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Müller WEG, Neufurth M, Wang S, Schröder HC, Wang X. Polyphosphate Nanoparticles: Balancing Energy Requirements in Tissue Regeneration Processes. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2309528. [PMID: 38470207 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202309528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Nanoparticles of a particular, evolutionarily old inorganic polymer found across the biological kingdoms have attracted increasing interest in recent years not only because of their crucial role in metabolism but also their potential medical applicability: it is inorganic polyphosphate (polyP). This ubiquitous linear polymer is composed of 10-1000 phosphate residues linked by high-energy anhydride bonds. PolyP causes induction of gene activity, provides phosphate for bone mineralization, and serves as an energy supplier through enzymatic cleavage of its acid anhydride bonds and subsequent ATP formation. The biomedical breakthrough of polyP came with the development of a successful fabrication process, in depot form, as Ca- or Mg-polyP nanoparticles, or as the directly effective polymer, as soluble Na-polyP, for regenerative repair and healing processes, especially in tissue areas with insufficient blood supply. Physiologically, the platelets are the main vehicles for polyP nanoparticles in the circulating blood. To be biomedically active, these particles undergo coacervation. This review provides an overview of the properties of polyP and polyP nanoparticles for applications in the regeneration and repair of bone, cartilage, and skin. In addition to studies on animal models, the first successful proof-of-concept studies on humans for the healing of chronic wounds are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner E G Müller
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Meik Neufurth
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Shunfeng Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Heinz C Schröder
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
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Müller WEG, Neufurth M, Wang S, Schröder HC, Wang X. The Physiological Inorganic Polymers Biosilica and Polyphosphate as Key Drivers for Biomedical Materials in Regenerative Nanomedicine. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:1303-1337. [PMID: 38348175 PMCID: PMC10860874 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s446405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a need for novel nanomaterials with properties not yet exploited in regenerative nanomedicine. Based on lessons learned from the oldest metazoan phylum, sponges, it has been recognized that two previously ignored or insufficiently recognized principles play an essential role in tissue regeneration, including biomineral formation/repair and wound healing. Firstly, the dependence on enzymes as a driving force and secondly, the availability of metabolic energy. The discovery of enzymatic synthesis and regenerative activity of amorphous biosilica that builds the mineral skeleton of siliceous sponges formed the basis for the development of successful strategies for the treatment of osteochondral impairments in humans. In addition, the elucidation of the functional significance of a second regeneratively active inorganic material, namely inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) and its amorphous nanoparticles, present from sponges to humans, has pushed forward the development of innovative materials for both soft (skin, cartilage) and hard tissue (bone) repair. This energy-rich molecule exhibits a property not shown by any other biopolymer: the delivery of metabolic energy, even extracellularly, necessary for the ATP-dependent tissue regeneration. This review summarizes the latest developments in nanobiomaterials based on these two evolutionarily old, regeneratively active materials, amorphous silica and amorphous polyP, highlighting their specific, partly unique properties and mode of action, and discussing their possible applications in human therapy. The results of initial proof-of-concept studies on patients demonstrating complete healing of chronic wounds are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner E G Müller
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Meik Neufurth
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Shunfeng Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Heinz C Schröder
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
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Ekram B, Tolba E, El-Sayed AF, Müller WEG, Schröder HC, Wang X, Abdel-Hady BM. Cell migration, DNA fragmentation and antibacterial properties of novel silver doped calcium polyphosphate nanoparticles. Sci Rep 2024; 14:565. [PMID: 38177275 PMCID: PMC10766647 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50849-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
To combat infections, silver was used extensively in biomedical field but there was a need for a capping agent to eliminate its cytotoxic effects. In this study, polymeric calcium polyphosphate was doped by silver with three concentrations 1, 3 or 5 mol.% and were characterized by TEM, XRD, FTIR, TGA. Moreover, cytotoxicity, antibacterial, cell migration and DNA fragmentation assays were done to assure its safety. The results showed that the increase in silver percentage caused an increase in particle size. XRD showed the silver peaks, which indicated that it is present in its metallic form. The TGA showed that thermal stability was increased by increasing silver content. The antibacterial tests showed that the prepared nanoparticles have an antibacterial activity against tested pathogens. In addition, the cytotoxicity results showed that the samples exhibited non-cytotoxic behavior even with the highest doping concentration (5% Ag-CaPp). The cell migration assay showed that the increase in the silver concentration enhances cell migration up to 3% Ag-CaPp. The DNA fragmentation test revealed that all the prepared nanoparticles caused no fragmentation. From the results we can deduce that 3% Ag-CaPp was the optimum silver doped calcium polyphosphate concentration that could be used safely for medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basma Ekram
- Polymers and Pigments Department, Chemical Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622, Egypt.
| | - Emad Tolba
- Polymers and Pigments Department, Chemical Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Ahmed F El-Sayed
- Microbial Genetics Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
- Egypt Center for Research and Regenerative Medicine (ECRRM), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Werner E G Müller
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Heinz C Schröder
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Bothaina M Abdel-Hady
- Polymers and Pigments Department, Chemical Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
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Hatt LP, Armiento AR, Mys K, Thompson K, Hildebrand M, Nehrbass D, Müller WEG, Zeiter S, Eglin D, Stoddart MJ. Standard in vitro evaluations of engineered bone substitutes are not sufficient to predict in vivo preclinical model outcomes. Acta Biomater 2023; 156:177-189. [PMID: 35988660 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the optimal conditions required for bone healing can have a substantial impact to target the problem of non-unions and large bone defects. The combination of bioactive factors, regenerative progenitor cells and biomaterials to form a tissue engineered (TE) complex is a promising solution but translation to the clinic has been slow. We hypothesized the typical material testing algorithm used is insufficient and leads to materials being mischaracterized as promising. In the first part of this study, human bone marrow - derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hBM-MSCs) were embedded in three commonly used biomaterials (hyaluronic acid methacrylate, gelatin methacrylate and fibrin) and combined with relevant bioactive osteogenesis factors (dexamethasone microparticles and polyphosphate nanoparticles) to form a TE construct that underwent in vitro osteogenic differentiation for 28 days. Gene expression of relevant transcription factors and osteogenic markers, and von Kossa staining were performed. In the second and third part of this study, the same combination of TE constructs were implanted subcutaneously (cell containing) in T cell-deficient athymic Crl:NIH-Foxn1rnu rats for 8 weeks or cell free in an immunocompetent New Zealand white rabbit calvarial model for 6 weeks, respectively. Osteogenic performance was investigated via MicroCT imaging and histology staining. The in vitro study showed enhanced upregulation of relevant genes and significant mineral deposition within the three biomaterials, generally considered as a positive result. Subcutaneous implantation indicates none to minor ectopic bone formation. No enhanced calvarial bone healing was detected in implanted biomaterials compared to the empty defect. The reasons for the poor correlation of in vitro and in vivo outcomes are unclear and needs further investigation. This study highlights the discrepancy between in vitro and in vivo outcomes, demonstrating that in vitro data should be interpreted with extreme caution. In vitro models with higher complexity are necessary to increase value for translational studies. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Preclinical testing of newly developed biomaterials is a crucial element of the development cycle. Despite this, there is still significant discrepancy between in vitro and in vivo test results. Within this study we investigate multiple combinations of materials and osteogenic stimulants and demonstrate a poor correlation between the in vitro and in vivo data. We propose rationale for why this may be the case and suggest a modified testing algorithm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luan P Hatt
- AO Research Institute Davos, 7270 Davos Platz, Switzerland; Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zürich; 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Karen Mys
- AO Research Institute Davos, 7270 Davos Platz, Switzerland
| | - Keith Thompson
- AO Research Institute Davos, 7270 Davos Platz, Switzerland
| | | | - Dirk Nehrbass
- AO Research Institute Davos, 7270 Davos Platz, Switzerland
| | - Werner E G Müller
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stephan Zeiter
- AO Research Institute Davos, 7270 Davos Platz, Switzerland
| | - David Eglin
- Mines Saint-Etienne, Univ Lyon, Univ Jean Monnet, INSERM, U 1059 Sainbiose, Centre CIS, F-42023 Saint-Etienne, France
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Molecular and biochemical approach for understanding the transition of amorphous to crystalline calcium phosphate deposits in human teeth. Dent Mater 2022; 38:2014-2029. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2022.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Kuczumow A, Gorzelak M, Kosiński J, Lasota A, Blicharski T, Gągała J, Nowak J, Jarzębski M, Jabłoński M. Hierarchy of Bioapatites. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179537. [PMID: 36076932 PMCID: PMC9455617 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Apatites are one of the most intensively studied materials for possible biomedical applications. New perspectives of possible application of apatites correspond with the development of nanomaterials and nanocompounds. Here, an effort to systematize different kinds of human bioapatites forming bones, dentin, and enamel was undertaken. The precursors of bioapatites and hydroxyapatite were also considered. The rigorous consideration of compositions and stoichiometry of bioapatites allowed us to establish an order in their mutual sequence. The chemical reactions describing potential transformations of biomaterials from octacalcium phosphate into hydroxyapatite via all intermediate stages were postulated. Regardless of whether the reactions occur in reality, all apatite biomaterials behave as if they participate in them. To conserve the charge, additional free charges were introduced, with an assumed meaning to be joined with the defects. The distribution of defects was coupled with the values of crystallographic parameters “a” and “c”. The energetic balances of bioapatite transformations were calculated. The apatite biomaterials are surprisingly regular structures with non-integer stoichiometric coefficients. The results presented here will be helpful for the further design and development of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Kuczumow
- ComerLab Dorota Nowak, Radawiec Duży 196, 21-030 Motycz, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.K.); or (M.J.); Tel.: +48-535-255-775 (M.J.)
| | - Mieczysław Gorzelak
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lublin, K. Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Jakub Kosiński
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lublin, K. Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Lasota
- Chair and Department of Jaw Orthopedics, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 6, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Blicharski
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lublin, K. Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Jacek Gągała
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Lublin, K. Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Jakub Nowak
- ComerLab Dorota Nowak, Radawiec Duży 196, 21-030 Motycz, Poland
| | - Maciej Jarzębski
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 38/42, 60-637 Poznan, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.K.); or (M.J.); Tel.: +48-535-255-775 (M.J.)
| | - Mirosław Jabłoński
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lublin, K. Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
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Schröder HC, Wang X, Neufurth M, Wang S, Müller WEG. Biomimetic Polyphosphate Materials: Toward Application in Regenerative Medicine. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR AND SUBCELLULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 61:83-130. [PMID: 35697938 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-01237-2_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) has attracted increasing attention as a biomedical polymer or biomaterial with a great potential for application in regenerative medicine, in particular in the fields of tissue engineering and repair. The interest in polyP is based on two properties of this physiological polymer that make polyP stand out from other polymers: polyP has morphogenetic activity by inducing cell differentiation through specific gene expression, and it functions as an energy store and donor of metabolic energy, especially in the extracellular matrix or in the extracellular space. No other biopolymer applicable in tissue regeneration/repair is known that is endowed with this combination of properties. In addition, polyP can be fabricated both in the form of a biologically active coacervate and as biomimetic amorphous polyP nano/microparticles, which are stable and are activated by transformation into the coacervate phase after contact with protein/body fluids. PolyP can be used in the form of various metal salts and in combination with various hydrogel-forming polymers, whereby (even printable) hybrid materials with defined porosities and mechanical and biological properties can be produced, which can even be loaded with cells for 3D cell printing or with drugs and support the growth and differentiation of (stem) cells as well as cell migration/microvascularization. Potential applications in therapy of bone, cartilage and eye disorders/injuries and wound healing are summarized and possible mechanisms are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heinz C Schröder
- ERC Advanced Investigator Group, Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Group, Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Meik Neufurth
- ERC Advanced Investigator Group, Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Shunfeng Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Group, Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Werner E G Müller
- ERC Advanced Investigator Group, Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
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Neufurth M, Wang S, Schröder HC, Al-Nawas B, Wang X, Müller WEG. 3D bioprinting of tissue units with mesenchymal stem cells, retaining their proliferative and differentiating potential, in polyphosphate-containing bio-ink. Biofabrication 2021; 14. [PMID: 34852334 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac3f29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The three-dimensional (3D)-printing processes reach increasing recognition as important fabrication techniques to meet the growing demands in tissue engineering. However, it is imperative to fabricate 3D tissue units, which contain cells that have the property to be regeneratively active. In most bio-inks, a metabolic energy-providing component is missing. Here a formulation of a bio-ink is described, which is enriched with polyphosphate (polyP), a metabolic energy providing physiological polymer. The bio-ink composed of a scaffold (N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan), a hydrogel (alginate) and a cell adhesion matrix (gelatin) as well as polyP substantially increases the viability and the migration propensity of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). In addition, this ink stimulates not only the growth but also the differentiation of MSC to mineral depositing osteoblasts. Furthermore, the growth/aggregate pattern of MSC changes from isolated cells to globular spheres, if embedded in the polyP bio-ink. The morphogenetic activity of the MSC exposed to polyP in the bio-ink is corroborated by qRT-PCR data, which show a strong induction of the steady-state-expression of alkaline phosphatase, connected with a distinct increase in the expression ratio between RUNX2 and Sox2. We propose that polyP should become an essential component in bio-inks for the printing of cells that retain their regenerative activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meik Neufurth
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Shunfeng Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Heinz C Schröder
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Bilal Al-Nawas
- Clinic for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Augustusplatz 2, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Werner E G Müller
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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Abdollahiyan P, Oroojalian F, Hejazi M, de la Guardia M, Mokhtarzadeh A. Nanotechnology, and scaffold implantation for the effective repair of injured organs: An overview on hard tissue engineering. J Control Release 2021; 333:391-417. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Polyphosphate Reverses the Toxicity of the Quasi-Enzyme Bleomycin on Alveolar Endothelial Lung Cells In Vitro. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040750. [PMID: 33670189 PMCID: PMC7916961 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-cancer antitumor antibiotic bleomycin(s) (BLM) induces athyminic sites in DNA after its activation, a process that results in strand splitting. Here, using A549 human lung cells or BEAS-2B cells lunc cells, we show that the cell toxicity of BLM can be suppressed by addition of inorganic polyphosphate (polyP), a physiological polymer that accumulates and is released from platelets. BLM at a concentration of 20 µg ml-1 causes a decrease in cell viability (by ~70%), accompanied by an increased DNA damage and chromatin expansion (by amazingly 6-fold). Importantly, the BLM-caused effects on cell growth and DNA integrity are substantially suppressed by polyP. In parallel, the enlargement of the nuclei/chromatin in BLM-treated cells (diameter, 20-25 µm) is normalized to ~12 µm after co-incubation of the cells with BLM and polyP. A sequential application of the drugs (BLM for 3 days, followed by an exposure to polyP) does not cause this normalization. During co-incubation of BLM with polyP the gene for the BLM hydrolase is upregulated. It is concluded that by upregulating this enzyme polyP prevents the toxic side effects of BLM. These data might also contribute to an application of BLM in COVID-19 patients, since polyP inhibits binding of SARS-CoV-2 to cellular ACE2.
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Kuvyrkou YU, Brezhneva N, Skorb EV, Ulasevich SA. The influence of the morphology of titania and hydroxyapatite on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells. RSC Adv 2021; 11:3843-3853. [PMID: 35424371 PMCID: PMC8694191 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08271f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, the proliferation and osteogenic potential of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) on the disordered and ordered porous morphology of the titania surface and titania surface modified by hydroxyapatite (HA) are compared for the first time. In 5 days, the MTT-assay showed that the ordered porous morphology of electrochemically fabricated titania nanotubes (TNT) and TNT with chemically deposited hydroxyapatite (TNT–HA) was favorable for stem cell proliferation. In 14 days, RT-qPCR demonstrated that the disordered porous morphology of the sonochemically produced titania mesoporous surface (TMS) and TMS modified by the chemical deposition of HA (TMS–HA) led to the differentiation of hMSCs into the osteogenic direction in the absence of osteogenic inductors. These results originate from the mechanism of mechanotransduction, which sheds a light on the interaction of mesenchymal stem cells with the porous interface through focal adhesion, regulating the expression of genes determining stem cell self-renewal and osteogenic differentiation. The strong focal adhesion of hMSCs adjusted by the disordered TMS and TMS–HA is enough to induce osteogenic differentiation with the delay of cellular self-renewal. The weak focal adhesion of hMSCs tuned by the ordered TNT and TNT–HA affects only cellular self-renewal. The present research makes a new contribution to nanomedicine and engineering of porous implant interfaces for the replacement of bone injuries. Herein, the proliferation and osteogenic potential of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) on the disordered and ordered porous morphology of the titania surface and titania surface modified by hydroxyapatite (HA) are compared for the first time.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yauheni U Kuvyrkou
- Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Transfusiology and Medical Biotechnologies Dolginovskiy tract 160 220053 Minsk Belarus.,Belarusian State Technological University Sverdlova str. 13a 220006 Minsk Belarus
| | - Nadzeya Brezhneva
- Chemistry Department, Belarusian State University Leningradskaya str. 14 220030 Minsk Belarus
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Müller WEG, Ackermann M, Al-Nawas B, Righesso LAR, Muñoz-Espí R, Tolba E, Neufurth M, Schröder HC, Wang X. Amplified morphogenetic and bone forming activity of amorphous versus crystalline calcium phosphate/polyphosphate. Acta Biomater 2020; 118:233-247. [PMID: 33075552 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Amorphous Ca-phosphate (ACP) particles stabilized by inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) were prepared by co-precipitation of calcium and phosphate in the presence of polyP (15% [w/w]). These hybrid nanoparticles showed no signs of crystallinity according to X-ray diffraction analysis, in contrast to the particles obtained at a lower (5% [w/w]) polyP concentration or to hydroxyapatite. The ACP/15% polyP particles proved to be a suitable matrix for cell growth and attachment and showed pronounced osteoblastic and vasculogenic activity in vitro. They strongly stimulated mineralization of the human osteosarcoma cell line SaOS-2, as well as cell migration/microvascularization, as demonstrated in the scratch assay and the in vitro angiogenesis tube forming assay. The possible involvement of an ATP gradient, generated by polyP during tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells, was confirmed by ATP-depletion experiments. In order to assess the morphogenetic activity of the hybrid particles in vivo, experiments in rabbits using the calvarial bone defect model were performed. The particles were encapsulated in poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) microspheres. In contrast, to crystalline Ca-phosphate (containing only 5% [w/w] polyP) or to crystalline β-tricalcium phosphate, amorphous ACP/15% polyP particles caused pronounced osteoinductive activity already after a six-week healing period. The synthesis of new bone tissue was accompanied by an intense vascularization and an increased expression of mineralization/vascularization marker genes. The data show that amorphous polyP-stabilized ACP, which combines osteoinductive activity with the ability to act as a precursor of hydroxyapatite formation both in vitro and in vivo, is a promising material for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner E G Müller
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, 55128 Mainz, GERMANY.
| | - Maximilian Ackermann
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Johann Joachim Becher Weg 13, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Bilal Al-Nawas
- Clinic for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Augustusplatz 2, 55131 Mainz, GERMANY
| | - Leonardo A R Righesso
- Clinic for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Augustusplatz 2, 55131 Mainz, GERMANY
| | - Rafael Muñoz-Espí
- Institute of Materials Science (ICMUV), Universitat de València, C/Catedràtic José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, València, Spain
| | - Emad Tolba
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, 55128 Mainz, GERMANY
| | - Meik Neufurth
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, 55128 Mainz, GERMANY
| | - Heinz C Schröder
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, 55128 Mainz, GERMANY
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, 55128 Mainz, GERMANY
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Parisi C, Salvatore L, Veschini L, Serra MP, Hobbs C, Madaghiele M, Sannino A, Di Silvio L. Biomimetic gradient scaffold of collagen–hydroxyapatite for osteochondral regeneration. J Tissue Eng 2020; 11:2041731419896068. [PMID: 35003613 PMCID: PMC8738858 DOI: 10.1177/2041731419896068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteochondral defects remain a major clinical challenge mainly due to the
combined damage to the articular cartilage and the underlying bone, and the
interface between the two tissues having very different properties. Current
treatment modalities have several limitations and drawbacks, with limited
capacity of restoration; however, tissue engineering shows promise in improving
the clinical outcomes of osteochondral defects. In this study, a novel gradient
scaffold has been fabricated, implementing a gradient structure in the design to
mimic the anatomical, biological and physicochemical properties of bone and
cartilage as closely as possible. Compared with the commonly studied multi-layer
scaffolds, the gradient scaffold has the potential to induce a smooth transition
between cartilage and bone and avoid any instability at the interface, mimicking
the natural structure of the osteochondral tissue. The scaffold comprises a
collagen matrix with a gradient distribution of low-crystalline hydroxyapatite
particles. Physicochemical analyses confirmed phase and chemical compositions of
the gradient scaffold and the distribution of the mineral phase along the
gradient scaffold. Mechanical tests confirmed the gradient of stiffness
throughout the scaffold, according to its mineral content. The gradient scaffold
exhibited good biological performances both in vitro and in vivo. Biological
evaluation of the scaffold, in combination with human bone-marrow–derived
mesenchymal stem cells, demonstrated that the gradient of composition and
stiffness preferentially increased cell proliferation in different sub-regions
of the scaffold, according to their high chondrogenic or osteogenic
characteristics. The in vivo biocompatibility of the gradient scaffold was
confirmed by its subcutaneous implantation in rats. The gradient scaffold was
significantly colonised by host cells and minimal foreign body reaction was
observed. The scaffold’s favourable chemical, physical and biological properties
demonstrated that it has good potential as an engineered osteochondral analogue
for the regeneration of damaged tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Parisi
- Centre of Oral, Clinical & Translational Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Luca Salvatore
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Veschini
- Centre of Oral, Clinical & Translational Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Maria Paola Serra
- Centre for Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Carl Hobbs
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Marta Madaghiele
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sannino
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Lucy Di Silvio
- Centre of Oral, Clinical & Translational Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
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Calcium Polyphosphate Nanoparticles Act as an Effective Inorganic Phosphate Source during Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225801. [PMID: 31752206 PMCID: PMC6887735 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BM-MSCs) to differentiate into osteoblasts makes them the ideal candidate for cell-based therapies targeting bone-diseases. Polyphosphate (polyP) is increasingly being studied as a potential inorganic source of phosphate for extracellular matrix mineralisation. The aim of this study is to investigate whether polyP can effectively be used as a phosphate source during the in vitro osteogenic differentiation of human BM-MSCs. Human BM-MSCs are cultivated under osteogenic conditions for 28 days with phosphate provided in the form of organic β-glycerolphosphate (BGP) or calcium-polyP nanoparticles (polyP-NP). Mineralisation is demonstrated using Alizarin red staining, cellular ATP content, and free phosphate levels are measured in both the cells and the medium. The effects of BGP or polyP-NP on alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and gene expression of a range of osteogenic-related markers are also assessed. PolyP-NP supplementation displays comparable effects to the classical BGP-containing osteogenic media in terms of mineralisation, ALP activity and expression of osteogenesis-associated genes. This study shows that polyP-NP act as an effective source of phosphate during mineralisation of BM-MSC. These results open new possibilities with BM-MSC-based approaches for bone repair to be achieved through doping of conventional biomaterials with polyP-NP.
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Tsutsumi K, Sasase T. Cellular calcification induced by inorganic polyphosphate involves ATP depletion and opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP). FEBS Open Bio 2019; 9:1617-1622. [PMID: 31325410 PMCID: PMC6722881 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) is a linear polymer containing tens to hundreds of orthophosphate residues linked by high-energy phosphoanhydride bonds. PolyP promotes osteocalcification and bone mineralization in both mouse and human osteoblastic cells. In the present study, we examined the molecular mechanism by which polyP affects mitochondrial metabolism to promote cellular calcification in MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells. The cellular content of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) was diminished one day after polyP treatment, and this was accompanied by increased conversion to adenosine diphosphate. Furthermore, mitochondrial membrane potential was significantly decreased in polyP-treated cells. These results suggest that the depletion of intracellular ATP and the decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential induced by polyP treatment may be a trigger to promote cell calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Tsutsumi
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Sasase
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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16
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Progress and Applications of Polyphosphate in Bone and Cartilage Regeneration. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:5141204. [PMID: 31346519 PMCID: PMC6620837 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5141204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Patients with bone and cartilage defects due to infection, tumors, and trauma are quite common. Repairing bone and cartilage defects is thus a major problem for clinicians. Autologous and artificial bone transplantations are associated with many challenges, such as limited materials and immune rejection. Bone and cartilage regeneration has become a popular research topic. Inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) is a widely occurring biopolymer with high-energy phosphoanhydride bonds that exists in organisms from bacteria to mammals. Much data indicate that polyP acts as a regulator of gene expression in bone and cartilage tissues and exerts morphogenetic effects on cells involved in bone and cartilage formation. Exposure of these cells to polyP leads to the increase of cytokines that promote the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts, accelerates the osteoblast mineralization process, and inhibits the differentiation of osteoclast precursors to functionally active osteoclasts. PolyP-based materials have been widely reported in in vivo and in vitro studies. This paper reviews the current cellular mechanisms and material applications of polyP in bone and cartilage regeneration.
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17
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Müller WEG, Tolba E, Wang S, Li Q, Neufurth M, Ackermann M, Muñoz-Espí R, Schröder HC, Wang X. Transformation of Construction Cement to a Self-Healing Hybrid Binder. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2948. [PMID: 31212901 PMCID: PMC6627329 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20122948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A new biomimetic strategy to im prove the self-healing properties of Portland cement is presented that is based on the application of the biogenic inorganic polymer polyphosphate (polyP), which is used as a cement admixture. The data show that synthetic linear polyp, with an average chain length of 40, as well as natural long-chain polyP isolated from soil bacteria, has the ability to support self-healing of this construction material. Furthermore, polyP, used as a water-soluble Na-salt, is subject to Na+/Ca2+ exchange by the Ca2+ from the cement, resulting in the formation of a water-rich coacervate when added to the cement surface, especially to the surface of bacteria-containing cement/concrete samples. The addition of polyP in low concentrations (<1% on weight basis for the solids) not only accelerated the hardening of cement/concrete but also the healing of microcracks present in the material. The results suggest that long-chain polyP is a promising additive that increases the self-healing capacity of cement by mimicking a bacteria-mediated natural mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner E G Müller
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, 55,128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Emad Tolba
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, 55,128 Mainz, Germany.
- Polymers and Pigments Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt.
| | - Shunfeng Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, 55,128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Qiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MLR & GZAR, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Meik Neufurth
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, 55,128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Maximilian Ackermann
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Johann Joachim Becher Weg 13, 55,099 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Rafael Muñoz-Espí
- Institute of Materials Science (ICMUV), Universitat de València, C/Catedràtic José Beltrán 2, Paterna, 46980 València, Spain.
| | - Heinz C Schröder
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, 55,128 Mainz, Germany.
- NanotecMARIN GmbH, Mühlstr. 19, 55,218 Ingelheim am Rhein, Germany.
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, 55,128 Mainz, Germany.
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Ackermann M, Tolba E, Neufurth M, Wang S, Schröder HC, Wang X, Müller WEG. Biomimetic transformation of polyphosphate microparticles during restoration of damaged teeth. Dent Mater 2018; 35:244-256. [PMID: 30522697 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In the present study, we investigated the fusion process between amorphous microparticles of the calcium salt of the physiological polymer comprising orthophosphate units, of inorganic polyphosphate (polyP), and enamel. METHODS This polymer was incorporated as an ingredient into toothpaste and the fusion process was studied by electron microscopy and by synchrotron-based X-ray tomography microscopy (SRXTM) techniques. RESULTS The data showed that toothpaste, supplemented with the amorphous Ca-polyP microparticles (aCa-polyP-MP), not only reseals tooth defects on enamel, like carious lesions, and dentin, including exposed dentinal tubules, but also has the potential to induce re-mineralization in the enamel and dentin regions. The formation of a regeneration mineralic zone on the tooth surface induced by aCa-polyP-MP was enhanced upon exposure to artificial saliva, as demonstrated by SRXTM. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis revealed an increase in the calcium/phosphorus atomic ratio of the enamel deposits to values characteristic for the particles during the treatment with polyP applied in the toothpaste, indicating a fusion of the particles with the tooth mineral. SIGNIFICANCE Our results suggest that toothpaste enriched with aCa-polyP-MP is a promising biomimetic material for accelerating enamel and dentin restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Ackermann
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Johann Joachim Becher Weg 13, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Emad Tolba
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany; Polymers and Pigments Department, National Research Center, 33 El Buhouth St, Dokki, 12311 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Meik Neufurth
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Shunfeng Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Heinz C Schröder
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Werner E G Müller
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.
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Long-chain polyphosphate in osteoblast matrix vesicles: Enrichment and inhibition of mineralization. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2018; 1863:199-209. [PMID: 30312769 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) is a fundamental and ubiquitous molecule in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. PolyP has been found in mammalian tissues with particularly high levels of long-chain polyP in bone and cartilage where critical questions remain as to its localization and function. Here, we investigated polyP presence and function in osteoblast-like SaOS-2 cells and cell-derived matrix vesicles (MVs), the initial sites of bone mineral formation. METHODS PolyP was quantified by 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) fluorescence and characterized by enzymatic methods coupled to urea polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Transmission electron microscopy and confocal microscopy were used to investigate polyP localization. A chicken embryo cartilage model was used to investigate the effect of polyP on mineralization. RESULTS PolyP increased in concentration as SaOS-2 cells matured and mineralized. Particularly high levels of polyP were observed in MVs. The average length of MV polyP was determined to be longer than 196 Pi residues by gel chromatography. Electron micrographs of MVs, stained by two polyP-specific staining approaches, revealed polyP localization in the vicinity of the MV membrane. Additional extracellular polyP binds to MVs and inhibits MV-induced hydroxyapatite formation. CONCLUSION PolyP is highly enriched in matrix vesicles and can inhibit apatite formation. PolyP may be hydrolysed to phosphate for further mineralization in the extracellular matrix. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE PolyP is a unique yet underappreciated macromolecule which plays a critical role in extracellular mineralization in matrix vesicles.
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3D printing of hybrid biomaterials for bone tissue engineering: Calcium-polyphosphate microparticles encapsulated by polycaprolactone. Acta Biomater 2017; 64:377-388. [PMID: 28966095 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Here we describe the formulation of a morphogenetically active bio-ink consisting of amorphous microparticles (MP) prepared from Ca2+ and the physiological inorganic polymer, polyphosphate (polyP). Those MP had been fortified by mixing with poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) to allow 3D-bioprinting. The resulting granular PCL/Ca-polyP-MP hybrid material, liquefied by short-time heating to 100 °C, was used for the 3D-printing of tissue-like scaffolds formed by strands with a thickness of 400 µm and a stacked architecture leaving ≈0.5 mm2-sized open holes enabling cell migration. The printed composite scaffold turned out to combine suitable biomechanical properties (Young's modulus of 1.60 ± 0.1 GPa; Martens hardness of 153 ± 28 MPa), matching those of cortical and trabecular bone, with morphogenetic activity. This scaffold was capable of attracting and promoting the growth of human bone-related SaOS-2 cells as demonstrated by staining for cell viability (Calcein AM), cell density (DRAQ5) and SEM studies. Furthermore, the hybrid material was demonstrated to upregulate the steady-state-expression of the cell migration-inducing chemokine SDF-1α. EDX analysis and FTIR measurements revealed the presence of hydroxyapatite in the mineral deposits formed on the scaffold surface. Based on the results we conclude that granular PCL/Ca-polyP-MP hybrid material is suitable for the fabrication of bioprintable scaffold which comprises not only biomechanical stability but also morphogenetic potential. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE In present-day regenerative engineering efforts, biomaterial- and cell-based strategies are proposed that meet the required functional and spatial characteristics and variations, especially in the transition regions between soft (cartilage, tendon or ligament) and hard (bone) tissues. In a biomimetic approach we succeeded to fabricate amorphous Ca-polyP nanoparticles/microparticles which are highly biocompatible. Together with polycaprolactone (PCL), polyP can be bio-printed. This hybrid material attracts the cells, as documented optically as well as by a gene-expression studies. Since PCL is already a FDA-approved organic and inert polymer and polyP a physiological biologically active component this new bio-hybrid material has the potential to restore physiological functions, including bone remodelling and regeneration if used as implant.
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Wenz A, Borchers K, Tovar GEM, Kluger PJ. Bone matrix production in hydroxyapatite-modified hydrogels suitable for bone bioprinting. Biofabrication 2017; 9:044103. [DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/aa91ec] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Wang Y, Hao H, Zhang S. Biomimetic Coprecipitation of Silk Fibrin and Calcium Phosphate: Influence of Selenite Ions. Biol Trace Elem Res 2017; 178:338-347. [PMID: 28092074 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-017-0933-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Large bone defect creates an urgent need for osteogenic biomaterials. However, bone nonunion and infection are choke points in the therapy of this disease. How to recruit the mesenchymal stem cells to defect sites and increase the cell viability are the critical processes. One effective method was the fabrication of biomimetic silk fibrin/selenium-doped hydroxyapatite (SF/HASe) material, which could create a niche for cell proliferation. So, the aim of the present study was to seek a facile route to prepare this biocomposites and investigate the osteogenic capability. Results showed that the biomimetic coprecipitation was a successful route to prepare SF/HASe biocomposites, which presented higher cell proliferation activity and better modulation of the selenite release during incubation in biological medium. Besides, the biocomposites exhibited weird and porous pot morphology. Such features could provide large surface area for the cells and proteins to attach. Silk fibrin, adhered onto the surface of hydroxyapatite (HA) crystals, plays a crucial impact on the release profile of selenite ions. The release behavior of the selenite ions exhibited stably slow release fashion. Therefore, it is feasible to employ SF/HASe biocomposites to repair bone defects and apply into the therapy of osteosarcoma postoperatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Wang
- Medical Science College of China Three Gorges University, Life Science Building, No. 8 Daxue Road, Yichang, 443002, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hang Hao
- Advanced Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shengmin Zhang
- Advanced Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Müller WEG, Schröder HC, Wang X. The Understanding of the Metazoan Skeletal System, Based on the Initial Discoveries with Siliceous and Calcareous Sponges. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:E172. [PMID: 28604622 PMCID: PMC5484122 DOI: 10.3390/md15060172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Initiated by studies on the mechanism of formation of the skeletons of the evolutionary oldest still extant multicellular animals, the sponges (phylum Porifera) have provided new insights into the mechanism of formation of the Ca-phosphate/hydroxyapatite skeleton of vertebrate bone. Studies on the formation of the biomineral skeleton of sponges revealed that both the formation of the inorganic siliceous skeletons (sponges of the class of Hexactinellida and Demospongiae) and of the calcareous skeletons (class of Calcarea) is mediated by enzymes (silicatein: polymerization of biosilica; and carbonic anhydrase: deposition of Ca-carbonate). Detailed studies of the initial mineralization steps in human bone-forming cells showed that this process is also controlled by enzymes, starting with the deposition of Ca-carbonate bio-seeds, mediated by carbonic anhydrases-II and -IX, followed by non-enzymatic transformation of the formed amorphous Ca-carbonate deposits into amorphous Ca-phosphate and finally hydroxyapatite crystals. The required phosphate is provided by enzymatic (alkaline phosphatase-mediated) degradation of an inorganic polymer, polyphosphate (polyP), which also acts as a donor for chemically useful energy in this process. These new discoveries allow the development of novel biomimetic strategies for treatment of bone diseases and defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner E G Müller
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Heinz C Schröder
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.
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Müller WEG, Neufurth M, Ackermann M, Tolba E, Wang S, Feng Q, Schröder HC, Wang X. Fabrication of a new physiological macroporous hybrid biomaterial/bioscaffold material based on polyphosphate and collagen by freeze-extraction. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:3823-3835. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb00306d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A macroporous hybrid biomaterial/bioscaffold material, eliciting morphogenetic activity, was fabricated with polyphosphate, chondroitin sulfate and collagen by the freeze-extraction technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner E. G. Müller
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University
- D-55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Meik Neufurth
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University
- D-55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Maximilian Ackermann
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University
- D-55099 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Emad Tolba
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University
- D-55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Shunfeng Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University
- D-55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Qingling Feng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Heinz C. Schröder
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University
- D-55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University
- D-55128 Mainz
- Germany
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Li M, Ke QF, Tao SC, Guo SC, Rui BY, Guo YP. Fabrication of hydroxyapatite/chitosan composite hydrogels loaded with exosomes derived from miR-126-3p overexpressed synovial mesenchymal stem cells for diabetic chronic wound healing. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:6830-6841. [PMID: 32263577 DOI: 10.1039/c6tb01560c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The exploration of an effective diabetic chronic wound healing process still remains a great challenge. Herein, we used gene overexpression technology to obtain synovial mesenchymal stem cells (SMSCs) and the miR-126-3p highly expressed SMSCs (SMSCs-126). The exosomes derived from miR-126-3p overexpressed SMSCs (SMSCs-126-Exos) with a particle size of 85 nm were encapsulated in hydroxyapatite/chitosan (HAP-CS) composite hydrogels (HAP-CS-SMSCs-126-Exos) as wound dressings. The SMSCs-126-Exos, CS and low-crystallinity HAP nanorods with a length of 200 nm and a diameter of 50 nm are uniformly dispersed within the whole composite hydrogel. The HAP-CS-SMSCs-126-Exos possess the controlled release property of SMSCs-126-Exos for at least 6 days. The released SMSCs-126-Exos nanoparticles stimulate the proliferation and migration of human dermal fibroblasts and human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1). At the same time, the migration and capillary-network formation of HMEC-1 are promoted through the activation of MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT. In vivo tests demonstrate that the HAP-CS-SMSCs-126-Exos successfully promote wound surface re-epithelialization, accelerate angiogenesis, and expedite collagen maturity due to the presence of HAP, CS and SMSCs-126-Exos. Therefore, the HAP-CS-SMSCs-126-Exos possess great potential application for diabetic chronic wound healing, and especially provide the possibility of using exosomes derived from modified cells as a new approach to bring wonderful functionality and controllability in future chronic wound therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
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Lui ELH, Ao CKL, Li L, Khong ML, Tanner JA. Inorganic polyphosphate triggers upregulation of interleukin 11 in human osteoblast-like SaOS-2 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 479:766-771. [PMID: 27693781 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.09.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Polyphosphate (polyP) is abundant in bone but its roles in signaling and control of gene expression remain unclear. Here, we investigate the effect of extracellular polyP on proliferation, migration, apoptosis, gene and protein expression in human osteoblast-like SaOS-2 cells. Extracellular polyP promoted SaOS-2 cell proliferation, increased rates of migration, inhibited apoptosis and stimulated the rapid phosphorylation of extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) directly through basic fibroblast growth factor receptor (bFGFR). cDNA microarray revealed that polyP induced significant upregulation of interleukin 11 (IL-11) at both RNA and protein levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Lik-Hang Lui
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Carl Ka-Leong Ao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Lina Li
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Mei-Li Khong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Julian Alexander Tanner
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
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Müller WEG, Ackermann M, Tolba E, Neufurth M, Wang S, Schröder HC, Wang X. A bio-imitating approach to fabricate an artificial matrix for cartilage tissue engineering using magnesium-polyphosphate and hyaluronic acid. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra17043a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we describe an cartilage-like material based on a hyaluronic acid-Mg/Ca-polyphosphate that is fabricated from a water-soluble Na-salt of energy-rich inorganic polyphosphate and soluble hyaluronic acid in the presence of water-insoluble CaCO3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner E. G. Müller
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
- D-55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Maximilian Ackermann
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University
- D-55099 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Emad Tolba
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
- D-55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Meik Neufurth
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
- D-55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Shunfeng Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
- D-55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Heinz C. Schröder
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
- D-55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
- D-55128 Mainz
- Germany
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