1
|
Yan D, Ji H, Fu H, Jiang J, Su B, Ye B. The effect of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) pollution on health inequality: an intergenerational perspective. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:195. [PMID: 38696046 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-01982-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/17/2024]
Abstract
Air pollution poses a serious challenge to public health and simultaneously exacerbating regional & intergenerational health inequality. This research introduces PM2.5 pollution into the intergenerational health transmission model, and estimates its impact on health inequality in China using Ordered Logit Regression (OLR) and Multi-scale Geographically Weighted Regression (MGWR) model. The results indicate that PM2.5 pollution exacerbate the intergenerational health inequality, and its impacts show inconsistency across family income levels, parental health insurance status, and area of residence. Specifically, it is more difficult for offspring in low-income families to escape from the influence of unhealthy family to become upwardly mobile. Additionally, this health inequality is more significant in households in which at least one parent does not have health insurance. Moreover, the intergenerational solidification caused by PM2.5 pollution is higher in the east and lower in the west. Both the PM2.5 level and solidification effect are high in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, Yangtze River Delta region and central areas of China, which is the focus of air pollution management. These findings suggest that more emphasis should be placed on family-based health promotion. In areas with high PM2.5 pollution levels, resources, subsidies and air pollution protection should be provided for less healthy families with lower incomes and no health insurance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yan
- School of Public Administration, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China
- Zhejiang Institution of Talent Development, Hangzhou, 310023, China
| | - Honglu Ji
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Hong Fu
- School of Public Administration, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China
| | - Jingjing Jiang
- School of Economics and Management, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Bin Su
- Energy Studies Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bin Ye
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, NO. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Friedman C, Dabelea D, Glueck DH, Allshouse WB, Adgate JL, Keller KP, Martenies SE, Magzamen S, Starling AP. Early-life exposure to residential black carbon and childhood cardiometabolic health. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 239:117285. [PMID: 37832765 PMCID: PMC10842121 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early life exposure to air pollution, such as particulate matter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5), may be associated with obesity and adverse cardiometabolic health outcomes in childhood. However, the toxicity of PM2.5 varies according to its chemical composition. Black carbon (BC) is a constituent of PM2.5, but few studies have examined its impact on childhood cardiometabolic health. Therefore, we examined relationships between prenatal and early childhood exposure to BC and markers of adiposity and cardiometabolic health in early childhood. METHODS This study included 578 mother-child pairs enrolled in the Healthy Start study (2009-2014) living in the Denver-metro area. Using a spatiotemporal prediction model, we assessed average residential black carbon levels during pregnancy and in the year prior to the early childhood follow-up visit at approximately 5 years old. We estimated associations between prenatal and early childhood BC and indicators of adiposity and cardiometabolic biomarkers in early childhood (mean 4.8 years; range, 4.0, 8.3), using linear regression. RESULTS We found higher early childhood BC was associated with higher percent fat mass, fat mass index, insulin, and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and lower leptin and waist circumference at approximately 5 years old, after adjusting for covariates. For example, per interquartile range (IQR) increase in early childhood BC (IQR, 0.49 μg/m3) there was 3.32% higher fat mass (95% CI; 2.05, 4.49). Generally, we did not find consistent evidence of associations between prenatal BC and cardiometabolic health outcomes in early childhood, except for an inverse association between prenatal BC and adiponectin, an adipocyte-secreted hormone typically inversely associated with adiposity. CONCLUSIONS Higher early childhood, but not in utero, ambient concentrations of black carbon, a component of air pollution, were associated with greater adiposity and altered insulin homeostasis at approximately 5 years old. Future studies should examine whether these changes persist later in life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chloe Friedman
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - Dana Dabelea
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Deborah H Glueck
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - William B Allshouse
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - John L Adgate
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kayleigh P Keller
- Department of Statistics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Sheena E Martenies
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Sheryl Magzamen
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Anne P Starling
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Oladipo AF, Jackson-Bey T. Baseline Dietary Patterns and Infertility Treatment Outcomes-Setting the Right Foundation. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2329988. [PMID: 37594764 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.29988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Antonia F Oladipo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Hackensack, New Jersey
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, New Jersey
| | - Tia Jackson-Bey
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Reproductive Medicine Associates of New York, New York, New York
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bertens LCM, Mohabier KSC, van der Hulst M, Broekharst DSE, Ismaili M’hamdi H, Burdorf A, Kok R, de Graaf JP, Steegers EAP. Complexity and interplay of faced adversities and perceived health and well-being in highly vulnerable pregnant women-the Mothers of Rotterdam program. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:43. [PMID: 36609315 PMCID: PMC9817271 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-14975-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Living in socially disadvantaged circumstances has a widespread impact on one's physical and mental health. That is why individuals living in this situation are often considered vulnerable. When pregnant, not only the woman's health is affected, but also that of her (unborn) child. It is well accepted that vulnerable populations experience worse (perinatal) health, however, little is known about the lived adversities and health of these vulnerable individuals. OBJECTIVES With this article, insights into this group of highly vulnerable pregnant women are provided by describing the adversities these women face and their experienced well-being. METHODS Highly vulnerable women were recruited when referred to tailored social care during pregnancy. Being highly vulnerable was defined as facing at least three different adversities divided over two or more life-domains. The heat map method was used to assess the interplay between adversities from the different life domains. Demographics and results from the baseline questionnaires on self-sufficiency and perceived health and well-being were presented. RESULTS Nine hundred nineteen pregnant women were referred to social care (2016-2020). Overall, women had a median of six adversities, distributed over four life-domains. The heat map revealed a large variety in lived adversities, which originated from two parental clusters, one dominated by financial adversities and the other by a the combination of a broad range of adversities. The perceived health was moderate, and 25-34% experienced moderate to severe levels of depression, anxiety or stress. This did not differ between the two parental clusters. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that highly vulnerable pregnant women deal with multiple adversities affecting not only their social and economic position but also their health and well-being.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L. C. M. Bertens
- grid.5645.2000000040459992XDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus University Medical Centre Rotterdam, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - K. S. C. Mohabier
- grid.5645.2000000040459992XDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus University Medical Centre Rotterdam, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M. van der Hulst
- grid.5645.2000000040459992XDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus University Medical Centre Rotterdam, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - D. S. E. Broekharst
- grid.5645.2000000040459992XDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus University Medical Centre Rotterdam, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H. Ismaili M’hamdi
- grid.5645.2000000040459992XDepartment of Medical Ethics and Philosophy of Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A. Burdorf
- grid.5645.2000000040459992XDepartment of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R. Kok
- grid.6906.90000000092621349Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences Clinical, Child and Family Studies, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J. P. de Graaf
- grid.5645.2000000040459992XDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus University Medical Centre Rotterdam, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E. A. P. Steegers
- grid.5645.2000000040459992XDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus University Medical Centre Rotterdam, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Maternal High-Fat Diet and Offspring Hypertension. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158179. [PMID: 35897755 PMCID: PMC9332200 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of hypertension has increased to epidemic levels in the past decades. Increasing evidence reveals that maternal dietary habits play a crucial role in the development of hypertension in adult offspring. In humans, increased fat consumption has been considered responsible for obesity and associated diseases. Maternal diets rich in saturated fats have been widely employed in animal models to study various adverse offspring outcomes. In this review, we discussed current evidence linking maternal high-fat diet to offspring hypertension. We also provided an in-depth overview of the potential mechanisms underlying hypertension of developmental origins that are programmed by maternal high-fat intake from animal studies. Furthermore, this review also presented an overview of how reprogramming interventions can prevent maternal high-fat-diet-induced hypertension in adult offspring. Overall, recent advances in understanding mechanisms behind programming and reprogramming of maternal high-fat diet on hypertension of developmental origins might provide the answers to curtail this epidemic. Still, more research is needed to translate research findings into practice.
Collapse
|
6
|
van der Hulst M, Polinder S, Kok R, Prinzie P, de Groot MW, Burdorf A, Bertens LCM. Socio-economic determinants of healthcare costs in early life: a register-based study in the Netherlands. Int J Equity Health 2022; 21:5. [PMID: 35022032 PMCID: PMC8756721 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-021-01589-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Children with low socioeconomic status (SES) have an increased risk of a suboptimal start in life with ensuing higher healthcare costs. This study aims to investigate the effects of individual- (monthly household income) and contextual-level SES (household income and neighborhood deprivation), and perinatal morbidity (preterm birth and small for gestational age ((<10th percentile), SGA)) on healthcare costs in early life (0–3 years of age). Methods Individual-linked data from three national registries (Perinatal Registry Netherlands, Statistics Netherlands, and Healthcare Vektis) were obtained of all children born between 2011 and 2014 (N = 480,471) in the Netherlands. Binomial logistic regression was used to model annual healthcare costs as a function of their household income (per €1000), neighborhood deprivation index (range − 13.26 – 10.70), their perinatal morbidity and demographic characteristics. Annual healthcare cost were dichotomized into low healthcare costs (Q1-Q3 below €1000) and high healthcare costs (Q4 €1000 or higher). Results Children had a median of €295 annual healthcare costs, ranging from €72 to €4299 (5–95%). Binomial logistic regression revealed that for every €1000 decrease in monthly household income, the OR for having high healthcare costs is 0.99 (0.99–0.99). Furthermore, for every one-unit increase in neighborhood deprivation the OR for having high healthcare costs increase 1.02 (1.01–1.02). Finally, the model revealed an OR of 2.55 (2.48–2.61) for preterm born children, and an OR of 1.44 (1.41–1.48) for children SGA, to have high healthcare costs compared to their healthy peers. Conclusion More neighborhood deprivation was directly related to higher healthcare costs in young children. On top of this, lower household income was consistently and independently related to higher healthcare costs. By optimizing conditions for low SES populations, the impact of low SES circumstances on their healthcare costs can be positively influenced. Additionally, policies that influence more timely and appropriate healthcare use in low SES populations can reduce healthcare costs further.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marije van der Hulst
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O. Box 2040, 3000, CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. .,Research Group Transforming Youth Care, The Hague University of Applied Sciences, The Hague, The Netherlands.
| | - Suzanne Polinder
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rianne Kok
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Prinzie
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marijke W de Groot
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O. Box 2040, 3000, CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Elisabeth Twee Steden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands
| | - Alex Burdorf
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Loes C M Bertens
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O. Box 2040, 3000, CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ismaili M'hamdi H, de Beaufort I. Health Agency and Perfectionism: The Case of Perinatal Health Inequalities. Public Health Ethics 2021; 14:168-179. [PMID: 34650620 PMCID: PMC8510685 DOI: 10.1093/phe/phab009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Poor pregnancy outcomes and inequalities in these outcomes remain a major challenge, even in prosperous societies that have high-quality health care and public health policy in place. In this article, we propose that justice demands the improvement of what we call the ‘health agency’ of parents-to-be as part of a response to these poor outcomes. We take health agency to have three aspects: (i) the capacity to form health-goals one has reason to value, (ii) the control one perceives to have over achieving those health-goals and (iii) the freedom(s) one has to achieve those health-goals. We will moreover argue that this demand of justice can be best based on a perfectionist rather than neutralist method of justification. Subsequently, we will argue that perfectionist policy may be paternalistic but not wrongfully paternalistic. This leads us to conclude that perfectionism should be adopted to inform and justify public health policy that is aimed at improving health agency in general and counteracting poor pregnancy outcomes and inequalities in perinatal health outcomes in particular.
Collapse
|
8
|
Johnson SL, Shapiro ALB, Moding KJ, Flesher A, Davis K, Fisher JO. Infant and Toddler Consumption of Sweetened and Unsweetened Lipid Nutrient Supplements After 2-Week Home Repeated Exposures. J Nutr 2021; 151:2825-2834. [PMID: 34036363 PMCID: PMC8417920 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements (SQ-LNS) are designed to address undernutrition during the complementary feeding period. SQ-LNS contains added sugars, but limited research has assessed whether infants' acceptance varies between versions with and without sugars. OBJECTIVES Our objective was to examine the effects of repeated exposure on children's acceptance of sweetened and unsweetened SQ-LNS. We aimed to understand caregivers' perceptions of children's liking of the 2 SQ-LNS versions and their influences on infant acceptance of SQ-LNS. METHODS Caregivers (86% non-Hispanic White) and children (7-24 mo), participated in a randomized, 2-week home-exposure study and baseline and post-home exposure assessments. Children were randomized to receive sweetened or unsweetened SQ-LNS versions, mixed with infant oatmeal. At in-person visits, caregivers fed both SQ-LNS versions to children and rated their child's liking for each. Caregivers fed the SQ-LNS version to which their child was randomized until the child refused to eat more. Acceptance was measured as total grams consumed. Mixed-effects linear models tested the change in SQ-LNS consumed between baseline and postexposure by the SQ-LNS version and number of home exposures. Covariates included the amount of SQ-LNS consumed at baseline, child BMI z-score, child age, and breastfeeding experience. RESULTS Children's acceptance of both SQ-LNS versions increased from baseline to postexposure (β, 0.71 g; 95% CI: 0.54-0.89 g; P = 0.04), regardless of SQ-LNS version (P = 0.88) or number of home exposures (P = 0.55). Caregivers rated children's liking of unsweetened SQ-LNS higher at baseline (P = 0.02). Children with lower liking ratings at baseline showed the greatest increases in acceptance between baseline and postexposure (P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Children's acceptance of SQ-LNS increased with repeated exposure, whether offered the sweetened or unsweetened version, providing preliminary support that adding sugar to SQ-LNS may not improve acceptance in young children. Children who initially like the supplement less may need repeated experience to learn to accept SQ-LNS. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT04544332.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susan L Johnson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Allison L B Shapiro
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kameron J Moding
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Abigail Flesher
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kathryn Davis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jennifer O Fisher
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Obesity Research and Education, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Placental insufficiency induces a sexually dimorphic response in the expression of cardiac growth and metabolic signalling molecules upon exposure to a postnatal western diet in guinea pigs. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2021; 13:345-357. [PMID: 34308829 DOI: 10.1017/s204017442100043x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
There is a strong relationship between low birth weight (LBW) and an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). In postnatal life, LBW offspring are becoming more commonly exposed to the additional independent CVD risk factors, such as an obesogenic diet. However, how an already detrimentally programmed LBW myocardium responds to a secondary insult, such as an obesogenic diet (western diet; WD), during postnatal life is ill defined. Herein, we aimed to determine in a pre-clinical guinea pig model of CVD, both the independent and interactive effects of LBW and a postnatal WD on the molecular pathways that regulate cardiac growth and metabolism. Uterine artery ablation was used to induce placental insufficiency (PI) in pregnant guinea pigs to generate LBW offspring. Normal birth weight (NBW) and LBW offspring were weaned onto either a Control diet or WD. At ˜145 days after birth (young adulthood), male and female offspring were humanely killed, the heart weighed and left ventricle tissue collected. The mRNA expression of signalling molecules involved in a pathological hypertrophic and fibrotic response was increased in the myocardium of LBW male, but not female offspring, fed a WD as was the mRNA expression of transcription factors involved in fatty acid oxidation. The mRNA expression of glucose transporters was downregulated by LBW and WD in male, but not female hearts. This study has highlighted a sexually dimorphic cardiac pathological hypertrophic and fibrotic response to the secondary insult of postnatal WD consumption in LBW offspring.
Collapse
|
10
|
Postnatally induced metabolic and oxidative changes associated with maternal high-fat consumption were mildly affected by Quercetin-3-O-rutinoside treatment in rats. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06847. [PMID: 33997389 PMCID: PMC8102762 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is usually associated with prolonged intake of high-fat diet (HFD). However, little is known about the impact of maternal HFD on endogenous modulation of antioxidant-defence-enzyme-network, its link to adverse fetal growth and overall effects of Quercetin-3-o-rutinoside (QR) supplementation. Sprague-Dawley rats were initially assigned to normal diet (ND) or HFD for 8 weeks and mated. Post-conception, rats were further divided into four groups, of which two groups had diets supplemented with QR while others continued with their respective diets until delivery. Measurements include food and water consumption, physical parameters (body weight, body mass index (BMI) and fur appearance), oral glucose tolerance, lipid profiles, and placental/liver oxidative changes. We observed that water consumption was significantly increased in dams fed HFD without marked differences in food intake, body weight, BMI and glucose tolerance. Surprisingly, offspring of HFD-fed dams had reduced body weight marked by delayed fur appearance compared to the ND offspring. In dams, there were alterations in lipid profile. Lipid peroxidation was increased in the placenta and liver of gestational day (GD) 19 HFD-fed dams and their postnatal day (PND) 21 male offspring. There was evidence of HFD-induced nitrosative stress in dams and PND28 female offspring. Adaptive defence indicate decreased placenta and liver superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels as well as differential changes in total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and catalase (CAT) activity in HFD treated dams and their progenies. Overall, the results indicate that intrauterine metabolic alterations associated with maternal high-fat consumption may induce oxidative challenge in the offspring accompanied by mild developmental consequences, while QR supplementation has little or no beneficial effects.
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
Birthweight is a well-known predictor of adult-onset chronic disease. The placenta plays a necessary role in regulating fetal growth and determining birth size. Maternal stressors that affect placental function and prenatal growth include maternal overnutrition and undernutrition, toxic social stress, and exposure to toxic chemicals. These stressors lead to increased vulnerability to disease within any population. This vulnerability arises from placental and fetal exposure to stressors during fetal life. The biological drivers linking various social determinants of health to compromised placental function and fetal development have been little studied.
Collapse
|
12
|
Spradley FT. High-fat diet from parental generation exaggerates body and adipose tissue weights in pregnant offspring. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237708. [PMID: 32817646 PMCID: PMC7446828 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Parental high-fat diet (HFD) programs for obesity and hypertension in female offspring in rats, but it is unknown how the pregnancies of these offspring are impacted. Therefore, the hypothesis was tested that parental HFD exaggerates obesity and hypertension during pregnancy of the offspring. Wistar Hannover rat dams (the parental, P generation) were maintained on normal-fat diet (NFD) or HFD from weaning and were kept on respective diets through pregnancy and lactation. Their offspring (the first filial, F1 generation) were weaned onto the same diet as the P generation, or they were changed to the other diet to determine if combined HFD in the P and F1 generations exaggerates body weight and blood pressure levels during pregnancy in these offspring. This diet paradigm resulted in the following groups of pregnant F1 offspring: P-NFD/F1-NFD, P-HFD/F1-NFD, P-NFD/F1-HFD, and P-HFD/F1-HFD. Maternal body and adipose tissue weights were greatest in the P-HFD/F1-HFD group compared to the other 3 groups by the end of pregnancy. Plasma leptin and conscious mean arterial blood pressure were not significantly different between any group, although there was a main effect for increased blood pressure in the F1-HFD groups. Circulating levels of the antihypertensive pregnancy factor, placental growth factor (PlGF), were assessed. Although average PlGF levels were similar among all groups, correlative studies revealed that lower levels of PlGF were associated with higher blood pressure only in the P-HFD/F1-HFD group. In summary, HFD feeding from the P generation exaggerated HFD-induced body and adipose tissue weights in the pregnant offspring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frank T. Spradley
- Department of Surgery, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Elovainio M, Vahtera J, Pentti J, Hakulinen C, Pulkki-Råback L, Lipsanen J, Virtanen M, Keltikangas-Järvinen L, Kivimäki M, Kähönen M, Viikari J, Lehtimäki T, Raitakari O. The Contribution of Neighborhood Socioeconomic Disadvantage to Depressive Symptoms Over the Course of Adult Life: A 32-Year Prospective Cohort Study. Am J Epidemiol 2020; 189:679-689. [PMID: 32239174 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwaa026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between socioeconomic disadvantage and increased risk of depressive symptoms in adulthood is well established. We tested 1) the contribution of early exposure to neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage to later depressive symptoms throughout life, 2) the persistence of the potential association between early exposure and depressive symptoms, and 3) the contributions of other known risk factors to the association. Data were collected from the Young Finns Study, a prospective, population-based 32-year follow-up study that included participants aged 3-18 years at baseline in 1980. Participants were followed up with repeated measurements of depressive symptoms between 1992 and 2012 (n = 2,788) and linked to national grid data on neighborhood disadvantage via residential addresses. We examined the associations in mixed models separately for the 5-, 10-, 15-, and 20-year follow-ups. Living in a disadvantaged neighborhood during childhood and adolescence was associated with a higher level of depressive symptoms in adulthood during all follow-up periods (β = 0.07, P = 0.001) than living in a nondisadvantaged area. Individual adulthood socioeconomic status mediated the associations. These findings suggest that living in a socioeconomically disadvantaged area during childhood and adolescence has a long-lasting negative association with mental health irrespective of family-related risks, partially due to socioeconomic adversity later in life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marko Elovainio
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jussi Vahtera
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jaana Pentti
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Christian Hakulinen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Laura Pulkki-Råback
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jari Lipsanen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marianna Virtanen
- School of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | | | - Mika Kivimäki
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Clinicum Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center–Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jorma Viikari
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center–Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Olli Raitakari
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Boone-Heinonen J, Biel FM, Marshall NE, Snowden JM. Maternal prepregnancy BMI and size at birth: race/ethnicity-stratified, within-family associations in over 500,000 siblings. Ann Epidemiol 2020; 46:49-56.e5. [PMID: 32448735 PMCID: PMC7315911 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2020.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To estimate racial/ethnic-stratified effects of maternal prepregnancy BMI on size for gestational age at birth, by comparing siblings within families. METHODS This study examined linked vital statistics and patient discharge data from 580,960 infants born to 278,770 women in the State of California (2007-2012). To control for family-level confounding, we used fixed effects multinomial regression, modeling size for gestational age (small [SGA], appropriate, large [LGA]) as a function of maternal BMI (underweight, normal weight, overweight, obesity class I, II, III) and time-varying covariates. We conducted overall and race/ethnicity-stratified (non-Hispanic white, black, Asian; Hispanic) analyses. For comparison, we fit analogous random effects models, which do not control for family-level confounding. RESULTS In fixed effects models, maternal BMI was most strongly associated with LGA in non-Hispanic white women, reaching 6.7 times greater for class III obesity (OR [95% CI]: 6.7 [5.1, 8.7]); and weakest in black women (OR [95% CI]: 3.0 [1.5, 5.7]). Associations with SGA were similar across race/ethnicity. Compared with random effects estimates, fixed effects were most attenuated for LGA associations among racial/ethnic minority women. CONCLUSIONS Maternal prepregnancy BMI was differentially associated with size for gestational age across racial/ethnic groups, with the strongest family-level confounding in racial/ethnic minority women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Frances M Biel
- Oregon Health & Science University, School of Public Health, Portland, OR
| | - Nicole E Marshall
- Oregon Health & Science University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Portland, OR
| | - Jonathan M Snowden
- Oregon Health & Science University, School of Public Health, Portland, OR; Oregon Health & Science University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Portland, OR
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Walsh K, McCormack CA, Webster R, Pinto A, Lee S, Feng T, Krakovsky HS, O'Grady SM, Tycko B, Champagne FA, Werner EA, Liu G, Monk C. Maternal prenatal stress phenotypes associate with fetal neurodevelopment and birth outcomes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:23996-24005. [PMID: 31611411 PMCID: PMC6883837 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1905890116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal prenatal stress influences offspring neurodevelopment and birth outcomes including the ratio of males to females born; however, there is limited understanding of what types of stress matter, and for whom. Using a data-driven approach with 27 variables from questionnaires, ambulatory diaries, and physical assessments collected early in the singleton pregnancies of 187 women, 3 latent profiles of maternal prenatal stress emerged that were differentially associated with sex at birth, birth outcomes, and fetal neurodevelopment. Most women (66.8%) were in the healthy group (HG); 17.1% were in the psychologically stressed group (PSYG), evidencing clinically meaningful elevations in perceived stress, depression, and anxiety; and 16% were in the physically stressed group (PHSG) with relatively higher ambulatory blood pressure and increased caloric intake. The population normative male:female secondary sex ratio (105:100) was lower in the PSYG (2:3) and PHSG (4:9), and higher in the HG (23:18), consistent with research showing diminished male births in maternal stress contexts. PHSG versus HG infants were born 1.5 wk earlier (P < 0.05) with 22% compared to 5% born preterm. PHSG versus HG fetuses had decreased fetal heart rate-movement coupling (P < 0.05), which may indicate slower central nervous system development, and PSYG versus PHSG fetuses had more birth complications, consistent with previous findings among offspring of women with psychiatric illness. Social support most strongly differentiated the HG, PSYG, and PHSG groups, and higher social support was associated with increased odds of male versus female births. Stress phenotypes in pregnant women are associated with male vulnerability and poor fetal outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kate Walsh
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, The Bronx, NY 10461
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
| | - Clare A McCormack
- Center for Science and Society, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027
| | - Rachel Webster
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032
| | - Anita Pinto
- Data Science, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027
| | - Seonjoo Lee
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032
- Department of Biostatistics (in Psychiatry), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
| | - Tianshu Feng
- Department of Biostatistics (in Psychiatry), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
| | - H Sloan Krakovsky
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032
| | - Sinclaire M O'Grady
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032
| | - Benjamin Tycko
- Hackensack-Meridian Health Center for Discovery and Innovation, Nutley, NJ 07110
| | - Frances A Champagne
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712
| | - Elizabeth A Werner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
| | - Grace Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
| | - Catherine Monk
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032;
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Silva B, Bertasso I, Pietrobon C, Lopes B, Santos T, Peixoto-Silva N, Carvalho J, Claudio-Neto S, Manhães A, Cabral S, Kluck G, Atella G, Oliveira E, Moura E, Lisboa P. Effects of maternal bisphenol A on behavior, sex steroid and thyroid hormones levels in the adult rat offspring. Life Sci 2019; 218:253-264. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
17
|
Dumolt JH, Browne RW, Patel MS, Rideout TC. Malprogramming of Hepatic Lipid Metabolism due to Excessive Early Cholesterol Exposure in Adult Progeny. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 63:e1800563. [PMID: 30447138 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201800563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE The programming of hepatic lipid dysfunction in response to early cholesterol exposure and the influencing effects of postnatal diet is evaluated in apoE-/- mice. METHODS AND RESULTS In two separate studies, female mice are assigned to a standard chow (S) or a cholesterol-enriched chow (C) diet during gestation and lactation. Male offspring from each dam are weaned on a postnatal S or a hypercaloric western (W) diet resulting in four experimental groups: S-S and C-S (Experiment 1) and S-W and C-W (Experiment 2). At weaning, litters from hypercholesterolemic mothers weighed less (p < 0.05) and pups had higher blood lipids, glucose, and hepatic cholesterol compared with pups from S-fed mothers. Adult C-S offspring demonstrate an atherogenic lipid profile and increased (p < 0.05) hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride content with altered lipid regulatory mRNA expression and protein content compared with S-S offspring. Alternatively, no difference (p > 0.05) is observed between S-W and C-W in serum and hepatic lipid profiles; however, serum AST and ALT are higher (p < 0.05) in C-W versus S-W offspring. CONCLUSION The degree of hepatic lipid deposition observed in adult offspring exposed to excessive early cholesterol is influenced by the postnatal diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jerad H Dumolt
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA
| | - Richard W Browne
- Department of Biotechnical and Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA
| | - Mulchand S Patel
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA
| | - Todd C Rideout
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Prenatal maternal stress, fetal programming, and mechanisms underlying later psychopathology-A global perspective. Dev Psychopathol 2018; 30:843-854. [PMID: 30068411 DOI: 10.1017/s095457941800038x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
There is clear evidence that the mother's stress, anxiety, or depression during pregnancy can alter the development of her fetus and her child, with an increased risk for later psychopathology. We are starting to understand some of the underlying mechanisms including the role of the placenta, gene-environment interactions, epigenetics, and specific systems including the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and cytokines. In this review we also consider how these effects may be different, and potentially exacerbated, in different parts of the world. There can be many reasons for elevated prenatal stress, as in communities at war. There may be raised pregnancy-specific anxiety with high levels of maternal and infant death. There can be raised interpersonal violence (in Afghanistan 90.2% of women thought that "wife beating" was justified compared with 2.0% in Argentina). There may be interactions with nutritional deficiencies or with extremes of temperature. Prenatal stress alters the microbiome, and this can differ in different countries. Genetic differences in different ethnic groups may make some more vulnerable or more resilient to the effects of prenatal stress on child neurodevelopment. Most research on these questions has been in predominantly Caucasian samples from high-income countries. It is now time to understand more about prenatal stress and psychopathology, and the role of both social and biological differences, in the rest of the world.
Collapse
|
19
|
Momentti AC, Estadella D, Pellegrini Pisani L. Role of vitamin D in pregnancy and Toll-like receptor pathway. Steroids 2018; 137:22-29. [PMID: 30059672 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2018.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
There is a growing concern about the impacts of hypovitaminosis D on the health of pregnant woman, fetal development, childhood, and adult life. Variations in maternal nutrition during gestation and/or lactation play a critical role in the physiological and metabolic development of the fetus and neonate, which can induce phenotypic changes and trigger important consequences throughout life, such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, obesity, and hypertension. Vitamin D plays a role in regulating cell proliferation and differentiation and in modulating the innate and adaptive immune response. Also, vitamin D correlates with changes in cytokines, anti and proinflammatory, as well as prevents inflammation induced by changes in myometrial cells mediated by the nuclear factor kappa B pathway. Further investigation is required regarding these relationship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Momentti
- Pós-Graduação em Alimentos, Nutrição e Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Débora Estadella
- Departamento de Biociências, Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciana Pellegrini Pisani
- Departamento de Biociências, Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Responsibility in the age of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) and epigenetics. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2017; 9:58-62. [PMID: 28829006 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174417000654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Insights from the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease paradigm and epigenetics are elucidating the biological pathways through which social and environmental signals affect human health. These insights prompt a serious debate about how the structure of society affects health and what the responsibility of society is to counteract health inequalities. Unfortunately, oversimplified interpretations of insights from Developmental Origins of Health and Disease and epigenetics may be (mis)used to focus on the importance of individual responsibility for health rather than the social responsibility for health. In order to advance the debate on responsibility for health, we present an ethical framework to determine the social responsibility to counteract health inequalities. This is particularly important in a time where individual responsibility often justifies a passive response from policymakers.
Collapse
|
21
|
Raju TNK, Pemberton VL, Saigal S, Blaisdell CJ, Moxey-Mims M, Buist S. Long-Term Healthcare Outcomes of Preterm Birth: An Executive Summary of a Conference Sponsored by the National Institutes of Health. J Pediatr 2017; 181:309-318.e1. [PMID: 27806833 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tonse N K Raju
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institutes of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
| | | | - Saroj Saigal
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | | | - Marva Moxey-Mims
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD
| | - Sonia Buist
- Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland, OR
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wallack L, Thornburg K. Developmental Origins, Epigenetics, and Equity: Moving Upstream. Matern Child Health J 2017; 20:935-40. [PMID: 27029539 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-016-1970-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The Developmental Origins of Health and Disease and the related science of epigenetics redefines the meaning of what constitutes upstream approaches to significant social and public health problems. An increasingly frequent concept being expressed is "When it comes to your health, your zip code may be more important than your genetic code". Epigenetics explains how the environment-our zip code-literally gets under our skin, creates biological changes that increase our vulnerability for disease, and even children's prospects for social success, over their life course and into future generations. This science requires us to rethink where disease comes from and the best way to promote health. It identifies the most fundamental social equity issue in our society: that initial social and biological disadvantage, established even prior to birth, and linked to the social experience of prior generations, is made worse by adverse environments throughout the life course. But at the same time, it provides hope because it tells us that a concerted focus on using public policy to improve our social, physical, and economic environments can ultimately change our biology and the trajectory of health and social success into future generations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence Wallack
- Center for Public Health Studies, Portland State University, Portland, OR, USA. .,Bob and Charlee Moore Institute for Nutrition & Wellness, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
| | - Kent Thornburg
- Bob and Charlee Moore Institute for Nutrition & Wellness, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Center for Developmental Health, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Portland, OR, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
In utero exposure to gestational diabetes mellitus conditions TLR4 and TLR2 activated IL-1beta responses in spleen cells from rat offspring. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1862:2137-2146. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
24
|
Winett L, Wallack L, Richardson D, Boone-Heinonen J, Messer L. A Framework to Address Challenges in Communicating the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease. Curr Environ Health Rep 2016; 3:169-77. [PMID: 27449924 PMCID: PMC5560864 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-016-0102-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Findings from the field of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) suggest that some of the most pressing public health problems facing communities today may begin much earlier than previously understood. In particular, this body of work provides evidence that social, physical, chemical, environmental, and behavioral influences in early life play a significant role in establishing vulnerabilities for chronic disease later in life. Further, because this work points to the importance of adverse environmental exposures that cluster in population groups, it suggests that existing opportunities to intervene at a population level may need to refocus their efforts "upstream" to sufficiently combat the fundamental causes of disease. To translate these findings into improved public health, however, the distance between scientific discovery and population application will need to be bridged by conversations across a breadth of disciplines and social roles. And importantly, those involved will likely begin without a shared vocabulary or conceptual starting point. The purpose of this paper is to support and inform the translation of DOHaD findings from the bench to population-level health promotion and disease prevention, by: (1) discussing the unique communication challenges inherent to translation of DOHaD for broad audiences, (2) introducing the First-hit/Second-hit Framework with an epidemiologic planning matrix as a model for conceptualizing and structuring communication around DOHaD, and (3) discussing the ways in which patterns of communicating DOHaD findings can expand the range of solutions considered and encourage discussion of population-level solutions in relation to one another, rather than in isolation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liana Winett
- School of Community Health and OHSU/PSU School of Public Health, Portland State University, PO Box 751, Portland, OR, 97201, USA.
| | - Lawrence Wallack
- School of Community Health and OHSU/PSU School of Public Health, Portland State University, PO Box 751, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
| | - Dawn Richardson
- School of Community Health and OHSU/PSU School of Public Health, Portland State University, PO Box 751, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
| | - Janne Boone-Heinonen
- Public Health and Preventive Medicine and OHSU/PSU School of Public Health, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Lynne Messer
- School of Community Health and OHSU/PSU School of Public Health, Portland State University, PO Box 751, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Winett LB, Wulf AB, Wallack L. Framing Strategies to Avoid Mother-Blame in Communicating the Origins of Chronic Disease. Am J Public Health 2016; 106:1369-73. [PMID: 27310351 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2016.303239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Evolving research in epigenetics and the developmental origins of health and disease offers tremendous promise in explaining how the social environment, place, and resources available to us have enduring effects on our health. Troubling from a communications perspective, however, is the tendency in framing the science to hold mothers almost uniquely culpable for their offspring's later disease risk. The purpose of this article is to add to the conversation about avoiding this unintended outcome by (1) discussing the importance of cognitive processing and issue frames, (2) describing framing challenges associated with communicating about developmental origins of health and disease and offering principles to address them, and (3) providing examples of conceptual metaphors that may be helpful in telling this complex and contextual story for public health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liana B Winett
- Liana B. Winett and Lawrence Wallack are with the School of Community Health, Portland State University, Portland, OR. Alyssa B. Wulf is with Real Reason, Oakland, CA
| | - Alyssa B Wulf
- Liana B. Winett and Lawrence Wallack are with the School of Community Health, Portland State University, Portland, OR. Alyssa B. Wulf is with Real Reason, Oakland, CA
| | - Lawrence Wallack
- Liana B. Winett and Lawrence Wallack are with the School of Community Health, Portland State University, Portland, OR. Alyssa B. Wulf is with Real Reason, Oakland, CA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Boone-Heinonen J, Messer LC, Fortmann SP, Wallack L, Thornburg KL. From fatalism to mitigation: A conceptual framework for mitigating fetal programming of chronic disease by maternal obesity. Prev Med 2015; 81:451-9. [PMID: 26522092 PMCID: PMC4679670 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal development is recognized as a critical period in the etiology of obesity and cardiometabolic disease. Potential strategies to reduce maternal obesity-induced risk later in life have been largely overlooked. In this paper, we first propose a conceptual framework for the role of public health and preventive medicine in mitigating the effects of fetal programming. Second, we review a small but growing body of research (through August 2015) that examines interactive effects of maternal obesity and two public health foci - diet and physical activity - in the offspring. Results of the review support the hypothesis that diet and physical activity after early life can attenuate disease susceptibility induced by maternal obesity, but human evidence is scant. Based on the review, we identify major gaps relevant for prevention research, such as characterizing the type and dose response of dietary and physical activity exposures that modify the adverse effects of maternal obesity in the offspring. Third, we discuss potential implications of interactions between maternal obesity and postnatal dietary and physical activity exposures for interventions to mitigate maternal obesity-induced risk among children. Our conceptual framework, evidence review, and future research directions offer a platform to develop, test, and implement fetal programming mitigation strategies for the current and future generations of children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lynne C Messer
- School of Community Health, College of Urban and Public Affairs, Portland State University, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | - Lawrence Wallack
- School of Community Health, College of Urban and Public Affairs, Portland State University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Kent L Thornburg
- Bob and Charlee Moore Institute for Nutrition and Wellness, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Richardson R, Westley T, Gariépy G, Austin N, Nandi A. Neighborhood socioeconomic conditions and depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2015; 50:1641-56. [PMID: 26164028 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-015-1092-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The evidence linking neighborhood socioeconomic conditions (NSEC) with depression is mixed. We performed a systematic review of this literature, including a rigorous quality assessment that was used to explore if methodological or contextual factors explained heterogeneity across studies. METHODS A systematic literature search in three databases identified longitudinal studies among adolescents and adults living in high-income countries. Two independent reviewers screened studies for inclusion and performed data abstraction. We conducted a formal quality assessment and investigated sources of study heterogeneity. RESULTS Our database search identified 3711 articles, 84 of which were determined to be potentially relevant, and 14 articles were included in this review. About half of the studies found a significant association between NSEC and depression, and pooled estimates suggest poorer socioeconomic conditions were associated with higher odds of depression (OR = 1.14, 95% CI 1.01, 1.28). Study results varied by follow-up time. Among studies with less than 5 years of follow-up, there was a significant association between NSEC and depression (OR = 1.28, 95% CI 1.13, 1.44), although pooling of study results may not be warranted due to heterogeneity across studies. Among studies with at least 5 years of follow-up, which were homogeneous, there was no association (OR = 1.00, 95% CI 0.95, 1.06) between NSEC and depression. CONCLUSIONS We found inconsistent evidence in support of a longitudinal association between NSEC and depression, and heterogeneity according to the length of follow-up time might partly explain the mixed evidence observed in the literature on NSEC and depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robin Richardson
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, 1020 Pine Ave. West, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A2, Canada.
| | - Tracy Westley
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, 1020 Pine Ave. West, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A2, Canada
| | - Geneviève Gariépy
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, 1020 Pine Ave. West, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A2, Canada.,Institute for Health and Social Policy, McGill University, 1130 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Nichole Austin
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, 1020 Pine Ave. West, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A2, Canada
| | - Arijit Nandi
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, 1020 Pine Ave. West, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A2, Canada.,Institute for Health and Social Policy, McGill University, 1130 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A3, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
In spite of improving life expectancy over the course of the previous century, the health of the U.S. population is now worsening. Recent increasing rates of type 2 diabetes, obesity and uncontrolled high blood pressure predict a growing incidence of cardiovascular disease and shortened average lifespan. The daily >$1billion current price tag for cardiovascular disease in the United States is expected to double within the next decade or two. Other countries are seeing similar trends. Current popular explanations for these trends are inadequate. Rather, increasingly poor diets in young people and in women during pregnancy are a likely cause of declining health in the U.S. population through a process known as programming. The fetal cardiovascular system is sensitive to poor maternal nutritional conditions during the periconceptional period, in the womb and in early postnatal life. Developmental plasticity accommodates changes in organ systems that lead to endothelial dysfunction, small coronary arteries, stiffer vascular tree, fewer nephrons, fewer cardiomyocytes, coagulopathies and atherogenic blood lipid profiles in fetuses born at the extremes of birthweight. Of equal importance are epigenetic modifications to genes driving important growth regulatory processes. Changes in microRNA, DNA methylation patterns and histone structure have all been implicated in the cardiovascular disease vulnerabilities that cross-generations. Recent experiments offer hope that detrimental epigenetic changes can be prevented or reversed. The large number of studies that provide the foundational concepts for the developmental origins of disease can be traced to the brilliant discoveries of David J.P. Barker.
Collapse
|