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Rickerby A, Green R. Barriers to Adopting a Plant-Based Diet in High-Income Countries: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:823. [PMID: 38542734 PMCID: PMC10975979 DOI: 10.3390/nu16060823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Adopting a plant-based diet (PBD) has been shown to reduce the risk of developing certain diseases and is linked to environmental benefits. This review synthesises the evidence on the barriers adults aged 18 to 65 living in high-income countries (HIC) may experience when adopting a PBD. A systematic literature review was conducted using four search databases: Medline, Embase, Global Health, and Web of Science. Barriers were mapped to behaviour change strategies using the COM-B model. Ten studies were included in the final review, including 1740 participants. Five were qualitative, four were cross-sectional, and one was a pre- and-post-intervention study. In total, 40 barriers were identified and synthesised into 11 themes: financial, lack of knowledge, emotional, health, convenience, social, enjoyment of meat, environmental, accessibility, personal ability, and media. Of the 40 barriers, nutritional intake/requirements (categorised into the "health" theme) had the most evidence. This barrier encompassed concerns around being able to meet nutritional needs if an individual were to adopt a PBD. Habits (in the "personal ability" theme), which included established eating habits and habitual behaviours relating to animal-source foods, had the second most evidence alongside the barrier of not knowing what to eat as part of a PBD (in the "lack of knowledge" theme). Education interventions and communication/marketing policies were the behaviour change mechanisms mapped onto these barriers. Future interventions should focus on informing individuals about what to consume as part of a nutritionally balanced PBD and facilitating habitual dietary change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Rickerby
- Department of Population Health, LSHTM Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel St, London W1CE 7HT, UK
| | - Rosemary Green
- Department of Population Health, LSHTM Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel St, London W1CE 7HT, UK
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Pogrebnoy D, Dennett AM, Simpson DB, MacDonald-Wicks L, Patterson AJ, English C. Effects of Using Websites on Physical Activity and Diet Quality for Adults Living With Chronic Health Conditions: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Med Internet Res 2023; 25:e49357. [PMID: 37856187 PMCID: PMC10623240 DOI: 10.2196/49357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adults with chronic health conditions need support to manage modifiable risk factors such as physical inactivity and poor diet. Disease-specific websites with health information on physical activity and diet quality may be effective in supporting adults in managing their chronic illnesses. OBJECTIVE The primary aim of this review was to determine whether using websites with health information can lead to improvements in physical activity levels or diet quality in adults with chronic health conditions. METHODS Randomized controlled trials evaluating the effectiveness of website use on levels of physical activity or diet quality in adults with chronic health conditions were included. MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and the Physiotherapy Evidence Database were searched from the earliest available record until February 2023. Data for outcomes measuring physical activity levels; diet quality; and, where reported, self-efficacy and quality of life were independently extracted by 2 reviewers. The risk of bias was assessed using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale, and the overall certainty of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach. Where values were presented as the same unit of measure, postintervention scores were pooled for meta-analysis to yield an overall mean difference (MD). A standardized MD (SMD) was calculated for the pooled data in which different units for the same outcome were used. Individual trial data were described in cases where the data of trials could not be pooled. RESULTS A total of 29 trials (N=6418 participants) across 8 different disease groups with intervention periods ranging from 4 weeks to 12 months were included in the analysis. There was moderate-certainty evidence that using websites with health information increased levels of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MD=39 min/wk, 95% CI 18.60-58.47), quality of life (SMD=0.36, 95% CI 0.12-0.59), and self-efficacy (SMD=0.26, 95% CI 0.05-0.48) and high-certainty evidence for reduction in processed meat consumption (MD=1.1 portions/wk, 95% CI 0.70-1.58) when compared with usual care. No differences were detected in other measures of diet quality. There was no increased benefit for website users who were offered additional support. CONCLUSIONS The use of websites for risk factor management has the potential to improve physical activity levels, quality of life, and self-efficacy as well as reduce processed meat consumption for adults living with chronic health conditions when compared with usual care. However, it remains unclear whether using websites leads to meaningful and long-lasting behavior change. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42021283168; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=283168.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Pogrebnoy
- School of Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
- Department of Physiotherapy, Western Health, St Albans, Australia
| | - Amy M Dennett
- Allied Health Clinical Research Office, Eastern Health, Melbourne, Australia
- School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, Latrobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Dawn B Simpson
- School of Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
- Heart and Stroke Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Lesley MacDonald-Wicks
- School of Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Program, Hunter Medical Institute, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Amanda J Patterson
- School of Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Program, Hunter Medical Institute, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Coralie English
- School of Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
- Heart and Stroke Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia
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Kim SY, Kim M. What is on plates for school meals: focusing on animal- vs. plant-based protein foods. Nutr Res Pract 2023; 17:1028-1041. [PMID: 37780218 PMCID: PMC10522810 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2023.17.5.1028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES This study aimed to analyze the potential of school meals in South Korea as a sustainable tool to reduce carbon emissions by focusing on animal- vs. plant-based protein foods. MATERIALS/METHODS By using a stratified proportional allocation method, 536 out of the 11,082 schools nationwide were selected including 21 kindergartens, 287 elementary-, 120 middle- and 108 high schools. A total of 2,680 meals served for 5 consecutive days (June 21-25, 2021) were collected. We analyzed the average serving amounts of protein foods (animal- vs. plant-based) per meal and then, calculated the estimated average amounts of carbon emission equivalents per meal by applying the conversion coefficients. The t-test and analysis of variance were used for statistical analyses (α = 0.05). RESULTS The average serving amount of animal-based protein foods per meal was 12.5 g, which was approximately 3 times higher than that of plant-based ones (3.8 g) (P < 0.001); the Meat-group had the highest average amount of 17.0 g, followed by Egg-group (9.6 g), Fish-group (7.6 g), and Beans-and-Nuts-group (3.8 g) (P < 0.05). Specifically, pork (25.1 g) was ranked first, followed by poultry (19.6 g), processed meat products (18.0 g). The estimated average amount of carbon emission equivalents of animal-based protein foods per meal was 80.1 g CO2e, which was approximately 31 times higher than that of plant-based ones (2.6 g CO2e) (P < 0.001); the Meat-group had the highest average amount of 120.3 g CO2e, followed by Fish-group (44.5 g CO2e), Egg-group (25.9 g CO2e), and Beans-and-Nuts-group (2.6 g CO2e) (P < 0.05). Specifically, processed meat products (270.8 g CO2e) were ranked first, followed by pork (91.7 g CO2e), and processed fish products (86.6 g CO2e). CONCLUSIONS The results implied that school meals with plant-based alternatives could be a sustainable tool to improve carbon footprint.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Young Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Korea
| | - Meeyoung Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kongju National University, Yesan 32439, Korea
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Isaic A, Motofelea AC, Costachescu D, Pop GN, Totolici B, Popovici D, Diaconescu RG. What Is the Comparative Efficacy of Surgical, Endoscopic, Transanal Resection, and Radiotherapy Modalities in the Treatment of Rectal Cancer? Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2347. [PMID: 37628544 PMCID: PMC10454130 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11162347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rectal cancer is a significant healthcare burden, and effective treatment is crucial. This research aims to compare the effectiveness of surgical and endoscopic resection, transanal resection, and radiotherapy. METHODS A literature analysis was conducted in order to identify relevant studies, by comparing the different surgical approaches and variables affecting treatment decisions. The findings were analyzed and synthesized to provide a comprehensive overview. RESULTS Surgical treatment, particularly TME (total mesorectal excision), proved consistent efficacy in achieving complete tumor resection and improving long-term survival. Endoscopic treatment and transanal resection techniques were promising for early-stage tumors but were associated with higher local recurrence rates. Radiotherapy, especially in combination with chemotherapy, played a crucial role in locally advanced cases, improving local control and reducing recurrence risk. Patient data, tumor characteristics, and healthcare system factors were identified as important factors in treatment modality selection. CONCLUSION Surgical treatment, specifically TME, remains the recommended standard approach for rectal cancer, providing excellent oncological outcomes. Endoscopic treatment and transanal resection techniques can be considered for selected early-stage cases, while radiotherapy is beneficial for locally advanced tumors. Treatment decisions should be personalized based on patient and tumor characteristics, considering the available resources and expertise within the healthcare system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru Isaic
- IInd Surgery Clinic, Timisoara Emergency County Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania;
- Department X of General Surgery, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alexandru Cătălin Motofelea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Dan Costachescu
- Department of Orthopedics-Traumatology, Urology, Radiology, and Medical Imaging, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
- Department of Oncology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Gheorghe Nicusor Pop
- Center for Modeling Biological Systems and Data Analysis, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Bogdan Totolici
- 1st Clinic of General Surgery, Arad County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 310158 Arad, Romania;
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” Western University of Arad, 310025 Arad, Romania
| | - Dorel Popovici
- Department of Oncology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Razvan Gheorghe Diaconescu
- OncoHelp Hospital, 300239 Timisoara, Romania;
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” Western University of Arad, 310025 Arad, Romania
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Abd Rashid AA, Ashari LS, Shafiee NH, Raja Ali RA, Yeong Yeh L, Shahril MR, Jan Mohamed HJ. Dietary patterns associated with colorectal cancer risk in the Malaysian population: a case-control study with exploratory factor and regression analysis. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1386. [PMID: 37468880 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16283-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies on the relationship between diet and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk using single food or nutrient approach are widely conducted as opposed to dietary pattern approach. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the major dietary patterns and their association with CRC risk among Malaysians. METHODS Patients aged between 18 and 80 years old from two teaching hospitals in Peninsular Malaysia were recruited through purposive sampling. Socio-demographic information and anthropometry data were assessed before the colonoscopy procedure, and dietary intake was also recorded using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Cases were those patients having histopathologically proven CRC, while controls were those without. RESULTS Four major dietary patterns were identified: the allergenic diet, plant-based diet, processed diet, and energy-dense diet pattern. After adjusting for potential covariates, the processed diet pattern was consistently associated with CRC (OR = 3.45; 95% CI = 1.25-9.52; P = 0.017) while the plant-based diet, energy-dense diet, and allergenic diet were not associated with CRC risk. CONCLUSIONS The processed diet pattern attributed to a diet high in confectionaries and fast foods was associated with an increased risk of CRC in the Malaysian population. In order to give prevention measures through lifestyle change, more research could be done on the effect of food patterns on faecal microbiota associated with CRC.
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Grants
- 203/PPSK/6720021, LRGS/MRUN/FI/02/2018/01, and LR001-2019 Long-Term Research Grant Scheme (LRGS)-Malaysia Research University Network (MRUN)
- 203/PPSK/6720021, LRGS/MRUN/FI/02/2018/01, and LR001-2019 Long-Term Research Grant Scheme (LRGS)-Malaysia Research University Network (MRUN)
- 203/PPSK/6720021, LRGS/MRUN/FI/02/2018/01, and LR001-2019 Long-Term Research Grant Scheme (LRGS)-Malaysia Research University Network (MRUN)
- 203/PPSK/6720021, LRGS/MRUN/FI/02/2018/01, and LR001-2019 Long-Term Research Grant Scheme (LRGS)-Malaysia Research University Network (MRUN)
- 203/PPSK/6720021, LRGS/MRUN/FI/02/2018/01, and LR001-2019 Long-Term Research Grant Scheme (LRGS)-Malaysia Research University Network (MRUN)
- 203/PPSK/6720021, LRGS/MRUN/FI/02/2018/01, and LR001-2019 Long-Term Research Grant Scheme (LRGS)-Malaysia Research University Network (MRUN)
- 203/PPSK/6720021, LRGS/MRUN/FI/02/2018/01, and LR001-2019 Long-Term Research Grant Scheme (LRGS)-Malaysia Research University Network (MRUN)
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainaa Almardhiyah Abd Rashid
- Nutrition Programme, School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, 16150, Malaysia
| | - Lydiatul Shima Ashari
- Nutrition Programme, School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, 16150, Malaysia
| | - Nor Hamizah Shafiee
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur, Cheras, 56000, Malaysia
| | - Raja Affendi Raja Ali
- Gut Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur, Cheras, 56000, Malaysia
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, 47500, Malaysia
| | - Lee Yeong Yeh
- Department of Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Jalan Raja Perempuan Zainab 2, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, 16150, Malaysia
- GI Function & Motility Unit, Hospital USM, Jalan Raja Perempuan Zainab 2, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, 16150, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Razif Shahril
- Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (HCARE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, 50300, Malaysia
| | - Hamid Jan Jan Mohamed
- Nutrition Programme, School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, 16150, Malaysia.
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Lee DH, Jin Q, Shi N, Wang F, Bever AM, Li J, Liang L, Hu FB, Song M, Zeleznik OA, Zhang X, Joshi A, Wu K, Jeon JY, Meyerhardt JA, Chan AT, Eliassen AH, Clish CB, Clinton SK, Giovannucci EL, Tabung FK. Dietary Inflammatory and Insulinemic Potentials, Plasma Metabolome and Risk of Colorectal Cancer. Metabolites 2023; 13:744. [PMID: 37367904 PMCID: PMC10304271 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13060744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The inflammatory and insulinemic potentials of diets have been associated with colorectal cancer risk. However, it is unknown whether the plasma metabolite profiles related to inflammatory diets, or to insulinemic diets, underlie this association. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between metabolomic profile scores related to the food-based empirical dietary inflammatory patterns (EDIP), the empirical dietary index for hyperinsulinemia (EDIH), and plasma inflammation (CRP, IL-6, TNFα-R2, adiponectin) and insulin (C-peptide) biomarkers, and colorectal cancer risk. Elastic net regression was used to derive three metabolomic profile scores for each dietary pattern among 6840 participants from the Nurses' Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-up Study, and associations with CRC risk were examined using multivariable-adjusted logistic regression, in a case-control study of 524 matched pairs nested in both cohorts. Among 186 known metabolites, 27 were significantly associated with both the EDIP and inflammatory biomarkers, and 21 were significantly associated with both the EDIH and C-peptide. In men, odds ratios (ORs) of colorectal cancer, per 1 standard deviation (SD) increment in metabolomic score, were 1.91 (1.31-2.78) for the common EDIP and inflammatory-biomarker metabolome, 1.12 (0.78-1.60) for EDIP-only metabolome, and 1.65 (1.16-2.36) for the inflammatory-biomarkers-only metabolome. However, no association was found for EDIH-only, C-peptide-only, and the common metabolomic signatures in men. Moreover, the metabolomic signatures were not associated with colorectal cancer risk among women. Metabolomic profiles reflecting pro-inflammatory diets and inflammation biomarkers were associated with colorectal cancer risk in men, while no association was found in women. Larger studies are needed to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hoon Lee
- Department of Sport Industry Studies, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (D.H.L.)
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Qi Jin
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Moyes College of Education, Weber State University, Ogden, UT 84408, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Interdisciplinary Ph.D. Program in Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Ni Shi
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Fenglei Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alaina M. Bever
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Liming Liang
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Frank B. Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mingyang Song
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Oana A. Zeleznik
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Amit Joshi
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kana Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Justin Y. Jeon
- Department of Sport Industry Studies, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (D.H.L.)
- Cancer Prevention Center, Yonsei Cancer Center, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Andrew T. Chan
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - A. Heather Eliassen
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Clary B. Clish
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Steven K. Clinton
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Interdisciplinary Ph.D. Program in Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Edward L. Giovannucci
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Fred K. Tabung
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Interdisciplinary Ph.D. Program in Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Division of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43220, USA
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Association of lifestyle behaviors with health-related quality of life among patients with hematologic diseases. Qual Life Res 2023; 32:1119-1131. [PMID: 36652183 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-023-03343-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is a multi-dimensional construct used to assess the impact of health status on quality of life, and it is known to be affected by lifestyle behaviors. This study focused on multiple lifestyle behaviors among patients with hematologic diseases, including physical activity, dietary intake, sleep quality, occupational exposure, alcohol consumption and smoking. The main objective was to investigate the association of both individual and clustering of health behaviors with HRQoL among the population with hematologic diseases based on a comprehensive lifestyle survey. METHODS A total of 539 patients with hematologic diseases aged over 18 years were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Latent class analysis was used to identify homogeneous, mutually exclusive lifestyle classes, and multinomial logistic regression was then performed to explore the association of lifestyle classes membership with HRQoL. Meanwhile, multiple linear regression and quantile regression were used to identify the relationship between individual lifestyle behaviors and HRQoL. RESULTS A three-class model was selected based on conceptual interpretation and model fit. We found no association between multiple lifestyle behaviors and HRQoL in the 3-class model, either in the whole patients or in subgroups stratified by hematological malignancies. Further research on each lifestyle found that physical activity, dietary intake, occupational exposure, alcohol consumption or smoking were independent of HRQoL. Sleep quality was positively associated with HRQoL. CONCLUSION Our findings suggested that clustering of lifestyle behaviors may not be an indicator to reflect the health quality of patients with hematologic diseases. Sleep represents a viable intervention target that can confer health benefits on the hematologic patients.
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Abdollahi S, Hasanpour Ardekanizadeh N, Poorhosseini SM, Gholamalizadeh M, Roumi Z, Goodarzi MO, Doaei S. Unraveling the Complex Interactions between the Fat Mass and Obesity-Associated (FTO) Gene, Lifestyle, and Cancer. Adv Nutr 2022; 13:2406-2419. [PMID: 36104156 PMCID: PMC9776650 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmac101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Carcinogenesis is a complicated process and originates from genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Recent studies have reported a potential critical role for the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene in carcinogenesis through different signaling pathways such as mRNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) demethylation. The most common internal modification in mammalian mRNA is the m6A RNA methylation that has significant biological functioning through regulation of cancer-related cellular processes. Some environmental factors, like physical activity and dietary intake, may influence signaling pathways engaged in carcinogenesis, through regulating FTO gene expression. In addition, people with FTO gene polymorphisms may be differently influenced by cancer risk factors, for example, FTO risk allele carriers may need a higher intake of nutrients to prevent cancer than others. In order to obtain a deeper viewpoint of the FTO, lifestyle, and cancer-related pathway interactions, this review aims to discuss upstream and downstream pathways associated with the FTO gene and cancer. The present study discusses the possible mechanisms of interaction of the FTO gene with various cancers and provides a comprehensive picture of the lifestyle factors affecting the FTO gene as well as the possible downstream pathways that lead to the effect of the FTO gene on cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Abdollahi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of
Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naeemeh Hasanpour Ardekanizadeh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences,
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Gholamalizadeh
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical
Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Roumi
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad
University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mark O Goodarzi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine,
Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Saeid Doaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences,
Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Zhu G, Li Z, Tang L, Shen M, Zhou Z, Wei Y, Zhao Y, Bai S, Song L. Associations of Dietary Intakes with Gynecological Cancers: Findings from a Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:5026. [PMID: 36501056 PMCID: PMC9739794 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Gynecological cancers, including cervical cancer, ovarian cancer and endometrial cancer are leading causes of cancer-related death in women worldwide. Diet plays an important role in cancer development, which is widely accepted. However, the associations between dietary intakes and gynecological cancers remain unclear. Methods: A total of 12,437 women aged over 20 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), conducted from 2007−2016, were included in this study. The relationships between 30 dietary factors (4 macronutrients, 15 vitamins, 9 minerals, caffeine and alcohol) and gynecological cancers were assessed. Results: We observed negative correlations of intakes of phosphorus (odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (CI); 0.998 (0.996, 0.999), p = 0.002) with cervical cancer, and intakes of vitamin B12 (0.812 (0.714, 0.925), p = 0.002), phosphorus (0.997 (0.996, 0.999), p < 0.001) and alcohol (0.971 (0.950, 0.992), p = 0.009) with endometrial cancer. The data showed positive associations of intake of caffeine (1.002 (1.001, 1.003), p = 0.003) with cervical cancer, and intake of copper (2.754 (1.313, 5.778), p = 0.009) with endometrial cancer. In addition, we found potential negative correlations between intake of vitamin B1 (p = 0.025) and cervical cancer; zinc (p = 0.048) and ovarian cancer; and potassium (p = 0.032) and endometrial cancer. Potential positive associations were found between intake of calcium and cervical cancer (p = 0.026) and endometrial cancer (p = 0.034), and between sodium (p = 0.042) and endometrial cancer. Intakes of protein, total sugars, total fat, cholesterol, vitamin A, alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, vitamin B2, niacin, vitamin B6, food folate, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K, magnesium, iron and selenium showed no relationship with gynecological cancers (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Specific dietary factors were associated with gynecological cancers. More epidemiological studies are needed to validate our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guixian Zhu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 157, Xiwu Road, Xi’an 710004, China
| | - Zengbin Li
- China-Australia Joint Research Center for Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Liqiong Tang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 157, Xiwu Road, Xi’an 710004, China
| | - Mingwang Shen
- China-Australia Joint Research Center for Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Zhangjian Zhou
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 157, Xiwu Road, Xi’an 710004, China
| | - Yuhang Wei
- China-Australia Joint Research Center for Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 157, Xiwu Road, Xi’an 710004, China
| | - Shuheng Bai
- Medical School, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Lingqin Song
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 157, Xiwu Road, Xi’an 710004, China
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10
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Hatami M, Doaei S, Gholamalizadeh M, Mosavi Jarrahi SA, Mirsafa F, Davoodi SH. Association of calorie and carbohydrate intake with tumour grade in early diagnosis of breast cancer: a case-control study. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:1111-1114. [PMID: 32374220 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1754430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the association of calorie and carbohydrate intake with tumour grade in early detection of breast cancer (BC) in Iranian women. MATERIALS AND METHODS This case-control study carried out on 62 women with high grade BC and 93 women with low grade BC. Information about confounding variables was collected through a questionnaire. Dietary intake of calorie and macronutrients was assessed by a valid 122-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. RESULTS Individuals with high grade BC had significantly lower calorie (0.16, 0.04-0.61) and higher carbohydrate intake (4.02; 1.28-12.63) compared with those with low grade BC after controlling for age. This correlation remained significant after adjusting for confounding factors. CONCLUSION Our results showed that lower intakes of calorie and higher carbohydrate are directly related to the high grade of tumour at the early detection of people with BC after modifying a wide range of confounding factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahshid Hatami
- Department of Basic Sciences and Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology and National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Doaei
- Student Research Committee, Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Gholamalizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Faezeh Mirsafa
- Department of Basic Sciences and Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology and National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sayed Hossein Davoodi
- Department of Basic Sciences and Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology and National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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11
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Lin WS, Lai YJ, Nagabhushanam K, Ho CT, Pan MH. S-allylcysteine potently protects against PhIP-induced DNA damage via Nrf2/AhR signaling pathway modulation in normal human colonic mucosal epithelial cells. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2101141. [PMID: 35753083 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202101141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE This study aimed to investigate whether S-allylcysteine (SAC) exerts chemoprophylactic effects on foodborne carcinogenicity caused by 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) in normal human colonic mucosal epithelial cells. METHODS AND RESULTS Cellular thermal shift assays showed that SAC had an affinity for the Keap1 protein. Moreover, SAC may also dampen the binding of Keap1 and NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) by inhibiting p-p38 and increasing the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and AKT, thereby inducing Nrf2/HO-1 signaling and upregulating the ratio of GSH to GSH/GSSG, which inhibits PhIP-induced oxidative stress and DNA damage. In addition, SAC significantly downregulates the aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling pathway, suggesting that SAC may potentially impede the metabolic transformation of carcinogens. CONCLUSION Collectively, these findings suggest that SAC protects against PhIP-induced reactive oxygen species production and DNA damage by modulating the Nrf2/AhR signaling pathway, which may have significant potential as a novel chemopreventive agent. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Sheng Lin
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Jang Lai
- Department of Food Science, National Quemoy University, Quemoy County, 89250, Taiwan
| | | | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, 08901-8520, USA
| | - Min-Hsiung Pan
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.,Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, 41354, Taiwan
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12
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Yu SC, Liao KM, Chou CL, Tian YF, Wang JJ, Ho CH, Shiue YL. Impact of Tumor Location on Survival in Patients With Colorectal Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study Based on Taiwan’s Cancer Registry Database. CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS: ONCOLOGY 2022; 16:11795549221111713. [PMID: 35875416 PMCID: PMC9301104 DOI: 10.1177/11795549221111713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the leading cancers worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the mortality differences between 2 primary tumor locations, the proximal/distal colon and rectosigmoid junction (RSJ)/rectum, after adjusting for comorbidities. Methods: The Taiwan Cancer Registry linked with Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database was used to estimate the 5-year mortality rate among patients with colorectal cancer. A total of 73 769 individuals were enrolled in the study, which included 44 234 patients with proximal and distal colon cancers and 29 535 patients with RSJ and rectal cancers. Potential mortality risk was calculated using Cox regression analysis. Results: The mortality rates due to the location of the cancer in the proximal/distal colon and RSJ/rectum were 45.27% and 42.20%, respectively. After adjustment for age, sex, comorbidities, and clinical stages, the proximal/distal colon had a 1.03-fold higher 5-year overall mortality rate than RSJ/rectal cancer (95% confidence interval = 1.00–1.05). Proximal and distal colon cancers had a worse prognosis and survival than RSJ and rectal colon cancers in women and older patients (⩾70 years). Comorbidities had different effects on mortality in the proximal/distal colon and RSJ/rectum. Conclusions: Tumor location is associated with the prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer. It is important to treat patients beyond their cancer treatment, and to manage their comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shou-Chun Yu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Chiali, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Ming Liao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Chiali, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lin Chou
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Feng Tian
- Division of Gastroenterology & General Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jhi-Joung Wang
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Han Ho
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Information Management, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
- Cancer Center, Taipei Municipal Wanfang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yow-Ling Shiue
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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13
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Aglago EK, Murphy N, Huybrechts I, Nicolas G, Casagrande C, Fedirko V, Weiderpass E, Rothwell JA, Dahm CC, Olsen A, Tjønneland A, Kaaks R, Katzke V, Schulze MB, Masala G, Agnoli C, Panico S, Tumino R, Sacerdote C, Bueno-de-Mesquita BH, Derksen JWG, Skeie G, Gram IT, Brustad M, Jakszyn P, Sánchez MJ, Amiano P, Huerta JM, Ericson U, Wennberg M, Perez-Cornago A, Heath AK, Jenab M, Chajes V, Gunter MJ. Dietary intake and plasma phospholipid concentrations of saturated, monounsaturated and trans fatty acids and colorectal cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort. Int J Cancer 2021; 149:865-882. [PMID: 33913149 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiologic studies examining the association between specific fatty acids and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk are inconclusive. We investigated the association between dietary estimates and plasma levels of individual and total saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA), industrial-processed trans (iTFA), and ruminant-sourced trans (rTFA) fatty acids, and CRC risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Baseline fatty acid intakes were estimated in 450 112 participants (6162 developed CRC, median follow-up = 15 years). In a nested case-control study, plasma phospholipid fatty acids were determined by gas chromatography in 433 colon cancer cases and 433 matched controls. Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed using Cox and conditional logistic regression, respectively. Dietary total SFA (highest vs lowest quintile, HRQ5vsQ1 = 0.80; 95%CI:0.69-0.92), myristic acid (HRQ5vsQ1 = 0.83, 95%CI:0.74-0.93) and palmitic acid (HRQ5vsQ1 = 0.81, 95%CI:0.70-0.93) were inversely associated with CRC risk. Plasma myristic acid was also inversely associated with colon cancer risk (highest vs lowest quartile, ORQ4vsQ1 = 0.51; 95%CI:0.32-0.83), whereas a borderline positive association was found for plasma stearic acid (ORQ4vsQ1 = 1.63; 95%CI:1.00-2.64). Dietary total MUFA was inversely associated with colon cancer (per 1-SD increment, HR1-SD = 0.92, 95%CI: 0.85-0.98), but not rectal cancer (HR1-SD = 1.04, 95%CI:0.95-1.15, Pheterogeneity = 0.027). Dietary iTFA, and particularly elaidic acid, was positively associated with rectal cancer (HR1-SD = 1.07, 95%CI:1.02-1.13). Our results suggest that total and individual saturated fatty acids and fatty acids of industrial origin may be relevant to the aetiology of CRC. Both dietary and plasma myristic acid levels were inversely associated with colon cancer risk, which warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elom K Aglago
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Neil Murphy
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Inge Huybrechts
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Geneviève Nicolas
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Corinne Casagrande
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Veronika Fedirko
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Office of the Director, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Joseph A Rothwell
- CESP, Faculté de médecine-Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INSERM, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Anja Olsen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Foundation under Public Law, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Verena Katzke
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Foundation under Public Law, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Giovanna Masala
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network -ISPRO, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudia Agnoli
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Salvatore Panico
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Department, Provincial Health Authority (ASP 7), Ragusa, Italy
| | - Carlotta Sacerdote
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University-Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Bas H Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Former senior scientist, Dept. for Determinants of Chronic Diseases (DCD), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen W G Derksen
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Guri Skeie
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Inger Torhild Gram
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Magritt Brustad
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Paula Jakszyn
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
- Blanquerna School of Health Sciences, Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria-Jose Sánchez
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública (EASP), Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Amiano
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, BioDonostia Research Institute, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - José María Huerta
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ulrika Ericson
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Maria Wennberg
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Aurora Perez-Cornago
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Alicia K Heath
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mazda Jenab
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Veronique Chajes
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Marc J Gunter
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon, France
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14
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Lee JB, Kim HS, Ham A, Chang JS, Shin SJ, Beom SH, Koom WS, Kim T, Han YD, Han DH, Hur H, Min BS, Lee KY, Kim NK, Park YR, Lim JS, Ahn JB. Role of Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy in Clinical Stage II/III Rectal Cancer Patients Undergoing Total Mesorectal Excision: A Retrospective Propensity Score Analysis. Front Oncol 2021; 10:609313. [PMID: 33537238 PMCID: PMC7848147 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.609313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although the current standard preoperative chemoradiotherapy (PCRT) for stage II/III rectal cancer decreases the risk of local recurrence, it does not improve survival and increases the likelihood of preoperative overtreatment, especially in patients without circumferential resection margin (CRM) involvement. Methods Stage II/III rectal cancer without CRM involvement and lateral lymph node metastasis was radiologically defined by preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Patients who received PCRT followed by total mesorectal excision (TME) (PCRT group) and upfront surgery (US) with TME (US group) between 2010 and 2016 were analyzed. We derived cohorts of PCRT group versus US group using propensity-score matching for stage, age, and distance from the anal verge. Three-year relapse-free survival rate, disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) were compared between the two groups. Results A total of 202 patients were analyzed after propensity score matching. There were no differences in baseline characteristics. The median follow-up duration was 62 months (interquartile range, 46–87). There was no difference in the 3-year disease-free survival rate between the PCRT and US groups (83 vs. 88%, respectively; p=0.326). Likewise, there was no significant difference in the 3-year OS (89 vs. 91%, respectively; p=0.466). The 3-year locoregional recurrence rates (3 vs. 2% with US, p=0.667) and distant metastasis rates (16 vs. 11%, p=0.428) were not significantly different between the two groups. Time to completion of curative treatment was significantly shorter in the US group (132 days) than in the PCRT group (225 days) (p<0.001). Conclusion Using MRI-guided selection for better risk stratification, US without neoadjuvant therapy can be considered in early stage patients with good prognosis. PCRT may not be required for all stage II/III rectal cancer patients, especially for the MRI-proven intermediate-risk group (cT1-2/N1, cT3N0) without CRM involvement and lateral lymph node metastasis. Further prospective studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jii Bum Lee
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Han Sang Kim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ahrong Ham
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University Medical Center, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jee Suk Chang
- Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Jun Shin
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung-Hoon Beom
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woong Sub Koom
- Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Taeil Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoon Dae Han
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dai Hoon Han
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyuk Hur
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byung Soh Min
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kang Young Lee
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Nam Kyu Kim
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yu Rang Park
- Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joon Seok Lim
- Department of Radiology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joong Bae Ahn
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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15
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Nurlaila I, Hidayat AA, Budiarto A, Mahesworo B, Purwandari K, Pardamean B. Dietary Intake as Determinant Nongenetic Factors to Colorectal Cancer Incidence and Staging Progression: A Study in South Sulawesi Population, Indonesia. Nutr Cancer 2021; 73:2523-2531. [PMID: 33410363 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1839516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Reports from various population-based studies indicate that the incidence of colorectal cancer may be strongly affected by dietary patterns of the respective populations. The nature of dietary patterns of specific Indonesia population on the risk of colorectal cancer might differ from previously published data with the global population. Therefore, we conducted a study where the dietary pattern in colorectal cancer patient cohorts was compared to age- and population-matched control. We documented 89 colorectal cancer cases and among 173 individuals from the South Sulawesi population. A series of logistic regression and Fisher's exact tests were utilized to test associations of dietary intakes and colorectal cancer risk as well as colorectal cancer staging. Our data demonstrate that vegetable (p-value = 8.70 × 10-26, OR = 0.49) and fruit (p-value = 7.59x10-5, OR = 0.70) intakes are associated with the reduced risk of colorectal cancer incidence. Conversely, acidic food, reheated food, meat, spicy food, and alcohol are associated with the increment case of cancer. Moreover, meat intake (p-value < 0.01) shows a significant association with cancer staging progression. Common dietary pattern is a determinant aspect to the colorectal cancer incidence as well as its staging progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ika Nurlaila
- Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia.,Information System Department, BINUS Online Learning, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Alam A Hidayat
- Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Arif Budiarto
- Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia.,Computer Science Department, School of Computer Science, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Bharuno Mahesworo
- Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Kartika Purwandari
- Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Bens Pardamean
- Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia.,Computer Science Department, BINUS Graduate Program-Master of Computer Science, BINUS Graduate Program-Master of Computer Science, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia
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16
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Aoullay Z, Slaoui M, Razine R, Er-Raki A, Meddah B, Cherrah Y. Therapeutic Characteristics, Chemotherapy-Related Toxicities and Survivorship in Colorectal Cancer Patients. Ethiop J Health Sci 2020; 30:65-74. [PMID: 32116434 PMCID: PMC7036457 DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v30i1.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is a major health problem around the globe. In Morocco, the disease ranks third after breast and lung cancers. This study is the first in Morocco to investigate epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic features while exhaustively describing toxic side-effects to chemotherapy of CRC and studying the 3-years survivorship. Methods This is a descriptive and analytical retrospective study of about 290 patients with CRC enrolled during the period of January-December 2013. Statistical analysis was performed to correlate clinicopathological data with chemotherapy toxicity and survivorship in patients, by Chi2 test. Overall Survival (OS) rate has been calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using Log-rank test. Results Fifty-five percent had a tumor localized in rectum, and 42,8% in colon. Mean age of these patients at diagnosis was 56,16 ± 14,6. incidence rate of adverse events (grade I to IV) was 85,6%. Diarrhea was the predominant toxicity (4.6%) occurring at a high grade (grade III–IV). The 3-years OS rate of patients with CRC was 71%. OS decreased by age, and patients with age subgroup between 40 to 59 years had a better OS than the other age subgroups (60 to 79 years and >80 years) with a p-value of 0.0001. Occurence of toxicity (all grades and types) was linked to a higher survival rates compared to the group who had no toxicity noticed (p-value of 0.001). Conclusion Our study shows that patients who had a polychemotherapy had a better OS than those who had monotherapy (p-value of 0.002).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zineb Aoullay
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, University Mohamed V Rabat, Avenue Mohammed Belarbi El Alaoui - Souissi - BP, 6203 Rabat, Morocco
| | - Meriem Slaoui
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, University Mohamed V Rabat, Avenue Mohammed Belarbi El Alaoui Souissi - BP, 6203 Rabat, Morocco
| | - Rachid Razine
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Université Mohamed V-Souissi Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Avenue Mohammed Belarbi El Alaoui - Souissi, BP 6203 Rabat, Morocco.,Department of Public Health, Université Mohamed V-Souissi Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Avenue Mohammed Belarbi El Alaoui - Souissi, BP 6203 Rabat, Morocco
| | | | - Bouchra Meddah
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, University Mohamed V Rabat, Avenue Mohammed Belarbi El Alaoui - Souissi - BP, 6203 Rabat, Morocco
| | - Yahia Cherrah
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, University Mohamed V Rabat, Avenue Mohammed Belarbi El Alaoui - Souissi - BP, 6203 Rabat, Morocco
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17
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Vacante M, Ciuni R, Basile F, Biondi A. Gut Microbiota and Colorectal Cancer Development: A Closer Look to the Adenoma-Carcinoma Sequence. Biomedicines 2020; 8:E489. [PMID: 33182693 PMCID: PMC7697438 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8110489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There is wide evidence that CRC could be prevented by regular physical activity, keeping a healthy body weight, and following a healthy and balanced diet. Many sporadic CRCs develop via the traditional adenoma-carcinoma pathway, starting as premalignant lesions represented by conventional, tubular or tubulovillous adenomas. The gut bacteria play a crucial role in regulating the host metabolism and also contribute to preserve intestinal barrier function and an effective immune response against pathogen colonization. The microbiota composition is different among people, and is conditioned by many environmental factors, such as diet, chemical exposure, and the use of antibiotic or other medication. The gut microbiota could be directly involved in the development of colorectal adenomas and the subsequent progression to CRC. Specific gut bacteria, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum, Escherichia coli, and enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis, could be involved in colorectal carcinogenesis. Potential mechanisms of CRC progression may include DNA damage, promotion of chronic inflammation, and release of bioactive carcinogenic metabolites. The aim of this review was to summarize the current knowledge on the role of the gut microbiota in the development of CRC, and discuss major mechanisms of microbiota-related progression of the adenoma-carcinoma sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Vacante
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy; (R.C.); (F.B.); (A.B.)
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18
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Chandler PD, Balasubramanian R, Paynter N, Giulianini F, Fung T, Tinker LF, Snetselaar L, Liu S, Eaton C, Tobias DK, Tabung FK, Manson JE, Giovannucci EL, Clish C, Rexrode KM. Metabolic signatures associated with Western and Prudent dietary patterns in women. Am J Clin Nutr 2020; 112:268-283. [PMID: 32520313 PMCID: PMC7398790 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Western dietary pattern (WD) is positively associated with risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) and cancer, whereas the Prudent dietary pattern (PD) may be protective. Foods may influence metabolite concentrations as well as oxidative stress and lipid dysregulation, biological mechanisms associated with CAD and cancer. OBJECTIVE The aim was to assess the association of 2 derived dietary pattern scores with serum metabolites and identify metabolic pathways associated with the metabolites. METHODS We evaluated the cross-sectional association between each dietary pattern (WD, PD) and metabolites in 2199 Women's Health Initiative (WHI) participants. With FFQ and factor analysis, we determined 2 dietary patterns consistent with WD and PD. Metabolites were measured with LC-tandem MS. Metabolite discovery among 904 WHI Observational Study (WHI-OS) participants was replicated among 1295 WHI Hormone Therapy Trial (WHI-HT) participants. We analyzed each of 495 metabolites with each dietary score (WD, PD) in linear regression models. RESULTS The PD included higher vegetables and fruit intake compared with the WD with higher saturated fat and meat intake. Independent of energy intake, BMI, physical activity, and other confounding variables, 45 overlapping metabolites were identified (WHI-OS) and replicated (WHI-HT) with an opposite direction of associations for the WD compared with the PD [false discovery rate (FDR) P < 0.05]. In metabolite set enrichment analyses, phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) plasmalogens were positively enriched for association with WD [normalized enrichment score (NES) = 2.01, P = 0.001, FDR P = 0.005], and cholesteryl esters (NES = -1.77, P = 0.005, FDR P = 0.02), and phosphatidylcholines (NES = -1.72, P = 0.01, P = 0.03) were negatively enriched for WD. PE plasmalogens were positively correlated with saturated fat and red meat. Phosphatidylcholines and cholesteryl esters were positively correlated with fatty fish. CONCLUSIONS Distinct metabolite signatures associated with Western and Prudent dietary patterns highlight the positive association of mitochondrial oxidative stress and lipid dysregulation with a WD and the inverse association with a PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raji Balasubramanian
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Nina Paynter
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Franco Giulianini
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Teresa Fung
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Nutrition, Simmons University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Simin Liu
- Brown University School of Public Health and Alpert School of Medicine, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Charles Eaton
- Brown University School of Public Health and Alpert School of Medicine, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Deirdre K Tobias
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fred K Tabung
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA,Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA,The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center—Arthur G James Cancer Hospital and Richard J Solove Institute, Columbus, OH, USA,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - JoAnn E Manson
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Clary Clish
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kathryn M Rexrode
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Division of Women's Health, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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Fernández-Villa T, Álvarez-Álvarez L, Rubín-García M, Obón-Santacana M, Moreno V. The role of dietary patterns in colorectal cancer: a 2019 update. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 14:281-290. [PMID: 32105150 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2020.1736043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major public health problem, both in terms of incidence and mortality. Lifestyle, particularly diet, plays an important role in the development of this cancer.Areas covered: The aim of the present review was to provide an overview of systematic reviews/meta-analysis published in the last 10 years regarding the association between dietary patterns and CRC risk. Three databases were explored (Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science), and 13 articles were finally included. The most common a priori methods used were Healthy Eating Index, Mediterranean diet, and Dietary Inflammatory Index, while factor or principal component analyses, cluster analysis, and reduced rank regression were the most frequent a posteriori methods used. All the studies analyzed in the present review showed that a diet characterized mainly by a high intake of fruits and vegetables and low intake of red and processed meats decreased the risk of CRC.Expert opinion: Important nutritional health campaigns and CRC screening programs are being done across the globe; nevertheless, we believe that those strategies are still inadequate as CRC incidence is increasing worldwide More effort is required at different institutional levels and public health policy advice to help the population shift toward healthier dietary habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Fernández-Villa
- Facultad De Ciencias De La Salud, Área De Medicina Preventiva Y Salud Pública, Universidad De León, Grupo De Investigación En Interacciones Gen-Ambiente Y Salud (Giigas)/instituto De Biomedicina (IBIOMED), León, Spain
| | - Laura Álvarez-Álvarez
- Facultad De Veterinaria, Departamento De Higiene Y Tecnología De Los Alimentos, Área De Nutrición Y Bromatología, Universidad De León, León, Spain
| | - María Rubín-García
- Facultad De Ciencias De La Salud, Área De Medicina Preventiva Y Salud Pública, Universidad De León, Grupo De Investigación En Interacciones Gen-Ambiente Y Salud (Giigas)/instituto De Biomedicina (IBIOMED), León, Spain
| | - Mireia Obón-Santacana
- Oncology Data Analytics Program (ODAP), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), L'Hospitalet Del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,ONCOBELL Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet De Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor Moreno
- Oncology Data Analytics Program (ODAP), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), L'Hospitalet Del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,ONCOBELL Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet De Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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20
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Pacheco LS, Anderson CAM, Lacey JV, Giovannucci EL, Lemus H, Araneta MRG, Sears DD, Talavera GA, Martinez ME. Sugar-sweetened beverages and colorectal cancer risk in the California Teachers Study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0223638. [PMID: 31596902 PMCID: PMC6785057 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk remains unclear and published data are limited. METHODS The analytic cohort included 99,798 women, free of cancer at baseline, from the California Teachers Study, a longitudinal cohort comprised of 133,477 female teachers and administrators who were active or recently retired members of the California State Teachers Retirement System in 1995. SSB consumption constituted caloric soft drinks, sweetened bottled waters and teas, and fruit drinks, derived from a self-administered food frequency questionnaire. Consumption was divided into four categories: Rare or never, >rare/never to <1 serving/week, ≥1 serving/week to <1 serving/day, and ≥1 serving/day. CRC endpoints were based on annual linkage with California Cancer Registry, defined as first diagnosis of CRC, and classified following the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program coding system. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to generate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for assessing the association between SSB consumption and incident CRC. RESULTS A total of 1,318 incident CRC cases were identified over 20 years of follow-up (54.5% proximal colon and 45.5% distal colorectum). Compared with rare/never consumers, the multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% CI) were 1.14 (0.86, 1.53) for total CRC; 1.11 (0.73, 1.68) for proximal colon; and 1.22 (0.80, 1.86) for distal colorectum cancers among women consuming ≥ 1 serving/day of SSBs. CONCLUSION SSBs were not significantly associated with CRC risk. The biological effects of high SSB consumption make it important to continue to evaluate whether SSBs are associated with CRC. Additionally, future studies should further assess SSBs in large, racial/ethnically diverse cohorts of males and females, and, if feasible, address changes in SSB consumption over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena S. Pacheco
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Cheryl A. M. Anderson
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - James V. Lacey
- Division of Health Analytics, Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - Edward L. Giovannucci
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Hector Lemus
- School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Maria Rosario G. Araneta
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Dorothy D. Sears
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- College of Health Solution, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Gregory A. Talavera
- School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Maria Elena Martinez
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
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21
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Schulze MB, Martínez-González MA, Fung TT, Lichtenstein AH, Forouhi NG. Food based dietary patterns and chronic disease prevention. BMJ 2018; 361:k2396. [PMID: 29898951 PMCID: PMC5996879 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.k2396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 320] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany.
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Nuthetal, Germany
- NutriAct-Competence Cluster Nutrition Research Berlin-Potsdam, Germany
| | - Miguel A Martínez-González
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra-IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Teresa T Fung
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Simmons College, Boston, USA
| | - Alice H Lichtenstein
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, USA
- Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, USA
| | - Nita G Forouhi
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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22
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Sharma I, Roebothan B, Zhu Y, Woodrow J, Parfrey PS, Mclaughlin JR, Wang PP. Hypothesis and data-driven dietary patterns and colorectal Cancer survival: findings from Newfoundland and Labrador colorectal Cancer cohort. Nutr J 2018; 17:55. [PMID: 29793493 PMCID: PMC5968482 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-018-0362-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dietary patterns are commonly used in epidemiological research, yet there have been few studies assessing if and how research results may vary across dietary patterns. This study aimed to estimate the risk of mortality/recurrence/metastasis using different dietary patterns and comparison amongst the patterns. Methods Dietary patterns were identified by Cluster Analysis (CA), Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Alternate Mediterranean Diet score (altMED), Recommended Food Score (RFS) and Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) scores using a 169-item food frequency questionnaire. Five hundred thirty-two colorectal cancer patients diagnosed between 1999 and 2003 in Newfoundland were followed-up until 2010. Overall Mortality (OM) and combined Mortality, Recurrence or Metastasis (cMRM) were identified. Comparisons were made with adjusted Cox proportional Hazards Ratios (HRs), correlation coefficients and the distributions of individuals in defined clusters by quartiles of factor and index scores. Results One hundred and seventy cases died from all causes and 29 had a cancer recurrence/metastasis during follow-up. Processed meats as classified by PCA (HR 1.82; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07–3.09), clusters characterized by meat and dairy products (HR 2.19; 95% CI 1.03–4.67) and total grains, sugar, soft drinks (HR 1.95; 95% CI 1.13–3.37) were associated with a higher risk of cMRM. Poor adherence to AltMED increased the risk of all-cause OM (HR 1.62; 95% CI 1.04–2.56). Prudent vegetable, high sugar pattern, RFS and DII had no significant association with both OM and cMRM. Conclusion Estimation of OM and cMRM varied across dietary patterns which is attributed to the differences in the foundation of each pattern. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12937-018-0362-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishor Sharma
- Division of Community Health and Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NF, Canada
| | - Barbara Roebothan
- Division of Community Health and Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NF, Canada
| | - Yun Zhu
- Division of Community Health and Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NF, Canada
| | - Jennifer Woodrow
- Division of Community Health and Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NF, Canada
| | - Patrick S Parfrey
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NF, Canada
| | | | - Peter Peizhong Wang
- Division of Community Health and Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NF, Canada.
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23
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Bamia C. Dietary patterns in association to cancer incidence and survival: concept, current evidence, and suggestions for future research. Eur J Clin Nutr 2018; 72:818-825. [PMID: 29563640 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-018-0128-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Assessing diet through dietary patterns has become popular in diet-disease investigations due to the appealing simplicity of expressing several dietary exposures through one variable. Current evidence suggests that there may exist a priori and a posteriori dietary patterns that are consistently associated with reduced all-cause, as well as site-specific cancer risk across different populations. Typical examples include the Mediterranean dietary pattern, the Healthy Eating Index, a number of "healthy" a posteriori dietary patterns, and others. Despite their apparent differences, by inspecting their components it seems that multiple dietary patterns reflect core constituents of a healthy diet. Ongoing research is targeted to: (a) identify the common features underlying the beneficial-for-cancer-prevention dietary patterns, (b) decompose the estimated associations of dietary patterns with cancer risk to the individual associations of their components, and (c) construct dietary patterns for site-specific cancer risk prediction. Results of these and other initiatives could be helpful for public health policy makers and responsible bodies to (a) better formulate relevant messages for informing people about the components of cancer-preventing diets, and (b) promote small changes in eating patterns that can lower cancer risk and improve cancer outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Bamia
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece.
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24
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Tabung FK, Brown LS, Fung TT. Dietary Patterns and Colorectal Cancer Risk: A Review of 17 Years of Evidence (2000-2016). CURRENT COLORECTAL CANCER REPORTS 2017; 13:440-454. [PMID: 29399003 PMCID: PMC5794031 DOI: 10.1007/s11888-017-0390-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a global public health problem, with an estimated 1.4 million cases diagnosed worldwide in 2012. Evidence suggests that diet may be important for primary prevention. RECENT FINDINGS The 2017 WCRF/AICR Continuous Update Project on colorectal cancer concluded that there is convincing evidence linking several individual dietary factors with CRC risk but the evidence for dietary patterns was limited and inconclusive. Also, previous reviews and meta-analyses have not critically synthesized various dietary patterns. This review synthesized data from dietary patterns studies over a 17-year period from 2000 to 2016. SUMMARY We included 49 studies (28 cohort and 21 case-control) that examined the association of index-based and empirically-derived dietary patterns and CRC risk. A synthesis of food group components comprising the different index-based and empirically-derived patterns revealed two distinct dietary patterns associated with CRC risk. A "healthy" pattern, generally characterized by high intake of fruits and vegetables, wholegrains, nuts and legumes, fish and other seafood, milk and other dairy products, was associated with lower CRC risk. In contrast, the "unhealthy" pattern, characterized by high intakes of red meat, processed meat, sugar-sweetened beverages, refined grains, desserts and potatoes was associated with higher CRC risk. It is notable that the number of food groups, the intake quantity, the exact types of foods in each food group, differed between populations, yet the two dietary patterns remained consistent across regions, especially in empirically-derived patterns, an indication of the high reproducibility of these patterns. However, findings for CRC risk in both index-based and empirically-derived patterns, differed by sex, with stronger associations among men than women; study design, a higher proportion of case-control studies reported significant findings compared to prospective studies. Consuming a dietary pattern high in fruits and vegetables and low in meats and sweets is protective against CRC risk. However, important questions remain about mechanisms underlying differences by sex; life-course timing of exposure to dietary patterns; interaction of dietary patterns with the microbiome or with lifestyle factors including physical activity; and elucidation of subsite differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fred K. Tabung
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
| | | | - Teresa T. Fung
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
- Department of Nutrition, Simmons College
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25
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Convenience-based food purchase patterns: identification and associations with dietary quality, sociodemographic factors and attitudes. Public Health Nutr 2017; 21:558-570. [PMID: 29173221 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980017003378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to derive food purchase patterns considering the convenience level of foods. Associations between identified patterns and dietary quality were analysed, as well as household characteristics associated with the dietary patterns. DESIGN A Convenience Food Classification Scheme (CFCS) was developed. After classifying basic food groups into the CFCS, the formed groups were used to apply a factor analysis to identify convenience-based food purchase patterns. For these patterns nutrient and energy densities were examined. Using regression analysis, associations between the adherence to the patterns and household characteristic and attitude variables were analysed. SUBJECTS The study used representative German food purchase data from 2011. Approximately 12 million purchases of 13 131 households were recorded in these data. RESULTS Three convenience-based patterns were identified: a low-convenience, a semi-convenience and a ready-to-eat food pattern. Tighter adherence to the semi-convenience pattern was shown to result in the lowest nutrient and highest energy densities. Important factors influencing adherence to the patterns were household size, presence of children and attitudes. Working full-time was negatively associated with adherence to the low-convenience pattern and positively with the ready-to-eat pattern. CONCLUSIONS Convenience foods were an important part of households' food baskets which in some cases led to lower nutritional quality. Therefore, it is important to offer convenience foods higher in nutrient density and lower in energy density. Interventions targeted on enhancing cooking skills could be an effective strategy to increase purchases of unprocessed foods, which, in turn, could also contribute to an improved diet quality.
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Zhang C, Wang W, Zhang D. Association Between Dietary Inflammation Index and The Risk of Colorectal Cancer: A Meta-Analysis. Nutr Cancer 2017; 70:14-22. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2017.1374418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caixia Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, the School of Public Health of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijing Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, the School of Public Health of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongfeng Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, the School of Public Health of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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Alonso-Molero J, González-Donquiles C, Palazuelos C, Fernández-Villa T, Ramos E, Pollán M, Aragonés N, Llorca J, Henar Alonso M, Tardón A, Amiano P, Moleon JJJ, Pérez RP, Capelo R, Molina AJ, Acebo IG, Guevara M, Perez-Gomez B, Lope V, Huerta JM, Castaño-Vinyals G, Kogevinas M, Moreno V, Martín V. The RS4939827 polymorphism in the SMAD7 GENE and its association with Mediterranean diet in colorectal carcinogenesis. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2017; 18:122. [PMID: 29084532 PMCID: PMC5661920 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-017-0485-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background The objective of our investigation is to study the relationship between the rs4939827 SNP in the SMAD7 gene, Mediterranean diet pattern and the risk of colorectal cancer. Methods We examined 1087 cases of colorectal cancer and 2409 population controls with available DNA samples from the MCC-Spain study, 2008–2012. Descriptive statistical analyses, and multivariate logistic mixed models were performed. The potential synergistic effect of rs4939827 and the Mediterranean diet pattern was evaluated with logistic regression in different strata of of adherence to the Mediterranean diet and the genotype. Results High adherence to Mediterrenean diet was statistically significantly associated with colorectal cancer risk. A decreased risk for CRC cancer was observed for the CC compared to the TT genotype (OR = 0.65 and 95% CI = 0.51–0.81) of the rs4939827 SNP Also, we could show an association between the Mediterranean diet pattern (protective factor) and rs4939827. Although the decreased risk for the CC genotype was slightly more pronounced in subjects with high adherence to Mediterrenean diet, there was no statistically significant synergistic effect between genotype CC and adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern factors. Conclusion The SMAD7 gene and specifically the allele C could be protective for colorectal cancer. An independent protective association was also observed between high adherence Mediterranean diet pattern and CRC risk. Findings form this study indicate that high adherence to Mediterranean diet pattern has a protective role for CRC cancer probably involving the Tumor Growth Factor- β pathway in this cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12881-017-0485-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Alonso-Molero
- Grupo de Investigación en Interacciones Gen-Ambiente y Salud. Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Carmen González-Donquiles
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBERESP) and Oviedo University; Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas. Universidad de León. Campus de Vegazana, León, Spain.
| | | | - Tania Fernández-Villa
- Grupo de Investigación en Interacciones Gen-Ambiente y Salud. Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Elena Ramos
- Grupo de Investigación en Interacciones Gen-Ambiente y Salud. Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Marina Pollán
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Aragonés
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Llorca
- Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - M Henar Alonso
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Colorectal Cancer Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL). Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adonina Tardón
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Oncology Institute IUOPA, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Pilar Amiano
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - José Juan Jiménez Moleon
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Rosana Peiró Pérez
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Dirección General de Salud Pública, Fundación para el fomento de la investigación sanitaria y biomédica de la Comunidad Valenciana, FISABIO-Salud Pública, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rocío Capelo
- Centro de Investigación en Salud y Medio Ambiente (CYSMA), Universidad de Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - Antonio J Molina
- Grupo de Investigación en Interacciones Gen-Ambiente y Salud. Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Inés Gómez Acebo
- Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcela Guevara
- Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Beatriz Perez-Gomez
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.,Cancer Epidemiology Research Group, Oncology and Hematology Area, IIS Puerta De Hierro, Madrid, Spain
| | - Virginia Lope
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - José María Huerta
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Gemma Castaño-Vinyals
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain.,IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain.,IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,School of Public Health, Athens, Greece
| | - Victor Moreno
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Colorectal Cancer Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL). Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicente Martín
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Grupo de Investigación en Interacciones Gen-Ambiente y Salud de la Universidad de León, León, Spain
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Dubovichenko DM, Valkov MY, Karpunov AA, Pankrat'eva AY. POPULATION-BASED ASSESSMENT OF THE RECTAL CANCER STAGE STRUCTURE AND INCIDENCE AFTER IMPLEMENTATION OF THE NATIONAL PROJECT “HEALTH” AND ALL-NATIONAL DISPENSARIZATION IN THE ARKHANGELSK REGION, RUSSIA (THE RESULTS OF THE PRELIMINARY STUDY). RESEARCH'N PRACTICAL MEDICINE JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.17709/2409-2231-2017-4-3-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective. Assessment of the rectal cancer (RC) incidence and stage structure trends in the Arkhangelsk region (AR), Russia before and after implementation of national programs for health system reforming based on population data of the Arkhangelsk Regional Cancer Registry (ARCR) over the period 2000–2015.Materials and methods. Anonymized data on all cases of RC (C19.0‑C21.0) in the AR in 2000–2015 were extracted from the database of the ARCR. Over the study period, 3721 cases of the RC were selected. Age-standardized (ASR) RC incidence rate was calculated. Population number and its age distribution were taken from the Regional Bureau of Statistics, Arkhangelskstat. Time trends were analyzed using segmented regression.Results. Over the period, an incidence (ASR) of RC in AR increased from 11.5 to 14.2 per 100000. The incidence rates in the male population were higher than in women: 20.3 vs 12.6 in 2015. The growing trend of male incidence was stable. The ASR of RC incidence in female increased significantly by 4.6% per year in 2011–2015. RC ASRs for both urban and rural populations were growing, 12.3 and 20.4 per 100000 in 2015, respectively. StagesI, II, III and IV were established in 14%, 50%, 9% and 21% of cases, however, the stage I in urban residents was detected 4% more often. The proportion of stage I non-significantly varied from 10.6% to 13.3% in 2000–2015. After the introduction of the National Project “Health”, the proportion of the stage IV non-significantly decreased by 5.4% per year, same after the introduction of the All-national Dispensarization it non-significantly increased by 5.4% per year.Conclusion. Implementation of national programs for health system reforming didn’t provide significant improvement in earlier detection of RC. Introduction of national screening programs is necessary. A higher incidence rates among males and rural population require detailed analysis.
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Tabung FK, Steck SE, Ma Y, Liese AD, Zhang J, Lane DS, Ho GYF, Hou L, Snetselaar L, Ockene JK, Hebert JR. Changes in the Inflammatory Potential of Diet Over Time and Risk of Colorectal Cancer in Postmenopausal Women. Am J Epidemiol 2017; 186:514-523. [PMID: 28486621 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwx115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the associations between changes in dietary inflammatory potential and risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) in 87,042 postmenopausal women recruited from 1993-1998 by the Women's Health Initiative, conducted in the United States. Food frequency questionnaire data were used to compute patterns of change in dietary inflammatory index (DII) scores and cumulative average DII scores over 3 years. Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios for CRC risk. After a median of 16.2 years of follow-up, 1,038 CRC cases were diagnosed. DII changes were not substantially associated with overall CRC, but proximal colon cancer risk was higher in the proinflammatory-change DII group than in the antiinflammatory-stable DII group (hazard ratio = 1.32, 95% confidence interval: 1.01, 1.74). Among nonusers of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (Pinteraction = 0.055), the proinflammatory-stable DII group was at increased risk of overall CRC and proximal colon cancer. Also among nonusers of NSAIDs, risks of overall CRC, colon cancer, and proximal colon cancer were higher in the highest quintile compared with the lowest cumulative average DII quintile (65%, 61%, and 91% higher risk, respectively). Dietary changes toward, or a history of, proinflammatory diets are associated with an elevated risk of colon cancer, particularly for proximal colon cancer and among nonusers of NSAIDs.
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30
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Mehta RS, Song M, Nishihara R, Drew DA, Wu K, Qian ZR, Fung TT, Hamada T, Masugi Y, da Silva A, Shi Y, Li W, Gu M, Willett WC, Fuchs CS, Giovannucci EL, Ogino S, Chan AT. Dietary Patterns and Risk of Colorectal Cancer: Analysis by Tumor Location and Molecular Subtypes. Gastroenterology 2017; 152:1944-1953.e1. [PMID: 28249812 PMCID: PMC5447483 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2017.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Western and prudent dietary patterns have been associated with higher and lower risks of colorectal cancer (CRC), respectively. However, little is known about the associations between dietary patterns and specific anatomic subsites or molecular subtypes of CRC. METHODS We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards models to examine the associations between Western and prudent dietary patterns and CRC risk in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study and Nurses' Health Study. RESULTS After up to 32 years of follow-up of 137,217 men and women, we documented 3260 cases of CRC. Among individuals from whom subsite data were available, we observed 1264 proximal colon, 866 distal colon, and 670 rectal tumors. Western diet was associated with an increased incidence of CRC (Ptrend < .0001), with a relative risk (RR) of 1.31 (95% CI, 1.15-1.48, comparing the highest to lowest quartile). The association of Western diet with CRC was evident for tumors of the distal colon (RR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.22-1.96; Ptrend = .0004) and rectum (RR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.03-1.77; Ptrend = .01) but not proximal colon (RR, 1.11; 95% CI, 0.91-1.35; Ptrend = .51) when we comparing extreme quartiles. In contrast, for the prudent pattern, we observed a RR of 0.86 for overall CRC (95% CI, 0.77-0.95; Ptrend = .01), with similar trends at anatomic subsites. However, the trend appeared stronger among men than women. Among 1285 cases (39%) with tissue available for molecular profiling, Western diet appeared to be more strongly associated with some CRC molecular subtypes (no mutations in KRAS [KRAS wildtype] or BRAF [BRAF wildtype], no or a low CpG island methylator phenotype, and microsatellite stability), although formal tests for heterogeneity did not produce statistically significant results. CONCLUSIONS Western dietary patterns are associated with an increased risk of CRC, particularly distal colon and rectal tumors. Western dietary patterns also appear more strongly associated with tumors that are KRAS wildtype, BRAF wildtype, have no or a low CpG island methylator phenotype, and microsatellite stability. In contrast, prudent dietary patterns are associated with a lower risk of CRC that does not vary according to anatomic subsite or molecular subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Shuji Ogino
- Division of MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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31
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Strate LL, Keeley BR, Cao Y, Wu K, Giovannucci EL, Chan AT. Western Dietary Pattern Increases, and Prudent Dietary Pattern Decreases, Risk of Incident Diverticulitis in a Prospective Cohort Study. Gastroenterology 2017; 152:1023-1030.e2. [PMID: 28065788 PMCID: PMC5367955 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2016.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Dietary fiber is implicated as a risk factor for diverticulitis. Analyses of dietary patterns may provide information on risk beyond those of individual foods or nutrients. We examined whether major dietary patterns are associated with risk of incident diverticulitis. METHODS We performed a prospective cohort study of 46,295 men who were free of diverticulitis and known diverticulosis in 1986 (baseline) using data from the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study. Each study participant completed a detailed medical and dietary questionnaire at baseline. We sent supplemental questionnaires to men reporting incident diverticulitis on biennial follow-up questionnaires. We assessed diet every 4 years using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Western (high in red meat, refined grains, and high-fat dairy) and prudent (high in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains) dietary patterns were identified using principal component analysis. Follow-up time accrued from the date of return of the baseline questionnaire in 1986 until a diagnosis of diverticulitis, diverticulosis or diverticular bleeding; death; or December 31, 2012. The primary end point was incident diverticulitis. RESULTS During 894,468 person years of follow-up, we identified 1063 incident cases of diverticulitis. After adjustment for other risk factors, men in the highest quintile of Western dietary pattern score had a multivariate hazard ratio of 1.55 (95% CI, 1.20-1.99) for diverticulitis compared to men in the lowest quintile. High vs low prudent scores were associated with decreased risk of diverticulitis (multivariate hazard ratio, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.60-0.91). The association between dietary patterns and diverticulitis was predominantly attributable to intake of fiber and red meat. CONCLUSIONS In a prospective cohort study of 46,295 men, a Western dietary pattern was associated with increased risk of diverticulitis, and a prudent pattern was associated with decreased risk. These data can guide dietary interventions for the prevention of diverticulitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa L Strate
- Division of Gastroenterology, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington.
| | - Brieze R Keeley
- Departent of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Yin Cao
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114,Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114HR,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Kana Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114,Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114HR,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115
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32
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Harmon BE, Wirth MD, Boushey CJ, Wilkens LR, Draluck E, Shivappa N, Steck SE, Hofseth L, Haiman CA, Le Marchand L, Hébert JR. The Dietary Inflammatory Index Is Associated with Colorectal Cancer Risk in the Multiethnic Cohort. J Nutr 2017; 147:430-438. [PMID: 28179489 DOI: 10.3945/jn.116.242529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Diet is known to influence systemic inflammation, a recognized risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC). Studies in ethnically diverse populations that examine the association between dietary inflammatory potential and CRC incidence are limited.Objectives: We used the Dietary Inflammatory Index to clarify the relation between the inflammatory potential of diet and CRC incidence across racial/ethnic groups. We hypothesized that proinflammatory diets would be associated with an increased risk of CRC, and that these associations may differ across racial/ethnic groups.Methods: The Multiethnic Cohort (MEC) follows a prospective study design. It includes 190,963 white, African-American, native Hawaiian, Japanese-American, and Latino men and women aged 45-75 y at recruitment and followed over 20 y. Participants completed a food frequency questionnaire from which energy-adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DII) scores were computed and categorized into quartiles. CRC incidence was documented through linkage to cancer registry programs. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate HRs and 95% CIs, adjusting for known or expected CRC risk factors.Results: Among all participants, more-proinflammatory diets (highest quartile compared with lowest quartile) were associated with an increased risk of CRC (HR: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.11, 1.32). However, the effect size was larger for men (HR: 1.28; 95% CI: 1.13, 1.45) than for women (HR: 1.16; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.33), although the interaction term for sex was not statistically significant (P-interaction = 0.17). When stratified by race/ethnicity, the association was significantly different between groups for men (P-interaction = 0.01), although not for women (P-interaction = 0.20). Significant associations with HRs ranging from 2.33 to 1.04 were observed in white, Japanese-American, and Latino men, and native Hawaiian women.Conclusions: Overall, more-proinflammatory diets, as identified by the E-DII, were associated with increased CRC risk in MEC participants across racial/ethnic groups. This study adds to the evidence suggesting that diets with high proinflammatory potential may increase CRC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brook E Harmon
- School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN;
| | - Michael D Wirth
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | | | | | - Emma Draluck
- School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | - Susan E Steck
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | - Lorne Hofseth
- South Carolina College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; and
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | - James R Hébert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
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Hsu CW, Sowers ML, Hsu W, Eyzaguirre E, Qiu S, Chao C, Mouton CP, Fofanov Y, Singh P, Sowers LC. How does inflammation drive mutagenesis in colorectal cancer? TRENDS IN CANCER RESEARCH 2017; 12:111-132. [PMID: 30147278 PMCID: PMC6107301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major health challenge worldwide. Factors thought to be important in CRC etiology include diet, microbiome, exercise, obesity, a history of colon inflammation and family history. Interventions, including the use of non-steroidal anti-Inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and anti-inflammatory agents, have been shown to decrease incidence in some settings. However, our current understanding of the mechanistic details that drive CRC are insufficient to sort out the complex and interacting factors responsible for cancer-initiating events. It has been known for some time that the development of CRC involves mutations in key genes such as p53 and APC, and the sequence in which these mutations occur can determine tumor presentation. Observed recurrent mutations are dominated by C to T transitions at CpG sites, implicating the deamination of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) as a key initiating event in cancer-driving mutations. While it has been widely assumed that inflammation-mediated oxidation drives mutations in CRC, oxidative damage to DNA induces primarily G to T transversions, not C to T transitions. In this review, we discuss this unresolved conundrum, and specifically, we elucidate how the known nucleotide excision repair (NER) and base excision repair (BER) pathways, which are partially redundant and potentially competing, might provide a critical link between oxidative DNA damage and C to T mutations. Studies using recently developed next-generation DNA sequencing technologies have revealed the genetic heterogeneity in human tissues including tumors, as well as the presence of DNA damage. The capacity to follow DNA damage, repair and mutagenesis in human tissues using these emerging technologies could provide a mechanistic basis for understanding the role of oxidative damage in CRC tumor initiation. The application of these technologies could identify mechanism-based biomarkers useful in earlier diagnosis and aid in the development of cancer prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia Wei Hsu
- MD/PhD program, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Mark L Sowers
- MD/PhD program, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Willie Hsu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Eduardo Eyzaguirre
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Suimin Qiu
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Celia Chao
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Charles P Mouton
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Yuri Fofanov
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
- Sealy Center for Structural Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Pomila Singh
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Lawrence C Sowers
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
- Sealy Center for Structural Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
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Moskal A, Freisling H, Byrnes G, Assi N, Fahey MT, Jenab M, Ferrari P, Tjønneland A, Petersen KEN, Dahm CC, Hansen CP, Affret A, Boutron-Ruault MC, Cadeau C, Kühn T, Katzke V, Iqbal K, Boeing H, Trichopoulou A, Bamia C, Naska A, Masala G, de Magistris MS, Sieri S, Tumino R, Sacerdote C, Peeters PH, Bueno-de-Mesquita BH, Engeset D, Licaj I, Skeie G, Ardanaz E, Buckland G, Castaño JMH, Quirós JR, Amiano P, Molina-Portillo E, Winkvist A, Myte R, Ericson U, Sonestedt E, Perez-Cornago A, Wareham N, Khaw KT, Huybrechts I, Tsilidis KK, Ward H, Gunter MJ, Slimani N. Main nutrient patterns and colorectal cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study. Br J Cancer 2016; 115:1430-1440. [PMID: 27764841 PMCID: PMC5129834 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2016.334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Much of the current literature on diet-colorectal cancer (CRC) associations focused on studies of single foods/nutrients, whereas less is known about nutrient patterns. We investigated the association between major nutrient patterns and CRC risk in participants of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. METHODS Among 477 312 participants, intakes of 23 nutrients were estimated from validated dietary questionnaires. Using results from a previous principal component (PC) analysis, four major nutrient patterns were identified. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed for the association of each of the four patterns and CRC incidence using multivariate Cox proportional hazards models with adjustment for established CRC risk factors. RESULTS During an average of 11 years of follow-up, 4517 incident cases of CRC were documented. A nutrient pattern characterised by high intakes of vitamins and minerals was inversely associated with CRC (HR per 1 s.d.=0.94, 95% CI: 0.92-0.98) as was a pattern characterised by total protein, riboflavin, phosphorus and calcium (HR (1 s.d.)=0.96, 95% CI: 0.93-0.99). The remaining two patterns were not significantly associated with CRC risk. CONCLUSIONS Analysing nutrient patterns may improve our understanding of how groups of nutrients relate to CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Moskal
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Heinz Freisling
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Graham Byrnes
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Nada Assi
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Michael T Fahey
- Department of Statistics, Data Science and Epidemiology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia
| | - Mazda Jenab
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Pietro Ferrari
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Unit of Diet, Genes and Environment, Strandboulevarden 49, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Kristina EN Petersen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Unit of Diet, Genes and Environment, Strandboulevarden 49, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Christina C Dahm
- Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Bartholins Alle 2, Aarhus C DK-8000, Denmark
| | - Camilla Plambeck Hansen
- Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Bartholins Alle 2, Aarhus C DK-8000, Denmark
| | - Aurélie Affret
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, CESP, INSERM UMRS 1018, Villejuif F-94805, France
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif F-94805, France
| | - Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, CESP, INSERM UMRS 1018, Villejuif F-94805, France
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif F-94805, France
| | - Claire Cadeau
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, CESP, INSERM UMRS 1018, Villejuif F-94805, France
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif F-94805, France
| | - Tilman Kühn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Verena Katzke
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Khalid Iqbal
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, Nuthetal 14558, Germany
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, Nuthetal 14558, Germany
| | - Antonia Trichopoulou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, 13 Kaisareias Street, Athens GR-115 27, Greece
- WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Mikras Asias 75, Goudi, Athens GR-115 27, Greece
| | - Christina Bamia
- Hellenic Health Foundation, 13 Kaisareias Street, Athens GR-115 27, Greece
- WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Mikras Asias 75, Goudi, Athens GR-115 27, Greece
| | - Androniki Naska
- Hellenic Health Foundation, 13 Kaisareias Street, Athens GR-115 27, Greece
- WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Mikras Asias 75, Goudi, Athens GR-115 27, Greece
| | - Giovanna Masala
- Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute–ISPO, Ponte Nuovo Palazzina 28A ‘Mario Fiori', Via delle Oblate 4, Florence 50141, Italy
| | - Maria Santucci de Magistris
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Federico II University, via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Sabina Sieri
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian, 1, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, ‘Civic–M.P.Arezzo' Hospital, ASP, Via Dante No. 109, Ragusa 97100, Italy
| | - Carlotta Sacerdote
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Via Santena 7, Turin 10126, Italy
- Centre for Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention (CPO Piemonte), Via Santena 7, Turin 10126, Italy
| | - Petra H Peeters
- Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Huispost Str. 6.131, PO Box 85500, Utrecht 3508 GA The Netherlands
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Bas H Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Department for Determinants of Chronic Diseases (DCD), National Institute for Public Health and The Environment (RIVM), PO Box 1, Bilthoven 3720 BA, The Netherlands
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglann 100, Utrecht 3584 CX, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Dagrun Engeset
- The Norwegian Food Safety Authority, Head Office, Postboks 383, 2381 Brumunddal, Norway
| | - Idlir Licaj
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø N-9037, Norway
| | - Guri Skeie
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø N-9037, Norway
| | - Eva Ardanaz
- Navarra Public Health Institute, c/Leyre 15, Pamplona 31003, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Recinto de Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra c/Irunlarrea 3, Pamplona, 31008, Spain
- CIBER, Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3-5, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Genevieve Buckland
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Avda Gran Via 199-203, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José M Huerta Castaño
- CIBER, Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3-5, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Ronda de Levante 11, Murcia 30008, Spain
| | - José R Quirós
- Public Health Directorate, Asturias, Ciriaco Miguel Vigil St 9, Oviedo 33006, Spain
| | - Pilar Amiano
- CIBER, Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3-5, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa-BIODonostia Research Institute, Basque Regional Health Department, 20013 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Elena Molina-Portillo
- CIBER, Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3-5, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Cuesta del Observatorio, 4, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, Granada 18080, Spain
| | - Anna Winkvist
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, University of Gothenburg, PO Box 459, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutrition Research, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Robin Myte
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Ericson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Box 117, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Emily Sonestedt
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Box 117, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Aurora Perez-Cornago
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Nick Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Box 285, CB2 0QQ Cambridge, UK
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- Clinical Gerontology Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Rd, Cambridge CB2 0SP, UK
| | - Inge Huybrechts
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Konstantinos K Tsilidis
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, University Campus, Ionnina 45110, Greece
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, Cambridge
| | - Heather Ward
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, Cambridge
| | - Marc J Gunter
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Nadia Slimani
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
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35
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Jacobs S, Harmon BE, Ollberding NJ, Wilkens LR, Monroe KR, Kolonel LN, Le Marchand L, Boushey CJ, Maskarinec G. Among 4 Diet Quality Indexes, Only the Alternate Mediterranean Diet Score Is Associated with Better Colorectal Cancer Survival and Only in African American Women in the Multiethnic Cohort. J Nutr 2016; 146:1746-55. [PMID: 27511927 PMCID: PMC4997287 DOI: 10.3945/jn.116.234237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States, with a 5-y survival rate of ∼65%. Therefore, the identification of modifiable health factors to improve CRC survival is crucial. OBJECTIVE We investigated the association of 4 prediagnostic a priori diet quality indexes with CRC-specific and all-cause mortality in the Multiethnic Cohort (MEC). METHODS The MEC included >215,000 African-American, Native Hawaiian, Japanese-American, Latino, and white adults living in Hawaii and California who completed a validated quantitative food-frequency questionnaire in 1993-1996. CRC cases and deaths were identified through linkages to cancer registries and to state and national vital registries. Sex-specific HRs and 95% CIs were estimated for the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) 2010, the Alternative HEI (AHEI) 2010, the alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMED) score, and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) index with CRC-specific and overall mortality as the primary outcomes. Ethnicity-specific analyses were the secondary outcomes. RESULTS Among 4204 MEC participants diagnosed with invasive CRC through 2010, 1976 all-cause and 1095 CRC-specific deaths were identified. A higher aMED score was associated with lower CRC-specific mortality in women [HR continuous pattern score divided by its respective SD (HR1SD): 0.86; 95% CI: 0.77, 0.96] but not in men (HR1SD: 1.01; 95% CI: 0.92, 1.11). A higher aMED score was also associated with lower all-cause mortality in women (HR1SD: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.81, 0.96) but not in men (HR1SD: 1.00; 95% CI: 0.93, 1.07). The HEI-2010, AHEI-2010, and DASH index were not significantly associated with CRC-specific or with all-cause mortality. The inverse relation for the aMED score was limited to African Americans and to colon (compared with rectal) cancer. CONCLUSIONS The aMED score was related to lower mortality only in African-American women (1 of 5 ethnic groups studied). The results should be interpreted with caution due to the small numbers of cases within ethnic groups and the issue of multiple testing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brook E Harmon
- School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN
| | | | | | - Kristine R Monroe
- University of Southern California, Health Sciences Campus, Los Angeles, CA
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36
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Sierra MS, Forman D. Burden of colorectal cancer in Central and South America. Cancer Epidemiol 2016; 44 Suppl 1:S74-S81. [PMID: 27678325 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2016.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVE The colorectal cancer (CRC) burden is increasing in Central and South American due to an ongoing transition towards higher levels of human development. We describe the burden of CRC in the region and review the current status of disease control. METHODS We obtained regional- and national-level incidence data from 48 population-based cancer registries in 13 countries, as well as cancer deaths from the WHO mortality database for 18 countries. We estimated world population age-standardized incidence (ASR) and mortality (ASMR) rates per 100,000 person-years for 2003-2007 and the estimated annual percentage change for 1997-2008. RESULTS The CRC rate in males was 1-2 times higher than that in females. In 2003-2007, the highest ASRs were seen in Uruguayan, Brazilian and Argentinean males (25.2-34.2) and Uruguayan and Brazilian females (21.5-24.7), while El Salvador had the lowest ASR in both sexes (males: 1.5, females: 1.3). ASMRs were<10 for both sexes, except in Uruguay, Cuba and Argentina (10.0-17.7 and 11.3-12.0). CRC incidence is increasing in Chilean males. Most countries have national screening guidelines. Uruguay and Argentina have implemented national screening programs. CONCLUSION Geographic variation in CRC and sex gaps may be explained by differences in the prevalence of obesity, physical inactivity, diet, smoking and alcohol consumption, early detection, and cancer registration practices. Establishing optimal CRC screening programs is challenging due to lack of healthcare access and coverage, funding, regional differences and inadequate infrastructure, and may not be feasible. Given the current status of CRC in the region, data generated by population-based cancer registries is crucial for cancer control planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica S Sierra
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, Rhone, France.
| | - David Forman
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, Rhone, France
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37
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Acquaviva R, Sorrenti V, Santangelo R, Cardile V, Tomasello B, Malfa G, Vanella L, Amodeo A, Genovese C, Mastrojeni S, Pugliese M, Ragusa M, Di Giacomo C. Effects of an extract of Celtis aetnensis (Tornab.) Strobl twigs on human colon cancer cell cultures. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:2298-304. [PMID: 27573437 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancers of the digestive tract, in particular colorectal cancer (CRC), are among those most responsive to dietary modification. Research has shown that approximately 75% of all sporadic cases of CRC are directly influenced by diet. Many natural compounds have been investigated for their potential usefulness as cancer chemopreventive agents as they have been thought to suppress carcinogenesis mainly during the initiation phase due to their radical scavenger activity. Since there is an increasing interest in the in vivo protective effects of natural compounds contained in plants against oxidative damage involved in several human diseases such as cancer, the aim of the present research was to test the effects of a Celtis aetnensis (Tornab.) Strobl twig extract on a human colon carcinoma cell line (Caco2). In order to elucidate the mechanisms of action of this extract, LDH release, GSH content, ROS levels, caspase-3 and γ-GCS expression were also evaluated. The results revealed that the Celtis aetnensis extract reduced the cell viability of the Caco2 cells inducing apoptosis at the lowest concentration and necrosis at higher dosages. In addition, this extract caused an increase in the levels of ROS, a decrease in RSH levels and in the expression of HO-1. The expression of γ-GCS was not modified in the Celtis aetnensis-treated Caco-2 cells. These results suggest an interference of this extract on the oxidant/antioxidant cell balance with consequent cell damage. The present study supports the growing body of data suggesting the bioactivities of Celtis aetnensis (Tornab.) Strobl and its potential impact on cancer therapy and on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Acquaviva
- Department of Drug Science, Biochemistry Section, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Valeria Sorrenti
- Department of Drug Science, Biochemistry Section, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Rosa Santangelo
- Department of Drug Science, Biochemistry Section, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Venera Cardile
- Department of Bio-medical Sciences, Physiology Section, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Barbara Tomasello
- Department of Drug Science, Biochemistry Section, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Malfa
- Department of Drug Science, Biochemistry Section, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Luca Vanella
- Department of Drug Science, Biochemistry Section, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Andrea Amodeo
- Department of Bio-medical Sciences, Microbiology Section, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Carlo Genovese
- Department of Bio-medical Sciences, Microbiology Section, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Silvana Mastrojeni
- Department of Bio-medical Sciences, Microbiology Section, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Michela Pugliese
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, I-98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Monica Ragusa
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, I-98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Claudia Di Giacomo
- Department of Drug Science, Biochemistry Section, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
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38
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Diet Quality and Cancer Outcomes in Adults: A Systematic Review of Epidemiological Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17071052. [PMID: 27399671 PMCID: PMC4964428 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17071052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary patterns influence cancer risk. However, systematic reviews have not evaluated relationships between a priori defined diet quality scores and adult cancer risk and mortality. The aims of this systematic review are to (1) describe diet quality scores used in cohort or cross-sectional research examining cancer outcomes; and (2) describe associations between diet quality scores and cancer risk and mortality. The protocol was registered in Prospero, and a systematic search using six electronic databases was conducted through to December 2014. Records were assessed for inclusion by two independent reviewers, and quality was evaluated using a validated tool. Sixty-four studies met inclusion criteria from which 55 different diet quality scores were identified. Of the 35 studies investigating diet quality and cancer risk, 60% (n = 21) found a positive relationship. Results suggest no relationship between diet quality scores and overall cancer risk. Inverse associations were found for diet quality scores and risk of postmenopausal breast, colorectal, head, and neck cancer. No consistent relationships between diet quality scores and cancer mortality were found. Diet quality appears to be related to site-specific adult cancer risk. The relationship with cancer mortality is less conclusive, suggesting additional factors impact overall cancer survival. Development of a cancer-specific diet quality score for application in prospective epidemiology and in public health is warranted.
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Dietary patterns and sociodemographic factors: considerations for nutrition research. Public Health Nutr 2016; 19:3055-3056. [PMID: 27181563 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980016001075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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40
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Wirth MD, Hébert JR, Shivappa N, Hand GA, Hurley TG, Drenowatz C, McMahon D, Shook RP, Blair SN. Anti-inflammatory Dietary Inflammatory Index scores are associated with healthier scores on other dietary indices. Nutr Res 2015; 36:214-9. [PMID: 26923507 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2015.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Dietary components are important determinants of systemic inflammation, a risk factor for most chronic diseases. The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) was developed to assess dietary inflammatory potential. It was hypothesized that anti-inflammatory DII scores would be associated with "healthier" scores on other dietary indices. The Energy Balance Study is an observational study focusing on energy intake and expenditure in young adults; only baseline data were used for this analysis (n=430). The DII, as well as the Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010), the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI), and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Index (DASH) were calculated based on one to three 24-hour dietary recalls. General linear models were used to estimate least square means of the AHEI, HEI-2010, and DASH according to DII quartiles. Those with higher (ie, more proinflammatory) DII scores were more likely to be males, have less than a completed college education, and be younger. In addition, those with higher scores for cognitive restraint for eating or drive for thinness had lower (ie, anti-inflammatory) DII scores. Linear regression analyses indicated that as the DII increased, the AHEI, HEI-2010, and DASH dietary indices decreased (ie, became more unhealthy, all P<.01). The DII is a novel tool that characterizes the inflammatory potential of diet and is grounded in the peer-reviewed literature on diet and inflammation. Findings from the Energy Balance Study indicate that the DII is associated with other dietary indices, but has the added advantage of specifically measuring dietary inflammatory potential, a risk factor for chronic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Wirth
- South Carolina Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene St, Suite 200, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene St, Suite 200, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; Connecting Health Innovations LLC, 1417 Gregg St, Columbia, SC 29201, USA.
| | - James R Hébert
- South Carolina Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene St, Suite 200, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene St, Suite 200, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; Connecting Health Innovations LLC, 1417 Gregg St, Columbia, SC 29201, USA
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- South Carolina Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene St, Suite 200, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene St, Suite 200, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; Connecting Health Innovations LLC, 1417 Gregg St, Columbia, SC 29201, USA
| | - Gregory A Hand
- Department of Epidemiology, West Virginia University, One Medical Drive Center, PO Box 9190, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Thomas G Hurley
- South Carolina Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene St, Suite 200, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Clemens Drenowatz
- Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly St, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Daria McMahon
- South Carolina Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene St, Suite 200, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene St, Suite 200, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Robin P Shook
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, 241 Forker Bldg, Ames, IA 5001, USA
| | - Steven N Blair
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene St, Suite 200, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly St, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
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41
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Steck SE, Guinter M, Zheng J, Thomson CA. Index-based dietary patterns and colorectal cancer risk: a systematic review. Adv Nutr 2015; 6:763-73. [PMID: 26567200 PMCID: PMC4642428 DOI: 10.3945/an.115.009746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in both men and women in the United States. Various a priori dietary patterns that take into account diet complexity have been associated with CRC risk. This systematic review augments the evidence for an association between CRC risk and the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) and the Healthy Eating Index (HEI), and provides new evidence for a novel Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII). Human studies published in English after 31 December 2008 were reviewed. Five case-control studies and 7 prospective cohort studies conducted in the United States and Europe were identified. Five of the studies examined the MDS, 4 examined the HEI, and 4 examined the DII. Comparing highest to lowest score groups, higher MDSs were associated with an 8-54% lower CRC risk, and higher HEI scores were associated with a 20-56% lower CRC risk. More proinflammatory diet scores were associated with a 12-65% higher CRC risk compared with more anti-inflammatory diets in studies that used the DII. The results reported by sex suggested similar associations for men and women. This review builds upon the evidence supporting the association between higher overall diet quality and lower risk of CRC. Increasing scores of MDS and HEI and anti-inflammatory DII scores are characterized by high intake of plant-based foods and low intake of animal products. Future studies in more diverse populations and with consistent scoring calculations are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan E Steck
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; and
| | - Mark Guinter
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and,Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; and
| | - Jiali Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and,Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; and
| | - Cynthia A Thomson
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health and,Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
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Abstract
Dietary patterns derived by statistical procedures is a way to identify overall dietary habits in specific populations. The aim of this study was to identify and characterise dietary patterns in Swedish adults using data from the national dietary survey Riksmaten adults 2010-11 (952 women, 788 men). Principal component analyses were used and two patterns were identified in both sexes: a healthy pattern loading positively on vegetables, fruits, fish and seafood, and vegetable oils, and negatively on refined bread and fast food, and a Swedish traditional pattern loading positively on potatoes, meat and processed meat, full-fat milk products, sweet bakery products, sweet condiments and margarine. In addition, a light-meal pattern was identified in women with positive loadings on fibre-rich bread, cheese, rice, pasta and food grain dishes, substitute products for meat and dairy products, candies and tea. The healthy pattern was positively correlated to dietary fibre (r 0·51-0·58) and n-3 (r 0·25-0·31) (all P<0·0001), and had a higher nutrient density of folate, vitamin D and Se. The Swedish traditional and the light-meal pattern were positively correlated to added sugar (r 0·20-0·25) and the Swedish traditional also to SFA (r 0·13-0·21) (all P<0·0001); both patterns were in general negatively correlated to micronutrients. Dietary pattern scores were associated with, for example, age, physical activity, education and income. In conclusion, we identified three major dietary patterns among Swedish adults. The patterns can be further used for examining the association between whole diet and health outcomes.
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43
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Wirth MD, Shivappa N, Steck SE, Hurley TG, Hébert JR. The dietary inflammatory index is associated with colorectal cancer in the National Institutes of Health-American Association of Retired Persons Diet and Health Study. Br J Nutr 2015; 113:1819-27. [PMID: 25871645 PMCID: PMC4466003 DOI: 10.1017/s000711451500104x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Diet is a strong moderator of systemic inflammation, an established risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC). The dietary inflammatory index (DII) measures the inflammatory potential of individuals' diets. The association between the DII and incident CRC was examined, using the National Institutes of Health-American Associations of Retired Persons Diet and Health Study individuals (n 489,422) aged 50-74 years at recruitment, starting between 1995-6, and followed for a mean of 9·1 (sd 2·9) years. Baseline data from a FFQ were used to calculate the DII; higher scores are more pro-inflammatory, and lower scores are more anti-inflammatory. First, primary CRC diagnoses were identified through linkage to state cancer registries. Anatomic location and disease severity also were examined. Cox proportional hazards models estimated CRC hazard ratios (HR) and 95% CI using quartile 1 as the referent. DII quartile 4 compared to quartile 1 was associated with CRC risk among all subjects (HR 1·40, 95% CI 1·28, 1·53; P for trend < 0·01). Statistically significant associations also were observed for each anatomic site examined, for moderate and poorly differentiated tumours, and at each cancer stage among all subjects. Effects were similar when stratified by sex; however, results were statistically significant only in males. The only result reaching statistical significance in females was risk of moderately differentiated CRC tumours (DII quartile 4 v. quartile 1 HR 1·26, 95% CI 1·03, 1·56). Overall, the DII was associated with CRC risk among all subjects. The DII may serve as a novel way to evaluate dietary risk for chronic disorders associated with inflammation, such as CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Wirth
- The South Carolina Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina,915 Greene Street, Suite 200,Columbia,SC29223,USA
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- The South Carolina Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina,915 Greene Street, Suite 200,Columbia,SC29223,USA
| | - Susan E Steck
- The South Carolina Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina,915 Greene Street, Suite 200,Columbia,SC29223,USA
| | - Thomas G Hurley
- The South Carolina Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina,915 Greene Street, Suite 200,Columbia,SC29223,USA
| | - James R Hébert
- The South Carolina Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina,915 Greene Street, Suite 200,Columbia,SC29223,USA
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Adolescents' Food Choice and the Place of Plant-Based Foods. Nutrients 2015; 7:4619-37. [PMID: 26066012 PMCID: PMC4488805 DOI: 10.3390/nu7064619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A diet dominated by plant foods, with limited amounts of refined processed foods and animal products conveys substantial health benefits. This study sought to explore adolescents' attitudes and perceptions towards plant-based foods. Semi-structured focus group interviews were conducted with adolescents (age 14-15 years) (n = 29) attending an inner city school in Yorkshire, UK. Using a grounded theory methodology, data analysis provided four main categories and related concepts revolving around adolescents' perspectives on plant-based foods: food choice parameters; perceived drivers and benefits of plant-based foods; environmental food cues; barriers to plant-based food choice. In the emergent grounded theory, a clear disconnect between plant-based foods and the parameters that adolescents use to make food choices, is highlighted. Further, key barriers to adolescents adopting a plant-based diet are differentiated and considered with respect to practice and policy. The analysis offers a framework to remodel and re-present plant-based foods. In this way, it is proposed that a closer connection is possible, with consequent shifts in adolescents' dietary behaviour towards a more plant-based diet and associated health benefits.
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Azizi H, Asadollahi K, Davtalab Esmaeili E, Mirzapoor M. Iranian dietary patterns and risk of colorectal cancer. Health Promot Perspect 2015; 5:72-80. [PMID: 26000248 DOI: 10.15171/hpp.2015.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Role of diet on colorectal cancer (CRC) has been considered in terms of single foods and nutrients, but less frequently in terms of dietary patterns in Iran. The objective of this study was to determine the association between Iranian dietary patterns and CRC. METHODS This case-control study was conducted in four hospitals in Tabriz City of Iran including 414 participants aged 35-75 years:207 cases with CRC confirmed by pathology and colonoscopy findings were selected and 207 controls free of neoplastic conditions and diet-related chronic diseases (from the same hospital at the same period for the cases). Dietary data were assessed using a 123-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Two dietary patterns were found by using of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method;"Healthy pattern"and "Iranian pattern". Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (OR) for relationship between dietary patterns and colorectal cancer. RESULTS After adjusting for confounding factors, the Iranian dietary pattern was significantly associated with an increased odds of colorectal cancer (OR= 1.46; 95% Confidenec Interval (CI)=1.05-2.19) while a reduced odds of colorectal cancer was observed with the Healthy dietary pattern (OR=0.18; 95% CI= 0.091-0.47). CONCLUSION Iranian dietary pattern (IDP) seems to increase the odds of colorectal cancer and protective effect of Healthy dietary pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosein Azizi
- Department of Control & Prevention of Disease, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran ; Department of Epidemiology, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Khairollah Asadollahi
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Mirzapoor
- Malekan Health Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Judd SE, Letter AJ, Shikany JM, Roth DL, Newby PK. Dietary Patterns Derived Using Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis are Stable and Generalizable Across Race, Region, and Gender Subgroups in the REGARDS Study. Front Nutr 2015; 1:29. [PMID: 25988129 PMCID: PMC4429641 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2014.00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Examining diet as a whole using dietary patterns as exposures is a complementary method to using single food or nutrients in studies of diet and disease, but the generalizability of intake patterns across race, region, and gender in the United States has not been established. Objective: To employ rigorous statistical analysis to empirically derive dietary patterns in a large bi-racial, geographically diverse population and examine whether results are stable across population subgroups. Design: The present analysis utilized data from 21,636 participants in the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study who completed the Block 98 food frequency questionnaire. We employed exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analyses on 56 different food groups iteratively and examined differences by race, region, and sex to determine the optimal factor solution in our sample. Results: Five dietary patterns emerged: the “Convenience” pattern was characterized by mixed dishes; the “Plant-based” pattern by fruits, vegetables, and fish; the “Sweets/Fats” pattern by sweet snacks, desserts, and fats and oils; the “Southern” pattern by fried foods, organ meat, and sweetened beverages; and the “Alcohol/Salads” pattern by beer, wine, liquor, and salads. Differences were most pronounced in the Southern pattern with black participants, those residing in the Southeast, and participants not completing high school having the highest scores. Conclusion: Five meaningful dietary patterns emerged in the REGARDS study and showed strong congruence across race, sex, and region. Future research will examine associations between these patterns and health outcomes to better understand racial disparities in disease and inform prevention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne E Judd
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, AL , USA
| | - Abraham J Letter
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, AL , USA
| | - James M Shikany
- Division of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, AL , USA
| | - David L Roth
- Center on Aging and Health, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD , USA
| | - P K Newby
- Department of Pediatrics and Program in Graduate Medical Nutrition Sciences, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, MA , USA ; Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health , Boston, MA , USA ; Program in Gastronomy, Culinary Arts, and Wine Studies, Boston University Metropolitan College , Boston, MA , USA
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Chen Z, Wang PP, Woodrow J, Zhu Y, Roebothan B, Mclaughlin JR, Parfrey PS. Dietary patterns and colorectal cancer: results from a Canadian population-based study. Nutr J 2015; 14:8. [PMID: 25592002 PMCID: PMC4326290 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2891-14-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The relationship between major dietary patterns and colorectal cancer (CRC) in other populations largely remains consistent across studies. The objective of the present study is to assess if dietary patterns are associated with the risk of CRC in the population of Newfoundland and Labrador (NL). Methods Data from a population based case–control study in the province of NL were analyzed, including 506 CRC patients (306 men and 200 women) and 673 controls (400 men and 273 women), aged 20–74 years. Dietary habits were assessed by a 169-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate the association between dietary patterns and the CRC risk. Results Three major dietary patterns were derived using factor analysis, namely a Meat-diet pattern, a Plant-based diet pattern and a Sugary-diet pattern. In combination the three dietary patterns explained 74% of the total variance in food intake. Results suggest that the Meat-diet and the Sugary-diet increased the risk of CRC with corresponding odds ratios (ORs) of 1.84 (95% CI: 1.19-2.86) and 2.26 (95% CI: 1.39-3.66) for people in the highest intake quintile compared to those in the lowest. Whereas plant-based diet pattern decreases the risk of CRC with a corresponding OR of 0.55 (95% CI: 0.35-0.87). Even though odds ratios (ORs) were not always statistically significant, largely similar associations across three cancer sites were found: the proximal colon, the distal colon, and the rectum. Conclusion The finding that Meat-diet/Sugary-diet patterns increased and Plant-based diet pattern decreased the risk of CRC would guide the promotion of healthy eating for primary prevention of CRC in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peizhong Peter Wang
- Division of Community Health and Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St, John's, Newfoundland and Labrador A1B 3V6, Canada.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common diagnosed cancer in men and the second in women. Dietary factors and lifestyle may contribute to the increasing CRC incidence, making these issues interesting for both the general population and the medical oncology community. OBJECTIVE The aim of this report is to present a review of the published epidemiologic research to date reflecting the most current scientific evidence related to diet and CRC risk. DESIGN EMBASE and PubMed-NCBI were searched for relevant articles up to November 2014 that identified potential interactions between foods or dietary patterns and CRC risk. RESULTS Obesity increases the risk of CRC by 19%. Regular physical activity reduces this risk by 24%. CRC risk derived from red meat intake is influenced by both total intake and its frequency. Fish consumption may decrease CRC risk by 12% whereas garlic intake is not significantly associated with reduced CRC risk. Intakes of more than 20g/day of fiber are associated with a 25% reduction of CRC risk and 525mL/day of milk reduces colon cancer risk by 26% in men. Moderate amounts of alcohol (25-30g/day) increase CRC risk. CONCLUSIONS CRC is a preventable disease through the modification of associated risk factors, including physical inactivity, obesity and overweight, excessive meat intake, smoking and alcoholic beverage consumption. Nonetheless, epidemiological evidence in this regard is not conclusive so further research is warranted.
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Fung TT, Kashambwa R, Sato K, Chiuve SE, Fuchs CS, Wu K, Giovannucci E, Ogino S, Hu FB, Meyerhardt JA. Post diagnosis diet quality and colorectal cancer survival in women. PLoS One 2014; 9:e115377. [PMID: 25506700 PMCID: PMC4266679 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary factors are known to influence colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, however, their association with CRC survival is unclear. Therefore, we prospectively examined the association between diet quality scores, dietary patterns and colorectal cancer (CRC) survival. METHODS 1201 women diagnosed with stage I-III CRC between 1986 and 2008, were followed through 2010. Diet was assessed via a food frequency questionnaire administered at least 6 months after diagnosis. We computed the Alternate Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010), alternate Mediterranean Diet score (aMED) and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension score (DASH) and derived two dietary patterns, Western (unhealthy) and prudent (healthy), by principal component analysis for each woman. RESULTS During follow-up, we documented 435 deaths, including 162 from CRC. After adjusting for potential confounders, only a higher AHEI-2010 score was significantly associated with lower overall mortality (HR comparing extreme quintiles = 0.71, 95% CI 0.52-0.98, p trend = 0.01) as well as borderline significantly with lower risk of CRC mortality by the trend test (HR Q5 vs Q1 = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.43-1.21, p trend = 0.07). When AHEI-2010 components were examined separately, inverse associations for overall mortality were primarily accounted for by moderate alcohol intake (HR comparing abstainers vs 5-15 g/d = 1.30, 95%CI = 1.05-1.61) and lower intake of sugar sweetened beverages and fruit juices combined (HR for each additional serving = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.01-1.23). No other diet quality score or dietary pattern was associated with overall or CRC-specific mortality. CONCLUSION Higher AHEI-2010 score may be associated with lower overall mortality, moderate alcohol consumption and lower consumption of sugar sweetened beverages and juices combined appeared to account for most of the observed associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa T. Fung
- Department of Nutrition, Simmons College, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Rutendo Kashambwa
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kaori Sato
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Stephanie E. Chiuve
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Charles S. Fuchs
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kana Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Edward Giovannucci
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Shuji Ogino
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Frank B. Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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Lv N, Xiao L, Ma J. Dietary pattern and asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Asthma Allergy 2014; 7:105-21. [PMID: 25143747 PMCID: PMC4137988 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s49960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The literature on the relationship between diet and asthma has largely focused on individual nutrients, with conflicting results. People consume a combination of foods from various groups that form a dietary pattern. Studying the role of dietary patterns in asthma is an emerging area of research. The purpose of this study was to systematically review dietary patterns and asthma outcomes in adults and children, to review maternal diet and child asthma, and to conduct a meta-analysis on the association between asthma prevalence and dietary patterns in adults. Methods We searched Medline, Scopus, and ISI Web of Knowledge up to January 2014. Two researchers independently reviewed studies meeting the inclusion criteria using the American Dietetic Association quality criteria. A linear mixed model was used to derive the pooled effect size (95% confidence interval) for each of three dietary pattern categories (healthy, unhealthy, and neutral). Results Thirty-one studies were identified (16 cross-sectional, one case-control, 13 cohort, and one randomized controlled trial), including 12 in adults, 13 in children, five in pregnant woman–child pairs, and one in both children and pregnant woman–child pairs. Six of the 12 adult studies reported significant associations between dietary patterns and asthma outcomes (eg, ever asthma and forced expiratory volume in one second). Seven of ten studies examining the Mediterranean diet showed protective effects on child asthma and/or wheeze. Four of the six studies in mother-child pairs showed that maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy were not associated with child asthma or wheeze. The meta-analysis including six adult studies, the primary outcome of which was the prevalence of current or ever asthma, showed no association with healthy, unhealthy, or neutral dietary patterns. Conclusion The evidence suggests no association of dietary patterns with asthma prevalence in adults or of maternal diet with child asthma or wheeze. The Mediterranean diet in children may prevent asthma or wheeze, but randomized controlled trials are lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Lv
- Palo Alto Medical Foundation Research Institute, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lan Xiao
- Palo Alto Medical Foundation Research Institute, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jun Ma
- Palo Alto Medical Foundation Research Institute, Stanford, CA, USA ; Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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