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Dal N, Bilici S. An Overview of the Potential Role of Nutrition in Mental Disorders in the Light of Advances in Nutripsychiatry. Curr Nutr Rep 2024; 13:69-81. [PMID: 38329691 PMCID: PMC11133159 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-024-00520-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW As research on the potential impact of nutrition on mental disorders, a significant component of global disability continues to grow the concepts of "nutritional psychiatry, psycho-dietetics/nutripsychiatry" have taken their place in the literature. This review is a comprehensive examination of the literature on the the potential mechanisms between common mental disorders and nutrition and evaluates the effectiveness of dietary interventions. RECENT FINDINGS Inflammation, oxidative stress, intestinal microbiota, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neural plasticity are shown as potential mechanisms in the relationship between mental disorders and nutrition. As a matter of fact, neurotrophic factors, which make important contributions to repair mechanisms throughout life, and neuronal plasticity, which plays a role in mental disorders, are affected by nutritional factors. In metabolism, the antioxidant defense system works with nutritional cofactors and phytochemicals. A balanced, planned diet that provides these components is more likely to provide nutrients that increase resilience against the pathogenesis of mental disorders. Nutrition can be considered a risk factor for mental disorders. Therefore, developing public health strategies focused on improving diet may help reduce the global burden of mental disorders and other related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nursel Dal
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, Balikesir, Turkey.
| | - Saniye Bilici
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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2
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Walaszek M, Kachlik Z, Cubała WJ. Low-carbohydrate diet as a nutritional intervention in a major depression disorder: focus on relapse prevention. Nutr Neurosci 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38245881 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2024.2303218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Objectives: Mood disorders are trending to be among the leading causes of years lived with disability. Despite multiple treatment options, around 30% patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) develop treatment resistant depression (TRD) and fail to respond to current pharmacological therapies. This study aimed to explore the potential benefits of nutritional treatment strategies, along with their molecular mechanisms of action, focusing especially on low-carbohydrate diet (LCHD), ketogenic diet (KD) and other strategies based on carbohydrates intake reduction.Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted to determine the impact of LCHD on alleviating depressive symptoms in patients with MDD, along with an explanation of its mode of action.Results: The study revealed significant impact of nutritional interventions based on restriction in carbohydrate intake such as LCHD, KD or sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) exclusion on anxiety or depression symptoms reduction, mood improvement and lower risk of cognitive impairment or depression. The efficacy of these approaches is further substantiated by their underlying molecular mechanisms, mainly brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) which is a potential key target of sugar restriction diets in terms of neuroplasticity.Discussion: Healthcare professionals may consider implementing LCHD strategies for MDD and TRD patients to modify the disease process, maintain euthymia, and prevent depressive episode relapses. Ranging from the exclusion of SSB to the adherence to rigorous LCHD regimens, these nutritional approaches are safe, straightforward to implement, and may confer benefits for well-being and relapse prevention in this specific patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Walaszek
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Zofia Kachlik
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Wiesław Jerzy Cubała
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
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Komorniak N, Kaczmarczyk M, Łoniewski I, Martynova-Van Kley A, Nalian A, Wroński M, Kaseja K, Kowalewski B, Folwarski M, Stachowska E. Analysis of the Efficacy of Diet and Short-Term Probiotic Intervention on Depressive Symptoms in Patients after Bariatric Surgery: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo Controlled Pilot Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:4905. [PMID: 38068763 PMCID: PMC10707788 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: studies have shown that some patients experience mental deterioration after bariatric surgery. (2) Methods: We examined whether the use of probiotics and improved eating habits can improve the mental health of people who suffered from mood disorders after bariatric surgery. We also analyzed patients' mental states, eating habits and microbiota. (3) Results: Depressive symptoms were observed in 45% of 200 bariatric patients. After 5 weeks, we noted an improvement in patients' mental functioning (reduction in BDI and HRSD), but it was not related to the probiotic used. The consumption of vegetables and whole grain cereals increased (DQI-I adequacy), the consumption of simple sugars and SFA decreased (moderation DQI-I), and the consumption of monounsaturated fatty acids increased it. In the feces of patients after RYGB, there was a significantly higher abundance of two members of the Muribaculaceae family, namely Veillonella and Roseburia, while those after SG had more Christensenellaceae R-7 group, Subdoligranulum, Oscillibacter, and UCG-005. (4) Conclusions: the noted differences in the composition of the gut microbiota (RYGB vs. SG) may be one of the determinants of the proper functioning of the gut-brain microbiota axis, although there is currently a need for further research into this topic using a larger group of patients and different probiotic doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Komorniak
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Mariusz Kaczmarczyk
- Sanprobi sp. z o.o. sp. k., Kurza Stopka 5/C, 70-535 Szczecin, Poland; (M.K.); (I.Ł.)
| | - Igor Łoniewski
- Sanprobi sp. z o.o. sp. k., Kurza Stopka 5/C, 70-535 Szczecin, Poland; (M.K.); (I.Ł.)
- Department of Biochemical Science, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Armen Nalian
- Department of Biology, Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, TX 75962, USA; (A.M.-V.K.); (A.N.)
| | - Michał Wroński
- Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Krzysztof Kaseja
- Department of General Surgery and Transplantation, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Bartosz Kowalewski
- Independent Provincial Public Hospital Complex in Szczecin-Zdunowo, 70-891 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Marcin Folwarski
- Division of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Ewa Stachowska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland;
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Palachum W, Klangbud WK, Chisti Y. Novel nutritionally-enriched gummy jelly infused with nipa palm vinegar powder and nipa palm syrup as functional food ingredients. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21873. [PMID: 38027860 PMCID: PMC10663921 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this research was to develop a nutritionally-enriched gummy jelly product incorporating nipa palm vinegar powder (NPVp; a nutrients-rich vinegar) and nipa palm syrup (NPS), a nutrients-rich sweetener with a low glycemic index. A gummy jelly product was developed based on sensory acceptance tests. The water activity and the moisture content of the final product were within the acceptable range for preservation under ambient conditions. The final product had a total phenolic content of 861 μg gallic acid equivalent (GAE) per g and an antioxidant activity (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) inhibition) of 72.7 %. The final product had the following nutritional attributes (per 100 g dry mass): 319.7 kcal of energy, 8.8 g protein, 0.2 g fats, 70.6 g carbohydrates, 59.9 g total sugars, 0.7 g of total dietary fibers, 34.6 mg calcium, 0.3 mg iron, 168.0 mg sodium, and 774.7 mg vitamin C. The in vitro glycemic index of the product was 27.4. Based on their nutrients-content, NPVp and NPS were suitable for use in other functional food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilawan Palachum
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand
- Center of Excellence Research for Melioidosis and Microorganisms (CERMM), Walailak University, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand
| | - Wiyada Kwanhian Klangbud
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand
- Center of Excellence Research for Melioidosis and Microorganisms (CERMM), Walailak University, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand
| | - Yusuf Chisti
- Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
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Jarvis PRE, Cardin JL, Nisevich-Bede PM, McCarter JP. Continuous glucose monitoring in a healthy population: understanding the post-prandial glycemic response in individuals without diabetes mellitus. Metabolism 2023:155640. [PMID: 37356796 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2023.155640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Continuous glucose monitoring has become a common adjunct in the management of Diabetes Mellitus. However, there has been a recent trend among individuals without diabetes using these devices as a means of monitoring their health. The increased visibility of glucose data has allowed users to study the effect lifestyle has upon post-prandial glucose levels. Although post-prandial hyperglycemia is well understood in the setting of diabetes, its impact in individuals without diabetes is less well defined. This article reviews the factors which contribute to post-prandial hyperglycemia in individuals without diabetes and how the data obtained from continuous glucose monitoring can be used to improve an individual's metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - James P McCarter
- Medical and Clinical Affairs, Abbott Laboratories, Alameda, CA, USA; Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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Chekima K, Yan SW, Lee SWH, Wong TZ, Noor MI, Ooi YB, Metzendorf MI, Lai NM. Low glycaemic index or low glycaemic load diets for people with overweight or obesity. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2023; 6:CD005105. [PMID: 37345841 PMCID: PMC10313499 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd005105.pub3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of obesity is increasing worldwide, yet nutritional management remains contentious. It has been suggested that low glycaemic index (GI) or low glycaemic load (GL) diets may stimulate greater weight loss than higher GI/GL diets or other weight reduction diets. The previous version of this review, published in 2007, found mainly short-term intervention studies. Since then, randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with longer-term follow-up have become available, warranting an update of this review. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of low glycaemic index or low glycaemic load diets on weight loss in people with overweight or obesity. SEARCH METHODS We searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, one other database, and two clinical trials registers from their inception to 25 May 2022. We did not apply any language restrictions. SELECTION CRITERIA We included RCTs with a minimum duration of eight weeks comparing low GI/GL diets to higher GI/GL diets or any other diets in people with overweight or obesity. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used standard Cochrane methods. We conducted two main comparisons: low GI/GL diets versus higher GI/GL diets and low GI/GL diets versus any other diet. Our main outcomes included change in body weight and body mass index, adverse events, health-related quality of life, and mortality. We used GRADE to assess the certainty of the evidence for each outcome. MAIN RESULTS In this updated review, we included 10 studies (1210 participants); nine were newly-identified studies. We included only one study from the previous version of this review, following a revision of inclusion criteria. We listed five studies as 'awaiting classification' and one study as 'ongoing'. Of the 10 included studies, seven compared low GI/GL diets (233 participants) with higher GI/GL diets (222 participants) and three studies compared low GI/GL diets (379 participants) with any other diet (376 participants). One study included children (50 participants); one study included adults aged over 65 years (24 participants); the remaining studies included adults (1136 participants). The duration of the interventions varied from eight weeks to 18 months. All trials had an unclear or high risk of bias across several domains. Low GI/GL diets versus higher GI/GL diets Low GI/GL diets probably result in little to no difference in change in body weight compared to higher GI/GL diets (mean difference (MD) -0.82 kg, 95% confidence interval (CI) -1.92 to 0.28; I2 = 52%; 7 studies, 403 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). Evidence from four studies reporting change in body mass index (BMI) indicated low GI/GL diets may result in little to no difference in change in BMI compared to higher GI/GL diets (MD -0.45 kg/m2, 95% CI -1.02 to 0.12; I2 = 22%; 186 participants; low-certainty evidence)at the end of the study periods. One study assessing participants' mood indicated that low GI/GL diets may improve mood compared to higher GI/GL diets, but the evidence is very uncertain (MD -3.5, 95% CI -9.33 to 2.33; 42 participants; very low-certainty evidence). Two studies assessing adverse events did not report any adverse events; we judged this outcome to have very low-certainty evidence. No studies reported on all-cause mortality. For the secondary outcomes, low GI/GL diets may result in little to no difference in fat mass compared to higher GI/GL diets (MD -0.86 kg, 95% CI -1.52 to -0.20; I2 = 6%; 6 studies, 295 participants; low certainty-evidence). Similarly, low GI/GL diets may result in little to no difference in fasting blood glucose level compared to higher GI/GL diets (MD 0.12 mmol/L, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.21; I2 = 0%; 6 studies, 344 participants; low-certainty evidence). Low GI/GL diets versus any other diet Low GI/GL diets probably result in little to no difference in change in body weight compared to other diets (MD -1.24 kg, 95% CI -2.82 to 0.34; I2 = 70%; 3 studies, 723 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). The evidence suggests that low GI/GL diets probably result in little to no difference in change in BMI compared to other diets (MD -0.30 kg in favour of low GI/GL diets, 95% CI -0.59 to -0.01; I2 = 0%; 2 studies, 650 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). Two adverse events were reported in one study: one was not related to the intervention, and the other, an eating disorder, may have been related to the intervention. Another study reported 11 adverse events, including hypoglycaemia following an oral glucose tolerance test. The same study reported seven serious adverse events, including kidney stones and diverticulitis. We judged this outcome to have low-certainty evidence. No studies reported on health-related quality of life or all-cause mortality. For the secondary outcomes, none of the studies reported on fat mass. Low GI/GL diets probably do not reduce fasting blood glucose level compared to other diets (MD 0.03 mmol/L, 95% CI -0.05 to 0.12; I2 = 0%; 3 studies, 732 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: The current evidence indicates there may be little to no difference for all main outcomes between low GI/GL diets versus higher GI/GL diets or any other diet. There is insufficient information to draw firm conclusions about the effect of low GI/GL diets on people with overweight or obesity. Most studies had a small sample size, with only a few participants in each comparison group. We rated the certainty of the evidence as moderate to very low. More well-designed and adequately-powered studies are needed. They should follow a standardised intervention protocol, adopt objective outcome measurement since blinding may be difficult to achieve, and make efforts to minimise loss to follow-up. Furthermore, studies in people from a wide range of ethnicities and with a wide range of dietary habits, as well as studies in low- and middle-income countries, are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadidja Chekima
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - See Wan Yan
- School of Hospitality Management, Macao Institute for Tourism Studies, Macao, Macao
| | | | - Tziak Ze Wong
- School of Food Studies and Gastronomy, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Ismail Noor
- School of Culinary Arts and Food Studies, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yasmin Bh Ooi
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, University Malaysia Sabah (UMS), Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
| | - Maria-Inti Metzendorf
- Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nai Ming Lai
- School of Medicine, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
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Dietch DM, Kerr-Gaffney J, Hockey M, Marx W, Ruusunen A, Young AH, Berk M, Mondelli V. Efficacy of low carbohydrate and ketogenic diets in treating mood and anxiety disorders: systematic review and implications for clinical practice. BJPsych Open 2023; 9:e70. [PMID: 37066662 PMCID: PMC10134254 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2023.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is mounting interest in the potential efficacy of low carbohydrate and very low carbohydrate ketogenic diets in various neurological and psychiatric disorders. AIMS To conduct a systematic review and narrative synthesis of low carbohydrate and ketogenic diets (LC/KD) in adults with mood and anxiety disorders. METHOD MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO and Cochrane databases were systematically searched for articles from inception to 6 September 2022. Studies that included adults with any mood or anxiety disorder treated with a low carbohydrate or ketogenic intervention, reporting effects on mood or anxiety symptoms were eligible for inclusion. PROSPERO registration CRD42019116367. RESULTS The search yielded 1377 articles, of which 48 were assessed for full-text eligibility. Twelve heterogeneous studies (stated as ketogenic interventions, albeit with incomplete carbohydrate reporting and measurements of ketosis; diet duration: 2 weeks to 3 years; n = 389; age range 19 to 75 years) were included in the final analysis. This included nine case reports, two cohort studies and one observational study. Data quality was variable, with no high-quality evidence identified. Efficacy, adverse effects and discontinuation rates were not systematically reported. There was some evidence for efficacy of ketogenic diets in those with bipolar disorder, schizoaffective disorder and possibly unipolar depression/anxiety. Relapse after discontinuation of the diet was reported in some individuals. CONCLUSIONS Although there is no high-quality evidence of LC/KD efficacy in mood or anxiety disorders, several uncontrolled studies suggest possible beneficial effects. Robust studies are now needed to demonstrate efficacy, to identify clinical groups who may benefit and whether a ketogenic diet (beyond low carbohydrate) is required and to characterise adverse effects and the risk of relapse after diet discontinuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M. Dietch
- Lonsdale Medical Centre, London, UK; and Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jess Kerr-Gaffney
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Meghan Hockey
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Food & Mood Centre, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Wolfgang Marx
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Food & Mood Centre, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Anu Ruusunen
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Food & Mood Centre, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland; and Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Allan H. Young
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Michael Berk
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Food & Mood Centre, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Valeria Mondelli
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, King's College London, London, UK
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Kumar A, Pramanik J, Goyal N, Chauhan D, Sivamaruthi BS, Prajapati BG, Chaiyasut C. Gut Microbiota in Anxiety and Depression: Unveiling the Relationships and Management Options. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16040565. [PMID: 37111321 PMCID: PMC10146621 DOI: 10.3390/ph16040565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is critical for maintaining human health and the immunological system. Several neuroscientific studies have shown the significance of microbiota in developing brain systems. The gut microbiota and the brain are interconnected in a bidirectional relationship, as research on the microbiome-gut-brain axis shows. Significant evidence links anxiety and depression disorders to the community of microbes that live in the gastrointestinal system. Modified diet, fish and omega-3 fatty acid intake, macro- and micro-nutrient intake, prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, postbiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and 5-HTP regulation may all be utilized to alter the gut microbiota as a treatment approach. There are few preclinical and clinical research studies on the effectiveness and reliability of various therapeutic approaches for depression and anxiety. This article highlights relevant research on the association of gut microbiota with depression and anxiety and the different therapeutic possibilities of gut microbiota modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash Kumar
- Department of Food Technology, SRM University, Sonipat 131029, India
| | - Jhilam Pramanik
- Department of Food Technology, ITM University, Gwalior 474001, India
| | - Nandani Goyal
- Department of Skill Agriculture, Shri Vishwakarma Skill University, Gurugram 122003, India
| | - Dimple Chauhan
- School of Bio-Engineering and Food Technology, Shoolini University, Solan 173229, India
| | - Bhagavathi Sundaram Sivamaruthi
- Office of Research Administration, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Bhupendra G Prajapati
- Shree S. K. Patel College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ganpat University, Mehsana 384012, India
| | - Chaiyavat Chaiyasut
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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Rasaei N, Fallah M, Gholami F, Karimi M, Noori S, Bahrampour N, Clark CCT, Mirzaei K. The association between glycemic index and glycemic load and quality of life among overweight and obese women: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nutr 2023; 9:30. [PMID: 36782338 PMCID: PMC9926726 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-022-00668-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between different dietary approaches and quality of life (QoL) has been well-demonstrated in previous research. However, the relationship between glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) with different dimensions of QoL has not been established. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the relationship between GI and GL with QoL in overweight and obese women. METHODS Two hundred seventy-six overweight and obese women (body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2), aged 18-64 years old, were included in this cross-sectional study. The amount of dietary intake and GI and GL indexes were established using a valid and reliable Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) containing 147 items. Body composition (using bioimpedance analysis), anthropometrics, and physical activity were assessed. Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and hs-CRP were also measured, whilst QoL was measured using the SF-36 (short-form-36), self-administered, questionnaire. RESULT Analyses were performed using multivariable linear regression, considering a wide range of confounding variables, such as age, physical activity, BMI, education, job, smoking, and marriage. We found a significant negative association between glycemic load and quality of life (β = -0.07, 95%CI = -0.13_ -0.01, p = 0.01). No significant associations were observed between glycemic index and quality of life (β = -0.03, 95%CI = -0.81_ 0.75, p = 0.93). CONCLUSION We observed a significant negative association between QoL and GL, but not GI, among overweight and obese women in Iran. Our results need to be confirmed with further well-designed and adequately powered studies that control for clinical confounders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar Rasaei
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences(TUMS), P.O. Box, 14155-6117 Tehran, Iran
| | - Melika Fallah
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences(TUMS), P.O. Box, 14155-6117 Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Gholami
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences(TUMS), P.O. Box, 14155-6117 Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Karimi
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences(TUMS), P.O. Box, 14155-6117 Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Noori
- grid.472472.00000 0004 1756 1816Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, and Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niki Bahrampour
- grid.472472.00000 0004 1756 1816Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, and Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Cain C. T. Clark
- grid.8096.70000000106754565Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5FB UK
| | - Khadijeh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences(TUMS), P.O. Box, 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran. .,Food Microbiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Rasaei N, Ghaffarian-Ensaf R, Shiraseb F, Fallah M, Gholami F, Clark CCT, Mirzaei K. The association between healthy beverage index and quality of life among overweight and obese women: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:176. [PMID: 36698096 PMCID: PMC9878812 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14501-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although several studies have evaluated the association between patterns of beverage consumption with different components of quality of life separately, the findings are controversial. In addition, none have examined all components of quality of life together in relation to patterns of beverage consumption. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the association between healthy beverage index (HBI) and quality of life among overweight and obese women. METHODS For this cross-sectional study, 210 obese and overweight women were recruited from health centers in Tehran, Iran. Using reliable and verified standard protocols, data on beverage intake, socio-demographic, physical activity, and anthropometric variables were assessed. Based on past studies, the predetermined HBI was estimated. Serum samples were used to determine biochemical characteristics, and quality of life was assessed using SF-36 questionnaires. RESULTS There was a significant association between total QoL score with T2 tertile of HBI in the adjusted model (β: 13.11, 95% CI: 1.52, 24.69, p-value = 0.027). General health had a significant negative association with T2 (β: -5.83; 95% CI: - 11.48, - 0.18; p-value = 0.043) and T3 (β: -6.20; 95% CI: - 12.37, - 0.03; p-value = 0.049). Women with greater adherence to the HBI had a higher physical functioning score, and there was a significant upward trend from the second to the third tertile (7.74 vs 0.62) (-trend = 0.036). There was a significant positive association between mental health with T3 of HBI (β: 4.26; 95% CI: 1.51, 5.98; p-value = 0.015) and a significant increasing trend was observed with increasing tertiles (P-trend = 0.045). CONCLUSION In conclusion, there is a significant association between total QoL score, and its components, with HBI among overweight and obese women. However, additional well-designed studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar Rasaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasool Ghaffarian-Ensaf
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, and Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farideh Shiraseb
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Melika Fallah
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Gholami
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Cain C T Clark
- Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK
| | - Khadijeh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
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11
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Nobile V, Puoci F. Effect of a Multi-Strain Probiotic Supplementation to Manage Stress during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Cross-Over Clinical Trial. Neuropsychobiology 2023; 82:61-71. [PMID: 36634645 PMCID: PMC9843736 DOI: 10.1159/000527956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 pandemic strongly affected every aspect of the modern society, from health to socioeconomics, leading people to experience high levels of stress. METHODS A double-blind, cross-over, placebo-controlled clinical study was performed to investigate the ability of a food supplement containing two probiotic strains, Limosilactobacillus reuteri PBS072 and Bifidobacterium breve BB077, in supporting 33 healthy adults, working at a university, in stress management. The efficacy of the tested strains in influencing the stress response, in terms of mood and sleep behavior, was assessed using the following validated questionnaires: Profile of Mood State (POMS) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). RESULTS Outcomes of the POMS and the PSQI demonstrated a significant reduction of the questionnaire's scores both versus baseline and placebo after 30 days of probiotic intake. CONCLUSIONS According to the results, the probiotic food supplement investigated showed a remarkable effect on stress management by improving the quality of sleep and the mood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesco Puoci
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Cosenza, Italy,*Francesco Puoci,
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12
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Associations of overall and specific carbohydrate intake with anxiety status evolution in the prospective NutriNet-Santé population-based cohort. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21647. [PMID: 36517506 PMCID: PMC9750050 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25337-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the association between carbohydrate intake and anxiety evolution within the general-population NutriNet-Santé cohort (N = 15,602; 73.8% female; mean age = 53.8y; mean follow-up = 5.4y). Carbohydrate intake was estimated at baseline from ≥ 2 24-h dietary records. Trait anxiety (STAI-T) was measured once at baseline (2013-2016) and once at follow-up (2020), resulting in 4 groups: "None" = absence of high anxiety (STAI-T > 40 points) at any time point; "Transient" = high anxiety only at baseline; "Onset at follow-up" = high anxiety only at follow-up; "Persistent" = high anxiety at baseline and follow-up. Polytomous logistic regression models revealed that sweetened beverage intake was associated with higher odds of "Transient" anxiety (ORQ4vsQ1 = 1.11; 95% CI 1.02-1.21). Intake of complex carbohydrates (ORQ4vsQ1 = 1.12; 1.01-1.25) was associated with higher odds of anxiety "Onset at follow-up." The % energy from carbohydrates (ORQ4vsQ1 = 1.11; 1.03-1.19), intakes of total carbohydrates (ORQ4vsQ1 = 1.10; 1.03-1.18) and complex carbohydrates (ORQ4vsQ1 = 1.09; 1.02-1.17) were associated with higher odds of "Persistent" anxiety, whereas 100% fruit juice intake showed lower odds of "Persistent" anxiety (ORQ4vsQ1 = 0.87; 0.81-0.94). This prospective study found significant associations between dietary carbohydrate intake and anxiety status evolution among French adults. The findings could help inform dietary interventions aimed at anxiety prevention and management.
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13
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Deledda A, Palmas V, Heidrich V, Fosci M, Lombardo M, Cambarau G, Lai A, Melis M, Loi E, Loviselli A, Manzin A, Velluzzi F. Dynamics of Gut Microbiota and Clinical Variables after Ketogenic and Mediterranean Diets in Drug-Naïve Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity. Metabolites 2022; 12:1092. [PMID: 36355175 PMCID: PMC9693465 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12111092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the most common form of diabetes, is a progressive chronic metabolic disease that has increasingly spread worldwide, enhancing the mortality rate, particularly from cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Lifestyle improvement through diet and physical activity is, together with drug treatment, the cornerstone of T2DM management. The Mediterranean diet (MD), which favors a prevalence of unprocessed vegetable foods and a reduction in red meats and industrial foods, without excluding any food category, is usually recommended. Recently, scientific societies have promoted a very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD), a multiphasic protocol that limits carbohydrates and then gradually re-introduces them, with a favorable outcome on body weight and metabolic parameters. Indeed, gut microbiota (GM) modifications have been linked to overweight/obesity and metabolic alterations typical of T2DM. Diet is known to affect GM largely, but only a few studies have investigated the effects of VLCKD on GM, especially in T2DM. In this study, we have compared anthropometric, biochemical, lifestyle parameters, the quality of life, and the GM of eleven patients with recently diagnosed T2DM and overweight or obesity, randomly assigned to two groups of six and five patients who followed the VLCKD (KETO) or hypocaloric MD (MEDI) respectively; parameters were recorded at baseline (T0) and after two (T2) and three months (T3). The results showed that VLCKD had more significant beneficial effects than MD on anthropometric parameters, while biochemical improvements did not statistically differ. As for the GM, despite the lack of significant results regarding the alpha and beta diversity, and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidota ratio between the two groups, in the KETO group, a significant increase in beneficial microbial taxa such as Verrucomicrobiota phylum with its members Verrucomicrobiae, Verrucomicrobiales, Akkermansiaceae, and Akkermansia, Christensenellaceae family, Eubacterium spp., and a reduction in microbial taxa previously associated with obesity (Firmicutes and Actinobacteriota) or other diseases (Alistipes) was observed both at T2 and T3. With regards to the MEDI group, variations were limited to a significant increase in Actinobacteroidota phylum at T2 and T3 and Firmicutes phylum at T3. Moreover, a metagenomic alteration linked to some metabolic pathways was found exclusively in the KETO group. In conclusion, both dietary approaches allowed patients to improve their state of health, but VLCKD has shown better results on body composition as well as on GM profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Deledda
- Obesity Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Vanessa Palmas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Vitor Heidrich
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil
- Centro de Oncologia Molecular, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo 01308-050, Brazil
| | - Michele Fosci
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Mauro Lombardo
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Cambarau
- Obesity Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alessio Lai
- Diabetologia, P.O. Binaghi, ASSL Cagliari, 09126 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Marietta Melis
- Obesity Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Loi
- Obesity Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Andrea Loviselli
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Aldo Manzin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Fernanda Velluzzi
- Obesity Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
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14
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Chen C, Lu Z, Zhao J, Wang X, Zhang J, Zhang D, Li S. Combined association of depressive symptoms and sugar-sweetened beverages consumption with low cognitive performance. J Affect Disord 2022; 313:15-20. [PMID: 35772623 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.06.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The combined association of depressive symptoms and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) consumption with low cognitive performance is poorly understood so far. METHODS Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2014 and Food Patterns Equivalents Database was used. Depressive symptoms were identified using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. The combinations of depressive symptoms/SSB were defined as a categorical variable comprising no depressive symptoms/low SSB, no depressive symptoms/high SSB, mild-to-severe depressive symptoms/low SSB and mild-to-severe depressive symptoms/high SSB. Cognitive function was measured by three tests. People whose score were lower than the gender group stratified lowest quartile were defined as low cognitive performance. Logistic regression model was applied to examine the combined association with low cognitive performance. Interaction analysis was conducted to verify the interaction with gender. RESULTS The combined associations of depressive symptoms and SSB consumption with low cognitive performance were significant. For the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease test, the combinations of mild-to-severe depressive symptoms/low SSB (ORs (95 % CI): 1.59 (1.01, 2.52)), no depressive symptoms/high SSB (ORs (95 % CI): 1.48 (0.96, 2.26)) and mild-to-severe depressive symptoms/high SSB (ORs (95 % CI): 1.74 (1.21, 2.53)) had significant or marginally significant associations with low cognitive performance to those with no depressive symptoms and low SSB consumption. LIMITATION This is a cross-sectional study. CONCLUSIONS The combination of depressive symptoms and SSB consumption might be associated with low cognitive performance, which had gender differences. These evidences could help guide interventions that focus on dietary nutrition patterns or mood for low cognitive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhonghai Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiwei Zhao
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xueyan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiesong Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dongfeng Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Suyun Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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15
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The Burden of Carbohydrates in Health and Disease. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183809. [PMID: 36145184 PMCID: PMC9505863 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Foods high in carbohydrates are an important part of a healthy diet, since they provide the body with glucose to support bodily functions and physical activity. However, the abusive consumption of refined, simple, and low-quality carbohydrates has a direct implication on the physical and mental pathophysiology. Then, carbohydrate consumption is postulated as a crucial factor in the development of the main Western diseases of the 21st century. We conducted this narrative critical review using MedLine (Pubmed), Cochrane (Wiley), Embase, and CinAhl databases with the MeSH-compliant keywords: carbohydrates and evolution, development, phylogenetic, GUT, microbiota, stress, metabolic health, consumption behaviors, metabolic disease, cardiovascular disease, mental disease, anxiety, depression, cancer, chronic kidney failure, allergies, and asthma in order to analyze the impact of carbohydrates on health. Evidence suggests that carbohydrates, especially fiber, are beneficial for the well-being and growth of gut microorganisms and consequently for the host in this symbiotic relationship, producing microbial alterations a negative effect on mental health and different organic systems. In addition, evidence suggests a negative impact of simple carbohydrates and refined carbohydrates on mood categories, including alertness and tiredness, reinforcing a vicious circle. Regarding physical health, sugar intake can affect the development and prognosis of metabolic disease, as an uncontrolled intake of refined carbohydrates puts individuals at risk of developing metabolic syndrome and subsequently developing metabolic disease.
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16
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Zohrabi T, Ziaee A, Salehi-Abargouei A, Ferns GA, Ghayour-Mobarhan M, Khayyatzadeh SS. Dietary total anti-oxidant capacity is inversely related to the prevalence of depression in adolescent girls. BMC Pediatr 2022; 22:535. [PMID: 36085012 PMCID: PMC9461116 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-022-03589-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress is considered to be a contributory factor for depression, and is affected by the dietary intake of pro-and anti-oxidants. Dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) is an index which is applied to estimate the cumulative power of antioxidants in the whole diet. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between DTAC and prevalence of depression in adolescent girls. Methods A total of 741 Iranian adolescent girls aged 12–18 years were recruited into this cross-sectional study. Dietary intake and depression severity score were assessed using a food frequency questionnaire and Beck's depression inventory, respectively. To estimate the DTAC, the oxygen radical absorbance capacity method was used for selected foods. To explore the associations between DTAC and depression, logistic regression was applied using crude and adjusted models. Results Individuals in the greatest adherence to high DTAC had more intakes of whole grains, legumes, fruits, dried fruits, low fat dairy products, cruciferous vegetables, fiber, magnesium, vitamin C, folate, potassium, zinc, β-carotene, lutein, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin and vitamin B-6 and lower consumption of refined grains. Subjects in the highest quartile of DTAC had a 39% lower odds of depression compared to those in the first quartile (OR = 0.61; 95% CI: 0.38–0.97, P for trend = 0.012); these associations remained significant after adjustments in first, second and third (OR = 0.5; 95% CI: 0.28–0.92, P for trend < 0.001) adjusted models. Conclusions An inverse association was observed between the DTAC and the prevalence of depression in our population sample of adolescent girls. Further research needs to be conducted in different areas, including longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes.
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17
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Dietary Fibre and Organic Acids in Kiwifruit Suppress Glycaemic Response Equally by Delaying Absorption-A Randomised Crossover Human Trial with Parallel Analysis of 13C-Acetate Uptake. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153189. [PMID: 35956366 PMCID: PMC9370659 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-sugar components of kiwifruit reduce the amplitude of the glycaemic response to co-consumed cereal starch. We determined the relative contribution of different non-sugar kiwifruit components to this anti-glycaemic effect. Healthy participants (n = 9) ingested equal carbohydrate meals containing 20 g starch as wheat biscuit (WB, 30 g), and the sugar equivalent of two kiwifruit (KFsug, 20.4 g), either intrinsic or added as glucose, fructose and sucrose (2:2:1). The meals were WB+KFsug (control, no non-sugar kiwifruit components), WB + whole kiwifruit pulp (WB+KF), WB + neutralised kiwifruit pulp (WB+KFneut), WB + low-fibre kiwifruit juice (WB+KFjuice) and WB+KFsug + kiwifruit organic acids (WB+KFsug+OA). All meals were spiked with 100 mg sodium [1-13C] acetate to measure intestinal absorption. Each participant ingested all meals in random order. Blood glucose and breath 13CO2 were measured at ingestion and at 15 min intervals up to 180 min. Compared with WB+KFsug, whole kiwifruit pulp (WB+KF) almost halved glycaemic response amplitude (p < 0.001), reduced incremental area under the blood glucose response curve (iAUC) at 30 min (peak) by 50% (p < 0.001), and averted late postprandial hypoglycaemia. All other treatments suppressed response amplitude half as much as whole kiwifruit and averted acute hypoglycaemia, with little effect on iAUC. Effects on 13CO2 exhalation paralleled effects on blood glucose (R2 = 0.97). Dietary fibre and organic acids contributed equally to the anti-glycaemic effect of kiwifruit by reducing intestinal absorption rate. Kiwifruit flesh effectively attenuates glycaemic response in carbohydrate exchange, as it contains fructose, dietary fibre and organic acids.
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18
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Amirinejad A, Darand M, Davies IG, Mazidi M, Nadjarzadeh A, Mirzaei M, Khayyatzadeh SS. Higher dietary glycemic load is inversely associated with stress prevalence among Iranian adults. BMC Neurosci 2022; 23:28. [PMID: 35596143 PMCID: PMC9121559 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-022-00713-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychological disorders including depression, anxiety, and stress comprise a huge public health problem. The aim of this cross-sectional study is to assess the relationship between dietary glycemic index (DGI) and glycemic load (DGL) and mental disorders. METHOD Participants (n = 10,000) aged 20-69 were randomly selected from 200 clusters in Yazd from the recruitment phase of Yazd Health Study. The dietary intake of study participants was collected by a reliable and validated food frequency questionnaire consisting of 178 food items. DGI and DGL were calculated from the FFQ data using previously published reference values. To assess psychological disorders an Iranian validated short version of a self-reported questionnaire Depression Anxiety Stress Scales 21 was used. RESULTS There were no significant associations between DGI and DGL with odds of depression or anxiety in crude and adjusted models. However, individuals in the highest quartiles of DGL had the lowest odds of stress (OR: 0.69; 95% CI 0.47-1, P-trend = 0.023). This association remained significant after adjustment for potential confounding variables in model I (OR: 0.45; 95% CI 0.22-0.9, P-trend = 0.023), model II (OR: 0.46; 95% CI 0.22-0.96, P-trend = 0.039) and model III (OR: 0.46; 95% CI 0.22-0.96, P-trend = 0.042). CONCLUSION In conclusion, consumption of foods with higher GL was associated with lower odds of stress; however, no significant association was found between DGI or DGL and risk of depression and anxiety. Performing further studies with longitudinal design is suggested to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Amirinejad
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Shohadaye Gomnam BLD, ALEM Square, Yazd, Iran.,Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mina Darand
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ian G Davies
- Research Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Mohsen Mazidi
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Azadeh Nadjarzadeh
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Shohadaye Gomnam BLD, ALEM Square, Yazd, Iran.,Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Masoud Mirzaei
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-Communicable Disease Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Sayyed Saeid Khayyatzadeh
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Shohadaye Gomnam BLD, ALEM Square, Yazd, Iran. .,Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
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Liu S, Lu H, Chen W, Ma X, Liu J, Xia K, Zhou Z, Han X, Wu Y, Liu J, Wang X, Pan C, Li Y, Liu Y, Yuan P, Duan S. Preparation and evaluation of low glycemic index reconstituted rice. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.fstr-d-21-00307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiwei Liu
- China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Department of Food Engineering Research and Development
| | - Huili Lu
- Master Kong Beverage R&D Center, Product development department
| | - Wei Chen
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Dept. of Health Medicine Beijing
| | - Xishan Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of the Innovative Development of Functional Staple and Nutritional Intervention for Chronic Diseases
| | - Jie Liu
- Hebei University of Engineering, School of life sciences and food engineering
| | - Kai Xia
- China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Department of Food Engineering Research and Development
| | - Zhiqiao Zhou
- China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Department of Food Engineering Research and Development
| | - Xiaofeng Han
- China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Department of Food Engineering Research and Development
| | - Yimin Wu
- China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Department of Food Engineering Research and Development
| | - Jia Liu
- China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Department of Food Engineering Research and Development
| | - Xi Wang
- China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Department of Food Engineering Research and Development
| | - Cong Pan
- China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Department of Food Engineering Research and Development
| | - Yali Li
- China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Department of Food Engineering Research and Development
| | - Yifeng Liu
- China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Department of Food Engineering Research and Development
| | - Peng Yuan
- China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Department of Food Engineering Research and Development
| | - Shenglin Duan
- China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Department of Food Engineering Research and Development
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Adams RN, Athinarayanan SJ, McKenzie AL, Hallberg SJ, McCarter JP, Phinney SD, Gonzalez JS. Depressive symptoms improve over 2 years of type 2 diabetes treatment via a digital continuous remote care intervention focused on carbohydrate restriction. J Behav Med 2022; 45:416-427. [PMID: 35084637 PMCID: PMC9160138 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-021-00272-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Depressive symptoms are prevalent among people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and, even at low severity levels, are associated with worse diabetes outcomes. Carbohydrate restriction is an effective treatment for T2D but its long-term impacts on depressive symptoms are unclear. In the current study we explored changes in depressive symptoms over 2 years among 262 primarily non-depressed T2D patients participating in a continuous remote care intervention emphasizing carbohydrate restriction. Subclinical depressive symptoms decreased over the first 10 weeks and reductions were maintained out to 2 years. Increased frequency of blood ketone levels indicative of adherence to low carbohydrate eating predicted decreases in depressive symptoms. Concerns have been raised with recommending restrictive diets due to potential negative impacts on quality-of-life factors such as mood; however, results of the current study support positive rather than negative long-term impacts of closely monitored carbohydrate restriction on depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca N Adams
- Virta Health Corp, 501 Folsom Street, San Francisco, CA, 94105, USA.
| | | | - Amy L McKenzie
- Virta Health Corp, 501 Folsom Street, San Francisco, CA, 94105, USA
| | - Sarah J Hallberg
- Virta Health Corp, 501 Folsom Street, San Francisco, CA, 94105, USA
- Indiana University Health Arnett, Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - James P McCarter
- Abbott Diabetes Care, Alameda, CA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey S Gonzalez
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA
- Departments of Medicine (Endocrinology) and Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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Depression and obesity among females, are sex specificities considered? Arch Womens Ment Health 2021; 24:851-866. [PMID: 33880649 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-021-01123-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to systematically review the relationship of obesity-depression in the female sex. We carried out a systematic search (PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase) to quantify the articles (controlled trials and randomized controlled trials) regarding obesity and depression on a female population or a mixed sample. Successively, we established whether the sex specificities were studied by the authors and if they reported on collecting data regarding factors that may contribute to the evolution of obesity and depression and that could be responsible for the greater susceptibility of females to those conditions. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we found a total of 20 articles with a female sample and 54 articles with a mixed sample. More than half of all articles (51.35%, n = 38) evaluated the relationship between depression and obesity, but only 20 (27.03%) evaluated this relationship among females; still, 80% of those (n = 16) presented supporting results. However, few articles considered confounding factors related to female hormones (12.16%, n = 9) and none of the articles focused on factors responsible for the binomial obesity-depression in the female sex. The resulting articles also supported that depression (and related impairments) influencing obesity (and related impairments) is a two-way road. This systematic review supports the concurrency of obesity-depression in females but also shows how sex specificities are ultimately under-investigated. Female sex specificity is not being actively considered when studying the binomial obesity-depression, even within a female sample. Future studies should focus on trying to understand how the female sex and normal hormonal variations influence these conditions.
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22
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Setayesh L, Ebrahimi R, Pooyan S, Yarizadeh H, Rashidbeygi E, Badrooj N, Imani H, Mirzaei K. The possible mediatory role of adipokines in the association between low carbohydrate diet and depressive symptoms among overweight and obese women. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257275. [PMID: 34516574 PMCID: PMC8437289 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies showed the possible association between obesity, dietary pattern, and depressive symptoms. Due to the lack of enough data to confirm the association of obesity and depression in the Middle East, here, we aimed to explore the possible mediatory role of adipokines Galectin-3, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), and endothelial plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) in the association between low carbohydrate diet (LCD) and depressive symptoms. METHODS A total of 256 women aged 17-56 years old were grouped based on their LCD score. Depression anxiety stress scales-21 (DASS-21) self-administered questionnaire was used to evaluate the three negative emotional states of stress, depressive symptoms, and anxiety. Body composition and dietary intake were assessed. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the serum levels of Galectin-3, TGF-β, and PAI-1. RESULTS No significant difference was observed regarding Galectin-3, TGF-β, and PAI-1 levels between the groups with dissimilar adherence to LCD or the groups with different levels of depressive symptoms (P>0.05). However, there was a negative association between LCD score as a covariant and depressive symptoms as an independent variable (P = 0.02) and remarkably, a regression model linear analysis using Galectin-3, TGF-β, and PAI-1 as confounding variables indicated the mediatory role of these adipokines in this association (P>0.05). In other words, adipokines eliminated the significance of the relationship between adherence to LCD and depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION It seems that higher adherence to LCD is probably associated with a lower prevalence of depressive symptoms in obese adults through the mediatory role of adipokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Setayesh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Students’ Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reyhane Ebrahimi
- Students’ Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Pooyan
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Habib Yarizadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Elaheh Rashidbeygi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Negin Badrooj
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Imani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- * E-mail: (KM); (HI)
| | - Khadijeh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
- * E-mail: (KM); (HI)
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23
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Gijbels A, Trouwborst I, Jardon KM, Hul GB, Siebelink E, Bowser SM, Yildiz D, Wanders L, Erdos B, Thijssen DHJ, Feskens EJM, Goossens GH, Afman LA, Blaak EE. The PERSonalized Glucose Optimization Through Nutritional Intervention (PERSON) Study: Rationale, Design and Preliminary Screening Results. Front Nutr 2021; 8:694568. [PMID: 34277687 PMCID: PMC8278004 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.694568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: It is well-established that the etiology of type 2 diabetes differs between individuals. Insulin resistance (IR) may develop in different tissues, but the severity of IR may differ in key metabolic organs such as the liver and skeletal muscle. Recent evidence suggests that these distinct tissue-specific IR phenotypes may also respond differentially to dietary macronutrient composition with respect to improvements in glucose metabolism. Objective: The main objective of the PERSON study is to investigate the effects of an optimal vs. suboptimal dietary macronutrient intervention according to tissue-specific IR phenotype on glucose metabolism and other health outcomes. Methods: In total, 240 overweight/obese (BMI 25 – 40 kg/m2) men and women (age 40 – 75 years) with either skeletal muscle insulin resistance (MIR) or liver insulin resistance (LIR) will participate in a two-center, randomized, double-blind, parallel, 12-week dietary intervention study. At screening, participants undergo a 7-point oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) to determine the hepatic insulin resistance index (HIRI) and muscle insulin sensitivity index (MISI), classifying each participant as either “No MIR/LIR,” “MIR,” “LIR,” or “combined MIR/LIR.” Individuals with MIR or LIR are randomized to follow one of two isocaloric diets varying in macronutrient content and quality, that is hypothesized to be either an optimal or suboptimal diet, depending on their tissue-specific IR phenotype (MIR/LIR). Extensive measurements in a controlled laboratory setting as well as phenotyping in daily life are performed before and after the intervention. The primary study outcome is the difference in change in disposition index, which is the product of insulin sensitivity and first-phase insulin secretion, between participants who received their hypothesized optimal or suboptimal diet. Discussion: The PERSON study is one of the first randomized clinical trials in the field of precision nutrition to test effects of a more personalized dietary intervention based on IR phenotype. The results of the PERSON study will contribute knowledge on the effectiveness of targeted nutritional strategies to the emerging field of precision nutrition, and improve our understanding of the complex pathophysiology of whole body and tissue-specific IR. Clinical Trial Registration:https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03708419, clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03708419.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouk Gijbels
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands.,Top Institute Food and Nutrition, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Inez Trouwborst
- Top Institute Food and Nutrition, Wageningen, Netherlands.,Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Kelly M Jardon
- Top Institute Food and Nutrition, Wageningen, Netherlands.,Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Gabby B Hul
- Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Els Siebelink
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Suzanne M Bowser
- Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Dilemin Yildiz
- Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Lisa Wanders
- Top Institute Food and Nutrition, Wageningen, Netherlands.,Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Balázs Erdos
- Top Institute Food and Nutrition, Wageningen, Netherlands.,Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Dick H J Thijssen
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Edith J M Feskens
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Gijs H Goossens
- Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Lydia A Afman
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Ellen E Blaak
- Top Institute Food and Nutrition, Wageningen, Netherlands.,Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands
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24
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Wilson CA, Seed P, Flynn AC, Howard LM, Molyneaux E, Sigurdardottir J, Poston L. Is There an Association Between Diet, Physical Activity and Depressive Symptoms in the Perinatal Period? An Analysis of the UPBEAT Cohort of Obese Pregnant Women. Matern Child Health J 2021; 24:1482-1493. [PMID: 32356130 PMCID: PMC7677286 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-020-02933-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Depression is a common morbidity of the perinatal period (during pregnancy and up to one year postpartum). There is evidence for an association between diet and physical activity, and depression in the non-pregnant population but this association has been relatively less explored during the perinatal period; particularly poorly understood is the relationship between specific dietary components and depression. The aim of this study was to explore the association between glycaemic load, saturated fat intake and physical activity and depressive symptoms in a high-risk population of obese pregnant women. METHODS In a cohort of 1522 women participating in the UPBEAT trial, physical activity, glycaemic load and saturated fat intake were used as predictors of depressive symptoms measured using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Measures taken in early pregnancy were used in linear and logistic regression models. Repeated measures at three points during pregnancy and at six months postpartum were utilised in multilevel mixed effects models. Multiple imputation was used to account for missing data. RESULTS Increased glycaemic load was associated with small increases in levels of depressive symptoms across the perinatal period (adjusted beta coefficient 0.01; 95% CI 0.01,0.02). There was no evidence for an association between reduced physical activity and increased saturated fat intake and increased levels of depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Glycaemic load may be a useful focus for interventions aiming to optimise the mental health of obese women in the perinatal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire A Wilson
- Section of Women's Mental Health, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London and South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, PO31 King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK.
| | - Paul Seed
- Department of Women and Children's Health, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, 10th floor North Wing, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Angela C Flynn
- Department of Women and Children's Health, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, 10th floor North Wing, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Louise M Howard
- Section of Women's Mental Health, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London and South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, PO31 King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Emma Molyneaux
- Section of Women's Mental Health, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London and South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, PO31 King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Julie Sigurdardottir
- Department of Women and Children's Health, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, 10th floor North Wing, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Lucilla Poston
- Department of Women and Children's Health, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, 10th floor North Wing, London, SE1 7EH, UK
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25
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Patsalos O, Keeler J, Schmidt U, Penninx BWJH, Young AH, Himmerich H. Diet, Obesity, and Depression: A Systematic Review. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11030176. [PMID: 33802480 PMCID: PMC7999659 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11030176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity and depression co-occur in a significant proportion of the population. Mechanisms linking the two disorders include the immune and the endocrine system, psychological and social mechanisms. The aim of this systematic review was to ascertain whether weight loss through dietary interventions has the additional effect of ameliorating depressive symptoms in obese patients. METHODS We systematically searched three databases (Pubmed, Medline, Embase) for longitudinal clinical trials testing a dietary intervention in people with obesity and depression or symptoms of depression. RESULTS Twenty-four longitudinal clinical studies met the eligibility criteria with a total of 3244 included patients. Seventeen studies examined the effects of calorie-restricted diets and eight studies examined dietary supplements (two studies examined both). Only three studies examined people with a diagnosis of both obesity and depression. The majority of studies showed that interventions using a calorie-restricted diet resulted in decreases in depression scores, with effect sizes between ≈0.2 and ≈0.6. The results were less clear for dietary supplements. CONCLUSIONS People with obesity and depression appear to be a specific subgroup of depressed patients in which calorie-restricted diets might constitute a promising personalized treatment approach. The reduction of depressive symptoms may be related to immunoendocrine and psychosocial mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Patsalos
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK; (O.P.); (J.K.); (U.S.); (A.H.Y.)
| | - Johanna Keeler
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK; (O.P.); (J.K.); (U.S.); (A.H.Y.)
| | - Ulrike Schmidt
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK; (O.P.); (J.K.); (U.S.); (A.H.Y.)
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 8AZ, UK
| | - Brenda W. J. H. Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Allan H. Young
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK; (O.P.); (J.K.); (U.S.); (A.H.Y.)
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 8AZ, UK
| | - Hubertus Himmerich
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK; (O.P.); (J.K.); (U.S.); (A.H.Y.)
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 8AZ, UK
- Correspondence:
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26
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Kris-Etherton PM, Petersen KS, Hibbeln JR, Hurley D, Kolick V, Peoples S, Rodriguez N, Woodward-Lopez G. Nutrition and behavioral health disorders: depression and anxiety. Nutr Rev 2021; 79:247-260. [PMID: 32447382 PMCID: PMC8453603 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuaa025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Suboptimal nutrition has been implicated in the underlying pathology of behavioral health disorders and may impede treatment and recovery. Thus, optimizing nutritional status should be a treatment for these disorders and is likely important for prevention. The purpose of this narrative review is to describe the global burden and features of depression and anxiety, and summarize recent evidence regarding the role of diet and nutrition in the prevention and management of depression and anxiety. Current evidence suggests that healthy eating patterns that meet food-based dietary recommendations and nutrient requirements may assist in the prevention and treatment of depression and anxiety. Randomized controlled trials are needed to better understand how diet and nutrition-related biological mechanisms affect behavioral health disorders, to assist with the development of effective evidence-based nutrition interventions, to reduce the impact of these disorders, and promote well-being for affected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penny M Kris-Etherton
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kristina S Petersen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Joseph R Hibbeln
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Valerie Kolick
- Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Sevetra Peoples
- Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Nancy Rodriguez
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Gail Woodward-Lopez
- Nutrition Policy Institute, University of California, Agriculture and Natural Resources, Berkeley, California, USA
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27
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Werneck AO, Schuch FB, Stubbs B, Oyeyemi AL, Szwarcwald CL, Vancampfort D, Silva DR. Independent and combined associations of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption, TV viewing, and physical activity with severe depressive symptoms among 59,402 adults. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 43:574-583. [PMID: 33331496 PMCID: PMC8639020 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2020-1073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Our aim was to analyze the association between sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and depressive symptoms, as well as the extent to which TV viewing and physical activity moderate this association. Methods: We used cross-sectional data from the 2013 Brazilian National Survey (Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde) of 59,402 adults (33,482 women, mean age = 42.9 years, 95%CI 42.7-43.2 years). Depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), physical activity, TV viewing, and sugar-sweetened beverage consumption, as well as potential confounders (chronological age, ethnicity, consumption of candy/sweets and fruit, multimorbidity, education, and employment status) were self-reported. Poisson regression models were used for association analyses. Results: The consumption of 16 or more glasses/week of sugar-sweetened beverages was associated with higher levels of severe depressive symptoms among women compared to no consumption (prevalence ratio [PR] 1.71 [95%CI 1.38-2.11]). Consistent interactions were observed between 1-5 glasses and TV viewing (PR 2.09 [95%CI 1.06-4.12]) and between 11-15 glasses and TV viewing (PR 2.90 [95%CI 1.29-6.50]) among men compared to no consumption, given that the co-occurrence of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and elevated TV viewing was associated with higher odds of severe depressive symptoms. Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption did not interact with physical activity, only presenting an independent association. Conclusion: Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption was independently associated with severe depressive symptoms among women and interacted with TV viewing, but not with physical activity among men.
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Affiliation(s)
- André O Werneck
- Departamento de Nutrição, Escola de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Felipe B Schuch
- Departamento de Métodos e Técnicas Desportivas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Brendon Stubbs
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,South London Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Adewale L Oyeyemi
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria
| | - Célia L Szwarcwald
- Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde (ICICT), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Davy Vancampfort
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Danilo R Silva
- Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS), São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
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28
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Hoirisch-Clapauch S, Brenner B. The role of the fibrinolytic system in female reproductive disorders and depression. THROMBOSIS UPDATE 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tru.2020.100004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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29
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Feasibility of improving dietary quality using a telehealth lifestyle intervention for adults with multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2020; 46:102504. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2020.102504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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30
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Ugartemendia L, Bravo R, Castaño MY, Cubero J, Zamoscik V, Kirsch P, Rodríguez AB, Reuter M. "Influence of diet on mood and social cognition: a pilot study". Food Funct 2020; 11:8320-8330. [PMID: 32910112 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00620c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Recently, a relationship has been observed between nutrition and social cognition. In this aspect, several dietary patterns, or even some probiotics, have been reported as social cognition modulators. However, to date, no studies have reported the effects of specific nutrients. Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between dietary macronutrients and the processing of social and affective information. Participants were undergraduates from the University of Extremadura (Badajoz, Spain) aged 21.3 ± 2.9 years., with a BMI of 22.8 ± 3.9 (kg m-2). The students' social cognition and diet were analysed through questionnaires and a dietary record. The diets were analysed with DIAL v.1.18® software (Alce Ingeniería®). The participants filled out the WHO-5 well-being index, Beck's anxiety inventory, Beck's depression inventory, ruminative response scale (RSS), Leiden index of depression sensitivity (LEIDS-r), empathy quotient (EQ), and interpersonal reactivity index (IRI). To analyse the data, nutrients were grouped through principal component analysis (PCA) into lipids, carbohydrates and proteins. Additionally, we assayed if these principal components were associated with psychological questionnaire scores using multiple linear regression analyses. The dietary pattern differed from the traditional Mediterranean diet due to high intake of proteins and saturated fatty acids. Regarding social cognition and macronutrients, we found a positive association between lipids, specifically cholesterol, and the Perspective-Taking Scale (an IRI component). Carbohydrates influenced the RSS, indicating that complex carbohydrates may be a risk factor for depression. Moreover, the brooding factor, a component of the RRS, was negatively affected by dietary carbohydrates and proteins, specifically by fiber and aspartate. Diet may influence several variables related to social cognition and mood. Particularly, a low-cholesterol diet rich in fiber, complex carbohydrates, and aspartate apparently provides benefits, improving the processing of social and affective information and psychic well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ugartemendia
- Chrononutrition Laboratory, Neuroimmunephysiology & Chrononutrition Research Group, Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain.
| | - R Bravo
- Chrononutrition Laboratory, Neuroimmunephysiology & Chrononutrition Research Group, Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain.
| | - M Y Castaño
- Chrononutrition Laboratory, Neuroimmunephysiology & Chrononutrition Research Group, Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain.
| | - J Cubero
- Health Education Lab, Experimental Science Education Area, University of Extremadura, Spain
| | - V Zamoscik
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - P Kirsch
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - A B Rodríguez
- Chrononutrition Laboratory, Neuroimmunephysiology & Chrononutrition Research Group, Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain.
| | - M Reuter
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Department of Psychology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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31
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Khodabakhshi A, Seyfried TN, Kalamian M, Beheshti M, Davoodi SH. Does a ketogenic diet have beneficial effects on quality of life, physical activity or biomarkers in patients with breast cancer: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Nutr J 2020; 19:87. [PMID: 32828130 PMCID: PMC7443288 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-020-00596-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Despite recent interest in the use of ketogenic diets (KDs) for cancer, evidence of beneficial effects is lacking. This study examined the impact of a randomly assigned KD on quality of life, physical activity and biomarkers in patients with breast cancer. Method A total of 80 patients with locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer and without a history of renal disease or diabetes were randomly assigned to either a KD or a control group for this 12-week trial. Concurrent with the first, third, and fifth chemotherapy sessions, quality of life, physical activity, and biomarkers (thyroid function tests, electrolytes, albumin, ammonia, ALP, lactate and serum ketones) were assessed. Dietary intake was also recorded on admission and the end of the treatment. Results No significant differences were seen in quality of life or physical activity scores between the two groups after 12 weeks; however, the KD group showed higher global quality of life and physical activity scores compared to the control group at 6 weeks (P = 0.02 P = 0.01). Also, serum lactate and ALP levels decreased significantly in the KD group compared to the control group at the end of the intervention (10.7 ± 3 vs 13.3 ± 4, 149 ± 71 vs 240 ± 164, P = 0.02 and P = 0.007, respectively). A significant inverse association was observed between total carbohydrate intake and serum beta-hydroxybutyrate at 12 weeks (r = − 0.77 P < 0.001). No significant differences between groups were observed in thyroid hormones, electrolytes, albumin, LDH or ammonia. Compliance among KD subjects ranged from 66.7 to 79.2% as assessed by dietary intake and serum ketones levels of > 0.5. Conclusion According to our results, besides a higher global quality of life and physical activity scores compared to the control group at 6 weeks, KD diet combined to chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer does not bring additional benefit about quality of life and physical activity at 12 weeks. However, decreases seen in levels of lactate and ALP in the KD group suggest that a KD may benefit patients with breast cancer. Trial registration This trial has been registered on Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT) under the identification code: IRCT20171105037259N2 https://www.irct.ir/trial/30755
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeleh Khodabakhshi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | | | - Maryam Beheshti
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Mofid children's hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sayed Hossein Davoodi
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Souto TDS, Nakao FSN, Giriko CÁ, Dias CT, Cheberle AIDP, Lambertucci RH, Mendes-da-Silva C. Lard-rich and canola oil-rich high-fat diets during pregnancy promote rats’ offspring neurodevelopmental delay and behavioral disorders. Physiol Behav 2020; 213:112722. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.112722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Navarro SL, Tarkhan A, Shojaie A, Randolph TW, Gu H, Djukovic D, Osterbauer KJ, Hullar MA, Kratz M, Neuhouser ML, Lampe PD, Raftery D, Lampe JW. Plasma metabolomics profiles suggest beneficial effects of a low-glycemic load dietary pattern on inflammation and energy metabolism. Am J Clin Nutr 2019; 110:984-992. [PMID: 31432072 PMCID: PMC6766441 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low-glycemic load dietary patterns, characterized by consumption of whole grains, legumes, fruits, and vegetables, are associated with reduced risk of several chronic diseases. METHODS Using samples from a randomized, controlled, crossover feeding trial, we evaluated the effects on metabolic profiles of a low-glycemic whole-grain dietary pattern (WG) compared with a dietary pattern high in refined grains and added sugars (RG) for 28 d. LC-MS-based targeted metabolomics analysis was performed on fasting plasma samples from 80 healthy participants (n = 40 men, n = 40 women) aged 18-45 y. Linear mixed models were used to evaluate differences in response between diets for individual metabolites. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG)-defined pathways and 2 novel data-driven analyses were conducted to consider differences at the pathway level. RESULTS There were 121 metabolites with detectable signal in >98% of all plasma samples. Eighteen metabolites were significantly different between diets at day 28 [false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05]. Inositol, hydroxyphenylpyruvate, citrulline, ornithine, 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid, glutamine, and oxaloacetate were higher after the WG diet than after the RG diet, whereas melatonin, betaine, creatine, acetylcholine, aspartate, hydroxyproline, methylhistidine, tryptophan, cystamine, carnitine, and trimethylamine were lower. Analyses using KEGG-defined pathways revealed statistically significant differences in tryptophan metabolism between diets, with kynurenine and melatonin positively associated with serum C-reactive protein concentrations. Novel data-driven methods at the metabolite and network levels found correlations among metabolites involved in branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) degradation, trimethylamine-N-oxide production, and β oxidation of fatty acids (FDR < 0.1) that differed between diets, with more favorable metabolic profiles detected after the WG diet. Higher BCAAs and trimethylamine were positively associated with homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance. CONCLUSIONS These exploratory metabolomics results support beneficial effects of a low-glycemic load dietary pattern characterized by whole grains, legumes, fruits, and vegetables, compared with a diet high in refined grains and added sugars on inflammation and energy metabolism pathways. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00622661.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandi L Navarro
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA,Address correspondence to SLN (e-mail: )
| | - Aliasghar Tarkhan
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ali Shojaie
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA,Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Timothy W Randolph
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Haiwei Gu
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Danijel Djukovic
- Northwest Metabolomics Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Katie J Osterbauer
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Meredith A Hullar
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mario Kratz
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marian L Neuhouser
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Paul D Lampe
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Daniel Raftery
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA,Northwest Metabolomics Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Johanna W Lampe
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
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Garrison CB, Zhang Y, Navarro SL, Randolph TW, Hullar MAJ, Kratz M, Neuhouser ML, Raftery D, Lampe PD, Lampe JW. Proteomic Analysis of Plasma Reveals Fat Mass Influences Cancer-Related Pathways in Healthy Humans Fed Controlled Diets Differing in Glycemic Load. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2019; 12:567-578. [PMID: 31266826 PMCID: PMC6726515 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-19-0175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Increased adiposity and diets high in glycemic load (GL) are associated with increased risk of many chronic diseases including cancer. Using plasma from 80 healthy individuals [40 men/40 women, 29 with DXA-derived low fat mass (FM) and 51 with high FM] in a randomized cross-over-controlled feeding trial and arrays populated with 3,504 antibodies, we measured plasma proteins collected at baseline and end of each of two 28-day controlled diets: a low GL diet high in whole grains, legumes, fruits, and vegetables (WG) and a high GL diet high in refined grains and added sugars (RG). Following univariate testing for proteins differing by diet, we evaluated pathway-level involvement. Among all 80 participants, 172 proteins were identified as differing between diets. Stratifying participants by high and low FM identified 221 and 266 proteins, respectively, as differing between diets (unadjusted P < 0.05). These candidate proteins were tested for overrepresentation in Reactome pathways, corresponding to 142 (of 291) pathways in the high-FM group and 72 (of 274) pathways in the low-FM group. We observed that the cancer-related pathways, DNA Repair, DNA Replication, and Cell Cycle, were overrepresented in the high-FM participants while pathways involved in post-translational protein modification were overrepresented in participants with either FM. Although high-GL diets are associated with increased risk of some cancers, our study further suggests that biology associated with consumption of GL diets is variable depending on an individual's adiposity and dietary recommendations related to cancer prevention be made with the additional consideration of an individual's FM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly B Garrison
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Yuzheng Zhang
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Sandi L Navarro
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Timothy W Randolph
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Meredith A J Hullar
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Mario Kratz
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Marian L Neuhouser
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Daniel Raftery
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Northwest Metabolomics Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Paul D Lampe
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Johanna W Lampe
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.
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Gletsu-Miller N, Shevni N, Manatunga A, Lin E, Musselman D. A multidimensional analysis of the longitudinal effects of roux en y gastric bypass on fatigue: An association with visceral obesity. Physiol Behav 2019; 209:112612. [PMID: 31299372 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.112612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Severe obesity is associated with fatigue, however, the effects of weight loss after bariatric surgery on particular dimensions of fatigue are unknown. In a secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study of women undergoing roux-en-y gastric bypass (RYGB) we explored relationships among multiple dimensions of fatigue and improving adiposity, insulin resistance and inflammation. METHODS Before, and 1 and 6 months after RYBG, dimensions of fatigue were assessed using the validated, self-report, Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory. Total, abdominal visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) adiposity, insulin sensitivity (Si and HOMA) and plasma concentrations of leptin, C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (Il-6) were measured using air displacement plethysmography, computed tomography, glucose tolerance testing and enzyme-linked immunoassay. Associations were assessed using Spearman correlations and linear regression. RESULTS At baseline, the majority of our female participants (N = 19, body mass index, 46.5 kg/m2, age 37.2 years) were experiencing elevated levels of fatigue. By 6 months, dimensions of physical (-43%), reduced activity (-43%), reduced motivation (-38%), general (-31%; all p < .005), and mental (-18%, p < .05) fatigue improved, concomitant with decreases in markers of adiposity, inflammation and insulin resistance. The decrease in VAT was associated with improvement in mental fatigue (beta, 0.447 ± 0.203, p = .045), independent of other indices of adiposity, IL-6 concentrations, or Si. CONCLUSIONS In the 6 months after RYGB, fatigue improved, especially physical fatigue. Decreases in mental fatigue were strongly associated with decreases in visceral adiposity. Nevertheless, the biologic mechanisms underlying changes in these specific fatigue dimensions remain undetermined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Gletsu-Miller
- Department of Applied Health Science, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA.
| | - Neeta Shevni
- Emory University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Amita Manatunga
- Emory University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Edward Lin
- Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Dominique Musselman
- University of Miami Leonard H. Miller School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Miami, FL, USA
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Abstract
Diet is a daily activity that has a dramatic impact on health. There is much confusion in society, including among medical professionals, about what constitutes a healthy diet. Many reviews focus on one aspect of healthy dietary practices, but few synthesize this data to form more comprehensive recommendations. This article will critically review and holistically synthesize the data on diet with firm morbidity and mortality endpoints derived from three key, high quality studies, which are further supported with several additional articles. Specific recommendations of types and quantities of food to reduce the risk of heart disease and stroke will be provided. The effect of these diets on cancer and mood disorders as covered in the articles reviewed will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Kandel
- Internal Medicine, University of Connecticut, New Britain, USA
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It is time to investigate integrative approaches to enhance treatment outcomes for depression? Med Hypotheses 2019; 126:82-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Arab A, Mehrabani S, Moradi S, Amani R. The association between diet and mood: A systematic review of current literature. Psychiatry Res 2019; 271:428-437. [PMID: 30537665 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A number of studies have examined the association between diet and mood state, but the findings have been inconclusive. Herein, we conducted a systematic review to assess the association between different diet and mood state. PubMed, Cochrane's library, Science direct, Scopus, Google scholar and ISI web of science databases were searched for all available literature until December 2017 for studies assessing the association between diet and mood state. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and Jadad scale for reporting randomized clinical trials were used to assess study quality. A total of 18 studies out of 2857 met our inclusion criteria and included in our systematic review. Although there are not consistent findings between studies, it seems that DASH, vegetable-based, glycemic load-based, ketogenic and Paleo diets could improve mood more than the others. Further studies are needed to assess such relationship in a longer period to draw a firm link between diet and mood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arman Arab
- Students' Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sanaz Mehrabani
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sajjad Moradi
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran; Nutritional Sciences Department, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Reza Amani
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Favorable Effects of a Ketogenic Diet on Physical Function, Perceived Energy, and Food Cravings in Women with Ovarian or Endometrial Cancer: A Randomized, Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10091187. [PMID: 30200193 PMCID: PMC6163837 DOI: 10.3390/nu10091187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ketogenic diets (KDs) are gaining attention as a potential adjuvant therapy for cancer, but data are limited for KDs’ effects on quality of life. We hypothesized that the KD would (1) improve mental and physical function, including energy levels, (2) reduce hunger, and (3) diminish sweet and starchy food cravings in women with ovarian or endometrial cancer. Participants were randomized to a KD (70:25:5 energy from fat, protein, and carbohydrate) or the American Cancer Society diet (ACS: high-fiber, lower-fat). Questionnaires were administered at baseline and after 12 weeks on the assigned diet to assess changes in mental and physical health, perceived energy, appetite, and food cravings. We assessed both between-group differences and within-group changes using ANCOVA and paired t-tests, respectively. After 12 weeks, there was a significant between-group difference in adjusted physical function scores (p < 0.05), and KD participants not receiving chemotherapy reported a significant within-group reduction in fatigue (p < 0.05). There were no significant between-group differences in mental function, hunger, or appetite. There was a significant between-group difference in adjusted cravings for starchy foods and fast food fats at 12 weeks (p < 0.05 for both), with the KD group demonstrating less frequent cravings than the ACS. In conclusion, in women with ovarian or endometrial cancer, a KD does not negatively affect quality of life and in fact may improve physical function, increase energy, and diminish specific food cravings. This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT03171506.
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40
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Salari-Moghaddam A, Saneei P, Larijani B, Esmaillzadeh A. Glycemic index, glycemic load, and depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Nutr 2018; 73:356-365. [PMID: 30054563 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-018-0258-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Although several studies have investigated the association between dietary Glycemic Index (GI), glycemic load (GL) and depression, results are inconsistent. This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to summarize earlier evidence on the association between dietary GI, GL, and depression. SUBJECTS/METHODS We searched in PubMed/Medline, ISI Web of Knowledge, Scopus, EMBASE, and Google Scholar to identify related articles published until April 2018. Publications that fulfilled the following criteria were included in the current study: (1) publications with participants aged ≥ 18 years; (2) studies that considered GI or GL as the exposure; (3) studies that considered depression as the main outcome or as one of the outcomes; and (4) publications in which odds ratios (ORs) or mean difference were reported as the effect size. Finally, 11 studies, including 6 cross-sectional studies, 2 cohort studies, and 3 clinical trials were considered for inclusion in the systematic review, and 5 cross-sectional studies, 2 cohort studies, and 2 clinical trials (out of 11 studies included in the systematic review) were included in the meta-analysis. The quality of cross-sectional and cohort studies examined by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) and the quality of clinical trials examined using Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias tool. We also assessed the quality of evidence with the GRADE system. RESULTS Sample sizes of the included cross-sectional studies ranged from 140 to 87,618 participants, and in total 101,389 participants were included in 6 studies. In total, 85,500 participants were included in 2 cohort studies. Sample sizes of the included clinical trials ranged from 40 to 82 participants, and in total 164 participants were included in three studies. Combining seven effect sizes from five cross-sectional studies, no significant association was observed between dietary GI and odds of depression (OR: 1.01; 95% CI: 0.94, 1.08; I2 = 80.2%; n = 5). We also failed to find any significant association between dietary GL and odds of depression (OR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.84, 1.04; I2 = 42%; n = 5). Combining two effects sizes from two cohort studies, there was a significant positive association between dietary GI and depression (HR: 1.13; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.25; I2 = 86.1%, n = 2). In addition, combining two effect sizes from two clinical trials, we found a significant change in depression score after consumption of a high-GL diet (weighted mean difference (WMD): 0.66; 95% CI: 0.28, 1.04; I2 = 0.0%, n = 2). CONCLUSIONS Summarizing earlier findings, we found no significant association between either dietary GI or GL and odds of depression in cross-sectional studies. However, a significant positive association was observed between dietary GI and depression in cohort studies. In addition, a significant effect of a high-GL diet consumption on risk of depression was seen in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Salari-Moghaddam
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvane Saneei
- Department of Community Nutrition, Food Security Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Stress, anger and Mediterranean diet as predictors of metabolic syndrome. Med Clin (Barc) 2018; 151:59-64. [PMID: 29096965 DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2017.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic conditions that include abdominal obesity, reduction in cholesterol concentrations linked to high density lipoproteins (HLDc), elevated triglycerides, increased blood pressure and hyperglycaemia. Given that this is a multicausal disease, the aim of this study is to identify the psychological, emotional and lifestyle variables that can have an influence on the different MetS components. PATIENTS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study with 103 patients with diagnostic criteria for MetS (47 male and 56 female). Anthropometric, clinical and analytical measurements were collected to assess the variables associated with MetS. The main psychological and emotional variables were also assessed. RESULTS Different multiple linear regression tests were performed to identify which variables were predictive of MetS. The dependent variables were body mass index (BMI), abdominal circumference, HDLc, and quality of life, and the predictive variables were psychological stress, anger and adherence to a Mediterranean diet. The results showed that psychological stress was a predictor of quality of life (β=-0.55, P≤0). Similarly, anger was a predictor of BMI (β=0.23, P=.047) and abdominal circumference (β=0.27, P=.021). As expected, adherence to a Mediterranean diet was a predictor of HDLc (β=0.2, P=.045) and of quality of life (β=-0.18, P=.031). CONCLUSIONS The results confirm a link between adherence to certain dietary habits and lifestyle, however they go one step further and show the importance of psychological and emotional factors like psychological stress and anger in some MetS components.
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Taylor AM, Holscher HD. A review of dietary and microbial connections to depression, anxiety, and stress. Nutr Neurosci 2018; 23:237-250. [PMID: 29985786 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2018.1493808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Pre-clinical evidence suggests that the gastrointestinal microbiota contributes to mood and behavior disorders. Among humans, diet quality and patterns, which also impact the gastrointestinal microbiota, have been linked to depression, anxiety, and stress. This review summarizes findings from clinical studies using dietary intervention to improve depression, anxiety, or stress and the role the gastrointestinal microbiota may have in these disorders.Methods: A literature search was conducted using the keywords microbiome, microbiota, depression, anxiety, stress, diet, dietary pattern, diet quality, fiber, prebiotics, probiotics, and mood.Results: Mood was improved by enhancing diet quality. Fructooligosaccharide and galactooligosaccharide improved anxiety and depression in participants consuming ≥ 5 g/day. Additionally, bifidobacteria were enriched in subjects consuming ≥ 5 g/day. Probiotic consumption improved psychological or biological measures of depression, anxiety, or stress in individuals predisposed to a mood disorder. Probiotics suppressed biological markers of stress in healthy individuals in a strain-dependent manner.Discussion: High-quality diets, prebiotics, and probiotics may beneficially affect mood. Habitual diets rich in dietary fiber and omega-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids may be linked to reduced risk of developing symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress; however, additional studies are necessary. Certain probiotics may enhance mood, but their influence on the gastrointestinal microbiota requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M Taylor
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Hannah D Holscher
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA.,Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
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Salari-Moghaddam A, Larijani B, Esmaillzadeh A. Review of earlier evidence on dietary glycemic index and load and depression needs further attention. Eur J Nutr 2018; 57:2341-2342. [PMID: 29959515 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-018-1765-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Asma Salari-Moghaddam
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran.
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Eudave DM, BeLow MN, Flandreau EI. Effects of high fat or high sucrose diet on behavioral-response to social defeat stress in mice. Neurobiol Stress 2018; 9:1-8. [PMID: 30003122 PMCID: PMC6041201 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress increases risk for psychopathology, and diet may moderate the impact of stress on mental health. A “Western” diet has been linked to psychopathology in humans; animal studies also show that diet can influence negative valence behavior in the presence or absence of stress, but findings are inconsistent. Contradictions in existing studies may result from differences in macronutrient content of diets and presence of metabolic syndrome. The present study exposed mice to 10 days of high fat or high sucrose diet concurrent with social defeat stress exposure and examined negative valence behavior at acute (<five days) and long-term (>30 days) time points after stress/diet exposure. Predictably, stress increased negative valence behavior in the social interaction, open field, elevated zero maze, and tail suspension tests at the acute time point. While most stress-induced behaviors normalized after the 30-day recovery period, social avoidance was still highly significant for stress-exposed mice, supporting the hypothesis that avoidance of a trauma-related cue persists beyond non-specific anxiety-like behaviors. Supporting the hypothesis that an unhealthy diet contributes to psychopathology, non-stressed mice fed high fat or high sucrose diets spent less time exploring the center of the open field. This effect was no longer present after a 30-day recovery. Intriguingly, mice previously fed either high fat or high sucrose diets exhibited increased rearing behavior in the elevated zero maze 30 days post stress and diet exposure. This finding could be evidence that short-term diet administration can initiate a long-term increase in risk-assessment behavior. Social stress increased negative valence in short-term behavioral tests. Social avoidance persisted for stress exposed mice thirty days post stress exposure. Unhealthy diet decreased exploration in the center of the open field. Non-stress, control diet mice had the least anxiety-like behavior in open field. Unhealthy diets increased rearing behavior 30 days post stress exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deseree M Eudave
- Grand Valley State University, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI 49401, United States
| | - McKenna N BeLow
- Grand Valley State University, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI 49401, United States
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Sanchez-Villegas A, Zazpe I, Santiago S, Perez-Cornago A, Martinez-Gonzalez MA, Lahortiga-Ramos F. Added sugars and sugar-sweetened beverage consumption, dietary carbohydrate index and depression risk in the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) Project. Br J Nutr 2018; 119:211-221. [PMID: 29268815 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114517003361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The association between added sugars or sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and the risk of depression, as well as the role of carbohydrate quality in depression risk, remains unclear. Among 15 546 Spanish university graduates from the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) prospective cohort study, diet was assessed with a validated 136-item semi-quantitative FFQ at baseline and at 10-year follow-up. Cumulative average consumption of added sugars, sweetened drinks and an overall carbohydrate quality index (CQI) were calculated. A better CQI was associated with higher whole-grain consumption and fibre intake and lower glycaemic index and consumption of solid (instead of liquid) carbohydrates. Clinical diagnoses of depression during follow-up were classified as incident cases. Multivariable time-dependent Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) of depression according to consumption of added sugars, sweetened drinks and CQI. We observed 769 incident cases of depression. Participants in the highest quartile of added sugars consumption showed a significant increment in the risk of depression (HR=1·35; 95 % CI 1·09, 1·67, P=0·034), whereas those in the highest quartile of CQI (upper quartile of the CQI) showed a relative risk reduction of 30 % compared with those in the lowest quartile of the CQI (HR=0·70; 95 % CI 0·56, 0·88). No significant association between sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and depression risk was found. Higher added sugars and lower quality of carbohydrate consumption were associated with depression risk in the SUN Cohort. Further studies are necessary to confirm the reported results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Almudena Sanchez-Villegas
- 1Nutrition Research Group,Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences,University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria,Dr. Pasteur s/n, Trasera Hospital Insular, CP 35016, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria,Spain
| | - Itziar Zazpe
- 3Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences and Physiology,University of Navarra,Irunlarrea s/n,31008 Pamplona,Spain
| | - Susana Santiago
- 3Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences and Physiology,University of Navarra,Irunlarrea s/n,31008 Pamplona,Spain
| | - Aurora Perez-Cornago
- 4Cancer Epidemiology Unit,Nuffield Department of Population Health,University of Oxford,Oxford OX3 7LF,UK
| | - Miguel A Martinez-Gonzalez
- 2Ciber de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBER OBN),Instituto de Salud Carlos III,28029 Madrid,Spain
| | - Francisca Lahortiga-Ramos
- 7Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology,University Clinic of Navarra,Pío XII 36, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra,Spain
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Bhat ZF, Morton JD, Mason S, Bekhit AEDA, Bhat HF. Obesity and neurological disorders: Dietary perspective of a global menace. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 59:1294-1310. [PMID: 29257910 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2017.1404442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is considered a major public health concern throughout the world among children, adolescents, as well as adults and several therapeutic, preventive and dietary interventions are available. In addition to life style changes and medical interventions, significant milestones have been achieved in the past decades in the development of several functional foods and dietary regimens to reduce this menace. Being a multifactorial phenomenon and related to increased fat mass that adversely affects health, obesity has been associated with the development of several other co-morbidities. A great body of research and strong scientific evidence identifies obesity as an important risk factor for onset and progression of several neurological disorders. Obesity induced dyslipidaemia, metabolic dysfunction, and inflammation are attributable to the development of a variety of effects on central nervous system (CNS). Evidence suggests that neurological diseases such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease could be initiated by various metabolic changes, related to CNS damage, caused by obesity. These metabolic changes could alter the synaptic plasticity of the neurons and lead to neural death, affecting the normal physiology of CNS. Dietary intervention in combination with exercise can affect the molecular events involved in energy metabolism and synaptic plasticity and are considered effective non-invasive strategy to counteract cognitive and neurological disorders. The present review gives an overview of the obesity and related neurological disorders and the possible dietary interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuhaib F Bhat
- a Lincoln University Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Wine Food and Molecular Biosciences , Lincoln , Canterbury , New Zealand
| | - James D Morton
- a Lincoln University Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Wine Food and Molecular Biosciences , Lincoln , Canterbury , New Zealand
| | - Sue Mason
- a Lincoln University Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Wine Food and Molecular Biosciences , Lincoln , Canterbury , New Zealand
| | | | - Hina Fayaz Bhat
- c Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir , Srinagar , India
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