1
|
Parise RJ, Dassanayake DR, Levis RJ. Pulse Duration Effects on Solution-Phase Protein Desorption in Laser Electrospray Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2023; 34:701-709. [PMID: 36947866 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.2c00362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The effect of laser pulse duration on the ablation of aqueous myoglobin is investigated using laser electrospray mass spectrometry (LEMS). Pulse durations of 55 femtoseconds (fs), 56 piscoseconds (ps), and 10 nanoseconds (ns) were used to ablate aqueous myoglobin from stainless-steel and quartz substrates. The integrated signal intensity of myoglobin increases with decreasing pulse duration for both substrates. Laser-induced thermal effects are assessed by the relative amount of solvent adduction and number of phosphate moieties adducted to myoglobin by each laser pulse duration. The mass spectra for 55 fs vaporization shows myoglobin with appreciable solvent and phosphate adduction and baseline elevation. The mass spectra for 10 ns ablation have minimal adduction and limited baseline elevation. Heat-induced conformation changes in myoglobin were used to measure the amount of thermal energy deposited by each laser pulse duration. Ablation using the 55 fs pulse revealed the highest ratio of unfolded to folded myoglobin in comparison to the 56 ps and 10 ns measurements due to increased droplet lifetime and consequent interaction with the acid in the electrospray solvent. Collisional activation and heated capillary temperature were employed to reduce the droplet lifetime and demonstrate that fs ablation preserves approximately 2 times more myoglobin folded conformation in comparison to ps and ns pulses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel J Parise
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 North 13th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
- Center for Advanced Photonics Research, Temple University, 1901 North 13th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Dilini R Dassanayake
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 North 13th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
- Center for Advanced Photonics Research, Temple University, 1901 North 13th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Robert J Levis
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 North 13th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
- Center for Advanced Photonics Research, Temple University, 1901 North 13th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hieta JP, Sipari N, Räikkönen H, Keinänen M, Kostiainen R. Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Arabidopsis thaliana Leaves at the Single-Cell Level by Infrared Laser Ablation Atmospheric Pressure Photoionization (LAAPPI). JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2021; 32:2895-2903. [PMID: 34738804 PMCID: PMC8640987 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.1c00295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we show that infrared laser ablation atmospheric pressure photoionization mass spectrometry (LAAPPI-MS) imaging with 70 μm lateral resolution allows for the analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana (A. thaliana) leaf substructures ranging from single-cell trichomes and the interveinal leaf lamina to primary, secondary, and tertiary veins. The method also showed its potential for depth profiling analysis for the first time by mapping analytes at the different depths of the leaf and spatially resolving the topmost trichomes and cuticular wax layer from the underlying tissues. Negative ion LAAPPI-MS detected many different flavonol glycosides, fatty acids, fatty acid esters, galactolipids, and glycosphingolipids, whose distributions varied significantly between the different substructures of A. thaliana leaves. The results show that LAAPPI-MS provides a highly promising new tool to study the role of metabolites in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juha-Pekka Hieta
- Drug
Research Program and Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology,
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Nina Sipari
- Viikki
Metabolomics Unit, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Heikki Räikkönen
- Drug
Research Program and Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology,
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Markku Keinänen
- Department
of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Institute of Photonics,
Faculty of Science and Forestry, University
of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, Joensuu 80101, Finland
| | - Risto Kostiainen
- Drug
Research Program and Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology,
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Recent Advances of Ambient Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Its Applications in Lipid and Metabolite Analysis. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11110780. [PMID: 34822438 PMCID: PMC8625079 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11110780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Ambient mass spectrometry imaging (AMSI) has attracted much attention in recent years. As a kind of unlabeled molecular imaging technique, AMSI can enable in situ visualization of a large number of compounds in biological tissue sections in ambient conditions. In this review, the developments of various AMSI techniques are discussed according to one-step and two-step ionization strategies. In addition, recent applications of AMSI for lipid and metabolite analysis (from 2016 to 2021) in disease diagnosis, animal model research, plant science, drug metabolism and toxicology research, etc., are summarized. Finally, further perspectives of AMSI in spatial resolution, sensitivity, quantitative ability, convenience and software development are proposed.
Collapse
|
4
|
Taylor MJ, Liyu A, Vertes A, Anderton CR. Ambient Single-Cell Analysis and Native Tissue Imaging Using Laser-Ablation Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry with Increased Spatial Resolution. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2021; 32:2490-2494. [PMID: 34374553 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.1c00149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Laser-ablation electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LAESI-MS) is an emerging method that has the potential to transform the field of metabolomics. This is in part due to LAESI-MS being an ambient ionization method that requires minimal sample preparation and uses (endogenous) water for in situ analysis. This application note details the employment of the "LAESI microscope" source to perform spatially resolved MS analysis of cells and MS imaging (MSI) of tissues at high spatial resolution. This source configuration utilizes a long-working-distance reflective objective that permits both visualization of the sample and a smaller LAESI laser beam profile than conventional LAESI setups. Here, we analyzed 200 single cells of Allium cepa (red onion) and imaged Fittonia argyroneura (nerve plant) in high spatial resolution using this source coupled to a Fourier transform mass spectrometer for high-mass-resolution and high-mass-accuracy metabolomics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Taylor
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Andrey Liyu
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Akos Vertes
- Department of Chemistry, The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, United States
| | - Christopher R Anderton
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ding X, Liu K, Shi Z. LASER DESORPTION/ABLATION POSTIONIZATION MASS SPECTROMETRY: RECENT PROGRESS IN BIOANALYTICAL APPLICATIONS. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2021; 40:566-605. [PMID: 32770707 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lasers have long been used in the field of mass spectrometric analysis for characterization of condensed matter. However, emission of neutrals upon laser irradiation surpasses the number of ions. Typically, only one in about one million analytes ejected by laser desorption/ablation is ionized, which has fueled the quest for postionization methods enabling ionization of desorbed neutrals to enhance mass spectrometric detection schemes. The development of postionization techniques can be an endeavor that integrates multiple disciplines involving photon energy transfer, electrochemistry, gas discharge, etc. The combination of lasers of different parameters and diverse ion sources has made laser desorption/ablation postionization (LD/API) a growing and lively research community, including two-step laser mass spectrometry, laser ablation atmospheric pressure photoionization mass spectrometry, and those coupled to ambient mass spectrometry. These hyphenated techniques have shown potentials in bioanalytical applications, with major inroads to be made in simultaneous location and quantification of pharmaceuticals, toxins, and metabolites in complex biomatrixes. This review is intended to provide a timely comprehensive view of the broadening bioanalytical applications of disparate LD/API techniques. We also have attempted to discuss these applications according to the classifications based on the postionization methods and to encapsulate the latest achievements in the field of LD/API by highlighting some of the very best reports in the 21st century. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuelu Ding
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Zhenyan Shi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hieta JP, Kopra J, Räikkönen H, Kauppila TJ, Kostiainen R. Sub-100 μm Spatial Resolution Ambient Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Rodent Brain with Laser Ablation Atmospheric Pressure Photoionization (LAAPPI) and Laser Ablation Electrospray Ionization (LAESI). Anal Chem 2020; 92:13734-13741. [PMID: 32930596 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we applied a new IR laser-beam-focusing technique to enable sub-100 μm spatial resolution in laser ablation atmospheric pressure photoionization (LAAPPI) and laser ablation electrospray ionization (LAESI) mass spectrometry imaging (MSI). After optimization of operational parameters, both LAAPPI- and LAESI-MSI with a spatial resolution of 70 μm produced high-quality MS images, which allowed accurate localization of metabolites and lipids in the mouse and rat brain. Negative and positive ion LAAPPI- and LAESI-MS detected many of the same metabolites and lipids in the brain. Many compounds were also detected either by LAAPPI- or LAESI-MS, indicating that LAAPPI and LAESI are more complementary than alternative methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juha-Pekka Hieta
- Drug Research Program and Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaakko Kopra
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heikki Räikkönen
- Drug Research Program and Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiina J Kauppila
- Finnish Institute for the Verification of the Chemical Weapons Convention (VERIFIN), Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Risto Kostiainen
- Drug Research Program and Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Recent advances of ambient mass spectrometry imaging for biological tissues: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1117:74-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
8
|
Holzlechner M, Eugenin E, Prideaux B. Mass spectrometry imaging to detect lipid biomarkers and disease signatures in cancer. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2019; 2:e1229. [PMID: 32729258 PMCID: PMC7941519 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current methods to identify, classify, and predict tumor behavior mostly rely on histology, immunohistochemistry, and molecular determinants. However, better predictive markers are required for tumor diagnosis and evaluation. Due, in part, to recent technological advancements, metabolomics and lipid biomarkers have become a promising area in cancer research. Therefore, there is a necessity for novel and complementary techniques to identify and visualize these molecular markers within tumors and surrounding tissue. RECENT FINDINGS Since its introduction, mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has proven to be a powerful tool for mapping analytes in biological tissues. By adding the label-free specificity of mass spectrometry to the detailed spatial information of traditional histology, hundreds of lipids can be imaged simultaneously within a tumor. MSI provides highly detailed lipid maps for comparing intra-tumor, tumor margin, and healthy regions to identify biomarkers, patterns of disease, and potential therapeutic targets. In this manuscript, recent advancement in sample preparation and MSI technologies are discussed with special emphasis on cancer lipid research to identify tumor biomarkers. CONCLUSION MSI offers a unique approach for biomolecular characterization of tumor tissues and provides valuable complementary information to histology for lipid biomarker discovery and tumor classification in clinical and research cancer applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Holzlechner
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology, and AnatomyThe University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston (UTMB)GalvestonTexas
| | - Eliseo Eugenin
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology, and AnatomyThe University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston (UTMB)GalvestonTexas
| | - Brendan Prideaux
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology, and AnatomyThe University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston (UTMB)GalvestonTexas
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
|
10
|
Chemical profiles of birch and alder bark by ambient mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:7573-7583. [PMID: 31642944 PMCID: PMC6875546 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-02171-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Desorption atmospheric pressure photoionization (DAPPI) is an ambient mass spectrometry (MS) technique that allows the analysis of both polar and nonpolar compounds directly from the surfaces of various sample types. Here, DAPPI was used to study the chemical profiles in different parts of birch and alder tree barks. Four distinct fractions of Betula pendula (silver birch) bark were collected from three different developmental stages of the stem, after which the chemical profiles of the different tissue types were measured. Of special interest were triterpenoids, a class of important defensive substances, which are found in the bark of the silver birch. Additionally, the chemical profiles of lenticels and the surrounding surfaces in the phellem of B. pendula (silver birch), Alnus glutinosa (black alder), and Alnus incana (gray alder) were screened with DAPPI. Another ambient MS technique, laser ablation atmospheric pressure photoionization (LAAPPI), was further used for the mass spectrometry imaging of lenticels on the B. pendula phellem. All the studied birch bark fractions showed individual chemical profiles in DAPPI. The mass spectra from the young apical stem and the transition zone resembled each other more than the mature stem. Instead, the phellem was found to contain a high amount of triterpenoids in all the developmental stages of the stem. The most intense peaks in the DAPPI mass spectra of the birch bark fractions were those of betulin and lupeol. Betulinic and betulonic acid peaks were intense as well, and these compounds were detected especially in the lenticels of the tree samples. Graphical abstract ![]()
Collapse
|
11
|
Rae Buchberger A, DeLaney K, Johnson J, Li L. Mass Spectrometry Imaging: A Review of Emerging Advancements and Future Insights. Anal Chem 2018; 90:240-265. [PMID: 29155564 PMCID: PMC5959842 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b04733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 557] [Impact Index Per Article: 92.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Rae Buchberger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Kellen DeLaney
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Jillian Johnson
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
| | - Lingjun Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bokhart MT, Manni J, Garrard KP, Ekelöf M, Nazari M, Muddiman DC. IR-MALDESI Mass Spectrometry Imaging at 50 Micron Spatial Resolution. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2017; 28:2099-2107. [PMID: 28721672 PMCID: PMC5693761 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-017-1740-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
High spatial resolution in mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is crucial to understanding the biology dictated by molecular distributions in complex tissue systems. Here, we present MSI using infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization (IR-MALDESI) at 50 μm resolution. An adjustable iris, beam expander, and an aspherical focusing lens were used to reduce tissue ablation diameters for MSI at high resolution. The laser beam caustic was modeled using laser ablation paper to calculate relevant laser beam characteristics. The minimum laser spot diameter on the tissue was determined using tissue staining and microscopy. Finally, the newly constructed optical system was used to image hen ovarian tissue with and without oversampling, detailing tissue features at 50 μm resolution. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark T Bokhart
- W.M. Keck FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | | | - Kenneth P Garrard
- W.M. Keck FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
- Precision Engineering Consortium, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Måns Ekelöf
- W.M. Keck FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Milad Nazari
- W.M. Keck FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - David C Muddiman
- W.M. Keck FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
| |
Collapse
|