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Thangeswaran D, Shamsuddin S, Balakrishnan V. A comprehensive review on the progress and challenges of tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives as a promising therapeutic agent to treat Alzheimer's disease. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30788. [PMID: 38803973 PMCID: PMC11128835 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder worldwide. While the precise mechanism behind this rapid progression and multifaceted disease remains unknown, the numerous drawbacks of the available therapies are prevalent, necessitating effective alternative treatment methods. In view of the rising demand for effective AD treatment, numerous reports have shown that tetrahydroisoquinoline (THIQ) is a valuable scaffold in various clinical medicinal molecules and has a promising potential as a therapeutic agent in treating AD due to its significant neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative properties via several mechanisms that target the altered signaling pathways. Therefore, this review comprehensively outlines the potential application of THIQ derivatives in AD treatment and the challenges in imparting the action of these prospective therapeutic agents. The review emphasizes a number of THIQ derivatives, including Dauricine, jatrorrhizine, 1MeTIQ, and THICAPA, that have been incorporated in AD studies in recent years. Subsequently, a dedicated section of the review briefly discusses the emerging potential benefits of multi-target therapeutics, which lie in their ability to be integrated with alternative therapeutics. Eventually, this review elaborates on the rising challenges and future recommendations for the development of therapeutic drug agents to treat AD effectively. In essence, the valuable research insights of THIQ derivatives presented in this comprehensive review would serve as an integral reference for future studies to develop potent therapeutic drugs for AD research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danesh Thangeswaran
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Shaharum Shamsuddin
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Nanobiotech Research Initiative, Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Venugopal Balakrishnan
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Penang, Malaysia
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András IE, Serrano N, Djuraskovic I, Fattakhov N, Sun E, Toborek M. Extracellular Vesicle-Serpine-1 Affects Neural Progenitor Cell Mitochondrial Networks and Synaptic Density: Modulation by Amyloid Beta and HIV-1. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:6441-6465. [PMID: 37458985 PMCID: PMC10533645 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03456-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Brain endothelial extracellular vesicles carrying amyloid beta (EV-Aβ) can be transferred to neural progenitor cells (NPCs) leading to NPC dysfunction. However, the events involved in this EV-mediated Aβ pathology are unclear. EV-proteomics studies identified Serpine-1 (plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, PAI-1) as a major connecting "hub" on several protein-protein interaction maps. Serpine-1 was described as a key player in Aβ pathology and was linked to HIV-1 infection as well. Therefore, the aim of this work was to address the hypothesis that Serpine-1 can be transferred via EVs from brain endothelial cells (HBMEC) to NPCs and contribute to NPC dysfunction. HBMEC concentrated and released Serpine-1 via EVs, the effect that was potentiated by HIV-1 and Aβ. EVs loaded with Serpine-1 were readily taken up by NPCs, and HIV-1 enhanced this event. Interestingly, a highly specific Serpine-1 inhibitor PAI039 increased EV-Aβ transfer to NPCs in the presence of HIV-1. PAI039 also partially blocked mitochondrial network morphology alterations in the recipient NPCs, which developed mainly after HIV + Aβ-EV transfer. PAI039 partly attenuated HIV-EV-mediated decreased synaptic protein levels in NPCs, while increased synaptic protein levels in NPC projections. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the complex mechanisms underlying EV-Serpine-1 related Aβ pathology in the context of HIV infection. They are relevant to HIV-1 associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) in an effort to elucidate the mechanisms of neuropathology in HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibolya E. András
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami School of Medicine, 1011 NW 15Th Street, Gautier Building, Room 528, Miami, FL 33136-1019 USA
| | - Nelson Serrano
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami School of Medicine, 1011 NW 15Th Street, Gautier Building, Room 528, Miami, FL 33136-1019 USA
| | - Irina Djuraskovic
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami School of Medicine, 1011 NW 15Th Street, Gautier Building, Room 528, Miami, FL 33136-1019 USA
| | - Nikolai Fattakhov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami School of Medicine, 1011 NW 15Th Street, Gautier Building, Room 528, Miami, FL 33136-1019 USA
| | - Enze Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami School of Medicine, 1011 NW 15Th Street, Gautier Building, Room 528, Miami, FL 33136-1019 USA
| | - Michal Toborek
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami School of Medicine, 1011 NW 15Th Street, Gautier Building, Room 528, Miami, FL 33136-1019 USA
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András IE, Serrano N, Djuraskovic I, Fattakhov N, Sun E, Toborek M. Extracellular vesicle-Serpine-1 affects neural progenitor cell mitochondrial functions and synaptic density: modulation by amyloid beta and HIV-1. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2551245. [PMID: 36824983 PMCID: PMC9949237 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2551245/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Brain endothelial extracellular vesicles carrying amyloid beta (EV-Aβ) can be transferred to neural progenitor cells (NPCs) leading to NPC dysfunction. However, the events involved in this EV-mediated Aβ pathology are unclear. EV-proteomics studies identified Serpine-1 (plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, PAI-1) as a major connecting "hub" on several protein-protein interaction maps. Serpine-1 was described as a key player in Aβ pathology and was linked to HIV-1 infection as well. Therefore, the aim of this work was to address the hypothesis that Serpine-1 can be transferred via EVs from brain endothelial cells to NPCs and contribute to NPC dysfunction. HBMEC concentrated and released Serpine-1 via EVs, the effect that was potentiated by HIV-1 and Aβ. EVs loaded with Serpine-1 were readily taken up by NPCs, and HIV-1 enhanced this event. Interestingly, a highly specific Serpine-1 inhibitor PAI039 increased EV-Aβ transfer to NPCs in the presence of HIV-1. PAI039 also partially blocked mitochondrial network morphology and mitochondrial function alterations in the recipient NPCs, which developed mainly after HIV + Aβ-EV transfer. PAI039 partly attenuated HIV-EV-mediated decreased synaptic protein levels in NPCs, while increased synaptic protein levels in NPC projections. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the complex mechanisms underlying EV-Serpine-1 related Aβ pathology in the context of HIV infection. They are relevant to HIV-1 associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) in an effort to elucidate the mechanisms of neuropathology in HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibolya E András
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine: University of Miami School of Medicine
| | - Nelson Serrano
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine: University of Miami School of Medicine
| | - Irina Djuraskovic
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine: University of Miami School of Medicine
| | - Nikolai Fattakhov
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine: University of Miami School of Medicine
| | - Enze Sun
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine: University of Miami School of Medicine
| | - Michal Toborek
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine: University of Miami School of Medicine
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Diaz JR, Martá-Ariza M, Khodadadi-Jamayran A, Heguy A, Tsirigos A, Pankiewicz JE, Sullivan PM, Sadowski MJ. Apolipoprotein E4 Effects a Distinct Transcriptomic Profile and Dendritic Arbor Characteristics in Hippocampal Neurons Cultured in vitro. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:845291. [PMID: 35572125 PMCID: PMC9099260 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.845291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The APOE gene is diversified by three alleles ε2, ε3, and ε4 encoding corresponding apolipoprotein (apo) E isoforms. Possession of the ε4 allele is signified by increased risks of age-related cognitive decline, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and the rate of AD dementia progression. ApoE is secreted by astrocytes as high-density lipoprotein-like particles and these are internalized by neurons upon binding to neuron-expressed apoE receptors. ApoE isoforms differentially engage neuronal plasticity through poorly understood mechanisms. We examined here the effects of native apoE lipoproteins produced by immortalized astrocytes homozygous for ε2, ε3, and ε4 alleles on the maturation and the transcriptomic profile of primary hippocampal neurons. Control neurons were grown in the presence of conditioned media from Apoe -/- astrocytes. ApoE2 and apoE3 significantly increase the dendritic arbor branching, the combined neurite length, and the total arbor surface of the hippocampal neurons, while apoE4 fails to produce similar effects and even significantly reduces the combined neurite length compared to the control. ApoE lipoproteins show no systemic effect on dendritic spine density, yet apoE2 and apoE3 increase the mature spines fraction, while apoE4 increases the immature spine fraction. This is associated with opposing effects of apoE2 or apoE3 and apoE4 on the expression of NR1 NMDA receptor subunit and PSD95. There are 1,062 genes differentially expressed across neurons cultured in the presence of apoE lipoproteins compared to the control. KEGG enrichment and gene ontology analyses show apoE2 and apoE3 commonly activate expression of genes involved in neurite branching, and synaptic signaling. In contrast, apoE4 cultured neurons show upregulation of genes related to the glycolipid metabolism, which are involved in dendritic spine turnover, and those which are usually silent in neurons and are related to cell cycle and DNA repair. In conclusion, our work reveals that lipoprotein particles comprised of various apoE isoforms differentially regulate various neuronal arbor characteristics through interaction with neuronal transcriptome. ApoE4 produces a functionally distinct transcriptomic profile, which is associated with attenuated neuronal development. Differential regulation of neuronal transcriptome by apoE isoforms is a newly identified biological mechanism, which has both implication in the development and aging of the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny R. Diaz
- Department of Neurology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Mitchell Martá-Ariza
- Department of Neurology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Adriana Heguy
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Aristotelis Tsirigos
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Joanna E. Pankiewicz
- Department of Neurology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Patrick M. Sullivan
- Department of Medicine (Geriatrics), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
- Durham VA Medical Center’s, Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Martin J. Sadowski
- Department of Neurology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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Wąsik A, Białoń M, Jantas D, Żarnowska M. The Impact of the Combined Administration of 1MeTIQ and MK-801 on Cell Viability, Oxidative Stress Markers, and Glutamate Release in the Rat Hippocampus. Neurotox Res 2021; 39:1747-1761. [PMID: 34665405 PMCID: PMC8639582 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-021-00428-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
MK-801, as an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor inhibitor, causes elevation in glutamate release, which may lead to an increase in excitotoxicity, oxidative stress and, consequently, cell death. 1-Methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (1MeTIQ) shows antioxidant activity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of combined treatment with 1MeTIQ and MK-801 on cell viability, antioxidant enzyme activity, and glutamate release in the rat hippocampus. Cytotoxicity was measured using lactate dehydrogenase leakage assay (LDH) and the methyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay; antioxidant enzyme activity (glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT)) were measured by ELISA kits. The release of glutamate in the rat hippocampus was measured using in vivo microdialysis methodology. An in vitro study showed that MK-801 induced cell death in a concentration-dependent manner and that 1MeTIQ partially reduced this adverse effect of MK-801. An ex vivo study indicated that MK-801 produced an increase in antioxidant enzyme activity (GPx, GR, and SOD), whereas coadministration of MK-801 and 1MeTIQ restored the activity of these enzymes to the control level. An in vivo microdialysis study demonstrated that combined treatment with both drugs decreased the release of glutamate in the rat hippocampus. The above results revealed that 1MeTIQ shows limited neuroprotective activity under conditions of glutamate-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Wąsik
- Department of Neurochemistry, Maj Institute of Pharmacology PAS, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Białoń
- Department of Neurochemistry, Maj Institute of Pharmacology PAS, Krakow, Poland
| | - Danuta Jantas
- Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology PAS, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marcelina Żarnowska
- Department of Neurochemistry, Maj Institute of Pharmacology PAS, Krakow, Poland
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Pro-cognitive effect of 1MeTIQ on recognition memory in the ketamine model of schizophrenia in rats: the behavioural and neurochemical effects. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2020; 237:1577-1593. [PMID: 32076746 PMCID: PMC7239818 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-020-05484-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Schizophrenia is a mental illness which is characterised by positive and negative symptoms and by cognitive impairments. While the major prevailing hypothesis is that altered dopaminergic and/or glutamatergic transmission contributes to this disease, there is evidence that the noradrenergic system also plays a role in its major symptoms. OBJECTIVES In the present paper, we investigated the pro-cognitive effect of 1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (1MeTIQ) an endogenous neuroprotective compound, on ketamine-modelled schizophrenia in rats. METHODS We used an antagonist of NMDA receptors (ketamine) to model memory deficit symptoms in rats. Using the novel object recognition (NOR) test, we investigated the pro-cognitive effect of 1MeTIQ. Additionally, olanzapine, an atypical antipsychotic drug, was used as a standard to compare the pro-cognitive effects of the substances. In vivo microdialysis studies allowed us to verify the changes in the release of monoamines and their metabolites in the rat striatum. RESULTS Our study demonstrated that 1MeTIQ, similarly to olanzapine, exhibits a pro-cognitive effect in NOR test and enhances memory disturbed by ketamine treatment. Additionally, in vivo microdialysis studies have shown that ketamine powerfully increased noradrenaline release in the rat striatum, while 1MeTIQ and olanzapine completely antagonised this neurochemical effect. CONCLUSIONS 1MeTIQ, as a possible pro-cognitive drug, in contrast to olanzapine, expresses beneficial neuroprotective activity in the brain, increasing concentration of the extraneuronal dopamine metabolite, 3-methoxytyramine (3-MT), which plays an important physiological role in the brain as an inhibitory regulator of catecholaminergic activity. Moreover, we first demonstrated the essential role of noradrenaline release in memory disturbances observed in the ketamine-model of schizophrenia, and its possible participation in negative symptoms of the schizophrenia.
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Comparison of the effects of 1MeTIQ and olanzapine on performance in the elevated plus maze test and monoamine metabolism in the brain after ketamine treatment. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2019; 181:17-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Hou L, Sun F, Huang R, Sun W, Zhang D, Wang Q. Inhibition of NADPH oxidase by apocynin prevents learning and memory deficits in a mouse Parkinson's disease model. Redox Biol 2019; 22:101134. [PMID: 30798073 PMCID: PMC6389731 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The activation of NADPH oxidase contributes to dopaminergic neurodegeneration and motor deficits in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, whether NADPH oxidase is involved in non-motor symptoms, especially cognitive dysfunction in PD remains unknown. This study is undertaken to characterize the effects of inhibition of NADPH oxidase by a widely used NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin on learning and memory deficits in paraquat and maneb-induced mouse PD model. Results showed that mice injected with paraquat and maneb displayed impairments of spatial learning and memory, which was associated with reduced tyrosine hydroxylase expression as well as increased neurodegeneration, synaptic loss, α-synuclein expression and Ser129-phosphorylation in the hippocampus. Interestingly, apocynin treatment significantly ameliorated learning and memory deficits as well as hippocampal neurodegeneration and α-synuclein pathology in mice treated with these two pesticides. Mechanistically, we found that apocynin mitigated paraquat and maneb-induced NADPH oxidase activation and related oxidative stress. Furthermore, reduced microglial activation and M1 polarization were observed in apocynin and paraquat and maneb co-treated mice compared with paraquat and maneb alone group. Finally, apocynin inhibited the activation of signal transducers and activators of transcription 1 (STAT1) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathways, two key regulatory factors for microglial M1 inflammatory responses, in paraquat and maneb-treated mice. Altogether, our findings implied that NADPH oxidase mediates learning and memory deficits in PD, and inhibition of NADPH oxidase by apocynin blocks impairments of learning and memory via the suppression of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Hou
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Fuqiang Sun
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Ruixue Huang
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Wei Sun
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functions, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Qingshan Wang
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China.
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Jia J, Zhang T, Chi J, Liu X, Sun J, Xie Q, Peng S, Li C, Yi L. Neuroprotective Effect of CeO 2@PAA-LXW7 Against H 2O 2-Induced Cytotoxicity in NGF-Differentiated PC12 Cells. Neurochem Res 2018; 43:1439-1453. [PMID: 29882125 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-2559-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
CeO2 nanoparticles (nanoceria) have been used in many studies as a powerful free radical scavenger, and LXW7, a small-molecule peptide, can specifically target the integrin αvβ3, whose neuroprotective effects have also been demonstrated. The objective of this study is to observe the neuroprotective effect and potential mechanism of CeO2@PAA-LXW7, a new compound that couples CeO2@PAA (nanoceria modified with the functional group of polyacrylic acid) with LXW7 via a series of chemical reactions, in H2O2-induced NGF-differentiated PC12 cells. We examined the effects of LXW7, CeO2@PAA, and CeO2@PAA-LXW7 on the viability of primary hippocampal neurons and found that there was no significant difference under control conditions, but increased cellular viability was observed in the case of H2O2-induced injury. We used H2O2-induced NGF-differentiated PC12 cells as the classical injury model to investigate the neuroprotective effect of CeO2@PAA-LXW7. In this study, LXW7, CeO2@PAA, and CeO2@PAA-LXW7 inhibit H2O2-induced oxidative stress by reducing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and regulating Bax/Bcl-2, cleaved caspase-3 and mitochondrial cytochrome C (cyto C) in the apoptotic signaling pathways. We found that the levels of phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) increased significantly in H2O2-induced NGF-differentiated PC12 cells, whereas LXW7, CeO2@PAA, and CeO2@PAA-LXW7 suppressed the increase to different degrees. Among the abovementioned changes, the inhibitory effect of CeO2@PAA-LXW7 on H2O2-induced changes, including the increases in the levels of p-FAK and p-STAT3, is more obvious than that of LXW7 or CeO2@PAA alone. In summary, these results suggest that integrin signaling participates in the regulation of apoptosis via the regulation of ROS and of the apoptosis pathway in H2O2-induced NGF-differentiated PC12 cells. LXW7, CeO2@PAA, and CeO2@PAA-LXW7 can play neuroprotective roles by counteracting the oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by H2O2 in NGF-differentiated PC12 cells. CeO2@PAA-LXW7 exerting a more powerful synergistic effect via the conjunction of LXW7 and CeO2@PAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Jia
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, Guangdong, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Phoenix international medical center, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Jieshan Chi
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoma Liu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingjing Sun
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, Guangdong, China
| | - Qizhi Xie
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, Guangdong, China
| | - Sijia Peng
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, Guangdong, China
| | - Changyan Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China.
| | - Li Yi
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, Guangdong, China.
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Ma L, Zhao Y, Chen Y, Cheng B, Peng A, Huang K. Caenorhabditis elegans as a model system for target identification and drug screening against neurodegenerative diseases. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 819:169-180. [PMID: 29208474 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.11.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decades, Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) has been widely used as a model system because of its small size, transparent body, short generation time and lifespan (~3 days and 3 weeks, respectively), completely sequenced genome and tractability to genetic manipulation. Protein misfolding and aggregation are key pathological features in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Animal models, including C. elegans, have been extensively used to discover and validate new drugs against neurodegenerative diseases. The well-defined and genetically tractable nervous system of C. elegans offers an effective model to explore basic mechanistic pathways of neurodegenerative diseases. Recent progress in high-throughput drug screening also provides a powerful approach for identifying chemical modulators of biological processes. Here, we summarize the latest progress of using C. elegans as a model system for target identification and drug screening in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ma
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yudan Zhao
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yuchen Chen
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Biao Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Anlin Peng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Kun Huang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Center for Biomedicine Research, Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan 430075, China.
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