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Hou H, Ji Y, Pan Y, Wang L, Liang Y. Persistent organic pollutants and metabolic diseases: From the perspective of lipid droplets. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 362:124980. [PMID: 39293651 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/20/2024]
Abstract
The characteristic of semi-volatility enables persistent organic pollutants (POPs) almost ubiquitous in the environment. There is increasing concern about the potential risks of exposure to POPs due to their lipophilicity and readily bioaccumulation. Lipid droplets (LDs) are highly dynamic lipid storage organelles, alterations of intracellular LDs play a vital role in the progression of many prevalent metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes (T2D) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This article systematically reviewed the biological processes involved in LDs metabolism, the role of LDs proteins and LDs in metabolic diseases, and summarized updating researches on involvement of POPs in the progression of LDs-related metabolic diseases and potential mechanisms. POPs might change the physiological functions of LDs, also interfere the processes of adipogenesis and lipolysis by altering LDs synthesis, decomposition and function. However, further studies are still needed to explore the underlying mechanism of POPs-induced metabolic diseases, which can offer scientific evidences for metabolic disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixin Hou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
| | - Yaoting Ji
- Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Pan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China.
| | - Yong Liang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
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Léger T, Alilat S, Ferron PJ, Dec L, Bouceba T, Lanceleur R, Huet S, Devriendt-Renault Y, Parinet J, Clément B, Fessard V, Le Hégarat L. Chlordecone-induced hepatotoxicity and fibrosis are mediated by the proteasomal degradation of septins. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 476:135177. [PMID: 39018595 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Chlordecone (CLD) is a pesticide persisting in soils and contaminating food webs. CLD is sequestered in the liver and poorly metabolized into chlordecol (CLDOH). In vitro liver cell models were used to investigate the fate and mechanistic effects of CLD and CLDOH using multiomics. A 3D-cell model was used to investigate whether CLD and CLDOH can affect susceptibility to the metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Hepatocytes were more sensitive to CLD than CLDOH. CLDOH was intensively metabolized into a glucuronide conjugate, whereas CLD was sequestered. CLD but not CLDOH induced a depletion of Septin-2,- 7,- 9,- 10,- 11 due to proteasomal degradation. Septin binding with CLD and CLDOH was confirmed by surface plasmon resonance. CLD disrupted lipid droplet size and increased saturated long-chain dicarboxylic acid production by inhibiting stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) abundance. Neither CLD nor CLDOH induced steatosis, but CLD induced fibrosis in the 3D model of MASLD. To conclude, CLD hepatoxicity is specifically driven by the degradation of septins. CLDOH, was too rapidly metabolized to induce septin degradation. We show that the conversion of CLD to CLDOH reduced hepatotoxicity and fibrosis in liver organoids. This suggests that protective strategies could be explored to reduce the hepatotoxicity of CLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibaut Léger
- ANSES, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, Toxicology of Contaminants Unit, Fougères Laboratory, 35306 Fougères CEDEX, France.
| | - Sarah Alilat
- ANSES, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, Toxicology of Contaminants Unit, Fougères Laboratory, 35306 Fougères CEDEX, France
| | - Pierre-Jean Ferron
- INSERM, University of Rennes, INRAE, Institut NuMeCan (Nutrition, Metabolisms and Cancer) UMR_A 1317, UMR_S 1241, Previtox Network, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Léonie Dec
- ANSES, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, Toxicology of Contaminants Unit, Fougères Laboratory, 35306 Fougères CEDEX, France
| | - Tahar Bouceba
- Sorbonne University, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), Protein Engineering Platform, Molecular Interaction Service, Paris, France
| | - Rachelle Lanceleur
- ANSES, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, Toxicology of Contaminants Unit, Fougères Laboratory, 35306 Fougères CEDEX, France
| | - Sylvie Huet
- ANSES, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, Toxicology of Contaminants Unit, Fougères Laboratory, 35306 Fougères CEDEX, France
| | - Yoann Devriendt-Renault
- ANSES, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, Pesticides and Marine Biotoxins (PBM) unit, Maison-Alfort Laboratory, 94701 Maison-Alfort CEDEX, France
| | - Julien Parinet
- ANSES, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, Pesticides and Marine Biotoxins (PBM) unit, Maison-Alfort Laboratory, 94701 Maison-Alfort CEDEX, France
| | - Bruno Clément
- INSERM, University of Rennes, INRAE, Institut NuMeCan (Nutrition, Metabolisms and Cancer) UMR_A 1317, UMR_S 1241, Previtox Network, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Valérie Fessard
- ANSES, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, Toxicology of Contaminants Unit, Fougères Laboratory, 35306 Fougères CEDEX, France
| | - Ludovic Le Hégarat
- ANSES, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, Toxicology of Contaminants Unit, Fougères Laboratory, 35306 Fougères CEDEX, France
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Pan K, Xu J, Xu Y, Wang C, Yu J. The association between endocrine disrupting chemicals and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Pharmacol Res 2024; 205:107251. [PMID: 38862070 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the leading causes of chronic liver disease worldwide. Epidemiological studies have reported that exposure of the population to environmental endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) is associated with NAFLD. However, EDCs are of different types, and there are inconsistencies in the relevant evidence and descriptions, which have not been systematically summarized so far. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the association between population exposure to EDCs and NAFLD. Three databases, including PubMed, Web of science, and Embase were searched, and 27 articles were included in this study. Methodological quality, heterogeneity, and publication bias of the included studies were assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale, I2 statistics, Begg's test, and Egger's test. The estimated effect sizes of the included studies were pooled and evaluated using the random-effects model (I2 > 50 %) and the fixed-effects model ( I2 < 50 %). The pooled-estimate effect sizes showed that population exposure to Phthalates (PAEs) (OR = 1.18, 95 % CI:1.03-1.34), cadmium (Cd) (OR = 1.37, 95 % CI:1.09-1.72), and bisphenol A (OR = 1.43, 95 % CI:1.24-1.65) were positively correlated with the risk of NAFLD. Exposure to mercury (OR =1.46, 95 % CI:1.17-1.84) and Cd increased the risk of "elevated alanine aminotransferase". On the contrary, no significant association was identified between perfluoroalkyl substances (OR =0.99, 95 % CI:0.93-1.06) and NAFLD. However, female exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid (OR =1.82, 95 % CI:1.01-3.26) led to a higher risk of NAFLD than male exposure. In conclusion, this study revealed that EDCs were risk factors for NAFLD. Nonetheless, the sensitivity analysis results of some of the meta-analyses were not stable and demonstrated high heterogeneity. The evidence for these associations is limited, and more large-scale population-based studies are required to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Pan
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, PR China
| | - Jie Xu
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, PR China
| | - Yuzhu Xu
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, PR China
| | - Chengxing Wang
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, PR China
| | - Jie Yu
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, PR China.
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Li X, Xu B, Yang H, Zhu Z. Gut Microbiota, Human Blood Metabolites, and Esophageal Cancer: A Mendelian Randomization Study. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:729. [PMID: 38927665 PMCID: PMC11203100 DOI: 10.3390/genes15060729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unbalances in the gut microbiota have been proposed as a possible cause of esophageal cancer (ESCA), yet the exact causal relationship remains unclear. PURPOSE To investigate the potential causal relationship between the gut microbiota and ESCA with Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. METHODS Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of 207 gut microbial taxa (5 phyla, 10 classes, 13 orders, 26 families, 48 genera, and 105 species) and 205 gut microbiota metabolic pathways conducted by the Dutch Microbiome Project (DMP) and a FinnGen cohort GWAS of esophageal cancer specified the summary statistics. To investigate the possibility of a mediation effect between the gut microbiota and ESCA, mediation MR analyses were performed for 1091 blood metabolites and 309 metabolite ratios. RESULTS MR analysis indicated that the relative abundance of 10 gut microbial taxa was associated with ESCA but all the 12 gut microbiota metabolic pathways with ESCA indicated no statistically significant association existing. Two blood metabolites and a metabolite ratio were discovered to be mediating factors in the pathway from gut microbiota to ESCA. CONCLUSION This research indicated the potential mediating effects of blood metabolites and offered genetic evidence in favor of a causal correlation between gut microbiota and ESCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuzhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China;
| | - Bingchen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Minimally Invasive Intervention, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China;
| | - Han Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China;
| | - Zhihua Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Thoracic Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
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Tovoli F, Stefanini B, Mandrioli D, Mattioli S, Vornoli A, Sgargi D, Manservisi F, Piscaglia F, Curti S, Bolondi L. Exploring occupational toxicant exposures in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: A prospective pilot study. Dig Liver Dis 2024; 56:571-578. [PMID: 38151451 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2023.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has been traditionally associated with insulin resistance and obesity. Recently, pollutants have been shown to contribute to the development of MASLD. Given the global burden of MASLD, understanding whether pollutants are merely associated with steatosis or contribute to its progression to advanced chronic liver disease (ACLD) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is critical. Workers exposed to occupational toxicants represent an ideal population for assessing the potentially hazardous consequences of professional exposure. Confirming a link between occupational exposure and ACLD/HCC may not only provide further elements in understanding MASLD, but also contribute to preventive strategies for exposed workers. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the prevalence of self-reported occupational exposure to toxicants in patients with MASLD. METHODS This hospital-based prospective pilot study included 201 patients with MASLD. Data on workplace toxicant exposure were collected systematically using a structured questionnaire. Subsequently, patients with ACLD and/or HCC (n = 55) were compared to controls (n = 146). Logistic regression analysis and propensity score models were used to investigate the associations between self-reported occupational exposure and ACLD and/or HCC. RESULTS Patients with ACLD/HCC reported exposure to metals, halogenated refrigerants, pain/resins, and fuel emissions more often than the controls. After controlling for confounders, durations of 21-30 years and >30 years of occupational exposure to toxicants showed odds ratios (ORs) of 2.31 (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 1.09-4.88, p = 0.029) and 4.47 (95 % CI: 2.57-7.78, p<0.001), respectively. CONCLUSIONS In this pilot study, patients with MASLD complications were more likely to report workplace toxicant exposure. Our results warrant future multicentre confirmatory studies, as implementing prevention policies may reduce the risk of life-threatening diseases among exposed populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Tovoli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Division of Internal Medicine, Hepatobiliary and Immunoallergic Diseases, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Bernardo Stefanini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniele Mandrioli
- Cesare Maltoni Cancer Research Center, Ramazzini Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Mattioli
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Andrea Vornoli
- Cesare Maltoni Cancer Research Center, Ramazzini Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Daria Sgargi
- Cesare Maltoni Cancer Research Center, Ramazzini Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabiana Manservisi
- Cesare Maltoni Cancer Research Center, Ramazzini Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabio Piscaglia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Division of Internal Medicine, Hepatobiliary and Immunoallergic Diseases, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefania Curti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luigi Bolondi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Sen P, Fan Y, Schlezinger JJ, Ehrlich SD, Webster TF, Hyötyläinen T, Pedersen O, Orešič M. Exposure to environmental toxicants is associated with gut microbiome dysbiosis, insulin resistance and obesity. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 186:108569. [PMID: 38522229 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Environmental toxicants (ETs) are associated with adverse health outcomes. Here we hypothesized that exposures to ETs are linked with obesity and insulin resistance partly through a dysbiotic gut microbiota and changes in the serum levels of secondary bile acids (BAs). Serum BAs, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and additional twenty-seven ETs were measured by mass spectrometry in 264 Danes (121 men and 143 women, aged 56.6 ± 7.3 years, BMI 29.7 ± 6.0 kg/m2) using a combination of targeted and suspect screening approaches. Bacterial species were identified based on whole-genome shotgun sequencing (WGS) of DNA extracted from stool samples. Personalized genome-scale metabolic models (GEMs) of gut microbial communities were developed to elucidate regulation of BA pathways. Subsequently, we compared findings from the human study with metabolic implications of exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in PPARα-humanized mice. Serum levels of twelve ETs were associated with obesity and insulin resistance. High chemical exposure was associated with increased abundance of several bacterial species (spp.) of genus (Anaerotruncus, Alistipes, Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, Clostridium, Dorea, Eubacterium, Escherichia, Prevotella, Ruminococcus, Roseburia, Subdoligranulum, and Veillonella), particularly in men. Conversely, females in the higher exposure group, showed a decrease abundance of Prevotella copri. High concentrations of ETs were correlated with increased levels of secondary BAs including lithocholic acid (LCA), and decreased levels of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA). In silico causal inference analyses suggested that microbiome-derived secondary BAs may act as mediators between ETs and obesity or insulin resistance. Furthermore, these findings were substantiated by the outcome of the murine exposure study. Our combined epidemiological and mechanistic studies suggest that multiple ETs may play a role in the etiology of obesity and insulin resistance. These effects may arise from disruptions in the microbial biosynthesis of secondary BAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Partho Sen
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520, Turku, Finland; School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, 702 81, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Yong Fan
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jennifer J Schlezinger
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stanislav D Ehrlich
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3RX, UK
| | - Thomas F Webster
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tuulia Hyötyläinen
- MTM Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, 702 81, Örebro, Sweden.
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Herlev-Gentofte University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Matej Orešič
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520, Turku, Finland; School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, 702 81, Örebro, Sweden.
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Gelu-Simeon M, Lafrance MJ, Michineau L, Saillard E, Thomé JP, Emond C, Samson M, Multigner L. Inverse association between plasma chlordecone concentrations and progression of alcoholic liver fibrosis: the role of liver metabolism. Environ Health 2024; 23:30. [PMID: 38504260 PMCID: PMC10953091 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-024-01054-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Chlordecone is a persistent organochlorinated insecticide, extensively used in the French West Indies and has been contaminating the population for more than thirty years. Its potentiation effect on hepatotoxic agents has been demonstrated in animal models. We investigated the relationship between environmental exposure to chlordecone and the progression of liver fibrosis. METHODS This study included 182 consecutive patients with chronic alcoholic hepatitis whose liver fibrosis was assessed using non-invasive methods. Measured plasma chlordecone concentrations at inclusion were used as surrogate of long-term exposure under steady-state conditions. As the pharmacokinetic processing of chlordecone is largely determined by the liver, we used a human physiologically based pharmacokinetic model to predict plausible changes in the steady-state blood chlordecone concentrations induced by liver fibrosis. RESULTS With a median follow-up of 27.1 years after the onset of alcohol consumption, we found a significant decrease in the risk of advanced liver fibrosis with increasing plasma chlordecone concentration (adjusted hazard ratio = 0.56; 95% confidence interval: 0.34-0.95 for the highest vs. lowest tertile, p = 0.04). Changes induced by liver fibrosis influenced the pharmacokinetic processing of chlordecone, resulting in substantial modifications in its steady-state blood concentrations. CONCLUSION According to this human model of coexposure to alcohol, reverse causality is the most plausible explanation of this inverse association between plasma chlordecone concentrations and progression of liver fibrosis. This study underlines the importance of considering the pharmacokinetic of environmental contaminants in epidemiological studies when biomarkers of exposure are used to investigate their own impact on the liver. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03373396.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moana Gelu-Simeon
- CHU de la Guadeloupe, Univ Antilles, Inserm, EHESP, IRSET (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, Route de Chauvel, Pointe-à-Pitre Cedex, Guadeloupe, 97159, France.
- Service d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Guadeloupe, Pointe à Pitre, Guadeloupe, France.
| | - Marie-Josée Lafrance
- Service d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Guadeloupe, Pointe à Pitre, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Leah Michineau
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, IRSET (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail) - UMR_S 1085, Avenue du Professeur Léon Bernard, Rennes, F-35000, France
| | - Eric Saillard
- Service d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Guadeloupe, Pointe à Pitre, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Jean Pierre Thomé
- Université de Liège, LEAE -CART, Freshwater and Oceanic Sciences Unit of Research (FOCUS), B6C, Liège, 4000, Belgium
| | - Claude Emond
- PKSH Inc, Crabtree, QC, Canada
- École de Santé Publique, Département de Santé Environnementale et Santé au Travail (DSEST), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michel Samson
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, IRSET (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail) - UMR_S 1085, Avenue du Professeur Léon Bernard, Rennes, F-35000, France.
| | - Luc Multigner
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, IRSET (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail) - UMR_S 1085, Avenue du Professeur Léon Bernard, Rennes, F-35000, France
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Liu Q, Fan G, Bi J, Qin X, Fang Q, Wu M, Mei S, Wan Z, Lv Y, Song L, Wang Y. Associations of polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease among Chinese adults: Effect modification by lifestyle. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 240:117507. [PMID: 37918764 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to environmental pollutants and unhealthy lifestyles are key risk factors for metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). While previous studies have suggested links between exposure to organochlorine pesticides (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and MAFLD, the results have been inconsistent. Furthermore, the combined effects of PCBs and OCPs on MAFLD and whether lifestyle factors can modify the associations remain unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the individual and joint effects of PCBs and OCPs on MAFLD and explore the potential modifying role of lifestyle. The study included 1923 participants from Wuhan, China. MAFLD was diagnosed based on ultrasonically diagnosed hepatic steatosis and the presence of overweight/obese, diabetes mellitus, or metabolic dysregulation. Healthy lifestyle score was determined by smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and diet. Logistic regression and weighted quantile sum (WQS) were used to assess associations of individual and mixture of PCBs/OCPs with MAFLD. To explore the potential lifestyle modification, joint associations of PCBs/OCPs and lifestyle on MAFLD were conducted. Single-pollutant analysis showed positive associations of p,p'-DDE, β-HCH, PCB-153, and PCB-180 with MAFLD, with ORs (95% CIs) of 1.18 (1.05, 1.33), 1.57 (1.20, 2.05), 1.45 (1.14, 1.83), and 1.42 (1.12, 1.80), respectively. WQS regression demonstrated a harmful effect of PCBs/OCPs mixture on MAFLD (OR = 1.73, 95% CI = 1.24, 2.43), with β-HCH, p,p'-DDE, and PCB-180 being the major contributors. In the joint association analysis, participants with both high PCBs/OCPs exposure and unhealthy lifestyle have the highest odds of MAFLD. In conclusion, exposure to the mixture of PCBs and OCPs was positively correlated with MAFLD, and adopting a healthy lifestyle can mitigate the adverse impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, HangKong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Gaojie Fan
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, HangKong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jianing Bi
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, HangKong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiya Qin
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, HangKong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qing Fang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, HangKong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Mingyang Wu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, HangKong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Surong Mei
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhengce Wan
- Health Management Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yongman Lv
- Health Management Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lulu Song
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, HangKong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Youjie Wang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, HangKong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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9
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Jordan-Ward R, von Hippel FA, Wilson CA, Rodriguez Maldonado Z, Dillon D, Contreras E, Gardell A, Minicozzi MR, Titus T, Ungwiluk B, Miller P, Carpenter D, Postlethwait JH, Byrne S, Buck CL. Differential gene expression and developmental pathologies associated with persistent organic pollutants in sentinel fish in Troutman Lake, Sivuqaq, Alaska. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 340:122765. [PMID: 37913975 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are lipophilic compounds that bioaccumulate in animals and biomagnify within food webs. Many POPs are endocrine disrupting compounds that impact vertebrate development. POPs accumulate in the Arctic via global distillation and thereby impact high trophic level vertebrates as well as people who live a subsistence lifestyle. The Arctic also contains thousands of point sources of pollution, such as formerly used defense (FUD) sites. Sivuqaq (St. Lawrence Island), Alaska was used by the U.S. military during the Cold War and FUD sites on the island remain point sources of POP contamination. We examined the effects of POP exposure on ninespine stickleback (Pungitius pungitius) collected from Troutman Lake in the village of Gambell as a model for human exposure and disease. During the Cold War, Troutman Lake was used as a dump site by the U.S. military. We found that PCB concentrations in stickleback exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's guideline for unlimited consumption despite these fish being low trophic level organisms. We examined effects at three levels of biological organization: gene expression, endocrinology, and histomorphology. We found that ninespine stickleback from Troutman Lake exhibited suppressed gonadal development compared to threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) studied elsewhere. Troutman Lake stickleback also displayed two distinct hepatic phenotypes, one with lipid accumulation and one with glycogen-type vacuolation. We compared the transcriptomic profiles of these liver phenotypes using RNA sequencing and found significant upregulation of genes involved in ribosomal and metabolic pathways in the lipid accumulation group. Additionally, stickleback displaying liver lipid accumulation had significantly fewer thyroid follicles than the vacuolated phenotype. Our study and previous work highlight health concerns for people and wildlife due to pollution hotspots in the Arctic, and the need for health-protective remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renee Jordan-Ward
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, 617 S. Beaver St., Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
| | - Frank A von Hippel
- Department of Community, Environment and Policy, Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, 1295 N. Martin Ave., P.O. Box 245210, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
| | - Catherine A Wilson
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, 1254 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
| | - Zyled Rodriguez Maldonado
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, 617 S. Beaver St., Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
| | - Danielle Dillon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, 617 S. Beaver St., Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
| | - Elise Contreras
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, 617 S. Beaver St., Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
| | - Alison Gardell
- School of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences, University of Washington Tacoma, 1900 Commerce Street, Tacoma, WA 98402, USA
| | - Michael R Minicozzi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Minnesota State University Mankato, 242 Trafton Science Center South, Mankato, MN, 56001, USA
| | - Tom Titus
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, 1254 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
| | - Bobby Ungwiluk
- Alaska Community Action on Toxics, 1225 E. International Airport Road, Suite 220, Anchorage, AK 99518, USA
| | - Pamela Miller
- Alaska Community Action on Toxics, 1225 E. International Airport Road, Suite 220, Anchorage, AK 99518, USA
| | - David Carpenter
- Institute for Health and the Environment, University at Albany, 5 University Place, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA
| | - John H Postlethwait
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, 1254 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
| | - Samuel Byrne
- Middlebury College, Department of Biology and Global Health Program, 14 Old Chapel Rd, Middlebury, VT 05753, USA
| | - C Loren Buck
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, 617 S. Beaver St., Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
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10
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Xu K, Li Z, Qiao J, Wang S, Xie P, Zong Z, Hu C. Persistent organic pollutants exposure and risk of autism spectrum disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 336:122439. [PMID: 37619697 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating number of epidemiological studies has recently proposed that improvement in the risk of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is associated with persistent organic pollutants (POPs) exposure. However, evidence from current researches is limited and inconsistent. Thus, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the potential associations comprehensively. We systematically and extensively searched two electronic databases (PubMed and EMBASE) from inception to July 3, 2022 and an updated search was performed before submission. Summary odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were derived from stratified random-effects meta-analyses by type of exposure and outcome. We also tested the potential heterogeneity across studies, conducted sensitivity analysis and evaluated publication bias. A total of 20 studies were finally included in our study. Meta-analytical effect estimates indicated a positive association between prenatal exposure to PCB-138, PCB-153 and PCB-170 and an increased risk of ASD, with OR of 1.89 (95% CI = 1.21-2.95, I2 = 0%), 1.61 (95% CI = 1.05-2.47, I2 = 0%) and 1.46 (95% CI = 1.03-2.06, I2 = 0%) respectively. In contrast, PFDA was found inversely associated with the risk of ASD (OR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.52-0.94, I2 = 0%). The level of evidence supporting a link between ASD risk and exposure to PCB-138, PCB-153, PCB-170, and PFDA was respectively categorized as low, low, moderate, and low. In summary, this systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that exposure to PCB-138, PCB-153, and PCB-170 correlates with a heightened risk of ASD, with evidence levels rated as "low", "low", and "moderate", respectively. In contrast, PFDA exposure appears to be inversely associated with ASD risk, with a "low" level of supporting evidence. However, due to the limited number of studies available for each exposure and outcome pairing, these results should be interpreted with caution. Sufficiently powered studies are needed to validate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Xu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Zhuoyan Li
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jianchao Qiao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Senzheng Wang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Pinpeng Xie
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zong
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Chengyang Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China; Department of Humanistic Medicine, School of Humanistic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China.
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11
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Yang M, Su W, Li H, Li L, An Z, Xiao F, Liu Y, Zhang X, Liu X, Guo H, Li A. Association of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances with hepatic steatosis and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease among patients with acute coronary syndrome. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 264:115473. [PMID: 37722302 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Etiology of hepatic steatosis and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) among acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains unclear. Existing studies suggested the potential role of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in comorbidity of hepatic steatosis among ACS patients. Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional study based on the ACS inpatients to assess the associations of plasma PFAS congeners and mixtures with hepatic steatosis and MAFLD. This study included 546 newly diagnosed ACS patients. Twelve PFAS were quantified using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Hepatic steatosis was defined by hepatic steatosis index (HSI). MAFLD was defined as the combination of hepatic steatosis based on the risk factor calculation with metabolic abnormalities. Generalized linear model was used to examine the associations of PFAS congeners with HSI and MAFLD. Adaptive elastic net (AENET) was further used for PFAS congeners selection. Mixture effects were also assessed with Bayesian kernel machine regression model (BKMR). Congeners analysis observed significant greater percent change of HSI for each doubling in PFOS (1.82%, 95% CI: 0.87%, 2.77%), PFHxS (1.17%, 95% CI: 0.46%, 1.89%) and total PFAS (1.84%, 95% CI: 0.56%, 3.14%). Moreover, each doubling in PFOS (OR=1.42, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.81), PFHxS (OR=1.31, 95% CI: 1.09, 1.59) and total PFAS (OR=1.43, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.94) was associated with increased risk of MAFLD. In AENET regression, only PFOS presented significant positive associations with HSI. Mixture analysis indicated significant positive associations between PFAS mixtures and HSI. This is the first study to demonstrate associations of PFAS congeners and mixtures with hepatic steatosis and MAFLD among ACS patients, which provides hypothesis into the mechanisms behind comorbidity of hepatic steatosis among ACS patients, as well as tertiary prevention of ACS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, PR China; Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, PR China
| | - Weitao Su
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Haoran Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China; Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, PR China
| | - Longfei Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | - Ziwen An
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | - Fang Xiao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | - Xiaoguang Zhang
- Core Facilities and Centers of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | - Xuehui Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | - Huicai Guo
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China.
| | - Ang Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, PR China; Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, PR China.
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12
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Liu C, Ruan J, Ruan F, Ding X, Han C, Huang C, Zhong H, He C, Zuo Z, Huang J. Estradiol protects female mice from hyperuricemia induced by PCB138 exposure. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 261:115093. [PMID: 37270882 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a type of persistent organic pollutant (POP). Our previous study demonstrated that exposure to 0.5-50 μg/kg bw PCB138 during postnatal days (PND) 3-21 led to elevated serum uric acid (UA) levels and kidney injury in adult male mice. Given that the prevalence of hyperuricemia (HUA) is significantly lower in women than in men, it is worth investigating whether POP-induced HUA and its secondary kidney injury have sexual dimorphism. Herein, we exposed female mice to 0.5-50 μg/kg bw PCB138 during PND 3-21, resulting in elevated serum UA levels, but without causing significant kidney damage. Concurrently, we found a negative correlation between serum 17β-estradiol (E2) and serum UA levels. We also observed down-regulation of estrogen receptor (ER) protein levels in the kidneys of the PCB138-exposed groups. Furthermore, our study showed that E2 rescued the increased UA level and cytotoxicity caused by HUA in human renal tubular epithelial (HK-2) cells. Collectively, our findings suggest that E2 likely plays a crucial protective role in PCB138-induced HUA and kidney injury in female mice. Our research highlights the existence of sexual dimorphism in kidney injury secondary to HUA induced by POPs, which could provide guidance for individuals of different genders in preventing kidney injury caused by environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changqian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Department of Nephrology, Fujian Clinical Research Center for Chronic Glomerular Disease, The Fifth Hospital of Xiamen, Xiang'an Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Jinpeng Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Department of Nephrology, Fujian Clinical Research Center for Chronic Glomerular Disease, The Fifth Hospital of Xiamen, Xiang'an Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Fengkai Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Department of Nephrology, Fujian Clinical Research Center for Chronic Glomerular Disease, The Fifth Hospital of Xiamen, Xiang'an Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Department of Nephrology, Fujian Clinical Research Center for Chronic Glomerular Disease, The Fifth Hospital of Xiamen, Xiang'an Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Changshun Han
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Department of Nephrology, Fujian Clinical Research Center for Chronic Glomerular Disease, The Fifth Hospital of Xiamen, Xiang'an Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Chaoqun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Department of Nephrology, Fujian Clinical Research Center for Chronic Glomerular Disease, The Fifth Hospital of Xiamen, Xiang'an Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Hongbin Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Department of Nephrology, Fujian Clinical Research Center for Chronic Glomerular Disease, The Fifth Hospital of Xiamen, Xiang'an Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Chengyong He
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Department of Nephrology, Fujian Clinical Research Center for Chronic Glomerular Disease, The Fifth Hospital of Xiamen, Xiang'an Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Zhenghong Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Department of Nephrology, Fujian Clinical Research Center for Chronic Glomerular Disease, The Fifth Hospital of Xiamen, Xiang'an Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China.
| | - Jiyi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Department of Nephrology, Fujian Clinical Research Center for Chronic Glomerular Disease, The Fifth Hospital of Xiamen, Xiang'an Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China.
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13
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Dolce A, Della Torre S. Sex, Nutrition, and NAFLD: Relevance of Environmental Pollution. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15102335. [PMID: 37242221 DOI: 10.3390/nu15102335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common form of chronic liver disease and represents an increasing public health issue given the limited treatment options and its association with several other metabolic and inflammatory disorders. The epidemic, still growing prevalence of NAFLD worldwide cannot be merely explained by changes in diet and lifestyle that occurred in the last few decades, nor from their association with genetic and epigenetic risk factors. It is conceivable that environmental pollutants, which act as endocrine and metabolic disruptors, may contribute to the spreading of this pathology due to their ability to enter the food chain and be ingested through contaminated food and water. Given the strict interplay between nutrients and the regulation of hepatic metabolism and reproductive functions in females, pollutant-induced metabolic dysfunctions may be of particular relevance for the female liver, dampening sex differences in NAFLD prevalence. Dietary intake of environmental pollutants can be particularly detrimental during gestation, when endocrine-disrupting chemicals may interfere with the programming of liver metabolism, accounting for the developmental origin of NAFLD in offspring. This review summarizes cause-effect evidence between environmental pollutants and increased incidence of NAFLD and emphasizes the need for further studies in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Dolce
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Della Torre
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
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14
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Khan EA, Grønnestad R, Krøkje Å, Bartosov Z, Johanson SM, Müller MHB, Arukwe A. Alteration of hepato-lipidomic homeostasis in A/J mice fed an environmentally relevant PFAS mixture. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 173:107838. [PMID: 36822005 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we have investigated liver lipid homeostasis and corresponding changes in transcript and functional product levels in A/J mice exposed to environmental relevant concentration of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) mixture. Mice were fed environmentally relevant concentrations of a PFAS mixture during a period of 10 weeks. The concentrations of the 8 individual PFAS in the mixture were chosen based on measured concentrations in earthworms at a Norwegian skiing area. Our data show high liver accumulation of ∑PFAS in exposed mice, which paralleled significant elevation in body weight and hepatosomatic index (HSI) of male mice. UPC2 -MS/MS analysis in both positive and negative mode, respectively, indicated significant differences between control and exposure groups in the liver of exposed mice. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the features revealed separation of control and exposure groups in both sexes. From the significantly differential 207 lipids, only 72 were identified and shown to belong to eight different lipid classes. PCA of fatty acids (FAs) profile showed a clear separation between control and PFAS exposure groups in both female and male mice, with differential abundant levels of 5 and 4 hydrolyzed FAs, respectively. Transcript and protein analysis of genes associated with lipid homeostasis (ppar-α and β, lxr-α and β, rxr, fasn and srebp) showed that PFAS exposure produced sex- and individual response related alterations. Glutathione reductase (Gr) activity showed exposure-related changes in both female and male mice, compared with controls. Overall, the present study has demonstrated changes in lipid metabolism after PFAS exposure, showing that PFAS accumulation in the liver resulted to hepatotoxic effects, potential interference with membrane lipid profile and homeostasis, and oxidative stress. Given the structural similarity with FAs, interaction between PFAS and nuclear receptors such as PPARs may have severe consequences for general health and physiology in exposed animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essa A Khan
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Randi Grønnestad
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Åse Krøkje
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Zdenka Bartosov
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Silje Modahl Johanson
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mette H B Müller
- Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Augustine Arukwe
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
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15
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Le Mentec H, Monniez E, Legrand A, Monvoisin C, Lagadic-Gossmann D, Podechard N. A New In Vivo Zebrafish Bioassay Evaluating Liver Steatosis Identifies DDE as a Steatogenic Endocrine Disruptor, Partly through SCD1 Regulation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043942. [PMID: 36835354 PMCID: PMC9959061 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which starts with liver steatosis, is a growing worldwide epidemic responsible for chronic liver diseases. Among its risk factors, exposure to environmental contaminants, such as endocrine disrupting compounds (EDC), has been recently emphasized. Given this important public health concern, regulation agencies need novel simple and fast biological tests to evaluate chemical risks. In this context, we developed a new in vivo bioassay called StAZ (Steatogenic Assay on Zebrafish) using an alternative model to animal experimentation, the zebrafish larva, to screen EDCs for their steatogenic properties. Taking advantage of the transparency of zebrafish larvae, we established a method based on fluorescent staining with Nile red to estimate liver lipid content. Following testing of known steatogenic molecules, 10 EDCs suspected to induce metabolic disorders were screened and DDE, the main metabolite of the insecticide DDT, was identified as a potent inducer of steatosis. To confirm this and optimize the assay, we used it in a transgenic zebrafish line expressing a blue fluorescent liver protein reporter. To obtain insight into DDE's effect, the expression of several genes related to steatosis was analyzed; an up-regulation of scd1 expression, probably relying on PXR activation, was found, partly responsible for both membrane remodeling and steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Le Mentec
- INSERM, EHESP, IRSET (Institut de Recherche en Santé Environnement et Travail)-UMR_S 1085, University of Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Emmanuelle Monniez
- INSERM, EHESP, IRSET (Institut de Recherche en Santé Environnement et Travail)-UMR_S 1085, University of Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Antoine Legrand
- INSERM, EHESP, IRSET (Institut de Recherche en Santé Environnement et Travail)-UMR_S 1085, University of Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Céline Monvoisin
- UMR 1236-MOBIDIC, INSERM, Université Rennes, Etablissement Français du Sang Bretagne, 35043 Rennes, France
| | - Dominique Lagadic-Gossmann
- INSERM, EHESP, IRSET (Institut de Recherche en Santé Environnement et Travail)-UMR_S 1085, University of Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Normand Podechard
- INSERM, EHESP, IRSET (Institut de Recherche en Santé Environnement et Travail)-UMR_S 1085, University of Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France
- Correspondence:
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16
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Chen Y, Wang Y, Cui Z, Liu W, Liu B, Zeng Q, Zhao X, Dou J, Cao J. Endocrine disrupting chemicals: A promoter of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1154837. [PMID: 37033031 PMCID: PMC10075363 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1154837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent liver disorder. With the improvement in human living standards, the prevalence of NAFLD has been increasing in recent years. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are a class of exogenous chemicals that simulate the effects of hormones in the body. There has been growing evidence regarding the potential effects of EDCs on liver health, especially in NAFLD. This paper aims to summarize the major EDCs that contribute to the growing burden of NAFLD and to raise public awareness regarding the hazards posed by EDCs with the objective of reducing the incidence of NAFLD.
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17
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Bernal K, Touma C, Erradhouani C, Boronat-Belda T, Gaillard L, Al Kassir S, Le Mentec H, Martin-Chouly C, Podechard N, Lagadic-Gossmann D, Langouet S, Brion F, Knoll-Gellida A, Babin PJ, Sovadinova I, Babica P, Andreau K, Barouki R, Vondracek J, Alonso-Magdalena P, Blanc E, Kim MJ, Coumoul X. Combinatorial pathway disruption is a powerful approach to delineate metabolic impacts of endocrine disruptors. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:3107-3123. [PMID: 35957500 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of metabolic diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome and chronic liver diseases among others, has been rising for several years. Epidemiology and mechanistic (in vivo, in vitro and in silico) toxicology have recently provided compelling evidence implicating the chemical environment in the pathogenesis of these diseases. In this review, we will describe the biological processes that contribute to the development of metabolic diseases targeted by metabolic disruptors, and will propose an integrated pathophysiological vision of their effects on several organs. With regard to these pathomechanisms, we will discuss the needs, and the stakes of evolving the testing and assessment of endocrine disruptors to improve the prevention and management of metabolic diseases that have become a global epidemic since the end of last century.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kévin Bernal
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Paris, France.,Université Paris Cité, France
| | - Charbel Touma
- Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, Université Rennes, France
| | - Chedi Erradhouani
- Université Paris Cité, France.,Ecotoxicologie des substances et des milieux, Parc ALATA, INERIS, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Talía Boronat-Belda
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universitas Miguel Hernández, Elche, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucas Gaillard
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Paris, France.,Université Paris Cité, France
| | - Sara Al Kassir
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, INSERM U1211, MRGM, University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Hélène Le Mentec
- Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, Université Rennes, France
| | - Corinne Martin-Chouly
- Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, Université Rennes, France
| | - Normand Podechard
- Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, Université Rennes, France
| | - Dominique Lagadic-Gossmann
- Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, Université Rennes, France
| | - Sophie Langouet
- Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, Université Rennes, France
| | - François Brion
- Ecotoxicologie des substances et des milieux, Parc ALATA, INERIS, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Anja Knoll-Gellida
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, INSERM U1211, MRGM, University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Patrick J Babin
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, INSERM U1211, MRGM, University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Iva Sovadinova
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Babica
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Karine Andreau
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Paris, France.,Université Paris Cité, France
| | - Robert Barouki
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Paris, France.,Université Paris Cité, France
| | - Jan Vondracek
- Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Paloma Alonso-Magdalena
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universitas Miguel Hernández, Elche, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Etienne Blanc
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Paris, France.,Université Paris Cité, France
| | - Min Ji Kim
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Paris, France.,Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France
| | - Xavier Coumoul
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Paris, France.,Université Paris Cité, France
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Li W, Xiao H, Wu H, Pan C, Deng K, Xu X, Zhang Y. Analysis of environmental chemical mixtures and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: NHANES 1999-2014. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 311:119915. [PMID: 35970346 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the associations between chemical mixtures and the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in this study. A total of 127 exposure analytes within 13 chemical mixture groups were included in the current analysis. Associations between chemical mixture exposure and prevalence of NAFLD were examined using weighted quantile sum (WQS) regressions. NAFLD was diagnosed by hepatic steatosis index (HSI) and US fatty liver index (USFLI). In USFLI-NAFLD cohort, chemical mixtures positively associated with NAFLD development included urinary metals (OR: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.04-1.16), urinary perchlorate, nitrate and thiocyanate (OR: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.02-1.11), urinary pesticides (OR: 1.24, 95% CI: 1.09-1.40), urinary phthalates (OR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.09-1.28), urinary polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (OR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.03-1.14), and urinary pyrethroids, herbicides, and organophosphate pesticides metabolites (OR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.15-1.51). All of the above mixtures were also statistically significant in WQS regressions in the HSI-NAFLD cohort. Besides, some chemical mixtures were only significant in HSI-NAFLD cohort including urinary arsenics (OR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.02-1.12), urinary phenols (OR: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.02-1.19) and blood polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (OR: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.03-1.17). Three types of chemical mixtures only showed significant associations in the healthy lifestyle score (HLS) of 3-4 subgroup, including urinary perchlorate, nitrate and thiocyanate, urinary PAHs and blood polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins. In conclusion, the exposure of specific types of chemical mixtures were associated with elevated NAFLD risk, and the effects of some chemical mixtures on NAFLD development exhibited differences in participants with different lifestyles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Plastic and Burns Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Haitao Xiao
- Department of Plastic and Burns Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hong Wu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Cheng Pan
- Department of Plastic and Burns Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ke Deng
- Department of Plastic and Burns Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xuewen Xu
- Department of Plastic and Burns Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Yange Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Burns Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Wang MW, Sun L, Wen W, Wang J, Wang CY, Ni J, Jiang JJ, Feng ZH, Cheng YR. Explore the Relationship Between Short-Term Ambient Air Pollution Exposure and Daily Outpatient Visits for Metabolic Related Fatty Liver. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2022; 15:1751-1759. [PMID: 36157290 PMCID: PMC9505349 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s364270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many studies have shown that the pollution of fine particles in the air is related to the incidence of chronic diseases. However, research on air pollution and metabolism-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is limited. Objective The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between short-term ambient air pollution and daily outpatient visits for metabolic-related fatty liver. Methods We used a quasi-Poisson regression generalized additive model to stratify analyses by season, age, and gender. Results From January 1, 2017, to August 31, 2019, 10,562 confirmed MAFLD outpatient visits were recorded. A 10 µg/m3 increase of fine particular matter (PM10and PM2.5) and NO2 concentrations corresponding with percent change were 0.82 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.49–1.15), 0.57 (95% CI, 0.18–0.98), and 0.86 (95% CI, 0.59–1.13) elevation in MAFLD outpatient visits. In terms of season, the impact estimates of NO2 and PM2.5% change were 3.55 (95% CI, 1.23–5.87) and 1.12 (95% CI, 0.78–1.46) in the hot season and transition season, respectively. Compared with the warm season, the impact estimates of PM10were more significant in the cool season: 2.88 (95% CI, 0.66–5.10). NO2 has the greatest effect in the transition season, whereas PM10 has the greatest highest effect in the cool and hot seasons. Compared with other pollutants, PM2.5 has the greatest impact in the age stratification, which percent change are 2.69 (95% CI, 0.77–5.61) and 2.88 (95% CI, 0.37–6.40) respectively. The impact values of PM2.5 in male and female percent change were 3.60 (95% CI, 0.63–6.57) and 1.65 (95% CI, 1.05–2.25), respectively. Conclusion This study shows that the air pollutants are related to the number of outpatient visits for MAFLD. The effects of different air pollutants on MAFLD outpatient visits were different by season, ages, and gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Wei Wang
- Metabolic Disease Center, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixia Sun
- Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Wen
- Metabolic Disease Center, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Wang
- Hangzhou Zhenqi Technology Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Yi Wang
- Metabolic Disease Center, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Ni
- Metabolic Disease Center, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Jie Jiang
- Metabolic Disease Center, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhan-Hui Feng
- Neurological Department, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Ran Cheng
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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20
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Recombinant FGF21 Attenuates Polychlorinated Biphenyl-Induced NAFLD/NASH by Modulating Hepatic Lipocalin-2 Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168899. [PMID: 36012166 PMCID: PMC9408415 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although recent studies have demonstrated that polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) exposure leads to toxicant-associated steatohepatitis, the underlying mechanism of this condition remains unsolved. Male C57Bl/6 mice fed a standard diet (SD) or 60% high fat diet (HFD) were exposed to the nondioxin-like PCB mixture Aroclor1260 or dioxin-like PCB congener PCB126 by intraperitoneal injection for a total of four times for six weeks. We observed hepatic injury, steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis in not only the Aroclor1260-treated mice fed a HFD but the PCB126-treated mice fed either a SD or a HFD. We also observed that both types of PCB exposure induced hepatic iron overload (HIO). Noticeably, the expression of hepatic lipocalin-2 (LCN2) was significantly increased in the PCB-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) models. The knockdown of LCN2 resulted in improvement of PCB-induced lipid and iron accumulation in vitro, suggesting that LCN2 plays a pivotal role in PCB-induced NAFLD/NASH. We observed that recombinant FGF21 improved hepatic steatosis and HIO in the PCB-induced NAFLD/NASH models. Importantly, recombinant FGF21 reduced the PCB-induced overexpression of hepatic LCN2 in vivo and in vitro. Our findings indicate that recombinant FGF21 attenuates PCB-induced NAFLD/NASH by modulating hepatic lipocalin-2 expression. Our data suggest that hepatic LCN2 might represent a suitable therapeutic target for improving PCB-induced NAFLD/NASH accompanying HIO.
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21
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Midya V, Colicino E, Conti DV, Berhane K, Garcia E, Stratakis N, Andrusaityte S, Basagaña X, Casas M, Fossati S, Gražulevičienė R, Haug LS, Heude B, Maitre L, McEachan R, Papadopoulou E, Roumeliotaki T, Philippat C, Thomsen C, Urquiza J, Vafeiadi M, Varo N, Vos MB, Wright J, McConnell R, Vrijheid M, Chatzi L, Valvi D. Association of Prenatal Exposure to Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals With Liver Injury in Children. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2220176. [PMID: 35793087 PMCID: PMC9260485 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.20176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Importance Prenatal exposures to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) may increase the risk for liver injury in children; however, human evidence is scarce, and previous studies have not considered potential EDC-mixture effects. Furthermore, the association between prenatal EDC exposure and hepatocellular apoptosis in children has not been studied previously. Objective To investigate associations of prenatal exposure to EDC mixtures with liver injury risk and hepatocellular apoptosis in childhood. Design, Setting, and Participants This prospective cohort study used data collected from April 1, 2003, to February 26, 2016, from mother-child pairs from the Human Early-Life Exposome project, a collaborative network of 6 ongoing, population-based prospective birth cohort studies from 6 European countries (France, Greece, Lithuania, Norway, Spain, and the UK). Data were analyzed from April 1, 2021, to January 31, 2022. Exposures Three organochlorine pesticides, 5 polychlorinated biphenyls, 2 polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), 3 phenols, 4 parabens, 10 phthalates, 4 organophosphate pesticides, 5 perfluoroalkyl substances, and 9 metals. Main Outcomes and Measures Child serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT), and CK-18 were measured at 6 to 11 years of age. Risk for liver injury was defined as having ALT, AST, and/or GGT levels above the 90th percentile. Associations of liver injury or cytokeratin 18 (CK-18) levels with each chemical group among the 45 EDCs measured in maternal blood or urine samples collected in pregnancy were estimated using 2 complimentary exposure-mixture methods: bayesian weighted quantile sum (BWQS) and bayesian kernel machine regression. Results The study included 1108 mothers (mean [SD] age at birth, 31.0 [4.7] years) and their singleton children (mean [SD] age at liver assessment, 8.2 [1.6] years; 598 [54.0%] boys). Results of the BWQS method indicated increased odds of liver injury per exposure-mixture quartile increase for organochlorine pesticides (odds ratio [OR], 1.44 [95% credible interval (CrI), 1.21-1.71]), PBDEs (OR, 1.57 [95% CrI, 1.34-1.84]), perfluoroalkyl substances (OR, 1.73 [95% CrI, 1.45-2.09]), and metals (OR, 2.21 [95% CrI, 1.65-3.02]). Decreased odds of liver injury were associated with high-molecular-weight phthalates (OR, 0.74 [95% CrI, 0.60-0.91]) and phenols (OR, 0.66 [95% CrI, 0.54-0.78]). Higher CK-18 levels were associated with a 1-quartile increase in polychlorinated biphenyls (β, 5.84 [95% CrI, 1.69-10.08] IU/L) and PBDEs (β, 6.46 [95% CrI, 3.09-9.92] IU/L). Bayesian kernel machine regression showed associations in a similar direction as BWQS for all EDCs and a nonlinear association between phenols and CK-18 levels. Conclusions and Relevance With a combination of 2 state-of-the-art exposure-mixture approaches, consistent evidence suggests that prenatal exposures to EDCs are associated with higher risk for liver injury and CK-18 levels and constitute a potential risk factor for pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Midya
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York
| | - Elena Colicino
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York
| | - David V. Conti
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Kiros Berhane
- Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University, New York City, New York
| | - Erika Garcia
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Nikos Stratakis
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Sandra Andrusaityte
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Xavier Basagaña
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maribel Casas
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
| | - Serena Fossati
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Barbara Heude
- Université de Paris Cité, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment, Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics, Paris, France
| | - Léa Maitre
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosemary McEachan
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS (National Health Service) Foundation Trust, Bradford, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Claire Philippat
- Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble Alpes University, INSERM, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, La Tronche, France
| | | | - Jose Urquiza
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Vafeiadi
- Department of Social Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Nerea Varo
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Miriam B. Vos
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - John Wright
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS (National Health Service) Foundation Trust, Bradford, United Kingdom
| | - Rob McConnell
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lida Chatzi
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Damaskini Valvi
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York
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23
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Choi JY, Lee J, Huh DA, Moon KW. Urinary bisphenol concentrations and its association with metabolic disorders in the US and Korean populations. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 295:118679. [PMID: 34915096 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a representative endocrine disrupting compound used in a vast array of consumer products, and are being frequently substituted by its analogues, bisphenol S (BPS) and bisphenol F (BPF). We aimed to examine the association between urinary bisphenol levels with obesity and lipid profiles in the general population to comprehensively evaluate its potential of metabolic disturbance. A representative sample of 1046 US adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013-2016) and 3268 Korean adults from the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (2015-2017) was analyzed. We examined the exposure levels of bisphenols and determined their associations with obesity, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) levels, and hypercholesterolemia prevalence through multiple linear, and binary/ordinal logistic regression models. In both populations, high BPA levels (lowest tertile vs. 2nd, 3rd tertiles) showed corresponding associations with lipid profile and obesity. BPA levels were associated with decreased HDL-C levels (Q3: β = -0.053, p = 0.08 (US); Q2: β = -0.030, p-0.03), increased TG levels (Q3: β = 0.121, p = 0.029 (US); Q3: β = 0.089, p = 0.021, and higher odds for obesity (Q3: OR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.06, 2.35 (US); Q3: OR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.11, 1.78). Higher BPS levels were positively associated with obesity status, especially in US men (Q2: OR = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.15, 2.96) and Korean women (Q3: OR = 1.27, 95% CI: 0.99, 1.64). A significant decrease in HDL-C (Q3: β = -0.088, p = 0.01) and elevated odds for obesity at higher BPF levels (Q3: OR = 1.60, 95% CI: 1.00, 2.56) was observed in US women. The findings of our study indicate that BPA and its analogues, BPS and BPF, are associated with lipid metabolism disorders in addition to obesity in adults. Given the increase in exposure to BPA alternatives, continuous biomonitoring, and further investigation of their health effects through prospective cohort studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yoon Choi
- Department of Health and Safety Convergence Science, Graduate School at Korea University, Anam-ro 145, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Lee
- Department of Health and Safety Convergence Science, Graduate School at Korea University, Anam-ro 145, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea; BK21 FOUR R&E Center for Learning Health System, Graduate School at Korea University, Anam-ro 145, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-An Huh
- Institute of Health Sciences, Korea University, Anam-ro 145, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyong Whan Moon
- Department of Health and Safety Convergence Science, Graduate School at Korea University, Anam-ro 145, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea; BK21 FOUR R&E Center for Learning Health System, Graduate School at Korea University, Anam-ro 145, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
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24
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Sen P, Qadri S, Luukkonen PK, Ragnarsdottir O, McGlinchey A, Jäntti S, Juuti A, Arola J, Schlezinger JJ, Webster TF, Orešič M, Yki-Järvinen H, Hyötyläinen T. Exposure to environmental contaminants is associated with altered hepatic lipid metabolism in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Hepatol 2022; 76:283-293. [PMID: 34627976 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2021.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Recent experimental models and epidemiological studies suggest that specific environmental contaminants (ECs) contribute to the initiation and pathology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the underlying mechanisms linking EC exposure with NAFLD remain poorly understood and there is no data on their impact on the human liver metabolome. Herein, we hypothesized that exposure to ECs, particularly perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS), impacts liver metabolism, specifically bile acid metabolism. METHODS In a well-characterized human NAFLD cohort of 105 individuals, we investigated the effects of EC exposure on liver metabolism. We characterized the liver (via biopsy) and circulating metabolomes using 4 mass spectrometry-based analytical platforms, and measured PFAS and other ECs in serum. We subsequently compared these results with an exposure study in a PPARa-humanized mouse model. RESULTS PFAS exposure appears associated with perturbation of key hepatic metabolic pathways previously found altered in NAFLD, particularly those related to bile acid and lipid metabolism. We identified stronger associations between the liver metabolome, chemical exposure and NAFLD-associated clinical variables (liver fat content, HOMA-IR), in females than males. Specifically, we observed PFAS-associated upregulation of bile acids, triacylglycerols and ceramides, and association between chemical exposure and dysregulated glucose metabolism in females. The murine exposure study further corroborated our findings, vis-à-vis a sex-specific association between PFAS exposure and NAFLD-associated lipid changes. CONCLUSIONS Females may be more sensitive to the harmful impacts of PFAS. Lipid-related changes subsequent to PFAS exposure may be secondary to the interplay between PFAS and bile acid metabolism. LAY SUMMARY There is increasing evidence that specific environmental contaminants, such as perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS), contribute to the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, it is poorly understood how these chemicals impact human liver metabolism. Here we show that human exposure to PFAS impacts metabolic processes associated with NAFLD, and that the effect is different in females and males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Partho Sen
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland; School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Sami Qadri
- Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Panu K Luukkonen
- Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Oddny Ragnarsdottir
- MTM Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | | | - Sirkku Jäntti
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anne Juuti
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Abdominal Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johanna Arola
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jennifer J Schlezinger
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas F Webster
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matej Orešič
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland; School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
| | - Hannele Yki-Järvinen
- Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Tuulia Hyötyläinen
- MTM Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
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25
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Monteagudo C, Robles-Aguilera V, Salcedo-Bellido I, Gálvez-Ontiveros Y, Samaniego-Sánchez C, Aguilera M, Zafra-Gómez A, Burgos MAM, Rivas A. Dietary exposure to parabens and body mass index in an adolescent Spanish population. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 201:111548. [PMID: 34166657 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Parabens are alkyl esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid which are extensively used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and foodstuffs due to their antimicrobial properties. The most commonly used parabens are methyl-(MeP), ethyl-(EtP), propyl-(PrP) and butyl-(BuP) paraben. Most human exposure to parabens is achieved through the consumption of food or pharmaceutical products and the use of personal care products. However, studies on dietary parabens exposure and the associated factors are very scarce. The main aim of the present study was to explore factors associated with dietary exposure to parabens in Spanish adolescents according to gender. Dietary data and anthropometric measures were collected from 585 adolescents (53.4% boys) aged 12-16 years. Parabens exposure through diet was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire with food products providing more than 95% of energy and macronutrient intake being included in analysis. Stepwise regression was used to identify the foods that most contributed to parabens intake. Logistic regression was used to evaluate factors predicting higher dietary exposure to parabens. The main contributors to dietary MeP, EtP, PrP and BuP exposure in adolescent boys were eggs (41.9%), canned tuna (46.4%), bakery and baked goods products (57.3%) and pineapple (61.1%). In adolescent girls, the main contributors were apples and pears (35.3%), canned tuna (42.1%), bakery and baked goods products (55.1%) and olives (62.1%). Overweight/obese girls were more likely to belong to the highest tertile of overall parabens intake (odds ratio [OR]: 3.32; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.21-9.15) and MeP (OR: 3.05; 95% CI: 1.14-8.12) than those with a body mass index lower than 25 kg/m2. These findings suggest a positive association between dietary exposure to parabens and overweight/obesity in adolescent girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Monteagudo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja, 18071, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria. Ibs-Granada, 18012, Granada, Spain
| | - Virginia Robles-Aguilera
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Salcedo-Bellido
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria. Ibs-Granada, 18012, Granada, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja, 18071, Granada, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Monforte de Lemos 5, 2809, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Yolanda Gálvez-Ontiveros
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja, 18071, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria. Ibs-Granada, 18012, Granada, Spain
| | - Cristina Samaniego-Sánchez
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Margarita Aguilera
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria. Ibs-Granada, 18012, Granada, Spain; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Alberto Zafra-Gómez
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria. Ibs-Granada, 18012, Granada, Spain; Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Granada, Campus of Fuentenueva, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Maria Alba Martínez Burgos
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology 'José Matáix' (INYTA), Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Health Sciences Technological Park, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n, 18071, Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Ana Rivas
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja, 18071, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria. Ibs-Granada, 18012, Granada, Spain
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26
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Peng XF, Huang SF, Chen LJ, Xu L, Ye WC. Targeting epigenetics and lncRNAs in liver disease: From mechanisms to therapeutics. Pharmacol Res 2021; 172:105846. [PMID: 34438063 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Early onset and progression of liver diseases can be driven by aberrant transcriptional regulation. Different transcriptional regulation processes, such as RNA/DNA methylation, histone modification, and ncRNA-mediated targeting, can regulate biological processes in healthy cells, as well also under various pathological conditions, especially liver disease. Numerous studies over the past decades have demonstrated that liver disease has a strong epigenetic component. Therefore, the epigenetic basis of liver disease has challenged our knowledge of epigenetics, and epigenetics field has undergone an important transformation: from a biological phenomenon to an emerging focus of disease research. Furthermore, inhibitors of different epigenetic regulators, such as m6A-related factors, are being explored as potential candidates for preventing and treating liver diseases. In the present review, we summarize and discuss the current knowledge of five distinct but interconnected and interdependent epigenetic processes in the context of hepatic diseases: RNA methylation, DNA methylation, histone methylation, miRNAs, and lncRNAs. Finally, we discuss the potential therapeutic implications and future challenges and ongoing research in the field. Our review also provides a perspective for identifying therapeutic targets and new hepatic biomarkers of liver disease, bringing precision research and disease therapy to the modern era of epigenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fei Peng
- Department of General Surgery, Qingyuan People's Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan 511518, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shi-Feng Huang
- Qingyuan People's Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan 511518, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ling-Juan Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qingyuan People's Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan 511518, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lingqing Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qingyuan People's Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan 511518, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wen-Chu Ye
- Qingyuan People's Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan 511518, Guangdong Province, China.
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27
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Cano R, Pérez JL, Dávila LA, Ortega Á, Gómez Y, Valero-Cedeño NJ, Parra H, Manzano A, Véliz Castro TI, Albornoz MPD, Cano G, Rojas-Quintero J, Chacín M, Bermúdez V. Role of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in the Pathogenesis of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4807. [PMID: 34062716 PMCID: PMC8125512 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered the most common liver disorder, affecting around 25% of the population worldwide. It is a complex disease spectrum, closely linked with other conditions such as obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome, which may increase liver-related mortality. In light of this, numerous efforts have been carried out in recent years in order to clarify its pathogenesis and create new prevention strategies. Currently, the essential role of environmental pollutants in NAFLD development is recognized. Particularly, endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have a notable influence. EDCs can be classified as natural (phytoestrogens, genistein, and coumestrol) or synthetic, and the latter ones can be further subdivided into industrial (dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls, and alkylphenols), agricultural (pesticides, insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides), residential (phthalates, polybrominated biphenyls, and bisphenol A), and pharmaceutical (parabens). Several experimental models have proposed a mechanism involving this group of substances with the disruption of hepatic metabolism, which promotes NAFLD. These include an imbalance between lipid influx/efflux in the liver, mitochondrial dysfunction, liver inflammation, and epigenetic reprogramming. It can be concluded that exposure to EDCs might play a crucial role in NAFLD initiation and evolution. However, further investigations supporting these effects in humans are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Cano
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela; (R.C.); (J.L.P.); (Á.O.); (Y.G.); (H.P.); (A.M.); (M.P.D.A.)
| | - José L. Pérez
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela; (R.C.); (J.L.P.); (Á.O.); (Y.G.); (H.P.); (A.M.); (M.P.D.A.)
| | - Lissé Angarita Dávila
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andres Bello, Sede Concepción 4260000, Chile;
| | - Ángel Ortega
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela; (R.C.); (J.L.P.); (Á.O.); (Y.G.); (H.P.); (A.M.); (M.P.D.A.)
| | - Yosselin Gómez
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela; (R.C.); (J.L.P.); (Á.O.); (Y.G.); (H.P.); (A.M.); (M.P.D.A.)
| | - Nereida Josefina Valero-Cedeño
- Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí, Jipijapa E482, Ecuador; (N.J.V.-C.); (T.I.V.C.)
| | - Heliana Parra
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela; (R.C.); (J.L.P.); (Á.O.); (Y.G.); (H.P.); (A.M.); (M.P.D.A.)
| | - Alexander Manzano
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela; (R.C.); (J.L.P.); (Á.O.); (Y.G.); (H.P.); (A.M.); (M.P.D.A.)
| | - Teresa Isabel Véliz Castro
- Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí, Jipijapa E482, Ecuador; (N.J.V.-C.); (T.I.V.C.)
| | - María P. Díaz Albornoz
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela; (R.C.); (J.L.P.); (Á.O.); (Y.G.); (H.P.); (A.M.); (M.P.D.A.)
| | - Gabriel Cano
- Insitute für Pharmazie, Freie Universitänt Berlin, Königin-Louise-Strabe 2-4, 14195 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Joselyn Rojas-Quintero
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Maricarmen Chacín
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud. Barranquilla, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla 55-132, Colombia;
| | - Valmore Bermúdez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud. Barranquilla, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla 55-132, Colombia;
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28
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Zhang H, Song C, Yan R, Cai H, Zhou Y, Ke X. High-fat diet accelerate hepatic fatty acids synthesis in offspring male rats induced by perinatal exposure to nonylphenol. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2021; 22:22. [PMID: 33906686 PMCID: PMC8077693 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-021-00492-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low dose of NP exposure can alter adipose tissue formation, and the intake of high-fat diet (HFD) can also lead to the fatty liver disease. We investigated the combined effect of NP and HFD on the first offspring of rats, and whether this effect can be passed to the next generation and the possible mechanisms involved. METHODS Pregnant rats had access to be treated with 5 μg/kg/day NP and normal diet. The first generation rats were given normal diet and HFD on postnatal day 21, respectively. Then the second generation rats started to only receive normal diet without NP or HFD. Body weight, organ coefficient of liver tissues, lipid profile, biochemical indexes and the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism, as well as liver histopathology were investigated in male offspring of rats. RESULTS NP and HFD interaction had significant effect on the birth weight, body weight and liver tissue organ coefficient of first generation male rats. And HFD aggravated abnormal lipid metabolism, even abnormal liver function and liver histopathological damage of first generation male rats produced by the NP. And this effect can be passed on to the second generation rats. HFD also accelerated the mRNA level of fatty acid synthesis genes such as Lpl, Fas, Srebp-1 and Ppar-γ of first generation rats induced by perinatal exposure to NP, even passed on to the second generation of male rats. NP and HFD resulted in synergistical decrease of the protein expression level of ERα in liver tissue in F2 male rats. CONCLUSION HFD and NP synergistically accelerated synthesis of fatty acids in liver of male offspring rats through reducing the expression of ERα, which induced abnormal lipid metabolism, abnormal liver function and hepatic steatosis. Moreover, all of these damage passed on to the next generation rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Zhang
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengguang Song
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rong Yan
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongbo Cai
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ke
- Department of Emergency, Tongji Hosptial of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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29
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Galbán-Velázquez S, Esteban J, Çakmak G, Artacho-Cordón F, León J, Barril J, Vela-Soria F, Martin-Olmedo P, Fernandez MF, Pellín MC, Arrebola JP. Associations of persistent organic pollutants in human adipose tissue with retinoid levels and their relevance to the redox microenvironment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 195:110764. [PMID: 33497679 PMCID: PMC8127078 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.110764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Humans are exposed to a myriad of chemical substances in both occupational and environmental settings. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) have drawn attention for their adverse effects including cancer and endocrine disruption. Herein, the objectives were 1) to describe serum and adipose tissue retinol levels, along with serum retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) concentrations, and 2) to assess the associations of adipose tissue POP levels with these retinoid parameters, as well as their potential interaction with the previously-observed POP-related disruption of redox microenvironment. Retinol was measured in both serum and adipose tissue along with RBP4 levels in serum samples of 236 participants of the GraMo adult cohort. Associations were explored by multivariable linear regression analyses and Weighted Quantile Sum regression. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) 180, 153 and 138 were related to decreased adipose tissue retinol levels and increased serum RBP4/retinol ratio. Dicofol concentrations > limit of detection were associated with decreased retinol levels in serum and adipose tissue. Additionally, increased adipose tissue retinol levels were linked to an attenuation in previously-reported associations of adipose tissue PCB-153 with in situ superoxide dismutase activity. Our results revealed a suggestive link between retinoids, PCBs and redox microenvironment, potentially relevant for both mechanistic and public health purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Javier Esteban
- Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain.
| | - Gonca Çakmak
- Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain; Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Francisco Artacho-Cordón
- Department of Radiology and Physical Medicine, University of Granada, 18016, Granada, Spain; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Josefa León
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio de Granada, Spain; CIBER Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBEREHD), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Barril
- Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain
| | | | - Piedad Martin-Olmedo
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; Andalusian School of Public Health, 18011, Granada, Spain
| | - Mariana F Fernandez
- Department of Radiology and Physical Medicine, University of Granada, 18016, Granada, Spain; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - M Cruz Pellín
- Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain
| | - Juan P Arrebola
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Spain
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30
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Yan L, Messner CJ, Zhang X, Suter-Dick L. Assessment of fibrotic pathways induced by environmental chemicals using 3D-human liver microtissue model. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 194:110679. [PMID: 33387535 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to environmental chemicals, particularly those with persistent and bioaccumulative properties have been linked to liver diseases. Induction of fibrotic pathways is considered as a pre-requirement of chemical induced liver fibrosis. Here, we applied 3D in vitro human liver microtissues (MTs) composed of HepaRG, THP-1 and hTERT-HSC that express relevant hepatic pathways (bile acid, sterol, and xenobiotic metabolism) and can recapitulate key events of liver fibrosis (e.g. extracellular matrix-deposition). The liver MTs were exposed to a known profibrotic chemical, thioacetamide (TAA) and three representative environmental chemicals (TCDD, benzo [a] pyrene (BaP) and PCB126). Both TAA and BaP triggered fibrotic pathway related events such as hepatocellular damage (cytotoxicity and decreased albumin release), hepatic stellate cell activation (transcriptional upregulation of α-SMA and Col1α1) and extracellular matrix remodelling. TCDD or PCB126 at measured concentrations did not elicit these responses in the 3D liver MTs system, though they caused cytotoxicity in HepaRG monoculture at high concentrations. Reduced human transcriptome (RHT) analysis captured molecular responses involved in liver fibrosis when MTs were treated with TAA and BaP. The results suggest that 3D, multicellular, human liver microtissues represent an alternative, human-relevant, in vitro liver model for assessing fibrotic pathways induced by environmental chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Catherine Jane Messner
- School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland, Muttenz, 4132, Switzerland; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, 4003, Switzerland; Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), 4056, Switzerland
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China.
| | - Laura Suter-Dick
- School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland, Muttenz, 4132, Switzerland; Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), 4056, Switzerland
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31
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Kim JH, Matsubara T, Lee J, Fenollar-Ferrer C, Han K, Kim D, Jia S, Chang CJ, Yang H, Nagano T, Krausz KW, Yim SH, Gonzalez FJ. Lysosomal SLC46A3 modulates hepatic cytosolic copper homeostasis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:290. [PMID: 33436590 PMCID: PMC7804329 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20461-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The environmental contaminant 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) causes hepatic toxicity associated with prominent lipid accumulation in humans. Here, the authors report that the lysosomal copper transporter SLC46A3 is induced by TCDD and underlies the hepatic lipid accumulation in mice, potentially via effects on mitochondrial function. SLC46A3 was localized to the lysosome where it modulated intracellular copper levels. Forced expression of hepatic SLC46A3 resulted in decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and abnormal mitochondria morphology consistent with lower copper levels. SLC46A3 expression increased hepatic lipid accumulation similar to the known effects of TCDD exposure in mice and humans. The TCDD-induced hepatic triglyceride accumulation was significantly decreased in Slc46a3-/- mice and was more pronounced when these mice were fed a high-fat diet, as compared to wild-type mice. These data are consistent with a model where lysosomal SLC46A3 induction by TCDD leads to cytosolic copper deficiency resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction leading to lower lipid catabolism, thus linking copper status to mitochondrial function, lipid metabolism and TCDD-induced liver toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hwan Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea.
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Tsutomu Matsubara
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jaekwon Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Cristina Fenollar-Ferrer
- Laboratory of Molecular & Cellular Neurobiology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Kyungreem Han
- Laboratory of Computational Biology, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Donghwan Kim
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Shang Jia
- Departments of Chemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Christopher J Chang
- Departments of Chemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Heejung Yang
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Tomokazu Nagano
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co. Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Kristopher W Krausz
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Sun-Hee Yim
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 41163, USA
| | - Frank J Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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Chung SM, Moon JS, Yoon JS, Won KC, Lee HW. The sex-specific effects of blood lead, mercury, and cadmium levels on hepatic steatosis and fibrosis: Korean nationwide cross-sectional study. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2020; 62:126601. [PMID: 32634767 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM The potential effects of heavy metals on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remain unknown. We investigated the sex-specific relationships of blood lead (BPb), mercury (BHg), and cadmium (BCd) levels with hepatic steatosis (HS) and fibrosis (HF). METHOD We included 4420 participants from the 2016-2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. High-risk alcoholics and patients with chronic hepatitis B or C infections or liver cirrhosis were excluded. We calculated the hepatic steatosis index (HSI) and fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4) values; we defined the presence of HS and HF as an HSI ≥ 36 and FIB-4 score >2.67, respectively. We adjusted for age, smoking and alcohol consumption statuses, hypertension, obesity, diabetes, hypertriglyceridemia, and BPb, BHg, and BCd levels. RESULT In males (n = 1860), the HSI was correlated negatively with the BPb level and positively with the BHg level (both p < 0.01). The FIB-4 score was correlated positively with the BPb and BCd levels (both p < 0.01). In females (n = 2560), the HSI and FIB-4 score were correlated positively with the BPb, BHg, and BCd levels (all p < 0.01). After adjustments, the BHg level increased the risk of HS in both males (OR = 1.065, p = 0.003) and females (OR = 1.061, p = 0.048), and the BCd level increased the risk of HF in females (OR = 1.668, p = 0.012). CONCLUSION Blood heavy metal levels were generally correlated positively with the HSI and FIB4 score, more so in females than males. The BHg level was associated with HS in males and females, and the BCd level was associated with HF in females. Further studies on NAFLD progression according to heavy metal status and sex are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Min Chung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jun Sung Moon
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji Sung Yoon
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyu Chang Won
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyoung Woo Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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Di Ciaula A, Baj J, Garruti G, Celano G, De Angelis M, Wang HH, Di Palo DM, Bonfrate L, Wang DQH, Portincasa P. Liver Steatosis, Gut-Liver Axis, Microbiome and Environmental Factors. A Never-Ending Bidirectional Cross-Talk. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E2648. [PMID: 32823983 PMCID: PMC7465294 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9082648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing worldwide and parallels comorbidities such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, and diabetes. Recent studies describe the presence of NAFLD in non-obese individuals, with mechanisms partially independent from excessive caloric intake. Increasing evidences, in particular, point towards a close interaction between dietary and environmental factors (including food contaminants), gut, blood flow, and liver metabolism, with pathways involving intestinal permeability, the composition of gut microbiota, bacterial products, immunity, local, and systemic inflammation. These factors play a critical role in the maintenance of intestinal, liver, and metabolic homeostasis. An anomalous or imbalanced gut microbial composition may favor an increased intestinal permeability, predisposing to portal translocation of microorganisms, microbial products, and cell wall components. These components form microbial-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) or pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), with potentials to interact in the intestine lamina propria enriched in immune cells, and in the liver at the level of the immune cells, i.e., Kupffer cells and stellate cells. The resulting inflammatory environment ultimately leads to liver fibrosis with potentials to progression towards necrotic and fibrotic changes, cirrhosis. and hepatocellular carcinoma. By contrast, measures able to modulate the composition of gut microbiota and to preserve gut vascular barrier might prevent or reverse NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agostino Di Ciaula
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.C.); (D.M.D.P.); (L.B.)
| | - Jacek Baj
- Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Gabriella Garruti
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantations, University of Bari “Aldo Moro” Medical School, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Celano
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e Degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.C.); (M.D.A.)
| | - Maria De Angelis
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e Degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.C.); (M.D.A.)
| | - Helen H. Wang
- Department of Medicine and Genetics, Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Marion Bessin Liver Research Center, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (H.H.W.); (D.Q.-H.W.)
| | - Domenica Maria Di Palo
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.C.); (D.M.D.P.); (L.B.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e Degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.C.); (M.D.A.)
| | - Leonilde Bonfrate
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.C.); (D.M.D.P.); (L.B.)
| | - David Q-H Wang
- Department of Medicine and Genetics, Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Marion Bessin Liver Research Center, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (H.H.W.); (D.Q.-H.W.)
| | - Piero Portincasa
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.C.); (D.M.D.P.); (L.B.)
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Shan Q, Chen N, Liu W, Qu F, Chen A. Exposure to 2,3,3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl promotes nonalcoholic fatty liver disease development in C57BL/6 mice. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 263:114563. [PMID: 32304952 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Previous in vitro studies have indicated that 2,3,3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB 156) may be a new contributor to metabolic disruption and may further cause the occurrence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, no study has clarified the specific contributions of PCB 156 to NAFLD progression by constructing an in vivo model. Herein, we evaluated the effects of PCB 156 treatment (55 mg/kg, i.p.) on the livers of C57BL/6 mice fed a control diet (CD) or a high-fat diet (HFD). The results showed that PCB 156 administration increased intra-abdominal fat mass, hepatic lipid levels and dyslipidemia in the CD-fed group and aggravated NAFLD in HFD-fed group. By using transcriptomics studies and biological methods, we found that the genes expression involved in lipid metabolism pathways, such as lipogenesis, lipid accumulation and lipid β-oxidation, was greatly altered in liver tissues exposed to PCB 156. In addition, the cytochrome P450 pathway, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) and the glutathione metabolism pathway were significantly activated following exposure to PCB 156. Furthermore, PCB 156 exposure increased serum transaminase levels and lipid peroxidation, and the redox-related genes were significantly dysregulated in liver tissue. In conclusion, our data suggested that PCB 156 could promote NAFLD development by altering the expression of genes related to lipid metabolism and inducing oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuli Shan
- College of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-Toxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
| | - Ningning Chen
- College of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-Toxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Fan Qu
- College of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Anhui Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Food Resource Development and Quality Safe, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou, China
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Adomshick V, Pu Y, Veiga-Lopez A. Automated lipid droplet quantification system for phenotypic analysis of adipocytes using CellProfiler. Toxicol Mech Methods 2020; 30:378-387. [PMID: 32208812 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2020.1747124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Adipogenic differentiation is the process by which preadipocytes become mature adipocytes, cells that store energy and regulate metabolic homeostasis. During differentiation, neutral lipids that accumulate in adipocytes can be detected using stains and used as an index of cell differentiation. However, imaging tools for evaluating intracellular lipid droplets remain at their infancy. Nutrition, stress, or chemical exposure can dysregulate adipogenic differentiation and lipid metabolism. Therefore, the aims of this study were to develop an accurate, standardized approach to quantify lipid droplet size of mature adipocytes and a clustering approach to analyze the total lipid content per adipocyte. For the lipid droplet analysis, we used two approaches, the free online computer software of reference, ImageJ, and another free online computer software, CellProfiler. For ImageJ, we used an already developed macro designed to identify particles and quantify their area, and for CellProfiler, we developed a new analysis pipeline. Our results show that CellProfiler is able to accurately identify a greater number of lipid droplets compared to ImageJ. A clustering analysis is also possible using CellProfiler which allows for the quantification of total lipid content per individual adipocyte to provide insight into single-cell responsiveness to adipogenic stimuli. CellProfiler streamlines the lipid droplet phenotypic analysis of adipocytes compared to more traditional analysis methods. In conclusion, this novel image analysis tool can provide a more precise evaluation of lipid droplet and adipogenesis dysregulation, a critical need in the understanding of metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Adomshick
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Yong Pu
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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Georgiadis P, Gavriil M, Rantakokko P, Ladoukakis E, Botsivali M, Kelly RS, Bergdahl IA, Kiviranta H, Vermeulen RCH, Spaeth F, Hebbels DGAJ, Kleinjans JCS, de Kok TMCM, Palli D, Vineis P, Kyrtopoulos SA. DNA methylation profiling implicates exposure to PCBs in the pathogenesis of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 126:24-36. [PMID: 30776747 PMCID: PMC7063446 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.01.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To characterize the impact of PCB exposure on DNA methylation in peripheral blood leucocytes and to evaluate the corresponding changes in relation to possible health effects, with a focus on B-cell lymphoma. METHODS We conducted an epigenome-wide association study on 611 adults free of diagnosed disease, living in Italy and Sweden, in whom we also measured plasma concentrations of 6 PCB congeners, DDE and hexachlorobenzene. RESULTS We identified 650 CpG sites whose methylation correlates strongly (FDR < 0.01) with plasma concentrations of at least one PCB congener. Stronger effects were observed in males and in Sweden. This epigenetic exposure profile shows extensive and highly statistically significant overlaps with published profiles associated with the risk of future B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) as well as with clinical CLL (38 and 28 CpG sites, respectively). For all these sites, the methylation changes were in the same direction for increasing exposure and for higher disease risk or clinical disease status, suggesting an etiological link between exposure and CLL. Mediation analysis reinforced the suggestion of a causal link between exposure, changes in DNA methylation and disease. Disease connectivity analysis identified multiple additional diseases associated with differentially methylated genes, including melanoma for which an etiological link with PCB exposure is established, as well as developmental and neurological diseases for which there is corresponding epidemiological evidence. Differentially methylated genes include many homeobox genes, suggesting that PCBs target stem cells. Furthermore, numerous polycomb protein target genes were hypermethylated with increasing exposure, an effect known to constitute an early marker of carcinogenesis. CONCLUSIONS This study provides mechanistic evidence in support of a link between exposure to PCBs and the etiology of CLL and underlines the utility of omic profiling in the evaluation of the potential toxicity of environmental chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Georgiadis
- National Hellenic Research Foundation, Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, 48 Vas. Constantinou Ave., Athens 11635, Greece
| | - Marios Gavriil
- National Hellenic Research Foundation, Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, 48 Vas. Constantinou Ave., Athens 11635, Greece
| | - Panu Rantakokko
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Health Security, Environmental Health unit, P.O. Box 95, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Efthymios Ladoukakis
- National Hellenic Research Foundation, Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, 48 Vas. Constantinou Ave., Athens 11635, Greece
| | - Maria Botsivali
- National Hellenic Research Foundation, Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, 48 Vas. Constantinou Ave., Athens 11635, Greece
| | - Rachel S Kelly
- MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Ingvar A Bergdahl
- Department of Biobank Research, and Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Sweden
| | - Hannu Kiviranta
- MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Roel C H Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Florentin Spaeth
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Domenico Palli
- The Institute for Cancer Research and Prevention, Florence, Italy
| | - Paolo Vineis
- MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Soterios A Kyrtopoulos
- National Hellenic Research Foundation, Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, 48 Vas. Constantinou Ave., Athens 11635, Greece.
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VoPham T. Environmental risk factors for liver cancer and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. CURR EPIDEMIOL REP 2019; 6:50-66. [PMID: 31080703 DOI: 10.1007/s40471-019-0183-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of review The objective of this review was to summarize recent epidemiologic research examining the associations between environmental exposures and liver cancer and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Recent findings There were 28 liver cancer studies showing positive associations for exposures to aflatoxin, air pollution, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, asbestos, chimney sweeping occupation, and paints; an inverse association for ultraviolet radiation; and null/inconsistent results for organic solvents, pesticides, perfluorooctanoic acid, nuclear radiation, iron foundry occupation, and brick kiln pollution. There were n=5 NAFLD studies showing positive associations for heavy metals, methyl tertiary-butyl ether, and selenium; and no association with trihalomethanes. Summary Evidence suggests that particular environmental exposures may be associated with liver cancer and NAFLD. Future liver cancer studies should examine specific histological subtypes and assess historical environmental exposures. Future NAFLD research should examine incident, biopsy-confirmed cases and the potential role of obesity and/or diabetes in studies of environmental factors and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trang VoPham
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Iida M, Takemoto K. A network biology-based approach to evaluating the effect of environmental contaminants on human interactome and diseases. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 160:316-327. [PMID: 29857236 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.05.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Environmental contaminant exposure can pose significant risks to human health. Therefore, evaluating the impact of this exposure is of great importance; however, it is often difficult because both the molecular mechanism of disease and the mode of action of the contaminants are complex. We used network biology techniques to quantitatively assess the impact of environmental contaminants on the human interactome and diseases with a particular focus on seven major contaminant categories: persistent organic pollutants (POPs), dioxins, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), pesticides, perfluorochemicals (PFCs), metals, and pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs). We integrated publicly available data on toxicogenomics, the diseasome, protein-protein interactions (PPIs), and gene essentiality and found that a few contaminants were targeted to many genes, and a few genes were targeted by many contaminants. The contaminant targets were hub proteins in the human PPI network, whereas the target proteins in most categories did not contain abundant essential proteins. Generally, contaminant targets and disease-associated proteins were closely associated with the PPI network, and the closeness of the associations depended on the disease type and chemical category. Network biology techniques were used to identify environmental contaminants with broad effects on the human interactome and contaminant-sensitive biomarkers. Moreover, this method enabled us to quantify the relationship between environmental contaminants and human diseases, which was supported by epidemiological and experimental evidence. These methods and findings have facilitated the elucidation of the complex relationship between environmental exposure and adverse health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Iida
- Department of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Iizuka, Fukuoka 820-8502, Japan; Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, Bunkyo-cho 2-5, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan.
| | - K Takemoto
- Department of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Iizuka, Fukuoka 820-8502, Japan.
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Leung YK, Ouyang B, Niu L, Xie C, Ying J, Medvedovic M, Chen A, Weihe P, Valvi D, Grandjean P, Ho SM. Identification of sex-specific DNA methylation changes driven by specific chemicals in cord blood in a Faroese birth cohort. Epigenetics 2018; 13:290-300. [PMID: 29560787 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2018.1445901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Faroe islanders consume marine foods contaminated with methylmercury (MeHg), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and other toxicants associated with chronic disease risks. Differential DNA methylation at specific CpG sites in cord blood may serve as a surrogate biomarker of health impacts from chemical exposures. We aimed to identify key environmental chemicals in cord blood associated with DNA methylation changes in a population with elevated exposure to chemical mixtures. We studied 72 participants of a Faroese birth cohort recruited between 1986 and 1987 and followed until adulthood. The cord blood DNA methylome was profiled using Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChips. We determined the associations of CpG site changes with concentrations of MeHg, major PCBs, other organochlorine compounds [hexachlorobenzene (HCB), p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE) and p,p'-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane], and perfluoroalkyl substances. In a combined sex analysis, among the 16 chemicals studied, PCB congener 105 (CB-105) exposure was associated with the majority of differentially methylated CpG sites (214 out of a total of 250). In female-only analysis, only 73 CB-105 associated CpG sites were detected, 44 of which were mapped to genes in the ELAV1-associated cancer network. In males-only, methylation changes were seen for perfluorooctane sulfonate, HCB, and p,p'-DDE in 10,598, 1,238, and 1,473 CpG sites, respectively, 15% of which were enriched in cytobands of the X-chromosome associated with neurological disorders. In this multiple-pollutant and genome-wide study, we identified key epigenetic toxicants. The significant enrichment of specific X-chromosome sites in males implies potential sex-specific epigenome responses to prenatal chemical exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuet-Kin Leung
- a Division of Environmental Genetics and Molecular Toxicology.,e Center of Environmental Genetics.,f Cincinnati Cancer Center , University of Cincinnati Medical Center , Cincinnati , USA
| | - Bin Ouyang
- a Division of Environmental Genetics and Molecular Toxicology.,e Center of Environmental Genetics
| | - Liang Niu
- b Biostatistics & Bioinformatics.,e Center of Environmental Genetics
| | - Changchun Xie
- b Biostatistics & Bioinformatics.,e Center of Environmental Genetics
| | - Jun Ying
- b Biostatistics & Bioinformatics.,c Public Health Science and
| | - Mario Medvedovic
- b Biostatistics & Bioinformatics.,e Center of Environmental Genetics.,f Cincinnati Cancer Center , University of Cincinnati Medical Center , Cincinnati , USA
| | - Aimin Chen
- d Epidemiology Department of Environmental Health.,e Center of Environmental Genetics
| | - Pal Weihe
- h Department of Occupational Medicine and Public Health , Faroese Hospital System , Torshavn , Faroe Islands
| | - Damaskini Valvi
- i Department of Environmental Health , Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health , Boston , USA
| | - Philippe Grandjean
- i Department of Environmental Health , Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health , Boston , USA.,j Department of Environmental Medicine , University of Southern Denmark , Odense , Denmark
| | - Shuk-Mei Ho
- a Division of Environmental Genetics and Molecular Toxicology.,e Center of Environmental Genetics.,f Cincinnati Cancer Center , University of Cincinnati Medical Center , Cincinnati , USA.,g Cincinnati Veteran Affairs Medical Center , Cincinnati , USA
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Nault R, Doskey CM, Fader KA, Rockwell CE, Zacharewski T. Comparison of Hepatic NRF2 and Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Binding in 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo- p-dioxin-Treated Mice Demonstrates NRF2-Independent PKM2 Induction. Mol Pharmacol 2018; 94:876-884. [PMID: 29752288 DOI: 10.1124/mol.118.112144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) induces hepatic oxidative stress following activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Our recent studies showed TCDD induced pyruvate kinase muscle isoform 2 (Pkm2) as a novel antioxidant response in normal differentiated hepatocytes. To investigate cooperative regulation between nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2 (Nrf2) and the AhR in the induction of Pkm2, hepatic chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) analyses were integrated with RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) time-course data from mice treated with TCDD for 2-168 hours. ChIP-seq analysis 2 hours after TCDD treatment identified genome-wide NRF2 enrichment. Approximately 842 NRF2-enriched regions were located in the regulatory region of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), whereas 579 DEGs showed both NRF2 and AhR enrichment. Sequence analysis of regions with overlapping NRF2 and AhR enrichment showed over-representation of either antioxidant or dioxin response elements, although 18 possessed both motifs. NRF2 exhibited negligible enrichment within a closed Pkm chromatin region, whereas the AhR was enriched 29-fold. Furthermore, TCDD induced Pkm2 in primary hepatocytes from wild-type and Nrf2-null mice, indicating NRF2 is not required. Although NRF2 and AhR cooperate to regulate numerous antioxidant gene expression responses, the induction of Pkm2 by TCDD is independent of reactive oxygen species-mediated NRF2 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rance Nault
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (R.N., C.M.D., K.A.F., T.Z.) and Pharmacology and Toxicology (C.E.R.) and Institute for Integrative Toxicology (R.N., C.M.D., K.A.F., C.E.R., T.Z.), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Claire M Doskey
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (R.N., C.M.D., K.A.F., T.Z.) and Pharmacology and Toxicology (C.E.R.) and Institute for Integrative Toxicology (R.N., C.M.D., K.A.F., C.E.R., T.Z.), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Kelly A Fader
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (R.N., C.M.D., K.A.F., T.Z.) and Pharmacology and Toxicology (C.E.R.) and Institute for Integrative Toxicology (R.N., C.M.D., K.A.F., C.E.R., T.Z.), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Cheryl E Rockwell
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (R.N., C.M.D., K.A.F., T.Z.) and Pharmacology and Toxicology (C.E.R.) and Institute for Integrative Toxicology (R.N., C.M.D., K.A.F., C.E.R., T.Z.), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Tim Zacharewski
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (R.N., C.M.D., K.A.F., T.Z.) and Pharmacology and Toxicology (C.E.R.) and Institute for Integrative Toxicology (R.N., C.M.D., K.A.F., C.E.R., T.Z.), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
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