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Vanderstukken F, Spanhove V, Cools A, Borms D. Humeral Torsion in Relation to Shoulder Range of Motion in Elite Field Hockey Players. J Sport Rehabil 2024; 33:340-345. [PMID: 38684206 DOI: 10.1123/jsr.2023-0295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Sport-specific adaptations in shoulder rotation range of motion (ROM) and the relationship with humeral torsion have been described in overhead-throwing sports. However, information is lacking for other shoulder-loading sports such as field hockey. Therefore, this study's purpose was to evaluate humeral torsion in elite, male field hockey players and explore its association with shoulder ROM. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. METHODS Twenty-five male, elite field hockey players were included. Humeral torsion and shoulder external and internal rotation ROM were evaluated bilaterally by ultrasound and an inclinometer smartphone application, respectively. RESULTS Field hockey players showed a significantly increased humeral retroversion on the dominant compared with the nondominant side (P < .001; Cohen d = 1.75), along with a significantly increased external (P = .004; Cohen d = -0.64) and decreased internal rotation ROM (P = .003; Cohen d = 0.65). This finding illustrates a shift in total shoulder rotational ROM arc. Correlation analysis showed a significant moderate association between the increased humeral retroversion and decreased internal rotation ROM on the dominant side (r = .523). CONCLUSIONS Elite male field hockey athletes show sport-specific adaptations regarding humeral torsion and shoulder rotation ROM, similar to throwing athletes. These findings increase our insight into the field hockey athlete's shoulder, which is essential to optimize performance and assist in correctly interpreting shoulder rotational ROM measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fran Vanderstukken
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences (Physiotherapy), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Hospital Ghent, Gent, Belgium
| | - Valentien Spanhove
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences (Physiotherapy), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Hospital Ghent, Gent, Belgium
| | - Ann Cools
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences (Physiotherapy), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Hospital Ghent, Gent, Belgium
| | - Dorien Borms
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences (Physiotherapy), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Hospital Ghent, Gent, Belgium
- Department of Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of Medicine and HealthSciences, University Hospital Ghent, Gent, Belgium
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Hendricks M, Verhagen E, van de Water ATM. Epidemiology, etiology and prevention of injuries in competitive ice speed skating-limited current evidence, multiple future priorities: A scoping review. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2024; 34:e14614. [PMID: 38610079 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Long-track and short-track ice speed skating are integral to the Winter Olympics. The state of evidence-based injury prevention in these sports is unclear. Our goals were to summarize the current scientific knowledge, to determine the state of research, and to highlight future research areas for injury prevention in ice speed skating. We conducted a scoping review, searching all injury and injury prevention studies in competitive ice speed skaters. The six-stage Translating Research into Injury Prevention Practice (TRIPP) framework summarized the findings. The systematic search yielded 1109 citations. Nineteen studies were included, and additional searches yielded another 13 studies, but few had high-quality design. TRIPP stage 1 studies (n = 24) found competition injury rates from 2% to 18% of participants with various injury locations and types. Seasonal prevalence of physical complaints was up to 84% (for back pain) in long- and short-track. Ten studies covered information on TRIPP stage 2, with two small etiological studies linking injuries to functional strength deficits (short-track) and training load (long-track). Questionnaire studies identified various perceived risk factors for injuries but lacked further scientific evidence. Most TRIPP stage 3 studies (five out of eight) focused on developing protective measures, while two studies found short-track helmets performed poorly compared to helmets used in other sports. No study evaluated the efficacy, the intervention context, or the effectiveness (TRIPP stages 4-6) of the measures. Scientific knowledge on injury prevention in ice speed skating is limited. Future research should prioritize high-quality studies on injury epidemiology and etiology in the sports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Hendricks
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health & Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Neuromotor Behavior and Exercise, Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Evert Verhagen
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health & Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander T M van de Water
- School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne/Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
- AdPhysio: Research, Training & Consultancy, Apeldoorn, The Netherlands
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Wilmes E, de Ruiter CJ, van Leeuwen RR, Banning LF, van der Laan D, Savelsbergh GJP. Different Aspects of Physical Load in Small-Sided Field Hockey Games. J Strength Cond Res 2024; 38:e56-e61. [PMID: 37844190 PMCID: PMC10798585 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000004627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Wilmes, E, de Ruiter, CJ, van Leeuwen, RR, Banning, LF, van der Laan, D, and Savelsbergh, GJP. Different aspects of physical load in small-sided field hockey games. J Strength Cond Res 38(2): e56-e61, 2024-Running volumes and acceleration/deceleration load are known to vary with different formats of small-sided games (SSGs) in field hockey. However, little is known about other aspects of the physical load. Therefore, the aim of this study was to gain a more thorough understanding of the total physical load in field hockey SSGs. To that end, 2 different SSGs (small: 5 vs. 5, ∼100 m 2 per player; large: 9 vs. 9, ∼200 m 2 per player) were performed by 16 female elite field hockey athletes. A range of external physical load metrics was obtained using a global navigational satellite system and 3 wearable inertial measurement units on the thighs and pelvis. These metrics included distances covered in different velocity ranges (walk, jog, run, and sprint), mean absolute acceleration/deceleration, Hip Load, and time spent in several physically demanding body postures. The effects of SSG format on these external physical load metrics were assessed using linear mixed models ( p < 0.05). Running volumes in various speed ranges were higher for the large SSG. By contrast, mean absolute acceleration/deceleration and time spent in several demanding body postures were higher for the small SSG. This study shows that changing the SSG format affects different aspects of physical load differently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Wilmes
- Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and
| | - Cornelis J. de Ruiter
- Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and
| | - Rens R. van Leeuwen
- Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and
| | - Lars F. Banning
- Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and
| | | | - Geert J. P. Savelsbergh
- Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and
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van Vliet KE, de Lange J, Brand HS, Lobbezoo F. Orodental injury and mouthguard usage in Dutch and international field hockey. J Clin Exp Dent 2024; 16:e124-e129. [PMID: 38496809 PMCID: PMC10943676 DOI: 10.4317/jced.61200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Mouthguards are used to prevent players from orodental injuries in field hockey. However, such injuries are still a common problem. This study describes the prevalence of orodental injury and the related mouthguard usage in field hockey. Material and Methods A 19-item questionnaire was distributed in the Dutch field hockey competition and at the international Master World Cup. In total, 1213 questionnaires were collected. Standard descriptive statistics were used to describe the samples. Associations between data were determined using the Pearson Chi-Square test. Results The prevalence of orodental injuries during the career of hockey players was 20% in Dutch players, and 29% in international players. Mouthguard usage among Dutch players was 95%, and among international players 88%. There was no significant association between wearing a mouthguard or not with respect to whether or not treatment was requested as a result of an orodental injury (Dutch p=0.43; international p=0.22). Conclusions This study showed that the prevalence of orodental injuries in field hockey are high, while the majority of the players use a 'protective' mouthguard. These results imply that the current mouthguards may not provide enough protection against the forces used in field hockey. Key words:Mouthguard, prevention, sports, dental injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten E van Vliet
- Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. Amsterdam UMC. University of Amsterdam/Academic Centre for Dentistry (ACTA). Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jan de Lange
- Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. Amsterdam UMC. University of Amsterdam/Academic Centre for Dentistry (ACTA). Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Henk S Brand
- Dept. of Oral Biochemistry. Academic Centre for Dentistry (ACTA). University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Frank Lobbezoo
- Dept. of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction. Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA). University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Wilmes E, de Ruiter CJ, Beers LGM, de Koning L, Brink MS, Savelsbergh GJP. New training load metrics in field hockey using inertial measurement units. Eur J Sport Sci 2023; 23:2191-2199. [PMID: 37245222 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2023.2214786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Field hockey players are exposed to high biomechanical loads. These loads often cannot be adequately estimated with global navigational satellite systems (GNSS) since on-field displacements during these movements are often small. Therefore, this study aims to explore the potential of different proxies of biomechanical load in field hockey with use of a simple inertial measurement unit (IMU) system. Sixteen field hockey players performed a range of field hockey specific exercises, including running with stick on the ground, running upright, and different types of shots and passes. All exercises were performed at two different frequencies (i.e. number of actions per minute). A variety of proxies of biomechanical load (time spent with forward tilted pelvis, time spent in lunge position, time spent with flexed thighs, and Hip Load) were obtained using wearable IMUs. In addition, total distance was quantified using a GNSS system. Linear mixed models were constructed to determine the effects of the different exercises and action frequency on all quantified metrics. All metrics increased approximately proportional to the increase in action frequency. Total distance and Hip Load were greatest for the running exercises, but the different types of shots and passes had greater effects on specific on the times spent in the demanding body postures. This shows that these proxies of biomechanical load can be used to estimate field hockey-specific biomechanical loads. The use of these metrics may provide coaches and medical staff with a more complete view of the training load that field hockey players experience.Highlights New proxies of biomechanical load derived with inertial measurement units were used to quantify field hockey specific biomechanical loads.These new biomechanical metrics are complementary to metrics obtained with global navigation satellite systems and increased proportionally to a doubling of the exercise intensity.The presented biomechanical load metrics can help field hockey coaches to achieve a better balance between load and recovery for their players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Wilmes
- Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis J de Ruiter
- Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Leonarda G M Beers
- Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lisa de Koning
- Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michel S Brink
- Center for Human Movement Sciences, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Geert J P Savelsbergh
- Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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King C, Morris-Eyton H. Concussion injury management, perception, and knowledge in amateur field hockey. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE 2023; 35:v35i1a15697. [PMID: 38249769 PMCID: PMC10798600 DOI: 10.17159/2078-516x/2023/v35i1a15697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Field hockey has a high risk for sports-related concussion (SRC) injuries due to the speed and intensity of the game, current rules, field surfaces and equipment composition. Head injuries are the second most common reported injury and up to 75% of SRCs go unreported or undetected. This increases the subsequent injury risk, long-term health consequences and prolonged injury recovery. Objectives This study aimed to examine the prevalence of SRC in hockey players within the Southern Gauteng Hockey Association (SGHA) premier league. Concussion knowledge and attitudes of hockey players, coaches, umpires, and officials were also investigated. Methods A partially mixed sequential dominant status design (QUANT-qual) was used, divided into two phases. In Phase One hockey players, coaches, umpires, and technical officials (n=119) completed a modified RoCKAS-ST questionnaire. In Phase Two, a focus group discussion with umpires (n=3) and interviews with coaches (n=3) were conducted. Results Injuries to the shoulder, neck, head, and face were reported from stick use (n=98); ball use (n=102) and collisions (n=187). Only 19% of hockey players were diagnosed with SRC, indicating that many of these injuries were undetected or not reported. Responses from the focus group discussion and interviews indicated that coaches, umpires, and officials felt they had insufficient knowledge of SRC. Conclusion The recognition and management of on-field injuries require improvement to enhance the injury detection system.
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Affiliation(s)
- C King
- Department of Sport and Movement Studies, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - H Morris-Eyton
- Department of Sport and Movement Studies, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, South Africa
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White ER, McAdams RJ, Roberts KJ, McKenzie LB. Field Hockey-Related Injuries Treated in US Emergency Departments, 2000 to 2020. Clin J Sport Med 2023; 33:533-540. [PMID: 36853906 DOI: 10.1097/jsm.0000000000001137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the epidemiology of field hockey-related injuries of patients aged 6 to 24 years who were treated in US emergency departments from 2000 to 2020. DESIGN The researchers conducted a retrospective analysis using data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS). SETTING The NEISS collects data on recreational activity-related and consumer product-related injuries treated in US Eds. PATIENTS Patients aged 6 to 24 years who were treated for field hockey-related injuries in Eds from 2000 to 2020. INDEPENDENT VARIABLES The researchers analyzed characteristics that included age, body part injured, injury diagnosis, disposition from the ED, injury locale, injury mechanism, contact, and equipment type. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES All cases of field hockey-related injuries were identified using the NEISS product code for field hockey (1295). RESULTS There were an estimated 82 639 (95% CI = 45 536-119 742) field hockey-related injuries for patients aged 6 to 24 years treated in US emergency departments from 2000 to 2020. The rate of field hockey-related injuries per 100 000 population did not significantly change from 7.4 in 2000 to 7.4 in 2011 (slope = 0.048; P = 0.581) but significantly decreased from 7.4 in 2011 to 3.7 in 2019 (slope = -0.40; P = 0.018). As player age increased, the risk of injury due to contact with equipment increased ( 13 years: RR = 0.90; 95% CI = 0.82-0.98, 19-24 years: RR = 1.17; 95% CI = 1.06-1.29). Concussions or traumatic brain injuries accounted for 9.2% of injuries and were most associated with contact with the ball. CONCLUSION Although there was a decrease in the field hockey-related injuries, field hockey remains an important source of injuries for children and young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth R White
- Center for Injury Research and Policy, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Rebecca J McAdams
- Center for Injury Research and Policy, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Kristin J Roberts
- Center for Injury Research and Policy, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Lara B McKenzie
- Center for Injury Research and Policy, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio; and
- Division of Epidemiology, The Ohio State University, College of Public Health, Columbus, Ohio
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Husen M, Burgsmüller L, Burggraf M, Jaeger M, Dudda M, Kauther M. Injuries and Overuse Syndromes in Rink Hockey Players. SPORTVERLETZUNG SPORTSCHADEN : ORGAN DER GESELLSCHAFT FUR ORTHOPADISCH-TRAUMATOLOGISCHE SPORTMEDIZIN 2023; 37:141-147. [PMID: 37524094 DOI: 10.1055/a-2036-8107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Rink Hockey is a high-speed low-contact sport with a widely recognized injury potential. Played with a hard ball by players wearing little or no protective gear, the rates of concussions and head injuries are of high interest. In this study, we reviewed and investigated injuries sustained by 108 German National League rink hockey players. We conducted an epidemiological cross-sectional study to determine sport-specific injuries and injury patterns in female and male rink hockey players. Data were collected by a standardized questionnaire. A total of 108 players participated in the study. The combined rate of injuries were 9.4/1000 athlete exposures. There was no significant difference between injury rates during games and practice. A sexspecific difference was not detected. Head injuries were the most frequent type (20.8 % of all injuries). Concussions made up 7 % of all head injuries with a rate of 0.76/1000 athlete exposure. Ball contact was the cause for 31 % of injuries, while player contact generated 26.2 % of all injuries. High rates of ball-contact-related injuries resulted in time loss and medical consultations. Head injuries were frequent, however did not result in significant time loss as compared to other injuries. The use of protective gear should be recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Husen
- Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Lars Burgsmüller
- Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Manuel Burggraf
- Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marcus Jaeger
- Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marcel Dudda
- Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Max Kauther
- Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
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Tian X, Gao Z, Yin D, Hu Y, Fang B, Li C, Lou S, Rao Z, Shi R. 17beta-estradiol alleviates contusion-induced skeletal muscle injury by decreasing oxidative stress via SIRT1/PGC-1α/Nrf2 pathway. Steroids 2023; 191:109160. [PMID: 36574869 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2022.109160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the role of 17β-estradiol (E2) in the repair of contusion-induced myoinjury in mice and to identify the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS In vivo, contusion protocol was performed for preparing mice myoinjury model, and Injection (i.p.) of 17β-estradiol (E2) or estrogen receptor antagonist ICI 182,780, or ovariectomy (OVX), was used to alter estrogen level of animal models. In vitro, C2C12 myoblasts were treated with H2O2 (oxidative stress inducer), SIRT1 inhibitor EX527, or aromatase inhibitor anastrozole. Serum E2 level was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Muscle damage repair was evaluated by H&E staining and the activities of serum creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). The oxidative stress was estimated by the levels of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA). Western blot was performed to measure the protein expressions of SIRT1, PGC-1α, Nrf2, and HO-1. RESULTS We observed the elevated serum E2 levels and the upregulated oxidative stress in damaged muscle in female mice after contusion-induction. The E2 administration in vivo alleviated contusion-induced myoinjury in OVX mice by reducing CK and LDH activities, suppressing oxidative stress, and enhancing the expression levels of SIRT1, PGC-1α, Nrf2, and HO-1. These effects were inhibited by treatment with an ERα/β antagonist. Moreover, EX527 or anastrozole treatment exacerbated H2O2-induced growth inhibition and oxidative stress, and expression downregulation of SIRT1, PGC-1α, Nrf2, and HO-1 in C2C12 cells in vitro. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that E2 is a positive intervention factor for muscle repair followed contusion-induced myoinjury, through its effects on suppressing oxidative stress via activating the SIRT1/PGC-1α/Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Tian
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, 188 Hengren Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, China
| | - Zelin Gao
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, 188 Hengren Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, China
| | - Danyang Yin
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, 188 Hengren Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Hu
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, 188 Hengren Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, China
| | - Biqing Fang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, 188 Hengren Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, China
| | - Cong Li
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, 188 Hengren Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, China
| | - Shujie Lou
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, 188 Hengren Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhijian Rao
- College of Physical Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rengfei Shi
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, 188 Hengren Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, China.
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Hu C, Du Z, Tao M, Song Y. Effects of Different Hamstring Eccentric Exercise Programs on Preventing Lower Extremity Injuries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2057. [PMID: 36767424 PMCID: PMC9916392 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to investigate the effects and differences of various hamstring eccentric training protocols for the prevention of lower limb injuries, and we further propose a more refined hamstring eccentric training protocol for the prevention of lower limb injuries. A literature search for the effects of hamstring eccentric training on lower extremity sports injuries was conducted using the PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases, and the literature was searched covering the period from the date of the database's creation to 20 August 2022. A meta-analysis of the included literature was performed using R.4.21 for lower extremity injuries, injuries in various parts of the lower extremity, and subgroup analysis for exercise frequency, exercise cycle, and exercise population. A total of 23 randomized controlled trial (RCT) studies were found to be included in the meta-analysis, and 15 of these trials, totaling 14,721 patients, were determined to be included in the overall lower extremity injury prevention effect. The analysis showed that the implementation of a hamstring eccentric training program reduced lower extremity injuries by 28%, and it resulted in a 46% decrease in hamstring injury rate and a 34% decrease in knee injury rate. The subgroup analysis revealed that the frequency of exercise was most significant in the twice-a-week exercise group, that the exercise program was most effective in preventing injuries in the 21-30-week exercise period, and that the program was most effective in preventing injuries in elite athletes and amateur adult athletic populations, compared with adolescents.
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11
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Mathe N, Millard L, Breukelman GJ, Mathunjwa M. Differences in visio-spatial intelligence between non-athletes and netball players. Front Sports Act Living 2023; 5:1109967. [PMID: 36891127 PMCID: PMC9986416 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2023.1109967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
There is conflicting evidence regarding whether athletes have better visio-spatial skills than non-athletes. This gap may result from athletes' superiority in only some visio-spatial abilities (VSS), rather than all areas of vision. The aim of this study was to determine whether there is a significant difference in the visio-spatial intelligence between female netball players (n = 40) and non-athletes (n = 40) when comparing six visual skills (accommodation facility, saccadic eye movement, speed of recognition, peripheral awareness, hand-eye coordination, and visual memory). Following an optometric evaluation, the participants were assessed in six distinct established tests, including the hart near far rock, saccadic eye movement, evasion, accumulator, ball wall toss tests, and flash memory, to evaluate the VSS components of non-athletes and premier league netball players. For five of the six tests, there was a statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05) difference between netball players and non-athletes. Conversely, there is no concrete evidence that netball players have better visual memory than non-athletes (p = 0.277). When compared to non-athletes, netball players have significantly improved accommodation facility (p < .001), saccadic eye movements (p < .001), speed of recognition (p < .001), peripheral awareness (p < .001), and hand-eye coordination (p < .001), but not visual memory (p = 0.277). The findings that netball players perform better on a certain VSS have broad ramifications for theories of sport vision, the optimal way to choose tests, and the creation of VSS testing batteries for specific sports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nonkululeko Mathe
- Department of Human Movement Science, University of Zululand, Kwadlangezwa, South Africa
| | - Lourens Millard
- Department of Human Movement Science, University of Zululand, Kwadlangezwa, South Africa
| | - Gerrit Jan Breukelman
- Department of Human Movement Science, University of Zululand, Kwadlangezwa, South Africa
| | - Musa Mathunjwa
- Department of Human Movement Science, University of Zululand, Kwadlangezwa, South Africa
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Katagiri H, Forster BB, Engebretsen L, An JS, Adachi T, Saida Y, Onishi K, Koga H. Epidemiology of MRI-detected muscle injury in athletes participating in the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games. Br J Sports Med 2022; 57:bjsports-2022-105827. [PMID: 36588405 PMCID: PMC9933160 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2022-105827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Muscle injury is one of the most common injuries occurring at the Olympic Games often with devastating consequences. Epidemiological injury surveillance is recognised by the IOC as essential for injury prevention and management. We aimed to describe the incidence, anatomical location and classification of MRI-detected muscle injuries in athletes who participated in the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games. METHODS Two board-certified orthopaedic surgeons, highly experienced in reviewing MRIs, independently and retrospectively reviewed all MRIs collected at the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games from clinical reports generated by board-certified musculoskeletal radiologists at the IOC Polyclinic. The presence and anatomical site of muscle injuries were classified as: type a: myofascial/peripheral; type b: muscle belly or musculotendinous junction; and type c: injury which extends into the tendon, with reference to the British Athletics Muscle Injury Classification. RESULTS Fifty-nine MRI-detected muscle injuries were seen in 40 male and 19 female athletes. 24 athletes (41%) were unable to fully compete in their event. Fifty-two injuries (88%) involved lower extremity muscles with hamstring muscle injuries most common (32 of 59, 54%). Half of all muscle injuries occurred in athletes participating in athletics (30 of 59, 51%). 21 athletes (35%) sustained type a injuries, 14 athletes (24%) type b injuries and 24 athletes (41%) type c injuries. Of athletes with type c injuries, 18 (75%) did not complete their competition, a rate significantly higher than types a and b (OR 14.50, 95% CI 4.0 to 51.9, p<0.001). CONCLUSION For athletes sustaining muscle injuries during the Olympic Games, our study demonstrates the prognostic relevance of muscle injury anatomical site and severity for predicting completion or non-completion of an Olympic athlete's competition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Katagiri
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Koshigaya, Saitama, Japan
| | - Bruce B Forster
- Department of Radiology, The University of British Columbia Faculty of Medicine, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lars Engebretsen
- Orthopedic Clinic, Oslo University Hospital and Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jae-Sung An
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuya Adachi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukihisa Saida
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Onishi
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hideyuki Koga
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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13
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van Vliet KE, Brand HS, Lobbezoo F, de Lange J. Knowledge about the emergency management of dental injuries among field hockey coaches. Dent Traumatol 2022; 38:526-531. [PMID: 35802850 PMCID: PMC9796458 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Field hockey is frequently associated with oro-dental injuries. In such acute situations, appropriate management of the injury by coaches can contribute to a better clinical outcome and prognosis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge of hockey coaches in the Netherlands about the emergency management of dental injuries. MATERIAL AND METHODS A 25-item questionnaire about the prevalence and management of oro-dental injuries was distributed amongst hockey coaches in the Netherlands. A sub-analysis was done regarding the knowledge on the management of dental injuries by using a 5-point scoring system. RESULTS Two hundred and six hockey coaches participated in this survey. A small majority (53%) of the coaches knew the treatment of choice in the event of a permanent tooth injury. The median score of coaches' knowledge regarding management of oro-dental injuries was 3.0 (2.0-4.0) points. Coaches with a (para)medical training/occupation, and coaches with >10 years of experience had significantly higher scores compared with the other groups (p < .01 and p = .03, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The knowledge level of hockey coaches in the Netherlands about oro-dental injuries needs to be improved, as many coaches are not aware of the appropriate first aid measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten E. van Vliet
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Amsterdam UMCUniversity of Amsterdam/Academic Centre for Dentistry (ACTA)AmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Henk S. Brand
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry (ACTA)University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Frank Lobbezoo
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA)University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Jan de Lange
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Amsterdam UMCUniversity of Amsterdam/Academic Centre for Dentistry (ACTA)AmsterdamThe Netherlands
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14
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Rees H, Persson UM, Delahunt E, Boreham C, Blake C. Winter breaks in field hockey. J Sci Med Sport 2022; 25:911-917. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2022.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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15
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Sánchez-Migallón V, López-Samanes Á, Del Coso J, Navandar A, Aagaard P, Moreno-Pérez V. Effects of consecutive days of matchplay on maximal hip abductor and adductor strength in female field hockey players. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2022; 14:3. [PMID: 34980243 PMCID: PMC8725242 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-021-00394-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of two competitive field hockey matches, played on consecutive days, on maximal isometric hip adductor and abductor strength, wellness and fatigue.
Methods Fourteen professional female field hockey players (age: 20.4 ± 5.4 years; body mass: 60.7 ± 7.2 kg; height: 167.0 ± 1.0 cm) volunteered to participate in this investigation. Maximal isometric hip adductor and abductor strength were obtained before (pre-match 1) and after the first match (post-match 1), after the second match (post-match 2), and 48 h after the second match. Locomotion patterns during the matches were obtained with portable Global Positioning System (GPS) and perceived exertion (RPE) was assessed after each match. In addition, Wellness Questionnaire (5-WQ) and the Total Quality Recovery Scale (TQR) were employed before the matches and 48 h after the second match. Results For the non-dominant limb, the maximal isometric hip adductor and abductor strength were lower after post-match 2 when compared to pre-match 1 (p = 0.011). Hip abductor strength in the non-dominant limb remained reduced 48 h after post-match 2 (p < 0.001). There were no differences in the total distance covered when comparing match 1 and match 2. Players reported more acute fatigue (5-WQ, p = 0.009) and increased muscle soreness on pre-match 2 compared to pre-match 1 (p = 0.015), while fatigue returned to pre-competition levels 48 h after post-match 2 (p = 0.027). No changes were observed in the TQR. Conclusion The assessment of maximal adductor and abductor strength before and after competitive matches, in addition to evaluating self-perceived fatigue by a wellness questionnaire can help to identify field hockey players with excessive fatigue responses during tournaments with a congested match program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violeta Sánchez-Migallón
- Exercise Physiology Group, School of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223, Madrid, Spain
| | - Álvaro López-Samanes
- Exercise Physiology Group, School of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Juan Del Coso
- Centre for Sport Studies, Rey Juan Carlos University, Fuenlabrada, Spain
| | - Archit Navandar
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain
| | - Per Aagaard
- Research Unit for Muscle Physiology and Biomechanics, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Víctor Moreno-Pérez
- Center for Translational Research in Physiotherapy, Department of Pathology and Surgery, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche, San Juan, Spain
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16
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Stanbouly D, Richardson J, Richardson N, Reynolds RM, Recker MJ, Bass K, Chuang SK. Which Sport Is More Dangerous: Ice Hockey or Field Hockey? A Review of the Head and Neck Injuries Associated With the Two Sports. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2021; 80:859-868. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2021.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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17
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Pereira N, Burgess TL, Corten L. Injury incidence and burden during senior inter-provincial field hockey tournaments. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE 2021; 33:v33i1a11832. [PMID: 36816907 PMCID: PMC9924515 DOI: 10.17159/2078-516x/2021/v33i1a11832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Field hockey is an Olympic sport played internationally and in which South Africa is a participating nation. It also has its own world cup. Few injury studies have been published on South African field hockey. Research efforts should increase within the sport to ensure safe participation and mitigate the inherent injury risks. Objectives The objective of the study was to attend the male and female inter-provincial field hockey tournaments in South Africa and determine the incidence of injury and burden of acquired sport injuries (time-loss and medical attention). Methods A quantitative, descriptive, longitudinal study, including 133 females and 139 males, was conducted. Participants completed baseline questionnaires prior to the tournament and post-match questionnaires detailing injuries during the tournament. Results The recorded injuries were 77.9 (females) and 99.5 (males) per 1 000 player match hours. Medical attention was 51.9 (females) and 70.3 (males) injuries per 1 000 player match hours. The result for time-loss injuries was 4.3 (females) and 7.5 (males) injuries per 1 000 player match hours. Discussion The study found high incidence rates of all injuries and medical attention injuries; however, the incidence of time-loss injuries was low in comparison to existing literature. Comparing current results to existing literature is challenging due to the heterogeneity of methodologies and injury definitions in field hockey research. Conclusion This was the largest observational study in field hockey conducted in South Africa. The international sporting body should establish a consensus for future research and the South African Hockey Association explore long-term surveillance in South Africa to mimic similar national codes.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Pereira
- Division of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - TL Burgess
- Division of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa,Centre for Medical Ethics and Law, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - L Corten
- Division of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, University of Brighton, United Kingdom
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18
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Cairo AL, Räisänen AM, Shill I, Black AM, Emery CA. High Injury and Concussion Rates in Female Youth Team Sport: An Opportunity for Prevention. Int J Sports Med 2021; 43:608-615. [PMID: 34781391 DOI: 10.1055/a-1697-2195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate sport-related injury rates, types, locations, and mechanisms in female youth team sports.This was a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional study. An anonymous online survey was administered to high school students (ages 14-19) in Canada. The survey included questions regarding demographic information, sport participation and self-reported injuries sustained in the past year. Results were analyzed for girls who reported playing a top ten team sports for female participation. For girls participating in team sports, the overall injury rate was 55.5 injuries/100 participants/year. The rate of at least one concussion was 9.4 concussions/100 participants/year. Injury and concussion rates were highest in ringette (Injury rate=42.9 injuries/100 participants/year, Concussion rate=19.0 concussions/100 participants/year) and rugby (Injury rate=40.0, Concussion rate=15.3). The top three most serious injury locations were the knee (24.7%), ankle (21.6%) and head (16.1%). The most common injury types were joint/ligament sprain (26.71%), fracture (13.0%) and concussion (11.8%). Contact mechanisms accounted for 73.4% of all serious injuries reported in girls team sports.Team sport injury rates are high in female youth team sports. Specific consideration of sport-specific injury rates, types and mechanisms in girls' team sports will inform development and evaluation of targeted sport-specific prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis L Cairo
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Anu M Räisänen
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.,Department of Physical Therapy Education, College of Health Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Lebanon, United States
| | - Isla Shill
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.,Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Amanda M Black
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.,Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.,O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - C A Emery
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.,Pediatrics and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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19
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Coetzee D, Coetzee FF, Schall R, Sinclair C. Gluteal muscle activation during rehabilitation exercises in female field hockey players. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOTHERAPY 2021; 77:1578. [PMID: 34859159 PMCID: PMC8603190 DOI: 10.4102/sajp.v77i1.1578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Field hockey, a team sport played by both men and women at both recreational and professional levels, requires maintaining a forward flexed posture putting stress on the lumbar spine. Hence, it is necessary to assess the muscles supporting the lumbar spine, especially those surrounding the hip, to inform strengthening exercises for this population. OBJECTIVES To establish the best body weight rehabilitation exercises shown to produce high muscle activation (≥ 61%MVIC - maximal voluntary isometric contraction) for both the gluteus maximus (Gmax) and medius (Gmed) muscles. Four exercises fell into this category. METHOD Surface electromyography (sEMG) was used to record the muscle activation of Gmax and Gmed of four body weight rehabilitation exercises in 26 high-performance female field hockey players. The %MVIC activation data of both Gmax and Gmed were analysed using a three-way ANOVA. RESULTS The single-leg squat generated the highest %MVIC activation of both Gmax (125.65%MVIC) and Gmed (126.30%MVIC). The only statistically significant difference for Gmax was between the single-leg squat and plank with hip extension (p = 0.0487). No statistically significant difference was observed for Gmed between the four body weight rehabilitation exercises (p = 0.6285). CONCLUSION The four exercises generated similar %MVIC activation levels. The single-leg squat produced the highest observed %MVIC of Gmax and Gmed in high-performance female field hockey players and is, therefore, recommended. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Implementation of the findings could result in benefits during prehabilitation, injury prevention programmes and the later stages of rehabilitation for high-performance female field hockey players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daretha Coetzee
- Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Frederik F. Coetzee
- Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Robert Schall
- Department of Mathematical Statistics and Actuarial Science, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Colleen Sinclair
- Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
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20
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Theilen TM, Mueller-Eising W, Bettink PW, Rolle U. Video Analysis of Acute Injuries in Elite Field Hockey. Clin J Sport Med 2021; 31:448-452. [PMID: 32032161 DOI: 10.1097/jsm.0000000000000785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE With this study, we aim to determine the value of video assessment of acute injuries in field hockey. DESIGN Retrospective video analysis for acute injuries. SETTING Professional field hockey. PARTICIPANTS Seven women and men's field hockey tournaments (World League, Champions Trophy) in 2015. INTERVENTIONS Not applicable. OUTCOME MEASURES An injury was defined as any new musculoskeletal complaint leading to time stoppage and medical attention. The outcome measures were time at play, location on the pitch, type of injury, injured body part, and injury mechanism. RESULTS A total of 190 injuries occurred in 179 matches (55/73 female and 135/106 male matches). There were 0.75 injuries per match for women [confidence interval (CI, 0.31-1.13)] and 1.27 injuries per match for men (CI, 0.88-1.61). The number of injuries per 1000 player match hours was 34.20 for women (CI, 14.04-51.29) and 57.89 for men (CI, 29.78-73.12). The highest injury frequency occurred within the third quarter and within the circle. Contusion was the most common injury type (90.9% in women and 96.3% in men). The leading causes of injuries were hits by the ball or stick and collisions with another player. The head/face was the most affected body part in both sex groups (32.7% in women and 29.6% in men). CONCLUSIONS Video analysis revealed data on injury incidence within the same range of previous reports in elite field hockey. Its advantages, such as slow motion and repetitive play of injury scenes, could contribute valuable information if incorporated into the injury recording process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till-Martin Theilen
- Department of Paediatric Surgery and Paediatric Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany ; and
| | - Wiebke Mueller-Eising
- Fédération Internationale de Hockey (FIH), Health and Safety Panel, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Peter W Bettink
- Fédération Internationale de Hockey (FIH), Health and Safety Panel, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Udo Rolle
- Department of Paediatric Surgery and Paediatric Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany ; and
- Fédération Internationale de Hockey (FIH), Health and Safety Panel, Lausanne, Switzerland
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21
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Rees H, McCarthy Persson U, Delahunt E, Boreham C, Blake C. The incidence of injury in male field hockey players: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Phys Ther Sport 2021; 52:45-53. [PMID: 34411811 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2021.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Few studies have investigated injury incidence in field hockey. The aim of this systematic review was to determine the incidence and characteristics of injury in male field hockey athletes. DESIGN Prognosis systematic review with meta-analysis. LITERATURE SEARCH MEDLINE via PubMed; EMBASE via Ovid; CINAHL via EBSCO; SPORTDiscus; and Web of Science were searched. STUDY SELECTION CRITERIA Prospective studies and retrospective studies employing video analysis, written in English and published in peer-reviewed journals, expressing the incidence of injury in male field hockey athletes were included. Studies must have been of a duration of a minimum one season or one tournament. Studies were screened by two authors, assessing the eligibility of each record. Following selection of the studies, data were extracted by the two authors. DATA SYNTHESIS Levels of heterogeneity were assessed in aggregate data using the I2 statistic. RESULTS In total, 1722 records were identified. Twelve studies were included in the review. Injury incidence ranged from 4.5 to 57.9/1000h (I2 = 98.5%). Nine studies were undertaken in tournament settings, with the remaining three conducted in club-based athletes in season-long settings. When a medical attention definition was used, there was a pooled incidence rate of 48.1/1000h, all in tournament studies. Contusions and muscle strains were the most frequently reported injury types, while the lower limb was the most common site of injury. Contact injuries were most common in tournament-based studies, while non-contact was more common in season-long studies. CONCLUSION Prospective, season-long epidemiological studies investigating injury incidence in field hockey are lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huw Rees
- Institute for Sport and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sport Science, University College Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Ulrik McCarthy Persson
- Institute for Sport and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sport Science, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eamonn Delahunt
- Institute for Sport and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sport Science, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Colin Boreham
- Institute for Sport and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sport Science, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Catherine Blake
- Institute for Sport and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sport Science, University College Dublin, Ireland
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22
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Kompel A, Haran PH, Murakami AM, Engebretsen L, Jarraya M, Roemer F, Guermazi A. MRI-Detected Knee Ligament Sprains and Associated Internal Derangement in Athletes Competing at the Rio de Janeiro 2016 Summer Olympics. Open Access J Sports Med 2021; 12:23-32. [PMID: 33727869 PMCID: PMC7955024 DOI: 10.2147/oajsm.s292763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Describe the frequency and severity of knee ligament sprains diagnosed by MRI in athletes participating at the 2016 Summer Olympic Games, their association with certain sports and assess correlations with additional knee structural injury. Patients and Methods All knee MRIs performed in the Olympic Village and polyclinics during the 2016 Olympics were retrospectively, blindly reviewed for ligament sprains and associated knee injuries. In addition to the absence or presence of these abnormalities, athletes were stratified by age, gender and sport. Results 11,274 athletes participated in the 2016 Olympic Games: 113 athletes received at least one knee MRI with some having bilateral or repeat MRI on the same knee. Anterior cruciate and medial collateral ligament (ACL/MCL) sprains were most common, accounting for 32 of the 43 sprains (74.4%). Wrestling (10), hockey (7), athletics (7), and judo (5) accounted for over half of ligament sprains. ACL sprains showed a significant positive correlation with medial, lateral meniscal tears and bone contusions. The positive correlation between posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) sprains with MCL/lateral collateral ligament sprain, and popliteus tendon tear was statistically significant with 50% of total PCL sprains occurring in hockey. When athletes were stratified by gender, ligament sprains had a similar occurrence and distribution between men and women. Conclusion Knee ligament sprains, at the Rio 2016 Games, were most common in wrestling, hockey, athletics and judo with ACL and MCL sprains most frequent. Meniscal tears and bone contusions occurred often with ACL sprains. PCL sprains tended to be multi-ligamentous injuries. Sustained ligament sprains had similar occurrence between genders, while men had a peak incidence of sprains at a younger age and women at an older age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Kompel
- Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Prashanth H Haran
- Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Akira M Murakami
- Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lars Engebretsen
- Medical and Scientific Department, International Olympic Committee, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mohamed Jarraya
- Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frank Roemer
- Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Radiology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, & Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ali Guermazi
- Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Radiology, VA Boston Health System, Boston, MA, USA
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23
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Landels B, Studies BH. Structural Integration Case Report: a Global Intervention Challenging the Limitations of Local Rehabilitation. Int J Ther Massage Bodywork 2021; 14:39-48. [PMID: 33654505 PMCID: PMC7892333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conventional rehabilitation for musculoskeletal injuries post-surgery is generally site-specific and aims to return the person to 'normal' function. Commonly, conventional treatment focuses locally and little or no attention is given to comorbidities, other symptoms, postural compensations, or adaptations either pre-existing or resulting from the injury. Structural Integration (SI) is a manual therapy applied to and focusing on fascial continuities throughout the whole body. This case report explores SI as a global, whole-body intervention for rehabilitation. PURPOSE To examine the effects of a whole-body approach that addresses local and global symptoms following ankle surgery. METHODS The Anatomy Trains Structural Integration (ATSI formerly KMI) 12-series protocol was applied and a selection of outcome measures were used to track progress and assess the efficacy of SI. Ankle mobility and function was assessed primarily using Weight-Bearing Lunge Test and Lower Extremity Functional Scale. Local pain was reported using the McGill Pain Questionnaire. General well-being was evaluated using subjective questioning and the WHO Quality of Life Questionnaire. RESULTS Local results included increased mobility and function to affected leg, and reduced pain and swelling. Global results included an improvement in physical and psychological well-being, with the reduction of pain and dysfunction in other areas. CONCLUSION This case report demonstrates global benefits of a whole-body approach when structural integration is applied during rehabilitation. More clinical research that includes SI is needed to determine if the local and global results shown in this case study can be demonstrated in additional rehabilitation populations.
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Abstract
The epidemiology of any given topic sometimes is overlooked. This is true particularly with sports physicians and sports injuries. The identification of sports-specific injury patterns by collection and examination of data can help prevent injuries. Thus, as a physician involved in any sport, it is essential to have this knowledge because understanding it and imparting it may allow a valuable contribution to the health and safety of the athletes and success of the teams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher W Hodgkins
- Miami Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Institute, 1150 Campo Sano Avenue, Miami, FL 33146, USA.
| | - Nicholas A Wessling
- Lenox Hill Hospital, 159 East 74th Street, 2nd Floor, New York, NY 10021, USA
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Does the Minerals Content and Osmolarity of the Fluids Taken during Exercise by Female Field Hockey Players Influence on the Indicators of Water-Electrolyte and Acid-Basic Balance? Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020505. [PMID: 33557019 PMCID: PMC7913615 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although it is recognized that dehydration and acidification of the body may reduce the exercise capacity, it remains unclear whether the qualitative and quantitative shares of certain ions in the drinks used by players during the same exertion may affect the indicators of their water–electrolyte and acid–base balance. This question was the main purpose of the publication. The research was carried out on female field hockey players (n = 14) throughout three specialized training sessions, during which the players received randomly assigned fluids of different osmolarity and minerals contents. The water–electrolyte and acid–base balance of the players was assessed on the basis of biochemical blood and urine indicators immediately before and after each training session. There were statistically significant differences in the values of all examined indicators for changes before and after exercise, while the differences between the consumed drinks with different osmolarities were found for plasma osmolality, and concentrations of sodium and potassium ions and aldosterone. Therefore, it can be assumed that the degree of mineralization of the consumed water did not have a very significant impact on the indicators of water–electrolyte and acid–base balance in blood and urine.
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26
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Theilen TM, Green M, Mueller-Eising W, Rolle U. Incidence of penalty corner injuries in international field hockey. Res Sports Med 2020; 30:193-202. [PMID: 33336586 DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2020.1862842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Field hockey penalty corners (PCs) put players at potential risk for injuries. This study evaluated the incidence of PC-related injuries with special regards to head injuries. Video sequences provided by the Fédération Internationale de Hockey (FIH) of 295 matches in 11 elite field hockey tournaments (2015-2016) were analysed for overall injuries and PC-related injuries in detail. In total, 13.9% of all match injuries (49/352 injuries) occurred in relation to a PC, accounting for 7.1 PC-related injuries per 1000 player match hours (95% CI 4.4-9.9). There were 11 head injuries afflicting six defenders and five attackers. One head injury was related to a direct hit by a ball (drag flick). This study provides the first data on PC-related injuries in elite field hockey. The recorded numbers and mechanisms of PC-related injuries should be used as a baseline for further studies and potential rule adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till-Martin Theilen
- Department of Paediatric Surgery and Paediatric Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt/M., Germany
| | - Michael Green
- Health and Safety Committee, Fédération Internationale de Hockey (FIH), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Wiebke Mueller-Eising
- Health and Safety Committee, Fédération Internationale de Hockey (FIH), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Udo Rolle
- Department of Paediatric Surgery and Paediatric Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt/M., Germany.,Health and Safety Committee, Fédération Internationale de Hockey (FIH), Lausanne, Switzerland
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27
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Levi A, Theilen TM, Rolle U. Injury surveillance in elite field hockey: a pilot study of three different recording techniques. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2020; 6:e000908. [PMID: 33304606 PMCID: PMC7704285 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2020-000908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective In field hockey, injuries are assessed by various recording techniques leading to a heterogenic collection of poorly comparable injury data. Methods Injury data were prospectively collected at the 2016 Men’s Hockey Junior World Cup using the match injury reports (MIRs), video injury clips provided by the Fédération Internationale de Hockey, and daily medical reports (DMRs). A pilot study comparing injury type, mechanism, location on the field, injured body part and overall injury incidence among the different injury recording techniques was performed. Results MIRs and video injury clips were completely available for analysis. DMRs were returned from 11 out of 16 teams (69%). In total, MIRs yielded 28, video analysis 36, and DMRs 56 injuries. Overall injury rate varied between 24.8 and 57.9 injuries per 1000 player match hours. The majority of injuries affected the lower limbs by all three methods (41.7–61.2%) and were mainly caused by having been hit by the ball (20.4–50%) or stick (11.1–28.6%). Reports of concussions during competition were incoherent between MIR (2 cases) and DMR (no cases). The DMR was the only method to record overuse injuries (16.1%), injuries in training (12.5%), and time-loss injuries of one or two days (12.5%) or of three or more days (14.3%). Conclusion Injury data vary substantially between the MIR, DMR and injury video recording technique. Each recording technique revealed specific strengths and limitations. To further advance injury research in field hockey, the strengths of each recording technique should be brought together for a synergistic injury assessment model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Levi
- Department of Paediatric Surgery and Paediatric Urology, University Hospital of the Goethe-University, Frankfurt/M, Germany
| | - Till-Martin Theilen
- Department of Paediatric Surgery and Paediatric Urology, University Hospital of the Goethe-University, Frankfurt/M, Germany
| | - Udo Rolle
- Department of Paediatric Surgery and Paediatric Urology, Hospital of the Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
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28
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Husen M, Burgsmüller L, Burggraf M, Jäger M, Dudda M, Kauther M. Injuries and Overuse Syndromes in Rink Hockey Players. Int J Sports Med 2020; 42:132-137. [PMID: 32854123 DOI: 10.1055/a-1212-0780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Rink Hockey is a high-speed low-contact sport with a widely recognized injury potential. Played with a hard ball by players wearing little or no protective gear, the rates of concussions and head injuries are of high interest. In this study, we reviewed and investigated injuries sustained by 108 German National League rink hockey players. We conducted an epidemiological cross-sectional study to determine sport-specific injuries and injury patterns in female and male rink hockey players. Data were collected by a standardized questionnaire. A total of 108 players participated in the study. The combined rate of injuries were 9.4/1000 athlete exposures. There was no significant difference between injury rates during games and practice. A sex-specific difference was not detected. Head injuries were the most frequent type (20.8% of all injuries). Concussions made up 7% of all head injuries with a rate of 0.76/1000 athlete exposure. Ball contact was the cause for 31% of injuries, while player contact generated 26.2% of all injuries. High rates of ball-contact-related injuries resulted in time loss and medical consultations. Head injuries were frequent, however did not result in significant time loss as compared to other injuries. The use of protective gear should be recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Husen
- Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Lars Burgsmüller
- Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Manuel Burggraf
- Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marcus Jäger
- Chair of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University of Duisburg-Essen Department of Orthopaedics, Trauma & Reconstructive Surgery, St. Marien Hospital Mülheim/Contilia
| | - Marcel Dudda
- Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Max Kauther
- Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
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29
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Rees H, McCarthy Persson U, Delahunt E, Boreham C, Blake C. Epidemiology of injuries in senior men's field hockey: A two-season prospective observational injury surveillance study. J Sports Sci 2020; 38:2842-2849. [PMID: 32734831 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2020.1802094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Determining the rate and severity of injuries incurred through sport is accepted as the primary step towards designing, implementing and evaluating injury prevention programmes. The aim of this study was to determine the injury incidence rate and characteristics of male field hockey athletes participating in the Irish Hockey League. Athletes from eight field hockey teams were assigned to an online reporting system, where they logged injuries as they were incurred. Injuries were defined as any physical complaint. Coaches and physiotherapists were contacted weekly to corroborateinjuries. Overall 323 injuries were reported across 34,449 exposure hours, giving rise to an incidence rate of 9.4/1000 h. On average, athletes sustained one injury over the course of two seasons. Muscle strains, pain and contusions were the most common types of injury, while the hamstring, knee and hip/groin were the most frequently reported locations. While 66.9% of injuries occurred through non-contact mechanisms, contact injuries were also common. Injury recurrences accounted for 16.1% of injuries. In conclusion, the incidence of injury in field hockey is high, occurring from a variety of mechanisms. Future injury prevention strategies should prioritise injuries to the hamstring, knee and ankle, and be specific to particular playing positions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huw Rees
- Institute for Sport and Health, University College Dublin, Belfield , Dublin, Ireland.,School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sport Science, University College Dublin , Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ulrik McCarthy Persson
- Institute for Sport and Health, University College Dublin, Belfield , Dublin, Ireland.,School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sport Science, University College Dublin , Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eamonn Delahunt
- Institute for Sport and Health, University College Dublin, Belfield , Dublin, Ireland.,School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sport Science, University College Dublin , Dublin, Ireland
| | - Colin Boreham
- Institute for Sport and Health, University College Dublin, Belfield , Dublin, Ireland.,School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sport Science, University College Dublin , Dublin, Ireland
| | - Catherine Blake
- Institute for Sport and Health, University College Dublin, Belfield , Dublin, Ireland.,School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sport Science, University College Dublin , Dublin, Ireland
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30
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McNeel C, Clark GM, Davies CB, Major BP, Lum JAG. Concussion incidence and time-loss in Australian football: A systematic review. J Sci Med Sport 2020; 23:125-133. [PMID: 31722842 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2019.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Australian football is associated with a risk of concussion. However, despite the extensive and varied nature of literature devoted to this issue, concussion incidence has not been systematically evaluated. To address this, we aimed to conduct a meta-analysis of concussion incidence in Australian football. DESIGN Systematic review. Prospero registration number: CRD42017064290. METHODS A systematic search of 14 databases using the terms 'concussion', and 'Australian football' (and variations) was used to obtain records that reported concussion incidence per 1000 players hours across age, sex, and level-of-play. Data were grouped based on how time-loss was applied to the concussion definition. RESULTS Forty-two studies met inclusion criteria. Incidence rates based on a possible time-loss definition per 1000 player hours, ranged from 2.24 to 17.63 at the elite level, and 0.35 to 14.77 at the community/amateur level. Return-to-play details were reported by six studies and only two studies measured head-impacts in real-time. Several limitations were identified with this literature. First, insufficient return-to-play details precluded a meta-analysis of incidence rates. Second, no longitudinal studies across levels-of-play were found. Third, concussion incidence data for junior and female players were notably scarce. CONCLUSIONS There was limited scope to determine concussion burden (i.e., incidence and severity) and only preliminary data for player exposure to head-impacts. To address these limitations, injury surveillance should capture sufficient information to permit comparisons within and across levels-of-play. This will also help determine the influence of interventions aimed at reducing the frequency and severity of concussive-injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire McNeel
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia.
| | - Gillian M Clark
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| | - Charlotte B Davies
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| | - Brendan P Major
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| | - Jarrad A G Lum
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
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31
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Rees H, Shrier I, McCarthy Persson U, Delahunt E, Boreham C, Blake C. Transient injuries are a problem in field hockey: A prospective one‐season cohort study. TRANSLATIONAL SPORTS MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/tsm2.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huw Rees
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science University College Dublin Dublin Ireland
- Institute for Sport and Health University College Dublin Dublin Ireland
| | - Ian Shrier
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology Lady Davis Institute McGill University Montréal QC Canada
| | - Ulrik McCarthy Persson
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science University College Dublin Dublin Ireland
- Institute for Sport and Health University College Dublin Dublin Ireland
| | - Eamonn Delahunt
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science University College Dublin Dublin Ireland
- Institute for Sport and Health University College Dublin Dublin Ireland
| | - Colin Boreham
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science University College Dublin Dublin Ireland
- Institute for Sport and Health University College Dublin Dublin Ireland
| | - Catherine Blake
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science University College Dublin Dublin Ireland
- Institute for Sport and Health University College Dublin Dublin Ireland
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32
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Aikman JN, Arnold GP, Nasir S, Wang WW, Abboud R. Effect of ball position on the risk of injury to the lower limb joints during the hockey sweep pass in women. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2019; 5:e000582. [PMID: 31548906 PMCID: PMC6733332 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2019-000582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to determine if ball position influences the risk of lower limb non-contact injury in hockey sweep pass. It also aimed to determine a ball position that minimises excessive strain placed on the lower limb joints of the lead leg during the sweep pass. Methods A cohort of 18 female hockey-playing volunteers (age: 19.7±1.5 years; height: 165.5±5.4 cm; body mass: 66.4±7.0 kg) were recruited. Participants performed the sweep pass using three different ball positions: in front, in line with, and behind the heel of the lead (left) foot. Motion analysis and force plate data were collected. Moments and angles in all three planes of motion for the three main lower limb joints were then calculated using Vicon software. Results were statistically analysed using SPSS software. Results Significant differences (p<0.05) were found between the three tested ball positions for the mean maximum angles and moments, and mean ranges of motion produced at the lead three main lower limb joints. Positioning the ball in line with the heel of the lead foot resulted in the lowest moments and angles when compared with the other two ball positions. Conclusions The results indicate that positioning the ball in line with the heel of the lead foot is recommended to minimise the risk of injury to the lower limb joints during the hockey sweep pass. It is hoped that these findings will result in this position being implemented by players new to hockey or those returning to the sport following injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine N Aikman
- Institute of Motion Analysis & Research (IMAR), Department of Orthopaedic & Trauma Surgery, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Graham P Arnold
- Institute of Motion Analysis & Research (IMAR), Department of Orthopaedic & Trauma Surgery, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Sadiq Nasir
- Institute of Motion Analysis & Research (IMAR), Department of Orthopaedic & Trauma Surgery, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Weijie W Wang
- Institute of Motion Analysis & Research (IMAR), Department of Orthopaedic & Trauma Surgery, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Rami Abboud
- Institute of Motion Analysis & Research (IMAR), Department of Orthopaedic & Trauma Surgery, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.,Faculty of Engineering, University of Balamand, Al Koura, Lebanon
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33
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Vanderstukken F, Maenhout A, Spanhove V, Jansen N, Mertens T, Cools AM. Quantifying acromiohumeral distance in elite male field hockey players compared to a non-athletic population. Braz J Phys Ther 2019; 24:273-279. [PMID: 31076255 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjpt.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shoulders of elite field hockey players are loaded continuously during play. Frequent high shoulder loading is known to influence certain shoulder variables, such as acromiohumeral distance. However, the influence of elite field hockey play on acromiohumeral distance is not examined yet. OBJECTIVE To examine the acromiohumeral distance in elite male field hockey players compared to a non-athletic control group. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. METHODS Fifty male participants were included; 25 elite field hockey players (age: 24.0±2.72 years; weight: 77.2±5.29kg; height; 180.5±5.37cm) and 25 age- and gender matched non-athletes (23.0±2.29 years; weight: 75.7±9.53kg; height: 181.8±5.52cm). A Telemed-Colormaster-128 EXT-IZ device was used to bilaterally obtain ultrasound acromiohumeral distance images at 3 different angles of shoulder abduction in the frontal plane. RESULTS Field hockey players showed a bilateral larger acromiohumeral distance at 45° (mean difference: 1.46mm [95% CI 0.46; 2.46]; p=0.005) and 60° (mean difference: 1.07mm [95% CI 0.21; 1.93]; p=0.016) compared to controls. In both groups, a significant but clinically less relevant, side difference was established for the acromiohumeral distance at 60° (mean difference: 0.79mm [95% CI 0.21; 1.34]; p=0.009). CONCLUSION With active shoulder abduction, elite field hockey players show a larger acromiohumeral distance in comparison to non-athletic participants. This may be a protective sport-specific adaptation, to better guard the shoulder from injury. Thus, acromiohumeral distance measurement may help physical therapists/coaches decide which athletes could benefit from specific, additional exercises aimed at enlarging the subacromial space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fran Vanderstukken
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Annelies Maenhout
- Occupational Therapy Department, Artevelde University College, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Valentien Spanhove
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | | - Ann Marcelle Cools
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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34
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Barboza SD, Nauta J, Emery C, van Mechelen W, Gouttebarge V, Verhagen E. A Warm-Up Program to Reduce Injuries in Youth Field Hockey Players: A Quasi-Experiment. J Athl Train 2019; 54:374-383. [PMID: 30995118 DOI: 10.4085/1062-6050-79-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Field hockey is popular worldwide; however, it entails a risk of injury. Injuries hamper players' participation in the sport and impose a burden on public health. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effectiveness of a structured exercise program among youth field hockey players on the injury rate, severity, and burden. DESIGN Quasi-experimental study. SETTING On field during 1 season of field hockey (October 2016 through June 2017). PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS A convenience sample of 22 teams (291 players): 10 teams (135 players, mean age = 11.5 years [95% confidence interval (CI) = 11.2, 11.7 years]) in the intervention group and 12 teams (156 players, mean age = 12.9 years [95% CI = 12.6, 13.2 years]) in the control group. INTERVENTION(S) The Warming-up Hockey program, a sex- and age-specific, structured, evidence-informed warm-up program consisting of a preparation phase (ie, agility and cardiovascular warm-up exercises), movement skills (ie, stability and flexibility exercises), and sport-specific skills (ie, speed and strength exercises in field hockey situations). Participants in the control group performed their usual warm-up routines. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Injury rate (ie, the number of injuries per 1000 player-hours of field hockey exposure), severity (ie, days of player time-loss), and burden on athletes' availability to play (ie, days of time loss due to injury per 1000 player-hours of field hockey exposure). RESULTS The injury rate was lower in the intervention group (hazard ratio of 0.64 [95% CI = 0.38, 1.07]); however, this result was not statistically significant. The severity of injuries was similar in both groups (t statistic P = .73). The burden of injuries on players' field hockey participation was lower in the intervention group (difference of 8.42 [95% CI = 4.37, 12.47] days lost per 1000 player-hours of field hockey). CONCLUSIONS Exposure to the Warming-up Hockey program was not significantly associated with a lower injury rate. No reduction was observed in the severity of injuries alone; however, the burden of injuries on players' field hockey participation was lower in the intervention group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saulo Delfino Barboza
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports, Academic Medical Center/VU University Medical Center IOC Research Center, the Netherlands
| | - Joske Nauta
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports, Academic Medical Center/VU University Medical Center IOC Research Center, the Netherlands
| | - Carolyn Emery
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, and Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute for Child and Maternal Health, and Department of Community Health Sciences Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Willem van Mechelen
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports, Academic Medical Center/VU University Medical Center IOC Research Center, the Netherlands.,School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, and School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Population Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland.,Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Vincent Gouttebarge
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports, Academic Medical Center/VU University Medical Center IOC Research Center, the Netherlands.,Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa.,Dutch Consumer Safety Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Academic Center for Evidence Based Sports Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Evert Verhagen
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports, Academic Medical Center/VU University Medical Center IOC Research Center, the Netherlands.,Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa
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35
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Furlong LAM, Rolle U. Injury incidence in elite youth field hockey players at the 2016 European Championships. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201834. [PMID: 30138463 PMCID: PMC6107116 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite being an essential consideration when deciding rule changes, injury prevention strategies, and athlete development models, there is little epidemiological data of U18 field hockey player injuries-something explicitly referred to in the 2015 International Olympic Committee's Consensus Statement on Youth Athlete Development. The aim of this study was to quantify incidence and characteristics of injuries in elite youth field hockey players during a major international tournament. Standardized reporting forms detailing time, location on pitch, mechanism and anatomical location of injury were completed for new musculoskeletal conditions resulting in a time stoppage by the umpire and where a player was noticeably affected by an injury for up to 20 s regardless of time stoppage. Injury incidence was 1.35 and 2.20 injuries/match or 53 and 86 injuries per 1000 player match hours for boys (B) and girls (G) respectively; girls were over three times more likely to have a minor injury. Most injuries were contusions due to being hit by the ball or stick (B: 12, G: 27), with high numbers of injuries to the torso (B: 8) and head/face (G: 7). Injuries during the penalty corner (B: 3, G: 4) were to the lower limb and hand, and boys were less likely to wear facial protection (B: 65.9%, G: 86.4%). Results form an essential initial dataset of injuries in U18 field hockey players. Current reporting protocols under-report injuries and must be addressed by the international governing body. The high number of head/face injuries, particularly in females, requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura-Anne M. Furlong
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine–East Midlands, Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Udo Rolle
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Frankfurt/M, Germany
- Fédération Internationale de Hockey (FIH) Health and Safety Panel, Lausanne, Switzerland
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