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Elebo N, Mpinganjira MG, Baichan P, Devar J, Omoshoro-Jones J, Francis JM, Smith M, Nweke EE. The need for research targeting the link between occupational carcinogens and hepatopancreatobiliary cancers in Africa: A systematic review. Transl Oncol 2024; 47:102036. [PMID: 38878612 PMCID: PMC11225925 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.102036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hepatopancreatobiliary (HPB) cancers encompassing malignancies of the liver, pancreas, gall bladder, and bile ducts pose a significant health burden in Africa. While the association of certain occupational carcinogens in cancer is well established globally, their potential role in HPB cancers remains understudied, especially in an African context. AIM This systematic review delves into the association between occupational carcinogens and HPB cancer in Africa. It examines the current state of research on occupational carcinogens and HPB cancers in Africa, identifying key challenges and knowledge gaps. METHODS This systematic review examined publications (published between 01 January 2012 and 31 May 2023) that highlight occupational carcinogens and HBP cancers in Africa. The search was conducted on electronic databases namely PubMed, Web of Science, and Africa Wide Information. RESULT Due to the lack of information on the association between occupational carcinogens and HPB cancers in Africa, as a result of the paucity of published studies, only four articles were included in this study. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was the predominant cancer associated with the occupational carcinogen, aflatoxin. Agricultural workers, especially those involved in the production and processing of maize and peanuts, appear to be the most exposed to aflatoxin. CONCLUSION Despite the sample size limitations due to the paucity of research studies on occupational carcinogens and HPB cancers in Africa, this study provides a reasonable tool for subsequent epidemiological studies. There is a need for more research on the association of occupational carcinogens and HPB cancers in Africa, especially with the growing industrialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nnenna Elebo
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand. Johannesburg 2193, Gauteng, South Africa; International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Anzio Road, Observatory 7925, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mafuno Grace Mpinganjira
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand. Johannesburg 2193, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - Pavan Baichan
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand. Johannesburg 2193, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - John Devar
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand. Johannesburg 2193, Gauteng, South Africa; Hepatopancreatobiliary unit, Department of Surgery, Chris Hani-Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Soweto Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Jones Omoshoro-Jones
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand. Johannesburg 2193, Gauteng, South Africa; Hepatopancreatobiliary unit, Department of Surgery, Chris Hani-Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Soweto Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Joel Msafiri Francis
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand. Johannesburg 2193, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - Martin Smith
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand. Johannesburg 2193, Gauteng, South Africa; Hepatopancreatobiliary unit, Department of Surgery, Chris Hani-Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Soweto Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Ekene Emmanuel Nweke
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand. Johannesburg 2193, Gauteng, South Africa; Department of Life and Consumer Sciences, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Florida, Roodepoort, South Africa.
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Papp DA, Kocsubé S, Farkas Z, Szekeres A, Vágvölgyi C, Hamari Z, Varga M. Aflatoxin B1 Control by Various Pseudomonas Isolates. Toxins (Basel) 2024; 16:367. [PMID: 39195777 PMCID: PMC11358996 DOI: 10.3390/toxins16080367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The climate-change-coupled fungal burden in crop management and the need to reduce chemical pesticide usage highlight the importance of finding sustainable ways to control Aspergillus flavus. This study examines the effectiveness of 50 Pseudomonas isolates obtained from corn rhizospheres against A. flavus in both solid and liquid co-cultures. The presence and quantity of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and AFB1-related compounds were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry analysis. Various enzymatic- or non-enzymatic mechanisms are proposed to interpret the decrease in AFB1 production, accompanied by the accumulation of biosynthetic intermediates (11-hydroxy-O-methylsterigmatocystin, aspertoxin, 11-hydroxyaspertoxin) or degradation products (the compounds C16H10O6, C16H14O5, C18H16O7, and C19H16O8). Our finding implies the upregulation or enhanced activity of fungal oxidoreductases and laccases in response to bacterial bioactive compound(s). Furthermore, non-enzymatic reactions resulted in the formation of additional degradation products due to acid accumulation in the fermented broth. Three isolates completely inhibited AFB1 or any AFB1-related compounds without significantly affecting fungal growth. These bacterial isolates supposedly block the entire pathway for AFB1 production in the fungus during interaction. Apart from identifying effective Pseudomonas isolates as potential biocontrol agents, this work lays the foundation for exploring new bacterial bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dóra Anna Papp
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Sándor Kocsubé
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
- HCEMM-USZ Functional Cell Biology and Immunology Advanced Core Facility, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Farkas
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - András Szekeres
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Csaba Vágvölgyi
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Hamari
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Mónika Varga
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
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Kojima Y, Fujieda S, Zhou L, Takikawa M, Kuramochi K, Furuya T, Mizumoto A, Kagaya N, Kawahara T, Shin-Ya K, Dan S, Tomida A, Ishikawa F, Sadaie M. Cytochrome P450 2J2 is required for the natural compound austocystin D to elicit cancer cell toxicity. Cancer Sci 2024. [PMID: 39009033 DOI: 10.1111/cas.16289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Austocystin D is a natural compound that induces cytochrome P450 (CYP) monooxygenase-dependent DNA damage and growth inhibition in certain cancer cell lines. Cancer cells exhibiting higher sensitivity to austocystin D often display elevated CYP2J2 expression. However, the essentiality and the role of CYP2J2 for the cytotoxicity of this compound remain unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that CYP2J2 depletion alleviates austocystin D sensitivity and DNA damage induction, while CYP2J2 overexpression enhances them. Moreover, the investigation into genes involved in austocystin D cytotoxicity identified POR and PGRMC1, positive regulators for CYP activity, and KAT7, a histone acetyltransferase. Through genetic manipulation and analysis of multiomics data, we elucidated a role for KAT7 in CYP2J2 transcriptional regulation. These findings strongly suggest that CYP2J2 is crucial for austocystin D metabolism and its subsequent cytotoxic effects. The potential use of austocystin D as a therapeutic prodrug is underscored, particularly in cancers where elevated CYP2J2 expression serves as a biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Kojima
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, Japan
| | - Saki Fujieda
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, Japan
| | - Liya Zhou
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masahiro Takikawa
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kouji Kuramochi
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshiki Furuya
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ayaka Mizumoto
- Department of Gene Mechanisms, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Noritaka Kagaya
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Teppei Kawahara
- Japan Biological Informatics Consortium (JBIC), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuo Shin-Ya
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shingo Dan
- Cancer Chemotherapy Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research (JFCR), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiro Tomida
- Cancer Chemotherapy Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research (JFCR), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fuyuki Ishikawa
- Department of Gene Mechanisms, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mahito Sadaie
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Gene Mechanisms, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Liu S, Wei S, Wei L, Zhu X, Ding K, Liu Y. Protective effect of selenomethionine on rabbit testicular injury induced by Aflatoxin B1. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 927:171973. [PMID: 38547995 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the alleviating effect of selenomethionine (SeMet) on aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-induced testicular injury in rabbits. Twenty-five 90-d-old rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups (the control group, the AFB1 group, the 0.2 mg/kg SeMet + AFB1 group, the 0.4 mg/kg SeMet + AFB1 group and the 0.6 mg/kg SeMet + AFB1 group). After 1 d of the experiment, the SeMet-treated groups were fed 0.2 mg/kg SeMet, 0.4 mg/kg SeMet, or 0.6 mg/kg SeMet daily, and the remaining two groups were fed a normal diet for 30 d. On Day 31, all rabbits in the model group and the three treatment groups were fed 0.5 mg/kg AFB1 for 21 d. The levels of testosterone (T), luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) in rabbit plasma were detected. Rabbit semen was collected, and its quality was evaluated. Pathological changes in rabbit testes were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The expression of related proteins in testicular tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and western blot (WB) analysis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were used to detect oxidative stress-related indices and inflammatory factors in testicular tissue. The results showed that AFB1 can induce oxidative stress and inflammation to activate the p38/MSK/NF-κB signalling pathway, mediate apoptosis, inhibit the proliferation and differentiation of testicular cells, destroy the integrity of the blood-testis barrier (BTB) and the normal structure of the testis, and reduce the content of sex hormones and semen quality. SeMet pretreatment significantly alleviated testicular injury oxidative stress, and the inflammatory response in rabbits. Thus, we demonstrated that SeMet restores AFB1-induced testicular toxicity by inhibiting the p38/MSK/NF-κB signalling pathway. In addition, in this study, 0.4 mg/kg SeMet had the most impactful effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhikai Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Ziqiang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Shiyang Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Shixiao Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Lan Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Xuemin Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Ke Ding
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Yumei Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China.
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Maguey-González JA, Nava-Ramírez MDJ, Gómez-Rosales S, Ángeles MDL, Solís-Cruz B, Hernández-Patlán D, Merino-Guzmán R, Hernandez-Velasco X, Hernández-Ramírez JO, Loeza I, Senas-Cuesta R, Latorre JD, Vázquez-Durán A, Du X, Méndez-Albores A, Hargis BM, Téllez-Isaías G. Evaluation of the efficacy of humic acids to counteract the toxic effects of aflatoxin B1 in turkey poults. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1276754. [PMID: 37881447 PMCID: PMC10594991 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1276754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of humic acid (HA) from worm compost as an adsorbent for aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in turkey poults. The experiment involved the inclusion of 0.25% (w/w) HA in the diet of turkey poults consuming aflatoxin-contaminated feed (250 ng AFB1/g). A total of 350 1-day-old female Nicholas-700 turkey poults were randomly allocated to five equal groups: negative control (basal diet); positive control (basal diet + 250 ng AFB1/g; HA (basal diet + 0.25% HA); HA + AFB1 (basal diet + HA + 250 ng AFB1/g); and zeolite + AFB1 (basal diet + 0.25% zeolite + 250 ng AFB1/g). Each group had seven replicates of 10 poults (n = 70). The impact of HA addition was evaluated in terms of performance parameters, relative organ weights, liver histological lesions, and serum biochemical and hematological constituents. In general, the addition of HA improved body weight (BW), body weight gain (BWG), and feed conversion rate (FCR). Furthermore, HA effectively mitigated the toxic effects caused by AFB1 in the majority of the analyzed variables. The results indicated that HA effectively counteracted the AFB1-induced toxic effects in turkey poults. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that HA is capable of removing AFB1 from the contaminated diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Adonai Maguey-González
- Posgrado en Ciencias de la Producción y de la Salud Animal, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Unidad de Posgrado, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, México
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - María de Jesús Nava-Ramírez
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria L14 (Alimentos, Micotoxinas, y Micotoxicosis), Facultad de Estudios Superiores (FES) Cuautitlán, UNAM, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México, México
| | - Sergio Gómez-Rosales
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Fisiología y Mejoramiento Animal (CENID-INIFAP), Km1 Carretera a Colon Ajuchitlán, Querétaro, México
| | - María de Lourdes Ángeles
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Fisiología y Mejoramiento Animal (CENID-INIFAP), Km1 Carretera a Colon Ajuchitlán, Querétaro, México
| | - Bruno Solís-Cruz
- Laboratorio 5: LEDEFAR, Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria, FES Cuautitlán, UNAM, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México, México
- División de Ingeniería en Nanotecnología, Universidad Politécnica del Valle de México, Tultitlan, México
| | - Daniel Hernández-Patlán
- Laboratorio 5: LEDEFAR, Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria, FES Cuautitlán, UNAM, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México, México
- División de Ingeniería en Nanotecnología, Universidad Politécnica del Valle de México, Tultitlan, México
| | - Rubén Merino-Guzmán
- Departamento de Medicina y Zootecnia de Aves, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, UNAM, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Xochitl Hernandez-Velasco
- Departamento de Medicina y Zootecnia de Aves, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, UNAM, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Juan Omar Hernández-Ramírez
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria L14 (Alimentos, Micotoxinas, y Micotoxicosis), Facultad de Estudios Superiores (FES) Cuautitlán, UNAM, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México, México
| | - Ileana Loeza
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Roberto Senas-Cuesta
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Juan D. Latorre
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Alma Vázquez-Durán
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria L14 (Alimentos, Micotoxinas, y Micotoxicosis), Facultad de Estudios Superiores (FES) Cuautitlán, UNAM, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México, México
| | - Xiangwei Du
- Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Abraham Méndez-Albores
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria L14 (Alimentos, Micotoxinas, y Micotoxicosis), Facultad de Estudios Superiores (FES) Cuautitlán, UNAM, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México, México
| | - Billy M. Hargis
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
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Liu R, Ding Y, Li W, Li S, Li X, Zhao D, Zhang Y, Wei G, Zhang X. Protective role of curcumin on broiler liver by modulating aflatoxin B1-induced DNA methylation and CYPs expression. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 260:115086. [PMID: 37269612 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of epigenetic DNA methylation and CYPs expression in AFB1-exposed broiler liver and the protective effect of curcumin. Sixty-four one-day-old AA broilers were randomly divided into four groups, including control group, AFB1 group (1 mg/kg AFB1), curcumin + AFB1 group (1 mg/kg curcumin) and curcumin group (300 mg/kg curcumin). Histological observation, CYP450 enzyme activities, the expression levels of DNA methyltransferases and CYP450 enzymes, and the overall DNA methylation level in broiler liver were investigated. Dietary AFB1 was found to induce severe liver injury in broilers, upregulate the mRNA and protein expression of CYP450 enzymes (CYP1A1, CYP1A2 and CYP3A4) and the enzyme activities of CYP1A2 and CYP3A4. According to HPLC, qPCR and western blot analyses, the overall DNA methylation level and the mRNA and protein expression of DNA methyltransferases (DNMT1, DNMT3a and DNMT3b) in the liver were significantly increased after AFB1 exposure. Importantly, the Pearson test and correlation analysis data revealed that the overall DNA methylation level of broiler liver was positively correlated with DNMTs, while CYP1A1, CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 were negatively correlated. Surprisingly, curcumin supplementation strongly ameliorated AFB1-induced hepatotoxicity by restoring the histological changes, decreasing the expression and enzymatic activity of liver CYP450 enzymes (CYP1A1, CYP1A2, and CYP3A4), and increasing the overall DNA methylation level and the expression of DNMTs. Taken together, we concluded that curcumin could protect against AFB1-induced liver injury by mediating the effects of DNA methylation and CYPs expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruimeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control, College of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yixin Ding
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Weina Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control, College of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Sihong Li
- Animal Genome Engineering Research Team, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Xiaoting Li
- School of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China
| | - Dongmei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control, College of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yixin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control, College of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Gaoqiang Wei
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control, College of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiuying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control, College of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
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Hussen Kabthymer R, Gebremeskel Kanno G, Aregu MB, Paixão S, Belachew T. Prevalence and concentration of Aflatoxin M1 in human breast milk in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis, and cancer risk assessment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2023; 33:491-507. [PMID: 35168414 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2022.2036330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the prevalence, concentration of AFM1 in human breast milk, and to determine the risk of cancer for infants in sub-Saharan Africa. A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed, CINAHL, Web of science, global health, Cochrane, and Google Scholar electronic databases. A random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence and concentration of AFM1 in breast milk. The meta-analysis of 8 articles containing 9 studies showed the pooled prevalence of AFM1 in breast milk to be 56.18% (95% CI: 29.65-82.71) and the pooled concentration to be 31.12 ng/L (95% CI: 25.97-36.25). The cancer risk assessment indicated for both male and female 1-month infants in Sierra Leone (HI > 1) is high, and all the rest of the infants are free of risk (HI < 1). The pooled prevalence and mean concentration of AFM1 in breast milk is high. Monitoring of AFB1 concentration of commonly used foods will be of high value in reducing the burden of AFM1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Susana Paixão
- Department of Environmental Health, Coimbra Health School, Polytechnic of Coimbra, Portugal
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Kim JH. Determination of safe levels and toxic levels for feed hazardous materials in broiler chickens: a review. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2023; 65:490-510. [PMID: 37332288 PMCID: PMC10271926 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2023.e26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Feed safety is needed to produce and provide safe animal feeds for consumers, animals, and the environment. Although feed safety regulations have been set for each country, there is a lack of clear feed safety regulations for each livestock. Feed safety regulations are mainly focused on heavy metals, mycotoxins, and pesticides. Each country has different safe levels of hazardous materials in diets. Safe levels of hazardous materials in diets are mostly set for mixed diets of general livestock. Although there is a difference in the metabolism of toxic materials among animals, the safe level of feed is not specific for individual animals. Therefore, standardized animal testing methods and toxicity studies for each animal are needed to determine the correct safe and toxic levels of hazardous materials in diets. If this goal is achieved, it will be possible to improve livestock productivity, health, and product safety by establishing appropriate feed safety regulations. It will also provide an opportunity to secure consumer confidence in feed and livestock products. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a scientific feed safety evaluation system suitable for each country's environment. The chance of outbreaks of new hazardous materials is increasing. Thus, to set up appropriate toxic levels or safe levels in feed, various toxicity methods have been used to determine toxic levels of hazardous materials for humans and animals. Appropriate toxic testing methods should be developed and used to accurately set up and identify toxicity and safe levels in food and feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Hyuk Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
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9
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A doxycycline-inducible CYP3A4-Caco-2 cell line as a model for evaluating safety of aflatoxin B1 in the human intestine. Toxicol Lett 2022; 370:1-6. [PMID: 36100150 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Exposure of humans to aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) via ingestion of contaminated agricultural products is a major concern for human health throughout the world because epoxidized AFB1, biotransformed from AFB1 by hepatic CYP3A4, is strongly hepatotoxic and hepatocarcinogenic. Intestinal epithelial cells serve as a physical and physiological barrier against xenobiotics via their intercellular tight junction (TJ) seals and the metabolizing enzyme CYP3A4. However, the effect of AFB1 on the intestinal barrier remains unclear. Here, we investigated the influence of AFB1 on these physical and physiological intestinal barriers by means of an in vitro human intestinal model utilizing doxycycline-inducible CYP3A4-expressing Caco-2 cells, in which CYP3A4 activity is comparable to that in the adult human intestine. Cellular toxicity of AFB1 in induced Caco-2 cells (i.e., cells in which expression of CYP3A4 is induced by doxycycline) was approximately 5 times that of uninduced Caco-2 cells. Exposure to 16 µM AFB1 did not decrease the transepithelial electric resistance (TEER; a measure of TJ barrier integrity) in monolayers of uninduced Caco-2 cells to 95.8 % of that in vehicle-treated cells; in contrast, in induced Caco-2 cells, TEER was reduced to 28.8 %. Exposure to 16 µM AFB1 increased paracellular permeation of 4- and 20-kDa dextrans (paracellular permeation markers) through monolayers of induced Caco-2 cells to 5.4 and 5.2 times that through uninduced Caco-2 cells. These results together show that ingested AFB1 can modulate the intestinal barrier, and that inducible CYP3A4-expressing Caco-2 cells are a promising tool for evaluating the safety of food contaminants in the human intestine.
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10
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Zhao D, Xie H, Gao L, Zhang J, Li Y, Mao G, Zhang H, Wang F, Lam SS, Song A. Detoxication and bioconversion of aflatoxin B 1 by yellow mealworms (Tenebrio molitor): A sustainable approach for valuable larval protein production from contaminated grain. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 242:113935. [PMID: 35999758 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) is a supplementary protein source for food and feed and represents a promising solution to manage grain contaminated with Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). In this study, AFB1 present in different concentrations in wheat bran was treated and removed via bioconversion by yellow mealworm of different instars, with emphasis on the bioconversion performance and metabolism of AFB1. Upon application of wheat bran spiked with 100 μg/kg AFB1 to 5th-6th instar yellow mealworms, the conversion rate of AFB1 was up to 87.85 %. Low level of AFB1 (< 2 μg/kg) was accumulated in the larval bodies, and the survival rate, development and nutrition contents of yellow mealworm were not significantly affected. It was revealed that 1 kg of wheat bran contaminated with AFB1 increased the weight of yellow mealworms from 138 g to 469 g, containing approximately 103 g of protein. The bioconversion of AFB1 by yellow mealworms led to generation of 13 metabolites in the frass and 3 metabolites in the larvae. AFB1 was detoxicated and removed via phase I metabolism comprising reduction, dehydrogenation, hydration, demethylation, hydroxylation, decarbonylation and ketoreduction, followed by phase II metabolism involving conjugation of amino acid, glucoside and glutathione (GSH). The toxicity of AFB1 metabolites was deemed lower than that of AFB1 according to their structures. This study provides a sustainable approach and theoretical foundation on using yellow mealworms for cleaner grain contamination management and valuable larval protein production via bioconversion of food and feed contaminated by AFB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China
| | - Hui Xie
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering of Agricultural Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China
| | - Lei Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China
| | - Guotao Mao
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering of Agricultural Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China
| | - Hongsen Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering of Agricultural Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China
| | - Fengqin Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering of Agricultural Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- Pyrolysis Technology Research Group, Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India
| | - Andong Song
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering of Agricultural Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China.
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11
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Lin H, Gu J, Luo S, Gu Q, Cao X, Ge Y, Wang C, Yuan C, Wang H. DBU‐Catalyzed [3+2] Cycloaddition of Benzoaurones with 3‐Homoacyl Coumarins: Synthesis of Spiro[Benzofuranone‐Cyclopentane] Compounds. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202201599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huawei Lin
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Taian 271016 Shandong P. R. China
| | - Jing Gu
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Taian 271016 Shandong P. R. China
| | - Shan Luo
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Taian 271016 Shandong P. R. China
| | - Qilong Gu
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Taian 271016 Shandong P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqun Cao
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Taian 271016 Shandong P. R. China
| | - Yanqing Ge
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Taian 271016 Shandong P. R. China
| | - Chang Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Taian 271016 Shandong P. R. China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Jinan 250117 Shandong P. R. China
| | - Chunhao Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Taian 271016 Shandong P. R. China
| | - Hai Wang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Taian 271016 Shandong P. R. China
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12
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Vázquez-Durán A, Nava-Ramírez MDJ, Téllez-Isaías G, Méndez-Albores A. Removal of Aflatoxins Using Agro-Waste-Based Materials and Current Characterization Techniques Used for Biosorption Assessment. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:897302. [PMID: 35651966 PMCID: PMC9149420 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.897302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxins are the most hazardous fungal-generated secondary metabolites produced by toxigenic Aspergillus species. These toxins are frequently detected in food and feed and impose either acute or chronic effects in humans and animals, causing great public concern. Because of the adverse effects of aflatoxins, many physical, chemical, and biological decontamination approaches have been developed. However, the most commonly used procedure is the addition of adsorbent materials into aflatoxin-contaminated diets to reduce toxin absorption and distribution to blood and target organs. In recent times, sorption technology with agro-waste-based materials has appeared as a promising alternative over conventional binding agents with the benefits of low cost, higher rentability, feasibility, and exceptional efficiencies. This review is mainly focused on discussing the most important agro-waste-based materials able to adsorb aflatoxins such as pomaces, seeds, stems, hulls, peels, leaves, berries, lignins, fibers, weeds, and various horticultural byproducts. Further data of the in vitro, in vivo, and in silico efficacy of these biomaterials to adsorb and then desorb aflatoxins are given. Besides, an overview of the main characterization techniques used to elucidate the most important physical and chemical mechanisms involved in the biosorption is presented. Finally, conclusions and future research necessities are also outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alma Vázquez-Durán
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria L14 (Alimentos, Micotoxinas, y Micotoxicosis), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - María de Jesús Nava-Ramírez
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria L14 (Alimentos, Micotoxinas, y Micotoxicosis), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Abraham Méndez-Albores
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria L14 (Alimentos, Micotoxinas, y Micotoxicosis), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Abraham Méndez-Albores
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13
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Dey DK, Kang JI, Bajpai VK, Kim K, Lee H, Sonwal S, Simal-Gandara J, Xiao J, Ali S, Huh YS, Han YK, Shukla S. Mycotoxins in food and feed: toxicity, preventive challenges, and advanced detection techniques for associated diseases. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:8489-8510. [PMID: 35445609 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2059650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Mycotoxins are produced primarily as secondary fungal metabolites. Mycotoxins are toxic in nature and naturally produced by various species of fungi, which usually contaminate food and feed ingredients. The growth of these harmful fungi depends on several environmental factors, such as pH, humidity, and temperature; therefore, the mycotoxin distribution also varies among global geographical areas. Various rules and regulations regarding mycotoxins are imposed by the government bodies of each country, which are responsible for addressing global food and health security concerns. Despite this legislation, the incidence of mycotoxin contamination is continuously increasing. In this review, we discuss the geographical regulatory guidelines and recommendations that are implemented around the world to control mycotoxin contamination of food and feed products. Researchers and inventors from various parts of the world have reported several innovations for controlling mycotoxin-associated health consequences. Unfortunately, most of these techniques are restricted to laboratory scales and cannot reach users. Consequently, to date, no single device has been commercialized that can detect all mycotoxins that are naturally available in the environment. Therefore, in this study, we describe severe health hazards that are associated with mycotoxin exposure, their molecular signaling pathways and processes of toxicity, and their genotoxic and cytotoxic effects toward humans and animals. We also discuss recent developments in the construction of a sensitive and specific device that effectively implements mycotoxin identification and detection methods. In addition, our study comprehensively examines the recent advancements in the field for mitigating the health consequences and links them with the molecular and signaling pathways that are activated upon mycotoxin exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debasish Kumar Dey
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Ji In Kang
- Anticancer Agents Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, Cheongwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Vivek K Bajpai
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwanwoo Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, Biohybrid Systems Research Center (BSRC), Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoomin Lee
- Department of Biological Engineering, Biohybrid Systems Research Center (BSRC), Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sonam Sonwal
- Department of Biological Engineering, Biohybrid Systems Research Center (BSRC), Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - Sajad Ali
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Suk Huh
- Department of Biological Engineering, Biohybrid Systems Research Center (BSRC), Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Kyu Han
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shruti Shukla
- TERI-Deakin Nanobiotechnology Centre, The Energy and Resources Institute, Gurugram, Haryana, India
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14
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PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy as a protective mechanism against AFB 1-induced liver injury in mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 164:113043. [PMID: 35447291 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) can cause oxidative stress leading to mitochondrial damage and subsequent liver injury. Although it is well-known that damaged mitochondria are eliminated by PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy, this mechanism has not yet been characterized in the context of AFB1-induced liver injury. In this study, male wild-type C57BL/6N mice were divided into groups 1-4, which were then orally administered 0, 0.5, 0.75, and 1 mg/kg body weight AFB1 for 28 d, respectively. Our results demonstrated that oxidative stress, NLRP3-inflammasome activation, and mitochondrial damage were dose-dependently augmented in AFB1-induced liver injury. Additionally, PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy peaked in the groups that had received a mid-dose of AFB1 (0.75 mg/kg), which was attenuated slightly in high-dose groups. Afterward, we further characterized AFB1-induced liver injury by comparing wild-type C57BL/6N mice with Parkin knockout (Parkin-/-) mice. We found that the restricted mitophagy in Parkin-/- mice was associated with increased oxidative stress, NLRP3-inflammasome activation, mitochondrial damage, and liver injury. Taken together, these results indicate that PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy plays an important role in attenuating AFB1-induced liver injury in mice.
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15
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The metabolism and biotransformation of AFB 1: Key enzymes and pathways. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 199:115005. [PMID: 35318037 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Aflatoxins B1 (AFB1) is a hepatoxic compound produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus, seriously threatening food safety and the health of humans and animals. Understanding the metabolism of AFB1 is important for developing detoxification and intervention strategies. In this review, we summarize the AFB1 metabolic fates in humans and animals and the key enzymes that metabolize AFB1, including cytochrome P450s (CYP450s) for AFB1 bioactivation, glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) and aflatoxin-aldehyde reductases (AFARs) in detoxification. Furthermore, AFB1 metabolism in microbes is also summarized. Microorganisms specifically and efficiently transform AFB1 into less or non-toxic products in an environmental-friendly approach which could be the most desirable detoxification strategy in the future. This review provides a wholistic insight into the metabolism and biotransformation of AFB1 in various organisms, which also benefits the development of protective strategies in humans and animals.
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16
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Das S. 3-Nitrochromenes in the synthesis of fused- and spiro scaffolds: Recent progress. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2022.2026397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suven Das
- Department of Chemistry, Rishi Bankim Chandra College for Women, Naihati, India
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17
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Moon Y, Korcsmáros T, Nagappan A, Ray N. MicroRNA target-based network predicts androgen receptor-linked mycotoxin stress. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 230:113130. [PMID: 34968797 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.113130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Stress-responsive microRNAs (miRNAs) contribute to the regulation of cellular homeostasis or pathological processes, including carcinogenesis, by reprogramming target gene expression following human exposure to environmental or dietary xenobiotics. Herein, we predicted the targets of carcinogenic mycotoxin-responsive miRNAs and analyzed their association with disease and functionality. miRNA target-derived prediction indicated potent associations of oncogenic mycotoxin exposure with metabolism- or hormone-related diseases, including sex hormone-linked cancers. Mechanistically, the signaling network evaluation suggested androgen receptor (AR)-linked signaling as a common pivotal cluster associated with metabolism- or hormone-related tumorigenesis in response to aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A co-exposure. Particularly, high levels of AR and AR-linked genes for the retinol and xenobiotic metabolic enzymes were positively associated with attenuated disease biomarkers and good prognosis in patients with liver or kidney cancers. Moreover, AR-linked signaling was protective against OTA-induced genetic insults in human hepatocytes whereas it was positively involved in AFB1-induced genotoxic actions. Collectively, miRNA target network-based predictions provide novel clinical insights into the progression or intervention against malignant adverse outcomes of human exposure to environmental oncogenic insults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuseok Moon
- Laboratory of Mucosal Exposome and Biomodulation, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; Graduate Program of Genomic Data Sciences, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tamás Korcsmáros
- Earlham Institute, Norwich NR4 7UZ, UK; Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich NR4 7UZ, UK
| | - Arulkumar Nagappan
- Laboratory of Mucosal Exposome and Biomodulation, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Navin Ray
- Laboratory of Mucosal Exposome and Biomodulation, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
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18
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Zabiulla I, Malathi V, Swamy HVLN, Naik J, Pineda L, Han Y. The Efficacy of a Smectite-Based Mycotoxin Binder in Reducing Aflatoxin B 1 Toxicity on Performance, Health and Histopathology of Broiler Chickens. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13120856. [PMID: 34941694 PMCID: PMC8706332 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13120856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the experiment was to investigate the efficacy of a smectite-based clay binder (Toxo-MX) in reducing the toxicological effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in commercial broiler chickens. A total of 450 one-day old male broiler chickens were randomly allocated into three treatment groups with ten replicates of 15 birds each in a 42-day feeding experiment. The dietary treatments included a negative control (NC, a basal diet with no AFB1 and binder), a positive control (PC, a basal diet contaminated with 500 ppb of AFB1) and a smectite-based mycotoxin binder(Toxo-MX, PC with smectite clay binder). AFB1 challenge resulted in 14 to 24% depression in growth performance, elevated levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), organ enlargement and immuno-suppression.As compared to PC, feeding of Toxo-MX improved the final weight (15%; p < 0.0001), average daily gain (ADG) (15%; p < 0.001) and feed efficiency of broilers (13%; p < 0.0003) but did not have any effects on liver enzyme activities. Supplementation of smectite claysignificantly increased serum globulin levels and reduced the weight of the liver (p < 0.05) as compared to AFB1-fed broiler chickens. The severity of lesions (inflammatory and degenerative changes) observed in the liver, kidney, heart, pancreas, and lymphoid organs in PC birds was reduced by feeding smectite clay. The immuno-suppression caused by AFB1 was moderately ameliorated in Toxo-MX groupby stimulating the production of antibodies against IBD at day 42 (p < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation of a smectite-based mycotoxin binder to the diet containing AFB1 improved growth performance, reduced toxicological effects in liver and improved humoral immune response in broilers, suggesting its protective effect against aflatoxicosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Zabiulla
- Poultry Science Department, Veterinary College Bangalore, Karnataka Veterinary Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Bengaluru 560024, India; (I.Z.); (J.N.)
| | - Venkataramaiah Malathi
- Poultry Science Department, Veterinary College Bangalore, Karnataka Veterinary Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Bengaluru 560024, India; (I.Z.); (J.N.)
- Correspondence:
| | - H. V. L. N. Swamy
- Trouw Nutrition, Hyderabad 500032, India; (H.V.L.N.S.); (L.P.); (Y.H.)
| | - Jaya Naik
- Poultry Science Department, Veterinary College Bangalore, Karnataka Veterinary Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Bengaluru 560024, India; (I.Z.); (J.N.)
| | - Lane Pineda
- Trouw Nutrition, Hyderabad 500032, India; (H.V.L.N.S.); (L.P.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yanming Han
- Trouw Nutrition, Hyderabad 500032, India; (H.V.L.N.S.); (L.P.); (Y.H.)
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19
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Lin H, Yang H, Gong Q, Luo S, Gu J, Cao X, Mao B, Ge Y, Yuan C. Construction of cyclopentane-fused coumarins via DBU-catalyzed [3+2] cycloaddition of 3-homoacyl coumarins with cyclic 1-azadienes. RSC Adv 2021; 11:20118-20122. [PMID: 35479921 PMCID: PMC9033744 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra03387e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The metal-free DBU catalyzed [3+2] cycloaddition of 3-homoacyl coumarins with cyclic 1-azadienes proceeded smoothly to furnish the corresponding highly functionalized cyclopentane-fused coumarins with excellent diastereoselectivity and complete chemoselectivity and in good yields under mild conditions. A metal-free DBU catalyzed [3+2] cycloaddition of 3-homoacyl coumarins with cyclic 1-azadienes has been developed for the synthesis of cyclopentane-fused coumarins with excellent diastereoselectivity and complete chemoselectivity.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Huawei Lin
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Taian 271016 Shandong P. R. China
| | - Huimin Yang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Taian 271016 Shandong P. R. China
| | - Qi Gong
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Taian 271016 Shandong P. R. China
| | - Shan Luo
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Taian 271016 Shandong P. R. China
| | - Jing Gu
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Taian 271016 Shandong P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqun Cao
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Taian 271016 Shandong P. R. China
| | - Biming Mao
- Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Jinan 250117 Shandong P. R. China
| | - Yanqing Ge
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Taian 271016 Shandong P. R. China
| | - Chunhao Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Taian 271016 Shandong P. R. China
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20
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Wang S, Yang X, Liu F, Wang X, Zhang X, He K, Wang H. Comprehensive Metabolomic Analysis Reveals Dynamic Metabolic Reprogramming in Hep3B Cells with Aflatoxin B1 Exposure. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13060384. [PMID: 34072178 PMCID: PMC8229485 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13060384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) exposure have been recognized as independent risk factors for the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but their combined impacts and the potential metabolic mechanisms remain poorly characterized. Here, a comprehensive non-targeted metabolomic study was performed following AFB1 exposed to Hep3B cells at two different doses: 16 μM and 32 μM. The metabolites were identified and quantified by an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS)-based strategy. A total of 2679 metabolites were identified, and 392 differential metabolites were quantified among three groups. Pathway analysis indicated that dynamic metabolic reprogramming was induced by AFB1 and various pathways changed significantly, including purine and pyrimidine metabolism, hexosamine pathway and sialylation, fatty acid synthesis and oxidation, glycerophospholipid metabolism, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, glycolysis, and amino acid metabolism. To the best of our knowledge, the alteration of purine and pyrimidine metabolism and decrease of hexosamine pathways and sialylation with AFB1 exposure have not been reported. The results indicated that our metabolomic strategy is powerful to investigate the metabolome change of any stimulates due to its high sensitivity, high resolution, rapid separation, and good metabolome coverage. Besides, these findings provide an overview of the metabolic mechanisms of the AFB1 combined with HBV and new insight into the toxicological mechanism of AFB1. Thus, targeting these metabolic pathways may be an approach to prevent carcinogen-induced cancer, and these findings may provide potential drug targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Kun He
- Correspondence: (K.H.); (H.W.); Tel.: +86-10-6693-0306 (K.H.); +86-10-6693-0342 (H.W.); Fax: +86-10-6818-6281 (K.H. & H.W.)
| | - Hongxia Wang
- Correspondence: (K.H.); (H.W.); Tel.: +86-10-6693-0306 (K.H.); +86-10-6693-0342 (H.W.); Fax: +86-10-6818-6281 (K.H. & H.W.)
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21
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Paymode DJ, Sharma I. Rhodium‐Catalyzed [3+2]‐Annulation of
ortho‐
Diazoquinones with Enol Ethers: Diversity‐Oriented Total Synthesis of Aflatoxin B
2. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh J. Paymode
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Institute of Natural Products Applications and Research Technologies University of Oklahoma 101 Stephenson Parkway Norman OK-73019 USA
| | - Indrajeet Sharma
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Institute of Natural Products Applications and Research Technologies University of Oklahoma 101 Stephenson Parkway Norman OK-73019 USA
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22
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Mao K, Dai L, Chen A, Liu Y, Liu X, Wang C, Rong L. Radical Annulation for the Synthesis of Cyclopenta[c]chromene Derivatives. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaimin Mao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Lei Dai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Ang Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Yun Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqin Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Chang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Liangce Rong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 Jiangsu P. R. China
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Adedara IA, Owumi SE, Oyelere AK, Farombi EO. Neuroprotective role of gallic acid in aflatoxin B 1 -induced behavioral abnormalities in rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2020; 35:e22684. [PMID: 33319922 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The neurotoxic impact of dietary exposure to aflatoxin B1 (AFB1 ) is documented in experimental and epidemiological studies. Gallic acid (GA) is a triphenolic phytochemical with potent anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. There is a knowledge gap on the influence of GA on AFB1 -induced neurotoxicity. This study probed the influence of GA on neurobehavioral and biochemical abnormalities in rats orally treated with AFB1 per se (75 µg/kg body weight) or administered together with GA (20 and 40 mg/kg) for 28 uninterrupted days. Behavioral endpoints obtained with video-tracking software demonstrated significant (p < .05) abatement of AFB1 -induced anxiogenic-like behaviors (increased freezing, urination, and fecal bolus discharge), motor and locomotor inadequacies, namely increased negative geotaxis and diminished grip strength, absolute turn angle, total time mobile, body rotation, maximum speed, and total distance traveled by GA. The improvement of exploratory behavior in animals that received both AFB1 and GA was confirmed by track plots and heat maps appraisal. Abatement of AFB1 -induced decreases in acetylcholinesterase activity, antioxidant status and glutathione level by GA was accompanied by a marked reduction in oxidative stress markers in the cerebellum and cerebrum of rats. Additionally, GA treatment abrogated AFB1 -mediated decrease in interleukin-10 and elevation of inflammatory indices, namely tumor necrosis factor-α, myeloperoxidase activity, interleukin-1β, and nitric oxide. Further, GA treatment curtailed caspase-3 activation and histological injuries in the cerebral and cerebellar tissues. In conclusion, abatement of AFB1 -induced neurobehavioral abnormalities by GA involves anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic mechanisms in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac A Adedara
- Department of Biochemistry, Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Solomon E Owumi
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratory, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adegboyega K Oyelere
- School of Biochemistry and Chemistry, Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ebenezer O Farombi
- Department of Biochemistry, Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Insights into Aflatoxin B1 Toxicity in Cattle: An In Vitro Whole-Transcriptomic Approach. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12070429. [PMID: 32610656 PMCID: PMC7404968 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12070429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxins, and particularly aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), are toxic mycotoxins to humans and farm animal species, resulting in acute and chronic toxicities. At present, AFB1 is still considered a global concern with negative impacts on health, the economy, and social life. In farm animals, exposure to AFB1-contaminated feed may cause several untoward effects, liver damage being one of the most devastating ones. In the present study, we assessed in vitro the transcriptional changes caused by AFB1 in a bovine fetal hepatocyte-derived cell line (BFH12). To boost the cellular response to AFB1, cells were pre-treated with the co-planar PCB 3,3′,4,4′,5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB126), a known aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist. Three experimental groups were considered: cells exposed to the vehicle only, to PCB126, and to PCB126 and AFB1. A total of nine RNA-seq libraries (three replicates/group) were constructed and sequenced. The differential expression analysis showed that PCB126 induced only small transcriptional changes. On the contrary, AFB1 deeply affected the cell transcriptome, the majority of significant genes being associated with cancer, cellular damage and apoptosis, inflammation, bioactivation, and detoxification pathways. Investigating mRNA perturbations induced by AFB1 in cattle BFH12 cells will help us to better understand AFB1 toxicodynamics in this susceptible and economically important food-producing species.
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Solis-Cruz B, Hernandez-Patlan D, Petrone VM, Pontin KP, Latorre JD, Beyssac E, Hernandez-Velasco X, Merino-Guzman R, Arreguin MA, Hargis BM, Lopez-Arellano R, Tellez-Isaias G. Evaluation of a Bacillus -Based Direct-Fed Microbial on Aflatoxin B1 Toxic Effects, Performance, Immunologic Status, and Serum Biochemical Parameters in Broiler Chickens. Avian Dis 2020; 63:659-669. [PMID: 31865681 DOI: 10.1637/aviandiseases-d-19-00100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of a commercial Bacillus direct-fed microbial (DFM) on aflatoxin B1 toxic effects, performance, and biochemical and immunologic parameters in broiler chickens. Ninety 1-day-old Cobb 500 male broiler chicks were raised in floor pens for a period of 21 days. Chicks were neck-tagged, individually weighed, and randomly allocated to one of three groups: Negative control (basal feed), aflatoxin B1 (basal feed + 2 ppm AFB1), and DFM (basal feed + 2 ppm AFB1 + Bacillus direct-fed microbial). Each group had three replicates of 10 chickens (n = 30/group). Body weight and body weight gain were calculated weekly, while feed intake and feed conversion ratio were determined when broilers were 21 days old. On day 21, all chickens were bled, gastrointestinal samples were collected, and spleen and bursa of Fabricius were weighed. This study confirmed that 2 ppm of AFB1 causes severe detrimental effects on performance, biochemical parameters, and immunologic parameters, generating hepatic lesions in broiler chickens (P < 0.05). However, it was also observed that DFM supplementation provided beneficial effects that might help to improve gut barrier function, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, as well as humoral and cellular immunomodulation. The results of the present study suggest that this Bacillus-DFM added at a concentration of 106 spores/gram of feed can be used to counteract the negative effects that occur when birds consume diets contaminated with AFB1, showing beneficial effects on performance parameters, relative organ weights, hepatic lesions, immune response, and serum biochemical variables. The addition of this Bacillus-DFM might mitigate and decrease aflatoxicosis problems in the poultry industry, improving food security, alleviating public health problems, and providing economic benefits. Future studies are needed to fully elucidate the specific mechanisms by which this Bacillus-DFM counteracts the toxic effects of aflatoxin B1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Solis-Cruz
- Laboratorio 5: LEDEFAR, Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlan Izcalli 54714, State of Mexico, Mexico
| | - Daniel Hernandez-Patlan
- Laboratorio 5: LEDEFAR, Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlan Izcalli 54714, State of Mexico, Mexico
| | - Victor M Petrone
- Laboratorio 5: LEDEFAR, Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlan Izcalli 54714, State of Mexico, Mexico
| | - Karine P Pontin
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa em Patologia Aviária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Ale re RS 97105-900 Brazil
| | - Juan D Latorre
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704
| | - Eric Beyssac
- Laboratoire de Biopharmacie et Technologie Pharmaceutique, UFR de Pharmacie, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand 63001, France
| | - Xochitl Hernandez-Velasco
- Departamento de Medicina y Zootecnia de Aves, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Ruben Merino-Guzman
- Departamento de Medicina y Zootecnia de Aves, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | | | - Billy M Hargis
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704
| | - Raquel Lopez-Arellano
- Laboratorio 5: LEDEFAR, Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlan Izcalli 54714, State of Mexico, Mexico
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26
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Ekeanyanwu CL, Alisi CS, Ekeanyanwu RC. Levels of Aflatoxin M1 and selected heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn, Fe, As, and Hg) in the breast milk of lactating mothers in South Eastern, Nigeria. Food Control 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Evaluation of Neuroprotective Effects of Quercetin against Aflatoxin B1-Intoxicated Mice. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10050898. [PMID: 32455780 PMCID: PMC7278413 DOI: 10.3390/ani10050898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a mycotoxin commonly present in feed, characterized by several toxic effects. AFB1 has been described as being responsible for naturally occurring animal kidney disorders. In addition, AFB1 seems to have a neurotoxical effect that leads to memory impairment behavior. AFB1 toxicity involves the induction of the oxidative stress pathway, rising lipid peroxidation, and it decreases antioxidant enzyme levels. Hence, in our research, we wanted to evaluate the potential protective effects of quercetin in AFB1-mediated toxicity in the brain and the ameliorative effect on behavioral alterations. This antioxidant effect of quercetin in the brains of AFB1-intoxicated mice is reflected in better cognitive and spatial memory capacity, as well as a better profile of anxiety and lethargy disorders. In conclusion, our study suggests that quercetin exerts a preventive role against oxidative stress by promoting antioxidative defense systems and limiting lipid peroxidation. Abstract Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a mycotoxin commonly present in feed, characterized by several toxic effects. AFB1 seems to have a neurotoxical effect that leads to memory impairment behavior. AFB1 toxicity involves the induction of the oxidative stress pathway, rising lipid peroxidation, and it decreases antioxidant enzyme levels. Hence, in our research, we wanted to evaluate the potential protective effects of quercetin 30 mg/kg in AFB1-mediated toxicity in the brain and the ameliorative effect on behavioral alterations. Oral supplementation with quercetin increased glutathione peroxidase (GSH) levels, superoxidedismutase (SOD) activity and catalase (CAT) in the brain, and it reduced lipid peroxidation in AFB1-treated mice. This antioxidant effect of quercetin in the brains of AFB1-intoxicated mice is reflected in better cognitive and spatial memory capacity, as well as a better profile of anxiety and lethargy disorders. In conclusion, our study suggests that quercetin exerts a preventive role against oxidative stress by promoting antioxidative defense systems and limiting lipid peroxidation.
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Kövesi B, Pelyhe C, Zándoki E, Mézes M, Balogh K. Combined effects of aflatoxin B1 and deoxynivalenol on the expression of glutathione redox system regulatory genes in common carp. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2020; 104:1531-1539. [PMID: 32166807 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the short-term effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1 ) and deoxynivalenol (DON) exposure on the expression of the genes encoding the glutathione redox system glutathione peroxidase 4a (gpx4a), glutathione peroxidase 4b (gpx4b), glutathione synthetase (gss) and glutathione reductase (gsr) and the oxidative stress response-related transcription factors Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (keap1) and nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (nrf2) in liver, kidney and spleen of common carp. During the 24-hr long experiment, three different doses (5 µg AFB1 and 110 µg DON; 7.5 µg AFB1 and 165 µg DON or 10 µg AFB1 and 220 µg DON/kg bw) were used. The results indicated that the co-exposure of AFB1 and DON initiated free radical formation in liver, kidney and spleen, which was suggested by the increase in Nrf2 dependent genes, namely gpx4a, gpx4b, gss and gsr. Expression of keap1 gene showed upregulation after 8 hr of mycotoxin exposure, and also upregulation of nrf2 gene was found in kidney after 8 hr of exposure, while in the liver, only slight differences were observed. The changes in the expression of the analysed genes suggest that level of reactive oxygen species reached a critical level where other signalling pathway was activated as described by the hierarchical model of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Kövesi
- Department of Nutrition, Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Csilla Pelyhe
- Mycotoxins in the Food Chain Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Kaposvár University, Szent István University, Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - Erika Zándoki
- Mycotoxins in the Food Chain Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Kaposvár University, Szent István University, Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - Miklós Mézes
- Department of Nutrition, Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary.,Mycotoxins in the Food Chain Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Kaposvár University, Szent István University, Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - Krisztián Balogh
- Department of Nutrition, Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary.,Mycotoxins in the Food Chain Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Kaposvár University, Szent István University, Kaposvár, Hungary
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29
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Zhou H, Wang J, Ma L, Chen L, Guo T, Zhang Y, Dai H, Yu Y. Oxidative DNA damage and multi-organ pathologies in male mice subchronically treated with aflatoxin B 1. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 186:109697. [PMID: 31629905 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Although the acute and/or chronic exposure to AFB1 has been widely investigated, the study on the toxic effects resulted from the subchronic exposure of AFB1 which is more close to the real scenario in view of the regional and seasonal characters of aflatoxin-producing strains is still limited. To understand the subchronically toxic effects of AFB1, we studied the AFB1-induced oxidative damage, reproductive impairment as well as their potential correlations and mechanisms at the molecular level. Generally, our results showed that subchronic exposure of AFB1 gave rise to pathological and oxidative damages in mice, disrupted oxidation-reduction homeostasis, activated mitochondrial apoptotic and p53-regulated signaling pathways, induced DNA and chromosomal damages and increased the rate of sperm malformation. Importantly, reproductive toxic effects were detected in AFB1-treated mice under a subchronic exposure, which was evidenced by the ascended sperm malformation. Based on our pilot study, it's speculated that the partial mechanism of reproductive toxicity may be the oxidative damages, especially DNA damages directly induced by AFB1. In short, our study demonstrated that severe damages can be caused even by a subchronic exposure as well as hinted that reproductive toxicity also should be taken into consideration when conducting risk assessments of the subchronic exposure of AFB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Jiaman Wang
- Cspc Pharmaceutical Group of the Cause of Health Research and Development, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Liang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China.
| | - Lu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Ting Guo
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Yuhao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Hongjie Dai
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Yong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China
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30
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Rejeb R, Antonissen G, De Boevre M, Detavernier C, Van de Velde M, De Saeger S, Ducatelle R, Hadj Ayed M, Ghorbal A. Calcination Enhances the Aflatoxin and Zearalenone Binding Efficiency of a Tunisian Clay. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:E602. [PMID: 31623143 PMCID: PMC6832999 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11100602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Clays are known to have promising adsorbing characteristics, and are used as feed additives to overcome the negative effects of mycotoxicosis in livestock farming. Modification of clay minerals by heat treatment, also called calcination, can alter their adsorption characteristics. Little information, however, is available on the effect of calcination with respect to mycotoxin binding. The purpose of this study was to characterize a Tunisian clay before and after calcination (at 550 °C), and to investigate the effectiveness of the thermal treatment of this clay on its aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), G1 (AFG1), B2 (AFB2), G2 (AFG2), and zearalenone (ZEN) adsorption capacity. Firstly, the purified clay (CP) and calcined clay (CC) were characterized with X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-IR), cation exchange capacity (CEC), specific surface area (SBET), and point of zero charge (pHPZC) measurements. Secondly, an in vitro model that simulated the pH conditions of the monogastric gastrointestinal tract was used to evaluate the binding efficiency of the tested clays when artificially mixed with aflatoxins and zearalenone. The tested clay consisted mainly of smectite and illite. Purified and calcined clay had similar chemical compositions. After heat treatment, however, some changes in the mineralogical and textural properties were observed. The calcination decreased the cation exchange capacity and the specific surface, whereas the pore size was increased. Both purified and calcined clay had a binding efficacy of over 90% for AFB1 under simulated poultry GI tract conditions. Heat treatment of the clay increased the adsorption of AFB2, AFG1, and AFG2 related to the increase in pore size of the clay by the calcination process. ZEN adsorption also increased by calcination, albeit to a more stable level at pH 3 rather than at pH 7. In conclusion, calcination of clay minerals enhanced the adsorption of aflatoxins and mostly of AFG1 and AFG2 at neutral pH of the gastrointestinal tract, and thus are associated with protection against the toxic effects of aflatoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roua Rejeb
- Université de Sousse, Institut Supérieur Agronomique de Chott-Mariem, LR18AG01, ISA-CM-BP, 47, Sousse 4042, Tunisia;
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of veterinary medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (G.A.); (R.D.)
| | - Gunther Antonissen
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of veterinary medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (G.A.); (R.D.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Marthe De Boevre
- Department of Bioanalysis, Centre of Excellence in Mycotoxicology and Public Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (M.D.B.); (C.D.); (M.V.d.V.)
| | - Christ’l Detavernier
- Department of Bioanalysis, Centre of Excellence in Mycotoxicology and Public Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (M.D.B.); (C.D.); (M.V.d.V.)
| | - Mario Van de Velde
- Department of Bioanalysis, Centre of Excellence in Mycotoxicology and Public Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (M.D.B.); (C.D.); (M.V.d.V.)
| | - Sarah De Saeger
- Department of Bioanalysis, Centre of Excellence in Mycotoxicology and Public Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (M.D.B.); (C.D.); (M.V.d.V.)
| | - Richard Ducatelle
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of veterinary medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (G.A.); (R.D.)
| | - Madiha Hadj Ayed
- Université de Sousse, Institut Supérieur Agronomique de Chott-Mariem, LR18AG01, ISA-CM-BP, 47, Sousse 4042, Tunisia;
| | - Achraf Ghorbal
- Research Laboratory LR18ES33, National Engineering School of Gabes, University of Gabes, Avenue Omar Ibn El Khattab, Gabes 6029, Tunisia;
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Liu L, Chen F, Qin S, Ma J, Li L, Jin T, Zhao R. Effects of Selenium-Enriched Yeast Improved Aflatoxin B1-Induced Changes in Growth Performance, Antioxidation Capacity, IL-2 and IFN-γ Contents, and Gene Expression in Mice. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 191:183-188. [PMID: 30554384 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1607-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Sixty Kunming mice were randomly assigned into three groups. Mice in a control group were fed a basal diet, while mice in AFB1 group and AFB1-Se group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 250 μg/kg AFB1 or the basal diet supplemented with 250 μg/kg AFB1 and 0.2 mg/kg selenium as selenium-enriched yeast, respectively. On day 30 of the experiment, growth performance, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) levels, and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in liver, interleukin-2 (IL-2), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) contents in serum, and cytochrome P3a11 (Cyp3a11), IL-2, IFN-γ, and GSH-Px1 mRNA levels in liver were determined. The results showed that final weights, weight gains, T-AOC levels, GSH-Px1, and IFN-γ mRNA levels in AFB1-Se group and control group were higher or significantly higher than those in AFB1 group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), respectively. Body length gains in AFB1 group were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05), while there was no significant difference between the AFB1-Se and control groups (P > 0.05). IL-2 contents and liver IL-2 mRNA levels in AFB1-Se group were significantly higher than those in the AFB1 group and control group (P < 0.01), and IL-2 contents in the control group were also significantly higher than those in the AFB1 group (P < 0.01). IFN-γ contents in AFB1-Se group and AFB1 group were significantly higher than those in control group (P < 0.01), while IFN-γ contents in AFB1-Se group were significantly lower than those in AFB1 group (P < 0.01). Cyp3a11 mRNA levels in AFB1-Se group and AFB1 group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.01). The results indicated that selenium-enriched yeast could partly reduce the toxicity induced by AFB1 in mice, including improving growth performance, antioxidation capacity, IL-2 and IFN-γ contents, and enhancing IL-2, IFN-γ, and GSH-Px1 mRNA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Fu Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Shunyi Qin
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China.
| | - Jifei Ma
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Liuan Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Tianming Jin
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Ruili Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China
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Zarev Y, Naessens T, Theunis M, Elgorashi E, Apers S, Ionkova I, Verschaeve L, Pieters L, Hermans N, Foubert K. In vitro antigenotoxic activity, in silico ADME prediction and protective effects against aflatoxin B 1 induced hepatotoxicity in rats of an Erythrina latissima stem bark extract. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 135:110768. [PMID: 31479712 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Stem bark of Erythrina latissima E. Mey (Leguminosae) contains a wide range of prenylated flavonoids able to counteract the genotoxic properties of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). Thus, the hypothesis was raised that E. latissima stem bark extracts (ELBE) may counteract the in vivo hepatotoxic effects of aflatoxins, contaminants in food and feed. An HPLC-DAD method was developed and validated to determine the level of flavonoid aglycones (11.82%) and glycosides (16.17%). ADME, pharmacokinetic and drug-likeness assessment of major flavonoids of ELBE, using the web tool SwissADME, showed good oral bioavailability. The protective effect of ELBE against AFB1 induced genotoxicity in the Vitotox assay after metabolic activation was confirmed (IC50 of 44.32 μg/ml), followed by evaluation of its inhibitory effect on hepatotoxicity in rats induced by the same agent. Male Wistar rats were orally treated with ELBE (20 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg) or curcumin (500 mg/kg) combined with piperine (20 mg/kg) - positive control, for 8 days prior to AFB1 exposure (1 mg/kg). The ELBE group showed a decreased activity of ALP and γ-GT compared to the AFB1 group. Histopathological examination of the liver demonstrated ameliorative effects of ELBE. Thus, ELBE could have a protective effect against hepatotoxins such as AFB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yancho Zarev
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University - Sofia, Str. Dunav 2, 1000, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Tania Naessens
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Mart Theunis
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Esameldin Elgorashi
- Toxicology and Ethnoveterinary Medicine, Food, Feed and Veterinary Public Health, ARC-Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, Private Bag X05, Onderstepoort, 0110, South Africa
| | - Sandra Apers
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Iliana Ionkova
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University - Sofia, Str. Dunav 2, 1000, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Luc Verschaeve
- Risk Assessment, Sciensano, Juliette Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Luc Pieters
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Nina Hermans
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Kenn Foubert
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
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Wang Y, Wang B, Liu M, Jiang K, Wang M, Wang L. Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals the different roles between hepatopancreas and intestine of Litopenaeus vannamei in immune response to aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) challenge. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019; 222:1-10. [PMID: 30981908 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a mycotoxin mainly produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus contaminating food, feed ingredients and products of animal origin. In mammals, this toxin causes widespread organ-specific damage; it is immunotoxicity and could promote hepatotoxicity, alter intestinal functions and so on. In this study, we conducted transcriptome and histomorphology analyses of hepatopancreas and intestinal in Litopenaeus vannamei (L. vannamei) challenged with AFB1. Totally 12,014 and 1387 differentially expression genes (DEGs) were identified in the hepatopancreas and intestine, respectively. In hepatopancreas, a total of 1995 DEGs were mainly annotated and grouped into 18 processes or pathways related to animal immune system. With respect to intestine, a total of 152 DEGs were mainly annotated to 7 processes or pathways related to animal immune system. Meanwhile, we determined the relative mRNA expression of several crucial representative immune genes including Toll, immune deficiency (IMD), prophenoloxidase (proPO), Rab and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in the hepatopancreas and intestines of shrimp at 3-, 6-, 12-, 18-, 24- and 30-d after challenged by AFB1. Exposure to AFB1 increased mortality, decrease weight gain rate, severely destroyed the histomorphology of hepatopancreas and intestine, and resulted in the damaged of immune system of shrimp. The present data reveals the different roles between hepatopancreas and intestine of L. vannamei in immune response to AFB1 challenge, and provides insight into the molecular basis of the relationship between hepatopancreas and intestinal immunity during either homeostasis or inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilong Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Baojie Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Mei Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Keyong Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Mengqiang Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Research Platform for Marine Molecular Biotechnology, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; CAS Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266400, China.
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Soares MIL, Gomes CSB, Nunes SCC, Pais AACC, Pinho e Melo TMVD. Phosphane-Catalyzed [3+2] Annulation of Allenoates with 3-Nitro-2H
-chromenes: Synthesis of Tetrahydrocyclopenta[c
]chromenes. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria I. L. Soares
- CQC and Department of Chemistry; University of Coimbra; 3004-535 Coimbra Portugal
| | - Clara S. B. Gomes
- Centro de Química Estrutural; Instituto Superior Técnico; Universidade de Lisboa; 1049-001 Lisboa Portugal
| | - Sandra C. C. Nunes
- CQC and Department of Chemistry; University of Coimbra; 3004-535 Coimbra Portugal
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Assaf JC, Nahle S, Chokr A, Louka N, Atoui A, El Khoury A. Assorted Methods for Decontamination of Aflatoxin M1 in Milk Using Microbial Adsorbents. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:E304. [PMID: 31146398 PMCID: PMC6628408 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11060304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxins (AF) are carcinogenic metabolites produced by different species of Aspergillus which readily colonize crops. AFM1 is secreted in the milk of lactating mammals through the ingestion of feedstuffs contaminated by aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). Therefore, its presence in milk, even in small amounts, presents a real concern for dairy industries and consumers of dairy products. Different strategies can lead to the reduction of AFM1 contamination levels in milk. They include adopting good agricultural practices, decreasing the AFB1 contamination of animal feeds, or using diverse types of adsorbent materials. One of the most effective types of adsorbents used for AFM1 decontamination are those of microbial origin. This review discusses current issues about AFM1 decontamination methods. These methods are based on the use of different bio-adsorbent agents such as bacteria and yeasts to complex AFM1 in milk. Moreover, this review answers some of the raised concerns about the binding stability of the formed AFM1-microbial complex. Thus, the efficiency of the decontamination methods was addressed, and plausible experimental variants were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Claude Assaf
- Centre d'Analyses et de Recherche (CAR), Unité de Recherche Technologies et Valorisation agro-Alimentaire (UR-TVA), Faculté des Sciences, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, Campus des sciences et technologies, Mar Roukos, Matn 1104-2020, Lebanon .
- Research Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, Hadat Campus, Beirut P.O Box 5, Lebanon.
- Platform of Research and Analysis in Environmental Sciences (PRASE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technologies, Lebanese University, Hadat Campus, Beirut P.O. Box 6573/14, Lebanon.
| | - Sahar Nahle
- Centre d'Analyses et de Recherche (CAR), Unité de Recherche Technologies et Valorisation agro-Alimentaire (UR-TVA), Faculté des Sciences, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, Campus des sciences et technologies, Mar Roukos, Matn 1104-2020, Lebanon .
- Research Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, Hadat Campus, Beirut P.O Box 5, Lebanon.
- Platform of Research and Analysis in Environmental Sciences (PRASE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technologies, Lebanese University, Hadat Campus, Beirut P.O. Box 6573/14, Lebanon.
| | - Ali Chokr
- Research Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, Hadat Campus, Beirut P.O Box 5, Lebanon.
- Platform of Research and Analysis in Environmental Sciences (PRASE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technologies, Lebanese University, Hadat Campus, Beirut P.O. Box 6573/14, Lebanon.
| | - Nicolas Louka
- Centre d'Analyses et de Recherche (CAR), Unité de Recherche Technologies et Valorisation agro-Alimentaire (UR-TVA), Faculté des Sciences, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, Campus des sciences et technologies, Mar Roukos, Matn 1104-2020, Lebanon .
| | - Ali Atoui
- Research Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, Hadat Campus, Beirut P.O Box 5, Lebanon.
| | - André El Khoury
- Centre d'Analyses et de Recherche (CAR), Unité de Recherche Technologies et Valorisation agro-Alimentaire (UR-TVA), Faculté des Sciences, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, Campus des sciences et technologies, Mar Roukos, Matn 1104-2020, Lebanon .
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Mutua F, Lindahl J, Grace D. Availability and use of mycotoxin binders in selected urban and Peri-urban areas of Kenya. Food Secur 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12571-019-00911-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Ghadiri S, Spalenza V, Dellafiora L, Badino P, Barbarossa A, Dall'Asta C, Nebbia C, Girolami F. Modulation of aflatoxin B1 cytotoxicity and aflatoxin M1 synthesis by natural antioxidants in a bovine mammary epithelial cell line. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 57:174-183. [PMID: 30849473 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aflatoxin (AF) B1, a widespread food and feed contaminant, is bioactivated by drug metabolizing enzymes (DME) to cytotoxic and carcinogenic metabolites like AFB1-epoxide and AFM1, a dairy milk contaminant. A number of natural antioxidants have been reported to afford a certain degree of protection against AFB1 (cyto)toxicity. As the mammary gland potentially participates in the generation of AFB1 metabolites, we evaluated the role of selected natural antioxidants (i.e. curcumin, quercetin and resveratrol) in the modulation of AFB1 toxicity and metabolism using a bovine mammary epithelial cell line (BME-UV1). Quercetin and, to a lesser extent, resveratrol and curcumin from Curcuma longa (all at 5 μM) significantly counteracted the AFB1-mediated impairment of cell viability (concentration range: 96-750 nM). Moreover, quercetin was able to significantly reduce the synthesis of AFM1. The quantitative PCR analysis on genes encoding for DME (phase I and II) and antioxidant enzymes showed that AFB1 caused an overall downregulation of the detoxifying systems, and mainly of GSTA1, which mediates the GSH conjugation of the AFB1-epoxide. The negative modulation of GSTA1 was efficiently reversed in the presence of quercetin, which significantly increased GSH levels as well. It is suggested that quercetin exerts its beneficial effects by depressing the bio-transformation of AFB1 and counterbalancing its pro-oxidant effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Ghadiri
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, Largo Braccini 2, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Veronica Spalenza
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, Largo Braccini 2, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Luca Dellafiora
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Via G.P. Usberti 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Paola Badino
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, Largo Braccini 2, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Andrea Barbarossa
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy
| | - Chiara Dall'Asta
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Via G.P. Usberti 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Carlo Nebbia
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, Largo Braccini 2, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Flavia Girolami
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, Largo Braccini 2, Grugliasco, Italy.
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Solis-Cruz B, Hernandez-Patlan D, Petrone VM, Pontin KP, Latorre JD, Beyssac E, Hernandez-Velasco X, Merino-Guzman R, Owens C, Hargis BM, Lopez-Arellano R, Tellez-Isaias G. Evaluation of Cellulosic Polymers and Curcumin to Reduce Aflatoxin B1 Toxic Effects on Performance, Biochemical, and Immunological Parameters of Broiler Chickens. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:E121. [PMID: 30781456 PMCID: PMC6410090 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11020121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the effect of cellulosic polymers (CEL) and curcumin (CUR) on aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) toxic effects on performance, and the biochemical and immunological parameters in broiler chickens, 150 one-day-old male broiler chicks were randomly allocated into five groups with three replicates of 10 chickens per pen: Negative Control (feed); AFB1 (feed + 2 ppm AFB1); CUR (feed + 2 ppm AFB1 + Curcumin 0.2%); CEL (feed + 2 ppm AFB1 + 0.3% Cellulosic polymers); and, CEL + CUR (feed + 2 ppm AFB1 + 0.3% Cellulose polymers + 0.2% Curcumin). Every week, body weight, body weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio were calculated. On day 21, liver, spleen, bursa of Fabricius, and intestine from five broilers per replicate per group were removed to obtain relative organ weight. Histopathological changes in liver, several biochemical biomarkers, antibody titers, and muscle and skin pigmentation were also recorded. Dietary addition of 0.3% CEL and 0.2% CUR separately significantly diminished some of the toxic effects resulting from AFB1 on performance parameters, relative organs weight, histopathology, immune response, and serum biochemical variables (P < 0.05); however, the combination of CUR and CEL showed a better-integrated approach for the management of poultry health problems that are related with the consumption of AFB1, since they have different mechanisms of action with different positive effects on the responses of broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Solis-Cruz
- Laboratorio 5: LEDEFAR, Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlan Izcalli 54714, Estado de Mexico, Mexico.
| | - Daniel Hernandez-Patlan
- Laboratorio 5: LEDEFAR, Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlan Izcalli 54714, Estado de Mexico, Mexico.
| | - Victor M Petrone
- Laboratorio 5: LEDEFAR, Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlan Izcalli 54714, Estado de Mexico, Mexico.
| | - Karine P Pontin
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa em Patologia Aviária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre RS 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Juan D Latorre
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704, USA.
| | - Eric Beyssac
- Laboratoire de Biopharmacie et Technologie Pharmaceutique, UFR de Pharmacie, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Xochitl Hernandez-Velasco
- Departamento de Medicina y Zootecnia de Aves, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico.
| | - Ruben Merino-Guzman
- Departamento de Medicina y Zootecnia de Aves, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico.
| | - Casey Owens
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704, USA.
| | - Billy M Hargis
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704, USA.
| | - Raquel Lopez-Arellano
- Laboratorio 5: LEDEFAR, Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlan Izcalli 54714, Estado de Mexico, Mexico.
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Ferreira RG, Cardoso MV, de Souza Furtado KM, Espíndola KMM, Amorim RP, Monteiro MC. Epigenetic alterations caused by aflatoxin b1: a public health risk in the induction of hepatocellular carcinoma. Transl Res 2019; 204:51-71. [PMID: 30304666 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is currently the most commonly studied mycotoxin due to its great toxicity, its distribution in a wide variety of foods such as grains and cereals and its involvement in the development of + (hepatocellular carcinoma; HCC). HCC is one of the main types of liver cancer, and has become a serious public health problem, due to its high incidence mainly in Southeast Asia and Africa. Studies show that AFB1 acts in synergy with other risk factors such as hepatitis B and C virus leading to the development of HCC through genetic and epigenetic modifications. The genetic modifications begin in the liver through the biomorphic AFB1, the AFB1-exo-8.9-Epoxy active, which interacts with DNA to form adducts of AFB1-DNA. These adducts induce mutation in codon 249, mediated by a transversion of G-T in the p53 tumor suppressor gene, causing HCC. Thus, this review provides an overview of the evidence for AFB1-induced epigenetic alterations and the potential mechanisms involved in the development of HCC, focusing on a critical analysis of the importance of severe legislation in the detection of aflatoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roseane Guimarães Ferreira
- Neurosciences and Cell Biology Post-Graduation Program, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Pará/UFPA, Belém, Pará, Brazil.
| | - Magda Vieira Cardoso
- Pharmaceutical Science Post-Graduation Program, Health Science Institute, Federal University of Pará/UFPA, Belém, Pará, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | - Marta Chagas Monteiro
- Neurosciences and Cell Biology Post-Graduation Program, Pharmaceutical Science Post-Graduation Program, Health Science Institute, Federal University of Pará/UFPA, Belém, Pará, Brazil.
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Vahidi-Ferdowsi P, Mehrzad J, Malvandi A, Hosseinkhani S. Bioluminescence-based detection of astrocytes apoptosis and ATP depletion induced by biologically relevant level aflatoxin B1. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2018. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2017.2275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Although brain accumulation of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) suggests potential impact on brain cells, including astrocytes, there still exists a scarcity of research on this issue within the literature. This research investigates the apoptosis effect of AFB1 on primary mouse astrocytes. To this aim, a MTT colorimetric assay on astrocytes was performed to measure the toxicity/LC50 of various concentrations (0-320,000 nM) of AFB1 for 24 h. Further, the astrocytes were exposed to concentrations of 8, 16 and 32 nM of AFB1 for 24, 48 and 72 h. Concentration of intracellular ATP) and caspase-3/7 activity was then determined by luciferase-dependent bioluminescence. Furthermore, the percentage of apoptotic cells was obtained using flow cytometry (annexin V+/propidium iodide (PI)−; cytochrome c release from mitochondria, a hallmark of cell damage, was carried out by Western blot as well. MTT assay at post-exposure hours (PEH) 24 revealed that the LC50 of AFB1 was ~80,000 nM. Though at PEH 48 only 32 nM of AFB1 resulted in a significant diminished intracellular ATP content, at PEH 72 both 8 and 32 nM of AFB1 led to a significant ATP depletion in astrocytes. Similar patterns of changes were observed in bioluminescence intensity of AFB1-treated astrocytes. Flow cytometry-based annexin V and PI staining of astrocytes at PEH 24, 48 and 72 showed that 32 nM of AFB1 significantly and time dependently increased the percentage of apoptotic astrocytes (annexin V+/PI−). With 32 nM of AFB1, caspase-3/7 activity in astrocytes was increased ~4-fold at PEH 72. A remarkable release of cytochrome c was only detected in astrocytes exposed to 32 nM AFB1 for PEH 72. The results indicated that a biologically relevant level of AFB1 (32 nM) induces apoptosis in astrocytes through ATP depletion and caspases activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Vahidi-Ferdowsi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, 14115-111 Tehran, Iran
| | - J. Mehrzad
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, 1419963111 Tehran, Iran
| | - A.M. Malvandi
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Fondazione Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science L. Sacco, University of Milan, Giovanni Battista Grassi 74, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - S. Hosseinkhani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, 14115-111 Tehran, Iran
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Aflatoxin B1 metabolism: Regulation by phase I and II metabolizing enzymes and chemoprotective agents. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2018; 778:79-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Sobral MMC, Faria MA, Cunha SC, Ferreira IMPLVO. Toxicological interactions between mycotoxins from ubiquitous fungi: Impact on hepatic and intestinal human epithelial cells. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 202:538-548. [PMID: 29587235 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.03.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), deoxynivalenol (DON), fumonisin B1 (FB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA) are toxic fungal metabolites co-occurring naturally in the environment. This study aimed to evaluate the toxicological interactions of these mycotoxins concerning additive, antagonistic and synergistic toxicity towards human cells. The theoretical biology-based Combination index-isobologram method was used to evaluate the individual and binary effect of these toxins and determine the type of the interaction using as models Caco-2 (intestinal) and HepG2 (hepatic) cells. Cytotoxicity was assessed using the MTT test at the concentrations of 0.625-20 μM for all the compounds. DON exerted the highest toxicity toward both cells, OTA and AFB1 also showed a dose-effect response, whereas no toxicity was verified for FB1. Synergism or antagonism effects occurred when exposing AFB1-DON and AFB1-OTA on Caco-2 cells at higher or lower concentrations, respectively; while DON-OTA showed synergism throughout all inhibition levels. Concerning HepG2, AFB1-DON exerted a strong synergism, regardless of the level; whereas AFB1-OTA had slight synergism/nearly additive effect; and, OTA-DON had a moderate antagonism/nearly additive effect. Synergistic strengths as high as a dose reduction index of 10 for AFB1-DON were observed in hepatic cells. Taken together our findings indicate that the toxicological effects differ regarding the type of mycotoxins used for combinations and the stronger synergistic effect was observed for mixtures containing DON in both cells. Therefore, even though DON has not been classified as to its carcinogenicity to humans, this mycotoxin may present a serious threat to health, mainly when co-occurring in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Madalena C Sobral
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Laboratório de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Miguel A Faria
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Laboratório de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Sara C Cunha
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Laboratório de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Isabel M P L V O Ferreira
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Laboratório de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Pukkasorn P, Ratphitagsanti W, Haruthaitanasan V. Effect of ultra-superheated steam on aflatoxin reduction and roasted peanut properties. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2018; 98:2935-2941. [PMID: 29168184 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aflatoxins are carcinogenic toxins produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus that are found naturally in peanut. It requires extremely high temperatures to eliminate aflatoxins from the nuts. The aims of this study were to investigate the effect of ultra-superheated steam (USS) on the reduction of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1 ) accompanying the roasting process and to determine roasted peanut qualities that affected consumer acceptance. RESULTS Whole peanut kernels were intentionally contaminated by AFB1 standard solution at the level of 50 ± 10 µg kg-1 before subjecting to USS treatment at 300-400 °C between 10 and 80 s. The high temperature of USS could significantly decrease AFB1 level to 9.83 ± 3.51, 15.33 ± 2.23 and 8.95 ± 2.32 µg kg-1 when 300 °C for 80 s, 350 °C for 40 s and 400 °C for 40 s were employed, respectively. AFB1 was reduced as much as 83.86 ± 2.66% when 400 °C for 40 s was applied. The moisture content of treated peanuts was decreased to less than 3% and browning index was developed from 30.96 ± 1.59 to 95.76 ± 7.23. CONCLUSION Higher roasting degree was obtained according to the increase in browning index. Oil quality showed that peroxide values and acid values were greatly below the allowance level. USS could effectively decrease AFB1 and render expectable roasting qualities of peanut. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parawee Pukkasorn
- Department of Product Development, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Ladyaow, Chatuchak, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wannasawat Ratphitagsanti
- Department of Product Development, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Ladyaow, Chatuchak, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vichai Haruthaitanasan
- Department of Product Development, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Ladyaow, Chatuchak, Bangkok, Thailand
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Yokoyama Y, Sasaki Y, Terasaki N, Kawataki T, Takekawa K, Iwase Y, Shimizu T, Sanoh S, Ohta S. Comparison of Drug Metabolism and Its Related Hepatotoxic Effects in HepaRG, Cryopreserved Human Hepatocytes, and HepG2 Cell Cultures. Biol Pharm Bull 2018; 41:722-732. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b17-00913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Yokoyama
- Safety Research Laboratories, Sohyaku Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Yoshifumi Sasaki
- Safety Research Laboratories, Sohyaku Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation
| | - Natsuko Terasaki
- Safety Research Laboratories, Sohyaku Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation
| | - Taku Kawataki
- Safety Research Laboratories, Sohyaku Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation
| | - Koji Takekawa
- Safety Research Laboratories, Sohyaku Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation
| | - Yumiko Iwase
- Safety Research Laboratories, Sohyaku Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation
| | - Toshinobu Shimizu
- Safety Research Laboratories, Sohyaku Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation
| | - Seigo Sanoh
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Shigeru Ohta
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
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Kövesi B, Pelyhe C, Zándoki E, Mézes M, Balogh K. Changes of lipid peroxidation and glutathione redox system, and expression of glutathione peroxidase regulatory genes as effect of short-term aflatoxin B1 exposure in common carp. Toxicon 2018; 144:103-108. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Qiu T, Shen X, Tian Z, Huang R, Li X, Wang J, Wang R, Sun Y, Jiang Y, Lei H, Zhang H. IgY Reduces AFB 1-Induced Cytotoxicity, Cellular Dysfunction, and Genotoxicity in Human L-02 Hepatocytes and Swan 71 Trophoblasts. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:1543-1550. [PMID: 29325416 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b05385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) causes hepatotoxic, genotoxic, and immunotoxic effects in a variety of species. Although various neutralizing agents of AFB1 toxicity have been studied, the egg yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) detoxification of small molecular toxins and the mechanisms underlying such effects have not yet been reported. In this investigation, anti-AFB1 IgY against AFB1 was successfully raised, and a competitive indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was established with a sensitive half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50, 2.4 ng/mL) and dynamic working range (0.13-43.0 ng/mL). The anti-AFB1 IgY obtained reduced AFB1-induced cytotoxicity, cellular dysfunction, and genotoxicity by protecting cells against apoptotic body formation and DNA strand breaks, preventing G2/M phase cell cycle arrest, reducing AFB1-DNA adduct and reactive oxygen species production and maintaining cell migration and invasion and the mitochondrial membrane potential. Anti-AFB1 IgY significantly inhibited the AFB1-induced expression of proteins related to antioxidative, pro-apoptotic, and antiapoptotic processes in a strong dose-dependent manner. These experiments demonstrated that the anti-AFB1 IgY-bound AFB1 could not enter cells. This is the first time that IgY has been found to reduce the effects of small molecular toxins, which will be beneficial for the development of antibodies as detoxication agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taotao Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510642, China
- Public Health Laboratory Sciences and Toxicology, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University , No. 17 People's South Road, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xing Shen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhen Tian
- Public Health Laboratory Sciences and Toxicology, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University , No. 17 People's South Road, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Riming Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiangmei Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Public Health Laboratory Sciences and Toxicology, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University , No. 17 People's South Road, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuanming Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yiguo Jiang
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao , Panyu District, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Hongtao Lei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Huidong Zhang
- Public Health Laboratory Sciences and Toxicology, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University , No. 17 People's South Road, Chengdu 610041, China
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Ghofrani Tabari D, Kermanshahi H, Golian A, Majidzadeh Heravi R. In Vitro Binding Potentials of Bentonite, Yeast Cell Wall and Lactic Acid Bacteria for Aflatoxin B1 and Ochratoxin A. IRANIAN JORNAL OF TOXICOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.29252/arakmu.12.2.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Kim J, Park SH, Do KH, Kim D, Moon Y. Interference with mutagenic aflatoxin B1-induced checkpoints through antagonistic action of ochratoxin A in intestinal cancer cells: a molecular explanation on potential risk of crosstalk between carcinogens. Oncotarget 2018; 7:39627-39639. [PMID: 27119350 PMCID: PMC5129958 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Foodborne aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA) cause genotoxic injury and subsequent tumor formation. As a biomarker of oncogenic stimulation by genotoxic mycotoxins, p53-triggered Mdm2 was assessed in intestinal cancer cells. AFB1 increased Mdm2 reporter expression in a dose-dependent manner. However, this was strongly antagonized by OTA treatment. As a positive transcription factor of Mdm2 expression, p53 levels were also increased by AFB1 alone and reduced by OTA. With marginal cell death responses, AFB1 induced p53-mediated S phase arrest and cell cycle-regulating target genes, which was completely suppressed by OTA. Although enterocyte-dominant CYP3A5 counteracted AFB1-induced DNA damage, expression of CYP3A5 was decreased by OTA or AFB1. Instead, OTA enhanced expression of another metabolic inactivating enzyme CYP3A4, attenuation of formation of AFB1-DNA adduct and p53-mediated cell cycle checking responses to the mutagens. Finally, the growth of intestinal cancer cells exposed to the mycotoxin mixture significantly exceeded the expected growth calculated from that of cells treated with each mycotoxin. Although AFB1-induced mutagen formation was decreased by OTA, interference with checkpoints through antagonistic action of OTA may contribute to the survival of tumor cells with deleterious mutations by genotoxic mycotoxins, potently increasing the risk of carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juil Kim
- Laboratory of Mucosal Exposome and Biomodulation, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Seong-Hwan Park
- Laboratory of Mucosal Exposome and Biomodulation, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Kee Hun Do
- Laboratory of Mucosal Exposome and Biomodulation, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Dongwook Kim
- National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju, South Korea
| | - Yuseok Moon
- Laboratory of Mucosal Exposome and Biomodulation, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, South Korea.,Research Institute for Basic Sciences and Immunoregulatory Therapeutics Group in Brain Busan 21 Project, Pusan, South Korea
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Eraslan G, Sarıca ZS, Bayram LÇ, Tekeli MY, Kanbur M, Karabacak M. The effects of diosmin on aflatoxin-induced liver and kidney damage. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:27931-27941. [PMID: 28988357 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0232-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Aflatoxin is among the natural toxins that cause serious side effects on living things. Diosmin is also one of the compounds with broad pharmacological effects. In this study, the effects on the oxidant/antioxidant system of 50 mg/kg body weight/day dose of diosmin, aflatoxin (500 μg/kg body weight/day), and combined aflatoxin (500 μg/kg body weight/day) plus diosmin (50 mg/kg body weight/day) given to the stomach via catheter female adult Wistar Albino rats is examined. Forty rats were used in the experiment, and these animals were randomly allocated to four equal groups. The test phase lasted 21 days, and blood samples and tissue (liver and kidney) samples were taken after this period was over. Some biochemical parameters (glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, uric acid, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total protein, albumin) and levels of malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, and 4-hydroxynonenal and activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase were analyzed in the samples. The aflatoxin administered over the period indicated a significant increase in levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) in all tissues and blood samples. Therewithal, the activity of antioxidant enzymes showed a change in the decreasing direction. Biochemical parameters of the group in which aflatoxin were administered alone changed unfavorably. Parallel effects were also observed in the histopathological findings of this group. The results showed that aflatoxin changed antioxidant/oxidant balance in favor of oxidant and eventually led to lipid peroxidation. Diosmin administration to aflatoxin-treated animals resulted in positive changes in antioxidant enzyme activities while the levels of MDA, NO, and 4-HNE were reduced in all tissues and blood samples examined. Diosmin alleviates the oxidative stress caused by aflatoxin. Similar improvement was observed in biochemical parameters of this group as well as in liver and kidney histopathology. No significant change was observed in the group treated with diosmin alone in terms of the parameters examined and histologic findings. As a result, diosmin may be included in compounds that can be used as a therapeutic and prophylactic agent in the event of the formation of aflatoxin exposure and poisoning in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gökhan Eraslan
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Zeynep Soyer Sarıca
- Experimental Research and Application Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Latife Çakır Bayram
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Muhammet Yasin Tekeli
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Murat Kanbur
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Mürsel Karabacak
- Safiye Çıkrıkçıoğlu Vocational Collage, Department of Animal Health, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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Myndrul V, Viter R, Savchuk M, Koval M, Starodub N, Silamiķelis V, Smyntyna V, Ramanavicius A, Iatsunskyi I. Gold coated porous silicon nanocomposite as a substrate for photoluminescence-based immunosensor suitable for the determination of Aflatoxin B1. Talanta 2017; 175:297-304. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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