1
|
Oschinski H, Hörmann NG, Reuter K. Constant potential energetics of metallic and semiconducting electrodes: A benchmark study on 2D materials. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:214706. [PMID: 38832745 DOI: 10.1063/5.0202849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Grand-canonical (GC) constant-potential methods within an implicit solvent environment provide a general approach to compute the potential-dependent energetics at electrified solid-liquid interfaces with first-principles density-functional theory. Here, we use a mindfully chosen set of 27 isostructural 2D metal halides MX2 to analyze the variation of this energetics when the electronic structure changes from metallic to semiconducting and insulating state. Apart from expectable changes due to the opening up of the electronic bandgap, the calculations also show an increasing sensitivity to the numerical Brillouin zone integration and electronic smearing, which imposes computational burdens in practice. We rationalize these findings within the picture of the total interfacial capacitance arising from a series connection of the electrochemical double-layer capacitance and the so-called quantum capacitance resulting from the filling of electronic states inside the electrode. For metals, the electrochemical double-layer capacitance dominates at all potentials, and the entire potential drop takes place in the electrolyte. For semiconductors, the potential drop occurs instead fully or partially inside the electrode at potentials within or just outside the bandgap. For 2D semiconductors, the increased sensitivity to numerical parameters then results from the concomitantly increased contribution of the quantum capacitance that is harder to converge. Fortunately, this understanding motivates a simple extension of the CHE + DL approximation for metals, which provides the approximate GC energetics of 2D semiconductors using only quantities that can be obtained from computationally undemanding calculations at the point of zero charge and a generic double-layer capacitance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hedda Oschinski
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Nicolas Georg Hörmann
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Karsten Reuter
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Alizadeh M, Radevici I, Li S, Oksanen J. Chemovoltaic effect for renewable liquid and vapor fuels on semiconductor surfaces. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024; 17:e202301522. [PMID: 38305144 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
The chemovoltaic effect - generation of electronic excitation by exergonic redox reactions - has been observed on metallic surfaces of Schottky junctions and is proving to be pivotal in explaining in detail the momentum conservation relations of chemically active collisions. As shown in this work, it can hold keys for direct chemical energy harvesting by semiconductor solar cells. To study the possibilities of chemovoltaic energy conversion by semiconductors, we have modeled and designed an 'electrolyte-free fuel cell' formed by a GaAs diode that can host electrochemical fuel oxidation and oxidant reduction reactions on its conduction and valence bands and as a result convert renewable chemical energy (as well as light) into electricity. The experimental results show that exposing the surface of a suitably designed solar cell to methanol liquid or vapor in the presence of oxygen or hydrogen peroxide leads to the generation of electrical power.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Alizadeh
- Engineered Nanosystems Group, School of Science, Aalto University, Tietotie 1, Espoo, 02150, Finland
| | - Ivan Radevici
- Engineered Nanosystems Group, School of Science, Aalto University, Tietotie 1, Espoo, 02150, Finland
| | - Shengyang Li
- Engineered Nanosystems Group, School of Science, Aalto University, Tietotie 1, Espoo, 02150, Finland
| | - Jani Oksanen
- Engineered Nanosystems Group, School of Science, Aalto University, Tietotie 1, Espoo, 02150, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Huang S, Griffin E, Cai J, Xin B, Tong J, Fu Y, Kravets V, Peeters FM, Lozada-Hidalgo M. Gate-controlled suppression of light-driven proton transport through graphene electrodes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6932. [PMID: 37907470 PMCID: PMC10618495 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42617-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent experiments demonstrated that proton transport through graphene electrodes can be accelerated by over an order of magnitude with low intensity illumination. Here we show that this photo-effect can be suppressed for a tuneable fraction of the infra-red spectrum by applying a voltage bias. Using photocurrent measurements and Raman spectroscopy, we show that such fraction can be selected by tuning the Fermi energy of electrons in graphene with a bias, a phenomenon controlled by Pauli blocking of photo-excited electrons. These findings demonstrate a dependence between graphene's electronic and proton transport properties and provide fundamental insights into molecularly thin electrode-electrolyte interfaces and their interaction with light.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Huang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - E Griffin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
- National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - J Cai
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defence Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410073, China
| | - B Xin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - J Tong
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Y Fu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - V Kravets
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - F M Peeters
- Departamento de Fisica, Universidade Federal do Ceara, 60455-900, Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil
- Departement Fysica, Universiteit Antwerpen, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - M Lozada-Hidalgo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
- National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
- Research and Innovation Center for graphene and 2D materials (RIC2D), Khalifa University, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu Z, Pishgar S, Lancaster M, Maldonado S. Voltammetric Measurement of Rates and Energetics for Surface Methoxylation of Si(100) in Methanol with Dissolved Electron Acceptors Using Si Ultramicroelectrodes. Anal Chem 2023; 95:6818-6827. [PMID: 37075319 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c05276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
The steady-state voltammetric responses of n-type Si(100) semiconductor ultramicroelectrodes (SUMEs) immersed in air- and water-free methanolic electrolytes have been measured. The response characteristics of these SUMEs in the absence of illumination were modeled and understood through a framework that describes the distribution of the applied potential across the semiconductor/electrolyte contact using four discrete regions: the semiconductor space charge, surface, Helmholtz, and diffuse layers. The latter region was described by the full Gouy-Chapman model. This framework afforded insight on how relevant parameters such as the semiconductor band edge potentials, the reorganization energies for charge transfer, the standard potential of redox species in solution, the density and energy of surface state populations, and the presence of an insulating (tunneling) layer individually and collectively dictate the observable current-potential responses. With this information, the methoxylation of Si surfaces was evaluated by analysis of the change in voltammetric responses during the course of prolonged immersion in methanol. The electrochemical data were consistent with a surface methoxylation mechanism that depended on the standard potential of redox species dissolved in solution. Estimates of the enthalpies of adsorption as well as the potential-dependent rate constant for surface methoxylation were obtained. Collectively, these measurements supported the contention that the rates of Si surface reactions can be systematically tuned by exposure to dissolved outer-sphere electron acceptors. Moreover, the data represent the quantitative utility of voltammetry with SUMEs for the measurement of semiconductor/liquid contacts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Sahar Pishgar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Mitchell Lancaster
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Stephen Maldonado
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
- Program in Applied Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mayer JM. Bonds over Electrons: Proton Coupled Electron Transfer at Solid-Solution Interfaces. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:7050-7064. [PMID: 36943755 PMCID: PMC10080693 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c10212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
This Perspective argues that most redox reactions of materials at an interface with a protic solution involve net proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) (or other cation-coupled ET). This view contrasts with the traditional electron-transfer-focused view of redox reactions at semiconductors, but redox processes at metal surfaces are often described as PCET. Taking a thermodynamic perspective, transfer of an electron is typically accompanied by a stoichiometric proton, much as the chemistry of lithium-ion batteries involves coupled transfers of e- and Li+. The PCET viewpoint implicates the surface-H bond dissociation free energy (BDFE) as the preeminent energetic parameter and its conceptual equivalents, the electrochemical ne-/nH+ potential versus the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) and the free energy of hydrogenation, ΔG°H. These parameters capture the thermochemistry of PCET at interfaces better than electronic parameters such as Fermi energies, electron chemical potentials, flat-band potentials, or band-edge energies. A unified picture of PCET at metal and semiconductor surfaces is presented. Exceptions, limitations, implications, and future directions motivated by this approach are described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James M Mayer
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Saidi T, You D, Bataillon C, Martinelli L. Electrostatic-thermodynamic-kinetic (ELTHEKI) modeling of the coupled $$\text {Ni}$$/$$\text {Ni}\text {O}$$/water system, under physico-chemical conditions of pressurized water reactors. J Solid State Electrochem 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-023-05385-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
|
7
|
Sustainable organic synthesis promoted on titanium dioxide using coordinated water and renewable energies/resources. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
8
|
Sánchez YP, Santos A, Roberto Bueno P. Quantum rate efficiency of the charge transfer mediated by quantum capacitive states. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.141194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
9
|
Balu S, Chuaicham C, Balakumar V, Rajendran S, Sasaki K, Sekar K, Maruthapillai A. Recent development on core-shell photo(electro)catalysts for elimination of organic compounds from pharmaceutical wastewater. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 298:134311. [PMID: 35307392 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical organics are a vital milestone in contemporary human research since they treat various diseases and improve the quality of human life. However, these organic compounds are considered one of the major environmental hazards after the conception, along with the massive rise in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in an ecosystem. There are various biological and catalytic technologies existed to eliminate these organics in aqueous system with their limitation. Advanced Oxidation processes (AOPs) are used to decompose these pharmaceutical organic compounds in the wastewater by generating reactive species with high oxidation potential. This review focused various photocatalysts, and photocatalytic oxidation processes, especially core-shell materials for photo (electro)catalytic application in pharmaceutical wastewater decomposition. Moreover, we discussed in details about the design and recent developments of core shell catalysts and comparison for photocatalytic, electrocatalytic and photo electrocatalytic applications in pharmaceutical wastewater treatment. In addition, the mixture of inorganic and organic core-shell materials, and metal-organic framework-based core-shell catalysts discussed in detail for antibiotic degradation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Surendar Balu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Chitiphon Chuaicham
- Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Vellaichamy Balakumar
- Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Saravanan Rajendran
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Tarapacá, Avda. General Velásquez, 1775, Arica, Chile
| | - Keiko Sasaki
- Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Karthikeyan Sekar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Arthanareeswari Maruthapillai
- Department of Chemistry, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Descamps J, Zhao Y, Yu J, Xu G, Léger Y, Loget G, Sojic N. Anti-Stokes photoinduced electrochemiluminescence at a photocathode. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:6686-6688. [PMID: 35621023 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc01804g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Anti-Stokes photoinduced electrochemiluminescence (PECL) converts infrared photons to visible photons and is usually triggered at a narrow band gap-protected photoanode. Here, we report the first example of PECL with the model [Ru(bpy)3]2+/benzoyl peroxide system at a bare p-type Si photocathode. The reported PECL system, which allows a notable decrease of the cathodic potential required for ECL generation, should open new opportunities for imaging and light-addressable devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Descamps
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, Pessac 33607, France.
| | - Yiran Zhao
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)-UMR6226, Rennes F-35000, France.
| | - Jing Yu
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, Pessac 33607, France.
| | - Guobao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Yoan Léger
- Univ Rennes, INSA Rennes, CNRS, Institut FOTON-UMR 6082, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Gabriel Loget
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)-UMR6226, Rennes F-35000, France.
| | - Neso Sojic
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, Pessac 33607, France. .,State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Seenivasan S, Moon H, Kim DH. Multilayer Strategy for Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Generation: New Electrode Architecture that Alleviates Multiple Bottlenecks. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2022; 14:78. [PMID: 35334000 PMCID: PMC8956779 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-022-00822-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Years of research have demonstrated that the use of multiple components is essential to the development of a commercial photoelectrode to address specific bottlenecks, such as low charge separation and injection efficiency, low carrier diffusion length and lifetime, and poor durability. A facile strategy for the synthesis of multilayered photoanodes from atomic-layer-deposited ultrathin films has enabled a new type of electrode architecture with a total multilayer thickness of 15-17 nm. We illustrate the advantages of this electrode architecture by using nanolayers to address different bottlenecks, thus producing a multilayer photoelectrode with improved interface kinetics and shorter electron transport path, as determined by interface analyses. The photocurrent density was twice that of the bare structure and reached a maximum of 33.3 ± 2.1 mA cm-2 at 1.23 VRHE. An integrated overall water-splitting cell consisting of an electrocatalytic NiS cathode and Bi2S3/NiS/NiFeO/TiO2 photoanode was used for precious-metal-free seawater splitting at a cell voltage of 1.23 V without degradation. The results and root analyses suggest that the distinctive advantages of the electrode architecture, which are superior to those of bulk bottom-up core-shell and hierarchical architectures, originate from the high density of active sites and nanometer-scale layer thickness, which enhance the suitability for interface-oriented energy conversion processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Selvaraj Seenivasan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Moon
- School of Chemical Engineering, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Heyoung Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Michaels H, Freitag M. Assessment of TiO 2 Blocking Layers for Cu II/I-Electrolyte Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy. ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS 2022; 5:1933-1941. [PMID: 35572067 PMCID: PMC9096799 DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.1c03433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The TiO2 blocking layer in dye-sensitized solar cells is the most difficult component to evaluate at thicknesses below 50 nm, but it is crucial for the power conversion efficiency. Here, the electrode capacitance of TiO2 blocking layers is tested in aqueous [Fe(CN)6]3-/4- and correlated to the performance of photoanodes in devices based on a [Cu(tmby)2]2+/+ electrolyte. The effects of the blocking layer on electronic recombination in the devices are illustrated with transient photovoltage methods and electrochemical impedance analysis. We have thus demonstrated a feasible and facile method to assess TiO2 blocking layers for the fabrication of dye-sensitized solar cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Michaels
- Department
of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, Uppsala 75120, Sweden
- School
of Natural and Environmental Science, Newcastle
University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Marina Freitag
- Department
of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, Uppsala 75120, Sweden
- School
of Natural and Environmental Science, Newcastle
University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bachman B, Zhu D, Bandy J, Zhang L, Hamers RJ. Detection of Aqueous Solvated Electrons Produced by Photoemission from Solids Using Transient Absorption Measurements. ACS MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AU 2022; 2:46-56. [PMID: 36785590 PMCID: PMC9838729 DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.1c00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Solvated electrons in water have long been of interest to chemists. While readily produced using intense multiphoton excitation of water and/or irradiation with high-energy particles, the possible role of solvated electrons in electrochemical and photoelectrochemical reactions at electrodes has been controversial. Recent studies showed that excitation of electrons to the conduction band of diamond leads to barrier-free emission of electrons into water. While these electrons can be inferred from the reactions they induce, direct detection by transient absorption measurements provides more direct evidence. Here, we present studies demonstrating direct detection of solvated electrons produced at diamond electrode surfaces and the influence of electrochemical potential and solution-phase electron scavengers. We further present a more detailed analysis of experimental conditions needed to detect solvated electrons emitted from diamond and other solid materials through transient optical absorption measurements.
Collapse
|
14
|
Muñoz-García AB, Benesperi I, Boschloo G, Concepcion JJ, Delcamp JH, Gibson EA, Meyer GJ, Pavone M, Pettersson H, Hagfeldt A, Freitag M. Dye-sensitized solar cells strike back. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:12450-12550. [PMID: 34590638 PMCID: PMC8591630 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01336f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) are celebrating their 30th birthday and they are attracting a wealth of research efforts aimed at unleashing their full potential. In recent years, DSCs and dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical cells (DSPECs) have experienced a renaissance as the best technology for several niche applications that take advantage of DSCs' unique combination of properties: at low cost, they are composed of non-toxic materials, are colorful, transparent, and very efficient in low light conditions. This review summarizes the advancements in the field over the last decade, encompassing all aspects of the DSC technology: theoretical studies, characterization techniques, materials, applications as solar cells and as drivers for the synthesis of solar fuels, and commercialization efforts from various companies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Belén Muñoz-García
- Department of Physics "Ettore Pancini", University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Iacopo Benesperi
- School of Natural and Environmental Science, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, NE1 7RU Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Gerrit Boschloo
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 523, 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Javier J Concepcion
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Jared H Delcamp
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Gibson
- School of Natural and Environmental Science, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, NE1 7RU Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Gerald J Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Michele Pavone
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Anders Hagfeldt
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 523, 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden.
- University Management and Management Council, Vice Chancellor, Uppsala University, Segerstedthuset, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marina Freitag
- School of Natural and Environmental Science, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, NE1 7RU Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Seiß V, Helbig U, Lösel R, Eichelbaum M. Investigating and correlating photoelectrochemical, photocatalytic, and antimicrobial properties of [Formula: see text] nanolayers. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22200. [PMID: 34772987 PMCID: PMC8589999 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01165-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Semiconducting transition metal oxides such as [Formula: see text] are promising photo(electro)catalysts for solar water splitting and photoreduction of [Formula: see text] as well as for antibacterial, self-, water and air-cleaning coatings and admixtures in paints, building materials, on window glass or medical devices. In photoelectrocatalytic applications [Formula: see text] is usually used as photoanode only catalyzing the oxidation reaction. In coatings and admixtures [Formula: see text] works as heterogeneous catalyst and has to catalyze a complete redox cycle. While photoelectrochemical charge transport parameters are usually quite well accessible by electrochemical measurements, the quantitative description of photocatalytic properties is more challenging. Here, we present a systematic structural, photoelectrocatalytic, photocatalytic and antimicrobial study to understand if and how photoelectrochemical parameters can be used to predict the photocatalytic activity of [Formula: see text]. For this purpose [Formula: see text] thin films on flourine-doped tin oxide substrates were prepared and annealed at temperatures between 200 and 600 [Formula: see text]. The film morphologies and thicknesses were studied by GIXRD, FESEM, and EDX. Photoelectrochemical properties were measured by linear sweep voltammetry, photoelectrochemical impedance spectroscopy, chopped light chronoamperometry, and intensity modulated photocurrent/ photovoltage spectroscopy. For comparison, photocatalytic rate constants were determined by methylene blue degradation and Escherichea coli inactivation and correlated with the deduced photoelectrocatalytic parameters. We found that the respective photoactivities of amorphous and crystalline [Formula: see text] nanolayers can be best correlated, if the extracted photoelectrochemical parameters such as charge transfer and recombination rates, charge transfer efficiencies and resistances are measured close to the open circuit potential (OCP). Hence, the interfacial charge transport parameters at the OCP can be indeed used as descriptors for predicting and understanding the photocatalytic activity of [Formula: see text] coatings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Volker Seiß
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry, Georg Simon Ohm University of Applied Sciences Nuremberg, 90489 Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Uta Helbig
- Faculty of Materials Engineering, Georg Simon Ohm University of Applied Sciences Nuremberg, 90489 Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Ralf Lösel
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry, Georg Simon Ohm University of Applied Sciences Nuremberg, 90489 Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Maik Eichelbaum
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry, Georg Simon Ohm University of Applied Sciences Nuremberg, 90489 Nuremberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Pareek A, Borse PH. Hurdles and recent developments for CdS and chalcogenide‐based electrode in “Solar electro catalytic” hydrogen generation: A review. ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/elsa.202100114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alka Pareek
- Center For Nanomaterials International Advanced Research Centre for Powder Metallurgy and New Materials (ARCI) Opp Balapur Village, Airport Road Hyderabad Telangana 500005 India
| | - Pramod H. Borse
- Center For Nanomaterials International Advanced Research Centre for Powder Metallurgy and New Materials (ARCI) Opp Balapur Village, Airport Road Hyderabad Telangana 500005 India
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
AbstractSemiconductors and the associated methodologies applied to electrochemistry have recently grown as an emerging field in energy materials and technologies. For example, semiconductor membranes and heterostructure fuel cells are new technological trend, which differ from the traditional fuel cell electrochemistry principle employing three basic functional components: anode, electrolyte, and cathode. The electrolyte is key to the device performance by providing an ionic charge flow pathway between the anode and cathode while preventing electron passage. In contrast, semiconductors and derived heterostructures with electron (hole) conducting materials have demonstrated to be much better ionic conductors than the conventional ionic electrolytes. The energy band structure and alignment, band bending and built-in electric field are all important elements in this context to realize the necessary fuel cell functionalities. This review further extends to semiconductor-based electrochemical energy conversion and storage, describing their fundamentals and working principles, with the intention of advancing the understanding of the roles of semiconductors and energy bands in electrochemical devices for energy conversion and storage, as well as applications to meet emerging demands widely involved in energy applications, such as photocatalysis/water splitting devices, batteries and solar cells. This review provides new ideas and new solutions to problems beyond the conventional electrochemistry and presents new interdisciplinary approaches to develop clean energy conversion and storage technologies.
Graphic Abstract
Collapse
|
18
|
Francàs L, Selim S, Corby S, Lee D, Mesa CA, Pastor E, Choi KS, Durrant JR. Water oxidation kinetics of nanoporous BiVO 4 photoanodes functionalised with nickel/iron oxyhydroxide electrocatalysts. Chem Sci 2021; 12:7442-7452. [PMID: 34163834 PMCID: PMC8171343 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc06429g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, spectroelectrochemical techniques are employed to analyse the catalytic water oxidation performance of a series of three nickel/iron oxyhydroxide electrocatalysts deposited on FTO and BiVO4, at neutral pH. Similar electrochemical water oxidation performance is observed for each of the FeOOH, Ni(Fe)OOH and FeOOHNiOOH electrocatalysts studied, which is found to result from a balance between degree of charge accumulation and rate of water oxidation. Once added onto BiVO4 photoanodes, a large enhancement in the water oxidation photoelectrochemical performance is observed in comparison to the un-modified BiVO4. To understand the origin of this enhancement, the films were evaluated through time-resolved optical spectroscopic techniques, allowing comparisons between electrochemical and photoelectrochemical water oxidation. For all three catalysts, fast hole transfer from BiVO4 to the catalyst is observed in the transient absorption data. Using operando photoinduced absorption measurements, we find that water oxidation is driven by oxidised states within the catalyst layer, following hole transfer from BiVO4. This charge transfer is correlated with a suppression of recombination losses which result in remarkably enhanced water oxidation performance relative to un-modified BiVO4. Moreover, despite similar electrocatalytic behaviour of all three electrocatalysts, we show that variations in water oxidation performance observed among the BiVO4/MOOH photoanodes stem from differences in photoelectrochemical and electrochemical charge accumulation in the catalyst layers. Under illumination, the amount of accumulated charge in the catalyst is driven by the injection of photogenerated holes from BiVO4, which is further affected by the recombination loss at the BiVO4/MOOH interface, and thus leads to deviations from their behaviour as standalone electrocatalysts. Elucidating the role of charge accumulation and reaction kinetics in governing the performance of Ni/Fe oxyhydroxides as electrocatalysts and as co-catalysts on BiVO4 photoanodes water oxidation.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laia Francàs
- Department of Chemistry, Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, White City Campus London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Shababa Selim
- Department of Chemistry, Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, White City Campus London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Sacha Corby
- Department of Chemistry, Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, White City Campus London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Dongho Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison Wisconsin 53706 USA
| | - Camilo A Mesa
- Department of Chemistry, Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, White City Campus London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Ernest Pastor
- Department of Chemistry, Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, White City Campus London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Kyoung-Shin Choi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison Wisconsin 53706 USA
| | - James R Durrant
- Department of Chemistry, Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, White City Campus London W12 0BZ UK
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
The electron transfer rate constant of an electrochemical reaction and the conductance quantum are fundamental concepts that drive processes ranging from nanoscale electronic circuits to photosynthesis. In this paper, it is demonstrated that they are correlated with the concept of electrochemical capacitance. The relationship between electron transfer rate, quantum transport and electrochemical capacitance encompasses the theory of electron transfer rate proposed by Rudolph A. Marcus, and potentially unites electronics and electrochemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Roberto Bueno
- Institute of Chemistry, Sao Paulo State University, Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Gunasekaran S, Reed DA, Paley DW, Bartholomew AK, Venkataraman L, Steigerwald ML, Roy X, Nuckolls C. Single-Electron Currents in Designer Single-Cluster Devices. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:14924-14932. [PMID: 32809814 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c04970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Atomically precise clusters can be used to create single-electron devices wherein a single redox-active cluster is connected to two macroscopic electrodes via anchoring ligands. Unlike single-electron devices comprising nanocrystals, these cluster-based devices can be fabricated with atomic precision. This affords an unprecedented level of control over the device properties. Herein, we design a series of cobalt chalcogenide clusters with varying ligand geometries and core nuclearities to control their current-voltage (I-V) characteristics in a scanning tunneling microscope-based break junction (STM-BJ) device. First, the device geometry is modified by precisely positioning junction-anchoring ligands on the surface of the cluster. We show that the I-V characteristics are independent of ligand placement, confirming a sequential, single-electron tunneling mechanism. Next, we chemically fuse two clusters to realize a larger cluster dimer that behaves as a single electronic unit, possessing a smaller reorganization energy and more accessible redox states than the monomeric analogues. As a result, dimer-based devices exhibit significantly higher currents and can even be pushed to current saturation at high bias. Owing to these controllable properties, single-cluster junctions serve as an excellent platform for exploring incoherent charge transport processes at the nanoscale. With this understanding, as well as properties such as nonlinear I-V characteristics and rectification, these molecular clusters may function as conductive inorganic nodes in new devices and materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suman Gunasekaran
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Douglas A Reed
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Daniel W Paley
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | | | - Latha Venkataraman
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States.,Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Michael L Steigerwald
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Xavier Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Colin Nuckolls
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Histidine Decorated Nanoparticles of CdS for Highly Efficient H2 Production via Water Splitting. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13143738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Pure cadmium sulfide and histidine decorated cadmium sulfide nanocomposites are prepared by the hydrothermal or solvothermal method. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis shows that the particle sizes of pure cadmium sulfide (pu/CdS) and histidine decorated cadmium sulfide prepared by the hydrothermal method (hi/CdS) range from 0.75 to 3.0 μm. However, when a solvothermal method is used, the particle size of histidine decorated cadmium sulfide (so/CdS) ranges from 50 to 300 nm. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns show that all samples (pu/CdS, hi/CdS and so/CdS) have a hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure but so/CdS has a poor crystallinity compared to the others. The as-prepared samples are applied to photocatalytic hydrogen production via water splitting and the results show that the highest H2 evolution rate for pu/CdS and hi/CdS are 1250 and 1950 μmol·g−1·h−1, respectively. On the other hand, the so/CdS sample has a rate of 6020 μmol·g−1·h−1, which is about five times higher than that of the pu/CdS sample. The increased specific surface area of so/CdS nanoparticles and effective charge separation by histidine molecules are attributed to the improved H2 evolution.
Collapse
|
22
|
Cherkashinin G, Schuch J, Kaiser B, Alff L, Jaegermann W. High Voltage Electrodes for Li-Ion Batteries and Efficient Water Electrolysis: An Oxymoron? J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:3754-3760. [PMID: 32301321 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c00778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that key parameters for efficient electrocatalytic oxidation of water are the energetics of the redox complexes associated with their ionization and electrochemical potentials coupled to the change of metal-oxygen band hybridization. We investigate the catalytic activity of the LiCoPO4-LiCo2P3O10 tailored compound, which is a 5 V cathode material for Li-ion batteries. The reason for the weak catalytic activity of the lithiated compound toward the oxygen evolution reaction is a large energy difference between the electronic states involved in the electrochemical reaction. A highly active catalyst is obtained by tuning the relative energetic position of the electronic levels involved in the charge transfer reaction, which in turn are governed by the lithium content. A significant lowering of the overpotential from >550 mV to ∼370 mV at 10 mA cm-2 is achieved via a decrease of the ionization potential and shifting the electrochemical potential near the electronic states of the molecule, thereby facilitating water oxidation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gennady Cherkashinin
- Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Jona Schuch
- Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Bernhard Kaiser
- Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Lambert Alff
- Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Wolfram Jaegermann
- Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Sarkar A, Paul B. Evaluation of the performance of zirconia-multiwalled carbon nanotube nanoheterostructures in adsorbing As(III) from potable water from the perspective of physical chemistry and chemical physics with a special emphasis on approximate site energy distribution. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 242:125234. [PMID: 31896174 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the performance of zirconia-multiwalled carbon-nanotube nanoheterostructure in adsorbing the highly toxic water-contaminant As(III) from water has been probed from the perspective of physical chemistry and chemical physics. The adsorbent found extremely efficient in adsorbing As(III) from potable water. Moreover, its ability to oxidize As(III) to As(V) in the aqueous solution has been evinced by the XPS studies. The values of the maximum adsorption capacities (qm) depend on the isotherm studied and in this study, no wonder different values of qm are obtained for different adsorption isotherms. The thermodynamic studies advocate the exothermic and spontaneous nature of the adsorption process. Calculation on density functional theory (DFT) also suggested the exothermic nature of the adsorption process. DFT calculation further revealed the role of the Zr-O and Zr-OH bridges in binding As(III) species on the zirconia surface. However, this study finds an adverse effect of visible light-irradiation on the adsorption process. Furthermore, this study propounds an approach to estimate the maximum solubility of As(III) in water combining the Cerofolini's condensation-approximation and Polanyi adsorption potential. Detailed analysis on the approximate adsorption site energy distribution (f(E*)) further finds an inconsistency in the formula used to estimate qm using f(E*), which underestimates qm. The inconsistency, for the very first time, has successfully been resolved by modifying the heterogeneity related parameter in f(E*).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arpan Sarkar
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India.
| | - Biswajit Paul
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wang HY, Hu R, Lei YJ, Jia ZY, Hu GL, Li CB, Gu Q. Highly efficient and selective photocatalytic CO2 reduction based on water-soluble CdS QDs modified by the mixed ligands in one pot. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy00308e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The noble metal-free photocatalysts with good water solubility, high efficiency and high selectivity to promote CO2 conversion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an
- P. R. China
| | - Rong Hu
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an
- P. R. China
| | - You-Jia Lei
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an
- P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Yu Jia
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cluster Science
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 100081
- P. R. China
| | - Gui-Lin Hu
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an
- P. R. China
| | - Cheng-Bo Li
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science
- Northwest University
- Xi'an
- P. R. China
| | - Quan Gu
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an
- P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Rudra S, Sarker S, Kim DM. Review on simulation of current–voltage characteristics of dye-sensitized solar cells. J IND ENG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2019.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
|
26
|
Mesa CA, Francàs L, Yang KR, Garrido-Barros P, Pastor E, Ma Y, Kafizas A, Rosser TE, Mayer MT, Reisner E, Grätzel M, Batista VS, Durrant JR. Multihole water oxidation catalysis on haematite photoanodes revealed by operando spectroelectrochemistry and DFT. Nat Chem 2019; 12:82-89. [DOI: 10.1038/s41557-019-0347-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
27
|
Le Bahers T, Takanabe K. Combined theoretical and experimental characterizations of semiconductors for photoelectrocatalytic applications. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
|
28
|
Sarkar A, Sarkar A, Paul B, Khan GG. Designing of Functionalized MWCNTs/Anodized Stainless Steel Heterostructure Electrode for Anodic Oxidation of Low Concentration As(III) in Drinking Water. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201901239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arpan Sarkar
- Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad Dhanbad 826 004, Jharkhand India
| | - Ayan Sarkar
- Centre for Research in Nanoscience and NanotechnologyUniversity of Calcutta, Sector-III, Block- JD2, Salt Lake Kolkata 700 106 India
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials and Department of Chemical SciencesIndian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur Nadia 741 246, West Bengal India
| | - Biswajit Paul
- Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad Dhanbad 826 004, Jharkhand India
| | - Gobinda Gopal Khan
- Department of Material Science and EngineeringTripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Agartala Tripura 799 022 India
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ghanbari E, Saatchi A, Lei X, Macdonald DD. Studies on Pitting Corrosion of Al-Cu-Li Alloys Part III: Passivation Kinetics of AA2098-T851 Based on the Point Defect Model. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12121912. [PMID: 31200533 PMCID: PMC6631545 DOI: 10.3390/ma12121912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, the passivation kinetics of AA2098–T851 was investigated by a fundamental theoretical interpretation of experimental results based on the mixed potential model (MPM). The steady state passive layer formed on the AA2098–T851 in NaHCO3 solution in a CO2 atmosphere upon potentiostatic stepping in the anodic direction followed by stepping in the opposite direction was explored. Potentials were selected in a way that both anodic passive dissolution of the metal and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) occur, thereby requiring the MPM for interpretation. Optimization of the MPM on the experimental electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data measured after each potentiostatic step revealed the important role of the migration of Al interstitials in determining the kinetics of passive layer formation and dissolution. More importantly, it is shown that the inequalities of the kinetics of formation and dissolution of the passive layer as observed in opposite potential stepping directions lead to the irreversibility of the passivation process. Finally, by considering the Butler–Volmer (B–V) equation for the cathodic reaction (HER) in the MPM, and assuming the quantum mechanical tunneling of the charge carriers across the barrier layer of the passive film, it was shown that the HER was primarily controlled by the slow electrochemical discharge of protons at the barrier layer/solution (outer layer) interface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elmira Ghanbari
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - Alireza Saatchi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - Xiaowei Lei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - Digby D Macdonald
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Troian-Gautier L, Turlington MD, Wehlin SAM, Maurer AB, Brady MD, Swords WB, Meyer GJ. Halide Photoredox Chemistry. Chem Rev 2019; 119:4628-4683. [PMID: 30854847 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Halide photoredox chemistry is of both practical and fundamental interest. Practical applications have largely focused on solar energy conversion with hydrogen gas, through HX splitting, and electrical power generation, in regenerative photoelectrochemical and photovoltaic cells. On a more fundamental level, halide photoredox chemistry provides a unique means to generate and characterize one electron transfer chemistry that is intimately coupled with X-X bond-breaking and -forming reactivity. This review aims to deliver a background on the solution chemistry of I, Br, and Cl that enables readers to understand and utilize the most recent advances in halide photoredox chemistry research. These include reactions initiated through outer-sphere, halide-to-metal, and metal-to-ligand charge-transfer excited states. Kosower's salt, 1-methylpyridinium iodide, provides an early outer-sphere charge-transfer excited state that reports on solvent polarity. A plethora of new inner-sphere complexes based on transition and main group metal halide complexes that show promise for HX splitting are described. Long-lived charge-transfer excited states that undergo redox reactions with one or more halogen species are detailed. The review concludes with some key goals for future research that promise to direct the field of halide photoredox chemistry to even greater heights.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ludovic Troian-Gautier
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599 , United States
| | - Michael D Turlington
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599 , United States
| | - Sara A M Wehlin
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599 , United States
| | - Andrew B Maurer
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599 , United States
| | - Matthew D Brady
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599 , United States
| | - Wesley B Swords
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599 , United States
| | - Gerald J Meyer
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ritzert NL, Szalai VA, Moffat TP. Mapping Electron Transfer at MoS 2 Using Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:13864-13870. [PMID: 30372618 PMCID: PMC6501596 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b02731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the role of macroscopic and atomic defects in the interfacial electron transfer properties of layered transition metal dichalcogenides is important in optimizing their performance in energy conversion and electronic devices. Means of determining the heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant, k, have relied on the deliberate exposure of specific electrode regions or additional surface characterization to correlate proposed active sites to voltammetric features. Few studies have investigated the electrochemical activity of surface features of layered dichalcogenides under the same experimental conditions. Herein, MoS2 flakes with well-defined features were mapped using scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM). At visually flat areas of MoS2, k of hexacyanoferrate(III) ([Fe(CN)6]3-) and hexacyanoferrate(II) ([Fe(CN)6]4-) was typically smaller and spanned a larger range than that of hexaammineruthenium(III) ([Ru(NH3)6]3+), congruent with the current literature. However, in contrast to previous studies, the reduction of [Fe(CN)6]3- and the oxidation of [Fe(CN)6]4- exhibited similar rate constants, attributed to the dominance of charge transfer through surface states. The comparison of SECM with optical and atomic force microscopy images revealed that while most of the flake was electroactive, edge sites associated with freshly exposed areas that include macrosteps consisting of several monolayers as well as recessed areas exhibited the highest reactivity, consistent with the reported results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L Ritzert
- Theiss Research , P.O. Box 127, La Jolla , California 92038 , United States
- Maryland NanoCenter , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Grave DA, Yatom N, Ellis DS, Toroker MC, Rothschild A. The "Rust" Challenge: On the Correlations between Electronic Structure, Excited State Dynamics, and Photoelectrochemical Performance of Hematite Photoanodes for Solar Water Splitting. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1706577. [PMID: 29504160 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201706577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, hematite's potential as a photoanode material for solar hydrogen production has ignited a renewed interest in its physical and interfacial properties, which continues to be an active field of research. Research on hematite photoanodes provides new insights on the correlations between electronic structure, transport properties, excited state dynamics, and charge transfer phenomena, and expands our knowledge on solar cell materials into correlated electron systems. This research news article presents a snapshot of selected theoretical and experimental developments linking the electronic structure to the photoelectrochemical performance, with particular focus on optoelectronic properties and charge carrier dynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Grave
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Natav Yatom
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - David S Ellis
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Maytal Caspary Toroker
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Avner Rothschild
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Acharya S, Lancaster M, Maldonado S. Semiconductor Ultramicroelectrodes: Platforms for Studying Charge-Transfer Processes at Semiconductor/Liquid Interfaces. Anal Chem 2018; 90:12261-12269. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b03574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
34
|
Hydrogen Treatment as Potential Protection of Electrodeposited Pt, Au, and Pt/Au Oxygen Reduction Catalysts on TiOx. Electrocatalysis (N Y) 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12678-018-0489-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
35
|
Jaimes R, Cervantes-Alcalá R, García-García W, Miranda-Hernández M. Ab initio computational modeling of the electrochemical reactivity of quinones on gold and glassy carbon electrodes. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.07.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
36
|
Sarkar A, Sarkar A, Paul B, Khan GG. Fabrication of One Dimensional MnO
2
‐TiO
2
Nano‐Heterostructures for Enhanced Hole Mediated Oxidation of As(III) in Potable Water. ChemCatChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201800915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arpan Sarkar
- Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad Jharkhand 826 004 India
| | - Ayan Sarkar
- Centre for Research in Nanoscience and NanotechnologyUniversity of Calcutta Salt Lake, Sector-III, Block -JD2 Kolkata 700 106 India
| | - Biswajit Paul
- Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad Jharkhand 826 004 India
| | - Gobinda Gopal Khan
- Department of Material Science and EngineeringTripura University (A Central University) Tripura 799 022 India
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Kovacic M, Katic J, Kusic H, Loncaric Bozic A, Metikos Hukovic M. Elucidating the Photocatalytic Behavior of TiO₂-SnS₂ Composites Based on Their Energy Band Structure. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11061041. [PMID: 29921795 PMCID: PMC6024962 DOI: 10.3390/ma11061041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
TiO2-SnS2 composite semiconducting photocatalysts with different building component ratios were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis (TiO2-SnS2-HT) and by immobilization of commercial TiO2 and SnS2 particles (TiO2-SnS2-COMM). The band gap values, which determine the catalysts’ photoactivity, were examined by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and Kubelka–Munk transformations. The catalysts’ surface properties: specific surface area, charge and adsorption capacitance at the solid–solution interface were characterized using BET analysis, potentiometric titration and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, respectively. The electronic band structure of TiO2-SnS2 photocatalyst, as the key property for the solar-driven photocatalysis, was deduced from the thermodynamic data and the semiconducting parameters (type of semiconductivity, concentration of the charge carriers, flat band potential) obtained by Mott–Schottky analysis. The photoactivity of both composites was studied in photocatalytic treatment of diclofenac (DCF) under simulated solar irradiation and was compared to the benchmark photocatalyst (TiO2 P25) activity. The influence of process parameters, such as pH, H2O2, and composite formulation on the effectiveness of DCF removal and conversion was investigated and discussed by employing response surface modeling (RSM) approach. The photocatalytic efficiency of both composite materials was discussed on the basis of the hetereojunction formation that facilitated the photoelectron transfer, promoting more efficient photocatalytic degradation of DCF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marin Kovacic
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulicev trg 19, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.
| | - Jozefina Katic
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulicev trg 19, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.
| | - Hrvoje Kusic
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulicev trg 19, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.
| | - Ana Loncaric Bozic
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulicev trg 19, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.
| | - Mirjana Metikos Hukovic
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulicev trg 19, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Copper Complexes with Tetradentate Ligands for Enhanced Charge Transport in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. INORGANICS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics6020053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
39
|
Proch S, Yoshino S, Takahashi N, Seki J, Kosaka S, Kodama K, Morimoto Y. The Native Oxide on Titanium Metal as a Conductive Model Substrate for Oxygen Reduction Reaction Studies. Electrocatalysis (N Y) 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12678-018-0465-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
40
|
Wang Z, Wang L. Progress in designing effective photoelectrodes for solar water splitting. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(17)62998-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
41
|
Wang Z, Lyu M, Chen P, Wang S, Wang L. Energy loss analysis in photoelectrochemical water splitting: a case study of hematite photoanodes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:22629-22635. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp04021d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The energy loss of photoelectrochemical processes can be quantitatively evaluated by analyzing the decoupled photovoltaic and electrocatalytic process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiliang Wang
- Nanomaterials Centre, School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland
- Australia
| | - Miaoqiang Lyu
- Nanomaterials Centre, School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland
- Australia
| | - Peng Chen
- Nanomaterials Centre, School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland
- Australia
| | - Songcan Wang
- Nanomaterials Centre, School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland
- Australia
| | - Lianzhou Wang
- Nanomaterials Centre, School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland
- Australia
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Lima A, Costa M, Santos R, Batista N, Cavalcante L, Longo E, Luz G. Facile preparation of CuWO4 porous films and their photoelectrochemical properties. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
43
|
Seriani N. Ab initio simulations of water splitting on hematite. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2017; 29:463002. [PMID: 29057752 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aa84d9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, hematite has attracted great interest as a photocatalyst for water splitting, but many questions remain unanswered about the mechanisms and the main limiting factors. For this reason, density functional theory has been used to understand the optical, electronic and chemical properties of this material at an atomistic level. Bulk doping can be used to reduce the band gap, and to increase photoabsorption and charge mobility. Charge transport takes place through adiabatic polaron hopping. The stable (0 0 0 1) surface has a stoichiometric termination when exposed to oxygen, it becomes hydroxylated in water, and it has an oxygen-rich termination under illumination in a photoelectrochemical setup. On the oxygen-rich termination, surface states are present that might act as recombination centres for electrons and holes. On the contrary, on the hydroxylated termination surface states appear only on reaction intermediates. The intrinsic surface states disappear in the presence of an overlayer of gallium oxide. The reaction of water oxidation is assumed to proceed by four proton-coupled electron transfers and it is shown to involve a nucleophilic attack with the formation of an OOH group. Calculated overpotentials are in the range of 0.5-0.6 V. Open questions and future research directions are briefly discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Seriani
- The Abdus Salam ICTP, Strada Costiera 11, 34151 Trieste, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Shavorskiy A, Ye X, Karslıoğlu O, Poletayev AD, Hartl M, Zegkinoglou I, Trotochaud L, Nemšák S, Schneider CM, Crumlin EJ, Axnanda S, Liu Z, Ross PN, Chueh W, Bluhm H. Direct Mapping of Band Positions in Doped and Undoped Hematite during Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:5579-5586. [PMID: 29083905 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b02548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Photoelectrochemical water splitting is a promising pathway for the direct conversion of renewable solar energy to easy to store and use chemical energy. The performance of a photoelectrochemical device is determined in large part by the heterogeneous interface between the photoanode and the electrolyte, which we here characterize directly under operating conditions using interface-specific probes. Utilizing X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy as a noncontact probe of local electrical potentials, we demonstrate direct measurements of the band alignment at the semiconductor/electrolyte interface of an operating hematite/KOH photoelectrochemical cell as a function of solar illumination, applied potential, and doping. We provide evidence for the absence of in-gap states in this system, which is contrary to previous measurements using indirect methods, and give a comprehensive description of shifts in the band positions and limiting processes during the photoelectrochemical reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Shavorskiy
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Xiaofei Ye
- Material Science and Engineering Division, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Osman Karslıoğlu
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Andrey D Poletayev
- Material Science and Engineering Division, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Matthias Hartl
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Ioannis Zegkinoglou
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Lena Trotochaud
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Slavomir Nemšák
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Claus M Schneider
- Peter-Grünberg-Institut-6, Forschungszentrum Jülich , 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Ethan J Crumlin
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Stephanus Axnanda
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Zhi Liu
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Philip N Ross
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - William Chueh
- Material Science and Engineering Division, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Hendrik Bluhm
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Takanabe K. Photocatalytic Water Splitting: Quantitative Approaches toward Photocatalyst by Design. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b02662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 473] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Takanabe
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST
Catalysis Center (KCC) and Physical Sciences and Engineering Division
(PSE), 4700 KAUST, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
When eutectic composites meet photoelectrochemistry – Highly stable and efficient UV–visible hybrid photoanodes. J Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2017.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
47
|
Gracia J, Munarriz J, Polo V, Sharpe R, Jiao Y, Niemantsverdriet JWH, Lim T. Analysis of the Magnetic Entropy in Oxygen Reduction Reactions Catalysed by Manganite Perovskites. ChemCatChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201700302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jose Gracia
- SynCat@Beijing; Synfuels China Technology Co. Ltd.; Beijing 101407 P.R. China
| | - Julen Munarriz
- Departamento de Química Física and Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos (BIFI); Universidad de Zaragoza; Zaragoza Spain
| | - Victor Polo
- Departamento de Química Física and Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos (BIFI); Universidad de Zaragoza; Zaragoza Spain
| | - Ryan Sharpe
- SynCat@Beijing; Synfuels China Technology Co. Ltd.; Beijing 101407 P.R. China
| | - Yunzhe Jiao
- SynCat@Beijing; Synfuels China Technology Co. Ltd.; Beijing 101407 P.R. China
| | - J. W. Hans Niemantsverdriet
- SynCat@Beijing; Synfuels China Technology Co. Ltd.; Beijing 101407 P.R. China
- SynCat@Differ; Syngaschem BV; PO Box 6336 5600 HH Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Tingbin Lim
- SynCat@Beijing; Synfuels China Technology Co. Ltd.; Beijing 101407 P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
Oxygen reduction is considered a key reaction for electrochemical energy conversion but slow kinetics hamper application in fuel cells and metal-air batteries. In this review, the prospect of perovskite oxides for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in alkaline media is reviewed with respect to fundamental insight into activity and possible mechanisms. For gaining these insights, special emphasis is placed on highly crystalline perovskite films that have only recently become available for electrochemical interrogation. The prospects for applications are evaluated based on recent progress in the synthesis of perovskite nanoparticles. The review concludes with the current understanding of oxygen reduction on perovskite oxides and a perspective on opportunities for future fundamental and applied research.
Collapse
|
49
|
Hersant G, Hammami A, Armand M, Marsan B. Synthesis and electrochemical properties of potassium 5-trifluoromethyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiolate/disulfide redox couple. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
50
|
Canty M, Luke-Marshall N, Campagnari A, Ehrensberger M. Cathodic voltage-controlled electrical stimulation of titanium for prevention of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter baumannii biofilm infections. Acta Biomater 2017; 48:451-460. [PMID: 27890730 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.11.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance of bacterial biofilms limits available treatment methods for implant-associated orthopaedic infections. This study evaluated the effects of applying cathodic voltage-controlled electrical stimulations (CVCES) of -1.5V and -1.8V (vs. Ag/AgCl) to coupons of commercially pure titanium (cpTi) incubated in cultures of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) as a method of preventing bacterial attachment. Stimulations were applied for 2, 4, and 8h and coupon-associated and planktonic colony-forming units (CFU) were enumerated following stimulation. Compared to open circuit potential (OCP) controls, CVCES for 4h at -1.8V significantly reduced coupon-associated MRSA CFU by 99.9% (1.30×104vs. 4.45×107, p=0.047) and A. baumannii coupon-associated CFU by 99.9% (1.64×104vs. 5.93×107, p=0.001) and reduced planktonic CFU below detectable levels for both strains. CVCES at -1.8V for 8h also reduced coupon-associated and planktonic CFU below detectable levels for each strain. CVCES at -1.5V for 4 and 8h, and -1.8V for 2h did not result in clinically relevant reductions. For 4 and 8h stimulations, the current density was significantly higher for -1.8V than -1.5V, an effect directly related to the rate of water and oxygen reduction on the cpTi surface. This significantly increased the pH, a suspected influence in decreased CFU viability. The voltage-dependent electrochemical properties of cpTi likely contribute to the observed antimicrobial effects of CVCES. This study revealed that CVCES of titanium could prevent coupon-associated and planktonic CFU of Gram-positive MRSA and Gram-negative A. baumannii from reaching detectable levels in a magnitude-dependent and time-dependent manner. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Periprosthetic joint infection is a devastating outcome of total joint arthroplasty and has led to increased patient morbidity and rising healthcare costs. Current treatments are limited by the growing prevalence of antimicrobial resistant biofilms. Therefore, there is a growing interest in the prevention of bacterial colonization of implants. Previous work has shown that cathodic voltage-controlled electrical stimulation (CVCES) of titanium is effective both in vitro and in vivo as an antimicrobial strategy to eradicate established implant-associated biofilm infections. The present study revealed that CVCES of titanium coupons also has utility in preventing coupon-associated and planktonic colony-forming units of Gram-positive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Acinetobacter baumannii from reaching detectable levels in a magnitude-dependent and time-dependent manner.
Collapse
|