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Kharrat M, Triki C, Ben Isaa A, Bouchaala W, Alila O, Chouchen J, Ghouliya Y, Kamoun F, Tlili A, Fakhfakh F. Expanding the genetic and phenotypic spectrum of TRAPPC9 and MID2-related neurodevelopmental disabilities: report of two novel mutations, 3D-modelling, and molecular docking studies. J Hum Genet 2024:10.1038/s10038-024-01242-9. [PMID: 38467738 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-024-01242-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Intellectual disabilities (ID) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have a variety of etiologies, including environmental and genetic factors. Our study reports a psychiatric clinical investigation and a molecular analysis using whole exome sequencing (WES) of two siblings with ID and ASD from a consanguineous family. Bioinformatic prediction and molecular docking analysis were also carried out. The two patients were diagnosed with profound intellectual disability, brain malformations such as cortical atrophy, acquired microcephaly, and autism level III. The neurological and neuropsychiatric examination revealed that P2 was more severely affected than P1, as he was unable to walk, presented with dysmorphic feature and exhibited self and hetero aggressive behaviors. The molecular investigations revealed a novel TRAPPC9 biallelic nonsense mutation (c.2920 C > T, p.R974X) in the two siblings. The more severely affected patient (P2) presented, along with the TRAPPC9 variant, a new missense mutation c.166 C > T (p.R56C) in the MID2 gene at hemizygous state, while his sister P1 was merely a carrier. The 3D modelling and molecular docking analysis revealed that c.166 C > T variant could affect the ability of MID2 binding to Astrin, leading to dysregulation of microtubule dynamics and causing morphological abnormalities in the brain. As our knowledge, the MID2 mutation (p.R56C) is the first one to be detected in Tunisia and causing phenotypic variability between the siblings. We extend the genetic and clinical spectrum of TRAPPC9 and MID2 mutations and highlights the possible concomitant presence of X-linked as well as autosomal recessive inheritance to causing ID, microcephaly, and autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Kharrat
- Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Genetics, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Chahnez Triki
- Child Neurology Department, Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
- Research laboratory (LR19ES15), Sfax Medical School, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Abir Ben Isaa
- Child Neurology Department, Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
- Research laboratory (LR19ES15), Sfax Medical School, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Wafa Bouchaala
- Child Neurology Department, Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
- Research laboratory (LR19ES15), Sfax Medical School, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Olfa Alila
- Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Genetics, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Jihen Chouchen
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yosra Ghouliya
- Child Neurology Department, Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
- Research laboratory (LR19ES15), Sfax Medical School, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Fatma Kamoun
- Child Neurology Department, Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
- Research laboratory (LR19ES15), Sfax Medical School, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Abdelaziz Tlili
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Faiza Fakhfakh
- Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Genetics, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia.
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Aljuraysi S, Platt M, Pulix M, Poptani H, Plagge A. Microcephaly with a disproportionate hippocampal reduction, stem cell loss and neuronal lipid droplet symptoms in Trappc9 KO mice. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 192:106431. [PMID: 38331351 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Mutations of the human TRAFFICKING PROTEIN PARTICLE COMPLEX SUBUNIT 9 (TRAPPC9) cause a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by microcephaly and intellectual disability. Trappc9 constitutes a subunit specific to the intracellular membrane-associated TrappII complex. The TrappII complex interacts with Rab11 and Rab18, the latter being specifically associated with lipid droplets (LDs). Here we used non-invasive imaging to characterise Trappc9 knock-out (KO) mice as a model of the human hereditary disorder. KOs developed postnatal microcephaly with many grey and white matter regions being affected. In vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) identified a disproportionately stronger volume reduction in the hippocampus, which was associated with a significant loss of Sox2-positive neural stem and progenitor cells. Diffusion tensor imaging indicated a reduced organisation or integrity of white matter areas. Trappc9 KOs displayed behavioural abnormalities in several tests related to exploration, learning and memory. Trappc9-deficient primary hippocampal neurons accumulated a larger LD volume per cell following Oleic Acid stimulation, and the coating of LDs by Perilipin-2 was much reduced. Additionally, Trappc9 KOs developed obesity, which was significantly more severe in females than in males. Our findings indicate that, beyond previously reported Rab11-related vesicle transport defects, dysfunctions in LD homeostasis might contribute to the neurobiological symptoms of Trappc9 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultan Aljuraysi
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK; Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mark Platt
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK; Centre for Preclinical Imaging, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Michela Pulix
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Harish Poptani
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK; Centre for Preclinical Imaging, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
| | - Antonius Plagge
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK; Centre for Preclinical Imaging, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
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Uctepe E, Yesilyurt A, Esen FN, Tumer S, Mancilar H, Sonmez FM. TRAPPC9-Related Intellectual Disability: Report of Two New Cases and Review of the Literature. Mol Syndromol 2023; 14:485-492. [PMID: 38058760 PMCID: PMC10697769 DOI: 10.1159/000531439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hereditary forms of intellectual disability (ID), an estimated prevalence ranging between 1% and 3% in the general population, are among the most important problems in health care. Especially, autosomal-recessive ID has a very heterogeneous molecular basis and a lack of specific phenotypic features. Methods Here, we report on two unrelated patients with autosomal-recessive ID, microcephaly, and autistic features and review the patients with TRAPPC9-related ID. Whole-exome sequencing and array CGH were performed for molecular diagnosis of the patients. Results The first case has a microdeletion on chromosome 8q24.23-q24.3 region which is 1.7 Mb in length and includes the last 5 exons of TRAPPC9, and c.3435delG [p.Thr1146Profs*8] deletion. The second case has a homozygous missense c.623A>C (p.His208Pro) variant in TRAPPC9 which is detected by means of whole-exome sequencing study of the proband. We also reviewed the clinical findings and mutation spectrum of all patients with TRAPPC9-related ID reported so far. Conclusions Our study showed that the most consistent clinical findings for TRAPPC9-related ID are ID, microcephaly, and some structural brain MRI abnormalities. The mutations in the TRAPPC9 are scattered throughout all exons of TRAPPC9 indicating there is no hot spot mutation region in this gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyyup Uctepe
- Acibadem Ankara Tissue Typing Laboratory, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Yesilyurt
- Acibadem Labgen Genetic Diagnosis Center, Istanbul, Turkey
- Acibadem Maslak Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Sait Tumer
- Acibadem Labgen Genetic Diagnosis Center, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Fatma Mujgan Sonmez
- Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Child Neurology, Ankara, Turkey
- Private office, Child Neurology, Ankara, Turkey
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Hu M, Bodnar B, Zhang Y, Xie F, Li F, Li S, Zhao J, Zhao R, Gedupoori N, Mo Y, Lin L, Li X, Meng W, Yang X, Wang H, Barbe MF, Srinivasan S, Bethea JR, Mo X, Xu H, Hu W. Defective neurite elongation and branching in Nibp/Trappc9 deficient zebrafish and mice. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:3226-3248. [PMID: 37416774 PMCID: PMC10321293 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.78489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss of function in transport protein particles (TRAPP) links a new set of emerging genetic disorders called "TRAPPopathies". One such disorder is NIBP syndrome, characterized by microcephaly and intellectual disability, and caused by mutations of NIBP/TRAPPC9, a crucial and unique member of TRAPPII. To investigate the neural cellular/molecular mechanisms underlying microcephaly, we developed Nibp/Trappc9-deficient animal models using different techniques, including morpholino knockdown and CRISPR/Cas mutation in zebrafish and Cre/LoxP-mediated gene targeting in mice. Nibp/Trappc9 deficiency impaired the stability of the TRAPPII complex at actin filaments and microtubules of neurites and growth cones. This deficiency also impaired elongation and branching of neuronal dendrites and axons, without significant effects on neurite initiation or neural cell number/types in embryonic and adult brains. The positive correlation of TRAPPII stability and neurite elongation/branching suggests a potential role for TRAPPII in regulating neurite morphology. These results provide novel genetic/molecular evidence to define patients with a type of non-syndromic autosomal recessive intellectual disability and highlight the importance of developing therapeutic approaches targeting the TRAPPII complex to cure TRAPPopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hu
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Brittany Bodnar
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Department of Pathalogy and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yonggang Zhang
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu 610052, China
| | - Fangxin Xie
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu 610052, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xi'an NO. 3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710018, China
| | - Fang Li
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Department of Pathalogy and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Siying Li
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ruotong Zhao
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Department of Pathalogy and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Naveen Gedupoori
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Department of Pathalogy and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yifan Mo
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Department of Pathalogy and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lanyi Lin
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Department of Pathalogy and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xue Li
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wentong Meng
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Department of Pathalogy and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hong Wang
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Department of Pathalogy and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mary F. Barbe
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Department of Pathalogy and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shanthi Srinivasan
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - John R. Bethea
- Department of Biology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xianming Mo
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hong Xu
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wenhui Hu
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Department of Pathalogy and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Penon-Portmann M, Hodoglugil U, Arun P W, Yip T, Slavotinek A, Tenney JL. TRAPPC9-related neurodevelopmental disorder: Report of a homozygous deletion in TRAPPC9 due to paternal uniparental isodisomy. Am J Med Genet A 2023; 191:1077-1082. [PMID: 36574751 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
TRAPPC9 loss-of-function biallelic variants are associated with an autosomal recessive intellectual disability syndrome (Online Mendelian Inheritance of Man no. 613192), also characterized by microcephaly, hypertelorism, obesity, growth delay, and behavioral differences. Here, we describe an 8-year-old Hispanic female with neurodevelopmental disorder, partial epilepsy, microcephaly, bilateral cleft lip and alveolus, growth delay, and dysmorphic features. She had abnormal myelination, mega cisterna magna, and colpocephaly on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Microarray showed a single ~146 Mb region of homozygosity (ROH) encompassing all of Chromosome 8, consistent with uniparental isodisomy (UPD). Exome sequencing performed in-house did not identify single nucleotide variants to explain her phenotype. Algorithms developed in-house and further evaluation of BAM files revealed a homozygous deletion overlapping Exon 2 in TRAPPC9 within the ROH. Subsequent del/dup analyses with exon-level oligo array confirmed a likely pathogenic deletion in TRAPPC9 (NM_031466.5): arr[GRCh37] 8q24.3(141460661_141461780)x0. Our case highlights the implications of downstream analyses from UPD/ROH given the increased risk for AR conditions, the strengths of combining orthologous molecular methods to establish a diagnosis and further delineates the TRAPPC9-related phenotype in an individual of Hispanic ancestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Penon-Portmann
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.,Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ugur Hodoglugil
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Wiita Arun P
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Tiffany Yip
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Anne Slavotinek
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.,Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Jessica L Tenney
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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Dattilo V, Ulivi S, Minelli A, La Bianca M, Giacopuzzi E, Bortolomasi M, Bignotti S, Gennarelli M, Gasparini P, Concas MP. Genome-wide association studies on Northern Italy isolated populations provide further support concerning genetic susceptibility for major depressive disorder. World J Biol Psychiatry 2023; 24:135-148. [PMID: 35615967 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2022.2082523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a psychiatric disorder with pathogenesis influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. To date, the molecular-level understanding of its aetiology remains unclear. Thus, we aimed to identify genetic variants and susceptibility genes for MDD with a genome-wide association study (GWAS) approach. METHODS We performed a meta-analysis of GWASs and a gene-based analysis on two Northern Italy isolated populations (cases/controls n = 166/472 and 33/320), followed by replication and polygenic risk score (PRS) analyses in Italian independent samples (cases n = 464, controls n = 339). RESULTS We identified two novel MDD-associated genes, KCNQ5 (lead SNP rs867262, p = 3.82 × 10-9) and CTNNA2 (rs6729523, p = 1.25 × 10-8). The gene-based analysis revealed another six genes (p < 2.703 × 10-6): GRM7, CTNT4, SNRK, SRGAP3, TRAPPC9, and FHIT. No replication of the genome-wide significant SNPs was found in the independent cohort, even if 14 SNPs around CTNNA2 showed association with MDD and related phenotypes at the nominal level of p (<0.05). Furthermore, the PRS model developed in the discovery cohort discriminated cases and controls in the replication cohort. CONCLUSIONS Our work suggests new possible genes associated with MDD, and the PRS analysis confirms the polygenic nature of this disorder. Future studies are required to better understand the role of these findings in MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Dattilo
- Genetics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Sheila Ulivi
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessandra Minelli
- Genetics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy.,Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Martina La Bianca
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Edoardo Giacopuzzi
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford University, Oxford, UK.,NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Stefano Bignotti
- Unit of Psychiatry, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Massimo Gennarelli
- Genetics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy.,Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Paolo Gasparini
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy.,Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Science, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Maria Pina Concas
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
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Amin M, Vignal C, Eltaraifee E, Mohammed IN, Hamed AAA, Elseed MA, Babai A, Elbadi I, Mustafa D, Abubaker R, Mustafa M, Drunat S, Elsayed LEO, Ahmed AE, Boespflug-Tanguy O, Dorboz I. A novel homozygous mutation in TRAPPC9 gene causing autosomal recessive non-syndromic intellectual disability. BMC Med Genomics 2022; 15:236. [PMID: 36348459 PMCID: PMC9644490 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-022-01354-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The etiology of intellectual disabilities is diverse and includes both genetic and environmental factors. The genetic causes of intellectual disabilities range from chromosomal aberrations to single gene disorders. The TRAPPC9 gene has been reported to cause autosomal recessive forms of intellectual disabilities in 56 patients from consanguineous and non-consanguineous families around the world. Methods We analyzed two siblings with intellectual disability, microcephaly and delayed motor and speech development from a consanguineous Sudanese family. Genomic DNA was screened for mutations using NGS panel (NextSeq500 Illumina) testing 173 microcephaly associated genes in the Molecular Genetics service in Robert Debre hospital in Paris, France. Results A novel homozygous mutation (NM_031466.7 (TRAPPC9):c.2288dup, p. (Val764Glyfs*7) in exon 14 of TRAPPC9 gene was found in the two patients. The mutation was predicted to cause nonsense mediated decay (NSMD) using SIFT prediction tool. The variant has not been found in either gnomAD or Exac databases. Both parents were heterozygous (carriers) to the mutation. Conclusion This is the first study to report patients with TRAPPC9-related disorder from Sub-Saharan Africa.
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Chhetri G, Ke Y, Wang P, Usman M, Li Y, Sapp E, Wang J, Ghosh A, Islam MA, Wang X, Boudi A, DiFiglia M, Li X. Impaired XK recycling for importing manganese underlies striatal vulnerability in Huntington's disease. J Cell Biol 2022; 221:213461. [PMID: 36099524 PMCID: PMC9475296 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202112073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutant huntingtin, which causes Huntington's disease (HD), is ubiquitously expressed but induces preferential loss of striatal neurons by unclear mechanisms. Rab11 dysfunction mediates homeostatic disturbance of HD neurons. Here, we report that Rab11 dysfunction also underscores the striatal vulnerability in HD. We profiled the proteome of Rab11-positive endosomes of HD-vulnerable striatal cells to look for protein(s) linking Rab11 dysfunction to striatal vulnerability in HD and found XK, which triggers the selective death of striatal neurons in McLeod syndrome. XK was trafficked together with Rab11 and was diminished on the surface of immortalized HD striatal cells and striatal neurons in HD mouse brains. We found that XK participated in transporting manganese, an essential trace metal depleted in HD brains. Introducing dominantly active Rab11 into HD striatal cells improved XK dynamics and increased manganese accumulation in an XK-dependent manner. Our study suggests that impaired Rab11-based recycling of XK onto cell surfaces for importing manganese is a driver of striatal dysfunction in Huntington's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Chhetri
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuting Ke
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA.,Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji'nan, China
| | - Muhammad Usman
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ellen Sapp
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA
| | - Jing Wang
- Instrumental Analysis Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Arabinda Ghosh
- Department of Botany, Microbiology Division, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Md Ariful Islam
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Adel Boudi
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA
| | - Marian DiFiglia
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA
| | - Xueyi Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA
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9
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Trappc9 Deficiency Impairs the Plasticity of Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094900. [PMID: 35563289 PMCID: PMC9101649 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic mutations of trappc9 cause intellectual disability with the atrophy of brain structures and variable obesity by poorly understood mechanisms. Trappc9-deficient mice develop phenotypes resembling pathological changes in humans and appear overweight shortly after weaning, and thus are useful for studying the pathogenesis of obesity. Here, we investigated the effects of trappc9 deficiency on the proliferation and differentiation capacity of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs). We isolated ASCs from mice before overweight was developed and found that trappc9-null ASCs exhibited signs of premature senescence and cell death. While the lineage commitment was retained, trappc9-null ASCs preferred adipogenic differentiation. We observed a profound accumulation of lipid droplets in adipogenic cells derived from trappc9-deficient ASCs and marked differences in the distribution patterns and levels of calcium deposited in osteoblasts obtained from trappc9-null ASCs. Biochemical studies revealed that trappc9 deficiency resulted in an upregulated expression of rab1, rab11, and rab18, and agitated autophagy in ASCs. Moreover, we found that the content of neural stem cells in both the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricle and the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus vastly declined in trappc9-null mice. Collectively, our results suggest that obesity, as well as brain structure hypoplasia induced by the deficiency of trappc9, involves an impairment in the plasticity of stem cells.
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TRAPPC9-CDG: A novel congenital disorder of glycosylation with dysmorphic features and intellectual disability. Genet Med 2022; 24:894-904. [PMID: 35042660 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2021.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE TRAPPC9 deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder mainly associated with intellectual disability (ID), microcephaly, and obesity. Previously, TRAPPC9 deficiency has not been associated with biochemical abnormalities. METHODS Exome sequencing was performed in 3 individuals with ID and dysmorphic features. N-Glycosylation analyses were performed in the patients' blood samples to test for possible congenital disorder of glycosylation (CDG). TRAPPC9 gene, TRAPPC9 protein expression, and N-glycosylation markers were assessed in patient fibroblasts. Complementation with wild-type TRAPPC9 and immunofluorescence studies to assess TRAPPC9 expression and localization were performed. The metabolic consequences of TRAPPC9 deficiency were evaluated using tracer metabolomics. RESULTS All 3 patients carried biallelic missense variants in TRAPPC9 and presented with an N-glycosylation defect in blood, consistent with CDG type I. Extensive investigations in patient fibroblasts corroborated TRAPPC9 deficiency and an N-glycosylation defect. Tracer metabolomics revealed global metabolic changes with several affected glycosylation-related metabolites. CONCLUSION We identified 3 TRAPPC9 deficient patients presenting with ID, dysmorphic features, and abnormal glycosylation. On the basis of our findings, we propose that TRAPPC9 deficiency could lead to a CDG (TRAPPC9-CDG). The finding of abnormal glycosylation in these patients is highly relevant for diagnosis, further elucidation of the pathophysiology, and management of the disease.
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Biallelic loss of TRAPPC9 function links vesicle trafficking pathway to autosomal recessive intellectual disability. J Hum Genet 2022; 67:279-284. [PMID: 34983975 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-021-01007-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The trafficking protein particle (TRAPP) complex subunit 9 (C9) protein is a member of TRAPP-II complexes and regulates vesicle trafficking. Biallelic mutations in the TRAPPC9 gene are responsible for intellectual disability with expanded developmental delay, epilepsy, microcephaly, and brain atrophy. TRAPPC9-related disease list is still expanding, however, the functional effects of only a limited fraction of these have been studied. METHODS In a patient with a pathological variant in TRAPPC9, clinical examination and cranial imaging findings were evaluated. Whole-exome sequencing, followed by Sanger sequencing was performed to detect and verify the variant. To confirm the functional effect of the mutation; variant mRNA and protein expression levels were evaluated by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. Immunostaining for TRAPPC9 and lipid droplet accumulation were examined. RESULTS We have identified a novel homozygous c.696C>G (p.Phe232Leu) pathogenic variant in TRAPPC9 (NM_031466.6) gene as a cause of severe developmental delay. Functional characterization of the TRAPPC9 variant resulted in decreased mRNA and protein expression. The intracellular findings showed that TRAPPC9 protein build-up around the nucleus in mutant type while there was no specific accumulation in the control cell line. This disrupted protein pattern affected the amount of neutral lipid-carrying vesicles and their homogenous distribution at a decreasing level. CONCLUSION Biallelic variants in the TRAPPC9 gene have been reported as the underlying cause of intellectual disability. This study provides functional evidence of the novel variant in TRAPPC9 We demonstrated that the loss of function variant exclusively targeting TRAPPC9 may explicate the neurological findings through vesicle trafficking.
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12
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Ben Ayed I, Bouchaala W, Bouzid A, Feki W, Souissi A, Ben Nsir S, Ben Said M, Sammouda T, Majdoub F, Kharrat I, Kamoun F, Elloumi I, Kamoun H, Tlili A, Masmoudi S, Triki C. Further insights into the spectrum phenotype of TRAPPC9 and CDK5RAP2 genes, segregating independently in a large Tunisian family with intellectual disability and microcephaly. Eur J Med Genet 2021; 64:104373. [PMID: 34737153 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2021.104373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Intellectual disability (ID) often co-occurs with other neurologic phenotypes making molecular diagnosis more challenging particularly in consanguineous populations with the co-segregation of more than one ID-related gene in some cases. In this study, we investigated the phenotype of three patients from a large Tunisian family with significant ID phenotypic variability and microcephaly and performed a clinical exome sequencing in two cases. We identified, within the first branch, a homozygous variant in the TRAPPC9 gene (p.Arg472Ter) in two cases presenting severe ID, absent speech, congenital/secondary microcephaly in addition to autistic features, supporting the implication of TRAPPC9 in the "secondary" autism spectrum disorders and congenital microcephaly. In the second branch, we identified a homozygous variant (p.Lys189ArgfsTer15) in the CDK5RAP2 gene associated with an heterozygous TRAPPC9 variant (p.Arg472Ter) in one case harbouring primary hereditary microcephaly (MCPH) associated with an inter-hypothalamic adhesion, mixed hearing loss, selective thinning in the retinal nerve fiber layer and parafoveal ganglion cell complex, and short stature. Our findings expand the spectrum of the recently reported neurosensorial abnormalities and revealed the variable phenotype expressivity of CDK5RAP2 defect. Our study highlights the complexity of the genetic background of microcephaly/ID and the efficiency of the exome sequencing to provide an accurate diagnosis and to improve the management and follow-up of such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikhlas Ben Ayed
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Screening Processes (LPCMC), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, Tunisia; Medical Genetics Department, University Hedi Chaker Hospital of Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Wafa Bouchaala
- Child Neurology Department, University Hedi Chaker Hospital of Sfax, Tunisia; Research Laboratory "Neuropédiatrie" LR19ES15, Sfax University, Tunisia
| | - Amal Bouzid
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Screening Processes (LPCMC), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, Tunisia; Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wiem Feki
- Radiology Department, Hedi Chaker University Hospital, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Amal Souissi
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Screening Processes (LPCMC), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Sihem Ben Nsir
- Child Neurology Department, University Hedi Chaker Hospital of Sfax, Tunisia; Research Laboratory "Neuropédiatrie" LR19ES15, Sfax University, Tunisia
| | - Mariem Ben Said
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Screening Processes (LPCMC), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Takwa Sammouda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Habib Bourguiba Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Fatma Majdoub
- Medical Genetics Department, University Hedi Chaker Hospital of Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Ines Kharrat
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Habib Bourguiba Hospital of Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Fatma Kamoun
- Child Neurology Department, University Hedi Chaker Hospital of Sfax, Tunisia; Research Laboratory "Neuropédiatrie" LR19ES15, Sfax University, Tunisia
| | - Ines Elloumi
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Screening Processes (LPCMC), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hassen Kamoun
- Medical Genetics Department, University Hedi Chaker Hospital of Sfax, Tunisia; Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, LR33ES99, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Abdelaziz Tlili
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Human Genetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Research Institute of Sciences and Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saber Masmoudi
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Screening Processes (LPCMC), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Chahnez Triki
- Child Neurology Department, University Hedi Chaker Hospital of Sfax, Tunisia; Research Laboratory "Neuropédiatrie" LR19ES15, Sfax University, Tunisia
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13
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Tang BL. Defects in early secretory pathway transport machinery components and neurodevelopmental disorders. Rev Neurosci 2021; 32:851-869. [PMID: 33781010 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2021-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The early secretory pathway, provisionally comprising of vesicular traffic between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the Golgi apparatus, occurs constitutively in mammalian cells. Critical for a constant supply of secretory and plasma membrane (PM) materials, the pathway is presumably essential for general cellular function and survival. Neurons exhibit a high intensity in membrane dynamics and protein/lipid trafficking, with differential and polarized trafficking towards the somatodendritic and axonal PM domains. Mutations in genes encoding early secretory pathway membrane trafficking machinery components are known to result in neurodevelopmental or neurological disorders with disease manifestation in early life. Here, such rare disorders associated with autosomal recessive mutations in coat proteins, membrane tethering complexes and membrane fusion machineries responsible for trafficking in the early secretory pathway are summarily discussed. These mutations affected genes encoding subunits of coat protein complex I and II, subunits of transport protein particle (TRAPP) complexes, members of the YIP1 domain family (YIPF) and a SNAP receptor (SNARE) family member. Why the ubiquitously present and constitutively acting early secretory pathway machinery components could specifically affect neurodevelopment is addressed, with the plausible underlying disease etiologies and neuropathological mechanisms resulting from these mutations explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bor Luen Tang
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 8 Medical Drive, Singapore117597, Singapore
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14
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Krämer J, Beer M, Bode H, Winter B. Two Novel Compound Heterozygous Mutations in the TRAPPC9 Gene Reveal a Connection of Non-syndromic Intellectual Disability and Autism Spectrum Disorder. Front Genet 2021; 11:972. [PMID: 33719327 PMCID: PMC7947907 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by deficits in communication, social interaction, and repetitive behavior. Up to 70% of ASD cases are linked with intellectual disability (ID). The major genetic causes for ASD and ID are largely unknown, however, a shared genetic etiology between ASD and ID must be assumed. The trafficking protein particle complex subunit 9 (TRAPPC9) is highly expressed in postmitotic neurons of the cerebral cortex, playing a key role in development. Among 43 reported cases with mutations in TRAPPC9, all (100%) showed ID and developmental delay. Among the cases including information about ASD, 26% were affected (19 cases with information, among them 5 with ASD). Nevertheless, in some cases not classified as ASD, descriptions of autistic features like hand-flapping movements were present. Clinical Findings The affected individual presented with delay of speech development. Physical development was normal. Besides lateral slope of the eye-lid axis no facial abnormalities were evident. The individual was diagnosed with ID and ASD by structured testing. Cerebral MRI revealed associated abnormalities. Genetical Findings The chromosome set was 46,XY without structural changes. Array-CGH showed a normal molecular karyotype (arr(1-22)x2,(X,Y)x1). PCR for the FMR1 gene showed 41 ± 1 CGG repeats, and therefore no evidence of fragile X syndrome. A panel diagnostic for syndromal ID (CASK, EP300, HIVEP2, KIF1A, TRAPPC9) revealed two structural changes in TRAPPC9 in the compound heterozygosity. The mutations c.1678C > T (p.Arg560Cys) and c.3370C > T (p.Pro1124Ser) are classified as missense mutations and are both not described in the literature. Conclusion We report two new missense mutations in the TRAPPC9 gene in one individual with ID and ASD. The TRAPPC9 gene should be part of the diagnostic assessment in ID. ASD must be considered as a feature of TRAPPC9-associated ID. It might have been neglected in the literature and should result in specific testing for ASD in affected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Krämer
- Division of Pediatric Neurology and Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Children's Hospital, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Meinrad Beer
- Department of Radiology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Harald Bode
- Division of Pediatric Neurology and Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Children's Hospital, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Benedikt Winter
- Division of Pediatric Neurology and Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Children's Hospital, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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15
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Yousefipour F, Mozhdehipanah H, Mahjoubi F. Identification of two novel homozygous nonsense mutations in TRAPPC9 in two unrelated consanguineous families with intellectual Disability from Iran. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2021; 9:e1610. [PMID: 33513295 PMCID: PMC8683625 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pathogenic mutations in TRAPPC9 are associated with autosomal recessive Intellectual Disability (ID), a major public health issue that affects about 1–3% of children worldwide. Method Clinical evaluation, magnetic resonance imaging, peripheral blood karyotype, Multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification (MLPA), array CGH, and whole‐exome sequencing were used to characterize etiology in three patients from two unrelated consanguineous families of Iranian descent with intellectual disability. Results Whole‐exome sequencing showed two novel homozygous nonsense mutations (c.937C>T) in exon 3 and (c.3103C>T) in exon 19 of TRAPPC9 (NM_031466.7) in two unrelated consanguineous families. Conclusion The two novel variants found in TRAPPC9 caused truncated protein and clinical manifestations such as ID, developmental delay, microcephaly, and brain abnormalities in three patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hossein Mozhdehipanah
- Department of Neurology, Bou Ali Sina Hospital, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
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16
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A novel homozygous variant in the TRAPPC9 gene causing intellectual disability and autism Spectrum disorder. Meta Gene 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2020.100783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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17
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Ke Y, Weng M, Chhetri G, Usman M, Li Y, Yu Q, Ding Y, Wang Z, Wang X, Sultana P, DiFiglia M, Li X. Trappc9 deficiency in mice impairs learning and memory by causing imbalance of dopamine D1 and D2 neurons. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/47/eabb7781. [PMID: 33208359 PMCID: PMC7673810 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abb7781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Genetic mutations in the gene encoding transport protein particle complex 9 (trappc9), a subunit of TRAPP that acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for rab proteins, cause intellectual disability with brain structural malformations by elusive mechanisms. Here, we report that trappc9-deficient mice exhibit a broad range of behavioral deficits and postnatal delay in growth of the brain. Contrary to volume decline of various brain structures, the striatum of trappc9 null mice was enlarged. An imbalance existed between dopamine D1 and D2 receptor containing neurons in the brain of trappc9-deficient mice; pharmacological manipulation of dopamine receptors improved performances of trappc9 null mice to levels of wild-type mice on cognitive tasks. Loss of trappc9 compromised the activation of rab11 in the brain and resulted in retardation of endocytic receptor recycling in neurons. Our study elicits a pathogenic mechanism and a potential treatment for trappc9-linked disorders including intellectual disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Ke
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Meiqian Weng
- Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, Combined Program in Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Gaurav Chhetri
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Muhammad Usman
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qing Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai General Hospital, 650 Songjiang Road, Songjiang District, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yingzhuo Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zejian Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Pinky Sultana
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Marian DiFiglia
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Xueyi Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
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18
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Bodnar B, DeGruttola A, Zhu Y, Lin Y, Zhang Y, Mo X, Hu W. Emerging role of NIK/IKK2-binding protein (NIBP)/trafficking protein particle complex 9 (TRAPPC9) in nervous system diseases. Transl Res 2020; 224:55-70. [PMID: 32434006 PMCID: PMC7442628 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2020.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
NFκB signaling and protein trafficking network play important roles in various biological and pathological processes. NIK-and-IKK2-binding protein (NIBP), also known as trafficking protein particle complex 9 (TRAPPC9), is a prototype member of a novel protein family, and has been shown to regulate both NFκB signaling pathway and protein transport/trafficking. NIBP is extensively expressed in the nervous system and plays an important role in regulating neurogenesis and neuronal differentiation. NIBP/TRAPPC9 mutations have been linked to an autosomal recessive intellectual disability syndrome, called NIBP Syndrome, which is characterized by nonsyndromic autosomal recessive intellectual disability along with other symptoms such as obesity, microcephaly, and facial dysmorphia. As more cases of NIBP Syndrome are identified, new light is being shed on the role of NIBP/TRAPPC9 in the central nervous system developments and diseases. NIBP is also involved in the enteric nervous system. This review will highlight the importance of NIBP/TRAPPC9 in central and enteric nervous system diseases, and the established possible mechanisms for developing a potential therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany Bodnar
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; MD/PhD and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Arianna DeGruttola
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; MD/PhD and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yuanjun Zhu
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Peking University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Lin
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yonggang Zhang
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, China
| | - Xianming Mo
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenhui Hu
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; MD/PhD and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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19
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Liang ZS, Cimino I, Yalcin B, Raghupathy N, Vancollie VE, Ibarra-Soria X, Firth HV, Rimmington D, Farooqi IS, Lelliott CJ, Munger SC, O’Rahilly S, Ferguson-Smith AC, Coll AP, Logan DW. Trappc9 deficiency causes parent-of-origin dependent microcephaly and obesity. PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1008916. [PMID: 32877400 PMCID: PMC7467316 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Some imprinted genes exhibit parental origin specific expression bias rather than being transcribed exclusively from one copy. The physiological relevance of this remains poorly understood. In an analysis of brain-specific allele-biased expression, we identified that Trappc9, a cellular trafficking factor, was expressed predominantly (~70%) from the maternally inherited allele. Loss-of-function mutations in human TRAPPC9 cause a rare neurodevelopmental syndrome characterized by microcephaly and obesity. By studying Trappc9 null mice we discovered that homozygous mutant mice showed a reduction in brain size, exploratory activity and social memory, as well as a marked increase in body weight. A role for Trappc9 in energy balance was further supported by increased ad libitum food intake in a child with TRAPPC9 deficiency. Strikingly, heterozygous mice lacking the maternal allele (70% reduced expression) had pathology similar to homozygous mutants, whereas mice lacking the paternal allele (30% reduction) were phenotypically normal. Taken together, we conclude that Trappc9 deficient mice recapitulate key pathological features of TRAPPC9 mutations in humans and identify a role for Trappc9 and its imprinting in controlling brain development and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengzheng S. Liang
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Irene Cimino
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Binnaz Yalcin
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université de Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | - Ximena Ibarra-Soria
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Helen V. Firth
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Debra Rimmington
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - I. Sadaf Farooqi
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Steven C. Munger
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, United States of America
| | - Stephen O’Rahilly
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Anthony P. Coll
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Darren W. Logan
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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20
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Klein M, Singgih EL, van Rens A, Demontis D, Børglum AD, Mota NR, Castells-Nobau A, Kiemeney LA, Brunner HG, Arias-Vasquez A, Schenck A, van der Voet M, Franke B. Contribution of Intellectual Disability-Related Genes to ADHD Risk and to Locomotor Activity in Drosophila. Am J Psychiatry 2020; 177:526-536. [PMID: 32046534 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2019.18050599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common, highly heritable neuropsychiatric disorder. ADHD often co-occurs with intellectual disability, and shared overlapping genetics have been suggested. The aim of this study was to identify novel ADHD genes by investigating whether genes carrying rare mutations linked to intellectual disability contribute to ADHD risk through common genetic variants. Validation and characterization of candidates were performed using Drosophila melanogaster. METHODS Common genetic variants in a diagnostic gene panel of 396 autosomal intellectual disability genes were tested for association with ADHD risk through gene set and gene-wide analyses, using ADHD meta-analytic data from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium for discovery (N=19,210) and ADHD data from the Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research for replication (N=37,076). The significant genes were functionally validated and characterized in Drosophila by assessing locomotor activity and sleep upon knockdown of those genes in brain circuits. RESULTS The intellectual disability gene set was significantly associated with ADHD risk in the discovery and replication data sets. The three genes most consistently associated were MEF2C, ST3GAL3, and TRAPPC9. Performing functional characterization of the two evolutionarily conserved genes in Drosophila melanogaster, the authors found that their knockdown in dopaminergic (dMEF2) and circadian neurons (dTRAPPC9) resulted in increased locomotor activity and reduced sleep, concordant with the human phenotype. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals that a large set of intellectual disability-related genes contribute to ADHD risk through effects of common alleles. Utilizing this continuity, the authors identified TRAPPC9, MEF2C, and ST3GAL3 as novel ADHD candidate genes. Characterization in Drosophila suggests that TRAPPC9 and MEF2C contribute to ADHD-related behavior through distinct neural substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieke Klein
- Department of Human Genetics (Klein, Singgih, van Rens, Mota, Castells-Nobau, Brunner, Arias-Vasquez, Schenck, van der Voet, Franke), Department of Psychiatry (Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke), and Department for Health Evidence (Kiemeney), Radboud University Medical Center and Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Biomedicine and Center for Integrative Sequencing (iSEQ), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (Demontis, Børglum); and Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Denmark (Demontis, Børglum)
| | - Euginia L Singgih
- Department of Human Genetics (Klein, Singgih, van Rens, Mota, Castells-Nobau, Brunner, Arias-Vasquez, Schenck, van der Voet, Franke), Department of Psychiatry (Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke), and Department for Health Evidence (Kiemeney), Radboud University Medical Center and Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Biomedicine and Center for Integrative Sequencing (iSEQ), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (Demontis, Børglum); and Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Denmark (Demontis, Børglum)
| | - Anne van Rens
- Department of Human Genetics (Klein, Singgih, van Rens, Mota, Castells-Nobau, Brunner, Arias-Vasquez, Schenck, van der Voet, Franke), Department of Psychiatry (Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke), and Department for Health Evidence (Kiemeney), Radboud University Medical Center and Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Biomedicine and Center for Integrative Sequencing (iSEQ), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (Demontis, Børglum); and Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Denmark (Demontis, Børglum)
| | - Ditte Demontis
- Department of Human Genetics (Klein, Singgih, van Rens, Mota, Castells-Nobau, Brunner, Arias-Vasquez, Schenck, van der Voet, Franke), Department of Psychiatry (Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke), and Department for Health Evidence (Kiemeney), Radboud University Medical Center and Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Biomedicine and Center for Integrative Sequencing (iSEQ), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (Demontis, Børglum); and Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Denmark (Demontis, Børglum)
| | - Anders D Børglum
- Department of Human Genetics (Klein, Singgih, van Rens, Mota, Castells-Nobau, Brunner, Arias-Vasquez, Schenck, van der Voet, Franke), Department of Psychiatry (Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke), and Department for Health Evidence (Kiemeney), Radboud University Medical Center and Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Biomedicine and Center for Integrative Sequencing (iSEQ), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (Demontis, Børglum); and Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Denmark (Demontis, Børglum)
| | - Nina Roth Mota
- Department of Human Genetics (Klein, Singgih, van Rens, Mota, Castells-Nobau, Brunner, Arias-Vasquez, Schenck, van der Voet, Franke), Department of Psychiatry (Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke), and Department for Health Evidence (Kiemeney), Radboud University Medical Center and Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Biomedicine and Center for Integrative Sequencing (iSEQ), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (Demontis, Børglum); and Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Denmark (Demontis, Børglum)
| | - Anna Castells-Nobau
- Department of Human Genetics (Klein, Singgih, van Rens, Mota, Castells-Nobau, Brunner, Arias-Vasquez, Schenck, van der Voet, Franke), Department of Psychiatry (Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke), and Department for Health Evidence (Kiemeney), Radboud University Medical Center and Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Biomedicine and Center for Integrative Sequencing (iSEQ), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (Demontis, Børglum); and Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Denmark (Demontis, Børglum)
| | - Lambertus A Kiemeney
- Department of Human Genetics (Klein, Singgih, van Rens, Mota, Castells-Nobau, Brunner, Arias-Vasquez, Schenck, van der Voet, Franke), Department of Psychiatry (Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke), and Department for Health Evidence (Kiemeney), Radboud University Medical Center and Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Biomedicine and Center for Integrative Sequencing (iSEQ), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (Demontis, Børglum); and Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Denmark (Demontis, Børglum)
| | - Han G Brunner
- Department of Human Genetics (Klein, Singgih, van Rens, Mota, Castells-Nobau, Brunner, Arias-Vasquez, Schenck, van der Voet, Franke), Department of Psychiatry (Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke), and Department for Health Evidence (Kiemeney), Radboud University Medical Center and Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Biomedicine and Center for Integrative Sequencing (iSEQ), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (Demontis, Børglum); and Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Denmark (Demontis, Børglum)
| | - Alejandro Arias-Vasquez
- Department of Human Genetics (Klein, Singgih, van Rens, Mota, Castells-Nobau, Brunner, Arias-Vasquez, Schenck, van der Voet, Franke), Department of Psychiatry (Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke), and Department for Health Evidence (Kiemeney), Radboud University Medical Center and Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Biomedicine and Center for Integrative Sequencing (iSEQ), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (Demontis, Børglum); and Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Denmark (Demontis, Børglum)
| | - Annette Schenck
- Department of Human Genetics (Klein, Singgih, van Rens, Mota, Castells-Nobau, Brunner, Arias-Vasquez, Schenck, van der Voet, Franke), Department of Psychiatry (Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke), and Department for Health Evidence (Kiemeney), Radboud University Medical Center and Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Biomedicine and Center for Integrative Sequencing (iSEQ), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (Demontis, Børglum); and Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Denmark (Demontis, Børglum)
| | - Monique van der Voet
- Department of Human Genetics (Klein, Singgih, van Rens, Mota, Castells-Nobau, Brunner, Arias-Vasquez, Schenck, van der Voet, Franke), Department of Psychiatry (Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke), and Department for Health Evidence (Kiemeney), Radboud University Medical Center and Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Biomedicine and Center for Integrative Sequencing (iSEQ), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (Demontis, Børglum); and Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Denmark (Demontis, Børglum)
| | - Barbara Franke
- Department of Human Genetics (Klein, Singgih, van Rens, Mota, Castells-Nobau, Brunner, Arias-Vasquez, Schenck, van der Voet, Franke), Department of Psychiatry (Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke), and Department for Health Evidence (Kiemeney), Radboud University Medical Center and Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Biomedicine and Center for Integrative Sequencing (iSEQ), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (Demontis, Børglum); and Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Denmark (Demontis, Børglum)
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21
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Vitamin D Supplementation Rescues Aberrant NF-κB Pathway Activation and Partially Ameliorates Rett Syndrome Phenotypes in Mecp2 Mutant Mice. eNeuro 2020; 7:ENEURO.0167-20.2020. [PMID: 32393583 PMCID: PMC7253640 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0167-20.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Rett syndrome (RTT) is a severe, progressive X-linked neurodevelopmental disorder caused by mutations in the transcriptional regulator MECP2. We previously identified aberrant NF-κB pathway upregulation in brains of Mecp2-null mice and demonstrated that genetically attenuating NF-κB rescues some characteristic neuronal RTT phenotypes. These results raised the intriguing question of whether NF-κB pathway inhibitors might provide a therapeutic avenue in RTT. Here, we investigate whether the known NF-κB pathway inhibitor vitamin D ameliorates neuronal phenotypes in Mecp2-mutant mice. Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent among RTT patients, and we find that Mecp2-null mice similarly have significantly reduced 25(OH)D serum levels compared with wild-type littermates. We identify that vitamin D rescues aberrant NF-κB pathway activation and reduced neurite outgrowth of Mecp2 knock-down cortical neurons in vitro. Further, dietary supplementation with vitamin D in early symptomatic male Mecp2 hemizygous null and female Mecp2 heterozygous mice ameliorates reduced neocortical dendritic morphology and soma size phenotypes and modestly improves reduced lifespan of Mecp2-nulls. These results elucidate fundamental neurobiology of RTT and provide foundation that NF-κB pathway inhibition might be a therapeutic target for RTT.
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22
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Yarwood R, Hellicar J, Woodman PG, Lowe M. Membrane trafficking in health and disease. Dis Model Mech 2020; 13:13/4/dmm043448. [PMID: 32433026 PMCID: PMC7197876 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.043448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane trafficking pathways are essential for the viability and growth of cells, and play a major role in the interaction of cells with their environment. In this At a Glance article and accompanying poster, we outline the major cellular trafficking pathways and discuss how defects in the function of the molecular machinery that mediates this transport lead to various diseases in humans. We also briefly discuss possible therapeutic approaches that may be used in the future treatment of trafficking-based disorders. Summary: This At a Glance article and poster summarise the major intracellular membrane trafficking pathways and associated molecular machineries, and describe how defects in these give rise to disease in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Yarwood
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - John Hellicar
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Philip G Woodman
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Martin Lowe
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
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23
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Wilton KM, Gunderson LB, Hasadsri L, Wood CP, Schimmenti LA. Profound intellectual disability caused by homozygous TRAPPC9 pathogenic variant in a man from Malta. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2020; 8:e1211. [PMID: 32162493 PMCID: PMC7216808 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Intellectual disability is a complex multi‐faceted condition with diverse underlying etiologies. One rare form of intellectual disability is secondary to the loss of TRAPPC9, an activator of NF‐κB and a mediator of intracellular protein processing and trafficking. TRAPPC9 deficiency has been described in 48 patients with more than 15 pathologic variants. Method Clinical evaluation, magnetic resonance imaging, and whole‐exome sequencing were used to characterize the underlying cause of absent speech, restricted/repetitive behaviors, and worsening behavioral outbursts in 27‐year‐old man from Malta. Results Magnetic Resonance Imaging showed morphologic abnormalities, including global cerebral and cerebellar hypoplasia. Genetic analysis through Whole Exome Sequencing identified a homozygous deletion (c.568_574del) in TRAPPC9 resulting in a frameshift, premature stop codon, and ultimately a truncated protein (p.Trp190Argfs*95). In this case, the pathogenic variant was homozygous, identified in both of the parents without known consanguinity. Conclusion Given the phenotype and genotype consistent with a deficiency in TRAPPC9, it is likely that this patient represents a novel case of this rare genetic syndrome. Specifically, this case, in the context of 48 total reported patients, raises questions as to the geographic origin of the pathologic variant and optimal detection and therapeutic intervention for this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelynn M Wilton
- Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine Medical Scientist Training Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Linda Hasadsri
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Lisa A Schimmenti
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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24
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Van Bergen NJ, Guo Y, Al-Deri N, Lipatova Z, Stanga D, Zhao S, Murtazina R, Gyurkovska V, Pehlivan D, Mitani T, Gezdirici A, Antony J, Collins F, Willis MJH, Coban Akdemir ZH, Liu P, Punetha J, Hunter JV, Jhangiani SN, Fatih JM, Rosenfeld JA, Posey JE, Gibbs RA, Karaca E, Massey S, Ranasinghe TG, Sleiman P, Troedson C, Lupski JR, Sacher M, Segev N, Hakonarson H, Christodoulou J. Deficiencies in vesicular transport mediated by TRAPPC4 are associated with severe syndromic intellectual disability. Brain 2020; 143:112-130. [PMID: 31794024 PMCID: PMC6935753 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awz374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The conserved transport protein particle (TRAPP) complexes regulate key trafficking events and are required for autophagy. TRAPPC4, like its yeast Trs23 orthologue, is a core component of the TRAPP complexes and one of the essential subunits for guanine nucleotide exchange factor activity for Rab1 GTPase. Pathogenic variants in specific TRAPP subunits are associated with neurological disorders. We undertook exome sequencing in three unrelated families of Caucasian, Turkish and French-Canadian ethnicities with seven affected children that showed features of early-onset seizures, developmental delay, microcephaly, sensorineural deafness, spastic quadriparesis and progressive cortical and cerebellar atrophy in an effort to determine the genetic aetiology underlying neurodevelopmental disorders. All seven affected subjects shared the same identical rare, homozygous, potentially pathogenic variant in a non-canonical, well-conserved splice site within TRAPPC4 (hg19:chr11:g.118890966A>G; TRAPPC4: NM_016146.5; c.454+3A>G). Single nucleotide polymorphism array analysis revealed there was no haplotype shared between the tested Turkish and Caucasian families suggestive of a variant hotspot region rather than a founder effect. In silico analysis predicted the variant to cause aberrant splicing. Consistent with this, experimental evidence showed both a reduction in full-length transcript levels and an increase in levels of a shorter transcript missing exon 3, suggestive of an incompletely penetrant splice defect. TRAPPC4 protein levels were significantly reduced whilst levels of other TRAPP complex subunits remained unaffected. Native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and size exclusion chromatography demonstrated a defect in TRAPP complex assembly and/or stability. Intracellular trafficking through the Golgi using the marker protein VSVG-GFP-ts045 demonstrated significantly delayed entry into and exit from the Golgi in fibroblasts derived from one of the affected subjects. Lentiviral expression of wild-type TRAPPC4 in these fibroblasts restored trafficking, suggesting that the trafficking defect was due to reduced TRAPPC4 levels. Consistent with the recent association of the TRAPP complex with autophagy, we found that the fibroblasts had a basal autophagy defect and a delay in autophagic flux, possibly due to unsealed autophagosomes. These results were validated using a yeast trs23 temperature sensitive variant that exhibits constitutive and stress-induced autophagic defects at permissive temperature and a secretory defect at restrictive temperature. In summary we provide strong evidence for pathogenicity of this variant in a member of the core TRAPP subunit, TRAPPC4 that associates with vesicular trafficking and autophagy defects. This is the first report of a TRAPPC4 variant, and our findings add to the growing number of TRAPP-associated neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole J Van Bergen
- Brain and Mitochondrial Research Group, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Yiran Guo
- Center for Applied Genomics (CAG) at the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP), Philadelphia, USA
| | - Noraldin Al-Deri
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Zhanna Lipatova
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Daniela Stanga
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sarah Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rakhilya Murtazina
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Valeriya Gyurkovska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Davut Pehlivan
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Section of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Neuroscience, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Tadahiro Mitani
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Alper Gezdirici
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, 34303, Turkey
| | - Jayne Antony
- TY Nelson Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | - Felicity Collins
- Western Sydney Genetics Program, Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
- Medical Genomics Department, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mary J H Willis
- Department of Pediatrics, Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Zeynep H Coban Akdemir
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Jaya Punetha
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Jill V Hunter
- Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Shalini N Jhangiani
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jawid M Fatih
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Jill A Rosenfeld
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Jennifer E Posey
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Richard A Gibbs
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ender Karaca
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Sean Massey
- Brain and Mitochondrial Research Group, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Thisara G Ranasinghe
- Brain and Mitochondrial Research Group, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Patrick Sleiman
- Center for Applied Genomics (CAG) at the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP), Philadelphia, USA
| | - Chris Troedson
- TY Nelson Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | - James R Lupski
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Michael Sacher
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nava Segev
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics (CAG) at the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP), Philadelphia, USA
| | - John Christodoulou
- Brain and Mitochondrial Research Group, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Royal Children’s Hospital, VIC, Australia
- Kids Research, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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25
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Rasika S, Passemard S, Verloes A, Gressens P, El Ghouzzi V. Golgipathies in Neurodevelopment: A New View of Old Defects. Dev Neurosci 2019; 40:396-416. [PMID: 30878996 DOI: 10.1159/000497035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The Golgi apparatus (GA) is involved in a whole spectrum of activities, from lipid biosynthesis and membrane secretion to the posttranslational processing and trafficking of most proteins, the control of mitosis, cell polarity, migration and morphogenesis, and diverse processes such as apoptosis, autophagy, and the stress response. In keeping with its versatility, mutations in GA proteins lead to a number of different disorders, including syndromes with multisystem involvement. Intriguingly, however, > 40% of the GA-related genes known to be associated with disease affect the central or peripheral nervous system, highlighting the critical importance of the GA for neural function. We have previously proposed the term "Golgipathies" in relation to a group of disorders in which mutations in GA proteins or their molecular partners lead to consequences for brain development, in particular postnatal-onset microcephaly (POM), white-matter defects, and intellectual disability (ID). Here, taking into account the broader role of the GA in the nervous system, we refine and enlarge this emerging concept to include other disorders whose symptoms may be indicative of altered neurodevelopmental processes, from neurogenesis to neuronal migration and the secretory function critical for the maturation of postmitotic neurons and myelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sowmyalakshmi Rasika
- NeuroDiderot, INSERM UMR1141, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,AP HP, Hôpital Robert Debré, UF de Génétique Clinique, Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Passemard
- NeuroDiderot, INSERM UMR1141, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,AP HP, Hôpital Robert Debré, UF de Génétique Clinique, Paris, France
| | - Alain Verloes
- NeuroDiderot, INSERM UMR1141, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,AP HP, Hôpital Robert Debré, UF de Génétique Clinique, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Gressens
- NeuroDiderot, INSERM UMR1141, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Centre for the Developing Brain, Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, King's Health Partners, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Vincent El Ghouzzi
- NeuroDiderot, INSERM UMR1141, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France,
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26
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Hnoonual A, Graidist P, Kritsaneepaiboon S, Limprasert P. Novel Compound Heterozygous Mutations in the TRAPPC9 Gene in Two Siblings With Autism and Intellectual Disability. Front Genet 2019; 10:61. [PMID: 30853973 PMCID: PMC6396715 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a highly heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder with many contributing risk genes and loci. To date, several intellectual disability (ID) susceptibility genes have frequently been identified in ASD. Here, whole exome sequencing was carried out on a proband with ASD and identified compound heterozygous mutations of the TRAPPC9, which plays a role in the neuronal NF-κB signaling pathway. These mutations consisted of a novel frameshift mutation (c.2415_2416insC, p.His806Profs∗9) and a rare splice site mutation (c.3349+1G>A) that were segregated from an unaffected father and unaffected mother, respectively. These two heterozygous mutations were also identified in the patient’s older brother with ID. Quantitative RT-PCR revealed a significant reduction of TRAPPC9 transcript in two siblings. This study first describes compound heterozygous mutations of the TRAPPC9 gene in two siblings with ASD and ID, which is notable as only homozygous mutations or compound heterozygous for copy number variations and rare variant in this gene have been reported to date and associated with autosomal recessive intellectual disability. The two siblings carrying compound heterozygous TRAPPC9 mutations presented with ID, developmental delay, microcephaly and brain abnormalities similarly to the clinical features found in almost cases with homozygous TRAPPC9 mutation in previous studies. Together this study provides evidence that clinical manifestations of TRAPPC9 mutations as seen in our patients with ID and autism may be broader than previous case reports have indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areerat Hnoonual
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Potchanapond Graidist
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand.,The Excellent Research Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Biology, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Supika Kritsaneepaiboon
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Pornprot Limprasert
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand.,Faculty of Medicine, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, Thailand
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27
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Hsu CL, Chou CH, Huang SC, Lin CY, Lin MY, Tung CC, Lin CY, Lai IP, Zou YF, Youngson NA, Lin SP, Yang CH, Chen SK, Gau SSF, Huang HS. Analysis of experience-regulated transcriptome and imprintome during critical periods of mouse visual system development reveals spatiotemporal dynamics. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 27:1039-1054. [PMID: 29346572 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Visual system development is light-experience dependent, which strongly implicates epigenetic mechanisms in light-regulated maturation. Among many epigenetic processes, genomic imprinting is an epigenetic mechanism through which monoallelic gene expression occurs in a parent-of-origin-specific manner. It is unknown if genomic imprinting contributes to visual system development. We profiled the transcriptome and imprintome during critical periods of mouse visual system development under normal- and dark-rearing conditions using B6/CAST F1 hybrid mice. We identified experience-regulated, isoform-specific and brain-region-specific imprinted genes. We also found imprinted microRNAs were predominantly clustered into the Dlk1-Dio3 imprinted locus with light experience affecting some imprinted miRNA expression. Our findings provide the first comprehensive analysis of light-experience regulation of the transcriptome and imprintome during critical periods of visual system development. Our results may contribute to therapeutic strategies for visual impairments and circadian rhythm disorders resulting from a dysfunctional imprintome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Lin Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsuan Chou
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chuan Huang
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yi Lin
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Ying Lin
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Che Tung
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yen Lin
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, Yong-He Cardinal Tien Hospital, Taipei 234, Taiwan
| | - Ivan Pochou Lai
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Fang Zou
- Department of Life Science, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Neil A Youngson
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Shau-Ping Lin
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Bio-Resources & Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Hao Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Kuo Chen
- Department of Life Science, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan.,Neurodevelopment Club in Taiwan, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Susan Shur-Fen Gau
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Sung Huang
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan.,Neurodevelopment Club in Taiwan, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
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28
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Smajlagić D, Kvarme Jacobsen K, Myrum C, Haavik J, Johansson S, Zayats T. Moderating effect of mode of delivery on the genetics of intelligence: Explorative genome-wide analyses in ALSPAC. Brain Behav 2018; 8:e01144. [PMID: 30378284 PMCID: PMC6305932 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intelligence is a core construct of individual differences in cognitive abilities and a strong predictor of important life outcomes. Within recent years, rates of cesarean section have substantially increased globally, though little is known about its effect on neurodevelopmental trajectories. Thus, we aimed to investigate the influence of delivery by cesarean section on the genetics of intelligence in children. METHODS Participants were recruited through the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Intelligence was measured by the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC). Genotyping was performed using the Illumina Human Hap 550 quad genome-wide SNP genotyping platform and was followed by imputation using MACH software. Genome-wide interaction analyses were conducted using linear regression. RESULTS A total of 2,421 children and 2,141,747 SNPs were subjected to the genome-wide interaction analyses. No variant reached genome-wide significance. The strongest interaction was observed at rs17800861 in the GRIN2A gene (β = -3.43, 95% CI = -4.74 to -2.12, p = 2.98E-07). This variant is predicted to be located within active chromatin compartments in the hippocampus and may influence binding of the NF-kappaB transcription factor. CONCLUSIONS Our results may indicate that mode of delivery might have a moderating effect on genetic disposition of intelligence in children. Studies of considerable sizes (>10,000) are likely required to more robustly detect variants governing such interaction. In summary, the presented findings prompt the need for further studies aimed at increasing our understanding of effects various modes of delivery may have on health outcomes in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinka Smajlagić
- Department of Clinical Science, KG Jebsen Center for Neuropsychiatric DisordersUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
- Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular MedicineHaukeland University HospitalBergenNorway
| | - Kaya Kvarme Jacobsen
- Department of Biomedicine, KG Jebsen Center for Neuropsychiatric DisordersUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
| | - Craig Myrum
- Department of Biomedicine, KG Jebsen Center for Neuropsychiatric DisordersUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
| | - Jan Haavik
- Department of Biomedicine, KG Jebsen Center for Neuropsychiatric DisordersUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
| | - Stefan Johansson
- Department of Clinical Science, KG Jebsen Center for Neuropsychiatric DisordersUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
- Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular MedicineHaukeland University HospitalBergenNorway
| | - Tetyana Zayats
- Department of Biomedicine, KG Jebsen Center for Neuropsychiatric DisordersUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
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Sacher M, Shahrzad N, Kamel H, Milev MP. TRAPPopathies: An emerging set of disorders linked to variations in the genes encoding transport protein particle (TRAPP)-associated proteins. Traffic 2018; 20:5-26. [PMID: 30152084 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The movement of proteins between cellular compartments requires the orchestrated actions of many factors including Rab family GTPases, Soluble NSF Attachment protein REceptors (SNAREs) and so-called tethering factors. One such tethering factor is called TRAnsport Protein Particle (TRAPP), and in humans, TRAPP proteins are distributed into two related complexes called TRAPP II and III. Although thought to act as a single unit within the complex, in the past few years it has become evident that some TRAPP proteins function independently of the complex. Consistent with this, variations in the genes encoding these proteins result in a spectrum of human diseases with diverse, but partially overlapping, phenotypes. This contrasts with other tethering factors such as COG, where variations in the genes that encode its subunits all result in an identical phenotype. In this review, we present an up-to-date summary of all the known disease-related variations of genes encoding TRAPP-associated proteins and the disorders linked to these variations which we now call TRAPPopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Sacher
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nassim Shahrzad
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Hiba Kamel
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Miroslav P Milev
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Mbimba T, Hussein NJ, Najeed A, Safadi FF. TRAPPC9: Novel insights into its trafficking and signaling pathways in health and disease (Review). Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:2991-2997. [PMID: 30272317 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Trafficking protein particle complex 9 (TRAPPC9) is a protein subunit of the transport protein particle II (TRAPPII), which has been reported to be important in the trafficking of cargo from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi, and in intra‑Golgi and endosome‑to‑Golgi transport in yeast cells. In mammalian cells, TRAPPII has been shown to be important in Golgi vesicle tethering and intra‑Golgi transport. TRAPPC9 is considered to be a novel molecule capable of modulating the activation of nuclear factor‑κB (NF‑κB). Mutations in TRAPPC9 have been linked to a rare consanguineous hereditary form of mental retardation, as part of the NF‑κB pathways. In addition, TRAPPC9 has been reported to be involved in breast and colon cancer and liver diseases. The present review highlights the most recent publications on the structure, expression and function of TRAPPC9, and its association with various human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Mbimba
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Nazar J Hussein
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Ayesha Najeed
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Fayez F Safadi
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
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Milev MP, Graziano C, Karall D, Kuper WFE, Al-Deri N, Cordelli DM, Haack TB, Danhauser K, Iuso A, Palombo F, Pippucci T, Prokisch H, Saint-Dic D, Seri M, Stanga D, Cenacchi G, van Gassen KLI, Zschocke J, Fauth C, Mayr JA, Sacher M, van Hasselt PM. Bi-allelic mutations in TRAPPC2L result in a neurodevelopmental disorder and have an impact on RAB11 in fibroblasts. J Med Genet 2018; 55:753-764. [DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2018-105441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundThe combination of febrile illness-induced encephalopathy and rhabdomyolysis has thus far only been described in disorders that affect cellular energy status. In the absence of specific metabolic abnormalities, diagnosis can be challenging.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to identify and characterise pathogenic variants in two individuals from unrelated families, both of whom presented clinically with a similar phenotype that included neurodevelopmental delay, febrile illness-induced encephalopathy and episodes of rhabdomyolysis, followed by developmental arrest, epilepsy and tetraplegia.MethodsWhole exome sequencing was used to identify pathogenic variants in the two individuals. Biochemical and cell biological analyses were performed on fibroblasts from these individuals and a yeast two-hybrid analysis was used to assess protein-protein interactions.ResultsProbands shared a homozygous TRAPPC2L variant (c.109G>T) resulting in a p.Asp37Tyr missense variant. TRAPPC2L is a component of transport protein particle (TRAPP), a group of multisubunit complexes that function in membrane traffic and autophagy. Studies in patient fibroblasts as well as in a yeast system showed that the p.Asp37Tyr protein was present but not functional and resulted in specific membrane trafficking delays. The human missense mutation and the analogous mutation in the yeast homologue Tca17 ablated the interaction between TRAPPC2L and TRAPPC10/Trs130, a component of the TRAPP II complex. Since TRAPP II activates the GTPase RAB11, we examined the activation state of this protein and found increased levels of the active RAB, correlating with changes in its cellular morphology.ConclusionsOur study implicates a RAB11 pathway in the aetiology of the TRAPPC2L disorder and has implications for other TRAPP-related disorders with similar phenotypes.
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Duerinckx S, Meuwissen M, Perazzolo C, Desmyter L, Pirson I, Abramowicz M. Phenotypes in siblings with homozygous mutations of TRAPPC9 and/or MCPH1 support a bifunctional model of MCPH1. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2018; 6:660-665. [PMID: 29693325 PMCID: PMC6081227 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autosomal recessive intellectual disability (ARID) is vastly heterogeneous. Truncating mutations of TRAPPC9 were reported in 8 ARID families. Autosomal recessive primary microcephaly (MCPH) represents another subgroup of ARID, itself very heterogeneous, where the size of the brain is very small since birth. MCPH1 plays a role at the centrosome via a BRCT1 domain, and in DNA Damage Repair (DDR) via BRCT2 and BRCT3, and it is not clear which of these two mechanisms causes MCPH in man. METHODS We studied the phenotype and sequenced the exome in two siblings with MCPH and their unaffected sister. RESULTS Homozygous mutations of TRAPPC9 (p.Leu178Pro) and of MCPH1 (p.Arg741X) were found in both affected siblings. Brain MRI showed anomalies previously associated with TRAPPC9 defects, supporting the implication of TRAPPC9 in the phenotype. Importantly, the asymptomatic sister with normal head size was homozygous for the MCPH1 truncating mutation and heterozygous for the TRAPPC9 mutation. CONCLUSION The affected siblings represent the first ARID cases with a TRAPPC9 missense mutation and with microcephaly of prenatal onset of. Furthermore, their unaffected sister represents strong evidence that the lack of MCPH1 BRCT3 domain does not cause MCPH in man, supporting a bifunctional model of MCPH1 where the centrosomal function is involved in brain volumic development and not the DDR function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Duerinckx
- Department of Medical GeneticsHôpital Erasme and IRIBHMUniversité Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
| | - Marije Meuwissen
- Department of Medical GeneticsAntwerp University HospitalAntwerpBelgium
| | - Camille Perazzolo
- Department of Medical GeneticsHôpital Erasme and IRIBHMUniversité Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
| | - Laurence Desmyter
- Department of Medical GeneticsHôpital Erasme and IRIBHMUniversité Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
| | - Isabelle Pirson
- Department of Medical GeneticsHôpital Erasme and IRIBHMUniversité Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
| | - Marc Abramowicz
- Department of Medical GeneticsHôpital Erasme and IRIBHMUniversité Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
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Mapping autosomal recessive intellectual disability: combined microarray and exome sequencing identifies 26 novel candidate genes in 192 consanguineous families. Mol Psychiatry 2018; 23:973-984. [PMID: 28397838 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2017.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Approximately 1% of the global population is affected by intellectual disability (ID), and the majority receive no molecular diagnosis. Previous studies have indicated high levels of genetic heterogeneity, with estimates of more than 2500 autosomal ID genes, the majority of which are autosomal recessive (AR). Here, we combined microarray genotyping, homozygosity-by-descent (HBD) mapping, copy number variation (CNV) analysis, and whole exome sequencing (WES) to identify disease genes/mutations in 192 multiplex Pakistani and Iranian consanguineous families with non-syndromic ID. We identified definite or candidate mutations (or CNVs) in 51% of families in 72 different genes, including 26 not previously reported for ARID. The new ARID genes include nine with loss-of-function mutations (ABI2, MAPK8, MPDZ, PIDD1, SLAIN1, TBC1D23, TRAPPC6B, UBA7 and USP44), and missense mutations include the first reports of variants in BDNF or TET1 associated with ID. The genes identified also showed overlap with de novo gene sets for other neuropsychiatric disorders. Transcriptional studies showed prominent expression in the prenatal brain. The high yield of AR mutations for ID indicated that this approach has excellent clinical potential and should inform clinical diagnostics, including clinical whole exome and genome sequencing, for populations in which consanguinity is common. As with other AR disorders, the relevance will also apply to outbred populations.
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Riedel F, Galindo A, Muschalik N, Munro S. The two TRAPP complexes of metazoans have distinct roles and act on different Rab GTPases. J Cell Biol 2017; 217:601-617. [PMID: 29273580 PMCID: PMC5800803 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201705068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In yeast, the TRAPP complexes activate Rab1 with TRAPPII also activating Rab11, but less is known about the two TRAPPs in metazoans. Riedel et al. show that in Drosophila melanogaster, TRAPPIII is an essential Rab1 activator, and TRAPPII activates Rab1 and Rab11 and becomes essential when an unrelated Rab11 activator is deleted. Originally identified in yeast, transport protein particle (TRAPP) complexes are Rab GTPase exchange factors that share a core set of subunits. TRAPPs were initially found to act on Ypt1, the yeast orthologue of Rab1, but recent studies have found that yeast TRAPPII can also activate the Rab11 orthologues Ypt31/32. Mammals have two TRAPP complexes, but their role is less clear, and they contain subunits that are not found in the yeast complexes but are essential for cell growth. To investigate TRAPP function in metazoans, we show that Drosophila melanogaster have two TRAPP complexes similar to those in mammals and that both activate Rab1, whereas one, TRAPPII, also activates Rab11. TRAPPII is not essential but becomes so in the absence of the gene parcas that encodes the Drosophila orthologue of the SH3BP5 family of Rab11 guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs). Thus, in metazoans, Rab1 activation requires TRAPP subunits not found in yeast, and Rab11 activation is shared by TRAPPII and an unrelated GEF that is metazoan specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falko Riedel
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, England, UK
| | - Antonio Galindo
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, England, UK
| | - Nadine Muschalik
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, England, UK
| | - Sean Munro
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, England, UK
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Abbasi AA, Blaesius K, Hu H, Latif Z, Picker-Minh S, Khan MN, Farooq S, Khan MA, Kaindl AM. Identification of a novel homozygous TRAPPC9 gene mutation causing non-syndromic intellectual disability, speech disorder, and secondary microcephaly. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2017; 174:839-845. [PMID: 29031008 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
TRAPPC9 gene mutations have been linked recently to autosomal recessive mental retardation 13 (MRT13; MIM#613192) with only eight families reported world-wide. We assessed patients from two consanguineous pedigrees of Pakistani descent with non-syndromic intellectual disability and postnatal microcephaly through whole exome sequencing (WES) and cosegregation analysis. Here we report six further patients from two pedigrees with homozygous TRAPPC9 gene mutations, the novel nonsense mutation c.2065G>T (p.E689*) and the previously identified nonsense mutation c.1423C>T (p.R475*). We provide an overview of previously reported clinical features and highlight common symptoms and variability of MRT13. Common findings are intellectual disability and absent speech, and frequently microcephaly, motor delay and pathological findings on MRI including diminished cerebral white matter volume are present. Mutations in TRAPPC9 should be considered in non-syndromic autosomal recessive intellectual disability with severe speech disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ansar A Abbasi
- Department of Zoology, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), Mirpur, Pakistan
| | - Kathrin Blaesius
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Neuroanatomy and Cell Biology, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Insitute of Health (BIH), Anna-Louisa-Karsch Strasse 2, 10178, Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hao Hu
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zahid Latif
- Department of Zoology, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir Muzaffarabad, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
| | - Sylvie Picker-Minh
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Neuroanatomy and Cell Biology, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Insitute of Health (BIH), Anna-Louisa-Karsch Strasse 2, 10178, Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Muhammad N Khan
- Department of Zoology, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir Muzaffarabad, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
| | - Sundas Farooq
- Department of Zoology, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), Mirpur, Pakistan
| | - Muzammil A Khan
- Gomal Centre of Biochemistry and Biotechnology (GCBB), Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
| | - Angela M Kaindl
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Neuroanatomy and Cell Biology, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Insitute of Health (BIH), Anna-Louisa-Karsch Strasse 2, 10178, Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Mortreux J, Busa T, Germain DP, Nadeau G, Puechberty J, Coubes C, Gatinois V, Cacciagli P, Duffourd Y, Pinard JM, Tevissen H, Villard L, Sanlaville D, Philip N, Missirian C. The role of CNVs in the etiology of rare autosomal recessive disorders: the example of TRAPPC9-associated intellectual disability. Eur J Hum Genet 2017; 26:143-148. [PMID: 29187737 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-017-0018-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A large number of genes involved in autosomal recessive forms of intellectual disability (ID) were identified over the past few years through whole-exome sequencing (WES) or whole-genome sequencing in consanguineous families. Disease-associated variants in TRAPPC9 were reported in eight multiplex consanguineous sibships from different ethnic backgrounds, and led to the delineation of the phenotype. Affected patients have microcephaly, obesity, normal motor development, severe ID, and language impairment and brain anomalies. PATIENTS We report six new patients recruited through a national collaborative network. RESULTS In the two patients heterozygous for a copy-number variation (CNV), the phenotype was clinically relevant with regard to the literature, which prompted to sequence the second allele, leading to identification of disease-associated variants in both. The third patient was homozygote for an intragenic TRAPPC9 CNV. The phenotype of the patients reported was concordant with the literature. Recent reports emphasized the role of CNVs in the etiology of rare recessive disorders. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that CNVs significantly contribute to the mutational spectrum of TRAPPC9 gene, and also confirms the interest of combining WES with CNV analysis to provide a molecular diagnosis to patients with rare Mendelian disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémie Mortreux
- Département de Génétique Médicale, APHM, CHU Timone Enfants, Marseille, France.
| | - Tiffany Busa
- Département de Génétique Médicale, APHM, CHU Timone Enfants, Marseille, France
| | - Dominique P Germain
- Division of Medical Genetics, University of Versailles, 78180, Montigny, France.,CHU Raymond Poincaré (AP-HP), Garches, France
| | - Gwenaël Nadeau
- UF de génétique chromosomique, Centre hospitalier métropole Savoie, Chambéry, France
| | - Jacques Puechberty
- Département de Génétique Médicale, Maladies rares et Médecine Personnalisée, CHU de Montpellier, France
| | - Christine Coubes
- Département de Génétique Médicale, Maladies rares et Médecine Personnalisée, CHU de Montpellier, France
| | - Vincent Gatinois
- Laboratoire de Génétique Chromosomique, CHU de Montpellier, France
| | | | - Yannis Duffourd
- Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire Médecine Translationnelle et Anomalies du Développement (FHU TRANSLAD), CHU de Dijon et Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France.,Equipe d'Accueil 42271, Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Jean-Marc Pinard
- Division of Neuropediatrics, CHU Raymond Poincaré (AP-HP), Garches, France
| | | | - Laurent Villard
- Aix Marseille Université, GMGF, Inserm, UMR_S 910, Marseille, France
| | - Damien Sanlaville
- Department of Genetics, Lyon University Hospitals, Lyon, France.,Lyon Neuroscience Research Centre, CNRS UMR5292, Inserm U1028, Lyon, France.,Claude Bernard Lyon I University, Lyon, France
| | - Nicole Philip
- Département de Génétique Médicale, APHM, CHU Timone Enfants, Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille Université, GMGF UMR_S 910, Marseille, France
| | - Chantal Missirian
- Département de Génétique Médicale, APHM, CHU Timone Enfants, Marseille, France
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Marin-Valencia I, Novarino G, Johansen A, Rosti B, Issa MY, Musaev D, Bhat G, Scott E, Silhavy JL, Stanley V, Rosti RO, Gleeson JW, Imam FB, Zaki MS, Gleeson JG. A homozygous founder mutation in TRAPPC6B associates with a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by microcephaly, epilepsy and autistic features. J Med Genet 2017. [PMID: 28626029 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2017-104627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transport protein particle (TRAPP) is a multisubunit complex that regulates membrane trafficking through the Golgi apparatus. The clinical phenotype associated with mutations in various TRAPP subunits has allowed elucidation of their functions in specific tissues. The role of some subunits in human disease, however, has not been fully established, and their functions remain uncertain. OBJECTIVE We aimed to expand the range of neurodevelopmental disorders associated with mutations in TRAPP subunits by exome sequencing of consanguineous families. METHODS Linkage and homozygosity mapping and candidate gene analysis were used to identify homozygous mutations in families. Patient fibroblasts were used to study splicing defect and zebrafish to model the disease. RESULTS We identified six individuals from three unrelated families with a founder homozygous splice mutation in TRAPPC6B, encoding a core subunit of the complex TRAPP I. Patients manifested a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by microcephaly, epilepsy and autistic features, and showed splicing defect. Zebrafish trappc6b morphants replicated the human phenotype, displaying decreased head size and neuronal hyperexcitability, leading to a lower seizure threshold. CONCLUSION This study provides clinical and functional evidence of the role of TRAPPC6B in brain development and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Marin-Valencia
- Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Disease, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Gaia Novarino
- Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Disease, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA.,Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST), Klosterneuburg, Niederösterreich, Austria
| | - Anide Johansen
- Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Disease, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, La Jolla, California, USA.,Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Basak Rosti
- Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Disease, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA.,Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Disease, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, La Jolla, California, USA.,Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Mahmoud Y Issa
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Damir Musaev
- Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Disease, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, La Jolla, California, USA.,Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Gifty Bhat
- Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Disease, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Eric Scott
- Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Disease, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, La Jolla, California, USA.,Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Jennifer L Silhavy
- Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Disease, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, La Jolla, California, USA.,Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Valentina Stanley
- Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Disease, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, La Jolla, California, USA.,Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Rasim O Rosti
- Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Disease, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA.,Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Disease, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, La Jolla, California, USA.,Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Jeremy W Gleeson
- Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Disease, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, La Jolla, California, USA.,Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Farhad B Imam
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Maha S Zaki
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Joseph G Gleeson
- Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Disease, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA.,Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Disease, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, La Jolla, California, USA.,Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, California, USA
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Golgi trafficking defects in postnatal microcephaly: The evidence for “Golgipathies”. Prog Neurobiol 2017; 153:46-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Khan MA, Khan S, Windpassinger C, Badar M, Nawaz Z, Mohammad RM. The Molecular Genetics of Autosomal Recessive Nonsyndromic Intellectual Disability: a Mutational Continuum and Future Recommendations. Ann Hum Genet 2017; 80:342-368. [PMID: 27870114 DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Intellectual disability (ID) is a clinical manifestation of the central nervous system without any major dysmorphologies of the brain. Biologically it affects learning capabilities, memory, and cognitive functioning. The basic defining features of ID are characterized by IQ<70, age of onset before 18 years, and impairment of at least two of the adaptive skills. Clinically it is classified in a syndromic (with additional abnormalities) and a nonsyndromic form (with only cognitive impairment). The study of nonsyndromic intellectual disability (NSID) can best explain the pathophysiology of cognition, intelligence and memory. Genetic analysis in autosomal recessive nonsyndrmic ID (ARNSID) has mapped 51 disease loci, 34 of which have revealed their defective genes. These genes play diverse physiological roles in various molecular processes, including methylation, proteolysis, glycosylation, signal transduction, transcription regulation, lipid metabolism, ion homeostasis, tRNA modification, ubiquitination and neuromorphogenesis. High-density SNP array and whole exome sequencing has increased the pace of gene discoveries and many new mutations are being published every month. The lack of uniform criteria has assigned multiple identifiers (or accession numbers) to the same MRT locus (e.g. MRT7 and MRT22). Here in this review we describe the molecular genetics of ARNSID, prioritize the candidate genes in uncharacterized loci, and propose a new nomenclature to reorganize the mutation data that will avoid the confusion of assigning duplicate accession numbers to the same ID locus and to make the data manageable in the future as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzammil Ahmad Khan
- Genomic Core Facility, Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar.,Gomal Centre of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Gomal University, D.I.Khan, 29050 KPK, Pakistan
| | - Saadullah Khan
- Genomic Core Facility, Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar.,Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, KPK, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Badar
- Gomal Centre of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Gomal University, D.I.Khan, 29050 KPK, Pakistan
| | - Zafar Nawaz
- Genomic Core Facility, Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar
| | - Ramzi M Mohammad
- Genomic Core Facility, Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar
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Genetic Defects Underlie the Non-syndromic Autosomal Recessive Intellectual Disability (NS-ARID). Open Life Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/biol-2017-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractIntellectual disability (ID) is a neurodevelopmental disorder which appears frequently as the result of genetic mutations and may be syndromic (S-ID) or non-syndromic (NS-ID). ID causes an important economic burden, for patient's family, health systems, and society. Identifying genes that cause S-ID can easily be evaluated due to the clinical symptoms or physical anomalies. However, in the case of NS-ID due to the absence of co-morbid features, the latest molecular genetic techniques can be used to understand the genetic defects that underlie it. Recent studies have shown that non-syndromic autosomal recessive (NS-ARID) is extremely heterogeneous and contributes much more than X-linked ID. However, very little is known about the genes and loci involved in NS-ARID relative to X-linked ID, and whose complete genetic etiology remains obscure. In this review article, the known genetic etiology of NS-ARID and possible relationships between genes and the associated molecular pathways of their encoded proteins has been reviewed which will enhance our understanding about the underlying genes and mechanisms in NS-ARID.
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Li C, Luo X, Zhao S, Siu GK, Liang Y, Chan HC, Satoh A, Yu SS. COPI-TRAPPII activates Rab18 and regulates its lipid droplet association. EMBO J 2016; 36:441-457. [PMID: 28003315 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201694866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The transport protein particle (TRAPP) was initially identified as a vesicle tethering factor in yeast and as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Ypt1/Rab1. In mammals, structures and functions of various TRAPP complexes are beginning to be understood. We found that mammalian TRAPPII was a GEF for both Rab18 and Rab1. Inactivation of TRAPPII-specific subunits by various methods including siRNA depletion and CRISPR-Cas9-mediated deletion reduced lipolysis and resulted in aberrantly large lipid droplets. Recruitment of Rab18 onto lipid droplet (LD) surface was defective in TRAPPII-deleted cells, but the localization of Rab1 on Golgi was not affected. COPI regulates LD homeostasis. We found that the previously documented interaction between TRAPPII and COPI was also required for the recruitment of Rab18 to the LD We hypothesize that the interaction between COPI and TRAPPII helps bring TRAPPII onto LD surface, and TRAPPII, in turn, activates Rab18 and recruits it on the LD surface to facilitate its functions in LD homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunman Li
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Centre, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiaomin Luo
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shan Zhao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Gavin Ky Siu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yongheng Liang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of MOA, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hsiao Chang Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China.,Epithelial Cell Biology Research Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ayano Satoh
- The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Sidney Sb Yu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China .,Epithelial Cell Biology Research Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
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42
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Giorgio E, Ciolfi A, Biamino E, Caputo V, Di Gregorio E, Belligni EF, Calcia A, Gaidolfi E, Bruselles A, Mancini C, Cavalieri S, Molinatto C, Cirillo Silengo M, Ferrero GB, Tartaglia M, Brusco A. Whole exome sequencing is necessary to clarify ID/DD cases with de novo copy number variants of uncertain significance: Two proof-of-concept examples. Am J Med Genet A 2016; 170:1772-9. [PMID: 27108886 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Whole exome sequencing (WES) is a powerful tool to identify clinically undefined forms of intellectual disability/developmental delay (ID/DD), especially in consanguineous families. Here we report the genetic definition of two sporadic cases, with syndromic ID/DD for whom array-Comparative Genomic Hybridization (aCGH) identified a de novo copy number variant (CNV) of uncertain significance. The phenotypes included microcephaly with brachycephaly and a distinctive facies in one proband, and hypotonia in the legs and mild ataxia in the other. WES allowed identification of a functionally relevant homozygous variant affecting a known disease gene for rare syndromic ID/DD in each proband, that is, c.1423C>T (p.Arg377*) in the Trafficking Protein Particle Complex 9 (TRAPPC9), and c.154T>C (p.Cys52Arg) in the Very Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor (VLDLR). Four mutations affecting TRAPPC9 have been previously reported, and the present finding further depicts this syndromic form of ID, which includes microcephaly with brachycephaly, corpus callosum hypoplasia, facial dysmorphism, and overweight. VLDLR-associated cerebellar hypoplasia (VLDLR-CH) is characterized by non-progressive congenital ataxia and moderate-to-profound intellectual disability. The c.154T>C (p.Cys52Arg) mutation was associated with a very mild form of ataxia, mild intellectual disability, and cerebellar hypoplasia without cortical gyri simplification. In conclusion, we report two novel cases with rare causes of autosomal recessive ID, which document how interpreting de novo array-CGH variants represents a challenge in consanguineous families; as such, clinical WES should be considered in diagnostic testing. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Giorgio
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Ciolfi
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCSS, Rome, Italy.,Centro di Ricerca per gli alimenti e la nutrizione, CREA, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Biamino
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Viviana Caputo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Di Gregorio
- Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, Medical Genetics Unit, Turin, Italy
| | - Elga Fabia Belligni
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Elena Gaidolfi
- Centro Diagnostico Cernaia, Magnetic Resonance Unit, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bruselles
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Cecilia Mancini
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Simona Cavalieri
- Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, Medical Genetics Unit, Turin, Italy
| | - Cristina Molinatto
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | | | | | - Marco Tartaglia
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCSS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alfredo Brusco
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy.,Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, Medical Genetics Unit, Turin, Italy
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43
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DeRossi C, Vacaru A, Rafiq R, Cinaroglu A, Imrie D, Nayar S, Baryshnikova A, Milev MP, Stanga D, Kadakia D, Gao N, Chu J, Freeze HH, Lehrman MA, Sacher M, Sadler KC. trappc11 is required for protein glycosylation in zebrafish and humans. Mol Biol Cell 2016; 27:1220-34. [PMID: 26912795 PMCID: PMC4831877 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e15-08-0557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) can be either adaptive or pathological. We term the pathological UPR that causes fatty liver disease a "stressed UPR." Here we investigate the mechanism of stressed UPR activation in zebrafish bearing a mutation in thetrappc11gene, which encodes a component of the transport protein particle (TRAPP) complex.trappc11mutants are characterized by secretory pathway defects, reflecting disruption of the TRAPP complex. In addition, we uncover a defect in protein glycosylation intrappc11mutants that is associated with reduced levels of lipid-linked oligosaccharides (LLOs) and compensatory up-regulation of genes in the terpenoid biosynthetic pathway that produces the LLO anchor dolichol. Treating wild-type larvae with terpenoid or LLO synthesis inhibitors phenocopies the stressed UPR seen intrappc11mutants and is synthetically lethal withtrappc11mutation. We propose that reduced LLO level causing hypoglycosylation is a mechanism of stressed UPR induction intrappc11mutants. Of importance, in human cells, depletion of TRAPPC11, but not other TRAPP components, causes protein hypoglycosylation, and lipid droplets accumulate in fibroblasts from patients with theTRAPPC11mutation. These data point to a previously unanticipated and conserved role for TRAPPC11 in LLO biosynthesis and protein glycosylation in addition to its established function in vesicle trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles DeRossi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Ana Vacaru
- Department of Medicine, Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Ruhina Rafiq
- Department of Medicine, Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Ayca Cinaroglu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Dru Imrie
- Department of Medicine, Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Shikha Nayar
- Department of Pediatrics and Mindich Institute for Child Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Anastasia Baryshnikova
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - Miroslav P Milev
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Daniela Stanga
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Dhara Kadakia
- Department of Medicine, Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Ningguo Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Jaime Chu
- Department of Pediatrics and Mindich Institute for Child Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Hudson H Freeze
- Sanford Children's Health Research Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Mark A Lehrman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Michael Sacher
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Kirsten C Sadler
- Department of Medicine, Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
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44
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Zhang Y, Liu S, Wang H, Yang W, Li F, Yang F, Yu D, Ramsey FV, Tuszyski GP, Hu W. Elevated NIBP/TRAPPC9 mediates tumorigenesis of cancer cells through NFκB signaling. Oncotarget 2016; 6:6160-78. [PMID: 25704885 PMCID: PMC4467429 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory mechanisms underlying constitutive and inducible NFκB activation in cancer remain largely unknown. Here we investigated whether a novel NIK- and IKK2-binding protein (NIBP) is required for maintaining malignancy of cancer cells in an NFκB-dependent manner. Real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis of a human cancer survey tissue-scan cDNA array, immunostaining of a human frozen tumor tissue array and immunoblotting of a high-density reverse-phase cancer protein lysate array showed that NIBP is extensively expressed in most tumor tissues, particularly in breast and colon cancer. Lentivirus-mediated NIBP shRNA knockdown significantly inhibited the growth/proliferation, invasion/migration, colony formation and xenograft tumorigenesis of breast (MDA-MB-231) or colon (HCT116) cancer cells. NIBP overexpression in HCT116 cells promoted cell proliferation, migration and colony formation. Mechanistically, NIBP knockdown in cancer cells inhibited cytokine-induced activation of NFκB luciferase reporter, thus sensitizing the cells to TNFα-induced apoptosis. Endogenous NIBP bound specifically to the phosphorylated IKK2 in a TNFα-dependent manner. NIBP knockdown transiently attenuated TNFα-stimulated phosphorylation of IKK2/p65 and degradation of IκBα. In contrast, NIBP overexpression enhanced TNFα-induced NFκB activation, thus inhibiting constitutive and TNFα-induced apoptosis. Collectively, our data identified important roles of NIBP in promoting tumorigenesis via NFκΒ signaling, spotlighting NIBP as a promising target in cancer therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shu Liu
- Department of Biotherapy, The Forth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Neuroscience, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Wensheng Yang
- Department of Neuroscience, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Neuroscience, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Neuroscience, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daohai Yu
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Frederick V Ramsey
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - George P Tuszyski
- Department of Neuroscience, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Wenhui Hu
- Department of Neuroscience, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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45
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Kishi N, MacDonald JL, Ye J, Molyneaux BJ, Azim E, Macklis JD. Reduction of aberrant NF-κB signalling ameliorates Rett syndrome phenotypes in Mecp2-null mice. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10520. [PMID: 26821816 PMCID: PMC4740176 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the transcriptional regulator Mecp2 cause the severe X-linked neurodevelopmental disorder Rett syndrome (RTT). In this study, we investigate genes that function downstream of MeCP2 in cerebral cortex circuitry, and identify upregulation of Irak1, a central component of the NF-κB pathway. We show that overexpression of Irak1 mimics the reduced dendritic complexity of Mecp2-null cortical callosal projection neurons (CPN), and that NF-κB signalling is upregulated in the cortex with Mecp2 loss-of-function. Strikingly, we find that genetically reducing NF-κB signalling in Mecp2-null mice not only ameliorates CPN dendritic complexity but also substantially extends their normally shortened lifespan, indicating broader roles for NF-κB signalling in RTT pathogenesis. These results provide new insight into both the fundamental neurobiology of RTT, and potential therapeutic strategies via NF-κB pathway modulation. Rett syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by mutations in Mecp2. Here the authors show that Mecp2 loss-of-function leads to upregulation of the NF-κB pathway, and that reducing NF-κB signalling ameliorates phenotypes of Mecp2-null mice, thus offering a potential therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki Kishi
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Center for Brain Science, and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Jessica L MacDonald
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Center for Brain Science, and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Julia Ye
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Center for Brain Science, and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Bradley J Molyneaux
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Center for Brain Science, and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Eiman Azim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Center for Brain Science, and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Macklis
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Center for Brain Science, and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
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46
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Dupuis N, Fafouri A, Bayot A, Kumar M, Lecharpentier T, Ball G, Edwards D, Bernard V, Dournaud P, Drunat S, Vermelle-Andrzejewski M, Vilain C, Abramowicz M, Désir J, Bonaventure J, Gareil N, Boncompain G, Csaba Z, Perez F, Passemard S, Gressens P, El Ghouzzi V. Dymeclin deficiency causes postnatal microcephaly, hypomyelination and reticulum-to-Golgi trafficking defects in mice and humans. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:2771-83. [PMID: 25652408 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Dymeclin is a Golgi-associated protein whose deficiency causes Dyggve-Melchior-Clausen syndrome (DMC, MIM #223800), a rare recessively inherited spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia consistently associated with postnatal microcephaly and intellectual disability. While the skeletal phenotype of DMC patients has been extensively described, very little is known about their cerebral anomalies, which result in brain growth defects and cognitive dysfunction. We used Dymeclin-deficient mice to determine the cause of microcephaly and to identify defective mechanisms at the cellular level. Brain weight and volume were reduced in all mutant mice from postnatal day 5 onward. Mutant mice displayed a narrowing of the frontal cortex, although cortical layers were normally organized. Interestingly, the corpus callosum was markedly thinner, a characteristic we also identified in DMC patients. Consistent with this, the myelin sheath was thinner, less compact and not properly rolled, while the number of mature oligodendrocytes and their ability to produce myelin basic protein were significantly decreased. Finally, cortical neurons from mutant mice and primary fibroblasts from DMC patients displayed substantially delayed endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi trafficking, which could be fully rescued upon Dymeclin re-expression. These findings indicate that Dymeclin is crucial for proper myelination and anterograde neuronal trafficking, two processes that are highly active during postnatal brain maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Dupuis
- Inserm, U1141, Paris, France, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Univ Paris Diderot, UMRS 1141, Paris, France
| | - Assia Fafouri
- Inserm, U1141, Paris, France, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Univ Paris Diderot, UMRS 1141, Paris, France
| | - Aurélien Bayot
- Inserm, U1141, Paris, France, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Univ Paris Diderot, UMRS 1141, Paris, France
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Inserm, U1141, Paris, France, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Univ Paris Diderot, UMRS 1141, Paris, France
| | - Tifenn Lecharpentier
- Inserm, U1141, Paris, France, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Univ Paris Diderot, UMRS 1141, Paris, France
| | - Gareth Ball
- Centre for the Developing Brain, Department of Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, King's Health Partners, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - David Edwards
- Centre for the Developing Brain, Department of Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, King's Health Partners, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - Véronique Bernard
- CNRS UMR7224, Inserm, U952, Paris, France, Univ Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Pascal Dournaud
- Inserm, U1141, Paris, France, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Univ Paris Diderot, UMRS 1141, Paris, France
| | - Séverine Drunat
- Inserm, U1141, Paris, France, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Univ Paris Diderot, UMRS 1141, Paris, France, Service de Génétique Clinique, AP-HP, Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris, France
| | | | - Catheline Vilain
- Medical Genetics Department, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marc Abramowicz
- Medical Genetics Department, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Julie Désir
- Medical Genetics Department, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Jacky Bonaventure
- CNRS UMR3347, Orsay, France, Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris, France
| | - Nelly Gareil
- CNRS UMR144, Paris, France and Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris, France
| | - Gaelle Boncompain
- CNRS UMR144, Paris, France and Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris, France
| | - Zsolt Csaba
- Inserm, U1141, Paris, France, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Univ Paris Diderot, UMRS 1141, Paris, France
| | - Franck Perez
- CNRS UMR144, Paris, France and Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Passemard
- Inserm, U1141, Paris, France, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Univ Paris Diderot, UMRS 1141, Paris, France, Service de Génétique Clinique, AP-HP, Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Gressens
- Inserm, U1141, Paris, France, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Univ Paris Diderot, UMRS 1141, Paris, France, Centre for the Developing Brain, Department of Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, King's Health Partners, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - Vincent El Ghouzzi
- Inserm, U1141, Paris, France, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Univ Paris Diderot, UMRS 1141, Paris, France,
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47
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Manzini MC, Xiong L, Shaheen R, Tambunan DE, Di Costanzo S, Mitisalis V, Tischfield DJ, Cinquino A, Ghaziuddin M, Christian M, Jiang Q, Laurent S, Nanjiani ZA, Rasheed S, Hill RS, Lizarraga SB, Gleason D, Sabbagh D, Salih MA, Alkuraya FS, Walsh CA. CC2D1A regulates human intellectual and social function as well as NF-κB signaling homeostasis. Cell Rep 2014; 8:647-55. [PMID: 25066123 PMCID: PMC4334362 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Revised: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID) are often comorbid, but the extent to which they share common genetic causes remains controversial. Here, we present two autosomal-recessive "founder" mutations in the CC2D1A gene causing fully penetrant cognitive phenotypes, including mild-to-severe ID, ASD, as well as seizures, suggesting shared developmental mechanisms. CC2D1A regulates multiple intracellular signaling pathways, and we found its strongest effect to be on the transcription factor nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Cc2d1a gain and loss of function both increase activation of NF-κB, revealing a critical role of Cc2d1a in homeostatic control of intracellular signaling. Cc2d1a knockdown in neurons reduces dendritic complexity and increases NF-κB activity, and the effects of Cc2d1a depletion can be rescued by inhibiting NF-κB activity. Homeostatic regulation of neuronal signaling pathways provides a mechanism whereby common founder mutations could manifest diverse symptoms in different patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Chiara Manzini
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815-6789, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Lan Xiong
- Department of Psychiatry, Research Centre of Montreal Mental Health University Institute, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H1N 3V2, Canada; University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC H2L 2W5, Canada
| | - Ranad Shaheen
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dimira E Tambunan
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815-6789, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Stefania Di Costanzo
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815-6789, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Vanessa Mitisalis
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815-6789, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - David J Tischfield
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815-6789, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Antonella Cinquino
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815-6789, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mohammed Ghaziuddin
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Mehtab Christian
- University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC H2L 2W5, Canada
| | - Qin Jiang
- Department of Psychiatry, Research Centre of Montreal Mental Health University Institute, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H1N 3V2, Canada
| | - Sandra Laurent
- University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC H2L 2W5, Canada
| | - Zohair A Nanjiani
- Ma Ayesha Memorial Centre, University of Karachi, Karachi 75350, Pakistan
| | | | - R Sean Hill
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815-6789, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sofia B Lizarraga
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815-6789, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Danielle Gleason
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815-6789, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Diya Sabbagh
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815-6789, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mustafa A Salih
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, King Saud University College of Medicine, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Fowzan S Alkuraya
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Christopher A Walsh
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815-6789, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
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Brunet S, Sacher M. In Sickness and in Health: The Role of TRAPP and Associated Proteins in Disease. Traffic 2014; 15:803-18. [PMID: 24917561 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Brunet
- Department of Biology; Concordia University; 7141 Sherbrooke Street West, SP-457.01 Montreal QC H4B 1R6 Canada
| | - Michael Sacher
- Department of Biology; Concordia University; 7141 Sherbrooke Street West, SP-457.01 Montreal QC H4B 1R6 Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology; McGill University; 845 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal QC H3A 0G4 Canada
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Hasin-Brumshtein Y, Hormozdiari F, Martin L, van Nas A, Eskin E, Lusis AJ, Drake TA. Allele-specific expression and eQTL analysis in mouse adipose tissue. BMC Genomics 2014; 15:471. [PMID: 24927774 PMCID: PMC4089026 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The simplest definition of cis-eQTLs versus trans, refers to genetic variants that affect expression in an allele specific manner, with implications on underlying mechanism. Yet, due to technical limitations of expression microarrays, the vast majority of eQTL studies performed in the last decade used a genomic distance based definition as a surrogate for cis, therefore exploring local rather than cis-eQTLs. Results In this study we use RNAseq to explore allele specific expression (ASE) in adipose tissue of male and female F1 mice, produced from reciprocal crosses of C57BL/6J and DBA/2J strains. Comparison of the identified cis-eQTLs, to local-eQTLs, that were obtained from adipose tissue expression in two previous population based studies in our laboratory, yields poor overlap between the two mapping approaches, while both local-eQTL studies show highly concordant results. Specifically, local-eQTL studies show ~60% overlap between themselves, while only 15-20% of local-eQTLs are identified as cis by ASE, and less than 50% of ASE genes are recovered in local-eQTL studies. Utilizing recently published ENCODE data, we also find that ASE genes show significant bias for SNPs prevalence in DNase I hypersensitive sites that is ASE direction specific. Conclusions We suggest a new approach to analysis of allele specific expression that is more sensitive and accurate than the commonly used fisher or chi-square statistics. Our analysis indicates that technical differences between the cis and local-eQTL approaches, such as differences in genomic background or sex specificity, account for relatively small fraction of the discrepancy. Therefore, we suggest that the differences between two eQTL mapping approaches may facilitate sorting of SNP-eQTL interactions into true cis and trans, and that a considerable portion of local-eQTL may actually represent trans interactions. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2164-15-471) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yehudit Hasin-Brumshtein
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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50
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Zhang Y, Bitner D, Pontes Filho AA, Li F, Liu S, Wang H, Yang F, Adhikari S, Gordon J, Srinivasan S, Hu W. Expression and function of NIK- and IKK2-binding protein (NIBP) in mouse enteric nervous system. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2014; 26:77-97. [PMID: 24011459 PMCID: PMC3962790 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.12234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND NIK- and IKK2-binding protein (NIBP)/TRAPPC9 is expressed in brain neurons, and human NIBP mutations are associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. The cellular distribution and function of NIBP in the enteric nervous system (ENS) remain unknown. METHODS Western blot and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis were used respectively to identify the protein and mRNA expression of NIBP and other neuronal markers. Multi-labeled immunofluorescent microscopy and confocal image analysis were used to examine the cellular distribution of NIBP-like immunoreactivity (IR) in whole mount intestine. Enteric neuronal cell line (ENC) was infected with lentivirus carrying NIBP or its shRNA expression vectors and treated with vehicle or tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α. KEY RESULTS NIBP is expressed at both mRNA and protein levels in different regions and layers of the mouse intestine. NIBP-like-IR was co-localized with various neuronal markers, but not with glial, smooth muscular, or interstitial cells of Cajal markers. A small population of NIBP-expressing cells and fibers in extra-ganglionic and intra-ganglionic area were negative for pan-neuronal markers HuD or Peripherin. Relatively high NIBP-like-IR was found in 35-44% of myenteric neurons and 9-10% of submucosal neurons. Approximately 98%, 87%, and 43% of these relatively high NIBP-expressing neurons were positive for choline acetyltransferase, neuronal nitric oxide synthase and Calretinin, respectively. NIBP shRNA knockdown in ENC inhibited TNFα-induced NFκB activation and neuronal differentiation, whereas NIBP overexpression promoted it. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES NIBP is extensively expressed in the ENS with relatively high level in a subpopulation of enteric neurons. Various NIBP expression levels in different neurons may represent dynamic trafficking or posttranslational modification of NIBP in some functionally active neurons and ultimately regulate ENS plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience, Temple University School of Medicine, 3500 N Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Daniel Bitner
- Department of Neuroscience, Temple University School of Medicine, 3500 N Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Adalto Alfredo Pontes Filho
- Department of Neuroscience, Temple University School of Medicine, 3500 N Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Neuroscience, Temple University School of Medicine, 3500 N Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Shu Liu
- Department of Neuroscience, Temple University School of Medicine, 3500 N Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Neuroscience, Temple University School of Medicine, 3500 N Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Neuroscience, Temple University School of Medicine, 3500 N Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Sam Adhikari
- Department of Neuroscience, Temple University School of Medicine, 3500 N Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Jennifer Gordon
- Department of Neuroscience, Temple University School of Medicine, 3500 N Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Shanthi Srinivasan
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Emory University, 615 Michael St., Atlanta, GA 30322 and Atlanta VAMC, Decatur, GA, 30331
| | - Wenhui Hu
- Department of Neuroscience, Temple University School of Medicine, 3500 N Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
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