1
|
Alhazmi N, Alaqla A, Almuzzaini B, Aldrees M, Alnaqa G, Almasoud F, Aldibasi O, Alshamlan H. What could be the role of genetic tests and machine learning of AXIN2 variant dominance in non-syndromic hypodontia? A case-control study in orthodontically treated patients. Prog Orthod 2024; 25:31. [PMID: 39183201 PMCID: PMC11345341 DOI: 10.1186/s40510-024-00532-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypodontia is the most prevalent dental anomaly in humans, and is primarily attributed to genetic factors. Although genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) associated with hypodontia, genetic risk assessment remains challenging due to population-specific SNP variants. Therefore, we aimed to conducted a genetic analysis and developed a machine-learning-based predictive model to examine the association between previously reported SNPs and hypodontia in the Saudi Arabian population. Our case-control study included 106 participants (aged 8-50 years; 64 females and 42 males), comprising 54 hypodontia cases and 52 controls. We utilized TaqManTM Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction and allelic genotyping to analyze three selected SNPs (AXIN2: rs2240308, PAX9: rs61754301, and MSX1: rs12532) in unstimulated whole saliva samples. The chi-square test, multinomial logistic regression, and machine-learning techniques were used to assess genetic risk by using odds ratios (ORs) for multiple target variables. RESULTS Multivariate logistic regression indicated a significant association between homozygous AXIN2 rs2240308 and the hypodontia phenotype (ORs [95% confidence interval] 2.893 [1.28-6.53]). Machine-learning algorithms revealed that the AXIN2 homozygous (A/A) genotype is a genetic risk factor for hypodontia of teeth #12, #22, and #35, whereas the AXIN2 homozygous (G/G) genotype increases the risk for hypodontia of teeth #22, #35, and #45. The PAX9 homozygous (C/C) genotype is associated with an increased risk for hypodontia of teeth #22 and #35. CONCLUSIONS Our study confirms a link between AXIN2 and hypodontia in Saudi orthodontic patients and suggests that combining machine-learning models with SNP analysis of saliva samples can effectively identify individuals with non-syndromic hypodontia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nora Alhazmi
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of the National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ali Alaqla
- Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of the National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bader Almuzzaini
- Department of Medical Genomics Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of the National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Aldrees
- Department of Medical Genomics Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of the National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghaida Alnaqa
- College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of the National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farah Almasoud
- College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of the National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Aldibasi
- Biostatistics Section, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry o the National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hala Alshamlan
- Department of Information Technology, College of Computer Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yu M, Qin K, Fan J, Zhao G, Zhao P, Zeng W, Chen C, Wang A, Wang Y, Zhong J, Zhu Y, Wagstaff W, Haydon RC, Luu HH, Ho S, Lee MJ, Strelzow J, Reid RR, He TC. The evolving roles of Wnt signaling in stem cell proliferation and differentiation, the development of human diseases, and therapeutic opportunities. Genes Dis 2024; 11:101026. [PMID: 38292186 PMCID: PMC10825312 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The evolutionarily conserved Wnt signaling pathway plays a central role in development and adult tissue homeostasis across species. Wnt proteins are secreted, lipid-modified signaling molecules that activate the canonical (β-catenin dependent) and non-canonical (β-catenin independent) Wnt signaling pathways. Cellular behaviors such as proliferation, differentiation, maturation, and proper body-axis specification are carried out by the canonical pathway, which is the best characterized of the known Wnt signaling paths. Wnt signaling has emerged as an important factor in stem cell biology and is known to affect the self-renewal of stem cells in various tissues. This includes but is not limited to embryonic, hematopoietic, mesenchymal, gut, neural, and epidermal stem cells. Wnt signaling has also been implicated in tumor cells that exhibit stem cell-like properties. Wnt signaling is crucial for bone formation and presents a potential target for the development of therapeutics for bone disorders. Not surprisingly, aberrant Wnt signaling is also associated with a wide variety of diseases, including cancer. Mutations of Wnt pathway members in cancer can lead to unchecked cell proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and metastasis. Altogether, advances in the understanding of dysregulated Wnt signaling in disease have paved the way for the development of novel therapeutics that target components of the Wnt pathway. Beginning with a brief overview of the mechanisms of canonical and non-canonical Wnt, this review aims to summarize the current knowledge of Wnt signaling in stem cells, aberrations to the Wnt pathway associated with diseases, and novel therapeutics targeting the Wnt pathway in preclinical and clinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Yu
- School of Medicine, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Kevin Qin
- School of Medicine, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jiaming Fan
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, The School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Guozhi Zhao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Piao Zhao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Wei Zeng
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Neurology, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523475, China
| | - Connie Chen
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Annie Wang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Yonghui Wang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Jiamin Zhong
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, The School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - William Wagstaff
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Rex C. Haydon
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Hue H. Luu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Sherwin Ho
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Michael J. Lee
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jason Strelzow
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Russell R. Reid
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Laboratory of Craniofacial Suture Biology and Development, Department of Surgery Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Tong-Chuan He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Laboratory of Craniofacial Suture Biology and Development, Department of Surgery Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu Y, Sun J, Zhang C, Wu Y, Ma S, Li X, Wu X, Gao Q. Compound heterozygous WNT10A missense variations exacerbated the tooth agenesis caused by hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:136. [PMID: 38280992 PMCID: PMC10822191 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-03888-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to analyse the differences in the phenotypes of missing teeth between a pair of brothers with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) and to investigate the underlying mechanism by comparing the mutated gene loci between the brothers with whole-exome sequencing. METHODS The clinical data of the patients and their mother were collected, and genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples. By Whole-exome sequencing filtered for a minor allele frequency (MAF) ≤0.05 non-synonymous single-nucleotide variations and insertions/deletions variations in genes previously associated with tooth agenesis, and variations considered as potentially pathogenic were assessed by SIFT, Polyphen-2, CADD and ACMG. Sanger sequencing was performed to detect gene variations. The secondary and tertiary structures of the mutated proteins were predicted by PsiPred 4.0 and AlphaFold 2. RESULTS Both brothers were clinically diagnosed with HED, but the younger brother had more teeth than the elder brother. An EDA variation (c.878 T > G) was identified in both brothers. Additionally, compound heterozygous variations of WNT10A (c.511C > T and c.637G > A) were identified in the elder brother. Digenic variations in EDA (c.878 T > G) and WNT10A (c.511C > T and c.637G > A) in the same patient have not been reported previously. The secondary structure of the variant WNT10A protein showed changes in the number and position of α-helices and β-folds compared to the wild-type protein. The tertiary structure of the WNT10A variant and molecular simulation docking showed that the site and direction where WNT10A binds to FZD5 was changed. CONCLUSIONS Compound heterozygous WNT10A missense variations may exacerbate the number of missing teeth in HED caused by EDA variation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Liu
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jing Sun
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Caiqi Zhang
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yi Wu
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Siyuan Ma
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xuechun Li
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiaoshan Wu
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
- Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
- Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
- Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Qingping Gao
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
- Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
- Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Semjid D, Ahn H, Bayarmagnai S, Gantumur M, Kim S, Lee JH. Identification of novel candidate genes associated with non-syndromic tooth agenesis in Mongolian families. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 28:56. [PMID: 38157055 PMCID: PMC10756872 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05415-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to identify genetic variants associated with non-syndromic tooth agenesis (TA) in nine families from Mongolia using whole-exome sequencing (WES) and bioinformatics analysis. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study enrolled 41 participants, including three inherited and six non-inherited families. WES analysis was performed on 14 saliva samples from individuals with non-syndromic TA. The potential candidate genes were identified through variant filtering and segregation analysis. The filtered variants were then analyzed in silico mutation impact analysis. RESULTS WES analysis identified 21 variants associated with TA, and 5 of these variants met all filtering criteria. These variants were located in the exome region of MAST4, ITGA6, PITX2, CACNA1S, and CDON genes. The variant in PITX2 was found in eight participants from inherited and non-inherited families, while the MAST4 variant was identified in 6 participants from inherited families. CONCLUSIONS The study identified various genetic variant candidates associated with TA in different family groups, with PITX2 being the most commonly identified. Our findings suggest that MAST4 may also be a novel candidate gene for TA due to its association with the Wnt signaling pathway. Additionally, we found that five candidate genes related to focal adhesion and calcium channel complex were significant and essential in tooth development. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Identifying new pathogenic genes associated with TA can improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the disease, leading to better diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. Early detection of TA based on biomarkers can improve dental management and facilitate orthodontic and prosthetic treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dejidnorov Semjid
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry at Yonsei University, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemoon-Gu, Seoul, 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunsoo Ahn
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 80 Jigok-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Sapaar Bayarmagnai
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Chingeltei District, Nuuriin 2-21, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Munkhjargal Gantumur
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Chingeltei District, Nuuriin 2-21, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Sanguk Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 80 Jigok-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, 790-784, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Hoon Lee
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry at Yonsei University, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemoon-Gu, Seoul, 120-752, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lan R, Wu Y, Dai Q, Wang F. Gene mutations and chromosomal abnormalities in syndromes with tooth agenesis. Oral Dis 2023; 29:2401-2408. [PMID: 36219525 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to review the pathogenic mechanisms and clinical manifestations in syndromes with tooth agenesis (TA). Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man and PubMed databases were searched for a comprehensive review. Previous publications reported complicated aetiologies of syndromic TA. Gene mutations in conserved signalling pathways (WNT, EDA, SHH, FGF, and TGF-β/BMP) and crucial molecules (PAX9, PIXT2, IRF6, the p53 family, and subunits of RNA polymerase III) are the main causes of syndromic TA. In the process of odontogenesis, antagonistic or synergistic interactions are demonstrated in patients and murine models. Mutations in some genes (WNT10A, WNT10B, AXIN2, ANTXR1, MSX1, EDA, EDAR, and EDARADD) can result in both syndromic and isolated TA. In addition, chromosomal anomalies are also responsible for syndromic TA (Down syndrome, Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome, Williams syndrome, and Pierre Robin sequence). The causes and manifestations of syndromic TA are highly complex, and this constitutes a clinical challenge. Mutations in signalling pathways and crucial molecules as well as chromosomal anomalies are responsible for syndromic TA. And there are overlaps between the causative genes of syndromic and isolated TA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Lan
- Department of Oral Implantology, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiqun Wu
- Department of Second Dental Center, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinggang Dai
- Department of Second Dental Center, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Oral Implantology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ren J, Gan S, Zheng S, Li M, An Y, Yuan S, Gu X, Zhang L, Hou Y, Du Q, Zhang G, Shen W. Genotype-phenotype pattern analysis of pathogenic PAX9 variants in Chinese Han families with non-syndromic oligodontia. Front Genet 2023; 14:1142776. [PMID: 37056289 PMCID: PMC10086135 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1142776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Non-syndromic oligodontia is characterized by the absence of six or more permanent teeth, excluding third molars, and can have aesthetic, masticatory, and psychological consequences. Previous studies have shown that PAX9 is associated with autosomal dominant forms of oligodontia but the precise molecular mechanisms are still unknown.Methods: Whole-exome and Sanger sequencing were performed on a cohort of approximately 28 probands with NSO, for mutation analysis. Bioinformatic analysis was performed on the potential variants. Immunofluorescence assay, western blotting, and qPCR were used to explore the preliminary functional impact of the variant PAX9 proteins. We reviewed PAX9-related NSO articles in PubMed to analyze the genotype-phenotype correlations.Results: We identified three novel PAX9 variants in Chinese Han families: c.152G>T (p.Gly51Val), c.239delC (p.Thr82Profs*3), and c.409C>T (q.Gln137Ter). In addition, two previously reported missense variants were identified: c.140G>C (p.Arg47Pro) and c.146C>T (p.Ser49Leu) (reference sequence NM_006194.4). Structural modeling revealed that all missense variants were located in the highly conserved paired domain. The other variants led to premature termination of the protein, causing structural impairment of the PAX9 protein. Immunofluorescence assay showed abnormal subcellular localizations of the missense variants (R47P, S49L, and G51V). In human dental pulp stem cells, western blotting and qPCR showed decreased expression of PAX9 variants (c.140G>C, p.R47P, and c.152G>T, p.G51V) compared with the wild-type group at both the transcription and translation levels. A review of published papers identified 64 PAX9 variants related to NSO and found that the most dominant feature was the high incidence of missing upper second molars, first molars, second premolars, and lower second molars.Conclusion: Three novel PAX9 variants were identified in Chinese Han families with NSO. These results extend the variant spectrum of PAX9 and provide a foundation for genetic diagnosis and counseling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiabao Ren
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Sifang Gan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | | | - Meikang Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yilin An
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shuo Yuan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiuge Gu
- Department of Orthodontics, Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yan Hou
- Department of Orthodontics, Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qingqing Du
- College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Guozhong Zhang
- College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wenjing Shen
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- *Correspondence: Wenjing Shen,
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Genetic/Protein Association of Atopic Dermatitis and Tooth Agenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065754. [PMID: 36982827 PMCID: PMC10055628 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis and abnormalities in tooth development (including hypomineralization, hypodontia and microdontia) have been observed to co-occur in some patients. A common pathogenesis pathway that involves genes and protein interactions has been hypothesized. This review aims to first provide a description of the key gene mutations and signaling pathways associated with atopic dermatitis and tooth agenesis (i.e., the absence of teeth due to developmental failure) and identify the possible association between the two diseases. Second, utilizing a list of genes most commonly associated with the two diseases, we conducted a protein–protein network interaction analysis using the STRING database and identified a novel association between the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway (major pathway responsible for TA) and desmosomal proteins (component of skin barrier that affect the pathogenesis of AD). Further investigation into the mechanisms that may drive their co-occurrence and underlie the development of the two diseases is warranted.
Collapse
|
8
|
Notch Signaling Pathway in Tooth Shape Variations throughout Evolution. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050761. [PMID: 36899896 PMCID: PMC10000876 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Evolutionary changes in vertebrates are linked to genetic alterations that often affect tooth crown shape, which is a criterion of speciation events. The Notch pathway is highly conserved between species and controls morphogenetic processes in most developing organs, including teeth. Epithelial loss of the Notch-ligand Jagged1 in developing mouse molars affects the location, size and interconnections of their cusps that lead to minor tooth crown shape modifications convergent to those observed along Muridae evolution. RNA sequencing analysis revealed that these alterations are due to the modulation of more than 2000 genes and that Notch signaling is a hub for significant morphogenetic networks, such as Wnts and Fibroblast Growth Factors. The modeling of these tooth crown changes in mutant mice, via a three-dimensional metamorphosis approach, allowed prediction of how Jagged1-associated mutations in humans could affect the morphology of their teeth. These results shed new light on Notch/Jagged1-mediated signaling as one of the crucial components for dental variations in evolution.
Collapse
|
9
|
Perkins RS, Singh R, Abell AN, Krum SA, Miranda-Carboni GA. The role of WNT10B in physiology and disease: A 10-year update. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1120365. [PMID: 36814601 PMCID: PMC9939717 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1120365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
WNT10B, a member of the WNT family of secreted glycoproteins, activates the WNT/β-catenin signaling cascade to control proliferation, stemness, pluripotency, and cell fate decisions. WNT10B plays roles in many tissues, including bone, adipocytes, skin, hair, muscle, placenta, and the immune system. Aberrant WNT10B signaling leads to several diseases, such as osteoporosis, obesity, split-hand/foot malformation (SHFM), fibrosis, dental anomalies, and cancer. We reviewed WNT10B a decade ago, and here we provide a comprehensive update to the field. Novel research on WNT10B has expanded to many more tissues and diseases. WNT10B polymorphisms and mutations correlate with many phenotypes, including bone mineral density, obesity, pig litter size, dog elbow dysplasia, and cow body size. In addition, the field has focused on the regulation of WNT10B using upstream mediators, such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). We also discussed the therapeutic implications of WNT10B regulation. In summary, research conducted during 2012-2022 revealed several new, diverse functions in the role of WNT10B in physiology and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel S. Perkins
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Rishika Singh
- College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Amy N. Abell
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Susan A. Krum
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States,Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Gustavo A. Miranda-Carboni
- Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States,Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States,*Correspondence: Gustavo A. Miranda-Carboni,
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yoshinaga K, Yasue A, Mitsui SN, Minegishi Y, Oyadomari S, Imoto I, Tanaka E. Effects of Wnt10a and Wnt10b Double Mutations on Tooth Development. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14020340. [PMID: 36833267 PMCID: PMC9957325 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
WNT molecules are the regulators of various biological functions, including body axis formation, organ development, and cell proliferation and differentiation. WNTs have been extensively studied as causative genes for an array of diseases. WNT10A and WNT10B, which are considered to be genes of the same origin, have been identified as causative genes for tooth deficiency in humans. However, the disrupted mutant of each gene does not show a decrease in teeth number. A negative feedback loop, interacting with several ligands based on a reaction-diffusion mechanism, was proposed to be important for the spatial patterning of tooth formation, and WNT ligands have been considered to play a pivotal role in controlling tooth patterning from mutant phenotypes of LDL receptor-related proteins (LRPs) and WNT co-receptors. The Wnt10a and Wnt10b double-mutants demonstrated severe root or enamel hypoplasia. In Wnt10a-/- and Wnt10a+/-;Wnt10b-/- mice, changes in the feedback loop may collapse the modulation of fusion or split a sequence of tooth formation. However, in the double-knockout mutant, a decrease in the number of teeth was observed, including the upper incisor or third molar in both jaws. These findings suggest that there may be a functional redundancy between Wnt10a and Wnt10b and that the interaction between the two genes functions in conjunction with other ligands to control the spatial patterning and development of teeth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaoru Yoshinaga
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yasue
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan
- Nakano-Cho niconicoKamKam Dental and Orthodontics, 1-31 Nakano-cho, Tokushima 770-0932, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-88-6337357; Fax: +81-88-6339139
| | - Silvia Naomi Mitsui
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Minegishi
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Advanced Enzyme Research, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Seiichi Oyadomari
- Division of Molecular Biology, Institute of Advanced Enzyme Research, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Issei Imoto
- Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, 1-1 Kanokoden Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8681, Japan
| | - Eiji Tanaka
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zheng J, Liu H, Yu M, Lin B, Sun K, Liu H, Feng H, Liu Y, Han D. BMPR2 Variants Underlie Nonsyndromic Oligodontia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021648. [PMID: 36675162 PMCID: PMC9860601 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Oligodontia manifests as a congenital reduction in the number of permanent teeth. Despite the major efforts that have been made, the genetic etiology of oligodontia remains largely unknown. Bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2 (BMPR2) variants have been associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, the genetic significance of BMPR2 in oligodontia has not been previously reported. In the present study, we identified a novel heterozygous variant (c.814C > T; p.Arg272Cys) of BMPR2 in a family with nonsyndromic oligodontia by performing whole-exome sequencing. In addition, we identified two additional heterozygous variants (c.1042G > A; p.Val348Ile and c.1429A > G; p.Lys477Glu) among a cohort of 130 unrelated individuals with nonsyndromic oligodontia by performing Sanger sequencing. Functional analysis demonstrated that the activities of phospho-SMAD1/5/8 were significantly inhibited in BMPR2-knockout 293T cells transfected with variant-expressing plasmids, and were significantly lower in BMPR2 heterozygosity simulation groups than in the wild-type group, indicating that haploinsufficiency may represent the genetic mechanism. RNAscope in situ hybridization revealed that BMPR2 transcripts were highly expressed in the dental papilla and adjacent inner enamel epithelium in mice tooth germs, suggesting that BMPR2 may play important roles in tooth development. Our findings broaden the genetic spectrum of oligodontia and provide clinical and genetic evidence supporting the importance of BMPR2 in nonsyndromic oligodontia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinglei Zheng
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Haochen Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Miao Yu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Bichen Lin
- Frist Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Kai Sun
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hangbo Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hailan Feng
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing 100081, China
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (D.H.)
| | - Dong Han
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing 100081, China
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (D.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhang H, Gong X, Xu X, Wang X, Sun Y. Tooth number abnormality: from bench to bedside. Int J Oral Sci 2023; 15:5. [PMID: 36604408 PMCID: PMC9816303 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-022-00208-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tooth number abnormality is one of the most common dental developmental diseases, which includes both tooth agenesis and supernumerary teeth. Tooth development is regulated by numerous developmental signals, such as the well-known Wnt, BMP, FGF, Shh and Eda pathways, which mediate the ongoing complex interactions between epithelium and mesenchyme. Abnormal expression of these crutial signalling during this process may eventually lead to the development of anomalies in tooth number; however, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. In this review, we summarized the major process of tooth development, the latest progress of mechanism studies and newly reported clinical investigations of tooth number abnormality. In addition, potential treatment approaches for tooth number abnormality based on developmental biology are also discussed. This review not only provides a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of tooth number abnormality in clinical practice but also facilitates the translation of basic research to the clinical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Implantology, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuyan Gong
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Implantology, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqiao Xu
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Implantology, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaogang Wang
- grid.64939.310000 0000 9999 1211Key Laboratory of Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Sun
- Department of Implantology, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
REN J, ZHAO Y, YUAN Y, ZHANG J, DING Y, LI M, AN Y, CHEN W, ZHANG L, LIU B, ZHENG S, SHEN W. Novel PAX9 compound heterozygous variants in a Chinese family with non-syndromic oligodontia and genotype-phenotype analysis of PAX9 variants. J Appl Oral Sci 2023; 31:e20220403. [PMID: 36995881 PMCID: PMC10065762 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2022-0403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Studies have reported that >91.9% of non-syndromic tooth agenesis cases are caused by seven pathogenic genes. To report novel heterozygous PAX9 variants in a Chinese family with non-syndromic oligodontia and summarize the reported genotype-phenotype relationship of PAX9 variants. METHODOLOGY We recruited 28 patients with non-syndromic oligodontia who were admitted to the Hospital of Stomatology Hebei Medical University (China) from 2018 to 2021. Peripheral blood was collected from the probands and their core family members for whole-exome sequencing (WES) and variants were verified by Sanger sequencing. Bioinformatics tools were used to predict the pathogenicity of the variants. SWISS-MODEL homology modeling was used to analyze the three-dimensional structural changes of variant proteins. We also analyzed the genotype-phenotype relationships of PAX9 variants. RESULTS We identified novel compound heterozygous PAX9 variants (reference sequence NM_001372076.1) in a Chinese family with non-syndromic oligodontia: a new missense variant c.1010C>A (p.T337K) in exon 4 and a new frameshift variant c.330_331insGT (p.D113Afs*9) in exon 2, which was identified as the pathogenic variant in this family. This discovery expands the known variant spectrum of PAX9; then, we summarized the phenotypes of non-syndromic oligodontia with PAX9 variants. CONCLUSION We found that PAX9 variants commonly lead to loss of the second molars.
Collapse
|
14
|
Sarkar T, Ranjan P, Kanathur S, Gupta A, Das P. An in vitro and computational validation of a novel loss-of-functional mutation in PAX9 associated with non-syndromic tooth agenesis. Mol Genet Genomics 2023; 298:183-199. [PMID: 36374296 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-022-01970-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Congenital tooth agenesis (CTA) is one of the most common craniofacial anomalies. Its frequency varies among different population depending upon the genetic heterogeneity. CTA could be of familial or sporadic and syndromic or non-syndromic. Five major genes are found to be associated with non-syndromic CTA, namely PAX9, MSX1, EDA1, AXIN2, and WNT10A. Very few studies have been carried out so far on CTA on this Indian population making this study unique and important. This study was initiated to identify potential pathogenic variant associated with congenital tooth agenesis in an India family with molar tooth agenesis. CTA was investigated and a novel c.336C > G variation was identified in the exon 3 of PAX9, leading to substitution of evolutionary conserved Cys with Trp at 112th amino acid position located at the functionally significant DNA-binding paired domain region. Functional analysis revealed that p.Cys112Trp mutation did not prevent the nuclear localization although mutant protein had higher cytoplasmic retention. EMSA using e5 probe revealed that mutant protein was unable to bind with the paired-domain-binding site. Subsequently, GST pull-down assay revealed lower binding activity of the mutant protein with its known interactor MSX1. These in vitro results were consistent with the computational results. The in vitro and computational observations altogether suggest that c.336C > G (p.Cys112Trp) variation leads to loss of function of PAX9 leading to CTA in this family.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanmoy Sarkar
- Centre for Genetic Disorders, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Uttar Pradesh, Varanasi, 221005, India.,Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, NCI-NIH, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Prashant Ranjan
- Centre for Genetic Disorders, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Uttar Pradesh, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Smitha Kanathur
- Department of Periodontology, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bangalore, India
| | - Ankush Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Uttar Pradesh, Varanasi, India
| | - Parimal Das
- Centre for Genetic Disorders, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Uttar Pradesh, Varanasi, 221005, India.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Genetic studies in humans and animal models have improved our understanding of the role of numerous genes in the etiology of nonsyndromic tooth agenesis (TA). The purpose of this review is to discuss recently identified genes potentially contributing to TA. RECENT FINDINGS Despite research progress, understanding the genetic factors underlying nonsyndromic TA has been challenging given the genetic heterogeneity, variable expressivity, and incomplete penetrance of putatively pathogenic variants often observed associated with the condition. Next-generation sequencing technologies have provided a platform for novel gene and variant discoveries and informed paradigm-shifting concepts in the etiology of TA. This review summarizes the current knowledge on genes and pathways related to nonsyndromic TA with a focus on recently identified genes/variants. Evidence suggesting possible multi-locus variation in TA is also presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ariadne Letra
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, and Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
A Novel CDH1 Variant Identified in a Chinese Family with Blepharocheilodontic Syndrome. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12122936. [PMID: 36552944 PMCID: PMC9777284 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12122936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of the current study was to identify the pathogenic gene variant in a Chinese family with Blepharocheilodontic (BCD) syndrome. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) and Sanger sequencing were used to identify the pathogenic gene variant. The harmfulness of the variant was predicted by bioinformatics. We identified a novel heterozygous missense variant c.1198G>A (p.Asp400Asn) in the CDH1 gene in the proband and his mother with BCD syndrome. The sequencing results of three healthy individuals in this family are wild type. This result is consistent with familial co-segregation. According to ReVe, REVEL, CADD, gnomAD, dbSNP, and the classification of pathogenic variants with the standards of the 2015 American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics and the Association for Molecular Pathology (ACMG), c.1198G>A (p.Asp400Asn) is predicted to be a likely pathogenic. We observed that variant c.1198G>A (p.Asp400Asn) was located in the extracellular cadherin-type repeats in CDH1. Amino acid sequence alignment of the CDH1 protein among multiple species showed that Asp400 was highly evolutionarily conserved. The conformational analysis showed that this variant might cause structural damage to the CDH1 protein. Phenotypic analysis revealed unique dental phenotypes in patients with BCD syndrome, such as oligodontia, conical-shaped teeth, and notching of the incisal edges. Our results broaden the variation spectrum of BCD syndrome and phenotype spectrum of CDH1, which can help with the clinical diagnosis, treatment, and genetic counseling in relation to BCD syndrome.
Collapse
|
17
|
KDF1 Novel Variant Causes Unique Dental and Oral Epithelial Defects. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012465. [PMID: 36293320 PMCID: PMC9604338 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Keratinocyte differentiation factor 1 (KDF1) is a recently identified and rare candidate gene for human tooth agenesis; however, KDF1-related morphological characteristics and pathological changes in dental tissue and the oral epithelium remain largely unknown. Here, we employed whole-exome sequencing (WES) and Sanger sequencing to screen for the suspected variants in a cohort of 151 tooth agenesis patients, and we segregated a novel KDF1 heterozygous missense variation, c.920G>C (p.R307P), in a non-syndromic tooth agenesis family. Essential bioinformatics analyses and tertiary structural predictions were performed to analyze the structural changes and functional impacts of the novel KDF1 variant. The subsequent functional assessment using a TOP-flash/FOP-flash luciferase reporter system demonstrated that KDF1 variants suppressed the activation of canonical Wnt signaling in 293T cells. To comprehensively investigate the KDF1-related oral morphological anomalies, we performed scanning electron microscopy and ground section of the lower right lateral deciduous incisor extracted from #285 proband, and histopathological assessment of the gingiva. The phenotypic analyses revealed a series of tooth morphological anomalies related to the KDF1 variant R307P, including a shovel-shaped lingual surface of incisors and cornicione-shaped marginal ridges with anomalous morphological occlusal grooves of premolars and molars. Notably, keratinized gingival epithelium abnormalities were revealed in the proband and characterized by epithelial dyskeratosis with residual nuclei, indistinct stratum granulosum, epithelial hyperproliferation, and impaired epithelial differentiation. Our findings revealed new developmental anomalies in the tooth and gingival epithelium of a non-syndromic tooth agenesis individual with a novel pathogenic KDF1 variant, broadening the phenotypic spectrum of KDF1-related disorders and providing new evidence for the crucial role of KDF1 in regulating human dental and oral epithelial development.
Collapse
|
18
|
Duan R, Hijazi H, Gulec EY, Eker HK, Costa SR, Sahin Y, Ocak Z, Isikay S, Ozalp O, Bozdogan S, Aslan H, Elcioglu N, Bertola DR, Gezdirici A, Du H, Fatih JM, Grochowski CM, Akay G, Jhangiani SN, Karaca E, Gu S, Coban-Akdemir Z, Posey JE, Bayram Y, Sutton VR, Carvalho CM, Pehlivan D, Gibbs RA, Lupski JR. Developmental genomics of limb malformations: Allelic series in association with gene dosage effects contribute to the clinical variability. HGG ADVANCES 2022; 3:100132. [PMID: 36035248 PMCID: PMC9403727 DOI: 10.1016/j.xhgg.2022.100132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic heterogeneity, reduced penetrance, and variable expressivity, the latter including asymmetric body axis plane presentations, have all been described in families with congenital limb malformations (CLMs). Interfamilial and intrafamilial heterogeneity highlight the complexity of the underlying genetic pathogenesis of these developmental anomalies. Family-based genomics by exome sequencing (ES) and rare variant analyses combined with whole-genome array-based comparative genomic hybridization were implemented to investigate 18 families with limb birth defects. Eleven of 18 (61%) families revealed explanatory variants, including 7 single-nucleotide variant alleles and 3 copy number variants (CNVs), at previously reported "disease trait associated loci": BHLHA9, GLI3, HOXD cluster, HOXD13, NPR2, and WNT10B. Breakpoint junction analyses for all three CNV alleles revealed mutational signatures consistent with microhomology-mediated break-induced replication, a mechanism facilitated by Alu/Alu-mediated rearrangement. Homozygous duplication of BHLHA9 was observed in one Turkish kindred and represents a novel contributory genetic mechanism to Gollop-Wolfgang Complex (MIM: 228250), where triplication of the locus has been reported in one family from Japan (i.e., 4n = 2n + 2n versus 4n = 3n + 1n allelic configurations). Genes acting on limb patterning are sensitive to a gene dosage effect and are often associated with an allelic series. We extend an allele-specific gene dosage model to potentially assist, in an adjuvant way, interpretations of interconnections among an allelic series, clinical severity, and reduced penetrance of the BHLHA9-related CLM spectrum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhi Duan
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hadia Hijazi
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Elif Yilmaz Gulec
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Silvia R. Costa
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, Institute of Bioscience, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Yavuz Sahin
- Medical Genetics, Genoks Genetics Center, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Ocak
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sedat Isikay
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Ozge Ozalp
- Department of Medical Genetics, Adana City Training and Research Hospital, Adana, Turkey
| | - Sevcan Bozdogan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Huseyin Aslan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Adana City Training and Research Hospital, Adana, Turkey
| | - Nursel Elcioglu
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Eastern Mediterranean University Medical School, Magosa, 10 Mersin, Turkey
| | - Débora R. Bertola
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, Institute of Bioscience, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Genetics Unit, Instituto da Criança do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alper Gezdirici
- Department of Medical Genetics, Basaksehir Cam and Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Haowei Du
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jawid M. Fatih
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Gulsen Akay
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Baylor-Hopkins Center for Mendelian Genomics
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Medical Genetics, Konya City Hospital, Konya, Turkey
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, Institute of Bioscience, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Medical Genetics, Genoks Genetics Center, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
- Department of Medical Genetics, Adana City Training and Research Hospital, Adana, Turkey
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Eastern Mediterranean University Medical School, Magosa, 10 Mersin, Turkey
- Genetics Unit, Instituto da Criança do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Medical Genetics, Basaksehir Cam and Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Section of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Neuroscience, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Ender Karaca
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shen Gu
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zeynep Coban-Akdemir
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jennifer E. Posey
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yavuz Bayram
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - V. Reid Sutton
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Claudia M.B. Carvalho
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Davut Pehlivan
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Section of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Neuroscience, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Richard A. Gibbs
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - James R. Lupski
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Luo ZJ, Li H, Yang L, Kang B, Cai T. Exome sequencing revealed USP9X and COL2A1 mutations in a large family with multiple epiphyseal dysplasia. Bone 2022; 163:116508. [PMID: 35907616 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2022.116508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Diagnosis of rare skeletal diseases is based primarily on clinical phenotype and radiographic analysis. Genetic etiology of these heterogeneous diseases remains largely unknown. Here, we report the identification of two genomic mutations using exome sequencing from patients with multiple epiphyseal dysplasia (MED) of an unusual family in autosomal dominant and X-linked inheritance. A dominant mutation (c.2224G > A; p.Gly687Ser) in the known causal COL2A1 gene was identified in three patients with MED, deformed femoral heads and vertebral dysplasia. Furthermore, a hemizygous mutation (c.2830G > A; p.Ala944Thr) in the USP9X gene was identified in the fourth patient with short stature, MED, deformed femoral head, thoracic and lumbar platyspondyly, right ankle condyle dysplasia, and subchondral sclerosis. This is the first identification of an X-linked candidate causative gene in a patient with MED, suggesting a new clinical entity. Our findings shed a new light on the role of USP9X in MED-associated disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo-Jing Luo
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hongzhuo Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Heping Hospital Attached to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | | | - Tao Cai
- Experimental Medicine Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lee Y, Chae W, Kim YJ, Kim JW. Novel LRP6 Mutations Causing Non-Syndromic Oligodontia. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12091401. [PMID: 36143186 PMCID: PMC9504909 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12091401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The process of tooth formation is a series of reciprocal interactions between the ectoderm and mesoderm, and it is believed that many genetic factors are involved in this complex process. More than a dozen genes have been identified in non-syndromic tooth agenesis; however, the genetic etiology underlying tooth agenesis is not fully understood yet. In this study, we identified two novel LRP6 mutations in two non-syndromic oligodontia families. Both probands had 16 and 17 missing teeth in their permanent dentition. Mutational analysis identified a de novo frameshift mutation by a 1-bp insertion in exon 9 (NM_002336.2: c.1870dupA, p.(Met624Asnfs*29)) and a splicing donor site mutation in intron 8 (c.1762+2T>C). An in vitro splicing assay confirmed the deletion of exon 8, and the deletion would result in a frameshift. Due to the premature termination codons introduced by the frameshift, both mutant transcripts would be degraded by nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, resulting in haploinsufficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yejin Lee
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & DRI, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Wonseon Chae
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & DRI, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Youn Jung Kim
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & DRI, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Jung-Wook Kim
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & DRI, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Department of Molecular Genetics & DRI, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
PRKG1 mutation identified by whole-exome sequencing: a potential genetic etiology for He-Zhao deficiency. JOURNAL OF BIO-X RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1097/jbr.0000000000000128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
22
|
Vlashi R, Zhang X, Wu M, Chen G. Wnt signaling: essential roles in osteoblast differentiation, bone metabolism and therapeutic implications for bone and skeletal disorders. Genes Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
|
23
|
Liu H, Liu H, Su L, Zheng J, Feng H, Liu Y, Yu M, Han D. Four Novel PAX9 Variants and the PAX9-Related Non-Syndromic Tooth Agenesis Patterns. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158142. [PMID: 35897718 PMCID: PMC9331840 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to investigate and identify PAX9 gene variants in four Chinese families with non-syndromic tooth agenesis. We identified pathogenic gene variants by whole-exome sequencing (WES) and Sanger sequencing and then studied the effects of these variants on function by bioinformatics analysis and in vitro experiments. Four novel PAX9 heterozygous variants were identified: two missense variants (c.191G > T (p.G64V) and c.350T > G (p.V117G)) and two frameshift variants (c.352delC (p.S119Pfs*2) and c.648_649insC(p.Y217Lfs*100)). The bioinformatics analysis showed that these variants might be pathogenic. The tertiary structure analysis showed that these four variants could cause structural damage to PAX9 proteins. In vitro functional studies demonstrated that (1) the p.Y217Lfs*100 variant greatly affects mRNA stability, thereby affecting endogenous expression; (2) the p. S119Pfs* 2 variant impairs the subcellular localization of the nuclear expression of the wild-type PAX9 protein; and (3) the four variants (p.G64V, p.V117G, p.S119Pfs*2, and p.Y217Lfs*100) all significantly affect the downstream transcriptional activity of the BMP4 gene. In addition, we summarized and analyzed tooth missing positions caused by PAX9 variants and found that the maxillary second molar (84.11%) and mandibular second molar (84.11%) were the most affected tooth positions by summarizing and analyzing the PAX9-related non-syndromic tooth agenesis positions. Our results broaden the variant spectrum of the PAX9 gene related to non-syndromic tooth agenesis and provide useful information for future genetic counseling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Miao Yu
- Correspondence: (M.Y.); (D.H.); Fax: +86-10-8210-5259 (M.Y.); +86-10-6217-3402 (D.H.)
| | - Dong Han
- Correspondence: (M.Y.); (D.H.); Fax: +86-10-8210-5259 (M.Y.); +86-10-6217-3402 (D.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Cai T, Huang J, Ma X, Hu S, Zhu L, Zhu J, Feng Z. Case Report: Identification of Two Variants of ALG13 in Families With or Without Seizure and Binocular Strabismus: Phenotypic Spectrum Analysis. Front Genet 2022; 13:892940. [PMID: 35899201 PMCID: PMC9310169 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.892940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Genetic causes in most affected children with intellectual disability and/or development delay remain unknown. Methods: To identify potential variants responsible for these disorders, we recruited 161 affected families and performed whole-exome sequencing and associated bioinformatics analysis. Results: In the present study, we report the identification of variants in the ALG13 gene in two of the families. In family 1, a known pathogenic missense variant (c.23T > C; p.V8A) of ALG13 was identified in a boy and his mother. In family 2, a novel missense variant (c.862C > G; p.L288V) of the same gene was identified in the affected boy and his phenotypically normal mother. Genotype-phenotype correlation analysis by comparing reported 28 different variants (HGMD) showed that three major phenotypes, including various seizures/epilepsy, intellectual disability, and development delay (such as growth, speech, motor, etc.), are present in most affected individuals. However, other phenotypes, such as strabismus and absence of seizure in our second patient, are not reported if any, which may represent a unique case of X-linked recessive nonsyndromic disorder caused by a mutation in ALG13. Conclusion: We identified two missense variants in ALG13 in a cohort of 161 families with affected individuals diagnosed as intellectual disability and/or development delay. A novel c.862C > G mutation may represent a case of X-linked recessive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Cai
- Senior Department of Pediatrics, the Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China,Experimental Medicine Section, National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, Bethesda, MD, United States,*Correspondence: Tao Cai, ; Zhichun Feng,
| | - Jieting Huang
- Senior Department of Pediatrics, the Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Organ Failure, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuwei Ma
- Senior Department of Pediatrics, the Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Siqi Hu
- Senior Department of Pediatrics, the Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China,The National Engineering Laboratory for Birth Defects Prevention and Control of Key Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Lina Zhu
- Senior Department of Pediatrics, the Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jinwen Zhu
- Angen Gene Medicine Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhichun Feng
- Senior Department of Pediatrics, the Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Organ Failure, Beijing, China,The National Engineering Laboratory for Birth Defects Prevention and Control of Key Technology, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Tao Cai, ; Zhichun Feng,
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Dufour W, Alawbathani S, Jourdain AS, Asif M, Baujat G, Becker C, Budde B, Gallacher L, Georgomanolis T, Ghoumid J, Höhne W, Lyonnet S, Ba-Saddik IA, Manouvrier-Hanu S, Motameny S, Noegel AA, Pais L, Vanlerberghe C, Wagle P, White SM, Willems M, Nürnberg P, Escande F, Petit F, Hussain MS. Monoallelic and biallelic variants in LEF1 are associated with a new syndrome combining ectodermal dysplasia and limb malformations caused by altered WNT signaling. Genet Med 2022; 24:1708-1721. [PMID: 35583550 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2022.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE LEF1 encodes a transcription factor acting downstream of the WNT-β-catenin signaling pathway. It was recently suspected as a candidate for ectodermal dysplasia in 2 individuals carrying 4q35 microdeletions. We report on 12 individuals harboring LEF1 variants. METHODS High-throughput sequencing was employed to delineate the genetic underpinnings of the disease. Cellular consequences were characterized by immunofluorescence, immunoblotting, pulldown assays, and/or RNA sequencing. RESULTS Monoallelic variants in LEF1 were detected in 11 affected individuals from 4 unrelated families, and a biallelic variant was detected in an affected individual from a consanguineous family. The phenotypic spectrum includes various limb malformations, such as radial ray defects, polydactyly or split hand/foot, and ectodermal dysplasia. Depending on the type and location of LEF1 variants, the inheritance of this novel Mendelian condition can be either autosomal dominant or recessive. Our functional data indicate that 2 molecular mechanisms are at play: haploinsufficiency or loss of DNA binding are responsible for a mild to moderate phenotype, whereas loss of β-catenin binding caused by biallelic variants is associated with a severe phenotype. Transcriptomic studies reveal an alteration of WNT signaling. CONCLUSION Our findings establish mono- and biallelic variants in LEF1 as a cause for a novel syndrome comprising limb malformations and ectodermal dysplasia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William Dufour
- University of Lille, EA7364 RADEME, Lille, France; CHU Lille, Clinique de génétique Guy Fontaine, Lille, France
| | - Salem Alawbathani
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anne-Sophie Jourdain
- University of Lille, EA7364 RADEME, Lille, France; CHU Lille, Institut de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Lille, France
| | - Maria Asif
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Geneviève Baujat
- Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Service de génétique, CHU Paris, Paris, France
| | - Christian Becker
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Birgit Budde
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lyndon Gallacher
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Theodoros Georgomanolis
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jamal Ghoumid
- University of Lille, EA7364 RADEME, Lille, France; CHU Lille, Clinique de génétique Guy Fontaine, Lille, France
| | - Wolfgang Höhne
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stanislas Lyonnet
- Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Service de génétique, CHU Paris, Paris, France
| | - Iman Ali Ba-Saddik
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Aden, Aden, Yemen
| | - Sylvie Manouvrier-Hanu
- University of Lille, EA7364 RADEME, Lille, France; CHU Lille, Clinique de génétique Guy Fontaine, Lille, France
| | - Susanne Motameny
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Angelika A Noegel
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lynn Pais
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
| | - Clémence Vanlerberghe
- University of Lille, EA7364 RADEME, Lille, France; CHU Lille, Clinique de génétique Guy Fontaine, Lille, France
| | - Prerana Wagle
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Susan M White
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marjolaine Willems
- Service de génétique, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Peter Nürnberg
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Fabienne Escande
- University of Lille, EA7364 RADEME, Lille, France; CHU Lille, Institut de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Lille, France
| | - Florence Petit
- University of Lille, EA7364 RADEME, Lille, France; CHU Lille, Clinique de génétique Guy Fontaine, Lille, France.
| | - Muhammad Sajid Hussain
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Kurosaka H, Itoh S, Morita C, Tsujimoto T, Murata Y, Inubushi T, Yamashiro T. Development of dentition: From initiation to occlusion and related diseases. J Oral Biosci 2022; 64:159-164. [DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2022.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
27
|
Martínez-Gil N, Ugartondo N, Grinberg D, Balcells S. Wnt Pathway Extracellular Components and Their Essential Roles in Bone Homeostasis. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13010138. [PMID: 35052478 PMCID: PMC8775112 DOI: 10.3390/genes13010138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt pathway is involved in several processes essential for bone development and homeostasis. For proper functioning, the Wnt pathway is tightly regulated by numerous extracellular elements that act by both activating and inhibiting the pathway at different moments. This review aims to describe, summarize and update the findings regarding the extracellular modulators of the Wnt pathway, including co-receptors, ligands and inhibitors, in relation to bone homeostasis, with an emphasis on the animal models generated, the diseases associated with each gene and the bone processes in which each member is involved. The precise knowledge of all these elements will help us to identify possible targets that can be used as a therapeutic target for the treatment of bone diseases such as osteoporosis.
Collapse
|
28
|
Said NM, Yassin F, Elkreem EA. Wnt10a missense gene polymorphism association with obesity risk: List of literature and a case-control study with Roc analysis for serum β-catenin level in Egypt. GENE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
29
|
Developmental Defects of the Teeth and Their Hard Tissues. Pediatr Dent 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-78003-6_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
30
|
Li Y, Xiong J, Zhang Y, Xu L, Liu J, Cai T. Case Report: Exome Sequencing Identified Variants in Three Candidate Genes From Two Families With Hearing Loss, Onychodystrophy, and Epilepsy. Front Genet 2021; 12:728020. [PMID: 34912366 PMCID: PMC8667665 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.728020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A cohort of 542 individuals in 166 families with congenital hearing loss was recruited for whole-exome sequencing analysis. Here, we report the identification of three variants in five affected individuals in two unrelated families. In family 1, a nonsense mutation (c.1516C>T, p.R506*) in the ATP6V1B2 gene, a known causal allele for dominant deafness-onychodystrophy (DDOD), was identified in the mother and son with DDOD. However, a novel heterozygous variant (c.1590T>G, p.D530E) in TJP2, a known causal gene for hearing-loss, was also detected in the patients. In family 2, the same mutation (c.1516C>T, p.R506*) of ATP6V1B2 was detected from the father and daughter with DDOD. Furthermore, a novel heterozygous variant (c.733A>G, p.M245V) in the KIF11 gene was identified from the spouse with sensorineural hearing-loss and epilepsy. Notably, genotype-phenotype analysis of KIF11-associated disorders revealed that the p.M245V and two reported hearing-loss-associated variants (p.S235C and p.H244Y) are all mapped to a single β-sheet (Ser235∼M245) in the kinesin motor domain. Together, this is the first demonstration that ATP6V1B2-caused DDOD is an autosomal dominant genetic disease, compared to previous cases with de novo mutation. Our findings expand the variant spectrum of hearing-loss-associated genes and provide new insights on understanding of hearing-loss candidate genes ATP6V1B2, TJP2, and KIF11.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jianjun Xiong
- College of Basic Medical Science, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, China.,Angen Gene Medicine Technology, Beijing, China.,Experimental Medicine Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Yi Zhang
- Angen Gene Medicine Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Xu
- College of Basic Medical Science, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, China
| | - Jianyun Liu
- College of Basic Medical Science, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, China
| | - Tao Cai
- Experimental Medicine Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Hermans F, Hemeryck L, Lambrichts I, Bronckaers A, Vankelecom H. Intertwined Signaling Pathways Governing Tooth Development: A Give-and-Take Between Canonical Wnt and Shh. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:758203. [PMID: 34778267 PMCID: PMC8586510 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.758203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Teeth play essential roles in life. Their development relies on reciprocal interactions between the ectoderm-derived dental epithelium and the underlying neural crest-originated mesenchyme. This odontogenic process serves as a prototype model for the development of ectodermal appendages. In the mouse, developing teeth go through distinct morphological phases that are tightly controlled by epithelial signaling centers. Crucial molecular regulators of odontogenesis include the evolutionarily conserved Wnt, BMP, FGF and sonic hedgehog (Shh) pathways. These signaling modules do not act on their own, but are closely intertwined during tooth development, thereby outlining the path to be taken by specific cell populations including the resident dental stem cells. Recently, pivotal Wnt-Shh interaction and feedback loops have been uncovered during odontogenesis, showing conservation in other developing ectodermal appendages. This review provides an integrated overview of the interplay between canonical Wnt and Shh throughout mouse tooth formation stages, extending from the initiation of dental placode to the fully formed adult tooth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Hermans
- Laboratory of Tissue Plasticity in Health and Disease, Cluster of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Development and Regeneration, Leuven Stem Cell Institute, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Leuven, Belgium.,Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Department of Cardio and Organ Systems, UHasselt-Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Lara Hemeryck
- Laboratory of Tissue Plasticity in Health and Disease, Cluster of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Development and Regeneration, Leuven Stem Cell Institute, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ivo Lambrichts
- Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Department of Cardio and Organ Systems, UHasselt-Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Annelies Bronckaers
- Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Department of Cardio and Organ Systems, UHasselt-Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Hugo Vankelecom
- Laboratory of Tissue Plasticity in Health and Disease, Cluster of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Development and Regeneration, Leuven Stem Cell Institute, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Analyses of oligodontia phenotypes and genetic etiologies. Int J Oral Sci 2021; 13:32. [PMID: 34593752 PMCID: PMC8484616 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-021-00135-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Oligodontia is the congenital absence of six or more teeth and comprises the more severe forms of tooth agenesis. Many genes have been implicated in the etiology of tooth agenesis, which is highly variable in its clinical presentation. The purpose of this study was to identify associations between genetic mutations and clinical features of oligodontia patients. An online systematic search of papers published from January 1992 to June 2021 identified 381 oligodontia cases meeting the eligibility criteria of causative gene mutation, phenotype description, and radiographic records. Additionally, ten families with oligodontia were recruited and their genetic etiologies were determined by whole-exome sequence analyses. We identified a novel mutation in WNT10A (c.99_105dup) and eight previously reported mutations in WNT10A (c.433 G > A; c.682 T > A; c.318 C > G; c.511.C > T; c.321 C > A), EDAR (c.581 C > T), and LRP6 (c.1003 C > T, c.2747 G > T). Collectively, 20 different causative genes were implicated among those 393 cases with oligodontia. For each causative gene, the mean number of missing teeth per case and the frequency of teeth missing at each position were calculated. Genotype-phenotype correlation analysis indicated that molars agenesis is more likely linked to PAX9 mutations, mandibular first premolar agenesis is least associated with PAX9 mutations. Mandibular incisors and maxillary lateral incisor agenesis are most closely linked to EDA mutations.
Collapse
|
33
|
Boer CG, Hatzikotoulas K, Southam L, Stefánsdóttir L, Zhang Y, Coutinho de Almeida R, Wu TT, Zheng J, Hartley A, Teder-Laving M, Skogholt AH, Terao C, Zengini E, Alexiadis G, Barysenka A, Bjornsdottir G, Gabrielsen ME, Gilly A, Ingvarsson T, Johnsen MB, Jonsson H, Kloppenburg M, Luetge A, Lund SH, Mägi R, Mangino M, Nelissen RRGHH, Shivakumar M, Steinberg J, Takuwa H, Thomas LF, Tuerlings M, Babis GC, Cheung JPY, Kang JH, Kraft P, Lietman SA, Samartzis D, Slagboom PE, Stefansson K, Thorsteinsdottir U, Tobias JH, Uitterlinden AG, Winsvold B, Zwart JA, Davey Smith G, Sham PC, Thorleifsson G, Gaunt TR, Morris AP, Valdes AM, Tsezou A, Cheah KSE, Ikegawa S, Hveem K, Esko T, Wilkinson JM, Meulenbelt I, Lee MTM, van Meurs JBJ, Styrkársdóttir U, Zeggini E. Deciphering osteoarthritis genetics across 826,690 individuals from 9 populations. Cell 2021; 184:4784-4818.e17. [PMID: 34450027 PMCID: PMC8459317 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis affects over 300 million people worldwide. Here, we conduct a genome-wide association study meta-analysis across 826,690 individuals (177,517 with osteoarthritis) and identify 100 independently associated risk variants across 11 osteoarthritis phenotypes, 52 of which have not been associated with the disease before. We report thumb and spine osteoarthritis risk variants and identify differences in genetic effects between weight-bearing and non-weight-bearing joints. We identify sex-specific and early age-at-onset osteoarthritis risk loci. We integrate functional genomics data from primary patient tissues (including articular cartilage, subchondral bone, and osteophytic cartilage) and identify high-confidence effector genes. We provide evidence for genetic correlation with phenotypes related to pain, the main disease symptom, and identify likely causal genes linked to neuronal processes. Our results provide insights into key molecular players in disease processes and highlight attractive drug targets to accelerate translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cindy G Boer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Medical Center, 3015CN Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Konstantinos Hatzikotoulas
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lorraine Southam
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | - Yanfei Zhang
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA 17822, USA
| | - Rodrigo Coutinho de Almeida
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section Molecular Epidemiology, Postzone S05-P Leiden University Medical Center, 2333ZC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Tian T Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - April Hartley
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK; Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Translation Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Southmead Hospital, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK
| | - Maris Teder-Laving
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, 51010 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Anne Heidi Skogholt
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Chikashi Terao
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Eleni Zengini
- 4(th) Psychiatric Department, Dromokaiteio Psychiatric Hospital, 12461 Athens, Greece
| | - George Alexiadis
- 1(st) Department of Orthopaedics, KAT General Hospital, 14561 Athens, Greece
| | - Andrei Barysenka
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | - Maiken E Gabrielsen
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Arthur Gilly
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Thorvaldur Ingvarsson
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Akureyri Hospital, 600 Akureyri, Iceland
| | - Marianne B Johnsen
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway; Research and Communication Unit for Musculoskeletal Health (FORMI), Department of Research, Innovation and Education, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Helgi Jonsson
- Department of Medicine, Landspitali The National University Hospital of Iceland, 108 Reykjavik, Iceland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Margreet Kloppenburg
- Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 9600, 23OORC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Almut Luetge
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, 51010 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Massimo Mangino
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, Kings College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Rob R G H H Nelissen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Leiden University Medical Center, 9600, 23OORC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Manu Shivakumar
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Julia Steinberg
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, NSW 1340, Australia
| | - Hiroshi Takuwa
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shimane University, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| | - Laurent F Thomas
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; BioCore-Bioinformatics Core Facility, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; Clinic of Laboratory Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Margo Tuerlings
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section Molecular Epidemiology, Postzone S05-P Leiden University Medical Center, 2333ZC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - George C Babis
- 2(nd) Department of Orthopaedics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Nea Ionia General Hospital Konstantopouleio, 14233 Athens, Greece
| | - Jason Pui Yin Cheung
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jae Hee Kang
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Peter Kraft
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Steven A Lietman
- Musculoskeletal Institute, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA 17822, USA
| | - Dino Samartzis
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - P Eline Slagboom
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section Molecular Epidemiology, Postzone S05-P Leiden University Medical Center, 2333ZC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen Inc., 102 Reykjavik, Iceland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen Inc., 102 Reykjavik, Iceland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Jonathan H Tobias
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Translation Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Southmead Hospital, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Medical Center, 3015CN Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bendik Winsvold
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; Department of Research, Innovation and Education, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - John-Anker Zwart
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; Department of Research, Innovation and Education, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, Norway
| | - George Davey Smith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Pak Chung Sham
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Tom R Gaunt
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Andrew P Morris
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics Versus Arthritis, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9LJ, UK
| | - Ana M Valdes
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Aspasia Tsezou
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa 411 10, Greece
| | - Kathryn S E Cheah
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shiro Ikegawa
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Kristian Hveem
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; HUNT Research Center, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7600 Levanger, Norway
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, 51010 Tartu, Estonia
| | - J Mark Wilkinson
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism and Healthy Lifespan Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
| | - Ingrid Meulenbelt
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section Molecular Epidemiology, Postzone S05-P Leiden University Medical Center, 2333ZC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ming Ta Michael Lee
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA 17822, USA; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, 115 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Joyce B J van Meurs
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Medical Center, 3015CN Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Eleftheria Zeggini
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich and Klinikum Rechts der Isar, 81675 Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Nottmeier C, Liao N, Simon A, Decker MG, Luther J, Schweizer M, Yorgan T, Kaucka M, Bockamp E, Kahl-Nieke B, Amling M, Schinke T, Petersen J, Koehne T. Wnt1 Promotes Cementum and Alveolar Bone Growth in a Time-Dependent Manner. J Dent Res 2021; 100:1501-1509. [PMID: 34009051 PMCID: PMC8649456 DOI: 10.1177/00220345211012386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway plays a central role in the biology
of the periodontium, yet the function of specific extracellular WNT
ligands remains poorly understood. By using a
Wnt1-inducible transgenic mouse model targeting
Col1a1-expressing alveolar osteoblasts,
odontoblasts, and cementoblasts, we demonstrate that the WNT ligand
WNT1 is a strong promoter of cementum and alveolar bone formation in
vivo. We induced Wnt1 expression for 1, 3, or 9 wk in
Wnt1Tg mice and analyzed them at the age of 6 wk and 12 wk.
Micro–computed tomography (CT) analyses of the mandibles revealed a
1.8-fold increased bone volume after 1 and 3 wk of
Wnt1 expression and a 3-fold increased bone
volume after 9 wk of Wnt1 expression compared to
controls. In addition, the alveolar ridges were higher in Wnt1Tg mice
as compared to controls. Nondecalcified histology demonstrated
increased acellular cementum thickness and cellular cementum volume
after 3 and 9 wk of Wnt1 expression. However, 9 wk of
Wnt1 expression was also associated with
periodontal breakdown and ectopic mineralization of the pulp. The
composition of this ectopic matrix was comparable to those of cellular
cementum as demonstrated by quantitative backscattered electron
imaging and immunohistochemistry for noncollagenous proteins. Our
analyses of 52-wk-old mice after 9 wk of Wnt1
expression revealed that Wnt1 expression affects
mandibular bone and growing incisors but not molar teeth, indicating
that Wnt1 influences only growing tissues. To further
investigate the effect of Wnt1 on cementoblasts, we
stably transfected the cementoblast cell line (OCCM-30) with a vector
expressing Wnt1-HA and performed proliferation as
well as differentiation experiments. These experiments demonstrated
that Wnt1 promotes proliferation but not
differentiation of cementoblasts. Taken together, our findings
identify, for the first time, Wnt1 as a critical
regulator of alveolar bone and cementum formation, as well as provide
important insights for harnessing the WNT signal pathway in
regenerative dentistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Nottmeier
- Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Orthodontics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - N Liao
- Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - A Simon
- Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - M G Decker
- Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - J Luther
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Schweizer
- ZMNH, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - T Yorgan
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Kaucka
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
| | - E Bockamp
- Institute for Translational Immunology and Research Center for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - B Kahl-Nieke
- Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Amling
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - T Schinke
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - J Petersen
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - T Koehne
- Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Orthodontics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Zhang H, Kong X, Ren J, Yuan S, Liu C, Hou Y, Liu Y, Meng L, Zhang G, Du Q, Shen W. A novel EDAR missense mutation identified by whole-exome sequencing with non-syndromic tooth agenesis in a Chinese family. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2021; 9:e1684. [PMID: 33943035 PMCID: PMC8222839 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Causative variants in genes of the EDA/EDAR/NF‐κB pathway, such as EDA and EDARADD, have been widely identified in patients with non‐syndromic tooth agenesis (NSTA). However, few cases of NSTA are due to ectodysplasin‐A receptor (EDAR) variants. In this study, we investigated NSTA‐associated variants in Chinese families. Methods Peripheral blood samples were collected from the family members of 24 individuals with NSTA for DNA extraction. The coding region of the EDA gene of the 24 probands was amplified by PCR and sequenced to investigate new variants. Whole‐exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing were then performed for probands without EDA variants detected by PCR. Results A novel missense variant EDAR c.338G>A (p.(Cys113Tyr)) was identified in one family. In addition, three known EDA variants (c.865C>T, c.866G>A, and c.1013C>T) were identified in three families. Genotype–phenotype correlation analysis of EDAR gene mutation showed that NSTA patients were most likely to lose the maxillary lateral incisors and the maxillary central incisors were the least affected. The phenotype of mutations at codon 289 of EDA in NSTA affected patients was characterized by lateral incisors loss, rarely affecting the maxillary first molars. Conclusion A novel EDAR missense variant c.338G>A (p.(Cys113Tyr)) was identified in a family with NSTA, extending the mutation spectrum of the EDAR gene. Genotype–phenotype correlation analyses of EDAR and EDA mutations could help to improve disease status prediction in NSTA families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Xuanting Kong
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Jiabao Ren
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Shuo Yuan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Yan Hou
- Department of Orthodontics, Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Ye Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Lingqiang Meng
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Guozhong Zhang
- College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Qingqing Du
- College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Wenjing Shen
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Bonczek O, Krejci P, Izakovicova-Holla L, Cernochova P, Kiss I, Vojtesek B. Tooth agenesis: What do we know and is there a connection to cancer? Clin Genet 2021; 99:493-502. [PMID: 33249565 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Like all developmental processes, odontogenesis is highly complex and dynamically regulated, with hundreds of genes co-expressed in reciprocal networks. Tooth agenesis (missing one or more/all teeth) is a common human craniofacial anomaly and may be caused by genetic variations and/or environmental factors. Variants in PAX9, MSX1, AXIN2, EDA, EDAR, and WNT10A genes are associated with tooth agenesis. Currently, variants in ATF1, DUSP10, CASC8, IRF6, KDF1, GREM2, LTBP3, and components and regulators of WNT signaling WNT10B, LRP6, DKK, and KREMEN1 are at the forefront of interest. Due to the interconnectedness of the signaling pathways of carcinogenesis and odontogenesis, tooth agenesis could be a suitable marker for early detection of cancer predisposition. Variants in genes associated with tooth agenesis could serve as prognostic or therapeutic targets in cancer. This review aims to summarize existing knowledge of development and clinical genetics of teeth. Concurrently, the review proposes possible approaches for future research in this area, with particular attention to roles in monitoring, early diagnosis and therapy of tumors associated with defective tooth development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Bonczek
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Premysl Krejci
- Institute of Dentistry and Oral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lydie Izakovicova-Holla
- Department of Stomatology, Institution shared with St. Anne's University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavlina Cernochova
- Department of Stomatology, Institution shared with St. Anne's University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Igor Kiss
- Clinic of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Borivoj Vojtesek
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Wu ZL, Xie QQ, Liu TC, Yang X, Zhang GZ, Zhang HH. Role of the Wnt pathway in the formation, development, and degeneration of intervertebral discs. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 220:153366. [PMID: 33647863 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is an age-related degenerative disease that is the main cause of low back pain. It seriously affects the quality of life of patients and places a heavy economic burden on families and society. The Wnt pathway plays an important role in the growth, development, and degeneration of intervertebral discs (IVDs). In the embryonic stage, the Wnt pathway participates in the growth and development of IVD by promoting the transformation of progenitor cells into notochord cells and the extension of the notochord. However, the activation of the Wnt pathway after birth promotes IVD cell senescence, apoptosis, and degradation of the extracellular matrix and induces the production of inflammatory factors, thereby accelerating the IVDD process. This article reviews the relationship between the Wnt pathway and IVD, emphasizing its influence on IVD growth, development, and degeneration. Targeting this pathway may become an effective strategy for the treatment of IVDD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zuo-Long Wu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China; Department of Orthopaedics, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics Disease of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Qi-Qi Xie
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China; Department of Orthopaedics, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics Disease of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Tai-Cong Liu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China; Department of Orthopaedics, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics Disease of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Xing Yang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China; Department of Orthopaedics, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics Disease of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Guang-Zhi Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China; Department of Orthopaedics, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics Disease of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Hai-Hong Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China; Department of Orthopaedics, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics Disease of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Williams M, Zeng Y, Chiquet B, Jacob H, Kurtis Kasper F, Harrington DA, English J, Akyalcin S, Letra A. Functional characterization of ATF1, GREM2 AND WNT10B variants associated with tooth agenesis. Orthod Craniofac Res 2020; 24:486-493. [PMID: 33369218 DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the functional effects of ATF1, WNT10B and GREM2 gene variants identified in individuals with tooth agenesis (TA). SETTINGS AND SAMPLE POPULATION Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) were used as an in vitro model system to test the effect of TA-associated variants. MATERIALS AND METHODS Plasmid constructs containing reference and mutant alleles for ATF1 rs11169552, WNT10B rs833843 and GREM2 rs1414655 variants were transfected into SHED for functional characterization of variants. Allele-specific changes in gene transcription activity, protein expression, cell migration and proliferation, and expression of additional tooth development genes (MSX1, PAX9 and AXIN2) were evaluated. Data analyses were performed using Student's t-test. P-values ≤ .05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS Mutant variants resulted in significantly decreased transcriptional activity of respective genes (P < 0.05), although no changes in protein localization were noted. Expression of MSX1 was significantly decreased in ATF1- and GREM2-mutant cells, whereas PAX9 or AXIN2 mRNA expression was not significantly altered. Mutant WNT10B had no significant effect on the expression of additional TA genes. ATF1- and GREM2-mutant cells presented increased cell migration. Cell proliferation was also affected with all three mutant alleles. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that ATF1, WNT10B and GREM2 mutant alleles have modulatory effects on gene/protein function that may contribute to TA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meredith Williams
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yu Zeng
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA.,Center for Craniofacial Research, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Brett Chiquet
- Center for Craniofacial Research, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA.,Pediatric Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Helder Jacob
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fred Kurtis Kasper
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA.,Center for Craniofacial Research, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daniel A Harrington
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA.,Center for Craniofacial Research, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jeryl English
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sercan Akyalcin
- Department of Orthodontics, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ariadne Letra
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA.,Center for Craniofacial Research, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA.,Pediatric Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Yu M, Fan Z, Wong SW, Sun K, Zhang L, Liu H, Feng H, Liu Y, Han D. Lrp6 Dynamic Expression in Tooth Development and Mutations in Oligodontia. J Dent Res 2020; 100:415-422. [PMID: 33164649 DOI: 10.1177/0022034520970459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Genes associated with the WNT pathway play an important role in the etiology of tooth agenesis. Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 encoding gene (LRP6) is a recently defined gene that is associated with autosomal dominant inherited tooth agenesis. Here, we aimed to identify novel LRP6 mutations in patients with tooth agenesis and investigate the significance of Lrp6 during tooth development. Using whole-exome sequencing, we identified 4 novel LRP6 heterozygous mutations (c.2292G>A, c.195dup, c.1095dup, and c.1681C>T) in 4 of 77 oligodontia patients. Notably, a patient who carried a nonsense LRP6 mutation (c.2292G>A; p.W764*) presented a hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia phenotype. Preliminary functional studies, including bioinformatics analysis and TOP-/FOP-flash reporter assays, demonstrated that the activation of WNT/β-catenin signaling was compromised as a consequence of LRP6 mutations. RNAscope in situ hybridization revealed dynamic and special changes of Lrp6 expression during murine tooth development from E11.5 to E16.5. It was noteworthy that Lrp6 was specifically expressed in the epithelium at E11.5 to E13.5 but was expressed in both dental epithelium and dental papilla from E14.5 and persisted in both tissues at later stages. Our study broadens the mutation spectrum of human tooth agenesis and is the first to identify a LRP6 mutation in patients with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia and reveal the dynamic expression pattern of Lrp6 during tooth development. Information from this study is conducive to understanding the functional significance of Lrp6 on the biological process of tooth development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Yu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology and Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Z Fan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology and Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - S W Wong
- Division of Comprehensive Oral Care-Periodontology, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - K Sun
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology and Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - L Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology and Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - H Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology and Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - H Feng
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology and Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Y Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology and Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - D Han
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology and Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Sun K, Yu M, Yeh I, Zhang L, Liu H, Cai T, Feng H, Liu Y, Han D. Functional study of novel PAX9 variants: The paired domain and non-syndromic oligodontia. Oral Dis 2020; 27:1468-1477. [PMID: 33078491 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate pathogenic variants of the paired box 9 (PAX9) gene in patients with non-syndromic oligodontia, and the functional impact of these variants. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Whole exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing were utilized to detect gene variants in a cohort of 80 patients diagnosed with non-syndromic oligodontia. Bioinformatic and conformational analyses, fluorescence microscopy and luciferase reporter assay were employed to explore the functional impact. RESULTS We identified three novel variants in the PAX9, including two frameshift variants (c.211_212insA; p.I71Nfs*246 and c.236_237insAC; p.T80Lfs*6), and one missense variant (c.229C > G; p.R77G). Familial co-segregation verified an autosomal-dominant inheritance pattern. Conformational analyses revealed that the variants resided in the paired domain, and could cause corresponding structural impairment of the PAX9 protein. Fluorescence microscopy showed abnormal subcellular localizations of frameshift variants, and luciferase assay showed impaired downstream transactivation activities of the bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) gene in all variants. CONCLUSIONS Our findings broaden the spectrum of PAX9 variants in patients with non-syndromic oligodontia and support that paired domain structural impairment and the dominant-negative effect are likely the underlying mechanisms of PAX9-related non-syndromic oligodontia. Our findings will facilitate genetic diagnosis and counselling, and help lay the foundation for precise oral health therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Sun
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology and National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases and National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology and Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Miao Yu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology and National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases and National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology and Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Iting Yeh
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology and National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases and National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology and Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Liutao Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology and National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases and National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology and Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Haochen Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology and National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases and National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology and Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Cai
- Experimental Medicine Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Laboratory of Biochemistry and Genetics, NIDDK/NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Hailan Feng
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology and National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases and National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology and Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology and National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases and National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology and Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Han
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology and National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases and National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology and Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Gu M, Yu X, Fan L, Zhu G, Yang F, Lou S, Ma L, Pan Y, Wang L. Genetic Variants in miRNAs Are Associated With Risk of Non-syndromic Tooth Agenesis. Front Physiol 2020; 11:1052. [PMID: 32973563 PMCID: PMC7472694 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.01052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-syndromic tooth agenesis (NSTA) is one of the most common dental abnormalities. MiRNAs participated in the craniofacial and tooth development. Therefore, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in miRNA genes may contribute to the susceptibility of non-syndromic tooth agenesis. Here, a total of 625 non-syndromic tooth agenesis cases and 1,144 healthy controls were recruited, and four miRNA SNPs (miR-146a/rs2910164, miR-196a2/rs11614913, pre-miR-605/rs2043556, pre-miR-618/rs2682818) were genotyped by the TaqMan platform. Rs2043556 showed nominal associations with risk of non-syndromic tooth agenesis (P Add = 0.021) in the overall analysis, as well as upper lateral incisor agenesis (P Add = 0.047) and lower incisor agenesis (P Add = 0.049) in the subgroup analysis. Notably, its significant association with upper canine agenesis was observed (P Add = 0.0016). Rs2043556 affected the mature of miR-605-3p and miR-605-5p while dual-luciferase report analysis indicated that MDM2 was the binding target of miR-605-5p. Our study indicated that pre-miR-605 rs2043556 was associated with risk of non-syndromic tooth agenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Dentistry, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liwen Fan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guirong Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shu Lou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lan Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongchu Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Zhang L, Yu M, Wong S, Qu H, Cai T, Liu Y, Liu H, Fan Z, Zheng J, Zhou Y, Feng H, Han D. Comparative analysis of rare
EDAR
mutations and tooth agenesis pattern in
EDAR
‐ and
EDA
‐associated nonsyndromic oligodontia. Hum Mutat 2020; 41:1957-1966. [DOI: 10.1002/humu.24104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liutao Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology Beijing China
| | - Miao Yu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology Beijing China
| | - Sing‐Wai Wong
- Division of Comprehensive Oral Health, Periodontology Program, Adams School of Dentistry University of North Carolina Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
| | - Hong Qu
- Center for Bioinformatics, State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, College of Life Sciences Peking University Beijing China
| | - Tao Cai
- Experimental Medicine Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland USA
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology Beijing China
| | - Haochen Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology Beijing China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Fan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology Beijing China
| | - Jinglei Zheng
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology Beijing China
| | - Yongsheng Zhou
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology Beijing China
| | - Hailan Feng
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology Beijing China
| | - Dong Han
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology Beijing China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Wang H, Liu Y, Zheng Y, Zhao X, Lin S, Zhang Q, Zhang X. A novel missense mutation of LRP6 identified by whole-exome sequencing in a Chinese family with non-syndromic tooth agenesis. Orthod Craniofac Res 2020; 24:233-240. [PMID: 32844563 DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore the genetic basis of non-syndromic tooth agenesis (TA) in a Chinese family of five individuals using whole-exome sequencing (WES) analysis. SETTINGS AND SAMPLE POPULATION Five participants/Family-based study of a non-syndromic TA proband. METHODS The proband, proband's mother and grandmother displayed congenital tooth deficiency. Genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood or saliva samples of the proband, her parents and her grandmother, and WES was utilized to identify the causal genetic mutation. The identified mutation was further verified by Sanger sequencing and analysed using bioinformatics tools. RESULTS A novel missense mutation, c.G711T (p.L237F), was identified in the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6) gene in all affected individuals. Bioinformatics analysis predicted the mutation to be deleterious, with the mutant LRP6 protein displaying a tertiary structural change that might disturb the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway. CONCLUSIONS The identification of the mutation in the LRP6 gene and autosomal dominant inheritance with TA in the generations is consistent with the mutation being responsible for TA in the family, and furthers the association of LRP6 with nonsyndromic TA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Wang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yafei Zheng
- University Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Guidance Center, Tianjin Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoxue Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shiyi Lin
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Bilal M, Hayat A, Umair M, Ullah A, Khawaja S, Malik E, Burmeister M, Bibi N, Umm-E-Kalsoom, Memon MI, Basit S, Ahmad W, Khan B. Sequence Variants in the WNT10B and TP63 Genes Underlying Isolated Split-Hand/Split-Foot Malformation. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2020; 24:600-607. [PMID: 32762550 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2020.0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: Split-hand/split-foot malformation (SHFM) is a developmental and congenital limb malformation characterized by variable degrees of medial clefting or absence of one or more digits in hands and/or feet. The aim of this study was to identify the underlying cause of three consanguineous Pakistani families showing various types of SHFM-related features. Materials and Methods: Standard molecular methods, including whole-genome sequencing (WGS), whole-exome sequencing (WES), microsatellite markers-based genotyping, and Sanger sequencing were performed to search for the likely causative variants. Results: In family A, WES revealed a novel homozygous missense variant [c.338G>A, p.(Gly113Asp)] in the WNT10B gene. In family B, microsatellite-based genotyping followed by Sanger sequencing revealed a novel homozygous 13 base pairs deletion [c.884-896delTCCAGCCCCGTCT, p.(Phe295Cysfs*87)] in the same gene. In family C, WGS divulged a previously reported heterozygous missense variant [c.956G>A, p.(Arg319His)] in the TP63 gene. Conclusions: Mapping and sequencing genes and variants for severe skeletal disorders, such as SHRM, will facilitate establishing specific genotype-phenotype correlations and providing genetic counseling for the families suffering from such conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Bilal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Amir Hayat
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Umair
- Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmat Ullah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Department of Molecular Biology, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Sundus Khawaja
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
| | - Erum Malik
- Department of Biochemistry, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur, Pakistan
| | - Margit Burmeister
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Nousheen Bibi
- Department of Bioinformatics, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Umm-E-Kalsoom
- Department of Biochemistry, Hazara University Mansehra, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Iqbal Memon
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, PIMS, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sulman Basit
- Center for Genetics and Inherited Diseases, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wasim Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Mumtaz S, Nalbant G, Yıldız Bölükbaşı E, Huma Z, Ahmad N, Tolun A, Malik S. Novel EDAR mutation in tooth agenesis and variable associated features. Eur J Med Genet 2020; 63:103926. [PMID: 32325225 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2020.103926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tooth agenesis (TA) is the developmental absence of one or more permanent teeth. We report on 10 members of a Pakistani family afflicted with TA with variable associated features inherited in autosomal dominant fashion with full penetrance. The malformation is bilateral in the majority of cases, and hallmark feature is the absence of lateral and central incisors and canines whereas first and second premolars are involved less often. Affected individuals also have pronounced variable features associated with TA such as diastema between central incisors, overgrown labial frenum, peg-shaped lower incisors, delayed exfoliation, over-erupted upper incisors and malocclusion but have no other signs of ectodermal dysplasia. Through linkage analysis coupled with exome sequencing, we identified novel nonsense variant EDAR c.1302G>A, p.(Trp434*). The variant is deduced to create a premature termination codon that leads to the deletion of the 15 C-terminal residues. Heterozygous EDAR variants most commonly cause hypohydrotic ectodermal dysplasia, but recently one nonsense and 10 missense variants have been reported in nonsyndromic TA, some with few mild features of hypohydrotic ectodermal dysplasia. The phenotype in the family we present, the largest with EDAR-related TA reported to date, is highly variable and without any signs of ectodermal dysplasia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Mumtaz
- Human Genetics Program, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, 46000, Pakistan
| | - Gökhan Nalbant
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, Istanbul, 34758, Turkey
| | - Esra Yıldız Bölükbaşı
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Boğaziçi University, Istanbul, 34342, Turkey
| | - Zele Huma
- Human Genetics Program, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Nafees Ahmad
- Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering, Islamabad, 44090, Pakistan
| | - Aslıhan Tolun
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Boğaziçi University, Istanbul, 34342, Turkey; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, 34467, Turkey.
| | - Sajid Malik
- Human Genetics Program, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Huang D, Ren J, Li R, Guan C, Feng Z, Bao B, Wang W, Zhou C. Tooth Regeneration: Insights from Tooth Development and Spatial-Temporal Control of Bioactive Drug Release. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2020; 16:41-55. [PMID: 31834583 PMCID: PMC6987083 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-019-09940-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Tooth defect and tooth loss are common clinical diseases in stomatology. Compared with the traditional oral restoration treatment, tooth regeneration has unique advantages and is currently the focus of oral biomedical research. It is known that dozens of cytokines/growth factors and other bioactive factors are expressed in a spatial-temporal pattern during tooth development. On the other hand, the technology for spatial-temporal control of drug release has been intensively studied and well developed recently, making control release of these bioactive factors mimicking spatial-temporal pattern more feasible than ever for the purpose of tooth regeneration. This article reviews the research progress on the tooth development and discusses the future of tooth regeneration in the context of spatial-temporal release of developmental factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Delan Huang
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianhan Ren
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Runze Li
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenyu Guan
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhicai Feng
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baicheng Bao
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weicai Wang
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Zhou
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Khan A, Wang R, Han S, Umair M, Alshabeeb MA, Ansar M, Ahmad W, Alaamery M, Zhang X. A Novel Homozygous Nonsense Mutation p.Cys366* in the WNT10B Gene Underlying Split-Hand/Split Foot Malformation in a Consanguineous Pakistani Family. Front Pediatr 2020; 7:526. [PMID: 31998667 PMCID: PMC6970189 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2019.00526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Split hand/split foot malformation (SHFM) or ectrodactyly is characterized by a deep median cleft of the hand or foot, hypoplasia or aplasia of the metacarpals, metatarsals, and phalanges. It is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of limb malformations. This study aimed to identify the pathogenic variant in a consanguineous Pakistani family with autosomal recessive SHFM. Peripheral blood samples were obtained, DNA was extracted, WNT10B coding and noncoding regions were PCR amplified and Sanger sequencing was performed using workflow suggested by Thermo Fisher Scientific. A novel homozygous nonsense variant (c.1098C>A; p.Cys366*) was identified in the WNT10B gene in the index patients, which probably explains SHFM type 6 in this family in comparison with similar data from the literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amjad Khan
- McKusick-Zhang Center for Genetic Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Developmental Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rongrong Wang
- McKusick-Zhang Center for Genetic Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shirui Han
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Muhammad Umair
- Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Science, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad A. Alshabeeb
- Developmental Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Ansar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Wasim Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Manal Alaamery
- Developmental Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xue Zhang
- McKusick-Zhang Center for Genetic Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Yang L, Liang J, Yue H, Bian Z. Two novel mutations in MSX1 causing oligodontia. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227287. [PMID: 31914153 PMCID: PMC6948825 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Tooth agenesis is one of the most common developmental anomalies in humans and can affect dental occlusion and speech pronunciation. Research has identified an association between mutations in MSX1, PAX9, EDA, AXIN2, WNT10A, WNT10B and LRP6 and human tooth agenesis. Two unrelated individuals with non-syndromic tooth agenesis and their families were enrolled in this study. Using Sanger sequencing of the candidate genes, we identified two novel mutations: a missense mutation c.572 T>C and a frameshift mutation c.590_594 dup TGTCC, which were both detected in the homeodomain of MSX1. After identifying the mutations, structural modeling and bioinformatics analysis were used to predict the resulting conformational changes in the MSX1 homeodomain. Combined with 3D-structural analysis of other MSX1 mutations, we propose that there is a correlation between the observed phenotypes and alterations in hydrogen bond formation, thereby potentially affecting protein binding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Le Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jia Liang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Haitang Yue
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zhuan Bian
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Yu M, Wang H, Fan Z, Xie C, Liu H, Liu Y, Han D, Wong SW, Feng H. BMP4 mutations in tooth agenesis and low bone mass. Arch Oral Biol 2019; 103:40-46. [PMID: 31128441 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify an uncommon genetic cause of tooth agenesis (TA) by utilizing whole exome sequencing (WES) and targeted Sanger sequencing in a cohort of 120 patients with isolated TA. DESIGN One deleterious mutation in the gene encoding bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) was identified in 6 unrelated patients with TA by WES. After that, the coding exons of BMP4 were examined in 114 TA patients using Sanger sequencing. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) was used to measure the bone mineral density of patients who carried a BMP4 mutation. Finally, preliminary functional studies of two BMP4 mutants were performed. RESULTS We detected 3 novel missense mutations (c.58 G > A: p.Gly20Ser, c.326 G > T: p.Arg109Leu and c.614 T > C: p.Val205Ala) and 1 reported mutation in the BMP4 gene among 120 TA probands. The previously reported BMP4 mutation (c.751C > T: p.His251Tyr) was associated with urethra and eye anomalies. By extending the pedigrees, we determined that the tooth phenotypes had an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern, as individuals carrying a BMP4 mutation exhibit different types of dental anomalies. Interestingly, we observed that patients harboring a BMP4 mutation manifested early onset osteopenia or osteoporosis. Further in vitro functional assays demonstrated that two BMP4 mutants resulted in a decreased activation of Smad signaling. Therefore, a loss-of-function in BMP4 may contribute to the clinical phenotypes seen in this study. CONCLUSIONS We identified 4 mutations in the BMP4 gene in 120 TA patients. To our knowledge, this is the first study to describe human skeletal diseases associated with BMP4 mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Fan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, China
| | - Chencheng Xie
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sanford Medical School, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, 57105, USA
| | - Haochen Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, China.
| | - Dong Han
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, China.
| | - Sing-Wai Wong
- Department of Periodontology, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
| | - Hailan Feng
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Brunelle P, Jourdain AS, Escande F, Martinovic J, Dupont J, Busa T, Moncla A, Frénois F, Stichelbout M, Manouvrier-Hanu S, Petit F. WNT10B variants in split hand/foot malformation: Report of three novel families and review of the literature. Am J Med Genet A 2019; 179:1351-1356. [PMID: 31050392 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Split-hand/foot malformation (SHFM) is a genetically heterogeneous congenital limb malformation typically limited to a defect of the central rays of the autopod, presenting as a median cleft of hands and feet. It can be associated with long bone deficiency or included in more complex syndromes. Among the numerous genetic causes, WNT10B homozygous variants have been recently identified in consanguineous families, but remain still rarely described (SHFM6; MIM225300). We report on three novel SHFM families harboring WNT10B variants and review the literature, allowing us to highlight some clinical findings. The feet are more severely affected than the hands and there is a frequent asymmetry without obvious side-bias. Syndactyly of third-fourth fingers was a frequent finding (62%). Polydactyly, which was classically described in SHFM6, was only present in 27% of patients. No genotype-phenotype correlation is delineated but heterozygous individuals might have mild features of SHFM, suggesting a dose-effect of the WNT10B loss-of-function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Perrine Brunelle
- Clinique de Génétique Guy Fontaine, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Jourdain
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Centre de Biologie Pathologie, CHU Lille, Lille, France.,EA7364-RADEME, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Fabienne Escande
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Centre de Biologie Pathologie, CHU Lille, Lille, France.,EA7364-RADEME, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Jelena Martinovic
- Unité de Foetopathologie, AP-HP, Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Clamart, France.,INSERM U1169, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Juliette Dupont
- Serviço de Genética Departamento da Criança e da Família, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Tiffany Busa
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Département de Génétique, AP-HM CHU Timone Enfants, Marseille, France
| | - Anne Moncla
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Département de Génétique, AP-HM CHU Timone Enfants, Marseille, France
| | | | | | - Sylvie Manouvrier-Hanu
- Clinique de Génétique Guy Fontaine, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, CHU Lille, Lille, France.,EA7364-RADEME, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Florence Petit
- Clinique de Génétique Guy Fontaine, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, CHU Lille, Lille, France.,EA7364-RADEME, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| |
Collapse
|