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Afsheen S, Rehman AS, Jamal A, Khan N, Parvez S. Understanding role of pesticides in development of Parkinson's disease: Insights from Drosophila and rodent models. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 98:102340. [PMID: 38759892 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative illness linked to ageing, marked by the gradual decline of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain. The exact aetiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) remains uncertain, with genetic predisposition and environmental variables playing significant roles in the disease's frequency. Epidemiological data indicates a possible connection between pesticide exposure and brain degeneration. Specific pesticides have been associated with important characteristics of Parkinson's disease, such as mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and α-synuclein aggregation, which are crucial for the advancement of the disease. Recently, many animal models have been developed for Parkinson's disease study. Although these models do not perfectly replicate the disease's pathology, they provide valuable insights that improve our understanding of the condition and the limitations of current treatment methods. Drosophila, in particular, has been useful in studying Parkinson's disease induced by toxins or genetic factors. The review thoroughly analyses many animal models utilised in Parkinson's research, with an emphasis on issues including pesticides, genetic and epigenetic changes, proteasome failure, oxidative damage, α-synuclein inoculation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. The text highlights the important impact of pesticides on the onset of Parkinson's disease (PD) and stresses the need for more research on genetic and mechanistic alterations linked to the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Afsheen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Ahmed Shaney Rehman
- Department of Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Azfar Jamal
- Department of Biology, College of Science Al-Zulfi, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia; Health and Basic Science Research Centre, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nazia Khan
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suhel Parvez
- Department of Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
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Jang MH, Song J. Adenosine and adenosine receptors in metabolic imbalance-related neurological issues. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:116996. [PMID: 38897158 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndromes (e.g., obesity) are characterized by insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, impaired glucose metabolism, and dyslipidemia. Recently, patients with metabolic syndromes have experienced not only metabolic problems but also neuropathological issues, including cognitive impairment. Several studies have reported blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and insulin resistance in the brain of patients with obesity and diabetes. Adenosine, a purine nucleoside, is known to regulate various cellular responses (e.g., the neuroinflammatory response) by binding with adenosine receptors in the central nervous system (CNS). Adenosine has four known receptors: A1R, A2AR, A2BR, and A3R. These receptors play distinct roles in various physiological and pathological processes in the brain, including endothelial cell homeostasis, insulin sensitivity, microglial activation, lipid metabolism, immune cell infiltration, and synaptic plasticity. Here, we review the recent findings on the role of adenosine receptor-mediated signaling in neuropathological issues related to metabolic imbalance. We highlight the importance of adenosine signaling in the development of therapeutic solutions for neuropathological issues in patients with metabolic syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Hyeon Jang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States.
| | - Juhyun Song
- Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58128, Republic of Korea.
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Le AT, Ha HA, Al-Ansari MM, Elankathirselvan K, Al-Humaid LA. Aristolochia bracteolata flower extract based phytosynthesis and characterization of AgNPs: Antimicrobial, antidiabetic, and antioxidant activities potential assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 251:118729. [PMID: 38492832 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
The study was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of the Aristolochia bracteolata water flower extract-mediated AgNPs synthesis and assess their antimicrobial potential. According to the experimental and analytical results, A. bracteolata flower extract can produce valuable AgNPs. The characteristic features of these AgNPs were assessed with UV-visible spectrophotometer, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, Transmission Electron Microscope, Scanning Electron Microscopy, as well as. Under UV-vis. spectrum results, showed major peak at 430 nm and recorded essential functional groups responsible for reducing, capping, and stabilizing AgNPs by FT-IR analysis. In addition, the size and shape of the synthesized AgNPs were found as 21.11-25.17 nm and spherical/octahedral shape. The A. bracteolata fabricated NPs showed remarkable antimicrobial activity against fish bacterial pathogens (V. parahaemolytics, Serratia sp., B. subtilis, and E. coli) as well as common fungal pathogens (A. niger, C. albicans, A. flavus, and A. terreus) at the quantity of 100 μg mL-1 than positive controls. Nevertheless, it was not effective against human bacterial pathogens. It concludes that AgNPs synthesized from A. bracteolata aqueous flower extract have excellent antimicrobial activity and may have a variety of biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh-Tuan Le
- Faculty of Odonto-Stomatology, College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Danang, 550000, Vietnam.
| | - Hai-Anh Ha
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Vietnam
| | - Mysoon M Al-Ansari
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box, 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kasber Elankathirselvan
- Department of Chemistry, Tiruvallur University, Serkkadu, Vellore, 632 115, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Latifah A Al-Humaid
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box, 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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Kadyan P, Singh L. Unraveling the mechanistic interplay of mediators orchestrating the neuroprotective potential of harmine. Pharmacol Rep 2024:10.1007/s43440-024-00602-8. [PMID: 38758470 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-024-00602-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) encompass a range of conditions characterized by the specific dysfunction and continual decline of neurons, glial cells, and neural networks within the brain and spinal cord. The majority of NDDs exhibit similar underlying causes, including oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and malfunctioning of mitochondria. Elevated levels of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), alongside decreased expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glutamate transporter subtype 1 (GLT-1), constitute significant factors contributing to the pathogenesis of NDDs. Additionally, the dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1 A (DYRK1A) gene has emerged as a significant target for the treatment of NDDs at the preclinical level. It significantly contributes to developmental brain defects, early onset neurodegeneration, neuronal loss, and dementia in Down syndrome. Moreover, an impaired ubiquitin-proteosome system (UPS) also plays a pathological role in NDDs. Malfunctioning of UPS leads to abnormal protein buildup or aggregation of α-synuclein. α-Synuclein is a highly soluble unfolded protein that accumulates in Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites in Parkinson's disease and other synucleinopathies. Recent research highlights the promising potential of natural products in combating NDDs relative to conventional therapies. Alkaloids have emerged as promising candidates in the fight against NDDs. Harmine is a tricyclic β-carboline alkaloid (harmala alkaloid) with one indole nucleus and a six-membered pyrrole ring. It is extracted from Banisteria caapi and Peganum harmala L. and exhibits diverse pharmacological properties, encompassing neuroprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidepressant, etc. Harmine has been reported to mediate its neuroprotective via reducing the level of inflammatory mediators, NADPH oxidase, AChE, BChE and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Whereas, it has been observed to increase the levels of BDNF, GLT-1 and anti-oxidant enzymes, along with protein kinase-A (PKA)-mediated UPS activation. This review aims to discuss the mechanistic interplay of various mediators involved in the neuroprotective effect of harmine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Kadyan
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Lovedeep Singh
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India.
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Chen Y, Xu R, Liu Q, Zeng Y, Chen W, Liu Y, Cao Y, Liu G, Chen Y. Rosmarinic acid ameliorated oxidative stress, neuronal injuries, and mitochondrial dysfunctions mediated by polyglutamine and ɑ-synuclein in Caenorhabditis elegans models. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04206-4. [PMID: 38703342 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04206-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Numerous natural antioxidants have been developed into agents for neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) treatment. Rosmarinic acid (RA), an excellent antioxidant, exhibits neuroprotective activity, but its anti-NDs efficacy remains puzzling. Here, Caenorhabditis elegans models were employed to systematically reveal RA-mediated mechanisms in delaying NDs from diverse facets, including oxidative stress, the homeostasis of neural and protein, and mitochondrial disorders. Firstly, RA significantly inhibited reactive oxygen species accumulation, reduced peroxide malonaldehyde production, and strengthened the antioxidant defense system via increasing superoxide dismutase activity. Besides, RA reduced neuronal loss and ameliorated polyglutamine and ɑ-synuclein-mediated dyskinesia in NDs models. Further, in combination with the data and molecular docking results, RA may bind specifically to Huntington protein and ɑ-synuclein to prevent toxic protein aggregation and thus enhance proteostasis. Finally, RA ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction including increasing adenosine triphosphate and mitochondrial membrane potential levels and rescuing mitochondrial membrane proteins' expressions and mitochondrial structural abnormalities via regulating mitochondrial dynamics genes and improving the mitochondrial kinetic homeostasis. Thus, this study systematically revealed the RA-mediated neuroprotective mechanism and promoted RA as a promising nutritional intervention strategy to prevent NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruina Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiaoxing Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanting Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Weitian Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongfa Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Guo Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China.
- College of Light Industry and Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yunjiao Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China.
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Juhi UH, El-Nashar HAS, Al Faruq A, Bhuia MS, Sultana I, Alam S, Abuyousef F, Saleh N, El-Shazly M, Islam MT. Phytochemical analysis and biological investigation of Cheilanthes tenuifolia (Burm.f.) Swartz. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1366889. [PMID: 38638865 PMCID: PMC11024464 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1366889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Cheilanthes tenuifolia is an evergreen ornamental small fern, belonging to the family Pteridaceae, that grows in warm and rocky regions worldwide. Many species of Cheilanthes genus are evidently endowed with important phytochemicals and bioactivities. This study aimed to perform a preliminary phytochemical analysis of Cheilanthes tenuifolia leaves alongside an evaluation of free radical scavenging, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and clot lysis activities of extract fractions. Materials and methods: A preliminary phytochemical analysis was done after fractionation of ethanolic extract (ECT) with n-hexane (HCT) and chloroform (CCT). Then, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, egg albumin and RBC membrane stabilization tests, disc diffusion, and human blood clot lysis assays were performed. Results: Phytochemical investigations suggested that the plant is rich in alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, and flavonoids. All obtained fractions exhibited concentration-dependent radical scavenging, inhibition of egg protein denaturation and RBC membrane lysis capacities. Except for antifungal tests, ECT exhibited better DPPH radical scavenging, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and clot lysis capacities than HCT and CCT fractions. However, all fractions exhibited a mild anti-inflammatory activity. Conclusion: C. tenuifolia might be a good source of antioxidant, anti-microbial, and anti-atherothrombotic agents. Further studies are required to isolate and characterize the active principles liable for each bioactivity, along with possible molecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umme Habiba Juhi
- Department of Pharmacy, Southern University Bangladesh, Chattogram, Bangladesh
| | - Heba A. S. El-Nashar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdullah Al Faruq
- Department of Pharmacy, Southern University Bangladesh, Chattogram, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Shimul Bhuia
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
- Bioluster Research Center, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Irin Sultana
- Department of Pharmacy, Southern University Bangladesh, Chattogram, Bangladesh
| | - Syedul Alam
- Forest Botany Division, Bangladesh Forest Research Institute (BFRI), Chattogram, Bangladesh
| | - Farah Abuyousef
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Na’il Saleh
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamed El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
- Bioluster Research Center, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Pharmacy Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
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Ekundayo BE, Obafemi TO, Adewale OB, Obafemi BA, Oyinloye BE, Ekundayo SK. Oxidative Stress, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Apoptosis in the Pathology of Alzheimer's Disease. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024:10.1007/s12013-024-01248-2. [PMID: 38472715 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01248-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) accounts for a major statistic among the class of neurodegenerative diseases. A number of mechanisms have been identified in its pathogenesis and progression which include the amyloid beta (Aβ) aggregation, hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptosis. These processes are interconnected and contribute significantly to the loss of neurons, brain mass and consequential memory loss and other cognitive difficulties. Oxidative stress in AD appears to be caused by excess of oxygen free radicals and extracellular Aβ deposits that cause local inflammatory processes and activate microglia, another possible source of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ER Stress describes the accumulation of misfolded and unfolded proteins as a result of physiological and pathological stimuli including high protein demand, toxins, inflammatory cytokines, and mutant protein expression that disturbs ER homeostasis. When compared to age-matched controls, postmortem brain tissues from AD patients showed elevated levels of ER stress markers, such as PERK, eIF2α, IRE1α, the chaperone Grp78, and the downstream mediator of cell death CHOP. Apoptosis is in charge of eliminating unnecessary and undesired cells to maintain good health. However, it has been demonstrated that a malfunctioning apoptotic pathway is a major factor in the development of certain neurological and immunological problems and diseases in people, including neurodegenerative diseases. This article highlights and discussed some of the experimentally established mechanisms through which these processes lead to the development as well as the exacerbation of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Blessing Ariyo Obafemi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry Afe Babalola University, PMB 5454, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Babatunji Emmanuel Oyinloye
- Department of Biochemistry Afe Babalola University, PMB 5454, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
- Biotechnology and Structural Biology (BSB) Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, 3886, South Africa
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Beltrán-Velasco AI, Reiriz M, Uceda S, Echeverry-Alzate V. Lactiplantibacillus (Lactobacillus) plantarum as a Complementary Treatment to Improve Symptomatology in Neurodegenerative Disease: A Systematic Review of Open Access Literature. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3010. [PMID: 38474254 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25053010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This systematic review addresses the use of Lactiplantibacillus (Lactobacillus) plantarum in the symptomatological intervention of neurodegenerative disease. The existence of gut microbiota dysbiosis has been associated with systemic inflammatory processes present in neurodegenerative disease, creating the opportunity for new treatment strategies. This involves modifying the strains that constitute the gut microbiota to enhance synaptic function through the gut-brain axis. Recent studies have evaluated the beneficial effects of the use of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum on motor and cognitive symptomatology, alone or in combination. This systematic review includes 20 research articles (n = 3 in human and n = 17 in animal models). The main result of this research was that the use of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum alone or in combination produced improvements in symptomatology related to neurodegenerative disease. However, one of the studies included reported negative effects after the administration of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum. This systematic review provides current and relevant information about the use of this probiotic in pathologies that present neurodegenerative processes such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and Multiple Sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manuel Reiriz
- Psychology Department, School of Life and Nature Sciences, Nebrija University, 28240 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Uceda
- Psychology Department, School of Life and Nature Sciences, Nebrija University, 28240 Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor Echeverry-Alzate
- Psychology Department, School of Life and Nature Sciences, Nebrija University, 28240 Madrid, Spain
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Zang C, Liu H, Ning J, Chen Q, Jiang Y, Shang M, Yang Y, Ma J, Dong Y, Wang J, Li F, Bao X, Zhang D. Emerging role and mechanism of HACE1 in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases: A promising target. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 172:116204. [PMID: 38364733 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
HACE1 is a member of the HECT domain-containing E3 ligases with 909 amino acid residues, containing N-terminal ankyrin-repeats (ANK) and C-terminal HECT domain. Previously, it was shown that HACE1 is inactive in human tumors and plays a crucial role in the initiation, progression, and invasion of malignant tumors. Recent studies indicated that HACE1 might be closely involved in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease. HACE1 interacts with its substrates, including Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR), and optineurin (OPTN), through which participates in several pathophysiological processes, such as oxidative stress, autophagy and inflammation. Therefore, in this review, we elaborately describe the essential substrates of HACE1 and illuminate the pathophysiological processes by which HACE1 is involved in neurodegenerative diseases. We provide a new molecular target for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caixia Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Hui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Jingwen Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Qiuzhu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Yueqi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Meiyu Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Jingwei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Yirong Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Jinrong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Fangfang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Xiuqi Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Dan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, PR China.
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Onkar A, Khan F, Goenka A, Rajendran RL, Dmello C, Hong CM, Mubin N, Gangadaran P, Ahn BC. Smart Nanoscale Extracellular Vesicles in the Brain: Unveiling their Biology, Diagnostic Potential, and Therapeutic Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:6709-6742. [PMID: 38315446 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Information exchange is essential for the brain, where it communicates the physiological and pathological signals to the periphery and vice versa. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of membrane-bound cellular informants actively transferring informative calls to and from the brain via lipids, proteins, and nucleic acid cargos. In recent years, EVs have also been widely used to understand brain function, given their "cell-like" properties. On the one hand, the presence of neuron and astrocyte-derived EVs in biological fluids have been exploited as biomarkers to understand the mechanisms and progression of multiple neurological disorders; on the other, EVs have been used in designing targeted therapies due to their potential to cross the blood-brain-barrier (BBB). Despite the expanding literature on EVs in the context of central nervous system (CNS) physiology and related disorders, a comprehensive compilation of the existing knowledge still needs to be made available. In the current review, we provide a detailed insight into the multifaceted role of brain-derived extracellular vesicles (BDEVs) in the intricate regulation of brain physiology. Our focus extends to the significance of these EVs in a spectrum of disorders, including brain tumors, neurodegenerative conditions, neuropsychiatric diseases, autoimmune disorders, and others. Throughout the review, parallels are drawn for using EVs as biomarkers for various disorders, evaluating their utility in early detection and monitoring. Additionally, we discuss the promising prospects of utilizing EVs in targeted therapy while acknowledging the existing limitations and challenges associated with their applications in clinical scenarios. A foundational comprehension of the current state-of-the-art in EV research is essential for informing the design of future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Onkar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Fatima Khan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Anshika Goenka
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Ramya Lakshmi Rajendran
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Crismita Dmello
- Department of Neurological Surgery and Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Chae Moon Hong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Nida Mubin
- Department of Medicine, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Prakash Gangadaran
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Cheol Ahn
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
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11
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Al Sharie S, Varga SJ, Al-Husinat L, Sarzi-Puttini P, Araydah M, Bal’awi BR, Varrassi G. Unraveling the Complex Web of Fibromyalgia: A Narrative Review. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:272. [PMID: 38399559 PMCID: PMC10890445 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60020272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Fibromyalgia is a complex and often misunderstood chronic pain disorder. It is characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, and heightened sensitivity, and has evolved in diagnostic criteria and understanding over the years. Initially met with skepticism, fibromyalgia is now recognized as a global health concern affecting millions of people, with a prevalence transcending demographic boundaries. The clinical features and diagnosis of fibromyalgia encompass a range of symptoms beyond pain, including sleep disturbances and cognitive difficulties. This study emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive evaluation for accurate diagnosis, considering the shift from tender point reliance to a more holistic approach. Etiology and pathophysiology involve genetic predisposition, neurotransmitter dysregulation, central sensitization, and immune system involvement. Risk factors such as gender, age, family history, and comorbid conditions contribute to susceptibility. The impact on quality of life is profound, affecting physical and social aspects, often accompanied by mood disorders. Management approaches include pharmacological interventions, non-pharmacological therapies, lifestyle modifications, and alternative treatments. This study also delves into emerging research, exploring advances in neurobiological understanding, brain imaging, genetic markers, glutamate modulation, cannabinoids, gut microbiome, and digital health tools for fibromyalgia management. Overall, this study provides a nuanced and up-to-date overview of the complexities surrounding fibromyalgia, aiming to enhance understanding and support for individuals grappling with this challenging condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Al Sharie
- Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid 21163, Jordan
| | - Scott J. Varga
- Department of Neurology, OhioHealth Mansfield General Hospital, Mansfield, OH 44903, USA;
| | - Lou’i Al-Husinat
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid 21163, Jordan;
| | - Piercarlo Sarzi-Puttini
- Rheumatology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, University School of Medicine, 20157 Milan, Italy;
| | - Mohammad Araydah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Istishari Hospital, Amman 11942, Jordan;
| | - Batool Riyad Bal’awi
- Department of Family Medicine, Jordan Royal Medical Services, Amman 11855, Jordan;
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Duranti E, Cordani N, Villa C. Edaravone: A Novel Possible Drug for Cancer Treatment? Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1633. [PMID: 38338912 PMCID: PMC10855093 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite significant advancements in understanding the causes and progression of tumors, cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide. In light of advances in cancer therapy, there has been a growing interest in drug repurposing, which involves exploring new uses for medications that are already approved for clinical use. One such medication is edaravone, which is currently used to manage patients with cerebral infarction and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, edaravone has also been investigated for its potential activities in treating cancer, notably as an anti-proliferative and cytoprotective drug against side effects induced by traditional cancer therapies. This comprehensive review aims to provide updates on the various applications of edaravone in cancer therapy. It explores its potential as a standalone antitumor drug, either used alone or in combination with other medications, as well as its role as an adjuvant to mitigate the side effects of conventional anticancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chiara Villa
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (E.D.); (N.C.)
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Samanta S, Chakraborty S, Bagchi D. Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Protective Role of Natural Bioactive Components. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN NUTRITION ASSOCIATION 2024; 43:20-32. [PMID: 37186678 DOI: 10.1080/27697061.2023.2203235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are a serious problem throughout the world. There are several causes of neurodegenerative diseases; these include genetic predisposition, accumulation of misfolded proteins, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and excitotoxicity. Oxidative stress increases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that advance lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, and neuroinflammation. The cellular antioxidant system (superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, and reduced glutathione) plays a crucial role in scavenging free radicals. An imbalance in the defensive actions of antioxidants and overproduction of ROS intensify neurodegeneration. The formation of misfolded proteins, glutamate toxicity, oxidative stress, and cytokine imbalance promote the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Antioxidants are now attractive molecules to fight against neurodegeneration. Certain vitamins (A, E, C) and polyphenolic compounds (flavonoids) show excellent antioxidant properties. Diet is the major source of antioxidants. However, diet medicinal herbs are also rich sources of numerous flavonoids. Antioxidants prevent ROS-mediated neuronal degeneration in post-oxidative stress conditions. The present review is focused on the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases and the protective role of antioxidants. KEY TEACHING POINTSThis review shows that multiple factors are directly or indirectly associated with the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases.Failure to cellular antioxidant capacity increases oxidative stress that intensifies neuroinflammation and disease progression.Different vitamins, carotenoids, and flavonoids, having antioxidant capacity, can be considered protective agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saptadip Samanta
- Department of Physiology, Midnapore College, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Sanjoy Chakraborty
- Department of Biological Sciences, New York City College of Technology/CUNY, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Debasis Bagchi
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Adelphi University, Garden City, New York, USA
- Department of Psychology, Gordon F. Derner School of Psychology, Adelphi University, Garden City, New York, USA
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14
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Manjari SKV, Abraham SM, Poornima R, Chaturvedi RK, Maity S, Komal P. Unprecedented effect of vitamin D3 on T-cell receptor beta subunit and alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor expression in a 3-nitropropionic acid induced mouse model of Huntington's disease. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2023; 15:116-125. [PMID: 38204575 PMCID: PMC10776327 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2023.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction 3-NP induction in rodent models has been shown to induce selective neurodegeneration in the striatum followed by the cortex (Brouillet, 2014). However, it remains unclear whether, under such a neurotoxic condition, characterized by neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, the gene expression of the immune resident protein, T-cell receptor beta subunit (TCR-β), α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAChRs), the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6), and antioxidants (Cat and GpX4) get modulated on Vitamin D3 (VD) supplementation in the central nervous system. Methods In the present study, real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to study the expression of respective genes. Male C57BL/6 mice (8-12 weeks) were divided into four groups namely, Group I: Control (saline); Group II: 3-NP induction via i.p (HD); Group III: Vitamin D3 (VD) and Group IV: (HD + VD) (Manjari et al., 2022). Results On administration of 500IU/kg/day of VD, HD mice showed a significant reduction in the gene expression of the immune receptor, TCR-β subunit, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), inflammatory cytokines, and key antioxidants, followed by a decrease in the acetylcholinesterase activity. Conclusion A novel neuroprotective effect of VD in HD is demonstrated by combating the immune receptor, TCR-β gene expression, antioxidant markers, and inflammatory cytokines. In addition, HD mice on VD administration for 0-15 days showed an enhancement in cholinergic signaling with restoration in α7 nAChRs mRNA and protein expression in the striatum and cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- SKV Manjari
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Sciences (BITS)-Pilani (Hyderabad Campus), Shameerpet-Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India
| | - Sharon Mariam Abraham
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Sciences (BITS)-Pilani (Hyderabad Campus), Shameerpet-Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India
| | - R. Poornima
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Sciences (BITS)-Pilani (Hyderabad Campus), Shameerpet-Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India
| | - Rajneesh Kumar Chaturvedi
- Department of Toxicology and health assessment, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg P.O. Box No. 80, Lucknow 226 001 Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shuvadeep Maity
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Sciences (BITS)-Pilani (Hyderabad Campus), Shameerpet-Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India
| | - Pragya Komal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Sciences (BITS)-Pilani (Hyderabad Campus), Shameerpet-Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India
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Menéndez-Valle I, Cachán-Vega C, Boga JA, González-Blanco L, Antuña E, Potes Y, Caballero B, Vega-Naredo I, Saiz P, Bobes J, García-Portilla P, Coto-Montes A. Differential Cellular Interactome in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder-Discriminatory Biomarker Role. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1948. [PMID: 38001801 PMCID: PMC10669042 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12111948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SCH) and bipolar disorder (BD) are two of the most important psychiatric pathologies due to their high population incidence and disabling power, but they also present, mainly in their debut, high clinical similarities that make their discrimination difficult. In this work, the differential oxidative stress, present in both disorders, is shown as a concatenator of the systemic alterations-both plasma and erythrocyte, and even at the level of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC)-in which, for the first time, the different affectations that both disorders cause at the level of the cellular interactome were observed. A marked erythrocyte antioxidant imbalance only present in SCH generalizes to oxidative damage at the plasma level and shows a clear impact on cellular involvement. From the alteration of protein synthesis to the induction of death by apoptosis, including proteasomal damage, mitochondrial imbalance, and autophagic alteration, all the data show a greater cellular affectation in SCH than in BD, which could be linked to increased oxidative stress. Thus, patients with SCH in our study show increased endoplasmic reticulum (ER)stress that induces increased proteasomal activity and a multifactorial response to misfolded proteins (UPR), which, together with altered mitochondrial activity, generating free radicals and leading to insufficient energy production, is associated with defective autophagy and ultimately leads the cell to a high apoptotic predisposition. In BD, however, oxidative damage is much milder and without significant activation of survival mechanisms or inhibition of apoptosis. These clear differences identified at the molecular and cellular level between the two disorders, resulting from progressive afflictions in which oxidative stress can be both a cause and a consequence, significantly improve the understanding of both disorders to date and are essential for the development of targeted and preventive treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Menéndez-Valle
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Av. del Hospital Universitario, s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Neurociencias (INEUROPA), University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería, s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA), Av. del Hospital Universitario, s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Cristina Cachán-Vega
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Av. del Hospital Universitario, s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Neurociencias (INEUROPA), University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería, s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería, s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - José Antonio Boga
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Av. del Hospital Universitario, s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Neurociencias (INEUROPA), University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería, s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA), Av. del Hospital Universitario, s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Laura González-Blanco
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Av. del Hospital Universitario, s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Servicio Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario (SERIDA), Ctra. AS-267, 33300 Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
| | - Eduardo Antuña
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Av. del Hospital Universitario, s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Neurociencias (INEUROPA), University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería, s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería, s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Yaiza Potes
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Av. del Hospital Universitario, s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Neurociencias (INEUROPA), University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería, s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería, s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Beatriz Caballero
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Av. del Hospital Universitario, s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Neurociencias (INEUROPA), University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería, s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería, s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Ignacio Vega-Naredo
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Av. del Hospital Universitario, s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Neurociencias (INEUROPA), University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería, s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería, s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Pilar Saiz
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Av. del Hospital Universitario, s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Neurociencias (INEUROPA), University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería, s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Departament of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería, s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Julio Bobes
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Av. del Hospital Universitario, s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Neurociencias (INEUROPA), University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería, s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Departament of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería, s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Paz García-Portilla
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Av. del Hospital Universitario, s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Neurociencias (INEUROPA), University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería, s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Departament of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería, s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Ana Coto-Montes
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Av. del Hospital Universitario, s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Neurociencias (INEUROPA), University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería, s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería, s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
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Coşkunsever D, Olukman M, Jannini E, Sansone A, Varrassi G. Effect of Angiotensin 1-7 Peptide Agonist AVE 0991 on Diabetic Endothelial Dysfunction in an Experimental Animal Model: A Possible Tool to Treat Diabetic Erectile Dysfunction. Cureus 2023; 15:e48770. [PMID: 38098900 PMCID: PMC10719545 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.48770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The renin-angiotensin system and its metabolites are crucial in the pathogenesis and progression of complications of diabetes. Aim In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of angiotensin 1-7 non-peptide agonist AVE 0991 (576 ug/kg/day i.p.) on diabetic endothelial dysfunction. Materials and methods In this experimental animal study, we investigated the effects of angiotensin 1-7 non-peptide agonist AVE 0991 (576 ug/kg/day i.p.) treatment in male Wistar rats. Diabetes was created via injecting streptozotocin (55 mg/kg/i.p., single dose). Following the cavernous tissue submaximal phenylephrine contraction, relaxation responses were obtained by applying electrical field stimulation (0.5 ms, 40 V) for 15 seconds at 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, and 64 Hz, with two-minute intervals, respectively. To evaluate the effect of nitric oxide, the responses were compared by incubating with 100 mM N(gamma)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) for 20 minutes. Additionally, Y-27632 and sodium nitroprusside responses were evaluated in tissues contracted with submaximal doses of phenylephrine. Results Following a submaximal contraction of phenylephrine in the aorta rings, relaxation responses obtained with acetylcholine, sodium nitroprusside, and Y-27632 were impaired in diabetic rats; however, significant results were obtained with treatment. Although there was no significance between the groups in the electrical field stimulation responses, there was a significant dose-dependent difference in the treatment group in this parameter after L-NAME, sodium nitroprusside, and Y-27632 relaxation. Conclusions We determined that treatment with a non-peptide receptor antagonist of angiotensin 1-7, an enzyme detected in the aortic and cavernosum endothelium, may be a promising alternative for treating the complications of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Andrea Sansone
- Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, ITA
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17
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Kushwaha A, Agarwal V. Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum-sensing molecule N-(3-oxododecanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone mediates Ca +2 dysregulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21462. [PMID: 38027911 PMCID: PMC10660034 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
N-(3-oxododecanoyl)-l-homoserine lactone is a Pseudomonas aeruginosa secreted quorum-sensing molecule that mediates the secretion of virulence factors, biofilm formation and plays a pivotal role in proliferation and persistence in the host. Apart from regulating quorum-sensing, the autoinducer signal molecule N-(3-oxododecanoyl)-l-homoserine lactone (3O-C12-HSL or C12) of a LasI-LasR circuit exhibits immunomodulatory effects and induces apoptosis in various host cells. However, the precise pathophysiological impact of C12 on human peripheral blood lymphocytes and its involvement in mitochondrial dysfunction remained largely elusive. In this study, the results suggest that C12 (100 μM) induces upregulation of cytosolic and mitochondrial Ca+2 levels and triggers mitochondrial dysfunction through the generation of mitochondrial ROS (mROS), disruption of mitochondrial transmembrane potential (ΔΨm), and opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP). Additionally, it was observed that C12 induces phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure and promotes apoptosis in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. However, apoptosis plays a critical role in the homeostasis and development of lymphocytes, whereas enhanced apoptosis can cause immunodeficiency through cell loss. These findings suggest that C12 exerts a detrimental effect on lymphocytes by mediating mitochondrial dysfunction and enhancing apoptosis, which might further impair the effective mounting of immune responses during Pseudomonas aeruginosa-associated infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Kushwaha
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, 211004, India
| | - Vishnu Agarwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, 211004, India
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18
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Wang J, Zhang X, Yu J, Du J, Wu X, Chen L, Wang R, Wu Y, Li Y. Constituents of the fruits of Rubus chingii Hu and their neuroprotective effects on human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Food Res Int 2023; 173:113255. [PMID: 37803568 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Rubi fructus (Rubus chingii Hu) is a fruit of Rubus genus and is used in medicine and food applications. In this study, eight new phenylpropanoids (1-8) and seven known compounds (9-15) were isolated from the dried fruits of Rubus chingii Hu, and their structures were characterized through high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Electronic circular dichroism (ECD) experiments were performed, and the results were compared with ECD spectra. Compound 3 was characterized through extensive single crystal X-ray diffraction. Evaluation of the neuroprotective pharmacological activities revealed that compounds 6, 7, 9, and 14 exerted protective effects against H2O2-induced neurotoxicity by reducing the reactive oxygen species levels at concentrations of 50 and 100 μM. Moreover, the three compounds 6, 9, and 14 significantly inhibited the expression of the Casp3 gene at a concentration of 50 μM. Compounds 7 and 9 effectively repressed the expression of the MYC gene. Compounds 6 and 9 obviously upregulated the ratio of Bcl2/Bax in SH-SY5Y cells and inhibited cell apoptosis. The study results can be used as a reference for the development of R. chingii products to realize their neuroprotective functions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Amway (Shanghai) Innovation & Science Co., Ltd. Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jundong Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jun Du
- Amway (Shanghai) Innovation & Science Co., Ltd. Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaohong Wu
- Amway (China) Botanical R&D Center Co., Ltd., Wuxi 214200, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Amway (Shanghai) Innovation & Science Co., Ltd. Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Yingchun Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Yiming Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Rajabian A, McCloskey AP, Jamialahmadi T, Moallem SA, Sahebkar A. A review on the efficacy and safety of lipid-lowering drugs in neurodegenerative disease. Rev Neurosci 2023; 34:801-824. [PMID: 37036894 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2023-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
There is a train of thought that lipid therapies may delay or limit the impact of neuronal loss and poor patient outcomes of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). A variety of medicines including lipid lowering modifiers (LLMs) are prescribed in NDDs. This paper summarizes the findings of clinical and observational trials including systematic reviews and meta-analyses relating to LLM use in NDDs published in the last 15 years thus providing an up-to-date evidence pool. Three databases were searched PubMed, CINAHL, and Web of Science using key terms relating to the review question. The findings confirm the benefit of LLMs in hyperlipidemic patients with or without cardiovascular risk factors due to their pleotropic effects. In NDDs LLMs are proposed to delay disease onset and slow the rate of progression. Clinical observations show that LLMs protect neurons from α-synuclein, tau, and Aβ toxicity, activation of inflammatory processes, and ultimately oxidative injury. Moreover, current meta-analyses and clinical trials indicated low rates of adverse events with LLMs when used as monotherapy. LLMs appear to have favorable safety and tolerability profiles with few patients stopping treatment due to severe adverse effects. Our collated evidence thus concludes that LLMs have a role in NDDs but further work is needed to understand the exact mechanism of action and reach more robust conclusions on where and when it is appropriate to use LLMs in NDDs in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Rajabian
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alice P McCloskey
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Adel Moallem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Zahraa University for Women, Karbala, Iraq
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Wang K, Mao W, Song X, Chen M, Feng W, Peng B, Chen Y. Reactive X (where X = O, N, S, C, Cl, Br, and I) species nanomedicine. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:6957-7035. [PMID: 37743750 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00435f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, carbonyl, chlorine, bromine, and iodine species (RXS, where X = O, N, S, C, Cl, Br, and I) have important roles in various normal physiological processes and act as essential regulators of cell metabolism; their inherent biological activities govern cell signaling, immune balance, and tissue homeostasis. However, an imbalance between RXS production and consumption will induce the occurrence and development of various diseases. Due to the considerable progress of nanomedicine, a variety of nanosystems that can regulate RXS has been rationally designed and engineered for restoring RXS balance to halt the pathological processes of different diseases. The invention of radical-regulating nanomaterials creates the possibility of intriguing projects for disease treatment and promotes advances in nanomedicine. In this comprehensive review, we summarize, discuss, and highlight very-recent advances in RXS-based nanomedicine for versatile disease treatments. This review particularly focuses on the types and pathological effects of these reactive species and explores the biological effects of RXS-based nanomaterials, accompanied by a discussion and the outlook of the challenges faced and future clinical translations of RXS nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyi Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China.
| | - Weipu Mao
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Xinran Song
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Wei Feng
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Bo Peng
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China.
| | - Yu Chen
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
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21
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Wang G, Du J, Ma J, Liu P, Xing S, Xia J, Dong S, Li Z. Discovery of Novel Tryptanthrin Derivatives with Benzenesulfonamide Substituents as Multi-Target-Directed Ligands for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1468. [PMID: 37895939 PMCID: PMC10610214 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on the multi-target-directed ligands (MTDLs) approach, two series of tryptanthrin derivatives with benzenesulfonamide substituents were evaluated as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In vitro biological assays indicated most of the derivatives had good cholinesterase inhibitory activity and neuroprotective properties. Among them, the target compound 4h was considered as a mixed reversible dual inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE, IC50 = 0.13 ± 0.04 μM) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE, IC50 = 6.11 ± 0.15 μM). And it could also potentially prevent the generation of amyloid plaques by inhibiting self-induced Aβ aggregation (63.16 ± 2.33%). Molecular docking studies were used to explore the interactions of AChE, BuChE, and Aβ. Furthermore, possessing significant anti-neuroinflammatory potency (NO, IL-1β, TNF-α; IC50 = 0.62 ± 0.07 μM, 1.78 ± 0.21 μM, 1.31 ± 0.28 μM, respectively) reduced ROS production, and chelated biometals were also found in compound 4h. Further studies showed that 4h had proper blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and suitable in vitro metabolic stability. In in vivo study, 4h effectively ameliorated the learning and memory impairment of the scopolamine-induced AD mice model. These findings suggested that 4h may be a promising compound for further development as a multifunctional agent for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxing Wang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; (G.W.); (J.D.); (P.L.); (S.X.); (J.X.); (S.D.)
- Anhui BioX-Vision Biological Technology Co., Ltd., Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jiyu Du
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; (G.W.); (J.D.); (P.L.); (S.X.); (J.X.); (S.D.)
| | - Jie Ma
- Neurosurgery, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China;
| | - Peipei Liu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; (G.W.); (J.D.); (P.L.); (S.X.); (J.X.); (S.D.)
- Anhui BioX-Vision Biological Technology Co., Ltd., Hefei 230032, China
| | - Siqi Xing
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; (G.W.); (J.D.); (P.L.); (S.X.); (J.X.); (S.D.)
| | - Jucheng Xia
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; (G.W.); (J.D.); (P.L.); (S.X.); (J.X.); (S.D.)
| | - Shuanghong Dong
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; (G.W.); (J.D.); (P.L.); (S.X.); (J.X.); (S.D.)
| | - Zeng Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; (G.W.); (J.D.); (P.L.); (S.X.); (J.X.); (S.D.)
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22
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Hernández-Ayala LF, Guzmán-López EG, Galano A. Quinoline Derivatives: Promising Antioxidants with Neuroprotective Potential. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1853. [PMID: 37891932 PMCID: PMC10604020 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Quinoline has been proposed as a privileged molecular framework in medicinal chemistry. Although by itself it has very few applications, its derivatives have diverse biological activities. In this work, 8536 quinoline derivatives, strategically designed using the CADMA-Chem protocol, are presented. This large chemical space was sampled, analyzed and reduced using selection and elimination scores that combine their properties of bioavailability, toxicity and manufacturability. After applying several filters, 25 derivatives were selected to investigate their acid-base, antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. The antioxidant activity was predicted based on the ionization potential and bond dissociation energies, parameters directly related to the transfer of hydrogen atoms and of a single electron, respectively. These two mechanisms are typically involved in the radical scavenging processes. The antioxidant efficiency was compared with reference compounds, and the most promising antioxidants were found to be more efficient than Trolox but less efficient than ascorbate. In addition, based on molecular docking simulations, some derivatives are expected to act as inhibitors of catechol-O methyltransferase (COMT), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and monoamine oxidase type B (MAO-B) enzymes. Some structural insights about the compounds were found to enhance or decrease the neuroprotection activity. Based on the results, four quinoline derivatives are proposed as candidates to act as multifunctional antioxidants against Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's (PD) diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Annia Galano
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. Ferrocarril San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Leyes de Reforma 1A Sección, Alcaldía Iztapalapa, México City 09310, Mexico; (L.F.H.-A.); (E.G.G.-L.)
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23
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Kamrani-Sharif R, Hayes AW, Gholami M, Salehirad M, Allahverdikhani M, Motaghinejad M, Emanuele E. Oxytocin as neuro-hormone and neuro-regulator exert neuroprotective properties: A mechanistic graphical review. Neuropeptides 2023; 101:102352. [PMID: 37354708 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2023.102352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurodegeneration is progressive cell loss in specific neuronal populations, often resulting in clinical consequences with significant medical, societal, and economic implications. Because of its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties, oxytocin has been proposed as a potential neuroprotective and neurobehavioral therapeutic agent, including modulating mood disturbances and cognitive enchantment. METHODS Literature searches were conducted using the following databases Web of Science, PubMed, Elsevier Science Direct, Google Scholar, the Core Collection, and Cochrane from January 2000 to February 2023 for articles dealing with oxytocin neuroprotective properties in preventing or treating neurodegenerative disorders and diseases with a focus on oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis/cell death. RESULTS The neuroprotective effects of oxytocin appears to be mediated by its anti-inflammatory properties, inhibition of neuro inflammation, activation of several antioxidant enzymes, inhibition of oxidative stress and free radical formation, activation of free radical scavengers, prevent of mitochondrial dysfunction, and inhibition of apoptosis. CONCLUSION Oxytocin acts as a neuroprotective agent by preventing neuro-apoptosis, neuro-inflammation, and neuronal oxidative stress, and by restoring mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Kamrani-Sharif
- Chronic Respiratory Disease Research Center (CRDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Wallace Hayes
- University of South Florida College of Public Health, Tampa, FL, USA; Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Mina Gholami
- Chronic Respiratory Disease Research Center (CRDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Salehirad
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Amir-Almomenin Hospital, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Allahverdikhani
- Chronic Respiratory Disease Research Center (CRDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Motaghinejad
- Chronic Respiratory Disease Research Center (CRDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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24
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Feng J, Zheng Y, Guo M, Ares I, Martínez M, Lopez-Torres B, Martínez-Larrañaga MR, Wang X, Anadón A, Martínez MA. Oxidative stress, the blood-brain barrier and neurodegenerative diseases: The critical beneficial role of dietary antioxidants. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:3988-4024. [PMID: 37799389 PMCID: PMC10547923 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, growing awareness of the role of oxidative stress in brain health has prompted antioxidants, especially dietary antioxidants, to receive growing attention as possible treatments strategies for patients with neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). The most widely studied dietary antioxidants include active substances such as vitamins, carotenoids, flavonoids and polyphenols. Dietary antioxidants are found in usually consumed foods such as fresh fruits, vegetables, nuts and oils and are gaining popularity due to recently growing awareness of their potential for preventive and protective agents against NDs, as well as their abundant natural sources, generally non-toxic nature, and ease of long-term consumption. This review article examines the role of oxidative stress in the development of NDs, explores the 'two-sidedness' of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) as a protective barrier to the nervous system and an impeding barrier to the use of antioxidants as drug medicinal products and/or dietary antioxidants supplements for prevention and therapy and reviews the BBB permeability of common dietary antioxidant suplements and their potential efficacy in the prevention and treatment of NDs. Finally, current challenges and future directions for the prevention and treatment of NDs using dietary antioxidants are discussed, and useful information on the prevention and treatment of NDs is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Feng
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Youle Zheng
- MAO Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Mingyue Guo
- MAO Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Irma Ares
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), And Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Marta Martínez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), And Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Bernardo Lopez-Torres
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), And Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - María-Rosa Martínez-Larrañaga
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), And Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Xu Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), And Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Arturo Anadón
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), And Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - María-Aránzazu Martínez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), And Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid 28040, Spain
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25
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Soliman AM, Ghorab WM, Lotfy DM, Karam HM, Ghorab MM, Ramadan LA. Novel iodoquinazolinones bearing sulfonamide moiety as potential antioxidants and neuroprotectors. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15546. [PMID: 37730974 PMCID: PMC10511408 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42239-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In a search for new antioxidants, a set of new iodoquinazolinone derivatives bearing benzenesulfonamide moiety and variable acetamide pharmacophores 5-17 were designed and synthesized. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed based on spectral data. Compounds 5-17 were screened using in vitro assay for their antioxidant potential and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity. The 2-(6-iodo-4-oxo-3-(4-sulfamoylphenyl)-3,4-dihydroquinazolin-2-ylthio)-N-(pyrazin-2-yl) acetamide 14 was the most active scaffold with potent AChE inhibitory activity. Compound 14 showed relative safety with a median lethal dose of 300 mg/kg (LD50 = 300 mg/kg), in an acute toxicity study. The possible antioxidant and neuroprotective activities of 14 were evaluated in irradiated mice. Compound 14 possessed in vivo AChE inhibitory activity and was able to modify the brain neurotransmitters. It was able to cause mitigation of gamma radiation-induced oxidative stress verified by the decline in Myeloperoxidase (MPO) and increase of glutathione (GSH) levels. Also, 14 restored the alterations in behavioral tests. Molecular docking of 14 was performed inside MPO and AChE active sites and showed the same binding interactions as that of the co-crystallized ligands considering the binding possibilities and energy scores. These findings would support that 14 could be considered a promising antioxidant with a neuromodulatory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiten M Soliman
- Drug Chemistry Laboratory, Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, 11787, Egypt
| | - Walid M Ghorab
- Drug Chemistry Laboratory, Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, 11787, Egypt
| | - Dina M Lotfy
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, 11787, Egypt
| | - Heba M Karam
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, 11787, Egypt
| | - Mostafa M Ghorab
- Drug Chemistry Laboratory, Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, 11787, Egypt.
| | - Laila A Ramadan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo-Suez Road, Badr City, Cairo, 11829, Egypt
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26
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Apiraksattayakul S, Pingaew R, Leechaisit R, Prachayasittikul V, Ruankham W, Songtawee N, Tantimongcolwat T, Ruchirawat S, Prachayasittikul V, Prachayasittikul S, Phopin K. Aminochalcones Attenuate Neuronal Cell Death under Oxidative Damage via Sirtuin 1 Activity. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:33367-33379. [PMID: 37744807 PMCID: PMC10515382 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Encouraged by the lack of effective treatments and the dramatic growth in the global prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases along with various pharmacological properties of chalcone pharmacophores, this study focused on the development of aminochalcone-based compounds, organic molecules characterized by a chalcone backbone (consisting of two aromatic rings connected by a three-carbon α,β-unsaturated carbonyl system) with an amino group attached to one of the aromatic rings, as potential neuroprotective agents. Thus, the aminochalcone-based compounds in this study were designed by bearing a -OCH3 moiety at different positions on the ring and synthesized by the Claisen-Schmidt condensation. The compounds exhibited strong neuroprotective effects against hydrogen peroxide-induced neuronal death in the human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cell line (i.e., by improving cell survival, reducing reactive oxygen species production, maintaining mitochondrial function, and preventing cell membrane damage). The aminochalcone-based compounds showed mild toxicity toward a normal embryonic lung cell line (MRC-5) and a human neuroblastoma cell line, and were predicted to have preferable pharmacokinetic profiles with potential for oral administration. Molecular docking simulation indicated that the studied aminochalcones may act as competitive activators of the well-known protective protein, SIRT1, and provided beneficial knowledge regarding the essential key chemical moieties and interacting amino acid residues. Collectively, this work provides a series of four promising candidate agents that could be developed for neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Setthawut Apiraksattayakul
- Center
for Research Innovation and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical
Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Ratchanok Pingaew
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot
University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Ronnakorn Leechaisit
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot
University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Veda Prachayasittikul
- Center
for Research Innovation and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical
Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Waralee Ruankham
- Center
for Research Innovation and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical
Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Napat Songtawee
- Department
of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Tanawut Tantimongcolwat
- Center
for Research Innovation and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical
Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Somsak Ruchirawat
- Laboratory
of Medicinal Chemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, and Program
in Chemical Science, Chulabhorn Graduate
Institute, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
- Center of
Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Commission
on Higher Education, Ministry of Education, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Virapong Prachayasittikul
- Department
of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical
Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Supaluk Prachayasittikul
- Center
for Research Innovation and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical
Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Kamonrat Phopin
- Center
for Research Innovation and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical
Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
- Department
of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical
Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
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27
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May N, de Sousa Alves Neri JL, Clunas H, Shi J, Parkes E, Dongol A, Wang Z, Jimenez Naranjo C, Yu Y, Huang XF, Charlton K, Weston-Green K. Investigating the Therapeutic Potential of Plants and Plant-Based Medicines: Relevance to Antioxidant and Neuroprotective Effects. Nutrients 2023; 15:3912. [PMID: 37764696 PMCID: PMC10535096 DOI: 10.3390/nu15183912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a common characteristic of psychiatric, neurological, and neurodegenerative disorders. Therefore, compounds that are neuroprotective and reduce oxidative stress may be of interest as novel therapeutics. Phenolic, flavonoid and anthocyanin content, ORAC and DPPH free radical scavenging, and Cu2+ and Fe2+ chelating capacities were examined in variations (fresh/capsule) of Queen Garnet plum (QGP, Prunus salicina), black pepper (Piper nigrum) clove (Syzygium aromaticum), elderberry (Sambucus nigra), lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) and sage (Salvia officinalis), plus two blends (Astralagus membranaceus-lemon balm-rich, WC and R8). The ability of samples to prevent and treat H2O2-induced oxidative stress in SH-SY5Y cells was investigated. Pre-treatment with WC, elderberry, QGP, and clove prevented the oxidative stress-induced reduction in cell viability, demonstrating a neuroprotective effect. Elderberry increased cell viability following oxidative stress induction, demonstrating treatment effects. Clove had the highest phenolic and flavonoid content, DPPH, and Cu2+ chelating capacities, whereas QGP and elderberry were highest in anthocyanins. Black pepper had the highest ORAC and Fe2+ chelating capacity. These findings demonstrate that plant extracts can prevent and treat oxidative stress-induced apoptosis of neuron-like cells in vitro. Further research into phytochemicals as novel therapeutics for oxidative stress in the brain is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi May
- Molecular Horizons and School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Julianna Lys de Sousa Alves Neri
- Molecular Horizons and School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Helen Clunas
- Molecular Horizons and School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Australian Centre for Cannabinoid Clinical and Research Excellence, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Jiahua Shi
- Molecular Horizons and School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Ella Parkes
- Molecular Horizons and School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Anjila Dongol
- Molecular Horizons and School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Zhizhen Wang
- Molecular Horizons and School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Australian Centre for Cannabinoid Clinical and Research Excellence, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Carlos Jimenez Naranjo
- Molecular Horizons and School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Australian Centre for Cannabinoid Clinical and Research Excellence, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Yinghua Yu
- Molecular Horizons and School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Xu-Feng Huang
- Molecular Horizons and School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Australian Centre for Cannabinoid Clinical and Research Excellence, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Karen Charlton
- Molecular Horizons and School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Katrina Weston-Green
- Molecular Horizons and School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Australian Centre for Cannabinoid Clinical and Research Excellence, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
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28
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Clemente-Suárez VJ, Redondo-Flórez L, Beltrán-Velasco AI, Ramos-Campo DJ, Belinchón-deMiguel P, Martinez-Guardado I, Dalamitros AA, Yáñez-Sepúlveda R, Martín-Rodríguez A, Tornero-Aguilera JF. Mitochondria and Brain Disease: A Comprehensive Review of Pathological Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2488. [PMID: 37760929 PMCID: PMC10526226 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play a vital role in maintaining cellular energy homeostasis, regulating apoptosis, and controlling redox signaling. Dysfunction of mitochondria has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various brain diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, stroke, and psychiatric illnesses. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of the intricate relationship between mitochondria and brain disease, focusing on the underlying pathological mechanisms and exploring potential therapeutic opportunities. The review covers key topics such as mitochondrial DNA mutations, impaired oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial dynamics, calcium dysregulation, and reactive oxygen species generation in the context of brain disease. Additionally, it discusses emerging strategies targeting mitochondrial dysfunction, including mitochondrial protective agents, metabolic modulators, and gene therapy approaches. By critically analysing the existing literature and recent advancements, this review aims to enhance our understanding of the multifaceted role of mitochondria in brain disease and shed light on novel therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (V.J.C.-S.); (J.F.T.-A.)
- Group de Investigación en Cultura, Educación y Sociedad, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
| | - Laura Redondo-Flórez
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, C/Tajo s/n, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Isabel Beltrán-Velasco
- Psychology Department, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida y la Naturaleza, Universidad Antonio de Nebrija, 28240 Madrid, Spain
| | - Domingo Jesús Ramos-Campo
- LFE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Science-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Belinchón-deMiguel
- Department of Nursing and Nutrition, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain;
| | | | - Athanasios A. Dalamitros
- Laboratory of Evaluation of Human Biological Performance, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Rodrigo Yáñez-Sepúlveda
- Faculty of Education and Social Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile;
| | - Alexandra Martín-Rodríguez
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (V.J.C.-S.); (J.F.T.-A.)
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Pant A, Vasundhara M. Endophytic fungi: a potential source for drugs against central nervous system disorders. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:1479-1499. [PMID: 37165297 PMCID: PMC10485218 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-00997-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroprotection is one of the important protection methods against neuronal cells and tissue damage caused by neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's, and multiple sclerosis. Various bioactive compounds produced by medicinal plants can potentially treat central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Apart from these resources, endophytes also produce diverse secondary metabolites capable of protecting the CNS. The bioactive compounds produced by endophytes play essential roles in enhancing the growth factors, antioxidant defence functions, diminishing neuroinflammatory, and apoptotic pathways. The efficacy of compounds produced by endophytic fungi was also evaluated by enzymes, cell lines, and in vivo models. Acetylcholine esterase (AChE) inhibition is frequently used to assess in vitro neuroprotective activity along with cytotoxicity-induced neuronal cell lines. Some of drugs, such as tacrine, donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine, and other compounds, are generally used as reference standards. Furthermore, clinical trials are required to confirm the role of these natural compounds in neuroprotection efficacy and evaluate their safety profile. This review illustrates the production of various bioactive compounds produced by endophytic fungi and their role in preventing neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anushree Pant
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India
| | - M Vasundhara
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India.
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Liu S, Zhang Z, Shi S, Meng Y, Zhang X, Lei Q, Li Z. NREM sleep loss increases neurofilament light chain levels in APP/PS1 and C57BL/6 J mice. Sleep Breath 2023; 27:1495-1504. [PMID: 36205809 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-022-02719-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sleep disturbances exacerbate the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but disturbances of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep may have different effects. Neurofilament light chain (NfL), an axon-specific protein, is an indicator of the severity of neuronal apoptosis. To investigate whether or not NREM or REM sleep is crucial to neuronal survival, we examined the effects of induced NREM or REM sleep loss on NfL levels in APP/PS1 mice, a model of AD, and their wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 J littermates. METHODS At 6 months of age, WT mice and AD mice were equally divided into six groups, namely, the WT-normal sleep (S), WT-total sleep deprivation (TSD), WT-REM deprivation (RD), AD-S, AD-TSD and AD-RD groups, according to the type of sleep intervention applied. All mice underwent 6 days of sleep intervention. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma NfL levels were measured at baseline and on days 2, 4 and 6, and spatial memory was assessed in the Morris water maze (MWM) test. RESULTS Among the 18 WT and 18 AD mice, CSF and plasma NfL levels were higher in AD-TSD mice than in AD-S or AD-RD mice, while no significant difference was observed between the latter two groups. In AD-TSD mice, CSF and plasma NfL levels increased with the duration of sleep deprivation. A similar pattern of results was observed for the WT groups. CONCLUSIONS NREM sleep loss may increase CSF and plasma NfL levels in both WT and AD mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunjie Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Zhiying Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Shuangming Shi
- Department of Neurology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Yangyang Meng
- Department of Neurology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Qingfeng Lei
- Department of Neurology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Zhong Li
- Department of Neurology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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Shehata MK, Ismail AA, Kamel MA. Combined Donepezil with Astaxanthin via Nanostructured Lipid Carriers Effective Delivery to Brain for Alzheimer's Disease in Rat Model. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:4193-4227. [PMID: 37534058 PMCID: PMC10391537 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s417928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Donepezil (DPL), a specific acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, is used as a first-line treatment to improve cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and it might have a disease modifying effect. Astaxanthin (AST) is a natural potent antioxidant with neuroprotective, anti-amyloidogenic, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed to prepare nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) co-loaded with donepezil and astaxanthin (DPL/AST-NLCs) and evaluate their in vivo efficacy in an AD-like rat model 30 days after daily intranasal administration. Methods DPL/AST-NLCs were prepared using a hot high-shear homogenization technique, in vitro examined for their physicochemical parameters and in vivo evaluated. AD induction in rats was performed by aluminum chloride. The cortex and hippocampus were isolated from the brain of rats for biochemical testing and histopathological examination. Results DPL/AST-NLCs showed z-average diameter 149.9 ± 3.21 nm, polydispersity index 0.224 ± 0.017, zeta potential -33.7 ± 4.71 mV, entrapment efficiency 81.25 ±1.98% (donepezil) and 93.85 ±1.75% (astaxanthin), in vitro sustained release of both donepezil and astaxanthin for 24 h, spherical morphology by transmission electron microscopy, and they were stable at 4-8 ± 2°C for six months. Differential scanning calorimetry revealed that donepezil and astaxanthin were molecularly dispersed in the NLC matrix in an amorphous state. The DPL/AST-NLC-treated rats showed significantly lower levels of nuclear factor-kappa B, malondialdehyde, β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme-1, caspase-3, amyloid beta (Aβ1‑42), and acetylcholinesterase, and significantly higher levels of glutathione and acetylcholine in the cortex and hippocampus than the AD-like untreated rats and that treated with donepezil-NLCs. DPL/AST-NLCs showed significantly higher anti-amyloidogenic, antioxidant, anti-acetylcholinesterase, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects, resulting in significant improvement in the cortical and hippocampal histopathology. Conclusion Nose-to-brain delivery of DPL/AST-NLCs is a promising strategy for the management of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa K Shehata
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Assem A Ismail
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Maher A Kamel
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Da Silva IO, Crespo-Lopez ME, Augusto-Oliveira M, Arrifano GDP, Ramos-Nunes NR, Gomes EB, da Silva FRP, de Sousa AA, Leal ALAB, Damasceno HC, de Oliveira ACA, Souza-Monteiro JR. What We Know about Euterpe Genus and Neuroprotection: A Scoping Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:3189. [PMID: 37513607 PMCID: PMC10384735 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The Euterpe genus (mainly Euterpe oleracea Martius, Euterpe precatoria Martius, and Euterpe edulis Martius) has recently gained commercial and scientific notoriety due to the high nutritional value of its fruits, which are rich in polyphenols (phenolic acids and anthocyanins) and have potent antioxidant activity. These characteristics have contributed to the increased number of neuropharmacological evaluations of the three species over the last 10 years, especially açaí of the species Euterpe oleracea Martius. The fruits of the three species exert neuroprotective effects through the modulation of inflammatory and oxidative pathways and other mechanisms, including the inhibition of the mTOR pathway and protection of the blood-brain barrier, all of them intimately involved in several neuropathologies. Thus, a better understanding of the neuropharmacological properties of these three species may open new paths for the development of therapeutic tools aimed at preventing and treating a variety of neurological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilano Oliveira Da Silva
- Medicine College, Altamira Campus, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Altamira 68372-040, PA, Brazil
| | - Maria Elena Crespo-Lopez
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - Marcus Augusto-Oliveira
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - Gabriela de Paula Arrifano
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Elielton Barreto Gomes
- Medicine College, Altamira Campus, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Altamira 68372-040, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Aline Andrade de Sousa
- Medicine College, Altamira Campus, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Altamira 68372-040, PA, Brazil
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Costa I, Barbosa DJ, Silva V, Benfeito S, Borges F, Remião F, Silva R. Research Models to Study Ferroptosis's Impact in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051369. [PMID: 37242612 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a type of regulated cell death promoted by the appearance of oxidative perturbations in the intracellular microenvironment constitutively controlled by glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). It is characterized by increased production of reactive oxygen species, intracellular iron accumulation, lipid peroxidation, inhibition of system Xc-, glutathione depletion, and decreased GPX4 activity. Several pieces of evidence support the involvement of ferroptosis in distinct neurodegenerative diseases. In vitro and in vivo models allow a reliable transition to clinical studies. Several in vitro models, including differentiated SH-SY5Y and PC12 cells, among others, have been used to investigate the pathophysiological mechanisms of distinct neurodegenerative diseases, including ferroptosis. In addition, they can be useful in the development of potential ferroptosis inhibitors that can be used as disease-modifying drugs for the treatment of such diseases. On the other hand, in vivo models based on the manipulation of rodents and invertebrate animals, such as Drosophila melanogaster, Caenorhabditis elegans, and zebrafish, have been increasingly used for research in neurodegeneration. This work provides an up-to-date review of the main in vitro and in vivo models that can be used to evaluate ferroptosis in the most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases, and to explore potential new drug targets and novel drug candidates for effective disease-modifying therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Costa
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniel José Barbosa
- TOXRUN-Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Vera Silva
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- CIQUP-IMS-Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sofia Benfeito
- CIQUP-IMS-Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Borges
- CIQUP-IMS-Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Remião
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Renata Silva
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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Lim WQ, Michelle Luk KH, Lee KY, Nurul N, Loh SJ, Yeow ZX, Wong QX, Daniel Looi QH, Chong PP, How CW, Hamzah S, Foo JB. Small Extracellular Vesicles' miRNAs: Biomarkers and Therapeutics for Neurodegenerative Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041216. [PMID: 37111701 PMCID: PMC10143523 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are critical in the healthcare system as patients suffer from progressive diseases despite currently available drug management. Indeed, the growing ageing population will burden the country's healthcare system and the caretakers. Thus, there is a need for new management that could stop or reverse the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Stem cells possess a remarkable regenerative potential that has long been investigated to resolve these issues. Some breakthroughs have been achieved thus far to replace the damaged brain cells; however, the procedure's invasiveness has prompted scientists to investigate using stem-cell small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) as a non-invasive cell-free therapy to address the limitations of cell therapy. With the advancement of technology to understand the molecular changes of neurodegenerative diseases, efforts have been made to enrich stem cells' sEVs with miRNAs to increase the therapeutic efficacy of the sEVs. In this article, the pathophysiology of various neurodegenerative diseases is highlighted. The role of miRNAs from sEVs as biomarkers and treatments is also discussed. Lastly, the applications and delivery of stem cells and their miRNA-enriched sEVs for treating neurodegenerative diseases are emphasised and reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Qing Lim
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kie Hoon Michelle Luk
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kah Yee Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nasuha Nurul
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sin Jade Loh
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zhen Xiong Yeow
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Qi Xuan Wong
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Qi Hao Daniel Looi
- My CytoHealth Sdn. Bhd., Lab 6, DMC Level 2, Hive 5, Taman Teknologi MRANTI, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Pan Pan Chong
- National Orthopaedic Centre of Excellence for Research and Learning (NOCERAL), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Chee Wun How
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sharina Hamzah
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
- Medical Advancement for Better Quality of Life Impact Lab, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jhi Biau Foo
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
- Medical Advancement for Better Quality of Life Impact Lab, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
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Khalaf FK, Connolly J, Khatib-Shahidi B, Albehadili A, Tassavvor I, Ranabothu M, Eid N, Dube P, Khouri SJ, Malhotra D, Haller ST, Kennedy DJ. Paraoxonases at the Heart of Neurological Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24086881. [PMID: 37108044 PMCID: PMC10139148 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24086881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Paraoxonase enzymes serve as an important physiological redox system that participates in the protection against cellular injury caused by oxidative stress. The PON enzymes family consists of three members (PON-1, PON-2, and PON-3) that share a similar structure and location as a cluster on human chromosome 7. These enzymes exhibit anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties with well-described roles in preventing cardiovascular disease. Perturbations in PON enzyme levels and their activity have also been linked with the development and progression of many neurological disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. The current review summarizes the available evidence on the role of PONs in these diseases and their ability to modify risk factors for neurological disorders. We present the current findings on the role of PONs in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and other neurodegenerative and neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatimah K Khalaf
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Alkafeel College of Medicine, Najaf 54001, Iraq
| | - Jacob Connolly
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
| | - Bella Khatib-Shahidi
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
| | - Abdulsahib Albehadili
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
- Department of Computer Engineering Technology, College of Information Technology, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Najaf 54001, Iraq
| | - Iman Tassavvor
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
| | - Meghana Ranabothu
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
| | - Noha Eid
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
| | - Prabhatchandra Dube
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
| | - Samer J Khouri
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
| | - Deepak Malhotra
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
| | - Steven T Haller
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
| | - David J Kennedy
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
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Pilipović K, Jurišić Grubešić R, Dolenec P, Kučić N, Juretić L, Mršić-Pelčić J. Plant-Based Antioxidants for Prevention and Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases: Phytotherapeutic Potential of Laurus nobilis, Aronia melanocarpa, and Celastrol. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030746. [PMID: 36978994 PMCID: PMC10045087 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
With the progress of medicine, especially in the last century, life expectancy increased considerably. As a result, age-related diseases also increased, especially malignancies and degenerative diseases of the central nervous system. The incidence and prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases steadily increased over the years, but despite efforts to uncover the pathophysiological processes behind these conditions, they remain elusive. Among the many theories, oxidative stress was proposed to be involved in neurodegenerative processes and to play an important role in the morbidity and progression of various neurodegenerative disorders. Accordingly, a number of studies discovered the potential of natural plant constituents to have significant antioxidant activity. This review focused on several plant-based antioxidants that showed promising results in the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Laurus nobilis, Aronia melanocarpa, and celastrol, a chemical compound isolated from the root extracts of Tripterygium wilfordii and T. regelii, are all known to be rich in antioxidant polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Pilipović
- Department of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, HR-51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Renata Jurišić Grubešić
- Department of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, HR-51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Petra Dolenec
- Department of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, HR-51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Natalia Kučić
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, HR-51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Lea Juretić
- Department of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, HR-51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Jasenka Mršić-Pelčić
- Department of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, HR-51000 Rijeka, Croatia
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Amorphous System of Hesperetin and Piperine-Improvement of Apparent Solubility, Permeability, and Biological Activities. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054859. [PMID: 36902286 PMCID: PMC10002548 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The low bioaccessibility of hesperetin and piperine hampers their application as therapeutic agents. Piperine has the ability to improve the bioavailability of many compounds when co-administered. The aim of this paper was to prepare and characterize the amorphous dispersions of hesperetin and piperine, which could help to improve solubility and boost the bioavailability of both plant-origin active compounds. The amorphous systems were successfully obtained by means of ball milling, as confirmed by XRPD and DSC studies. What's more, the FT-IR-ATR study was used to investigate the presence of intermolecular interactions between the systems' components. Amorphization enhanced the dissolution rate as a supersaturation state was reached, as well as improving the apparent solubility of both compounds by 245-fold and 183-fold, respectively, for hesperetin and piperine. In the in vitro permeability studies simulating gastrointestinal tract and blood-brain barrier permeabilities, these increased by 775-fold and 257-fold for hesperetin, whereas they were 68-fold and 66-fold for piperine in the GIT and BBB PAMPA models, respectively. Enhanced solubility had an advantageous impact on antioxidant as well as anti-butyrylcholinesterase activities-the best system inhibited 90.62 ± 0.58% of DPPH radicals and 87.57 ± 1.02% butyrylcholinesterase activity. To sum up, amorphization considerably improved the dissolution rate, apparent solubility, permeability, and biological activities of hesperetin and piperine.
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The Vitamin D Receptor as a Potential Target for the Treatment of Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases Such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases: A Narrative Review. Cells 2023; 12:cells12040660. [PMID: 36831327 PMCID: PMC9954016 DOI: 10.3390/cells12040660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The vitamin D receptor (VDR) belongs to the nuclear receptor superfamily of transcription factors. The VDR is expressed in diverse brain regions and has been implicated in the neuroprotective, antiaging, prosurvival, and anti-inflammatory action of vitamin D. Accordingly, a relationship between vitamin D insufficiency and susceptibility to neurodegenerative diseases has been suggested. However, due to the multitargeted mechanisms of vitamin D and its often overlapping genomic and nongenomic effects, the role of the VDR in brain pathologies remains obscure. In this narrative review, we present progress in deciphering the molecular mechanism of nuclear VDR-mediated vitamin D effects on prosurvival and anti-inflammatory signaling pathway activity within the central nervous system. In line with the concept of the neurovascular unit in pathomechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases, a discussion of the role of the VDR in regulating the immune and vascular brain systems is also included. Next, we discuss the results of preclinical and clinical studies evaluating the significance of vitamin D status and the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation in the treatment of Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases, emphasizing the possible role of the VDR in these phenomena. Finally, the associations of some VDR polymorphisms with higher risks and severity of these neurodegenerative disorders are briefly summarized.
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Kritikou P, Vadalouca A, Rekatsina M, Varrassi G, Siafaka I. The Diagnostic Odyssey of Patients with Chronic Neuropathic Pain-Expert Opinion of Greek Pain Specialists. Clin Pract 2023; 13:166-176. [PMID: 36826157 PMCID: PMC9955431 DOI: 10.3390/clinpract13010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis of chronic neuropathic pain requires a laborious process and can be a very long journey for the patients, one that can be characterized as an "odyssey." Our aim was to describe the "diagnostic odyssey" associated with chronic neuropathic pain in the Greek context. Specialized clinicians working at dedicated chronic pain and palliative care centers were asked to participate in a survey regarding the diagnostic process in Greece. In total, 44 respondents provided information on the organization of their centers, the diagnostic process, and the perceived obstacles involved in the diagnosis of chronic neuropathic pain. Most respondents reported that their centers were not fully or efficiently organized and believed that additional specialized healthcare personnel should be employed. Raising public awareness about the existence of such centers was also considered key. The two main obstacles in reaching a diagnosis were the difficulty non-experts had in recognizing chronic neuropathic pain and the lack of acknowledgement that chronic neuropathic pain is a condition that needs to be addressed. When considering these responses in light of the extended socioeconomic burden associated with chronic neuropathic pain, efforts should be made to limit the "diagnostic odyssey" of chronic neuropathic pain in Greece. The aim of this study is to explore the experience of patients with chronic neuropathic pain in Greece from the viewpoint of pain specialists. A better organization of pain and palliative care centers, facilitation of communication with previously treating clinicians, increased personnel, utilization of a chronic pain registry, and guidelines development can aid in this venture. Keypoints: The diagnosis of chronic neuropathic pain in Greece is a laborious and time-consuming process that needs to be refined; Greek clinicians believe that their centers were not fully or efficiently organized and think that additional specialized healthcare personnel should be employed; Patient comorbidities and retards in visiting a clinic at the onset of symptoms delay the diagnosis of neuropathic pain and may complicate subsequent care; The diagnostic delay has been reported as three years between the onset of symptoms and seeking general medical help and another nine years before a referral to a pain specialist; Neuropathic pain is associated with patient distress and socioeconomic burdens, and diagnostic delays prolong the condition, may allow it to worsen, and utilize valuable healthcare resources without providing effective solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Persefoni Kritikou
- Hellenic Society of Pain Management and Palliative Care (PARH.SY.A.), 11523 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence:
| | - Athina Vadalouca
- Hellenic Society of Pain Management and Palliative Care (PARH.SY.A.), 11523 Athens, Greece
- Pain and Palliative Care Center, Athens Medical Center, Private Hospital, 11523 Athens, Greece
| | - Martina Rekatsina
- Aretaieio Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Ioanna Siafaka
- Hellenic Society of Pain Management and Palliative Care (PARH.SY.A.), 11523 Athens, Greece
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Lamptey RNL, Sun C, Layek B, Singh J. Neurogenic Hypertension, the Blood-Brain Barrier, and the Potential Role of Targeted Nanotherapeutics. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032213. [PMID: 36768536 PMCID: PMC9916775 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a major health concern globally. Elevated blood pressure, initiated and maintained by the brain, is defined as neurogenic hypertension (NH), which accounts for nearly half of all hypertension cases. A significant increase in angiotensin II-mediated sympathetic nervous system activity within the brain is known to be the key driving force behind NH. Blood pressure control in NH has been demonstrated through intracerebrovascular injection of agents that reduce the sympathetic influence on cardiac functions. However, traditional antihypertensive agents lack effective brain permeation, making NH management extremely challenging. Therefore, developing strategies that allow brain-targeted delivery of antihypertensives at the therapeutic level is crucial. Targeting nanotherapeutics have become popular in delivering therapeutics to hard-to-reach regions of the body, including the brain. Despite the frequent use of nanotherapeutics in other pathological conditions such as cancer, their use in hypertension has received very little attention. This review discusses the underlying pathophysiology and current management strategies for NH, as well as the potential role of targeted therapeutics in improving current treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Buddhadev Layek
- Correspondence: (B.L.); (J.S.); Tel.: +1-701-231-7906 (B.L.); +1-701-231-7943 (J.S.); Fax: +1-701-231-8333 (B.L. & J.S.)
| | - Jagdish Singh
- Correspondence: (B.L.); (J.S.); Tel.: +1-701-231-7906 (B.L.); +1-701-231-7943 (J.S.); Fax: +1-701-231-8333 (B.L. & J.S.)
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Kip E, Parr-Brownlie LC. Healthy lifestyles and wellbeing reduce neuroinflammation and prevent neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1092537. [PMID: 36875655 PMCID: PMC9975355 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1092537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the mid-20th century, Western societies have considered productivity and economic outcomes are more important than focusing on people's health and wellbeing. This focus has created lifestyles with high stress levels, associated with overconsumption of unhealthy foods and little exercise, which negatively affect people's lives, and subsequently lead to the development of pathologies, including neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. Prioritizing a healthy lifestyle to maintain wellbeing may slow the onset or reduce the severity of pathologies. It is a win-win for everyone; for societies and for individuals. A balanced lifestyle is increasingly being adopted globally, with many doctors encouraging meditation and prescribing non-pharmaceutical interventions to treat depression. In psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, the inflammatory response system of the brain (neuroinflammation) is activated. Many risks factors are now known to be linked to neuroinflammation such as stress, pollution, and a high saturated and trans fat diet. On the other hand, many studies have linked healthy habits and anti-inflammatory products with lower levels of neuroinflammation and a reduced risk of neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. Sharing risk and protective factors is critical so that individuals can make informed choices that promote positive aging throughout their lifespan. Most strategies to manage neurodegenerative diseases are palliative because neurodegeneration has been progressing silently for decades before symptoms appear. Here, we focus on preventing neurodegenerative diseases by adopting an integrated "healthy" lifestyle approach. This review summarizes the role of neuroinflammation on risk and protective factors of neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Kip
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, Brain Health Research Centre, Brain Research New Zealand, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Louise C Parr-Brownlie
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, Brain Health Research Centre, Brain Research New Zealand, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Sienes Bailo P, Llorente Martín E, Calmarza P, Montolio Breva S, Bravo Gómez A, Pozo Giráldez A, Sánchez-Pascuala Callau JJ, Vaquer Santamaría JM, Dayaldasani Khialani A, Cerdá Micó C, Camps Andreu J, Sáez Tormo G, Fort Gallifa I. The role of oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases and potential antioxidant therapies. ADVANCES IN LABORATORY MEDICINE 2022; 3:342-360. [PMID: 37363428 PMCID: PMC10197325 DOI: 10.1515/almed-2022-0111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Objectives The central nervous system (CNS) is essential for homeostasis and controls the physiological functions of the body. However, the biochemical characteristics of the CNS make it especially vulnerable to oxidative damage (OS). This phenomenon compromises correct CNS functioning, leading to neurodegeneration and neuronal death. Contents OS plays a crucial role in the physiopathology of neurodegenerative diseases. It is involved in multiple mechanisms of nucleic acid, protein, and lipid oxidation, thereby contributing to progressive brain damage. These mechanisms include mitochondrial dysfunction; excessive production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species; deficiency of antioxidant defenses; protein oligomerization; cytokine production and inflammatory response; blood-brain barrier abnormalities; and proteasome dysfunction. All these dysfunctions are involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Summary and outlook A curative treatment is currently not available. Research is focused on the search for therapies that reduce oxidative damage and delay disease progression. In the recent years, researchers have focused their attention on the effects of antioxidant therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Sienes Bailo
- Servicio de Bioquímica Clínica, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Sociedad Española de Medicina de Laboratorio (SEQC-ML), Comisión de Estrés Oxidativo, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Llorente Martín
- Sociedad Española de Medicina de Laboratorio (SEQC-ML), Comisión de Estrés Oxidativo, Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Calmarza
- Servicio de Bioquímica Clínica, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Sociedad Española de Medicina de Laboratorio (SEQC-ML), Comisión de Estrés Oxidativo, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Quebec, Spain
- Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Comisión de Lipoproteínas y Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, SEQC-ML, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Montolio Breva
- Sociedad Española de Medicina de Laboratorio (SEQC-ML), Comisión de Estrés Oxidativo, Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Adrián Bravo Gómez
- Sociedad Española de Medicina de Laboratorio (SEQC-ML), Comisión de Estrés Oxidativo, Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
- Comisión de Elementos traza, SEQC-ML, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adela Pozo Giráldez
- Sociedad Española de Medicina de Laboratorio (SEQC-ML), Comisión de Estrés Oxidativo, Barcelona, Spain
- Servicio de Bioquímica Clínica y Patología Molecular, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Joan J. Sánchez-Pascuala Callau
- Sociedad Española de Medicina de Laboratorio (SEQC-ML), Comisión de Estrés Oxidativo, Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital Verge de la Cinta, Tortosa, Spain
| | - Juana M. Vaquer Santamaría
- Sociedad Española de Medicina de Laboratorio (SEQC-ML), Comisión de Estrés Oxidativo, Barcelona, Spain
- Servicio de Bioquímica Clínica y Patología Molecular, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Anita Dayaldasani Khialani
- Sociedad Española de Medicina de Laboratorio (SEQC-ML), Comisión de Estrés Oxidativo, Barcelona, Spain
- UGD de Laboratorio, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Concepción Cerdá Micó
- Sociedad Española de Medicina de Laboratorio (SEQC-ML), Comisión de Estrés Oxidativo, Barcelona, Spain
- Dirección Médica Asistencial, Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jordi Camps Andreu
- Sociedad Española de Medicina de Laboratorio (SEQC-ML), Comisión de Estrés Oxidativo, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
- Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Tarragona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain
- Centre Recerca Biomèdica, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Guillermo Sáez Tormo
- Sociedad Española de Medicina de Laboratorio (SEQC-ML), Comisión de Estrés Oxidativo, Barcelona, Spain
- Unidad de Patología Oxidativa-UPOX-UV, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Servicio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Universitario Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain
| | - Isabel Fort Gallifa
- Sociedad Española de Medicina de Laboratorio (SEQC-ML), Comisión de Estrés Oxidativo, Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain
- Centre Recerca Biomèdica, Tarragona, Spain
- Laboratori ICS de Tarragona i Terres de l’Ebre, Tarragona, Spain
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Meng-zhen S, Ju L, Lan-chun Z, Cai-feng D, Shu-da Y, Hao-fei Y, Wei-yan H. Potential therapeutic use of plant flavonoids in AD and PD. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11440. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Kaviyarasan S, Chung Sia EL, Retinasamy T, Arulsamy A, Shaikh MF. Regulation of gut microbiome by ketogenic diet in neurodegenerative diseases: A molecular crosstalk. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1015837. [PMID: 36313018 PMCID: PMC9614261 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1015837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut taxonomical profile is one of the contributory factors in maintaining homeostasis within the central nervous system (CNS). Of late, the efficacy of diet as a target of treatment, and how various dietary interventions may modulate gut microbiota differently have been an area of focus in research. The role of ketogenic diet (KD) in particular has been well-established in other diseases like intractable epilepsy due to its postulated effects on gut microbiome modulation, resulting in neuronal stability and prevention of epileptogenesis. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to critically evaluate the current available literature investigating the interplay between the three distinct entities: ketogenic diet, neurodegeneration, and gut microbiota, which may serve as a focus guide for future neurodegenerative diseases (ND) therapeutic research. A comprehensive literature search was performed on three databases; PubMed, Scopus, and Ovid Medline. A total of 12 articles were selected for critical appraisal, after subjecting to the inclusion and exclusion criteria in this study. The selected articles revealed that the hopes of KD as a treatment modality for ND are being ventured into as these individuals are said to acquire gut dysbiosis, primarily through increased colonization of phyla Proteobacteria and Firmicutes. Although positive effects including restoration of healthy gut microbes such as Akkermansia Muciphilia sp., improvement in cognitive functioning and decline in neuro-inflammatory markers were noted, this systematic review also depicted conflicting results such as decrease in alpha and beta species diversity as well as diminution of healthy gut commensals such as Bifidobacteriace. In addition, positive neuromodulation were also observed, notably an increase in cerebral blood perfusion to ventromedial hippocampal region via increased expression of eNOS and clearance of amyloid-beta proteins across the blood-brain-barrier via expression of p-glycoprotein. Neuroprotective mechanisms of ketogenic diet also included downregulation of mTOR expression, to prevention acceleration of pathological diseases such as Alzheimer's. Thus due to this conflicting/contrasting results demonstrated by ketogenic diet, such as a decline in gut species richness, diminution in beneficial microbes and decline cognition unless delivered in an intermittent fasting pattern, further studies may still be required before prior recommendation of a ketogenic diet therapeutic regime in ND patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shobana Kaviyarasan
- Clinical School Johor Bahru, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Edmund Lee Chung Sia
- Clinical School Johor Bahru, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Thaarvena Retinasamy
- Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Alina Arulsamy
- Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Farooq Shaikh
- Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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Osteoarthritis: New Insight on Its Pathophysiology. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11206013. [PMID: 36294334 PMCID: PMC9604603 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11206013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding of the basis of osteoarthritis (OA) has seen some interesting advancements in recent years. It has been observed that cartilage degeneration is preceded by subchondral bone lesions, suggesting a key role of this mechanism within the pathogenesis and progression of OA, as well as the formation of ectopic bone and osteophytes. Moreover, low-grade, chronic inflammation of the synovial lining has gained a central role in the definition of OA physiopathology, and central immunological mechanisms, innate but also adaptive, are now considered crucial in driving inflammation and tissue destruction. In addition, the role of neuroinflammation and central sensitization mechanisms as underlying causes of pain chronicity has been characterized. This has led to a renewed definition of OA, which is now intended as a complex multifactorial joint pathology caused by inflammatory and metabolic factors underlying joint damage. Since this evidence can directly affect the definition of the correct therapeutic approach to OA, an improved understanding of these pathophysiological mechanisms is fundamental. To this aim, this review provides an overview of the most updated evidence on OA pathogenesis; it presents the most recent insights on the pathophysiology of OA, describing the interplay between immunological and biochemical mechanisms proposed to drive inflammation and tissue destruction, as well as central sensitization mechanisms. Moreover, although the therapeutic implications consequent to the renewed definition of OA are beyond this review scope, some suggestions for intervention have been addressed.
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Nose-to-Brain: The Next Step for Stem Cell and Biomaterial Therapy in Neurological Disorders. Cells 2022; 11:cells11193095. [PMID: 36231058 PMCID: PMC9564248 DOI: 10.3390/cells11193095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurological disorders are a leading cause of morbidity worldwide, giving rise to a growing need to develop treatments to revert their symptoms. This review highlights the great potential of recent advances in cell therapy for the treatment of neurological disorders. Through the administration of pluripotent or stem cells, this novel therapy may promote neuroprotection, neuroplasticity, and neuroregeneration in lesion areas. The review also addresses the administration of these therapeutic molecules by the intranasal route, a promising, non-conventional route that allows for direct access to the central nervous system without crossing the blood–brain barrier, avoiding potential adverse reactions and enabling the administration of large quantities of therapeutic molecules to the brain. Finally, we focus on the need to use biomaterials, which play an important role as nutrient carriers, scaffolds, and immune modulators in the administration of non-autologous cells. Little research has been conducted into the integration of biomaterials alongside intranasally administered cell therapy, a highly promising approach for the treatment of neurological disorders.
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Influence of the Gut Microbiota on the Development of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Mediators Inflamm 2022; 2022:3300903. [PMID: 36248189 PMCID: PMC9553457 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3300903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are marked by neuronal death over time, causing a variety of cognitive and motor dysfunctions. Protein misfolding, neuroinflammation, and mitochondrial and protein clearance system dysfunction have all been identified as common pathways leading to neurodegeneration in recent decades. An altered microbiome of the gut, which is considered to play a central role in diseases as well as health, has recently been identified as another potential feature seen in neurodegenerative disorders. An array of microbial molecules that are released in the digestive tract may mediate gut-brain connections and permeate many organ systems, including the nervous system. Furthermore, recent findings from clinical as well as preclinical trials suggest that the microbiota of the gut plays a critical part in gut-brain interplay and that a misbalance in the composition of the gut microbiome may be linked to the etiology of neurological disorders (majorly neurodegenerative health problems); the underlying mechanism of which is still unknown. The review aims to consider the association between the microbiota of the gut and neurodegenerative disorders, as well as to add to our understanding of the significance of the gut microbiome in neurodegeneration and the mechanisms that underlie it. Knowing the mechanisms behind the gut microbiome's role and abundance will provide us with new insights that could lead to novel therapeutic strategies.
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Oxidative Stress as a Potential Mechanism Underlying Membrane Hyperexcitability in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081511. [PMID: 36009230 PMCID: PMC9405356 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by gradually progressive, selective loss of anatomically or physiologically related neuronal systems that produce brain damage from which there is no recovery. Despite the differences in clinical manifestations and neuronal vulnerability, the pathological processes appear to be similar, suggesting common neurodegenerative pathways. It is well known that oxidative stress and the production of reactive oxygen radicals plays a key role in neuronal cell damage. It has been proposed that this stress, among other mechanisms, could contribute to neuronal degeneration and might be one of the factors triggering the development of these pathologies. Another common feature in most neurodegenerative diseases is neuron hyperexcitability, an aberrant electrical activity. This review, focusing mainly on primary motor cortex pyramidal neurons, critically evaluates the idea that oxidative stress and inflammation may be involved in neurodegeneration via their capacity to increase membrane excitability.
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Sheykhhasan M, Amini R, Soleimani Asl S, Saidijam M, Hashemi SM, Najafi R. Neuroprotective effects of coenzyme Q10-loaded exosomes obtained from adipose-derived stem cells in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 152:113224. [PMID: 35679720 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a degenerative disease that causes memory and learning impairments as well as dementia. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is an anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress supplement that can improve inflammation and oxidative stress associated with AD. This study investigated the effects of drug delivery of COQ10 by exosomes derived from adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs-Exo) on cognition, memory, and neuronal proliferation in a rat model of Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced AD. Since the establishment of the AD model, the rats have received intraperitoneal injections of CoQ10, Exo, or CoQ10-loaded ADSCs-Exo (Exo+ CoQ10). The passive avoidance test and the Morris water maze (MWM) were used to assess memory and cognition changes. Cell density was determined using histological methods. The expression of BDNF was measured using an ELISA kit. SOX2 expression was determined using immunohistochemistry. According to the results of the MWM and passive avoidance task, Exo+CoQ10 significantly improved STZ-induced memory impairment compared to CoQ10 and Exo groups alone. Furthermore, BDNF expression increased in the STZ-induced rats after Exo+ CoQ10, when compared to the CoQ10 and Exo groups. In addition, Exo+CoQ10 had the highest cell density and SOX2 gene expression, when compared to the CoQ10 and Exo groups. According to the findings of this study, Exo+ COQ10 enhanced cognition and memory deficiency in Alzheimer's disease by boosting BDNF and SOX2 levels in the hippocampus. Hence, the use of exosomes derived from adipose-derived stem cells as the carrier of CoQ10 may increase the therapeutic effect of CoQ10, which can possibly be due to the regenerative properties of the exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Sheykhhasan
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Razieh Amini
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Sara Soleimani Asl
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Massoud Saidijam
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahmoud Hashemi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rezvan Najafi
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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Barreiro S, Silva B, Long S, Pinto M, Remião F, Sousa E, Silva R. Fiscalin Derivatives as Potential Neuroprotective Agents. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14071456. [PMID: 35890350 PMCID: PMC9320635 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14071456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (ND) share common molecular/cellular mechanisms that contribute to their progression and pathogenesis. In this sense, we are here proposing new neuroprotection strategies by using marine-derived compounds as fiscalins. This work aims to evaluate the protective effects of fiscalin derivatives towards 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)- and iron (III)-induced cytotoxicity in differentiated SH-SY5Y cells, an in vitro disease model to study ND; and on P-glycoprotein (P-gp) transport activity, an efflux pump of drugs and neurotoxins. SH-SY5Y cells were simultaneously exposed to MPP+ or iron (III), and noncytotoxic concentrations of 18 fiscalin derivatives (0–25 μM), being the cytotoxic effect of both MPP+ and iron (III) evaluated 24 and 48 h after exposure. Fiscalins 1a and 1b showed a significant protective effect against MPP+-induced cytotoxicity and fiscalins 1b, 2b, 4 and 5 showed a protective effect against iron (III)-induced cytotoxicity. Fiscalins 4 and 5 caused a significant P-gp inhibition, while fiscalins 1c, 2a, 2b, 6 and 11 caused a modest increase in P-gp transport activity, thus suggesting a promising source of new P-gp inhibitors and activators, respectively. The obtained results highlight fiscalins with promising neuroprotective effects and with relevance for the synthesis of new derivatives for the treatment/prevention of ND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Barreiro
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (B.S.); (F.R.)
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Requimte, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (S.B.); (R.S.)
| | - Bárbara Silva
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (B.S.); (F.R.)
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Requimte, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Solida Long
- Department of Bioengineering, Royal University of Phnom Penh, Russian Confederation Blvd., Phnom Penh 12156, Cambodia;
- CIIMAR—Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (M.P.); (E.S.)
| | - Madalena Pinto
- CIIMAR—Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (M.P.); (E.S.)
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Remião
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (B.S.); (F.R.)
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Requimte, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Emília Sousa
- CIIMAR—Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (M.P.); (E.S.)
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Renata Silva
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (B.S.); (F.R.)
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Requimte, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (S.B.); (R.S.)
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