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Nava A, Lugli F, Lemmers S, Cerrito P, Mahoney P, Bondioli L, Müller W. Reading children's teeth to reconstruct life history and the evolution of human cooperation and cognition: The role of dental enamel microstructure and chemistry. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 163:105745. [PMID: 38825260 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Studying infants in the past is crucial for understanding the evolution of human life history and the evolution of cooperation, cognition, and communication. An infant's growth, health, and mortality can provide information about the dynamics and structure of a population, their cultural practices, and the adaptive capacity of a community. Skeletal remains provide one way of accessing this information for humans recovered prior to the historical periods. Teeth in particular, are retrospective archives of information that can be accessed through morphological, micromorphological, and biogeochemical methods. This review discusses how the microanatomy and formation of teeth, and particularly enamel, serve as archives of somatic growth, stress, and the environment. Examining their role in the broader context of human evolution, we discuss dental biogeochemistry and emphasize how the incremental growth of tooth microstructure facilitates the reconstruction of temporal data related to health, diet, mobility, and stress in past societies. The review concludes by considering tooth microstructure as a biomarker and the potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Nava
- Department of Odontostomatological and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, via Caserta 6, Rome 00161, Italy.
| | - Federico Lugli
- Institut of Geosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438, Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Frankfurt Isotope and Element Research Center (FIERCE), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Department of Chemical and Geological Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Giuseppe Campi, 103, Modena 41125, Italy
| | - Simone Lemmers
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., AREA Science Park, s.s. 14 km 163,500, Basovizza, Trieste, Italy; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 401 Park Drive, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paola Cerrito
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Mahoney
- School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Giles Ln, Giles Ln, Canterbury CT2 7NZ, UK
| | - Luca Bondioli
- Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Padua, Piazza Capitaniato, 7, Padua 35139, Italy
| | - Wolfgang Müller
- Institut of Geosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438, Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Frankfurt Isotope and Element Research Center (FIERCE), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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2
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Li Y, Liu J, Ran N, Zheng C, Wang P, Li J, Fang Y, Fang D, Ma Y. Potential pathological mechanisms and pharmacological interventions for cadmium-induced miscarriage. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 273:116118. [PMID: 38367606 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of cadmium (Cd) contamination has emerged as a significant global concern. Exposure to Cd during pregnancy is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, including miscarriage. However, there is currently a lack of comprehensive summaries on Cd-induced miscarriage. Therefore, it is imperative to further strengthen research into in vivo studies, clinical status, pathological mechanisms, and pharmacological interventions for Cd-induced miscarriage. This study systematically presents the current knowledge on animal models and clinical trials investigating Cd exposure-induced miscarriage. The underlying mechanisms involving oxidative stress, inflammation, endocrine disruption, and placental dysfunction caused by Cd-induced miscarriage are also extensively discussed. Additionally, potential drug interventions such as melatonin, vitamin C, and vitamin E are highlighted for their pharmacological role in mitigating adverse pregnancy outcomes induced by Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Li
- Medical College, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang 312000, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing 100013, China
| | - Na Ran
- Medical College, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang 312000, China
| | - Changwu Zheng
- Medical College, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang 312000, China
| | - PingPing Wang
- Medical College, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang 312000, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- Medical College, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang 312000, China
| | - Yumeng Fang
- Medical College, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang 312000, China
| | - Danna Fang
- Medical College, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang 312000, China
| | - Yeling Ma
- Medical College, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang 312000, China.
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3
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Tain YL, Hsu CN. Nutritional Approaches Targeting Gut Microbiota in Oxidative-Stress-Associated Metabolic Syndrome: Focus on Early Life Programming. Nutrients 2024; 16:683. [PMID: 38474810 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) denotes a constellation of risk factors associated with the development of cardiovascular disease, with its roots potentially traced back to early life. Given the pivotal role of oxidative stress and dysbiotic gut microbiota in MetS pathogenesis, comprehending their influence on MetS programming is crucial. Targeting these mechanisms during the early stages of life presents a promising avenue for preventing MetS later in life. This article begins by examining detrimental insults during early life that impact fetal programming, ultimately contributing to MetS in adulthood. Following that, we explore the role of oxidative stress and the dysregulation of gut microbiota in the initiation of MetS programming. The review also consolidates existing evidence on how gut-microbiota-targeted interventions can thwart oxidative-stress-associated MetS programming, encompassing approaches such as probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics, and the modulation of bacterial metabolites. While animal studies demonstrate the favorable effects of gut-microbiota-targeted therapy in mitigating MetS programming, further clinical investigations are imperative to enhance our understanding of manipulating gut microbiota and oxidative stress for the prevention of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Lin Tain
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ning Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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4
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Zheng M, Yu H, An T, Shen X. Association between urinary multiple metals and platelet-related parameters: A cross-sectional study in a metal-contaminated area of China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:7828-7836. [PMID: 38170364 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31775-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Previous works have shown that hematological system can be affected by exposure to lead; however, the effects of multiple metals on platelets remain elusive within the population from metal-contaminated areas. Hence, the study enrolled 609 participants, with 396 from a metal-exposed area and 213 from a control area. Platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), thrombocytocrit (PCT), platelet to large cell ratio (P-LCR), and platelet distribution width (PDW) were selected to evaluate platelet function. Stepwise regression and Lasso regression were utilized to identify the most influential metals. Moreover, the generalized linear model (GLM), Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models, and quantile g-computation were employed to estimate the individual or combined effects associations between 12 urinary metals and platelet indices. The results revealed all metals except vanadium, copper, strontium, and molybdenum were significantly higher in the exposed group. The GLM models indicated that urinary metals, including lead, antimony, and arsenic, exhibited associations with PLT, MPV, P-LCR, and PDW. Quantile g-computation and BKMR demonstrated negative correlations between metal mixtures and MPV as well as PDW. In conclusion, the study highlights the associations between multiple metal exposures and platelet indices, suggesting that elevated levels of the metal mixture may impede platelet activation in the population in metal-contaminated areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Hang Yu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Taicheng An
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiantao Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
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5
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Ciurleo GCV, Tavares-Júnior JWL, Vieira CMAG, Braga-Neto P, Oriá RB. Do APOE4 and long COVID-19 increase the risk for neurodegenerative diseases in adverse environments and poverty? Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1229073. [PMID: 37694114 PMCID: PMC10483995 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1229073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella C. V. Ciurleo
- Laboratory of the Biology of Tissue Healing, Ontogeny and Nutrition, Department of Morphology and Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos Meton A. G. Vieira
- Laboratory of the Biology of Tissue Healing, Ontogeny and Nutrition, Department of Morphology and Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Pedro Braga-Neto
- Neurology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
- Health Sciences Center, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Reinaldo B. Oriá
- Laboratory of the Biology of Tissue Healing, Ontogeny and Nutrition, Department of Morphology and Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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6
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Tang W, Zhan W, Chen Q. The mediating role of telomere length in multi-pollutant exposure associated with metabolic syndrome in adults. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:82068-82082. [PMID: 37322399 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28017-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is a chronic and complex disease characterized by environmental and genetic factors. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study assessed the relationship between exposure to a mixture of environmental chemicals and metabolic syndrome (MetS) and further examined whether telomere length (TL) moderated these relationships. A total of 1265 adults aged > 20 years participated in the study. Data on multiple pollutants (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, phthalates, and metals), MetS, leukocyte telomere length (LTL), and confounders were provided in the 2001-2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The correlations between multi-pollutant exposure, TL, and MetS in the males and females were separately assessed using principal component analysis (PCA), logistic and extended linear regression models, Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR), and mediation analysis. Four factors were generated in PCA that accounted for 76.2% and 77.5% of the total environmental pollutants in males and females, respectively. The highest quantiles of PC2 and PC4 were associated with the risk of TL shortening (P < 0.05). We observed that the relationship between PC2, PC4, and MetS risk was significant in the participants with median TL levels (P for trend = 0.04 for PC2, and P for trend = 0.01 for PC4). Furthermore, mediation analysis revealed that TL could explain 26.1% and 17.1% of the effects of PC2 and PC4 associated with MetS in males, respectively. The results of BKMR model revealed that these associations were mainly driven by 1-PYE (cPIP = 0.65) and Cd (cPIP = 0.29) in PC2. Meanwhile, TL could explain 17.7% of the mediation effects of PC2 associated with MetS in the females. However, the relationships between pollutants and MetS were sparse and inconsistent in the females. Our findings suggest that the effects of the risk of MetS associated with mixed exposure to multiple pollutants are mediated by TL, and this mediating effect in the males is more pronounced than that in the females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Tang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenqiang Zhan
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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7
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Srisuporn P, Navasumrit P, Ngaotepprutaram T, Chaisatra K, Hunsonti P, Ruchirawat M. Arsenic exposure alters the expression of genes related to metabolic diseases in differentiated adipocytes and in newborns and children. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2023; 250:114124. [PMID: 36989998 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2023.114124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying the association between prenatal arsenic exposure and the development of metabolic diseases remain unclear. Aberrant adipogenesis and adipokine production are associated with increased risk for the development of metabolic diseases in susceptible populations. Generation of mature adipocytes is tightly regulated by the expression of genes encoding: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARG), fatty acid-binding protein (FABP4), and glucose transporter-4 (SLC2A4), and adipokines such as leptin (LEP) and adiponectin (ADIPOQ). This study aimed to investigate the expression of these genes, which are associated with the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases in newborns and children exposed to arsenic in utero. A high arsenic exposed group showed significantly decreased PPARG and FABP4 expression in cord blood samples from newborns and in saliva samples from children. By contrast, the expression of the SLC2A4 and ADIPOQ mRNA was significantly decreased in high-arsenic exposed children. Furthermore, the levels of toenail arsenic were negatively correlated with the salivary mRNA expression levels of PPARG (r = -0.412, p < 0.01), aP2 (r = -0.329, p < 0.05), and SLC2A4 (r = -0.528, p < 0.01). In vitro studies utilizing umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) as a surrogate for fetal MSCs showed that arsenite treatment (0.5 μM and 1 μM) significantly impaired adipogenic differentiation in a concentration dependent manner. Such impairment may be related to a significant decrease in the expression of: PPARγ, FABP4, and SLC2A4 observed at 1 μM arsenite. Arsenite treatment also promoted inflammation through a significant increase in the mRNA expression levels of the pro-inflammatory adipokine, LEP, and the inflammatory cytokines: CXCL6, IL-1β, and CXCL8. Collectively, our results suggests that such alterations may be a consequence of the effects of arsenic exposure on fetal MSCs eventually leading to impaired adipogenic differentiation and the promotion of inflammation, both of which contribute to the development of metabolic diseases later in life.
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8
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Saedi S, Watson SE, Young JL, Tan Y, Wintergerst KA, Cai L. Does maternal low-dose cadmium exposure increase the risk of offspring to develop metabolic syndrome and/or type 2 diabetes? Life Sci 2023; 315:121385. [PMID: 36634865 PMCID: PMC9912173 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium is a hazardous metal with multiple organ toxicity that causes great harm to human health. Cadmium enters the human body through occupational exposure, diet, drinking water, breathing, and smoking. Cadmium accumulation in the human body is associated with increased risk of developing obesity, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Cadmium uptake is enhanced during pregnancy and can cross the placenta affecting placental development and function. Subsequently, cadmium can pass to fetus, gathering in multiple organs such as the liver and pancreas. Early-life cadmium exposure can induce hepatic oxidative stress and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, resulting in insulin resistance and glucose metabolic dyshomeostasis in the offspring. Prenatal exposure to cadmium is also associated with increasing epigenetic effects on the offspring's multi-organ functions. However, whether and how maternal exposure to low-dose cadmium impacts the risks of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the young and/or adult offspring remains unclear. This review collected available data to address the current evidence for the potential role of cadmium exposure, leading to insulin resistance and the development of T2D in offspring. However, this review reveals that underlying mechanisms linking prenatal cadmium exposure during pregnancy with T2D in offspring remain to be adequately investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saman Saedi
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sara E Watson
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Wendy Novak Diabetes Institute, Norton Children's Hospital, Louisville, KY, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Norton Children's Hospital, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Jamie L Young
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; The Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Yi Tan
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Wendy Novak Diabetes Institute, Norton Children's Hospital, Louisville, KY, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Kupper A Wintergerst
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Wendy Novak Diabetes Institute, Norton Children's Hospital, Louisville, KY, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Norton Children's Hospital, Louisville, KY, USA; The Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Lu Cai
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Wendy Novak Diabetes Institute, Norton Children's Hospital, Louisville, KY, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; The Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
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9
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Tain YL, Hsu CN. Metabolic Syndrome Programming and Reprogramming: Mechanistic Aspects of Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2108. [PMID: 36358480 PMCID: PMC9686950 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a worldwide public health issue characterized by a set of risk factors for cardiovascular disease. MetS can originate in early life by developmental programming. Increasing evidence suggests that oxidative stress, which is characterized as an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), and antioxidant systems, plays a decisive role in MetS programming. Results from human and animal studies indicate that maternal-derived insults induce MetS later in life, accompanied by oxidative stress programming of various organ systems. On the contrary, perinatal use of antioxidants can offset oxidative stress and thereby prevent MetS traits in adult offspring. This review provides an overview of current knowledge about the core mechanisms behind MetS programming, with particular focus on the occurrence of oxidative-stress-related pathogenesis as well as the use of potential oxidative-stress-targeted interventions as a reprogramming strategy to avert MetS of developmental origins. Future clinical studies should provide important proof of concept for the effectiveness of these reprogramming interventions to prevent a MetS epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Lin Tain
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ning Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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Maternal Supplementation of Probiotics, Prebiotics or Postbiotics to Prevent Offspring Metabolic Syndrome: The Gap between Preclinical Results and Clinical Translation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231710173. [PMID: 36077575 PMCID: PMC9456151 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231710173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an extremely prevalent complex trait and it can originate in early life. This concept is now being termed the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD). Increasing evidence supports that disturbance of gut microbiota influences various risk factors of MetS. The DOHaD theory provides an innovative strategy to prevent MetS through early intervention (i.e., reprogramming). In this review, we summarize the existing literature that supports how environmental cues induced MetS of developmental origins and the interplay between gut microbiota and other fundamental underlying mechanisms. We also present an overview of experimental animal models addressing implementation of gut microbiota-targeted reprogramming interventions to avert the programming of MetS. Even with growing evidence from animal studies supporting the uses of gut microbiota-targeted therapies start before birth to protect against MetS of developmental origins, their effects on pregnant women are still unknown and these results require further clinical translation.
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11
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González MC. Prenatal exposure to persistent organic pollutants as a risk factor of offspring metabolic syndrome development during childhood. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2022; 37:61-70. [PMID: 33866704 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2020-0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) are exogenous, artificially made chemicals that can disrupt the biological system of individuals and animals. POPs encompass a variety of chemicals including, dioxins, organochlorines (OCs), polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs), and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) that contain a long half-life and highly resistant to biodegradation. These environmental pollutants accumulate over time in adipose tissues of living organisms and alter various insulin function-related genes. Childhood Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) consists of multiple cardiovascular risk factors, insulin function being one of them. Over the years, the incidence of the syndrome has increased dramatically. It is imperative to explore the role of persistent organic pollutants in the development of Childhood Metabolic Syndrome. Some epidemiological studies have reported an association between prenatal exposure to POPs and offspring MetS development throughout childhood. These findings have been replicated in animal studies in which these pollutants exercise negative health outcomes such as obesity and increased waist circumference. This review discusses the role of prenatal exposure to POPs among offspring who develop MetS in childhood, the latest research on the MetS concept, epidemiological and experimental findings on MetS, and the POPs modes of action. This literature review identified consistent research results on this topic. Even though the studies in this review had many strengths, one major weakness was the usage of different combinations of MetS criteria to measure the outcomes. These findings elucidate the urgent need to solidify the pediatric MetS definition. An accurate definition will permit scientists to measure the MetS as a health outcome properly and allow clinicians to diagnose pediatric MetS and provide individualized treatment appropriately.
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12
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Hsu CN, Hou CY, Hsu WH, Tain YL. Early-Life Origins of Metabolic Syndrome: Mechanisms and Preventive Aspects. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111872. [PMID: 34769303 PMCID: PMC8584419 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the leading global public-health burdens is metabolic syndrome (MetS), despite the many advances in pharmacotherapies. MetS, now known as "developmental origins of health and disease" (DOHaD), can have its origins in early life. Offspring MetS can be programmed by various adverse early-life conditions, such as nutrition imbalance, maternal conditions or diseases, maternal chemical exposure, and medication use. Conversely, early interventions have shown potential to revoke programming processes to prevent MetS of developmental origins, namely reprogramming. In this review, we summarize what is currently known about adverse environmental insults implicated in MetS of developmental origins, including the fundamental underlying mechanisms. We also describe animal models that have been developed to study the developmental programming of MetS. This review extends previous research reviews by addressing implementation of reprogramming strategies to prevent the programming of MetS. These mechanism-targeted strategies include antioxidants, melatonin, resveratrol, probiotics/prebiotics, and amino acids. Much work remains to be accomplished to determine the insults that could induce MetS, to identify the mechanisms behind MetS programming, and to develop potential reprogramming strategies for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Ning Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan;
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yao Hou
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan;
| | - Wei-Hsuan Hsu
- Department of Food Safety/Hygiene and Risk Management, College of Medicine, National Chen Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan;
| | - You-Lin Tain
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-975-056-995; Fax: +886-7733-8009
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13
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LaKind JS, Burns CJ, Pottenger LH, Naiman DQ, Goodman JE, Marchitti SA. Does ozone inhalation cause adverse metabolic effects in humans? A systematic review. Crit Rev Toxicol 2021; 51:467-508. [PMID: 34569909 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2021.1965086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
We utilized a practical, transparent approach for systematically reviewing a chemical-specific evidence base. This approach was used for a case study of ozone inhalation exposure and adverse metabolic effects (overweight/obesity, Type 1 diabetes [T1D], Type 2 diabetes [T2D], and metabolic syndrome). We followed the basic principles of systematic review. Studies were defined as "Suitable" or "Supplemental." The evidence for Suitable studies was characterized as strong or weak. An overall causality judgment for each outcome was then determined as either causal, suggestive, insufficient, or not likely. Fifteen epidemiologic and 33 toxicologic studies were Suitable for evidence synthesis. The strength of the human evidence was weak for all outcomes. The toxicologic evidence was weak for all outcomes except two: body weight, and impaired glucose tolerance/homeostasis and fasting/baseline hyperglycemia. The combined epidemiologic and toxicologic evidence was categorized as weak for overweight/obesity, T1D, and metabolic syndrome,. The association between ozone exposure and T2D was determined to be insufficient or suggestive. The streamlined approach described in this paper is transparent and focuses on key elements. As systematic review guidelines are becoming increasingly complex, it is worth exploring the extent to which related health outcomes should be combined or kept distinct, and the merits of focusing on critical elements to select studies suitable for causal inference. We recommend that systematic review results be used to target discussions around specific research needs for advancing causal determinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judy S LaKind
- LaKind Associates, LLC, Catonsville, MD, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Carol J Burns
- Burns Epidemiology Consulting, LLC, Sanford, MI, USA
| | | | - Daniel Q Naiman
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Hefner M, Baliga V, Amphay K, Ramos D, Hegde V. Cardiometabolic Modification of Amyloid Beta in Alzheimer's Disease Pathology. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:721858. [PMID: 34497507 PMCID: PMC8419421 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.721858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, several studies have suggested that cardiometabolic disorders, such as diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, share strong connections with the onset of neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, establishing a definitive link between medical disorders with coincident pathophysiologies is difficult due to etiological heterogeneity and underlying comorbidities. For this reason, amyloid β (Aβ), a physiological peptide derived from the sequential proteolysis of amyloid precursor protein (APP), serves as a crucial link that bridges the gap between cardiometabolic and neurodegenerative disorders. Aβ normally regulates neuronal synaptic function and repair; however, the intracellular accumulation of Aβ within the brain has been observed to play a critical role in AD pathology. A portion of Aβ is believed to originate from the brain itself and can readily cross the blood-brain barrier, while the rest resides in peripheral tissues that express APP required for Aβ generation such as the liver, pancreas, kidney, spleen, skin, and lungs. Consequently, numerous organs contribute to the body pool of total circulating Aβ, which can accumulate in the brain and facilitate neurodegeneration. Although the accumulation of Aβ corresponds with the onset of neurodegenerative disorders, the direct function of periphery born Aβ in AD pathophysiology is currently unknown. This review will highlight the contributions of individual cardiometabolic diseases including cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes (T2D), obesity, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in elevating concentrations of circulating Aβ within the brain, as well as discuss the comorbid association of Aβ with AD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marleigh Hefner
- Obesity and Metabolic Health Laboratory, Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Vineet Baliga
- College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Kailinn Amphay
- Obesity and Metabolic Health Laboratory, Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Daniela Ramos
- Obesity and Metabolic Health Laboratory, Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Vijay Hegde
- Obesity and Metabolic Health Laboratory, Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
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15
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Muciño-Sandoval K, Ariza AC, Ortiz-Panozo E, Pizano-Zárate ML, Mercado-García A, Wright R, Maria Téllez-Rojo M, Sanders AP, Tamayo-Ortiz M. Prenatal and Early Childhood Exposure to Lead and Repeated Measures of Metabolic Syndrome Risk Indicators From Childhood to Preadolescence. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:750316. [PMID: 34778140 PMCID: PMC8586085 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.750316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Exposure to lead (Pb) during the early life stages has been associated with the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Longitudinal studies of Pb exposure in critical developmental windows in children are limited. Methods: Our study included 601 mother-child dyads from the PROGRESS (Programming Research in Obesity, Growth, Environment and Social Stressors) birth cohort. Blood lead levels (BLLs) were assessed during the second and third gestational trimesters, in cord blood at delivery, and at ages 1, 2, and 4 years. Bone lead levels in the patella and tibia were assessed at 1 month postpartum and evaluated in separate models. To account for cumulative exposure (prenatal, postnatal, and cumulative), we dichotomized the BLLs at each stage visit and determined the following: "higher" if a BLL was at least once above the median (HPb) and "lower" if all BLLs were below the median (LPb). We analyzed fasting glucose, HbA1c, triglycerides (TGs), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (cHDL), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (cLDL), body mass index, waist circumference (WC), body fat percentage, and systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) at two study visits between 6 and 12 years of age and created cutoff points based on the clinical guidelines for each indicator. Mixed effects models were used to analyze each outcome longitudinally for each BLL score, adjusting for child's sex, size for gestational age, child's age, maternal parity, mother's age, and socioeconomic status. Results: We observed associations for HPb exposure and TC in all stages (OR = 0.53, 95%CI = 0.32-0.86) and postnatally (OR = 0.59, 95%CI = 0.36-0.94) and for prenatal HPb and TGs (OR = 0.65, 95%CI = 0.44-0.95). HPb at all stages was associated with WC (OR = 0.27, 95%CI = 0.08-0.86), BMI (OR = 0.33, 95%CI = 0.11-0.99), SBP (OR = 0.53, 95%CI = 0.32-0.85), and DBP (OR = 0.57, 95%CI = 0.34-0.95). Pb levels in the patella were associated with cHDL (OR = 1.03, 95%CI = 1.00-1.07) and those in the tibia with TGs (OR = 0.95, 95%CI = 0.91-0.99). Conclusion: Early life exposure to Pb may alter early indicators of MetS. A follow-up of these children will allow for more definition on the impact of longer-term exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Muciño-Sandoval
- Research Center for Health and Nutrition, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Ana Carolina Ariza
- Research Center for Health and Nutrition, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Ortiz-Panozo
- Research Center for Population Health, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - María Luisa Pizano-Zárate
- Division for Research and Community Interventions, National Institute of Perinatology, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Adriana Mercado-García
- Research Center for Health and Nutrition, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Robert Wright
- Departments of Environmental Medicine and Public Health and Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Martha Maria Téllez-Rojo
- Research Center for Health and Nutrition, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Alison P Sanders
- Departments of Environmental Medicine and Public Health and Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Marcela Tamayo-Ortiz
- Occupational Health Research Unit, Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
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16
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Young JL, Cai L. Implications for prenatal cadmium exposure and adverse health outcomes in adulthood. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 403:115161. [PMID: 32721433 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium is a ubiquitous, non-essential metal that has earned a spot on the World Health Organizations top 10 chemicals of major public health concern. The mechanisms of cadmium-induced adverse health outcomes, such as cardiovascular disease, renal toxicity and cancer, are well studied in adults. However, the implications for early life exposures to low-level cadmium leading to increased risk of developing diseases in adulthood remains elusive. Epidemiological investigation of the long term implications of cadmium-associated adverse birth outcomes are limited and studies do not extend into adulthood. This review will summarize the literature on the non-lethal, adverse health effects associated with prenatal and early life exposure to cadmium and the implications of these exposures in the development of diseases later in life. In addition, this review will highlight possible mechanisms responsible for these outcomes as well as address the inconsistencies in the literature. More recent studies have addressed sex as a biological variable, showing prenatal cadmium exposure elicits sex-specific outcomes that would otherwise be masked by pooling male and female data. Furthermore, researchers have begun to investigate the role of prenatal and early life cadmium exposures in the development of diet-induced diseases with evidence of altered essential metal homeostasis as a likely mechanism for cadmium-enhanced, diet-induced diseases. Although novel experimental models are beginning to be established to study the association between prenatal cadmium exposure and adverse health outcomes in adulthood, the studies are few, highlighting a major need for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie L Young
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
| | - Lu Cai
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Radiation Oncology, Pediatric Research Institute, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
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Young JL, Cai L, States JC. Impact of prenatal arsenic exposure on chronic adult diseases. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2018; 64:469-483. [PMID: 29873257 PMCID: PMC6291241 DOI: 10.1080/19396368.2018.1480076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to environmental stressors during susceptible windows of development can result in negative health outcomes later in life, a concept known as the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD). There is a growing body of evidence that exposures to metals early in life (in utero and postnatal) increase the risk of developing adult diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and diabetes. Of particular concern is exposure to the metalloid arsenic, a drinking water contaminant and worldwide health concern. Epidemiological studies of areas with high levels of arsenic in the drinking water, such as some regions in Chile and Bangladesh, indicate an association between in utero arsenic exposure and the development of adult diseases. Therefore, the need for experimental models to address the mechanism underlining early onset of adult diseases have emerged including the in utero and whole-life exposure models. This review will highlight the epidemiological events and subsequent novel experimental models implemented to study the impact of early life exposure to arsenic on the development of adult diseases. In addition, current research using these models will be discussed as well as possible underlying mechanism for the early onset of disease. Abbreviations: ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AMI: acute myocardial infarction; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; ATSDR: Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry; CVD: cardiovascular disease; DMA: dimethylarsinate; DOHaD: Developmental Origins of Health and Disease; EPA: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; ER-α: estrogen receptor alpha; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; HOMA-IR: homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance; iAs: inorganic arsenic; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; MetS: metabolic syndrome; MMA: monomethylarsonate; NAFLD: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; PND: postnatal day; ppb: parts per billion; ppm: parts per million; SAM: S-adenosylmethionine; USFDA: United States Food and Drug Administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie L. Young
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, 505 S. Hancock St, Louisville, KY., 40202. USA Tel.: +1 502 852 2631.
| | - Lu Cai
- Pediatric Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics, Radiation Oncology and pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, 570 S. Preston St, Room 304F, Louisville, KY., 40202. USA Tel,: +1 502 852 2214.
| | - J. Christopher States
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, 505 S. Hancock St, Room 304, Louisville, KY., 40202. USA Tel.: +1 502 852 5347.
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18
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Tain YL, Hsu CN. Developmental Programming of the Metabolic Syndrome: Can We Reprogram with Resveratrol? Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092584. [PMID: 30200293 PMCID: PMC6164855 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a mounting epidemic worldwide. MetS can start in early life, in a microenvironment that is now known as the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD). The concept of DOHaD also offers opportunities for reprogramming strategies that aim to reverse programming processes in early life. Resveratrol, a polyphenolic compound has a wide spectrum of beneficial effects on human health. In this review, we first summarize the epidemiological and experimental evidence supporting the developmental programming of MetS. This review also presents an overview of the evidence linking different molecular targets of resveratrol to developmental programming of MetS-related disorders. This will be followed by studies documenting resveratrol as a reprogramming agent to protect against MetS-related disorders. Further clinical studies are required in order to bridge the gap between animal models and clinical trials in order to establish the effective dose and therapeutic duration for resveratrol as a reprogramming therapy on MetS disorders from developmental origins.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Lin Tain
- Departments of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
| | - Chien-Ning Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
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19
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Mehrdad R, Pouryaghoub G, Moradi M. Association between Metabolic Syndrome and Job Rank. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE 2018; 9:45-51. [PMID: 29319054 PMCID: PMC6466972 DOI: 10.15171/ijoem.2018.1197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background:
The occupation of the people can influence the development of metabolic syndrome.
Objective:
To determine the association between metabolic syndrome and its determinants with the job rank in workers of a large car factory in Iran.
Methods:
3989 male workers at a large car manufacturing company were invited to participate in this cross-sectional study. Demographic and anthropometric data of the participants, including age, height, weight, and abdominal circumference were measured. Blood samples were taken to measure lipid profile and blood glucose level. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed in each participant based on ATPIII 2001 criteria. The workers were categorized based on their job rank into 3 groups of (1) office workers, (2) workers with physical exertion, and (3) workers with chemical exposure. The study characteristics, particularly the frequency of metabolic syndrome and its determinants were compared among the study groups.
Results:
The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in our study was 7.7% (95% CI 6.9 to 8.5). HDL levels were significantly lower in those who had chemical exposure (p=0.045). Diastolic blood pressure was significantly higher in those who had mechanical exertion (p=0.026). The frequency of metabolic syndrome in the office workers, workers with physical exertion, and workers with chemical exposure was 7.3%, 7.9%, and 7.8%, respectively (p=0.836).
Conclusion:
Seemingly, there is no association between metabolic syndrome and job rank.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Mehrdad
- Center for Research on Occupational Diseases, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Pouryaghoub
- Center for Research on Occupational Diseases, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahboubeh Moradi
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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20
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Tinkov AA, Filippini T, Ajsuvakova OP, Aaseth J, Gluhcheva YG, Ivanova JM, Bjørklund G, Skalnaya MG, Gatiatulina ER, Popova EV, Nemereshina ON, Vinceti M, Skalny AV. The role of cadmium in obesity and diabetes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 601-602:741-755. [PMID: 28577409 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.05.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Multiple studies have shown an association between environmental exposure to hazardous chemicals including toxic metals and obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. At the same time, the existing data on the impact of cadmium exposure on obesity and diabetes are contradictory. Therefore, the aim of the present work was to review the impact of cadmium exposure and status on the risk and potential etiologic mechanisms of obesity and diabetes. In addition, since an effect of cadmium exposure on incidence of diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance was suggested by several epidemiologic studies, we carried out a meta-analysis of all studies assessing risk of prevalence and incidence of diabetes. By comparing the highest versus the lowest cadmium exposure category, we found a high risk of diabetes incidence (odds ratio=1.38, 95% confidence interval 1.12-1.71), which was higher for studies using urine as exposure assessment. On the converse, results of epidemiologic studies linking cadmium exposure and overweight or obesity are far less consistent and even conflicting, also depending on differences in exposure levels and the specific marker of exposure (blood, urine, hair, nails). In turn, laboratory studies demonstrated that cadmium adversely affects adipose tissue physiopathology through several mechanisms, thus contributing to increased insulin resistance and enhancing diabetes. However, intimate biological mechanisms linking Cd exposure with obesity and diabetes are still to be adequately investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey A Tinkov
- Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia; Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg, Russia; RUDN University, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Tommaso Filippini
- CREAGEN, Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Jan Aaseth
- Department of Public Health, Hedmark University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway; Research Department, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway
| | - Yordanka G Gluhcheva
- Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Juliana M Ivanova
- Faculty of Medicine, Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, Mo i Rana, Norway
| | | | - Eugenia R Gatiatulina
- Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg, Russia; South-Ural State Medical University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - Elizaveta V Popova
- Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg, Russia; St Joseph University in Tanzania, St Joseph College of Health Sciences, Dar es salaam, Tanzania
| | | | - Marco Vinceti
- CREAGEN, Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Anatoly V Skalny
- Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia; RUDN University, Moscow, Russia; Orenburg State Pedagogical University, Orenburg, Russia
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21
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Wang G, Johnson S, Gong Y, Polk S, Divall S, Radovick S, Moon M, Paige D, Hong X, Caruso D, Chen Z, Mallow E, Walker SO, Mao G, Pearson C, Wang MC, Zuckerman B, Cheng TL, Wang X. Weight Gain in Infancy and Overweight or Obesity in Childhood across the Gestational Spectrum: a Prospective Birth Cohort Study. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29867. [PMID: 27417566 PMCID: PMC4945912 DOI: 10.1038/srep29867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the optimal degree of weight gain across the gestational spectrum in 1971 children enrolled at birth and followed up to age 7 years. Weight gain in infancy was categorized into four groups based on weight gain z-scores: slow (<-0.67), on track (-0.67 to 0.67), rapid (0.67 to 1.28), and extremely rapid (>1.28). Underweight and overweight or obesity (OWO) were defined as a body mass index ≤5(th) and ≥85(th) percentile, respectively, for age and gender. In our population, OWO was far more common than underweight (39.7% vs. 3.6%). Weight gain tracked strongly from age 4 to 24 months, and was positively associated with OWO and an unfavorable pattern of metabolic biomarkers, although the degree of weight gain for the risk was different across gestational categories. Extremely rapid weight gain led to a particularly high risk of OWO among children born early term and late preterm: odds ratio: 3.3 (95% confidence interval: 1.9 to 5.5) and 3.7 (1.8 to 7.5), respectively, as compared to those with on track weight gain. Our findings suggest that monitoring and ensuring optimal weight gain across the entire gestational spectrum beginning from birth represents a first step towards primary prevention of childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoying Wang
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Center on Early Life Origins of Disease, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
| | - Sara Johnson
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Center on Early Life Origins of Disease, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
- Division of General Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Yiwei Gong
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, USA.
| | - Sarah Polk
- Division of General Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Sara Divall
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Sally Radovick
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Margaret Moon
- Division of General Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - David Paige
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Center on Early Life Origins of Disease, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
| | - Xiumei Hong
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Center on Early Life Origins of Disease, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
| | - Deanna Caruso
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Center on Early Life Origins of Disease, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
| | - Zhu Chen
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Center on Early Life Origins of Disease, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
| | - Eric Mallow
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Center on Early Life Origins of Disease, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
| | - Sheila O. Walker
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Center on Early Life Origins of Disease, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
| | - Guangyun Mao
- School of Environmental Science & Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University Center on Clinical & Epidemiological Eye Research, the Affiliated Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou, China
| | - Colleen Pearson
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, USA
| | - Mei-Cheng Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
| | - Barry Zuckerman
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, USA
| | - Tina L. Cheng
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Center on Early Life Origins of Disease, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
- Division of General Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Center on Early Life Origins of Disease, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
- Division of General Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
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Combined Effects of Prenatal Exposures to Environmental Chemicals on Birth Weight. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:ijerph13050495. [PMID: 27187434 PMCID: PMC4881120 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13050495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal chemical exposure has been frequently associated with reduced fetal growth by single pollutant regression models although inconsistent results have been obtained. Our study estimated the effects of exposure to single pollutants and mixtures on birth weight in 248 mother-child pairs. Arsenic, copper, lead, manganese and thallium were measured in cord blood, cadmium in maternal blood, methylmercury in maternal hair, and five organochlorines, two perfluorinated compounds and diethylhexyl phthalate metabolites in cord plasma. Daily exposure to particulate matter was modeled and averaged over the duration of gestation. In single pollutant models, arsenic was significantly associated with reduced birth weight. The effect estimate increased when including cadmium, and mono-(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate (MECPP) co-exposure. Combining exposures by principal component analysis generated an exposure factor loaded by cadmium and arsenic that was associated with reduced birth weight. MECPP induced gender specific effects. In girls, the effect estimate was doubled with co-exposure of thallium, PFOS, lead, cadmium, manganese, and mercury, while in boys, the mixture of MECPP with cadmium showed the strongest association with birth weight. In conclusion, birth weight was consistently inversely associated with exposure to pollutant mixtures. Chemicals not showing significant associations at single pollutant level contributed to stronger effects when analyzed as mixtures.
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Tshala-Katumbay D, Mwanza JC, Rohlman DS, Maestre G, Oriá RB. A global perspective on the influence of environmental exposures on the nervous system. Nature 2015; 527:S187-92. [PMID: 26580326 PMCID: PMC4772865 DOI: 10.1038/nature16034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Economic transitions in the era of globalization warrant a fresh look at the neurological risks associated with environmental change. These are driven by industrial expansion, transfer and mobility of goods, climate change and population growth. In these contexts, risk of infectious and non-infectious diseases are shared across geographical boundaries. In low- and middle-income countries, the risk of environmentally mediated brain disease is augmented several fold by lack of infrastructure, poor health and safety regulations, and limited measures for environmental protection. Neurological disorders may occur as a result of direct exposure to chemical and/or non-chemical stressors, including but not limited to, ultrafine particulate matters. Individual susceptibilities to exposure-related diseases are modified by genetic, epigenetic and metagenomic factors. The existence of several uniquely exposed populations, including those in the areas surrounding the Niger Delta or north western Amazon oil operations; those working in poorly regulated environments, such as artisanal mining industries; or those, mostly in sub-Saharan Africa, relying on cassava as a staple food, offers invaluable opportunities to advance the current understanding of brain responses to environmental challenges. Increased awareness of the brain disorders that are prevalent in low- and middle-income countries and investments in capacity for further environmental health-related research are positive steps towards improving human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desire Tshala-Katumbay
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health &Science University, Portland, Oregon, 97239, USA.,National Institute of Biomedical Research, 1197 Kinshasa I, Congo.,Department of Neurology, University of Kinshasa, 825 Kinshasa XI, Congo
| | - Jean-Claude Mwanza
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Diane S Rohlman
- Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa 52242, USA.,Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, 97239, USA
| | - Gladys Maestre
- G. H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA
| | - Reinaldo B Oriá
- Department of Morphology and Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza 60020, Brazil
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Andra SS, Austin C, Arora M. Tooth matrix analysis for biomonitoring of organic chemical exposure: Current status, challenges, and opportunities. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2015; 142:387-406. [PMID: 26219084 PMCID: PMC4609267 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2015.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 06/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological evidence supports associations between prenatal exposure to environmental organic chemicals and childhood health impairments. Unlike the common choice of biological matrices such as urine and blood that can be limited by short half-lives for some chemicals, teeth provide a stable repository for chemicals with half-life in the order of decades. Given the potential of the tooth bio-matrix to study long-term exposures to environmental organic chemicals in human biomonitoring programs, it is important to be aware of possible pitfalls and potential opportunities to improve on the current analytical method for tooth organics analysis. We critically review previous results of studies of this topic. The major drawbacks and challenges in currently practiced concepts and analytical methods in utilizing tooth bio-matrix are (i) no consideration of external (from outer surface) or internal contamination (from micro-odontoblast processes), (ii) the misleading assumption that whole ground teeth represent prenatal exposures (latest formed dentine is lipid rich and therefore would absorb and accumulate more organic chemicals), (iii) reverse causality in exposure assessment due to whole ground teeth, and (iv) teeth are a precious bio-matrix and grinding them raises ethical concerns about appropriate use of a very limited resource in exposure biology and epidemiology studies. These can be overcome by addressing the important limitations and possible improvements with the analytical approach associated at each of the following steps: (i) tooth sample preparation to retain exposure timing, (ii) organics extraction and pre-concentration to detect ultra-trace levels of analytes, (iii) chromatography separation, (iv) mass spectrometric detection to detect multi-class organics simultaneously, and (v) method validation, especially to exclude chance findings. To highlight the proposed improvements we present findings from a pilot study that utilizes tooth matrix biomarkers to obtain trimester-specific exposure information for a range of organic chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syam S Andra
- Exposure Biology, Lautenberg Environmental Health Sciences Laboratory, Department of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Christine Austin
- Exposure Biology, Lautenberg Environmental Health Sciences Laboratory, Department of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Faculty of Dentistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Manish Arora
- Exposure Biology, Lautenberg Environmental Health Sciences Laboratory, Department of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Faculty of Dentistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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Agay-Shay K, Martinez D, Valvi D, Garcia-Esteban R, Basagaña X, Robinson O, Casas M, Sunyer J, Vrijheid M. Exposure to Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals during Pregnancy and Weight at 7 Years of Age: A Multi-pollutant Approach. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2015; 123:1030-7. [PMID: 25956007 PMCID: PMC4590760 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1409049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) may induce weight gain and obesity in children, but the obesogenic effects of mixtures have not been studied. OBJECTIVE We evaluated the associations between pre- and perinatal biomarker concentrations of 27 EDCs and child weight status at 7 years of age. METHODS In pregnant women enrolled in a Spanish birth cohort study between 2004 and 2006, we measured the concentrations of 10 phthalate metabolites, bisphenol A, cadmium, arsenic, and lead in two maternal pregnancy urine samples; 6 organochlorine compounds in maternal pregnancy serum; mercury in cord blood; and 6 polybrominated diphenyl ether congeners in colostrum. Among 470 children at 7 years, body mass index (BMI) z-scores were calculated, and overweight was defined as BMI > 85th percentile. We estimated associations with EDCs in single-pollutant models and applied principal-component analysis (PCA) on the 27 pollutant concentrations. RESULTS In single-pollutant models, HCB (hexachlorobenzene), βHCH (β-hexachlorocyclohexane), and polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners 138 and 180 were associated with increased child BMI z-scores; and HCB, βHCH, PCB-138, and DDE (dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene) with overweight risk. PCA generated four factors that accounted for 43.4% of the total variance. The organochlorine factor was positively associated with BMI z-scores and with overweight (adjusted RR, tertile 3 vs. 1: 2.59; 95% CI: 1.19, 5.63), and these associations were robust to adjustment for other EDCs. Exposure in the second tertile of the phthalate factor was inversely associated with overweight. CONCLUSIONS Prenatal exposure to organochlorines was positively associated with overweight at age 7 years in our study population. Other EDCs exposures did not confound this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keren Agay-Shay
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
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Singh N, Reza KK, Ali MA, Agrawal VV, Biradar A. Self assembled DC sputtered nanostructured rutile TiO 2 platform for bisphenol A detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 68:633-641. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Khalil N, Chen A, Lee M. Endocrine disruptive compounds and cardio-metabolic risk factors in children. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2014; 19:120-4. [PMID: 25306432 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2014.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC) are exogenous chemicals that can disrupt hormonal signaling system. EDCs are ubiquitous in our environment and many EDC are detectable in humans. With the increasing obesity prevalence in children it is imperative to explore the role of EDC as obesogens. This review summarizes recent epidemiological evidence regarding impact of these EDC on weight gain and metabolic outcomes in children. The EDCs include pharmaceuticals, pesticides, industrial by-products, and cigarette smoke. Current evidence suggests a link between early life exposure to some industrial by-products, synthetic hormones and cigarette smoke with weight gain. However, there is inconclusive evidence of an association between exposure to fungicides, dioxin, phytoestrogens, flame retardants, heavy metals and childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naila Khalil
- 3123 Research Blvd., Suite #200, Center for Global Health, Department of Community Health, Wright State University, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, OH, USA.
| | - Aimin Chen
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Miryoung Lee
- Lifespan Health Research Center, Department of Community Health, Wright State University, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, OH 45420-4006, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Wright State University, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, OH 45404-1815, USA
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