing, China
| | - Yewu Han
- Xuyi County Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Huai-an, China
| | - Xiling Guo
- Institute of Pathogenic Microbiology, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology, Ministry Health, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiyang Shi
- Institute of Pathogenic Microbiology, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology, Ministry Health, Nanjing, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Institute of Pathogenic Microbiology, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology, Ministry Health, Nanjing, China
| | - Minghao Zhou
- Institute of Pathogenic Microbiology, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology, Ministry Health, Nanjing, China
- * E-mail:
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First detection of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in the tick species Haemaphysalis concinna in Shandong Province, China. Parasitol Res 2015; 114:4703-7. [PMID: 26350381 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-015-4718-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to detect severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) infection using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification in adult Haemaphysalis concinna ticks. A total of 72 adult H. concinna ticks were obtained from 35 goats, three adult H. concinna ticks (4.17 %) collected from two goats were found to be infected with SFTSV via PCR assay. Sequence analysis showed that the partial segment M glycoprotein gene of SFTSV was about 500 bases long by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and that the PCR products from the samples had an identical sequence (KP714259). With regard to the phylogenetic analysis, the Nei-Gojobri (Kimura 2-parameter) method was used to construct the phylogenetic trees. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the obtained sequence closely resembled SFTSV strain from Zhejiang Province (KC189856) and belonged to the same clade. The similarity of these strains was up to 96.62 % (only differing by 17 bases). In addition, phylogenetic analysis also indicated that the sequence obtained from adult H. concinna ticks was most closely related to the sequence isolated from Haemaphysalis longicornis (KF781498) with 97.22 % similarity (differing only by 4 bases) and belonged to the same clade.
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46
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Lei XY, Liu MM, Yu XJ. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome and its pathogen SFTSV. Microbes Infect 2015; 17:149-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2014.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Revised: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Lu QB, Cui N, Hu JG, Chen WW, Xu W, Li H, Zhang XA, Ly H, Liu W, Cao WC. Characterization of immunological responses in patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome: a cohort study in China. Vaccine 2015; 33:1250-5. [PMID: 25645176 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Revised: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The immunological responses of patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) remain largely unknown. We aim to study the magnitude and sustainability of host immune responses and their correlation with clinical, virological and hematological parameters. METHODS A longitudinal cohort study was performed in a SFTS reference hospital. The sequential immunological evaluation was determined for SFTSV infected patients, including anti-SFTSV IgM, IgG antibodies and the lymphocyte subsets. RESULTS Altogether 298 laboratory-confirmed SFTS cases were analyzed, from whom 55 patients were followed after convalescence. SFTSV specific IgM antibody could be detected at medium of 9 days, surged to peak levels by 4 weeks, and remained persistent until 6 months after disease onset. SFTSV specific IgG antibody could be detected at medium of 6 weeks; surged to peak levels by 6 months, and remained positive in most of the patients even at 3 years after infection. SFTS patients experienced obvious T cell, B cell and NK cells loss during the first week of infection, which was rapidly restored to normal levels. A significantly lower level of humoral immunity was identified concurrently from severe disease, especially in acute phase of the infection. These abnormalities can be used as a potential indicator in the prediction of an adverse clinical outcome. CONCLUSIONS Information gained from this study have clinical significance in enhancing our understanding of SFTS immunological characteristics and the disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Bin Lu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Ning Cui
- The 154 Hospital, People's Liberation Army, Xinyang 464000, PR China
| | - Jian-Gong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Wei-Wei Chen
- The 302 Hospital, People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100039, PR China
| | - Wen Xu
- The 302 Hospital, People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100039, PR China
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Xiao-Ai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Hinh Ly
- University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, MN 55108, USA
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, PR China.
| | - Wu-Chun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, PR China.
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Hu C, Guo C, Yang Z, Wang L, Hu J, Qin S, Cui N, Peng W, Liu K, Liu W, Cao W. The severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome bunyavirus (SFTSV) antibody in a highly endemic region from 2011 to 2013: a comparative serological study. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2015; 92:479-81. [PMID: 25624404 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.14-0447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
A seropositive rate of 6.59% was determined in the highly endemic region for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome. A significant correlation was observed between case incidence and seroprevalence on temporal and geographic levels. Seroprevalence was comparable in the last 3 years, indicating a stable and ongoing circulation of the infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Hu
- Graduate School of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China; The 154 Hospital, Xinyang, Henan, China; The Shangcheng People's Hospital, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Chentao Guo
- Graduate School of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China; The 154 Hospital, Xinyang, Henan, China; The Shangcheng People's Hospital, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Zhendong Yang
- Graduate School of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China; The 154 Hospital, Xinyang, Henan, China; The Shangcheng People's Hospital, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Liyuan Wang
- Graduate School of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China; The 154 Hospital, Xinyang, Henan, China; The Shangcheng People's Hospital, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Jiangong Hu
- Graduate School of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China; The 154 Hospital, Xinyang, Henan, China; The Shangcheng People's Hospital, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Shuli Qin
- Graduate School of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China; The 154 Hospital, Xinyang, Henan, China; The Shangcheng People's Hospital, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Ning Cui
- Graduate School of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China; The 154 Hospital, Xinyang, Henan, China; The Shangcheng People's Hospital, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Wei Peng
- Graduate School of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China; The 154 Hospital, Xinyang, Henan, China; The Shangcheng People's Hospital, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Graduate School of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China; The 154 Hospital, Xinyang, Henan, China; The Shangcheng People's Hospital, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Graduate School of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China; The 154 Hospital, Xinyang, Henan, China; The Shangcheng People's Hospital, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Wuchun Cao
- Graduate School of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China; The 154 Hospital, Xinyang, Henan, China; The Shangcheng People's Hospital, Xinyang, Henan, China
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Liu R, Huang DD, Bai JY, Zhuang L, Lu QB, Zhang XA, Liu W, Wang JY, Cao WC. Immunization with recombinant SFTSV/NSs protein does not promote virus clearance in SFTSV-infected C57BL/6J mice. Viral Immunol 2015; 28:113-22. [PMID: 25594805 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2014.0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), caused by a novel Phlebovirus in the Bunyaviridae family named SFTS virus (SFTSV), is an emerging hemorrhagic fever with a wide distribution and high case-fatality rate. Neither effective treatment nor vaccines are available to treat and prevent this disease to date. It was recently reported that SFTSV nonstructural protein in S segment (SFTSV/NSs) functioned as the interferon (IFN) antagonist targeting for suppressing host's innate immunity. This study was designed to investigate the potential of recombinant SFTSV (rSFTSV)/NSs protein for inducing anti-NSs antibodies by pre-exposure vaccination to block SFTSV/NSs in the SFTSV-infected C57BL/6J mice. All mice in the rSFTSV/NSs-vaccinated group, negative control group, and blank control group survived with no visible clinical abnormities throughout the experiment, except for their sacrifice for sampling at each observation point. However, unexpectedly, a negative effect on the bodyweight of rSFTSV/NSs-vaccinated mice was observed after 21 days postinoculation. Pre-exposure vaccination with rSFTSV/NSs did not accelerate virus removal in mice though high titer of anti-NSs antibodies and elevated IFN-γ were detected in sera. Before virus challenge, the rSFTSV/NSs-vaccinated mice and negative control mice had a larger amount of platelets (PLT) than the blank control mice, which indicated that Freund's adjuvants could stimulate PLT production. In the aspect of cytokines, the rSFTSV/NSs-vaccinated mice had a 5- to 10-fold increase in interleukin (IL)-2, IL-5, IL-6, IFN-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α, which probably just had a negative effect on the bodyweight of mice. In general, therefore, previous vaccination with rSFTSV/NSs did not accelerate virus clearance in the SFTSV-infected mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Liu
- 1 School of Public Health, Peking University , Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Wang J, Selleck P, Yu M, Ha W, Rootes C, Gales R, Wise T, Crameri S, Chen H, Broz I, Hyatt A, Woods R, Meehan B, McCullough S, Wang LF. Novel phlebovirus with zoonotic potential isolated from ticks, Australia. Emerg Infect Dis 2015; 20:1040-3. [PMID: 24856477 PMCID: PMC4036776 DOI: 10.3201/eid2006.140003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently discovered tick-borne phleboviruses have been associated with severe disease and death among persons in Asia and the United States. We report the discovery of a novel tick phlebovirus in Tasmania State, Australia, that is closely related to those zoonotic viruses found in Asia and North America.
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