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Hao D, Luo W, Yan Y, Zhou J. Focus on cuproptosis: Exploring new mechanisms and therapeutic application prospects of cuproptosis regulation. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 178:117182. [PMID: 39053428 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Cuproptosis is a novel form of regulated cell death, which plays an important role in the physiological and pathological processes of the human body. Despite the increasing research on cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) and their correlation with diseases, the pathogenesis of cuproptosis-related diseases remains unclear. Furthermore, there is a lack of reviews on the emerging technologies for regulating cuproptosis in disease treatment. This study delves into the copper-induced cell death mechanism, distinguishing cuproptosis from mechanisms like oxidative stress, glutathione synthesis inhibition, and ubiquitin-proteasome system inhibition. Several long-standing mysteries of diseases such as Wilson's disease and Menkes disease may be attributed to the occurrence of cuproptosis. In addition, we also review the detection indicators related to cuproptosis, providing targets for the diagnosis of cuproptosis-related diseases, and summarize the application value of cuproptosis in tumor therapy to better elucidate the impact of copper in cell death and diseases, and thus to promote the application prospects and possible strategies of cuproptosis-related substances, such as copper ion chelators, copper ion carriers, and copper nanomaterials, in disease therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donglin Hao
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China; Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yongmin Yan
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China.
| | - Jing Zhou
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China.
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2
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Ben Braiek M, Szymczak S, André C, Bardou P, Fidelle F, Granado-Tajada I, Plisson-Petit F, Sarry J, Woloszyn F, Moreno-Romieux C, Fabre S. A single base pair duplication in the SLC33A1 gene is associated with fetal losses and neonatal lethality in Manech Tête Rousse dairy sheep. Anim Genet 2024; 55:644-657. [PMID: 38922751 DOI: 10.1111/age.13459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
We recently discovered that the Manech Tête Rousse (MTR) deficient homozygous haplotype 2 (MTRDHH2) probably carries a recessive lethal mutation in sheep. In this study, we fine-mapped this region through whole-genome sequencing of five MTRDHH2 heterozygous carriers and 95 non-carriers from various ovine breeds. We identified a single base pair duplication within the SLC33A1 gene, leading to a frameshift mutation and a premature stop codon (p.Arg246Alafs*3). SLC33A1 encodes a transmembrane transporter of acetyl-coenzyme A that is crucial for cellular metabolism. To investigate the lethality of this mutation in homozygous MTR sheep, we performed at-risk matings using artificial insemination (AI) between heterozygous SLC33A1 variant carriers (SLC33A1_dupG). Pregnancy was confirmed 15 days post-AI using a blood test measuring interferon Tau-stimulated MX1 gene expression. Ultrasonography between 45 and 60 days post-AI revealed a 12% reduction in AI success compared with safe matings, indicating embryonic/fetal loss. This was supported by the MX1 differential expression test suggesting fetal losses between 15 and 60 days of gestation. We also observed a 34.7% pre-weaning mortality rate in 49 lambs born from at-risk matings. Homozygous SLC33A1_dupG lambs accounted for 47% of this mortality, with deaths occurring mostly within the first 5 days without visible clinical signs. Therefore, appropriate management of SLC33A1_dupG with an allele frequency of 0.04 in the MTR selection scheme would help increase overall fertility and lamb survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Ben Braiek
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Soline Szymczak
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | | | | | | | - Itsasne Granado-Tajada
- Department of Animal Production, NEIKER-BRTA Basque Institute of Agricultural Research and Development, Arkaute, Spain
| | | | - Julien Sarry
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Florent Woloszyn
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | | | - Stéphane Fabre
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, Castanet-Tolosan, France
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3
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Yang Z, Feng R, Zhao H. Cuproptosis and Cu: a new paradigm in cellular death and their role in non-cancerous diseases. Apoptosis 2024:10.1007/s10495-024-01993-y. [PMID: 39014119 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-024-01993-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Cuproptosis, a newly characterized form of regulated cell death driven by copper accumulation, has emerged as a significant mechanism underlying various non-cancerous diseases. This review delves into the complex interplay between copper metabolism and the pathogenesis of conditions such as Wilson's disease (WD), neurodegenerative disorders, and cardiovascular pathologies. We examine the molecular mechanisms by which copper dysregulation induces cuproptosis, highlighting the pivotal roles of key copper transporters and enzymes. Additionally, we evaluate the therapeutic potential of copper chelation strategies, which have shown promise in experimental models by mitigating copper-induced cellular damage and restoring physiological homeostasis. Through a comprehensive synthesis of recent advancements and current knowledge, this review underscores the necessity of further research to translate these findings into clinical applications. The ultimate goal is to harness the therapeutic potential of targeting cuproptosis, thereby improving disease management and patient outcomes in non-cancerous conditions associated with copper dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibo Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, 3201 Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Hanzhong, 723000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ridong Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (FAHZU), 79 Qingchun Rd., Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 330100, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hai Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266005, Shandong, China.
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Zhang GL, Porter MJ, Awol AK, Orsburn BC, Canner SW, Gray JJ, O'Meally RN, Cole RN, Schnaar RL. The Human Ganglioside Interactome in Live Cells Revealed Using Clickable Photoaffinity Ganglioside Probes. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:17801-17816. [PMID: 38887845 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Gangliosides, sialic acid bearing glycosphingolipids, are components of the outer leaflet of plasma membranes of all vertebrate cells. They contribute to cell regulation by interacting with proteins in their own membranes (cis) or their extracellular milieu (trans). As amphipathic membrane constituents, gangliosides present challenges for identifying their ganglioside protein interactome. To meet these challenges, we synthesized bifunctional clickable photoaffinity gangliosides, delivered them to plasma membranes of cultured cells, then captured and identified their interactomes using proteomic mass spectrometry. Installing probes on ganglioside lipid and glycan moieties, we captured cis and trans ganglioside-protein interactions. Ganglioside interactomes varied with the ganglioside structure, cell type, and site of the probe (lipid or glycan). Gene ontology revealed that gangliosides engage with transmembrane transporters and cell adhesion proteins including integrins, cadherins, and laminins. The approach developed is applicable to other gangliosides and cell types, promising to provide insights into molecular and cellular regulation by gangliosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Lan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Mitchell J Porter
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Abduselam K Awol
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Benjamin C Orsburn
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Samuel W Canner
- Program in Molecular Biophysics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Jeffrey J Gray
- Program in Molecular Biophysics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Robert N O'Meally
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Robert N Cole
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Ronald L Schnaar
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
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Zhu J, Liao Y, Li X, Jia F, Ma X, Qu H. Brain and the whole-body bone imaging appearances in Menkes disease: a case report and literature review. BMC Pediatr 2024; 24:411. [PMID: 38926644 PMCID: PMC11202368 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-024-04885-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Menkes disease (MD) is a rare, inherited, multisystemic copper metabolism disorder. Classical Menkes disease is characterized by low serum copper and ceruloplasmin concentrations, leading to multiple abnormalities in the whole-body, especially in connective tissue and central nervous system. However, serum copper and ceruloplasmin levels are not reliable diagnostic biomarkers due to the low concentrations in healthy newborns either. The featured imaging manifestations play an important role in diagnosing Menkes disease. To our knowledge, there are few reports on the systemic imaging manifestations of Menkes disease. CASE PRESENTATION A 4-month-old male patient presented with recurrent seizures. He had cognitive, intellectual, growth, gross motor, precision movement, and language developmental lags. The patient's hemoglobin and serum ceruloplasmin level were low. On MRI, increased intracranial vascular tortuosity, cerebral and cerebellar atrophy, white matter changes, and basal ganglia abnormalities were observed. Plain radiograph revealed wormian bones, rib flaring, metaphyseal spurring, and periosteal reactions in the long bones of the limbs. A pathogenic variant in ATP7A gene was identified in the patient, so he was confirmed the diagnosis of Menkes disease. His symptoms did not improve despite symptomatic and supportive treatment during his hospitalization. Unfortunately, the infant died 3 months after leaving hospital. CONCLUSION A comprehensive and intuitive understanding of the disease's imaging manifestations can help clinicians to identify the disease and avoid delays in care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juncheng Zhu
- Department of Radiology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
- Department of Radiology, Chengdu Seventh People's Hospital (Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Chengdu Medical College), Chengdu, 610213, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), West China Second University Hospital, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Liao
- Department of Radiology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), West China Second University Hospital, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuesheng Li
- Department of Radiology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), West China Second University Hospital, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Fenglin Jia
- Department of Radiology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), West China Second University Hospital, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinmao Ma
- Department of Radiology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), West China Second University Hospital, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Haibo Qu
- Department of Radiology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), West China Second University Hospital, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China.
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Nagral A, Mallakmir S, Garg N, Tiwari K, Masih S, Nagral N, Unavane O, Jhaveri A, Phadke S, ArunKumar G, Aggarwal R. Genomic Variations in ATP7B Gene in Indian Patients with Wilson Disease. Indian J Pediatr 2023; 90:240-248. [PMID: 36112267 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-022-04250-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report genotype data of the patients with Wilson disease (WD) hailing from across several parts of India to add to the available spectrum of causative variants in ATP7B gene (ATPase copper transporting beta polypeptide gene) and associated phenotypes in the Indian population. METHODS The entire ATP7B gene was sequenced in 58 patients with WD and additional testing was also done by MLPA to look for intragenic deletions duplications and exome sequencing to rule out genetic variations with similar phenotypic overlap. RESULTS Of all patients, 37 patients had a total of 33 distinct pathogenic variations, including 29 in the exonic regions and 4 at intronic splice sites. Of the variations identified, six were novel. The underlying genomic variations could be identified in nearly two-thirds of the patients by sequencing the entire gene. CONCLUSIONS This study reports the genotype-phenotype data to add to the available spectrum of causative variants in ATP7B gene. The inability to detect a pathogenic variation in some patients and the existence of phenotypic variations in individuals with the same variation suggest that additional factors or genes may play a role in causation of the disease. Further, a marked genetic heterogeneity was found in the study patients, indicating ethnic diversity of the Indian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aabha Nagral
- Department of Gastroenterology, Apollo Hospitals, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. .,Department of Gastroenterology, Jaslok Hospital and Research Center, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. .,, 7, Snehsagar, Prabhanagar, Prabhadevi, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400025, India.
| | - Snehal Mallakmir
- Department of Pediatrics, Apollo Hospitals, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nikita Garg
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jaslok Hospital and Research Center, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kritika Tiwari
- Department of Pediatrics, Matushree Gomati Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Suzena Masih
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nishtha Nagral
- Department of General Medicine, Fortis Hospital, Mulund, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ojas Unavane
- Department of General Medicine, Seth G.S. Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ajay Jhaveri
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jaslok Hospital and Research Center, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shubha Phadke
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Rakesh Aggarwal
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Department of Gastroenterology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
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Roy S, Ghosh S, Ray J, Ray K, Sengupta M. Missing heritability of Wilson disease: a search for the uncharacterized mutations. Mamm Genome 2023; 34:1-11. [PMID: 36462057 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-022-09971-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Wilson disease (WD), a copper metabolism disorder caused by mutations in ATP7B, manifests heterogeneous clinical features. Interestingly, in a fraction of clinically diagnosed WD patients, mutations in ATP7B appears to be missing. In this review we discuss the plausible explanations of this missing heritability and propose a workflow that can identify the hidden mutations. Mutation analyses of WD generally includes targeted sequencing of ATP7B exons, exon-intron boundaries, and rarely, the proximal promoter region. We propose that variants in the distal cis-regulatory elements and/or deep intronic variants that impact splicing might well represent the hidden mutations. Heterozygous del/ins that remain refractory to conventional PCR-sequencing method may also represent such mutations. In this review, we also hypothesize that mutations in the key copper metabolism genes, like, ATOX1, COMMD1, and SLC31A1, could possibly lead to a WD-like phenotype. In fact, WD does present overlapping symptoms with other rare genetic disorders; hence, the possibility of a misdiagnosis and thus adding to missing heritability cannot be excluded. In this regard, it seems that whole-genome analysis will provide a comprehensive and rapid molecular diagnosis of WD. However, considering the associated cost for such a strategy, we propose an alternative customized screening schema of WD which include targeted sequencing of ATP7B locus as well as other key copper metabolism genes. Success of such a schema has been tested in a pilot study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhrajit Roy
- S. N. Pradhan Centre for Neurosciences, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
- Post-doctoral Fellow, Physiology Department, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
| | - Sampurna Ghosh
- Department of Genetics, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, India
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Jharna Ray
- S. N. Pradhan Centre for Neurosciences, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Kunal Ray
- Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Educational and Research Institute, Narendrapur, Kolkata, 700 103, India.
| | - Mainak Sengupta
- Department of Genetics, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, India.
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Garza NM, Swaminathan AB, Maremanda KP, Zulkifli M, Gohil VM. Mitochondrial copper in human genetic disorders. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2023; 34:21-33. [PMID: 36435678 PMCID: PMC9780195 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Copper is an essential micronutrient that serves as a cofactor for enzymes involved in diverse physiological processes, including mitochondrial energy generation. Copper enters cells through a dedicated copper transporter and is distributed to intracellular cuproenzymes by copper chaperones. Mitochondria are critical copper-utilizing organelles that harbor an essential cuproenzyme cytochrome c oxidase, which powers energy production. Mutations in copper transporters and chaperones that perturb mitochondrial copper homeostasis result in fatal genetic disorders. Recent studies have uncovered the therapeutic potential of elesclomol, a copper ionophore, for the treatment of copper deficiency disorders such as Menkes disease. Here we review the role of copper in mitochondrial energy metabolism in the context of human diseases and highlight the recent developments in copper therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie M Garza
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, MS 3474, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Abhinav B Swaminathan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, MS 3474, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Krishna P Maremanda
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, MS 3474, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Mohammad Zulkifli
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, MS 3474, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Vishal M Gohil
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, MS 3474, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
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Intracellular Citrate/acetyl-CoA flux and endoplasmic reticulum acetylation: Connectivity is the answer. Mol Metab 2022; 67:101653. [PMID: 36513219 PMCID: PMC9792894 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Key cellular metabolites reflecting the immediate activity of metabolic enzymes as well as the functional metabolic state of intracellular organelles can act as powerful signal regulators to ensure the activation of homeostatic responses. The citrate/acetyl-CoA pathway, initially recognized for its role in intermediate metabolism, has emerged as a fundamental branch of this nutrient-sensing homeostatic response. Emerging studies indicate that fluctuations in acetyl-CoA availability within different cellular organelles and compartments provides substrate-level regulation of many biological functions. A fundamental aspect of these regulatory functions involves Nε-lysine acetylation. SCOPE OF REVIEW Here, we will examine the emerging regulatory functions of the citrate/acetyl-CoA pathway and the specific role of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) acetylation machinery in the maintenance of intracellular crosstalk and homeostasis. These functions will be analyzed in the context of associated human diseases and specific mouse models of dysfunctional ER acetylation and citrate/acetyl-CoA flux. A primary objective of this review is to highlight the complex yet integrated response of compartment- and organelle-specific Nε-lysine acetylation to the intracellular availability and flux of acetyl-CoA, linking this important post-translational modification to cellular metabolism. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS The ER acetylation machinery regulates the proteostatic functions of the organelle as well as the metabolic crosstalk between different intracellular organelles and compartments. This crosstalk enables the cell to impart adaptive responses within the ER and the secretory pathway. However, it also enables the ER to impart adaptive responses within different cellular organelles and compartments. Defects in the homeostatic balance of acetyl-CoA flux and ER acetylation reflect different but converging disease states in humans as well as converging phenotypes in relevant mouse models. In conclusion, citrate and acetyl-CoA should not only be seen as metabolic substrates of intermediate metabolism but also as signaling molecules that direct functional adaptation of the cell to both intracellular and extracellular messages. Future discoveries in CoA biology and acetylation are likely to yield novel therapeutic approaches.
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Šikić K, Peters TMA, Marušić E, Čagalj IČ, Ramadža DP, Žigman T, Fumić K, Fernandez E, Gevaert K, Debeljak Ž, Wevers RA, Barić I. Abnormal concentrations of acetylated amino acids in cerebrospinal fluid in acetyl-CoA transporter deficiency. J Inherit Metab Dis 2022; 45:1048-1058. [PMID: 35999711 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Acetyl-CoA transporter 1 (AT-1) is a transmembrane protein which regulates influx of acetyl-CoA from the cytosol to the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum and is therefore important for the posttranslational modification of numerous proteins. Pathological variants in the SLC33A1 gene coding for AT-1 have been linked to a disorder called Huppke-Brendel syndrome, which is characterized by congenital cataracts, hearing loss, severe developmental delay and early death. It has been described in eight patients so far, who all had the abovementioned symptoms together with low serum copper and ceruloplasmin concentrations. The link between AT-1 and low ceruloplasmin concentrations is not clear, nor is the complex pathogenesis of the disease. Here we describe a further case of Huppke-Brendel syndrome with a novel and truncating homozygous gene variant and provide novel biochemical data on N-acetylated amino acids in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma. Our results indicate that decreased levels of many N-acetylated amino acids in CSF are a typical metabolic fingerprint for AT-1 deficiency and are potential biomarkers for the defect. As acetyl-CoA is an important substrate for protein acetylation, we performed N-terminal proteomics, but found only minor effects on this particular protein modification. The acetyl-CoA content in patient's fibroblasts was insignificantly decreased. Our data may help to better understand the mechanisms underlying the metabolic disturbances, the pathophysiology and the clinical phenotype of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Šikić
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tessa M A Peters
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Eugenija Marušić
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center Split, Split, Croatia
- University of Split, School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - Ivana Čulo Čagalj
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center Split, Split, Croatia
- University of Split, School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - Danijela Petković Ramadža
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tamara Žigman
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ksenija Fumić
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Esperanza Fernandez
- VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kris Gevaert
- VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Željko Debeljak
- Clinical Institute of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Ron A Wevers
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Ivo Barić
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
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Kirk FT, Munk DE, Ek J, Birk Møller L, Bendixen Thorup M, Hvid Danielsen E, Vilstrup H, Ott P, Damgaard Sandahl T. Case report: Huppke–Brendel syndrome in an adult, mistaken for and treated as Wilson disease for 25 years. Front Neurol 2022; 13:957794. [PMID: 36119696 PMCID: PMC9475109 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.957794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Huppke–Brendel (HB) syndrome is an autosomal recessive disease caused by variants in the SLC33A1 gene. Since 2012, less than ten patients have been reported, none survived year six. With neurologic involvement and ceruloplasmin deficiency, it may mimic Wilson disease (WD). Objectives and methods We report the first adult patient with HB. Results The patient suffered from moderate intellectual disability, partial hearing loss, spastic ataxia, hypotonia, and unilateral tremor of parkinsonian type. At age 29, she was diagnosed with WD based on neurology, elevated 24H urinary copper, low ceruloplasmin, and pathological 65Cu test. Approximately 25 years later, genetic testing did not support WD or aceruloplasminemia. Full genome sequencing revealed two likely pathogenic variants in SLC33A1 which combined with re-evaluation of neurologic symptoms and MRI suggested the diagnosis of HB. Conclusion Adult patients with HB exist and may be confused with WD. Low ceruloplasmin and the absence of ATP7B variants should raise suspicion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik Teicher Kirk
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, ERN Rare Liver, Aarhus, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Frederik Teicher Kirk
| | - Ditte Emilie Munk
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, ERN Rare Liver, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jakob Ek
- Department of Genetics, Copenhagen University, Rigshospitalet, København, Denmark
| | - Lisbeth Birk Møller
- Department of Genetics, Copenhagen University, Rigshospitalet, København, Denmark
| | | | | | - Hendrik Vilstrup
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, ERN Rare Liver, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Peter Ott
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, ERN Rare Liver, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Thomas Damgaard Sandahl
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, ERN Rare Liver, Aarhus, Denmark
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12
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Application of a custom NGS gene panel revealed a high diagnostic utility for molecular testing of hereditary ataxias. J Appl Genet 2022; 63:513-525. [PMID: 35588347 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-022-00701-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Hereditary ataxias (HA) are a rare group of heterogeneous disorders. Here, we present the results of molecular testing of a group of ataxia patients using a custom-designed next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel. Due to the genetic and clinical overlapping of hereditary ataxias and spastic paraplegias (HSP), the panel encompasses together HA and HSP genes. The NGS libraries, comprising coding sequences for 152 genes, were performed using KAPA HyperPlus and HyperCap Target Enrichment Kit, sequenced on the MiSeq instrument. The results were analyzed using the BaseSpace Variant Interpreter and Integrative Genomics Viewer. All pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants were confirmed using Sanger sequencing. A total of 29 patients with hereditary ataxias were enrolled in the NGS testing, and 16 patients had a confirmed molecular diagnosis with diagnostic accuracy rate of 55.2%. Pathogenic or likely pathogenic mutations were identified in 10 different genes: POLG (PEOA1, n = 3; SCAE, n = 2), CACNA1A (EA2, n = 2), SACS (ARSACS, n = 2), SLC33A1 (SPG42, n = 2), STUB1 (SCA48, n = 1), SPTBN2 (SCA5, n = 1), TGM6 (SCA35, n = 1), SETX (AOA2, n = 1), ANO10 (SCAR10, n = 1), and SPAST (SPG4, n = 1). We demonstrated that an approach based on the targeted use of the NGS panel can be highly effective and a useful tool in the molecular diagnosis of ataxia patients. Furthermore, we highlight the fact that a sequencing panel targeting both ataxias and HSP genes increases the diagnostic success level.
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13
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Rigby MJ, Orefice NS, Lawton AJ, Ma M, Shapiro SL, Yi SY, Dieterich IA, Frelka A, Miles HN, Pearce RA, Yu JPJ, Li L, Denu JM, Puglielli L. Increased expression of SLC25A1/CIC causes an autistic-like phenotype with altered neuron morphology. Brain 2022; 145:500-516. [PMID: 35203088 PMCID: PMC9014753 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
N ε-lysine acetylation within the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum is a recently characterized protein quality control system that positively selects properly folded glycoproteins in the early secretory pathway. Overexpression of the endoplasmic reticulum acetyl-CoA transporter AT-1 in mouse forebrain neurons results in increased dendritic branching, spine formation and an autistic-like phenotype that is attributed to altered glycoprotein flux through the secretory pathway. AT-1 overexpressing neurons maintain the cytosolic pool of acetyl-CoA by upregulation of SLC25A1, the mitochondrial citrate/malate antiporter and ATP citrate lyase, which converts cytosolic citrate into acetyl-CoA. All three genes have been associated with autism spectrum disorder, suggesting that aberrant cytosolic-to-endoplasmic reticulum flux of acetyl-CoA can be a mechanistic driver for the development of autism spectrum disorder. We therefore generated a SLC25A1 neuron transgenic mouse with overexpression specifically in the forebrain neurons. The mice displayed autistic-like behaviours with a jumping stereotypy. They exhibited increased steady-state levels of citrate and acetyl-CoA, disrupted white matter integrity with activated microglia and altered synaptic plasticity and morphology. Finally, quantitative proteomic and acetyl-proteomic analyses revealed differential adaptations in the hippocampus and cortex. Overall, our study reinforces the connection between aberrant cytosolic-to-endoplasmic reticulum acetyl-CoA flux and the development of an autistic-like phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Rigby
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA,Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA,Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Nicola Salvatore Orefice
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA,Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Alexis J Lawton
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry and the Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Min Ma
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Samantha L Shapiro
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA,Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Sue Y Yi
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Inca A Dieterich
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA,Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA,Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Alyssa Frelka
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Hannah N Miles
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Robert A Pearce
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - John Paul J Yu
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Lingjun Li
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - John M Denu
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry and the Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Luigi Puglielli
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA,Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA,Geriatric Research Education Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Madison, WI 53705, USA,Correspondence to: Luigi Puglielli University of Wisconsin-Madison, Waisman Center 1500 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705, USA E-mail:
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14
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Murie M, Peng Y, Rigby MJ, Dieterich IA, Farrugia MA, Endresen A, Bhattacharyya A, Puglielli L. ATase inhibition rescues age-associated proteotoxicity of the secretory pathway. Commun Biol 2022; 5:173. [PMID: 35217767 PMCID: PMC8881600 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03118-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Malfunction of autophagy contributes to the progression of many chronic age-associated diseases. As such, improving normal proteostatic mechanisms is an active target for biomedical research and a key focal area for aging research. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-based acetylation has emerged as a mechanism that ensures proteostasis within the ER by regulating the induction of ER specific autophagy. ER acetylation is ensured by two ER-membrane bound acetyltransferases, ATase1 and ATase2. Here, we show that ATase inhibitors can rescue ongoing disease manifestations associated with the segmental progeria-like phenotype of AT-1 sTg mice. We also describe a pipeline to reliably identify ATase inhibitors with promising druggability properties. Finally, we show that successful ATase inhibitors can rescue the proteopathy of a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. In conclusion, our study proposes that ATase-targeting approaches might offer a translational pathway for many age-associated proteopathies affecting the ER/secretory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maeghan Murie
- grid.14003.360000 0001 2167 3675Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA ,grid.14003.360000 0001 2167 3675Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA ,grid.14003.360000 0001 2167 3675Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA
| | - Yajing Peng
- grid.14003.360000 0001 2167 3675Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA ,grid.14003.360000 0001 2167 3675Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA
| | - Michael J. Rigby
- grid.14003.360000 0001 2167 3675Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA ,grid.14003.360000 0001 2167 3675Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA ,grid.14003.360000 0001 2167 3675Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA
| | - Inca A. Dieterich
- grid.14003.360000 0001 2167 3675Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA ,grid.14003.360000 0001 2167 3675Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA ,grid.14003.360000 0001 2167 3675Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA
| | - Mark A. Farrugia
- grid.14003.360000 0001 2167 3675Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA ,grid.14003.360000 0001 2167 3675Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA ,grid.17088.360000 0001 2150 1785Present Address: Mark A. Farrugia, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA
| | - Andreas Endresen
- grid.14003.360000 0001 2167 3675Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA ,grid.14003.360000 0001 2167 3675Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA
| | - Anita Bhattacharyya
- grid.14003.360000 0001 2167 3675Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA ,grid.14003.360000 0001 2167 3675Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA
| | - Luigi Puglielli
- grid.14003.360000 0001 2167 3675Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA ,grid.14003.360000 0001 2167 3675Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA ,Geriatric Research Education Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Madison, WI USA
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15
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Trinh TT, Blasco H, Maillot F, Bakhos D. Hearing loss in inherited metabolic disorders: A systematic review. Metabolism 2021; 122:154841. [PMID: 34333001 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2021.154841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Inherited metabolic disorders (IMDs) have been observed in individuals with hearing loss (HL), but IMDs are rarely the cause of syndromic HL. With early diagnosis, management of HL is more effective and cortical reorganization is possible with hearing aids or cochlear implants. This review describes relationships between IMDs and HL in terms of incidence, etiology of HL, pathophysiology, and treatment. Forty types of IMDs are described in the literature, mainly in case reports. Management and prognosis are noted where existing. We also describe IMDs with HL given age of occurrence of HL. Reviewing the main IMDs that are associated with HL may provide an additional clinical tool with which to better diagnose syndromic HL.
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Affiliation(s)
- T-T Trinh
- CHRU de Tours, service ORL et Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, Tours, France.
| | - H Blasco
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Tours, France; Université François Rabelais, Tours, France; INSERM U1253, Tours, France
| | - F Maillot
- Université François Rabelais, Tours, France; INSERM U1253, Tours, France; CHU de Tours, service de Médecine Interne, Tours, France
| | - D Bakhos
- CHRU de Tours, service ORL et Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, Tours, France; Université François Rabelais, Tours, France; INSERM U1253, Tours, France
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16
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Rasheed M, Khan V, Harripaul R, Siddiqui M, Malik MA, Ullah Z, Zahid M, Vincent JB, Ansar M. Exome sequencing identifies novel and known mutations in families with intellectual disability. BMC Med Genomics 2021; 14:211. [PMID: 34452636 PMCID: PMC8399827 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-021-01066-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intellectual disability (ID) is a phenotypically and genetically heterogeneous disorder. METHODS In this study, genome wide SNP microarray and whole exome sequencing are used for the variant identification in eight Pakistani families with ID. Beside ID, most of the affected individuals had speech delay, facial dysmorphism and impaired cognitive abilities. Repetitive behavior was observed in MRID143, while seizures were reported in affected individuals belonging to MRID137 and MRID175. RESULTS In two families (MRID137b and MRID175), we identified variants in the genes CCS and ELFN1, which have not previously been reported to cause ID. In four families, variants were identified in ARX, C5orf42, GNE and METTL4. A copy number variation (CNV) was identified in IL1RAPL1 gene in MRID165. CONCLUSION These findings expand the existing knowledge of variants and genes implicated in autosomal recessive and X linked ID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Memoona Rasheed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Valeed Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Ricardo Harripaul
- Molecular Neuropsychiatry and Development (MiND) Lab, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Maimoona Siddiqui
- Division of Neurology, Shifa College of Medicine, H-8/1, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Madiha Amin Malik
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Zahid Ullah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zahid
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - John B Vincent
- Molecular Neuropsychiatry and Development (MiND) Lab, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Muhammad Ansar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
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17
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Maung MT, Carlson A, Olea-Flores M, Elkhadragy L, Schachtschneider KM, Navarro-Tito N, Padilla-Benavides T. The molecular and cellular basis of copper dysregulation and its relationship with human pathologies. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21810. [PMID: 34390520 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100273rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential micronutrient required for the activity of redox-active enzymes involved in critical metabolic reactions, signaling pathways, and biological functions. Transporters and chaperones control Cu ion levels and bioavailability to ensure proper subcellular and systemic Cu distribution. Intensive research has focused on understanding how mammalian cells maintain Cu homeostasis, and how molecular signals coordinate Cu acquisition and storage within organs. In humans, mutations of genes that regulate Cu homeostasis or facilitate interactions with Cu ions lead to numerous pathologic conditions. Malfunctions of the Cu+ -transporting ATPases ATP7A and ATP7B cause Menkes disease and Wilson disease, respectively. Additionally, defects in the mitochondrial and cellular distributions and homeostasis of Cu lead to severe neurodegenerative conditions, mitochondrial myopathies, and metabolic diseases. Cu has a dual nature in carcinogenesis as a promotor of tumor growth and an inducer of redox stress in cancer cells. Cu also plays role in cancer treatment as a component of drugs and a regulator of drug sensitivity and uptake. In this review, we provide an overview of the current knowledge of Cu metabolism and transport and its relation to various human pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- May T Maung
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT, USA
| | - Alyssa Carlson
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT, USA
| | - Monserrat Olea-Flores
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Lobna Elkhadragy
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kyle M Schachtschneider
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Napoleon Navarro-Tito
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Guerrero, Mexico
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18
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Coenzyme a Biochemistry: From Neurodevelopment to Neurodegeneration. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11081031. [PMID: 34439650 PMCID: PMC8392065 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11081031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme A (CoA) is an essential cofactor in all living organisms. It is involved in a large number of biochemical processes functioning either as an activator of molecules with carbonyl groups or as a carrier of acyl moieties. Together with its thioester derivatives, it plays a central role in cell metabolism, post-translational modification, and gene expression. Furthermore, recent studies revealed a role for CoA in the redox regulation by the S-thiolation of cysteine residues in cellular proteins. The intracellular concentration and distribution in different cellular compartments of CoA and its derivatives are controlled by several extracellular stimuli such as nutrients, hormones, metabolites, and cellular stresses. Perturbations of the biosynthesis and homeostasis of CoA and/or acyl-CoA are connected with several pathological conditions, including cancer, myopathies, and cardiomyopathies. In the most recent years, defects in genes involved in CoA production and distribution have been found in patients affected by rare forms of neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental disorders. In this review, we will summarize the most relevant aspects of CoA cellular metabolism, their role in the pathogenesis of selected neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders, and recent advancements in the search for therapeutic approaches for such diseases.
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19
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Lu S, Wei X, Chen B, Chen J, Zhang L, Yang M, Sun Z, Shi Y, Kong Y, Liu S, Li Y. A new phenomenon of cochlear otosclerosis: an acquired or congenital disease? - A clinical report of cochlear otosclerosis. Acta Otolaryngol 2021; 141:551-556. [PMID: 33819124 DOI: 10.1080/00016489.2021.1906947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND No cochlear otosclerosis in infants with congenital bilateral SNHL has been reported. AIMS/OBJECTIVES We report an infant male with bilateral cochlear otosclerosis, suggesting that cochlear otosclerosis may be a congenital disease and to further analyze the etiology of and genetic expression in congenital bilateral cochlear otosclerosis. We also describe the clinical characteristics and experience of patients with bilateral cochlear otosclerosis treated with cochlear implants (CIs). MATERIALS AND METHODS Seven patients, including an infant, who were diagnosed with cochlear otosclerosis underwent CI surgery. Their medical records, audiological and radiological results, surgical procedures, and CI outcomes were collected and reviewed. RESULTS The median age at hearing loss was 38 years, ranging from 0 to 47 years. The child had bilateral hearing loss at birth and received a CI at 1 year of age. He also had growth retardation and was diagnosed with 3q+/3p- syndrome. All patients (8 ears) had better postoperative auditory performance than that preoperatively. CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE Although cochlear otosclerosis often starts at middle age and progresses slowly, it may be a congenital disease that is related to chromosome abnormality. This disease presents with SNHL or MHL, and treatment with a CI is beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simeng Lu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xingmei Wei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Biao Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jingyuan Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Lifang Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Mengge Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zhiming Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ying Kong
- Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Sha Liu
- Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yongxin Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P. R. China
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20
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Rigby MJ, Lawton AJ, Kaur G, Banduseela VC, Kamm WE, Lakkaraju A, Denu JM, Puglielli L. Endoplasmic reticulum acetyltransferases Atase1 and Atase2 differentially regulate reticulophagy, macroautophagy and cellular acetyl-CoA metabolism. Commun Biol 2021; 4:454. [PMID: 33846551 PMCID: PMC8041774 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-01992-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nε-lysine acetylation in the ER lumen is a recently discovered quality control mechanism that ensures proteostasis within the secretory pathway. The acetyltransferase reaction is carried out by two type-II membrane proteins, ATase1/NAT8B and ATase2/NAT8. Prior studies have shown that reducing ER acetylation can induce reticulophagy, increase ER turnover, and alleviate proteotoxic states. Here, we report the generation of Atase1-/- and Atase2-/- mice and show that these two ER-based acetyltransferases play different roles in the regulation of reticulophagy and macroautophagy. Importantly, knockout of Atase1 alone results in activation of reticulophagy and rescue of the proteotoxic state associated with Alzheimer's disease. Furthermore, loss of Atase1 or Atase2 results in widespread adaptive changes in the cell acetylome and acetyl-CoA metabolism. Overall, our study supports a divergent role of Atase1 and Atase2 in cellular biology, emphasizing ATase1 as a valid translational target for diseases characterized by toxic protein aggregation in the secretory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Rigby
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Alexis J Lawton
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry and the Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Gulpreet Kaur
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Varuna C Banduseela
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - William E Kamm
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Aparna Lakkaraju
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology and Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - John M Denu
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry and the Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Luigi Puglielli
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
- Geriatric Research Education Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Madison, WI, USA.
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21
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Sheehan BK, Orefice NS, Peng Y, Shapiro SL, Puglielli L. ATG9A regulates proteostasis through reticulophagy receptors FAM134B and SEC62 and folding chaperones CALR and HSPB1. iScience 2021; 24:102315. [PMID: 33870132 PMCID: PMC8042170 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The acetylation of ATG9A within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen regulates the induction of reticulophagy. ER acetylation is ensured by AT-1/SLC33A1, a membrane transporter that maintains the cytosol-to-ER flux of acetyl-CoA. Defective AT-1 activity, as caused by heterozygous/homozygous mutations and gene duplication events, results in severe disease phenotypes. Here, we show that although the acetylation of ATG9A occurs in the ER lumen, the induction of reticulophagy requires ATG9A to engage FAM134B and SEC62 on the cytosolic side of the ER. To address this conundrum, we resolved the ATG9A interactome in two mouse models of AT-1 dysregulation: AT-1 sTg, a model of systemic AT-1 overexpression with hyperacetylation of ATG9A, and AT-1S113R/+, a model of AT-1 haploinsufficiency with hypoacetylation of ATG9A. We identified CALR and HSPB1 as two ATG9A partners that regulate the induction of reticulophagy as a function of ATG9A acetylation and discovered that ATG9A associates with several proteins that maintain ER proteostasis. The ATG9A-FAM134B and ATG9A-SEC62 interaction requires specific structural features Opposite Ca++-binding EF hands regulate ATG9A-FAM134B interaction HSBP1 and CALR regulate ATG9A-mediated induction of reticulophagy Many of the proteins that ensure ER proteostasis display spatial vicinity/cross talk
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan K Sheehan
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA.,Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Nicola S Orefice
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA.,Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Yajing Peng
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA.,Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Samantha L Shapiro
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA.,Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Luigi Puglielli
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA.,Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA.,Geriatric Research Education Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Madison, WI 53705, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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22
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Dieterich IA, Cui Y, Braun MM, Lawton AJ, Robinson NH, Peotter JL, Yu Q, Casler JC, Glick BS, Audhya A, Denu JM, Li L, Puglielli L. Acetyl-CoA flux from the cytosol to the ER regulates engagement and quality of the secretory pathway. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2013. [PMID: 33479349 PMCID: PMC7820588 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81447-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nε-lysine acetylation in the ER is an essential component of the quality control machinery. ER acetylation is ensured by a membrane transporter, AT-1/SLC33A1, which translocates cytosolic acetyl-CoA into the ER lumen, and two acetyltransferases, ATase1 and ATase2, which acetylate nascent polypeptides within the ER lumen. Dysfunctional AT-1, as caused by gene mutation or duplication events, results in severe disease phenotypes. Here, we used two models of AT-1 dysregulation to investigate dynamics of the secretory pathway: AT-1 sTg, a model of systemic AT-1 overexpression, and AT-1S113R/+, a model of AT-1 haploinsufficiency. The animals displayed reorganization of the ER, ERGIC, and Golgi apparatus. In particular, AT-1 sTg animals displayed a marked delay in Golgi-to-plasma membrane protein trafficking, significant alterations in Golgi-based N-glycan modification, and a marked expansion of the lysosomal network. Collectively our results indicate that AT-1 is essential to maintain proper organization and engagement of the secretory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inca A Dieterich
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Yusi Cui
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Megan M Braun
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Alexis J Lawton
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Nicklaus H Robinson
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jennifer L Peotter
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Qing Yu
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jason C Casler
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Benjamin S Glick
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Anjon Audhya
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - John M Denu
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Lingjun Li
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
| | - Luigi Puglielli
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA. .,Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA. .,Geriatric Research Education Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Madison, WI, USA. .,Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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23
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Qorri B, Tsay M, Agrawal A, Au R, Gracie J. Using machine intelligence to uncover Alzheimer’s disease progression heterogeneity. EXPLORATION OF MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.37349/emed.2020.00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Research suggests that Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is heterogeneous with numerous subtypes. Through a proprietary interactive ML system, several underlying biological mechanisms associated with AD pathology were uncovered. This paper is an introduction to emerging analytic efforts that can more precisely elucidate the heterogeneity of AD.
Methods: A public AD data set (GSE84422) consisting of transcriptomic data of postmortem brain samples from healthy controls (n = 121) and AD (n = 380) subjects was analyzed. Data were processed by an artificial intelligence platform designed to discover potential drug repurposing candidates, followed by an interactive augmented intelligence program.
Results: Using perspective analytics, six perspective classes were identified: Class I is defined by TUBB1, ASB4, and PDE5A; Class II by NRG2 and ZNF3; Class III by IGF1, ASB4, and GTSE1; Class IV is defined by cDNA FLJ39269, ITGA1, and CPM; Class V is defined by PDE5A, PSEN1, and NDUFS8; and Class VI is defined by DCAF17, cDNA FLJ75819, and SLC33A1. It is hypothesized that these classes represent biological mechanisms that may act alone or in any combination to manifest an Alzheimer’s pathology.
Conclusions: Using a limited transcriptomic public database, six different classes that drive AD were uncovered, supporting the premise that AD is a heterogeneously complex disorder. The perspective classes highlighted genetic pathways associated with vasculogenesis, cellular signaling and differentiation, metabolic function, mitochondrial function, nitric oxide, and metal ion metabolism. The interplay among these genetic factors reveals a more profound underlying complexity of AD that may be responsible for the confluence of several biological factors. These results are not exhaustive; instead, they demonstrate that even within a relatively small study sample, next-generation machine intelligence can uncover multiple genetically driven subtypes. The models and the underlying hypotheses generated using novel analytic methods may translate into potential treatment pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bessi Qorri
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Mike Tsay
- NetraMark Corp, Toronto, ON M4E 1G8, Canada
| | | | - Rhoda Au
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Neurology and Epidemiology, Boston University Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Boston, MA 02218, USA
| | - Joseph Gracie
- NetraMark Corp, Toronto, ON M4E 1G8, Canada 5Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
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24
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Li W, Bicak M, Sjoberg DD, Vertosick E, Dahlin A, Melander O, Ulmert D, Lilja H, Klein RJ. Genome-wide association study identifies novel single nucleotide polymorphisms having age-specific effect on prostate-specific antigen levels. Prostate 2020; 80:1405-1412. [PMID: 32914890 PMCID: PMC7606728 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Testing for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels in blood are widely used and associated with prostate cancer risk and outcome. After puberty, PSA levels increase by age and multiple single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been found to be associated with PSA levels. However, the relationship between the effects of SNPs and age on PSA remains unknown. METHODS To test for SNP × age interaction, we conducted a genome-wide association study using 2394 men without prostate cancer diagnosis from Malmö, Sweden as a discovery set and 2137 men from the eMERGE study (USA) for validation. Linear regression was used to identify significant interactions between SNP and age (p < 1 × 10-4 for discovery, p < .05 for validation). RESULTS The 15 SNPs from three different loci (8p11.22, 8p12, 3q25.31) are found to have age-specific effect on PSA levels. Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) analysis shows that 12 SNPs from 3q25.31 locus affect the expression level of three genes: KCNAB1, SLC33A1, PLCH1. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that SNPs may have age-specific effect on PSA levels, which provides new direction to study genetic markers for PSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqiang Li
- Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology and Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Mesude Bicak
- Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology and Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Daniel D. Sjoberg
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Emily Vertosick
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Anders Dahlin
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - David Ulmert
- Molecular pharmacology program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY USA
| | - Hans Lilja
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine, Surgery, and Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA; Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Robert J. Klein
- Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology and Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
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25
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Moffett JR, Puthillathu N, Vengilote R, Jaworski DM, Namboodiri AM. Acetate Revisited: A Key Biomolecule at the Nexus of Metabolism, Epigenetics and Oncogenesis-Part 1: Acetyl-CoA, Acetogenesis and Acyl-CoA Short-Chain Synthetases. Front Physiol 2020; 11:580167. [PMID: 33281616 PMCID: PMC7689297 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.580167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetate is a major end product of bacterial fermentation of fiber in the gut. Acetate, whether derived from the diet or from fermentation in the colon, has been implicated in a range of health benefits. Acetate is also generated in and released from various tissues including the intestine and liver, and is generated within all cells by deacetylation reactions. To be utilized, all acetate, regardless of the source, must be converted to acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA), which is carried out by enzymes known as acyl-CoA short-chain synthetases. Acyl-CoA short-chain synthetase-2 (ACSS2) is present in the cytosol and nuclei of many cell types, whereas ACSS1 is mitochondrial, with greatest expression in heart, skeletal muscle, and brown adipose tissue. In addition to acting to redistribute carbon systemically like a ketone body, acetate is becoming recognized as a cellular regulatory molecule with diverse functions beyond the formation of acetyl-CoA for energy derivation and lipogenesis. Acetate acts, in part, as a metabolic sensor linking nutrient balance and cellular stress responses with gene transcription and the regulation of protein function. ACSS2 is an important task-switching component of this sensory system wherein nutrient deprivation, hypoxia and other stressors shift ACSS2 from a lipogenic role in the cytoplasm to a regulatory role in the cell nucleus. Protein acetylation is a critical post-translational modification involved in regulating cell behavior, and alterations in protein acetylation status have been linked to multiple disease states, including cancer. Improving our fundamental understanding of the "acetylome" and how acetate is generated and utilized at the subcellular level in different cell types will provide much needed insight into normal and neoplastic cellular metabolism and the epigenetic regulation of phenotypic expression under different physiological stressors. This article is Part 1 of 2 - for Part 2 see doi: 10.3389/fphys.2020.580171.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R. Moffett
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, and Neuroscience Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Narayanan Puthillathu
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, and Neuroscience Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Ranjini Vengilote
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, and Neuroscience Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Diane M. Jaworski
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Aryan M. Namboodiri
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, and Neuroscience Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
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26
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The aim of this article is to review recent developments in the areas of the disease features and treatment of Wilson disease, and survey disorders that share its pathophysiology or clinical symptoms. RECENT FINDINGS Knowledge of the clinical spectrum of Wilson disease has expanded with recognition of patients who present in atypical age groups - patients with very early onset (<5 years) and those in whom symptoms present in mid-to-late adulthood. A disease phenotype with dominant psychiatric features and increased risk of cardiac problems and various sleep disorders have been identified.In addition to a better understanding of the phenotype of Wilson disease itself, features of some related disorders ('Wilson disease-mimics') have been described leading to a better understanding of copper homeostasis in humans. These disorders include diseases of copper disposition, such as mental retardation, enteropathy, deafness, neuropathy, ichthyosis, keratoderma syndrome, Niemann-Pick type C, and certain congenital disorders of glycosylation, as well as analogous disorders of iron and manganese metabolism.Outcomes for existing treatments, including in certain patient subpopulations of interest, are better known. Novel treatment strategies being studied include testing of bis-choline tetrathiomolybdate in phase 2 clinical trial as well as various preclinical explorations of new copper chelators and ways to restore ATP7B function or repair the causative gene. SUMMARY Recent studies have expanded the phenotype of Wilson disease, identified rare inherited metal-related disorders that resemble Wilson disease, and studied long-term outcomes of existing treatments. These developments can be expected to have an immediate as well as a long-term impact on the clinical management of the disease, and point to promising avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annu Aggarwal
- Wilson Disease Clinic, Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital and Medical Research Institute (KDAH)
- Memory Clinic, KDAH
| | - Mohit Bhatt
- Wilson Disease Clinic, Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital and Medical Research Institute (KDAH)
- Movement Disorder Clinic, KDAH, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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27
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Rigby MJ, Ding Y, Farrugia MA, Feig M, Cortese GP, Mitchell H, Burger C, Puglielli L. The endoplasmic reticulum acetyltransferases ATase1/NAT8B and ATase2/NAT8 are differentially regulated to adjust engagement of the secretory pathway. J Neurochem 2020; 154:404-423. [PMID: 31945187 PMCID: PMC7363514 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Nε-lysine acetylation of nascent glycoproteins within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen regulates the efficiency of the secretory pathway. The ER acetylation machinery consists of the membrane transporter, acetyl-CoA transporter 1 (AT-1/SLC33A1), and two acetyltransferases, ATase1/NAT8B and ATase2/NAT8. Dysfunctional ER acetylation is associated with severe neurological diseases with duplication of AT-1/SLC33A1 being associated with autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disability, and dysmorphism. Neuron-specific AT-1 over-expression in the mouse alters neuron morphology and function, causing an autism-like phenotype, indicating that ER acetylation plays a key role in neurophysiology. As such, characterizing the molecular mechanisms that regulate the acetylation machinery could reveal critical information about its biology. By using structure-biochemistry approaches, we discovered that ATase1 and ATase2 share enzymatic properties but differ in that ATase1 is post-translationally regulated via acetylation. Furthermore, gene expression studies revealed that the promoters of AT-1, ATase1, and ATase2 contain functional binding sites for the neuron-related transcription factors cAMP response element-binding protein and the immediate-early genes c-FOS and c-JUN, and that ATase1 and ATase2 exhibit additional modes of transcriptional regulation relevant to aging and Alzheimer's disease. In vivo rodent gene expression experiments revealed that Atase2 is specifically induced following activity-dependent events. Finally, over-expression of either ATase1 or ATase2 was sufficient to increase the engagement of the secretory pathway in PC12 cells. Our results indicate important regulatory roles for ATase1 and ATase2 in neuron function with induction of ATase2 expression potentially serving as a critical event that adjusts the efficiency of the secretory pathway for activity-dependent neuronal functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Rigby
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Yun Ding
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Mark A. Farrugia
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Michael Feig
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | | | | | - Corinna Burger
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
- Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Luigi Puglielli
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
- Geriatric Research Education Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Madison, WI 53705
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28
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Genetic Disorders Associated with Metal Metabolism. Cells 2019; 8:cells8121598. [PMID: 31835360 PMCID: PMC6952812 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic disorders associated with metal metabolism form a large group of disorders and mostly result from defects in the proteins/enzymes involved in nutrient metabolism and energy production. These defects can affect different metabolic pathways and cause mild to severe disorders related to metal metabolism. Some disorders have moderate to severe clinical consequences. In severe cases, these elements accumulate in different tissues and organs, particularly the brain. As they are toxic and interfere with normal biological functions, the severity of the disorder increases. However, the human body requires a very small amount of these elements, and a deficiency of or increase in these elements can cause different genetic disorders to occur. Some of the metals discussed in the present review are copper, iron, manganese, zinc, and selenium. These elements may play a key role in the pathology and physiology of the nervous system.
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29
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Alsaif HS, Al-Owain M, Barrios-Llerena ME, Gosadi G, Binamer Y, Devadason D, Ravenscroft J, Suri M, Alkuraya FS. Homozygous Loss-of-Function Mutations in AP1B1, Encoding Beta-1 Subunit of Adaptor-Related Protein Complex 1, Cause MEDNIK-like Syndrome. Am J Hum Genet 2019; 105:1016-1022. [PMID: 31630791 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2019.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
MEDNIK syndrome (mental retardation, enteropathy, deafness, peripheral neuropathy, ichthyosis, and keratoderma) is an autosomal-recessive disorder caused by bi-allelic mutations in AP1S1, encoding the small σ subunit of the AP-1 complex. Central to the pathogenesis of MEDNIK syndrome is abnormal AP-1-mediated trafficking of copper transporters; this abnormal trafficking results in a hybrid phenotype combining the copper-deficiency-related characteristics of Menkes disease and the copper-toxicity-related characteristics of Wilson disease. We describe three individuals from two unrelated families in whom a MEDNIK-like phenotype segregates with two homozygous null variants in AP1B1, encoding the large β subunit of the AP-1 complex. Similar to individuals with MEDNIK syndrome, the affected individuals we report display abnormal copper metabolism, evidenced by low plasma copper and ceruloplasmin, but lack evidence of copper toxicity in the liver. Functional characterization of fibroblasts derived from affected individuals closely resembles the abnormal ATP7A trafficking described in MEDNIK syndrome both at baseline and in response to copper treatment. Taken together, our results expand the list of inborn errors of copper metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hessa S Alsaif
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Al-Owain
- Department of Medical Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Martin E Barrios-Llerena
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry, Bioscience Core Labs, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghada Gosadi
- Department of Medical Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousef Binamer
- Department of Dermatology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - David Devadason
- Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Nottingham Children's Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG72UH, United Kingdom
| | - Jane Ravenscroft
- Department of Paediatric Dermatology, Nottingham Children's Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG72UH, United Kingdom
| | - Mohnish Suri
- Clinical Genetics Service, Nottingham University Hospitals, City Hospital Campus, Nottingham NG51PB, United Kingdom.
| | - Fowzan S Alkuraya
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia.
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30
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Dieterich IA, Lawton AJ, Peng Y, Yu Q, Rhoads TW, Overmyer KA, Cui Y, Armstrong EA, Howell PR, Burhans MS, Li L, Denu JM, Coon JJ, Anderson RM, Puglielli L. Acetyl-CoA flux regulates the proteome and acetyl-proteome to maintain intracellular metabolic crosstalk. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3929. [PMID: 31477734 PMCID: PMC6718414 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11945-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AT-1/SLC33A1 is a key member of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) acetylation machinery, transporting acetyl-CoA from the cytosol into the ER lumen where acetyl-CoA serves as the acetyl-group donor for Nε-lysine acetylation. Dysfunctional ER acetylation, as caused by heterozygous or homozygous mutations as well as gene duplication events of AT-1/SLC33A1, has been linked to both developmental and degenerative diseases. Here, we investigate two models of AT-1 dysregulation and altered acetyl-CoA flux: AT-1S113R/+ mice, a model of AT-1 haploinsufficiency, and AT-1 sTg mice, a model of AT-1 overexpression. The animals display distinct metabolic adaptation across intracellular compartments, including reprogramming of lipid metabolism and mitochondria bioenergetics. Mechanistically, the perturbations to AT-1-dependent acetyl-CoA flux result in global and specific changes in both the proteome and the acetyl-proteome (protein acetylation). Collectively, our results suggest that AT-1 acts as an important metabolic regulator that maintains acetyl-CoA homeostasis by promoting functional crosstalk between different intracellular organelles. The Endoplasmic Reticulum acetylation machinery ensures proper quality control and disposal of newly folded proteins transiting the secretory pathway. Here, the authors show that this machinery acts as a metabolic regulator of acetyl-CoA homeostasis, impacting intracellular crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inca A Dieterich
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Alexis J Lawton
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry and the Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Yajing Peng
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Qing Yu
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Timothy W Rhoads
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Katherine A Overmyer
- Department of Chemistry, Biomolecular Chemistry and Genome Center of Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Yusi Cui
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Eric A Armstrong
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry and the Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Porsha R Howell
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maggie S Burhans
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lingjun Li
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - John M Denu
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry and the Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Joshua J Coon
- Department of Chemistry, Biomolecular Chemistry and Genome Center of Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Rozalyn M Anderson
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Geriatric Research Education Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Madison, Wisconsin, WI, USA
| | - Luigi Puglielli
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA. .,Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA. .,Geriatric Research Education Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Madison, Wisconsin, WI, USA. .,Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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Saudubray JM, Mochel F, Lamari F, Garcia-Cazorla A. Proposal for a simplified classification of IMD based on a pathophysiological approach: A practical guide for clinicians. J Inherit Metab Dis 2019; 42:706-727. [PMID: 30883825 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In view of the rapidly expanding number of IMD discovered by next generation sequencing, we propose a simplified classification of IMD that mixes elements from a clinical diagnostic perspective and a pathophysiological approach based on three large categories. We highlight the increasing importance of complex molecule metabolism and its connection with cell biology processes. Small molecule disorders have biomarkers and are divided in two subcategories: accumulation and deficiency. Accumulation of small molecules leads to acute or progressive postnatal "intoxication", present after a symptom-free interval, aggravated by catabolism and food intake. These treatable disorders must not be missed! Deficiency of small molecules is due to impaired synthesis of compounds distal to a block or altered transport of essential molecules. This subgroup shares many clinical characteristics with complex molecule disorders. Complex molecules (like glycogen, sphingolipids, phospholipids, glycosaminoglycans, glycolipids) are poorly diffusible. Accumulation of complex molecules leads to postnatal progressive storage like in glycogen and lysosomal storage disorders. Many are treatable. Deficiency of complex molecules is related to the synthesis and recycling of these molecules, which take place in organelles. They may interfere with fœtal development. Most present as neurodevelopmental or neurodegenerative disorders unrelated to food intake. Peroxisomal disorders, CDG defects of intracellular trafficking and processing, recycling of synaptic vesicles, and tRNA synthetases also belong to this category. Only few have biomarkers and are treatable. Disorders involving primarily energy metabolism encompass defects of membrane carriers of energetic molecules as well as cytoplasmic and mitochondrial metabolic defects. This oversimplified classification is connected to the most recent available nosology of IMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Marie Saudubray
- Groupe de Recherche Clinique Neurométabolique, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Fanny Mochel
- Groupe de Recherche Clinique Neurométabolique, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
- Centre de Référence Neurométabolique Adulte, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC-Paris 6, UMR S 1127 and Inserm U 1127, and CNRS UMR 7225, and ICM, F-75013, Paris, France
- Département de Génétique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Foudil Lamari
- Groupe de Recherche Clinique Neurométabolique, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
- Centre de Référence Neurométabolique Adulte, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
- Département de Biochimie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Angeles Garcia-Cazorla
- Neurology Department, Neurometabolic Unit and Synaptic Metabolism Lab, Institut Pediàtric de Recerca, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, metabERN and CIBERER-ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
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32
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Hermann W. Classification and differential diagnosis of Wilson's disease. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 7:S63. [PMID: 31179300 PMCID: PMC6531651 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.02.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Wilson's disease is characterized by hepatic and extrapyramidal movement disorders (EPS) with variable manifestation primarily between age 5 and 45. This variability often makes an early diagnosis difficult. A classification defines different clinical variants of Wilson's disease, which enables classifying the current clinical findings and making an early tentative diagnosis. Until the unequivocal proof or an autosomal recessive disorder of the hepatic copper transporter ATP7B has been ruled out, differential diagnoses have to be examined. Laboratory-chemical parameters of copper metabolism can both be deviations from the norm not related to the disease as well as other copper metabolism disorders besides Wilson's disease. In addition to known diseases such as Menkes disease, occipital horn syndrome (OHS), Indian childhood cirrhosis (ICC) and ceruloplasmin deficiency, recently discovered disorders are taken into account. These include MEDNIK syndrome, Huppke-Brendel syndrome and CCS chaperone deficiency. Another main focus is on differential diagnoses of childhood icterus correlated with age and anaemia as well as disorders of the extrapyramidal motor system. The Kayser-Fleischer ring (KFR) is qualified as classical ophthalmologic manifestation. The recently described manganese storage disease presents another rare metabolic disorder with symptoms similar to Wilson's disease. As this overview shows, Wilson's disease fits into a broad spectrum of internal and neurological disease patterns with icterus, anaemia and EPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wieland Hermann
- Department of Neurology, SRO AG Spital Langenthal, Langenthal, Switzerland
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Abstract
Inborn errors of metabolism, also known as inherited metabolic diseases, constitute an important group of conditions presenting with neurologic signs in newborns. They are individually rare but collectively common. Many are treatable through restoration of homeostasis of a disrupted metabolic pathway. Given their frequency and potential for treatment, the clinician should be aware of this group of conditions and learn to identify the typical manifestations of the different inborn errors of metabolism. In this review, we summarize the clinical, laboratory, electrophysiologic, and neuroimaging findings of the different inborn errors of metabolism that can present with florid neurologic signs and symptoms in the neonatal period.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Female
- Humans
- Infant, Newborn
- Infant, Newborn, Diseases/diagnosis
- Infant, Newborn, Diseases/diagnostic imaging
- Infant, Newborn, Diseases/physiopathology
- Infant, Newborn, Diseases/therapy
- Metabolism, Inborn Errors/diagnosis
- Metabolism, Inborn Errors/diagnostic imaging
- Metabolism, Inborn Errors/physiopathology
- Metabolism, Inborn Errors/therapy
- Neuroimaging
- Pregnancy
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos R Ferreira
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States; Rare Disease Institute, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Clara D M van Karnebeek
- Departments of Pediatrics and Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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Farrugia MA, Puglielli L. Nε-lysine acetylation in the endoplasmic reticulum - a novel cellular mechanism that regulates proteostasis and autophagy. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:131/22/jcs221747. [PMID: 30446507 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.221747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) take many shapes, have many effects and are necessary for cellular homeostasis. One of these PTMs, Nε-lysine acetylation, was thought to occur only in the mitochondria, cytosol and nucleus, but this paradigm was challenged in the past decade with the discovery of lysine acetylation in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). This process is governed by the ER acetylation machinery: the cytosol:ER-lumen acetyl-CoA transporter AT-1 (also known as SLC33A1), and the ER-resident lysine acetyltransferases ATase1 and ATase2 (also known as NAT8B and NAT8, respectively). This Review summarizes the more recent biochemical, cellular and mouse model studies that underscore the importance of the ER acetylation process in maintaining protein homeostasis and autophagy within the secretory pathway, and its impact on developmental and age-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Farrugia
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA.,Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Luigi Puglielli
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA .,Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA.,Geriatric Research Education Clinical Center, VA Medical Center, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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Peng Y, Shapiro SL, Banduseela VC, Dieterich IA, Hewitt KJ, Bresnick EH, Kong G, Zhang J, Schueler KL, Keller MP, Attie AD, Hacker TA, Sullivan R, Kielar‐Grevstad E, Arriola Apelo SI, Lamming DW, Anderson RM, Puglielli L. Increased transport of acetyl-CoA into the endoplasmic reticulum causes a progeria-like phenotype. Aging Cell 2018; 17:e12820. [PMID: 30051577 PMCID: PMC6156544 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The membrane transporter AT-1/SLC33A1 translocates cytosolic acetyl-CoA into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), participating in quality control mechanisms within the secretory pathway. Mutations and duplication events in AT-1/SLC33A1 are highly pleiotropic and have been linked to diseases such as spastic paraplegia, developmental delay, autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disability, propensity to seizures, and dysmorphism. Despite these known associations, the biology of this key transporter is only beginning to be uncovered. Here, we show that systemic overexpression of AT-1 in the mouse leads to a segmental form of progeria with dysmorphism and metabolic alterations. The phenotype includes delayed growth, short lifespan, alopecia, skin lesions, rectal prolapse, osteoporosis, cardiomegaly, muscle atrophy, reduced fertility, and anemia. In terms of homeostasis, the AT-1 overexpressing mouse displays hypocholesterolemia, altered glycemia, and increased indices of systemic inflammation. Mechanistically, the phenotype is caused by a block in Atg9a-Fam134b-LC3β and Atg9a-Sec62-LC3β interactions, and defective reticulophagy, the autophagic recycling of the ER. Inhibition of ATase1/ATase2 acetyltransferase enzymes downstream of AT-1 restores reticulophagy and rescues the phenotype of the animals. These data suggest that inappropriately elevated acetyl-CoA flux into the ER directly induces defects in autophagy and recycling of subcellular structures and that this diversion of acetyl-CoA from cytosol to ER is causal in the progeria phenotype. Collectively, these data establish the cytosol-to-ER flux of acetyl-CoA as a novel event that dictates the pace of aging phenotypes and identify intracellular acetyl-CoA-dependent homeostatic mechanisms linked to metabolism and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Peng
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsin
- Waisman CenterUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsin
| | - Samantha L. Shapiro
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsin
- Waisman CenterUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsin
| | - Varuna C. Banduseela
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsin
- Waisman CenterUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsin
- Present address:
Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichigan
| | - Inca A. Dieterich
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsin
- Waisman CenterUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsin
- Neuroscience Training ProgramUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsin
| | - Kyle J. Hewitt
- Department of Cell and Regenerative BiologyUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsin
| | - Emery H. Bresnick
- Department of Cell and Regenerative BiologyUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsin
| | - Guangyao Kong
- Department of Cell and Regenerative BiologyUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsin
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Cell and Regenerative BiologyUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsin
| | | | - Mark P. Keller
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsin
| | - Alan D. Attie
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsin
| | - Timothy A. Hacker
- Cardiovascular Research CenterUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsin
| | - Ruth Sullivan
- Department of Comparative BiosciencesUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsin
| | | | - Sebastian I. Arriola Apelo
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsin
- Present address:
Department of Dairy ScienceUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsin
| | - Dudley W. Lamming
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsin
| | - Rozalyn M. Anderson
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsin
- Geriatric Research Education Clinical CenterVeterans Affairs Medical CenterMadisonWisconsin
| | - Luigi Puglielli
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsin
- Waisman CenterUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsin
- Geriatric Research Education Clinical CenterVeterans Affairs Medical CenterMadisonWisconsin
- Department of NeuroscienceUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsin
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Rossi M, Anheim M, Durr A, Klein C, Koenig M, Synofzik M, Marras C, van de Warrenburg BP. The genetic nomenclature of recessive cerebellar ataxias. Mov Disord 2018; 33:1056-1076. [PMID: 29756227 DOI: 10.1002/mds.27415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The recessive cerebellar ataxias are a large group of degenerative and metabolic disorders, the diagnostic management of which is difficult because of the enormous clinical and genetic heterogeneity. Because of several limitations, the current classification systems provide insufficient guidance for clinicians and researchers. Here, we propose a new nomenclature for the genetically confirmed recessive cerebellar ataxias according to the principles and criteria laid down by the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society Task Force on Classification and Nomenclature of Genetic Movement Disorders. We apply stringent criteria for considering an association between gene and phenotype to be established. The newly proposed list of recessively inherited cerebellar ataxias includes 62 disorders that were assigned an ATX prefix, followed by the gene name, because these typically present with ataxia as a predominant and/or consistent feature. An additional 30 disorders that often combine ataxia with a predominant or consistent other movement disorder received a double prefix (e.g., ATX/HSP). We also identified a group of 89 entities that usually present with complex nonataxia phenotypes, but may occasionally present with cerebellar ataxia. These are listed separately without the ATX prefix. This new, transparent and adaptable nomenclature of the recessive cerebellar ataxias will facilitate the clinical recognition of recessive ataxias, guide diagnostic testing in ataxia patients, and help in interpreting genetic findings. © 2018 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malco Rossi
- Movement Disorders Section, Neuroscience Department, Raul Carrea Institute for Neurological Research, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mathieu Anheim
- Département de Neurologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France.,Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, INSERM-U964/CNRS-UMR7104/Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.,Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Alexandra Durr
- Brain and Spine Institute, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris, France.,Department of Genetics, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, 7501, Paris, France
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Germany
| | - Michel Koenig
- Laboratoire de Génétique de Maladies Rares, EA7402, Institut Universitaire de Recherche Clinique, Université de Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Matthis Synofzik
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Connie Marras
- Toronto Western Hospital Morton, Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Centre, and the Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Bart P van de Warrenburg
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition & Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Pihlstrøm L, Wiethoff S, Houlden H. Genetics of neurodegenerative diseases: an overview. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2018; 145:309-323. [PMID: 28987179 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-802395-2.00022-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Genetic factors are central to the etiology of neurodegeneration, both as monogenic causes of heritable disease and as modifiers of susceptibility to complex, sporadic disorders. Over the last two decades, the identification of disease genes and risk loci has led to some of the greatest advances in medicine and invaluable insights into pathogenic mechanisms and disease pathways. Large-scale research efforts, novel study designs, and advances in methodology are rapidly expanding our understanding of the genome and the genetic architecture of neurodegenerative disease. Here, we review major developments in the field to date, highlighting overarching historic trends and general insights. Monogenic neurodegenerative diseases are discussed from the perspectives of both rare Mendelian forms of common disorders, such as Alzheimer disease and Parkinson disease, and heterogeneous heritable conditions, including ataxias and spastic paraplegias. Next, we summarize the experiences from investigations of complex neurodegenerative disorders, including genomewide association studies. In the final section, we reflect upon the limitations of current findings and outline important future directions. Genetics plays an essential role in translational research, ultimately aiming to develop novel disease-modifying therapies for neurodegenerative disorders. We anticipate that individual genetic profiling will also be increasingly relevant in a clinical context, with implications for patient care in line with the proposed ideal of personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasse Pihlstrøm
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; UCL Institute of Neurology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Wiethoff
- UCL Institute of Neurology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom; Center for Neurology and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Eberhard-Karls-University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Henry Houlden
- UCL Institute of Neurology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom.
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Abstract
Trace elements are chemical elements needed in minute amounts for normal physiology. Some of the physiologically relevant trace elements include iodine, copper, iron, manganese, zinc, selenium, cobalt and molybdenum. Of these, some are metals, and in particular, transition metals. The different electron shells of an atom carry different energy levels, with those closest to the nucleus being lowest in energy. The number of electrons in the outermost shell determines the reactivity of such an atom. The electron shells are divided in sub-shells, and in particular the third shell has s, p and d sub-shells. Transition metals are strictly defined as elements whose atom has an incomplete d sub-shell. This incomplete d sub-shell makes them prone to chemical reactions, particularly redox reactions. Transition metals of biologic importance include copper, iron, manganese, cobalt and molybdenum. Zinc is not a transition metal, since it has a complete d sub-shell. Selenium, on the other hand, is strictly speaking a nonmetal, although given its chemical properties between those of metals and nonmetals, it is sometimes considered a metalloid. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the inborn errors of metal and metalloid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos R. Ferreira
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Children’s National Health System, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
- Section on Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - William A. Gahl
- Section on Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
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García-Alcántara F, Murillo-Cuesta S, Pulido S, Bermúdez-Muñoz JM, Martínez-Vega R, Milo M, Varela-Nieto I, Rivera T. The expression of oxidative stress response genes is modulated by a combination of resveratrol and N-acetylcysteine to ameliorate ototoxicity in the rat cochlea. Hear Res 2017; 358:10-21. [PMID: 29304389 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Aminoglycoside antibiotics are used widely in medicine despite their ototoxic side-effects. Oxidative stress and inflammation are key mechanisms determining the extent and severity of the damage. Here we evaluate the protective effect of a treatment with resveratrol plus N-acetylcysteine on the ototoxic actions of kanamycin and furosemide in the rat. Resveratrol (10 mg/kg) and N-acetylcysteine (400 mg/kg) were administered together to Wistar rats on 5 consecutive days. The second day, a concentrated solution of kanamycin and furosemide was placed on the round window to induce ototoxicity. Hearing was assessed by recording auditory brainstem responses before and 5, 16 and 23 days after the beginning of the treatment. Cochlear samples were taken at day 5 (end of the treatment) and at day 23, and targeted PCR arrays or RT-qPCR were performed to analyze oxidative balance and inflammation related genes, respectively. In addition, the cytoarchitecture and the presence of apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammation markers were evaluated in cochlear sections. Results indicate that administration of resveratrol plus N-acetylcysteine reduced the threshold shifts induced by ototoxic drugs at high frequencies (≈10 dB), although this protective effect fades after the cessation of the treatment. Gene expression analysis showed that the treatment modulated the expression of genes involved in the cellular oxidative (Gpx1, Sod1, Ccs and Noxa1) and inflammatory (Il1b, Il4, Mpo and Ncf) responses to injury. Thus, co-administration of resveratrol and NAC, routinely used individually in patients, could reduce the ototoxic secondary effects of aminoglycosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando García-Alcántara
- Príncipe de Asturias University Hospital, Universidad de Alcalá, Carretera Alcalá-Meco s/n, 28805, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), Spanish National Research Council-Autonomous University of Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Network Research in Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Silvia Murillo-Cuesta
- Institute of Biomedical Research "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), Spanish National Research Council-Autonomous University of Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Network Research in Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Pedro Rico 6, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Sara Pulido
- Institute of Biomedical Research "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), Spanish National Research Council-Autonomous University of Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Network Research in Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S3 7HF, United Kingdom.
| | - Jose M Bermúdez-Muñoz
- Institute of Biomedical Research "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), Spanish National Research Council-Autonomous University of Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Network Research in Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Raquel Martínez-Vega
- Institute of Biomedical Research "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), Spanish National Research Council-Autonomous University of Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Marta Milo
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S3 7HF, United Kingdom.
| | - Isabel Varela-Nieto
- Institute of Biomedical Research "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), Spanish National Research Council-Autonomous University of Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Network Research in Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Pedro Rico 6, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Teresa Rivera
- Príncipe de Asturias University Hospital, Universidad de Alcalá, Carretera Alcalá-Meco s/n, 28805, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), Spanish National Research Council-Autonomous University of Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Network Research in Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
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Li T, Tu L, Zhang Q, Gu R, Wang Q, Wang B, Yao H, Qu X, Wang W, Tian J. SPG3A gene polymorphisms in hereditary spastic paraplegia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2017; 10:9760-9764. [PMID: 31966859 PMCID: PMC6965986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to analyze the hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP)/spastic paraplegia 3A (SPG3A) genomic structure as well as the polymorphisms in SPG3G genomic structure by comparing with the normal subjects. METHODS A total of 66 sporadic cases with HSP were collected from April 2014 to September 2016. Genomic DNA extraction was performed, and all coding exons and junction region in the SPG3A gene were sequenced. Genetic mutations were identified and DNA sequence alignment was performed against 80 normal subjects without blood relationship. The polymorphism in SPG3A gene was analyzed. RESULTS The coding sequence of the SPG3A gene consisted of 14 exons and two polymorphisms were detected at exons 2 and 3 compared with the normal subjects; one polymorphism was detected at exons 3, 4 and 6, respectively. CONCLUSION The two coding exons in the SPG3A gene in normal subjects were polymorphic and highly conservative. The intron consisted of 3 polymorphic coding sequences. Understanding the polymorphism and genetic mutations in the SPG3A gene will contribute to the diagnosis and treatment of HSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Li
- Zunyi Medical CollegeGuizhou, China
- Department of Emergency, Guizhou Provincial People’s HospitalGuizhou, China
| | - Li Tu
- Department of Emergency, Guizhou Provincial People’s HospitalGuizhou, China
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuizhou, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Guizhou Provincial People’s HospitalGuizhou, China
| | - Ran Gu
- Department of Neurology, Guizhou Provincial People’s HospitalGuizhou, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Neurology, Guizhou Provincial People’s HospitalGuizhou, China
| | - Bingjin Wang
- Department of Emergency, Guizhou Provincial People’s HospitalGuizhou, China
| | - Huan Yao
- Department of Emergency, Guizhou Provincial People’s HospitalGuizhou, China
| | - Xiang Qu
- Department of Emergency, Guizhou Provincial People’s HospitalGuizhou, China
| | - Wenqin Wang
- Department of Emergency, Guizhou Provincial People’s HospitalGuizhou, China
| | - Jinyong Tian
- Department of Emergency, Guizhou Provincial People’s HospitalGuizhou, China
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Öhrvik H, Aaseth J, Horn N. Orchestration of dynamic copper navigation – new and missing pieces. Metallomics 2017; 9:1204-1229. [DOI: 10.1039/c7mt00010c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A general principle in all cells in the body is that an essential metal – here copper – is taken up at the plasma membrane, directed through cellular compartments for use in specific enzymes and pathways, stored in specific scavenging molecules if in surplus, and finally expelled from the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Öhrvik
- Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology
- Uppsala University
- Sweden
| | - Jan Aaseth
- Innlandet Hospital Trust and Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences
- Norway
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42
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Abstract
Wilson disease (WD) is an inherited disorder mainly of hepatocellular copper disposition, due to dysfunction of the Wilson ATPase, a P1B-ATPase encoded by the gene ATP7B. In children, as in older age brackets, clinical disease is highly diverse. Although hepatic disease is the common presentation in children/adolescents, neurologic, psychiatric, and hematologic clinical presentations do occur. Very young children may have clinically evident liver disease due to WD. Early diagnosis, preferably when the child/adolescent is asymptomatic, is most likely to result in near-normal longevity with generally good health so long as the patient tolerates effective medication, is adherent to the lifelong treatment regimen, and has consistent access to the medication. Apart from a lively index of clinical suspicion on the part of physicians, biochemical tests including liver tests, serum ceruloplasmin, and basal 24-hour urinary copper excretion and genotype determination are key to diagnosis. Oral chelation treatment remains central to medical management, although zinc appears to be an attractive option for the presymptomatic child. Pediatric patients presenting with Wilsonian fulminant hepatic failure must be differentiated from those with decompensated cirrhosis, since the latter may respond to intensive medical interventions and not require liver transplantation. Recently identified WD-mimic disorders reveal important aspects of WD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eve A Roberts
- Departments of Paediatrics, Medicine and Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Piotr Socha
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutritional Disorders and Pediatrics, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
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Liu P, Jiang B, Ma J, Lin P, Zhang Y, Shao C, Sun W, Gong Y. S113R mutation in SLC33A1 leads to neurodegeneration and augmented BMP signaling in a mouse model. Dis Model Mech 2016; 10:53-62. [PMID: 27935820 PMCID: PMC5278525 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.026880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The S113R mutation (c.339T>G) (MIM #603690.0001) in SLC33A1 (MIM #603690), an ER membrane acetyl-CoA transporter, has been previously identified in individuals with hereditary spastic paraplegia type 42 (SPG42; MIM #612539). SLC33A1 has also been shown to inhibit the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathway in zebrafish. To better understand the function of SLC33A1, we generated and characterized Slc33a1S113R knock-in mice. Homozygous Slc33a1S113R mutant mice were embryonic lethal, whereas heterozygous Slc33a1 mutant mice (Slc33a1wt/mut) exhibited behavioral abnormalities and central neurodegeneration, which is consistent with hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) phenotypes. Importantly, we found an upregulation of BMP signaling in the nervous system and mouse embryonic fibroblasts of Slc33a1wt/mut mice. Using a sciatic nerve crush injury model in vivo and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) culture in vitro we showed that injury-induced axonal regeneration in Slc33a1wt/mut mice was accelerated and mediated by upregulated BMP signaling. Exogenous addition of BMP signaling antagonist, noggin, could efficiently alleviate the accelerated injury-induced axonal regrowth. These results indicate that SLC33A1 can negatively regulate BMP signaling in mice, further supporting the notion that upregulation of BMP signaling is a common mechanism of a subset of hereditary spastic paraplegias. Summary:Slc33a1wt/mut knock-in mice with a S113R mutation and exhibiting hereditary spastic paraplegia-related phenotypes show that SLC33A1 negatively regulates BMP signaling and axonal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingting Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Genetics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Baichun Jiang
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Genetics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Jian Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Genetics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Pengfei Lin
- Laboratory of Neuromuscular Disorders and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yinshuai Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Genetics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Changshun Shao
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Genetics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Wenjie Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Genetics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yaoqin Gong
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Genetics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
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Chiplunkar S, Bindu PS, Nagappa M, Bineesh C, Govindaraj P, Gayathri N, Bharath MMS, Arvinda HR, Mathuranath PS, Sinha S, Taly AB. Huppke-Brendel syndrome in a seven months old boy with a novel 2-bp deletion in SLC33A1. Metab Brain Dis 2016; 31:1195-8. [PMID: 27306358 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-016-9854-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Huppke -Brendel syndrome is a new addition to the evolving spectrum of copper metabolism defects. It is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by congenital cataract, impaired hearing, and developmental delay with low copper and ceruloplasmin. It is caused by defects in SLC33A1 that codes for acetyl CoA transporter protein. Reports on variation in this gene causing human disease is extremely scarce and the metabolic link between this gene and copper metabolism is yet to be identified. Here we report a seven months old infant with Huppke-Brendel Syndrome. In addition to the already reported features, he also had hypo pigmented hair and hypogonadism. His magnetic resonance imaging revealed hypo myelination and cerebellar hypoplasia. Clinical exome sequencing revealed a homozygous two base pair deletion, c.542_543delTG (p.Val181GlyfsTer6) in exon 1 of the SLC33A1. This report expands the phenotypic and genotypic spectrum of Huppke Brendel syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shwetha Chiplunkar
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
- Neuromuscular Lab-Neurobiology Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Parayil Sankaran Bindu
- Neuromuscular Lab-Neurobiology Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India.
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India.
| | - Madhu Nagappa
- Neuromuscular Lab-Neurobiology Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Cheminikara Bineesh
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Periyasamy Govindaraj
- Neuromuscular Lab-Neurobiology Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Narayanappa Gayathri
- Neuromuscular Lab-Neurobiology Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
- Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - M M Srinivas Bharath
- Neuromuscular Lab-Neurobiology Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Hanumanthapura R Arvinda
- Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Radiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Pavagada S Mathuranath
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Sanjib Sinha
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Arun B Taly
- Neuromuscular Lab-Neurobiology Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
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45
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46
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Hullinger R, Li M, Wang J, Peng Y, Dowell JA, Bomba-Warczak E, Mitchell HA, Burger C, Chapman ER, Denu JM, Li L, Puglielli L. Increased expression of AT-1/SLC33A1 causes an autistic-like phenotype in mice by affecting dendritic branching and spine formation. J Exp Med 2016; 213:1267-84. [PMID: 27242167 PMCID: PMC4925020 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20151776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The import of acetyl-CoA into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) by AT-1/SLC33A1 regulates Nε-lysine acetylation of ER-resident and -transiting proteins. Specifically, lysine acetylation within the ER appears to influence the efficiency of the secretory pathway by affecting ER-mediated quality control. Mutations or duplications in AT-1/SLC33A1 have been linked to diseases such as familial spastic paraplegia, developmental delay with premature death, and autism spectrum disorder with intellectual disability. In this study, we generated an AT-1 Tg mouse model that selectively overexpresses human AT-1 in neurons. These animals demonstrate cognitive deficits, autistic-like social behavior, aberrations in synaptic plasticity, an increased number of dendritic spines and branches, and widespread proteomic changes. We also found that AT-1 activity regulates acetyl-CoA flux, causing epigenetic modulation of the histone epitope H3K27 and mitochondrial adaptation. In conclusion, our results indicate that increased expression of AT-1 can cause an autistic-like phenotype by affecting key neuronal metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikki Hullinger
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705 Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Mi Li
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Jingxin Wang
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705 School of Pharmacy and Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Yajing Peng
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
| | - James A Dowell
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry and the Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Ewa Bomba-Warczak
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705 Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705 Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Heather A Mitchell
- Rodent Models Core, Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Corinna Burger
- Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Edwin R Chapman
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705 Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
| | - John M Denu
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry and the Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Lingjun Li
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Luigi Puglielli
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705 Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705 Geriatric Research Education Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Madison, WI 53705
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Mao F, Li Z, Zhao B, Lin P, Liu P, Zhai M, Liu Q, Shao C, Sun W, Gong Y. Identification and functional analysis of a SLC33A1: c.339T>G (p.Ser113Arg) variant in the original SPG42 family. Hum Mutat 2015; 36:240-9. [PMID: 25402622 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Using whole-exome sequencing, we surveyed all the potential pathogenic variants in an SPG42 family and found five SNPs and four indels that are shared by two patients and lie in the mapped region. Two variants, SLC33A1 p.Ser113Arg and VEPH1 p.Gln433His, cosegregated with the disease. However, VEPH1 p.Gln433His was predicted to be tolerated, thus leaving SLC33A1 p.Ser113Arg as the most plausible causal variant in this family. We found that the phosphorylated SMAD1/5/8 (P-SMAD1/5/8) and BMP receptor type 1A (BMPR1A) were substantially upregulated in fibroblasts derived from an SPG42 individual. Slc33a1 knockdown zebrafish, which exhibited defects in morphology and axon outgrowth, also showed a significant elevation in the level of P-smad1/5/8. While the phenotypes in slc33a1 knockdown zebrafish could be rescued by human wild-type SLC33A1 mRNA, this rescuing effect was diminished by coinjected mutant mRNA encoding p.Ser113Arg, indicating that p.Ser113Arg variant acts in a dominant-negative manner. Importantly, pharmacological blockade of BMPR1 activity by dorsomorphin could efficiently rescue the phenotypic defects in slc33a1 knockdown zebrafish. These results indicate that SLC33A1 can negatively regulate BMP signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Mao
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Genetics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
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48
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Li Y, Cagirici HB, Horpaopan S, Ott J, Imai A, Majewski J, Lathrop M. Leveling the Playing Field in Homozygosity Mapping Using Map Distances. Ann Hum Genet 2015; 79:366-372. [PMID: 26179257 DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- School of Statistics; Shanxi University of Finance and Economics; Taiyuan Shanxi China
| | - Halise Busra Cagirici
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering; Koc University; Sariyer Istanbul Turkey
| | - Sukanya Horpaopan
- Department of Anatomy; Faculty of Medical Science; Naresuan University; Phitsanulok 65000 Thailand
| | - Jurg Ott
- Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Psychology; Beijing China
- Laboratory of Statistical Genetics; Rockefeller University; NY USA
| | - Atsuko Imai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine; Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine; Osaka Japan
| | - Jacek Majewski
- McGill University and Genome Québec Innovation Centre; Montreal Canada
| | - Mark Lathrop
- McGill University and Genome Québec Innovation Centre; Montreal Canada
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49
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Abstract
The copper metabolism disorder Wilson's disease was first defined in 1912. Wilson's disease can present with hepatic and neurological deficits, including dystonia and parkinsonism. Early-onset presentations in infancy and late-onset manifestations in adults older than 70 years of age are now well recognised. Direct genetic testing for ATP7B mutations are increasingly available to confirm the clinical diagnosis of Wilson's disease, and results from biochemical and genetic prevalence studies suggest that Wilson's disease might be much more common than previously estimated. Early diagnosis of Wilson's disease is crucial to ensure that patients can be started on adequate treatment, but uncertainty remains about the best possible choice of medication. Furthermore, Wilson's disease needs to be differentiated from other conditions that also present clinically with hepatolenticular degeneration or share biochemical abnormalities with Wilson's disease, such as reduced serum ceruloplasmin concentrations. Disordered copper metabolism is also associated with other neurological conditions, including a subtype of axonal neuropathy due to ATP7A mutations and the late-onset neurodegenerative disorders Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Bandmann
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
| | - Karl Heinz Weiss
- University Hospital Heidelberg, Department of Internal Medicine IV, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephen G Kaler
- Section on Translational Neuroscience, Molecular Medicine Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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50
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Shiue I. Chronic diseases and life events accounted for 2-18 % population attributable risks for adult hearing loss: UK Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey, 2007. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2015; 273:93-103. [PMID: 25575844 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-015-3504-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Links between chronic diseases and hearing loss in adults have emerged. However, previous investigations were not complete, and the role of life events was unclear. Therefore, it was aimed to examine the relationships of common chronic diseases and life events and adult hearing loss in a country-wide and population-based study. Data were retrieved from UK Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey, 2007, being cross-sectional, including demographics, self-reported prior health conditions and hearing loss (ever and in the last 12 months), and several major life events. Analyses included Chi square test, t test, logistic regression model, and population attributable risk estimation. People who had prior health conditions including cancer, migraine, dementia, depression, cataracts, chronic bronchitis, allergy, bowel problem, bladder problem, arthritis, muscle problem or skin problem tended to report hearing loss than their counterparts. People who have experienced major life events including post-traumatic stress disorder, serious illness of close relatives, death of family, serious problems with friends, major financial crisis, valuables stolen, being bullied, violence at home, sexual abuse or running away from home were also more likely to experience ever hearing loss problem or that in the last 12 months. 2.0-13.1 % adult hearing loss could be delayed or prevented by managing chronic diseases while 4.1-18.1 % might be delayed or prevented by minimizing the negative effects of life events. Chronic diseases and life events were associated with hearing loss in adults. Better managing lifestyle to minimize detrimental impacts in future health and nursing programs would be suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivy Shiue
- School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and Society, Heriot-Watt University, Riccarton, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, Scotland, UK. .,Owens Institute for Behavioral Research, University of Georgia, Athens, USA.
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