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Tai JQ, Wong SF, Chow SK, Choo DH, Choo HC, Yeo V, Sahrom S, Aziz AR. Reliability, validity, usefulness, and sensitivity of a submaximal test of performing burpees in 3 minutes, in assessing and detecting changes in aerobic fitness of athletes during future prolonged self-isolation in a confined environment. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2024; 64:631-639. [PMID: 38916086 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.24.15653-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During a prolonged quarantine, there is a need to monitor aerobic fitness levels of trained individuals who are isolated with a simple fitness test that can be performed in confined space of their own homes. This study examined the reliability, validity, usefulness and sensitivity of a novel 3-min submaximal heart rate burpees test (or SubHR3-MBT) to assess and monitor changes in aerobic fitness, of trained athletes. In the SubHR3-MBT, male and female athletes performed 48 and 39 burpees respectively, within 3 min by following a constant beeping pace. The performance criterion of the SubHR3-MBT is the highest heart rate attained (or exercise HRpeak) at the end of 3-min (wherein a lower exercise HRpeak indicates a higher level of aerobic fitness). METHODS A total of 40 male and female national athletes from various sports volunteered for the study. RESULTS For reliability (Part 1), the SubHR3-MBT showed good relative and excellent reliability, with intraclass correlation coefficient 0.90 and coefficient of variation 2.6%, respectively. For validity (Part II), there was significant negative correlation between relative exercise HRpeak with respiratory gas-measured VO2max (r=-0.51, large; P<0.001). The test's technical error of measurement of 2.3 is slightly greater than its smallest worthwhile change of 1.5. For sensitivity (Part III), the athletes were tested twice for their SubHR3-MBT and VO2max, once at baseline and another at a followed-up test after >10 weeks. There was a significant correlation between the % change in relative exercise HRpeak with the % change in VO2max (r=-0.66, large; P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS The SubHR3-MBT is a reliable, valid, marginally useful test and may be able to track changes in aerobic fitness in trained athletes with moderate levels of sensitivity, in case of future isolation due to pandemic occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Q Tai
- Sport Science and Sport Medicine, Singapore Sport Institute, Sport Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shu F Wong
- Sport Science and Sport Medicine, Singapore Sport Institute, Sport Singapore, Singapore
| | - Steve K Chow
- Sport Science and Sport Medicine, Singapore Sport Institute, Sport Singapore, Singapore
| | - Darine H Choo
- Sport Science and Sport Medicine, Singapore Sport Institute, Sport Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hui C Choo
- Sport Science and Sport Medicine, Singapore Sport Institute, Sport Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vincent Yeo
- Sport Science and Sport Medicine, Singapore Sport Institute, Sport Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sofyan Sahrom
- Sport Physiology, Sport Science, National Youth Sport Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Abdul R Aziz
- Sport Science and Sport Medicine, Singapore Sport Institute, Sport Singapore, Singapore -
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Hart W, Taylor D, Bishop DC. Validity of submaximal aerobic capacity and strength tests in firefighters. Occup Med (Lond) 2024; 74:161-166. [PMID: 38381669 PMCID: PMC10990466 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqae004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Typically, the fitness of UK firefighters is assessed via submaximal estimate methods due to the low demands on time, money, expertise and equipment. However, the firefighter-specific validity of such testing in relation to maximum aerobic capacity (V˙O2max) and particularly muscular strength is not well established. AIMS To examine the validity of submaximal methods to estimate V˙O2max and maximal strength in operational firefighters. METHODS Twenty-two full-time operational firefighters (3 female) completed same-day submaximal (Chester Step Test; CST) and maximal (treadmill) assessments of V˙O2max, with a sub-sample of 10 firefighters (1 female) also completing submaximal and maximal back-squat (i.e. one repetition maximum; 1RM) assessments. All participants then completed the Firefighter Simulation Test (FFST) within 2-4 days. RESULTS CST underestimated actual V˙O2max by 1.4 ml·kg-1·min-1 (~3%), although V˙O2max values were positively correlated (r = 0.61, P < 0.01) and not significantly different. Estimated V˙O2max values negatively correlated with FFST performance (r = -0.42). Predicted 1RM underestimated actual 1RM by ~2%, although these values were significantly correlated (r = 0.99, P < 0.001) and did not significantly differ. The strongest predictive model of FFST performance included age, body mass index, and direct maximal measures of 1RM and V˙O2max. CONCLUSIONS Submaximal back-squat testing offers good validity in estimating maximum firefighter strength without exposure to the fatigue associated with maximal methods. The CST provides a reasonably valid and cost-effective V˙O2max estimate which translates to firefighting task performance, although the error observed means it should be used cautiously when making operational decisions related to V˙O2max benchmarks.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Hart
- North Yorkshire Fire and Rescue Service, Transport and Logistics Hub, Thirsk, UK
| | - D Taylor
- School of Sports and Exercise Science, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK
| | - D C Bishop
- School of Sports and Exercise Science, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK
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Nascimento AQ, Nagata LAR, Almeida MT, da Silva Costa VL, de Marin ABR, Tavares VB, Ishak G, Callegari B, Santos EGR, da Silva Souza G, de Melo Neto JS. Smartphone-based inertial measurements during Chester step test as a predictor of length of hospital stay in abdominopelvic cancer postoperative period: a prospective cohort study. World J Surg Oncol 2024; 22:71. [PMID: 38419082 PMCID: PMC10900612 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-024-03337-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Objective assessment of pre-operative functional capacity in cancer patients using the smartphone gyroscope during the Chester step (CST) test may allow greater sensitivity of test results. This study has investigated whether the CST is a postoperative hospital permanence predictor in cancer patients undergoing abdominopelvic surgery through work, VO2MAX and gyroscopic movement analysis. METHODS Prospective, quantitative, descriptive and inferential observational cohort study. Fifty-one patients were evaluated using CST in conjunction with a smartphone gyroscope. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to examine the predictive value of the CST. RESULTS The duration of hospital permanence 30 days after surgery was longer when patients who performed stage 1 showed lower RMS amplitude and higher peak power. The work increased as the test progressed in stage 3. High VO2MAX seemed to be a predictor of hospital permanence in those who completed levels 3 and 4 of the test. CONCLUSION The use of the gyroscope was more accurate in detecting mobility changes, which predicted a less favorable result for those who met at level 1 of the CST. VO2MAX was a predictor of prolonged hospitalization from level 3 of the test. The work was less accurate to determine the patient's true functional capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Geraldo Ishak
- Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, PA, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - João Simão de Melo Neto
- Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, PA, Brazil.
- Clinical and Experimental Research Unit of the Urogenital System (UPCEURG), Institute of Health Sciences of Federal University of Pará, Mundurucus street, Guamá, Belém, PA, 4487CEP: 66073-000, Brazil.
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4
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Martin J, Toczko M, Sax van der Weyden M, Lockie R. Effects of implementing a mandatory and consequential annual fitness assessment in a fire department over the initial 4-year period. Work 2024:WOR230378. [PMID: 38339952 DOI: 10.3233/wor-230378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the physical nature of the occupation many firefighters have low levels of physical fitness which is associated with poor performance of occupational tasks and increased injury rates. For many fire departments an initial step in promoting health and wellness within the department is to conduct annual fitness testing. OBJECTIVE To examine the effects of implementing a consequential fitness assessment within a fire department. METHODS A retrospective repeated measures design was used to analyze annual fitness assessment data of professional firefighters (n = 1415) from 2019 to 2022 within a large urban fire department located in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States. The fitness tests included assessments of pull-ups, push-ups, sit-ups, aerobic capacity, and body composition. Repeated measure analyses of variances (ANOVAs) assessed the effect of year and a 2-way ANOVA was conducted to investigate the effects of sex and age on fitness measures on 2022 data. RESULTS All fitness measures were found to be maintained over the 4-year period. Significant main effects of age and sex across all fitness measures, but no significant interactions were found. Older firefighters (50 + years) exhibited lower performance (p < 0.001, d > 0.80) on muscular fitness assessments than young firefighters (20-29 years). A large effect of sex (males > females) was found for pull-ups (d = 1.04), push-ups (d = 1.23), and aerobic capacity (d = 1.38). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that implementing a consequential fitness assessment could help maintain firefighters' fitness levels over a multi-year period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Martin
- Sports Medicine Assessment Research & Testing (SMART) Laboratory; George Mason University, Virginia, USA
| | - Michael Toczko
- Sports Medicine Assessment Research & Testing (SMART) Laboratory; George Mason University, Virginia, USA
| | - Megan Sax van der Weyden
- Sports Medicine Assessment Research & Testing (SMART) Laboratory; George Mason University, Virginia, USA
| | - Robert Lockie
- Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA, USA
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Tucker CA, Lawrence HS, Hooke MC. The Relationship of the PROMIS ® Pediatric Physical Activity Measure with Cardiorespiratory Fitness. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 11:22. [PMID: 38255336 PMCID: PMC10813950 DOI: 10.3390/children11010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
A The PROMIS® Pediatric Physical Activity (PA) measure is a new instrument with established validity that measures a child self-report on short bouts of moderate to rigorous physical activity. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship of the PROMIS® Pediatric PA item bank with cardiorespiratory fitness and self-efficacy. The study was conducted at the Minnesota State Fair. Youth ages 8 to 18 years completed the PROMIS® Pediatric PA and the Self-Efficacy for PA measures on an iPad. Participants performed 3-min step test with heart rates measured 1 min posttest. Participants (N = 182) were 53% female. The PROMIS® Pediatric PA had a weak, significant negative correlation with the step test measurement (r = -0.23, p = 0.001) and a weak, significant positive correlation with self-efficacy (r = 0.27, p < 0.001). Measurements did not differ between groups by sex or age group (school-age and adolescent). Youth who were obese had significantly higher heart rates post step test (p = 0.004); BMI percentile groups did not differ in other measures. Self-report of PA and the physiologic measure of heart rate are from two related but different physical fitness domains which supports their significant but weak relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole A. Tucker
- School of Health Professions, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Hannah S. Lawrence
- Masonic Children’s Hospital, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA;
| | - Mary C. Hooke
- School of Nursing, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;
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Gupta P, Kumar B, Banothu KK, Jain V. Assessment of Cardiorespiratory Fitness in 8-to-15-Year-Old Children with Overweight/Obesity by Three-Minute Step Test: Association with Degree of Obesity, Blood Pressure, and Insulin Resistance. Indian J Pediatr 2023; 90:1216-1222. [PMID: 36066791 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-022-04311-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess cardiorespiratory fitness in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity using the Kasch pulse recovery (KPR) test, and its correlation with severity of obesity, insulin resistance, and blood pressure (BP). METHODS This is a retrospective analysis of baseline data from a study evaluating the efficacy of yoga for reduction of body mass index (BMI) in children aged 8-15 y with overweight/obesity. KPR three-minute step test was done. Children were classified into cardiorespiratory fitness categories based on the post-KPR heart rate (HR); the maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max) was calculated, and the correlation analysis was done. RESULTS One hundred fifty-five children with mean age of 11.6 ± 1.8 y and mean BMI of 26.2 ± 4.1 kg/m2 were included. Mean post-KPR-HR and calculated VO2 max were 119 ± 14 per minute and 48.7 ± 5.6 mL/kg/min, respectively. In children < 13 y, cardiorespiratory fitness was excellent or very good in 28%, good or sufficient in 58%, and poor or very poor in 14%. BMI, waist circumference (WC), resting HR, systolic BP, and homeostatic model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were higher among those with poor/very poor fitness, with WC z score being statistically significant (p = 0.015). Post-KPR-HR showed positive correlation with BMI z score (r = 0.16, p = 0.044), WC z score (r = 0.21, p = 0.011), and HOMA-IR (r = 0.22, p = 0.012). CONCLUSION In children with overweight/obesity, 14% had poor cardiorespiratory fitness. Post-KPR-HR and calculated VO2 max had good correlation with measures of obesity and HOMA-IR. Further studies evaluating cardiorespiratory fitness and normative data of VO2 max for Indian children are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Gupta
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Brijesh Kumar
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Kiran Kumar Banothu
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vandana Jain
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.
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Nazaret A, Tonekaboni S, Darnell G, Ren SY, Sapiro G, Miller AC. Modeling personalized heart rate response to exercise and environmental factors with wearables data. NPJ Digit Med 2023; 6:207. [PMID: 37968567 PMCID: PMC10651837 DOI: 10.1038/s41746-023-00926-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart rate (HR) response to workout intensity reflects fitness and cardiorespiratory health. Physiological models have been developed to describe such heart rate dynamics and characterize cardiorespiratory fitness. However, these models have been limited to small studies in controlled lab environments and are challenging to apply to noisy-but ubiquitous-data from wearables. We propose a hybrid approach that combines a physiological model with flexible neural network components to learn a personalized, multidimensional representation of fitness. The physiological model describes the evolution of heart rate during exercise using ordinary differential equations (ODEs). ODE parameters are dynamically derived via a neural network connecting personalized representations to external environmental factors, from area topography to weather and instantaneous workout intensity. Our approach efficiently fits the hybrid model to a large set of 270,707 workouts collected from wearables of 7465 users from the Apple Heart and Movement Study. The resulting model produces fitness representations that accurately predict full HR response to exercise intensity in future workouts, with a per-workout median error of 6.1 BPM [4.4-8.8 IQR]. We further demonstrate that the learned representations correlate with traditional metrics of cardiorespiratory fitness, such as VO2 max (explained variance 0.81 ± 0.003). Lastly, we illustrate how our model is naturally interpretable and explicitly describes the effects of environmental factors such as temperature and humidity on heart rate, e.g., high temperatures can increase heart rate by 10%. Combining physiological ODEs with flexible neural networks can yield interpretable, robust, and expressive models for health applications.
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Li F, Tu YT, Yeh HC, Ho CA, Yang CP, Kuo YC, Ho CS. Feasibility of predicting maximal oxygen uptake by using the efficiency factor in healthy men. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16760. [PMID: 37798330 PMCID: PMC10556004 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43307-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Conventionally, efficiency is indirectly estimated through a respiratory gas analyser (oxygen, carbon dioxide), which is a complex and rather costly calculation method that is difficult to perform in many situations. Therefore, the present study proposed a modified definition of efficiency, called the efficiency factor (EF) (i.e., the ratio of work to the corresponding exercise intensity), and evaluated the relation between the EF and maximal oxygen uptake ([Formula: see text]), as well as compared the prediction models established based on the EF. The heart rate (maximal heart rate: 186 ± 6 beats min-1), rating of perceived exertion (19 ± 1), and [Formula: see text] (39.0 ± 7.1 mL kg-1 min-1) of 150 healthy men (age: 20 ± 2 years; height: 175.0 ± 6.0 cm; weight: 73.6 ± 10.7 kg; body mass index [BMI]: 24.0 ± 3.0 kg m-2; percent body fat [PBF]: 17.0 ± 5.7%) were measured during the cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET). Through multiple linear regression analysis, we established the BMI model using age and BMI as parameters. Additionally, we created the PBF modelHRR utilizing weight, PBF, and heart rate reserve (HRR) and developed PBF modelEF6 and PBF modelEF7 by incorporating EF6 from the exercise stage 6 and EF7 from the exercise stage 7 during the CPET, respectively. EF6 (r = 0.32, p = 0.001) and EF7 (r = 0.31, p = 0.002) were significantly related to [Formula: see text]. Among the models, the PBF modelEF6 showed the highest accuracy, which could explain 62.6% of the variance in the [Formula: see text] at with a standard error of estimate (SEE) of 4.39 mL kg-1 min-1 (%SEE = 11.25%, p < 0.001). These results indicated that the EF is a significant predictor of [Formula: see text], and compared to the other models, the PBF modelEF6 is the best model for estimating [Formula: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Li
- School of Physical Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Postdoctoral Research Mobile Station of Physical Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Tsai Tu
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, Guishan District, National Taiwan Sport University, No. 250, Wenhua 1st Rd., Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taipei City Hospital, Zhengzhou Branch, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chih Yeh
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, Guishan District, National Taiwan Sport University, No. 250, Wenhua 1st Rd., Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-An Ho
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, Guishan District, National Taiwan Sport University, No. 250, Wenhua 1st Rd., Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Pang Yang
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, Guishan District, National Taiwan Sport University, No. 250, Wenhua 1st Rd., Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Division of Sports Medicine Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chen Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, Guishan District, National Taiwan Sport University, No. 250, Wenhua 1st Rd., Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Shan Ho
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, Guishan District, National Taiwan Sport University, No. 250, Wenhua 1st Rd., Taoyuan City, Taiwan.
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Nguyen TN, Vu HTT, Khuong LQ, van der Ploeg I, Sundberg CJ. Positive Effects of Physical Activity on Prescription on Glycemic Control, Fitness, and Quality of Life in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetic Patients. Horm Metab Res 2023; 55:617-624. [PMID: 37678328 DOI: 10.1055/a-2144-7236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim was to investigate the effects of physical activity on prescription (PAP) compared with standard care (SC) in adult drug-naïve T2D patients. A randomized control trial was conducted with drug-naïve T2D patients attending an out-patient clinic Vietnam. Participants were randomly assigned to the PAP group (n+=+44) or the SC group (n+=+43). The PAP group received individualized recommendations for PA, intensive face-to-face training every two weeks. The SC group received the standard recommendations according to WHO guidelines. The mean HbA1c level change was larger (-10.6±6.4 mmol/mol) in the PAP group than in the SC group (-2.4±5.8 mmol/mol) (p<0.001). A one thousand step counts per day increase was significantly associated with a decrease of -2.43 mmol/mol in HbA1c [β=-2.43, 95%CI: (-2.94, -1.92]) in the PAP group. The fasting plasma glucose levels of the PAP group decreased significantly compared with the SC group. The VO2-max increased significantly more in the PAP group than in the SC group. PAP had clear positive effects on health-related Quality of Life [mean between group difference: 9.54 (95%CI 5.84,13.23)]. Insulin resistance, BMI, waist circumference, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides were significantly more decreased in the PAP group than in the control group. In conclusion, the fact that even a small change in mean step counts over three months had a beneficial effect on health-related outcomes in drug-naïve T2D patients can have large implications for treatment and management practices, not least in a middle-income country like Vietnam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tam Ngoc Nguyen
- Department of Geriatrics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Scientific Research Department, National Geriatric Hospital, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Huyen Thi Thanh Vu
- Department of Geriatrics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Scientific Research Department, National Geriatric Hospital, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | | | | | - Carl Johan Sundberg
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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Matsuo T, So R, Murai F. Estimation methods to detect changes in cardiorespiratory fitness due to exercise training and subsequent detraining. Eur J Appl Physiol 2023; 123:877-889. [PMID: 36550384 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-022-05113-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine whether estimated maximal oxygen consumption ([Formula: see text]) can detect cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) changes by behavioral modifications. This study compared changes in measured [Formula: see text]O2max (m[Formula: see text]O2max) through exercise intervention with e[Formula: see text]O2max using a multiple regression model (MRM) and linear extrapolation method (LEM). METHODS A cross-sectional analysis involving 173 adults was conducted to establish an MRM by including age, sex, body mass index, questionnaire score, heart rate (HR) from step test, and m[Formula: see text]O2max. Subsequently, 15 men participated in an intervention experiment comprising an 8-week, high-intensity interval training, followed by 8-week detraining, and completed anthropometric measurements, questionnaires, step tests, and m[Formula: see text]O2max tests. m[Formula: see text]O2max changes throughout the intervention were compared to e[Formula: see text]O2max changes calculated using the MRM and LEM. The LEM used the HR during the step test with constant values (predetermined [Formula: see text]O2), such as the Chester step test. RESULTS Inclusion of the step test HR in a questionnaire-based MRM improved the estimation power, although the MRM underestimated higher m[Formula: see text]O2max values. In the intervention, m[Formula: see text]O2max increased by 20.0 ± 14.1% (P < 0.01) and subsequently decreased by 9.5 ± 6.6% (P < 0.01) after exercise training and detraining, respectively. Significant method × time interactions were observed between m[Formula: see text]O2max and e[Formula: see text]O2max in the MRM but not in the LEM, i.e., an apparent systematic error (underestimation of high values) of the MRM was absent in the LEM, although the correlation between m[Formula: see text]O2max and e[Formula: see text]O2max using the LEM was moderate. CONCLUSION e[Formula: see text]O2max, particularly using the MRM with HR as an explanatory factor, is not an appropriate method for detecting CRF changes along with behavioral modifications. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION Registered number, UMIN000041031; Registered date, 2020/07/08; URL, https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000046855.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Matsuo
- Ergonomics Research Group, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Japan, Kawasaki, Japan.
- Research Center for Overwork-Related Disorders, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Japan, Kawasaki, Japan.
| | - Rina So
- Ergonomics Research Group, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Japan, Kawasaki, Japan
- Research Center for Overwork-Related Disorders, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Japan, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Fumiko Murai
- Research Center for Overwork-Related Disorders, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Japan, Kawasaki, Japan
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Finianos B, Pinti A, ElHage R. The effects of a 1-year recreational football protocol on bone health parameters in a group of healthy inactive 50-year-old men. J Clin Densitom 2023; 26:101368. [PMID: 37002003 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocd.2023.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
The main aim of the current study was to explore the effects of a 1-year recreational football protocol on bone health parameters (bone mineral content (BMC), bone mineral density (BMD), femoral neck geometry and composite indices of femoral neck strength) in a group of healthy inactive 50-year-old men. 51 middle-aged men voluntarily participated in this study, but only 41 of them completed it. Thus, the study population included 11 former football (FF) players and 30 inactive men. Inactive men were assigned to 3 different groups: controls (n=10), recreational football 30 (RF30; n=10) and recreational football 60 (RF60; n=10). The RF30 group performed two sessions of recreational football per week; the duration of each session was 30 minutes. The RF60 group performed two sessions of recreational football per week; the duration of each session was 60 minutes. The current study has demonstrated that whole body (WB) BMC, femoral neck BMD, cross-sectional moment of inertia, compression strength index, bending strength index and impact strength index increased in both experimental groups (RF30 and RF60) but not in the control group. The percentages of variations in bone health parameters were not significantly different between RF30 and RF60. In conclusion, this study suggests that recreational football is an effective method to improve bone health parameters in middle-aged men. In the studied population, most of the bone health benefits occurred after a low volume training protocol (2 * 30 minutes of recreational football per week).
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Affiliation(s)
- Boutros Finianos
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, University of Balamand, Kelhat El-Koura, Lebanon
| | - Antonio Pinti
- Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, INSA Hauts-de-France, LARSH - Laboratoire de Recherche Sociétés & Humanités, F-59313 Valenciennes, France
| | - Rawad ElHage
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, University of Balamand, Kelhat El-Koura, Lebanon.
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12
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Feasibility of Seated Stepping and Handshaking as a Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing: A Pilot Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12062140. [PMID: 36983144 PMCID: PMC10057871 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12062140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiopulmonary function is usually assessed by cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) using a cycle ergometer (CE-CPX) or a treadmill, which is difficult in patients with lower extremity motor dysfunction. A stepping and handshaking (SHS) exercise has been developed that can be performed safely and easily while sitting on a chair. This study compared peak oxygen uptake (peak V.O2) between CE-CPX and SHS-CPX in healthy adults and investigated the safety and validity of SHS-CPX. Twenty young adults (mean age 27.8 ± 4.4 years) were randomly assigned to perform CE-CPX or SHS-CPX, with the other test to follow 1–2 weeks later. The peak V.O2, respiratory exchange ratio (RER), peak heart rate, blood pressure, and test completion time were compared between CE-CPX and SHS-CPX. All subjects completed the examination and met the criteria for peak V.O2. SHS-CPX and CE-CPX showed a strong correlation with peak V.O2 (r = 0.85, p < 0.0001). The peak V.O2 (40.4 ± 11.3 mL/min/kg vs. 28.9 ± 8.0 mL/min/kg), peak heart rate (190.6 ± 8.9 bpm vs. 172.1 ± 12.6 bpm), and test completion time (1052.8 ± 143.7 s vs. 609.1 ± 96.2 s) were significantly lower in the SHS-CPX (p < 0.0001). There were no adverse events. The peak V.O2 with SHS-CPX was equivalent to about 70% of that with CE-CPX despite the exercise being performed in a sitting position, suggesting its suitability as a submaximal exercise test.
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13
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Janssen TI, Voelcker-Rehage C. Leisure-time physical activity, occupational physical activity and the physical activity paradox in healthcare workers: A systematic overview of the literature. Int J Nurs Stud 2023; 141:104470. [PMID: 36966711 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2023.104470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity positively influences cardiovascular health. Results from male-dominated physically active occupations suggest that a high level of occupational physical activity may be detrimental to cardiovascular health. This observation is referred to as the physical activity paradox. Whether this phenomenon can also be observed in female-dominated occupations remains unknown. OBJECTIVE We aimed to provide an overview of (1) leisure-time and occupational physical activity in healthcare workers. Therefore, we reviewed studies (2) to assess the relationship between the two physical activity domains and analyzed (3) their effects on cardiovascular health outcomes in relation to the paradox. METHODS Five databases (CINAHAL, PubMed, Scopus, Sportdiscus, Web of Science) were systematically searched. Both authors independently screened the titles, abstracts, and full texts and assessed the quality of the studies using the National Institutes of Health's quality assessment tool for observational cohort and cross-sectional studies. All studies that assessed leisure-time and occupational physical activity in healthcare workers were included. The two authors independently rated the risk of bias using the ROBINS-E tool. The body of evidence was evaluated using the GRADE approach. RESULTS The review included 17 studies that assessed the leisure-time and occupational physical activity of people working in healthcare, determined the relationship between the domains (n = 7) and/or examined their effects on the cardiovascular system (n = 5). Measurements for leisure-time and occupational physical activity varied between studies. Leisure-time physical activity typically ranged between low and high intensity, with a short duration (approx. 0.8-1.5 h). Occupational physical activity was typically performed at light to moderate intensity with a very long duration (approx. 0.5-3 h). Moreover, leisure-time and occupational physical activity were almost negatively related. The few studies investigating effects on cardiovascular parameters revealed a rather unfavorable effect of occupational physical activity, while leisure-time physical activity was beneficial. The study quality was rated as fair and the risk of bias was moderate to high. The body of evidence was low. CONCLUSIONS This review confirmed that leisure-time and occupational physical activity of healthcare workers are opposed in their duration and intensity. Moreover, leisure-time and occupational physical activity seem to be negatively related and should be analyzed according to their relation to each other in specific occupations. Furthermore, results support the relationship between the paradox and cardiovascular parameters. REGISTRATION Preregistered on PROSPERO (CRD42021254572). Date of registration on PROSPERO: 19 May 2021. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT Does occupational physical activity adversely affect the cardiovascular health of healthcare workers in comparison to leisure-time physical activity?
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja I Janssen
- Neuromotor Behavior and Exercise, Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Münster, Wilhelm-Schickard-Straße 8, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Claudia Voelcker-Rehage
- Neuromotor Behavior and Exercise, Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Münster, Wilhelm-Schickard-Straße 8, 48149 Münster, Germany.
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14
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Farrahi V, Rostami M, Nauha L, Korpisaari M, Niemelä M, Jämsä T, Korpelainen R, Oussalah M. Replacing sedentary time with physical activity and sleep: Associations with cardiometabolic health markers in adults. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2023; 33:907-920. [PMID: 36703280 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the associations of sedentary time, and substituting sedentary time with physical activity and sleep, with cardiometabolic health markers while accounting for a full 24 h of movement and non-movement behaviors, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and other potential confounders. The participants were 4585 members of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966, who wore a hip-worn accelerometer at the age of 46 years for 14 consecutive days. Time spent in sedentary behaviors, light-intensity physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) were determined from the accelerometer and combined with self-reported sleep duration to obtain the 24-h time use. CRF was estimated from the peak heart rate in a submaximal step test. An isotemporal substitution paradigm was used to examine how sedentary time and substituting sedentary time with an equal amount of LPA, MVPA, or sleep were associated with adiposity markers, blood lipid levels, and fasting glucose and insulin. Sedentary time was independently and adversely associated with the markers of cardiometabolic health, even after adjustment for CRF, but not in partition models including LPA, MVPA, sleep, and CRF. Substituting 60, 45, 30, and 15 min/day of sedentary time with LPA or MVPA was associated with 0.2%-13.7% favorable differences in the cardiometabolic health markers after accounting for LPA, MVPA, sleep, CRF, and other confounders. After adjustment for movement and non-movement behaviors within the 24-h cycle, reallocating additional time to both LPA and MVPA was beneficially associated with markers of cardiometabolic health in middle-aged adults regardless of their CRF level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Farrahi
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Center of Machine Vision and Signal Analysis, Faculty of Information Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Mehrdad Rostami
- Center of Machine Vision and Signal Analysis, Faculty of Information Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Laura Nauha
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Maija Korpisaari
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Geography Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr., Oulu, Finland
| | - Maisa Niemelä
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr., Oulu, Finland
| | - Timo Jämsä
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Raija Korpelainen
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr., Oulu, Finland
| | - Mourad Oussalah
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Center of Machine Vision and Signal Analysis, Faculty of Information Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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15
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Bannell DJ, France-Ratcliffe M, Buckley BJR, Crozier A, Davies AP, Hesketh KL, Jones H, Cocks M, Sprung VS. Adherence to unsupervised exercise in sedentary individuals: A randomised feasibility trial of two mobile health interventions. Digit Health 2023; 9:20552076231183552. [PMID: 37426588 PMCID: PMC10328121 DOI: 10.1177/20552076231183552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Adherence to unsupervised exercise is poor, yet unsupervised exercise interventions are utilised in most healthcare settings. Thus, investigating novel ways to enhance adherence to unsupervised exercise is essential. This study aimed to examine the feasibility of two mobile health (mHealth) technology-supported exercise and physical activity (PA) interventions to increase adherence to unsupervised exercise. Methods Eighty-six participants were randomised to online resources (n = 44, females n = 29) or MOTIVATE (n = 42, females n = 28). The online resources group had access to booklets and videos to assist in performing a progressive exercise programme. MOTIVATE participants received exercise counselling sessions supported via mHealth biometrics which allowed instant participant feedback on exercise intensity, and communication with an exercise specialist. Heart rate (HR) monitoring, survey-reported exercise behaviour and accelerometer-derived PA were used to quantify adherence. Remote measurement techniques were used to assess anthropometrics, blood pressure, HbA1c and lipid profiles. Results HR-derived adherence rates were 22 ± 34% and 113 ± 68% in the online resources and MOTIVATE groups, respectively. Self-reported exercise behaviour demonstrated moderate (Cohen's d = 0.63, CI = 0.27 to 0.99) and large effects (Cohen's d = 0.88, CI = 0.49 to 1.26) in favour of online resources and MOTIVATE groups, respectively. When dropouts were included, 84% of remotely gathered data were available, with dropouts removed data availability was 94%. Conclusion Data suggest both interventions have a positive impact on adherence to unsupervised exercise but MOTIVATE enables participants to meet recommended exercise guidelines. Nevertheless, to maximise adherence to unsupervised exercise, future appropriately powered trials should explore the effectiveness of the MOTIVATE intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Bannell
- Research Institute for Sport & Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Benjamin James Roy Buckley
- Research Institute for Sport & Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Anthony Crozier
- Research Institute for Sport & Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Andrew P Davies
- Research Institute for Sport & Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Katie L. Hesketh
- Research Institute for Sport & Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Helen Jones
- Research Institute for Sport & Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Matthew Cocks
- Research Institute for Sport & Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - on behalf of the MOTIVATE Team
- Research Institute for Sport & Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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16
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Matsuo T, So R, Murai F. Improved VO 2max Estimation by Combining a Multiple Regression Model and Linear Extrapolation Method. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2022; 10:jcdd10010009. [PMID: 36661904 PMCID: PMC9865627 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) is an important health indicator that is often estimated using a multiple regression model (MRM) or linear extrapolation method (LEM) with the heart rate (HR) during a step test. Nonetheless, both methods have inherent problems. This study investigated a VO2max estimation method that mitigates the weaknesses of these two methods. A total of 128 adults completed anthropometric measurements, a physical activity questionnaire, a step test with HR measurements, and a VO2max treadmill test. The MRM included step-test HR, age, sex, body mass index, and questionnaire scores, whereas the LEM included step-test HR, predetermined constant VO2 values, and age-predicted maximal HR. Systematic differences between estimated and measured VO2max values were detected using Bland-Altman plots. The standard errors of the estimates of the MRM and LEM were 4.15 and 5.08 mL·kg-1·min-1, respectively. The range of 95% limits of agreement for the LEM was wider than that for the MRM. Fixed biases were not significant for both methods, and a significant proportional bias was observed only in the MRM. MRM bias was eliminated using the LEM application when the MRM-estimated VO2max was ≥45 mL·kg-1·min-1. In conclusion, substantial proportional bias in the MRM may be mitigated using the LEM within a limited range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Matsuo
- Ergonomics Research Group, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Japan, Kawasaki 214-8585, Japan
- Research Center for Overwork-Related Disorders, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Japan, Kawasaki 214-8585, Japan
- Correspondence:
| | - Rina So
- Ergonomics Research Group, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Japan, Kawasaki 214-8585, Japan
- Research Center for Overwork-Related Disorders, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Japan, Kawasaki 214-8585, Japan
| | - Fumiko Murai
- Research Center for Overwork-Related Disorders, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Japan, Kawasaki 214-8585, Japan
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17
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The Chester Step Test Is a Reproducible Tool to Assess Exercise Capacity and Exertional Desaturation in Post-COVID-19 Patients. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 11:healthcare11010051. [PMID: 36611511 PMCID: PMC9819391 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Many people recovering from an acute episode of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) experience prolonged symptoms. Exercise testing is a feasible and cost-effective option for assessing exercise tolerance, fatigue, and dyspnea related to effort. Being that the Chester step test (CST) is a progressive, submaximal test for predicting aerobic capacity, it could be a good option to explore. This study aimed to determine the reproducibility of CST for assessing exertional desaturation and exercise capacity in patients post-COVID-19 disease. A cross-sectional study was conducted on post-COVID-19 patients. Two attempts of the CST were performed. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to assess agreement between the two tests. Forty-two symptomatic post-COVID-19 patients were included, the mean age was 53.8 ± 10.3 years, and 52% were female. There was no significant difference between both tests (p = 0.896). Twenty-four percent of participants (10 cases) had a clinically significant decrease in SpO2 at the first assessment, compared to 30.1% (13 cases) at the second, with no significant difference. An ICC of 0.993 (95% CI: 0.987 to 0.996) was obtained for the total number of steps in the CST.
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18
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FARRAHI VAHID, ROSTAMI MEHRDAD, DUMUID DOT, CHASTIN SEBASTIENFM, NIEMELÄ MAISA, KORPELAINEN RAIJA, JÄMSÄ TIMO, OUSSALAH MOURAD. Joint Profiles of Sedentary Time and Physical Activity in Adults and Their Associations with Cardiometabolic Health. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2022; 54:2118-2128. [PMID: 35881930 PMCID: PMC9671590 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to identify and characterize joint profiles of sedentary time and physical activity among adults and to investigate how these profiles are associated with markers of cardiometabolic health. METHODS The participants included 3702 of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 at age 46 yr, who wore a hip-worn accelerometer during waking hours and provided seven consecutive days of valid data. Sedentary time, light-intensity physical activity, and moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity on each valid day were obtained, and a data-driven clustering approach ("KmL3D") was used to characterize distinct joint profiles of sedentary time and physical activity intensities. Participants self-reported their sleep duration and performed a submaximal step test with continuous heart rate measurement to estimate their cardiorespiratory fitness (peak heart rate). Linear regression was used to determine the association between joint profiles of sedentary time and physical activities with cardiometabolic health markers, including adiposity markers and blood lipid, glucose, and insulin levels. RESULTS Four distinct groups were identified: "active couch potatoes" ( n = 1173), "sedentary light movers" ( n = 1199), "sedentary exercisers" ( n = 694), and "movers" ( n = 636). Although sufficiently active, active couch potatoes had the highest daily sedentary time (>10 h) and lowest light-intensity physical activity. Compared with active couch potatoes, sedentary light movers, sedentary exercisers, and movers spent less time in sedentary by performing more physical activity at light-intensity upward and had favorable differences in their cardiometabolic health markers after accounting for potential confounders (1.1%-25.0% lower values depending on the health marker and profile). CONCLUSIONS After accounting for sleep duration and cardiorespiratory fitness, waking activity profiles characterized by performing more physical activity at light-intensity upward, resulting in less time spent in sedentary, were associated with better cardiometabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- VAHID FARRAHI
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, FINLAND
- Centre of Machine Vision and Signal Analysis, Faculty of Information Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, FINLAND
| | - MEHRDAD ROSTAMI
- Centre of Machine Vision and Signal Analysis, Faculty of Information Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, FINLAND
| | - DOT DUMUID
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, AUSTRALIA
| | - SEBASTIEN F. M. CHASTIN
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UNITED KINGDOM
- Department of Movement and Sports Science, Ghent University, Ghent, BELGIUM
| | - MAISA NIEMELÄ
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, FINLAND
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, FINLAND
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr., FINLAND
| | - RAIJA KORPELAINEN
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, FINLAND
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr., FINLAND
- Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, FINLAND
| | - TIMO JÄMSÄ
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, FINLAND
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, FINLAND
| | - MOURAD OUSSALAH
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, FINLAND
- Centre of Machine Vision and Signal Analysis, Faculty of Information Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, FINLAND
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19
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Souza HLR, Bernardes BP, dos Prazeres EO, Arriel RA, Meireles A, Camilo GB, Mota GR, Marocolo M. Hoping for the best, prepared for the worst - can we perform remote data collection in sport sciences? J Appl Physiol (1985) 2022; 133:1430-1432. [PMID: 36074923 PMCID: PMC9762955 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00196.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hiago L. R. Souza
- 1Physiology and Human Performance Research Group, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Bernardo P. Bernardes
- 1Physiology and Human Performance Research Group, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Eduardo O. dos Prazeres
- 1Physiology and Human Performance Research Group, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Rhaí A. Arriel
- 1Physiology and Human Performance Research Group, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Anderson Meireles
- 1Physiology and Human Performance Research Group, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Gustavo B. Camilo
- 2Department of Anatomy, Federal University of Juiz de
Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil,3Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences (SUPREMA), Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Gustavo R. Mota
- 4Human Performance and Sport Research Group, Post-Graduate Program in Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil
| | - Moacir Marocolo
- 1Physiology and Human Performance Research Group, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
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20
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KAWAI S, KOBAYASHI S, YAMAUCHI R, YAMAZAKI M, SATONAKA A, SUZUKI N. Maximum oxygen uptake can be predicted by extrapolation using the calf circumference in non-obese healthy young adult men. GAZZETTA MEDICA ITALIANA ARCHIVIO PER LE SCIENZE MEDICHE 2022. [DOI: 10.23736/s0393-3660.21.04648-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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21
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Bragada JA, Bartolomeu RF, Rodrigues PM, Magalhães PM, Bragada JP, Morais JE. Validation of StepTest4all for Assessing Cardiovascular Capacity in Young Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11274. [PMID: 36141547 PMCID: PMC9517667 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular capacity, expressed as maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), is a strong predictor of health and fitness and is considered a key measure of physiological function in the healthy adult population. The purpose of this study was to validate a specific step test (StepTest4all) as an adequate procedure to estimate cardiovascular capacity in young adults. METHODS The sample was composed of 56 participants, including 19 women (aged 21.05 ± 2.39 years, body mass = 57.50 ± 6.64 kg, height = 1.62 ± 0.05 m, body mass index = 22.00 ± 2.92 kg/m2) and 37 men (aged 22.05 ± 3.14 years, body mass = 72.50 ± 7.73 kg, height = 1.76 ± 0.07 m, body mass index = 23.34 ± 2.17 kg/m2). Participants were included in one of the following groups: (i) the group used to predict the VO2max, and (ii) the group used to validate the prediction model. All participants performed the StepTest4all protocol. The step height and the intensity of the effort was determined individually. Heart rate and oxygen uptake were measured continuously during rest, effort, and recovery phases. The validation process included the following three stages: (i) mean data comparison, (ii) simple linear regression, and (iii) Bland-Altman analysis. RESULTS The linear regression retained, as significant predictors of the VO2max, sex (p < 0.001) and heart rate recovery for one minute (p = 0.003). The prediction equation revealed a high relationship between measurements (R2 = 63.0%, SEE = 5.58). The validation procedure revealed non-significant differences (p > 0.05) between the measured and estimated maximal oxygen uptake, high relationship (R2 = 63.3%), and high agreement with Bland-Altman plots. Thus, VO2max can be estimated with the formula: VO2max = 22 + 0.3 · (HRR1min) + 12 · (sex), where HRR1min is the magnitude of the HR decrease (bpm) in one minute immediately after the step was stopped, and sex: men = 1, women = 0. CONCLUSIONS The StepTest4all is an adequate procedure to estimate cardiovascular capacity, expressed as VO2max, in young adults. In addition, it is possible to determine the qualitative level of cardiovascular capacity from the heart rate recovery for one minute, more specifically, poor: <20, moderate: 20 to 34, good: 35 to 49, and excellent: ≥50. This procedure has the benefit of being simple to apply and can be used by everyone, even at home, without specialist supervision.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A. Bragada
- Department of Sport Sciences, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Research Centre in Sports, Health and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Raul F. Bartolomeu
- Department of Sport Sciences, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Research Centre in Sports, Health and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Sport Sciences, Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal
| | - Pedro M. Rodrigues
- Department of Sport Sciences, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Pedro M. Magalhães
- Department of Sport Sciences, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - João P. Bragada
- North East Local Health Unit—Health Care Unit of Santa Maria, 5301-852 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Jorge E. Morais
- Department of Sport Sciences, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Research Centre in Sports, Health and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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22
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Impact of mild COVID-19 on balance function in young adults, a prospective observational study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12181. [PMID: 35842493 PMCID: PMC9287704 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16397-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Balance is of essential importance in human life. The aim of the study is to examine the incidence of balance impairments in young adults who have recovered from mild COVID-19. The study involved 100 subjects, divided into two groups: the study group (50 individuals) comprised subjects who had recovered from mild COVID-19, and the control group (50 individuals) consisted of healthy subjects matched for gender and age. Balance was assessed using a force platform and clinical tests such as: timed up and go test, 15-s step test, sit-to-stand test and 6-min walk test. The assessment on the platform showed greater balance impairments in the trials with eyes closed; more specifically, compared to the controls, in trials with double-leg support the subjects from the study group acquired significantly higher scores in X average (lateral coordinates) (p < 0.05), Path length, V average (average Centre of Foot Pressure Velocity) (p < 0.05) and Area circular (p < 0.01), with even more significant results in trials with single-leg support in X average (p < 0.001), Y average (anterior–posterior coordinates) (p < 0.001) and Path length (p = 0.004). Higher scores in the timed up and go test were found in the study group (p = 0.013). The control group had higher scores in the remaining tests. The current findings show that mild COVID-19 may lead to balance impairments in young adults. Statistically significant differences in balance were found between the subjects in the study group and the healthy controls. Further studies in this area should take into account more age groups, and patients recovered from severe COVID-19, and should investigate long-term consequences of COVID-19 reflected by balance problems.
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Kaye S, Lewandowski A, Dunne M, Bowman J, Archer V. Feasibility of an Intervention Targeting Health through Exergaming as an Alternative to Routine Treatment (FIT HEART): protocol for a non-randomised two-armed pilot study. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2022; 8:122. [PMID: 35690876 PMCID: PMC9187892 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-022-01068-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite elevated risk of cardiometabolic disease among those with serious mental illness, and widespread recognition that physical activity interventions are required, there are multiple barriers to implementing typically recommended physical activity programmes in secure inpatient settings. Due to low mood, negative symptoms and poor socio-occupational functioning, psychiatric inpatients often lack motivation to engage in physical activity programmes. Moreover, regular access to outdoor spaces and exercise equipment is limited. As such, there is a need for novel physical activity interventions that are suitable for secure settings. This study aims to investigate the feasibility, acceptability and potential effectiveness of an intervention (exergaming) to promote physical activity among patients in a secure mental health setting. Methods This non-randomised, two-arm pilot study will employ a pre-test/post-test parallel group design, comparing the exergaming intervention with a “routine treatment” control. Two high-secure, sub-acute wards in the Long Bay Hospital Mental Health Unit will be non-randomly allocated to either the exergaming intervention or the “routine treatment” control group. The intervention group will receive a 12-week programme comprising three 30-min exergaming sessions per week using various Xbox KinectTM activity-based games designed to simulate moderate intensity exercise. The “routine treatment” group will continue to receive the standard model of care delivered by the Justice Health and Forensic Mental Health Network. Accelerometers will be distributed to all participants to collect daily energy expenditure, number of steps taken, intensity of physical activity and heart rate data throughout the study. The primary outcomes are (1) intervention feasibility and acceptability, and (2) baseline to post-intervention changes in physical health outcomes (levels of physical activity; cardiovascular fitness; clinical measures of cardiometabolic risk). Secondary outcomes are baseline to post-intervention changes in mental health outcomes (depression, anxiety, stress, positive psychiatric symptoms). Outcomes will be assessed at baseline, mid-intervention, and post-intervention. Discussion This research will contribute to evidence-based practice in the care of patients with serious mental illness: a vulnerable population with complex physical and mental health needs and a markedly elevated risk of cardiovascular disease. The findings will inform cardiovascular health promotion strategies and the implementation of physical activity interventions in secure inpatient settings. Trial registration ANZCTR, ACTRN12619000202167. Registered on 12 February 2019, https://www.anzctr.org.au. ANZCTR mandatory data items comply with the minimum dataset requirements of the World Health Organisation (WHO). The ANZCTR contributes trial registration data to the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (WHO ICTRP). Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40814-022-01068-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharlene Kaye
- Research Unit, Justice Health and Forensic Mental Health Network, Long Bay Complex, Roundhouse, 1300 Anzac Parade, Malabar, NSW, 2036, Australia. .,National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Amy Lewandowski
- Research Unit, Justice Health and Forensic Mental Health Network, Long Bay Complex, Roundhouse, 1300 Anzac Parade, Malabar, NSW, 2036, Australia
| | - Mitchell Dunne
- Research Unit, Justice Health and Forensic Mental Health Network, Long Bay Complex, Roundhouse, 1300 Anzac Parade, Malabar, NSW, 2036, Australia
| | - Julia Bowman
- Research Unit, Justice Health and Forensic Mental Health Network, Long Bay Complex, Roundhouse, 1300 Anzac Parade, Malabar, NSW, 2036, Australia
| | - Vicki Archer
- Research Unit, Justice Health and Forensic Mental Health Network, Long Bay Complex, Roundhouse, 1300 Anzac Parade, Malabar, NSW, 2036, Australia
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Mascaró CM, Bouzas C, Montemayor S, García S, Mateos D, Casares M, Gómez C, Ugarriza L, Borràs PA, Martínez JA, Tur JA. Impact of Physical Activity Differences Due to COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Parameters in Adults with Metabolic Syndrome. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14122370. [PMID: 35745100 PMCID: PMC9229383 DOI: 10.3390/nu14122370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: A Mediterranean lifestyle with a Mediterranean diet and regular physical activity (PA) improves metabolic syndrome (MetS) characteristics and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The COVID-19 pandemic stopped healthy habits and increased NAFLD progression. Objectives: To assess how PA differences due to COVID-19 lockdown affected NAFLD parameters in adults with MetS. Design: Longitudinal 2-year analysis of data obtained between COVID-19 pre- and post-lockdown in a parallel-group randomized trial (n = 57, aged 40–60 years old, with MetS and NAFLD). Methods: NAFLD status and related parameters were assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), blood collection analysis and related indexes. PA and fitness status were assessed by an Alpha-Fit test battery, accelerometers, validated Minnesota questionnaire and functional fitness score. During lockdown, study personnel telephoned patients to motivate them. Participants were grouped according to PA levels. Results: The low PA group improved its fitness score tests (0.2) after lockdown more than the medium PA group, and it decreased its sedentary activity (−48.7 min/day), increased light (20.9 min/day) and moderate (32.3 min/day) PA intensities and improved sleep efficiency (0.6%) in comparison with the medium and high PA groups. The high PA group increased its steps per day more than the other groups. The low PA group was the only group that decreased its gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels (−17.0 U/L). All groups increased their fatty liver index (FLI) after lockdown, but the medium PA group increased its FLI more than the low PA group. Participants in the high PA group decreased their HDL-cholesterol levels more than participants in the medium PA group (−0.4 mg/dL). Conclusions: Stopping regular PA together with an unhealthy lifestyle leads to a worsening of MetS and NAFLD. COVID-19 lockdown induced a decrease in PA in more active people, but inactive people increased their PA levels. Motivation seemed to be very important during lockdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina M. Mascaró
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (C.M.M.); (C.B.); (S.M.); (S.G.); (D.M.); (C.G.); (L.U.)
- Health Institute of the Balearic Islands (IDISBA), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Cristina Bouzas
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (C.M.M.); (C.B.); (S.M.); (S.G.); (D.M.); (C.G.); (L.U.)
- Health Institute of the Balearic Islands (IDISBA), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sofía Montemayor
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (C.M.M.); (C.B.); (S.M.); (S.G.); (D.M.); (C.G.); (L.U.)
- Health Institute of the Balearic Islands (IDISBA), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Silvia García
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (C.M.M.); (C.B.); (S.M.); (S.G.); (D.M.); (C.G.); (L.U.)
- Health Institute of the Balearic Islands (IDISBA), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - David Mateos
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (C.M.M.); (C.B.); (S.M.); (S.G.); (D.M.); (C.G.); (L.U.)
- Health Institute of the Balearic Islands (IDISBA), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Miguel Casares
- Radiodiagnosis Service, Red Asistencial Juaneda, 07011 Palma de Mallorca, Spain;
| | - Cristina Gómez
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (C.M.M.); (C.B.); (S.M.); (S.G.); (D.M.); (C.G.); (L.U.)
- Clinical Analysis Service, University Hospital Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Lucía Ugarriza
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (C.M.M.); (C.B.); (S.M.); (S.G.); (D.M.); (C.G.); (L.U.)
- Health Institute of the Balearic Islands (IDISBA), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Camp Redó Primary Health Care Center, 07010 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Pere-Antoni Borràs
- Area of Physical Education and Sports, Department of Pedagogy and Specific Didactics, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain;
| | - J. Alfredo Martínez
- Cardiometabolics Precision Nutrition Program, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM-CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Josep A. Tur
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (C.M.M.); (C.B.); (S.M.); (S.G.); (D.M.); (C.G.); (L.U.)
- Health Institute of the Balearic Islands (IDISBA), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
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25
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Mascaró CM, Bouzas C, Montemayor S, Casares M, Llompart I, Ugarriza L, Borràs PA, Martínez JA, Tur JA. Effect of a Six-Month Lifestyle Intervention on the Physical Activity and Fitness Status of Adults with NAFLD and Metabolic Syndrome. Nutrients 2022; 14:1813. [PMID: 35565780 PMCID: PMC9105030 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Physical inactivity has been linked to NAFLD, and exercise has been reported as useful to reduce intrahepatic fat content in NAFLD. (2) Objectives: To assess the physical activity (PA) and fitness status after a six-month lifestyle intervention (diet and PA) in adults with NAFLD and metabolic syndrome (MetS). (3) Design: Prospective cohort analysis of data obtained between baseline and six-year parallel-group randomized trial (n = 155, aged 40-60 years old, with MetS and NAFLD). Participants were randomized into three nutritional and PA intervention groups: Conventional diet (CD); MedDiet-high meal frequency (MD-HMF); MedDiet-physical activity (MD-PA). (4) Methods: PA and fitness status were assessed using a validated Minnesota questionnaire, ALPHA-FIT test battery, accelerometers, and functional fitness score. Information related to age, gender, education level, marital status, socioeconomic status, smoking habit, and alcohol consumption were also obtained. (5) Results: The CD group had higher improvement in standing handgrip than the MD-HMF group. The MD-PA group did more modified push-up repetitions than the CD group. The MD-PA and CD groups showed higher sitting handgrip than the MD-HMF group. The MD-HMF group showed the highest decrease in aerobic capacity. The MD-PA group showed lower light intensity PA/day than the CD and MD-HMF groups. The MD-PA group showed higher moderate intensity PA than the CD and MD-HMF groups. The CD group reported more METs per day than the MD-HMF group. (6) Conclusions: Lifestyle six-month intervention with diet and regular PA improved functional fitness in middle-aged patients with NAFLD and MetS. Aerobic capacity improved in patients who followed a Mediterranean diet and regular training sessions at six months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina M. Mascaró
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (C.M.M.); (C.B.); (S.M.); (I.L.); (L.U.)
- Health Institute of the Balearic Islands (IDISBA), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Cristina Bouzas
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (C.M.M.); (C.B.); (S.M.); (I.L.); (L.U.)
- Health Institute of the Balearic Islands (IDISBA), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sofia Montemayor
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (C.M.M.); (C.B.); (S.M.); (I.L.); (L.U.)
- Health Institute of the Balearic Islands (IDISBA), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Miguel Casares
- Radiodiagnosis Service, Red Asistencial Juaneda, 07011 Palma de Mallorca, Spain;
| | - Isabel Llompart
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (C.M.M.); (C.B.); (S.M.); (I.L.); (L.U.)
- Health Institute of the Balearic Islands (IDISBA), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Clinical Analysis Service, University Hospital Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Lucía Ugarriza
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (C.M.M.); (C.B.); (S.M.); (I.L.); (L.U.)
- Health Institute of the Balearic Islands (IDISBA), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Camp Redó Primary Health Care Center, 07010 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Pere-Antoni Borràs
- Area of Physical Education and Sports, Department of Pedagogy and Specific Didactics, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain;
| | - J. Alfredo Martínez
- Cardiometabolics Precision Nutrition Program, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM-CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Josep A. Tur
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (C.M.M.); (C.B.); (S.M.); (I.L.); (L.U.)
- Health Institute of the Balearic Islands (IDISBA), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Fagundes CF, Thommazo-Luporini LD, Goulart CL, Braatz D, Ditomaso A, Borghi-Silva A. Reference equations of oxygen uptake for the step test in the obese population. Braz J Med Biol Res 2022; 55:e11864. [PMID: 35319674 PMCID: PMC8939505 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2022e11864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to establish reference equations for the six-minute
step test (6MST) based on demographic, anthropometric, body composition, and
performance variables able to predict oxygen uptake (V̇O2) in obese
individuals. Seventy-three obese adults (42±14 years old, body mass index >30
kg/m2) from both sexes were included. They underwent anamnesis,
body composition evaluation, and the 6MST with expired gases registered
simultaneously. Three equations were developed for the obese population (n=73;
59% female). The first equation was composed of the up-and-down step cycles
(UDS), sex, and age as predictors; the second equation was composed of the UDS,
age, and lean mass (LM). Both equations collectively explained 68.1% of the
V̇O2 variance in the 6MST, while the third equation, composed of
the UDS, age, and body mass, accounted for 67.7% of the V̇O2
variance. UDS, sex, age, LM, and body mass were important V̇O2
predictors of 6MST in these obese individuals. This study contributes to the
dissemination of a simple, inexpensive, and fast evaluation method that can
provide important indicators of cardiorespiratory fitness and guide strategies
for rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Fagundes
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brasil
| | - L Di Thommazo-Luporini
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brasil
| | - C L Goulart
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brasil
| | - D Braatz
- Departamento de Engenharia de Produção, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brasil
| | - A Ditomaso
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brasil
| | - A Borghi-Silva
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brasil
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McNarry MA, Berg RMG, Shelley J, Hudson J, Saynor ZL, Duckers J, Lewis K, Davies GA, Mackintosh KA. Inspiratory Muscle Training Enhances Recovery Post COVID-19: A Randomised Controlled Trial. Eur Respir J 2022; 60:13993003.03101-2021. [PMID: 35236727 PMCID: PMC8900538 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.03101-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Many people recovering from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) experience prolonged symptoms, particularly breathlessness. We urgently need to identify safe and effective COVID-19 rehabilitative strategies. The aim of the current study was to investigate the potential rehabilitative role of inspiratory muscle training (IMT). Methods 281 adults (age 46.6±12.2 years; 88% female) recovering from self-reported COVID-19 (9.0±4.2 months post-acute infection) were randomised 4:1 to an 8-week IMT or a “usual care” waitlist control arm. Health-related quality-of-life and breathlessness questionnaires (King's Brief Interstitial Lung Disease (K-BILD) and Transition Dyspnoea Index (TDI)), respiratory muscle strength, and fitness (Chester Step Test) were assessed pre- and post-intervention. The primary end-point was K-BILD total score, with the K-BILD domains and TDI being key secondary outcomes. Results According to intention to treat, there was no difference between groups in K-BILD total score post-intervention (control: 59.5±12.4; IMT: 58.2±12.3; p<0.05) but IMT elicited clinically meaningful improvements in the K-BILD domains for breathlessness (control: 59.8±12.6; IMT: 62.2±16.2; p<0.05) and chest symptoms (control: 59.2±18.7; IMT: 64.5±18.2; p<0.05), along with clinically meaningful improvements in breathlessness according to TDI (control: 0.9±1.7 versus 2.0±2.0; p<0.05). IMT also improved respiratory muscle strength and estimated aerobic fitness. Conclusions IMT may represent an important home-based rehabilitation strategy for wider implementation as part of COVID-19 rehabilitative strategies. Given the diverse nature of long COVID, further research is warranted on the individual responses to rehabilitation; the withdrawal rate herein highlights that no one strategy is likely to be appropriate for all. IMT can significantly improve breathlessness and respiratory muscle function in people with long COVID, and represents an effective, home-based rehabilitation strategy that could be widely implemented as part of COVID-19 recovery strategieshttps://bit.ly/3HiEyz0
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Affiliation(s)
- Melitta A McNarry
- Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise and Medicine Research Centre, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Ronan M G Berg
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Centre for Physical Activity Research, and Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Copenhagen - Rigshospitalet, Kobenhavn, Denmark
| | - James Shelley
- Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise and Medicine Research Centre, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Joanne Hudson
- Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise and Medicine Research Centre, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Zoe L Saynor
- Physical Activity, Health and Rehabilitation Thematic Research Group Lead, School of Sport, Health and Exercise Science, Faculty of Science and Health, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Jamie Duckers
- All Wales Adult CF Centre, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK
| | - Keir Lewis
- Hywel Dda University Health Board, Llanelli, UK.,School of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | | | - Kelly A Mackintosh
- Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise and Medicine Research Centre, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
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28
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A Comparison of the Validity of Three Exercise Tests for Estimating Maximal Oxygen Uptake in Korean Adults Aged 19–64 Years. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12031371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the validity of three submaximal exercise tests (SMETs) and develop practical predictive models for the VO2max in Korean adults. A total of 541 (287 males and 254 females) adults participated in this study. Their ages ranged from 19 to 64. The VO2max was measured using the maximal-graded exercise treadmill test. The SMETs were performed by a treadmill test, the YMCA step test, and the PACER test. Regression analysis was conducted to compare the validity of the VO2max predictive equations using SMETs. The validity of the predictive models was evaluated using explanatory power, standard error of estimate (SEE), and Bland-Altman analysis. The explanatory power between the measured VO2max and the predicted VO2max was 58.0% (<0.001), 59.2% (<0.001), and 71.7% (<0.001), respectively. The SEEs were 4.545, 4.478, and 3.732 (mL/kg/min). The models were significant predictors of VO2max and had acceptable validity in a large sample of Korean adults. Especially, among the predictive models, PACER had the highest acceptable effectiveness. Therefore, the equations developed in this study are recommended to better evaluate the cardiovascular endurance of Korean adults.
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Molina-Garcia P, Notbohm HL, Schumann M, Argent R, Hetherington-Rauth M, Stang J, Bloch W, Cheng S, Ekelund U, Sardinha LB, Caulfield B, Brønd JC, Grøntved A, Ortega FB. Validity of Estimating the Maximal Oxygen Consumption by Consumer Wearables: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis and Expert Statement of the INTERLIVE Network. Sports Med 2022; 52:1577-1597. [PMID: 35072942 PMCID: PMC9213394 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-021-01639-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Background Technological advances have recently made possible the estimation of maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) by consumer wearables. However, the validity of such estimations has not been systematically summarized using meta-analytic methods and there are no standards guiding the validation protocols. Objective The aim was to (1) quantitatively summarize previous studies investigating the validity of the VO2max estimated by consumer wearables and (2) provide best-practice recommendations for future validation studies. Methods First, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies validating the estimation of VO2max by wearables. Second, based on the state of knowledge (derived from the systematic review) combined with the expert discussion between the members of the Towards Intelligent Health and Well-Being Network of Physical Activity Assessment (INTERLIVE) consortium, we provided a set of best-practice recommendations for validation protocols. Results Fourteen validation studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. Meta-analysis results revealed that wearables using resting condition information in their algorithms significantly overestimated VO2max (bias 2.17 ml·kg−1·min−1; limits of agreement − 13.07 to 17.41 ml·kg−1·min−1), while devices using exercise-based information in their algorithms showed a lower systematic and random error (bias − 0.09 ml·kg−1·min−1; limits of agreement − 9.92 to 9.74 ml·kg−1·min−1). The INTERLIVE consortium proposed six key domains to be considered for validating wearable devices estimating VO2max, concerning the following: the target population, reference standard, index measure, testing conditions, data processing, and statistical analysis. Conclusions Our meta-analysis suggests that the estimations of VO2max by wearables that use exercise-based algorithms provide higher accuracy than those based on resting conditions. The exercise-based estimation seems to be optimal for measuring VO2max at the population level, yet the estimation error at the individual level is large, and, therefore, for sport/clinical purposes these methods still need improvement. The INTERLIVE network hereby provides best-practice recommendations to be used in future protocols to move towards a more accurate, transparent and comparable validation of VO2max derived from wearables. PROSPERO ID CRD42021246192. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40279-021-01639-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Molina-Garcia
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Carretera de Alfacar s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain. .,Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Service, Biohealth Research Institute, Virgen de Las Nieves University Hospital, Jaén Street, s/n, 18013, Granada, Spain.
| | - Hannah L Notbohm
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, German Sport University, Cologne, Germany
| | - Moritz Schumann
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, German Sport University, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Physical Education, Exercise Translational Medicine Centre, The Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, and Exercise, Health and Technology Centre, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rob Argent
- Insight Centre for Data Analytics, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sport Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Megan Hetherington-Rauth
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universida de de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Julie Stang
- Department of Sport Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Wilhelm Bloch
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, German Sport University, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sulin Cheng
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, German Sport University, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Physical Education, Exercise Translational Medicine Centre, The Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, and Exercise, Health and Technology Centre, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ulf Ekelund
- Department of Sport Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Luis B Sardinha
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universida de de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Brian Caulfield
- Insight Centre for Data Analytics, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sport Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jan Christian Brønd
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Research Unit for Exercise Epidemiology, Centre of Research in Childhood Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Anders Grøntved
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Research Unit for Exercise Epidemiology, Centre of Research in Childhood Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Francisco B Ortega
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Carretera de Alfacar s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain. .,Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyvaskyla, Finland. .,Department of Bioscience and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
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Rausch Osthoff AK, Vliet Vlieland TPM, Meichtry A, van Bodegom-Vos L, Topalidis B, Büchi S, Nast I, Ciurea A, Niedermann K. Lessons learned from a pilot implementation of physical activity recommendations in axial spondyloarthritis exercise group therapy. BMC Rheumatol 2022; 6:12. [PMID: 35034652 PMCID: PMC8762948 DOI: 10.1186/s41927-021-00233-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The Ankylosing Spondylitis Association of Switzerland (SVMB) aimed to implement physical activity recommendations (PAR) within their exercise groups (EGs). The PAR promote exercise in all fitness dimensions at the correct dose. To implement the PAR within EGs, they were translated into a new EG concept with five key activities: (a) training for supervising physiotherapists (PTs), (b) correctly dosed exercises in all fitness dimensions, (c) exercise counselling, (d) bi-annual fitness assessments, and (e) individual exercise training, in addition to EG. All these activities were realized in close coordination with SVMB management. Objectives To analyse the implementation success by evaluating adherence/fidelity, feasibility, and satisfaction at the patient, PTs, and organisational level. Methods The five key activities of the new EG concept were developed, executed, and assessed after 6 months. The primary outcomes for implementation success were adherence of patients to the recommended exercise behaviour, self-reported by electronic diary; fidelity of PTs to the new concept, self-reported by diary; SVMB organisational changes. Secondary outcomes were feasibility and satisfaction with the new EG concept at all three levels. The tertiary outcome, to evaluate the effectiveness of PAR, was patient fitness, assessed through fitness assessments. Results 30 patients with axSpA (ten women, mean age 58 ± 9 years) and four PTs (three women, mean age 46 ± 9 years) participated. The patients' self-reporting of adherence to the PAR was insufficient (43%), possibly due to technical problems with the electronic dairy. The PTs' fidelity to the new EG concept was satisfactory. On all levels, the new concept was generally perceived as feasible and useful for supporting personalised exercise.The frequency of exercise counselling and the fitness assessments was found by patients and PTs to be too high and rigid. Patients' cardiorespiratory fitness [ES 1.21 (95%CI 0.59, 1.89)] and core strength [ES 0.61 (95%CI 0.18, 1.06)] improved over the 6 months. Conclusions The pilot implementation of PAR showed acceptance and satisfaction to be sufficient, thus confirming the need for evidence-based EGs, provided by a patient organisation in order to support active PA behaviour. However, adaptations are necessary to increase its feasibility for nationwide implementation. Trial Registration: SNCTP, SNCTP000002880. Registered 31 May 2018, https://www.kofam.ch/en/snctp-portal/search/0/study/42491. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s41927-021-00233-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Kathrin Rausch Osthoff
- ZHAW, School of Health Sciences, Institute of Physiotherapy, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Katharina-Sulzer-Platz 9, 8401, Winterthur, Switzerland. .,Department of Orthopaedics, Rehabilitation and Physical Therapy, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Theodora P M Vliet Vlieland
- Department of Orthopaedics, Rehabilitation and Physical Therapy, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - André Meichtry
- ZHAW, School of Health Sciences, Institute of Physiotherapy, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Katharina-Sulzer-Platz 9, 8401, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Leti van Bodegom-Vos
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Stefan Büchi
- Clinic for Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics Hohenegg, Meilen, Switzerland
| | - Irina Nast
- ZHAW, School of Health Sciences, Institute of Physiotherapy, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Katharina-Sulzer-Platz 9, 8401, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Adrian Ciurea
- Department of Rheumatology, Zurich University Hospital, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Karin Niedermann
- ZHAW, School of Health Sciences, Institute of Physiotherapy, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Katharina-Sulzer-Platz 9, 8401, Winterthur, Switzerland
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Lin II, Chen YL, Chuang LL. Test-Retest Reliability of Home-Based Fitness Assessments Using a Mobile App (R Plus Health) in Healthy Adults: Prospective Quantitative Study. JMIR Form Res 2021; 5:e28040. [PMID: 34657835 PMCID: PMC8701670 DOI: 10.2196/28040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor physical fitness has a negative impact on overall health status. An increasing number of health-related mobile apps have emerged to reduce the burden of medical care and the inconvenience of long-distance travel. However, few studies have been conducted on home-based fitness tests using apps. Insufficient monitoring of physiological signals during fitness assessments have been noted. Therefore, we developed R Plus Health, a digital health app that incorporates all the components of a fitness assessment with concomitant physiological signal monitoring. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to investigate the test-retest reliability of home-based fitness assessments using the R Plus Health app in healthy adults. METHODS A total of 31 healthy young adults self-executed 2 fitness assessments using the R Plus Health app, with a 2- to 3-day interval between assessments. The fitness assessments included cardiorespiratory endurance, strength, flexibility, mobility, and balance tests. The intraclass correlation coefficient was computed as a measure of the relative reliability of the fitness assessments and determined their consistency. The SE of measurement, smallest real difference at a 90% CI, and Bland-Altman analyses were used to assess agreement, sensitivity to real change, and systematic bias detection, respectively. RESULTS The relative reliability of the fitness assessments using R Plus Health was moderate to good (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.8-0.99 for raw scores, 0.69-0.99 for converted scores). The SE of measurement and smallest real difference at a 90% CI were 1.44-6.91 and 3.36-16.11, respectively, in all fitness assessments. The 95% CI of the mean difference indicated no significant systematic error between the assessments for the strength and balance tests. The Bland-Altman analyses revealed no significant systematic bias between the assessments for all tests, with a few outliers. The Bland-Altman plots illustrated narrow limits of agreement for upper extremity strength, abdominal strength, and right leg stance tests, indicating good agreement between the 2 assessments. CONCLUSIONS Home-based fitness assessments using the R Plus Health app were reliable and feasible in young, healthy adults. The results of the fitness assessments can offer a comprehensive understanding of general health status and help prescribe safe and suitable exercise training regimens. In future work, the app will be tested in different populations (eg, patients with chronic diseases or users with poor fitness), and the results will be compared with clinical test results. TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2000030905; http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=50229.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-I Lin
- Recovery Plus Inc, Chengdu, China
| | | | - Li-Ling Chuang
- School of Physical Therapy & Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Smith VM, Watson P, Most SB. Enhanced recognition of emotional images is not affected by post-exposure exercise-induced arousal. Q J Exp Psychol (Hove) 2021; 75:1056-1066. [PMID: 34623205 DOI: 10.1177/17470218211054950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Research suggests that aerobic exercise (i.e., exercise aiming to improve cardiovascular fitness) promotes cognition, but the impact on memory specifically, is unclear. There is some evidence to suggest that as little as one session of post-learning exercise benefits memory consolidation. Furthermore, memory may be particularly facilitated by exercise when the individual is emotionally aroused while encoding stimuli. The current study tested whether exercise after exposure to neutral and emotional images improved memory consolidation of the items among university students. Ninety-nine students were randomly instructed to either exercise or not exercise after viewing a set of images that were positive, neutral, and negative in valence, and they were later tested on their memory. Although emotional images were remembered better than non-emotional images, the results suggested that exercise did not influence this effect or enhance consolidation of the items overall. Explanations and implications for these findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Poppy Watson
- School of Psychology, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Steven B Most
- School of Psychology, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Rutkowski S, Szary P, Sacha J, Casaburi R. Immersive Virtual Reality Influences Physiologic Responses to Submaximal Exercise: A Randomized, Crossover Trial. Front Physiol 2021; 12:702266. [PMID: 34658904 PMCID: PMC8514762 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.702266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: This cross-sectional, randomly assigned study aimed to assess the influence of immersive virtual reality (VR) on exercise tolerance expressed as the duration of a submaximal exercise test (ET) on a cycle ergometer. Methods: The study enrolled 70 healthy volunteers aged 22-25years. Each participant performed an ET with and without VR. Time- and frequency-domain heart rate variability (HRV) parameters were analyzed for the first 3min (T1), the last 3min (T2), and the time at which the shorter of the two tests terminated (Tiso). In the time domain, a SD of R-R intervals (SDNN) and a root mean square of successive R-R interval differences (RMSSD) in milliseconds were computed. The following spectral components were considered: low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF), total power (TP), and LF/HF ratio. The study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04197024). Results: Compared to standard ET, tests in immersive VR lasted significantly longer (694 vs. 591s, p<0.00001) and were associated with lower HR response across the range of corresponding exercise levels, averaging 5-8 beats/min. In the multiple regression analysis, the ET duration was positively determined by male sex, immersion in VR, and negatively determined by HRT1 and RMSSDT1. Conclusion: Exercising in VR is associated with lower HR which allowed subjects to exercise for a longer time before reaching target heart rate (HR). In addition, the increase in exercise duration was found to be related to an adjustment in autonomic nervous activity at a given work rate favoring parasympathetic predominance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Rutkowski
- Department of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, Opole, Poland
| | - Patryk Szary
- Faculty of Physiotherapy, University School of Physical Education in Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jerzy Sacha
- Department of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, Opole, Poland
| | - Richard Casaburi
- Rehabilitation Clinical Trials Center, Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Physiology and Medicine, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United States
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Garcia-Pelagio KP, Hew-Butler T, Fahlman MM, Roche JA. Women's Lives Matter-The Critical Need for Women to Prioritize Optimal Physical Activity to Reduce COVID-19 Illness Risk and Severity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:10271. [PMID: 34639569 PMCID: PMC8507774 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph181910271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) is beneficial for the health and wellness of individuals and societies. During an infectious disease pandemic, such as the one caused by COVID-19, social distancing, quarantines, and lockdowns are used to reduce community spread of the disease. Unfortunately, such nonpharmacological interventions or physical risk mitigation measures also make it challenging to engage in PA. Reduced PA could then trigger physiological changes that affect both mental and physical health. In this regard, women are more likely to experience physical and psychological distress. PA is a safe and effective nonpharmacological modality that can help prevent and manage several mental and physical health problems when performed correctly. PA might even confer benefits that are directly related to decreasing COVID-19 morbidity and mortality in women. In this review, we summarize why optimal PA must be a priority for women during the COVID-19 pandemic. We then discuss chronic COVID-19 illness and its impact on women, which further underscores the need for worldwide preventive health strategies that include PA. Finally, we discuss the importance of vaccination against COVID-19 for women, as part of prioritizing preventive healthcare and an active lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla P. Garcia-Pelagio
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 4510, Mexico
| | - Tamara Hew-Butler
- Division of Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies, College of Education, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (T.H.-B.); (M.M.F.)
| | - Mariane M. Fahlman
- Division of Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies, College of Education, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (T.H.-B.); (M.M.F.)
| | - Joseph A. Roche
- Physical Therapy Program, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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Castro-Piñero J, Marin-Jimenez N, Fernandez-Santos JR, Martin-Acosta F, Segura-Jimenez V, Izquierdo-Gomez R, Ruiz JR, Cuenca-Garcia M. Criterion-Related Validity of Field-Based Fitness Tests in Adults: A Systematic Review. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10163743. [PMID: 34442050 PMCID: PMC8397016 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10163743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We comprehensively assessed the criterion-related validity of existing field-based fitness tests used to indicate adult health (19–64 years, with no known pathologies). The medical electronic databases MEDLINE (via PubMed) and Web of Science (all databases) were screened for studies published up to July 2020. Each original study’s methodological quality was classified as high, low and very low, according to the number of participants, the description of the study population, statistical analysis and systematic reviews which were appraised via the AMSTAR rating scale. Three evidence levels were constructed (strong, moderate and limited evidence) according to the number of studies and the consistency of the findings. We identified 101 original studies (50 of high quality) and five systematic reviews examining the criterion-related validity of field-based fitness tests in adults. Strong evidence indicated that the 20 m shuttle run, 1.5-mile, 12 min run/walk, YMCA step, 2 km walk and 6 min walk test are valid for estimating cardiorespiratory fitness; the handgrip strength test is valid for assessing hand maximal isometric strength; and the Biering–Sørensen test to evaluate the endurance strength of hip and back muscles; however, the sit-and reach test, and its different versions, and the toe-to-touch test are not valid for assessing hamstring and lower back flexibility. We found moderate evidence supporting that the 20 m square shuttle run test is a valid test for estimating cardiorespiratory fitness. Other field-based fitness tests presented limited evidence, mainly due to few studies. We developed an evidence-based proposal of the most valid field-based fitness tests in healthy adults aged 19–64 years old.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Castro-Piñero
- GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, Avenida República Saharaui s/n, Puerto Real, 11519 Cádiz, Spain; (J.C.-P.); (J.R.F.-S.); (F.M.-A.); (V.S.-J.); (R.I.-G.); (M.C.-G.)
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), 11009 Cádiz, Spain
| | - Nuria Marin-Jimenez
- GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, Avenida República Saharaui s/n, Puerto Real, 11519 Cádiz, Spain; (J.C.-P.); (J.R.F.-S.); (F.M.-A.); (V.S.-J.); (R.I.-G.); (M.C.-G.)
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), 11009 Cádiz, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-956-016-253
| | - Jorge R. Fernandez-Santos
- GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, Avenida República Saharaui s/n, Puerto Real, 11519 Cádiz, Spain; (J.C.-P.); (J.R.F.-S.); (F.M.-A.); (V.S.-J.); (R.I.-G.); (M.C.-G.)
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), 11009 Cádiz, Spain
| | - Fatima Martin-Acosta
- GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, Avenida República Saharaui s/n, Puerto Real, 11519 Cádiz, Spain; (J.C.-P.); (J.R.F.-S.); (F.M.-A.); (V.S.-J.); (R.I.-G.); (M.C.-G.)
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), 11009 Cádiz, Spain
| | - Victor Segura-Jimenez
- GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, Avenida República Saharaui s/n, Puerto Real, 11519 Cádiz, Spain; (J.C.-P.); (J.R.F.-S.); (F.M.-A.); (V.S.-J.); (R.I.-G.); (M.C.-G.)
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), 11009 Cádiz, Spain
| | - Rocio Izquierdo-Gomez
- GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, Avenida República Saharaui s/n, Puerto Real, 11519 Cádiz, Spain; (J.C.-P.); (J.R.F.-S.); (F.M.-A.); (V.S.-J.); (R.I.-G.); (M.C.-G.)
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), 11009 Cádiz, Spain
| | - Jonatan R. Ruiz
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical and Sports Education, School of Sports Science, University of Granada, 18007 Granada, Spain;
| | - Magdalena Cuenca-Garcia
- GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, Avenida República Saharaui s/n, Puerto Real, 11519 Cádiz, Spain; (J.C.-P.); (J.R.F.-S.); (F.M.-A.); (V.S.-J.); (R.I.-G.); (M.C.-G.)
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), 11009 Cádiz, Spain
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Holler P, Jaunig J, Moser O, Tuttner S, Simi H, Wallner D, Amort FM, van Poppel M. Primary Care and Physical Literacy: A Non-Randomized Controlled Pilot Study to Combat the High Prevalence of Physically Inactive Adults in Austria. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18168593. [PMID: 34444341 PMCID: PMC8394934 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The multidimensional concept of physical literacy is fundamental for lifelong physical activity engagement. However, physical literacy-based interventions are in their infancy, especially among adults. Therefore, the purpose of this pilot study was to assess the association of a physical literacy-based intervention with changes in self-reported physical literacy among inactive adults. A non-randomized controlled study (2 × 2 design) was conducted, comparing pre- vs. postintervention. Twenty-eight inactive healthy participants in the intervention group (89% female, 53 ± 10 years) entered a physical literacy-based intervention once weekly for 14 weeks. The non-treated control group consisted of 22 inactive adults (96% female, 50 ± 11 years). Physical literacy was evaluated with a questionnaire encompassing five domains: physical activity behavior, attitude/understanding, motivation, knowledge, and self-efficacy/confidence. ANOVA models were applied to evaluate changes by time and condition. Following the intervention, significant improvements were seen for overall physical literacy and in four out of five physical literacy domains, including physical activity behavior, attitude/understanding, knowledge, and self-efficacy/confidence (all p < 0.01, Cohen's d = 0.38-0.83). No changes by time x condition were found for motivation. The physical literacy-based intervention applied in this study may be a promising approach to help inactive adults to adopt an active lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Holler
- Institute of Health Management in Tourism, FH JOANNEUM—University of Applied Sciences, 8344 Bad Gleichenberg, Austria; (S.T.); (H.S.); (D.W.); (F.M.A.)
- Sport Science Laboratory, FH JOANNEUM—University of Applied Sciences, 8344 Bad Gleichenberg, Austria
- Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (J.J.); (M.v.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Johannes Jaunig
- Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (J.J.); (M.v.P.)
| | - Othmar Moser
- Division Exercise Physiology and Metabolism, Department of Sport Science, University of Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany;
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Silvia Tuttner
- Institute of Health Management in Tourism, FH JOANNEUM—University of Applied Sciences, 8344 Bad Gleichenberg, Austria; (S.T.); (H.S.); (D.W.); (F.M.A.)
| | - Helmut Simi
- Institute of Health Management in Tourism, FH JOANNEUM—University of Applied Sciences, 8344 Bad Gleichenberg, Austria; (S.T.); (H.S.); (D.W.); (F.M.A.)
- Sport Science Laboratory, FH JOANNEUM—University of Applied Sciences, 8344 Bad Gleichenberg, Austria
| | - Dietmar Wallner
- Institute of Health Management in Tourism, FH JOANNEUM—University of Applied Sciences, 8344 Bad Gleichenberg, Austria; (S.T.); (H.S.); (D.W.); (F.M.A.)
- Sport Science Laboratory, FH JOANNEUM—University of Applied Sciences, 8344 Bad Gleichenberg, Austria
| | - Frank Michael Amort
- Institute of Health Management in Tourism, FH JOANNEUM—University of Applied Sciences, 8344 Bad Gleichenberg, Austria; (S.T.); (H.S.); (D.W.); (F.M.A.)
| | - Mireille van Poppel
- Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (J.J.); (M.v.P.)
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Liu Y, Tremblay MS, Tomkinson GR. Temporal trends in step test performance for Chinese adults between 2000 and 2014. J Exerc Sci Fit 2021; 19:216-222. [PMID: 34381518 PMCID: PMC8319019 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2021.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgroud/Objective Cardiorespiratory endurance is an excellent marker of functional endurance and health among adults. The aim of this study was to estimate temporal trends in step test performance for Chinese adults between 2000 and 2014. Methods Apparently healthy adults aged 20–59 years were included. Nationally representative step test data (n = 603,977) from 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2014 were reported descriptively by the China Physical Fitness Surveillance Center. Temporal trends in means were estimated at the sex-age level for all adults and separate location/occupation groups using sample-weighted linear regression, with trends in distributional characteristics described visually and estimated as the ratio of coefficients of variation (CVs). Results Collectively, there was a negligible improvement in mean step test performance of 0.12 standardized effect sizes (95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.11–0.13). Negligible to small improvements were observed for all age, sex, location, and occupation groups. Variability declined substantially over time (ratio of CVs (95%CI): 0.86 (0.86–0.86)), with negligible to large improvements in those below the 10th percentile, and negligible to moderate declines in those above the 90th percentile. Conclusion There have been negligible to large improvements in step test performance for low to average performing Chinese adults since 2000, which may be meaningful to public health because low endurance is an important risk factor for all-cause mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- School of Physical Education and Sport Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Physical Fitness and Health of Children and Adolescents, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Mark S. Tremblay
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Grant R. Tomkinson
- Department of Education, Health and Behavior Studies, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Corresponding author. Department of Education, Health and Behavior Studies, University of North Dakota, 2751 2nd Avenue North, Stop 8235, Grand Forks, ND, 58202, USA.
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Webster DE, Tummalacherla M, Higgins M, Wing D, Ashley E, Kelly VE, McConnell MV, Muse ED, Olgin JE, Mangravite LM, Godino J, Kellen MR, Omberg L. Smartphone-Based VO2max Measurement With Heart Snapshot in Clinical and Real-world Settings With a Diverse Population: Validation Study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2021; 9:e26006. [PMID: 34085945 PMCID: PMC8214186 DOI: 10.2196/26006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) is one of the most predictive biometrics for cardiovascular health and overall mortality. However, VO2max is rarely measured in large-scale research studies or routine clinical care because of the high cost, participant burden, and requirement for specialized equipment and staff. OBJECTIVE To overcome the limitations of clinical VO2max measurement, we aim to develop a digital VO2max estimation protocol that can be self-administered remotely using only the sensors within a smartphone. We also aim to validate this measure within a broadly representative population across a spectrum of smartphone devices. METHODS Two smartphone-based VO2max estimation protocols were developed: a 12-minute run test (12-MRT) based on distance measured by GPS and a 3-minute step test (3-MST) based on heart rate recovery measured by a camera. In a 101-person cohort, balanced across age deciles and sex, participants completed a gold standard treadmill-based VO2max measurement, two silver standard clinical protocols, and the smartphone-based 12-MRT and 3-MST protocols in the clinic and at home. In a separate 120-participant cohort, the video-based heart rate measurement underlying the 3-MST was measured for accuracy in individuals across the spectrum skin tones while using 8 different smartphones ranging in cost from US $99 to US $999. RESULTS When compared with gold standard VO2max testing, Lin concordance was pc=0.66 for 12-MRT and pc=0.61 for 3-MST. However, in remote settings, the 12-MRT was significantly less concordant with the gold standard (pc=0.25) compared with the 3-MST (pc=0.61), although both had high test-retest reliability (12-MRT intraclass correlation coefficient=0.88; 3-MST intraclass correlation coefficient=0.86). On the basis of the finding that 3-MST concordance was generalizable to remote settings whereas 12-MRT was not, the video-based heart rate measure within the 3-MST was selected for further investigation. Heart rate measurements in any of the combinations of the six Fitzpatrick skin tones and 8 smartphones resulted in a concordance of pc≥0.81. Performance did not correlate with device cost, with all phones selling under US $200 performing better than pc>0.92. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate the importance of validating mobile health measures in the real world across a diverse cohort and spectrum of hardware. The 3-MST protocol, termed as heart snapshot, measured VO2max with similar accuracy to supervised in-clinic tests such as the Tecumseh (pc=0.94) protocol, while also generalizing to remote and unsupervised measurements. Heart snapshot measurements demonstrated fidelity across demographic variation in age and sex, across diverse skin pigmentation, and between various iOS and Android phone configurations. This software is freely available for all validation data and analysis code.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michael Higgins
- Exercise and Physical Activity Resource Center, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - David Wing
- Exercise and Physical Activity Resource Center, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Euan Ashley
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Valerie E Kelly
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Michael V McConnell
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.,Google Health, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Evan D Muse
- Scripps Research Translational Institute and Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Jeffrey E Olgin
- Division of Cardiology and the Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | | | - Job Godino
- Exercise and Physical Activity Resource Center, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States.,Scripps Research Translational Institute and Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, CA, United States
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Finianos B, Zunquin G, El Hage R. Composite Indices of Femoral Neck Strength in Middle-Aged Inactive Subjects Vs Former Football Players. J Clin Densitom 2021; 24:214-224. [PMID: 32631739 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocd.2020.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare composite indices of femoral neck strength ((compression strength index [CSI], bending strength index [BSI], and impact strength index [ISI]) in inactive middle-aged men (n = 20) and middle-aged former football players (n = 15). 35 middle-aged men participated in this study. Body composition and bone variables were evaluated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Composite indices of femoral neck strength (CSI, BSI, and ISI) were calculated. Handgrip strength, vertical jump, maximum power of the lower limbs (watts), horizontal jump, maximal half-squat strength, maximal bench-press strength, sprint performance (10 meters), and maximum oxygen consumption (VO2 max, ml/min/kg) were evaluated using validated tests. CSI, BSI, and ISI were significantly higher in football players compared to inactive men. Vertical jump, horizontal jump, maximal half-squat strength, VO2 max and sprint performance were significantly different between the 2 groups. CSI, BSI, and ISI remained significantly higher in football players compared to inactive men after adjusting for physical activity level. The current study suggests that former football practice is associated with higher composite indices of femoral neck strength in middle-aged men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boutros Finianos
- Department of Physical Education, Division of Education, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, University of Balamand, Kelhat El-Koura, Lebanon; EA 7369 - URePSSS - unité de recherche pluridisciplinaire sport santé société, Université Littoral Côte d'Opale, France
| | - Gautier Zunquin
- EA 7369 - URePSSS - unité de recherche pluridisciplinaire sport santé société, Université Littoral Côte d'Opale, France; Laboratoire Mouvement, Equilibre, Performance, Santé (MEPS, EA-4445), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, Tarbes, France
| | - Rawad El Hage
- Department of Physical Education, Division of Education, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, University of Balamand, Kelhat El-Koura, Lebanon.
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de Oliveira Tavares VD, Vancampfort D, Hallgren M, Heissel A, Chaparro CGAP, Solmi M, Tempest GD, de Oliveira Neto L, Galvão-Coelho NL, Firth J, Schuch FB. Reliability and validity of physical fitness tests in people with mental disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PHYSIOTHERAPY RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 26:e1904. [PMID: 33772978 DOI: 10.1002/pri.1904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several tests are available to assess the different components of physical fitness, including cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength, and flexibility. However, the reliability and validity of physical fitness tests in people with mental disorders has not been meta-analyzed. AIMS To examine the reliability, concurrent, and convergent validity of physical fitness tests in people with mental disorders. METHODS Studies evaluating the reliability, concurrent, and convergent validity of physical fitness tests in people with mental disorders were searched from major databases until January 20, 2020. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed pooling (1) reliability: test-retest correlations at two-time points, (2) convergent validity between submaximal tests and maximal protocols, or (3) concurrent validity between two submaximal tests. Associations are presented using r values and 95% confidence intervals. Methodological quality was assessed using the Quality Appraisal of Reliability Studies and the Critical Appraisal Tool. RESULTS A total of 11 studies (N = 504; 34% females) were included. Reliability of the fitness tests, produced r values ranging from moderate (balance test-EUROFIT; [r = 0.75 (0.60-0.85); p = 0.0001]) to very strong (explosive leg power EUROFIT; [r = 0.96 (0.93-0.97); p = 0.0001]). Convergent validity between the 6-min walk test (6MWT) and submaximal cardiorespiratory tests was moderate (0.57 [0.26-0.77]; p = 0.0001). Concurrent validity between the 2-min walk test and 6MWT (r = 0.86 [0.39-0.97]; p = 0.0004) was strong. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrates that physical fitness tests are reliable and valid in people with mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vagner Deuel de Oliveira Tavares
- Laboratory of Hormone Measurement, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Davy Vancampfort
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mats Hallgren
- Epidemiology of Psychiatric Conditions, Substance Use and Social Environment (EPiCSS), Global of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andreas Heissel
- Social and Preventive Medicine, Department of Sports and Health Sciences, Intra-faculty Unit "Cognitive Sciences", Faculty of Human Science, and Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Research Area Services Research and e-Health, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | | | - Marco Solmi
- Neurosciences Department, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,Neuroscience Center, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Gavin D Tempest
- Department of Sport, Exercise & Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | | | - Nicole Leite Galvão-Coelho
- Laboratory of Hormone Measurement, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Joseph Firth
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Felipe Barreto Schuch
- Department of Sports Methods and Techniques, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
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Abstract
The 3,000 m run is a frequently used field test for evaluating aerobic fitness. The test has previously been validated using smaller sample sizes and with focus restricted to the correlation between run performance and maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max). The aim of the present study was to generate equations for converting 3,000 m performance into predicted V̇O2max , and present corresponding validity statistics. In total 259 (30 female) military cadets and recruits (18-39 years) participated in the study. The subjects carried out a 3,000 m run and a direct treadmill V̇O2max test. The Pearson r between V̇O2max and average 3,000 m run speed were 0.74 and 0.79 in men and women, respectively. Two V̇O2max prediction equations were generated: (1) Men: Ŷ = 17.5 + 2.57X and (2) Women: Ŷ = 14.6 + 2.48X (X = 3,000 m average run speed in km·h-1). The equations produced a standard error of estimate of 3.3 and 2.6 mL·kg-1·min-1, and limits of agreement of 6.4 and 5.0 mL·kg-1·min-1 in men and women, respectively. The validity of the 3,000 m test is comparable to other indirect maximal running tests and is a time-effective alternative aerobic fitness test in healthy and motivated subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Aandstad
- Section for Military Sport and Training, Norwegian Defense University College, Oslo, Norway
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42
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Vilarinho R, Mendes AR, Gomes M, Ferreira R, Costa F, Machado M, Neves M, Caneiras C, Montes AM. Adapted Chester Step Test Can Have Maximal Response Characteristics for the Assessment of Exercise Capacity in Young Women. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9030308. [PMID: 33802097 PMCID: PMC8000948 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9030308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chester step test (CST) estimates the exercise capacity through a submaximal response, which can limit its application in the prescription of exercise. This study aimed to assess whether an adaptation of the CST (with a progressive profile) can have maximal response characteristics in young women and compare it to the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT). Another aim was to determine its within-day test–retest reliability. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 25 women (20.3 ± 1.5 years) who performed the field tests twice on two different days (48 h apart). The maximal effort attainment was assessed by the heart rate (HR), perception of exertion (Borg scale), and blood lactate concentration. For the performance variables, Pearson’s correlation and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC2,1) were used. In the best test, mean values of maximal response were observed in the adapted CST (94.0 ± 6.5% of age-predicted HRmax, 11.3 ± 4.5 mmol/dl of blood lactate, and 18.4 ± 1.5 of Borg rating). The correlations between the adapted CST and the ISWT were weak to moderate (0.38 ≤ r ≤ 0.55; p < 0.05). Fair to good reliability was found for the adapted CST (ICC2,1 = 0.48–0.61). The adapted CST showed mean values of maximal response, weak to moderate association with the ISWT, and low within-day test–retest reliability in young women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Vilarinho
- Center for Rehabilitation Research (CIR), Department of Physiotherapy, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, School of Health, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal;
- Healthcare Department, Nippon Gases Portugal, 2600-242 Lisbon, Portugal;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-222-061-000
| | - Ana Rita Mendes
- Private Practice, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, School of Health, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (A.R.M.); (M.G.); (R.F.); (F.C.); (M.M.); (M.N.)
| | - Mariana Gomes
- Private Practice, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, School of Health, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (A.R.M.); (M.G.); (R.F.); (F.C.); (M.M.); (M.N.)
| | - Rui Ferreira
- Private Practice, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, School of Health, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (A.R.M.); (M.G.); (R.F.); (F.C.); (M.M.); (M.N.)
| | - Fabíola Costa
- Private Practice, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, School of Health, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (A.R.M.); (M.G.); (R.F.); (F.C.); (M.M.); (M.N.)
| | - Marcela Machado
- Private Practice, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, School of Health, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (A.R.M.); (M.G.); (R.F.); (F.C.); (M.M.); (M.N.)
| | - Márcia Neves
- Private Practice, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, School of Health, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (A.R.M.); (M.G.); (R.F.); (F.C.); (M.M.); (M.N.)
| | - Cátia Caneiras
- Healthcare Department, Nippon Gases Portugal, 2600-242 Lisbon, Portugal;
- Microbiology Research Laboratory on Environmental Health (EnviHealthMicroLab), Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Environmental Health (ISAMB), University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - António Mesquita Montes
- Center for Rehabilitation Research (CIR), Department of Physiotherapy, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, School of Health, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal;
- Department of Physiotherapy, Santa Maria Health School, 4049-024 Porto, Portugal
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43
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Oliveira TMDD, Oliveira CC, Albuquerque VS, Santos MR, Fonseca DS, José A, Malaguti C. Performance, metabolic, hemodynamic, and perceived exertion in the six-minute step test at different heights in a healthy population of different age groups. MOTRIZ: REVISTA DE EDUCACAO FISICA 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-657420210020520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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44
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Dexheimer JD, Brinson SJ, Pettitt RW, Schroeder ET, Sawyer BJ, Jo E. Predicting Maximal Oxygen Uptake Using the 3-Minute All-Out Test in High-Intensity Functional Training Athletes. Sports (Basel) 2020; 8:E155. [PMID: 33266118 PMCID: PMC7760774 DOI: 10.3390/sports8120155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and critical speed (CS) are key fatigue-related measurements that demonstrate a relationship to one another and are indicative of athletic endurance performance. This is especially true for those that participate in competitive fitness events. However, the accessibility to a metabolic analyzer to accurately measure VO2max is expensive and time intensive, whereas CS may be measured in the field using a 3 min all-out test (3MT). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between VO2max and CS in high-intensity functional training (HIFT) athletes. Twenty-five male and female (age: 27.6 ± 4.5 years; height: 174.5 ± 18.3 cm; weight: 77.4 ± 14.8 kg; body fat: 15.7 ± 6.5%) HIFT athletes performed a 3MT as well as a graded exercise test with 48 h between measurements. True VO2max was determined using a square-wave supramaximal verification phase and CS was measured as the average speed of the last 30 s of the 3MT. A statistically significant and positive correlation was observed between relative VO2max and CS values (r = 0.819, p < 0.001). Based on the significant correlation, a linear regression analysis was completed, including sex, in order to develop a VO2max prediction equation (VO2max (mL/kg/min) = 8.449(CS) + 4.387(F = 0, M = 1) + 14.683; standard error of the estimate = 3.34 mL/kg/min). Observed (47.71 ± 6.54 mL/kg/min) and predicted (47.71 ± 5.7 mL/kg/min) VO2max values were compared using a dependent t-test and no significant difference was displayed between the observed and predicted values (p = 1.000). The typical error, coefficient of variation, and intraclass correlation coefficient were 2.26 mL/kg/min, 4.90%, and 0.864, respectively. The positive and significant relationship between VO2max and CS suggests that the 3MT may be a practical alternative to predicting maximal oxygen uptake when time and access to a metabolic analyzer is limited.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shane J. Brinson
- Department of Kinesiology & Biology, Point Loma Nazarene University, San Diego, CA 92106, USA; (S.J.B.); (B.J.S.)
| | - Robert W. Pettitt
- Department of Health Science, Rocky Mountain University of Health Professions, Provo, UT 84606, USA;
| | - E. Todd Schroeder
- Division of Biokinesiology & Physical Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA;
| | - Brandon J. Sawyer
- Department of Kinesiology & Biology, Point Loma Nazarene University, San Diego, CA 92106, USA; (S.J.B.); (B.J.S.)
| | - Edward Jo
- Human Performance Research Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Health Promotion, California State University Pomona, Pomona, CA 91768, USA;
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45
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Bruggeman BS, Vincent HK, Chi X, Filipp SL, Mercado R, Modave F, Guo Y, Gurka MJ, Bernier A. Simple tests of cardiorespiratory fitness in a pediatric population. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238863. [PMID: 32886730 PMCID: PMC7473550 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A progressive, treadmill-based VO2max is the gold standard of cardiorespiratory fitness determination but is rarely used in pediatric clinics due to time requirements and cost. Simpler and shorter fitness tests such as the Squat Test or Step Test may be feasible and clinically useful alternatives. However, performance comparisons of these tests to treadmill VO2max tests are lacking. The primary aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the correlation between Squat and Step Test scores and VO2max in a pediatric population. As secondary outcomes, we calculated correlations between Rated Perceived Exertion Scale (RPE) scores, NIH PROMIS Physical Activity scores, and BMI z-score with VO2max, and we also evaluated the ability of each fitness test to discriminate low and high-risk patients based on the FITNESSGram. Forty children aged 10–17 completed these simple cardiorespiratory fitness tests. Statistically significant correlations were observed between VO2max and the Step Test (r = -0.549) and Squat Test (r = -0.429) scores, as well as participant BMI z-score (r = -0.458). RPE and PROMIS scores were not observed to be correlated with VO2max. Area Under the Receiver Operator Curve was relatively high for BMI z-scores and the Step Test (AUC = 0.813, 0.713 respectively), and lower for the Squat Test (AUC = 0.610) in discriminating risk according to FITNESSGram Scores. In this sample, the Step Test performed best overall. These tests were safe, feasible, and may add great value in assessing cardiorespiratory fitness in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany S. Bruggeman
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Heather K. Vincent
- Division of Research, Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Xiaofei Chi
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Stephanie L. Filipp
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Rebeccah Mercado
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - François Modave
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Yi Guo
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Matthew J. Gurka
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Angelina Bernier
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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46
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Estimating cardiorespiratory fitness from heart rates both during and after stepping exercise: a validated simple and safe procedure for step tests at worksites. Eur J Appl Physiol 2020; 120:2445-2454. [PMID: 32812102 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-020-04457-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Step test protocols are typically based on the heart rate (HR) measured either during exercise or during recovery. This study developed a new step test protocol to estimate maximal oxygen consumption ([Formula: see text]) based on HRs measured during and after exercise, assessed the criterion validity of the model, and evaluated the protocol's test-retest reliability. METHODS The protocol estimates [Formula: see text] from HR measurements made once a minute during 3 min of step exercise and 2 min of recovery. The model was derived using a group of 118 working adults and cross-validated using a second group of 74 working adults. Furthermore, [Formula: see text] was measured using a conventional treadmill test. While multiple regression analyses were used to develop prediction equations for [Formula: see text], intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used to examine test-retest reliability. RESULTS HRs during and after exercise significantly correlated with the measured [Formula: see text]. The highest correlation (r = - 0.61) was for an HR index that combined values of HRs during and after exercise. A model including age, sex, body mass index, and the HR index accounted for 60% of the variance in measured [Formula: see text] (standard error of the estimate, 4.05 mL kg-1 min-1 or 10.5%). Cross-validation analyses demonstrated good stability of the [Formula: see text] prediction models. The ICC for the HR index was 0.65 (0.53-0.74), indicating fair to good reliability. CONCLUSION The HR index, based on a combination of HR measurements during and after stepping exercise, offers a validated [Formula: see text] estimation procedure suitable for use in the workplace.
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47
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Coll F, Hill K, Burrows S, Watson C, Edgar D. Modified Chester Step Test in a Healthy Adult Population: Measurement Properties and Development of a Regression Equation to Estimate Test Duration. Phys Ther 2020; 100:1411-1418. [PMID: 32383770 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzaa088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Healthy working-aged adults performed the modified Chester Step Test (mCST) to (1) determine the effect of repetition on test duration, (2) report cardiorespiratory and symptom responses, (3) establish a regression equation to estimate duration, and (4) calculate the minimal detectable change of the test. METHODS In this observational study conducted in a hospital physical therapy, adult participants aged 25 to 65 years who were healthy performed the mCST twice. This submaximal test required participants to step on and off a 20-cm step at a standardized cadence that increased every 2 minutes. The criteria for test completion were either a heart rate equal to 80% of age-predicted maximum or the onset of intolerable symptoms. The primary measure was time to test completion during the mCST (seconds). Cardiorespiratory and symptom responses were also collected during the mCST. RESULTS A total of 83 participants (40 men, mean [SD] age = 44 [12] years) completed data collection. There was no systematic effect of test repetition with median test duration of the first test (522 seconds, range = 400-631 seconds) and second test (501 seconds, range = 403-631 seconds). The test elicited moderate symptoms of breathlessness and leg fatigue. In the multivariable model, age, sex, weight, and height were retained as significant predictors of test duration (R2 = 0.48). The minimal detectable change was 119 seconds. CONCLUSIONS The mCST is a reliable and valid clinically applicable test of aerobic capacity in working-aged adults. Independent pretest predictors can be used to estimate the clinical time required to complete the test. IMPACT The mCST was stable between test repetitions, suggesting no learning effect. For any given individual, a test duration change of 2 minutes represents change was beyond the natural variability. The mCST has good applicability to clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Coll
- Physiotherapy Department, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kylie Hill
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; and Institute for Respiratory Health, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sally Burrows
- Royal Perth Hospital Medical Research Foundation, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; and University of Western Australia Medical School, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Carol Watson
- Physiotherapy Department, Royal Perth Hospital; and School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health Science, Curtin University
| | - Dale Edgar
- Burns Injury Research Node, The University of Notre Dame Australia, 19 Mouat Street, Fremantle, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; State Adult Burns Unit, Royal Perth Hospital & Fiona Stanley Hospital, Burns Injury Research Unit, University of Western Australia; and Fiona Wood Foundation, Fiona Stanley Hospital
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48
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Powell L, Edwards KM, Bauman A, McGreevy P, Podberscek A, Neilly B, Sherrington C, Stamatakis E. Does dog acquisition improve physical activity, sedentary behaviour and biological markers of cardiometabolic health? Results from a three-arm controlled study. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2020; 6:e000703. [PMID: 32518673 PMCID: PMC7254141 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2019-000703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Dog ownership has been associated with improved cardiometabolic risk factors, including physical activity. Most of the evidence originates from cross-sectional studies or populations with established disease. This study investigated changes in physical activity and other cardiometabolic risk factors following dog acquisition in a sample of 71 community-dwelling adults. Methods Participants self-allocated to three groups: 17 individuals acquired a dog within 1 month of baseline (dog acquisition), 29 delayed dog acquisition until study completion (lagged control) and 25 had no interest in dog acquisition (community control). Self-reported and thigh-worn accelerometer-based physical activity patterns, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, resting heart rate and VO2max were measured three times: baseline, 3 months and 8 months. Data were analysed using repeated measures analysis of covariance with owner age, season, sex and education included as covariates. Post hoc between-group tests were performed where there were significant overall effects (p<0.05). Results We found significant effects in mean daily steps (F(4,64)=3.02, p=0.02) and sit-to-stand transitions (F(4,66)=3.49, p=0.01). The dog acquisition group performed an additional 2589 steps (p=0.004) and 8.2 sit-to-stand transitions (p=0.03) per day at 3 months, although these effects were not maintained at 8 months. We found a significant effect in self-reported weekly walking duration (F(4,130)=2.84, p=0.03) among the lagged control group with an 80 min increase between 3 and 8 months (p=0.04). Other cardiometabolic risk factors were unchanged following dog acquisition. Conclusion Our study provides encouraging results that suggest a positive influence of dog acquisition on physical activity in the short term but larger and more generalisable controlled studies are needed. Trial registration number ACTRN12617000967381.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Powell
- Charles Perkins Centre, Prevention Research Collaboration, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kate M Edwards
- Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Adrian Bauman
- Charles Perkins Centre, Prevention Research Collaboration, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Paul McGreevy
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anthony Podberscek
- Charles Perkins Centre, Sydney School of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Brendon Neilly
- Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Catherine Sherrington
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Emmanuel Stamatakis
- Charles Perkins Centre, Prevention Research Collaboration, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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49
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Douma JAJ, Verdonck-de Leeuw IM, Leemans CR, Jansen F, Langendijk JA, Baatenburg de Jong RJ, Terhaard CHJ, Takes RP, Chinapaw MJ, Altenburg TM, Buffart LM. Demographic, clinical and lifestyle-related correlates of accelerometer assessed physical activity and fitness in newly diagnosed patients with head and neck cancer. Acta Oncol 2020; 59:342-350. [PMID: 31608747 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2019.1675906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Objective measurements of levels of physical activity and fitness in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) are lacking. Furthermore, demographic, clinical and lifestyle-related correlates of low levels of physical activity and fitness in patients with HNC are unknown. This study aims to investigate the levels of accelerometer that assessed physical activity and fitness in patients with HNC and to identify their demographical, clinical and lifestyle-related correlates.Methods: Two hundred and fifty-four patients who were recently diagnosed with HNC and participated in the NETherlands QUality of life and Biomedical cohort studies In head and neck Cancer (NET-QUBIC) study were included. Physical activity (accelerometer), cardiorespiratory fitness (Chester Step Test), hand grip strength (hand dynamometer) and lower body muscle function (30-second chair-stand test) were assessed. Multivariable linear regression analyses with a stepwise forward selection procedure were used.Results: Patients spent 229 min/d in physical activity of which 18 min/d in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. The mean predicted VO2max was 27.9 ml/kg/min, the mean hand grip strength was 38.1 kg and the mean number of standings was 14.3. Patients with lower educational level, more comorbidity and higher tumor stage spent significantly less time in physical activity. Older patients, females and patients with a higher tumor stage had significantly lower cardiorespiratory fitness levels. Older patients, females, patients with more comorbidity, patients with normal weight and patients who have never smoked had significantly lower hand grip strength. Older patients, patients with lower educational level, smokers and patients with more comorbidity had a significantly lower function of lower body muscle.Conclusions: Pre-treatment levels of physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness and lower body muscle function are low in patients with HNC. Based on this study, exercise programs targeted and tailored to patients with low levels of physical activity and fitness can be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. A. J. Douma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - I. M. Verdonck-de Leeuw
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, Section Clinical Psychology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C. R. Leemans
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - F. Jansen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, Section Clinical Psychology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J. A. Langendijk
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - R. J. Baatenburg de Jong
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, ErasmusMC, ErasmusMC Cancer Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C. H. J. Terhaard
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - R. P. Takes
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - M. J. Chinapaw
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - T. M. Altenburg
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - L. M. Buffart
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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50
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Reed JL, Cotie LM, Cole CA, Harris J, Moran B, Scott K, Terada T, Buckley JP, Pipe AL. Submaximal Exercise Testing in Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Settings (BEST Study). Front Physiol 2020; 10:1517. [PMID: 31969825 PMCID: PMC6960105 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study compared changes in measured versus predicted peak aerobic power (V̇O2peak) following cardiovascular rehabilitation (CR). Peak cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) results were compared to four V̇O2peak estimation methods: the submaximal modified Bruce treadmill, Astrand-Ryhming cycle ergometer, and Chester step tests, and the Duke Activity Status Index (DASI). Methods Adults with cardiovascular disease (CVD) who completed a 12-week CR program were assessed at baseline and 12 weeks follow-up. CPET, the DASI and three subsequent submaximal exercise tests were performed in a random order. Results Of the 50 adults (age: 57 ± 11 years) who participated, 46 completed the 12-week CR program and exercise tests. At baseline 69, 68, and 38% of the treadmill, step and cycle tests were successfully completed, respectively. At follow-up 67, 80, and 46% of the treadmill, step and cycle tests were successfully completed, respectively. No severe adverse events occurred. Significant improvements in V̇O2peak were observed with CPET (3.6 ± 5.5 mL.kg–1.min–1, p < 0.001) and the DASI (2.3 ± 4.2 mL.kg–1.min–1, p < 0.001). Bland-Altman plots of the change in V̇O2peak between CPET and the four V̇O2peak estimation methods revealed the following: a proportional bias and heteroscedastic 95% limits of agreement (95% LoA) for the treadmill test, and for the cycle and step tests and DASI, mean bias’ and 95% LoA of 1.0 mL.kg–1.min–1 (21.3, −19.3), 1.4 mL.kg–1.min–1 (15.0, −12.3) and 1.0 mL.kg–1.min–1 (13.8, −11.8), respectively. Conclusion Given the greater number of successful tests, no serious adverse events and acceptable mean bias, the step test appears to be a valid and safe method for assessing group-level mean changes in V̇O2peak among patients in CR. The DASI also appears to be a valid and practical questionnaire. Wide limits of agreement, however, limit their use to predict individual-level changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Reed
- Division of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Lisa M Cotie
- Division of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Christie A Cole
- Division of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer Harris
- Division of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | - Kyle Scott
- Division of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Tasuku Terada
- Division of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - John P Buckley
- Centre for Active Living, University Centre Shrewsbury, Chester, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew L Pipe
- Division of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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