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Skowrońska M, Pawłowski M, Milewski R. Evaluating the Reliability of Health Portals' Nutrition and Supplementation Advice for Pregnant Women: A Comprehensive Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:1739. [PMID: 38892672 PMCID: PMC11175121 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
This article evaluates the reliability and consistency of nutrition- and supplementation-related advice for pregnant women provided by ten selected health-related Internet portals. The portals were chosen based on their perceived reliability and prominence in Google searches, with representation from both English and Polish language sources. The evaluation criteria included the adherence of the presented information to official recommendations and its evidence-based character based on specific items representing dietary aspects important in pregnancy. While the overall reliability was deemed acceptable, significant variations existed both among the portals and specific evaluated items. Notably, HealthLine, Medline Plus, and NCEZ emerged as the most evidence-based, while WebMD and Medycyna Praktyczna were identified as less reliable. Despite a number of issues, the analysed portals remain valuable sources of nutritional information for pregnant women, offering user-friendly accessibility superior to alternatives such as social media on the one hand and scientific articles on the other. Improved consistency and attention to detail, especially in relation to vitamin intake and supplementation, would improve the overall quality of health portals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michał Pawłowski
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Medical University of Białystok, 15-295 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Robert Milewski
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Medical University of Białystok, 15-295 Białystok, Poland;
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Chen X, Fu L, Zhu Z, Wang Y. Exploring the link: magnesium intake and hepatic steatosis in Americans. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1367174. [PMID: 38846544 PMCID: PMC11153825 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1367174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The connection between magnesium and hepatic steatosis has not been well-studied. This study aimed to explore the link between magnesium intake and hepatic steatosis, utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017-2020. Materials and methods The analysis included 5,935 participants, excluding individuals with hepatitis infection or substantial alcohol consumption. Magnesium intake assessment was based on 24-h dietary recalls. Hepatic steatosis evaluation employed the controlled attenuation parameter (CAP), measured via transient elastography. Multivariate regression and subgroup analyses were conducted to scrutinize the relationship between magnesium intake and CAP values. Results A higher magnesium intake was associated with lower CAP values, after adjusting for potential confounders. Subgroup analyses indicated an inverted U-shaped correlation between magnesium intake and CAP in women, White people, and non-hypertensive individuals, with respective inflection points at 126, 124.5, and 125 mg/day, respectively. Below these thresholds, a higher magnesium intake correlated with increased CAP values, while above these points, it was associated with decreased CAP. Conclusion This extensive population-based study indicates an inverse relationship between magnesium intake and hepatic steatosis in Americans. This relationship displays an inverted U-curve, varying before and after specified inflection points in women, White people, and non-hypertensive individuals. These findings offer insights into tailored magnesium supplementation strategies for preventing and treating liver steatosis, based on gender and ethnicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Chen
- Clinical Research Center, Xiaoshan Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liying Fu
- Voluntary Blood Donation Service Center of Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhongxin Zhu
- Clinical Research Center, Xiaoshan Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yunchao Wang
- Department of General Practice, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Zacharis K, Alexakis C, Tsapadikou VK, Anagnostaki I, Charitos T. First Diagnosis of Gitelman Syndrome During Pregnancy in an Adolescent Female: A Case Report. Cureus 2024; 16:e59644. [PMID: 38832152 PMCID: PMC11146675 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.59644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Gitelman syndrome (GS) is an inherited somatic recessive disorder characterized by hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis, accompanied by hypocalciuria and hypermagnesuria. It usually presents in late childhood or young adults with muscle weakness, tetany, or convulsions. Limited information is available in the literature regarding the proper management of this syndrome during pregnancy, as well as its effects on both the mother and the child. We herein present the case of a 16-year-old primigravida who was admitted to the emergency department with chief complaints of abdominal pain, weakness, and vomiting for the past three days during the 12th week of gestation. Routine blood investigations revealed hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia, and electrocardiography (ECG) showed ST-segment depressions. Further evaluation was performed due to persistent hypokalemia, and metabolic alkalosis, hypocalciuria, and hyperaldosteronism were found. Hence, a clinical diagnosis of GS took place. The pregnancy progressed smoothly without complications; potassium levels remained consistently below normal, requiring supplementation three times during pregnancy. Pregnant women with GS should be reported due to the rarity of cases, aiming to establish a standardized approach for monitoring and management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chalent Alexakis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, General Hospital of Lamia, Lamia, GRC
| | | | - Ismini Anagnostaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, General Hospital of Lamia, Lamia, GRC
| | - Theodoros Charitos
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, General Hospital of Lamia, Lamia, GRC
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Suliburska J, Cholik R, Kocyłowski R, Bakinowska E. Relationship between prepregnancy BMI and the concentrations of iron, calcium, and magnesium in serum and hair during the first trimester of pregnancy in women. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 83:127388. [PMID: 38262193 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In women of childbearing age, a low dietary supply of iron, calcium, and magnesium is often observed. Minerals deficiency in pregnant women is often associated with abnormal body weight and may impact fetal development disorders. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and the dietary intake of iron, calcium and magnesium and their concentrations in serum and hair in pregnant women. METHOD The study involved 97 Caucasian/white low-risk pregnant women at 12 weeks of gestation. The analysis of minerals in serum and hair samples was performed using atomic absorption spectrometry. Pre-pregnancy BMI was calculated based on self-reported weight. The study used a validated questionnaire and a 24-h recall nutrition interview, which were analyzed using Aliant software. RESULTS It was found that overweight and obese women exhibited higher magnesium concentration in serum, while iron content in serum and hair was markedly lower compared to women with normal body weight. The average total supply of iron was below the recommendation in pregnant women. Moreover, an inverse significant relationship was observed between BMI and iron concentration in hair and serum in the whole population. CONCLUSION In conclusion, being overweight or obese before pregnancy is associated with low dietary iron intake and low iron concentration in serum and hair during the first trimester of pregnancy in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Suliburska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznan University of Life Science, ul. Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Rafsan Cholik
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznan University of Life Science, ul. Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznan, Poland
| | - Rafał Kocyłowski
- PreMediCAre NewMed Medical Centre, ul. Drużbickiego 13, 61-693 Poznań, Poland
| | - Ewa Bakinowska
- Institute of Mathematics, Poznan University of Technology, ul. Piotrowo 3A, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
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Kapper C, Oppelt P, Ganhör C, Gyunesh AA, Arbeithuber B, Stelzl P, Rezk-Füreder M. Minerals and the Menstrual Cycle: Impacts on Ovulation and Endometrial Health. Nutrients 2024; 16:1008. [PMID: 38613041 PMCID: PMC11013220 DOI: 10.3390/nu16071008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of minerals in female fertility, particularly in relation to the menstrual cycle, presents a complex area of study that underscores the interplay between nutrition and reproductive health. This narrative review aims to elucidate the impacts of minerals on key aspects of the reproductive system: hormonal regulation, ovarian function and ovulation, endometrial health, and oxidative stress. Despite the attention given to specific micronutrients in relation to reproductive disorders, there is a noticeable absence of a comprehensive review focusing on the impact of minerals throughout the menstrual cycle on female fertility. This narrative review aims to address this gap by examining the influence of minerals on reproductive health. Each mineral's contribution is explored in detail to provide a clearer picture of its importance in supporting female fertility. This comprehensive analysis not only enhances our knowledge of reproductive health but also offers clinicians valuable insights into potential therapeutic strategies and the recommended intake of minerals to promote female reproductive well-being, considering the menstrual cycle. This review stands as the first to offer such a detailed examination of minerals in the context of the menstrual cycle, aiming to elevate the understanding of their critical role in female fertility and reproductive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine Kapper
- Experimental Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Gynaecological Endocrinology, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria; (C.K.); (P.O.); (B.A.)
| | - Peter Oppelt
- Experimental Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Gynaecological Endocrinology, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria; (C.K.); (P.O.); (B.A.)
- Department for Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Gynaecological Endocrinology, Kepler University Hospital, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Clara Ganhör
- Division of Pathophysiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4020 Linz, Austria
- Clinical Research Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Ayberk Alp Gyunesh
- Experimental Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Gynaecological Endocrinology, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria; (C.K.); (P.O.); (B.A.)
| | - Barbara Arbeithuber
- Experimental Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Gynaecological Endocrinology, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria; (C.K.); (P.O.); (B.A.)
| | - Patrick Stelzl
- Department for Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Gynaecological Endocrinology, Kepler University Hospital, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Marlene Rezk-Füreder
- Experimental Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Gynaecological Endocrinology, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria; (C.K.); (P.O.); (B.A.)
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Pergialiotis V, Sapantzoglou I, Rodolaki K, Varthaliti A, Theodora M, Antsaklis P, Thomakos N, Stavros S, Daskalakis G, Papapanagiotou A. Maternal and neonatal outcomes following magnesium sulfate in the setting of chorioamnionitis: a meta-analysis. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2024; 309:917-927. [PMID: 37768342 PMCID: PMC10866770 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-023-07221-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) has been widely used in obstetrics as a mean to help decrease maternal and neonatal morbidity in various antenatal pathology. As a factor, it seems to regulate immunity and can, thus, predispose to infectious morbidity. To date, it remains unknown if its administration can increase the risk of chorioamnionitis. In the present meta-analysis, we sought to accumulate the available evidence. METHODS We systematically searched Medline, Scopus, Clinicaltrials.gov, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials CENTRAL, and Google Scholar databases in our primary search along with the reference lists of electronically retrieved full-text papers. RESULTS Eight studies were included that investigated the incidence of chorioamnionitis among parturient that received MgSO4 and control patients. Magnesium sulfate was administered in 3229 women and 3330 women served as controls as they did not receive MgSO4. The meta-analysis of data revealed that there was no association between the administration of magnesium sulfate and the incidence of chorioamnionitis (OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.73, 1.32). Rucker's analysis revealed that small studies did not significantly influence the statistical significance of this finding (OR 1.12, 95% CI 0.82, 1.53). Trial sequential analysis revealed that the required number to safely interpret the primary outcome was not reached. Two studies evaluated the impact of MgSO4 in neonates delivered in the setting of chorioamnionitis. Neither of these indicated the presence of a beneficial effect in neonatal morbidity, including the risk of cerebral palsy, intraventricular hemorrhage, necrotizing enterocolitis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, sepsis, stillbirth, or neonatal death. CONCLUSION Current evidence indicates that magnesium sulfate is not associated with an increased risk of maternal chorioamnionitis. However, it should be noted that its effect on neonatal outcomes of offspring born in the setting of chorioamnionitis might be subtle if any, although the available evidence is very limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasilios Pergialiotis
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Alexandra" General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioakim Sapantzoglou
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Alexandra" General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Kalliopi Rodolaki
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Alexandra" General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonia Varthaliti
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Alexandra" General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Marianna Theodora
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Alexandra" General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Antsaklis
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Alexandra" General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Thomakos
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Alexandra" General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Sofoklis Stavros
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Daskalakis
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Alexandra" General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Aggeliki Papapanagiotou
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Attikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 2, Lourou Str., 11523, Athens, Greece.
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Bozack AK, Rifas-Shiman SL, Baccarelli AA, Wright RO, Gold DR, Oken E, Hivert MF, Cardenas A. Associations of prenatal one-carbon metabolism nutrients and metals with epigenetic aging biomarkers at birth and in childhood in a US cohort. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:3107-3136. [PMID: 38412256 PMCID: PMC10929819 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Epigenetic gestational age acceleration (EGAA) at birth and epigenetic age acceleration (EAA) in childhood may be biomarkers of the intrauterine environment. We investigated the extent to which first-trimester folate, B12, 5 essential, and 7 non-essential metals in maternal circulation are associated with EGAA and EAA in early life. Bohlin EGAA and Horvath pan-tissue and skin and blood EAA were calculated using DNA methylation measured in cord blood (N=351) and mid-childhood blood (N=326; median age = 7.7 years) in the Project Viva pre-birth cohort. A one standard deviation increase in individual essential metals (copper, manganese, and zinc) was associated with 0.94-1.2 weeks lower Horvath EAA at birth, and patterns of exposures identified by exploratory factor analysis suggested that a common source of essential metals was associated with Horvath EAA. We also observed evidence nonlinear associations of zinc with Bohlin EGAA, magnesium and lead with Horvath EAA, and cesium with skin and blood EAA at birth. Overall, associations at birth did not persist in mid-childhood; however, arsenic was associated with greater EAA at birth and in childhood. Prenatal metals, including essential metals and arsenic, are associated with epigenetic aging in early life, which might be associated with future health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne K. Bozack
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Sheryl L. Rifas-Shiman
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Andrea A. Baccarelli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York City, NY 10032, USA
| | - Robert O. Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY 10029, USA
| | - Diane R. Gold
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Emily Oken
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Marie-France Hivert
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Andres Cardenas
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health and Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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Shan D, Chen Q, Xie Y, Dai S, Hu Y. Current understanding of essential trace elements in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. Biometals 2024:10.1007/s10534-024-00586-1. [PMID: 38367126 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-024-00586-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Trace elements are important components in the body and have fundamental roles in maintaining a healthy and balanced pregnancy process. Either deficiency or excess of trace elements, including selenium, iron, zinc, copper, and magnesium can lead to pregnancy complications. As a rare disorder during pregnancy of unknown aetiology, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) poses a significant risk to the fetus of perinatal mortality. ICP is a multifactorial complication of which the pathogenesis is still an enigma. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated the association of ICP with some trace elements. Evidence from retrospective studies in humans further revealed the possible contributing roles of trace elements in the pathogenesis of ICP. The published literature on the association of trace elements with ICP was reviewed. Recent advances in molecular biological techniques from animal studies have helped to elucidate the possible mechanisms by how these trace elements function in regulating oxidative reactions, inflammatory reactions and immune balance in the maternal-fetal interface, as well as the influence on hepato-intestinal circulation of bile acid. The scenario regarding the role of trace elements in the pathogenesis of ICP is still developing. The administration or depletion of these trace elements may have promising effects in alleviating the symptoms and improving the pregnancy outcomes of ICP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Shan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 20, South Renmin Road, Section 3, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 20, South Renmin Road, Section 3, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yupei Xie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 20, South Renmin Road, Section 3, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Siyu Dai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 20, South Renmin Road, Section 3, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yayi Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 20, South Renmin Road, Section 3, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Porcaro G, Laganà AS, Neri I, Aragona C. The Association of High-Molecular-Weight Hyaluronic Acid (HMWHA), Alpha Lipoic Acid (ALA), Magnesium, Vitamin B6, and Vitamin D Improves Subchorionic Hematoma Resorption in Women with Threatened Miscarriage: A Pilot Clinical Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:706. [PMID: 38337402 PMCID: PMC10856308 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13030706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background-We evaluated whether the oral intake of high-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid (HMWHA) in association with alpha lipoic acid (ALA), magnesium, vitamin B6, and vitamin D can improve the resorption of subchorionic hematoma in cases of threatened miscarriage. Methods-In this study, we enrolled 56 pregnant women with threatened miscarriage (i.e., subchorionic hematomas, pelvic pain/uterine contractions, and/or vaginal bleeding) between the 6th and the 13th week of gestation. They were treated with vaginal progesterone (200 mg/twice a day) (control group; n = 25) or vaginal progesterone plus oral 200 mg HMWHA, 100 mg ALA, 450 mg magnesium, 2.6 mg vitamin B6, and 50 mcg vitamin D (treatment group; n = 31; DAV®-HA, LoLi Pharma srl, Rome, Italy). An ultrasound scan was performed at the first visit (T0) and after 7 days (T1) and 14 days (T2) until hematoma resorption. Results-At the ultrasound scan, the treatment group showed faster resorption of the subchorionic hematoma compared with the control group, both at T1 (control group 140 (112-180), treated group 84 (40-112), p < 0.0031), and T2 (control group: 72 (48-112), treated group: 0 (0-0), p < 0.0001). Moreover, subjective symptoms, such as vaginal bleeding, abdominal pain, and uterine contractions, showed a faster decrease in the treatment group than in the control group. Conclusions-The association may more rapidly improve the resolution of threatened miscarriage and related symptoms compared to the standard local protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio Simone Laganà
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Paolo Giaccone” Hospital, Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine, and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Isabella Neri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
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10
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Tesfa E, Munshea A, Nibret E, Gizaw ST. Association of maternal serum magnesium with pre-eclampsia in African pregnant women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Health 2024; 16:14-22. [PMID: 37026449 PMCID: PMC10759299 DOI: 10.1093/inthealth/ihad026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-related disorder characterized by hypertension and proteinuria occurring after 20 weeks of gestation. Several studies have been performed to determine the serum magnesium (Mg) level in PE, but most report inconclusive results. Consequently, this study was designed to resolve this controversy among African women. PubMed, Hinari, Google Scholar and African Journals Online electronic databases were searched for studies published in English. The qualities of included articles were appraised using the Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment tool. Stata 14 software was utilized for analysis and serum Mg levels in cases and normotensive controls were compared through mean and standardized mean difference (SMD) at the 95% confidence interval (CI). In this review, we found that the mean serum Mg level was significantly reduced in cases (0.910±0.762 mmol/L) vs controls (1.167±1.060 mmol/L). The pooled SMD of serum Mg was significantly lower in cases (-1.20 [95% CI -1.64 to -0.75]). Therefore, since serum Mg is reduced in cases vs controls, we propose that Mg is involved in the pathophysiology of PE. Nevertheless, to know the exact mechanisms of Mg in PE development will require large-scale prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Endalamaw Tesfa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
- Health Biotechnology Division, Institute of Biotechnology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Abaineh Munshea
- Health Biotechnology Division, Institute of Biotechnology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Endalkachew Nibret
- Health Biotechnology Division, Institute of Biotechnology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Solomon Tebeje Gizaw
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Science, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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11
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Faa G, Fanos V, Manchia M, Van Eyken P, Suri JS, Saba L. The fascinating theory of fetal programming of adult diseases: A review of the fundamentals of the Barker hypothesis. J Public Health Res 2024; 13:22799036241226817. [PMID: 38434579 PMCID: PMC10908242 DOI: 10.1177/22799036241226817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The theory of fetal programming of adult diseases was first proposed by David J.P. Barker in the eighties of the previous century, to explain the higher susceptibility of some people toward the development of ischemic heart disease. According to his hypothesis, poor maternal living conditions during gestation represent an important risk factor for the onset of atherosclerotic heart disease later in life. The analysis of the early phases of fetal development is a fundamental tool for the risk stratification of children and adults, allowing the identification of susceptible or resistant subjects to multiple diseases later in life. Here, we provide a narrative summary of the most relevant evidence supporting the Barker hypothesis in multiple fields of medicine, including neuropsychiatric disorders, such as Parkinson disease and Alzheimer disease, kidney failure, atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, stroke, diabetes, cancer onset and progression, metabolic syndrome, and infectious diseases including COVID-19. Given the consensus on the role of body weight at birth as a practical indicator of the fetal nutritional status during gestation, every subject with a low birth weight should be considered an "at risk" subject for the development of multiple diseases later in life. The hypothesis of the "physiological regenerative medicine," able to improve fetal organs' development in the perinatal period is discussed, in the light of recent experimental data indicating Thymosin Beta-4 as a powerful growth promoter when administered to pregnant mothers before birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavino Faa
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Vassilios Fanos
- Unit of Neonatology and NICU Center, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Mirko Manchia
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Peter Van Eyken
- Department of Pathology, UZ Genk Regional Hospital, Genk, Belgium
| | - Jasjit S. Suri
- Stroke Diagnostic and Monitoring Division, Atheropoint, Roseville, CA, USA
| | - Luca Saba
- Unit of Radiology, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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12
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Awan AY, Channa NA, Solangi SP, Noorani L. Consumption of chewing tobacco alters the serum metal contents in pregnant women at Tandojam and adjoining areas. Biometals 2023:10.1007/s10534-023-00571-0. [PMID: 38127179 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-023-00571-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Chewing tobacco may play a contributing role in complications during pregnancy as it contains various kinds of toxic metals such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), and can cause alteration in serum metal concentration. Hence, the present study aimed to explore the effects of chewing tobacco consumption on serum metal contents in pregnant women. A total number of 200 chewing tobacco consumer pregnant women and 200 age-matched non-consumer pregnant women were selected for the study from the outpatient department of gynaecology at Rural Health Centre Tandojam, Pakistan. After obtaining the sociodemographic characteristics of all participants, 10 ml of venous blood was also drawn for serum metal analysis by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Different chewing tobacco samples consumed by consumer pregnant women were collected from local shops of Tandojam, Pakistan. Drinking water samples from the residential areas of consumer and non-consumer pregnant women were prepared and analysed for the same metal contents. In present study, serum Pb, Cd, K and Co were found significantly increased in CPW as compared to NCPW. Serum Pb was found significantly increased in gutkha consumers in comparison to mainpuri consumers. Serum Pb, Cd, and Co were present with significantly increased concentration in serum of CPW who were taking canal and well water for drinking purpose when compared with NCPW. Significant negative strong correlation of serum Pb with K and Cr of drinking water and Na of chewing tobacco samples were observed. Strong positive correlation of serum Cd and Cr with Co of drinking water had been observed. Whereas, serum maternal Co was strongly negatively correlated with Mn of chewing tobacco samples, and serum Cu of CPW had a strong positive correlation with K and Cr of drinking water and Na of chewing tobacco samples. In conclusion, consumption of chewing tobacco alters the serum metal contents in pregnant women at Tandojam and adjoining areas, Pakistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amna Yasin Awan
- Institue of Biochemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan
| | | | - Shazia Perveen Solangi
- Institue of Biochemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan
- Department of Biochemistry, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur, Pakistan
| | - Lubna Noorani
- Department of Science and Technical Education, Faculty of Education, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan
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13
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Amini N, Mousavi S, Vard B, Daniali SS, Kelishadi R. The Assessment of Neonatal Anthropometric Indices Association with Umbilical Cord Blood Zinc and Magnesium Levels. Adv Biomed Res 2023; 12:253. [PMID: 38192895 PMCID: PMC10772790 DOI: 10.4103/abr.abr_90_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The present research aims to find the association between neonatal anthropometric parameters and zinc and magnesium concentration in cord blood. Materials and Methods The current cross-sectional report is a sub-study from the "PERSIAN Birth Cohort Study" conducted on 112 pairs of mother-neonate referring to the index hospitals for giving birth to their children during 2018-19. Umbilical cord blood was collected at delivery for the measurement of zinc and magnesium. Anthropometric indices were measured in standard protocols. Validated questionnaires were used for maternal diet in different trimesters. Dietary patterns were acquired based on exploratory factor analysis. Results The birth weight was reversely correlated with zinc concentration (r = -0.249, P-value = 0.008); however, the other anthropometric parameters did not show any association with zinc levels (P-value > 0.05). Similar evaluations for magnesium revealed no association between any of the anthropometric indices and this micronutrient agent (P-value > 0.05). Further evaluations represented insignificant differences in both zinc (P-value = 0.51) and magnesium levels (P-value = 0.49) between those with normal versus low birth weight. There was a negative association between the Western dietary pattern in the first trimester of pregnancy and cord blood zinc concentration (β (SE) = -0.21 (0.10); P = 0.026); while healthy and traditional dietary patterns in second and third trimesters were positively related to cord zinc concentration (all P < 0.05). Conclusion This research did not document a positive statistical association of cord blood zinc and magnesium with birth weight. The association of maternal Western dietary patterns with lower cord blood zinc levels highlights the importance of healthy nutritional habits in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar Amini
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute of Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shima Mousavi
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Bahareh Vard
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute of Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Seyede Shahrbanoo Daniali
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute of Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Roya Kelishadi
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute of Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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14
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Wu Z, Yang Y, Wang B, Gebeyew K, Tang S, Han X, He Z, Tan Z. Blood Metabolites and Faecal Microbial Communities in Nonpregnant and Early Gestation Ewes in Highly Cold Areas. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1436. [PMID: 37998035 PMCID: PMC10669436 DOI: 10.3390/biology12111436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Ewes undergo complex metabolic changes during pregnancy. Understanding the specific process of these changes is a necessary prerequisite in ewes for regulating and intervening in order to maintain pregnancies. However, there have been relatively few studies on the specific changes that occur in nutritional metabolism in pregnant ewes during early gestation, especially for some landrace ewes in highly cold areas. Therefore, this study aimed to (1) elucidate the changes in metabolites and microbial communities in pregnant ewes during early gestation using metabolomics and 16S ribosomal RNA gene (rDNA) amplicon sequencing approaches, and to (2) discover novel early pregnancy-induced biomarkers in the blood and faeces. Rams were placed together with ewes on D0 and removed on D45. During early gestation, blood and faecal samples were collected from ewes in a highly cold area for analysing the metabolites and microbial communities; these were retrospectively classified as the early gestation pregnant (EP) ewe group or the nonpregnant (NP) ewe group based on the lambing status recorded during the expected delivery period. The differences in the plasma biochemical parameters, plasma metabolites, and faecal microbial communities of pregnant and nonpregnant ewes were characterised. The GC, IL-6, O-acetyl-l-serine, L-glutamine, and 6-acetamido-2-oxohexanoic acid were screened out as potential biomarkers for evaluating the occurrence of early pregnancy. These novel early pregnancy-induced metabolites discovered in ewes might allow for the development of technologies to detect early pregnancies in sheep in highly cold areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwu Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (Z.W.); (K.G.); (S.T.); (Z.T.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Yanyan Yang
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China; (Y.Y.); (B.W.)
| | - Biao Wang
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China; (Y.Y.); (B.W.)
| | - Kefyalew Gebeyew
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (Z.W.); (K.G.); (S.T.); (Z.T.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Shaoxun Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (Z.W.); (K.G.); (S.T.); (Z.T.)
| | - Xuefeng Han
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (Z.W.); (K.G.); (S.T.); (Z.T.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Zhixiong He
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (Z.W.); (K.G.); (S.T.); (Z.T.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Zhiliang Tan
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (Z.W.); (K.G.); (S.T.); (Z.T.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
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15
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Mao S, Wu L, Shi W. Changing trend of neonatal Ca/P/Mg status in a Chinese population. Transl Pediatr 2023; 12:1659-1667. [PMID: 37814713 PMCID: PMC10560350 DOI: 10.21037/tp-23-129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and magnesium (Mg) are essential elements for keeping the body homeostasis. We aimed to investigate the changing trend of serum levels of Ca/P/Mg in neonates. Methods We enrolled 82 premature newborns, 173 neonatal sepsis, 50 neonatal hypoglycemia, 254 neonatal jaundice, 43 neonatal haemolytic disease, and 59 healthy controls in our retrospective study. Serum levels of Ca/P/Mg were collected and expressed in quarters. We analysed the association between neonatal disorders and Ca/P/Mg levels (fourth quarter vs. first quarter) using binary logistic regression analysis. Smooth curve analysis was performed to analyze the non-linear association between birthweight/procalcitonin (PCT) and Ca/P levels. Threshold effect analysis was also performed to yield the turning point of birthweight/PCT in their associations with Ca/P levels. Results Binary logistic regression analyses showed that neonatal haemolytic disease, hypoglycemia, sepsis, jaundice, and prematurity were all significantly associated with the fourth quarter of Ca level (P<10-4; P<10-4; P<10-4; P=0.001; and P<10-4, respectively). Neonatal hypoglycemia and prematurity were significantly associated with the fourth quarter of P level (P=0.004; and P=0.003, respectively). Neonatal haemolytic disease, hypoglycemia, sepsis, jaundice and prematurity were not associated with Mg level. Birthweight was significantly associated with Ca level before and after the turning point of 3,220 grams. PCT was significantly associated with Ca level before and after the turning point of 16.8 µg/L. Birthweight was significantly associated with P level before the turning point of 2,990 gram. PCT was significantly associated with P level before the turning points of 3.5 and 34.21 µg/L. Conclusions Neonatal disorders demonstrated a decreasing trend of serum Ca/P level. A significantly non-linear association was observed between birthweight/PCT and serum Ca/P levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Mao
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liangxia Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjing Shi
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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16
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Parente E, Colannino G, Bilotta G, Espinola MSB, Proietti S, Oliva MM, Neri I, Aragona C, Unfer V. Effect of Oral High Molecular Weight Hyaluronic Acid (HMWHA), Alpha Lipoic Acid (ALA), Magnesium, Vitamin B6 and Vitamin D Supplementation in Pregnant Women: A Retrospective Observational Pilot Study. Clin Pract 2023; 13:1123-1129. [PMID: 37736936 PMCID: PMC10514820 DOI: 10.3390/clinpract13050100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background-Pregnancy represents a nutritional challenge, since macro- and micronutrients intake can affect mother' health and influence negative outcomes. The aim of this retrospective pilot study is to evidence whether the oral supplementation with high molecular weight hyaluronic acid (HMWHA), in association with alpha lipoic acid (ALA), magnesium, vitamin B6 and vitamin D, in pregnant women, could reduce adverse effects, such as PTB, pelvic pain, contraction and hospitalization. Methods-Data were collected from n = 200 women treated daily with oral supplements of 200 mg HMWHA, 100 mg ALA, 450 mg magnesium, 2.6 mg vitamin B6 and 50 mcg vitamin D (treatment group) and from n = 50 women taking with oral supplements of 400 mg magnesium (control group). In both groups, supplementation started from the 7th gestational week until delivery. Results-Oral treatment with HMWHA, in association with ALA, magnesium, vitamin B6 and vitamin D in pregnant women, significantly reduced adverse events, such as PTB (p < 0.01), pelvic pain and contractions (p < 0.0001), miscarriages (p < 0.05) and admission to ER/hospitalization (p < 0.0001) compared with the control group. Conclusions-Despite HMWHA having been poorly used as a food supplement in pregnant women, our results open a reassuring scenario regarding its oral administration during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Isabella Neri
- Obstetrics Unit, Mother Infant Department, University Hospital Policlinico of Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy
| | | | - Vittorio Unfer
- UniCamillus-Saint Camillus International University of Health and Medical Sciences, 00131 Rome, Italy
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17
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Wei Z, Xu L, Bai R, Cui L, Han H, Han Y, Sun W, Li Y, Jiang X, Li X, Pi Y. Dietary Supplementation with Different Types of Potassium and Magnesium during Late Gestation and Lactation Modulates the Reproductive Performance, Antioxidant Capacity, and Immune Function of Sows. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2183. [PMID: 37443982 DOI: 10.3390/ani13132183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with different types of potassium and magnesium on the reproductive performance, antioxidant capacity, and immunity of sows. Forty-five Landrace × Yorkshire sows at the late gestation stage (85 d) were randomly assigned to three groups (n = 15). Sows in the control group (CON), potassium chloride and magnesium sulfate group (PM), and potassium-magnesium sulfate group (PMS) were fed with a basal diet, a basal diet supplemented with magnesium sulfate (0.20%) and potassium chloride (0.15%), or a basal diet supplemented with potassium-magnesium sulfate (0.45%), respectively. The results showed that dietary supplementation with PMS did not yield significant effects on the reproductive performance compared with the CON group (p > 0.05). However, it significantly elevated the level of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in plasma and immunoglobulin A (IgA) in colostrum (p < 0.05). Furthermore, PMS significantly augmented the activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) while reducing the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in comparison to the CON group (p < 0.05). Compared with the PM group, the PMS group significantly reduced the incidence rate of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) (p < 0.05) and significantly decreased the concentration of the proinflammatory cytokine (TNF-α) level in plasma (p < 0.05). These results indicated that dietary supplementation with PMS during late gestation could enhance sows' antioxidant capacity and the IgA level in colostrum. These findings will provide a theoretical reference for the use of magnesium and potassium in sow production to improve sows' health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixi Wei
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Lei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Rong Bai
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- Department of Business Economics, Wageningen University, 6700 EW Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Limin Cui
- Qinghai Yuhong Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Haibei 810200, China
| | - Huigang Han
- Shandong Provincial Feed Veterinary Medicine Quality Inspection Center, Shandong Provincial Bureau of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Yulong Han
- Haidu College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 265200, China
| | - Wenjuan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yanpin Li
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xianren Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xilong Li
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yu Pi
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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18
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Deeksha HS, Pajai S, Cherukuri S. Study Based on the Alliance Between Serum Magnesium Levels and Preterm Labor: An Inclusive Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e42602. [PMID: 37641740 PMCID: PMC10460502 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Preterm labor, regarded as the onset of labor before 37 weeks of gestation, is a highly prevalent issue in obstetrics with repercussions for neonatal health. This review article presents an in-depth analysis of the alliance between serum magnesium levels and preterm labor. The review explores the physiological roles of magnesium right through pregnancy, including its significance for energy metabolism, smooth muscle contraction, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), and protein synthesis. It addresses cellular transport and the homeostasis of magnesium. The pathophysiological processes encompassing inflammation, oxidative stress, calcium regulation, smooth muscle contractility, and neuroendocrine pathways are investigated. The review evaluates epidemiological studies investigating the alliance between serum magnesium levels and preterm labor. The review incorporates an assortment of study varieties, such as observational studies, case-control studies, prospective cohort studies, and meta-analyses. In the course of reviewing the prognostic relevance of serum magnesium levels in premature labor, therapeutic implications involving diagnostic precision, prognostic significance, and therapeutic response assessment have additionally been addressed. Therapeutic interventions targeting magnesium levels, such as magnesium supplementation, tocolytic therapy, and the role of magnesium in antenatal corticosteroid administration, are explored. This review provides an in-depth evaluation of the correlation between serum magnesium levels and preterm labor, stressing its therapeutic significance and repercussions for future research and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Deeksha
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Sandhya Pajai
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Srinidhi Cherukuri
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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19
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Luca AM, Bernad E, Nemescu D, Vaduva C, Harabor A, Adam AM, Harabor V, Nechita A, Strobescu C, Mogos R, Carauleanu A, Vasilache IA, Socolov D. Unraveling the Efficacy of Therapeutic Interventions for Short Cervix: Insights from a Retrospective Study for Improved Clinical Management. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1018. [PMID: 37374221 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59061018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Preterm birth (PTB) is associated with important neonatal mortality and morbidity. The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the average treatment effects on the treated and the efficacity of various therapeutic interventions for PTB in a cohort of patients with singleton pregnancies and short cervical lengths. Materials and Methods: This observational retrospective study included 1146 singleton pregnancies at risk of PTB that were segregated into the following groups: intravaginal progesterone (group 1), Arabin pessary (group 2), McDonald cerclage (group 3), intravaginal progesterone and Arabin pessary (group 4), and intravaginal progesterone and cerclage (group 5). Their treatment effects were evaluated and compared. Results: All evaluated therapeutic interventions significantly reduced the occurrence of late and early preterm births. The risk of late and early PTB was lowered for those pregnant patients who received progesterone and pessaries or progesterone and cerclage in comparison with those who received only progesterone. The extremely PTB risk of occurrence was significantly lowered only by the administration of progesterone in association with cervical cerclage in comparison with progesterone monotherapy. Conclusions: The combined therapeutic interventions had the highest efficacy in preventing preterm birth. An individualized evaluation is needed to establish the best therapeutic approach in particular cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina-Madalina Luca
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Elena Bernad
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Dragos Nemescu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Cristian Vaduva
- Department of Mother and Child Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Anamaria Harabor
- Clinical and Surgical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 'Dunarea de Jos' University, 800216 Galati, Romania
| | - Ana-Maria Adam
- Clinical and Surgical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 'Dunarea de Jos' University, 800216 Galati, Romania
| | - Valeriu Harabor
- Clinical and Surgical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 'Dunarea de Jos' University, 800216 Galati, Romania
| | - Aurel Nechita
- Clinical and Surgical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 'Dunarea de Jos' University, 800216 Galati, Romania
| | - Cristina Strobescu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Grigore T. Popa", 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Raluca Mogos
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alexandru Carauleanu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ingrid-Andrada Vasilache
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Demetra Socolov
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
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20
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Guerrero-Romero F, Micke O, Simental-Mendía LE, Rodríguez-Morán M, Vormann J, Iotti S, Banjanin N, Rosanoff A, Baniasadi S, Pourdowlat G, Nechifor M. Importance of Magnesium Status in COVID-19. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12050735. [PMID: 37237547 DOI: 10.3390/biology12050735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A large amount of published research points to the interesting concept (hypothesis) that magnesium (Mg) status may have relevance for the outcome of COVID-19 and that Mg could be protective during the COVID disease course. As an essential element, Mg plays basic biochemical, cellular, and physiological roles required for cardiovascular, immunological, respiratory, and neurological functions. Both low serum and dietary Mg have been associated with the severity of COVID-19 outcomes, including mortality; both are also associated with COVID-19 risk factors such as older age, obesity, type 2 diabetes, kidney disease, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and asthma. In addition, populations with high rates of COVID-19 mortality and hospitalization tend to consume diets high in modern processed foods, which are generally low in Mg. In this review, we review the research to describe and consider the possible impact of Mg and Mg status on COVID-19 showing that (1) serum Mg between 2.19 and 2.26 mg/dL and dietary Mg intakes > 329 mg/day could be protective during the disease course and (2) inhaled Mg may improve oxygenation of hypoxic COVID-19 patients. In spite of such promise, oral Mg for COVID-19 has thus far been studied only in combination with other nutrients. Mg deficiency is involved in the occurrence and aggravation of neuropsychiatric complications of COVID-19, including memory loss, cognition, loss of taste and smell, ataxia, confusion, dizziness, and headache. Potential of zinc and/or Mg as useful for increasing drug therapy effectiveness or reducing adverse effect of anti-COVID-19 drugs is reviewed. Oral Mg trials of patients with COVID-19 are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Oliver Micke
- Department of Radiation Therapy and Radiation Oncology, Franziskus Hospital, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | | | | | - Juergen Vormann
- Institute for Prevention and Nutrition, 85737 Ismaning, Germany
| | - Stefano Iotti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Universita di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, 00136 Rome, Italy
| | - Nikolina Banjanin
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Ecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Andrea Rosanoff
- CMER Center for Magnesium Education & Research, Pahoa, HI 96778, USA
| | - Shadi Baniasadi
- Tracheal Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 198396-3113, Iran
| | - Guitti Pourdowlat
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Centre, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 198396-3113, Iran
| | - Mihai Nechifor
- Department of Pharmacology, Gr. T Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
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21
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Moltó Balado P, Docampo Sierra S. [SARS-CoV-2 infection promoted by magnesium deficiency in the geriatric patient]. Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol 2023; 58:117-118. [PMID: 36964017 PMCID: PMC9981519 DOI: 10.1016/j.regg.2023.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Moltó Balado
- Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria, CAP Baix Ebre, Tortosa, Tarragona, España.
| | - Sara Docampo Sierra
- Geriatría y Gerontología, Hospital de la Santa Cruz de Jesús, Tortosa, Tarragona, España
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22
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MİKA'İL TA, SULE M, ALHASSAN AJ, IMAM AA, MUHAMMAD Y, ISMAİL S, BABAGANA K, YUNUSA A. Comparative Studies of some Chemical and Micronutrient Contents in three Sprouted Samples of Bambaranut (Vinga subterranean [l] verdc.) Landraces. JOURNAL OF THE TURKISH CHEMICAL SOCIETY, SECTION A: CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.18596/jotcsa.1167021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The research was carried out to evaluate the effect of sprouting on chemical and micronutrient contents of Bambaranut (Vigna subterranea [l] verdc.) grown in Kano, Nigeria. Three landraces of Bambaranut (cream, black and zebra) were used for the study. The proximate and mineral contents were analyzed in accordance with the standard methods of analysis. The result of the proximate analysis showed that the moisture and carbohydrate contents reduced significantly (P<0.05) after sprouting while ash, crude protein, crude fat, and crude fiber significantly increased, there was no significant (P<0.05) difference in moisture, crude fiber, and carbohydrate contents between the landraces. The landraces differ in crude protein and fat contents. The results of minerals analysis shows that the landraces differ significantly in Na, Fe, Ca, K, Mg, and Se. However, the amount of Zn, Mn did not significantly differ between the landraces irrespective of sprouting or not. All the three landraces did not differ (P<0.05) in Cu contents. Sprouting leads to decrease in Na, Fe, K, Zn, Mg and Se and increase in Ca and Mn. This study showed that sprouting improves the nutritional quality of Bambaranut irrespective of the landrace.
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23
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Status Asthmaticus Gravidus: Emergency and Critical Care Management of Acute Severe Asthma During Pregnancy. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am 2023; 43:87-102. [PMID: 36411010 DOI: 10.1016/j.iac.2022.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
One-third of women with asthma have deterioration of their asthma during pregnancy, and one-fourth of pregnant women with asthma will experience severe exacerbations necessitating emergency department (ED) visits or hospitalizations. Early recognition of acute severe asthma, including life-threatening status asthmaticus, and aggressive medical interventions with β2-agonists, anticholinergic agents, and systemic corticosteroids are necessary to treat maternal airway bronchoconstriction, support maternal and fetal oxygenation, and avoid adverse fetal outcomes. This review describes management of acute severe asthma in pregnancy, including status asthmaticus, in the ED and intensive care unit.
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24
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Farag MA, Abib B, Qin Z, Ze X, Ali SE. Dietary macrominerals: Updated review of their role and orchestration in human nutrition throughout the life cycle with sex differences. Curr Res Food Sci 2023; 6:100450. [PMID: 36816001 PMCID: PMC9932710 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2023.100450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrominerals play vital roles in a multitude of physiologic systems. A myriad of biochemical reactions are dependent on or affected by these electrolytes. The current review attempts to identify the role of macrominerals as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, potassium and sulfur in human health, in addition to their absorption and homeostasis inside the body. We also focused on their amount in major food sources and the recommended daily intake of each macromineral. In addition, a deep insight into the orchestration of the 6 different macrominerals' requirements is presented across the human life cycle, beginning from fertility and pregnancy, and reaching adulthood and senility, with insight on interactions among them and underlying action mechanisms. The effect of sex is also presented for each mineral at each life stage to highlight the different daily requirements and/ or effects. The current review identified the role of macrominerals in human health, in addition to their absorption and homeostasis in the body. Based on the in-depth understanding of the factors influencing the metabolism of macrominerals, we could better explore their safety and possible therapeutic potential in specific disorders. There is still a need to precisely demonstrate the bioavailability of macrominerals from various types of functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt, Kasr El Aini St, P.B, 11562, Egypt,Corresponding author.
| | - Bishoy Abib
- Chemistry Department, School of Sciences & Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo, 11835, Egypt
| | - Zhiwei Qin
- Center for Biological Science and Technology, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519087, China,Macau University of Science and Technology Zhuhai MUST Science and Technology Research Institute, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China,Corresponding author. Center for Biological Science and Technology, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519087, China.
| | - Xiaolei Ze
- BYHEALTH Institute of Nutrition & Health, No.3 Kehui 3rd Street, No.99 Kexue Avenue Central, Huangpu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510663, China
| | - Sara E. Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, The German University in Cairo, Egypt
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25
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Grzeszczak K, Kapczuk P, Kupnicka P, Cecerska-Heryć E, Kwiatkowski S, Chlubek D, Kosik-Bogacka D. Calcium, Potassium, Sodium, and Magnesium Concentrations in the Placenta, Umbilical Cord, and Fetal Membrane from Women with Multiple Pregnancies. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:life13010153. [PMID: 36676102 PMCID: PMC9861628 DOI: 10.3390/life13010153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca), potassium (K), sodium (Na), and magnesium (Mg) are the elements responsible for the fundamental metabolic and biochemical processes in the cells of the body. The demand for these elements increases significantly during pregnancy, where an adequate supply protects women from the hypertension common in pre-eclampsia and preterm labor. This study aimed to evaluate the association between macro-elements (Ca, Mg, Na, and K) in the placenta, fetal membrane, and umbilical cord and the morphometric parameters of newborns from multiple pregnancies. The study involved 57 pregnant European women with healthy uncomplicated twin pregnancies (n = 52) and triple pregnancies (n = 5); 40 pairs of dichorionic diamniotic twins, 11 pairs of monochorionic diamniotic twins, 1 pair of monochorionic monoamniotic twins, 3 trichorionic triamniotic triplets, and 2 dichorionic triamniotic triplets. Placentas (n = 107), umbilical cords (n = 114), and fetal membranes (n = 112) were collected immediately following delivery, and then weighed and measured. The levels of Ca, K, Na, and Mg were determined using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) in a Thermo Scientific ICAP 7400 Duo (Waltham, MA, USA). The respective mean concentrations of Ca, K, Na, and Mg (mg/kg-1 dry mass) were: 2466, 8873, 9323, and 436 in the placenta; 957, 6173, 26,757, and 326 in the umbilical cord, and 1252, 7460, 13,562, and 370 in the fetal membrane. In the studied materials from northwestern Poland, we found strong positive correlations between Ca and Mg concentrations in both the umbilical cord (r = 0.81, p = 0.00) and the fetal membrane (r = 0.73, p = 0.00); between K and Mg concentrations in the umbilical cord (r = 0.73, p = 0.00); between Ca and K concentrations in the fetal membrane (r = 0.73, p = 0.00), and we found moderately positive correlations between placental Ca concentration and placental weight (ρ = 0.42, p = 0.00) and between umbilical cord Mg concentrations and the length of the pregnancy (ρ = 0.42, p = 0.00). Negative correlations were found between Na and Ca concentrations in the fetal membrane (r = -0.40, p = 0.00) and Na concentrations in the fetal membrane and Mg concentrations in the placenta (r = -0.16, p = 0.02). Negative correlations were confirmed between the length of pregnancy and head circumference (ρ = -0.42; p = 0.00), infant weight (ρ = -0.42; p = 0.00), infant length (ρ = -0.49; p = 0.00), shoulder width (ρ = -0.49; p = 0.00); and between the infant weight and head circumference (ρ = -0.62; p = 0.00), weight before delivery (ρ = -0.36; p = 0.00), infant length (ρ = -0.45; p = 0.00), shoulder width (ρ = -0.63; p = 0.00), and weight gain during pregnancy (ρ = -0.31; p = 0.01). We found statistically significant correlations between cigarette smoking before pregnancy and the women's weight before delivery (ρ = 0.32, p = 0.00), and a negative correlation between the women's ages and infant head circumference (ρ = -0.20, p = 0.02). This is probably the first study to evaluate Ca, Na, K, and Mg concentrations in the afterbirth tissues of multiple pregnancies. It adds to the knowledge of elemental concentrations in multiple pregnancies and their possible effects on fetal morphometric parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Grzeszczak
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Patrycja Kapczuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Patrycja Kupnicka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Cecerska-Heryć
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Sebastian Kwiatkowski
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Dariusz Chlubek
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Danuta Kosik-Bogacka
- Independent Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Botany, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-91-466-1672
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26
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Smiianov VA, Markin LB, Fartushok TV, Slavitych SR. EFFECTIVENESS OF THE MAGNESIUM APPLICATION IN OBSTETRICAL PRACTICE. WIADOMOSCI LEKARSKIE (WARSAW, POLAND : 1960) 2023; 76:920-927. [PMID: 37326071 DOI: 10.36740/wlek202305105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim: Conducting an evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of the use of magnesium in pregnant women. PATIENTS AND METHODS Materials and methods: A comprehensive examination of 60 pregnant women was conducted, of which 30 were taking a magnesium preparation in a daily dose of 2473.72 mg of magnesium citrate and 40 mg of pyridoxine hydrochloride (the main group) and 30 pregnant women who were not taking a magnesium preparation (сomparison group). The analysis of the clinical course of the first half of the pregnancy with the determination the frequency and structure of complications, blood pressure levels, indicators of ultrasound, general and biochemical blood tests, urinalysis, lipid status and carbohydrarate metabolism. RESULTS Results: The main complications of the first half of pregnancy were: threatening miscarriage, abortion in progress, early gestosis, anemia, respiratory viral infection, exacerbation of extragenital pathology, hypertension. During the analysis of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism increased atherogenic potential. Analyzing the results of ultrasound studies reliably earlier comes down the local hypertonus. CONCLUSION Сonclusions: The correction of chronic magnesium deficiency, performed by the drug magnesium has allowed to reduce cases of threat of abortion, the abortion that was started, the symptoms of early preeclampsia, anemia of pregnant women, symptoms of respiratory viral infection, reduces the number of bed-days in the case of hospitalization. The use of magnesium helped to normalize blood pressure, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, reduces hypertonus of the myometrium.
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27
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Bentil HJ, Adu-Afarwuah S, Rossi JS, Tovar A, Oaks BM. Dietary magnesium intakes among women of reproductive age in Ghana-A comparison of two dietary analysis programs. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0284648. [PMID: 37130108 PMCID: PMC10153694 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the importance of magnesium to health and most importantly to women of reproductive age who are entering pregnancy, very few surveys have investigated the magnesium status of women of reproductive age, particularly in Africa. Additionally, the software and programs used to analyze dietary intake vary across countries in the region. OBJECTIVE To assess the dietary magnesium intake of women of reproductive age in Ghana and to compare the estimate of magnesium intake obtained from two commonly used dietary analysis programs. METHODS We collected magnesium intake from 63 Ghanaian women using a semiquantitative 150-item food frequency questionnaire. Dietary data was analyzed using two different dietary analysis programs, Nutrient Data Software for Research (NDSR) and the Elizabeth Stewart Hands and Associates (ESHA) Food Processor Nutrition Analysis software. We used the Wilcoxon signed rank test to compare the mean differences between the two dietary programs. RESULTS There were significant differences between the average dietary magnesium intake calculated by the two dietary programs, with ESHA estimating higher magnesium intake than NDSR (M±SE; ESHA: 200 ± 12 mg/day; NDSR: 168 ± 11 mg/day; p<0. 05). The ESHA database included some ethnic foods and was flexible in terms of searching for food items which we found to be more accurate in assessing the magnesium intake of women in Ghana. Using the ESHA software, 84% of the study women had intake below the recommended dietary allowances (RDA) of 320mg/day. CONCLUSION It is possible that the ESHA software provided an accurate estimate of magnesium in this population because it included specific ethnic foods. Concerted efforts such as magnesium supplementation and nutrition education should be considered to improve the magnesium intake of women of reproductive age in Ghana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena J Bentil
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States of America
| | - Seth Adu-Afarwuah
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Joseph S Rossi
- Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States of America
| | - Alison Tovar
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States of America
| | - Brietta M Oaks
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States of America
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28
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Hansu K, Cikim IG. Vitamin and mineral levels during pregnancy. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2022; 68:1705-1708. [PMID: 36449797 PMCID: PMC9779969 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20220769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Numerous physiological changes occur during pregnancy, which affect both the mother and the fetus. The objective of this study was to evaluate the magnesium, calcium, phosphate, parathormone (PTH), and vitamin D levels in each trimester of pregnancy. METHODS In this study, 30 pregnant women in the first trimester, 30 pregnant women in the second trimester, 30 pregnant women in the third trimester, and 30 healthy, non-pregnant women (control) in the same age group were included. The serum magnesium, calcium, phosphate, PTH, and vitamin D levels were measured in all the participants. RESULTS No statistically significant difference was found in the PTH and phosphate levels within the groups. In contrast, a significant difference was found in the vitamin D, calcium, and magnesium levels (p<0.001 for all). By analyzing the differences between the groups, the vitamin D, calcium, and magnesium levels were found to decrease with increase in the gestational weeks. CONCLUSION For maintaining a healthy pregnancy and fetus, we recommend vitamin D, calcium, and magnesium levels to be included in routine follow-ups for each trimester and supplemented in case of deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kemal Hansu
- Necip Fazil City Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology – Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
| | - Ismail Gurkan Cikim
- Adıyaman University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry – Adiyaman, Turkey.,Corresponding author:
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29
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Wadhwani N, Dangat K, Randhir K, Poddar A, Joshi P, Pisal H, Kadam V, Bakshi R, Chandhiok N, Lalwani S, Mehendale S, Wagh G, Gupte S, Sachdev HS, Fall C, Joshi S. Longitudinal Assessment of Calcium and Magnesium Levels in Women with Preeclampsia. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 201:3245-3255. [PMID: 36214957 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03440-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The present study reports the levels of maternal serum calcium and magnesium from early pregnancy until delivery, along with cord levels, in women who developed preeclampsia (PE) and compares them with those without PE. A total of 324 pregnant women (216 non-PE and 108 PE women) were included in this retrospective case-control study of prospectively collected data nested in an observational cohort study. Maternal blood was collected at 4 time points during pregnancy (V1 = 11-14 weeks, V2 = 18-22 weeks, V3 = 26-28 weeks, and V4 = at delivery) and umbilical cord blood at delivery. Independent t tests were used to compare calcium, magnesium, and their ratio between two groups, and their associations with PE were studied using regression models. Calcium levels were similar between groups at all time points. Magnesium levels were lower (p = 0.021) at V2 in PE group as compared with non-PE group. Maternal calcium and magnesium levels were negatively associated, with blood pressure in early pregnancy. In fully adjusted logistic regression analysis, lower magnesium levels were associated with an increased risk of PE at V2 (OR 0.25 [95% CI 0.07, 0.94] p = 0.04). Lower magnesium in mid-pregnancy was associated with higher risk of PE. These changes were observed before the diagnosis of PE, thereby suggesting that they may have a role in the etiology of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Wadhwani
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune Satara Road, Pune, 411043, India
| | - Kamini Dangat
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune Satara Road, Pune, 411043, India
| | - Karuna Randhir
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune Satara Road, Pune, 411043, India
| | - Anupam Poddar
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune Satara Road, Pune, 411043, India
| | - Prachi Joshi
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune Satara Road, Pune, 411043, India
| | - Hemlata Pisal
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune Satara Road, Pune, 411043, India
| | - Vrushali Kadam
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune Satara Road, Pune, 411043, India
| | - Ravleen Bakshi
- Division of Reproductive, Biology, Maternal and Child Health (RBMCH) and Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research - Headquarters, New Delhi, India
| | - Nomita Chandhiok
- Division of Reproductive, Biology, Maternal and Child Health (RBMCH) and Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research - Headquarters, New Delhi, India
| | - Sanjay Lalwani
- Department of Pediatrics, Bharati Medical College and Hospital, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, India
| | - Savita Mehendale
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Bharati Medical College and Hospital, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, India
| | - Girija Wagh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Bharati Medical College and Hospital, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, India
| | | | | | - Caroline Fall
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Sadhana Joshi
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune Satara Road, Pune, 411043, India.
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30
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Batiha GES, Al-Gareeb AI, Qusti S, Alshammari EM, Kaushik D, Verma R, Al-Kuraishy HM. Deciphering the immunoboosting potential of macro and micronutrients in COVID support therapy. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:43516-43531. [PMID: 35391642 PMCID: PMC8989262 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20075-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
The immune system protects human health from the effects of pathogenic organisms; however, its activity is affected when individuals become infected. These activities require a series of molecules, substrates, and energy sources that are derived from diets. The consumed nutrients from diets help to enhance the immunity of infected individuals as it relates to COVID-19 patients. This study aims to review and highlight requirement and role of macro- and micronutrients of COVID-19 patients in enhancing their immune systems. Series of studies were found to have demonstrated the enhancing potentials of macronutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, and fats) and micronutrients (vitamins, copper, zinc, iron, calcium, magnesium, and selenium) in supporting the immune system's fight against respiratory infections. Each of these nutrients performs a vital role as an antiviral defense in COVID-19 patients. Appropriate consumption or intake of dietary sources that yield these nutrients will help provide the daily requirement to support the immune system in its fight against pathogenic viruses such as COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt.
| | - Ali I Al-Gareeb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, ALmustansiriyia University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Safaa Qusti
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eida M Alshammari
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Deepak Kaushik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, India.
| | - Ravinder Verma
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, G.D. Goenka University, Gurugram, 122103, India
| | - Hayder M Al-Kuraishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, ALmustansiriyia University, Baghdad, Iraq
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31
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Citu IM, Citu C, Margan MM, Craina M, Neamtu R, Gorun OM, Burlea B, Bratosin F, Rosca O, Grigoras ML, Motoc A, Malita D, Neagoe O, Gorun F. Calcium, Magnesium, and Zinc Supplementation during Pregnancy: The Additive Value of Micronutrients on Maternal Immune Response after SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14071445. [PMID: 35406057 PMCID: PMC9003126 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnesium may contribute to the immune response during and after SARS-CoV-2 infection by acting as a cofactor for immunoglobulin production and other processes required for T and B cell activity. Considering magnesium as a recommended dietary supplement during pregnancy and the possible role of magnesium deficiency in COVID-19 and its complications, the current study sought to determine the effect of magnesium and magnesium-containing nutritional supplements on the immune response following SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women, as well as to observe differences in pregnancy outcomes based on the supplements taken during pregnancy. The study followed a cross-sectional design, where patients with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection during their pregnancy were surveyed for their preferences in nutritional supplementation and their profile compared with existing records from the institutional database. A cohort of 448 pregnant women with COVID-19 during 22 months of the pandemic was assembled, out of which 13.6% took a magnesium-only supplement, and 16.5% supplemented their diet with a combination of calcium, magnesium, and zinc. Around 60% of patients in the no-supplementation group had the SARS-CoV-2 anti-RBD lower than 500 U/mL, compared with 50% in those who took magnesium-based supplements. A quantity of magnesium >450 mg in the taken supplements determined higher levels of antibody titers after COVID-19. Low magnesium dosage (<450 mg) was an independent risk factor for a weak immune response (OR-1.25, p-value = 0.003). The observed findings suggest supplementing the nutritional intake of pregnant women with magnesium-based supplements to determine higher levels of SARS-CoV-2 anti-RBD antibodies, although causality remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Mihaela Citu
- Department of Internal Medicine I, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Cosmin Citu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (M.-M.M.); (M.C.); (R.N.); (F.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-(722)-322-877
| | - Madalin-Marius Margan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (M.-M.M.); (M.C.); (R.N.); (F.G.)
| | - Marius Craina
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (M.-M.M.); (M.C.); (R.N.); (F.G.)
| | - Radu Neamtu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (M.-M.M.); (M.C.); (R.N.); (F.G.)
| | - Oana Maria Gorun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Municipal Emergency Clinical Hospital Timisoara, 300202 Timisoara, Romania; (O.M.G.); (B.B.)
| | - Bogdan Burlea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Municipal Emergency Clinical Hospital Timisoara, 300202 Timisoara, Romania; (O.M.G.); (B.B.)
| | - Felix Bratosin
- Methodological and Infectious Diseases Research Center, Department of Infectious Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (F.B.); (O.R.)
| | - Ovidiu Rosca
- Methodological and Infectious Diseases Research Center, Department of Infectious Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (F.B.); (O.R.)
| | - Mirela Loredana Grigoras
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (M.L.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Andrei Motoc
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (M.L.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Daniel Malita
- Department of Radiology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Octavian Neagoe
- First Department of Surgery, Second Discipline of Surgical Semiology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Florin Gorun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (M.-M.M.); (M.C.); (R.N.); (F.G.)
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Effect of Maternal Catalase Supplementation on Reproductive Performance, Antioxidant Activity and Mineral Transport in Sows and Piglets. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12070828. [PMID: 35405818 PMCID: PMC8996845 DOI: 10.3390/ani12070828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of maternal catalase (CAT) supplementation on reproductive performance, antioxidant enzyme activities, mineral transport, and mRNA expression of related genes in sows and offspring. A total of 40 pregnant sows at 95 days of gestation with similar parity (3−5 parities) and back-fat thickness were assigned randomly and equally into the control (CON) group (fed a basal diet) and CAT group (fed a basal diet supplemented with 660 mg/kg CAT; CAT activity, 280 U/g). The reproductive performance was recorded, and the placenta and blood samples of sows and neonatal piglets, as well as the jejunum and ileum samples from neonatal boars (eight replicates per group), were collected. Results showed that dietary supplementation with CAT significantly decreased the intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) rate and increased the activity of serum CAT in neonatal piglets and umbilical cords (p < 0.05). In addition, CAT supplementation tended to improve total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) levels in the maternal serum (p = 0.089) and umbilical cords of piglets (p = 0.051). The serum calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn) of farrowing sows and Mn concentration in the umbilical cord, and serum Ca, magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), and Mn of neonatal piglets were significantly increased (p < 0.05) in the CAT group. CAT supplementation downregulated mRNA expression of TRPV6 and CTR1 (p < 0.05), Cu/Zn SOD (p = 0.086) in the placenta and tended to increase the mRNA expression of the glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) (p = 0.084), glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) (p = 0.063), and CAT (p = 0.052) genes in the ileum of piglets. These results showed that the maternal CAT supplementation improved fetal growth by decreasing the IUGR rate, and modulated antioxidant activity, as well as mineral elements in the pregnant sows and their piglets.
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Veronese N, Pizzol D, Smith L, Dominguez LJ, Barbagallo M. Effect of Magnesium Supplementation on Inflammatory Parameters: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030679. [PMID: 35277037 PMCID: PMC8838086 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) may have several beneficial effects on human health outcomes. One hypothesized mechanism eliciting such effects is the action of Mg on serum inflammatory parameters. However, studies on this topic to date have several important limitations. Therefore, the present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize the current state of the art of all randomized control trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of Mg supplementation versus placebo on serum parameters of inflammation. We searched several databases until 23 November 2021 for RCTs. Eligible studies were RCTs investigating the effect of oral Mg supplementation vs. placebo and having serum inflammatory markers as an outcome. Among 2484 papers initially screened, 17 randomized controlled trials (889 participants; mean age: 46 years; females: 62.5%) were included. Generally, a low risk of bias was present. In meta-analysis, Mg supplementation significantly decreased serum C reactive protein (CRP) and increased nitric oxide (NO) levels. In descriptive findings, Mg supplementation significantly reduced plasma fibrinogen, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase type 5, tumor necrosis factor-ligand superfamily member 13B, ST2 protein, and IL-1. In conclusion, Mg supplementation may significantly reduce different human inflammatory markers, in particular serum CRP and NO levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Veronese
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (M.B.)
| | - Damiano Pizzol
- Italian Agency for Development Cooperation, Khartoum 11115, Sudan;
| | - Lee Smith
- Centre for Health, Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK;
| | - Ligia J. Dominguez
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (M.B.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Kore University of Enna, 94100 Enna, Italy
- Correspondence: or
| | - Mario Barbagallo
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (M.B.)
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Kumari D, Garg S, Bhawrani P. Zinc homeostasis in immunity and its association with preterm births. Scand J Immunol 2022; 95:e13142. [PMID: 35007353 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Preterm birth is among the most common adverse pregnancy outcomes and is the leading cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity. While trace elements are essential for humans, their specific roles in the prenatal period remain unexplored. Zinc, a ubiquitous element plays a pivotal role in protein synthesis, cell division, nucleic acid metabolism, apoptosis, ageing, reproduction, immunological as well as antioxidant defense mechanism. Although zinc quantities are very small in body tissue, it is involved in every conceivable biochemical pathway which is critical for the performance of various functions necessary to sustain life. Owing to the multifactorial role of zinc, it is not possible to attribute a certain zinc dependent mechanism in pre-term births. Although the effect of zinc deficiency on immunity, its impact on maternal function and health as well as its role in the developing foetus is well documented, much less attention has been given to the understanding of micronutrient zinc homeostasis in immunity and its association with preterm births. Despite extensive research, the pathway by which zinc regulates pregnancy outcomes as well as the function of immune cells in controlling the delivery status (term/ preterm) is still obscure. The present review aims to focus on the understanding of relationship of micronutrient zinc homeostasis in immunity and its association with preterm births.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Kumari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mahatma Gandhi University of Medical Science & Technology, Jaipur, Rajasthan- 302022
| | - Swati Garg
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mahatma Gandhi University of Medical Science & Technology, Jaipur, Rajasthan- 302022
| | - Priyanka Bhawrani
- ICMR Project, Mahatma Gandhi University of Medical Science & Technology, Jaipur, Rajasthan- 302022
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Selected Metal Concentration in Maternal and Cord Blood. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182312407. [PMID: 34886132 PMCID: PMC8656657 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182312407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Essential and non-essential elements deficiencies may lead to various birth complications. The aim of this paper was to determine calcium (Ca), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), phosphorus (P), lead (Pb), strontium (Sr), and zinc (Zn) concentrations in maternal blood and cord blood. Whole blood and cord blood samples collected from pregnant women (n = 136) were analyzed for the concentration of the elements by spectrophotometric atomic absorption in inductively coupled argon plasma (ICP-OES). The results showed that Ca, Pb, and Sr concentrations were similar in maternal and cord blood, while Fe and K levels were higher in cord blood than in maternal blood. The cord blood Cu, Na, and Zn concentrations were lower than those in maternal blood, suggesting transplacental transfer of these elements were limited. Moreover, checking the influence of studied elements on the anthropometric parameters of the newborns, we found that the highest number of associations was between Cu in cord blood. Due to the fact that the pregnant women were healthy, and the newborns were without any disorders, we suggest that the values obtained in our study are normal values of studied elements in whole blood and cord blood in patients from Poland.
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Association between Dietary Magnesium Intake and Glycemic Markers in Ghanaian Women of Reproductive Age: A Pilot Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13114141. [PMID: 34836395 PMCID: PMC8619971 DOI: 10.3390/nu13114141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Low magnesium intake has been shown to be associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in several studies conducted in high-income countries. However, very few studies have been performed in Africa, where many countries have a growing rate of T2DM. We conducted a pilot cross-sectional study among 63 women in Ghana to investigate the association between magnesium intake and glycemic markers. We assessed dietary magnesium using a food frequency questionnaire and glycemic markers using fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). Our findings showed that the mean magnesium intake was 200 ± 116 mg/day. The prevalence of T2DM was 5% by measuring fasting blood glucose and 8% by measuring HbA1c. Unadjusted linear regression models revealed that higher magnesium intake significantly predicted higher fasting blood glucose levels (β = 0.31; 95% CI: 0.07, 0.55; p = 0.01) and HbA1c levels (β = 0.26; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.51; p = 0.04). In adjusted analyses, magnesium intake was no longer significantly associated with either fasting blood glucose levels (β = 0.22; 95% CI: −0.03, 0.46; p = 0.08) or HbA1c levels (β = 0.15; 95% CI: −0.08, 0.39; p = 0.20). In conclusion, our study did not show a significant association between magnesium intake and glycemic markers in women of reproductive age in Ghana. The results of this study need to be further substantiated because this was the first study to examine magnesium intake and glycemic markers in this population in Africa.
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Bozack AK, Rifas-Shiman SL, Coull BA, Baccarelli AA, Wright RO, Amarasiriwardena C, Gold DR, Oken E, Hivert MF, Cardenas A. Prenatal metal exposure, cord blood DNA methylation and persistence in childhood: an epigenome-wide association study of 12 metals. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:208. [PMID: 34798907 PMCID: PMC8605513 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-021-01198-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prenatal exposure to essential and non-essential metals impacts birth and child health, including fetal growth and neurodevelopment. DNA methylation (DNAm) may be involved in pathways linking prenatal metal exposure and health. In the Project Viva cohort, we analyzed the extent to which metals (As, Ba, Cd, Cr, Cs, Cu, Hg, Mg, Mn, Pb, Se, and Zn) measured in maternal erythrocytes were associated with differentially methylated positions (DMPs) and regions (DMRs) in cord blood and tested if associations persisted in blood collected in mid-childhood. We measured metal concentrations in first-trimester maternal erythrocytes, and DNAm in cord blood (N = 361) and mid-childhood blood (N = 333, 6–10 years) with the Illumina HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. For each metal individually, we tested for DMPs using linear models (considered significant at FDR < 0.05), and for DMRs using comb-p (Sidak p < 0.05). Covariates included biologically relevant variables and estimated cell-type composition. We also performed sex-stratified analyses. Results Pb was associated with decreased methylation of cg20608990 (CASP8) (FDR = 0.04), and Mn was associated with increased methylation of cg02042823 (A2BP1) in cord blood (FDR = 9.73 × 10–6). Both associations remained significant but attenuated in blood DNAm collected at mid-childhood (p < 0.01). Two and nine Mn-associated DMPs were identified in male and female infants, respectively (FDR < 0.05), with two and six persisting in mid-childhood (p < 0.05). All metals except Ba and Pb were associated with ≥ 1 DMR among all infants (Sidak p < 0.05). Overlapping DMRs annotated to genes in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region were identified for Cr, Cs, Cu, Hg, Mg, and Mn. Conclusions Prenatal metal exposure is associated with DNAm, including DMRs annotated to genes involved in neurodevelopment. Future research is needed to determine if DNAm partially explains the relationship between prenatal metal exposures and health outcomes. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13148-021-01198-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne K Bozack
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, 2121 Berkeley Way, Room 5302, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Sheryl L Rifas-Shiman
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brent A Coull
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrea A Baccarelli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Robert O Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health and Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, New York City, USA
| | - Chitra Amarasiriwardena
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health and Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, New York City, USA
| | - Diane R Gold
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emily Oken
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marie-France Hivert
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andres Cardenas
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, 2121 Berkeley Way, Room 5302, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA. .,Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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Faa G, Saba L, Fanni D, Kalcev G, Carta M. Association between Hypomagnesemia, COVID-19, Respiratory Tract and Lung Disease. Open Respir Med J 2021; 15:43-45. [PMID: 34733373 PMCID: PMC8493831 DOI: 10.2174/1874306402115010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The complexity of COVID-19 is also related to the multiple molecular pathways triggered by SARS-CoV-2, which is able to cause type I pneumocyte death, trigger intravascular coagulation, interfere with the renin-angiotensin system, dysregulate iron metabolism, ending with the insurgence of a cytokine storm which may lead to death. Old adults with obesity, hypertension, and diabetes are among the high-risk category groups more prone to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Magnesium has been reported to play a major role both in physiology and in pathology, particularly in elderly people, regulating cytotoxic functions of natural killer (NK) cells and CD8+ T lymphocytes. In spite of the absence of controlled trials, the possibility of magnesium supplementation for supportive treatment in patients with COVID-19 should be encouraged. This could be useful in all phases of the COVID-19 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavino Faa
- Division of Pathology, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University Hospital San Giovanni di Dio, Cagliari, Italy
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Luca Saba
- Department of Medical Imaging, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria (AOU) of Cagliari-Polo di Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Daniela Fanni
- Division of Pathology, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University Hospital San Giovanni di Dio, Cagliari, Italy
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Goce Kalcev
- International Ph.D. in Innovation Sciences and Technologies, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Mauro Carta
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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