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Aminianfar A, Hashemi R, Emami F, Heshmat R, Motlagh AD, Esmaillzadeh A. Associations between dietary total antioxidant capacity and sarcopenia: a cross-sectional study. Nutr J 2024; 23:87. [PMID: 39085886 PMCID: PMC11290090 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-024-00933-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND No study has investigated the relationship between dietary total antioxidant capacity and sarcopenia so far. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the association between dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity (d-TAC) and sarcopenia in elderly adults. METHODS In this cross-sectional study we enrolled 300 elderly people (150 men and 150 women) aged ≥ 55 years using cluster random sampling method. Sarcopenia was defined based on European Working Group on Sarcopenia (EWGSOP) definition. A DXA scanner, a squeeze bulb dynamometer and a 4-Meter walk gait speed test was used to measure Appendicular Skeletal Muscle (ASM), muscle strength and muscle performance respectively. We also used a Block-format 117-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to assess dietary intakes of participants. Multivariable logistic regression models were applied to examine the association between d-TAC and sarcopenia. RESULTS Mean ± SD age of study participants and their BMI was 66.8 ± 7.72 year and 27.3 ± 4.2 kg/m2, respectively. People in the highest tertile of d-TAC had the greatest hand grip strength (11.9 ± 3.63 vs. 10.4 ± 3.55 psi, p = 0.009) and had lower odds of sarcopenia compared with those in the lowest tertile, either before (OR = 0.39; 95% CI: 0.17, 0.88) or after adjustment for potential confounders (OR = 0.33; 95% CI: 0.11, 0.95). No other significant association was seen between d-TAC and components of sarcopenia. CONCLUSION We found an inverse association between dietary total antioxidant capacity and odds of sarcopenia. No significant association was seen between d-TAC and individual components of sarcopenia. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Aminianfar
- Students' scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Rezvan Hashemi
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ziaeian Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Emami
- Department of Community Nutrition, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Ebne Sina Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Heshmat
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular - Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmadreza Dorosty Motlagh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran.
- Chronic Diseases Research Center (CDRC), Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Kawakami A, Tomida K, Shimoda T, Nakajima C, Shimada H. Association between social isolation and diversity in food intake by gender in community-dwelling older adults: A cross-sectional study. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024. [PMID: 39044123 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
AIM Few studies have investigated the relationship between low dietary variety and clearly defined social isolation by gender. This study explored the association between dietary variety and social isolation, classified by operational definition, separately by gender in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS This cross-sectional study recruited respondents via mail. A total of 4798 participants aged ≥65 years participated in the on-site assessment. Social isolation was assessed by "lack of conversation," "lack of passive support," "lack of offering support," and "lack of social participation." Dietary variety was evaluated using the Dietary Variety Score (DVS). RESULTS The participants' median age was 73 (interquartile range 25-75: 69-77) years, and 2147 (44.7%) were male. After adjusting for covariates, with regard to male participants, a lack of offering support (β = -0.051, P = 0.019) and a lack of social participation (β = -0.089, P < 0.001) were associated with a low DVS. For female participants, only a lack of social participation was related to a low DVS (β = -0.067, P < 0.001). A lack of conversation and passive support were not associated with a low DVS for both genders (P >0.05). CONCLUSION The results indicate that encouraging social participation, regardless of gender, as well as preventing a lack of offering support for others among men, may contribute to improving individuals' DVS. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; ••: ••-••.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayuka Kawakami
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Kouki Tomida
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Takahiro Shimoda
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Chika Nakajima
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
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Yasutake K, Kumahara H, Shiose K, Kawano M, Michishita R. Association between grip strength and electrical properties measured by bioimpedance spectroscopy in women with dementia aged 77 to 97 years living in group homes. MEDICINE INTERNATIONAL 2024; 4:33. [PMID: 38756454 PMCID: PMC11097138 DOI: 10.3892/mi.2024.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Electrical properties estimated from the electrical resistance of the human body can serve as indicators of muscle tissue status and the risk of developing sarcopenia; however, to date, at least to the best of our knowledge, no studies have performed such an assessment in older individuals with advanced dementia. The present study examined the associations between grip strength, body composition and electrical properties using bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) in women aged 77-97 years residing in dementia group homes. A total of 33 participants were enrolled with an average age of 88.1±5.2 years; 57.6% of the participants had moderate or severe dementia. The resistance values of the participants were measured in the whole body, upper limbs and lower limbs using BIS, and their body composition, muscle mass index and electrical properties were estimated as indicators of muscle quality. In addition, grip strength was measured and the participants were classified into three groups (high, low and non-measurable) according to their cognitive function. The effect size (partial eta-squared and Cohen's d) was also evaluated. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to assess the distribution of each variable; variables with non-normal distributions were analyzed following log transformation. Continuous variables were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance and the Tukey-Kramer post hoc test was used. The post hoc sample size (statistical power: 1-β) analysis revealed a power of ~80% (i.e., 76.1-88.7%), considering the minimum power for sufficient participants. No differences were found in body composition or muscle mass index among the three grip strength groups. As regards the upper limbs, the electrical properties of the characteristic frequencies were significant (P=0.006; effect size, large), and the membrane capacitance (P=0.005; effect size, large) was significantly higher in the high-dose group than in the other groups. A significant association was detected among grip strength, upper limb characteristic frequency and membrane capacitance. Hence, electrical properties may be an indicator of muscle quality in older women identified as needing care for dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichiro Yasutake
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Nutritional Sciences, Nakamura Gakuen University, Fukuoka 814-0198, Japan
- Graduate School of Nutritional Sciences, Nakamura Gakuen University, Fukuoka 814-0198, Japan
| | - Hideaki Kumahara
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Nutritional Sciences, Nakamura Gakuen University, Fukuoka 814-0198, Japan
- Graduate School of Nutritional Sciences, Nakamura Gakuen University, Fukuoka 814-0198, Japan
| | - Keisuke Shiose
- Faculty of Education, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Marina Kawano
- Graduate School of Nutritional Sciences, Nakamura Gakuen University, Fukuoka 814-0198, Japan
| | - Ryoma Michishita
- Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
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Morishita-Suzuki K, Watanabe S. Health Information Source Patterns and Dietary Variety among Older Adults Living in Rural Japan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:865. [PMID: 39063442 PMCID: PMC11276780 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21070865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Dietary variety is associated with some health outcomes among older adults. Rural areas, however, often have difficulty accessing health information that influences dietary variety. This study aimed to identify patterns of health information sources by using latent class analysis and assess their association with dietary variety among older adults aged ≥ 75 in rural Japan (n = 411). Three patterns of health information sources were identified: multi-sources (29.7%), television-only (53.5%), and non-sources (16.8%). In the multi-sources pattern, more people used television, radio, and newspapers. The television-only pattern had mostly television users, with fewer other sources. The non-sources pattern had many reporting "none." Logistic regression analysis revealed that the multi-sources pattern has a significant positive effect on dietary variety compared with the non-sources pattern (odds ratio: 5.434, 95% confidence interval: 1.792-16.472), even after adjusting for socioeconomic factors and physical health status. These findings underscore the positive impact of broad access to health information on the dietary habits of older individuals. The study highlights the importance of promoting access to diverse health information sources to enhance dietary variety and overall well-being among rural older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shuichiro Watanabe
- Graduate School of Gerontology, J. F. Oberlin University, Tokyo 194-0213, Japan
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Nakagawa S, Miura K, Arai E, Taira K, Watanabe Y, Shirobe M, Motokawa K, Ohara Y, Iwasaki M, Hirano H, Ono T, Adachi A, Watanabe T, Yamazaki Y. Oral frailty, appetite and dietary variety in late-stage older adults: A cross-sectional study (the STudy of lAte-stage oldeR adulTs in Tottori; START Tottori). Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24:626-633. [PMID: 38714504 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/10/2024]
Abstract
AIM Efforts to combat frailty and preserve good health in older adults have highlighted oral frailty as an early indicator of overall frailty. Individuals showing oral frailty are at an elevated risk of insufficient nutritional intake compared with those without oral frailty; however, underlying mechanisms remain poorly explored. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to examine the link between oral frailty and undernutrition, especially regarding poor appetite and low dietary diversity. METHODS The analysis included 2727 late-stage older adults (mean age 79.9 ± 4.3 years) who underwent dental checkups in a prefecture in Japan from 2016 to 2020. The examination involved a questionnaire survey (covering basic information, frailty screening index, appetite index: Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire; and dietary variety: Dietary Variety Score) and a measurement survey (including intraoral confirmation, oral diadochokinesis and masticatory efficiency test). Individuals with three or more indications of poor oral function, identified through oral function assessment, were defined as showing oral frailty. Binomial logistic regression and path analyses examined associations among oral frailty, Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire and Dietary Variety Score. RESULTS Among those analyzed, 1208 (44.3%) participants were categorized into the oral frailty group. Binomial logistic regression analysis showed that Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire (odds ratio for oral frailty per 1-point increase 0.88, 95% confidence interval 0.84-0.93) and Dietary Variety Score (odds ratio 0.95, 95% confidence interval 0.92-0.98) were significantly associated with oral frailty. The path analysis showed individual associations between each examined factor. CONCLUSIONS Oral frailty was associated with decreased appetite and dietary variety in late-stage older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 626-633.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayuri Nakagawa
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Miura
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Eri Arai
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kenshu Taira
- Department of Public Health and Hygiene, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Yutaka Watanabe
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Maki Shirobe
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Motokawa
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Ohara
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanori Iwasaki
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hirohiko Hirano
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ono
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | | | | | - Yutaka Yamazaki
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Sawaya Y, Hirose T, Onuma S, Nakajima R, Fujita S, Muroi S, Sato R, Yin L, Shiba T, Kobayashi K, Urano T. Prevalence and associated factors of locomotive syndrome in young Japanese adults: a cross-sectional study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2024; 25:366. [PMID: 38730399 PMCID: PMC11084025 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-024-07493-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The onset of locomotive syndrome (LS) precedes that of frailty. Therefore, the first step in extending healthy life expectancy is to implement measures against LS in young adults. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of LS and its associated factors in young adults for early detection and prevention of LS. METHODS The participants of this study comprised 413 university students specializing in health sciences (192 males and 221 females) with an average age of 19.1 ± 1.2 years. All participants voluntarily participated in the study and reported no serious health problems. The presence or absence of LS was evaluated using the stand-up test, two-step test, and the 25-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale. Additionally, musculoskeletal assessment (one-leg standing, squatting, shoulder elevation, and standing forward bend), body composition analysis (weight, body mass index, body fat mass, body fat percentage, skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), and phase angle), handgrip strength test, physical activity assessment, and nutritional assessment were conducted. Sex-stratified analyses were performed, comparing groups with and without LS. Factors associated with LS were explored using binomial logistic regression. RESULTS Of the 413 young adults studied, 86 individuals (20.8%) were found to have LS. When stratified by sex, LS was observed to have a considerably higher prevalence in females (55, 24.9%) than in males (31, 16.1%). In males, the notable differences between the groups with and without LS were observed in one-leg standing and phase angle, whereas in females, differences were identified in body fat mass, body fat percentage, SMI, musculoskeletal pain, and handgrip strength. Two types of binomial logistic regression analysis revealed that the inability to perform one-leg standing was associated with LS in males, while the presence of musculoskeletal pain and a high body fat percentage were identified as factors associated with LS in females. CONCLUSIONS One in five young adults were found to have LS in this study, underscoring the necessity for early intervention and LS health education. Furthermore, effective management of musculoskeletal pain is also crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Sawaya
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Otawara, Tochigi, 324-8501, Japan
- Nishinasuno General Home Care Center, Department of Day Rehabilitation, Care Facility for the Elderly "Maronie-en", 533-11 Iguchi, Nasushiobara, Tochigi, 329-2763, Japan
| | - Tamaki Hirose
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Otawara, Tochigi, 324-8501, Japan
- Nishinasuno General Home Care Center, Department of Day Rehabilitation, Care Facility for the Elderly "Maronie-en", 533-11 Iguchi, Nasushiobara, Tochigi, 329-2763, Japan
| | - Sora Onuma
- Kurosu Hospital, 2650 Ujiie, Sakura, Tochigi, 329-1395, Japan
| | - Rina Nakajima
- Ikeda Memorial Hospital, 129-7 Morijuku Kitsuneishi, Sukagawa, Fukushima, 962-0001, Japan
| | - Seiya Fujita
- Rehabilitation Center, Shiobara Spa Hospital of Tochigi Medical Association, 1333 Shiobara, Nasushiobara, Tochigi, 329-2921, Japan
| | - Shiori Muroi
- Department of Rehabilitation, Yokohama Medical and Welfare Centre Konan, 4-6-20 Konandai, Konan-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 234-0054, Japan
| | - Ryo Sato
- Nishinasuno General Home Care Center, Department of Day Rehabilitation, Care Facility for the Elderly "Maronie-en", 533-11 Iguchi, Nasushiobara, Tochigi, 329-2763, Japan
| | - Lu Yin
- Integrated Facility for Medical and Long-term care, Care Facility for the Elderly "Maronie-en", 533-4 Iguchi, Nasushiobara, Tochigi, 329-2763, Japan
| | - Takahiro Shiba
- Integrated Facility for Medical and Long-term care, Care Facility for the Elderly "Maronie-en", 533-4 Iguchi, Nasushiobara, Tochigi, 329-2763, Japan
| | - Kaoru Kobayashi
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Otawara, Tochigi, 324-8501, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Urano
- Nishinasuno General Home Care Center, Department of Day Rehabilitation, Care Facility for the Elderly "Maronie-en", 533-11 Iguchi, Nasushiobara, Tochigi, 329-2763, Japan.
- Integrated Facility for Medical and Long-term care, Care Facility for the Elderly "Maronie-en", 533-4 Iguchi, Nasushiobara, Tochigi, 329-2763, Japan.
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita, Chiba, 286-8686, Japan.
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Nomura S, Eguchi A, Maruyama-Sakurai K, Higashino R, Yoneoka D, Kawashima T, Tanoue Y, Kawamura Y, Kumar RS, Fujita T, Miyata H. Characterizing Healthy Dietary Practices in Japan: Insights from a 2024 Nationwide Survey and Cluster Analysis. Nutrients 2024; 16:1412. [PMID: 38794650 PMCID: PMC11124242 DOI: 10.3390/nu16101412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The increasing burden of lifestyle-related diseases highlights the need to address unhealthy dietary habits. This study aims to explore the latest dietary patterns in Japan following the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on trends in health-promoting food choices. A web-based survey was conducted among 27,154 Japanese adults, selected via quota sampling to mirror national demographics. The study evaluated dietary diversity, measured through the Dietary Variety Score (Outcome 1), and the prioritization of nutritional and health considerations in food selection, assessed via a Likert scale (Outcome 2). Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) and Ordering Points To Identify the Clustering Structure (OPTICS) algorithms were used to delineate patterns in health-centric food selections. OPTICS clustering revealed four distinct clusters for each outcome. Cluster 3, with a diverse diet, comprised older, predominantly female individuals with higher well-being and lower social isolation compared to Cluster 4, which lacked distinct dietary patterns. Cluster 3 also engaged more in snacking, treat foods, home cooking, and frozen meals. Similarly, a divide emerged between those prioritizing dietary considerations (Cluster C) and those indifferent to such aspects (Cluster D). The findings underscore the need for holistic post-COVID-19 public health initiatives addressing socioeconomic and cultural barriers to healthier dietary practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Nomura
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (A.E.); (K.M.-S.); (R.H.); (T.K.); (Y.K.); (R.S.K.); (T.F.); (H.M.)
- Data for Social Transformation, 1-11-2 Osaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0032, Japan
- Department of Global Health Policy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Akifumi Eguchi
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (A.E.); (K.M.-S.); (R.H.); (T.K.); (Y.K.); (R.S.K.); (T.F.); (H.M.)
- Data for Social Transformation, 1-11-2 Osaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0032, Japan
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoicho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Keiko Maruyama-Sakurai
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (A.E.); (K.M.-S.); (R.H.); (T.K.); (Y.K.); (R.S.K.); (T.F.); (H.M.)
- Data for Social Transformation, 1-11-2 Osaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0032, Japan
- Tokyo Foundation for Policy Research, 3-2-1 Roppongi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 106-6234, Japan
| | - Ruka Higashino
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (A.E.); (K.M.-S.); (R.H.); (T.K.); (Y.K.); (R.S.K.); (T.F.); (H.M.)
- Data for Social Transformation, 1-11-2 Osaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0032, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yoneoka
- Center for Surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Disease, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-0052, Japan;
| | - Takayuki Kawashima
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (A.E.); (K.M.-S.); (R.H.); (T.K.); (Y.K.); (R.S.K.); (T.F.); (H.M.)
- Data for Social Transformation, 1-11-2 Osaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0032, Japan
- Department of Mathematical and Computing Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Yuta Tanoue
- Faculty of Marine Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 2-1-6, Etchujima, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8533, Japan;
| | - Yumi Kawamura
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (A.E.); (K.M.-S.); (R.H.); (T.K.); (Y.K.); (R.S.K.); (T.F.); (H.M.)
| | - Rauniyar Santosh Kumar
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (A.E.); (K.M.-S.); (R.H.); (T.K.); (Y.K.); (R.S.K.); (T.F.); (H.M.)
- Ocean Policy Research Institute, Sasakawa Peace Foundation, 1-15-16 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8524, Japan
| | - Takanori Fujita
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (A.E.); (K.M.-S.); (R.H.); (T.K.); (Y.K.); (R.S.K.); (T.F.); (H.M.)
- Data for Social Transformation, 1-11-2 Osaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0032, Japan
- Tokyo Foundation for Policy Research, 3-2-1 Roppongi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 106-6234, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Miyata
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (A.E.); (K.M.-S.); (R.H.); (T.K.); (Y.K.); (R.S.K.); (T.F.); (H.M.)
- Data for Social Transformation, 1-11-2 Osaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0032, Japan
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Nakai A, Morioka I. Strengths within the Community Perceived by Older Adults Living Alone in a Semi-Mountainous Rural Region: A Qualitative Study. NURSING REPORTS 2024; 14:829-837. [PMID: 38651476 PMCID: PMC11036247 DOI: 10.3390/nursrep14020064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
It is recommended that health promotion activities in the community focus on residents' strengths. Hence, this study explored the community strengths perceived by older adults living alone in a semi-mountainous rural region of Japan. A qualitative, descriptive approach was used. Content analysis was performed using data obtained through face-to-face interviews. Interview data were coded; codes were classified based on similarity to create subcategories and categories. The strengths within the community, as perceived by older adults living alone in a semi-mountainous rural region, were revealed in four categories related to ten subcategories: "loose connections with others", "active community participation", "close relationships with community professionals", and "familiarity with the living environment". Strengths within the community perceived by older adults living alone in a semi-mountainous rural region were cultivated in an environment formed by their past lives. Utilizing these resources may help support community-based societies in semi-mountainous rural regions where depopulation and aging are expected to continue in the future. This study was not registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Nakai
- School of Nursing, University of Kochi, Kochi 781-8515, Japan
| | - Ikuharu Morioka
- Graduate School of Health and Nursing Science, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-0011, Japan;
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Harada K, Masumoto K, Okada S. Between- and Within-Couple Concordance for Health Behaviors Among Japanese Older Married Couples: Examining the Moderating Role of Working Time. Int J Behav Med 2024; 31:215-228. [PMID: 36991277 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-023-10174-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although previous studies report spousal concordance for health behaviors at between-couple levels, concordance at within-couple levels remains unconfirmed. To clarify the behavioral mechanisms of spousal concordance for health behaviors among older couples at both levels, it is necessary to examine the moderators (effect modifiers) of spousal concordance. This study examined (1) whether spousal concordance for dietary variety, exercise behavior, and TV viewing behavior was observed at both the between-couple and the within-couple levels and (2) whether this spousal concordance was moderated by working time among older Japanese couples. METHOD This study analyzed data obtained from a questionnaire-based, three-wave longitudinal survey (baseline, 1-year follow-up, 3-year follow-up) among 210 Japanese older couples. Each spouse's dietary variety, exercise time, TV viewing time, the couple's working time, and demographic factors were investigated by multi-level analyses. RESULTS One spouse's dietary variety and TV viewing time, but not exercise time, were significantly associated with the other spouse's corresponding behaviors at both levels. The regressions of the wife's TV viewing time on the husband's TV viewing time were moderated by working time at the within-couple level; the regressive effects of wife's TV viewing time on husband's TV viewing time were more relevant as working time was lower. CONCLUSION This study found that spousal concordance for dietary variety and TV viewing was observed at within-couple and between-couple levels among older Japanese couples. In addition, shorter working time partly moderates the wife's influence on the husband's TV viewing among older couples at the within-couple level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Harada
- Active Aging Research Hub, Graduate School of Human Development and Environment, Kobe University, 3-11 Tsurukabuto, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan.
| | - Kouhei Masumoto
- Active Aging Research Hub, Graduate School of Human Development and Environment, Kobe University, 3-11 Tsurukabuto, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Shuichi Okada
- Active Aging Research Hub, Graduate School of Human Development and Environment, Kobe University, 3-11 Tsurukabuto, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
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10
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Iwasaki M, Shirobe M, Motokawa K, Tanaka T, Ikebe K, Ueda T, Minakuchi S, Akishita M, Arai H, Iijima K, Sasai H, Obuchi S, Hirano H. Prevalence of oral frailty and its association with dietary variety, social engagement, and physical frailty: Results from the Oral Frailty 5-Item Checklist. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24:371-377. [PMID: 38390632 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
AIM This cross-sectional study had two aims: to assess the prevalence of oral frailty (OF), according to the Oral Frailty 5-Item Checklist (OF-5), among community-dwelling older adults; and to examine the associations among oral frailty, dietary variety, social engagement, and physical frailty. METHODS We pooled data from two population-based studies (the Otassha Study and the Itabashi Longitudinal Study on Aging). With the OF-5, OF is characterized by the presence of two or more of the following: (i) fewer teeth, (ii) difficulty in chewing, (iii) difficulty in swallowing, (iv) dry mouth, and (v) low articulatory oral motor skills. We calculated the OF prevalence for each sex. We assessed dietary variety, social engagement, and physical frailty. Generalized structural equation modeling was employed to investigate the associations among oral frailty, low dietary variety (dietary variety score ≤3), social isolation (Lubben Social Network Scale score <12), and physical frailty (Japanese version of the Cardiovascular Health Study score ≥3). RESULTS A total of 1206 individuals (626 women and 580 men) with a mean age of 74.7 years were included. The prevalence of OF was 36.7%, and it increased with age; however, there was no significant sex difference. OF was significantly indirectly associated with physical frailty via low dietary variety (odds ratio, 1.43; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-1.97) and social isolation (odds ratio, 1.42; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-1.94). CONCLUSIONS Two of five community-dwelling older adults exhibited OF. Low dietary variety and social isolation are potential underlying mechanisms through which OF is indirectly associated with physical frailty. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 371-377.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Iwasaki
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Maki Shirobe
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Motokawa
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoki Tanaka
- Institute of Gerontology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazunori Ikebe
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ueda
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Minakuchi
- Department of Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Akishita
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidenori Arai
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Katsuya Iijima
- Institute of Gerontology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Institute for Future Initiatives, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sasai
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuichi Obuchi
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirohiko Hirano
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
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11
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Lyu W, Tanaka T, Bo-Kyung S, Yoshizawa Y, Akishita M, Iijima K. Integrated effects of nutrition-related, physical, and social factors on frailty among community-dwelling older adults: A 7-year follow-up from the Kashiwa cohort study. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24 Suppl 1:162-169. [PMID: 37984854 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the impact of nutrition-related, physical, and social factors as well as their transitions on frailty over a 7-year follow-up period among community-dwelling older adults. METHODS Participants were 868 non-frail older adults. Frailty was assessed using the Cardiovascular Health Study index. Nutrition-related, physical, and social factors have been defined in our previous study. Cox regression analysis was conducted to investigate the association between the three factors at baseline and new-onset frailty during a 7-year follow-up period. Furthermore, transitions in the three factors over two/three consecutive years and their association with frailty were investigated using lagged generalized estimating equations. RESULTS The mean age was 73.8 ± 4.8 years (women, 47.0%), and the incidence of frailty was 12.5% during the 7-year follow-up period. Compared with participants who met the three factors' criteria at baseline, those who met two, one, and none showed associations with greater adjusted hazard ratios of new-onset frailty (1.73, 95% confidence interval 0.87-3.42; 2.04 [1.01-4.12]; and 5.69 [2.82-11.47]). Generalized estimating equation analysis showed that, compared with older adults who maintained all the three criteria met, those who improved the quantity of criteria met, who maintained the less than three criteria met, and who decreased the quantity of criteria met showed (marginally) significant associations with greater adjusted odds ratios of frailty (2.86 [0.88-9.31], 3.70 [1.10-12.45], and 4.75 [1.42-15.85]). CONCLUSIONS Practicing and maintaining all three factors in daily life are crucial for frailty prevention. Future research should explore strategies to motivate behavioral modifications in these factors at the population level. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 162-169.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weida Lyu
- Institute of Gerontology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoki Tanaka
- Institute of Gerontology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Son Bo-Kyung
- Institute of Gerontology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Institute for Future Initiatives, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyo Yoshizawa
- Institute of Gerontology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Healthy Life Expectancy, Graduate School of Medicine Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Akishita
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuya Iijima
- Institute of Gerontology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Institute for Future Initiatives, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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12
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Deguchi N, Osuka Y, Kojima N, Motokawa K, Iwasaki M, Inagaki H, Miyamae F, Okamura T, Hirano H, Awata S, Sasai H. Sex-specific factors associated with acceptance of smartwatches among urban older adults: the Itabashi longitudinal study on aging. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1261275. [PMID: 38476490 PMCID: PMC10929614 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1261275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Smartwatches (SW) are wearable devices that support daily life and monitor an individual's health and activity status. This information is utilized to promote behavior modification, which could help prevent chronic diseases and manage the health of older adults. Despite being interested in SWs, older adults tend to decrease their SW usage as they age. Therefore, understanding the acceptance of SWs among older individuals can facilitate individual health management through digital health technology. This study investigated the factors associated with the acceptance of SWs among older adults in Japan and the variations in the factors by sex. This study utilized data from the 2022 Itabashi Longitudinal Study on Aging, an ongoing cohort study conducted by the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology. We included 899 eligible individuals aged ≥65 years. Participants were classified into three groups: possessing SW (possessor group), not possessing SW but interested in possession in the future (interest group), and not interested in possession in the future (non-interest group) using a self-administered questionnaire. The level of SW acceptance was operationally defined as follows: low (non-interest group), medium (interest group), and high (possessor group). Further, we evaluated the association of acceptance and purchase intentions of SWs with sociodemographic variables, technology literacy, and health variables. Among the participants, 4.2% possessed SWs, with no significant sex difference (men, 4.2%; women, 4.3%). Among men, age < 75 years, obesity, diabetes, and dyslipidemia were significantly associated with SW acceptance level. Contrastingly, among women, age < 75 years, living alone, higher household income, and a high score for new device use in the technology literacy category were significantly associated with SW acceptance level. Health-related factors were associated with SW acceptance in men, while technology literacy and sociodemographic factors were associated with SW acceptance in women. Our findings may inform the development of sex-specific interventions and policies for increasing SW utilization among older adults in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Deguchi
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Osuka
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Frailty Research, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Narumi Kojima
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Motokawa
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanori Iwasaki
- Division of Preventive Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Science, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Inagaki
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumiko Miyamae
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Okamura
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirohiko Hirano
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuichi Awata
- Integrated Research Initiative for Living Well with Dementia, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sasai
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
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Kiuchi Y, Tsutsumimoto K, Doi T, Kurita S, Nishimoto K, Makizako H, Shimada H. Effect of dietary diversity on incident of disability in community-dwelling older adults with sarcopenia: A 40-month follow-up longitudinal study. Maturitas 2024; 179:107887. [PMID: 37980814 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2023.107887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is a clinical issue in older adults that leads to serious adverse health outcomes, including disability. The present study investigated whether dietary diversity affects the incidence of disability in older adults with sarcopenia. METHOD Participants were 759 Japanese older adults with sarcopenia (mean age 77.2 ± 6.0 years; 44.4 % men) who were aged ≥65 years at the time of the examination. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the recommendations of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2. Dietary diversity was assessed using a diet variety score. This diet variety score assessed the one-week consumption frequency of ten food groups, according to the following responses: "eat almost every day" (1 point), or "not eaten almost daily" (0 points). Older adults with a diet variety score of 3 or more points were defined as having high dietary diversity. Incident disability was certified by long-term care insurance (mean follow-up duration 32 months). RESULTS The cumulative disability incidence rates in the older adults with low dietary diversity and high dietary diversity were 23.3 % and 16.9 %, respectively. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis revealed high dietary diversity was associated with a lower risk of incident disability in older adults with sarcopenia (hazard ratio 0.66, 95 % confidence interval 0.47-0.92; p = 0.015), after adjusting for covariates. CONCLUSIONS This longitudinal study revealed that high dietary diversity is associated with a lower risk of incident disability among sarcopenic Japanese older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Kiuchi
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan; Department of Health Science, Graduate School of Health Sciences Kagoshima University, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan.
| | - Kota Tsutsumimoto
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Takehiko Doi
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kurita
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Kazuhei Nishimoto
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan; Department of Medical Sciences, Medical Science Division, Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 3-1-1, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-0802, Japan
| | - Hyuma Makizako
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
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14
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Inoshita H, Asaoka D, Matsuno K, Yanagisawa N, Suzuki Y, Miyauchi K. Cross-Sectional Study on the Association between Dietary Patterns and Sarcopenia in Elderly Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Receiving Conservative Treatment. Nutrients 2023; 15:4994. [PMID: 38068851 PMCID: PMC10708199 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a poor prognostic factor in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Adequate dietary patterns are important for preventing sarcopenia; however, evidence regarding the underlying association between sarcopenia and diet is insufficient. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the association between sarcopenia and dietary patterns in CKD patients receiving conservative treatment. In this cross-sectional study, 441 patients with conservative CKD were examined using the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia diagnostic criteria. CKD was defined as an eGFR of <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 present for >3 months. The participants were divided into sarcopenia and non-sarcopenia groups, and dietary patterns were compared between the two groups using the dietary variety score, a simple dietary survey method that investigates the weekly frequency of consumption of 10 food groups. Logistic regression analysis for CKD G3 showed that female sex (odds ratio (OR): 0.166, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.086-0.320), increased body mass index (OR: 0.663, 95% CI: 0.590-0.745), and almost daily consumption of green/yellow vegetables (OR: 0.350, 95% CI: 0.176-0.695) were positively associated with non-sarcopenia. Although further prospective studies are required, the results suggest that low frequent consumption of vegetables is associated with sarcopenia in patients with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Inoshita
- Department of Nephrology, Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Center, Tokyo 136-0075, Japan
| | - Daisuke Asaoka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Center, Tokyo 136-0075, Japan
| | - Kei Matsuno
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Center, Tokyo 136-0075, Japan
| | - Naotake Yanagisawa
- Medical Technology Innovation Center, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Yusuke Suzuki
- Department of Nephrology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan;
| | - Katsumi Miyauchi
- Department of Cardiology, Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Center, Tokyo 136-0075, Japan
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15
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Yokoyama Y, Nofuji Y, Seino S, Abe T, Murayama H, Narita M, Shinkai S, Kitamura A, Fujiwara Y. Association of dietary variety with the risk for dementia: the Yabu cohort study. Public Health Nutr 2023; 26:2314-2321. [PMID: 37129033 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980023000824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The consumption of various foods is internationally recommended in healthy diet although the association between dietary variety and incident dementia is unknown. We aimed to examine the association between dietary variety and the incidence of disabling dementia in older Japanese adults. DESIGN We conducted a prospective cohort study. Dietary variety was assessed based on the Dietary Variety Score (DVS). DVS was assessed by counting the number of ten food components (meat, fish/shellfish, eggs, milk, soyabean products, green/yellow vegetables, potatoes, fruit, seaweed and fats/oils) that were consumed almost daily using a FFQ. Participants were categorised into low (0-2 points), middle (3-4 points) and high (5-10 points) groups based on the DVS. Data on newly diagnosed disabling dementia were retrieved from the public long-term care insurance database. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) with 95 % CI. SETTING Yabu cohort study, Japan. PARTICIPANTS A total of 4972 community-dwelling adults aged 65 years or older. RESULTS During the median follow-up of 6·8 years, 884 participants were newly diagnosed with disabling dementia. After adjusting for confounders, the multivariable-adjusted HR for incident disabling dementia was 0·82 (95 % CI, 0·69, 0·97) for participants in the highest DVS category compared with those in the lowest DVS category (Pfor trend = 0·019). CONCLUSIONS A higher dietary variety is associated with a reduced risk of disabling dementia in older Japanese adults. These results have potential implications for the development of effective public nutritional approaches to prevent dementia in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Yokoyama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi, Tokyo173-0015, Japan
| | - Yu Nofuji
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi, Tokyo173-0015, Japan
| | - Satoshi Seino
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi, Tokyo173-0015, Japan
| | - Takumi Abe
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi, Tokyo173-0015, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi, Tokyo173-0015, Japan
| | - Miki Narita
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi, Tokyo173-0015, Japan
| | - Shoji Shinkai
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Kagawa Nutrition University, Sakado City, Saitama, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kitamura
- Health Town Development Science Center, Yao City Health Center, Yao City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Fujiwara
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
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16
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Yokoro M, Otaki N, Imamura T, Tanino N, Fukuo K. Association between social network and dietary variety among community-dwelling older adults. Public Health Nutr 2023; 26:2441-2449. [PMID: 37395300 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980023001325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Social networks are critical social health factors for older adults. This study examined the association between social networks and dietary variety among community-dwelling older adults. DESIGN A cross-sectional study, using the dietary variety score (DVS) developed for older Japanese people to assess dietary variety and the Lubben Social Network Scale (LSNS-6) to assess social networks. SETTING N City, H Prefecture, Japan. PARTICIPANTS Community-dwelling older adults aged ≥ 65 years (n 1229). RESULTS The LSNS-6 score in the low DVS group was lower than that in the middle and high DVS groups (12·2 ± 5·6 v. 13·4 ± 5·4 and 14·4 ± 5·7, P < 0·001). The population of social isolation (LSNS-6, < 12) in the low DVS group was higher than that in the middle and high DVS groups (43·5 % v. 35·8 % and 31·0 %, P = 0·005). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the LSNS-6 score was positively correlated with DVS (standardised coefficient, 0·092; P = 0·002). Social isolation was also significantly associated with a low DVS in the multivariate-adjusted logistic analysis model (OR, 1·30; 95 % CI 1·00, 1·68; P = 0·048). Stratified analysis results revealed the LSNS-6 and DVS were significantly associated in participants with the following characteristics: younger age (< 75 years), women and those living with someone. CONCLUSIONS Social networks were associated with dietary variety; social isolation was related to poor dietary variety among community-dwelling older adults. An association between social networks and dietary variety was observed among young-old older adults, women and those living with someone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyuki Yokoro
- Department of Dietary Life and Food Sciences, Junior College Division, Mukogawa Women's University, 6-46 Ikebiraki-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo663-8558, Japan
- Research Institute for Nutrition Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, 6-46 Ikebiraki-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo663-8558, Japan
| | - Naoto Otaki
- Research Institute for Nutrition Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, 6-46 Ikebiraki-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo663-8558, Japan
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, School of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Mukogawa Women's University, 6-46 Ikebiraki-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo663-8558, Japan
| | - Tomomi Imamura
- Research Institute for Nutrition Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, 6-46 Ikebiraki-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo663-8558, Japan
- Department of Innovative Food Sciences, School of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Mukogawa Women's University, 6-46 Ikebiraki-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo663-8558, Japan
| | - Norikazu Tanino
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, School of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Mukogawa Women's University, 6-46 Ikebiraki-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo663-8558, Japan
| | - Keisuke Fukuo
- Research Institute for Nutrition Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, 6-46 Ikebiraki-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo663-8558, Japan
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, School of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Mukogawa Women's University, 6-46 Ikebiraki-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo663-8558, Japan
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17
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Alotaibi R, Aladel A, Alshammari SA, Abulmeaty MMA, Alhamdan AA. Association of Nutritional Status and Diet Diversity with Skeletal Muscle Strength and Quality of Life among Older Arab Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:4382. [PMID: 37892457 PMCID: PMC10609555 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There is little research evaluating skeletal muscle strength, nutritional status, and quality of life in older Arab adults. This study examined the association of nutritional status with skeletal muscle strength and quality of life among older adults living in Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among older adults (n = 166 older adults; 57.8% females) who visited primary outpatient clinics at King Khalid University Hospital in Riyadh City. Sociodemographic data, Mini Nutritional Assessment short-form (MNA-SF), diet variety score (DVS), and health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) were assessed. Furthermore, handgrip strength (HGS) and knee extension strength (KES) were measured to evaluate skeletal muscle strength. Malnourishment and risk of malnutrition were found in 16.9% of our sample. Nutritional status was significantly associated with muscle strength and HR-QoL (p < 0.05). The well-nourished group had higher HGS, KES, and total HR-QoL scores compared to the at risk of malnutrition or malnourished group. Moreover, there was a moderate positive correlation between MNA-SF and total HR-QoL scores (r = 0.40). The percentage of individuals in the well-nourished group categorized with a high or moderate DVS was significantly higher than those at risk of malnutrition or are malnourished; however, DVS was not associated with muscle strength and HR-QoL. The MNA-SF score had a significant positive correlation with HGS (r = 0.30) and KES (r = 0.23). An increase in the MNA-SF score was significantly associated with higher odds of being moderate/high (HGS and HR-QoL) in the crude and adjusted models. In conclusion, maintaining adequate nutritional status is beneficial for preserving skeletal muscle strength and promoting better HR-QoL among older individuals. Therefore, applications of appropriate nutritional and muscle strength assessments in geriatric care institutions are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahaf Alotaibi
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.); (A.A.); (M.M.A.A.)
| | - Alanoud Aladel
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.); (A.A.); (M.M.A.A.)
| | - Sulaiman A. Alshammari
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mahmoud M. A. Abulmeaty
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.); (A.A.); (M.M.A.A.)
| | - Adel A. Alhamdan
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.); (A.A.); (M.M.A.A.)
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Yu T, Oguma Y, Asakura K, Abe Y, Arai Y. Association between dietary patterns and subjective and objective measures of physical activity among Japanese adults aged 85 years and older: a cross-sectional study. Br J Nutr 2023; 130:1088-1097. [PMID: 36573371 PMCID: PMC10442796 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114522003993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A healthy diet and regular physical activity (PA) are delineated as healthy behaviours. Their implementation is associated with better health outcomes and improved quality of life. There is less evidence of a relationship between dietary patterns (DP) and PA, especially in adults aged ≥ 85. Hence, this cross-sectional study investigates the association between DP and PA in people of this age group, using the data from The Kawasaki Aging and Well-Being Project. Brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire was used to estimate the intake of fifty-eight types of food. After energy adjustment, principal component analysis was performed to identify DP. PA was measured objectively using an accelerometer and subjectively using a questionnaire validated for this age group. Thousand participants (median age: 86·9 years, men: 49·9 %) were included in the analysis. Three major DP (DP1 'various foods', DP2 'red meats and coffee', DP3 'bread and processed meats') were identified. DP1 'various foods' was similar to DP previously named 'healthy' or 'prudent' and showed a positive association with PA time (PAT) as measured by accelerometer (B, 6·25; 95 % CI 0·13, 12·37) and relatively shorter sedentary behaviour (SB) time. DP2 'red meats and coffee' and DP3 'bread and processed meats' were negatively associated with PAT and positively associated with SB time. This study observed the relationship between diet and PA behaviours in adults aged ≥ 85, with healthier and more food-diverse DP associated with longer PAT and relatively unhealthy DP with shorter PAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yu
- Graduate School of Health Management, Keio University, 4411 Endo, Fujisawa City252-0883, Japan
| | - Yuko Oguma
- Graduate School of Health Management, Keio University, 4411 Endo, Fujisawa City252-0883, Japan
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Keio University, 4-1-1Hiyoshi, Kouhoku-ku, Yokohama City223-8251, Japan
| | - Keiko Asakura
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Medicine, Toho University, 5-21-16 Oomori nishi, Oota-ku143-8540, Japan
| | - Yukiko Abe
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku160-8582, Japan
| | - Yasumichi Arai
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku160-8582, Japan
- Keio University Faculty of Nursing and Medical Care, 4411 Endo, Fujisawa City252-0883, Japan
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Vaudin A, Dean W, Chen J, Sahyoun NR. Service Awareness Among Older Adults Experiencing Barriers to Food and Eating. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2023; 55:564-574. [PMID: 37389500 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2023.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore (1) the services older adults use to address the barriers to food access they face and (2) how they found out about these services. DESIGN Semistructured, basic descriptive qualitative in-person interviews. SETTING Senior center and participants' homes. PARTICIPANTS A convenience sample of 24 older adults recruited from suburban and urban settings. Primarily Black females, living alone, and able to leave home without help. PHENOMENON OF INTEREST Financial and nonfinancial barriers to food access, awareness of services available. ANALYSIS Codes were assigned to portions of the text in which participants described how they learned about a service. These codes were categorized into one of the 3 larger themes that emerged: (1) intentionally sought by the participant, (2) intentional outreach by the service, and (3) encounters in daily life and environment. RESULTS Most connections to services were made through encounters in participants' daily life and environment; for example, word of mouth from family, friends or neighbors; connection through other services; referral from health care professionals; and seeing the service in their neighborhood. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Robust social networks, medical screening, and referral may promote awareness of food assistance services. Future research and outreach should target those who are most isolated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Vaudin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD
| | - Wesley Dean
- Department of Food and Resource Economics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD
| | - Nadine R Sahyoun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD.
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20
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Du Q, Lu Y, Hu F, Feng X, Zhang Y, Li S, Zhang C, Zhang H, Zeng Y, Yao Y, Lu Z, Zhang W, Gao X. Dietary diversity and possible sarcopenia among older people in China: a nationwide population-based study. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1218453. [PMID: 37457980 PMCID: PMC10348914 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1218453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sarcopenia is a common geriatric disease. Many dietary factors may contribute to the development of sarcopenia. Few studies have been conducted on dietary diversity and sarcopenia in Chinese older adults. Among a nationwide sample, the objective of this study is to assess the association between the dietary diversity score (DDS) and the prevalence of possible sarcopenia. We considered the different patterns of dietary diversity in relation to possible sarcopenia. Methods We conducted this analysis utilizing the cross-sectional data from the 2012, 2014, and 2018 waves of the Chinese longitudinal healthy longevity survey (CLHLS). A standard developed by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 (AWGS2019) was used to assess the possibility of sarcopenia. On the basis of the DDS generated by previous studies, we have constructed four new indicators as follows: total diet, animal-based diet, plant-based diet, and plant-based diet without the consumption of legume products and nuts. We used the generalized estimation equation (GEE) model to evaluate the associations between the DDS of the total diet, animal-based diet, plant-based diet, and plant-based diet without the intake of legume products and nuts and possible sarcopenia. These associations were statistically adjusted for a variety of potential confounders. Sensitivity analysis was performed by excluding some participants who were long-term bedridden, had Alzheimer's disease, or were terminally ill. Results The analysis included 6,624 participants (mean age 83.4 years at baseline). In our study, we found that participants with a higher DDS of the total diet (OR = 0.62; 95% CI: 0.51-0.77), animal-based diet (OR = 0.62; 95% CI: 0.49-0.79), and plant-based diet (OR = 0.64;95% CI: 0.51-0.80) were at a lower risk of developing sarcopenia. In sensitivity analyses, the associations remained unchanged. Conclusion Taking a diversified diet, including animal foods, may reduce the risk of developing sarcopenia. According to the findings of this study, adopting a diversified diet might reduce the risk of sarcopenia for older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoqiao Du
- Health Management Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yanhui Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xinglin Feng
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yunquan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaojie Li
- China Center for Health Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese, Academy of Medical Sciences, National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zeng
- Center for Healthy Aging and Development Studies, National School of Development, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Yao
- China Center for Health Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaohui Lu
- Health Management Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wenya Zhang
- Health Management Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiangyang Gao
- Health Management Institute, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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21
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Duan Y, Qi Q, Cui Y, Yang L, Zhang M, Liu H. Effects of dietary diversity on frailty in Chinese older adults: a 3-year cohort study. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:141. [PMID: 36918767 PMCID: PMC10012609 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-03875-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frailty has emerged as a global health burden with increased population aging. A diverse diet is essential for an adequate and balanced supply of nutrients. However, limited evidence supports the relationship between dietary diversity and frailty. We therefore assessed the associations of dietary diversity with the risk of frailty. METHODS We used the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey to analyze a prospective cohort of Chinese older adults. A total of 1948 non-frail older adults were included in the final sample. Participants were categorized into groups with high or low dietary diversity scores (DDSs) using a food frequency questionnaire. A Generalized Estimating Equation were used to estimate risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for determining frailty incidence. RESULTS Among 1,948 participants, 381 had frailty with the prevalence of 19.56% during the 3-year follow-up period. Compared with the low DDS group, the high DDS group exhibited a lower risk of frailty (RR, 0.72; 95% CI: 0.57-0.91). Compared with those with a consistently low DDS, the RR of participants with a consistently high DDS for frailty was 0.56 (95% CI: 0.42-0.74). Moreover, meat, beans, fish, nuts, fresh fruits, and fresh vegetables were inversely associated with frailty. In stratified analysis, a consistently high DDS, compared with a consistently low DDS, reduced the risk of frailty for people aged 65-79 years and those living in town and rural areas. CONCLUSION This study found a prospective association between dietary diversity and frailty among Chinese older adults. These findings stressed that it is important to improve dietary diversity for older adults to promote healthy ageing, particularly for young older adults and in town and rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Duan
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, No.2600 Donghai Ave, Bengbu, 233030, China
| | - Qi Qi
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, No.2600 Donghai Ave, Bengbu, 233030, China
| | - Yan Cui
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, No.2600 Donghai Ave, Bengbu, 233030, China
| | - Ling Yang
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, No.2600 Donghai Ave, Bengbu, 233030, China
| | - Min Zhang
- School of Health Management, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Huaqing Liu
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, No.2600 Donghai Ave, Bengbu, 233030, China.
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22
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Dietary diversity predicts the mortality among older people: Data from the fifth Thai national health examination survey. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2023; 110:104986. [PMID: 36913881 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2023.104986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the association between dietary diversity (DD) and mortality among Thai older people and to investigate whether age, sex, and nutritional status modify this association. METHODS The national survey conducted from 2013 to 2015 recruited 5631 people aged >60 years. Dietary diversity score (DDS) was assessed for the consumption of eight food groups using food frequency questionnaires. The Vital Statistics System provided the data on mortality in 2021. The association between DDS and mortality was analyzed by Cox proportional hazard model and adjusted for the complex survey design. Interaction terms between DDS and age, sex, and BMI were also tested. RESULTS The DDS was inversely associated with mortality (HRadj 0.98, 95%CI: 0.96-1.00). This association was stronger in people aged >70 years (HRadj 0.93, 95%CI: 0.90-0.96 for aged 70-79 years, and HRadj 0.92, 95%CI: 0.88-0.95 for aged >80 years). Inverse association between DDS and mortality was also found in the underweight older population (HRadj 0.95, 95%CI: 0.90-0.99). A positive association was found between DDS and mortality in the overweight/obese group (HRadj 1.03, 95%CI: 1.00-1.05). However, the interaction between the DDS with sex to mortality was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION Increasing DD reduces mortality among Thai older people, especially in those above 70, and underweight. In contrast, an increase in DD also meant an increase in mortality among the overweight/obese group. Focus should be placed on the nutritional interventions aimed to improve DD for those 70 and over and underweight to reduce mortality.
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23
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Nakai A, Morioka I. Factors Related to Nutritional Status of Single Older Residents in Semi-Mountainous Rural Regions of Japan: A Cross-Sectional Study. Geriatrics (Basel) 2023; 8:geriatrics8020034. [PMID: 36960989 PMCID: PMC10037606 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics8020034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Japan's notably high aging rate presents the risk of malnutrition. This study aimed to clarify the nutritional status and factors related to the nutritional status of single older residents in a semi-mountainous rural region of Japan. Using a cross-sectional study design, surveys were administered to older adults in the semi-mountainous rural region in the area of Kochi Prefecture, Japan. Factors associated with a risk of malnutrition were identified using binomial logistic regression analysis. In addition, nutritional status was evaluated using the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF). Among 53 participants, the MNA-SF score was 12.1 ± 1.5 (mean ± standard deviation), and 71.7% had a normal nutritional status. We observed that participation in local residents' association gatherings (odds ratio [OR]: 7.42, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.17-47.01) and risk of depression/anxiety (OR: 12.77, 95% CI: 1.99-81.94) were associated with an increased risk of malnutrition, whereas social interaction with friends (OR: 0.11, 95% CI: 0.02-0.76) were associated with a decreased risk. The nutritional status was normal overall. Community health workers should share information on the health of residents and promote social events to enable older residents living alone to continue leading healthy lifestyles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Nakai
- School of Nursing, University of Kochi, Kochi 781-8515, Japan
| | - Ikuharu Morioka
- Graduate School of Health and Nursing Science, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-0011, Japan
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24
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Kawamura A, Kamide N, Ando M, Murakami T, Shahzad MT, Takahashi K. The Combination of Hearing Impairment and Frailty Is Associated with Cognitive Decline among Community-Dwelling Elderly in Japan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4437. [PMID: 36901446 PMCID: PMC10001716 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Hearing impairment and frailty are associated with cognitive decline in older people. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the interaction between hearing impairment and frailty on cognitive decline in community-dwelling older people. A mail survey of community-dwelling, older people (age ≥ 65 years) who lived independently was conducted. Cognitive decline was defined using the self-administered dementia checklist (≥18 out of 40 points). Hearing impairment was assessed using a validated self-rated questionnaire. Furthermore, frailty was assessed using the Kihon checklist, and robust, pre-frailty, and frailty groups were identified. Multivariate logistic regression analysis, adjusted for potential confounding factors, was performed to determine the association of the interaction between hearing impairment and frailty with cognitive decline. Data obtained from 464 participants were analyzed. Hearing impairment was independently associated with cognitive decline. Additionally, the interaction term of hearing impairment and frailty was significantly related to cognitive decline. For participants in the robust group, hearing impairment was not associated with cognitive decline. In contrast, for participants in the pre-frailty or frailty groups, hearing impairment was associated with cognitive decline. The association between hearing impairment and cognitive decline was affected by frailty status in community-dwelling, older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akie Kawamura
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitazato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0373, Japan
| | - Naoto Kamide
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitazato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0373, Japan
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitazato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0373, Japan
| | - Masataka Ando
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitazato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0373, Japan
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitazato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0373, Japan
| | - Takeshi Murakami
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitazato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0373, Japan
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitazato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0373, Japan
| | - Machiko T. Shahzad
- School of Nursing, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitazato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0373, Japan
| | - Kayoko Takahashi
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitazato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0373, Japan
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitazato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0373, Japan
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Modifiable healthy behaviours and incident disability in older adults: Analysis of combined data from two cohort studies in Japan. Exp Gerontol 2023; 173:112094. [PMID: 36681130 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Healthy behaviours reduce the risk of incident disability; however, their components require further consideration. Specifically, little evidence exists on healthy behaviours that comprise modifiable factors, including social aspects, and their effects on those who do not engage in them. This study aimed to examine the association between engaging in healthy behaviours with modifiable factors and incident disability among community-dwelling older adults; as well as identify factors associated with nonengagement in healthy behaviours. We analysed data obtained from 1357 older adults aged 65 years and more without disabilities at baseline. The outcome was incident disability, which was defined based on the long-term care insurance certification in Japan. This study included regular exercise (≥1 day/week), favourable eating habits (≥4 dietary variety score), and social participation (engaging in two or more social activities) as components of healthy behaviours. We used the Cox proportional hazards model to calculate hazard ratios (HR) for incident disabilities. The proportion of those who satisfied all healthy behaviours was 21 %. During the follow-up period (median: 6.3 years), 282 incident disabilities were confirmed. Compared to those who engaged in one healthy behaviour, those who satisfied all healthy behaviours showed a 31 % (95 % confidence interval: 0.48, 0.98) lower HR of incident disability after adjusting for covariates. Current smoking and depressive mood were associated with non-engagement in healthy behaviours. This study found that having physically and socially active lifestyles and favourable eating habits are effective in reducing the risk of incident disability. Meanwhile, several older adults lack the components of a healthy lifestyle. Approaches that focus on multiple healthy behaviours are necessary to enhance the benefits of healthy lifestyles.
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Low Dietary Variety Is Associated with Incident Frailty in Older Adults during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: A Prospective Cohort Study in Japan. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051145. [PMID: 36904144 PMCID: PMC10005648 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stagnation of social activity due to the COVID-19 pandemic probably reduces motivation to maintain a healthy diet. It is important to report on the dietary changes observed in older adults during a period of restriction on outings and to clarify the relationship between dietary variety and frailty. This one-year follow-up study examined the association between frailty and dietary variety during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Baseline and follow-up surveys were conducted in August 2020 and August 2021, respectively. The follow-up survey was distributed by mail to 1635 community-dwelling older adults aged ≥65 years. Of the 1235 respondents, 1008 respondents who were non-frail at baseline are included in this study. Dietary variety was examined using a dietary variety score developed for older adults. Frailty was assessed using a five-item frailty screening tool. The outcome was frailty incidence. RESULTS In our sample, 108 subjects developed frailty. A linear regression analysis revealed a significant association between dietary variety score and frailty score (β, -0.032; 95% CI, -0.064 to -0.001; p = 0.046). This association was also significant in Model 1, adjusted for sex and age, (β, -0.051; 95% CI, -0.083 to -0.019; p = 0.002) and in a multivariate analysis that added adjustments for living alone, smoking, alcohol use, BMI, and existing conditions to Model 1 (β, -0.045; 95% CI, -0.078 to -0.012; p = 0.015). CONCLUSIONS A low dietary variety score was associated with an increased frailty score during the COVID-19 pandemic. The restricted daily routine caused by the COVID-19 pandemic will probably continue to have a long-term effect in terms of reduced dietary variety. Thus, vulnerable populations, such as older adults, might require dietary support.
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Kiuchi Y, Doi T, Tsutsumimoto K, Nakakubo S, Kurita S, Nishimoto K, Makizako H, Shimada H. Association between dietary diversity and sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults. Nutrition 2023; 106:111896. [PMID: 36470116 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to examine whether dietary diversity is associated with sarcopenia in community-dwelling older Japanese adults. METHODS We used a cross-sectional large cohort data set from the National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology-Study of Geriatric Syndromes. Data from 9080 older adults (mean age 74 ± 5.6 y; 44.4% were men) were included in this cross-sectional study. Sarcopenia was assessed using muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance represented by gait speed. We assessed 1-wk consumption frequency of food types, including meat, fish/shellfish, eggs, milk, soybean products, green and yellow vegetables, potatoes, fruits, seaweeds, fats, and oil. Consumption frequency was allotted to each category for the following responses: eat almost every day, eat 3 or 4 /wkd, eat 1 or 2 d/wk, and hardly ever eat. Poor dietary diversity was defined as those who responded hardly ever eat for any of the 10 foods. RESULTS This study revealed that 2647 participants (29.2%) had poor dietary diversity. Poor dietary diversity was associated with confirmed sarcopenia (odds ratio [OR], 1.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08-1.96) and severe sarcopenia (OR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.08-2.39). Furthermore, poor dietary diversity of low-protein foods was significantly associated with sarcopenia (OR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.13-2.20) as well as poor dietary diversity of high-protein foods (OR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.12-1.92). CONCLUSIONS This cross-sectional study revealed that poor dietary diversity was associated with sarcopenia among older adults. Ingestion of low-protein foods and high-protein foods is infrequently associated with sarcopenia and ingestion of high-protein foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Kiuchi
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan; Department of Health Science, Graduate School of Health Sciences Kagoshima University, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, Japan.
| | - Takehiko Doi
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Kota Tsutsumimoto
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Sho Nakakubo
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Kurita
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Kazuhei Nishimoto
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan; Department of Medical Sciences, Medical Science Division, Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan.
| | - Hyuma Makizako
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan.
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Amamoto R, Shimamoto K, Suwa T, Park S, Matsumoto H, Shimizu K, Katto M, Makino H, Matsubara S, Aoyagi Y. Relationships between dietary diversity and gut microbial diversity in the elderly. Benef Microbes 2022; 13:453-464. [PMID: 36377581 DOI: 10.3920/bm2022.0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Diet is considered as a major driver of gut microbiota composition. However, little is known about the relationship between overall dietary balance and gut microbiota, especially in the elderly. Here, using the Quantitative Index for Dietary Diversity (QUANTIDD), we analysed the relationships between dietary diversity and gut microbiota diversity in 445 Japanese subjects aged 65-90 years. We also examined the effect of age by comparing the young-old group aged 65 to 74 years (<75 years group; n=246) and the old-old group aged 75 years and older (≥75 years group; n=199). QUANTIDD showed significant positive relationships with Pielou's evenness and Shannon indices, two α-diversity indices related to the uniformity of species distribution. This suggests that a more diverse diet is associated with a more uniform abundance of various bacterial groups, rather than a greater variety of gut bacteria. QUANTIDD also showed significant positive associations with the abundance of Anaerostipes, Eubacterium eligens group, and Eubacterium ventriosum group, which produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and are beneficial to health. Negative association was found with the abundance of Ruminococcus gnavus group, which produces inflammatory polysaccharides. Positive associations between QUANTIDD and α-diversity indices or the abundance of specific bacterial groups were identified among all subjects and in the <75 years group, but not in the ≥75 years group. Our results suggest that dietary diversity contributes to the diversity of the gut microbiota and increases the abundance of SCFAs-producing bacteria, but only up to a certain age. These findings help to understand the complex relationship between diet and gut microbiota, and provide hints for specific dietary interventions to promote beneficial gut microbiota in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Amamoto
- Food Research Department, Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - K Shimamoto
- Food Research Department, Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - T Suwa
- Food Research Department, Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - S Park
- Exercise Sciences Research Group, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakaecho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - H Matsumoto
- Microbiological Research Department, Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - K Shimizu
- Basic Research Department, Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - M Katto
- Basic Research Department, Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - H Makino
- Food Research Department, Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - S Matsubara
- Food Research Department, Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Y Aoyagi
- Exercise Sciences Research Group, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakaecho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
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Associations of Nutrition-Related, Physical, and Social Factors and Their Combinations with Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Kashiwa Cohort Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14173544. [PMID: 36079802 PMCID: PMC9460705 DOI: 10.3390/nu14173544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Sarcopenia is a major cause of frailty, which relates to nutrition-related, physical, and social factors. In this study, we aimed to discuss the cross-sectional association of sarcopenia with the above three factors both individually and comprehensively. Methods: Overall, 1257 older adults (≥65 years old) participated in this study. Sarcopenia was determined via the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 criteria. The independent variables for nutrition-related, physical, and social factors and especially their criteria for health condition were defined separately. Binomial logistic regression analysis was carried out to testify the associations of sarcopenia with three factors individually and in combination. Results: The mean age was 74.6 (±5.5), and women were 47.7%. Sarcopenia prevalence was 7.5%. Participants who did not meet the criteria of nutritional health, physical fitness, or social robustness independently had significant associations with a higher adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of sarcopenia or its indices of lower grip strength, muscle mass, or gait speed. In comparison to participants meeting three criteria, those who met two, one, or none showed (marginally) significant association with increased aOR for sarcopenia (aOR (95% confidence interval)): two: 1.97 (0.84–4.64); one: 2.35 (1.00–5.23); none: 5.52 (2.30–13.23). Conclusions: Comprehensive countermeasures with the above three factors are indispensable for sarcopenia prevention.
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Hsiao FY, Peng LN, Lee WJ, Chen LK. Higher dietary diversity and better healthy aging: A 4-year study of community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults from the Taiwan Longitudinal Study of Aging. Exp Gerontol 2022; 168:111929. [PMID: 35977645 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the relationship between dietary diversity and healthy aging (in terms of mobility performance, physical functions, cognitive functions, and depressive symptoms) among community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults by using a nationally representative population-based cohort study. METHODS Data from 3213 study participants in the Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging (TLSA) were retrieved for analysis, and all participants were divided into five groups according to the quintile of dietary variety scores (DVSs). In the 4-year follow-up study, multivariate logistic regression models were applied to investigate the associations between DVS subgroups and declines in mobility performance, physical function (activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs)), cognitive function and depressive symptoms. RESULTS In this study, the DVS quintile identified people who were significantly vulnerable in diet quality. Among those in the lowest DVS quintile, the proportions consuming seafood, eggs, and beans/legumes per week were 0.3 %, 7.8 % and 12.6 %, respectively, while among those in the highest DVS quintile, the proportions were 40.2 %, 83.1 %, and 82.7 %, respectively. "Inverse" dose-response associations were observed between the DVS and the risks of decline in mobility performance, physical function (ADLs and IADLs), cognitive function, and depressive symptoms. These risks decreased with the higher DVS quintile group as compared to the lowest DVS quintile group. Even after adjustments for demographics, health behaviors (e.g., physical activity) and comorbidities, participants in the highest DVS quintile group were still associated with the lowest risk of decline in ADLs (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.59 [95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.37-0.94], p < 0.05) and IADLs (aOR 0.53 [0.39-0.73], p < 0.01). However, no such association was observed in the risk of worsened mobility performance, cognitive function and depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, higher dietary diversity has protective effects in declines in multidimensional outcomes associated with healthy aging, particularly physical (ADL and IADL) functions, among community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults. Intervention studies are needed to confirm the causal relationships between dietary diversity and healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Yuan Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Li-Ning Peng
- Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Healthy Longevity and Aging Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ju Lee
- Center for Healthy Longevity and Aging Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital Yuanshan Branch, Yi-Lan, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Kung Chen
- Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Healthy Longevity and Aging Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Taipei Municipal Gan-Dau Hospital (Managed by Taipei Veterans General Hospital), Taipei, Taiwan.
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31
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Takabayashi S, Hirata T, Zhao W, Kimura T, Ukawa S, Tsushita K, Wakai K, Kawamura T, Ando M, Tamakoshi A. Association of dietary diversity with all‐cause mortality by body mass index in Japanese older adults: An age‐specific prospective cohort study (
NISSIN
project). Geriatr Gerontol Int 2022; 22:736-744. [DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saeka Takabayashi
- Department of Public Health Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University Sapporo Japan
| | - Takumi Hirata
- Department of Public Health Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine Sapporo Japan
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Science, Nara Medical University Kashihara Japan
| | - Wenjing Zhao
- Department of Public Health Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine Sapporo Japan
- School of Public Health and Emergency Management Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen People's Republic of China
| | - Takashi Kimura
- Department of Public Health Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine Sapporo Japan
| | - Shigekazu Ukawa
- Department of Social Services and Clinical Psychology Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University Osaka Japan
| | - Kazuyo Tsushita
- Comprehensive Health Science Center, Aichi Health Promotion Public Interest Foundation Japan
| | - Kenji Wakai
- Department of Preventive Medicine Nagoya University, Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya Japan
| | | | - Masahiko Ando
- Center for Advanced Medicine and Clinical Research Nagoya University Hospital Nagoya Japan
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Department of Public Health Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University Sapporo Japan
- Department of Public Health Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine Sapporo Japan
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32
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Besora-Moreno M, E L, R-M V, L T, A P, R S. Antioxidant-rich foods, antioxidant supplements, and sarcopenia in old-young adults ≥55 years old: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies and randomized controlled trials. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:2308-2324. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Lyu W, Tanaka T, Son BK, Akishita M, Iijima K. Associations of multi-faceted factors and their combinations with frailty in Japanese community-dwelling older adults: Kashiwa Cohort Study. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2022; 102:104734. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2022.104734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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34
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Van Elswyk ME, Teo L, Lau CS, Shanahan CJ. Dietary Patterns and the Risk of Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Curr Dev Nutr 2022; 6:nzac001. [PMID: 35542386 PMCID: PMC9071101 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzac001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this systematic review is to examine the relationship between dietary patterns and sarcopenia using a protocol developed for use by the 2020 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee, and to conduct a meta-analysis to summarize the evidence. Multiple electronic databases were searched for studies investigating sarcopenia risk factors or risk of sarcopenia and dietary patterns. Eligible studies were 1) peer-reviewed controlled trials or observational trials, 2) involving adult or older-adult human subjects who were healthy and/or at risk for chronic disease, 3) comparing the effect of consumption or adherence to dietary patterns (measured as an index/score, factor or cluster analysis; reduced rank regression; or a macronutrient distribution), and 4) reported on measures of skeletal muscle mass, muscle strength, muscle performance, and/or risk of sarcopenia. Thirty-eight publications met all inclusion criteria for qualitative synthesis. Thirteen observational studies met inclusion criteria for meta-analysis. Higher adherence to a healthy dietary pattern was associated with a decreased risk of gait speed reduction (OR = 0.58; 95% CI: 0.18, 0.97). The association between healthy dietary pattern adherence and other intermediate markers or risk of sarcopenia was not statistically significant. The majority of individual studies were judged as "serious" risk of bias and analysis of the collective evidence base was suggestive of publication bias. Studies suggest a significant association between healthy dietary patterns and maintenance of gait speed with age, an intermediate marker of sarcopenia risk, but the evidence base is limited by serious risk of bias, within and between studies. Further research is needed to understand the association between healthy dietary patterns and risk of sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lynn Teo
- Teo Research Consulting, Portland, ME, USA
| | - Clara S Lau
- National Cattlemen's Beef Association, a contractor to the Beef Checkoff, Washington, DC, USA
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35
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Nakamoto M, Kanmura M, Yoshida M, Tanaka Y, Ono S, Iwasaki Y, Nakamoto A, Sakai T. Validity of dietary diversity assessed using short-form questionnaire among older Japanese community dwellers. THE JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INVESTIGATION 2022; 69:31-37. [PMID: 35466143 DOI: 10.2152/jmi.69.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
The validity of dietary variety score (DVS) using a short-form questionnaire has not been investigated using dietary diversity based on a quantitative distribution of consumed foods in older Japanese. We examined the association between DVS and objective dietary diversity using a Quantitative Index for Dietary Diversity (QUANTIDD) based on the quantitative distribution of foods consumed by older Japanese community dwellers. The subjects were 65 older Japanese community dwellers aged 60?79 years. We used two kinds of scores for assessment of dietary diversity. At first, dietary diversity was determined using DVS calculated from answers to a questionnaire about frequencies of intake of 10 food groups. Second, dietary intake was assessed using a 3-day dietary record with photographs, and dietary diversity was determined using QUANTIDD. The relationships between DVS and QUANTIDD were assessed using partial correlation coefficients controlling for confounders. The correlation coefficient between DVS and QUANTIDD was moderate (r=0.212-0.458). After controlling for confounders, those correlation coefficient between DVS and QUANTIDD remained moderate. The findings suggest that there was a moderate relationship between DVS and QUANTIDD, and DVS using a short-form questionnaire may be useful for assessing dietary diversity in older Japanese community dwellers. J. Med. Invest. 69 : 31-37, February, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Nakamoto
- Department of Public Health and Applied Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Miku Kanmura
- Department of Public Health and Applied Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Mai Yoshida
- Department of Public Health and Applied Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yukiko Tanaka
- Department of Public Health and Applied Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Satomi Ono
- Department of Public Health and Applied Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yuki Iwasaki
- Department of Public Health and Applied Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Akiko Nakamoto
- Department of Public Health and Applied Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Tohru Sakai
- Department of Public Health and Applied Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
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36
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Abe T, Nofuji Y, Seino S, Hata T, Narita M, Yokoyama Y, Amano H, Kitamura A, Shinkai S, Fujiwara Y. Behavior changes and functional capacity Physical, social, and dietary behavioral changes during the COVID-19 crisis and their effects on functional capacity in older adults. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2022; 101:104708. [PMID: 35489311 PMCID: PMC9022396 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2022.104708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background This two-year follow-up study aimed to identify factors associated with unhealthy behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic and examine their impact on functional capacity in older adults. Methods Altogether, 536 adults aged ≥65 years participated in this study. The frequency of going out, exercise habits, face-to-face and non-face-to-face interactions, social participation, and eating habits were examined as behavioral factors before and after the first declaration of a state of emergency in Japan. Functional capacity was assessed using the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence. Results Using latent class analysis considering changes in the six behaviors, the participants were divided into healthy (n = 289) and unhealthy (n = 247) behavior groups. The male sex was associated with 2.36 times higher odds, diabetes with 2.19 times higher odds, depressive mood with 1.83 times higher odds, poor subjective economic status with 2.62 times higher odds, and living alone with 44% lower odds of being unhealthy. The unhealthy behavior group showed significantly decreased functional capacity (B =−1.56 [−1.98, −1.14]) than the healthy behavior group. For each behavior, negative changes in going out (B =−0.99 [−1.60, −0.37]), face-to-face interaction (B =−0.65 [−1.16, −0.13]), and non-face-to-face interactions (B =−0.80 [−1.36, −0.25]) were associated with a decline in functional capacity. Conclusion Our results showed four factors associated with engaging in unhealthy lifestyle behaviors and how behavioral changes affect functional capacity decline during the COVID-19 pandemic, which will help to develop public health approaches
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Abe
- Integrated Research Initiative for Living Well with Dementia, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia.
| | - Yu Nofuji
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Satoshi Seino
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Toshiki Hata
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; Department of Food and Nutritional Science, Graduate School of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Miki Narita
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Yuri Yokoyama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Hidenori Amano
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kitamura
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; Health Town Development Science Centre, Yao City Health Centre, 1-1-1 Honmachi, Yao City, Osaka 581-0003, Japan
| | - Shoji Shinkai
- Department of Nutrition, Kagawa Nutrition University, 3-9-21 Chiyoda, Sakado, Saitama 350-0288, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Fujiwara
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
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37
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Watanabe D, Yoshida T, Itoi A, Nanri H, Yamada Y, Miyachi M, Kimura M. How many food items must be consumed to meet the recommended dietary protein intake for older Japanese adults? Geriatr Gerontol Int 2022; 22:181-183. [PMID: 35016254 PMCID: PMC9303545 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Watanabe
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan.,Institute for Active Health, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, Kameoka, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Yoshida
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan.,Institute for Active Health, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, Kameoka, Japan.,Senior Citizen's Welfare Section, Kameoka City Government, Kameoka, Japan
| | - Aya Itoi
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Health, Sports and Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Kobe Women's University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hinako Nanri
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Yamada
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan.,Institute for Active Health, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, Kameoka, Japan
| | - Motohiko Miyachi
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan.,Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Misaka Kimura
- Institute for Active Health, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, Kameoka, Japan.,Department of Nursing, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kyotanabe, Japan.,Laboratory of Applied Health Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | -
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan.,Institute for Active Health, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, Kameoka, Japan
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38
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Hata T, Seino S, Yokoyama Y, Narita M, Nishi M, Hida A, Shinkai S, Kitamura A, Fujiwara Y. Interaction of Eating Status and Dietary Variety on Incident Functional Disability among Older Japanese Adults. J Nutr Health Aging 2022; 26:698-705. [PMID: 35842760 PMCID: PMC9209632 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-022-1817-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine whether eating status and dietary variety were associated with functional disability during a 5-year follow-up analysis of older adults living in a Japanese metropolitan area. DESIGN A 5-year follow-up study. SETTING Ota City, Tokyo, Japan. PARTICIPANTS A total of 10,308 community-dwelling non-disabled adults aged 65-84 years. MEASUREMENTS Eating status was assessed using a self-reported questionnaire. Dietary variety was assessed using the dietary variety score (DVS). Based on the responses, participants were classified according to eating alone or together and DVS categories (low: 0-3; high: 4-10). Functional disability incidence was prospectively identified using the long-term care insurance system's nationally unified database. Multilevel survival analyses calculated the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for incident functional disability. RESULTS During a 5-year follow-up, 1,991 (19.3%) individuals had functional disabilities. Eating status or DVS were not independently associated with incident functional disability. However, interaction terms between eating status and DVS were associated with functional disability; HR (95% CI) for eating together and low DVS was 1.00 (0.90-1.11), eating alone and high DVS was 0.95 (0.77-1.17), and eating alone and low DVS was 1.20 (1.02-1.42), compared to those with eating together and high DVS. CONCLUSION Older adults should avoid eating alone or increase dietary variety to prevent functional disability. This can be ensured by providing an environment of eating together or food provision services for eating a variety of foods in the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hata
- Yoshinori Fujiwara, MD, PhD., Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi City, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan, E-mail: , Phone: +81 (3) 3964-3241 ext. 4257, Fax: +81 (3) 3579-4776
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Positive Association between High Protein Food Intake Frequency and Physical Performance and Higher-Level Functional Capacity in Daily Life. Nutrients 2021; 14:nu14010072. [PMID: 35010947 PMCID: PMC8746446 DOI: 10.3390/nu14010072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutritional factors, including low protein intake and poor dietary variety, affect age-associated impairment in physical performance resulting in physical frailty. This cross-sectional study investigated the association between intake frequency of major high protein foods and both physical performance and higher-level functional capacity using the food frequency score (FFS) and high protein food frequency score (PFFS) among community-dwelling older adults. The data of 1185 older adults categorized into quartiles based on FFS and PFFS were analyzed. After adjusting for covariates, FFS and PFFS were significantly associated with physical performance [FFS, usual gait speed (p for trend = 0.007); PFFS, usual gait speed (p for trend < 0.001), maximum gait speed (p for trend = 0.002), timed up and go (p for trend = 0.025)], and higher-level functional capacity [FFS (p for trend < 0.001); PFFS (p for trend < 0.001)]. After excluding PFFS data, the participants’ scores were associated with only higher-level functional capacity. Multi-regression analysis with higher-level functional capacity as the covariate showed that FFS and PFFS were significantly correlated with physical performance. Hence, improving food intake frequency, particularly that of high protein foods, and dietary variety may help maintain higher-level functional capacity and physical performance in community-dwelling older adults.
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Seino S, Nofuji Y, Yokoyama Y, Abe T, Nishi M, Yamashita M, Narita M, Hata T, Shinkai S, Kitamura A, Fujiwara Y. Combined impacts of physical activity, dietary variety, and social interaction on incident functional disability in older Japanese adults. J Epidemiol 2021. [PMID: 34924454 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20210392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This 3.6-year prospective study examined combined impacts of physical activity, dietary variety, and social interaction on incident disability and estimated population-attributable fraction for disability reduction in older adults. METHODS Participants were 7,822 initially non-disabled residents (3,966 men; 3,856 women) aged 65-84 years of Ota City, Tokyo, Japan. Sufficiency of moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) ≥150 min/week, dietary variety score (DVS) ≥3 (median), and social interaction (face-to-face and/or non-face-to-face) ≥1 time/week was assessed using self-administered questionnaires. Disability incidence was prospectively identified using the long-term care insurance system's nationally unified database. RESULTS During a follow-up of 3.6 years, 1,046 (13.4%) individuals had disabilities. Independent multivariate-hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals of MVPA, DVS, and social interaction sufficiency for incident disability were 0.68 (0.59-0.78), 0.87 (0.77-0.99), and 0.91 (0.79-1.03), respectively. Incident disability HRs (95% CIs) gradually reduced with increased frequency of satisfying these behaviors (any one: 0.82, 0.65-1.03; any two: 0.65, 0.52-0.82; and all three behaviors: 0.54, 0.43-0.69), in an inverse dose-response manner (P < 0.001 for trend). Population-attributable fraction for disability reduction in satisfying any one, any two, and all three behaviors were 4.0% (-0.2, 7.9), 9.6% (4.8-14.1), and 16.0% (8.7-22.8), respectively. CONCLUSION Combining active physical activity, dietary variety, and social interaction substantially enhances the impacts on preventing disability among older adults, with evidence of an inverse dose-response manner. Adding the insufficient behavior element to individual habits and preexisting social group activities may be effective in preventing disability in the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Seino
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | - Yu Nofuji
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | - Yuri Yokoyama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | - Takumi Abe
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology.,Integrated Research Initiative for Living Well with Dementia, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | - Mariko Nishi
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | - Mari Yamashita
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology.,Integrated Research Initiative for Living Well with Dementia, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | - Miki Narita
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | - Toshiki Hata
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | - Shoji Shinkai
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology.,Department of Nutrition Sciences, Kagawa Nutrition University
| | - Akihiko Kitamura
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology.,Health Town Development Science Center, Yao City Health Center
| | - Yoshinori Fujiwara
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology.,Integrated Research Initiative for Living Well with Dementia, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
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Yamada K, Yamaguchi S, Ito YM, Ohe T. Factors associated with mobility decrease leading to disability: a cross-sectional nationwide study in Japan, with results from 8681 adults aged 20-89 years. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:651. [PMID: 34798834 PMCID: PMC8603520 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02600-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mobility decrease leading to disability can gradually develop during early life, however, its related factors are not well clarified. Therefore, we investigate the related factors of mobility decrease at various levels, using nationwide data in Japan. Methods In total, 8681 independent community dwellers aged 20-89 years were analysed (average age, 51.6 years; 58.5% women). Three stages of mobility decrease were based on the locomotive syndrome risk test: Stage 1, emerging; Stage 2, progressing; Stage 3, progressed to restrict social engagement. Age was analysed using a simple quadratic function model. Results The prevalence of Stages 1-3 was 31.6% (n = 2746), 5.8% (n = 504), and 3.2% (n = 278), respectively. On the multivariable logistic regression, increased age in participants aged ≥40 years (stage 1: odds ratio[OR] 1.05-1.20, stage 2: OR 1.04-1.22, stage 3: OR 1.05-1.22), female (stage 1: OR 2.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.99-2.61, stage 2: OR 2.40, 95% CI 1.77-3.25, stage 3: OR 1.80, 95% CI 1.19-2.72), overweight status (stage 1: OR 1.56, 95% CI 1.34-1.82, stage 2: OR 3.19, 95% CI 2.38-4.27, stage 3: OR 2.87, 95% CI 1.90-4.32), hypertension (stage 1: OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.01-1.41, stage 2: OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.49-2.64, stage 3: OR 2.10, 95% CI 1.44-3.05), and diabetes mellitus (stage 1: OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.17-2.24, stage 2: OR 1.57, 95% CI 0.93-2.66, stage 3: OR 2.10, 95% CI 1.13-3.90) were positively associated. The frequency of physical activity/sports, even a few per month, was inversely associated with all stages (stage 1: OR 0.59-0.72, stage 2: OR 0.50-0.67, stage 3: 0.36-0.53). A one-year increase in age had a stronger impact on mobility decrease in older adults than in younger ones. Increased age in participants aged < 40 years and smoking were associated with Stage 1, while intake of various foods was inversely associated with Stages 1 and 2. Conclusion Increased age (< 40 years) was associated with emerging mobility decrease, while that (≥ 40 years) was associated with any levels of mobility decrease. Female, lifestyle habits, including physical activities and overweight status, were associated with mobility decrease at every level. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12877-021-02600-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Yamada
- Departments of Sensory & Motor System Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. .,Department of Planning, Information and Management, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Yamaguchi
- Collage of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoichi M Ito
- Data Science Center, Promotion Unit, Institute of Health Science Innovation for Medical Care, Hokkaido University Hospital, Kita 14-Jyo Nishi 5-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takashi Ohe
- Department of Orhtopaedic Surgery, NTT Medical Center, 5-19-22, Higashigotanda, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Hurst C, Murray JC, Granic A, Hillman SJ, Cooper R, Sayer AA, Robinson SM, Dodds RM. Long-term conditions, multimorbidity, lifestyle factors and change in grip strength over 9 years of follow-up: Findings from 44,315 UK biobank participants. Age Ageing 2021; 50:2222-2229. [PMID: 34657960 PMCID: PMC8581389 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afab195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Weak grip strength is associated with a range of adverse health outcomes and an accelerated decline in grip strength confers an even greater risk. The factors associated with change in grip strength in mid-life remain to be fully determined. Methods We used data from 44,315 UK Biobank participants who had grip strength measured at baseline (2006-10) and a subsequent visit approximately nine years later. At baseline, participants’ long-term conditions (LTCs) were categorised against a hierarchy, with multimorbidity characterised by the number of LTC categories. Lifestyle factors were assessed. Change in grip strength was grouped into four patterns: decline, stable low, stable high or reference (no change or increase) and used as the outcome in multinomial logistic regression. Results Most LTC categories were associated with adverse patterns of change in grip strength (stable low and/or decline): for example, musculoskeletal/trauma conditions were associated with an increased risk of the stable low pattern (Relative Risk Ratio [RRR] = 1.63; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.49-1.79). Multimorbidity and lifestyle factors had independent associations with grip strength change. Those with 3+ categories of LTCs were more likely to experience decline in grip strength (RRR = 1.18; 95% CI: 1.08-1.28) compared to those with none. Low physical activity was associated with adverse patterns of grip strength, while raised body mass index (BMI) had divergent associations. Conclusions Individuals living with multimorbidity and those with lifestyle risk factors such as low physical activity are at increased risk of low muscle strength and the loss of strength over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Hurst
- AGE Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK
| | - James C Murray
- AGE Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Antoneta Granic
- AGE Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Susan J Hillman
- AGE Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Rachel Cooper
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine Research Centre, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
| | - Avan Aihie Sayer
- AGE Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Sian M Robinson
- AGE Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Richard M Dodds
- AGE Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK
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Shinohara T, Saida K, Tanaka S, Murayama A, Higuchi D. Construct validity of the Questionnaire for Older Senior Citizens based on a confirmatory factor analysis: A study during the period of self-restraint to prevent the spread of coronavirus disease 2019. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21:1018-1025. [PMID: 34595820 PMCID: PMC8652813 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Aim This study aims to clarify the construct and criterion‐related validity of the Questionnaire for Older Senior Citizens (QO) during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Methods This cross‐sectional study was conducted in Japan between November 11, 2020 and January 10, 2021. Of the 1645 (63.5%) older adults who responded, data from 900 participants were analyzed. First, we conducted an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) among older‐older adults (aged ≥75 years) and extracted the factors. Next, we conducted a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using structural equation modeling. We also conducted this analysis among younger‐older adults (aged ≥65 and <75 years) using the same model. Moreover, we compared each item of the QO with frailty status. Results Results of the EFA revealed six factors: social conditions and lifestyle, subjective conditions, cognitive functions, physical activity, oral functions, and physical functions. The results of the CFA were as follows: comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.971, adjusted goodness of fit index (AGFI) = 0.978, root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.018, and standardized root mean square residual (SRMR) = 0.030. The results among the younger‐older adults were as follows: CFI = 0.880, AGFI = 0.940, RMSEA = 0.037, and SRMR = 0.048. Many QO items were significantly associated with frailty (P < 0.05). Conclusions Among the older‐older adults group, the model used for the QO has sufficient suitability and construct validity; among the younger‐older adults group, there also is sufficient questionnaire suitability. Moreover, the QO has criterion related validity with frailty. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21: 1018–1025.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Shinohara
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Care, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Takasaki-shi, Japan
| | - Kosuke Saida
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Care, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Takasaki-shi, Japan
| | - Shigeya Tanaka
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Care, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Takasaki-shi, Japan
| | - Akihiko Murayama
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Gunma University of Health and Welfare, Maebashi-shi, Japan
| | - Daisuke Higuchi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Care, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Takasaki-shi, Japan
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Otaki N, Yano M, Yokoro M, Tanino N, Fukuo K. Relationship Between Dietary Variety and Frailty in Older Japanese Women During the Period of Restriction on Outings Due to COVID-19. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2021; 76:e256-e262. [PMID: 33458752 PMCID: PMC7798548 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbaa218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study investigated the relationship between diet and frailty in community-dwelling older adults during the period of restriction on outings due to COVID-19. A population of 322 women aged 65 years or older living in the community was recruited for the study, of whom 253 were analyzed. Method A mail survey was carried out in May 2020, targeting adults aged 65 years or older. The survey included questions regarding sex, age, height, weight, and social participation. Dietary variety score and frailty score were also calculated. Results Mean age for the 253 participants was 80.0±6.4 years. Dietary variety score and frailty score were significantly correlated under linear regression analysis (β :-0.224, P < 0.001). In multivariate regression analysis, these factors remained significantly correlated in Model 2 , which was adjusted for age (β :-0.229, P < 0.001), and Model 3, which was adjusted for age, BMI, and other confounding factors (β :-0.208, P = 0.001). Conclusion Diet was correlated with frailty in older adults living in the community during the period of restriction on outings due to COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Otaki
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, School of Human Environmental Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo, Japan.,Research Institute for Nutrition Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Megumu Yano
- Research Institute for Nutrition Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Miyuki Yokoro
- Research Institute for Nutrition Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo, Japan.,Department of Dietary Life and Food Sciences, Junior College Division, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Norikazu Tanino
- Research Institute for Nutrition Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Fukuo
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, School of Human Environmental Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo, Japan.,Research Institute for Nutrition Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo, Japan
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Association between Diet Quality and Sarcopenia in Older Adults: Systematic Review of Prospective Cohort Studies. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11080811. [PMID: 34440555 PMCID: PMC8399213 DOI: 10.3390/life11080811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Nutrition is a key determinant of sarcopenia in later life. (2) Methods: A systematic review of prospective cohort studies examining association of diet quality with muscle mass (MM), muscle strength (MS) or physical performance (PP) among older adults was conducted. A total of 22,885 results were obtained from a literature search in MEDLINE via PubMed and EMBASE up to November 2020. Inclusion criteria included diet quality assessment via dietary indices or statistical approaches, a sample of adults aged 45 years and over at baseline in a longitudinal study design. (3) Results: Of the 22,885 cohort studies, 14 studies were eligible. Meaningful results were obtained for the Mediterranean diet and Nordic diet regarding the decrease of sarcopenia risk, however results from non-European countries were inconsistent. In addition, due to the insufficient number of studies on Japanese Food Guide Spinning Top (JFG-ST), dietary variety score (DVS), and dietary quality index-international (DQI-I), effectiveness was difficult to prove. Studies using factor analysis to examine dietary patterns suggested that the risk of sarcopenia is increased with a high in saturated fat diet such as westernized pattern etc. (4) Conclusion: In this systematic review it was found that various diet qualities are meaningful to a decreased risk of sarcopenia.
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Effectiveness of a community-wide intervention for population-level frailty and functional health in older adults: A 2-year cluster nonrandomized controlled trial. Prev Med 2021; 149:106620. [PMID: 33992656 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This cluster nonrandomized controlled trial examined the effectiveness of a 2-year community-wide intervention (CWI) on population-level frailty and functional health among older adults. We allocated 18 districts in Ota City, Tokyo, Japan, to intervention (3 districts, A-C) and control (15 districts) groups. Of the 15,500 stratified randomly sampled residents aged 65-84 years, 11,701 (6009 in intervention and 5692 in control groups) gave valid responses to the baseline survey and were followed for 2 years. Using participatory action research framework, we developed an evidence-based CWI to promote frailty prevention. The outcomes were changes in frailty (primary), functional health (secondary, i.e., physical, nutritional, and psychosocial variables), and awareness. Primary analyses showed no significant group by time interactions in frailty prevalence (difference in multivariate-adjusted change between groups, 1.8 percentage points [PP] [95% CI, -0.1, 3.6]). Although changes in functional health were similar between groups, prespecified subgroup analyses showed a benefit for ≥150 min/week of walking (3.9 PP [1.9-5.8]) in district A, and for exercise ≥1 time/week (2.1 PP [0.1-4.0]), Motor Fitness Scale (0.10 points [0.01-0.20]), Dietary Variety Score (DVS) (0.10 points [0.01-0.18]), DVS of ≥7 (2.0 PP [0.01-4.1]), and going outdoors ≥1 time/day (2.1 PP [0.1-4.1]) in district C. Awareness of our CWI was significantly higher in the intervention group (multivariate-adjusted difference between groups, 5.8 PP [3.9-7.8]). This CWI increased awareness in intervention group and improved population-level functional health in intervention subgroups in the short term but was not effective for population-level frailty prevention at 2 years. Trial registration: UMIN-CTR (UMIN000026515).
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Murayama H, Taguchi A, Spencer MS, Yamaguchi T. Efficacy of a Community Health Worker-Based Intervention in Improving Dietary Habits Among Community-Dwelling Older People: A Controlled, Crossover Trial in Japan. HEALTH EDUCATION & BEHAVIOR 2021; 47:47-56. [PMID: 31933395 DOI: 10.1177/1090198119891975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background. Community health workers (CHWs), often called "health promotion volunteers" in Japan, are individuals who act as a natural helping resource in the community. Aim. This study tested the efficacy of a CHW-based intervention to improve dietary habits among community-dwelling older people in Japan, using a controlled, crossover design. Method. Seventy-eight people aged 65 to 74 years with poor dietary variety living in four administrative districts in Hikone City (Shiga Prefecture, Japan) were nonrandomly allocated to an immediate-intervened group (IIG; n = 41) or a delayed-intervened group (DIG; n = 37). Participants joined a biweekly, four-session program (120 minutes/session), comprising "CHW drama-style lectures," "group discussion among participants and CHWs," "tasting of dishes," and "take-home practical activities." For the initial 2-month period, the IIG received the intervention and the DIG did not. The groups were crossed over for the subsequent 2-month period. The primary outcome measure was participants' dietary variety score (score range: 0-10). Results. The dietary variety score in the IIG significantly increased in the initial 2-month period compared with the DIG (effect size 1.60 points; 95% confidence interval: 0.75, 2.45). The intervention had a similar effect in the DIG in the subsequent 2-month period. Moreover, an analysis within the IIG showed that the intervention effects persisted for at least 2 months after the intervention. Conclusions. The CHW-based intervention improved dietary habits among older people. Our findings provide evidence that a CHW-based natural helping approach is a possible solution to promote healthy aging in the community.
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Figgins E, Pieruccini-Faria F, Speechley M, Montero-Odasso M. Potentially modifiable risk factors for slow gait in community-dwelling older adults: A systematic review. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 66:101253. [PMID: 33429086 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Slow gait speed in older adults is associated with increased risk for falls and fractures, functional dependence, multimorbidity, and even mortality. The risk of these adverse outcomes can be reduced by intervening on potentially modifiable risk factors. The purpose of this systematic review was to identify potentially modifiable risk factors associated with slow gait speed and clinically meaningful gait speed decline in older community-dwelling adults. METHODS Literature searches were conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL, Google Scholar, and in the bibliographies of retrieved articles. RESULTS Forty studies met the inclusion criteria for qualitative review. Study designs were cross-sectional and longitudinal. Operational definitions of 'slow gait' and 'meaningful gait speed decline' were variable and based on sample distributions (e.g. quartiles), external criteria (e.g. < 0.8 m/s), and dynamic changes over time (e.g. ≥ 0.05 m/s decline per year). Twenty-six potentially modifiable risk factors were assessed in at least two studies. The risk factors most commonly investigated and that showed significant associations with slow gait and/or meaningful gait speed decline include physical activity, education, body mass index-obesity, pain, and depression/depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that there are modifiable targets to maintain gait speed that are amenable to potential treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Figgins
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, Kresge Building, Room K201, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada; Gait and Brain Laboratory, Parkwood Institute, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada.
| | - Frederico Pieruccini-Faria
- Gait and Brain Laboratory, Parkwood Institute, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada; Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6C 0A7, Canada.
| | - Mark Speechley
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, Kresge Building, Room K201, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada; Gait and Brain Laboratory, Parkwood Institute, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada; Schulich Interfaculty Program in Public Health, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6G 2M1, Canada.
| | - Manuel Montero-Odasso
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, Kresge Building, Room K201, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada; Gait and Brain Laboratory, Parkwood Institute, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada; Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6C 0A7, Canada.
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Narita M, Kitamura A, Taniguchi Y, Seino S, Yokoyama Y, Nofuji Y, Amano H, Nishi M, Takemi Y, Shinkai S. [Trajectories of Dietary Variety Score among community-dwelling older Japanese and their related factors]. Nihon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi 2021; 58:81-90. [PMID: 33627566 DOI: 10.3143/geriatrics.58.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM To categorize the age-related trajectories of dietary variety score (DVS) in the community-dwelling elderly and to examine the associated factors. METHODS The study population included 1,195 people who underwent a medical checkup for the elderly in Kusatsu-town, Gunma Prefecture in 2012 to 2017. A multinomial logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the factors associated with the age-related trajectories of DVS. The dependent variables were sex, age, family structure, years of education, BMI, subjective chewing ability, TMIG-IC, GDS-15, MMSE, smoking, alcohol consumption, and history of hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and stroke. RESULTS The adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence intervals) of the low trajectory group in comparison to the medium trajectory group were 2.69 (1.02-7.08) for subjective chewing ability (no chewing), 1.11 (1.06-1.17) for GDS-15, 1.76 (1.14-2.73) for current smoking, and 1.70 (1.19-2.43) for past smoking. In contrast, the adjusted odds ratio of the high trajectory group in comparison to the medium trajectory group were 0.61 (0.37-1.00) for men, 1.04 (1.01-1.07) for age, 0.58 (0.38-0.89) for subjective masticatory ability (difficult to chew), 0.88 (0.82-0.96) for GDS-15, and 0.55 (0.37-0.83) for a history of hypertension. CONCLUSIONS The age-related trajectory patterns of DVS in the community-dwelling elderly can be categorized into three types. In order to maintain a high quality of food intake, it was shown that, in addition to subjective masticatory ability and mental health factors, such as depression, we should pay attention to the control of hypertension, which is a risk factor for lifestyle diseases, and lifestyle habits such as smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yu Nofuji
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | | | | | | | - Shoji Shinkai
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology.,Kagawa Nutrition University
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Dietary variety is associated with sleep efficiency in urban-dwelling older adults: A longitudinal study. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2021; 41:391-397. [PMID: 33487295 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Improving sleep quality is important for an aging society. However, no study has been conducted on the association between dietary variety and sleep efficiency among older Japanese adults using longitudinal data. The current study is a longitudinal study that aimed to elucidate the association between dietary variety and sleep efficiency in older Japanese adults. METHODS This study was conducted among older adults (≥70 years old in 2016) in the metropolitan area of Tokyo, Japan, between 2016 and 2018. Dietary variety score (DVS) and sleep efficiency were determined for all participants and were used to assess dietary habits and sleep quality, respectively. A cross-lagged panel analysis was used to consider the prospective associations between DVS and sleep efficiency, and this analysis was performed before and after adjusting for possible covariates in the 2016 data. RESULTS After adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, current drinking status, current smoking status, exercise habits, living (alone or with others) style, the Japanese version of the Geriatric Depression Scale (Short Form), sleep duration and retiring time the DVS in 2016 predicted the sleep efficiency in 2018 (β = 0.130, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The possibility that DVS can predict sleep efficiency 2 years later was demonstrated.
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