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Amato R, Oteri M, Chiofalo B, Zicarelli F, Musco N, Sarubbi F, Pacifico S, Formato M, Lombardi P, Di Bennardo F, Iommelli P, Infascelli F, Tudisco R. Diet supplementation with hemp ( Cannabis sativa L.) inflorescences: effects on quanti-qualitative milk yield and fatty acid profile on grazing dairy goats. Vet Q 2024; 44:1-8. [PMID: 39118475 PMCID: PMC11318486 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2024.2388715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is an annual plant belonging to the family of Cannabaceae with several varieties characterized by different fatty acid profile, content in flavonoids, polyphenols, and cannabinoid compounds. Hemp is mostly used in livestock nutrition as oil or as protein cake, but not as inflorescences. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary hemp inflorescences on milk yield and composition in grazing dairy goats. Twenty Camosciata delle Alpi goats at their 3rd parity and with a mean body weight of 45.2 ± 2.0 kg, immediately after kidding, were equally allocated into two groups (G: Grazing and GH: grazing and hemp). For three months, all goats were fed on a permanent pasture and received 700/head/day of concentrate; diet of group GH was supplemented with 20 g/head/day of hemp inflorescences. Goats' body weight did not change during the trial. Individual milk yield was daily recorded and samples collected every 20 days for chemical composition and fatty acid profile analysis. No significant differences were found for milk yield and chemical composition. Caproic (C6:0) (1.80 vs. 1.74%; p < 0.01) and lauric acids (C12:0) were significantly higher in milk of group GH (4.83 vs. 4.32%; p < 0.01) as well as linoleic (C18:2) (2.04 vs. 1.93%; p < 0.05), adrenic acid (C22:4) (0.046 vs. 0.031%, p < 0.05), omega-6/omega-3 ratio (3.17 vs. 2.93, p < 0.05) and total conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) (0.435 vs. 0.417%; p < 0.01). The results of this study suggest that the supplementation of grazing goats' diet with hemp inflorescences may enhance the milk nutritional characteristics by increasing its content of CLAs and other beneficial fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruggero Amato
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Marianna Oteri
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Biagina Chiofalo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Fabio Zicarelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Nadia Musco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Fiorella Sarubbi
- Institute for the Animal Production System in the Mediterranean Environment, National Research Council, Portici, Italy
| | - Severina Pacifico
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Marialuisa Formato
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Pietro Lombardi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Di Bennardo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Piera Iommelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Federico Infascelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaella Tudisco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Le AT, Prabhu N, S Almoallim H, Awad Alahmadi T. Assessment of nutraceutical value, physicochemical, and anti-inflammatory profile of Odonthalia floccose and Odonthalia dentata. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 259:119487. [PMID: 38917932 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
The nutraceutical value, and physicochemical profile as well as anti-inflammatory activity potential of Odonthalia floccose and Odonthalia dentata (red macroalgae) dry biomass were investigated in this study. Proximate composition study results revealed that the dry biomass of O. floccose and O. dentae were found to be as ash: 9.11 & 8.7 g 100 g-1, moisture: 8.24 & 8.1 g 100 g-1, total fat: 6.9 & 7.2 g 100 g-1, protein: 24.52 & 25.6 g 100 g-1, and total carbohydrate/polysaccharides: 53.84 & 48.85 g 100 g-1 of dry weight biomass respectively. Both algae biomass contain considerable quantity of minerals (Fe, Cu, Mg, and Zn). Furthermore, the major saturated fatty acids (6.24 & 5.82 g FAME 100 g-1 of total fat of O. floccose and O. dentate) (ΣFAs) present in the test algae were stearic acid, palmitic acid, and margaric acids. O. floccose and O. dentata also contain remarkable protein composition profile that compiled with considerable quantity of essential and non-essential amino acids. The vitamins such as vitamin A, B1, B2, B3, B6, B9, C, and E of O. floccose and O. dentate biomass were also identified at sufficient quantity level. The swelling capacity (SWC), water holding capacity (WHC), and oil holding capacity (OHC) properties of O. floccose and O. dentate at various temperature conditions (25 and 37 ᵒC) were found to be 8.11 & 7.02 mL g-1 and 8.95 & 7.55 mL g-1, 5.1 & 4.87 and 4.8 & 4.1 mL g-1, as well as 2.11 & 1.81 and 1.96 & 1.89 mL g-1 respectively. Among these two marine red macroalgae samples, the O. dentate showed better anti-inflammatory activity than O. floccose at 150 μg mL-1 dosage. Thus, this O. floccose and O. dentate biomass can be considerable as nutritional supplement and pharmaceutical product development related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh-Tuan Le
- Faculty of Odonto-Stomatology, College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Danang, 550000, Viet Nam.
| | - N Prabhu
- Center for Research and Innovations, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, 602 105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hesham S Almoallim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, PO Box-60169, Riyadh - 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tahani Awad Alahmadi
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Medical City, PO Box-2925, Riyadh - 11461, Saudi Arabia.
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Zhang C, Liu Y, Wang P, Wang B, Zhang S, Hua Z, Li Y, Wang X, Yang X. Effects of Se-enriched yeast on the amelioration of atrazine-induced meat quality degradation. Food Chem 2024; 454:139737. [PMID: 38795622 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Atrazine (ATR) is herbicide that causes serious harm to the environment and threatens human food safety. Se-enriched yeast is the best organic selenium source for protecting cells from damage caused by poisonous substances. To explore mechanism of ATR on meat quality degradation and potential protective effects of Se-enriched yeast on ATR-induced muscle injury, quails were treated with ATR and/or Se-enriched yeast for 28 days. The results found ATR disrupted muscle fiber structure and decreased pH, tenderness, water-holding capacity, essential amino acid content and polyunsaturated fatty acid content. ATR aggravated oxidative stress and inflammation by inhibiting Nrf2 pathway and activating NF-κB pathway, ultimately causing apoptosis. However, Se-enriched yeast alleviated ATR-induced alterations in muscle chemical and physical properties by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation. Taken together, these results revealed that ATR exposure caused meat quality degradation and Se-enriched yeast had the potential to counteract ATR-induced myotoxicity by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China; Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Poultry Products (Zhengzhou), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
| | - Peilin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
| | - Bo Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
| | - Zeao Hua
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
| | - Yanan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
| | - Xuebing Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
| | - Xu Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China; Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Poultry Products (Zhengzhou), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
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Gao X, Sharma M, Bains A, Chawla P, Goksen G, Zou J, Zhang W. Application of seed mucilage as functional biopolymer in meat product processing and preservation. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 339:122228. [PMID: 38823903 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Meat products consumption is rising globally, but concerns about sustainability, fat content, and shelf life. Synthetic additives and preservatives used for extending the shelf life of meat often carry health and environmental drawbacks. Seed mucilage, natural polysaccharides, possesses unique functional properties like water holding, emulsifying, and film forming, offering potential alternatives in meat processing and preservation. This study explores the application of seed mucilage from diverse sources (e.g., flaxseed, psyllium, basil) in various meat and meat products processing and preservation. Mucilage's water-holding and emulsifying properties can potentially bind fat and decrease the overall lipid content in meat and meat-based products. Moreover, antimicrobial and film-forming properties of mucilage can potentially inhibit microbial growth and reduce oxidation, extending the shelf life. This review emphasizes the advantages of incorporating mucilage into processing and coating strategies for meat and seafood products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Gao
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Madhu Sharma
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Aarti Bains
- Department of Microbiology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Prince Chawla
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India.
| | - Gulden Goksen
- Department of Food Technology, Vocational School of Technical Sciences at Mersin Tarsus Organized Industrial Zone, Tarsus University, 33100 Mersin, Turkey
| | - Jian Zou
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Wanli Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
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Tian B, Xu LL, Jiang LD, Lin X, Shen J, Shen H, Su KJ, Gong R, Qiu C, Luo Z, Yao JH, Wang ZQ, Xiao HM, Zhang LS, Deng HW. Identification of the serum metabolites associated with cow milk consumption in Chinese Peri-/Postmenopausal women. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2024; 75:537-549. [PMID: 38918932 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2024.2366223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Cow milk consumption (CMC) and downstream alterations of serum metabolites are commonly considered important factors regulating human health status. Foods may lead to metabolic changes directly or indirectly through remodelling gut microbiota (GM). We sought to identify the metabolic alterations in Chinese Peri-/Postmenopausal women with habitual CMC and explore if the GM mediates the CMC-metabolite associations. 346 Chinese Peri-/Postmenopausal women participants were recruited in this study. Fixed effects regression and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were applied to reveal alterations of serum metabolic features in different CMC groups. Spearman correlation coefficient was computed to detect metabolome-metagenome association. 36 CMC-associated metabolites including palmitic acid (FA(16:0)), 7alpha-hydroxy-4-cholesterin-3-one (7alphaC4), citrulline were identified by both fixed effects regression (FDR < 0.05) and PLS-DA (VIP score > 2). Some significant metabolite-GM associations were observed, including FA(16:0) with gut species Bacteroides ovatus, Bacteroides sp.D2. These findings would further prompt our understanding of the effect of cow milk on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Tian
- Center for System Biology, Data Sciences, and Reproductive Health, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lu-Lu Xu
- School of Physical Science and Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin-Dong Jiang
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Xu Lin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Shen
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Kuan-Jui Su
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Rui Gong
- Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, China
- Department of Cadre Ward Endocrinology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chuan Qiu
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Zhe Luo
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Jia-Heng Yao
- School of Physical Science and Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuo-Qi Wang
- School of Physical Science and Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Mei Xiao
- Center for System Biology, Data Sciences, and Reproductive Health, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Li-Shu Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Wen Deng
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
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Thakral V, Sudhakaran S, Jadhav H, Mahakalkar B, Sehra A, Dhar H, Kumar S, Sonah H, Sharma TR, Deshmukh R. Unveiling silicon-mediated cadmium tolerance mechanisms in mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek): Integrative insights from gene expression, antioxidant responses, and metabolomics. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 474:134671. [PMID: 38833953 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), one of the most phytotoxic heavy metals, is a major contributor to yield losses in several crops. Silicon (Si) is recognized for its vital role in mitigating Cd toxicity, however, the specific mechanisms governing this mitigation process are still not fully understood. In the present study, the effect of Si supplementation on mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) plants grown under Cd stress was investigated to unveil the intricate pathways defining Si derived stress tolerance. Non-invasive leaf imaging technique revealed improved growth, biomass, and photosynthetic efficiency in Si supplemented mungbean plants under Cd stress. Further, physiological and biochemical analysis revealed Si mediated increase in activity of glutathione reductase (GR), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and catalase (CAT) enzymes involved in reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism leading to mitigation of cellular damage and oxidative stress. Untargeted metabolomic analysis using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) provided insights into Si mediated changes in metabolites and their respective pathways under Cd stress. Alteration in five different metabolic pathways with major changes in flavanols and flavonoids biosynthesis pathway which is essential for controlling plants antioxidant defense system and oxidative stress management were observed. The information reported here about the effects of Si on photosynthetic efficiency, antioxidant responses, and metabolic changes will be helpful in understanding the Si-mediated resistance to Cd stress in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandana Thakral
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh, Haryana, India; Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India; National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Sreeja Sudhakaran
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh, Haryana, India; Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Harish Jadhav
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Badal Mahakalkar
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh, Haryana, India
| | - Anupam Sehra
- Department of Zoology, Government College, Hisar, India
| | - Hena Dhar
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biosciences, RIMT University, Mandi Gobindgarh, India
| | - Sudhir Kumar
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Humira Sonah
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh, Haryana, India.
| | - Tilak Raj Sharma
- Division of Crop Science, Indian Council of Agriculture Research (ICAR), Krishi Bhavan, New Delhi, India
| | - Rupesh Deshmukh
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh, Haryana, India.
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Baliou S, Ioannou P, Apetroaei MM, Vakonaki E, Fragkiadaki P, Kirithras E, Tzatzarakis MN, Arsene AL, Docea AO, Tsatsakis A. The Impact of the Mediterranean Diet on Telomere Biology: Implications for Disease Management-A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:2525. [PMID: 39125404 PMCID: PMC11313773 DOI: 10.3390/nu16152525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Telomeres are nucleoprotein complexes at the ends of chromosomes that are under the control of genetic and environmental triggers. Accelerated telomere shortening is causally implicated in the increasing incidence of diseases. The Mediterranean diet has recently been identified as one that confers protection against diseases. This review aimed to identify the effect of each component of the Mediterranean diet on telomere length dynamics, highlighting the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS PubMed was searched to identify relevant studies to extract data for conducting a narrative review. RESULTS The Mediterranean diet alleviates clinical manifestations in many diseases. Focusing on autoimmune diseases, the Mediterranean diet can be protective by preventing inflammation, mitochondrial malfunction, and abnormal telomerase activity. Also, each Mediterranean diet constituent seems to attenuate aging through the sustenance or elongation of telomere length, providing insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms. Polyphenols, vitamins, minerals, and fatty acids seem to be essential in telomere homeostasis, since they inhibit inflammatory responses, DNA damage, oxidative stress, mitochondrial malfunction, and cell death and induce telomerase activation. CONCLUSIONS The Mediterranean diet is beneficial for maintaining telomere dynamics and alleviating age-related illnesses. This review provides a comprehensive overview of cross-sectional, observational, and randomized controlled trials regarding the beneficial impact of every constituent in the Mediterranean diet on telomere length and chronic disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Baliou
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (S.B.); (E.V.); (P.F.); (E.K.); (M.N.T.); (A.T.)
- Lifeplus S.A., Science & Technological Park of Crete, C Building, Vassilika Vouton, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Petros Ioannou
- School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Miruna-Maria Apetroaei
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6, Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-M.A.); (A.L.A.)
| | - Elena Vakonaki
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (S.B.); (E.V.); (P.F.); (E.K.); (M.N.T.); (A.T.)
- Lifeplus S.A., Science & Technological Park of Crete, C Building, Vassilika Vouton, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Persefoni Fragkiadaki
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (S.B.); (E.V.); (P.F.); (E.K.); (M.N.T.); (A.T.)
- Lifeplus S.A., Science & Technological Park of Crete, C Building, Vassilika Vouton, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Evangelos Kirithras
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (S.B.); (E.V.); (P.F.); (E.K.); (M.N.T.); (A.T.)
- Lifeplus S.A., Science & Technological Park of Crete, C Building, Vassilika Vouton, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Manolis N. Tzatzarakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (S.B.); (E.V.); (P.F.); (E.K.); (M.N.T.); (A.T.)
| | - Andreea Letitia Arsene
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6, Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-M.A.); (A.L.A.)
| | - Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Petru Rares, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Aristides Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (S.B.); (E.V.); (P.F.); (E.K.); (M.N.T.); (A.T.)
- Lifeplus S.A., Science & Technological Park of Crete, C Building, Vassilika Vouton, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
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Bedard S, Roxborough E, O'Neill E, Mangal V. The biomolecules of Euglena gracilis: Harnessing biology for natural solutions to future problems. Protist 2024; 175:126044. [PMID: 38823247 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2024.126044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Over the past decade, the autotrophic and heterotrophic protist Euglena gracilis (E. gracilis) has gained popularity across the studies of environmental science, biosynthesis experiments, and nutritional substitutes. The unique physiology and versatile metabolism of E. gracilis have been a recent topic of interest to many researchers who continue to understand the complexity and possibilities of using E. gracilis biomolecule production. In this review, we present a comprehensive representation of recent literature outlining the various uses of biomolecules derived from E. gracilis across the fields of natural product biosynthesis, as a nutritional substitute, and as bioremediation tools. In addition, we highlight effective strategies for altering metabolite production using abiotic stressors and growth conditions. To better understand metabolite biosynthesis and its role in E. gracilis, integrated studies involving genomics, metabolomics, and proteomics should be considered. Together, we show how the ongoing advancements in E. gracilis related research continue to broaden applications in the biosynthetic sector and highlight future works that would strengthen our understanding of overall Euglena metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bedard
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University. 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catherines, Ontario L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - E Roxborough
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - E O'Neill
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - V Mangal
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University. 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catherines, Ontario L2S 3A1, Canada.
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Sun Y, Fu Z, Ma Z. The effects of acute ammonia stress on liver antioxidant, immune and metabolic responses of juvenile yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares). Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2024; 297:111707. [PMID: 39033848 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2024.111707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
The impact of acute ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) stress on the antioxidant, immune, and metabolic capabilities of the liver in juvenile yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) is not yet fully understood. This study set NH3-N concentrations at 0 (natural seawater, control group), 5, and 10 mg/L, and sampled the liver at 6, 24, and 36 h for analysis. As time progresses, NH3-N exposure leads to an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the relative expression levels of related genes, as well as the activity of immune enzymes and ATPase, decrease. The levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) exhibit different fluctuation patterns. Low concentrations of NH3-N increase the activity of catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GHS-PX) and the relative expression levels of the Na+K+-ATPase gene. The relative expression levels of the interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6r) gene show a decreasing trend. High concentrations of NH3-N decrease the activity of CAT, GSH-PX, and the relative expression levels of related genes. When the NH3-N concentration is below 5 mg/L, the stress duration should not exceed 36 h. When the NH3-N concentration is between 5 and 10 mg/L, the stress duration should not exceed 24 h, otherwise, it will have a negative impact on the liver of the juvenile yellowfin tuna. This study provides scientific data for the artificial breeding and recirculating aquaculture of juvenile yellowfin tuna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyue Sun
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization and Processing of Marine Fishery Resources of Hainan Province, Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya 572018, China; South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; Hainan Engineering Research Center for Deep-sea Aquaculture and Processing, Sanya 572018, China; International Joint Research Center for Conservation and Application of Fishery Resources in the South China Sea, Sanya 572018, China
| | - Zhengyi Fu
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization and Processing of Marine Fishery Resources of Hainan Province, Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya 572018, China; South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; Hainan Engineering Research Center for Deep-sea Aquaculture and Processing, Sanya 572018, China; International Joint Research Center for Conservation and Application of Fishery Resources in the South China Sea, Sanya 572018, China; College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide 5001, Australia
| | - Zhenhua Ma
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization and Processing of Marine Fishery Resources of Hainan Province, Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya 572018, China; South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; Hainan Engineering Research Center for Deep-sea Aquaculture and Processing, Sanya 572018, China; International Joint Research Center for Conservation and Application of Fishery Resources in the South China Sea, Sanya 572018, China; College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide 5001, Australia.
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10
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Cifuentes M, Vahid F, Devaux Y, Bohn T. Biomarkers of food intake and their relevance to metabolic syndrome. Food Funct 2024; 15:7271-7304. [PMID: 38904169 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00721b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) constitutes a prevalent risk factor associated with non communicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. A major factor impacting the etiology of MetS is diet. Dietary patterns and several individual food constituents have been related to the risk of developing MetS or have been proposed as adjuvant treatment. However, traditional methods of dietary assessment such as 24 h recalls rely greatly on intensive user-interaction and are subject to bias. Hence, more objective methods are required for unbiased dietary assessment and efficient prevention. While it is accepted that some dietary-derived constituents in blood plasma are indicators for certain dietary patterns, these may be too unstable (such as vitamin C as a marker for fruits/vegetables) or too broad (e.g. polyphenols for plant-based diets) or reflect too short-term intake only to allow for strong associations with prolonged intake of individual food groups. In the present manuscript, commonly employed biomarkers of intake including those related to specific food items (e.g. genistein for soybean or astaxanthin and EPA for fish intake) and novel emerging ones (e.g. stable isotopes for meat intake or microRNA for plant foods) are emphasized and their suitability as biomarker for food intake discussed. Promising alternatives to plasma measures (e.g. ethyl glucuronide in hair for ethanol intake) are also emphasized. As many biomarkers (i.e. secondary plant metabolites) are not limited to dietary assessment but are also capable of regulating e.g. anti-inflammatory and antioxidant pathways, special attention will be given to biomarkers presenting a double function to assess both dietary patterns and MetS risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Cifuentes
- Luxembourg Institute of Health, Department of Precision Health, Strassen, Luxembourg.
- Doctoral School in Science and Engineering, University of Luxembourg, 2, Avenue de l'Université, 4365 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Farhad Vahid
- Luxembourg Institute of Health, Department of Precision Health, Strassen, Luxembourg.
| | - Yvan Devaux
- Luxembourg Institute of Health, Department of Precision Health, Strassen, Luxembourg.
| | - Torsten Bohn
- Luxembourg Institute of Health, Department of Precision Health, Strassen, Luxembourg.
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11
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Wu B, Pan F, Wang Q, Liang Q, Qiu H, Zhou S, Zhou X. Association between blood metabolites and basal cell carcinoma risk: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1413777. [PMID: 39045268 PMCID: PMC11263015 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1413777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Circulating metabolites, which play a crucial role in our health, have been reported to be disordered in basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Despite these findings, evidence is still lacking to determine whether these metabolites directly promote or prevent BCC's progression. Therefore, our study aims to examine the potential effects of circulating metabolites on BCC progression. Material and methods We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using data from two separate genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The primary study included data for 123 blood metabolites from a GWAS with 25,000 Finnish individuals, while the secondary study had data for 249 blood metabolites from a GWAS with 114,000 UK Biobank participants.GWAS data for BCC were obtained from the UK Biobank for the primary analysis and the FinnGen consortium for the secondary analysis. Sensitivity analyses were performed to assess heterogeneity and pleiotropy. Results In the primary analysis, significant causal relationships were found between six metabolic traits and BCC with the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method after multiple testing [P < 4 × 10-4 (0.05/123)]. Four metabolic traits were discovered to be significantly linked with BCC in the secondary analysis, with a significance level of P < 2 × 10-4 (0.05/249). We found that all the significant traits are linked to Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs) and their degree of unsaturation. Conclusion Our research has revealed a direct link between the susceptibility of BCC and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and their degree of unsaturation. This discovery implies screening and prevention of BCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingliang Wu
- Department of Medical Cosmetology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - FuQiang Pan
- Department of Medical Cosmetology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - QiaoQi Wang
- Department of Health Examination Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Qian Liang
- Department of Medical Cosmetology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - HouHuang Qiu
- Department of Medical Cosmetology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - SiYuan Zhou
- Department of Medical Cosmetology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Medical Cosmetology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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12
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Hassane AMA, Eldiehy KSH, Saha D, Mohamed H, Mosa MA, Abouelela ME, Abo-Dahab NF, El-Shanawany ARA. Oleaginous fungi: a promising source of biofuels and nutraceuticals with enhanced lipid production strategies. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:338. [PMID: 38955856 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-04054-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Oleaginous fungi have attracted a great deal of interest for their potency to accumulate high amounts of lipids (more than 20% of biomass dry weight) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), which have a variety of industrial and biological applications. Lipids of plant and animal origin are related to some restrictions and thus lead to attention towards oleaginous microorganisms as reliable substitute resources. Lipids are traditionally biosynthesized intra-cellularly and involved in the building structure of a variety of cellular compartments. In oleaginous fungi, under certain conditions of elevated carbon ratio and decreased nitrogen in the growth medium, a change in metabolic pathway occurred by switching the whole central carbon metabolism to fatty acid anabolism, which subsequently resulted in high lipid accumulation. The present review illustrates the bio-lipid structure, fatty acid classes and biosynthesis within oleaginous fungi with certain key enzymes, and the advantages of oleaginous fungi over other lipid bio-sources. Qualitative and quantitative techniques for detecting the lipid accumulation capability of oleaginous microbes including visual, and analytical (convenient and non-convenient) were debated. Factors affecting lipid production, and different approaches followed to enhance the lipid content in oleaginous yeasts and fungi, including optimization, utilization of cost-effective wastes, co-culturing, as well as metabolic and genetic engineering, were discussed. A better understanding of the oleaginous fungi regarding screening, detection, and maximization of lipid content using different strategies could help to discover new potent oleaginous isolates, exploit and recycle low-cost wastes, and improve the efficiency of bio-lipids cumulation with biotechnological significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah M A Hassane
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, P.O. Box 71524, Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Khalifa S H Eldiehy
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, P.O. Box 71524, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Debanjan Saha
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, P.O. Box 784028, Assam, India
| | - Hassan Mohamed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, P.O. Box 71524, Assiut, Egypt
- Colin Ratledge Center for Microbial Lipids, School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, P.O. Box 255000, Zibo, China
| | - Mohamed A Mosa
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Nano-Materials Laboratory (NANML), Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, P.O. Box 12619, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E Abouelela
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, P.O. Box 11884, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nageh F Abo-Dahab
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, P.O. Box 71524, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Rehim A El-Shanawany
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, P.O. Box 71524, Assiut, Egypt
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13
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de Jesus Simão J, de Sousa Bispo AF, Plata VTG, Armelin-Correa LM, Alonso-Vale MIC. Fish Oil Supplementation Mitigates High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity: Exploring Epigenetic Modulation and Genes Associated with Adipose Tissue Dysfunction in Mice. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:861. [PMID: 39065712 PMCID: PMC11280081 DOI: 10.3390/ph17070861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of fish oil (FO) treatment, particularly enriched with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), on obesity induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) in mice. The investigation focused on elucidating the impact of FO on epigenetic modifications in white adipose tissue (WAT) and the involvement of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs). C57BL/6j mice were divided into two groups: control diet and HFD for 16 weeks. In the last 8 weeks, the HFD group was subdivided into HFD and HFD + FO (treated with FO). WAT was removed for RNA and protein extraction, while ASCs were isolated, cultured, and treated with leptin. All samples were analyzed using functional genomics tools, including PCR-array, RT-PCR, and Western Blot assays. Mice receiving an HFD displayed increased body mass, fat accumulation, and altered gene expression associated with WAT inflammation and dysfunction. FO supplementation attenuated these effects, a potential protective role against HFD-induced obesity. Analysis of H3K27 revealed HFD-induced changes in histone, which were partially reversed by FO treatment. This study further explored leptin signaling in ASCs, suggesting a potential mechanism for ASC dysfunction in the obesity-rich leptin environment of WAT. Overall, FO supplementation demonstrated efficacy in mitigating HFD-induced obesity, influencing epigenetic and molecular pathways, and shedding light on the role of ASCs and leptin signaling in WAT dysfunction associated with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jussara de Jesus Simão
- Post-Graduate Program in Chemical Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Chemical and Pharmaceutical, Federal University of São Paulo—UNIFESP, Diadema 09913-030, Brazil; (J.d.J.S.); (A.F.d.S.B.); (V.T.G.P.); (L.M.A.-C.)
| | - Andressa França de Sousa Bispo
- Post-Graduate Program in Chemical Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Chemical and Pharmaceutical, Federal University of São Paulo—UNIFESP, Diadema 09913-030, Brazil; (J.d.J.S.); (A.F.d.S.B.); (V.T.G.P.); (L.M.A.-C.)
| | - Victor Tadeu Gonçalves Plata
- Post-Graduate Program in Chemical Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Chemical and Pharmaceutical, Federal University of São Paulo—UNIFESP, Diadema 09913-030, Brazil; (J.d.J.S.); (A.F.d.S.B.); (V.T.G.P.); (L.M.A.-C.)
| | - Lucia Maria Armelin-Correa
- Post-Graduate Program in Chemical Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Chemical and Pharmaceutical, Federal University of São Paulo—UNIFESP, Diadema 09913-030, Brazil; (J.d.J.S.); (A.F.d.S.B.); (V.T.G.P.); (L.M.A.-C.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Chemical and Pharmaceutical, Federal University of São Paulo—UNIFESP, Diadema 09913-030, Brazil
| | - Maria Isabel Cardoso Alonso-Vale
- Post-Graduate Program in Chemical Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Chemical and Pharmaceutical, Federal University of São Paulo—UNIFESP, Diadema 09913-030, Brazil; (J.d.J.S.); (A.F.d.S.B.); (V.T.G.P.); (L.M.A.-C.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Chemical and Pharmaceutical, Federal University of São Paulo—UNIFESP, Diadema 09913-030, Brazil
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Chawla R, Fang Z. Hemp macromolecules: Crafting sustainable solutions for food and packaging innovation. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 273:132823. [PMID: 38852732 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Industrial hemp has gained increasing interests for its applications in multifaceted areas, including foods, pharmaceuticals and reinforcing materials. The high protein content of hempseeds, presence of essential fatty acids and balanced ratio of omega 6:3 fatty acids, makes hemp an ideal source of choice amongst nutritionists and food product developers. The use of hemp has also been advocated in lowering the risks of certain medical conditions. The antimicrobial and antioxidant feature of oil expands its potential in innovative packaging solutions in the form of coatings or films for shelf-life extension. Fiber from hemp hulls, herd or stalks encourages it as a reinforcement material with eco-friendly attributes. This review explores the applications of hemp in novel product development, with the highlights of its nutritional benefits and antimicrobial efficacy in food and packaging sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Chawla
- Department of Dairy Technology, College of Dairy Science and Technology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
| | - Zhongxiang Fang
- School of Agriculture, Food, and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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15
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Wang W, Xiao Y, Ding Y, Li Y, Zhu Y, Zhou X. Effect of microwave (MW)-subcritical extraction on oil recovery, oxidative stability, and lipid types from Katsuwonus pelamis livers. Food Chem X 2024; 22:101351. [PMID: 38623513 PMCID: PMC11016954 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Katsuwonus pelamis is a tuna species mostly sold for canned fillets, its livers were lack of utilization. This study thus investigated an oil production method combining microwave (MW) pretreatment and subcritical dimethyl ether (SDME) in aim to reach improved efficiency and oil quality. The heating characteristics from different MW powers (400, 600, and 800 W) were evaluated, and SEM showed MW having hydrolysis effect on matrix lipoprotein, the fortified recovery rate was also found. Under the MW-SDME condition with 600 W power, 1:5 solid-to-liquid ratio, and 100 min, the recovery reached 93.21% in maximal (SDME ∼50%). To further improve quality, MW powers was noticed affecting lipid types, fatty acid composition, and oxidative stability of produced oils. 1286 lipid types (mostly glyceride and phospholipid-type) were identified, while higher MW lowered the emulsifying phospholipids prompting phase separation. Several oxidation indexes consistently increased with the rising MW power, GC-MS suggested 400 W for higher DHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Green, Low-carbon and Efficient Development of Marine Fishery Resources, Hangzhou 310014, China
- National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing (Hangzhou), Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yuliang Xiao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Green, Low-carbon and Efficient Development of Marine Fishery Resources, Hangzhou 310014, China
- National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing (Hangzhou), Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yicheng Ding
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yihong Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Green, Low-carbon and Efficient Development of Marine Fishery Resources, Hangzhou 310014, China
- National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing (Hangzhou), Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yihua Zhu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Green, Low-carbon and Efficient Development of Marine Fishery Resources, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Xuxia Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Green, Low-carbon and Efficient Development of Marine Fishery Resources, Hangzhou 310014, China
- National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing (Hangzhou), Hangzhou 310014, China
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16
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Tamburini E. The Blue Treasure: Comprehensive Biorefinery of Blue Crab ( Callinectes sapidus). Foods 2024; 13:2018. [PMID: 38998523 PMCID: PMC11240964 DOI: 10.3390/foods13132018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The blue crab, Callinectes sapidus (Rathbun, 1896), has become an invading species in the Mediterranean region, almost completely replacing native species within a few years and causing significant loss to local production. In some areas, there is an urgent need to propose new supply chains based on blue crab exploitation, where the potential valorisation routes for unsaleable blue crab and waste play an important role. The final purpose is to transform a threat into a treasure, towards a more sustainable world. In addition to applications in food industries, the considerable quantity of bioactive compounds in by-products, such as polysaccharides, proteins, amino acids, carotenoids, and chitin, needs to be capitalised by means of efficacious strategies and appropriate management. Crab exoskeleton can also be exploited as a carbonaceous material with applications in several fields, including medicine. Blue crab bioactive molecules have been widely recognised for having antioxidant, anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. Due to these functional and distinctive activities, such high-value components could be employed in various industries such as food-feed-pharma and cosmetics. Recycling and reusing these underutilised but economically valuable waste or by-products could help to reduce the environmental impacts of the whole supply chain from the perspective of the circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Tamburini
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
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17
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Sotoudeheian M, Azarbad R, Mirahmadi SMS. Investigating the correlation between polyunsaturated fatty acids intake and non-invasive biomarkers of liver fibrosis. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 63:46-52. [PMID: 38909358 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have potentially beneficial effects on the liver tissue. Noninvasive biomarkers, including imaging techniques and blood-based biomarkers, are important tools for assessing liver fibrosis. This study aims to investigate the relationship between dietary intake of PUFAs and noninvasive biomarkers for liver fibrosis in the general population. METHODS The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-2018 (NHANES 2017-2018) datasets were used. Fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4), FIB-8, and Fatty Liver Index (FLI) were calculated for each subject. The fibrosis groups were compared based on their intake of PUFA. The correlation between each score and PUFA intake was calculated. Correlation analysis was performed. RESULTS A total of 5087 subjects (50.36% female) with a mean age of 49.37 ± 12.14 were evaluated. The mean of median liver stiffness measurement (LSM) was 5.92 ± 5.20 kPa (kPa). The mean PUFA intake was reported as 20.2 ± 13.9 gm. Fibrosis (F) grouping revealed that 190 subjects had F3, and 154 F4. HDL had a significant correlation with Docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) intake (r = -0.038, p = 0.007). Moreover, AST and ALT had a significant correlation with Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake (r = 0.033 and 0.059, p = 0.019 and < 0.001, respectively). FIB-4 and FIB-8 had no correlation with PUFA intake. FLI had a significant correlation with DPA acid (r = 0.062, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION A significant correlation between FLI, and PUFA intake suggests that increasing PUFA consumption could have a positive impact on liver health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadjavad Sotoudeheian
- Physiology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Reza Azarbad
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
| | - Seyed-Mohamad-Sadegh Mirahmadi
- Department of General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Firoozgar Clinical Research Development Center (FCRDC), Firoozgar Hospital, Tehran, Iran
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18
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Sha H, Zhu W. Employing Bidirectional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Analysis to Verify the Potential of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Levels in the Prevention of Pancreatic Cancer. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:6041-6051. [PMID: 38921031 PMCID: PMC11202278 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46060360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), specifically Omega-3 (FAω3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), have been studied for their potential role in modulating pancreatic cancer (PC) risk. Although observational studies suggest a beneficial effect in reducing this risk, their findings are often limited by confounding variables and issues of reverse causation. This study used a two-way two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) method to test the hypothesized genetic causal relationship between PUFAs and PC risk. Data from an extensive genome-wide association study (GWAS) were analyzed, focusing on FAω3 and FAω6 levels, their ratios, and DHA as variables and PC incidence as outcomes. This relationship was comprehensively evaluated using related MR methods, such as inverse variance weighting (IVW), MR Egger, and weighted median (WM). This study finds a significant negative correlation between FAω3 and DHA levels and PC risk, while FAω6 levels show no significant correlation. Interestingly, the ratio of FAω6 to FAω3 was positively associated with increased risk of PC. Neither the MR Egger nor the MR-PRESSO tests detected significant pleiotropy, nor did the Cochrane's Q test show significant heterogeneity. Leave-one-out analyzes further confirmed the robustness of these results. Using MR analysis of two samples, this study provides genetic causal evidence that FAω3 and DHA levels reduce the risk of PC, whereas the ratio of FAω6 to FAω3 increases the risk of PC. These insights highlight the potential utility of supplementing FAω3 and DHA or altering PUFAs in developing PC prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Weifeng Zhu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nangchang 330006, China;
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19
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Chen X, Shi K, Zhang Y, Song Y, Wang X, Tian X. Causal association of polyunsaturated fatty acids with biliary tract diseases: A Mendelian randomization study. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 61:37-45. [PMID: 38777457 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The evidence connecting polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) to biliary problems is still highly contested and speculative despite the fact that biliary diseases are common and PUFAs have long been studied for their potential health benefits. This work used Mendelian randomization (MR) techniques in conjunction with genome-wide association study (GWAS) data to clarify the causal relationships between PUFAs and biliary tract diseases. METHODS We compiled data on PUFAs, including Omega-3 fatty acids, Omega-6 fatty acids, and the ratio of Omega-6 to Omega-3 fatty acids (Omega-6:Omega-3), using GWAS. MR was used to examine biliary tract problems (cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, gallbladder cancer, primary biliary cholangitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, and disorders of gallbladder, biliary tract and pancreas). Single nucleotide polymorphisms significantly associated with PUFAs were selected as instrumental variables to estimate causal effects on biliary tract diseases. The final results were analyzed using five MR analysis techniques. Inverse variance weighting (IVW) was used as the primary outcome. And IVW was utilized in conjunction with the other MR analysis techniques (MR-Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode). Additionally, we evaluated heterogeneity and horizontal multiplicity using the MR-Egger intercept test and Cochrane's Q test, respectively. Finally, to increase the accuracy and precision of the study outcomes, we carried out a number of sensitivity analyses. RESULTS We found that Omega-3 fatty acids reduced the risk of cholecystitis (OR: 0.851, P = 0.009), cholelithiasis (OR: 0.787, P = 8.76e-5), and disorders of gallbladder, biliary tract and pancreas (OR: 0.842, P = 1.828e-4) but increased the primary biliary cholangitis (OR: 2.220, P = 0.004). There was no significant association between Omega-3 fatty acids and risk of gallbladder cancer (OR: 3.127, P = 0.530) and primary sclerosing cholangitis (OR: 0.919, P = 0.294). Omega-6 fatty acids were associated with a reduced risk of cholecystitis (OR: 0.845, P = 0.040). However, they were not linked to an increased or decreased risk of cholelithiasis (OR: 0.878, P = 0.14), gallbladder cancer (OR: 4.670, P = 0.515), primary sclerosing cholangitis (OR: 0.993, P = 0.962), primary cholestatic biliary cholangitis (OR: 1.404, P = 0.509), or disorders of gallbladder, biliary tract and pancreas. Omega-6:Omega-3 fatty acids were linked to a greater risk of cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, and disorders of gallbladder, biliary tract and pancreas (OR:1.168, P = 0.009, OR:1.191, P = 1.60e-6, and OR:1.160, P = 4.11e-6, respectively). But (OR: 0.315, P = 0.010) was linked to a decreased risk of primary biliary cholangitis. Not linked to risk of primary sclerosing cholangitis (OR: 1.079, P = 0.078) or gallbladder cancer (OR: 0.046, P = 0.402). According to the MR-Egger intercept, our MR examination did not appear to be impacted by any pleiotropy (all P > 0.05). Additionally, sensitivity studies validated the accuracy of the calculated causation. CONCLUSION Inconsistent causative relationships between PUFAs and biliary tract diseases were revealed in our investigation. However, Omega-3 fatty acids were found to causally lower the risk of cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, and disorders of gallbladder, biliary tract and pancreas. Omega-3 fatty acids increased the risk of primary biliary cholangitis in a causative way. Omega-3 fatty acids with the risk of gallbladder cancer and primary sclerosing cholangitis did not have any statistically significant relationships. Omega-6 fatty acids were not significantly causally connected with the risk of cholelithiasis, gallbladder cancer, primary sclerosing cholangitis, or disorders of gallbladder, biliary tract and pancreas. However, they did play a causative role in lowering the risk of cholecystitis. Omega-6:Omega-3 fatty acids decreased the risk of primary biliary cholangitis but increased the risk of cholecystitis, gallstone disease, and disorders of gallbladder, biliary tract and pancreas. They had no effect on the risk of gallbladder cancer or primary sclerosing cholangitis. Therefore, additional research should be done to examine the probable processes mediating the link between polyunsaturated fatty acids and the risk of biliary tract diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, PR China
| | - Kaijia Shi
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Cardiovascular Disease Research, the First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, PR China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, PR China
| | - Yuqi Song
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, PR China; Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261000, PR China
| | - Xueyuan Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, PR China.
| | - Xinghan Tian
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, PR China.
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Castellaneta A, Höring M, Losito I, Leoni B, Santamaria P, Calvano CD, Cataldi TRI, Matysik S, Liebisch G. Exploration of the Lipid Profile of Edible Oleaginous Microgreens by Mass Spectrometry-Based Lipidomics. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:11438-11451. [PMID: 38728027 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c09347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
The spreading awareness of the health benefits associated with the consumption of plant-based foods is fueling the market of innovative vegetable products, including microgreens, recognized as a promising source of bioactive compounds. To evaluate the potential of oleaginous plant microgreens as a source of bioactive fatty acids, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was exploited to characterize the total fatty acid content of five microgreens, namely, chia, flax, soy, sunflower, and rapeseed (canola). Chia and flax microgreens appeared as interesting sources of α-linolenic acid (ALA), with total concentrations of 2.6 and 2.9 g/100 g of dried weight (DW), respectively. Based on these amounts, approximately 15% of the ALA daily intake recommended by the European Food Safety Authority can be provided by 100 g of the corresponding fresh products. Flow injection analysis with high-resolution Fourier transform single and tandem mass spectrometry enabled a semi-quantitative profiling of triacylglycerols (TGs) and sterol esters (SEs) in the examined microgreen crops, confirming their role as additional sources of fatty acids like ALA and linoleic acid (LA), along with glycerophospholipids. The highest amounts of TGs and SEs were observed in rapeseed and sunflower microgreens (ca. 50 and 4-5 μmol/g of DW, respectively), followed by flax (ca. 20 and 3 μmol/g DW). TG 54:9, 54:8, and 54:7 prevailed in the case of flax and chia, whereas TG 54:3, 54:4, and 54:5 were the most abundant TGs in the case of rapeseed. β-Sitosteryl linoleate and linolenate were generally prevailing in the SE profiles, although campesteryl oleate, linoleate, and linolenate exhibited a comparable amount in the case of rapeseed microgreens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Castellaneta
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Marcus Höring
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Laboratoriumsmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ilario Losito
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale SMART, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Beniamino Leoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo e degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Pietro Santamaria
- Centro Interdipartimentale SMART, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo e degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Cosima Damiana Calvano
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale SMART, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Tommaso R I Cataldi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale SMART, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Silke Matysik
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Laboratoriumsmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Liebisch
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Laboratoriumsmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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21
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Liu Y, Song F, Liu M, Huang X, Xue S, Zhang X, Hao H, Zhang J. Association between omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and osteoarthritis: results from the NHANES 2003-2016 and Mendelian randomization study. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:147. [PMID: 38760818 PMCID: PMC11100232 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02139-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 PUFAs) exhibit potential as therapeutics for a variety of diseases. This observational and Mendelian randomization (MR) study aims to explore the relationship between omega-3 PUFAs and osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS Excluding individuals under 20 years old and those with missing data on relevant variables in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning from 2003 to 2016, a total of 22 834 participants were included in this cross-sectional study. Weighted multivariable-adjusted logistic regression was used to estimate the association between omega-3 PUFAs and OA in adults. Moreover, restricted cubic splines were utilized to examine the dose-response relationship between omega-3 PUFAs and OA. To further investigate the potential causal relationship between omega-3 PUFAs and OA risk, a two-sample MR study was conducted. Furthermore, the robustness of the findings was assessed using various methods. RESULTS Omega-3 PUFAs intake were inversely associated with OA in adults aged 40 ∼ 59 after multivariable adjustment [Formula: see text], with a nonlinear relationship observed between omega-3 PUFAs intake and OA [Formula: see text]. The IVW results showed there was no evidence to suggest a causal relationship between omega-3 PUFAs and OA risk [Formula: see text]. CONCLUSIONS Omega-3 PUFAs were inversely associated with OA in adults aged 40 ∼ 59. However, MR studies did not confirm a causal relationship between the two.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Liu
- School of Management, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Feichao Song
- School of Management, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Muchun Liu
- Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xi Huang
- Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Shuyan Xue
- Third Clinical College, Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, China
| | - Xuanyu Zhang
- School of Management, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Huiqin Hao
- School of Basic Medicine, Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- School of Management, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong, China.
- School of Basic Medicine, Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, China.
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22
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Basso M, Zorzan I, Johnstone N, Barberis M, Cohen Kadosh K. Diet quality and anxiety: a critical overview with focus on the gut microbiome. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1346483. [PMID: 38812941 PMCID: PMC11133642 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1346483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Anxiety disorders disproportionally affect females and are frequently comorbid with eating disorders. With the emerging field of nutritional psychiatry, focus has been put on the impact of diet quality in anxiety pathophysiology and gut microbiome underlying mechanisms. While the relationship between diet and anxiety is bidirectional, improving dietary habits could better facilitate the actions of pharmacological and psychological therapies, or prevent their use. A better understanding of how gut bacteria mediate and moderate such relationship could further contribute to develop personalized programs and inform probiotics and prebiotics manufacturing. To date, studies that look simultaneously at diet, the gut microbiome, and anxiety are missing as only pairwise relationships among them have been investigated. Therefore, this study aims at summarizing and integrating the existing knowledge on the dietary effects on anxiety with focus on gut microbiome. Findings on the effects of diet on anxiety are critically summarized and reinterpreted in relation to findings on (i) the effects of diet on the gut microbiome composition, and (ii) the associations between the abundance of certain gut bacteria and anxiety. This novel interpretation suggests a theoretical model where the relationship between diet and anxiety is mediated and/or modulated by the gut microbiome through multiple mechanisms. In parallel, this study critically evaluates methodologies employed in the nutritional field to investigate the effects of diet on anxiety highlighting a lack of systematic operationalization and assessment strategies. Therefore, it ultimately proposes a novel evidence-based approach that can enhance studies validity, reliability, systematicity, and translation to clinical and community settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Basso
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Irene Zorzan
- Molecular Systems Biology, School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
- Centre for Mathematical and Computational Biology, CMCB, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Johnstone
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Matteo Barberis
- Molecular Systems Biology, School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
- Centre for Mathematical and Computational Biology, CMCB, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
- Synthetic Systems Biology and Nuclear Organization, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Kathrin Cohen Kadosh
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
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23
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Baptista E, Liberal Â, Cardoso RVC, Fernandes Â, Dias MI, Pires TC, Calhelha RC, García PA, Ferreira IC, Barreira JC. Chemical and Bioactive Properties of Red Rice with Potential Pharmaceutical Use. Molecules 2024; 29:2265. [PMID: 38792127 PMCID: PMC11123668 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Red rice has been proposed as a super-food. Accordingly, the nutritional properties (AOAC), as well as its chemical composition, including sugars (HPLC-RI), organic acids (UFLC-PDA), tocopherols (HPLD-FD), and phenolic compounds (LC-DAD-ESI/MSn), together with the main bioactive properties (antioxidant, cytotoxic, antiproliferative, and antibacterial activities), were evaluated to access its nutritional benefits and health improvement potential. The most abundant macronutrients found were carbohydrates (87.2 g/100 g dw), proceeded by proteins (9.1 g/100 g dw), fat (2.6 g/100 g dw), and ash (1.1 g/100 g dw). Sucrose and raffinose were the only detected sugars, with sucrose presenting the maximum concentration (0.74 g/100 g dw). MUFAs and PUFAs were the predominant fatty acids (40.7% and 31%, respectively). Among the two detected tocopherol isoforms, γ-tocopherol (0.67 mg/100 g dw) predominated over α-tocopherol. The phenolic compounds profile, majorly composed of flavan-3-ols, should be associated with the detected bioactivities, which may provide biological benefits to human health beyond the primary nutritional effect. Overall, the bioactive potential of red rice was comprehensively accessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugénia Baptista
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (E.B.); (Â.L.); (R.V.C.C.); (Â.F.); (M.I.D.); (T.C.S.P.P.); (R.C.C.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca-Centro de Investigación de Enfermedades Tropicales de la Universidad de Salamanca (CIETUS-IBSAL), University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
| | - Ângela Liberal
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (E.B.); (Â.L.); (R.V.C.C.); (Â.F.); (M.I.D.); (T.C.S.P.P.); (R.C.C.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Rossana V. C. Cardoso
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (E.B.); (Â.L.); (R.V.C.C.); (Â.F.); (M.I.D.); (T.C.S.P.P.); (R.C.C.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca-Centro de Investigación de Enfermedades Tropicales de la Universidad de Salamanca (CIETUS-IBSAL), University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Ângela Fernandes
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (E.B.); (Â.L.); (R.V.C.C.); (Â.F.); (M.I.D.); (T.C.S.P.P.); (R.C.C.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Maria Inês Dias
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (E.B.); (Â.L.); (R.V.C.C.); (Â.F.); (M.I.D.); (T.C.S.P.P.); (R.C.C.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Tânia C.S.P. Pires
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (E.B.); (Â.L.); (R.V.C.C.); (Â.F.); (M.I.D.); (T.C.S.P.P.); (R.C.C.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Ricardo C. Calhelha
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (E.B.); (Â.L.); (R.V.C.C.); (Â.F.); (M.I.D.); (T.C.S.P.P.); (R.C.C.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Pablo A. García
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca-Centro de Investigación de Enfermedades Tropicales de la Universidad de Salamanca (CIETUS-IBSAL), University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
| | - Isabel C.F.R. Ferreira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (E.B.); (Â.L.); (R.V.C.C.); (Â.F.); (M.I.D.); (T.C.S.P.P.); (R.C.C.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - João C.M. Barreira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (E.B.); (Â.L.); (R.V.C.C.); (Â.F.); (M.I.D.); (T.C.S.P.P.); (R.C.C.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
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24
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Yan Z, Xu Y, Li K, Zhang W, Liu L. The relationship between dietary intake of ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids and frailty risk in middle-aged and elderly individuals: a cross-sectional study from NHANES. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1377910. [PMID: 38784137 PMCID: PMC11111862 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1377910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Frailty is a complex clinical syndrome characterized by a decline in the functioning of multiple body systems and reduced adaptability to external stressors. Dietary ω-3 fatty acids are considered beneficial dietary nutrients for preventing frailty due to their anti-inflammatory and immune-regulating properties. However, previous research has yielded conflicting results, and the association between ω-6 fatty acids, the ω-6: ω-3 ratio, and frailty remains unclear. This study aims to explore the relationship between these factors using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database. Materials and methods Specialized weighted complex survey design analysis software was employed to analyze data from the 2005-2014 NHANES, which included 12,315 participants. Multivariate logistic regression models and restricted cubic splines (RCS) were utilized to assess the relationship between omega intake and frailty risk in all participants. Additionally, a nomogram model for predicting frailty risk was developed based on risk factors. The reliability of the clinical model was determined by the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA). Results In dietary ω-3 intake, compared to the T1 group (≤1.175 g/d), the T3 group's intake level (>2.050 g/d) was associated with approximately 17% reduction in frailty risk in model 3, after rigorous covariate adjustments (odds ratio (OR) = 0.83, 95% confidence interval (CI): (0.70, 0.99)). In dietary ω-6 intake, the T2 group's intake level (>11.423, ≤19.160 g/d) was associated with a 14% reduction in frailty risk compared to the T1 group (≤11.423 g/d) (OR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.75, 1.00, p = 0.044). RCS results indicated a non-linear association between ω-3 and ω-6 intake and frailty risk. Both ROC and DCA curves demonstrated the stability of the constructed model and the effectiveness of an omega-rich diet in reducing frailty risk. However, we did not find a significant association between the ω-6: ω-3 ratio and frailty. Conclusion This study provides support for the notion that a high intake of ω-3 and a moderate intake of ω-6 may contribute to reducing frailty risk in middle-aged and elderly individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqi Yan
- Graduate School, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Yifeng Xu
- Graduate School, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Keke Li
- Graduate School, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Wenqiang Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangxi Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Liangji Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
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25
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Baky MH, El-Taher EM, Naggar DMYE, Abouelela MB. Phytochemical investigation of the n-hexane-extracted oil from four umbelliferous vegetables using GC/MS analysis in the context of antibacterial activity. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10592. [PMID: 38719900 PMCID: PMC11079057 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60631-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Umbelliferous (Apiaceae) vegetables are widely consumed worldwide for their nutritive and health benefits. The main goal of the current study is to explore the compositional heterogeneity in four dried umbelliferous vegetables viz, celery, coriander, dill, and parsley targeting their volatile profile using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 133 volatile metabolites were detected belonging to 12 classes. Aromatic hydrocarbons were detected as the major components of the analyzed vegetables accounting ca. 64.0, 62.4, 59.5, and 47.8% in parsley, dill, celery, and coriander, respectively. Aliphatic hydrocarbons were detected at ca. 6.39, 8.21, 6.16, and 6.79% in parsley, dill, celery, and coriander, respectively. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) of various health benefits were detected in parsley and represented by roughanic acid and α-linolenic acid at 4.99 and 0.47%, respectively. Myristicin and frambinone were detected only in parsley at 0.45 and 0.56%. Investigation of antibacterial activity of umbelliferous vegetables n-hexane extract revealed a moderate antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria with higher activity for celery and dill against Staphylococcus aureus with inhibition zone 20.3 mm compared to 24.3 mm of the standard antibacterial drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa H Baky
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City, 11829, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Eman M El-Taher
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City, 11829, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina M Y El Naggar
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy for Girls, Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mostafa B Abouelela
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City, 11829, Cairo, Egypt
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Jiang D, Yang M, Chen K, Jiang W, Zhang L, Ji XJ, Jiang J, Lu L. Exploiting synthetic biology platforms for enhanced biosynthesis of natural products in Yarrowia lipolytica. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 399:130614. [PMID: 38513925 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
With the rapid development of synthetic biology, researchers can design, modify, or even synthesize microorganisms de novo, and microorganisms endowed with unnatural functions can be considered "artificial life" and facilitate the development of functional products. Based on this concept, researchers can solve critical problems related to the insufficient supply of natural products, such as low yields, long production cycles, and cumbersome procedures. Due to its superior performance and unique physiological and biochemical characteristics, Yarrowia lipolytica is a favorable chassis cell used for green biomanufacturing by numerous researchers. This paper mainly reviews the development of synthetic biology techniques for Y. lipolytica and summarizes the recent research progress on the synthesis of natural products in Y. lipolytica. This review will promote the continued innovative development of Y. lipolytica by providing theoretical guidance for research on the biosynthesis of natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahai Jiang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China; Academy of Advanced Carbon Conversion Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Low-Carbon Conversion, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Manqi Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China; Academy of Advanced Carbon Conversion Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Low-Carbon Conversion, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China; Academy of Advanced Carbon Conversion Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Low-Carbon Conversion, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxuan Jiang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China; Academy of Advanced Carbon Conversion Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Low-Carbon Conversion, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangliang Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China; Academy of Advanced Carbon Conversion Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Low-Carbon Conversion, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Jun Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianchun Jiang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China; Academy of Advanced Carbon Conversion Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Low-Carbon Conversion, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China; Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF, Nanjing 210042, People's Republic of China
| | - Liming Lu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China; Academy of Advanced Carbon Conversion Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Low-Carbon Conversion, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China.
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Okumura M, Sato T, Takahashi J, Kokubu T, Nakada R, Kitagawa T, Tanabe M, Takatsu H, Onda A, Komatsu T, Sakuta K, Sakai K, Umehara T, Mitsumura H, Iguchi Y. Small ischemic lesions accompanying intracerebral hemorrhage: The underlying influence of old lacunes and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:1157-1165. [PMID: 38331645 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Small ischemic lesions (SILs) accompanying intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) might be induced by small-vessel vulnerability and hypercoagulation. Some polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been associated with hypercoagulation in cardiovascular diseases. Our aim here is to determine how pre-existing small-vessel disease (SVD) and PUFAs may affect SILs. METHODS AND RESULTS We screened consecutive ICH patients (October 2012-December 2021) meeting two inclusion criteria: (1) the patients were hospitalized for acute ICH and were undergoing magnetic resonance imaging and (2) the patients' PUFA measurements were available. After excluding patients with isolated intraventricular hemorrhage, we evaluated whether three SVD markers (white matter hyperintensities, old lacunes, cerebral microbleeds) and PUFAs might be associated with the development of SILs. We selected 319 participants from 377 screened consecutive ICH patients (median age = 64, males = 207 [65 %]). Of the 319 patients, 45 patients (14 %) developed SILs. In a multivariable logistic regression analysis, the factors associated with SILs were old lacunes (OR 3.255, 95 % CI 1.101-9.622, p = 0.033) and DHA/AA ratio (OR 0.180, 95 % CI 0.046-0.704, p = 0.013). Furthermore, in our multivariable analysis using DHA/AA ratio tertiles with and without SILs, we observed a linear trend between SILs and the Higher Tertile of the DHA/AA ratio (DHA/AA ratio Mid-Tertile: OR 1.330, 95%CI 0.557-3.177, p = 0.521, and DHA/AA ratio Lower Tertile: OR 2.632, 95%CI 1.124-6.162, p = 0.026). CONCLUSION The presence of old lacunes and lower DHA/AA ratios might be associated with SILs accompanying ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motohiro Okumura
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeo Sato
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Junichiro Takahashi
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsushi Kokubu
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryoji Nakada
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomomichi Kitagawa
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maki Tanabe
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Takatsu
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Asako Onda
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Teppei Komatsu
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichi Sakuta
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Sakai
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tadashi Umehara
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Mitsumura
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Iguchi
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Klińska-Bąchor S, Demski K, Gong Y, Banaś A. Metabolic engineering of omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in plants using different ∆6- and ∆5-desaturases co-expressed with LPCAT from the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9512. [PMID: 38664593 PMCID: PMC11045822 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60141-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Continuous research on obtaining an even more efficient production of very long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLC-PUFAs) in plants remains one of the main challenges of scientists working on plant lipids. Since crops are not able to produce these fatty acids due to the lack of necessary enzymes, genes encoding them must be introduced exogenously from native organisms producing VLC-PUFAs. In this study we reported, in tobacco leaves, the characterization of three distinct ∆6-desaturases from diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum, fungi Rhizopus stolonifer and microalge Osterococcus tauri and two different ∆5-desaturases from P. tricornutum and single-celled saprotrophic eukaryotes Thraustochytrium sp. The in planta agroinfiltration of essential ∆6-desaturases, ∆6-elongases and ∆5-desaturases allowed for successful introduction of eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5∆5,8,11,14,17) biosynthesis pathway. However, despite the desired, targeted production of ω3-fatty acids we detected the presence of ω6-fatty acids, indicating and confirming previous results that all tested desaturases are not specifically restricted to neither ω3- nor ω6-pathway. Nevertheless, the additional co-expression of acyl-CoA:lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase (LPCAT) from Phaeodactylum tricornutum boosted the proportion of ω3-fatty acids in newly synthesized fatty acid pools. For the most promising genes combinations the EPA content reached at maximum 1.4% of total lipid content and 4.5% of all fatty acids accumulated in the TAG pool. Our results for the first time describe the role of LPCAT enzyme and its effectiveness in alleviating a bottleneck called 'substrate dichotomy' for improving the transgenic production of VLC-PUFAs in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Klińska-Bąchor
- Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, ul Abrahama 58, 80-307, Gdańsk, Poland.
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 190, 23422, Lomma, Sweden.
| | - Kamil Demski
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 190, 23422, Lomma, Sweden
| | - Yangmin Gong
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Antoni Banaś
- Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, ul Abrahama 58, 80-307, Gdańsk, Poland
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Klińska-Bąchor S, Demski K, Gong Y, Banaś A. Biochemical characterization of acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase2 from the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum and its potential effect on LC-PUFAs biosynthesis in planta. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:309. [PMID: 38649801 PMCID: PMC11036593 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05014-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), belonging to ω-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω3-LC-PUFAs), are essential components of human diet. They are mainly supplemented by marine fish consumption, although their native producers are oleaginous microalgae. Currently, increasing demand for fish oils is insufficient to meet the entire global needs, which puts pressure on searching for the alternative solutions. One possibility may be metabolic engineering of plants with an introduced enzymatic pathway producing ω3-LC-PUFAs. RESULT In this study we focused on the acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase2b (PtDGAT2b) from the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum, an enzyme responsible for triacylglycerol (TAG) biosynthesis via acyl-CoA-dependent pathway. Gene encoding PtDGAT2b, incorporated into TAG-deficient yeast strain H1246, was used to confirm its activity and conduct biochemical characterization. PtDGAT2b exhibited a broad acyl-CoA preference with both di-16:0-DAG and di-18:1-DAG, whereas di-18:1-DAG was favored. The highest preference for acyl donors was observed for 16:1-, 10:0- and 12:0-CoA. PtDGAT2b also very efficiently utilized CoA-conjugated ω-3 LC-PUFAs (stearidonic acid, eicosatetraenoic acid and EPA). Additionally, verification of the potential role of PtDGAT2b in planta, through its transient expression in tobacco leaves, indicated increased TAG production with its relative amount increasing to 8%. Its co-expression with the gene combinations aimed at EPA biosynthesis led to, beside elevated TAG accumulation, efficient accumulation of EPA which constituted even 25.1% of synthesized non-native fatty acids (9.2% of all fatty acids in TAG pool). CONCLUSIONS This set of experiments provides a comprehensive biochemical characterization of DGAT enzyme from marine microalgae. Additionally, this study elucidates that PtDGAT2b can be used successfully in metabolic engineering of plants designed to obtain a boosted TAG level, enriched not only in ω-3 LC-PUFAs but also in medium-chain and ω-7 fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Klińska-Bąchor
- Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland.
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden.
| | - Kamil Demski
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Yangmin Gong
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Antoni Banaś
- Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
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30
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Mostashari P, Mousavi Khaneghah A. Sesame Seeds: A Nutrient-Rich Superfood. Foods 2024; 13:1153. [PMID: 38672826 PMCID: PMC11049391 DOI: 10.3390/foods13081153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Sesame seeds (Sesamum indicum L.) have been cultivated for thousands of years and have long been celebrated for their culinary versatility. Beyond their delightful nutty flavor and crunchy texture, sesame seeds have also gained recognition for their remarkable health benefits. This article provides an in-depth exploration of the numerous ways in which sesame seeds contribute to overall well-being. Sesame seeds are a powerhouse of phytochemicals, including lignans derivatives, tocopherol isomers, phytosterols, and phytates, which have been associated with various health benefits, including the preservation of cardiovascular health and the prevention of cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and brain dysfunction. These compounds have also been substantiated for their efficacy in cholesterol management. Their potential as a natural source of beneficial plant compounds is presented in detail. The article further explores the positive impact of sesame seeds on reducing the risk of chronic diseases thanks to their rich polyunsaturated fatty acids content. Nevertheless, it is crucial to remember the significance of maintaining a well-rounded diet to achieve the proper balance of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, a balance lacking in sesame seed oil. The significance of bioactive polypeptides derived from sesame seeds is also discussed, shedding light on their applications as nutritional supplements, nutraceuticals, and functional ingredients. Recognizing the pivotal role of processing methods on sesame seeds, this review discusses how these methods can influence bioactive compounds. While roasting the seeds enhances the antioxidant properties of the oil extract, certain processing techniques may reduce phenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Mostashari
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1981619573, Iran;
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1941933111, Iran
| | - Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
- Faculty of Biotechnologies (BioTech), ITMO University, 9 Lomonosova Street, Saint Petersburg 191002, Russia
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31
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Smolińska K, Szopa A, Sobczyński J, Serefko A, Dobrowolski P. Nutritional Quality Implications: Exploring the Impact of a Fatty Acid-Rich Diet on Central Nervous System Development. Nutrients 2024; 16:1093. [PMID: 38613126 PMCID: PMC11013435 DOI: 10.3390/nu16071093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Given the comprehensive examination of the role of fatty acid-rich diets in central nervous system development in children, this study bridges significant gaps in the understanding of dietary effects on neurodevelopment. It delves into the essential functions of fatty acids in neurodevelopment, including their contributions to neuronal membrane formation, neuroinflammatory modulation, neurogenesis, and synaptic plasticity. Despite the acknowledged importance of these nutrients, this review reveals a lack of comprehensive synthesis in current research, particularly regarding the broader spectrum of fatty acids and their optimal levels throughout childhood. By consolidating the existing knowledge and highlighting critical research gaps, such as the effects of fatty acid metabolism on neurodevelopmental disorders and the need for age-specific dietary guidelines, this study sets a foundation for future studies. This underscores the potential of nutritional strategies to significantly influence neurodevelopmental trajectories, advocating an enriched academic and clinical understanding that can inform dietary recommendations and interventions aimed at optimizing neurological health from infancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Smolińska
- Chronic Wounds Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki St. 7, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Aleksandra Szopa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Care, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki St. 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.S.); (J.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Jan Sobczyński
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Care, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki St. 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.S.); (J.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Anna Serefko
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Care, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki St. 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.S.); (J.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Piotr Dobrowolski
- Department of Functional Anatomy and Cytobiology, Maria Curie Sklodowska University, Akademicka St. 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
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Fort A, Monteiro JP, Simon C, Rosário Domingues M, Sulpice R. Short term decreases in salinity, combined with the right choice of species, can allow for a more nutritious sea lettuce lipid profile. Food Chem 2024; 437:137865. [PMID: 37918163 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
The sea lettuce Ulva spp is becoming an increasingly important macroalgae for aquaculture. Sea lettuce can be grown on- and off-shore, displays high growth rates, and its biomass possesses attractive nutritional benefits. Among those are their fatty acids (FA) and lipid profiles, rich in omega 3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs) as well as bioactive lipids. In order to tailor those properties for food applications, we explored the use of a short-term (seven days) low salinity treatment to modulate the lipid profile of two species of Ulva. We found large quantitative differences between species, and while a low-salinity treatment negatively affected growth, Ulva australis' lipid profile was positively impacted. Total FA particularly ɷ-3 PUFAs, increased three-fold, as well as most polar lipid species including known bioactive compounds. This study highlights profound differences between species and describes a simple method to increase the nutritional properties of Ulva biomass for food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Fort
- Dept. of Bioveterinary and Microbial Sciences, Technological University of The Shannon: Midlands, Athlone, Co. Roscommon, Ireland; Plant Systems Biology Lab, Ryan Institute & MaREI Centre for Marine, Climate and Energy, School of Biological & Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.
| | - João P Monteiro
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Clara Simon
- Plant Systems Biology Lab, Ryan Institute & MaREI Centre for Marine, Climate and Energy, School of Biological & Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - M Rosário Domingues
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ronan Sulpice
- Plant Systems Biology Lab, Ryan Institute & MaREI Centre for Marine, Climate and Energy, School of Biological & Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
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Xia J, He X, Yang W, Song H, Yang J, Zhang G, Yang Z, Chen H, Liang Z, Kollie L, Abozeid A, Zhang X, Li Z, Yang D. Unveiling the distribution of chemical constituents at different body parts and maturity stages of Ganoderma lingzhi by combining metabolomics with desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging (DESI). Food Chem 2024; 436:137737. [PMID: 37857205 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Ganoderma lingzhi is an important medicinal fungus, which is widely used as dietary supplement and for pharmaceutical industries. However, the spatial distribution and dynamic accumulation pattern of active components such as ganoderic acids (GAs) among different parts of G. lingzhi fruiting body are still unclear. In this study, desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging (DESI-MSI) with untargeted metabolomics analysis was applied to investigate the metabolites distribution within G. lingzhi fruiting body at four different maturity stages (squaring, opening, maturation and harvesting stage). A total of 132 metabolites were characterized from G. lingzhi, including 115 triterpenoids, 11 fatty acids and other component. Most of the GAs content in the cap was significantly higher than that in the stipe, with six components such as ganoderic acid B being extremely significant. GAs in the cap was mainly present in the bottom edge of the mediostratum layer, such as ganoderic A-I and ganoderic GS-1, while in the stipe, they were mainly distributed in the shell layer and the context layer, such as ganoderic A-F. Most ganoderic acids content in both the stipe and the cap of G. lingzhi was gradually decreased with the development of G. lingzhi. The GAs in the stipe was gradually transferred from the shell layer to the content layer, while the distribution of GAs among different tissues of the cap was not significantly changed. In addition, linoleic acid, 9-HODE, 9-KODE and other fatty acids were mainly accumulated in the opening and maturing stage of the caps. This study further clarifies the spatial dynamic distribution of GAs in G. lingzhi fruiting body at four different maturity stages (squaring, opening, maturation and harvesting stage), which provides a basis for the rational utilization of the medicinal parts of G. lingzhi. Furthermore, mass spectrometry imaging combined with non-target metabolome analysis provides a powerful tool for the spatial distribution of active substances in the different regions of the medicinal edible fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xia
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyu He
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wan Yang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongyan Song
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jihong Yang
- Zhejiang Shouxiangu Botanical Drug Institute Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guoliang Zhang
- Zhejiang Shouxiangu Botanical Drug Institute Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zongqi Yang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haimin Chen
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zongsuo Liang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China; Shaoxing Academy of Biomedicne Co., Ltd of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for the Development Technology of Medicinal and Edible Health Food, Shaoxing, China
| | - Larwubah Kollie
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ann Abozeid
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China; Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin Elkoom, Egypt
| | - Xiaodan Zhang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Zhenhao Li
- Zhejiang Shouxiangu Botanical Drug Institute Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Dongfeng Yang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China; Shaoxing Academy of Biomedicne Co., Ltd of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for the Development Technology of Medicinal and Edible Health Food, Shaoxing, China.
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Quaresma MAG, Dos Santos FA, Roseiro LC, Ribeiro AP, Ferreira JD, Alves SP, Bessa RJB. Nutritional value of meat lipid fraction obtained from mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos) reared in semiextensive conditions for hunting purposes. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103290. [PMID: 38100942 PMCID: PMC10762460 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The mallard duck or wild duck (Anas platyrhynchos) is the world's most widespread and numerous dabbling duck, being traditionally hunted across many countries in Europe and North America. This study aims to provide a detailed characterization of mallard duck's meat lipid fraction obtained from farmed specimens, reared for hunting purposes, under semiextensive conditions. The mallard's duck meat total lipid content averaged 2.0 and 4.26 g/100 g of fresh meat in breast and leg meat portions, and its meat comprised 23 individual fatty acids (FA) and 3 dimethylacetals (DMA), independently of the sex or meat portion. The oleic (C18:1 cis-9), palmitic (C16:0), stearic (C18:0), linoleic (C18:2n-6), arachidonic (C20:4n-6), palmitoleic (C16:1 cis-9), and cis-vaccenic (C18:1 cis-11) acids were the predominant FA (representing >1% of total fatty acids in both breast and leg meat portions and independently of the sex), and together, these 7 fatty acids were accountable for 92.4 to 96.5% of total FA plus DMA in mallard duck meat. The monounsaturated, saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids were accountable for 40.4, 35.0, and 21.0% of total FA plus DMA in breast and 54.6, 38.7, and 5.7% of total fatty acids in leg, while total DMA were liable for 3.6 and 0.9% of total FA plus DMA in breast and leg, respectively. The mallard duck meat total cholesterol content averaged 49.8 and 57.1 mg/100 g of fresh meat for breast and leg meat portions. Five tocochromanols were quantified in mallard duck meat, affording it with a total vitamin E content of 5.48 and 3.63 µg/g of fresh meat in breast and leg portions. The sex had no influence (P > 0.05) on mallard's duck meat lipid composition, but meat portion had a strong influence on mallard's duck meat lipid composition, influencing total lipid, total cholesterol, total vitamin E contents, FA partial sums, FA ratios (exception made for the n-6/n-3 ratio), and all nutritional lipid indices. The breast meat presented lower total lipid and total cholesterol contents, better FA ratios and nutritional quality indices and higher vitamin E content, being regarded as a healthier meat than leg. The study presented herein shows that mallard duck production in semiextensive conditions, similar to those used herein, could be used for the production of mallard duck beyond hunting. A production of duck's meat under natural or organic production practices, oriented to a market niche within the gourmet/organic markets.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A G Quaresma
- CIISA - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal; AL4AnimalS - Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - F Abade Dos Santos
- CIISA - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal; AL4AnimalS - Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lisboa, Portugal; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - L C Roseiro
- Food Technology and Safety Division, National Institute for Agricultural and Veterinary Research (INIAV, IP), 2780-159 Oeiras, Portugal; GeoBioTec - Geobiosciences, Geoengineering e Geobiotechnologies, NOVA School of Science and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - A P Ribeiro
- CIISA - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - J D Ferreira
- CIISA - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - S P Alves
- CIISA - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal; AL4AnimalS - Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - R J B Bessa
- CIISA - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal; AL4AnimalS - Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lisboa, Portugal
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Kim OY, Song J. Important roles of linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid in regulating cognitive impairment and neuropsychiatric issues in metabolic-related dementia. Life Sci 2024; 337:122356. [PMID: 38123015 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS), which is characterized by insulin resistance, high blood glucose, obesity, and dyslipidemia, is known to increase the risk of dementia accompanied by memory loss and depression. The direct pathways and specific mechanisms in the central nervous system (CNS) for addressing fatty acid imbalances in MetS have not yet been fully elucidated. Among polyunsaturated acids, linoleic acid (LA, n6-PUFA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA, n3-PUFA), which are two essential fatty acids that should be provided by food sources (e.g., vegetable oils and seeds), have been reported to regulate various cellular mechanisms including apoptosis, inflammatory responses, mitochondrial biogenesis, and insulin signaling. Furthermore, inadequate intake of LA and ALA is reported to be involved in neuropathology and neuropsychiatric diseases as well as imbalanced metabolic conditions. Herein, we review the roles of LA and ALA on metabolic-related dementia focusing on insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, synaptic plasticity, cognitive function, and neuropsychiatric issues. This review suggests that LA and ALA are important fatty acids for concurrent treatment of both MetS and neurological problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oh Yoen Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dong A University, Busan, Republic of Korea; Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
| | - Juhyun Song
- Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Chaiyana W, Inthorn J, Somwongin S, Anantaworasakul P, Sopharadee S, Yanpanya P, Konaka M, Wongwilai W, Dhumtanom P, Juntrapirom S, Kanjanakawinkul W. The Fatty Acid Compositions, Irritation Properties, and Potential Applications of Teleogryllus mitratus Oil in Nanoemulsion Development. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:184. [PMID: 38251148 PMCID: PMC10818487 DOI: 10.3390/nano14020184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to characterize and investigate the potential of the oils from Gryllus bimaculatus, Teleogryllus mitratus, and Acheta domesticus to be used in nanoemulsions. The oils were extracted by a cold press method and characterized for their fatty acid profiles. Their irritation effects on the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) were evaluated, along with investigations of solubility and the required hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (RHLB). Various parameters impacting nanoemulsion generation using high-pressure homogenization were investigated. The findings revealed that G. bimaculatus yielded the highest oil content (24.58% w/w), followed by T. mitratus (20.96% w/w) and A. domesticus (15.46% w/w). Their major fatty acids were palmitic, oleic, and linoleic acids. All oils showed no irritation, suggesting safety for topical use. The RHLB values of each oil were around six-seven. However, they could be successfully developed into nanoemulsions using various surfactants. All cricket oils could be used for the nanoemulsion preparation, but T. mitratus yielded the smallest internal droplet size with acceptable PDI and zeta potential. Nanoemulsion was found to significantly enhance the antioxidant and anti-skin wrinkle of the T. mitratus oil. These findings pointed to the possible use of cricket oils in nanoemulsions, which could be used in various applications, including topical and cosmetic formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wantida Chaiyana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (J.I.); (S.S.); (P.A.); (S.S.)
- Center of Excellence in Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Multidisciplinary and Interdisciplinary School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Jirasit Inthorn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (J.I.); (S.S.); (P.A.); (S.S.)
| | - Suvimol Somwongin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (J.I.); (S.S.); (P.A.); (S.S.)
| | - Pimporn Anantaworasakul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (J.I.); (S.S.); (P.A.); (S.S.)
- Center of Excellence in Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Sawat Sopharadee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (J.I.); (S.S.); (P.A.); (S.S.)
| | - Pornnapat Yanpanya
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Burapha University, Chon Buri 20131, Thailand; (P.Y.); (M.K.)
| | - Marina Konaka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Burapha University, Chon Buri 20131, Thailand; (P.Y.); (M.K.)
| | - Wasin Wongwilai
- Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Research Unit, Multidisciplinary Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Pongsathorn Dhumtanom
- Herbs and Functional Products Research Unit, Multidisciplinary Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Saranya Juntrapirom
- Chulabhorn Royal Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Facilities by Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Chon Buri 20180, Thailand; (S.J.); (W.K.)
| | - Watchara Kanjanakawinkul
- Chulabhorn Royal Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Facilities by Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Chon Buri 20180, Thailand; (S.J.); (W.K.)
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Hu X, Wang M, Cai F, Liu L, Cheng Z, Zhao J, Zhang Q, Long C. A comprehensive review of medicinal Toxicodendron (Anacardiaceae): Botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:116829. [PMID: 37429501 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Comprising of about 30 species, the genus Toxicodendron (Anacardiaceae) are mainly distributed in East Asia and North America. Among them, 13 species have been traditionally used as folk medicines in Asia and other parts of the world to treat blood diseases, abnormal bleeding, skin diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, liver diseases, bone injury, lung diseases, neurological diseases, cardiovascular diseases, tonic, cancer, eye diseases, menstrual irregularities, inflammation, rheumatism, diabetes mellitus, rattlesnake bite, internal parasites, contraceptive, vomiting and diarrhea. AIM OF THE STUDY To date, no comprehensive review on Toxicodendron has been published and the scientific basis of the traditional medicinal benefits of Toxicodendron have been less reported. Therefore, this review aims to provide a reference for further research and development on medicinal purpose of Toxicodendron by summarizing the works (from 1980 to 2023), and focusing on its botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology. MATERIALS AND METHODS The names of the species were from The Plant List Database (http://www.theplantlist.org), World Flora Online (http://www.worldfloraonline.org), Catalogue of Life Database (https://www.catalogueoflife.org/) and Plants for A Future Database (https://pfaf.org/user/Default.aspx). And the search terms "Toxicodendron" and "the names of 31 species and their synonyms" were used to search for information from electronic databases such as Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, Science Direct, PubMed, Baidu Scholar, Springer, and Wiley Online Library. Moreover, PhD and MSc dissertations were also used to support this work. RESULTS These species on Toxicodendron are widely used in folkloric medicine and modern pharmacological activities. So far, approximately 238 compounds, mainly phenolic acids and their derivatives, urushiols, flavonoids and terpenoids, are extracted and isolated from Toxicodendron plants, commonly, T. trichocarpum, T. vernicifluum, T. succedaneum, and T. radicans. Among them, phenolic acids and flavonoids are the main compound classes that show pharmacological activities in Toxicodendron plants both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the extracts and single compounds of these species show a wide range of activities, such as antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, liver protection, fat reduction, nerve protection, and treatment of blood diseases. CONCLUSIONS Selected species of Toxicodendron have been used as herbal medicines in the Southeast Asian for a long time. Furthermore, some bioactive constituents have been identified from them, so plants in this genus may be potential new drugs. The existing research on Toxicodendron has been reviewed, and the phytochemistry and pharmacology provide theoretical basis for some of the traditional medicinal uses. Therefore, in this review, the traditional medicinal, phytochemical and modern pharmacology of Toxicodendron plants are summarized to help future researchers to find new drug leads or to get a better understanding of structure-activity relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Hu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China; College of Ethnology and Sociology, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China; College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Miaomiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China; College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Fei Cai
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China; College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Liya Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China; College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhuo Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China; College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China; College of Ethnology and Sociology, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China; College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Chunlin Long
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China; College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100081, China; Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Metabolomics (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China; Institute of National Security Studies, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Li J, Huang N, Zhang X, Peng J, Huang Q. Positive association between omega-3/6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: a mendelian randomization study. Front Genet 2023; 14:1269494. [PMID: 38174046 PMCID: PMC10762850 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1269494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a common disease among the elderly, which brings great harm to the health of patients and imposes a huge economic burden on the healthcare system. Research has shown that it is possible to prevent iNPH through nutritional and dietary interventions. Intake of omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can reduce the risk of many diseases. In this study, we aimed to explore the association between omega-3/6 PUFAs and iNPH. Methods: We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study using summary data from publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to evaluate the potential impact of omega-3 and omega-6 PUFAs on the risk of iNPH in European populations. Inverse variance weighting was used as the main method for MR analysis, with Wald ratio, weighted median, MR-Egger, simple mode, and weighted mode as supplementary methods. In addition, we performed a series of instrument variable strength evaluations and sensitivity analyses to test the reliability of the study results. Finally, we also conducted a linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) analysis to assess the genetic correlation and distinguish between causal associations and shared genetic variants between PUFAs and iNPH. Results: One SD increase in genetically predicted levels of total omega-3 PUFAs (OR: 0.748; 95% CI: 0.597-0.937; p = 0.012; IVW), DHA (OR: 0.709; 95% CI: 0.532-0.945; p = 0.019; IVW), ALA (OR: 0.001; 95% CI: 1.17E-06-0.423; p = 0.026; Wald ratio), and DHA (OR: 0.709; 95% CI: 0.532-0.945; p = 0.019; IVW) were associated with a reduced iNPH risk. LDSC did not reveal any significant genetic correlations. Conclusion: Higher genetically predicted levels of total omega-3 PUFAs, ALA, DHA, and DPA are associated with a reduced risk of iNPH. These findings have important implications for preventing iNPH and future nutritional guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Qin Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Tavera-Hernández R, Jiménez-Estrada M, Alvarado-Sansininea JJ, Huerta-Reyes M. Chia ( Salvia hispanica L.), a Pre-Hispanic Food in the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus: Hypoglycemic, Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Inhibitory Properties of α-Glucosidase and α-Amylase, and in the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease. Molecules 2023; 28:8069. [PMID: 38138560 PMCID: PMC10745661 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28248069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is considered one of the major health diseases worldwide, one that requires immediate alternatives to allow treatments for DM to be more effective and less costly for patients and also for health-care systems. Recent approaches propose treatments for DM based on that; in addition to focusing on reducing hyperglycemia, they also consider multitargets, as in the case of plants. Among these, we find the plant known as chia to be highlighted, a crop native to Mexico and one cultivated in Mesoamerica from pre-Hispanic times. The present work contributes to the review of the antidiabetic effects of chia for the treatment of DM. The antidiabetic effects of chia are effective in different mechanisms involved in the complex pathogenesis of DM, including hypoglycemic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory mechanisms, and the inhibition of the enzymes α-glucosidase and α-amylase, as well as in the prevention of the risk of cardiovascular disease. The tests reviewed included 16 in vivo assays on rodent models, 13 clinical trials, and 4 in vitro tests. Furthermore, chia represents advantages over other natural products due to its availability and its acceptance and, in addition, as a component of the daily diet worldwide, especially due to its omega-3 fatty acids and its high concentration of dietary fiber. Thus, chia in the present work represents a source of antidiabetic agents that would perhaps be useful in novel clinical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Tavera-Hernández
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (R.T.-H.); (M.J.-E.)
| | - Manuel Jiménez-Estrada
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (R.T.-H.); (M.J.-E.)
| | - J. Javier Alvarado-Sansininea
- Herbario FEZA, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Batalla de 5 de mayo S/N, Col. Ejército de Oriente, Ciudad de México 09230, Mexico;
| | - Maira Huerta-Reyes
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Nefrológicas, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Cuauhtémoc, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico
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Salgado VDSCN, Zago L, Fonseca END, Calderari MRDCM, Citelli M, Miyahira RF. Chemical Composition, Fatty Acid Profile, Phenolic Compounds, and Antioxidant Activity of Raw and Germinated Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) Seeds. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 78:735-741. [PMID: 37856036 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-023-01115-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
The consumption of chia seeds has become popular due to their beneficial health properties and the germination of chia seeds seems to further enhance these properties. This study aimed to evaluate the changes in the nutritional composition of chia seeds after germination for 3 and 6 days. Chemical composition, fatty acid profile, phenolic content and antioxidant capacity were determined. The indices of lipid quality, atherogenicity, thrombogenicity, and the n-6/n-3 ratio were calculated. Chia sprouts presented a significant increase in minerals, proteins, and a reduction in total lipid content with maintenance of lipid quality. Total phenolic content decreased significantly as germination time increased, but there was a significant increase in the amount of rosmarinic acid. Chia sprouts showed a significant increase in antioxidant potential when compared to raw chia seeds. As a conclusion, the results of this study demonstrated that chia seed germination is a simple, economical, and short-term process capable of improving the nutritional composition of the seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lilia Zago
- Institute of Nutrition, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Nunes da Fonseca
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Marta Citelli
- Institute of Nutrition, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Lakshimi VI, Kavitha M. New Insights into Prospective Health Potential of ω-3 PUFAs. Curr Nutr Rep 2023; 12:813-829. [PMID: 37996669 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-023-00508-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid are the two essential long-chain ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) promoting human health which are obtained from diet or supplementation. The eicosanoids derived from ω-6 and ω-3 PUFAs have opposite characteristics of pro- and anti-inflammatory activities. The proinflammatory effects of ω-6 PUFAs are behind the pathology of the adverse health conditions of PUFA metabolism like cardiovascular diseases, neurological disorders, and inflammatory diseases. A balanced ω-6 to ω-3 ratio of 1-4:1 is critical to prevent the associated disorders. But due to modern agricultural practices, there is a disastrous shift in this ratio to 10-20:1. This review primarily aims to discuss the myriad health potentials of ω-3 PUFAs uncovered through recent research. It further manifests the importance of maintaining a balanced ω-6 to ω-3 PUFA ratio. RECENT FINDINGS ω-3 PUFAs exhibit protective effects against diabetes mellitus-associated complications including diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, and proteinuria. COVID-19 is also not an exception to the health benefits of ω-3 PUFAs. Supplementation of ω-3 PUFAs improved the respiratory and clinical symptoms in COVID-19 patients. ω-3 PUFAs exhibit a variety of health benefits including anti-inflammatory property and antimicrobial property and are effective in protecting against various health conditions like atherosclerosis, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, COVID-19, and neurological disorders. In the present review, various health potentials of ω-3 PUFAs are extensively reviewed and summarized. Further, the importance of a balanced ω-6 to ω-3 PUFA ratio has been emphasized besides stating the diverse sources of ω-3 PUFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Iswareya Lakshimi
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Kavitha
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Liang H, Xiong C, Luo Y, Zhang J, Huang Y, Zhao R, Zhou N, Zhao Z, Luo X. Association between serum polyunsaturated fatty acids and bone mineral density in US adults: NHANES 2011-2014. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1266329. [PMID: 38047106 PMCID: PMC10690584 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1266329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between serum polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and bone mineral density (BMD). Methods We performed a cross-sectional study based on data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014. The weighted multiple linear regression model was utilized to determine the association between serum PUFAs and BMD. Further smoothed curve fitting and threshold effect analysis were conducted. Finally, we performed a subgroup analysis. Results In total, 1979 participants aged 20-59 years were enrolled. After adjusting for all covariates, we found that serum docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) was positively associated with head BMD (β = 0.0015, 95% Cl: 0.0004, 0.0026, P = 0.008296) and lumbar spine BMD (β = 0.0005, 95% Cl: 0.0000, 0.0010, P = 0.036093), and serum eicosadienoic acid (EDA) was negatively associated with thoracic spine BMD (β = -0.0008, 95% Cl: -0.0016, -0.0000, P = 0.045355). Smoothed curve fitting revealed a nonlinear positive association between serum DPA and lumbar spine BMD. Threshold effect analysis indicated that the threshold of serum DPA was 81.4 µmol/L. Subgroup analysis revealed a positive correlation between serum DPA and head BMD in the subgroup aged 50-59 years (β = 0.0025, 95% Cl: 0.0002, 0.0049, P = 0.035249) and females (β = 0.0026, 95% Cl: 0.0008, 0.0044, P = 0.005005). There was a positive relationship between serum DPA and lumbar spine BMD in females (β = 0.0008, 95% Cl: 0.0001, 0.0015, P = 0.017900) and a negative association between serum EDA and thoracic spine BMD in the subgroup aged 30-39 years (β = -0.0016, 95% Cl: -0.0031, -0.0001, P = 0.041331), males (β = -0.0012, 95% Cl: -0.0023, -0.0001, P = 0.039364) and other races (β = -0.0021, 95% Cl: -0.0037, -0.0006, P = 0.008059). Conclusion This study demonstrated a linear positive relationship between serum DPA and head BMD, a nonlinear positive association between serum DPA and lumbar spine BMD, and a linear negative correlation between serum EDA and thoracic spine BMD in US adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuang Xiong
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuangang Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, Qianjiang Central Hospital of Chongqing, Qianjiang, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanran Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Runhan Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Nian Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zenghui Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoji Luo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Kołodziej Ł, Czarny PL, Ziółkowska S, Białek K, Szemraj J, Gałecki P, Su KP, Śliwiński T. How fish consumption prevents the development of Major Depressive Disorder? A comprehensive review of the interplay between n-3 PUFAs, LTP and BDNF. Prog Lipid Res 2023; 92:101254. [PMID: 37820872 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2023.101254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
MDD (major depressive disorder) is a highly prevalent mental disorder with a complex etiology involving behavioral and neurochemical factors as well as environmental stress. The interindividual variability in response to stress stimuli may be explained by processes such as long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD). LTP can be described as the strengthening of synaptic transmission, which translates into more efficient cognitive performance and is regulated by brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a protein responsible for promoting neural growth. It is found in high concentrations in the hippocampus, a part of the limbic system which is far less active in people with MDD. Omega-3 fatty acids like eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) not only contribute to structural and antioxidative functions but are essential for the maintenance of LTP and stable BDNF levels. This review explores the mechanisms and potential roles of omega-3 fatty acids in the prevention of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Kołodziej
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Laboratory of Medical Genetics, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; University of Lodz, Bio-Med-Chem Doctoral School of University of Lodz and Lodz Institutes of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Piotr Lech Czarny
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Sylwia Ziółkowska
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Białek
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Janusz Szemraj
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Piotr Gałecki
- Department of Adult Psychiatry, Medical University of Lodz, 91-229 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Kuan-Pin Su
- Mind-Body Interface Research Center (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan; An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan 709, Taiwan.
| | - Tomasz Śliwiński
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Laboratory of Medical Genetics, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
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Mehraie A, Khanzadi S, Hashemi M, Azizzadeh M. New coating containing chitosan and Hyssopus officinalis essential oil (emulsion and nanoemulsion) to protect shrimp ( Litopenaeus vannamei) against chemical, microbial and sensory changes. Food Chem X 2023; 19:100801. [PMID: 37780336 PMCID: PMC10534186 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the effect of chitosan coating containing emulsion and nanoemulsion of Hyssopus officinalis essential oil (EO) on the chemical, microbiological and sensory characteristics of shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) was investigated. The minimum value of TVB-N (Total volatile basic nitrogen), TBARS (Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances), PV (peroxide value), TMA-N (Trimethylamine-nitrogen) and FFA (Free fatty acids) after 12 days were shown in NE + HEO 1% (coating containing chitosan with nanoemulsion of EO) with 20.53 mg N/100 g, 0.5 µg/kg, 0.88 MAQ peroxide/kg, 1.3 mg/100 g and 12.16 mg 100% of oleic acid, respectively. Also, minimum value of pH after 12 days was related to the CE + HEO 1% (coating containing chitosan with emulsion of EO) with 7.60. The minimum value of psychrophilic and mesophilic microbial count after 12 days were shown in NE + HEO 1%, 4.40 ± 0.36 and 4.03 ± 0.06 cfu/g, respectively. The best score of sensory evaluation was observed in the NE-HEO 1% treatment. As a result, the edible coating containing chitosan-based nanoemulsion could be effective to the preservation of shrimp's microbiological, chemical, and sensory characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Mehraie
- Department of Food Hygiene and Aquaculture, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Saied Khanzadi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Aquaculture, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hashemi
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Azizzadeh
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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An SM, Cho K, Kim ES, Ki H, Choi G, Kang NS. Description and Characterization of the Odontella aurita OAOSH22, a Marine Diatom Rich in Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Fucoxanthin, Isolated from Osan Harbor, Korea. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:563. [PMID: 37999387 PMCID: PMC10671887 DOI: 10.3390/md21110563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Third-generation biomass production utilizing microalgae exhibits sustainable and environmentally friendly attributes, along with significant potential as a source of physiologically active compounds. However, the process of screening and localizing strains that are capable of producing high-value-added substances necessitates a significant amount of effort. In the present study, we have successfully isolated the indigenous marine diatom Odontella aurita OAOSH22 from the east coast of Korea. Afterwards, comprehensive analysis was conducted on its morphological, molecular, and biochemical characteristics. In addition, a series of experiments was conducted to analyze the effects of various environmental factors that should be considered during cultivation, such as water temperature, salinity, irradiance, and nutrients (particularly nitrate, silicate, phosphate, and iron). The morphological characteristics of the isolate were observed using optical and electron microscopes, and it exhibited features typical of O. aurita. Additionally, the molecular phylogenetic inference derived from the sequence of the small-subunit 18S rDNA confirmed the classification of the microalgal strain as O. aurita. This isolate has been confirmed to contain 7.1 mg g-1 dry cell weight (DCW) of fucoxanthin, a powerful antioxidant substance. In addition, this isolate contains 11.1 mg g-1 DCW of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), which is one of the nutritionally essential polyunsaturated fatty acids. Therefore, this indigenous isolate exhibits significant potential as a valuable source of bioactive substances for various bio-industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Nam Seon Kang
- Department of Microbial Resources, National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon 33662, Republic of Korea; (S.M.A.); (K.C.); (E.S.K.); (H.K.); (G.C.)
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Wójtowicz A, Combrzyński M, Biernacka B, Różyło R, Bąkowski M, Wojtunik-Kulesza K, Mołdoch J, Kowalska I. Fresh Chokeberry ( Aronia melanocarpa) Fruits as Valuable Additive in Extruded Snack Pellets: Selected Nutritional and Physiochemical Properties. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3276. [PMID: 37765442 PMCID: PMC10537414 DOI: 10.3390/plants12183276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the nutritional value and (selected) physiochemical properties of extruded snack pellets enriched with fresh chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) fruits were analyzed from the perspective of being a new product for the functional food sector. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the addition of fresh chokeberry and variation in content and screw speed on extruded snack pellet basic compositions, fatty acid profiles, antioxidant activity, as well as water absorption and solubility indexes, fat absorption and color profiles. The obtained results revealed a significant increase in antioxidant activity for all samples (above 90% of free radical scavenging) in comparison to potato-based control samples (just over 20% of free radical scavenging). The total phenolic content assay revealed the most valuable results for samples enriched with 30% chokeberry, while Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC) analysis allowed the determination of the most important phenolic acids. Of interest, chokeberry addition decreased the fat absorption index (FAI) after expansion by frying. Moreover, the highest values of crude protein and crude ash were observed in snack pellets supplemented by the application of 30% chokeberry. In such samples, the crude protein content was at the level of 4.75-4.87 g 100 g-1 and crude ash content at 4.88-5.07 g 100 g-1. Moreover, saturated fatty acids (SFA) content was lower in snack pellets with chokeberry addition, and increasing the amount of chokeberry additive from 10% to 30% in extruded snack pellet recipes resulted in more than double an increase in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) proportion in the total fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Wójtowicz
- Department of Thermal Technology and Food Process Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-612 Lublin, Poland; (A.W.); (B.B.)
| | - Maciej Combrzyński
- Department of Thermal Technology and Food Process Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-612 Lublin, Poland; (A.W.); (B.B.)
| | - Beata Biernacka
- Department of Thermal Technology and Food Process Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-612 Lublin, Poland; (A.W.); (B.B.)
| | - Renata Różyło
- Department of Food Engineering and Machines, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Głęboka 28, 20-612 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Maciej Bąkowski
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Bromatology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland;
| | | | - Jarosław Mołdoch
- Department of Biochemistry and Crop Quality, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, 24-100 Puławy, Poland; (J.M.); (I.K.)
| | - Iwona Kowalska
- Department of Biochemistry and Crop Quality, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, 24-100 Puławy, Poland; (J.M.); (I.K.)
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Ruggeri RM, Barbalace MC, Croce L, Malaguti M, Campennì A, Rotondi M, Cannavò S, Hrelia S. Autoimmune Thyroid Disorders: The Mediterranean Diet as a Protective Choice. Nutrients 2023; 15:3953. [PMID: 37764737 PMCID: PMC10535745 DOI: 10.3390/nu15183953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune thyroid diseases are on the rise worldwide, and such a rapid increase is mainly driven by environmental factors related to changed lifestyles in "modern" societies. In this context, diet seems to play a crucial role. An unhealthy high-energy diet, rich in animal fat and proteins, salt and refined sugars (the so-called "Western diet") negatively influences the risk of autoimmunity by altering the immune balance and the gut microbiota composition, enhancing oxidative stress and promoting inflammation. In contrast, the Mediterranean diet represents a unique model of healthy eating, characterized by a high intake of food from vegetable sources, a low consumption of saturated fats in favor of unsaturated fats (mainly, olive oil), a moderate consumption of fish (typically, the small oily fishes) and dairy products, as well as a moderate consumption of wine at meals, and a low intake of meat. Thanks to its nutritional components, the Mediterranean Diet positively influences immune system function, gut microbiota composition, and redox homeostasis, exerting anti-oxidants, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects. The present review was aimed at exploring the existing knowledge on the correlations between dietary habits and thyroid autoimmunity, to evaluate the role of the Mediterranean diet as a protective model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Maddalena Ruggeri
- Department of Human Pathology of Adulthood and Childhood DETEV “G. Barresi”, Endocrinology Unit, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Maria Cristina Barbalace
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.C.B.); (S.H.)
| | - Laura Croce
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (L.C.); (M.R.)
| | - Marco Malaguti
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.C.B.); (S.H.)
| | - Alfredo Campennì
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morpho-Functional Imaging, Unit of Nuclear Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Mario Rotondi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (L.C.); (M.R.)
| | - Salvatore Cannavò
- Department of Human Pathology of Adulthood and Childhood DETEV “G. Barresi”, Endocrinology Unit, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Silvana Hrelia
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.C.B.); (S.H.)
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Li X, Qi F, Zhao Z, Ma J. Association of dietary fatty acid intake with hypertension in children and adolescents: evidence from the NHANES 2005-2018. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1185982. [PMID: 37753192 PMCID: PMC10518386 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1185982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim This study aims to evaluate the association between dietary fatty acid intake and hypertension in children and adolescents. Methods This cross-sectional study used data of children and adolescents aged 8-17 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2018. Dietary intake of total fat and fatty acid was evaluated via two 24-h dietary recall interviews. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess the association between fatty acid intake and hypertension, with odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) calculated. A subgroup analysis was conducted according to gender, age, and body mass index Z-score. Results This study included 13,330 subjects, of which 11,614 were non-hypertensive and 1,716 were hypertensive. Higher intake of total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) was associated with significantly lower odds of hypertension (OR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.74-0.97, P = 0.018). No significant associations were found between the density of total saturated fatty acid, monounsaturated fatty acids, and PUFAs and the odds of hypertension (all P > 0.05). Increased intake of omega-3 (OR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.72-0.93, P = 0.002) and omega-6 (OR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.75-0.98, P = 0.025) PUFAs, octadecatrienoic acid (OR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.72-0.93, P = 0.003), and octadecadienoic acid (OR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.75-0.98, P = 0.025) was associated with significantly lower odds of hypertension, and individuals with higher omega-6/omega-3 ratio had significantly higher odds of hypertension (OR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.02-1.17, P = 0.025). The density of omega-3 PUFAs (OR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.78-0.95, P = 0.004) and octadecatrienoic acid (OR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.78-0.96, P = 0.006) was inversely associated with the odds of hypertension, and the omega-6/omega-3 ratio was positively associated with the odds of hypertension (OR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.02-1.17, P = 0.012). Conclusion Total PUFA intake was negatively associated with the odds of hypertension in children and adolescents. Higher intake of omega-3 and omega-6 PUFAs, octadecatrienoic acid, and octadecadienoic acid, as well as density of omega-3 PUFAs and octadecatrienoic acid, was associated with lower odds of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumin Li
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, The Second People’s Hospital of Liaocheng, Linqing, China
| | - Fengqin Qi
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, The Second People’s Hospital of Liaocheng, Linqing, China
| | - Zhihong Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, The Second People’s Hospital of Liaocheng, Linqing, China
| | - Jinbang Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second People’s Hospital of Liaocheng, Linqing, China
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Zhong H, Zhang M, Chen L, Liu W, Tao Y. Development of Schizochytrium sp. strain HS01 with high-DHA and low-saturated fatty acids production by multi-pronged adaptive evolution. Biotechnol Lett 2023; 45:1147-1157. [PMID: 37341820 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-023-03378-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is an important omega-3 unsaturated fatty acid and has been widely applied in medicine, food additives, and feed ingredients. The fermentative production of DHA using microorganisms, including Schizochytrium sp., attracted much attention due to its high production efficiency and environment friendly properties. An efficient laboratory evolution approach was used to improve the strain's performance in this study. METHODS A multi-pronged laboratory evolution approach was applied to evolve high-yield DHA-producing Schizochytrium strain. We further employed comparative transcriptional analysis to identify transcriptional changes between the screened strain HS01 and its parent strain GS00. RESULTS After multiple generations of ALE, a strain HS01 with higher DHA content and lower saturated fatty acids content was obtained. Low nitrogen conditions were important for enhancing DHA biosynthesis in HS01. The comparative transcriptional analysis results indicated that during the fermentation process of HS01, the expression of key enzymes in the glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway and the tricarboxylic acid cycle were up-regulated, while the expression of polyketide synthase genes and fatty acid synthesis genes were similar to those in GS00. CONCLUSION The results suggest that the improved DHA production capacity of HS01 is not due to enhancement of the DHA biosynthesis pathway, but rather related to modulation of central metabolism pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huichang Zhong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Xiamen Huison Biotech Co.,Ltd, Xiamen, 361100, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Liyi Chen
- Xiamen Huison Biotech Co.,Ltd, Xiamen, 361100, China.
| | - Weifeng Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Yong Tao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Zhao J, Ye L, Liu Z, Wu J, Deng D, An L, Bai S, Yang L, Liu B, Shi Y, Liu Z, Zhang R. The Effects of Early-Life Stress on Liver Transcriptomics and the Protective Role of EPA in a Mouse Model of Early-Life-Stress-Induced Adolescent Depression. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13131. [PMID: 37685937 PMCID: PMC10487865 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Early-life stress (ELS) was found to increase the risk of adolescent depression, and clinical evidence indicated that eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) was decreased in patients with adolescent depression, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Here, we utilized an ELS model of maternal separation with early weaning to explore the protective role of EPA in adolescent depression. We found that that ELS induced depression-like behavior rather than anxiety-like behavior in adolescent mice. RNA-sequencing results showed that ELS changed the transcription pattern in the liver, including 863 upregulated genes and 971 downregulated genes, especially those related to the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids metabolism in the liver. Moreover, ELS decreased the expression of the rate-limiting enzymes, fatty acid desaturases 1/2 (FADS1/2), involved in the biosynthesis of EPA in the liver. Additionally, ELS reduced the levels of EPA in the liver, serum, and hippocampus, and EPA administration improved depression-like behavior-induced by ELS. Our results provide transcriptomic evidence that ELS increases the risk of adolescent depression by reducing the synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids in the liver, especially EPA, and suggest that supplementation with EPA should be investigated as a potential treatment for adolescent depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlan Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; (J.Z.); (L.Y.); (Z.L.); (D.D.); (L.A.); (S.B.); (L.Y.); (B.L.)
| | - Lihong Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; (J.Z.); (L.Y.); (Z.L.); (D.D.); (L.A.); (S.B.); (L.Y.); (B.L.)
| | - Zuyi Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; (J.Z.); (L.Y.); (Z.L.); (D.D.); (L.A.); (S.B.); (L.Y.); (B.L.)
| | - Jiayi Wu
- School of Fundamental Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; (J.W.); (Y.S.)
| | - Di Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; (J.Z.); (L.Y.); (Z.L.); (D.D.); (L.A.); (S.B.); (L.Y.); (B.L.)
| | - Lin An
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; (J.Z.); (L.Y.); (Z.L.); (D.D.); (L.A.); (S.B.); (L.Y.); (B.L.)
| | - Shasha Bai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; (J.Z.); (L.Y.); (Z.L.); (D.D.); (L.A.); (S.B.); (L.Y.); (B.L.)
| | - Lei Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; (J.Z.); (L.Y.); (Z.L.); (D.D.); (L.A.); (S.B.); (L.Y.); (B.L.)
| | - Binjie Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; (J.Z.); (L.Y.); (Z.L.); (D.D.); (L.A.); (S.B.); (L.Y.); (B.L.)
| | - Yafei Shi
- School of Fundamental Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; (J.W.); (Y.S.)
| | - Zhongqiu Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; (J.Z.); (L.Y.); (Z.L.); (D.D.); (L.A.); (S.B.); (L.Y.); (B.L.)
| | - Rong Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; (J.Z.); (L.Y.); (Z.L.); (D.D.); (L.A.); (S.B.); (L.Y.); (B.L.)
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