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Xu Z, Chu W, Lei X, Chen C. Higher oxidative balance score was associated with decreased risk of erectile dysfunction: a population-based study. Nutr J 2024; 23:54. [PMID: 38760760 PMCID: PMC11102141 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-024-00956-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a prevalent condition that is thought to be significantly impacted by oxidative stress. The oxidative balance score (OBS) has been built to characterize the state of antioxidant/pro-oxidant balance. There is less known regarding the relationship of OBS with ED. METHODS This study conducted cross-sectional analyses on 1860 males who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2001 to 2004. OBS was constructed by the 16 dietary components and 4 lifestyle factors. Self-reported ED was defined as men who indicated that they "never" or "sometimes" could achieve or keeping an erection adequate for satisfactory intercourse. Multivariate logistic regression models were applied to examine the association between OBS and the risk of ED. RESULTS Among 1860 participants, the median OBS was 20 (IQR 15-26), and OBS was lower in males with ED vs. those without ED (P = 0.001). The results of our analyses indicated a negative correlation between OBS and ED among male subjects. Specifically, each one-unit increase in the continuous OBS was relate to 3% reduction in the odds of ED after full adjustment. Moreover, when extreme OBS quartiles were compared, the adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for the 4th OBS category was 0.53 (0.32 to 0.88) after full adjustment (P for trend < 0.05). There was also statistical significance in the relationships between dietary/lifestyle OBS with ED, and the association between lifestyle OBS and ED may be even tighter. For each unit increase in lifestyle OBS, the odds of ED decreased by 11% after full adjustment. CONCLUSION Higher OBS was associated with reduced risk of ED in U.S. males. These findings suggested that adopting an antioxidant-rich diet and engaging in antioxidant-promoting lifestyle behaviors may contribute to a lower incidence of ED. These results provided recommendations for a comprehensive dietary and lifestyle antioxidants for ED patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiao Xu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Weiwei Chu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Lu 'an People's Hospital of Anhui Province, The Lu 'an Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Lu 'an, China
| | - Xiong Lei
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chengshui Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Interventional Pulmonology of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China.
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Research Center for Endoscope Instruments and Technology Development, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, China.
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Li J, Liu J, Shi W, Guo J. Role and molecular mechanism of Salvia miltiorrhiza associated with chemical compounds in the treatment of diabetes mellitus and its complications: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37844. [PMID: 38640337 PMCID: PMC11029945 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide, greatly impacting patients' quality of life. This article reviews the progress in Salvia miltiorrhiza, an ancient Chinese plant, for the treatment of DM and its associated complications. Extensive studies have been conducted on the chemical composition and pharmacological effects of S miltiorrhiza, including its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. It has demonstrated potential in preventing and treating diabetes and its consequences by improving peripheral nerve function and increasing retinal thickness in diabetic individuals. Moreover, S miltiorrhiza has shown effectiveness when used in conjunction with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), and statins. The safety and tolerability of S miltiorrhiza have also been thoroughly investigated. Despite the established benefits of managing DM and its complications, further research is needed to determine appropriate usage, dosage, long-term health benefits, and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajie Li
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Jinxing Liu
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Weibing Shi
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Jinchen Guo
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
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Miao Y, Zhang S, Liang Z, Wang Y, Tian D, Jin S, Guo Q, Xue H, Teng X, Xiao L, Wu Y. Hydrogen sulfide ameliorates endothelial dysfunction in aging arteries by regulating ferroptosis. Nitric Oxide 2023; 140-141:77-90. [PMID: 37875241 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Aging causes vascular endothelial dysfunction. We aimed to investigate the causes of vascular endothelial dysfunction during aging using plasma and renal arteries from patients who underwent nephrectomy and animal models. The results showed that the endogenous H2S-producing enzyme cystathione-γ-lyase (CSE) protein expression was downregulated in renal artery tissue, plasma H2S levels were reduced. Moreover, elevated lipid peroxidation and iron accumulation levels led to ferroptosis and endothelial diastolic function in the renal arteries was impaired in the elderly group. H2S enhanced the endogenous CSE expression in the elderly group, promoted endogenous H2S production, decreased lipid peroxide expression, and inhibited ferroptosis, which in turn improved vascular endothelial function in the elderly group. In animal models, we also observed the same results. In addition, we applied NaHS, Ferrostatin-1 (ferroptosis inhibitor) and erastin (ferroptosis inducer) to incubate renal arteries of SD rats. The results showed that NaHS enhanced ferroptosis related proteins expression, inhibited ferroptosis and improved vascular endothelial function. We demonstrated that endothelial dysfunction associated with aging is closely related to reduced endogenous H2S levels and ferroptosis in vascular endothelial cells. Notably, H2S reduced lipid peroxidation levels in vascular endothelial cells, inhibited ferroptosis in vascular endothelial cells, and improved endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Miao
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Shuangshuang Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Zihui Liang
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Danyang Tian
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Sheng Jin
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Qi Guo
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Hongmei Xue
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Xu Teng
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Lin Xiao
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.
| | - Yuming Wu
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China; Experimental Center for Teaching, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China; Key Laboratory of Vascular Medicine of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.
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Vlaicu PA, Untea AE, Varzaru I, Saracila M, Oancea AG. Designing Nutrition for Health-Incorporating Dietary By-Products into Poultry Feeds to Create Functional Foods with Insights into Health Benefits, Risks, Bioactive Compounds, Food Component Functionality and Safety Regulations. Foods 2023; 12:4001. [PMID: 37959120 PMCID: PMC10650119 DOI: 10.3390/foods12214001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This review delves into the concept of nutrition by design, exploring the relationship between poultry production, the utilization of dietary by-products to create functional foods, and their impact on human health. Functional foods are defined as products that extend beyond their basic nutritional value, offering potential benefits in disease prevention and management. Various methods, including extraction, fermentation, enrichment, biotechnology, and nanotechnology, are employed to obtain bioactive compounds for these functional foods. This review also examines the innovative approach of enhancing livestock diets to create functional foods through animal-based methods. Bioactive compounds found in these functional foods, such as essential fatty acids, antioxidants, carotenoids, minerals, vitamins, and bioactive peptides, are highlighted for their potential in promoting well-being and mitigating chronic diseases. Additionally, the review explores the functionality of food components within these products, emphasizing the critical roles of bioaccessibility, bioactivity, and bioavailability in promoting health. The importance of considering key aspects in the design of enhanced poultry diets for functional food production is thoroughly reviewed. The safety of these foods through the establishment of regulations and guidelines was reviewed. It is concluded that the integration of nutrition by design principles empowers individuals to make informed choices that can prioritize their health and well-being. By incorporating functional foods rich in bioactive compounds, consumers can proactively take steps to prevent and manage health issues, ultimately contributing to a healthier society and lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petru Alexandru Vlaicu
- Feed and Food Quality Department, National Research and Development Institute for Animal Nutrition and Biology, 077015 Balotesti, Romania; (A.E.U.); (I.V.); (M.S.); (A.G.O.)
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Simon A, Mazhar S, Khokhlova E, Leeuwendaal N, Phipps C, Deaton J, Rea K, Colom J. Solarplast ®-An Enzymatically Treated Spinach Extract. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2678. [PMID: 37514292 PMCID: PMC10384499 DOI: 10.3390/plants12142678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
In the modern world we are constantly bombarded by environmental and natural stimuli that can result in oxidative stress. Antioxidant molecules and enzymes help the human body scavenge reactive oxygen species and prevent oxidative damage. Most organisms possess intrinsic antioxidant activity, but also benefit from the consumption of antioxidants from their diet. Leafy green vegetables such as spinach are a well-researched rich source of dietary antioxidant molecules. However, plant cell walls are difficult to digest for many individuals and the bio-accessibility of nutrients and antioxidants from these sources can be limited by the degree of digestion and assimilation. Through a specific enzymatic process, Solarplast® contains organic spinach protoplasts without the cell wall, which may facilitate higher yield and efficacy of beneficial antioxidant molecules. In this study, analytical techniques coupled to in vitro bioassays were used to determine the potential antioxidant activity of Solarplast® and determine its antioxidant enzymatic capabilities. Solarplast® demonstrated superior antioxidant activity when compared to frozen spinach leaves in TOC, FRAP and TEAC antioxidant assays. Several antioxidant enzymes were also increased in Solarplast®, when compared to frozen spinach. As a functional readout, Solarplast® attenuated hydrogen peroxide-, ethanol- and acetaminophen-induced increases in oxidative stress and cytotoxicity in both intestinal (HT-29) and liver (HepG2) cell lines. These findings suggest that Solarplast® may represent a non-GMO, plant-based food supplement to help reduce oxidative stress in the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Simon
- ADM Cork H&W Limited, Food Science Building, University College Cork, T12 Y337 Cork, Ireland
| | - Shahneela Mazhar
- ADM Cork H&W Limited, Food Science Building, University College Cork, T12 Y337 Cork, Ireland
| | - Ekaterina Khokhlova
- ADM Cork H&W Limited, Food Science Building, University College Cork, T12 Y337 Cork, Ireland
| | - Natasha Leeuwendaal
- ADM Cork H&W Limited, Food Science Building, University College Cork, T12 Y337 Cork, Ireland
| | - Christopher Phipps
- ADM Deerland Probiotics and Enzymes, 3800 Cobb International Boulevard, Kennesaw, GA 30152, USA
| | - John Deaton
- ADM Deerland Probiotics and Enzymes, 3800 Cobb International Boulevard, Kennesaw, GA 30152, USA
| | - Kieran Rea
- ADM Cork H&W Limited, Food Science Building, University College Cork, T12 Y337 Cork, Ireland
| | - Joan Colom
- ADM Cork H&W Limited, Food Science Building, University College Cork, T12 Y337 Cork, Ireland
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6
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Nelson TJ, Xu Y. Sting and p53 DNA repair pathways are compromised in Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8304. [PMID: 37221295 PMCID: PMC10206146 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35533-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. A common finding in AD is DNA damage. Double-strand DNA breaks (DSBs) are particularly hazardous to neurons because their post-mitotic state forces neurons to rely on error-prone and potentially mutagenic mechanisms to repair DNA breaks. However, it remains unclear whether DNA damage results from increased DNA damage or failure of DNA repair. Oligomerization of the tumor suppressor protein p53 is an essential part of DSB repair, and p53 phosphorylated on S15 is an indicator of DNA damage. We report that the monomer:dimer ratio of phosphorylated (S15) p53 is increased by 2.86-fold in temporal lobes of AD patients compared to age-matched controls, indicating that p53 oligomerization is compromised in AD. In vitro oxidation of p53 with 100 nM H2O2 produced a similar shift in the monomer:dimer ratio. A COMET test showed a higher level of DNA degradation in AD consistent with double-strand DNA damage or inhibition of repair. Protein carbonylation was also elevated (190% of control), indicating elevated oxidative stress in AD patients. Levels of the DNA repair support protein 14-3-3σ, γ-H2AX, a phosphorylated histone marking double strand DNA breaks, and phosphorylated ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) protein were all increased. cGAS-STING-interferon signaling was impaired in AD and was accompanied by a depletion of STING protein from Golgi and a failure to elevate interferon despite the presence of DSBs. The results suggest that oxidation of p53 by ROS could inhibit the DDR and decrease its ability to orchestrate DSB repair by altering the oligomerization state of p53. The failure of immune-stimulated DNA repair may contribute to cell loss in AD and suggests new therapeutic targets for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Nelson
- Department of Neurology, Marshall University Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Huntington, WV, 25704, USA.
| | - Yunhui Xu
- Department of Neurology, Marshall University Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Huntington, WV, 25704, USA
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Yang Y, Shao M, Cheng W, Yao J, Ma L, Wang Y, Wang W. A Pharmacological Review of Tanshinones, Naturally Occurring Monomers from Salvia miltiorrhiza for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2023; 2023:3801908. [PMID: 36793978 PMCID: PMC9925269 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3801908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a set of heart and blood vessel disorders that include coronary heart disease (CHD), rheumatic heart disease, and other conditions. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has definite effects on CVDs due to its multitarget and multicomponent properties, which are gradually gaining national attention. Tanshinones, the major active chemical compounds extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza, exhibit beneficial improvement on multiple diseases, especially CVDs. At the level of biological activities, they play significant roles, including anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, anti-apoptosis and anti-necroptosis, anti-hypertrophy, vasodilation, angiogenesis, combat against proliferation and migration of smooth muscle cells (SMCs), as well as anti-myocardial fibrosis and ventricular remodeling, which are all effective strategies in preventing and treating CVDs. Additionally, at the cellular level, Tanshinones produce marked effects on cardiomyocytes, macrophages, endothelia, SMCs, and fibroblasts in myocardia. In this review, we have summarized a brief overview of the chemical structures and pharmacological effects of Tanshinones as a CVD treatment to expound on different pharmacological properties in various cell types in myocardia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Yang
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula (Beijing University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyan Shao
- Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula (Beijing University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wenkun Cheng
- Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula (Beijing University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Junkai Yao
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula (Beijing University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Ma
- Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula (Beijing University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula (Beijing University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula (Beijing University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Chang HI, Chen CN, Huang KY. Mechanical Stretch-Induced NLRP3 Inflammasome Expression on Human Annulus Fibrosus Cells Modulated by Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147951. [PMID: 35887297 PMCID: PMC9323355 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive mechanical loading is a major cause of spinal degeneration, typically originating from a tear in the annulus fibrosus (AF). Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and NLRP3 (NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3) inflammasome have been implicated in the pathogenesis of intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration. However, the causal relationship between the mechanical stretching of AF cells and the NLRP3 inflammasome response associated with ER stress remains scarce. To elucidate the pathogenesis and regulatory mechanisms of mechanical stretch-induced IVD degeneration, human AF cell lines were subjected to different degrees of cyclic stretching to simulate daily spinal movements. Our results indicated that 15% high cyclic stretch (HCS) induced the expression of NLRP3 and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and was also responsible for the increased expression of NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) oxidase 2 (NOX2) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in human AF cells. In addition, HCS increased the expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), an ER stress chaperone, which was neutralized with tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), an ER stress inhibitor. In addition, HCS was found to induce thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) expression and NLRP3 inflammasome activation, which can be suppressed by si-NOX2 or the NOX2 inhibitor GSK2795039. Consequently, HCS upregulated ER stress and ROS production, leading to increased NLRP3 and IL-1β expression in human AF cells, and may further accelerate IVD degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-I Chang
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 60004, Taiwan; (H.-I.C.); (C.-N.C.)
| | - Cheng-Nan Chen
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 60004, Taiwan; (H.-I.C.); (C.-N.C.)
| | - Kuo-Yuan Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70403, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-6-235-3535 (ext. 5237); Fax: +886-6-276-6189
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Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress Tethered to Cardiovascular Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:9154295. [PMID: 35783193 PMCID: PMC9249518 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9154295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a broad term that incorporated a group of conditions that affect the blood vessels and the heart. CVD is a foremost cause of fatalities around the world. Multiple pathophysiological mechanisms are involved in CVD; however, oxidative stress plays a vital role in generating reactive oxygen species (ROS). Oxidative stress occurs when the concentration of oxidants exceeds the potency of antioxidants within the body while producing reactive nitrogen species (RNS). ROS generated by oxidative stress disrupts cell signaling, DNA damage, lipids, and proteins, thereby resulting in inflammation and apoptosis. Mitochondria is the primary source of ROS production within cells. Increased ROS production reduces nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, which elevates vasoconstriction within the arteries and contributes to the development of hypertension. ROS production has also been linked to the development of atherosclerotic plaque. Antioxidants can decrease oxidative stress in the body; however, various therapeutic drugs have been designed to treat oxidative stress damage due to CVD. The present review provides a detailed narrative of the oxidative stress and ROS generation with a primary focus on the oxidative stress biomarker and its association with CVD. We have also discussed the complex relationship between inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in CVD as well as oxidative stress-induced obesity in CVD. Finally, we discussed the role of antioxidants in reducing oxidative stress in CVD.
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Effect of oxidative stress on telomere maintenance in aortic smooth muscle cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166397. [PMID: 35346819 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and telomere dysfunction are both associated with aging and the development of age-related diseases. Although there is evidence for a direct relationship between ROS and telomere dysfunction as well as an independent association of oxidative stress and telomere attrition with age-related disorders, there has not been sufficient exploration of how the interaction between oxidative stress and telomere function may contribute to the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). To better understand the complex relationships between oxidative stress, telomerase biology and pathophysiology, we examined the telomere biology of aortic smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) isolated from mutant mouse models of oxidative stress. We discovered that telomere lengths were significantly shorter in ASMCs isolated from superoxide dismutase 2 heterozygous (Sod2+/-) mice, which exhibit increased arterial stiffness with aging, and the observed telomere attrition occurred over time. Furthermore, the telomere erosion occurred even though telomerase activity increased. In contrast, telomeres remained stable in wild-type and superoxide dismutase 1 heterozygous (Sod1+/-) mice, which do not exhibit CVD phenotypes. The data indicate that mitochondrial oxidative stress, in particular elevated superoxide levels and decreased hydrogen peroxide levels, induces telomere erosion in the ASMCs of the Sod2+/- mice. This reduction in telomere length occurs despite an increase in telomerase activity and correlates with the onset of disease phenotype. Our results suggest that the oxidative stress caused by imbalance in mitochondrial ROS, from deficient SOD2 activity as a model for mitochondrial dysfunction results in telomere dysfunction, which may contribute to pathogenesis of CVD.
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Abstract
With the hope of achieving real cardiovascular repair, cell-based therapy raised as a promising strategy for the treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the past two decades. Various types of cells have been studied for their reparative potential for CVD in the ensuing years. Despite the exciting results from animal experiments, the outcome of clinical trials is unsatisfactory and the development of cell-based therapy for CVD has hit a plateau nowadays. Thus, it is important to summarize the obstacles we are facing in this field in order to explore possible solutions for optimizing cell-based therapy and achieving real clinical application.
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Flensted-Jensen M, Gram M, Dela F, Helge JW, Larsen S. Six weeks of high intensity cycle training reduces H 2O 2 emission and increases antioxidant protein levels in obese adults with risk factors for type 2 diabetes. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 173:1-6. [PMID: 34273538 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Obesity has been associated with increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which may be involved in the development of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Endurance exercise lowers ROS production and increases antioxidant capacity in muscle cells, but it is currently unknown whether high intensity interval training (HIT) elicits the same effects. Twelve sedentary obese subjects at risk of developing T2D took part in a six-week intervention, performing three HIT sessions per week (five 1-min sets of high-intensity cycling (125% of VO2peak), with 90 s recovery in between sets). Muscle biopsies were obtained for assessment of ROS production (H2O2 emission), mitochondrial respiratory capacity, and antioxidant protein levels before and after the intervention. H2O2 emission decreased 60.4% after the intervention (Succinate 3 mmol・l-1), concurrent with a 35.1% increase in protein levels of the antioxidant manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and a trend towards increased levels of the antioxidant catalase (p = 0.06, 72.9%). These findings were accompanied by a 19% increased mitochondrial respiratory capacity (CI + II), a 6.9% increased VO2peak and a 1.7% lower body fat percentage. These effects were achieved after just 15 min of high-intensity work and 40 min of total time spent per week. Overall, this suggests that a relatively small amount of HIT is sufficient to induce beneficial effects on ROS production and antioxidant status in muscle cells, which may lower oxidative stress and potentially protect against the development of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Flensted-Jensen
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Martin Gram
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Flemming Dela
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Geriatrics, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Jørn Wulff Helge
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Steen Larsen
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark; Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
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Khan S, Chavez J, Zhu X, Chiu NHL, Zhang W, Yin Z, Han J, Yang J, Sigler R, Tian S, Zhu H, Li Y, Wei J, Yi X, Jia Z. Carbon Nanodots Inhibit Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein-Induced Injury and Monocyte Adhesion to Endothelial Cells Through Scavenging Reactive Oxygen Species. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2021; 17:1654-1667. [PMID: 34544542 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2021.3125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Oxidized low density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) is a known biomarker of inflammation and atherosclerosis, a leading cause of death worldwide. As a new class of nanomaterials, carbon nanodots (CNDs) are widely used in bioimaging, diagnostics, and drug delivery. However, there is no current report on how these CNDs affect the cardiovascular system, particularly their potential in mediating endothelial inflammatory dysfunction. This study examined effects of CNDs on Ox-LDL-mediated endothelial dysfunction. CNDs significantly inhibited Ox-LDL-mediated adhesion of monocytes to human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1), in human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1). CNDs significantly inhibited Ox-LDL-mediated adhesion of monocytes to endothelial cells, which is an essential step in the development of atherosclerosis. Further, CNDs significantly inhibited OxLDL-induced expression of interleukin-8 (IL-8), a vital cytokine on monocyte adhesion to the endothelial cells. These results demonstrate CNDs possess anti-inflammatory properties. CNDs also protect cells against Ox-LDL-induced cytotoxicity. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy studies demonstrated direct reactive oxygen species-scavenging by CNDs. This result indicates that the anti-inflammatory properties of CNDs are most likely due to their direct scavenging of reactive oxygen species. Animal studies involving mice did not show any morphological or physical changes between the CNDs and control groups. Our study provides evidence of potential of CNDs in reducing Ox-LDL-mediated inflammation and cytotoxicity in HMEC-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safeera Khan
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA
| | - Jessica Chavez
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA
| | - Xuewei Zhu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Norman H L Chiu
- Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27401, USA
| | - Wendi Zhang
- Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27401, USA
| | - Ziyu Yin
- Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27401, USA
| | - Jian Han
- Department of Biology, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University Greensboro, NC, 27411, USA
| | - Jibin Yang
- Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, 48105 Michigan, USA
| | - Robert Sigler
- Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, 48105 Michigan, USA
| | - Shaomin Tian
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, USA
| | - Hong Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Campbell University, School of Osteopathic Medicine, Buies Creek, NC 27506, USA
| | - Yunbo Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Campbell University, School of Osteopathic Medicine, Buies Creek, NC 27506, USA
| | - Jianjun Wei
- Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27401, USA
| | - Xianwen Yi
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, USA
| | - Zhenquan Jia
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA
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14
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Zhang Y, Yin Y, Zhang W, Li H, Wang T, Yin H, Sun L, Su C, Zhang K, Xu H. Reactive oxygen species scavenging and inflammation mitigation enabled by biomimetic prussian blue analogues boycott atherosclerosis. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:161. [PMID: 34059078 PMCID: PMC8166117 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00897-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As one typical cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis severely endanger people’ life and cause burden to people health and mentality. It has been extensively accepted that oxidative stress and inflammation closely correlate with the evolution of atherosclerotic plaques, and they directly participate in all stages of atherosclerosis. Regarding this, anti-oxidation or anti-inflammation drugs were developed to enable anti-oxidative therapy and anti-inflammation therapy against atherosclerosis. However, current drugs failed to meet clinical demands. Methods Nanomedicine and nanotechnology hold great potential in addressing the issue. In this report, we engineered a simvastatin (Sim)-loaded theranostic agent based on porous manganese-substituted prussian blue (PMPB) analogues. The biomimetic PMPB carrier could scavenge ROS and mitigate inflammation in vitro and in vivo. Especially after combining with Sim, the composite Sim@PMPB NC was expected to regulate the processes of atherosclerosis. As well, Mn2+ release from PMPB was expected to enhance MRI. Results The composite Sim@PMPB NC performed the best in regulating the hallmarks of atherosclerosis with above twofold decreases, typically such as oxidative stress, macrophage infiltration, plaque density, LDL internalization, fibrous cap thickness and foam cell birth, etc. Moreover, H2O2-induced Mn2+ release from PMPB NC in atherosclerotic inflammation could enhance MRI for visualizing plaques. Moreover, Sim@PMPB exhibited high biocompatibility according to references and experimental results. Conclusions The biomimetic Sim@PMPB theranostic agent successfully stabilized atherosclerotic plaques and alleviated atherosclerosis, and also localized and magnified atherosclerosis, which enabled the monitoring of H2O2-associated atherosclerosis evolution after treatment. As well, Sim@PMPB was biocompatible, thus holding great potential in clinical translation for treating atherosclerosis. Graphic abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12951-021-00897-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound and Central Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, No. 301 Yan-chang-zhong Road, Shanghai, 200072, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifei Yin
- Department of Medical Ultrasound and Central Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, No. 301 Yan-chang-zhong Road, Shanghai, 200072, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, No. 15 Le-Qun Road, Xiufeng District, Guilin, 541001, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyan Li
- Department of Medical Ultrasound and Central Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, No. 301 Yan-chang-zhong Road, Shanghai, 200072, People's Republic of China
| | - Taixia Wang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound and Central Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, No. 301 Yan-chang-zhong Road, Shanghai, 200072, People's Republic of China
| | - Haohao Yin
- Department of Medical Ultrasound and Central Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, No. 301 Yan-chang-zhong Road, Shanghai, 200072, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Sun
- Department of Medical Ultrasound and Central Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, No. 301 Yan-chang-zhong Road, Shanghai, 200072, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chunxia Su
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 507 Zheng-Min Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound and Central Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, No. 301 Yan-chang-zhong Road, Shanghai, 200072, People's Republic of China.
| | - Huixiong Xu
- Department of Medical Ultrasound and Central Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, No. 301 Yan-chang-zhong Road, Shanghai, 200072, People's Republic of China
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15
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Wu YT, Xie LP, Hua Y, Xu HL, Chen GH, Han X, Tan ZB, Fan HJ, Chen HM, Li J, Liu B, Zhou YC. Tanshinone I Inhibits Oxidative Stress-Induced Cardiomyocyte Injury by Modulating Nrf2 Signaling. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:644116. [PMID: 34084132 PMCID: PMC8167655 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.644116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease, a disease caused by many pathogenic factors, is one of the most common causes of death worldwide, and oxidative stress plays a major role in its pathophysiology. Tanshinone I (Tan I), a natural compound with cardiovascular protective effects, is one of the main active compounds extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza. Here, we investigated whether Tan I could attenuate oxidative stress and oxidative stress–induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis through Nrf2/MAPK signaling in vivo and in vitro. We found that Tan I treatment protected cardiomyocytes against oxidative stress and oxidative stress–induced apoptosis, based on the detection of relevant oxidation indexes such as reactive oxygen species, superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, and apoptosis, including cell viability and apoptosis-related protein expression. We further examined the mechanisms underlying these effects, determining that Tan I activated nuclear factor erythroid 2 (NFE2)–related factor 2 (Nrf2) transcription into the nucleus and dose-dependently promoted the expression of Nrf2, while inhibiting MAPK signaling activation, including P38 MAPK, SAPK/JNK, and ERK1/2. Nrf2 inhibitors in H9C2 cells and Nrf2 knockout mice demonstrated aggravated oxidative stress and oxidative stress–induced cardiomyocyte injury; Tan I treatment suppressed these effects in H9C2 cells; however, its protective effect was inhibited in Nrf2 knockout mice. Additionally, the analysis of surface plasmon resonance demonstrated that Tan I could directly target Nrf2 and act as a potential Nrf2 agonist. Collectively, these data strongly indicated that Tan I might inhibit oxidative stress and oxidative stress–induced cardiomyocyte injury through modulation of Nrf2 signaling, thus supporting the potential therapeutic application of Tan I for oxidative stress–induced CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Ling-Peng Xie
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital (Zengcheng Branch), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Hua
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital (Zengcheng Branch), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Lin Xu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital (Zengcheng Branch), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guang-Hong Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital (Zengcheng Branch), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Han
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital (Zengcheng Branch), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhang-Bin Tan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui-Jie Fan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,TCM Health Construction Department of Yangjiang People's Hospital, Yangjiang, China
| | - Hong-Mei Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital (Zengcheng Branch), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying-Chun Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital (Zengcheng Branch), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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16
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Ultrafiltration Extract of Radix Angelica Sinensis and Radix Hedysari Attenuates Risk of Low-Dose X-Ray Radiation-Induced Myocardial Fibrosis In Vitro. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:5580828. [PMID: 34007293 PMCID: PMC8102106 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5580828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The risk of radiation-induced heart damage (RIHD) is a growing concern since recent advances in radiation therapy (RT) for cancer treatments have significantly improved the number of survivors. Radiation-induced myocardial fibrosis (RIMF) is the final pathological condition of RIHD and main change leading to serious cardiovascular complications following RT. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ultrafiltration extract of Radix Angelica Sinensis and Radix Hedysari (RAS-RH) on the proliferation, apoptosis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) of cardiac fibroblasts after X-irradiation in vitro. The RAS-RH extract was from the Danggui Buxue decoction (DBD) in TCM. Primary cardiac fibroblasts were irradiated with 1 Gy X-ray to evaluate the effect of RAS-RH on the expression levels of cell proliferation, apoptosis, ROS, and fibrotic molecules. Our data demonstrated that X-irradiation at 1 Gy resulted in the proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts; RAS-RH attenuated the myocardial fibrosis. Furthermore, X-ray radiation reduced the apoptosis of cardiac fibroblasts; RAS-RH accelerated the apoptosis of these cells after irradiation. In addition, the damage driven by ROS in primary cardiac fibroblasts after irradiation was weakened by RAS-RH and the expression of TGF-β1, Col1, and α-SMA increased after irradiation; RAS-RH decreased the expression of these makers. Overall, these data indicate that low-dose X-ray irradiation boosts myocardial fibrosis, and the effect of RAS-RH protects against fibrosis via attenuating the proliferation and accelerating the apoptosis of myocardial fibroblasts after X-irradiation.
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17
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Syed AM, Ram C, Murty US, Sahu BD. A review on herbal Nrf2 activators with preclinical evidence in cardiovascular diseases. Phytother Res 2021; 35:5068-5102. [PMID: 33894007 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are an ever-growing problem and are the most common cause of death worldwide. The uncontrolled production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the activation of ROS associated with various cell signaling pathways with oxidative cellular damage are the most common pathological conditions connected with CVDs including endothelial dysfunction, hypercontractility of vascular smooth muscle, cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. The nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a basic leucine zipper redox transcription factor, together with its negative regulator, kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), which serves as a key regulator of cellular defense mechanisms to combat oxidative stress and associated diseases. Multiple lines of evidence described here support the cardiac protective property of Nrf2 in various experimental models of cardiac related disease conditions. In this review, we emphasized the molecular mechanisms of Nrf2 and described the detailed outline of current findings on the therapeutic possibilities of the Nrf2 activators specifically from herbal origin in various CVDs. Based on evidence from various preclinical experimental models, we have highlighted the activation of Nrf2 pathway as a budding therapeutic option for the prevention and treatment of CVDs, which needs further investigation and validation in the clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Mohammad Syed
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Chetan Ram
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Upadhyayula Suryanarayana Murty
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Bidya Dhar Sahu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
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18
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Substance P Antagonism Prevents Chemotherapy-Induced Cardiotoxicity. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13071732. [PMID: 33917491 PMCID: PMC8038801 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Anthracyclines are a class of chemotherapeutics that are an essential component of many treatment regimens for solid and blood tumors. Doxorubicin (DOX), an anthracycline is broadly considered the most active single agent available for many cancers. However, effective use of anthracyclines is limited due to the possibility of cardiotoxicity, thus causing restrictions on treatment options for treatable cancers. Our studies indicate the SP/NK1R system as a promising novel target and use of NK1R antagonists as a translational tool for prevention of chemotherapy-associated cardiotoxicity in cancer. Abstract Background: Doxorubicin (DOX), used in chemotherapeutic regimens in many cancers, has been known to induce, cardiotoxicity and life-threatening heart failure or acute coronary syndromes in some patients. We determined the role of Substance P (SP), a neuropeptide and its high affinity receptor, NK-1R in chemotherapy associated cardiotoxicity in mice. We determined if NK-1R antagonism will prevent DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in vivo. Methods: C57BL/6 mice (6- week old male) were injected intraperitoneally with DOX (5 mg per kilogram of body weight once a week for 5 weeks) with or without treatment with aprepitant (a NK-1R antagonist, Emend, Merck & Co., Kenilworth, NJ, USA). Five different dosages of aprepitant were administered in the drinking water five days before the first injection of DOX and then continued until the end of the experiment. Each of these 5 doses are as follows; Dose 1 = 0.9 µg/mL, Dose 2 = 1.8 µg/mL, Dose 3 = 3.6 µg/mL, Dose 4 = 7.2 µg/mL, Dose 5 = 14.4 µg/mL. Controls consisted of mice injected with PBS (instead of DOX) with or without aprepitant treatment. The experiment was terminated 5 weeks post-DOX administration and various cardiac functional parameters were determined. Following euthanization, we measured heart weight to body weight ratios and the following in the hearts, of mice treated with and without DOX and aprepitant; (a) levels of SP and NK1R, (b) cardiomyocyte diameter (to determine evidence of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy), (c) Annexin V levels (to determine evidence of cardiac apoptosis), and (d) ratios of reduced glutathione (GSH) to oxidized glutathione (GSSG) (to determine evidence of oxidative stress). Results: We demonstrated that the levels of SP and NK1R were significantly increased respectively by 2.07 fold and 1.86 fold in the hearts of mice treated with versus without DOX. We determined that DOX-induced cardiac dysfunction was significantly attenuated by treatment with aprepitant. Cardiac functional parameters such as fractional shortening (FS), ejection fraction (EF) and stroke volume (SV) were respectively decreased by 27.6%, 21.02% and 21.20% compared to the vehicle treated group (All, p < 0.05, ANOVA). Importantly, compared to treatment with DOX alone, treatment with lower doses of aprepitant in DOX treated mice significantly reduced the effects of DOX on FS, EF and SV to values not significantly different from sham (vehicle treated) mice (All, p < 0.05, ANOVA). The levels of, apoptosis marker (Annexin V), oxidative stress (ratio of GSH with GSSG) and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy were respectively increased by 47.61%, 91.43% and 47.54% in the hearts of mice treated with versus without DOX. Compared to the DOX alone group, treatment with DOX and Dose 1, 2 and 3 of aprepitant significantly decreased the levels of each of these parameters (All p < 0.05, ANOVA). Conclusions: Our studies indicate that the SP/NK1-R system is a key mediator that induces, DOX-induced, cardiac dysfunction, cardiac apoptosis, cardiac oxidative stress and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. These studies implicate that NK-1R antagonists may serve as a novel therapeutic tool for prevention of chemotherapy induced cardiotoxicity in cancer.
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19
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Endothelial dysfunction induced by hydroxyl radicals – the hidden face of biodegradable Fe-based materials for coronary stents. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 112:110938. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.110938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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20
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Scarcello E, Herpain A, Tomatis M, Turci F, Jacques P, Lison D. Hydroxyl radicals and oxidative stress: the dark side of Fe corrosion. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 185:110542. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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Tofas T, Draganidis D, Deli CK, Georgakouli K, Fatouros IG, Jamurtas AZ. Exercise-Induced Regulation of Redox Status in Cardiovascular Diseases: The Role of Exercise Training and Detraining. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 9:antiox9010013. [PMID: 31877965 PMCID: PMC7023632 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although low levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are beneficial for the organism ensuring normal cell and vascular function, the overproduction of ROS and increased oxidative stress levels play a significant role in the onset and progression of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This paper aims at providing a thorough review of the available literature investigating the effects of acute and chronic exercise training and detraining on redox regulation, in the context of CVDs. An acute bout of either cardiovascular or resistance exercise training induces a transient oxidative stress and inflammatory response accompanied by reduced antioxidant capacity and enhanced oxidative damage. There is evidence showing that these responses to exercise are proportional to exercise intensity and inversely related to an individual’s physical conditioning status. However, when chronically performed, both types of exercise amplify the antioxidant defense mechanism, reduce oxidative stress and preserve redox status. On the other hand, detraining results in maladaptations within a time-frame that depends on the exercise training intensity and mode, as high-intensity training is superior to low-intensity and resistance training is superior to cardiovascular training in preserving exercise-induced adaptations during detraining periods. Collectively, these findings suggest that exercise training, either cardiovascular or resistance or even a combination of them, is a promising, safe and efficient tool in the prevention and treatment of CVDs.
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22
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Scarcello E, Lison D. Are Fe-Based Stenting Materials Biocompatible? A Critical Review of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. J Funct Biomater 2019; 11:jfb11010002. [PMID: 31877701 PMCID: PMC7151573 DOI: 10.3390/jfb11010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fe-based materials have increasingly been considered for the development of biodegradable cardiovascular stents. A wide range of in vitro and in vivo studies should be done to fully evaluate their biocompatibility. In this review, we summarized and analyzed the findings and the methodologies used to assess the biocompatibility of Fe materials. The majority of investigators drew conclusions about in vitro Fe toxicity based on indirect contact results. The setup applied in these tests seems to overlook the possible effects of Fe corrosion and does not allow for understanding of the complexity of released chemical forms and their possible impact on tissue. It is in particular important to ensure that test setups or interpretations of in vitro results do not hide some important mechanisms, leading to inappropriate subsequent in vivo experiments. On the other hand, the sample size of existing in vivo implantations is often limited, and effects such as local toxicity or endothelial function are not deeply scrutinized. The main advantages and limitations of in vitro design strategies applied in the development of Fe-based alloys and the correlation with in vivo studies are discussed. It is evident from this literature review that we are not yet ready to define an Fe-based material as safe or biocompatible.
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Abstract
The microcirculation maintains tissue homeostasis through local regulation of blood flow and oxygen delivery. Perturbations in microvascular function are characteristic of several diseases and may be early indicators of pathological changes in the cardiovascular system and in parenchymal tissue function. These changes are often mediated by various reactive oxygen species and linked to disruptions in pathways such as vasodilation or angiogenesis. This overview compiles recent advances relating to redox regulation of the microcirculation by adopting both cellular and functional perspectives. Findings from a variety of vascular beds and models are integrated to describe common effects of different reactive species on microvascular function. Gaps in understanding and areas for further research are outlined. © 2020 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 10:229-260, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew O Kadlec
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.,Medical Scientist Training Program, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.,Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - David D Gutterman
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Medicine-Division of Cardiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.,Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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24
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Lakshmi Sundaram R, Vasanthi HR. Dalspinin isolated from Spermacoce hispida (Linn.) protects H9c2 cardiomyocytes from hypoxic injury by modulating oxidative stress and apoptosis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 241:111962. [PMID: 31121210 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.111962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Spermacoce hispida (S.hispida), a potential medicinal plant has been traditionally used as an antibacterial, antieczemic, antihypertensive, antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic agent. Although, this plant has been claimed to protect against oxidative injury and inflammatory conditions in recent studies, its cardioprotective effect and the active constituents responsible for its bioactivity is sparsely studied. Hence this work is undertaken to study the active biomolecule responsible for modulating the cardiomyocytes on hypoxic injury relevant to its ethanopharmacology. AIM OF THE STUDY The current study is to isolate and characterize a bioactive molecule from S.hispida, which exhibits protection against hypoxic injury in an in vitro hypoxic model of cultured H9c2 cardiomyocytes. MATERIALS AND METHODS The methanolic extract of S.hispida plant was fractionated with various solvents sequentially. The ethyl acetate fraction that was concentrated and chromatographed over silica gel column eluted 18 fractions, which yielded 5 compounds, which were characterized using spectral data. The isolated new compound was further tested for its protective effect against hypoxic injury, wherein cobalt chloride (CoCl2) was used to induce hypoxia in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts. To evaluate the protective effect of the isolated compound, the markers of oxidative stress, apoptosis, and cell death were checked by endogenous levels of antioxidants, [malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH)], lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and immunoblot (HIF-α, Bcl2, Bax, procaspase and cleaved caspase-3). RESULTS Among the five compounds isolated and characterized from S. hispida methanolic extract, β-sitosterol, ursolic acid, quercetin and rutin were known phytochemicals, while the new isoflavone was identified as dalspinin-7-0-β-D-galactopyranoside (DBG). Among the isolated compounds, the antioxidant potential of DBG confirmed by DPPH free radical scavenging and ORAC assays was superior. CoCl2-induced hypoxic condition significantly decreased cell viability, SOD activity, GSH concentration and increased the level of MDA and LDH activity. Western blot studies revealed an upregulation of HIF-1α, Bax and caspase and down regulation of Bcl-2 expression. The oxidative abnormalities were ameliorated by DBG pretreatment, as deduced by the reduced CoCl2-induced cytotoxicity, MDA concentration, LDH activity and the expression of HIF-1α, Bax and caspase and the enhanced levels of SOD, GSH and Bcl2 expression in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION DBG protects H9c2 cells from CoCl2-induced hypoxic damage by mitigating oxidative stress and preserving cell viability. The overall findings highlight the protective action of DBG, a potential source of antioxidant of natural origin against hypoxic injury and may help in mitigating the progress of oxidative stress in cardiac cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lakshmi Sundaram
- Central Research Facility, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Porur, Chennai, 600 116, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hannah R Vasanthi
- Deparment of Biotechnology, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, 605 014, India.
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Effect of extraction methods on antioxidant and anticoagulant activities of Thymus atlanticus aerial part. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2019.e00143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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Mayorov V, Uchakin P, Amarnath V, Panov AV, Bridges CC, Uzhachenko R, Zackert B, Moore CS, Davies S, Dikalova A, Dikalov S. Targeting of reactive isolevuglandins in mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation. Redox Biol 2019; 26:101300. [PMID: 31437812 PMCID: PMC6831880 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Western societies. Despite use of multiple drugs, both chronic and acute inflammation still represent major health burdens. Inflammation produces highly reactive dicarbonyl lipid peroxidation products such as isolevuglandins which covalently modify and cross-link proteins via lysine residues. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been associated with inflammation; however, its molecular mechanisms and pathophysiological role are still obscure. We hypothesized that inflammation-induced isolevuglandins contribute to mitochondrial dysfunction and mortality. To test this hypothesis, we have (a) investigated the mitochondrial dysfunction in response to synthetic 15-E2-isolevuglandin (IsoLG) and its adducts; (b) developed a new mitochondria-targeted scavenger of isolevuglandins by conjugating 2-hydroxybenzylamine to the lipophilic cation triphenylphosphonium, (4-(4-aminomethyl)-3-hydroxyphenoxy)butyl)-triphenylphosphonium (mito2HOBA); (c) tested if mito2HOBA protects from mitochondrial dysfunction and mortality using a lipopolysaccharide model of inflammation. Acute exposure to either IsoLG or IsoLG adducts with lysine, ethanolamine or phosphatidylethanolamine inhibits mitochondrial respiration and attenuates Complex I activity. Complex II function was much more resistant to IsoLG. We confirmed that mito2HOBA markedly accumulates in isolated mitochondria and it is highly reactive with IsoLGs. To test the role of mitochondrial IsoLGs, we studied the therapeutic potential of mito2HOBA in lipopolysaccharide mouse model of sepsis. Mito2HOBA supplementation in drinking water (0.1 g/L) to lipopolysaccharide treated mice increased survival by 3-fold, improved complex I-mediated respiration, and histopathological analyses supported mito2HOBA-mediated protection of renal cortex from cell injury. These data support the role of mitochondrial IsoLG in mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation. We conclude that reducing mitochondrial IsoLGs may be a promising therapeutic target in inflammation and conditions associated with mitochondrial oxidative stress and dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter Uchakin
- Mercer University School of Medicine, Macon, GA, USA
| | | | - Alexander V Panov
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biophysics, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | | | | | - Bill Zackert
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Sean Davies
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Anna Dikalova
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sergey Dikalov
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
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Shimizu K, Matsuoka Y. Redox rebalance against genetic perturbations and modulation of central carbon metabolism by the oxidative stress regulation. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 37:107441. [PMID: 31472206 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.107441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The micro-aerophilic organisms and aerobes as well as yeast and higher organisms have evolved to gain energy through respiration (via oxidative phosphorylation), thereby enabling them to grow much faster than anaerobes. However, during respiration, reactive oxygen species (ROSs) are inherently (inevitably) generated, and threaten the cell's survival. Therefore, living organisms (or cells) must furnish the potent defense systems to keep such ROSs at harmless level, where the cofactor balance plays crucial roles. Namely, NADH is the source of energy generation (catabolism) in the respiratory chain reactions, through which ROSs are generated, while NADPH plays important roles not only for the cell synthesis (anabolism) but also for detoxifying ROSs. Therefore, the cell must rebalance the redox ratio by modulating the fluxes of the central carbon metabolism (CCM) by regulating the multi-level regulation machinery upon genetic perturbations and the change in the growth conditions. Here, we discuss about how aerobes accomplish such cofactor homeostasis against redox perturbations. In particular, we consider how single-gene mutants (including pgi, pfk, zwf, gnd and pyk mutants) modulate their metabolisms in relation to cofactor rebalance (and also by adaptive laboratory evolution). We also discuss about how the overproduction of NADPH (by the pathway gene mutation) can be utilized for the efficient production of useful value-added chemicals such as medicinal compounds, polyhydroxyalkanoates, and amino acids, all of which require NADPH in their synthetic pathways. We then discuss about the metabolic responses against oxidative stress, where αketoacids play important roles not only for the coordination between catabolism and anabolism, but also for detoxifying ROSs by non-enzymatic reactions, as well as for reducing the production of ROSs by repressing the activities of the TCA cycle and respiration (via carbon catabolite repression). Thus, we discuss about the mechanisms (basic strategies) that modulate the metabolism from respiration to respiro-fermentative metabolism causing overflow, based on the role of Pyk activity, affecting the NADPH production at the oxidative pentose phosphate (PP) pathway, and the roles of αketoacids for the change in the source of energy generation from the oxidative phosphorylation to the substrate level phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyuki Shimizu
- Kyushu institute of Technology, Iizuka, Fukuoka 820-8502, Japan; Institute of Advanced Biosciences, Keio university, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0017, Japan.
| | - Yu Matsuoka
- Kyushu institute of Technology, Iizuka, Fukuoka 820-8502, Japan.
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Wang H, Wei J, Zheng Q, Meng L, Xin Y, Yin X, Jiang X. Radiation-induced heart disease: a review of classification, mechanism and prevention. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:2128-2138. [PMID: 31592122 PMCID: PMC6775290 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.35460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
With the increasing incidence of thoracic tumors, radiation therapy (RT) has become an important component of comprehensive treatment. RT improves survival in many cancers, but it involves some inevitable complications. Radiation-induced heart disease (RIHD) is one of the most serious complications. RIHD comprises a spectrum of heart disease including cardiomyopathy, pericarditis, coronary artery disease, valvular heart disease and conduction system abnormalities. There are numerous clinical manifestations of RIHD, such as chest pain, palpitation, and dyspnea, even without obvious symptoms. Based on previous studies, the pathogenesis of RIHD is related to the production and effects of various cytokines caused by endothelial injury, inflammatory response, and oxidative stress (OS). Therefore, it is of great importance for clinicians to identify the mechanism and propose interventions for the prevention of RIHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heru Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.,Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Jinlong Wei
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Qingshuang Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Lingbin Meng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Florida Hospital, Orlando, FL 32804,USA
| | - Ying Xin
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xia Yin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
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Lu D, Peng F, Li J, Zhao J, Ye X, Li B, Ding W. Urotensin II promotes secretion of LTB 4 through 5-lipoxygenase via the UT-ROS-Akt pathway in RAW264.7 macrophages. Arch Med Sci 2019; 15:1065-1072. [PMID: 31360201 PMCID: PMC6657259 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2019.85197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Urotensin II (UII) is an important vasoactive peptide involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Monocytes/macrophages play important roles in every step of atherosclerosis. Although UII has a chemoattractant effect on monocytes, it is unclear whether UII regulates inflammatory responses in macrophages. The present study sought to explore whether UII can promote leukotriene B4 (LTB4) production by macrophages. MATERIAL AND METHODS The mRNA expression level of LTB4 and 5-lipoxygenase were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The protein level of LTB4 and 5-lipoxygenase expression was assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot, respectively. Western blot analysis was also employed to determine the phosphorylated forms of Akt. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was detected by the fluorescent probe 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate and fluorescence intensity was measured with a multiwell fluorescence plate reader. RESULTS Urotensin II promoted LTB4 release and increased 5-lipoxygenase expression in a concentration- and time-dependent manner in RAW264.7 cells. Leukotriene B4 production and 5-lipoxygenase expression were decreased by blocking the UII receptor (UT) with urantide, eliminating ROS with N-acetylcysteine and diphenyliodonium, and inhibiting Akt phosphorylation with LY294002. UII significantly elevated ROS production, whereas urantide, N-acetylcysteine and diphenyliodonium substantially attenuated this effect. UII also enhanced Akt phosphorylation significantly, and this effect was potently inhibited by urantide, N-acetylcysteine, diphenyliodonium and LY294002. CONCLUSIONS Urotensin II may promote 5-lipoxygenase expression and LTB4 release in RAW264.7 macrophages via UT-ROS-Akt pathways. These results indicate that UII may participate in macrophage activation and suggest a potential new mechanism underlying atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fen Peng
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojin Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Binghan Li
- Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment, Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Wenhui Ding
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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Vivekanadhan S, Mukhopadhyay D. Divergent roles of Plexin D1 in cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2019; 1872:103-110. [PMID: 31152824 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Plexin D1 belongs to a family of transmembrane proteins called plexins. It was characterized as a receptor for semaphorins and is known to be essential for axonal guidance and vascular patterning. Mutations in Plexin D1 have been implicated in pathologic conditions such as truncus arteriosus and Möbius syndrome. Emerging data show that expression of Plexin D1 is deregulated in several cancers; it can support tumor development by aiding in tumor metastasis and EMT; and conversely, it can act as a dependence receptor and stimulate cell death in the absence of its canonical ligand, semaphorin 3E. The role of Plexin D1 in tumor development and progression is thereby garnering research interest for its potential as a biomarker and as a therapeutic target. In this review, we describe its discovery, structure, mutations, role(s) in cancer, and therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Vivekanadhan
- Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, FL, USA
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Zhang YE, Huang GQ, Wu B, Lin XD, Yang WZ, Ke ZY, Liu J. Hydrogen sulfide protects H9c2 cardiomyoblasts against H2O2-induced apoptosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 52:e7626. [PMID: 30994729 PMCID: PMC6472936 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20187626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive chemical species that may cause irreversible tissue damage, and play a critical role in cardiovascular diseases. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gasotransmitter that acts as a ROS scavenger with cardio-protective effects. In this study, we investigated the cytoprotective effect of H2S against H2O2-induced apoptosis in cardiomyocytes. H9c2 rat cardiomyoblasts were treated with H2S (100 μM) 24 h before challenging with H2O2 (100 μM). Apoptosis was then assessed by annexin V and PI, and mitochondrial membrane potential was measured using a fluorescent probe, JC-1. Our results revealed that H2S improved cell viability, reduced the apoptotic rate, and preserved mitochondrial membrane potential. An increased Bcl-2 to Bax ratio was also seen in myocytes treated with H2S after H2O2-induced stress. Our findings indicated a therapeutic potential for H2S in preventing myocyte death following ischemia/reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- You En Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Guang Qing Huang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Bing Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xin Duo Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Wen Zi Yang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Zun Yu Ke
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
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Morra EA, Rodrigues PL, Jesus ICGD, Do Val Lima PR, Ávila RA, Zanardo TÉC, Nogueira BV, Bers DM, Guatimosim S, Stefanon I, Ribeiro Júnior RF. Endurance training restores spatially distinct cardiac mitochondrial function and myocardial contractility in ovariectomized rats. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 130:174-188. [PMID: 30315935 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.10.406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that the loss of female hormones induces cardiac and mitochondrial dysfunction in the female heart. Here, we show the impact of endurance training for twelve weeks, a nonpharmacological therapy against cardiovascular disease caused by ovariectomy and its contribution to cardiac contractility, mitochondrial quality control, bioenergetics and oxidative damage. We found that ovariectomy induced cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction by decreasing SERCA2 and increasing phospholamban protein expression. Endurance training restored myocardial contractility, SERCA2 levels, increased calcium transient in ovariectomized rats but did not change phospholamban protein expression or cardiac hypertrophy. Additionally, ovariectomy decreased the amount of intermyofibrillar mitochondria and induced mitochondrial fragmentation that were accompanied by decreased levels of mitofusin 1, PGC-1α, NRF-1, total AMPK-α and mitochondrial Tfam. Endurance training prevented all these features except for mitofusin 1. Ovariectomy reduced O2 consumption, elevated O2.- release and increased Ca2+-induced mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening in both mitochondrial subpopulations. Ovariectomy also increased NOX-4 protein expression in the heart, reduced mitochondrial Mn-SOD, catalase protein expression and increased protein carbonylation in both mitochondrial subpopulations, which were prevented by endurance training. Taken together, our findings show that endurance training prevented cardiac contractile dysfunction and mitochondrial quality control in ovariectomized rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elis Aguiar Morra
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Paula Lopes Rodrigues
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | | | | | - Renata Andrade Ávila
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | | | | | - Donald M Bers
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - Silvia Guatimosim
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, MG, Brazil
| | - Ivanita Stefanon
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Rogério Faustino Ribeiro Júnior
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, USA.
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Xuan Y, Gào X, Holleczek B, Brenner H, Schöttker B. Prediction of myocardial infarction, stroke and cardiovascular mortality with urinary biomarkers of oxidative stress: Results from a large cohort study. Int J Cardiol 2018; 273:223-229. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Sundaram R L, Sali VK, Vasanthi HR. Protective effect of rutin isolated from Spermococe hispida against cobalt chloride-induced hypoxic injury in H9c2 cells by inhibiting oxidative stress and inducing apoptosis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 51:196-204. [PMID: 30466617 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.09.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease and its related deaths are increasing in the modern world. Therefore, there is a need to identify a plant based nutraceutical supplement with potent activity. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE Reportedly, the protective effect of the rutin in hypoxia-induced cardiomyocytes is due to the activation of molecular networks related to programmed cell death. STUDY DESIGN-METHODS Phytochemical methods and advanced analytical methods were employed to isolate natural products from Spermococe hispida their effects in cardiomyocyets. RESULTS We reports herein that CoCl2-induced hypoxic condition significantly decreased cell viability as evidenced by MTT assay and cell cycle analysis. Western blot studies revealed an up-regulation of HIF-1α, BAX and caspase and down-regulation of BCl-2 expression, followed by modulation of Akt, p-Akt, p38 and p-p38. The oxidative abnormalities were ameliorated by rutin pretreatment, as deduced by the reduced CoCl2-induced cytotoxicity, MDA concentration and LDH activity and the enhanced levels of GSH and SOD in a dose-dependent manner. Rutin protects H9c2 cells from CoCl2-induced hypoxic damage by mitigating oxidative stress and preserving cell viability by modulating the antiapoptotic proteins. CONCLUSION The overall findings reinforce the cardioprotective action of rutin, a potential source of antioxidant of natural origin, which may help in mitigating the progress of oxidative stress in hypoxic conditions such as myocardial infarction and stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Sundaram R
- Central Research Facility, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Porur, Chennai 600 116, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Veeresh Kumar Sali
- Deparment of Biotechnology, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry 605 014, India
| | - Hannah R Vasanthi
- Deparment of Biotechnology, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry 605 014, India.
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Association of serum markers of oxidative stress with myocardial infarction and stroke: pooled results from four large European cohort studies. Eur J Epidemiol 2018; 34:471-481. [PMID: 30406496 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-018-0457-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress contributes to endothelial dysfunction and is involved in the pathogenesis of myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke. However, associations of biomarkers of oxidative stress with MI and stroke have not yet been addressed in large cohort studies. A nested case-control design was applied in four population-based cohort studies from Germany, Czech Republic, Poland and Lithuania. Derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs) levels, as a proxy for the reactive oxygen species burden, and total thiol levels (TTL), as a proxy for the reductive capacity, were measured in baseline serum samples of 476 incident MI cases and 454 incident stroke cases as well as five controls per case individually matched by study center, age and sex. Statistical analyses were conducted with multi-variable adjusted conditional logistic regression models. d-ROMs levels were associated with both MI (odds ratio (OR), 1.21 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05-1.40] for 100 Carr units increase) and stroke (OR, 1.17 [95% CI 1.01-1.35] for 100 Carr units increase). TTL were only associated with stroke incidence (OR, 0.79 [95% CI 0.63-0.99] for quartiles 2-4 vs. quartile 1). The observed relationships were stronger with fatal than with non-fatal endpoints; association of TTL with fatal MI was statistically significant (OR, 0.69 [95% CI 0.51-0.93] for 100 μmol/L-increase). This pooled analysis of four large population-based cohorts suggests an important contribution of an imbalanced redox system to the etiology of mainly fatal MI and stroke events.
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Drzeżdżon J, Jacewicz D, Chmurzyński L. The impact of environmental contamination on the generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species - Consequences for plants and humans. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 119:133-151. [PMID: 29957355 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Environmental contaminants, such as heavy metals, nanomaterials, and pesticides, induce the formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS). Plants interact closely with the atmosphere, water, and soil, and consequently RONS intensely affect their biochemistry. For the past 30 years researchers have thoroughly examined the role of RONS in plant organisms and oxidative modifications to cellular components. Hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion, nitrogen(II) oxide, and hydroxyl radicals have been found to take part in many metabolic pathways. In this review the various aspects of the oxidative stress induced by environmental contamination are described based on an analysis of literature. The review reinforces the contention that RONS play a dual role, that is, both a deleterious and a beneficial one, in plants. Environmental contamination affects human health, also, and so we have additionally described the impact of RONS on the coupled human - environment system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Drzeżdżon
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Dagmara Jacewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Lech Chmurzyński
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
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Liu S, He L, Yao K. The Antioxidative Function of Alpha-Ketoglutarate and Its Applications. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:3408467. [PMID: 29750149 PMCID: PMC5884300 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3408467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG) is a crucial intermediate of the Krebs cycle and plays a critical role in multiple metabolic processes in animals and humans. Of note, AKG contributes to the oxidation of nutrients (i.e., amino acids, glucose, fatty acids) and then provides energy for cell processes. As a precursor of glutamate and glutamine, AKG acts as an antioxidant agent as it directly reacts with hydrogen peroxide with formation of succinate, water, and carbon dioxide; meanwhile, it discharges plenty of ATP by oxidative decarboxylation. Recent studies also show that AKG has alleviative effect on oxidative stress as a source of energy and an antioxidant in mammalian cells. In this review, we highlight recent advances in the antioxidative function of AKG and its applications in animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liuqin He
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kang Yao
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
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Vozenilek AE, Vetkoetter M, Green JM, Shen X, Traylor JG, Klein RL, Orr AW, Woolard MD, Krzywanski DM. Absence of Nicotinamide Nucleotide Transhydrogenase in C57BL/6J Mice Exacerbates Experimental Atherosclerosis. J Vasc Res 2018; 55:98-110. [PMID: 29455203 DOI: 10.1159/000486337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute to inflammation and vascular remodeling during atherosclerotic plaque formation. C57BL/6N (6N) and C57BL/6J (6J) mice display distinct mitochondrial redox balance due to the absence of nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase (NNT) in 6J mice. We hypothesize that differential NNT expression between these animals alters plaque development. METHODS 6N and 6J mice were treated with AAV8-PCSK9 (adeno-associated virus serotype 8/proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9) virus leading to hypercholesterolemia, increased low-density lipoprotein, and atherosclerosis in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Mice were co-treated with the mitochondria-targeted superoxide dismutase mimetic MitoTEMPO to assess the contribution of mitochondrial ROS to atherosclerosis. RESULTS Baseline and HFD-induced vascular superoxide is increased in 6J compared to 6N mice. MitoTEMPO diminished superoxide in both groups demonstrating differential production of mitochondrial ROS among these strains. PCSK9 treatment and HFD led to similar increases in plasma lipids in both 6N and 6J mice. However, 6J animals displayed significantly higher levels of plaque formation. MitoTEMPO reduced plasma lipids but did not affect plaque formation in 6N mice. In contrast, MitoTEMPO surprisingly increased plaque formation in 6J mice. CONCLUSION These data indicate that loss of NNT increases vascular ROS production and exacerbates atherosclerotic plaque development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimee E Vozenilek
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA.,Center for Cardiovascular Disease and Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center - Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
| | - Matthew Vetkoetter
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA.,Center for Cardiovascular Disease and Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center - Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
| | - Jonette M Green
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, School of Medicine, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA.,Center for Cardiovascular Disease and Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center - Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
| | - Xinggui Shen
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, School of Medicine, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA.,Center for Cardiovascular Disease and Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center - Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
| | - James G Traylor
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, School of Medicine, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
| | - Ronald L Klein
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA.,Center for Cardiovascular Disease and Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center - Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
| | - A Wayne Orr
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA.,Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, School of Medicine, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA.,Center for Cardiovascular Disease and Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center - Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
| | - Matthew D Woolard
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA.,Center for Cardiovascular Disease and Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center - Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
| | - David M Krzywanski
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA.,Center for Cardiovascular Disease and Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center - Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
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Uddin MMN, Kabir MSH, Hasan M, Al Mahmud Z, Alam Bhuiya NMM, Ahmed F, Hasan MR, Hosen MT, Alam MS. Assessment of the antioxidant, thrombolytic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antidepressant and anxiolytic activities of leaf extracts and fractions of Tetracera sarmentosa (L.) Vahl. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2018; 29:81-93. [PMID: 28981441 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2016-0173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The plant under investigation (Tetracera sarmentosa) is a dicotyledonous flowering plant and belongs to the family Dilleniaceae. The goal of our investigation was to determine whether the leaf extracts of this plant held any significant medicinal properties. METHODS Leaves of T. sarmentosa were extracted with pure ethanol (EETS) and methanol (METS), and then methanol extract fractioned with n-hexane (NHFMETS) and chloroform (CHFMETS). The extracts and fractions were tested for antioxidant activity, which was measured by using qualitative and quantitative procedures. Thrombolytic activity was evaluated by the clot lysis test. Analgesic activity was evaluated employing the acidic acid-induced writhing test, the formalin-induced paw licking test and tail immersion on Swiss albino mice. The anti-inflammatory activity test was studied using the paw edema test. Forced swimming, tail suspension, elevated plus maze and hole board model tests were used to evaluate neuropharmacological activity. RESULTS All the extracts and fractions possessed antioxidant effects. All the extracts, fractions and streptokinase exhibited significant (p<0.0001) clot lysis. The extracts and fractions produced significant analgesic effects as evaluated by the acetic acid writhing test, the formalin-induced paw licking test and the tail immersion method. Similarly, carrageenan-induced inflammation was significantly antagonized by the treatments. The extracts and fractions also significantly showed neuropharmacological (antidepressant and anxiolytic) effects. CONCLUSIONS The overall results suggested that this plant deserves further investigation to isolate the active compounds which are responsible for these activities and to establish the mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mir Muhammad Nasir Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Science, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | | | - Mahmud Hasan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Zobaer Al Mahmud
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - N M Mahmudul Alam Bhuiya
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Science, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Farhan Ahmed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Rakibul Hasan
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Tanvir Hosen
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Shahin Alam
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
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40
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Van Hecke T, Van Camp J, De Smet S. Oxidation During Digestion of Meat: Interactions with the Diet andHelicobacter pyloriGastritis, and Implications on Human Health. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2017; 16:214-233. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Van Hecke
- the Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality; Ghent Univ.; Ghent Belgium
| | - John Van Camp
- the Unit of Food Chemistry and Human Nutrition; Ghent Univ.; Ghent Belgium
| | - Stefaan De Smet
- the Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality; Ghent Univ.; Ghent Belgium
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41
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Moreno-Loshuertos R, Enríquez JA. Respiratory supercomplexes and the functional segmentation of the CoQ pool. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 100:5-13. [PMID: 27105951 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The evidence accumulated during the last fifteen years on the existence of respiratory supercomplexes and their proposed functional implications has changed our understanding of the OXPHOS system complexity and regulation. The plasticity model is a point of encounter accounting for the apparently contradictory experimental observations claimed to support either the solid or the fluid models. It allows the explanation of previous observations such as the dependence between respiratory complexes, supercomplex assembly dynamics or the existence of different functional ubiquinone pools. With the general acceptation of respiratory supercomplexes as true entities, this review evaluates the supporting evidences in favor or against the existence of different ubiquinone pools and the relationship between supercomplexes, ROS production and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Moreno-Loshuertos
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna, 12, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - José Antonio Enríquez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna, 12, Zaragoza 50009, Spain.
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42
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Limbu S, Hoang-Trong TM, Prosser BL, Lederer WJ, Jafri MS. Modeling Local X-ROS and Calcium Signaling in the Heart. Biophys J 2016; 109:2037-50. [PMID: 26588563 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2015.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Stretching single ventricular cardiac myocytes has been shown experimentally to activate transmembrane nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase type 2 to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increase the Ca2+ spark rate in a process called X-ROS signaling. The increase in Ca2+ spark rate is thought to be due to an increase in ryanodine receptor type 2 (RyR2) open probability by direct oxidation of the RyR2 protein complex. In this article, a computational model is used to examine the regulation of ROS and calcium homeostasis by local, subcellular X-ROS signaling and its role in cardiac excitation-contraction coupling. To this end, a four-state RyR2 model was developed that includes an X-ROS-dependent RyR2 mode switch. When activated, [Ca2+]i-sensitive RyR2 open probability increases, and the Ca2+ spark rate changes in a manner consistent with experimental observations. This, to our knowledge, new model is used to study the transient effects of diastolic stretching and subsequent ROS production on RyR2 open probability, Ca2+ sparks, and the myoplasmic calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) during excitation-contraction coupling. The model yields several predictions: 1) [ROS] is produced locally near the RyR2 complex during X-ROS signaling and increases by an order of magnitude more than the global ROS signal during myocyte stretching; 2) X-ROS activation just before the action potential, corresponding to ventricular filling during diastole, increases the magnitude of the Ca2+ transient; 3) during prolonged stretching, the X-ROS-induced increase in Ca2+ spark rate is transient, so that long-sustained stretching does not significantly increase sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ leak; and 4) when the chemical reducing capacity of the cell is decreased, activation of X-ROS signaling increases sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ leak and contributes to global oxidative stress, thereby increases the possibility of arrhythmia. The model provides quantitative information not currently obtainable through experimental means and thus provides a framework for future X-ROS signaling experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarita Limbu
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, School of Systems Biology and The Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia
| | - Tuan M Hoang-Trong
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, School of Systems Biology and The Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia
| | - Benjamin L Prosser
- Department of Physiology, Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - W Jonathan Lederer
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology and Department of Physiology University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - M Saleet Jafri
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, School of Systems Biology and The Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia; Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology and Department of Physiology University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
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43
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Antioxidant activities of a peptide derived from chicken dark meat. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2016; 53:2476-81. [PMID: 27407214 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-016-2233-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Antioxidant activities against hypochlorite ions and peroxyl radicals of a chicken dark meat hydrolysate digested with pepsin were examined with the myoglobin method based on the structure change of myoglobin due to redox reaction with reactive oxygen species (ROS). A peptide that showed strong antioxidant activity against the peroxyl radical was isolated from the hydrolysate using HPLC equipped with a hydrophobic-interacting column. The sequence of the first five amino acid residues of the peptide was determined as YASGR (Tyr-Ala-Ser-Gly-Arg), and this sequence matched with the amino acid residues 143-147 of chicken β-actin (GenBank: CAA25004.1). The synthetic peptide YASGR showed very high antioxidant activity against the peroxyl radical. Antioxidant activities of the free amino acids, confirmed that the tyrosine residue of this peptide was possibly responsible for antioxidant activity.
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44
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Yang L, Zhang J, Xing W, Zhang X, Xu J, Zhang H, Chen L, Ning X, Ji G, Li J, Zhao Q, Gao F. SIRT3 Deficiency Induces Endothelial Insulin Resistance and Blunts Endothelial-Dependent Vasorelaxation in Mice and Human with Obesity. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23366. [PMID: 27000941 PMCID: PMC4802313 DOI: 10.1038/srep23366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence implicates the critical role of Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) in the development of many metabolic diseases, but the contribution of SIRT3 to vascular homeostasis remains largely unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of SIRT3 in endothelial insulin resistance and vascular dysfunction in obesity. We found an impaired insulin-induced mesenteric vasorelaxation and concomitant reduced vascular SIRT3 expression in morbid obese human subjects compared with the non-obese subjects. Downregulation of SIRT3 in cultured human endothelial cells increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) and impaired insulin signaling as evidenced by decreased phosphorylation of Akt and endothelial nitric oxide synthase and subsequent reduced nitric oxide (NO) release. In addition, obese mice induced by 24-week high-fat diet (HFD) displayed an impaired endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation to both insulin and acetylcholine, which was further exacerbated by the gene deletion of Sirt3. Scavenging of mtROS not only restored insulin-stimulated NO production in SIRT3 knockdown cells, but also improved insulin-induced vasorelaxation in SIRT3 knockout mice fed with HFD. Taken together, our findings suggest that SIRT3 positively regulates endothelial insulin sensitivity and show that SIRT3 deficiency and resultant increased mtROS contribute to vascular dysfunction in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yang
- Department of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, China.,Department of Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, China.,Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Julei Zhang
- Department of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Wenjuan Xing
- Department of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Department of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- Department of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xiaona Ning
- Department of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Gang Ji
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Qingchuan Zhao
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, China.,Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, China
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Abdelwahid E, Kalvelyte A, Stulpinas A, de Carvalho KAT, Guarita-Souza LC, Foldes G. Stem cell death and survival in heart regeneration and repair. Apoptosis 2016; 21:252-68. [PMID: 26687129 PMCID: PMC5200890 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-015-1203-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are major causes of mortality and morbidity. Cardiomyocyte apoptosis disrupts cardiac function and leads to cardiac decompensation and terminal heart failure. Delineating the regulatory signaling pathways that orchestrate cell survival in the heart has significant therapeutic implications. Cardiac tissue has limited capacity to regenerate and repair. Stem cell therapy is a successful approach for repairing and regenerating ischemic cardiac tissue; however, transplanted cells display very high death percentage, a problem that affects success of tissue regeneration. Stem cells display multipotency or pluripotency and undergo self-renewal, however these events are negatively influenced by upregulation of cell death machinery that induces the significant decrease in survival and differentiation signals upon cardiovascular injury. While efforts to identify cell types and molecular pathways that promote cardiac tissue regeneration have been productive, studies that focus on blocking the extensive cell death after transplantation are limited. The control of cell death includes multiple networks rather than one crucial pathway, which underlies the challenge of identifying the interaction between various cellular and biochemical components. This review is aimed at exploiting the molecular mechanisms by which stem cells resist death signals to develop into mature and healthy cardiac cells. Specifically, we focus on a number of factors that control death and survival of stem cells upon transplantation and ultimately affect cardiac regeneration. We also discuss potential survival enhancing strategies and how they could be meaningful in the design of targeted therapies that improve cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eltyeb Abdelwahid
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University, 303 E. Chicago Ave., Tarry 14-725, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
| | - Audrone Kalvelyte
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Vilnius University Institute of Biochemistry, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Aurimas Stulpinas
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Vilnius University Institute of Biochemistry, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Katherine Athayde Teixeira de Carvalho
- Cell Therapy and Biotechnology in Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Pequeno Príncipe Faculty, Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Institute, Curitiba, Paraná, 80250-200, Brazil
| | - Luiz Cesar Guarita-Souza
- Experimental Laboratory of Institute of Biological and Health Sciences of Pontifical Catholic University of Parana, Curitiba, Paraná, 80215-901, Brazil
| | - Gabor Foldes
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Imperial Centre for Experimental and Translational Medicine, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
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Substance P Receptor Signaling Mediates Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Chemoresistance. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:1959270. [PMID: 26981525 PMCID: PMC4766315 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1959270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX), an anthracycline, is broadly considered the most active single agent available for treating breast cancer but has been known to induce cardiotoxicity. Although DOX is highly effective in treating triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), DOX can have poor outcomes owing to induction of chemoresistance. There is an urgent need to develop new therapies for TNBC aimed at improving DOX outcome and DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. Substance P (SP), a neuropeptide involved in pain transmission is known to stimulate production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Elevated cardiac ROS is linked with heart injury and failure. We investigated the role of SP in chemotherapy-associated death of cardiomyocytes and chemoresistance. We showed that pretreating a cardiomyocyte cell line (H9C2) and a TNBC cell line (MDA-MB 231) with aprepitant, a SP receptor antagonist that is routinely used to treat chemotherapy-associated associated nausea, decreased DOX-induced reduction of cell viability, apoptotic cell death, and ROS production in cardiomyocytes and increased DOX-induced reduction of cell viability, apoptotic cell death, and ROS production in TNBC cells compared with cells treated with DOX alone. Our findings demonstrate the ability of aprepitant to decrease DOX-induced killing of cardiomyocytes and to increase cancer cell sensitivity to DOX, which has tremendous clinical significance.
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47
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Bhattacharya S, Asaithamby A. Ionizing radiation and heart risks. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2016; 58:14-25. [PMID: 26849909 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease and cancer are the two leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. As advancements in radiation therapy (RT) have significantly increased the number of cancer survivors, the risk of radiation-induced cardiovascular disease (RICD) in this group is a growing concern. Recent epidemiological data suggest that accidental or occupational exposure to low dose radiation, in addition to therapeutic ionizing radiation, can result in cardiovascular complications. The progression of radiation-induced cardiotoxicity often takes years to manifest but is also multifaceted, as the heart may be affected by a variety of pathologies. The risk of cardiovascular disease development in RT cancer survivors has been known for 40 years and several risk factors have been identified in the last two decades. However, most of the early work focused on clinical symptoms and manifestations, rather than understanding cellular processes regulating homeostatic processes of the cardiovascular system in response to radiation. Recent studies have suggested that a different approach may be needed to refute the risk of cardiovascular disease following radiation exposure. In this review, we will focus on how different radiation types and doses may induce cardiovascular complications, highlighting clinical manifestations and the mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of radiation-induced cardiotoxicity. We will finally discuss how current and future research on heart development and homeostasis can help reduce the incidence of RICD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souparno Bhattacharya
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, United States
| | - Aroumougame Asaithamby
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, United States.
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48
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Liu CK, Lyass A, Larson MG, Massaro JM, Wang N, D'Agostino RB, Benjamin EJ, Murabito JM. Biomarkers of oxidative stress are associated with frailty: the Framingham Offspring Study. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 38:1. [PMID: 26695510 PMCID: PMC5005887 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-015-9864-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease and frailty frequently occur together. Both are associated with inflammation, which may be partially triggered by oxidative stress, especially in cardiovascular disease. We investigated whether inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers linked to cardiovascular disease were associated with frailty and the related outcome of gait speed. We report cross-sectional associations of biomarkers and frailty assessed at Framingham Offspring Study cycle eight. Participants ≥60 years were eligible if they had information on frailty and at least one of the following: C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor receptor 2, 8-epi-FGFα isoprostanes (isoprostanes), lipoprotein phospholipase A2 (LpPLA2) mass or activity, osteoprotegerin, intracellular adhesion molecule-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 or P-selectin. Stepwise logistic models were utilized for frailty and stepwise linear models for gait speed. Covariates included age, sex, body mass index, smoking, and co-morbidities. Odds ratios (ORs) and slope estimates (B) are reported per standard deviation increase of loge-transformed biomarker. Of the 1919 participants, 142 (7 %) were frail. In a stepwise model, frailty odds increased with higher interleukin-6 (OR 1.90, 95 % CI 1.51, 2.38), isoprostanes (OR 1.46, 95 % CI 1.12, 1.92), and LpPLA2 mass (OR 1.29, 95 % CI 1.00, 1.65). Stepwise regression found that slower gait speeds were associated with interleukin-6 (B = -0.025 m/s, 95 % CI 0.04, -0.01), isoprostanes (B = -0.019, 95 % CI -0.03, -0.008), LpPLA2 mass (B = -0.016, 95 % CI -0.03, -0.004), and osteoprotegerin (B = -0.015, 95 % CI -0.03, -0.002, all p < 0.05). Interleukin-6, isoprostanes, and LpPLA2 mass were associated with greater frailty odds and slower gait speeds. Oxidative stress may be a mechanism contributing to frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine K Liu
- Section of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, 88 E Newton Street, Robinson 2, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Asya Lyass
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, 73 Mount Wayte Ave, Suite 2, Framingham, MA, 01702, USA
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martin G Larson
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, 73 Mount Wayte Ave, Suite 2, Framingham, MA, 01702, USA
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joseph M Massaro
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, 73 Mount Wayte Ave, Suite 2, Framingham, MA, 01702, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ralph B D'Agostino
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, 73 Mount Wayte Ave, Suite 2, Framingham, MA, 01702, USA
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emelia J Benjamin
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, 73 Mount Wayte Ave, Suite 2, Framingham, MA, 01702, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Sections of Cardiovascular and Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joanne M Murabito
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, 73 Mount Wayte Ave, Suite 2, Framingham, MA, 01702, USA.
- Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
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Sbert-Roig M, Bauzá-Thorbrügge M, Galmés-Pascual BM, Capllonch-Amer G, García-Palmer FJ, Lladó I, Proenza AM, Gianotti M. GPER mediates the effects of 17β-estradiol in cardiac mitochondrial biogenesis and function. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 420:116-24. [PMID: 26628039 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Considering the sexual dimorphism described in cardiac mitochondrial function and oxidative stress, we aimed to investigate the role of 17β-estradiol (E2) in these sex differences and the contribution of E2 receptors to these effects. As a model of chronic deprivation of ovarian hormones, we used ovariectomized (OVX) rats, half of which were treated with E2. Ovariectomy decreased markers of cardiac mitochondrial biogenesis and function and also increased oxidative stress, whereas E2 counteracted these effects. In H9c2 cardiomyocytes we observed that G-protein coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) agonist mimicked the effects of E2 in enhancing mitochondrial function and biogenesis, whereas GPER inhibitor neutralized them. These data suggest that E2 enhances mitochondrial function and decreases oxidative stress in cardiac muscle, thus it could be responsible for the sexual dimorphism observed in mitochondrial biogenesis and function in this tissue. These effects seem to be mediated through GPER stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miquel Sbert-Roig
- Grup Metabolisme Energètic i Nutrició, Departament de Biologia Fonamental i Ciències de la Salut, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS), Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra. Valldemossa, km 7, 5. E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Palma (IdISPa), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, edificio S. E-07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Marco Bauzá-Thorbrügge
- Grup Metabolisme Energètic i Nutrició, Departament de Biologia Fonamental i Ciències de la Salut, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS), Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra. Valldemossa, km 7, 5. E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Palma (IdISPa), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, edificio S. E-07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Bel M Galmés-Pascual
- Grup Metabolisme Energètic i Nutrició, Departament de Biologia Fonamental i Ciències de la Salut, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS), Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra. Valldemossa, km 7, 5. E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Palma (IdISPa), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, edificio S. E-07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Gabriela Capllonch-Amer
- Grup Metabolisme Energètic i Nutrició, Departament de Biologia Fonamental i Ciències de la Salut, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS), Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra. Valldemossa, km 7, 5. E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Palma (IdISPa), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, edificio S. E-07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Francisco J García-Palmer
- Grup Metabolisme Energètic i Nutrició, Departament de Biologia Fonamental i Ciències de la Salut, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS), Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra. Valldemossa, km 7, 5. E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Palma (IdISPa), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, edificio S. E-07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn, CB06/03/0043), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Lladó
- Grup Metabolisme Energètic i Nutrició, Departament de Biologia Fonamental i Ciències de la Salut, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS), Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra. Valldemossa, km 7, 5. E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Palma (IdISPa), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, edificio S. E-07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn, CB06/03/0043), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana M Proenza
- Grup Metabolisme Energètic i Nutrició, Departament de Biologia Fonamental i Ciències de la Salut, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS), Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra. Valldemossa, km 7, 5. E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Palma (IdISPa), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, edificio S. E-07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn, CB06/03/0043), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Magdalena Gianotti
- Grup Metabolisme Energètic i Nutrició, Departament de Biologia Fonamental i Ciències de la Salut, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS), Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra. Valldemossa, km 7, 5. E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Palma (IdISPa), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, edificio S. E-07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn, CB06/03/0043), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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Parolari A, Poggio P, Myasoedova V, Songia P, Pilozzi A, Alamanni F, Tremoli E. Molecular pathways activation in coronary artery bypass surgery. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2016; 17:54-61. [DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0000000000000293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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