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Liu Y, Xue L, Wang Z, Che X, Deng L, Xie W, Guo W. Comparative analysis of element and hormone content in zygotic embryos of Pinus elliottii and P. elliottii × P. caribaea. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 303:154359. [PMID: 39332320 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2024] [Revised: 09/14/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024]
Abstract
Somatic embryogenesis is a crucial method for achieving clonal forestry in conifers. Understanding the development of zygotic embryos is essential not only for enhancing the efficiency and quality of somatic embryogenesis, but also for advancing forestry breeding programs. This study investigated dynamic changes of element and hormone contents during ZE development of Pinus elliottii and its hybrid P. elliottii × P. caribaea. Significant differences in embryo development speed among different clones were observed. Elemental analysis was conducted using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and identified 68 elements, including major, minor, and beneficial elements. In both species, the contents of potassium (K), calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), boron (B) and five beneficial elements decreased during early ZE development, while phosphorus (P) and copper (Cu) increased. Significantly higher levels of K, Ca and Fe at the initial stage, and sulfur (S) and nickel (Ni) decreased at later stages were detected in P. elliottii than in the hybrid. For the other elements, except for very few significant differences at certain stages, most differences between the two species did not reach a significant level. The contents of endogenous hormones were determined and different accumulation patterns were detected in most hormones between the two species, except abscisic acid (ABA) which simultaneously decreased with developments by stage 8. Significant differences were found in indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) contents at most stages between species, while higher levels of total cytokinin (CK) at each stage were detected in the hybrid in comparison with those in P. elliottii. As a result, lower IAA to CK ratios in the hybrid than in P. elliottii. Methyl jasmonate (JA-me) and gibberellin A3 (GA3) contents showed a similar pattern and exhibited an M-shaped fluctuation in the hybrid. Furthermore, JA-me, GA3, gibberellin A4 (GA4) and brassinolide (BR) showed significantly higher levels in the hybrid than in P. elliottii. K-means clustering and correlation analyses were used to explore relationships between elements and hormones during embryo development, revealing complex interplay in both species. These data indicate different requirement in element and hormone contents for embryogenesis and suggest species-specific media composition for each step in somatic embryogenesis. The findings provide insights into their developmental processes and informing future research and applications in somatic embryogenesis and forestry breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Guangdong Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, 510520, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, Guangzhou, 510520, China
| | - Lei Xue
- Guangdong Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, 510520, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, Guangzhou, 510520, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Guangdong Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, 510520, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, Guangzhou, 510520, China
| | - Xiaoliang Che
- Guangdong Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, 510520, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, Guangzhou, 510520, China
| | - Leping Deng
- Taishan Hongling Seed Orchard, Taishan, Guangdong, 529200, China
| | - Wei Xie
- Taishan Hongling Seed Orchard, Taishan, Guangdong, 529200, China
| | - Wenbing Guo
- Guangdong Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, 510520, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, Guangzhou, 510520, China.
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Cai H, Shen Y. Metabolomic and Physiological Analyses Reveal the Effects of Different Storage Conditions on Sinojackia xylocarpa Hu Seeds. Metabolites 2024; 14:503. [PMID: 39330510 PMCID: PMC11434619 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14090503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2024] [Revised: 09/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Sinojackia xylocarpa Hu is a deciduous tree in the Styracaceae family, and it is classified as a Class II endangered plant in China. Seed storage technology is an effective means of conserving germplasm resources, but the effects of different storage conditions on the quality and associated metabolism of S. xylocarpa seeds remain unclear. This study analyzed the physiological and metabolic characteristics of S. xylocarpa seeds under four storage conditions. RESULTS Our findings demonstrate that reducing seed moisture content and storage temperature effectively prolongs storage life. Seeds stored under that condition exhibited higher internal nutrient levels, lower endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) hormone levels, and elevated gibberellic acid (GA3) levels. Additionally, 335 metabolites were identified under four different storage conditions. The analysis indicates that S. xylocarpa seeds extend seed longevity and maintain cellular structural stability mainly by regulating the changes in metabolites related to lipid, amino acid, carbohydrate, and carotenoid metabolic pathways under the storage conditions of a low temperature and low seed moisture. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide new insights at the physiological and metabolic levels into how these storage conditions extend seed longevity while also offering effective storage strategies for preserving the germplasm resources of S. xylocarpa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yongbao Shen
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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Wang L, Zhang Y, Luo D, Hu X, Feng P, Mo Y, Li H, Gong S. Integrated Effects of Soil Moisture on Wheat Hydraulic Properties and Stomatal Regulation. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2263. [PMID: 39204699 PMCID: PMC11359431 DOI: 10.3390/plants13162263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The development of water-saving management relies on understanding the physiological response of crops to soil drought. The coordinated regulation of hydraulics and stomatal conductance in plant water relations has steadily received attention. However, research focusing on grain crops, such as winter wheat, remains limited. In this study, three soil water supply treatments, including high (H), moderate (M), and low (L) soil water contents, were conducted with potted winter wheat. Leaf water potential (Ψleaf), leaf hydraulic conductance (Kleaf), and stomatal conductance (gs), as well as leaf biochemical parameters and stomatal traits were measured. Results showed that, compared to H, predawn leaf water potential (ΨPD) significantly reduced by 48.10% and 47.91%, midday leaf water potential (ΨMD) reduced by 40.71% and 43.20%, Kleaf reduced by 64.80% and 65.61%, and gs reduced by 21.20% and 43.41%, respectively, under M and L conditions. Although gs showed a significant difference between M and L, Ψleaf and Kleaf did not show significant differences between these treatments. The maximum carboxylation rate (Vcmax) and maximum electron transfer rate (Jmax) under L significantly decreased by 23.11% and 28.10%, stomatal density (SD) and stomatal pore area index (SPI) under L on the abaxial side increased by 59.80% and 52.30%, respectively, compared to H. The leaf water potential at 50% hydraulic conduction loss (P50) under L was not significantly reduced. The gs was positively correlated with ΨMD and Kleaf, but it was negatively correlated with abscisic acid (ABA) and SD. A threshold relationship between gs and Kleaf was observed, with rapid and linear reduction in gs occurring only when Kleaf fell below 8.70 mmol m-2 s-1 MPa-1. Our findings demonstrate that wheat leaves adapt stomatal regulation strategies from anisohydric to isohydric in response to reduced soil water content. These results enrich the theory of trade-offs between the carbon assimilation and hydraulic safety in crops and also provide a theoretical basis for water management practices based on stomatal regulation strategies under varying soil water conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
- Department of Irrigation and Drainage, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Yanqun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
- Department of Irrigation and Drainage, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Dandan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
- Department of Irrigation and Drainage, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
- School of Geography and Planning, Jining Normal University, Jining 012000, China
| | - Xinlong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
- Department of Irrigation and Drainage, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Pancen Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
- Department of Irrigation and Drainage, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Yan Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
- Department of Irrigation and Drainage, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
- Department of Irrigation and Drainage, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Shihong Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
- Department of Irrigation and Drainage, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
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Ai Y, Chen Y, Wang N, Li J, Liu J, Shen L, Sun X, Han L, Chao Y. Overexpression of MtIPT gene enhanced drought tolerance and delayed leaf senescence of creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:734. [PMID: 39085786 PMCID: PMC11293197 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05442-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Isopentenyltransferases (IPT) serve as crucial rate-limiting enzyme in cytokinin synthesis, playing a vital role in plant growth, development, and resistance to abiotic stress. RESULTS Compared to the wild type, transgenic creeping bentgrass exhibited a slower growth rate, heightened drought tolerance, and improved shade tolerance attributed to delayed leaf senescence. Additionally, transgenic plants showed significant increases in antioxidant enzyme levels, chlorophyll content, and soluble sugars. Importantly, this study uncovered that overexpression of the MtIPT gene not only significantly enhanced cytokinin and auxin content but also influenced brassinosteroid level. RNA-seq analysis revealed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between transgenic and wild type plants were closely associated with plant hormone signal transduction, steroid biosynthesis, photosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, carotenoid biosynthesis, anthocyanin biosynthesis, oxidation-reduction process, cytokinin metabolism, and wax biosynthesis. And numerous DEGs related to growth, development, and stress tolerance were identified, including cytokinin signal transduction genes (CRE1, B-ARR), antioxidase-related genes (APX2, PEX11, PER1), Photosynthesis-related genes (ATPF1A, PSBQ, PETF), flavonoid synthesis genes (F3H, C12RT1, DFR), wax synthesis gene (MAH1), senescence-associated gene (SAG20), among others. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the MtIPT gene acts as a negative regulator of plant growth and development, while also playing a crucial role in the plant's response to abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Ai
- School of Grassland Science of Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Sports Field and Slope Protection Turf, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, China
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Yinglong Chen
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Ning Wang
- Shenzhen Tidyfield System Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiaxing Li
- School of Grassland Science of Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Sports Field and Slope Protection Turf, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Jinnan Liu
- School of Grassland Science of Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Sports Field and Slope Protection Turf, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Liangying Shen
- School of Grassland Science of Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Sports Field and Slope Protection Turf, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Xinbo Sun
- College of Agronomy, State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation/Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation of Hebei Province, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Liebao Han
- School of Grassland Science of Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Sports Field and Slope Protection Turf, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, China.
| | - Yuehui Chao
- School of Grassland Science of Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Sports Field and Slope Protection Turf, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, China.
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Zhou J, Die P, Zhang S, Han X, Wang C, Wang P. Overexpression of RpKTI2 from Robinia pseudoacacia Affects the Photosynthetic Physiology and Endogenous Hormones of Tobacco. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1867. [PMID: 38999707 PMCID: PMC11243900 DOI: 10.3390/plants13131867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Kunitz trypsin inhibitor genes play important roles in stress resistance. In this study, we investigated RpKTI2 cloned from Robinia pseudoacacia and its effect on tobacco. RpKTI2 was introduced into the tobacco cultivar NC89 using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Six RpKTI2-overexpressing lines were obtained. Transgenic and wild-type tobacco plants were then compared for photosynthetic characteristics and endogenous hormone levels. Transgenic tobacco showed minor changes in chlorophyll content, fluorescence, and photosynthetic functions. However, the maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) increased significantly while intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) decreased significantly. Stomatal size and hormone content (indole-3-acetic acid, zeatin riboside, gibberellin, and indole-3-propionic acid) were reduced, while brassinosteroid content increased. Random forest regression revealed that RpKTI2 overexpression had the biggest impact on carotenoid content, initial fluorescence, Ci, stomatal area, and indole-3-acetic acid. Overall, RpKTI2 overexpression minimally affected chlorophyll synthesis and photosynthetic system characteristics but influenced stomatal development and likely enhanced the antioxidant capacity of tobacco. These findings provide a basis for future in-depth research on RpKTI2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhou
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (P.D.); (S.Z.); (X.H.); (C.W.); (P.W.)
- Henan Province Engineering Center of Horticulture Plant Resource Utilization and Germplasm Enhancement, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Pengxiang Die
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (P.D.); (S.Z.); (X.H.); (C.W.); (P.W.)
| | - Songyan Zhang
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (P.D.); (S.Z.); (X.H.); (C.W.); (P.W.)
| | - Xiaoya Han
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (P.D.); (S.Z.); (X.H.); (C.W.); (P.W.)
| | - Chenguang Wang
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (P.D.); (S.Z.); (X.H.); (C.W.); (P.W.)
| | - Peipei Wang
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (P.D.); (S.Z.); (X.H.); (C.W.); (P.W.)
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Liu J, Carriquí M, Xiong D, Kang S. Influence of IAA and ABA on maize stem vessel diameter and stress resistance in variable environments. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14443. [PMID: 39039017 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
The plasticity of the xylem and its associated hydraulic properties play crucial roles in plant acclimation to environmental changes, with vessel diameter (Dv) being the most functionally prominent trait. While the effects of external environmental factors on xylem formation and Dv are not fully understood, the endogenous hormones indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and abscisic acid (ABA) are known to play significant signalling roles under stress conditions. This study investigates how these hormones impact Dv under various environmental changes. Experiments were conducted in maize plants subjected to drought, soil salinity, and high CO2 concentration treatments. We found that drought and soil salinity significantly reduced Dv at the same stem internode, while an elevated CO2 concentration can mitigate this decrease in Dv. Remarkably, significant negative correlations were observed between Dv and the contents of IAA and ABA when considering the different treatments. Moreover, appropriate foliar application of either IAA or ABA on well-watered and stressed plants led to a decrease in Dv, while the application of corresponding inhibitors resulted in an increase in Dv. This finding underscores the causal relationship between Dv and the levels of both IAA and ABA, offering a promising approach to manipulating xylem vessel size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junzhou Liu
- Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station on Efficient Water Use of Oasis Agriculture in Wuwei of Gansu Province, Wuwei, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Marc Carriquí
- Research Group in Plant Biology under Mediterranean Conditions, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma, Spain
| | - Dongliang Xiong
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaozhong Kang
- Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station on Efficient Water Use of Oasis Agriculture in Wuwei of Gansu Province, Wuwei, China
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Du YX, Dong JM, Liu HX, Fu XM, Guo J, Lai XP, Liu HM, Yang D, Yang HX, Zhou XY, Mao JM, Chen M, Zhang JZ, Yue JQ, Li J. Transcription-related metabolic regulation in grafted lemon seedlings under magnesium deficiency stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 210:108615. [PMID: 38631158 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Magnesium is one of the essential nutrients for plant growth, and plays a pivotal role in plant development and metabolism. Soil magnesium deficiency is evident in citrus production, which ultimately leads to failure of normal plant growth and development, as well as decreased productivity. Citrus is mainly propagated by grafting, so it is necessary to fully understand the different regulatory mechanisms of rootstock and scion response to magnesium deficiency. Here, we characterized the differences in morphological alterations, physiological metabolism and differential gene expression between trifoliate orange rootstocks and lemon scions under normal and magnesium-deficient conditions, revealing the different responses of rootstocks and scions to magnesium deficiency. The transcriptomic data showed that differentially expressed genes were enriched in 14 and 4 metabolic pathways in leaves and roots, respectively, after magnesium deficiency treatment. And the magnesium transport-related genes MHX and MRS2 may respond to magnesium deficiency stress. In addition, magnesium deficiency may affect plant growth by affecting POD, SOD, and CAT enzyme activity, as well as altering the levels of hormones such as IAA, ABA, GA3, JA, and SA, and the expression of related responsive genes. In conclusion, our research suggests that the leaves of lemon grafted onto trifoliate orange were more significantly affected than the roots under magnesium-deficient conditions, further indicating that the metabolic imbalance of scion lemon leaves was more severe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xia Du
- Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baoshan, 678000, China
| | - Jian-Mei Dong
- Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baoshan, 678000, China
| | - Hang-Xiu Liu
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Xiao-Men Fu
- Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baoshan, 678000, China
| | - Jun Guo
- Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baoshan, 678000, China
| | - Xin-Pu Lai
- Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baoshan, 678000, China
| | - Hong-Ming Liu
- Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baoshan, 678000, China
| | - Di Yang
- Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baoshan, 678000, China
| | - Hong-Xia Yang
- Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baoshan, 678000, China
| | - Xian-Yan Zhou
- Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baoshan, 678000, China
| | - Jia-Mei Mao
- Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baoshan, 678000, China
| | - Min Chen
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jin-Zhi Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Jian-Qiang Yue
- Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baoshan, 678000, China
| | - Jing Li
- Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baoshan, 678000, China.
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Meng F, Zheng X, Wang J, Qiu T, Yang Q, Fang K, Bhadauria V, Peng Y, Zhao W. The GRAS protein OsDLA involves in brassinosteroid signalling and positively regulates blast resistance by forming a module with GSK2 and OsWRKY53 in rice. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024; 22:363-378. [PMID: 37794842 PMCID: PMC10826986 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) play a crucial role in shaping the architecture of rice (Oryza sativa) plants. However, the regulatory mechanism of BR signalling in rice immunity remains largely unexplored. Here we identify a rice mutant dla, which exhibits decreased leaf angles and is insensitive to 24-epiBL (a highly active synthetic BR), resembling the BR-deficient phenotype. The dla mutation caused by a T-DNA insertion in the OsDLA gene leads to downregulation of the causative gene. The OsDLA knockout plants display reduced leaf angles and less sensitivity to 24-epiBL. In addition, both dla mutant and OsDLA knockout plants are more susceptible to rice blast compared to the wild type. OsDLA is a GRAS transcription factor and interacts with the BR signalling core negative regulator, GSK2. GSK2 phosphorylates OsDLA for degradation via the 26S proteasome. The GSK2 RNAi line exhibits enhanced rice blast resistance, while the overexpression lines thereof show susceptibility to rice blast. Furthermore, we show that OsDLA interacts with and stabilizes the WRKY transcription factor OsWRKY53, which has been demonstrated to positively regulate BR signalling and blast resistance. OsWRKY53 directly binds the promoter of PBZ1 and activates its expression, and this activation can be enhanced by OsDLA. Together, our findings unravel a novel mechanism whereby the GSK2-OsDLA-OsWRKY53 module coordinates blast resistance and plant architecture via BR signalling in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanwei Meng
- MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, Department of Plant BiosecurityChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xunmei Zheng
- MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, Department of Plant BiosecurityChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jia Wang
- MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, Department of Plant BiosecurityChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Tiancheng Qiu
- MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, Department of Plant BiosecurityChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Qingya Yang
- MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, Department of Plant BiosecurityChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Kexing Fang
- MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, Department of Plant BiosecurityChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Vijai Bhadauria
- MARA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, Department of Plant PathologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - You‐Liang Peng
- MARA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, Department of Plant PathologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Wensheng Zhao
- MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, Department of Plant BiosecurityChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural UniversitySanyaChina
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Liang Y, Wei F, Qin S, Li M, Hu Y, Lin Y, Wei G, Wei K, Miao J, Zhang Z. Sophora tonkinensis: response and adaptation of physiological characteristics, functional traits, and secondary metabolites to drought stress. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2023; 25:1109-1120. [PMID: 37815250 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
The medicinal plant Sophora tonkinensis is a characteristic Chinese shrub of karst areas. The arid climate in karst areas produces high-quality S. tonkinensis; however, the mechanisms of drought tolerance are not clear, which restricts sustainable plantings of S. tonkinensis. This study involved a 20-day drought stress experiment with potted S. tonkinensis and threee soil water regimes: control (CK), mild drought (MDT), and severe drought (SDT). Plant morphology, biomass, physiological indicators, alkaloid content, and other changes under drought stress were monitored. The content of soluble sugars and proteins, and activity of antioxidant enzymes in leaves and roots were higher under drought than CK, indicating that S. tonkinensis is tolerant to osmotic stress in early drought stages. Content of matrine and oxymatrine increased gradually with increasing drought duration in the short term. The epidermis of S. tonkinensis leaves have characteristics of desert plants, including upper epidermal waxy layer, lower epidermal villi, and relatively sunken stomata, suggesting that S. tonkinensis has strong drought tolerance. In conclusion, drought stress changed the cell structure of S. tonkinensis, induced antioxidant enzyme activity and increased its resistance to drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Liang
- National Center for TCM Inheritance and Innovation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - F Wei
- National Center for TCM Inheritance and Innovation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - S Qin
- National Center for TCM Inheritance and Innovation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - M Li
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Y Hu
- National Center for TCM Inheritance and Innovation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - Y Lin
- National Center for TCM Inheritance and Innovation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - G Wei
- National Center for TCM Inheritance and Innovation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - K Wei
- National Center for TCM Inheritance and Innovation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - J Miao
- National Center for TCM Inheritance and Innovation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - Z Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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10
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Zhang X, Wu Y, Wang X, Wang W, Huang M, Ma Z, Peng J. Ring Stripping, Ring Cutting, and Growth Regulators Promote Phase Change and Early Flowering in Pear Seedlings. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2933. [PMID: 37631145 PMCID: PMC10458443 DOI: 10.3390/plants12162933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid breeding is the most important means of selecting pear (Pyrus) varieties, but a long juvenile period severely restricts the selection of new varieties. In this study, we used 'Yuluxiang' × 'Akituki' 4-year-old seedling trees to study the effects of plant growth regulators, ring stripping, and ring cutting on the promotion of phase change and flowering to assist in shortening the breeding cycle. A single application of 100 mg/kg 6-BA + 1000 mg/kg PP333 was most effective in promoting phase change and flowering. This treatment effectively inhibited the growth and thickening of annual shoots, significantly increased soluble sugar and protein contents in buds, increased the ABA content by 45.41%, decreased the IAA content by 7.35%, increased the expression of the flower-promoting genes FT and LFY by 2273.41% and 1153.71%, respectively, and decreased the expression of the flower-suppressing gene TFL1 by 74.92%. The flowering plant rate increased by 23.34% compared to the control. Both ring stripping and ring cutting were effective in promoting phase change and flowering, significantly increasing the flowering rate, inflorescence number, and the number of flowering plants. For improving the flowering rate, the ring-stripping treatment had the strongest effect and effectively inhibited the growth and thickening of annual shoots, while also significantly increasing the soluble sugar and protein contents in buds, reducing the contents of IAA and GA3 by 8.73% and 50.12%, respectively, increasing the expression of FT and LFY by 80.01% and 821.14%, respectively, and reducing the expression of the flower-suppressing gene TFL1 by 59.22%. In conclusion, ring stripping, ring cutting, and spraying of 100 mg/kg 6-BA + 1000 mg/kg PP333 were effective in promoting phase change and early flowering in seedling trees.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jianying Peng
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China; (X.Z.)
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11
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Wang H, Liu S, Ma S, Wang Y, Yang H, Liu J, Li M, Cui X, Liang S, Cheng Q, Shen H. Characterization of the Molecular Events Underlying the Establishment of Axillary Meristem Region in Pepper. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12718. [PMID: 37628899 PMCID: PMC10454251 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant architecture is a major motif of plant diversity, and shoot branching patterns primarily determine the aerial architecture of plants. In this study, we identified an inbred pepper line with fewer lateral branches, 20C1734, which was free of lateral branches at the middle and upper nodes of the main stem with smooth and flat leaf axils. Successive leaf axil sections confirmed that in normal pepper plants, for either node n, Pn (Primordium n) < 1 cm and Pn+1 < 1 cm were the critical periods between the identification of axillary meristems and the establishment of the region, whereas Pn+3 < 1 cm was fully developed and formed a completely new organ. In 20C1734, the normal axillary meristematic tissue region establishment and meristematic cell identity confirmation could not be performed on the axils without axillary buds. Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed that "auxin-activated signaling pathway", "response to auxin", "response to abscisic acid", "auxin biosynthetic process", and the biosynthesis of the terms/pathways, such as "secondary metabolites", were differentially enriched in different types of leaf axils at critical periods of axillary meristem development. The accuracy of RNA-seq was verified using RT-PCR for some genes in the pathway. Several differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to endogenous phytohormones were targeted, including several genes of the PINs family. The endogenous hormone assay showed extremely high levels of IAA and ABA in leaf axils without axillary buds. ABA content in particular was unusually high. At the same time, there is no regular change in IAA level in this type of leaf axils (normal leaf axils will be accompanied by AM formation and IAA content will be low). Based on this, we speculated that the contents of endogenous hormones IAA and ABA in 20C1734 plant increased sharply, which led to the abnormal expression of genes in related pathways, which affected the formation of Ams in leaf axils in the middle and late vegetative growth period, and finally, nodes without axillary buds and side branches appeared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Wang
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.W.); (S.L.); (S.M.); (Y.W.); (H.Y.); (J.L.); (M.L.); (X.C.); (S.L.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Sujun Liu
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.W.); (S.L.); (S.M.); (Y.W.); (H.Y.); (J.L.); (M.L.); (X.C.); (S.L.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shijie Ma
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.W.); (S.L.); (S.M.); (Y.W.); (H.Y.); (J.L.); (M.L.); (X.C.); (S.L.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.W.); (S.L.); (S.M.); (Y.W.); (H.Y.); (J.L.); (M.L.); (X.C.); (S.L.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hanyu Yang
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.W.); (S.L.); (S.M.); (Y.W.); (H.Y.); (J.L.); (M.L.); (X.C.); (S.L.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jiankun Liu
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.W.); (S.L.); (S.M.); (Y.W.); (H.Y.); (J.L.); (M.L.); (X.C.); (S.L.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Mingxuan Li
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.W.); (S.L.); (S.M.); (Y.W.); (H.Y.); (J.L.); (M.L.); (X.C.); (S.L.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiangyun Cui
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.W.); (S.L.); (S.M.); (Y.W.); (H.Y.); (J.L.); (M.L.); (X.C.); (S.L.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Sun Liang
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.W.); (S.L.); (S.M.); (Y.W.); (H.Y.); (J.L.); (M.L.); (X.C.); (S.L.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Sanya Institute, China Agricultural University, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Qing Cheng
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.W.); (S.L.); (S.M.); (Y.W.); (H.Y.); (J.L.); (M.L.); (X.C.); (S.L.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Sanya Institute, China Agricultural University, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Huolin Shen
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.W.); (S.L.); (S.M.); (Y.W.); (H.Y.); (J.L.); (M.L.); (X.C.); (S.L.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Sanya Institute, China Agricultural University, Sanya 572025, China
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12
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Peng C, Wu Y, Cai H, Hu Y, Huang W, Shen Y, Yang H. Methodological and physiological study of seed dormancy release in Tilia henryana. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 287:154046. [PMID: 37390779 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.154046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Tilia henryana is a rare tree of the Tilia family, found exclusively in China. Its seeds have severe dormancy features that limit its normal conditions of reproduction and renewal. Its seeds have severe dormant characteristics that limit its normal conditions of reproduction and renewal. The Dormancy in T. henryana seeds is a comprehensive dormancy (PY + PD) caused by mechanical and permeability barriers of seed coat and the presence of germination inhibitor in endosperm. L9 (34) orthogonal test was used to determine the best procedure for releasing the dormancy of T. henryana seeds, that is, first treating the seeds with H2SO4 for 15 min, followed by the application of 1 g L-1 GA3, stratification at 5 °C for 45 days, and finally germination at 20 °C, which can achieve a 98% seed germination rate. Large amounts of fat are consumed throughout the dormancy release process. As quantities of protein and starch marginally increase, soluble sugars are continuously decreased. Acid phosphatase and amylase activities increased rapidly, and the combined enzyme activities of G-6-PDH and 6-PGDH related to the PPP were also significantly increased. The levels of GA and ZR continued to increase, while the levels of ABA and IAA gradually decreased, among which GA and ABA changed most rapidly. The total amino acids content continued to decrease. Asp, Cys, Leu, Phe, His, Lys and Arg decreased with dormancy release, while Ser, Glu, Ala, Ile, Pro and Gaba showed an upward trend. The physical dormancy of T. henryana seeds is broken with H2SO4 in order to make the seed coat more permeable, which is a prerequisite for germination. As a result, the seeds can absorb water and engage in physiological metabolic activities, particularly the hydrolysis and metabolism of fat, which supply a significant amount of energy for dormancy release. In addition, rapid variations in the levels of different endogenous hormones and free amino acids, induced by cold stratification and GA3 application, are another important factor promoting the quick physiological activation of seeds and breaking the endosperm barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- ChenYin Peng
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, PR China; Co-innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Southern Tree Inspection Center National Forestry Administration, 159 Longpan Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, PR China
| | - Yu Wu
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, PR China; Co-innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Southern Tree Inspection Center National Forestry Administration, 159 Longpan Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, PR China
| | - Hao Cai
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, PR China
| | - YaMei Hu
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, PR China
| | - WenHui Huang
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, PR China
| | - YongBao Shen
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, PR China; Co-innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Southern Tree Inspection Center National Forestry Administration, 159 Longpan Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, PR China.
| | - Hui Yang
- Myddelton College, Denbigh, LL16 3EN, United Kingdom
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13
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Ying Y, Cui X, Li H, Pan L, Luo T, Cao Z, Wang J. Development of Magnetic Lateral Flow and Direct Competitive Immunoassays for Sensitive and Specific Detection of Halosulfuron-Methyl Using a Novel Hapten and Monoclonal Antibody. Foods 2023; 12:2764. [PMID: 37509857 PMCID: PMC10378753 DOI: 10.3390/foods12142764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Halosulfuron-methyl (HM) is widely used for the removal of noxious weeds in corn, sugarcane, wheat, rice, and tomato fields. Despite its high efficiency and low toxicity, drift to nontarget crops and leaching of its metabolites to groundwater pose potential risks. Considering the instability of HM, the pyrazole sulfonamide of HM was used to generate a hapten and antigen to raise a high-quality monoclonal antibody (Mab, designated 1A91H11) against HM. A direct competitive immunoassay (dcELISA) using Mab 1A91H11 achieved a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 1.5 × 10-3 mg/kg and a linear range of 0.7 × 10-3 mg/kg-10.7 × 10-3 mg/kg, which was 10 times more sensitive than a comparable indirect competitive ELISA (icELISA) and more simple to operate. A spiking recovery experiment performed in tomato and maize matrices with 0.01, 0.05, and 0.1 mg/kg HM had average recoveries within 78.9-87.9% and 103.0-107.4% and coefficients of variation from 1.1-6.8% and 2.7-6.4% in tomato and maize, respectively. In addition, a magnetic lateral flow immunoassay (MLFIA) was developed for quantitative detection of low concentrations of HM in paddy water. Compared with dcELISA, the MLFIA exhibited 3.3- to 50-fold higher sensitivity (IC50 0.21 × 10-3 mg/kg). The average recovery and RSD of the developed MLFIA ranged from 81.5 to 92.5% and 5.4 to 9.7%. The results of this study demonstrated that the developed dcELISA and MLFIA are suitable for rapid detection of HM residues in tomato and maize matrices and paddy water, respectively, with acceptable accuracy and precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ying
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xueyan Cui
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hui Li
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Lingyi Pan
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ting Luo
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhen Cao
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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14
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Zhao X, Ma K, Li Z, Li W, Zhang X, Liu S, Meng R, Lu B, Li X, Ren J, Zhang L, Yuan X. Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Brassinolide Signaling Pathway Control of Foxtail Millet Seedling Starch and Sucrose Metabolism under Freezing Stress, with Implications for Growth and Development. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11590. [PMID: 37511348 PMCID: PMC10380969 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-temperature stress limits the growth and development of foxtail millet. Freezing stress caused by sudden temperature drops, such as late-spring coldness, often occurs in the seedling stage of foxtail millet. However, the ability and coping strategies of foxtail millet to cope with such stress are not clear. In the present study, we analyzed the self-regulatory mechanisms of freezing stress in foxtail millet. We conducted a physiological study on foxtail millet leaves at -4 °C for seven different durations (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 h). Longer freezing time increased cell-membrane damage, relative conductance, and malondialdehyde content. This led to osmotic stress in the leaves, which triggered an increase in free proline, soluble sugar, and soluble protein contents. The increases in these substances helped to reduce the damage caused by stress. The activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) content. The optimal time point for the response to freezing stress was 8 h after exposure. The transcriptome analysis of samples held for 8 h at -4 °C revealed 6862 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), among which the majority are implicated in various pathways, including the starch and sucrose metabolic pathways, antioxidant enzyme pathways, brassinolide (BR) signaling pathway, and transcription factors, according to Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment. We investigated possible crosstalk between BR signals and other pathways and found that BR signaling molecules were induced in response to freezing stress. The beta-amylase (BAM) starch hydrolase signal was enhanced by the BR signal, resulting in the accelerated degradation of starch and the formation of sugars, which served as emerging ROS scavengers and osmoregulators to resist freezing stress. In conclusion, crosstalk between BR signal transduction, and both starch and sucrose metabolism under freezing stress provides a new perspective for improving freezing resistance in foxtail millet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiatong Zhao
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Ke Ma
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Zhong Li
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Weidong Li
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Shaoguang Liu
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Ru Meng
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Boyu Lu
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Xiaorui Li
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Jianhong Ren
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Liguang Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Xiangyang Yuan
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Jinzhong 030801, China
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15
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Hirayama T, Mochida K. Plant Hormonomics: A Key Tool for Deep Physiological Phenotyping to Improve Crop Productivity. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 63:1826-1839. [PMID: 35583356 PMCID: PMC9885943 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcac067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Agriculture is particularly vulnerable to climate change. To cope with the risks posed by climate-related stressors to agricultural production, global population growth, and changes in food preferences, it is imperative to develop new climate-smart crop varieties with increased yield and environmental resilience. Molecular genetics and genomic analyses have revealed that allelic variations in genes involved in phytohormone-mediated growth regulation have greatly improved productivity in major crops. Plant science has remarkably advanced our understanding of the molecular basis of various phytohormone-mediated events in plant life. These findings provide essential information for improving the productivity of crops growing in changing climates. In this review, we highlight the recent advances in plant hormonomics (multiple phytohormone profiling) and discuss its application to crop improvement. We present plant hormonomics as a key tool for deep physiological phenotyping, focusing on representative plant growth regulators associated with the improvement of crop productivity. Specifically, we review advanced methodologies in plant hormonomics, highlighting mass spectrometry- and nanosensor-based plant hormone profiling techniques. We also discuss the applications of plant hormonomics in crop improvement through breeding and agricultural management practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Hirayama
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, 2-20-1 Chuo, Kurashiki, Okayama, 710-0046 Japan
| | - Keiichi Mochida
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Suehirocho, Tsurumiku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045 Japan
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, 641-12 Maiokacho, Totsukaku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 244-0813 Japan
- School of Information and Data Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki, 852-8521 Japan
- RIKEN Baton Zone Program, RIKEN Cluster for Science, Technology and Innovation Hub, 1-7-22 Suehirocho, Tsurumiku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045 Japan
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16
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Li Z, Lian Y, Gong P, Song L, Hu J, Pang H, Ren Y, Xin Z, Wang Z, Lin T. Network of the transcriptome and metabolomics reveals a novel regulation of drought resistance during germination in wheat. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2022; 130:717-735. [PMID: 35972226 PMCID: PMC9670757 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcac102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The North China Plain, the highest winter-wheat-producing region of China, is seriously threatened by drought. Traditional irrigation wastes a significant amount of water during the sowing season. Therefore, it is necessary to study the drought resistance of wheat during germination to maintain agricultural ecological security. From several main cultivars in the North China Plain, we screened the drought-resistant cultivar JM47 and drought-sensitive cultivar AK58 during germination using the polyethylene glycol (PEG) drought simulation method. An integrated analysis of the transcriptome and metabolomics was performed to understand the regulatory networks related to drought resistance in wheat germination and verify key regulatory genes. METHODS Transcriptional and metabolic changes were investigated using statistical analyses and gene-metabolite correlation networks. Transcript and metabolite profiles were obtained through high-throughput RNA-sequencing data analysis and ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry, respectively. KEY RESULTS A total of 8083 and 2911 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 173 and 148 differential metabolites were identified in AK58 and JM47, respectively, under drought stress. According to the integrated analysis results, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling was prominently enriched in JM47. A decrease in α-linolenic acid content was consistent with the performance of DEGs involved in jasmonic acid biosynthesis in the two cultivars under drought stress. Abscisic acid (ABA) content decreased more in JM47 than in AK58, and linoleic acid content decreased in AK58 but increased in JM47. α-Tocotrienol was upregulated and strongly correlated with α-linolenic acid metabolism. CONCLUSIONS The DEGs that participated in the mTOR and α-linolenic acid metabolism pathways were considered candidate DEGs related to drought resistance and the key metabolites α-tocotrienol, linoleic acid and l-leucine, which could trigger a comprehensive and systemic effect on drought resistance during germination by activating mTOR-ABA signalling and the interaction of various hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongzhen Li
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanhao Lian
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Pu Gong
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Linhu Song
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junjie Hu
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haifang Pang
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yongzhe Ren
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zeyu Xin
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tongbao Lin
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
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Zhang M, Chen X, Zhao Y, Zhang J, He Q, Qian J, Tan G, Liu W, Yang X, Wang B. Quantification of six types of cytokinins: Integration of an ultra-performance liquid chromatographic-electrospray tandem mass spectrometric method with antibody based immunoaffinity columns equally recognizing cytokinins in free base and nucleoside forms. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1682:463497. [PMID: 36166882 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cytokinins (CTKs) exist in various types in plants. The accurate quantification of free base and nucleoside types of cytokinins are helpful for better understanding their physiological role. In the present study, antibodies against trans-zeatin riboside (tZR) and N6-isopentenyladenine riboside (iPR) antibodies with equal recognition to free base and nucleoside cytokinins were developed. The cross-reactivity of tZR mAb 3G101G7 with tZR, trans-zeatin (tZ), dihydrozeatin riboside (DHZR), dihydrozeatin (DHZ), iPR, and N6-isopentenyladenine (iP) was 100.0%, 95.7%, 19.1%, 18.0%, 1.1%, and 0.7%, and that of iPR mAb 5C82F1 with above-mentioned 6 types of cytokinins was 1.5%, 1.4%, 5.7%, 3.1%, 100.0% and 92.6%, respectively. The obtained antibodies were used to prepare two immunoaffinity columns (IAC). The elution efficiencies of tZR 3G101G7-IAC for tZ and tZR, DHZ and DHZR and of iPR 5C82F1-IAC for iP and iPR were almost no difference with the same loading amount on their corresponding IACs. Subsequently, six types of cytokinins in mepiquat chloride (MC)-treated cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) roots were determined by IACs combined with ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS). The contents of tZR, iPR and DHZR were increased by 9.3∼38.5%, 6.6∼23.5%, and 30.1∼110.0%, respectively, whereas those of tZ and iP were reduced by 5.3∼20.0% and 27.7∼32.1%, respectively. The decreased tZ and iP levels led to the ratio of auxin-to-active cytokinins increase to promote lateral root initiation in MC-treated cotton seeding. Integration of the IACs equally recognizing cytokinins in their free base and nucleoside forms with UPLC-ESI-MS/MS can accurately quantify different cytokinins in plant tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Zhang
- College of Agronomy, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajie Zhao
- College of Agronomy, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- College of Agronomy, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingqing He
- College of Agronomy, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingqi Qian
- College of Agronomy, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Guiyu Tan
- College of Agronomy, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Agronomy, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoling Yang
- College of Agronomy, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China.
| | - Baomin Wang
- College of Agronomy, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China.
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Expression of a Hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA Shikimate/Quinate Hydroxycinnamoyl Transferase 4 Gene from Zoysia japonica ( ZjHCT4) Causes Excessive Elongation and Lignin Composition Changes in Agrostis stolonifera. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169500. [PMID: 36012757 PMCID: PMC9408870 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA shikimate/quinate hydroxycinnamoyl transferase (HCT) is considered to be an essential enzyme for regulating the biosynthesis and composition of lignin. To investigate the properties and function of ZjHCT4, the ZjHCT4 gene was cloned from Zoysia japonica with a completed coding sequence of 1284-bp in length, encoding 428 amino acids. The ZjHCT4 gene promoter has several methyl jasmonate (MeJA) response elements. According to analysis of expression patterns, it was up-regulated by MeJA, GA3 (Gibberellin), and SA (Salicylic acid), and down-regulated by ABA (Abscisic acid). Ectopic ZjHCT4 expression in creeping bentgrass causes excessive plant elongation. In addition, the content of G-lingnin and H-lingnin fell in transgenic plants, whereas the level of S-lingnin increased, resulting in a considerable rise in the S/G unit ratio. Analysis of the expression levels of lignin-related genes revealed that the ectopic expression of ZjHCT4 altered the expression levels of a number of genes involved in the lignin synthesis pathway. Simultaneously, MeJA, SA, GA3, IAA, BR (Brassinosteroid), and other hormones were dramatically enhanced in transgenic plants relative to control plants, whereas ABA concentration was significantly decreased. Expression of ZjHCT4 impacted lignin composition and plant growth via altering the phenylpropionic acid metabolic pathway and hormone response, as revealed by transcriptome analysis. HCTs may influence plant lignin composition and plant development by altering hormone content. These findings contributed to a deeper comprehension of the lignin synthesis pathway and set the stage for further investigation and application of the HCTs gene.
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Gu H, Ding W, Shi T, Ouyang Q, Yang X, Yue Y, Wang L. Integrated transcriptome and endogenous hormone analysis provides new insights into callus proliferation in Osmanthus fragrans. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7609. [PMID: 35534621 PMCID: PMC9085794 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11801-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Osmanthus fragrans is an important evergreen species with both medicinal and ornamental value in China. Given the low efficiency of callus proliferation and the difficulty of adventitious bud differentiation, tissue culture and regeneration systems have not been successfully established for this species. To understand the mechanism of callus proliferation, transcriptome sequencing and endogenous hormone content determination were performed from the initial growth stages to the early stages of senescence on O. fragrans calli. In total, 47,340 genes were identified by transcriptome sequencing, including 1798 previously unidentified genes specifically involved in callus development. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was significantly enriched in plant hormone signal transduction pathways. Furthermore, our results from the orthogonal projections to latent structures discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA) of six typical hormones in five development stages of O. fragrans calli showed jasmonic acid (JA) could play important role in the initial stages of calli growth, whereas JA and auxin (IAA) were dominant in the early stages of calli senescence. Based on the weighted gene co-expression network analysis, OfSRC2, OfPP2CD5 and OfARR1, OfPYL3, OfEIL3b were selected as hub genes from the modules with the significant relevance to JA and IAA respectively. The gene regulation network and quantitative real-time PCR implied that during the initial stages of callus growth, the transcription factors (TFs) OfERF4 and OfMYC2a could down-regulate the expression of hub genes OfSRC2 and OfPP2CD5, resulting in decreased JA content and rapid callus growth; during the late stage of callus growth, the TFs OfERF4, OfMYC2a and OfTGA21c, OfHSFA1 could positively regulate the expression of hub genes OfSRC2, OfPP2CD5 and OfARR1, OfPYL3, OfEIL3b, respectively, leading to increased JA and IAA contents and inducing the senescence of O. fragrans calli. Hopefully, our results could provide new insights into the molecular mechanism of the proliferation of O. fragrans calli.
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20
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Hai X, Mi J, Zhao B, Zhang B, Zhao Z, Liu J. Foliar Application of Spermidine Reduced the Negative Effects of Salt Stress on Oat Seedlings. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:846280. [PMID: 35519821 PMCID: PMC9062738 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.846280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The effects of foliar application of spermidine (Spd) on the physiological aspects of salt-stressed oat seedlings were studied under greenhouse conditions. At the seedling stage, the salt-sensitive variety, namely, Caoyou 1 and the salt-tolerant variety, namely, Baiyan 2 were treated with 70 and 100 mM of salt, followed by the foliar application of 0.75 mM Spd or distilled water. Results showed that Spd application increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and reduced the rate of O2 ⋅- production and the accumulation of H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA). In addition, it increased the level of zeatin riboside (ZR) and the content of endogenous polyamines. The application of Spd increased the contents of soluble sugar, soluble protein, and free proline and helped maintain the osmotic balance of oat leaves. At the same time, foliar Spd treatment helped in maintaining the ion nutrition balance. Specifically, it reduced the content of Na+ and thereby stabilized the ratio of Na+/K+, Na+/Ca2+, and Na+/Mg2+. The effects of Spd application were more obvious for the salt-sensitive cultivar Caoyou 1 and under the lighter 70 mM salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Hai
- Science Innovation Team of Oats, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Junzhen Mi
- Science Innovation Team of Oats, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Baoping Zhao
- Science Innovation Team of Oats, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Biru Zhang
- Science Innovation Team of Oats, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Zhou Zhao
- College of Life Science, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
| | - Jinghui Liu
- Science Innovation Team of Oats, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
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21
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Li F, Wu Q, Liao B, Yu K, Huo Y, Meng L, Wang S, Wang B, Du M, Tian X, Li Z. Thidiazuron Promotes Leaf Abscission by Regulating the Crosstalk Complexities between Ethylene, Auxin, and Cytokinin in Cotton. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052696. [PMID: 35269837 PMCID: PMC8910847 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Thidiazuron (TDZ) is widely used as a defoliant to induce leaf abscission in cotton. However, the underlying molecular mechanism is still unclear. In this study, RNA-seq and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were performed to reveal the dynamic transcriptome profiling and the change of endogenous phytohormones upon TDZ treatment in leaf, petiole, and abscission zone (AZ). We found that TDZ induced the gene expression of ethylene biosynthesis and signal, and promoted ethylene accumulation earlier in leaf than that in AZ. While TDZ down-regulated indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) biosynthesis genes mainly in leaf and IAA signal and transport genes. Furthermore, the IAA content reduced more sharply in the leaf than that in AZ to change the auxin gradient for abscission. TDZ suppressed CTK biosynthesis genes and induced CTK metabolic genes to reduce the IPA accumulation for the reduction of ethylene sensitivity. Furthermore, TDZ regulated the gene expression of abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis and signal and induced ABA accumulation between 12-48 h, which could up-regulate ABA response factor genes and inhibit IAA transporter genes. Our data suggest that TDZ orchestrates metabolism and signal of ethylene, auxin, and cytokinin, and also the transport of auxin in leaf, petiole, and AZ, to control leaf abscission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangjun Li
- Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (F.L.); (B.L.); (K.Y.); (Y.H.); (L.M.); (S.W.); (B.W.); (X.T.); (Z.L.)
| | - Qian Wu
- Institute of Agricultural Information, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China;
| | - Baopeng Liao
- Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (F.L.); (B.L.); (K.Y.); (Y.H.); (L.M.); (S.W.); (B.W.); (X.T.); (Z.L.)
| | - Keke Yu
- Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (F.L.); (B.L.); (K.Y.); (Y.H.); (L.M.); (S.W.); (B.W.); (X.T.); (Z.L.)
| | - Yini Huo
- Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (F.L.); (B.L.); (K.Y.); (Y.H.); (L.M.); (S.W.); (B.W.); (X.T.); (Z.L.)
| | - Lu Meng
- Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (F.L.); (B.L.); (K.Y.); (Y.H.); (L.M.); (S.W.); (B.W.); (X.T.); (Z.L.)
- High Latitude Crops Institute, Shanxi Agriculture University, Datong 037008, China
| | - Songman Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (F.L.); (B.L.); (K.Y.); (Y.H.); (L.M.); (S.W.); (B.W.); (X.T.); (Z.L.)
| | - Baomin Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (F.L.); (B.L.); (K.Y.); (Y.H.); (L.M.); (S.W.); (B.W.); (X.T.); (Z.L.)
| | - Mingwei Du
- Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (F.L.); (B.L.); (K.Y.); (Y.H.); (L.M.); (S.W.); (B.W.); (X.T.); (Z.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-10-6273-3049
| | - Xiaoli Tian
- Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (F.L.); (B.L.); (K.Y.); (Y.H.); (L.M.); (S.W.); (B.W.); (X.T.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zhaohu Li
- Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (F.L.); (B.L.); (K.Y.); (Y.H.); (L.M.); (S.W.); (B.W.); (X.T.); (Z.L.)
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22
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Wu K, Duan X, Zhu Z, Sang Z, Zhang Y, Li H, Jia Z, Ma L. Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals the Positive Role of Abscisic Acid in Endodormancy Maintenance of Leaf Buds of Magnolia wufengensis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:742504. [PMID: 34858449 PMCID: PMC8632151 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.742504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Magnolia wufengensis (Magnoliaceae) is a deciduous landscape species, known for its ornamental value with uniquely shaped and coloured tepals. The species has been introduced to many cities in south China, but low temperatures limit the expansion of this species in cold regions. Bud dormancy is critical for plants to survive in cold environments during the winter. In this study, we performed transcriptomic analysis of leaf buds using RNA sequencing and compared their gene expression during endodormancy, endodormancy release, and ecodormancy. A total of 187,406 unigenes were generated with an average length of 621.82 bp (N50 = 895 bp). In the transcriptomic analysis, differentially expressed genes involved in metabolism and signal transduction of hormones especially abscisic acid (ABA) were substantially annotated during dormancy transition. Our results showed that ABA at a concentration of 100 μM promoted dormancy maintenance in buds of M. wufengensis. Furthermore, the expression of genes related to ABA biosynthesis, catabolism, and signalling pathway was analysed by qPCR. We found that the expression of MwCYP707A-1-2 was consistent with ABA content and the dormancy transition phase, indicating that MwCYP707A-1-2 played a role in endodormancy release. In addition, the upregulation of MwCBF1 during dormancy release highlighted the enhancement of cold resistance. This study provides new insights into the cold tolerance of M. wufengensis in the winter from bud dormancy based on RNA-sequencing and offers fundamental data for further research on breeding improvement of M. wufengensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunjing Wu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojing Duan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Zhejiang Institute of Subtropical Crops, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhonglong Zhu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- National Energy R&D Center for Non-food Biomass, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Magnolia wufengensis Research Center, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyang Sang
- Forestry Science Research Institute of Wufeng County, Yichang, China
| | - Yutong Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- National Energy R&D Center for Non-food Biomass, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Magnolia wufengensis Research Center, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Haiying Li
- National Energy R&D Center for Non-food Biomass, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Magnolia wufengensis Research Center, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongkui Jia
- Magnolia wufengensis Research Center, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- College of Forestry, Engineering Technology Research Center of Pinus tabuliformis of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Luyi Ma
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- National Energy R&D Center for Non-food Biomass, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Magnolia wufengensis Research Center, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
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23
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Chilling Requirement Validation and Physiological and Molecular Responses of the Bud Endodormancy Release in Paeonia lactiflora 'Meiju'. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168382. [PMID: 34445086 PMCID: PMC8395073 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The introduction of herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) in low-latitude areas is of great significance to expand the landscape application of this world-famous ornamental. With the hazards of climate warming, warm winters occurs frequently, which makes many excellent northern herbaceous peony cultivars unable to meet their chilling requirements (CR) and leads to their poor growth and flowering in southern China. Exploring the endodormancy release mechanism of underground buds is crucial for improving low-CR cultivar screening and breeding. A systematic study was conducted on P. lactiflora 'Meiju', a screened cultivar with a typical low-CR trait introduced from northern China, at the morphological, physiological and molecular levels. The CR value of 'Meiju' was further verified as 677.5 CUs based on the UT model and morphological observation. As a kind of signal transducer, reactive oxygen species (ROS) released a signal to enter dormancy, which led to corresponding changes in carbohydrate and hormone metabolism in buds, thus promoting underground buds to acquire strong cold resistance and enter endodormancy. The expression of important genes related to ABA metabolism, such as NCED3, PP2C, CBF4 and ABF2, reached peaks at the critical stage of endodormancy release (9 January) and then decreased rapidly; the expression of the GA2ox8 gene related to GA synthesis increased significantly in the early stage of endodormancy release and decreased rapidly after the release of ecodormancy (23 January). Cytological observation showed that the period when the sugar and starch contents decreased and the ABA/GA ratio decreased was when 'Meiju' bud endodormancy was released. This study reveals the endodormancy regulation mechanism of 'Meiju' buds with the low-CR trait, which lays a theoretical foundation for breeding new herbaceous peony cultivars with the low-CR trait.
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Dong D, Wang M, Li Y, Liu Z, Li S, Chao Y, Han L. Melatonin influences the early growth stage in Zoysia japonica Steud. by regulating plant oxidation and genes of hormones. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12381. [PMID: 34117332 PMCID: PMC8196196 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91931-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Zoysia japonica is a commonly used turfgrass species around the world. Seed germination is a crucial stage in the plant life cycle and is particularly important for turf establishment and management. Experiments have confirmed that melatonin can be a potential regulator signal in seeds. To determine the effect of exogenous melatonin administration and explore the its potential in regulating seed growth, we studied the concentrations of several hormones and performed a transcriptome analysis of zoysia seeds after the application of melatonin. The total antioxidant capacity determination results showed that melatonin treatment could significantly improve the antioxidant capacity of zoysia seeds. The transcriptome analysis indicated that several of the regulatory pathways were involved in antioxidant activity and hormone activity. The hormones concentrations determination results showed that melatonin treatment contributed to decreased levels of cytokinin, abscisic acid and gibberellin in seeds, but had no significant effect on the secretion of auxin in early stages. Melatonin is able to affect the expression of IAA (indoleacetic acid) response genes. In addition, melatonin influences the other hormones by its synergy with other hormones. Transcriptome research in zoysia is helpful for understanding the regulation of melatonin and mechanisms underlying melatonin-mediated developmental processes in zoysia seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Dong
- grid.66741.320000 0001 1456 856XCollege of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Mengdi Wang
- grid.66741.320000 0001 1456 856XCollege of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Yinreuizhi Li
- grid.66741.320000 0001 1456 856XCollege of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Zhuocheng Liu
- grid.66741.320000 0001 1456 856XCollege of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Shuwen Li
- grid.66741.320000 0001 1456 856XCollege of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Yuehui Chao
- grid.66741.320000 0001 1456 856XCollege of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Liebao Han
- grid.66741.320000 0001 1456 856XCollege of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083 China
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25
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Luo C, Wang S, Ning K, Chen Z, Wang Y, Yang J, Qi M, Wang Q. The APETALA2 transcription factor LsAP2 regulates seed shape in lettuce. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:2463-2476. [PMID: 33340036 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Seeds are major vehicles of propagation and dispersal in plants. A number of transcription factors, including APETALA2 (AP2), play crucial roles during the seed development process in various plant species. However, genes essential for seed development and the regulatory networks that operate during seed development remain unclear in lettuce. Here, we identified a lettuce AP2 (LsAP2) gene that was highly expressed during the early stages of seed development. LsAP2 knockout plants obtained by the CRISPR/Cas9 system were used to explore the biological function of LsAP2. Compared with the wild type, the seeds of Lsap2 mutant plants were longer and narrower, and developed an extended tip at the seed top. After further investigating the structural characteristics of the seeds of Lsap2 mutant plants, we proposed a new function of LsAP2 in seed dispersal. Moreover, we identified several interactors of LsAP2. Our results showed that LsAP2 directly interacted with the lettuce homolog of BREVIPEDICELLUS (LsBP) and promoted the expression of LsBP. Transcriptome analysis revealed that LsAP2 might also be involved in brassinosteroid biosynthesis and signaling pathways. Taken together, our data indicate that LsAP2 has a significant function in regulating seed shape in lettuce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shenglin Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Kang Ning
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zijing Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yixin Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Meixia Qi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Liu H, Wen Y, Cui M, Qi X, Deng R, Gao J, Cheng Z. Histological, Physiological and Transcriptomic Analysis Reveal Gibberellin-Induced Axillary Meristem Formation in Garlic ( Allium sativum). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:plants9080970. [PMID: 32751960 PMCID: PMC7464525 DOI: 10.3390/plants9080970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The number of cloves in a garlic bulb is controlled by axillary meristem differentiation, which directly determines the propagation efficiency. Our previous study showed that injecting garlic plants with gibberellins (GA3) solution significantly increased clove number per bulb. However, the physiological and molecular mechanism of GA-induced axillary bud formation is still unknown. Herein, dynamic changes in histology, phytohormones, sugars and related genes expression at 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32 days after treatment (DAT) were investigated. Histological results indicated two stages (axillary meristem initiation and dormancy) were in the period of 0-30 days after GA3 treatment. Application of GA3 caused a significant increase of GA3 and GA4, and the downregulation of AsGA20ox expression. Furthermore, the change trends in zeatin riboside (ZR) and soluble sugar were the same, in which a high level of ZR at 2 DAT and high content of soluble sugar, glucose and fructose at 4 DAT were recorded, and a low level of ZR and soluble sugar arose at 16 and 32 DAT. Overall, injection of GA3 firstly caused the downregulation of AsGA20ox, a significant increase in the level of ZR and abscisic acid (ABA), and the upregulation of AsCYP735 and AsAHK to activate axillary meristem initiation. Low level of ZR and soluble sugar and a high level of sucrose maintained axillary meristem dormancy.
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Zhang Y, Li S, Peng T, Zheng P, Wang Z, Ling Z, Jiang H. One-step icELISA developed with novel antibody for rapid and specific detection of diclazuril residue in animal-origin foods. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2020; 37:1633-1639. [PMID: 32723014 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2020.1787527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Diclazuril, a broad-spectrum anticoccidial drug, may be accumulated in edible tissues of animals through illegal use, which poses potential threats to human health through the food chain. In this study, an innovative hapten was designed and an immunogen of diclazuril was successfully synthesised with keyhole limpet haemocyanin as carrier protein; then a monoclonal antibody with high specificity was obtained. Furthermore, based on the novel antibody, a one-step indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (icELISA) was established for rapid and specific detection of diclazuril residues. Compared with the traditional icELISA method, this method saves at least 0.5 hours and one washing step. Under the optimal conditions, the one-step icELISA for diclazuril exhibited good performance with a 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) value of 0.952 μg/kg. The average recoveries of the icELISA ranged from 73.1% to 115.5% with the coefficient of variation lower than 12.7%, which was evaluated by detecting spiked animal-origin food samples. Finally, the one-step icELISA shows a good correlation with an ultra-high liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method. Those results demonstrate that the one-step icELISA developed for diclazuril detection is time-saving, low-cost, specific, sensitive, and reliable. It shows good potential for social, environmental, and economic benefits in future use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University , Beijing, PR China
| | - Shufang Li
- Products Development Department, Beijing WDWK Biotechnology Co. Ltd , Beijing, PR China
| | - Tao Peng
- Mass Spectrometry Engineering Technology Research Center, Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology , Beijing, PR China
| | - Pimiao Zheng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University , Beijing, PR China
| | - Zile Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University , Beijing, PR China
| | - Zhuoren Ling
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University , Beijing, PR China
| | - Haiyang Jiang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University , Beijing, PR China
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Zhang S, Dai J, Ge Q. Responses of Autumn Phenology to Climate Change and the Correlations of Plant Hormone Regulation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9039. [PMID: 32494031 PMCID: PMC7270090 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65704-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Current understanding of autumn phenological responses to climate change in deciduous tree species remains limited, mainly due to the difficulties in defining autumn events and the lack of knowledge about its mechanism. Here we applied a method based on measuring chlorophyll A (Chla) content in leaf tissue during the entire autumn senescence processes to appropriately quantify autumn phenological processes. Beginning of leaf coloring could be defined as when about 50% of the Chl was lost. End of leaf coloring could be defined as when about 95% of the Chl was lost. Then the mechanism behind the timing of autumn senescence responses to climate change through hormone regulation was studied for the first time. Four dominate deciduous tree species with representative senescence type (Salix babylonica, Ginkgo biloba, Acer mono, Cotinus coggygria) were chosen as the subject of study. Variations in climate factors (temperature, day length, precipitation, humidity) were recorded and nine major endogenous hormones (IAA, IPA, ZR, DHZR, GA3, GA4, ABA, MeJA, BR) in leaf tissues were monitored during the entire autumn senescence processes. The experimental results verified temperature and day length are the major climate factors affecting autumn phenology. Low temperature and short day length could result in the decrease of ZR level and the increase of ABA level in leaf tissue, which directly trigger/promote senescence. Meanwhile, low temperature and short day length could cause the decrease of MeJA level and the increase of GA3 and GA4 level, which regulate the timing of autumn senescence indirectly through ZR, ABA, and IAA. Our study improves the understanding of autumn phenological response to climate change in deciduous trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Junhu Dai
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Quansheng Ge
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing, 100101, China.
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Li Y, Qiu L, Zhang Q, Zhuansun X, Li H, Chen X, Krugman T, Sun Q, Xie C. Exogenous sodium diethyldithiocarbamate, a Jasmonic acid biosynthesis inhibitor, induced resistance to powdery mildew in wheat. PLANT DIRECT 2020; 4:e00212. [PMID: 32285024 PMCID: PMC7146025 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Jasmonic acid (JA) is an important plant hormone associated with plant-pathogen defense. To study the role of JA in plant-fungal interactions, we applied a JA biosynthesis inhibitor, sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (DIECA), on wheat leaves. Our results showed that application of 10 mM DIECA 0-2 days before inoculation effectively induced resistance to powdery mildew (Bgt) in wheat. Transcriptome analysis identified 364 up-regulated and 68 down-regulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in DIECA-treated leaves compared with water-treated leaves. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of the DEGs revealed important GO terms and pathways, in particular, response to growth hormones, activity of glutathione metabolism (e.g., glutathione transferase activity), oxalate oxidase, and chitinase activity. Gene annotaion revealed that some pathogenesis-related (PR) genes, such as PR1.1, PR1, PR10, PR4a, Chitinase 8, beta-1,3-glucanase, RPM1, RGA2, and HSP70, were induced by DIECA treatment. DIECA reduced JA and auxin (IAA) levels, while increased brassinosteroid, glutathione, and ROS lesions in wheat leaves, which corroborated with the transcriptional changes. Our results suggest that DIECA can be applied to increase plant immunity and reduce the severity of Bgt disease in wheat fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghui Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE) and State Key Laboratory for AgrobiotechnologyBeijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
- Institute of EvolutionUniversity of Haifa, Mt. CarmelHaifaIsrael
| | - Lina Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE) and State Key Laboratory for AgrobiotechnologyBeijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE) and State Key Laboratory for AgrobiotechnologyBeijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xiangxi Zhuansun
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE) and State Key Laboratory for AgrobiotechnologyBeijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Huifang Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE) and State Key Laboratory for AgrobiotechnologyBeijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE) and State Key Laboratory for AgrobiotechnologyBeijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Tamar Krugman
- Institute of EvolutionUniversity of Haifa, Mt. CarmelHaifaIsrael
| | - Qixin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE) and State Key Laboratory for AgrobiotechnologyBeijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Chaojie Xie
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE) and State Key Laboratory for AgrobiotechnologyBeijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
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Effect of Temperature, Light, and Storage Time on the Seed Germination of Pinus bungeana Zucc. ex Endl.: The Role of Seed-Covering Layers and Abscisic Acid Changes. FORESTS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/f11030300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Pinus bungeana Zucc. ex Endl. is an endemic conifer tree species in China with high ornamental value. In order to investigate favorable conditions for seed germination and explore the germination inhibition mechanism of this species at high temperatures, the effects of temperature, light, and storage on the mean germination time (MGT), speed of germination (SG), and total germination percentage (TGP) are evaluated here. Seeds that have either been kept still or entered into a state of dormancy at high temperature are assessed here by a recovery experiment. Furthermore, the contribution of covering layers on thermo-inhibition is analyzed here, including the way they work. This has been realized by the structural observation and via the determination of the abscisic acid (ABA) content. The results show that seeds germinate to a high percentage (approximately 90%) at temperatures of 15 or 20 °C, with or without light, whereas higher temperatures of 25 or 30 °C impeded radicle protrusion and resulted in the germination percentage decreasing sharply (within 5%). Inhibition at high temperatures was thoroughly reversed (bringing about approximately 80% germination) by placing the ungerminated seeds in favorable temperatures and incubating them for an additional 30 days. Dry cold storage did little to reduce the temperature request for germination. Embryo coverings, especially the nucellar membrane, and ABA levels both had a dominant role in seed germination regulation in response to temperature. Under favorable temperature conditions, the levels of ABA significantly decreased. Germination occurred when the levels dropped to a threshold of 15 ng/g (FW (Fresh Weight)). Incubation at a high temperature (25 °C) greatly increased ABA levels and caused the inhibition of radicle protrusion.
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Yang Y, Guo Y, Zhong J, Zhang T, Li D, Ba T, Xu T, Chang L, Zhang Q, Sun M. Root Physiological Traits and Transcriptome Analyses Reveal that Root Zone Water Retention Confers Drought Tolerance to Opisthopappus taihangensis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2627. [PMID: 32060321 PMCID: PMC7021704 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59399-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Opisthopappus taihangensis (Ling) Shih, as a relative of chrysanthemum, mainly survives on the cracks of steep slopes and cliffs. Due to the harsh environment in which O. taihangensis lives, it has evolved strong adaptive traits to drought stress. The root system first perceives soil water deficiency, triggering a multi-pronged response mechanism to maintain water potential; however, the drought tolerance mechanism of O. taihangensis roots remains unclear. Therefore, roots were selected as materials to explore the physiological and molecular responsive mechanisms. We found that the roots had a stronger water retention capacity than the leaves. This result was attributed to ABA accumulation, which promoted an increased accumulation of proline and trehalose to maintain cell osmotic pressure, activated SOD and POD to scavenge ROS to protect root cell membrane structure and induced suberin depositions to minimize water backflow to dry soil. Transcriptome sequencing analyses further confirmed that O. taihangensis strongly activated genes involved in the ABA signalling pathway, osmolyte metabolism, antioxidant enzyme activity and biosynthesis of suberin monomer. Overall, these results not only will provide new insights into the drought response mechanisms of O. taihangensis but also will be helpful for future drought breeding programmes of chrysanthemum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjuan Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhong Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Zhong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Tengxun Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Dawei Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Ba
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Lina Chang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Qixiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ming Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
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32
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Li Y, Qiu L, Liu X, Zhang Q, Zhuansun X, Fahima T, Krugman T, Sun Q, Xie C. Glycerol-Induced Powdery Mildew Resistance in Wheat by Regulating Plant Fatty Acid Metabolism, Plant Hormones Cross-Talk, and Pathogenesis-Related Genes. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020673. [PMID: 31968554 PMCID: PMC7013599 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous study indicated that glycerol application induced resistance to powdery mildew (Bgt) in wheat by regulating two important signal molecules, glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) and oleic acid (OA18:1). Transcriptome analysis of wheat leaves treated by glycerol and inoculated with Bgt was performed to identify the activated immune response pathways. We identified a set of differentially expressed transcripts (e.g., TaGLI1, TaACT1, and TaSSI2) involved in glycerol and fatty acid metabolism that were upregulated in response to Bgt infection and might contribute to G3P and OA18:1 accumulation. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis revealed GO terms induced by glycerol, such as response to jasmonic acid (JA), defense response to bacterium, lipid oxidation, and growth. In addition, glycerol application induced genes (e.g., LOX, AOS, and OPRs) involved in the metabolism pathway of linolenic and alpha-linolenic acid, which are precursor molecules of JA biosynthesis. Glycerol induced JA and salicylic acid (SA) levels, while glycerol reduced the auxin (IAA) level in wheat. Glycerol treatment also induced pathogenesis related (PR) genes, including PR-1, PR-3, PR-10, callose synthase, PRMS, RPM1, peroxidase, HSP70, HSP90, etc. These results indicate that glycerol treatment regulates fatty acid metabolism and hormones cross-talk and induces the expression of PR genes that together contribute to Bgt resistance in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghui Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE) and State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China (Q.S.)
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, 199 Abba-Hushi Avenue, Mt. Carmel, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Lina Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE) and State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China (Q.S.)
| | - Xinye Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE) and State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China (Q.S.)
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE) and State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China (Q.S.)
| | - Xiangxi Zhuansun
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE) and State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China (Q.S.)
| | - Tzion Fahima
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, 199 Abba-Hushi Avenue, Mt. Carmel, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Tamar Krugman
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, 199 Abba-Hushi Avenue, Mt. Carmel, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Qixin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE) and State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China (Q.S.)
| | - Chaojie Xie
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE) and State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China (Q.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-10-62732922
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Wang J, Zhang S, Fu Y, He T, Wang X. Analysis of Dynamic Global Transcriptional Atlas Reveals Common Regulatory Networks of Hormones and Photosynthesis Across Nicotiana Varieties in Response to Long-Term Drought. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:672. [PMID: 32528510 PMCID: PMC7266868 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Land plants evolve drought acclimation. Existing knowledge of gene regulation mainly comes from short-term drought treatment. However, common regulatory mechanism shared by multiple varieties under long-term drought is little explored. Here we investigated changes in physiology, hormones and transcriptomes in leaves of Nicotiana varieties K326 and Basma Xanthi with/without drought treatment at time courses spanning 1 month. Analyses of deep RNA-Seq data and further full-length Iso-Seq data revealed an atlas of dynamic changes of transcripts, spliced isoforms, gene expression, associated Gene Ontology, and metabolism pathways. Fewer differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were induced by drought in high tolerance variety than susceptible variety. Comparison among seven hormone signal pathways identified that genes in both abscisic acid and auxin signaling pathways were highly induced although specific genes were depended on the variety. Common hormone regulatory network analysis revealed that genes encoding clade A protein phosphatase 2C gene (PP2C) in abscisic acid pathway was the pivotal hub. Expressional regulation in photosynthesis was also common and variety specific. We conclude that long-term drought inducing gene regulatory networks of hormones and photosynthesis are variety dependent, and PP2C is the center of the common hormone regulatory network. Thus, this study improves our understanding of gene regulatory network in drought response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shihua Zhang
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
- College of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunpeng Fu
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yunpeng Fu,
| | - Tiantian He
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuewen Wang
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
- Xuewen Wang,
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Wu Q, Du M, Wu J, Wang N, Wang B, Li F, Tian X, Li Z. Mepiquat chloride promotes cotton lateral root formation by modulating plant hormone homeostasis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:573. [PMID: 31864311 PMCID: PMC6925410 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-2176-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mepiquat chloride (MC), a plant growth regulator, enhances root growth by promoting lateral root formation in cotton. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of this phenomenon is still unknown. METHODS In this study, we used 10 cotton (Gossypium hirsutum Linn.) cultivars to perform a seed treatment with MC to investigate lateral root formation, and selected a MC sensitive cotton cultivar for dynamic monitor of root growth and transcriptome analysis during lateral root development upon MC seed treatment. RESULTS The results showed that MC treated seeds promotes the lateral root formation in a dosage-depended manner and the effective promotion region is within 5 cm from the base of primary root. MC treated seeds induce endogenous auxin level by altering gene expression of both gibberellin (GA) biosynthesis and signaling and abscisic acid (ABA) signaling. Meanwhile, MC treated seeds differentially express genes involved in indole acetic acid (IAA) synthesis and transport. Furthermore, MC-induced IAA regulates the expression of genes related to cell cycle and division for lateral root development. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that MC orchestrates GA and ABA metabolism and signaling, which further regulates auxin biosynthesis, transport, and signaling to promote the cell division responsible for lateral root formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
- Institute of Agricultural Information, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014 China
| | - Mingwei Du
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Jie Wu
- Plant Phenomics Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Ning Wang
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000 Henan China
| | - Baomin Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Fangjun Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Xiaoli Tian
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Zhaohu Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
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Li Y, Gong B, Liang X, Wu Y. Direct electrochemistry of bacterial surface displayed cytokinin oxidase and its application in the sensitive electrochemical detection of cytokinins. Bioelectrochemistry 2019; 130:107336. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2019.107336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Dai D, Tong H, Cheng L, Peng F, Zhang T, Qi W, Song R. Maize Dek33 encodes a pyrimidine reductase in riboflavin biosynthesis that is essential for oil-body formation and ABA biosynthesis during seed development. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:5173-5187. [PMID: 31173102 PMCID: PMC6793443 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The maize (Zea mays) defective kernel 33 (dek33) mutant produces defective and occasionally viviparous kernel phenotypes. In this study, we cloned Dek33 by positional cloning and found that it encodes a pyrimidine reductase in riboflavin biosynthesis. In dek33, a single-base mutation (G to A) in the C-terminal COG3236 domain caused a premature stop codon (TGA), producing a weak mutant allele with only a truncated form of the DEK33 protein that occurred at much lower levels that the completed WT form, and with a reduced riboflavin content. The dek33 mutation significantly affected oil-body formation and suppressed endoreduplication. It also disrupted ABA biosynthesis, resulting in lower ABA content that might be responsible for the viviparous embryo. In addition, our results indicated that the COG3236 domain is important for the protein stability of DEK33. Yeast two-hybrid experiments identified several proteins that interacted with DEK33, including RGLG2 and SnRK1, suggesting possible post-translational regulation of DEK33 stability. The interaction between DEK33 and these proteins was further confirmed by luciferase complementation image assays. This study provides a weak mutant allele that can be utilized to explore cellular responses to impaired riboflavin biosynthesis during seed development. Our findings indicate that the COG3236 domain might be an essential regulatory structure for DEK33 stability in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Dai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, Plant Science Center, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyang Tong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, Plant Science Center, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijun Cheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, Plant Science Center, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Peng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, Plant Science Center, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, Plant Science Center, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiwei Qi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, Plant Science Center, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rentao Song
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, Plant Science Center, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, National Maize Improvement Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Joint International Research Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Correspondence:
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Chen A, Gu L, Xu N, Feng F, Chen D, Yang C, Zhang B, Li M, Zhang Z. NB-LRRs Not Responding Consecutively to Fusarium oxysporum Proliferation Caused Replant Disease Formation of Rehmannia glutinosa. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20133203. [PMID: 31261891 PMCID: PMC6651281 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Consecutive monoculture practice facilitates enrichment of rhizosphere pathogenic microorganisms and eventually leads to the emergence of replant disease. However, little is known about the interaction relationship among pathogens enriched in rhizosphere soils, Nucleotide binding-leucine-rich repeats (NB-LRR) receptors that specifically recognize pathogens in effector-triggered immunity (ETI) and physiological indicators under replant disease stress in Rehmannia glutinosa. In this study, a controlled experiment was performed using different kinds of soils from sites never planted R. glutinosa (NP), replanted R. glutinosa (TP) and mixed by different ration of TP soils (1/3TP and 2/3TP), respectively. As a result, different levels of TP significantly promoted the proliferation of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. R.glutinosa (FO). Simultaneously, a comparison between FO numbers and NB-LRR expressions indicated that NB-LRRs were not consecutively responsive to the FO proliferation at transcriptional levels. Further analysis found that NB-LRRs responded to FO invasion with a typical phenomenon of “promotion in low concentration and suppression in high concentration”, and 6 NB-LRRs were identified as candidates for responding R. glutinosa replant disease. Furthermore, four critical hormones of salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), ethylene (ET) and abscisic acid (ABA) had higher levels in 1/3TP, 2/3TP and TP than those in NP. Additionally, increasing extents of SA contents have significantly negative trends with FO changes, which implied that SA might be inhibited by FO in replanted R. glutinosa. Concomitantly, the physiological indexes reacted alters of cellular process regulated by NB-LRR were affected by complex replant disease stresses and exhibited strong fluctuations, leading to the death of R. glutinosa. These findings provide important insights and clues into further revealing the mechanism of R. glutinosa replant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiguo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Institute of Tobacco Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Li Gu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Na Xu
- Institute of Tobacco Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Fajie Feng
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Dexin Chen
- Institute of Tobacco Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Chuyun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Bao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Mingjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Zhongyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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A monoclonal antibody-based indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for flubendiamide detection. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2131. [PMID: 30765780 PMCID: PMC6376021 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38649-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Flubendiamide (FD), the first commercial phthalic acid diamide that targets insect ryanodine receptor (RyRs), has played an important role in pest management. With its extensive worldwide application, a rapid and convenient method to detect its existence in the environment is necessary. In this study, an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (icELISA) was developed to analyse FD residue on environmental and food samples. The established icELISA showed a half maximal inhibition concentration (IC50) of 17.25 µg L-1, with a working range of 4.06-103.59 µg L-1 for FD, and showed no cross-reactivity with chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, and several FD analogues. Average FD recoveries from spinach, tap water, and soil samples were 89.3-112.3%, 93.0-102.1%, and 86.9-97.6%, respectively. Meanwhile, FD detection results of icELISA were compared with those of ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The comparable results verified that icELISA was suitable for rapid detection of FD residue in environmental and agricultural samples.
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Liu Z, Ge XX, Qiu WM, Long JM, Jia HH, Yang W, Dutt M, Wu XM, Guo WW. Overexpression of the CsFUS3 gene encoding a B3 transcription factor promotes somatic embryogenesis in Citrus. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 277:121-131. [PMID: 30466577 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In citrus, genetic improvement via biotechnology is challenging due to insufficient understanding of molecular barriers that prevent regeneration by somatic embryogenesis (SE). Our previous study indicated that LEC genes were involved in SE in citrus, but their regulatory roles remain to be elucidated. Here, we cloned one of the LEC genes, CsFUS3, and show that it is preferentially expressed during SE and in the embryogenic callus (EC) derived from citrus varieties with strong embryogenic competence. The overexpression of CsFUS3 in recalcitrant citrus callus restored embryogenic competence. Complementation of the loss-of-function Arabidopsis fus3 mutant with the CsFUS3 gene restored normal late embryogenesis, which is consistent with the CsFUS3 and AtFUS3 proteins contributing to the same regulatory network in Arabidopsis. Transcriptome profiling revealed that the expression of particular TFs that promote SE was up-regulated in the citrus overexpression (OE) line. The 104 differentially expressed genes associated with hormone biosynthesis, catabolism, and signaling are particularly noteworthy. The dynamic change in the ratio of ABA to GA during SE in wild-type callus mirrored the expression pattern of CsFUS3. In contrast, in the OE line, the ratio of ABA to GA was higher and the capacity for SE was greater when the OE line was separately treated with ABA and GA biosynthesis inhibitors. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the overexpression of CsFUS3 appears to establish a cellular environment favorable to SE, at least in part by promoting a high ABA to GA ratio and by regulating the expression of TFs that promote SE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Fruit and Tea Research Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China.
| | - Xiao-Xia Ge
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Center of Applied Biotechnology, Wuhan University of Bioengineering, Wuhan 430415, China.
| | - Wen-Ming Qiu
- Fruit and Tea Research Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL 33850, USA.
| | - Jian-Mei Long
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Hui-Hui Jia
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Wei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Manjul Dutt
- Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL 33850, USA.
| | - Xiao-Meng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Wen-Wu Guo
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Ren K, Hayat S, Qi X, Liu T, Cheng Z. The garlic allelochemical DADS influences cucumber root growth involved in regulating hormone levels and modulating cell cycling. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 230:51-60. [PMID: 30170241 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Most allelochemicals are phytotoxic to the receiver plants and may influence the cell micro- and ultrastructure, cell division, phytohormone levels, and ultimately growth. In order to understand the allelopathic potential of garlic, the effects of its main bioactive allelochemical diallyl disulfide (DADS), experiments were carried out to observe the seed germination, root growth, and developmental responses in cucumber seedlings treated with various concentrations of DADS. The obtained data suggested active influence of DADS on cucumber root growth and development. Significant responses were observed in early root growth and elongation, mitotic cell division and elongation, and root architecture modulation. The effect, however, was dose dependent, and lower concentrations of DADS proved to be promotional whereas higher concentrations of DADS inhibited cucumber root growth and development. Relative root elongation (RRE) revealed that DADS could increase growth of cucumber roots in the early developmental days. Moreover, DADS application significantly influenced mitosis-related gene expression. Observed genes CYCA and CDKB were initially downregulated in the first 24 h but significantly upregulated after 48 h, while gene CDKA was upregulated in the first 24 h. Similarly, DADS application significantly altered primary plant hormones, such as IAA, ABA, GA3, and ZR, in the cucumber roots. Taken together, low concentrations of DADS treatment could promote cucumber root growth and induce main root elongation by upregulating CDKA and CDKB gene expression and regulating hormone balance in root. The current findings offer insight into the allelopathic potential of garlic allelochemical DADS and can be considered vital for establishing plant allelopathic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaili Ren
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, China
| | - Sikandar Hayat
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiaofang Qi
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, China
| | - Tao Liu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, China
| | - Zhihui Cheng
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, China.
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Anwar A, Yan Y, Liu Y, Li Y, Yu X. 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Improves Nutrient Uptake and Endogenous Hormone Accumulation, Enhancing Low-Temperature Stress Tolerance in Cucumbers. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113379. [PMID: 30380613 PMCID: PMC6275039 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) increases plant tolerance to low-temperature stress, but the physiological and biochemical mechanisms that underlie its effects are not fully understood. To investigate them, cucumber seedlings were treated with different ALA concentrations (0, 15, 30 and 45 mg/L ALA) and subjected to low temperatures (12/8 °C day/night temperature). The another group (RT; regular temperature) was exposed to normal temperature (28/18 °C day/night temperature). Low-temperature stress decreased plant height, root length, leaf area, dry mass accumulation and the strong seedling index (SSI), chlorophyll contents, photosynthesis, leaf and root nutrient contents, antioxidant enzymatic activities, and hormone accumulation. Exogenous ALA application significantly alleviated the inhibition of seedling growth and increased plant height, root length, hypocotyl diameter, leaf area, and dry mass accumulation under low-temperature stress. Moreover, ALA increased chlorophyll content (Chl a, Chl b, Chl a+b, and Carotenoids) and photosynthetic capacity, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), and transpiration rate (Tr), as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD, catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR) enzymes, while decreasing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide (O2•−), and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents under low-temperature stress. In addition, nutrient contents (N, P, K, Mg, Ca, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn) and endogenous hormones (JA, IAA, BR, iPA, and ZR) were enhanced in roots and leaves, and GA4 and ABA were decreased. Our results suggest the up-regulation of antioxidant enzyme activities, nutrient contents, and hormone accumulation with the application of ALA increases tolerance to low-temperature stress, leading to improved cucumber seedling performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Anwar
- The Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Yan Yan
- The Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Yumei Liu
- The Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
- College of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Heze University, Heze 274015, China.
| | - Yansu Li
- The Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Xianchang Yu
- The Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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42
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Li R, Zhang L, Wang L, Chen L, Zhao R, Sheng J, Shen L. Reduction of Tomato-Plant Chilling Tolerance by CRISPR-Cas9-Mediated SlCBF1 Mutagenesis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:9042-9051. [PMID: 30096237 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b02177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Chilling stress is the main constraint in tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum) production, as this is a chilling-sensitive horticultural crop. The highly conserved C-repeat binding factors (CBFs) are cold-response-system components found in many species. In this study, we generated slcbf1 mutants using the CRISPR-Cas9 system and investigated the role of SlCBF1 in tomato-plant chilling tolerances. The slcbf1 mutants exhibited more severe chilling-injury symptoms with higher electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde levels than wild-type (WT) plants. Additionally, slcbf1 mutants showed lower proline and protein contents and higher hydrogen peroxide contents and activities of antioxidant enzymes than WT plants. Knockout of SlCBF1 significantly increased indole acetic acid contents but decreased methyl jasmonate, abscisic acid, and zeatin riboside contents. The reduced chilling tolerance of the slcbf1 mutants was further reflected by the down-regulation of CBF-related genes. These results contribute to a better understanding of the molecular basis underlying SlCBF1 mediation of tomato chilling sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Lixing Zhang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Liu Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Lin Chen
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Ruirui Zhao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Jiping Sheng
- School of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development , Renmin University of China , Beijing 100872 , China
| | - Lin Shen
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100083 , China
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43
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Anwar A, Bai L, Miao L, Liu Y, Li S, Yu X, Li Y. 24-Epibrassinolide Ameliorates Endogenous Hormone Levels to Enhance Low-Temperature Stress Tolerance in Cucumber Seedlings. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092497. [PMID: 30149495 PMCID: PMC6164164 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytohormone biosynthesis and accumulation are essential for plant growth and development and stress responses. Here, we investigated the effects of 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) on physiological and biochemical mechanisms in cucumber leaves under low-temperature stress. The cucumber seedlings were exposed to treatments as follows: NT (normal temperature, 26 °C/18 °C day/night), and three low-temperature (12 °C/8 °C day/night) treatments: CK (low-temperature stress); EBR (low-temperature and 0.1 μM EBR); and BZR (low-temperature and 4 μM BZR, a specific EBR biosynthesis inhibitor). The results indicated that low-temperature stress proportionately decreased cucumber seedling growth and the strong seedling index, chlorophyll (Chl) content, photosynthetic capacity, and antioxidant enzyme activities, while increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, hormone levels, and EBR biosynthesis gene expression level. However, EBR treatments significantly enhanced cucumber seedling growth and the strong seedling index, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic capacity, activities of antioxidant enzymes, the cell membrane stability, and endogenous hormones, and upregulated EBR biosynthesis gene expression level, while decreasing ROS and the MDA content. Based on these results, it can be concluded that exogenous EBR regulates endogenous hormones by activating at the transcript level EBR biosynthetic genes, which increases antioxidant enzyme capacity levels and reduces the overproduction of ROS and MDA, protecting chlorophyll and photosynthetic machinery, thus improving cucumber seedling growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Anwar
- The Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Longqiang Bai
- The Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Li Miao
- The Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Yumei Liu
- The Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
- College of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Heze University, Heze 274015, China.
| | - Shuzhen Li
- The Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Xianchang Yu
- The Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Yansu Li
- The Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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Hu L, Xie Y, Fan S, Wang Z, Wang F, Zhang B, Li H, Song J, Kong L. Comparative analysis of root transcriptome profiles between drought-tolerant and susceptible wheat genotypes in response to water stress. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 272:276-293. [PMID: 29807601 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Water deficit is one of the major factors limiting crop productivity worldwide. Plant roots play a key role in uptaking water, perceiving and transducing of water deficit signals to shoot. Although the mechanisms of drought-tolerance have been reported recently, the transcriptional regulatory network of wheat root response to water stress has not been fully understood. In this study, drought-tolerant cultivar JM-262 and susceptible cultivar LM-2 are planted to characterize the root transcriptional changes and physiological responses to water deficit. A total of 8197 drought tolerance-associated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are identified, these genes are mainly mapped to carbon metabolism, flavonoid biosynthesis, and phytohormone signal transduction. The number and expression level of DEGs involved in antioxidative and antiosmotic stresses are more enhanced in JM-262 under water stress. Furthermore, we find the DEGs related to root development are much more induced in JM-262 in phytohormone signal transduction and carbon metabolism pathway. In conclusion, JM-262 may alleviate the damage of drought by producing more osmoprotectants, ROS scavengers, biomass and energy. Interestingly, hormone signaling and cross-talk probably play an important role in promoting JM-262 greater root systems to take up more water, higher capabilities to induce more drought-related DEGs and higher resisitance to oxidative stresse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Hu
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yan Xie
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Shoujin Fan
- College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Zongshuai Wang
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Fahong Wang
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Haosheng Li
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Jie Song
- College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Lingan Kong
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China.
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45
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Xiong S, Zhou Y, Huang X, Yu R, Lai W, Xiong Y. Ultrasensitive direct competitive FLISA using highly luminescent quantum dot beads for tuning affinity of competing antigens to antibodies. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 972:94-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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46
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Li H, Peng T, Wang Q, Wu Y, Chang J, Zhang M, Tang G, Li C. Development of Incompletely Fused Carpels in Maize Ovary Revealed by miRNA, Target Gene and Phytohormone Analysis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:463. [PMID: 28421097 PMCID: PMC5376576 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Although the molecular basis of carpel fusion in maize ovary development remains largely unknown, increasing evidence suggests a critical role of microRNAs (miRNAs). In this study, a combination of miRNA sequencing, degradome and physiological analyses was used to characterize carpel fusion development in maize ovaries showing incompletely (IFC) and completely fused carpels (CFC). A total of 162 known miRNAs distributed across 33 families were identified, of which 20 were differentially expressed. In addition, 53 miRNA candidates were identified, of which 10 were differentially expressed in the IFC and CFC ovaries. In degradome analysis, a total of 113 and 11 target genes were predicted for the known and novel miRNAs, respectively. Moreover, 24 (60%) target genes of the differentially expressed known miRNAs were found to code transcription factors, including auxin response factor (ARF), TB1-CYC-PCFs (TCP), APETALA2 (AP2), growth regulating factor (GRF), MYB, NAC, and NF-YA, all of which have been shown to play a role in carpel fusion development. Correlation analysis of these differentially expressed known miRNAs and their targets with phytohormone signals revealed significant correlations with at least one phytohormone signal, the main regulator of carpel fusion development. These results suggest that incomplete carpel fusion is partly the result of differential expression of certain miRNAs and their targets. Overall, these findings improve our knowledge of the effect of miRNA regulation on target expression, providing a useful resource for further analysis of the interactions between miRNAs, target genes and phytohormones during carpel fusion development in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongping Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Agronomy College, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Ting Peng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Agronomy College, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Agronomy College, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Yufeng Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Bioinformatics Center, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Jianfeng Chang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Agronomy College, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Moubiao Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Agronomy College, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Guiliang Tang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Agronomy College, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Chaohai Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Agronomy College, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
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47
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The Use of Auxin Quantification for Understanding Clonal Tree Propagation. FORESTS 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/f8010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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48
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Physiological and molecular studies of staygreen caused by pod removal and seed injury in soybean. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cj.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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49
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Zhang W, He L, Zhang R, Guo S, Yue H, Ning X, Tan G, Li QX, Wang B. Development of a monoclonal antibody-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the analysis of 6-benzylaminopurine and its ribose adduct in bean sprouts. Food Chem 2016; 207:233-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.03.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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50
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Wen C, Zhao Q, Nie J, Liu G, Shen L, Cheng C, Xi L, Ma N, Zhao L. Physiological controls of chrysanthemum DgD27 gene expression in regulation of shoot branching. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2016; 35:1053-70. [PMID: 26883225 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-016-1938-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
DgD27 was cloned from D. grandiflorum for the first time and played an important role in shoot branching of chrysanthemum. Shoot branching plays an important role in determining plant architecture. D27 was previously proven to be involved in the strigolactone biosynthetic pathway in rice, Arabidopsis, and Medicago. To investigate the role of D27 in shoot branching of chrysanthemum, we isolated the D27 homolog DgD27. Functional analysis showed that DgD27 was a plastid-localized protein that restored the phenotype of Arabidopsis d27-1. Gene expression analysis revealed that DgD27 was expressed at the highest levels in stem, and was up-regulated by exogenous auxin. Decapitation could down-regulate DgD27 expression, but this effect could be restored by exogenous auxin. DgD27 expression was significantly down-regulated by dark treatment in axillary buds. In addition, DgD27 transcripts produced rapid responses in shoots and roots under conditions of phosphate absence, but only mild variation in responses in buds, stems, and roots with low nitrogen treatment. DgBRC1 transcripts also showed the same response in buds under low nitrogen conditions. Under phosphate deficiency, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) levels increased, zeatin riboside levels decreased, and abscisic acid (ABA) levels increased in the shoot, while both IAA and ABA levels increased in the shoot under low nitrogen treatments. Gibberellin acid levels were unaffected by phosphate deficiency and low nitrogen treatments. Taken together, these results demonstrated the diverse roles of DgD27 in response to physiological controls in chrysanthemum shoot branching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qingcui Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jing Nie
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Guoqin Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Lin Shen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chenxia Cheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Lin Xi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Nan Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Liangjun Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China.
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