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Hernández-Martínez R, Nowotschin S, Harland LT, Kuo YY, Theeuwes B, Göttgens B, Lacy E, Hadjantonakis AK, Anderson KV. Axin1 and Axin2 regulate the WNT-signaling landscape to promote distinct mesoderm programs. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.09.11.612342. [PMID: 39314295 PMCID: PMC11419046 DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.11.612342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
How distinct mesodermal lineages - extraembryonic, lateral, intermediate, paraxial and axial - are specified from pluripotent epiblast during gastrulation is a longstanding open question. By investigating AXIN, a negative regulator of the WNT/β-catenin pathway, we have uncovered new roles for WNT signaling in the determination of mesodermal fates. We undertook complementary approaches to dissect the role of WNT signaling that augmented a detailed analysis of Axin1;Axin2 mutant mouse embryos, including single-cell and single-embryo transcriptomics, with in vitro pluripotent Epiblast-Like Cell differentiation assays. This strategy allowed us to reveal two layers of regulation. First, WNT initiates differentiation of primitive streak cells into mesoderm progenitors, and thereafter, WNT amplifies and cooperates with BMP/pSMAD1/5/9 or NODAL/pSMAD2/3 to propel differentiating mesoderm progenitors into either posterior streak derivatives or anterior streak derivatives, respectively. We propose that Axin1 and Axin2 prevent aberrant differentiation of pluripotent epiblast cells into mesoderm by spatially and temporally regulating WNT signaling levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Hernández-Martínez
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Sonja Nowotschin
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Luke T.G. Harland
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ying-Yi Kuo
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Bart Theeuwes
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Berthold Göttgens
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Elizabeth Lacy
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Anna-Katerina Hadjantonakis
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Kathryn V. Anderson
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
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2
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Tran NT, Graf R, Acevedo-Ochoa E, Trombke J, Weber T, Sommermann T, Salomon C, Kühn R, Rajewsky K, Chu VT. In vivo CRISPR/Cas9-mediated screen reveals a critical function of TFDP1 and E2F4 transcription factors in hematopoiesis. Leukemia 2024; 38:2003-2015. [PMID: 39043964 PMCID: PMC11347378 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-024-02357-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Hematopoiesis is a continuous process of blood cell production driven by hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) in the bone marrow. Proliferation and differentiation of HSPCs are regulated by complex transcriptional networks. In order to identify transcription factors with key roles in HSPC-mediated hematopoietic reconstitution, we developed an efficient and robust CRISPR/Cas9-based in vivo genetic screen. Using this experimental system, we identified the TFDP1 transcription factor to be essential for HSPC proliferation and post-transplant hematopoiesis. We further discovered that E2F4, an E2F transcription factor, serves as a binding partner of TFDP1 and is required for HSPC proliferation. Deletion of TFDP1 caused downregulation of genes associated with the cell cycle, with around 50% of these genes being identified as direct targets of TFDP1 and E2F4. Thus, our study expands the transcriptional network governing hematopoietic development through an in vivo CRISPR/Cas9-based genetic screen and identifies TFDP1/E2F4 as positive regulators of cell cycle genes in HSPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc Tung Tran
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Immune Regulation and Cancer, Berlin, Germany.
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Robin Graf
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Immune Regulation and Cancer, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, 13125, Germany
- Muscle Research Unit, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a cooperation between the Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ernesto Acevedo-Ochoa
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Immune Regulation and Cancer, Berlin, Germany
| | - Janine Trombke
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Immune Regulation and Cancer, Berlin, Germany
| | - Timm Weber
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Immune Regulation and Cancer, Berlin, Germany
- Biobank OWL (BOWL), Medical School OWL, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Thomas Sommermann
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Immune Regulation and Cancer, Berlin, Germany
- Dynamic42 GmbH, Jena, Germany
| | - Claudia Salomon
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Immune Regulation and Cancer, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralf Kühn
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Genome Engineering & Disease Models, Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaus Rajewsky
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Immune Regulation and Cancer, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Van Trung Chu
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Immune Regulation and Cancer, Berlin, Germany.
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Genome Engineering & Disease Models, Berlin, Germany.
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3
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Palis J. Erythropoiesis in the mammalian embryo. Exp Hematol 2024; 136:104283. [PMID: 39048071 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2024.104283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Red blood cells (RBCs) comprise a critical component of the cardiovascular network, which constitutes the first functional organ system of the developing mammalian embryo. Examination of circulating blood cells in mammalian embryos revealed two distinct types of erythroid cells: large, nucleated "primitive" erythroblasts followed by smaller, enucleated "definitive" erythrocytes. This review describes the current understanding of primitive and definitive erythropoiesis gleaned from studies of mouse and human embryos and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Primitive erythropoiesis in the mouse embryo comprises a transient wave of committed primitive erythroid progenitors (primitive erythroid colony-forming cells, EryP-CFC) in the early yolk sac that generates a robust cohort of precursors that mature in the bloodstream and enucleate. In contrast, definitive erythropoiesis has two distinct developmental origins. The first comprises a transient wave of definitive erythroid progenitors (burst-forming units erythroid, BFU-E) that emerge in the yolk sac and seed the fetal liver where they terminally mature to provide the first definitive RBCs. The second comprises hematopoietic stem cell (HSC)-derived BFU-E that terminally mature at sites colonized by HSCs particularly the fetal liver and subsequently the bone marrow. Primitive and definitive erythropoiesis are derived from endothelial identity precursors with distinct developmental origins. Although they share prototypical transcriptional regulation, primitive and definitive erythropoiesis are also characterized by distinct lineage-specific factors. The exquisitely timed, sequential production of primitive and definitive erythroid cells is necessary for the survival and growth of the mammalian embryo.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Palis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY.
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4
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Verdejo-Torres O, Klein DC, Novoa-Aponte L, Carrazco-Carrillo J, Bonilla-Pinto D, Rivera A, Fitisemanu F, Jiménez-González ML, Flinn L, Pezacki AT, Lanzirotti A, Ortiz-Frade LA, Chang CJ, Navea JG, Blaby-Haas C, Hainer SJ, Padilla-Benavides T. Cysteine Rich Intestinal Protein 2 is a copper-responsive regulator of skeletal muscle differentiation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.03.592485. [PMID: 38746126 PMCID: PMC11092763 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.03.592485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential trace element required for respiration, neurotransmitter synthesis, oxidative stress response, and transcriptional regulation. Imbalance in Cu homeostasis can lead to several pathological conditions, affecting neuronal, cognitive, and muscular development. Mechanistically, Cu and Cu-binding proteins (Cu-BPs) have an important but underappreciated role in transcription regulation in mammalian cells. In this context, our lab investigates the contributions of novel Cu-BPs in skeletal muscle differentiation using murine primary myoblasts. Through an unbiased synchrotron X-ray fluorescence-mass spectrometry (XRF/MS) metalloproteomic approach, we identified the murine cysteine rich intestinal protein 2 (mCrip2) in a sample that showed enriched Cu signal, which was isolated from differentiating primary myoblasts derived from mouse satellite cells. Immunolocalization analyses showed that mCrip2 is abundant in both nuclear and cytosolic fractions. Thus, we hypothesized that mCrip2 might have differential roles depending on its cellular localization in the skeletal muscle lineage. mCrip2 is a LIM-family protein with 4 conserved Zn2+-binding sites. Homology and phylogenetic analyses showed that mammalian Crip2 possesses histidine residues near two of the Zn2+-binding sites (CX2C-HX2C) which are potentially implicated in Cu+-binding and competition with Zn2+. Biochemical characterization of recombinant human hsCRIP2 revealed a high Cu+-binding affinity for two and four Cu+ ions and limited redox potential. Functional characterization using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated deletion of mCrip2 in primary myoblasts did not impact proliferation, but impaired myogenesis by decreasing the expression of differentiation markers, possibly attributed to Cu accumulation. Transcriptome analyses of proliferating and differentiating mCrip2 KO myoblasts showed alterations in mRNA processing, protein translation, ribosome synthesis, and chromatin organization. CUT&RUN analyses showed that mCrip2 associates with a select set of gene promoters, including MyoD1 and metallothioneins, acting as a novel Cu-responsive or Cu-regulating protein. Our work demonstrates novel regulatory functions of mCrip2 that mediate skeletal muscle differentiation, presenting new features of the Cu-network in myoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Odette Verdejo-Torres
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Wesleyan University, CT, 06459. USA
| | - David C. Klein
- Department of Biological Sciences. University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA. 15207. USA
| | - Lorena Novoa-Aponte
- Present address: Genetics and Metabolism Section, Liver Diseases Branch, National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. USA
| | | | - Denzel Bonilla-Pinto
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Wesleyan University, CT, 06459. USA
| | - Antonio Rivera
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Wesleyan University, CT, 06459. USA
| | | | | | - Lyra Flinn
- Chemistry Department. Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs New York, 12866. USA
| | - Aidan T. Pezacki
- Department of Chemistry. University of California, Berkeley, California, 94720. USA
| | - Antonio Lanzirotti
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, The University of Chicago, Lemont, IL 60439. USA
| | | | - Christopher J. Chang
- Department of Chemistry. University of California, Berkeley, California, 94720. USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology. University of California, Berkeley, California, 94720. USA
| | - Juan G. Navea
- Chemistry Department. Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs New York, 12866. USA
| | - Crysten Blaby-Haas
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA & DOE Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA. USA
| | - Sarah J. Hainer
- Department of Biological Sciences. University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA. 15207. USA
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5
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Rossmann MP, Palis J. Developmental regulation of primitive erythropoiesis. Curr Opin Hematol 2024; 31:71-81. [PMID: 38415349 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In this review, we present an overview of recent studies of primitive erythropoiesis, focusing on advances in deciphering its embryonic origin, defining species-specific differences in its developmental regulation, and better understanding the molecular and metabolic pathways involved in terminal differentiation. RECENT FINDINGS Single-cell transcriptomics combined with state-of-the-art lineage tracing approaches in unperturbed murine embryos have yielded new insights concerning the origin of the first (primitive) erythroid cells that arise from mesoderm-derived progenitors. Moreover, studies examining primitive erythropoiesis in rare early human embryo samples reveal an overall conservation of primitive erythroid ontogeny in mammals, albeit with some interesting differences such as localization of erythropoietin (EPO) production in the early embryo. Mechanistically, the repertoire of transcription factors that critically regulate primitive erythropoiesis has been expanded to include regulators of transcription elongation, as well as epigenetic modifiers such as the histone methyltransferase DOT1L. For the latter, noncanonical roles aside from enzymatic activity are being uncovered. Lastly, detailed surveys of the metabolic and proteomic landscape of primitive erythroid precursors reveal the activation of key metabolic pathways such as pentose phosphate pathway that are paralleled by a striking loss of mRNA translation machinery. SUMMARY The ability to interrogate single cells in vivo continues to yield new insights into the birth of the first essential organ system of the developing embryo. A comparison of the regulation of primitive and definitive erythropoiesis, as well as the interplay of the different layers of regulation - transcriptional, epigenetic, and metabolic - will be critical in achieving the goal of faithfully generating erythroid cells in vitro for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlies P Rossmann
- Department of Biomedical Genetics and Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center
| | - James Palis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
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6
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Cesana D, Cicalese MP, Calabria A, Merli P, Caruso R, Volpin M, Rudilosso L, Migliavacca M, Barzaghi F, Fossati C, Gazzo F, Pizzi S, Ciolfi A, Bruselles A, Tucci F, Spinozzi G, Pais G, Benedicenti F, Barcella M, Merelli I, Gallina P, Giannelli S, Dionisio F, Scala S, Casiraghi M, Strocchio L, Vinti L, Pacillo L, Draghi E, Cesana M, Riccardo S, Colantuono C, Six E, Cavazzana M, Carlucci F, Schmidt M, Cancrini C, Ciceri F, Vago L, Cacchiarelli D, Gentner B, Naldini L, Tartaglia M, Montini E, Locatelli F, Aiuti A. A case of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia in retroviral gene therapy for ADA-SCID. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3662. [PMID: 38688902 PMCID: PMC11061298 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47866-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy (GT) using a γ-retroviral vector (γ-RV) is an effective treatment for Severe Combined Immunodeficiency due to Adenosine Deaminase deficiency. Here, we describe a case of GT-related T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) that developed 4.7 years after treatment. The patient underwent chemotherapy and haploidentical transplantation and is currently in remission. Blast cells contain a single vector insertion activating the LIM-only protein 2 (LMO2) proto-oncogene, confirmed by physical interaction, and low Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) activity resulting from methylation of viral promoter. The insertion is detected years before T-ALL in multiple lineages, suggesting that further hits occurred in a thymic progenitor. Blast cells contain known and novel somatic mutations as well as germline mutations which may have contributed to transformation. Before T-ALL onset, the insertion profile is similar to those of other ADA-deficient patients. The limited incidence of vector-related adverse events in ADA-deficiency compared to other γ-RV GT trials could be explained by differences in transgenes, background disease and patient's specific factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Cesana
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Cicalese
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Paediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Calabria
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro Merli
- IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Monica Volpin
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Rudilosso
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maddalena Migliavacca
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Paediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Barzaghi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Paediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Fossati
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Gazzo
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Pizzi
- Molecular Genetics and Functional Genomics, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Ciolfi
- Molecular Genetics and Functional Genomics, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bruselles
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Tucci
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Paediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio Spinozzi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Pais
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Benedicenti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Barcella
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- National Research Council, Institute for Biomedical Technologies, Segrate, Italy
| | - Ivan Merelli
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- National Research Council, Institute for Biomedical Technologies, Segrate, Italy
| | - Pierangela Gallina
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Giannelli
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Dionisio
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Serena Scala
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Miriam Casiraghi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Lucia Pacillo
- Immune and Infectious Diseases Division, Research Unit of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Academic Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Draghi
- Immunogenetics, Leukemia Genomics and Immunobiology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Ospedale San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Marcella Cesana
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Armenise/Harvard Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Pozzuoli, Italy
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Sara Riccardo
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Armenise/Harvard Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Pozzuoli, Italy
- NEGEDIA S.r.l., Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Chiara Colantuono
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Armenise/Harvard Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Pozzuoli, Italy
- NEGEDIA S.r.l., Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Emmanuelle Six
- Laboratory of Human Lympho-hematopoiesis, INSERM, Paris, France
| | | | - Filippo Carlucci
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | | | - Caterina Cancrini
- Immune and Infectious Diseases Division, Research Unit of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Academic Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Department of Systems Medicine University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Vago
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Immunogenetics, Leukemia Genomics and Immunobiology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Ospedale San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
- Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Cacchiarelli
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Armenise/Harvard Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Pozzuoli, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
- School for Advanced Studies, Genomics and Experimental Medicine Program, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Bernhard Gentner
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Naldini
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Tartaglia
- Molecular Genetics and Functional Genomics, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Eugenio Montini
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Franco Locatelli
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
- Paediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
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7
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Housini M, Dariya B, Ahmed N, Stevens A, Fiadjoe H, Nagaraju GP, Basha R. Colorectal cancer: Genetic alterations, novel biomarkers, current therapeutic strategies and clinical trials. Gene 2024; 892:147857. [PMID: 37783294 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly detected cancer with a serious global health issue. The rates for incidence and mortality for CRC are alarming, especially since the prognosis is abysmal when the CRC is diagnosed at an advanced or metastatic stage. Both type of (modifiable/ non-modifiable) types of risk factors are established for CRC. Despite the advances in recent technology and sophisticated research, the survival rate is still meager due to delays in diagnosis. Therefore, there is urgently required to identify critical biomarkers aiming at early diagnosis and improving effective therapeutic strategies. Additionally, a complete understanding of the dysregulated pathways like PI3K/Akt, Notch, and Wnt associated with CRC progression and metastasis is very beneficial in designing a therapeutic regimen. This review article focused on the dysregulated signaling pathways, genetics and epigenetics alterations, and crucial biomarkers of CRC. This review also provided the list of clinical trials targeting signaling cascades and therapies involving small molecules. This review discusses up-to-date information on novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies alongside specific clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Housini
- Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, United States
| | - Begum Dariya
- Center for Drug Design, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 5545, United States
| | - Nadia Ahmed
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Alyssa Stevens
- Missouri Southern State University, Joplin, MO 64801, United States
| | - Hope Fiadjoe
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, United States
| | - Ganji Purnachandra Nagaraju
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, United States.
| | - Riyaz Basha
- Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, United States; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, United States.
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8
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Li L, Chen M, Liu W, Tai P, Liu X, Liu JX. Zebrafish cox17 modulates primitive erythropoiesis via regulation of mitochondrial metabolism to facilitate hypoxia tolerance. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22596. [PMID: 36208295 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200829r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Cox17 is required in the assembly of mitochondrial intermembrane space (IMS) and Cu metallization of cytochrome C oxidase (CcO) in mitochondria as well as Cu homeostasis in cells. Cox deficiency is associated with hematopoietic diseases such as tubulopathy and leukodystrophy, but whether and how cox17 functions in hematopoiesis are still unknown. Here, we report the effects of zebrafish cox17 deficiency on primitive erythropoiesis, mitochondrial metabolism, and hypoxia tolerance. Cox17-/- larvae were sensitive to hypoxia stress, with reduced primitive erythropoiesis. Meanwhile, cox17-/- mutants showed a significant reduction in the expression of pivotal transcriptional regulators in erythropoiesis, such as scl, lmo2, and gata1a at 14 h post fertilization (hpf), with expression remaining downregulated for scl but upregulated for lmo2 and gata1a at 24 hpf. Mechanistically, cox17-/- mutants showed impaired mitochondrial metabolism, coupled with a significant decrease in the mitochondrial membrane potential, ATP and SAM content, and the ratio of SAM and SAH. Additionally, disrupting mitochondrial metabolism in wild type (WT) larvae treated with carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) could mimic the primitive erythropoiesis defects observed in cox17-/- mutants. Moreover, cox17-/- mutants exhibited significantly downregulated WNT signaling and upregulated ER stress, with a significant reduction of beta-Catenin in gata1a+ cells and of binding enrichment in both scl and lmo2 promoters of the WNT transcriptional factor TCF4. This is the first report on the novel linkage of cox17 deficiency with defective primitive erythropoiesis and reduced hypoxia tolerance. This study has shed light on the potential mechanism by which Cox deficiency, especially cox17 deficiency, induces Cu homeostasis imbalance, leading to hematopoietic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- LingYa Li
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - MingYue Chen
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - WenYe Liu
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - PengZhi Tai
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xingguo Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Science, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Science; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Xia Liu
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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9
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Mattonet K, Riemslagh FW, Guenther S, Prummel KD, Kesavan G, Hans S, Ebersberger I, Brand M, Burger A, Reischauer S, Mosimann C, Stainier DYR. Endothelial versus pronephron fate decision is modulated by the transcription factors Cloche/Npas4l, Tal1, and Lmo2. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn2082. [PMID: 36044573 PMCID: PMC9432843 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn2082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial specification is a key event during embryogenesis; however, when, and how, endothelial cells separate from other lineages is poorly understood. In zebrafish, Npas4l is indispensable for endothelial specification by inducing the expression of the transcription factor genes etsrp, tal1, and lmo2. We generated a knock-in reporter in zebrafish npas4l to visualize endothelial progenitors and their derivatives in wild-type and mutant embryos. Unexpectedly, we find that in npas4l mutants, npas4l reporter-expressing cells contribute to the pronephron tubules. Single-cell transcriptomics and live imaging of the early lateral plate mesoderm in wild-type embryos indeed reveals coexpression of endothelial and pronephron markers, a finding confirmed by creERT2-based lineage tracing. Increased contribution of npas4l reporter-expressing cells to pronephron tubules is also observed in tal1 and lmo2 mutants and is reversed in npas4l mutants injected with tal1 mRNA. Together, these data reveal that Npas4l/Tal1/Lmo2 regulate the fate decision between the endothelial and pronephron lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenny Mattonet
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, 61231, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site, 43, D-61231 Bad Nauheim
- CPI (Cardio Pulmonary Institute), partner site, 43, D-61231 Bad Nauheim
- DZL (German Center for Lung Research), partner site, 43, D-61231 Bad Nauheim
| | - Fréderike W. Riemslagh
- Section of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12801 E 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Stefan Guenther
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site, 43, D-61231 Bad Nauheim
- CPI (Cardio Pulmonary Institute), partner site, 43, D-61231 Bad Nauheim
- Bioinformatics and Deep Sequencing Platform, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim 61231, Germany
| | - Karin D. Prummel
- Section of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12801 E 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Gokul Kesavan
- Center for Regenerative Therapies at TU Dresden (CRTD); Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefan Hans
- Center for Regenerative Therapies at TU Dresden (CRTD); Dresden, Germany
| | - Ingo Ebersberger
- Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Institute of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Center (S-BIKF), Frankfurt 60325, Germany
- LOEWE Center for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (TBG), Frankfurt 60325, Germany
| | - Michael Brand
- Center for Regenerative Therapies at TU Dresden (CRTD); Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexa Burger
- Section of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12801 E 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Sven Reischauer
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, 61231, Germany
- CPI (Cardio Pulmonary Institute), partner site, 43, D-61231 Bad Nauheim
| | - Christian Mosimann
- Section of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12801 E 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Didier Y. R. Stainier
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, 61231, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site, 43, D-61231 Bad Nauheim
- CPI (Cardio Pulmonary Institute), partner site, 43, D-61231 Bad Nauheim
- DZL (German Center for Lung Research), partner site, 43, D-61231 Bad Nauheim
- Corresponding author.
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10
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Wang W, Meng Y, Chen Y, Yu Y, Wang H, Yang S, Sun W. A comprehensive analysis of LMO2 pathogenic regulatory profile during T-lineage development and leukemic transformation. Oncogene 2022; 41:4079-4090. [PMID: 35851847 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02414-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
LMO2 is a well-known leukemic proto-oncogene, its ectopic expression in T-lineage specifically initiates malignant transformation of immature T cells and ultimately causes the onset of acute T-lymphocytic leukemia (T-ALL) in both mouse models and human patients. In this study, we systematically explored the LMO2 performance on the profiles of transcriptome, DNA-binding and protein interactions during T-lineage development in the pre-leukemic stage. Our data indicated that large-scale transcriptional dysregulation caused by LMO2 primarily occurred in DN3 thymocytes, characterized by enriched upregulation of the target genes of typical LMO2 complex, RUNX, ETS and STATs, and ectopic LMO2 primarily targeted to RUNX motifs along with intensive interaction with RUNX1 and H3K4 methyltransferase component ASH2L in this stage. However, binding of LMO2 on specific motifs was largely reduced in the following DP and SP stages, along with gradually disappeared LMO2-RUNX1 and LMO2-ASH2L interactions and less alteration of certain transcriptional factor profiles. Moreover, LMO2 showed relatively less influence on cellular behavior of DN3 thymocyte whereas displayed more prominent effects in DP and SP stages, including promoting Notch signaling and cell cycles. These findings provide a high-resolution landscape of the pathogenic role of LMO2 during T-lineage development in molecular level, and may benefit further clinical investigations for LMO2-associated T-lineage malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Wang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingying Meng
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yaxin Chen
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanhong Yu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hang Wang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuang Yang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Sun
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
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11
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Henry B, Volle G, Akpovi H, Gineau L, Roussel C, Ndour PA, Tossou F, Suarez F, Palstra F, Fricot A, Chambrion C, Solinc J, Nguyen J, Garé M, Aussenac F, Cottart CH, Keyser C, Adamou R, Tichit M, Hardy D, Fievet N, Clain J, Garcia A, Courtin D, Hermine O, Sabbagh A, Buffet P. Splenic clearance of rigid erythrocytes as an inherited mechanism for splenomegaly and natural resistance to malaria. EBioMedicine 2022; 82:104167. [PMID: 35843175 PMCID: PMC9297103 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Henry
- Université Paris Cité, Biologie Intégrée du Globule Rouge, UMR_S1134, BIGR, INSERM, Paris, France; Laboratoire d'Excellence Gr-Ex, Paris, France; Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France; Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, APHP, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Centre d'Infectiologie Necker-Pasteur, Institut Imagine, Paris, France; Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, APHP. Université Paris Saclay, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Geoffroy Volle
- Université Paris Cité, Biologie Intégrée du Globule Rouge, UMR_S1134, BIGR, INSERM, Paris, France; Laboratoire d'Excellence Gr-Ex, Paris, France; Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France
| | - Hilaire Akpovi
- CERPAGE (Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur les Pathologies Associées à la Grossesse et à l'Enfance), Cotonou, Bénin
| | - Laure Gineau
- Laboratoire d'Excellence Gr-Ex, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, IRD, MERIT, Paris, France
| | - Camille Roussel
- Université Paris Cité, Biologie Intégrée du Globule Rouge, UMR_S1134, BIGR, INSERM, Paris, France; Laboratoire d'Excellence Gr-Ex, Paris, France; Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France
| | - Papa Alioune Ndour
- Université Paris Cité, Biologie Intégrée du Globule Rouge, UMR_S1134, BIGR, INSERM, Paris, France; Laboratoire d'Excellence Gr-Ex, Paris, France; Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France
| | - Félicien Tossou
- Centre Interfacultaire de Formation et de Recherche en Environnement pour le Développement Durable (CIFRED), Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Bénin; Ministère de la Santé, Cotonou, Bénin
| | - Felipe Suarez
- Laboratoire d'Excellence Gr-Ex, Paris, France; Service d'hématologie adultes, APHP, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1163, CNRS ERL 8654, Paris, France
| | - Friso Palstra
- Laboratoire d'Excellence Gr-Ex, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, IRD, MERIT, Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Fricot
- Université Paris Cité, Biologie Intégrée du Globule Rouge, UMR_S1134, BIGR, INSERM, Paris, France; Laboratoire d'Excellence Gr-Ex, Paris, France; Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France
| | - Charlotte Chambrion
- Université Paris Cité, Biologie Intégrée du Globule Rouge, UMR_S1134, BIGR, INSERM, Paris, France; Laboratoire d'Excellence Gr-Ex, Paris, France; Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France
| | - Julien Solinc
- Université Paris Cité, Biologie Intégrée du Globule Rouge, UMR_S1134, BIGR, INSERM, Paris, France; Laboratoire d'Excellence Gr-Ex, Paris, France; Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France
| | - Julie Nguyen
- Laboratoire d'Excellence Gr-Ex, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, IRD, MERIT, Paris, France
| | - Mathilde Garé
- CERPAGE (Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur les Pathologies Associées à la Grossesse et à l'Enfance), Cotonou, Bénin; Université Paris Cité, IRD, MERIT, Paris, France
| | - Florentin Aussenac
- CERPAGE (Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur les Pathologies Associées à la Grossesse et à l'Enfance), Cotonou, Bénin; Université Paris Cité, IRD, MERIT, Paris, France
| | - Charles-Henry Cottart
- Service de biochimie générale, APHP, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Faculté de pharmacie, Paris, France
| | | | - Rafiou Adamou
- CERPAGE (Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur les Pathologies Associées à la Grossesse et à l'Enfance), Cotonou, Bénin
| | - Magali Tichit
- Institut Pasteur, Experimental Neuropathology Unit, Paris, France
| | - David Hardy
- Institut Pasteur, Experimental Neuropathology Unit, Paris, France
| | - Nadine Fievet
- Laboratoire d'Excellence Gr-Ex, Paris, France; CERPAGE (Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur les Pathologies Associées à la Grossesse et à l'Enfance), Cotonou, Bénin; Université Paris Cité, IRD, MERIT, Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Clain
- Laboratoire d'Excellence Gr-Ex, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, IRD, MERIT, Paris, France
| | - André Garcia
- Laboratoire d'Excellence Gr-Ex, Paris, France; CERPAGE (Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur les Pathologies Associées à la Grossesse et à l'Enfance), Cotonou, Bénin; Université Paris Cité, IRD, MERIT, Paris, France
| | - David Courtin
- Laboratoire d'Excellence Gr-Ex, Paris, France; CERPAGE (Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur les Pathologies Associées à la Grossesse et à l'Enfance), Cotonou, Bénin; Université Paris Cité, IRD, MERIT, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Hermine
- Laboratoire d'Excellence Gr-Ex, Paris, France; Service d'hématologie adultes, APHP, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1163, CNRS ERL 8654, Paris, France
| | - Audrey Sabbagh
- Laboratoire d'Excellence Gr-Ex, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, IRD, MERIT, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Buffet
- Université Paris Cité, Biologie Intégrée du Globule Rouge, UMR_S1134, BIGR, INSERM, Paris, France; Laboratoire d'Excellence Gr-Ex, Paris, France; Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France; Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
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12
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Koo M, Zhang J, Tan B, Kurzer J, Gratzinger D, Zhao S, Suarez C, Lossos IS, Warnke RA, Natkunam Y. Human Germinal Center-associated Lymphoma (HGAL) Is a Reliable Marker of Normal and Neoplastic Follicular Helper T Cells Including Angioimmunoblastic T-Cell Lymphoma. Am J Surg Pathol 2022; 46:643-654. [PMID: 34907996 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000001852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The diagnosis of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is complex and requires the demonstration of a T-follicular helper (TFH) phenotype. Immunophenotypic markers that detect the TFH phenotype are highly variable, thereby necessitating the use of 3 to 5 TFH markers to substantiate a TFH phenotype. We tested the utility of germinal center markers human germinal center-associated lymphoma (HGAL) and LIM-domain only 2 (LMO2) in detecting a TFH phenotype. We compared their staining to that of 6 TFH markers in current use, PD-1, ICOS, CXCL13, SAP, CD10, and BCL6, in a cohort of 23 AITL. Our results show that although both markers can detect a TFH phenotype, HGAL was superior to LMO2 in the percent of cells stained and the intensity of staining, 2 variables used to generate H-scores. Using H-scores as the metric, HGAL was most comparable to BCL6 among the currently used TFH markers and was more sensitive than CXCL13, SAP, CD10, and LMO2. PD-1 and ICOS emerged as the most robust of the 8 markers tested in this study in detecting a TFH phenotype. We conclude that HGAL is a reliable marker of TFH cells and can aid in the diagnosis of lymphomas of TFH derivation, particularly in the recognition of early patterns of AITL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Koo
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Brent Tan
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Jason Kurzer
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Dita Gratzinger
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Shuchun Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Carlos Suarez
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Izidore S Lossos
- Department of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL
| | - Roger A Warnke
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Yasodha Natkunam
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
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13
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Winter MJ, Ono Y, Ball JS, Walentinsson A, Michaelsson E, Tochwin A, Scholpp S, Tyler CR, Rees S, Hetheridge MJ, Bohlooly-Y M. A Combined Human in Silico and CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated in Vivo Zebrafish Based Approach to Provide Phenotypic Data for Supporting Early Target Validation. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:827686. [PMID: 35548346 PMCID: PMC9082939 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.827686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical heterogeneity of heart failure has challenged our understanding of the underlying genetic mechanisms of this disease. In this respect, large-scale patient DNA sequencing studies have become an invaluable strategy for identifying potential genetic contributing factors. The complex aetiology of heart failure, however, also means that in vivo models are vital to understand the links between genetic perturbations and functional impacts as part of the process for validating potential new drug targets. Traditional approaches (e.g., genetically-modified mice) are optimal for assessing small numbers of genes, but less practical when multiple genes are identified. The zebrafish, in contrast, offers great potential for higher throughput in vivo gene functional assessment to aid target prioritisation, by providing more confidence in target relevance and facilitating gene selection for definitive loss of function studies undertaken in mice. Here we used whole-exome sequencing and bioinformatics on human patient data to identify 3 genes (API5, HSPB7, and LMO2) suggestively associated with heart failure that were also predicted to play a broader role in disease aetiology. The role of these genes in cardiovascular system development and function was then further investigated using in vivo CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene mutation analysis in zebrafish. We observed multiple impacts in F0 knockout zebrafish embryos (crispants) following effective somatic mutation, including changes in ventricle size, pericardial oedema, and chamber malformation. In the case of lmo2, there was also a significant impact on cardiovascular function as well as an expected reduction in erythropoiesis. The data generated from both the human in silico and zebrafish in vivo assessments undertaken supports further investigation of the potential roles of API5, HSPB7, and LMO2 in human cardiovascular disease. The data presented also supports the use of human in silico genetic variant analysis, in combination with zebrafish crispant phenotyping, as a powerful approach for assessing gene function as part of an integrated multi-level drug target validation strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Winter
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Yosuke Ono
- Living Systems Institute, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan S Ball
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Walentinsson
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Erik Michaelsson
- Early Clinical Development, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Tochwin
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Steffen Scholpp
- Living Systems Institute, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Charles R Tyler
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Steve Rees
- Discovery Biology, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Malcolm J Hetheridge
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammad Bohlooly-Y
- Translational Genomics, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
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14
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Foley T, Lohnes D. Cdx regulates gene expression through PRC2-mediated epigenetic mechanisms. Dev Biol 2021; 483:22-33. [PMID: 34973175 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2021.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The extra-embryonic yolk sac contains adjacent layers of mesoderm and visceral endoderm. The mesodermal layer serves as the first site of embryonic hematopoiesis, while the visceral endoderm provides a means of exchanging nutrients and waste until the development of the chorioallantoic placenta. While defects in chorioallantoic fusion and yolk sac hematopoiesis have been described in Cdx mutant mouse models, little is known about the gene targets and molecular mechanisms through which Cdx members regulate these processes. To this end, we used RNA-seq to examine Cdx-dependent gene expression changes in the yolk sac. We find that loss of Cdx function impacts the expression of genes involved in yolk sac hematopoiesis, as previously described, as well as novel Cdx2 target genes. In addition, we observed Cdx-dependent changes in PRC2 subunit expression accompanied by altered H3K27me3 deposition at a subset of Cdx target genes as early as E7.5 in the embryo proper. This study identifies additional Cdx target genes and provides further evidence for Cdx-dependent epigenetic regulation of gene expression in the early embryo, and that this regulation is required to maintain gene expression programs in the extra-embryonic yolk sac at later developmental stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya Foley
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1H 8M5.
| | - David Lohnes
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1H 8M5.
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15
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Degree of piRNA sharing and Piwi gene expression in the skeletal muscle of Piaractus mesopotamicus (pacu), Colossoma macropomum (tambaqui), and the hybrid tambacu. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2021; 264:111120. [PMID: 34822974 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.111120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PiRNAs are a class of small noncoding RNAs that, in their mature form, bind to Piwi proteins to repress transposable element activity. Besides their role in gametogenesis and genome integrity, recent evidence indicates their action in non-germinative tissues. We performed a global analysis of piRNA and Piwi gene expression in the skeletal muscle of juveniles pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus), tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum), and the hybrid tambacu to evaluate the degree of piRNA sharing among these three genotypes. Total RNA was sequenced and analyzed using specific parameters of piRNAs by bioinformatics tools. piRNA and Piwi gene expression was analyzed by RT-qPCR. We detected 24 piRNA clusters common to the three genotypes, with eight shared between pacu and tambacu, three between pacu and tambaqui, and five between tambaqui and tambacu; seven, five, and four clusters were unique to pacu, tambacu, and tambaqui, respectively. Genomic localization and fold change values showed two clusters and 100 piRNAs shared among the three genotypes. The gene expression of four piRNAs was evaluated to validate our bioinformatics results. piRNAs from cluster 17 were higher in tambacu than pacu and piRNAs from cluster 18 were more highly expressed in tambacu than tambaqui and pacu. In addition, the expression of Piwis 1 and 2 was higher in tambacu and tambaqui than pacu. Our results open an important window to investigate whether these small noncoding RNAs benefit the hybrid in terms of faster growth and offer a new perspective on the function of piRNAs and Piwis in fish skeletal muscle.
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16
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Fli1 + cells transcriptional analysis reveals an Lmo2-Prdm16 axis in angiogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2008559118. [PMID: 34330825 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2008559118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A network of molecular factors drives the development, differentiation, and maintenance of endothelial cells. Friend leukemia integration 1 transcription factor (FLI1) is a bona fide marker of endothelial cells during early development. In zebrafish Tg( f li1:EGFP) y1 , we identified two endothelial cell populations, high-fli1 + and low-fli1 +, by the intensity of green fluorescent protein signal. By comparing RNA-sequencing analysis of non-fli1 expressing cells (fli1 -) with these two (fli1 +) cell populations, we identified several up-regulated genes, not previously recognized as important, during endothelial development. Compared with fli1 - and low-fli1 + cells, high-fli1 + cells showed up-regulated expression of the zinc finger transcription factor PRDI-BF1 and RIZ homology domain containing 16 (prdm16). Prdm16 knockdown (KD) by morpholino in the zebrafish larva was associated with impaired angiogenesis and increased number of low-fli1 + cells at the expense of high-fli1 + cells. In addition, PRDM16 KD in endothelial cells derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cells impaired their differentiation and migration in vitro. Moreover, zebrafish mutants (mut) with loss of function for the oncogene LIM domain only 2 (lmo2) also showed reduced prdm16 gene expression combined with impaired angiogenesis. Prdm16 expression was reduced further in endothelial (CD31+) cells compared with CD31- cells isolated from l mo2-mutants (l mo2-mut) embryos. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-PCR demonstrated that Lmo2 binds to the promoter and directly regulates the transcription of prdm16 This work unveils a mechanism by which prdm16 expression is activated in endothelial cells by Lmo2 and highlights a possible therapeutic pathway by which to modulate endothelial cell growth and repair.
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Apple CG, Miller ES, Kannan KB, Stortz JA, Loftus TJ, Lopez MC, Parvataneni HK, Patrick M, Hagen JE, Baker HV, Efron PA, Mohr AM. The role of bone marrow microRNA (miR) in erythropoietic dysfunction after severe trauma. Surgery 2021; 169:1206-1212. [PMID: 33413921 PMCID: PMC8107112 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2020.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous data has shown that severe traumatic injury is associated with bone marrow dysfunction, which manifests as persistent injury-associated anemia. This study sought to identify whether the expression of erythropoiesis-related microRNAs were altered in the bone marrow of trauma patients to determine if these microRNAs play a role in persistent injury-associated anemia. METHODS Bone marrow was collected from severely injured trauma patients who underwent fracture fixation as well as patients who underwent elective hip replacement. There were 27 trauma patients and 10 controls analyzed. Total RNA and microRNA were isolated from CD34-positive cells using the RNeasy Plus Mini kit, and genome-wide microRNA expression patterns were assayed. Genes with significant expression differences were found using BRB-ArrayTools with a significance of P < .01. RESULTS There were marked differences in expression of 108 microRNAs in the trauma group when compared with hip replacement patients. Four of these microRNAs play a role in regulating erythropoiesis: microRNA-150, microRNA-223, microRNA15a, and microRNA-24. These microRNAs were all upregulated significantly, with trauma/hip replacement fold changes of 1.7, 1.8, 1.2, and 1.2 respectively, and all act to suppress or regulate erythropoiesis. CONCLUSION Assessment of the bone marrow microRNA profile in trauma patients compared to those undergoing elective hip replacement revealed the differential expression of microRNA-150, microRNA-223, microRNA-15a, and microRNA-24. These microRNAs all play a role in decreased erythroid progenitor cell growth and provide important insight to the erythropoietic dysfunction seen after trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille G Apple
- Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida Health, Gainesville, FL
| | - Elizabeth S Miller
- Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida Health, Gainesville, FL
| | - Kolenkode B Kannan
- Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida Health, Gainesville, FL
| | - Julie A Stortz
- Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida Health, Gainesville, FL
| | - Tyler J Loftus
- Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida Health, Gainesville, FL
| | - Maria Cecilia Lopez
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Hari K Parvataneni
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Matthew Patrick
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Jennifer E Hagen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Henry V Baker
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Philip A Efron
- Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida Health, Gainesville, FL
| | - Alicia M Mohr
- Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida Health, Gainesville, FL.
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18
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Fantinatti BEA, Perez ES, Zanella BTT, Valente JS, de Paula TG, Mareco EA, Carvalho RF, Piazza S, Denti MA, Dal-Pai-Silva M. Integrative microRNAome analysis of skeletal muscle of Colossoma macropomum (tambaqui), Piaractus mesopotamicus (pacu), and the hybrid tambacu, based on next-generation sequencing data. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:237. [PMID: 33823787 PMCID: PMC8022549 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07513-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Colossoma macropomum (tambaqui) and Piaractus mesopotamicus (pacu) are good fish species for aquaculture. The tambacu, individuals originating from the induced hybridization of the female tambaqui with the male pacu, present rapid growth and robustness, characteristics which have made the tambacu a good choice for Brazilian fish farms. Here, we used small RNA sequencing to examine global miRNA expression in the genotypes pacu (PC), tambaqui (TQ), and hybrid tambacu (TC), (Juveniles, n = 5 per genotype), to better understand the relationship between tambacu and its parental species, and also to clarify the mechanisms involved in tambacu muscle growth and maintenance based on miRNAs expression. Results Regarding differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs between the three genotypes, we observed 8 upregulated and 7 downregulated miRNAs considering TC vs. PC; 14 miRNAs were upregulated and 10 were downregulated considering TC vs. TQ, and 15 miRNAs upregulated and 9 were downregulated considering PC vs. TQ. The majority of the miRNAs showed specific regulation for each genotype pair, and no miRNA were shared between the 3 genotype pairs, in both up- and down-regulated miRNAs. Considering only the miRNAs with validated target genes, we observed the miRNAs miR-144-3p, miR-138-5p, miR-206-3p, and miR-499-5p. GO enrichment analysis showed that the main target genes for these miRNAs were grouped in pathways related to oxygen homeostasis, blood vessel modulation, and oxidative metabolism. Conclusions Our global miRNA analysis provided interesting DE miRNAs in the skeletal muscle of pacu, tambaqui, and the hybrid tambacu. In addition, in the hybrid tambacu, we identified some miRNAs controlling important molecular muscle markers that could be relevant for the farming maximization. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07513-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno E A Fantinatti
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, 18618-970, Brazil.,Ninth of July University - UNINOVE, Bauru, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology - CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Erika S Perez
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, 18618-970, Brazil
| | - Bruna T T Zanella
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, 18618-970, Brazil
| | - Jéssica S Valente
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, 18618-970, Brazil
| | - Tassiana G de Paula
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, 18618-970, Brazil
| | - Edson A Mareco
- University of Western Sao Paulo - UNOESTE, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Robson F Carvalho
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, 18618-970, Brazil
| | - Silvano Piazza
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology - CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Michela A Denti
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology - CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Maeli Dal-Pai-Silva
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, 18618-970, Brazil.
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19
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Ldb1 is required for Lmo2 oncogene-induced thymocyte self-renewal and T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood 2021; 135:2252-2265. [PMID: 32181817 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019000794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolonged or enhanced expression of the proto-oncogene Lmo2 is associated with a severe form of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), designated early T-cell precursor ALL, which is characterized by the aberrant self-renewal and subsequent oncogenic transformation of immature thymocytes. It has been suggested that Lmo2 exerts these effects by functioning as component of a multi-subunit transcription complex that includes the ubiquitous adapter Ldb1 along with b-HLH and/or GATA family transcription factors; however, direct experimental evidence for this mechanism is lacking. In this study, we investigated the importance of Ldb1 for Lmo2-induced T-ALL by conditional deletion of Ldb1 in thymocytes in an Lmo2 transgenic mouse model of T-ALL. Our results identify a critical requirement for Ldb1 in Lmo2-induced thymocyte self-renewal and thymocyte radiation resistance and for the transition of preleukemic thymocytes to overt T-ALL. Moreover, Ldb1 was also required for acquisition of the aberrant preleukemic ETP gene expression signature in immature Lmo2 transgenic thymocytes. Co-binding of Ldb1 and Lmo2 was detected at the promoters of key upregulated T-ALL driver genes (Hhex, Lyl1, and Nfe2) in preleukemic Lmo2 transgenic thymocytes, and binding of both Ldb1 and Lmo2 at these sites was reduced following Cre-mediated deletion of Ldb1. Together, these results identify a key role for Ldb1, a nonproto-oncogene, in T-ALL and support a model in which Lmo2-induced T-ALL results from failure to downregulate Ldb1/Lmo2-nucleated transcription complexes which normally function to enforce self-renewal in bone marrow hematopoietic progenitors.
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20
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Wang W, Chen Y, Chang Y, Sun W. Biochemical Feature of LMO2 Interactome and LMO2 Function Prospect. Med Sci Monit Basic Res 2020; 26:e924421. [PMID: 32713935 PMCID: PMC7409384 DOI: 10.12659/msmbr.924421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background LMO2 belongs to the LIM-Only group of LIM domain protein superfamily. It is ubiquitously expressed in different types of tissues and locates either in the nucleus or in the cytoplasm depending on the tissue type. Till now the unique function of LMO2 was considered to be serving as a bridging or blocking molecule that mediates extensive protein-protein interactions. However, the exactly biological features of LMO2 interactome as well as LMO2 function spectrum remain largely unclear. Material/Methods In this study, yeast 2-hybrid assay was firstly performed using LMO2 as the bait and the characteristic of LMO2 protein interactome was analyzed according to the yeast 2-hybrid data and other relative biological information primarily using bioinformatic method. Results Our data indicated that LMO2 favored interacting with peptides containing β-sheet structure and having relatively unstable confirmation. Moreover, several LMO2 favored interacting domains were identified, including WD40 repeat, coiled-coil, Ankyrin repeat, Zinc finger, PDZ, and SH3, and functions of these domain-containing members were dramatically enriched in some types of cancers. Conclusions Our results revealed a LMO2 favored protein-interaction pattern in both secondary structure and domain level, and concentrated LMO2 function in kinds of cytoplasmic metabolism pathways as well as multiple types of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Wang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Yaxin Chen
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Ying Chang
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis, Tianjin Center Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Wei Sun
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China (mainland)
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21
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Milton-Harris L, Jeeves M, Walker SA, Ward SE, Mancini EJ. Small molecule inhibits T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia oncogenic interaction through conformational modulation of LMO2. Oncotarget 2020; 11:1737-1748. [PMID: 32477463 PMCID: PMC7233811 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ectopic expression in T-cell precursors of LIM only protein 2 (LMO2), a key factor in hematopoietic development, has been linked to the onset of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (T-ALL). In the T-ALL context, LMO2 drives oncogenic progression through binding to erythroid-specific transcription factor SCL/TAL1 and sequestration of E-protein transcription factors, normally required for T-cell differentiation. A key requirement for the formation of this oncogenic protein-protein interaction (PPI) is the conformational flexibility of LMO2. Here we identify a small molecule inhibitor of the SCL-LMO2 PPI, which hinders the interaction in vitro through direct binding to LMO2. Biophysical analysis demonstrates that this inhibitor acts through a mechanism of conformational modulation of LMO2. Importantly, this work has led to the identification of a small molecule inhibitor of the SCL-LMO2 PPI, which can provide a starting point for the development of new agents for the treatment of T-ALL. These results suggest that similar approaches, based on the modulation of protein conformation by small molecules, might be used for therapeutic targeting of other oncogenic PPIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leanne Milton-Harris
- School of Life Sciences, Biochemistry Department, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QG, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Jeeves
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah A Walker
- Sussex Drug Discovery Centre, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9QJ, United Kingdom
| | - Simon E Ward
- Medicines Discovery Institute, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Erika J Mancini
- School of Life Sciences, Biochemistry Department, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QG, United Kingdom
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22
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Karia D, Gilbert RCG, Biasutto AJ, Porcher C, Mancini EJ. The histone H3K4 demethylase JARID1A directly interacts with haematopoietic transcription factor GATA1 in erythroid cells through its second PHD domain. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2020; 7:191048. [PMID: 32218938 PMCID: PMC7029945 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.191048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Chromatin remodelling and transcription factors play important roles in lineage commitment and development through control of gene expression. Activation of selected lineage-specific genes and repression of alternative lineage-affiliated genes result in tightly regulated cell differentiation transcriptional programmes. However, the complex functional and physical interplay between transcription factors and chromatin-modifying enzymes remains elusive. Recent evidence has implicated histone demethylases in normal haematopoietic differentiation as well as in malignant haematopoiesis. Here, we report an interaction between H3K4 demethylase JARID1A and the haematopoietic-specific master transcription proteins SCL and GATA1 in red blood cells. Specifically, we observe a direct physical contact between GATA1 and the second PHD domain of JARID1A. This interaction has potential implications for normal and malignant haematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimple Karia
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Robert C. G. Gilbert
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Antonio J. Biasutto
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, 3 S Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Catherine Porcher
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Erika J. Mancini
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9RH, UK
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23
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Koniaeva E, Stahlhut M, Lange L, Sauer MG, Kustikova OS, Schambach A. Conditional Immortalization of Lymphoid Progenitors via Tetracycline-Regulated LMO2 Expression. Hum Gene Ther 2019; 31:183-198. [PMID: 31760808 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2019.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Conditional immortalization of hematopoietic progenitors through lentiviral expression of selected transcription factors in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells provides a promising tool to study stem cell and leukemia biology. In this study, to generate conditionally immortalized lymphoid progenitor (ciLP) cell lines, murine hematopoietic progenitor cells were transduced with an inducible lentiviral "all-in-one" vector expressing LMO2 under doxycycline (DOX) stimulation and the reverse tetracycline-regulated transactivator (rtTA3). For selection of LMO2-expressing ciLPs (LMO2-ciLPs) and longitudinal manipulation in T cell differentiation lymphoid conditions, we developed a robust approach based on coculture with OP9-DL1 stromal cells and improved cytokine conditions allowing a controlled balance between cell proliferation and differentiation in vitro. LMO2-ciLP cell lines with the highest proliferation, vector copy number, and similar insertion pattern were selected for LMO2 "on/off" in vitro study. LMO2 expression under DOX induction resulted in a double negative (DN) 2 differentiation arrest and a propagation of CD44+CD25- myeloid cell population characterized by lymphoid and myeloid phenotypes, respectively. Both DN2 and CD44+CD25- myeloid cell subpopulations expressed c-KIT, suggesting that LMO2-ciLPs were similar to uncommitted progenitors under DOX supplementation. DOX removal resulted in cessation of ectopic LMO2 expression and LMO2-ciLPs continued T cell lymphoid differentiation accompanied by c-KIT downregulation and interleukin 7 receptor expression. Switching off LMO2 expression was accompanied by increased Notch signaling and significant reduction of the CD44+CD25- myeloid cell population under T cell differentiation lymphoid conditions. Although vector insertions in cooperation with LMO2 expression could influence the fate of LMO2-ciLPs and additional experiments are required to evaluate it, our approach provides a promising tool to investigate mechanisms underlying stem cell, leukemia, and lymphocyte biology, leading to novel approaches for disease modeling and therapy evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Koniaeva
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Maike Stahlhut
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Lucas Lange
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Martin G Sauer
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Olga S Kustikova
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Axel Schambach
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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24
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CHATTERJEE ARUNITA, AAVULA KUMAR, NONGTHOMBA UPENDRA. Beadex, a homologue of the vertebrate LIM domain only protein, is a novel regulator of crystal cell development in Drosophila melanogaster. J Genet 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12041-019-1154-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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25
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Yu X, Martella A, Kolovos P, Stevens M, Stadhouders R, Grosveld FG, Andrieu-Soler C. The dynamic emergence of GATA1 complexes identified in in vitro embryonic stem cell differentiation and in vivo mouse fetal liver. Haematologica 2019; 105:1802-1812. [PMID: 31582556 PMCID: PMC7327653 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.216010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
GATA1 is an essential transcriptional regulator of myeloid hematopoietic differentiation towards red blood cells. During erythroid differentiation, GATA1 forms different complexes with other transcription factors such as LDB1, TAL1, E2A and LMO2 ("the LDB1 complex") or with FOG1. The functions of GATA1 complexes have been studied extensively in definitive erythroid differentiation; however, the temporal and spatial formation of these complexes during erythroid development is unknown. We applied proximity ligation assay (PLA) to detect, localize and quantify individual interactions during embryonic stem cell differentiation and in mouse fetal liver (FL) tissue. We show that GATA1/LDB1 interactions appear before the proerythroblast stage and increase in a subset of the CD71+/TER119- cells to activate the terminal erythroid differentiation program in 12.5 day FL. Using Ldb1 and Gata1 knockdown FL cells, we studied the functional contribution of the GATA1/LDB1 complex during differentiation. This shows that the active LDB1 complex appears quite late at the proerythroblast stage of differentiation and confirms the power of PLA in studying the dynamic interaction of proteins in cell differentiation at the single cell level. We provide dynamic insight into the temporal and spatial formation of the GATA1 and LDB1 transcription factor complexes during hematopoietic development and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yu
- Department of Cell Biology, ErasmusMC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Current address: Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Andrea Martella
- Department of Cell Biology, ErasmusMC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,AstraZeneca, R&D Innovative Medicines, Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Petros Kolovos
- Department of Cell Biology, ErasmusMC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Biotech Research & Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mary Stevens
- Department of Cell Biology, ErasmusMC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ralph Stadhouders
- Department of Cell Biology, ErasmusMC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Frank G Grosveld
- Department of Cell Biology, ErasmusMC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Charlotte Andrieu-Soler
- Department of Cell Biology, ErasmusMC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands .,Institut de Génétique Moléculaire Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France.,Université de Paris, Laboratoire d'excellence (LabEx) du globule rouge GR-Ex, Paris, France
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26
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Scuoppo C, Zha S. LMO2 as a Biomarker for Hypersensitivity to Genotoxic Therapy. Cancer Cell 2019; 36:211-212. [PMID: 31526755 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2019.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In this issue of Cancer Cell, Parvin and colleagues identify the expression of LMO2 as a biomarker for DNA repair defects in lymphomas. Using isogenic cell lines and xenografts, the authors show that expression of LMO2 predicts sensitivity to PARP inhibition, especially in combination with genotoxic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Scuoppo
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Vagelos College for Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College for Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Shan Zha
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Vagelos College for Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Vagelos College for Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College for Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Vagelos College for Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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27
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LMO2 activation by deacetylation is indispensable for hematopoiesis and T-ALL leukemogenesis. Blood 2019; 134:1159-1175. [PMID: 31366618 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019000095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic transcription factor LIM domain only 2 (LMO2), a member of the TAL1 transcriptional complex, plays an essential role during early hematopoiesis and is frequently activated in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) patients. Here, we demonstrate that LMO2 is activated by deacetylation on lysine 74 and 78 via the nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT)/sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) pathway. LMO2 deacetylation enables LMO2 to interact with LIM domain binding 1 and activate the TAL1 complex. NAMPT/SIRT2-mediated activation of LMO2 by deacetylation appears to be important for hematopoietic differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells and blood formation in zebrafish embryos. In T-ALL, deacetylated LMO2 induces expression of TAL1 complex target genes HHEX and NKX3.1 as well as LMO2 autoregulation. Consistent with this, inhibition of NAMPT or SIRT2 suppressed the in vitro growth and in vivo engraftment of T-ALL cells via diminished LMO2 deacetylation. This new molecular mechanism may provide new therapeutic possibilities in T-ALL and may contribute to the development of new methods for in vitro generation of blood cells.
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28
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Kim M, Civin CI, Kingsbury TJ. MicroRNAs as regulators and effectors of hematopoietic transcription factors. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2019; 10:e1537. [PMID: 31007002 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoiesis is a highly-regulated development process orchestrated by lineage-specific transcription factors that direct the generation of all mature blood cells types, including red blood cells, megakaryocytes, granulocytes, monocytes, and lymphocytes. Under homeostatic conditions, the hematopoietic system of the typical adult generates over 1011 blood cells daily throughout life. In addition, hematopoiesis must be responsive to acute challenges due to blood loss or infection. MicroRNAs (miRs) cooperate with transcription factors to regulate all aspects of hematopoiesis, including stem cell maintenance, lineage selection, cell expansion, and terminal differentiation. Distinct miR expression patterns are associated with specific hematopoietic lineages and stages of differentiation and functional analyses have elucidated essential roles for miRs in regulating cell transitions, lineage selection, maturation, and function. MiRs function as downstream effectors of hematopoietic transcription factors and as upstream regulators to control transcription factor levels. Multiple miRs have been shown to play essential roles. Regulatory networks comprised of differentially expressed lineage-specific miRs and hematopoietic transcription factors are involved in controlling the quiescence and self-renewal of hematopoietic stem cells as well as proliferation and differentiation of lineage-specific progenitor cells during erythropoiesis, myelopoiesis, and lymphopoiesis. This review focuses on hematopoietic miRs that function as upstream regulators of central hematopoietic transcription factors required for normal hematopoiesis. This article is categorized under: RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Development Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > Regulatory RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- MinJung Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Curt I Civin
- Department of Pediatrics and Physiology, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Tami J Kingsbury
- Department of Physiology, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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Abstract
Hematopoiesis is the process by which mature blood and immune cells are produced from hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSCs and HSPCs). The last several decades of research have shed light on the origin of HSCs, as well as the heterogeneous pools of fetal progenitors that contribute to lifelong hematopoiesis. The overarching concept that hematopoiesis occurs in dynamic, overlapping waves throughout development, with each wave contributing to both continuous and developmentally limited cell types, has been solidified over the years. However, recent advances in our ability to track the production of hematopoietic cells in vivo have challenged several long-held dogmas on the origin and persistence of distinct hematopoietic cell types. In this review, we highlight emerging concepts in hematopoietic development and identify unanswered questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Cool
- Institute for the Biology of Stem Cells, Program in Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States
| | - E Camilla Forsberg
- Institute for the Biology of Stem Cells, Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States.
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30
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Cheng X, Xu X, Chen D, Zhao F, Wang W. Therapeutic potential of targeting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in colorectal cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 110:473-481. [PMID: 30530050 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.11.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 285] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant Wnt/β-catenin signaling has often been reported in different cancers, particularly colorectal cancer (CRC), and this signaling cascade is central to carcinogenesis. Approximately 80% of CRC cases harbor mutations in the adenomatous polyposis coli gene, and half of the remaining cases feature mutations in the β-catenin gene that affect the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Unsurprisingly, the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway has potential value as a therapeutic target in the treatment of CRC. Several inhibitors of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway have been developed for CRC treatment, but so far no molecular therapeutic targeting this pathway has been incorporated into oncological practice. In this review, we discuss the role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in CRC and its potential as a target of innovative therapeutic approaches for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Cheng
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangming Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Dong Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weilin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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31
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Insights into Endothelial Progenitor Cells: Origin, Classification, Potentials, and Prospects. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:9847015. [PMID: 30581475 PMCID: PMC6276490 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9847015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
With the discovery of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in the late 1990s, a paradigm shift in the concept of neoangiogenesis occurred. The identification of circulating EPCs in peripheral blood marked the beginning of a new era with enormous potential in the rapidly transforming regenerative field. Overwhelmed with the revelation, researchers across the globe focused on isolating, defining, and interpreting the role of EPCs in various physiological and pathological conditions. Consequently, controversies emerged regarding the isolation techniques and classification of EPCs. Nevertheless, the potential of using EPCs in tissue engineering as an angiogenic source has been extensively explored. Concomitantly, the impact of EPCs on various diseases, such as diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases, has been studied. Within the limitations of the current knowledge, this review attempts to delineate the concept of EPCs in a sequential manner from the speculative history to a definitive presence (origin, sources of EPCs, isolation, and identification) and significance of these EPCs. Additionally, this review is aimed at serving as a guide for investigators, identifying potential research gaps, and summarizing our current and future prospects regarding EPCs.
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32
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Yang X, Tan Y, Wang P, Zhang H, Zhao M, Zhao X, Wang K. PML-RARα interferes with erythropoiesis by repressing LMO2 in acute promyelocytic leukaemia. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:6275-6284. [PMID: 30320491 PMCID: PMC6237603 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The PML‐RARα fusion gene, generated by the t(15;17) chromosome translocation, is regarded as the initiating factor of acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL). In addition to the well‐known effects on blocking myeloid differentiation at the promyelocytic stage, promyelocytic leukaemia‐retinoic acid receptor α (PML‐RARα) has also been reported to interfere with multiple differentiation processes, including erythroid differentiation. However, the detailed molecular mechanism by which PML‐RARα impairs erythropoiesis has not yet been fully addressed. By chromatin immunoprecipitation‐PCR assay, we found that PML‐RARα bound to the distal promoter region of LMO2 (LIM‐only protein 2), a critical erythroid‐specific transcription factor. Luciferase reporter assays and qRT‐PCR results demonstrated that PML‐RARα down‐regulated the expression of the LMO2 distal transcript through transrepressing its promoter activity. Analysis of gene expression profiling data from large cohorts of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) patients confirmed that LMO2 expressed at a markedly lower level in APL patients in comparison to non‐APL AML patients. Further flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that PML‐RARα inhibited erythropoietin‐induced erythroid differentiation by down‐regulating LMO2 expression. Our findings reveal a previously unidentified mechanism, by which PML‐RARα interferes with erythropoiesis through directly targeting and transrepressing LMO2 expression in the development of APL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianwen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics and Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics and Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics and Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics and Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics and Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xujie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics and Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kankan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics and Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Sino-French Research Center for Life Sciences and Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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33
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Wu C, Li J, Tian C, Shi W, Jiang H, Zhang Z, Wang H, Zhang Q, Sun W, Sun P, Xiang R, Yang S. Epigenetic dysregulation of ZEB1 is involved in LMO2-promoted T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia leukaemogenesis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:2511-2525. [PMID: 29778661 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (T-ALL) is a hematological malignancy caused by the accumulation of genomic lesions that affect the development of T-cells. ZEB1, a member of zinc finger-homeodomain family transcription factor, exhibits crucial function in promoting T-cell differentiation and potentially acts as a tumor suppressor in T-ALL. However, the molecular mechanism by which ZEB1 regulates T-ALL leukaemogenesis remains obscure. Here, we showed that oncogenic LIM only 2 (LMO2) could recruit Sap18 and HDAC1 to assemble an epigenetic regulatory complex, thus inducing histone deacetylation in ZEB1 promoter and chromatin remodeling to achieve transcriptional repression. Furthermore, downregulation of ZEB1 by LMO2 complex results in an increased leukaemia stem cell (LSC) phenotype as well as unsensitivity in response to methotrexate (MTX) chemotherapy in T-ALL cells. Importantly, we demonstrated that Trichostatin A (TSA, a HDAC inhibitor) addition significantly attenuates MTX unsensitivity caused by dysfunction of LMO2/ZEB1 signaling. In conclusion, these findings have identified a molecular mechanism underlying LMO2/ZEB1-mediated leukaemogenesis, paving a way for treating T-ALL with a new strategy of epigenetic inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jianjun Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Chenchen Tian
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Wen Shi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Huimin Jiang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Hang Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Quansheng Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Peiqing Sun
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Rong Xiang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Shuang Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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34
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Liu Y, Wang Z, Huang D, Wu C, Li H, Zhang X, Meng B, Li Z, Zhu T, Yang S, Sun W. LMO2 promotes tumor cell invasion and metastasis in basal-type breast cancer by altering actin cytoskeleton remodeling. Oncotarget 2018; 8:9513-9524. [PMID: 27880729 PMCID: PMC5354749 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
LMO2 is traditionally recognized as a pivotal transcriptional regulator during embryonic hematopoiesis and angionenesis, and its ectopic expression in T lymphocyte progenitors is closely correlated to the onset of acute T lymphocytic leukemia. However, recently studies revealed complicated expression features and dual functions of LMO2 on tumor behaviors in a variety of cancer types, including breast cancers. Basal-type breast cancer is one of the breast cancer subtypes and a prognostically unfavorable subtype among all breast cancers. Herein we found that in basal-type breast cancer specifically, high LMO2 expression was positively correlated with lymph node metastases in patients, promoted tumor cell migration and invasion and increased distant metastasis in SCID mice. Moreover, the novel function of LMO2 was achieved by its predominantly cytoplasmic location and interaction with cofilin1, which is a critical regulator in actin cytoskeleton dynamics. These findings suggest a subtype-dependent role of LMO2 in breast cancers and the potential of LMO2 as a subtype-specific biomarker for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics in School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhaoyang Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics in School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Di Huang
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics in School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics in School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Huihui Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics in School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology in School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Meng
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zongjin Li
- Laboratory of Stem cells in School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tianhui Zhu
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics in School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuang Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics in School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics in School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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35
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Liu Y, Yuan M, Wu C, Zhu T, Sun W. A comprehensive function analysis of LMO2 in different breast cancer subtypes. Oncotarget 2018; 9:8911-8926. [PMID: 29507663 PMCID: PMC5823636 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common invasive cancer in women worldwide, and can be subdivided into Luminal A, Luminal B, Her2, and Basal subtype (the PAM50 subtyping system). The lmo2 gene was traditionally recognized as a proto-oncogene in hematopoietic system but its functions in breast cancers remained largely unclear. Based on the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) breast cancer dataset, herein we found that the significantly LMO2-correlated genes in normal or malignant samples were enriched in rather divergent cellular pathways, suggesting the function complexity of LMO2 in breast tissues. Moreover, high LMO2 expression level was found to predict a shorter patient survival in Luminal A type whereas a better outcome in Her2 type. Correspondingly, LMO2 also revealed function diversities in different PAM50 subtypes. In Luminal A type, the LMO2 related genes were primarily enriched in cancer-promoting pathways, including VEGF production, stemness, PPAR signal pathways, MAPK cascade and cell cycle regulation. In Her2 type however, the LMO2 related genes lacked the enrichment on most of the generally cancer-related pathways and were particularly enriched in negative regulation of ErbB pathway as well as MAPK cascade, suggesting a potentially anti-oncogenic role of LMO2 on this subtype. Taken together, this study drew a comprehensive overview of divergent functions of LMO2 on breast cancers, provided additional evidence for the function complexity of LMO2 in solid tumors and suggested the potential usage of LMO2 as a PAM50 subtype dependent biomarker for breast cancer clinic in the precision medicine era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Liu
- Reproductive Center, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Mei Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Beichen Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics in School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tianhui Zhu
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics in School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics in School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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36
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37
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Rossmann MP, Orkin SH, Chute JP. Hematopoietic Stem Cell Biology. Hematology 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-35762-3.00009-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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38
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Beisaw A, Tsaytler P, Koch F, Schmitz SU, Melissari MT, Senft AD, Wittler L, Pennimpede T, Macura K, Herrmann BG, Grote P. BRACHYURY directs histone acetylation to target loci during mesoderm development. EMBO Rep 2017; 19:118-134. [PMID: 29141987 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201744201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
T-box transcription factors play essential roles in multiple aspects of vertebrate development. Here, we show that cooperative function of BRACHYURY (T) with histone-modifying enzymes is essential for mouse embryogenesis. A single point mutation (TY88A) results in decreased histone 3 lysine 27 acetylation (H3K27ac) at T target sites, including the T locus, suggesting that T autoregulates the maintenance of its expression and functions by recruiting permissive chromatin modifications to putative enhancers during mesoderm specification. Our data indicate that T mediates H3K27ac recruitment through a physical interaction with p300. In addition, we determine that T plays a prominent role in the specification of hematopoietic and endothelial cell types. Hematopoietic and endothelial gene expression programs are disrupted in TY88A mutant embryos, leading to a defect in the differentiation of hematopoietic progenitors. We show that this role of T is mediated, at least in part, through activation of a distal Lmo2 enhancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arica Beisaw
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Pavel Tsaytler
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Frederic Koch
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sandra U Schmitz
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria-Theodora Melissari
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna D Senft
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lars Wittler
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tracie Pennimpede
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Karol Macura
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernhard G Herrmann
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany.,Institute for Medical Genetics, Charité-University Medicine Berlin Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Phillip Grote
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany .,Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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39
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Stanulovic VS, Cauchy P, Assi SA, Hoogenkamp M. LMO2 is required for TAL1 DNA binding activity and initiation of definitive haematopoiesis at the haemangioblast stage. Nucleic Acids Res 2017; 45:9874-9888. [PMID: 28973433 PMCID: PMC5622341 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkx573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
LMO2 is a bridging factor within a DNA binding complex and is required for definitive haematopoiesis to occur. The developmental stage of the block in haematopoietic specification is not known. We show that Lmo2−/− mouse embryonic stem cells differentiated to Flk-1+ haemangioblasts, but less efficiently to haemogenic endothelium, which only produced primitive haematopoietic progenitors. Genome-wide approaches indicated that LMO2 is required at the haemangioblast stage to position the TAL1/LMO2/LDB1 complex to regulatory elements that are important for the establishment of the haematopoietic developmental program. In the absence of LMO2, the target site recognition of TAL1 is impaired. The lack of LMO2 resulted in altered gene expression levels already at the haemangioblast stage, with transcription factor genes accounting for ∼15% of affected genes. Comparison of Lmo2−/− with Tal1−/− Flk-1+ cells further showed that TAL1 was required to initiate or sustain Lmo2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesna S Stanulovic
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Pierre Cauchy
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Salam A Assi
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Maarten Hoogenkamp
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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40
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Ganta VC, Annex BH. LMO2 (LIM Domain Only 2) and Endothelial Cell Migration in Developmental and Postnatal Angiogenesis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017; 37:1806-1808. [PMID: 28954807 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.309953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Chaitanya Ganta
- From the Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (V.C.G., B.H.A.) and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (B.H.A.), University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville
| | - Brian H Annex
- From the Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (V.C.G., B.H.A.) and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (B.H.A.), University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville.
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41
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Tan SH, Bertulfo FC, Sanda T. Leukemia-Initiating Cells in T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Front Oncol 2017; 7:218. [PMID: 29034206 PMCID: PMC5627022 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a hematological malignancy characterized by the clonal proliferation of immature T-cell precursors. T-ALL has many similar pathophysiological features to acute myeloid leukemia, which has been extensively studied in the establishment of the cancer stem cell (CSC) theory, but the CSC concept in T-ALL is still debatable. Although leukemia-initiating cells (LICs), which can generate leukemia in a xenograft setting, have been found in both human T-ALL patients and animal models, the nature and origin of LICs are largely unknown. In this review, we discuss recent studies on LICs in T-ALL and the potential mechanisms of LIC emergence in this disease. We focus on the oncogenic transcription factors TAL1, LMO2, and NOTCH1 and highlight the significance of the transcriptional regulatory programs in normal hematopoietic stem cells and T-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Hao Tan
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fatima Carla Bertulfo
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Takaomi Sanda
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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42
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Matrone G, Meng S, Gu Q, Lv J, Fang L, Chen K, Cooke JP. Lmo2 (LIM-Domain-Only 2) Modulates Sphk1 (Sphingosine Kinase) and Promotes Endothelial Cell Migration. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017; 37:1860-1868. [PMID: 28775072 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.309609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lmo (LIM-domain-only)2 transcription factor is involved in hematopoiesis and vascular remodeling. Sphk (sphingosine kinase)1 phosphorylates sphingosine to S1P (sphingosine-1-phosphate). We hypothesized that Lmo2 regulates Sphk1 to promote endothelial cell (EC) migration and vascular development. APPROACH AND RESULTS: Lmo2 and Sphk1 knockdown (KD) were performed in Tg(fli1:EGFP) y1 zebrafish and in human umbilical vein EC. Rescue of phenotypes or overexpression of these factors were achieved using mRNA encoding Lmo2 or Sphk1. EC proliferation in vivo was assessed by BrdU (bromodeoxyuridine) immunostaining and fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis of dissociated Tg(fli1:EGFP) y1 embryos. Cell migration was assessed by scratch assay in human umbilical vein EC and mouse aortic rings. Lmo2 interactions with Sphk1 promoter were assessed by ChIP-PCR (chromatin immunoprecipitation-polymerase chain reaction). Lmo2 or Sphk1 KD reduced number and length of intersegmental vessels. There was no reduction in the numbers of GFP+ (green fluorescent protein) ECs after Lmo2 KD. However, reduced numbers of BrdU+GFP+ nuclei were observed along the dysmorphic intersegmental vessels, accumulating instead at the sprouting origin of the intersegmental vessels. This anomaly was likely because of impaired EC migration, which was confirmed in migration assays using Lmo2 KD human umbilical vein ECs and mouse aortic rings. Both in vivo and in vitro, Lmo2 KD reduced Sphk1 gene expression, associated with less Lmo2 binding to the Sphk1 promoter as assessed by ChIP-PCR. Sphk1 mRNA rescued the Lmo2 KD phenotype. CONCLUSIONS Our data showed that Lmo2 is necessary for Sphk1 gene expression in ECs. Lmo2 KD reduced Lmo2-Sphk1 gene interaction, impaired intersegmental vessels formation, and reduced cell migration. We identified for the first time Sphk1 as downstream effector of Lmo2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianfranco Matrone
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, TX
| | - Shu Meng
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, TX
| | - Qilin Gu
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, TX
| | - Jie Lv
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, TX
| | - Longhou Fang
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, TX
| | - Kaifu Chen
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, TX
| | - John P Cooke
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, TX.
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Zhang J, Shen D, Jia M, Zhao H, Tang Y. The targeting effect of Hm2E8b-NCTD-liposomes on B-lineage leukaemia stem cells is associated with the HLF-SLUG axis. J Drug Target 2017. [PMID: 28627280 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2017.1339193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
To identify an agent with specific activity against B-lineage leukaemia stem cells (B-LSCs), we generated norcantharidin (NCTD)-encapsulated liposomes modified with a novel humanised anti-human CD19 monoclonal antibody, Hm2E8b (Hm2E8b-NCTD-liposomes). These liposomes were specially designed to recognise and kill B-LSCs in vitro, and to decrease non-specific cytotoxicity to untargeted cells. Hm2E8b-NCTD-liposomes selectively ablated B-LSCs through targeting hepatic leukaemia factor (HLF), which is implicated in haematopoietic stem cell regulation and is overexpressed in LSCs. Hm2E8b-NCTD-liposomes decreased HLF protein levels and induced apoptosis in the HAL-01 cell line harbouring the oncoprotein E2A-HLF. This resulted in modulation of the expression of several molecules that govern survival pathways, including HLF, SLUG, NFIL3 and C-Myc, thereby causing the induction of p53 and the mitochondrial caspase cascade. Therefore, the potent in vitro effect of Hm2E8b-NCTD-liposomes on B-LSC activity and survival pathways have the potential to be exploited clinically with appropriate drug combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingying Zhang
- a Division of Haematology-Oncology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Neonatal Diseases, Children's Hospital , Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , PR China
| | - Diying Shen
- a Division of Haematology-Oncology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Neonatal Diseases, Children's Hospital , Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , PR China
| | - Min Jia
- a Division of Haematology-Oncology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Neonatal Diseases, Children's Hospital , Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , PR China
| | - Haizhao Zhao
- a Division of Haematology-Oncology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Neonatal Diseases, Children's Hospital , Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , PR China
| | - Yongmin Tang
- a Division of Haematology-Oncology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Neonatal Diseases, Children's Hospital , Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , PR China
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Sun KT, Huang YN, Palanisamy K, Chang SS, Wang IK, Wu KH, Chen P, Peng CT, Li CY. Reciprocal regulation of γ-globin expression by exo-miRNAs: Relevance to γ-globin silencing in β-thalassemia major. Sci Rep 2017; 7:202. [PMID: 28303002 PMCID: PMC5427890 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00150-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Induction of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) is a promising strategy in the treatment of β-thalassemia major (β-TM). The present study shows that plasma exosomal miRNAs (exo-miRs) are involved in γ-globin regulation. Exosomes shuttle miRNAs and mediate cell-cell communication. MiRNAs are regulators of biological processes through post-transcriptional targeting. Compared to HD (Healthy Donor), β-TM patients showed increased levels of plasma exosomes and the majority of exosomes had cellular origin from CD34+ cells. Further, HD and β-TM exosomes showed differential miRNA expressions. Among them, deregulated miR-223-3p and miR-138-5p in β-TM exosomes and HD had specific targets for γ-globin regulator and repressor respectively. Functional studies in K562 cells showed that HD exosomes and miR-138-5p regulated γ-globin expression by targeting BCL11A. β-TM exosomes and miR-223-3p down regulated γ-globin expression through LMO2 targeting. Importantly, miR-223-3p targeting through sponge repression resulted in γ-globin activation. Further, hnRNPA1 bound to stem-loop structure of pre-miR-223 and we found that hnRNPA1 knockdown or mutagenesis at miR-223-3p stem-loop sequence resulted in less mature exo-miR-223-3p levels. Altogether, the study shows for the first time on the important clinical evidence that differentially expressed exo-miRNAs reciprocally control γ-globin expressions. Further, the hnRNPA1-exo-miR-223-LMO2 axis may be critical to γ-globin silencing in β-TM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Ting Sun
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Nan Huang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Hematology-oncology, Children's Hospital of China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Kalaiselvi Palanisamy
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Sheng Chang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - I-Kuan Wang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Kang-Hsi Wu
- Department of Hematology-oncology, Children's Hospital of China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Ping Chen
- Thalassemia Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, China
| | - Ching-Tien Peng
- Department of Hematology-oncology, Children's Hospital of China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Yuan Li
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
- Department of Anesthesiology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
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45
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Essential roles for Cdx in murine primitive hematopoiesis. Dev Biol 2017; 422:115-124. [PMID: 28065741 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The Cdx transcription factors play essential roles in primitive hematopoiesis in the zebrafish where they exert their effects, in part, through regulation of hox genes. Defects in hematopoiesis have also been reported in Cdx mutant murine embryonic stem cell models, however, to date no mouse model reflecting the zebrafish Cdx mutant hematopoietic phenotype has been described. This is likely due, in part, to functional redundancy among Cdx members and the early lethality of Cdx2 null mutants. To circumvent these limitations, we used Cre-mediated conditional deletion to assess the impact of concomitant loss of Cdx1 and Cdx2 on murine primitive hematopoiesis. We found that Cdx1/Cdx2 double mutants exhibited defects in primitive hematopoiesis and yolk sac vasculature concomitant with reduced expression of several genes encoding hematopoietic transcription factors including Scl/Tal1. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis revealed that Scl was occupied by Cdx2 in vivo, and Cdx mutant hematopoietic yolk sac differentiation defects could be rescued by expression of exogenous Scl. These findings demonstrate critical roles for Cdx members in murine primitive hematopoiesis upstream of Scl.
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46
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Palis J. Hematopoietic stem cell-independent hematopoiesis: emergence of erythroid, megakaryocyte, and myeloid potential in the mammalian embryo. FEBS Lett 2016; 590:3965-3974. [PMID: 27790707 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Steady-state production of all circulating blood cells in the adult ultimately depends on hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which first arise in small numbers beginning at embryonic day (E) 10.5 in large arterial vessels of the murine embryo. However, blood cell synthesis first begins in the yolk sac beginning at E7.25 and consists of two waves of hematopoietic progenitors. The first wave consists of primitive erythroid, megakaryocyte, and macrophage progenitors that rapidly give rise to maturing blood cells of all three lineages. This 'primitive' wave of progenitors is followed by a partially overlapping wave of 'erythro-myeloid progenitors', which contain definitive erythroid, megakaryocyte, macrophage, neutrophil, and mast cell progenitors that seed the fetal liver and jump-start hematopoiesis before the engraftment and expansion of HSCs. These two waves of progenitors that arise in the yolk sac are necessary and even sufficient to sustain the survival of the mouse embryo until birth in the absence of HSCs. They provide key signals to support HSC emergence. Finally, HSC-independent hematopoiesis also provides long-lived tissue-resident macrophage populations that function in multiple adult organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Palis
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Pediatric Biomedical Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY, USA
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47
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Liu Y, Huang D, Wang Z, Wu C, Zhang Z, Wang D, Li Z, Zhu T, Yang S, Sun W. LMO2 attenuates tumor growth by targeting the Wnt signaling pathway in breast and colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36050. [PMID: 27779255 PMCID: PMC5078767 DOI: 10.1038/srep36050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The proto-oncogene LIM-domain only 2 (lmo2) was traditionally considered to be a pivotal transcriptional regulator in hematopoiesis and leukemia. Recently, the cytosolic localization of LMO2 was revealed in multiple epithelial tissues and a variety of solid tumors. However, the function of LMO2 in these epithelia and solid tumors remains largely unclear. The Wnt signaling pathway is a crucial determinant of development, and abnormalities in several key segments of this pathway contribute to oncogenesis. The current study demonstrated that LMO2 participates in the regulation of canonical Wnt signaling in the cytoplasm by binding to Dishevelled-1/2 (DVL-1/2) proteins. These interactions occurred at the PDZ domain of Dishevelled, and LMO2 subsequently attenuated the activation of the key factor β-catenin in the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. Meanwhile, significantly decreased expression of LMO2 was detected in breast and colorectal cancers, and the downregulation of LMO2 in these cells increased cell proliferation and reduced apoptosis. Taken together, the data in this study revealed a novel crosstalk between LMO2 and the Wnt signaling pathway during tumorigenesis and suggested that LMO2 might be a tumor suppressor in certain solid tumors, in contrast to its traditional oncogenic role in the hematopoietic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics in School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Di Huang
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics in School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhaoyang Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics in School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics in School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Department of Anorectal, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zongjin Li
- Laboratory of Stem cells in School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tianhui Zhu
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics in School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuang Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics in School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics in School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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48
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Robertson NO, Shah M, Matthews JM. A Quantitative Fluorescence-Based Assay for Assessing LIM Domain-Peptide Interactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201605964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neil O. Robertson
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences; The University of Sydney; NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Manan Shah
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences; The University of Sydney; NSW 2006 Australia
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49
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Robertson NO, Shah M, Matthews JM. A Quantitative Fluorescence-Based Assay for Assessing LIM Domain-Peptide Interactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:13236-13239. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201605964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Neil O. Robertson
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences; The University of Sydney; NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Manan Shah
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences; The University of Sydney; NSW 2006 Australia
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50
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Mao B, Huang S, Lu X, Sun W, Zhou Y, Pan X, Yu J, Lai M, Chen B, Zhou Q, Mao S, Bian G, Zhou J, Nakahata T, Ma F. Early Development of Definitive Erythroblasts from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells Defined by Expression of Glycophorin A/CD235a, CD34, and CD36. Stem Cell Reports 2016; 7:869-883. [PMID: 27720903 PMCID: PMC5106477 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of human erythroid cells has been mostly examined in models of adult hematopoiesis, while their early derivation during embryonic and fetal stages is largely unknown. We observed the development and maturation of erythroblasts derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) by an efficient co-culture system. These hPSC-derived early erythroblasts initially showed definitive characteristics with a glycophorin A+ (GPA+) CD34lowCD36− phenotype and were distinct from adult CD34+ cell-derived ones. After losing CD34 expression, early GPA+CD36− erythroblasts matured into GPA+CD36low/+ stage as the latter expressed higher levels of β-globin along with a gradual loss of mesodermal and endothelial properties, and terminally suppressed CD36. We establish a unique in vitro model to trace the early development of hPSC-derived erythroblasts by serial expression of CD34, GPA, and CD36. Our findings may provide insight into the understanding of human early erythropoiesis and, ultimately, therapeutic potential. The hPSC/AGM-S3 co-culture system generates considerable definitive erythroblasts hPSC-derived erythroblasts initiate from a unique GPA+CD34lowCD36− fraction Human early erythropoiesis can be traced by serial expression of CD34, GPA, and CD36
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Mao
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu 610052, China
| | - Shu Huang
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu 610052, China
| | - Xulin Lu
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu 610052, China
| | - Wencui Sun
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu 610052, China
| | - Ya Zhou
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu 610052, China
| | - Xu Pan
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu 610052, China
| | - Jinfeng Yu
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu 610052, China
| | - Mowen Lai
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu 610052, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu 610052, China
| | - Qiongxiu Zhou
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu 610052, China
| | - Song Mao
- Research Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Sichuan Neo-life Stem Cell Biotech Inc., Chengdu 610036, China
| | - Guohui Bian
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu 610052, China
| | - Jiaxi Zhou
- State Key Lab of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, CAMS & PUMC, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Tatsutoshi Nakahata
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Feng Ma
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu 610052, China; State Key Lab of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, CAMS & PUMC, Tianjin 300020, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
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