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Mallikarachchi KEP, Bandara KRV, Weerasekera MM, Nugara RN, Undugoda LJS, Manage PM. Aromatase (CYP19) gene as a biomarker for detection of naphthalene and phenanthrene in Colombo to Mirissa coastal water in Sri Lanka. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 201:116187. [PMID: 38412796 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Naphthalene (NAP) and phenanthrene (PHE) are prevalent Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the environment. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis was performed on marine water samples (n = 57) collected from 19 locations. Molecular screening of the aromatase (CYP19) gene expression was examined using quantitative Reverse Transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR). The findings of the study showed a significant range of naphthalene concentrations along the coastline, spanning from 1.70 to 15.05 mg/L, where phenanthrene concentrations varied from undetectable to a maximum of 5.36 mg/L. The relative expression of the CYP19 gene ranged from 0.5 to 13.9 in the sampling sites. The ANOVA analysis showed a significant positive correlation (p < 0.05) between the concentrations of PAHs and CYP19 gene expression. The study concluded that the CYP19 gene could be useful in detecting contaminants such as naphthalene and phenanthrene in water. This study may help develop effective strategies to detect and mitigate PAH pollution in coastal areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- K E P Mallikarachchi
- Centre for Water Quality and Algae Research, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka
| | - K R V Bandara
- Centre for Water Quality and Algae Research, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka; Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka
| | - M M Weerasekera
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka
| | - R N Nugara
- Department of Biosystems Technology, Faculty of Technology, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Pitipana, Homagama, Sri Lanka
| | - L J S Undugoda
- Department of Biosystems Technology, Faculty of Technology, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Pitipana, Homagama, Sri Lanka
| | - P M Manage
- Centre for Water Quality and Algae Research, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka; Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka.
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2
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Arcanjo C, Trémolet G, Duflot A, Giusti-Petrucciani N, Coulaud R, Xuereb B, Forget-Leray J, Boulangé-Lecomte C. The copepod Eurytemora affinis as a relevant species to assess estuarine sediment toxicity: Effects on gene expression and swimming behavior. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 336:122482. [PMID: 37660773 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Compared to freshwater ecosystems, the health status of estuarine waters remains little studied despite their importance for many species. They represent a zone of interest for Human settlements that make them the final sink of pollution in both the water column and sediment. Once in sediments, pollutants could represent a threat to benthic as well as pelagic estuarine species through resuspension events. In the Seine estuary, the copepod Eurytemora affinis has been previously presented as a relevant species to assess resuspended sediment contamination through fitness-related effects at the individual level. The aim of the present study was to use E. affinis copepods to assess estuarine sediment-derived elutriates toxicity at environmental concentrations of particles using a molecular (i.e. transcriptomics) and a behavioral approach. Two sites along the Seine estuary were sampled. The analysis of sediments reveals that both sites have the same granulometric composition and close contamination profiles with the detection of PCBs, PAHs and pyrethroid insecticides. The transcriptomic analysis reveals that exposure to elutriates from both sites triggers the dysregulation of genes involved in biological function as defense response, immunity, ecdysone pathway or neurotoxicity with 66% and 36% of shared genes at the highest concentration for Tancarville and Fatouville. This analysis also reveals a higher count of dysregulated genes in the Fatouville site compared to the Tancarville (271 vs 148) despite their close contamination profile. These results emphasize the molecular approach sensitivity to assess environmental matrix toxicity with E. affinis. The analysis of the swimming behavior of E. affinis did not highlight significant effects after elutriate exposure. However, our strategy to assess E. affinis swimming behavior allows the discrimination of basal swimming behavior i.e. dark/light velocity changes and strong thigmotaxis behavior. Thus, it represents a promising standardized tool to assess copepods swimming behavior in ecotoxicological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Arcanjo
- Université Le Havre Normandie, Normandie Univ, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Le Havre, F-76600, Le Havre, France
| | - Gauthier Trémolet
- Université Le Havre Normandie, Normandie Univ, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Le Havre, F-76600, Le Havre, France
| | - Aurélie Duflot
- Université Le Havre Normandie, Normandie Univ, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Le Havre, F-76600, Le Havre, France
| | - Nathalie Giusti-Petrucciani
- Université Le Havre Normandie, Normandie Univ, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Le Havre, F-76600, Le Havre, France
| | - Romain Coulaud
- Université Le Havre Normandie, Normandie Univ, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Le Havre, F-76600, Le Havre, France
| | - Benoit Xuereb
- Université Le Havre Normandie, Normandie Univ, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Le Havre, F-76600, Le Havre, France
| | - Joëlle Forget-Leray
- Université Le Havre Normandie, Normandie Univ, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Le Havre, F-76600, Le Havre, France
| | - Céline Boulangé-Lecomte
- Université Le Havre Normandie, Normandie Univ, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Le Havre, F-76600, Le Havre, France.
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3
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Camacho-Jiménez L, González-Ruiz R, Yepiz-Plascencia G. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in marine crustaceans: Bioaccumulation, physiological and cellular responses. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 192:106184. [PMID: 37769555 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are ubiquitous in marine ecosystems. These compounds can be accumulated in water, sediments and organisms, persist in time, and have toxic effects in human and wildlife. POPs can be uptaken and bioaccumulated by crustaceans, affecting different physiological processes, including energy metabolism, immunity, osmoregulation, excretion, growth, and reproduction. Nonetheless, animals have evolved sub-cellular mechanisms for detoxification and protection from chemical stress. POPs induce the activity of enzymes involved in xenobiotic metabolism and antioxidant systems, that in vertebrates are importantly regulated at gene expression (transcriptional) level. However, the activation and control of these enzyme systems upon the exposure to POPs have been scarcely studied in invertebrate species, including crustaceans. Herein, we summarize various aspects of the bioaccumulation of POPs in marine crustaceans and their physiological effects. We specially focus on the regulation of xenobiotics metabolism and antioxidant enzymes as key sub-cellular mechanisms for detoxification and protection from chemical stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Camacho-Jiménez
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C. (CIAD, A.C.), Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas 46, Hermosillo, Sonora, 83304, Mexico.
| | - Ricardo González-Ruiz
- Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A.C. (IPICYT A.C.), Camino a La Presa de San José 2055, San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, 78216, Mexico
| | - Gloria Yepiz-Plascencia
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C. (CIAD, A.C.), Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas 46, Hermosillo, Sonora, 83304, Mexico
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4
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Desplat Y, Warner JF, Blake EJ, Vijayan N, Cuvelier M, Blackwelder P, Lopez JV. Morphological and transcriptional effects of crude oil and dispersant exposure on the marine sponge Cinachyrella alloclada. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 878:162832. [PMID: 36924960 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Marine sponges play important roles in benthic ecosystems. More than providing shelter and food to other species, they help maintain water quality by regulating nitrogen and ammonium levels in the water, and bioaccumulate heavy metals. This system, however, is particularly sensitive to sudden environmental changes including catastrophic pollution event such as oil spills. Hundreds of oil platforms are currently actively extracting oil and gas in the Gulf of Mexico. To test the vulnerability of the benthic ecosystems to oil spills, we utilized the Caribbean reef sponge, Cinachyrella alloclada, as a novel experimental indicator. We have exposed organisms to crude oil and oil dispersant for up to 24 h and measured resultant gene expression changes. Our findings indicate that 1-hour exposure to water accommodated fractions (WAF) was enough to elicit massive shifts in gene expression in sponges and host bacterial communities (8052 differentially expressed transcripts) with the up-regulation of stress related pathways, cancer related pathways, and cell integrity pathways. Genes that were upregulated included heat shock proteins, apoptosis, oncogenes (Rab/Ras, Src, CMYC), and several E3 ubiquitin ligases. 24-hour exposure of chemically enhanced WAF (CE-WAF) had the greatest impact to benthic communities, resulting in mostly downregulation of gene expression (4248 differentially expressed transcripts). Gene deregulation from 1-hour treatments follow this decreasing trend of toxicity: WAF > CE-WAF > Dispersant, while the 24-hour treatment showed a shift to CE-WAF > Dispersant > WAF in our experiments. Thus, this study supports the development of Cinachyrella alloclada as a research model organism and bioindicator species for Florida reefs and underscores the importance of developing more efficient and safer ways to remove oil in the event of a spill catastrophe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvain Desplat
- Halmos College of Arts and Sciences, Nova Southeastern University, Dania Beach, FL 33004, United States of America.
| | - Jacob F Warner
- Department of Biology and Marine Biology, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC 28409, United States of America
| | - Emily J Blake
- Halmos College of Arts and Sciences, Nova Southeastern University, Dania Beach, FL 33004, United States of America
| | - Nidhi Vijayan
- Halmos College of Arts and Sciences, Nova Southeastern University, Dania Beach, FL 33004, United States of America
| | - Marie Cuvelier
- Halmos College of Arts and Sciences, Nova Southeastern University, Dania Beach, FL 33004, United States of America
| | - Patricia Blackwelder
- Halmos College of Arts and Sciences, Nova Southeastern University, Dania Beach, FL 33004, United States of America; UMCAM, Chemistry Department, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33126, United States of America
| | - Jose V Lopez
- Halmos College of Arts and Sciences, Nova Southeastern University, Dania Beach, FL 33004, United States of America
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5
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Picone M, Russo M, Distefano GG, Baccichet M, Marchetto D, Volpi Ghirardini A, Lunde Hermansson A, Petrovic M, Gros M, Garcia E, Giubilato E, Calgaro L, Magnusson K, Granberg M, Marcomini A. Impacts of exhaust gas cleaning systems (EGCS) discharge waters on planktonic biological indicators. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 190:114846. [PMID: 36965268 PMCID: PMC10152311 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Exhaust Gas Cleaning Systems (EGCS), operating in open-loop mode, continuously release acidic effluents (scrubber waters) to marine waters. Furthermore, scrubber waters contain high concentrations of metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and alkylated PAHs, potentially affecting the plankton in the receiving waters. Toxicity tests evidenced significant impairments in planktonic indicators after acute, early-life stage, and long-term exposures to scrubber water produced by a vessel operating with high sulphur fuel. Acute effects on bacterial bioluminescence (Aliivibrio fischeri), algal growth (Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Dunaliella tertiolecta), and copepod survival (Acartia tonsa) were evident at 10 % and 20 % scrubber water, while larval development in mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) showed a 50 % reduction at ∼5 % scrubber water. Conversely, larval development and reproductive success of A. tonsa were severely affected at scrubber water concentrations ≤1.1 %, indicating the risk of severe impacts on copepod populations which in turn may result in impairment of the whole food web.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Picone
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatic, and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University Venice, via Torino 155, 30172 Venezia-Mestre, Italy.
| | - Martina Russo
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatic, and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University Venice, via Torino 155, 30172 Venezia-Mestre, Italy
| | - Gabriele Giuseppe Distefano
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatic, and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University Venice, via Torino 155, 30172 Venezia-Mestre, Italy
| | - Marco Baccichet
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatic, and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University Venice, via Torino 155, 30172 Venezia-Mestre, Italy
| | - Davide Marchetto
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatic, and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University Venice, via Torino 155, 30172 Venezia-Mestre, Italy
| | - Annamaria Volpi Ghirardini
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatic, and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University Venice, via Torino 155, 30172 Venezia-Mestre, Italy
| | - Anna Lunde Hermansson
- Chalmers University of Technology, Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences, Hörselgången 4, 41756 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Mira Petrovic
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), C. Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain; Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Passeig lluís companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Meritxell Gros
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), C. Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain; University of Girona (UDG), Girona, Spain
| | - Elisa Garcia
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), C. Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain; University of Girona (UDG), Girona, Spain
| | - Elisa Giubilato
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatic, and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University Venice, via Torino 155, 30172 Venezia-Mestre, Italy
| | - Loris Calgaro
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatic, and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University Venice, via Torino 155, 30172 Venezia-Mestre, Italy
| | - Kerstin Magnusson
- Swedish Environmental Research Institute (IVL), Kristineberg Marine Research Station, Kristineberg 566, 451 78 Fiskebäckskil, Sweden
| | - Maria Granberg
- Swedish Environmental Research Institute (IVL), Kristineberg Marine Research Station, Kristineberg 566, 451 78 Fiskebäckskil, Sweden
| | - Antonio Marcomini
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatic, and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University Venice, via Torino 155, 30172 Venezia-Mestre, Italy
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6
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Szulińska E, Zakrzewski D, Kafel A, Gospodarek J, Rozpędek K, Zawisza-Raszka A. Level of oxidative stress for the land snail Cepaea nemoralis from aged and bioremediated soil contaminated with petroleum products. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:87218-87230. [PMID: 35804226 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21854-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Here, we investigated whether the widely distributed snail Cepaea nemoralis could be used as a suitable sentinel animal for assessing the effects of soil contaminants-petroleum oil derivatives-after years of soil ageing and treatment with a bacterial formulation. Oxidative stress was assessed in the foot and hepatopancreas of C. nemoralis L. exposed to soil contaminated with unleaded petrol, spent engine oil or diesel oil and bioremediated with a bacterial formulation (soil was used 2 years after contamination and bioremediation process). We measured total antioxidant capacity, catalase and glutathione transferase activity and concentrations of superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide and protein carbonyls in the foot and hepatopancreas of snails after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment. The studied antioxidant responses appeared largely to be tissue and remediation process specific, while the concentrations of superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide and protein carbonyls depended on time of exposure, tissue type and the type of contaminants, but mostly not on the remediation process. Generally, changes in the concentrations of superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide and protein carbonyls in the hepatopancreas of snails seemed to be a suitable measure to assess the risk of animals exposed to soil contaminated with petroleum substances and used after many years of ageing and treatment with a microbial formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dorian Zakrzewski
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Alina Kafel
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Janina Gospodarek
- Department of Microbiology and Biomonitoring, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
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7
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Park JJC, Kim DH, Kim MS, Sayed AEDH, Hagiwara A, Hwang UK, Park HG, Lee JS. Comparative genome analysis of the monogonont marine rotifer Brachionus manjavacas Australian strain: Potential application for ecotoxicology and environmental genomics. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 180:113752. [PMID: 35617743 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This is the first study to analyze the whole-genome sequence of B. manjavacas Australian (Aus.) strain through combination of Oxford Nanopore long-read seq, resulting in a total length of 108.1 Mb and 75 contigs. Genome-wide detoxification related gene families in B. manjavacas Aus. strain were comparatively analyzed with those previously identified in other Brachionus spp., including B. manjavacas German (Ger.) strain. Most of the subfamilies in detoxification related families (CYPs, GSTs, and ABCs) were highly conserved and confirmed orthologous relationship with Brachionus spp., and with accumulation of genome data, clear differences between genomic repertoires were demonstrated the marine and the freshwater species. Furthermore, strain-specific genetic variations were present between the Aus. and Ger. strains of B. manjavacas. This whole-genome analysis provides in-depth review on the genomic structural differences for detoxification-related gene families and further provides useful information for comparative ecotoxicological studies and evolution of detoxification mechanisms in Brachionus spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Jun Chul Park
- Département des Sciences, Université Sainte-Anne, Church Point, NS B0W 1M0, Canada
| | - Duck-Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Min-Sub Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Alaa El-Din H Sayed
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt
| | - Atsushi Hagiwara
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Un-Ki Hwang
- Marine Environment Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, South Korea
| | - Heum Gi Park
- Department of Marine Ecology and Environment, College of Life Sciences, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, South Korea.
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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Han J, Park Y, Jeong H, Park JC. Effects of particulate matter (PM 2.5) on life history traits, oxidative stress, and defensome system in the marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 178:113588. [PMID: 35358891 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM2.5) generated in large cities creates new problems in marine ecosystems and may adversely affect its inhabitants. However, the mechanisms underlying the same remain unclear; hence, we investigated the effects of PM2.5 on life history traits (e.g., mortality, development, and fecundity), cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, antioxidant enzyme (e.g., glutathione peroxidase [GPx], superoxide dismutase [SOD], and catalase [CAT]) activities, and the transcript levels of detoxification-related genes (cytochrome P450s [CYPs]) and antioxidant (glutathione S-transferases [GSTs]) in the copepod Tigriopus japonicus. Among the life history traits, developmental time was the only trait to significantly deviate (P < 0.05) in response to PM2.5 (compared to that in the controls). Significant changes in ROS levels and antioxidant enzymatic activities (P < 0.05) in response to PM2.5, suggested that PM2.5 can induce oxidative stress, leading to adverse effects on the T. japonicus life history. In addition, PM2.5 induced a differential regulation of various CYP and GST genes, particularly CYP307E1, GST-kappa, and GST-sigma were significantly upregulated (P < 0.05), suggesting that these genes likely play crucial roles in detoxification mechanisms and could be useful as reliable biomarkers for PM2.5 toxicity. Overall, the results of this study provide new insights into the potential toxicity of PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghoon Han
- Marine Bio-Resources Research Unit, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology (KIOST), Busan 49111, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yeun Park
- Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea; University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeryeong Jeong
- Marine Environmental Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology (KIOST), Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Chul Park
- Département des Sciences, Université Sainte-Anne, Church Point, NS B0W 1M0, Canada
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9
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Won EJ, Byeon E, Lee YH, Jeong H, Lee Y, Kim MS, Jo HW, Moon JK, Wang M, Lee JS, Shin KH. Molecular evidence for suppression of swimming behavior and reproduction in the estuarine rotifer Brachionus koreanus in response to COVID-19 disinfectants. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 175:113396. [PMID: 35149311 PMCID: PMC8824532 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The increased use of disinfectants due to the spread of the novel coronavirus infection (e.g. COVID-19) has caused burden in the environment but knowledge on its ecotoxicological impact on the estuary environment is limited. Here we report in vivo and molecular endpoints that we used to assess the effects of chloroxylenol (PCMX) and benzalkonium chloride (BAC), which are ingredients in liquid handwash, dish soap products, and sanitizers used by consumers and healthcare workers on the estuarine rotifer Brachionus koreanus. PCMX and BAC significantly affected the life table parameters of B. koreanus. These chemicals modulated the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and catalase and increased reactive oxygen species even at low concentrations. Also, PCMX and BAC caused alterations in the swimming speed and rotation rate of B. koreanus. Furthermore, an RNA-seq-based ingenuity pathway analysis showed that PCMX affected several signaling pathways, allowing us to predict that a low concentration of PCMX will have deleterious effects on B. koreanus. The neurotoxic and mitochondrial dysfunction event scenario induced by PCMX reflects the underlying molecular mechanisms by which PCMX produces outcomes deleterious to aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ji Won
- Department of Marine Science and Convergent Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, South Korea; Institute of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, South Korea
| | - Eunjin Byeon
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Young Hwan Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Haksoo Jeong
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Yoseop Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Min-Sub Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Hyeong-Wook Jo
- Hansalim Agro-Food Analysis Center, Hankyong National University Industry Academic Cooperation Foundation, Suwon 16500, South Korea
| | - Joon-Kwan Moon
- Hansalim Agro-Food Analysis Center, Hankyong National University Industry Academic Cooperation Foundation, Suwon 16500, South Korea
| | - Minghua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science/College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
| | - Kyung-Hoon Shin
- Department of Marine Science and Convergent Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, South Korea; Institute of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, South Korea.
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10
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Lu Y, Zhang Y, Zhong C, Martin JW, Alessi DS, Goss GG, Ren Y, He Y. Suspended solids-associated toxicity of hydraulic fracturing flowback and produced water on early life stages of zebrafish (Danio rerio). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 287:117614. [PMID: 34171731 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hydraulic fracturing flowback and produced water (HF-FPW), which contains polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and numerous other potential contaminants, is a complex wastewater produced during the recovery of tight hydrocarbon resources. Previous studies on HF-FPW have demonstrated various toxicological responses of aquatic organisms as consequences of combined exposure to high salinity, dissolved organic compounds and particle/suspended solids-bound pollutants. Noteworthy is the lack of studies illustrating the potentially toxic effects of the FPW suspended solids (FPW-SS). In this study, we investigated the acute and sublethal toxicity of suspended solids filtered from six authentic FPW sample collected from two fracturing wells, using a sediment contact assay based on early-life stages of zebrafish (Danio rerio). PAHs profiles and acute toxicity tests provided initial information on the toxic potency of the six samples. Upon exposure to sediment mixture at two selected doses (1.6 and 3.1 mg/mL), results showed adverse effects in larval zebrafish, as revealed by increased Ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity. Transcriptional alterations were also observed in xenobiotic biotransformation (ahr, pxr, cyp1a, cyp1b1, cyp1c1, cyp1c2, cyp3a65, udpgt1a1, udpgt5g1), antioxidant response (sod1, sod2, gpx1a, gpx1b) and hormone receptor signaling (esr1, esr2a, cyp19a1a, vtg1) genes. The results demonstrated that even separated from the complex aqueous FPW mixture, FPW-SS can induce toxicological responses in aquatic organisms' early life stages. Since FPW-SS could sediment to the bottom of natural wetland acting as a continuous source of contaminants, the current findings imply the likelihood of long-term environmental risks of polluted sediments on aquatic ecosystems due to FPW spills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichun Lu
- School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yifeng Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Cheng Zhong
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E3, Canada
| | - Jonathan W Martin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G3, Canada; Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm, 10691, Sweden
| | - Daniel S Alessi
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E3, Canada
| | - Greg G Goss
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - Yuan Ren
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yuhe He
- School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E9, Canada; Hong Kong Branch of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Hong Kong, China.
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11
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Glutathione S-Transferases in Marine Copepods. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse9091025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The glutathione S-transferase (GST) is a complex family of phase II detoxification enzymes, known for their ability to catalyze the conjugation of the reduced form of glutathione (GSH) to a wide variety of endogenous and exogenous electrophilic compounds for detoxification purposes. In marine environments, copepods are constantly exposed to multiple exogenous stressors, thus their capability of detoxification is key for survival. Full identification of the GST family in copepods has been limited only to few species. As for insects, the GST family includes a wide range of genes that, based on their cellular localization, can be divided in three classes: cytosolic, microsomal, and mitochondrial. The role of GSTs might have class-specific features, thus understanding the nature of the GST family has become crucial. This paper covers information of the GST activity in marine copepods based on studies investigating gene expression, protein content, and enzymatic activity. Using published literature and mining new publicly available transcriptomes, we characterized the multiplicity of the GST family in copepods from different orders and families, highlighting the possible role of these genes as biomarker for ocean health status monitoring.
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12
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Hafez T, Bilbao D, Etxebarria N, Duran R, Ortiz-Zarragoitia M. Application of a biological multilevel response approach in the copepod Acartia tonsa for toxicity testing of three oil Water Accommodated Fractions. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 169:105378. [PMID: 34102532 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Copepods play a critical role in the marine food webs, being a food source for marine organisms. In this study, we investigated the toxic effects of Water Accommodated Fractions (WAFs) from three types of oil: Naphthenic North Sea crude oil (NNS), Intermediate Fuel Oil (IFO 180) and a commercial Marine Gas Oil (MGO). The WAFs were prepared at 10 °C and 30 PSU (practical salinity unit), and tested on the marine copepod Acartia tonsa at different endpoints and at different levels of biological organization. We determined the median lethal concentrations after 96 h (LC50) and reproduction capabilities were calculated in adult females following seven days of exposure to sublethal WAF doses. The total lipid content was measured in reproductive females using Nile red lipophilic dye after 96 h of WAF exposure. We also measured the transcription levels of genes involved in antioxidant response and xenobiotic biotransformation after short exposure for 48 h. High doses (7% WAF) of MGO affected survival, percentage of fecund females, egg hatching success, and total lipid content. The IFO 180 WAF affected, at medium (20%) and high (40%) doses, the number of fecund females, mortality and produced significant effects on gene expression levels. In conclusion, toxicity assays showed that the WAFs prepared from refined oils were more toxic than crude oil WAF to Acartia tonsa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamer Hafez
- CBET Research Group, Dept. of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Sarriena z/g, E-48940, Leioa, Basque Country, Spain; Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza Hiribidea 47, E-48620, Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - Dennis Bilbao
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza Hiribidea 47, E-48620, Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain; IBeA Research Group, Dept. of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Sarriena z/g, E-48940, Leioa, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - Nestor Etxebarria
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza Hiribidea 47, E-48620, Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain; IBeA Research Group, Dept. of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Sarriena z/g, E-48940, Leioa, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - Robert Duran
- Equipe Environnement et Microbiologie, MELODY Group, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S-UPPA, IPREM UMR CNRS 5254, BP 1155, 64013 Pau Cedex, France.
| | - Maren Ortiz-Zarragoitia
- CBET Research Group, Dept. of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Sarriena z/g, E-48940, Leioa, Basque Country, Spain; Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza Hiribidea 47, E-48620, Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain.
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13
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Han J, Park JS, Park Y, Lee J, Shin HH, Lee KW. Effects of paralytic shellfish poisoning toxin-producing dinoflagellate Gymnodinium catenatum on the marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 163:111937. [PMID: 33341583 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To understand how the marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus responds to the toxic marine dinoflagellate Gymnodinium catenatum, we assessed acute toxicity and investigated swimming behavior parameters (e.g., swimming speed, swimming path trajectory, and swimming distance) in response to G. catenatum exposure. In addition, the mRNA expression levels of detoxification-related genes (e.g., phase I cytochrome P450 [CYP] and phase II glutathione-S transferase [GST]) were measured in G. catenatum-exposed copepods. No significant change in survival was observed in response to G. catenatum, but swimming speed was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) at a high concentration of G. catenatum (600 cells/mL). Furthermore, the swimming distance was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) compared to that of the control at 600 cells/mL G. catenatum, while no significant change in swimming path trajectory was observed, suggesting that G. catenatum potentially has adverse effects on the swimming behavior of T. japonicus. In addition, the transcriptional regulation of T. japonicus CYPs and -GSTs were significantly upregulated and downregulated (P < 0.05), respectively, in response to G. catenatum. In particular, certain genes (e.g., CYPs [CYP307E1, CYP3041A1, and CYP3024A2] and GSTs [GST-kappa, GST-mu5, and GST-omega]) were significantly induced (P < 0.05) by G. catenatum, suggesting that these genes likely play a critical role in detoxification mechanisms and might be useful as potential molecular biomarkers in response to G. catenatum exposure. Overall, these results elucidate the potential impacts of the dinoflagellate G. catenatum on the swimming behavior and detoxification system of the marine copepod T. japonicus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghoon Han
- Department of Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Sang Park
- Library of Marine Samples, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Geoje 53201, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeun Park
- Department of Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea; University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihoon Lee
- Department of Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ho Shin
- Library of Marine Samples, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Geoje 53201, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyun-Woo Lee
- Department of Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea.
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Kim DH, Choi BS, Kang HM, Park JC, Kim MS, Hagiwara A, Lee JS. The genome of the marine water flea Diaphanosoma celebensis: Identification of phase I, II, and III detoxification genes and potential applications in marine molecular ecotoxicology. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2021; 37:100787. [PMID: 33454556 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2020.100787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
To assemble the genome of the marine water flea Diaphanosoma celebensis, a sentinel model for marine environmental monitoring, we constructed a high-quality genome using PromethION and HiSeq 2500 platforms. The total length of the assembled genome was 100.08 Mb, with N50 = 2.56 Mb (benchmarking universal single-copy orthologs, 96.9%) and consisted of 179 scaffolds. A total of 15,427 genes were annotated, and orthologous gene clusters in D. celebensis were analyzed and compared with those of the cladocerans Daphnia magna and Daphnia pulex. In addition, phase I, II, and III detoxification gene families of cytochrome P450s, glutathione S-transferases, and ATP-binding cassette were fully identified and revealed lineage-specific gene loss and/or expansion, suggesting that the evolution of detoxification gene families likely modulates fitness and susceptibility in response to environmental stressors. The study improves our understanding of the detoxification-related gene system and should contribute to future studies of molecular ecotoxicology in cladoceran species and their responses to emerging pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duck-Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | | | - Hye-Min Kang
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Jun Chul Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Min-Sub Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Atsushi Hagiwara
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan; Organization for Marine Science and Technology, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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15
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Identification and response of cytochrome P450 genes in the brackish water flea Diaphanosoma celebensis after exposure to benzo[α]pyrene and heavy metals. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:657-664. [PMID: 33393003 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-06113-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme family is extensive; these enzymes participate in phase I enzyme metabolism and are involved in xenobiotic detoxification in all living organisms. Despite their significance in xenobiotic detoxification, little is known about the species-specific comparison of CYPs and their molecular responses in aquatic invertebrates. We identified 31 CYPs in the brackish water flea Diaphanosoma celebensis via thorough exploration of transcriptomic databases and measured the transcript profiles of 9 CYPs (within full sequences) in response to benzo[α]pyrene (B[α]P) and two heavy metals (cadmium [Cd] and copper [Cu]). Through phylogenetic analysis, the CYPs were separated and clustered into four clans: mitochondrial, CYP2, CYP3, and CYP4. The expression of 9 CYPs were differentially modulated (up- and/or downregulated) in response to B[α]P, Cd, and Cu. In particular, CYP370A15 was significantly upregulated in response to B[α]P, Cd, and Cu, suggesting that the identified CYPs are involved in xenobiotic detoxification and are useful as biomarkers in response to B[α]P, Cd, and Cu. This study aimed to comprehensively annotate cladoceran CYPs; our results will add to the existing knowledge on the potential roles of CYPs in xenobiotic detoxification in cladocerans.
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16
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Folkerts EJ, Goss GG, Blewett TA. Investigating the Potential Toxicity of Hydraulic Fracturing Flowback and Produced Water Spills to Aquatic Animals in Freshwater Environments: A North American Perspective. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2021; 254:1-56. [PMID: 32318824 DOI: 10.1007/398_2020_43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Unconventional methods of oil and natural gas extraction have been a growing part of North America's energy sector for the past 20-30 years. Technologies such as horizontal hydraulic fracturing have facilitated the exploitation of geologic reserves that were previously resistant to standard drilling approaches. However, the environmental risks associated with hydraulic fracturing are relatively understudied. One such hazard is the wastewater by-product of hydraulic fracturing processes: flowback and produced water (FPW). During FPW production, transport, and storage, there are many potential pathways for environmental exposure. In the current review, toxicological hazards associated with FPW surface water contamination events and potential effects on freshwater biota are assessed. This review contains an extensive survey of chemicals commonly associated with FPW samples from shale formations across North America and median 50% lethal concentration values (LC50) of corresponding chemicals for many freshwater organisms. We identify the characteristics of FPW which may have the greatest potential to be drivers of toxicity to freshwater organisms. Notably, components associated with salinity, the organic fraction, and metal species are reviewed. Additionally, we examine the current state of FPW production in North America and identify the most significant obstacles impeding proper risk assessment development when environmental contamination events of this wastewater occur. Findings within this study will serve to catalyze further work on areas currently lacking in FPW research, including expanded whole effluent testing, repeated and chronic FPW exposure studies, and toxicity identification evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik J Folkerts
- University of Alberta, Department of Biological Sciences, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
| | - Greg G Goss
- University of Alberta, Department of Biological Sciences, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Tamzin A Blewett
- University of Alberta, Department of Biological Sciences, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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17
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Antioxidant Response and Oxidative Stress in the Respiratory Tree of Sea Cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) Following Exposure to Crude Oil and Chemical Dispersant. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse8080547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) is mainly cultured in the coastal zone, where it is easily threatened by accidental oil spills. Chemical dispersant is one of the efficient oil spill responses for mitigating the overall environmental damage of oil spills. However, the impact of crude oil and chemical dispersants on sea cucumber is less well known. Hence, the present study focused on exploring the antioxidant response and oxidative stress in the respiratory tree of sea cucumber following exposure to GM-2 chemical dispersant (DISP), water-accommodated fractions (WAF), and chemically enhanced WAF (CEWAF) of Oman crude oil for 24 h. Results manifested that WAF exposure caused a significant increase in the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level (5.29 ± 0.30 AU·mgprot−1), and the effect was much more obvious in CEWAF treatment (5.73 ± 0.16 AU·mgprot−1). Total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), as an important biomarker of the antioxidant defense capacity, showed an increasing trend following WAF exposure (0.95 ± 0.12 U·mgprot−1) while a significant reduction in T-AOC was observed following CEWAF exposure (0.23 ± 0.13 U·mgprot−1). Moreover, we also evaluated the oxidative damage of the macromolecules (DNA, protein, and lipid), and our results revealed that the presence of chemical dispersant enhanced oxidative damage caused by crude oil to sea cucumber.
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18
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Humble JL, Carmona-Antoñanzas G, McNair CM, Nelson DR, Bassett DI, Egholm I, Bron JE, Bekaert M, Sturm A. Genome-wide survey of cytochrome P450 genes in the salmon louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Krøyer, 1837). Parasit Vectors 2019; 12:563. [PMID: 31775848 PMCID: PMC6880348 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3808-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The salmon louse (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) infests farmed and wild salmonid fishes, causing considerable economic damage to the salmon farming industry. Infestations of farmed salmon are controlled using a combination of non-medicinal approaches and veterinary drug treatments. While L. salmonis has developed resistance to most available salmon delousing agents, relatively little is known about the molecular mechanisms involved. Members of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) superfamily are typically monooxygenases, some of which are involved in the biosynthesis and metabolism of endogenous compounds, while others have central roles in the detoxification of xenobiotics. In terrestrial arthropods, insecticide resistance can be based on the enhanced expression of CYPs. The reported research aimed to characterise the CYP superfamily in L. salmonis and assess its potential roles in drug resistance. Methods Lepeophtheirus salmonis CYPs were identified by homology searches of the genome and transcriptome of the parasite. CYP transcript abundance in drug susceptible and multi-resistant L. salmonis was assessed by quantitative reverse transcription PCR, taking into account both constitutive expression and expression in parasites exposed to sublethal levels of salmon delousing agents, ecdysteroids and environmental chemicals. Results The above strategy led to the identification of 25 CYP genes/pseudogenes in L. salmonis, making its CYP superfamily the most compact characterised for any arthropod to date. Lepeophtheirus salmonis possesses homologues of a number of arthropod CYP genes with roles in ecdysteroid metabolism, such as the fruit fly genes disembodied, shadow, shade, spook and Cyp18a1. CYP transcript expression did not differ between one drug susceptible and one multi-resistant strain of L. salmonis. Exposure of L. salmonis to emamectin benzoate or deltamethrin caused the transcriptional upregulation of certain CYPs. In contrast, neither ecdysteroid nor benzo[a]pyrene exposure affected CYP transcription significantly. Conclusions The parasite L. salmonis is demonstrated to possess the most compact CYP superfamily characterised for any arthropod to date. The complement of CYP genes in L. salmonis includes conserved CYP genes involved in ecdysteroid biosynthesis and metabolism, as well as drug-inducible CYP genes. The present study does not provide evidence for a role of CYP genes in the decreased susceptibility of the multiresistant parasite strain studied. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph L Humble
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK
| | | | - Carol M McNair
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK
| | - David R Nelson
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - David I Bassett
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK
| | - Ingibjørg Egholm
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK
| | - James E Bron
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK
| | - Michaël Bekaert
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK
| | - Armin Sturm
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK.
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Kim Y, Jeong J, Chatterjee N, Yim UH, Kwon JH, Park MS, Choi J. Activation of the nucleotide excision repair pathway by crude oil exposure: A translational study from model organisms to the Hebei Spirit Oil Spill Cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 254:112997. [PMID: 31454576 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.112997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In order to gain insight into the human health implications of the Hebei Spirit Oil Spill (HSOS), the mechanism of toxicity of the Iranian heavy crude (IHC), the main oil component in the HSOS was investigated in Caenorhabditis elegans and zebrafish. The identified mechanism was translated to humans using blood samples from Taean residents, who experienced HSOS with different levels of exposure to the spill. C. elegans TF RNAi screening with IHC oil revealed the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway as being significantly involved by oil exposure. To identify the main toxicity contributors within the chemical mixture of the crude oil, further studies were conducted on C. elegans by exposure to C3-naphthalene, an alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), which constitutes one of the major components of IHC oil. Increased expression of NER pathway genes was observed following exposure to the IHC oil, C3-naphthalene enriched fraction and C3-naphthalene. As the NER pathway is conserved in fish and humans, the same experiment was conducted in zebrafish, and the data were similar to what was seen in C. elegans. Increased expression of NER pathway genes was observed in human samples from the high exposure group, which suggests the involvement of the NER pathway in IHC oil exposure. Overall, the study suggests that IHC oil may cause bulk damage to DNA and activation of the NER system and Alkylated PAHs are the major contributor to DNA damage. Our study provides an innovative approach for studying translational toxicity testing from model organisms to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngho Kim
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, 163 Siripdaero, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeseong Jeong
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, 163 Siripdaero, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Nivedita Chatterjee
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, 163 Siripdaero, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Un Hyuk Yim
- Oil & POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Geoje, 53201, Republic of Korea; Ocean Science, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Kwon
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Sook Park
- Taean Environmental Health Center, 1952-16 Seohae-ro, Taean-eup, Taean-gun Chungcheongnam-do 32148, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhee Choi
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, 163 Siripdaero, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea.
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20
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Sahlmann A, Lode T, Heuschele J, Borgå K, Titelman J, Hylland K. Genotoxic Response and Mortality in 3 Marine Copepods Exposed to Waterborne Copper. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2019; 38:2224-2232. [PMID: 31343775 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential trace metal, but may also be toxic to aquatic organisms. Although many studies have investigated the cytotoxicity of Cu, little is known about the in vivo genotoxic potential of Cu in marine invertebrates. We investigated the genotoxicity of Cu in 2 pelagic calanoid copepods, Acartia tonsa and Temora longicornis, and the intertidal harpacticoid copepod Tigriopus brevicornis by exposing them for 6 and 72 h to waterborne Cu (0, 6, and 60 µg Cu/L). A subsequent 24-h period in filtered seawater was used to investigate delayed effects or recovery. Genotoxicity was evaluated as DNA strand breaks in individual copepods using the comet assay. Copper did not increase DNA strand breaks in any of the species at any concentration or time point. The treatment did, however, cause 100% mortality in A. tonsa following exposure to 60 µg Cu/L. Acartia tonsa and T. longicornis were more susceptible to Cu-induced mortality than the benthic harpacticoid T. brevicornis, which appeared to be unaffected by the treatments. The results show major differences in Cu susceptibility among the 3 copepods and also that acute toxicity of Cu to A. tonsa is not directly associated with genotoxicity. We also show that the comet assay can be used to quantify genotoxicity in individual copepods. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:2224-2232. © 2019 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Torben Lode
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Heuschele
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Katrine Borgå
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Ketil Hylland
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Skottene E, Tarrant AM, Olsen AJ, Altin D, Hansen BH, Choquet M, Olsen RE, Jenssen BM. A Crude Awakening: Effects of Crude Oil on Lipid Metabolism in Calanoid Copepods Terminating Diapause. THE BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN 2019; 237:90-110. [PMID: 31714858 DOI: 10.1086/705234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Calanus finmarchicus and Calanus glacialis are keystone zooplankton species in North Atlantic and Arctic marine ecosystems because they form a link in the trophic transfer of nutritious lipids from phytoplankton to predators on higher trophic levels. These calanoid copepods spend several months of the year in deep waters in a dormant state called diapause, after which they emerge in surface waters to feed and reproduce during the spring phytoplankton bloom. Disruption of diapause timing could have dramatic consequences for marine ecosystems. In the present study, Calanus C5 copepodites were collected in a Norwegian fjord during diapause and were subsequently experimentally exposed to the water-soluble fraction of a naphthenic North Sea crude oil during diapause termination. The copepods were sampled repeatedly while progressing toward adulthood and were analyzed for utilization of lipid stores and for differential expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism. Our results indicate that water-soluble fraction exposure led to a temporary pause in lipid catabolism, suggested by (i) slower utilization of lipid stores in water-soluble fraction-exposed C5 copepodites and (ii) more genes in the β-oxidation pathway being downregulated in water-soluble fraction-exposed C5 copepodites than in the control C5 copepodites. Because lipid content and/or composition may be an important trigger for termination of diapause, our results imply that the timing of diapause termination and subsequent migration to the surface may be delayed if copepods are exposed to oil pollution during diapause or diapause termination. This delay could have detrimental effects on ecosystem dynamics.
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Han J, Park JC, Choi BS, Kim MS, Kim HS, Hagiwara A, Park HG, Lee BY, Lee JS. The genome of the marine monogonont rotifer Brachionus plicatilis: Genome-wide expression profiles of 28 cytochrome P450 genes in response to chlorpyrifos and 2-ethyl-phenanthrene. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 214:105230. [PMID: 31306923 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Brachionus spp. (Rotifera: Monogononta) are globally distributed in aquatic environments and play important roles in the aquatic ecosystem. The marine monogonont rotifer Brachionus plicatilis is considered a suitable model organism for ecology, evolution, and ecotoxicology. In this study, we assembled and characterized the B. plicatilis genome. The total length of the assembled genome was 106.9 Mb and the number of final scaffolds was 716 with an N50 value of 1.15 Mb and a GC content of 26.75%. A total of 20,154 genes were annotated after manual curation. To demonstrate the use of whole genome data, we targeted one of the main detoxifying enzyme of phase I detoxification system and identified in a total of 28 cytochrome P450 s (CYPs). Based on the phylogenetic analysis using the maximum likelihood, 28 B. plicatilis-CYPs were apparently separated into five different clans, namely, 2, 3, 4, mitochondrial (MT), and 46 clans. To better understand the CYPs-mediated xenobiotic detoxification, we measured the mRNA expression levels of 28 B. plicatilis CYPs in response to chlorpyrifos and 2-ethyl-phenanthrene. Most B. plicatilis CYPs were significantly modulated (P < 0.05) in response to chlorpyrifos and 2-ethyl-phenanthrene. In addition, xenobiotic-sensing nuclear receptor (XNR) response element sequences were identified in the 5 kb upstream of promoter regions of 28 CYPs from the genome of B. plicatilis, indicating that these XNR can be associated with detoxification of xenobiotics. Overall, the assembled B. plicatilis genome presented here will be a useful resource for a better understanding the molecular ecotoxicology in the view of molecular mechanisms underlying toxicological responses, particularly on xenobiotic detoxification in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghoon Han
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Chul Park
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom-Soon Choi
- Phyzen Genomics Institute, Seongnam 13558, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Sub Kim
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hui-Su Kim
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Atsushi Hagiwara
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan; Institute of Integrated Science and Technology, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Heum Gi Park
- Department of Marine Resource Development, College of Life Sciences, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Young Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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23
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Del Brio J, Lares BA, Parra-Morales LB, Sanchez VG, Montagna CM, Venturino A. Differential detoxifying responses to crude oil water-accommodated fraction in Hyallela curvispina individuals from unpolluted and contaminated sites. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 70:103191. [PMID: 31108396 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Sublethal effects of water-accommodated fraction (WAF) from crude oil of Neuquén basin, Northern Patagonia-Argentina, were examined on both antioxidant and detoxification system of Hyalella curvispina adults collected in Los Barreales (LB) lake and in an oil-polluted stream (DS). The effects of WAF exposure during 6, 24 and 48 h were evaluated in the glutathione content (GSH) and glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT) and cytochrome P450 (CYP450) activities. Populations from DS and LB showed not only different basal GSH content and enzyme activities but also different behavior to WAF exposure. LB population exposed to WAF showed a significant increase in GSH content, CAT and CYP450 activities, compared to control group. DS population presented high basal levels in CAT and CYP activity compared with LB population, but their response to WAF exposure was minor. Amphipods from DS, chronically exposed to hydrocarbons, were adapted to their environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Del Brio
- Centro de Investigaciones en Toxicología Ambiental y Agrobiotecnología del Comahue (CITAAC), CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Buenos Aires, 1400, Neuquén, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias del Ambiente y la Salud, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Buenos Aires, 1400, Neuquén, Argentina
| | - B A Lares
- Centro de Investigaciones en Toxicología Ambiental y Agrobiotecnología del Comahue (CITAAC), CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Buenos Aires, 1400, Neuquén, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias del Ambiente y la Salud, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Buenos Aires, 1400, Neuquén, Argentina
| | - L B Parra-Morales
- Centro de Investigaciones en Toxicología Ambiental y Agrobiotecnología del Comahue (CITAAC), CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Buenos Aires, 1400, Neuquén, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias del Ambiente y la Salud, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Buenos Aires, 1400, Neuquén, Argentina
| | - V G Sanchez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Toxicología Ambiental y Agrobiotecnología del Comahue (CITAAC), CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Buenos Aires, 1400, Neuquén, Argentina
| | - C M Montagna
- Centro de Investigaciones en Toxicología Ambiental y Agrobiotecnología del Comahue (CITAAC), CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Buenos Aires, 1400, Neuquén, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias del Ambiente y la Salud, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Buenos Aires, 1400, Neuquén, Argentina
| | - A Venturino
- Centro de Investigaciones en Toxicología Ambiental y Agrobiotecnología del Comahue (CITAAC), CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Buenos Aires, 1400, Neuquén, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Ruta Nacional 151 12.5 km, Cinco Saltos, Argentina.
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24
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Hiki K, Nakajima F, Tobino T, Watanabe H, Yamamoto H. Whole transcriptome analysis of an estuarine amphipod exposed to highway road dust. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 675:141-150. [PMID: 31026638 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Urban road dust can potentially have adverse effects on aquatic and benthic ecosystems if discharged into receiving waters; however, little is known about the mode of action of road dust toxicity within aquatic organisms. With an aim to reveal the biological effects of road dust on benthic crustacean species, we performed a de novo transcriptome analysis of the estuarine amphipod Grandidierella japonica exposed to road dust collected from highways around Tokyo. A transcriptome analysis by Illumina HiSeq 2500 identified differentially expressed genes related to the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) signaling pathway, oxidative damage, and cuticle metabolism. Among these, a GABAB receptor subunit showed down-regulation in the road dust treatment, but a constant expression in the treatment of road dust with a carbonaceous resin XAD-4, which can reduce the acute toxicity of road dust to G. japonica. These results and the time course expressions of the related genes were partially confirmed by quantitative PCR (qPCR) experiments. Although the linkage between acute lethal toxicity and the molecular initiating events induced by road dust was still unclear, our findings provide lines of evidence to identify the causative toxicants in urban road dust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoshiro Hiki
- Center for Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Onogawa 16-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan; Department of Urban Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Fumiyuki Nakajima
- Environmental Science Center, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Tobino
- Department of Urban Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Haruna Watanabe
- Center for Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Onogawa 16-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamamoto
- Center for Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Onogawa 16-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
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25
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Donald CE, Scott RP, Wilson G, Hoffman PD, Anderson KA. Artificial turf: chemical flux and development of silicone wristband partitioning coefficients. AIR QUALITY, ATMOSPHERE, & HEALTH 2019; 12:597-611. [PMID: 32201543 PMCID: PMC7083577 DOI: 10.1007/s11869-019-00680-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
This work provides the first quantitative measure of in situ flux of semi-volatile contaminants on artificial turf fields. Passive samplers were used to identify gas-phase PAHs and OPAHs not previously reported associated with artificial turf. Utilizing a broad and targeted screen, we assess both artificial turf and from crumb rubber for 1,529 chemicals, including several with known health effects including benzo[c]fluorene. We also report the presence of 25 chemicals that have not yet been reported in artificial turf literature, including some with known effects on human health. This is the first report of bioavailable gas-phase PAH and OPAH concentrations on an outdoor field, to date gas-phase concentrations have only been reported from indoor facilities. Turf air and air were highly correlated at all three sites, and particularly at the recently-installed indoor site. Finally, thermal extraction and silicone passive samplers are highly suitable for larger-scale sampling campaigns that aim for less solvent and sample processing. We demonstrate for the first time that silicone passive samplers can be used to quantify volatile and semi-volatile organic chemicals from artificial turf. Co-deploying silicone passive samplers and conventional low density polyethylene, we develop partitioning coefficients that can be used for silicone passive air sampling environmental assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carey E Donald
- Food Safety and Environmental Stewardship Program, Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, 1007c Agricultural and Life Sciences Building, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97330, USA
- Present address: Institute of Marine Research, Nordnesgaten 50, 5005 Bergen, Norway
| | - Richard P Scott
- Food Safety and Environmental Stewardship Program, Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, 1007c Agricultural and Life Sciences Building, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97330, USA
| | - Glenn Wilson
- Food Safety and Environmental Stewardship Program, Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, 1007c Agricultural and Life Sciences Building, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97330, USA
| | - Peter D Hoffman
- Food Safety and Environmental Stewardship Program, Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, 1007c Agricultural and Life Sciences Building, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97330, USA
| | - Kim A Anderson
- Food Safety and Environmental Stewardship Program, Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, 1007c Agricultural and Life Sciences Building, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97330, USA
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26
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Lee BY, Choi BS, Kim MS, Park JC, Jeong CB, Han J, Lee JS. The genome of the freshwater water flea Daphnia magna: A potential use for freshwater molecular ecotoxicology. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 210:69-84. [PMID: 30826642 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The water flea Daphnia magna is a small planktonic cladoceran. D. magna has been used as a model species for ecotoxicology, as it is sensitive to environmental stressors and environmental changes. Since Daphnia is affected by culture environment and each population/strain has its own ecological and genetic characteristics, its population/strain-based genome information is useful for environmental genomic studies. In this study, we assembled and characterized the genome of D. magna. Using a high-density genetic map of D. magna xinb3, the draft genome was integrated to 10 linkage groups (LGs). The total length of the integrated genome was about 123 Mb with N50 = 10.1 Mb, and the number of scaffolds was 4193 including 10 LGs. A total of 15,721 genes were annotated after manual curation. Orthologous genes were characterized in the genome and compared with other genomes of Daphnia. In addition, we identified defense related genes such as cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes, glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes, and ATP-binding cassette (ABC) genes from the assembled D. magna genome for its potential use in molecular ecotoxicological studies in the freshwater environment. This genomic resource will be helpful to study for a better understanding on molecular mechanism in response to various pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Young Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | | | - Min-Sub Kim
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Jun Chul Park
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Chang-Bum Jeong
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Jeonghoon Han
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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27
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Salazar-Coria L, Rocha-Gómez MA, Matadamas-Martínez F, Yépez-Mulia L, Vega-López A. Proteomic analysis of oxidized proteins in the brain and liver of the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exposed to a water-accommodated fraction of Maya crude oil. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 171:609-620. [PMID: 30658296 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Crude oil (CO) is a super mixture of chemical compounds whose toxic effects are reported in fish species according to international guidelines. In the current study a proteomic analysis of oxidized proteins (ox) was performed on the brain and liver of Nile tilapia exposed to WAF obtained from relevant environmental loads (0.01, 0.1 and 1.0 g/L) of Maya CO. Results have shown that oxidation of specific proteins was a newly discovered organ-dependent process able to disrupt key functions in Nile tilapia. In control fish, enzymes involved on aerobic metabolism (liver aldehyde dehydrogenase and brain dihydrofolate reductase) and liver tryptophan--tRNA ligase were oxidized. In WAF-treated liver specimens, fructose-bisphosphate aldolase (FBA), β-galactosidase (β-GAL) and dipeptidyl peptidase 9 (DPP-9) were detected in oxidized form. oxDPP-9 could be favorable by reducing the risk associated with altered glucose metabolism, the opposite effects elicited by oxFBA and oxβ-GAL. oxTrypsin showed a clear adverse effect by reducing probably the hepatocyte capacity to achieve proteolysis of oxidized proteins as well as for performing the proper digestive function. Additionally, enzyme implicated in purine metabolism adenosine (deaminase) was oxidized. Cerebral enzymes of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex (COX IV, COX5B), of glycosphingolipid biosynthesis (β-N-acetylhexosaminidase), involved in catecholamines degradation (catechol O-methyltransferase), and microtubule cytoskeleton (stathmin) were oxidized in WAF-treated specimens. This response suggests, in the brain, an adverse scenario for the mitochondrial respiration process and for ATP provision as for ischemia/reoxygenation challenges. Proteomic analysis of oxidized proteins is a promising tool for monitoring environmental quality influenced by hydrocarbons dissolved in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Salazar-Coria
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n, Unidad Profesional Zacatenco, 07738 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - María Alejandra Rocha-Gómez
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n, Unidad Profesional Zacatenco, 07738 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Félix Matadamas-Martínez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias, UMAE Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, 06720 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Lilián Yépez-Mulia
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias, UMAE Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, 06720 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Armando Vega-López
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n, Unidad Profesional Zacatenco, 07738 Mexico City, Mexico.
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28
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Zhou J, Kang HM, Lee YH, Jeong CB, Park JC, Lee JS. Adverse effects of a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide cypermethrin on life parameters and antioxidant responses in the marine copepods Paracyclopina nana and Tigriopus japonicus. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 217:383-392. [PMID: 30419392 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.10.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To find the adverse effects induced by cypermethrin, the ecotoxicological model copepods Tigriopus japonicus and Paracyclopina nana were exposed under cypermethrin, which is a widely used type-II pyrethroid insecticide in agriculture. Despite its large-scale application as insecticide in agriculture, little information is available on its adverse effects on aquatic invertebrates. In this study, the toxicity of cypermethrin on two copepods was assessed based on life parameters (growth rate and reproduction), oxidative stress and consequent antioxidant enzymatic activities, and gene expression profiles of antioxidants. The acute toxicity alone demonstrated that P. nana is less tolerant and sensitive against cypermethrin, compared to T. japonicus. However, under chronic exposure, life parameters of both P. nana and T. japonicus were severely affected by cypermethrin. Among antioxidant enzymatic activities, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione S-transferase (GST), in particular, demonstrated significant increase in response to cypermethrin. Furthermore, temporal-mRNA expression profile showed modulations in antioxidant related genes in response to cypermethrin. Our results provide the underlying toxic mechanism of cypermethrin and the oxidative stress defense mechanism and species-specific tolerance against cypermethrin in two model copepods species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Zhou
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Hye-Min Kang
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Young Hwan Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Chang-Bum Jeong
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Jun Chul Park
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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29
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Identification of the full 26 cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes and analysis of their expression in response to benzo[α]pyrene in the marine rotifer Brachionus rotundiformis. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2018; 29:185-192. [PMID: 30551045 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450s (CYPs) are a large gene superfamily that are found in all living organisms. CYPs have a key role in detoxification of xenobiotics and endogenous chemicals. Although aquatic invertebrate CYPs and their detoxification mechanisms have been reported, little is known about interspecific comparison of CYPs and their detoxification mechanism in the rotifer Brachionus spp. The aim of this study was to identify the entire CYPs in the rotifer Brachionus rotundiformis (B. rotundiformis) and compare B. rotundiformis-CYPs to the previously reported CYPs in other model Brachionus spp. (B. koreanus, B. plicatilis, and B. calyciflorus). To validate the model, the rotifer, specifically Brachionus rotundiformis was exposed to various concentrations of B[α]P, which is widely used PAH xenobiotic, and analyzed gene expression in response to B[α]P. Here, in silico analysis results showed the total of 26 CYPs from the rotifer B. rotundiformis. Based on the phylogenetic analysis, the 26 B. rotundiformis-CYPs were separated into five different clans: 2, 3, 4, mitochondrial, and 46 clans in comparison to three rotifers species, B. koreanus, B. plicatilis, and B. calyciflorus. To understand the detoxification mechanisms of 26 B. rotundiformis-CYPs, we investigated transcriptional expression of 26 CYPs and found that five CYPs (CYP3045A2, CYP3045B4, CYP3045C10, CYP3049A5, and CYP3049E8) were significantly increased (P < 0.05) in response to 10 and 100 μg B[α]P. In addition, we identified the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT) and observed slight up-regulation of B. rotundiformis-AhR and -ARNT, indicating that these CYPs are likely associated with detoxification mechanism and could be used as potential molecular biomarkers of B[α]P in B. rotundiformis. Overall, this study will be helpful for expanding our knowledge of invertebrate CYPs on detoxification mechanisms associated with AhR signaling pathway in rotifers.
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30
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DeLeo DM, Herrera S, Lengyel SD, Quattrini AM, Kulathinal RJ, Cordes EE. Gene expression profiling reveals deep-sea coral response to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. Mol Ecol 2018; 27:4066-4077. [PMID: 30137660 DOI: 10.1111/mec.14847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Deep-sea coral communities are key components of the Gulf of Mexico ecosystem and were adversely affected by the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill. Coral colonies exposed to oil and dispersant exhibited mortality, damage and physiological signatures of stress. Understanding how corals respond to oil and dispersant exposure at the molecular level is important to elucidate the sublethal effects of the DWH disaster and reveal broader patterns of coral stress responses. Gene expression profiles from RNAseq data were compared between corals at an impacted site and from a reference site. A total of 1,439 differentially expressed genes (≥twofold) were shared among impacted Paramuricea biscaya colonies. Genes involved in oxidative stress, immunity, wound repair, tissue regeneration and metabolism of xenobiotics were significantly differentially expressed in impacted corals. Enrichment among the overexpressed genes indicates the corals were enduring high metabolic demands associated with cellular stress responses and repair mechanisms. Underexpression of genes vital to toxin processing also suggests a diminished capacity to cope with environmental stressors. Our results provide evidence that deep-sea corals exhibited genome-wide cellular stress responses to oil and dispersant exposure and demonstrate the utility of next-generation sequencing for monitoring anthropogenic impacts in deep waters. These analyses will facilitate the development of diagnostic markers for oil and dispersant exposure in deep-sea invertebrates and inform future oil spill response efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle M DeLeo
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, North Miami, Florida
| | - Santiago Herrera
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania
| | - Stephen D Lengyel
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrea M Quattrini
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Biology, Harvey Mudd College, F.W. Olin Science Center, Claremont, California
| | - Rob J Kulathinal
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Erik E Cordes
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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31
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Lee BY, Lee MC, Jeong CB, Kim HJ, Hagiwara A, Souissi S, Han J, Lee JS. RNA-Seq-based transcriptome profiling and expression of 16 cytochrome P450 genes in the benzo[α]pyrene-exposed estuarine copepod Eurytemora affinis. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2018; 28:142-150. [PMID: 30196245 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The calanoid copepod Eurytemora affinis is one of the most abundant estuarine species and is considered to be an ideal candidate species for ecotoxicological research. An RNA-Seq-based transcriptome was developed from whole bodies of this species. Among 142,442 contigs of the de novo assembly by Trinity, 48,480 open reading frame (ORF) contigs were found using TransDecoder. A total of 17,762 genes were identified by BLAST analysis, which covers about 75% of the annotated genes in the E. affinis genome. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis showed that most annotated sequences were related to metabolism pathways, including xenobiotic biodegradation. Using transcriptome data, we identified putative transcripts related to xenobiotic processing genes including phase I enzymes, phase II enzymes, transporters, and transcription factors. To understand the CYP-mediated detoxification metabolism of xenobiotics, we measured the transcriptional levels of 16 CYPs (within full sequences) of E. affinis in response to benzo[α]pyrene (B[α]P). Most Ea-CYP genes were significantly down- and/or up-regulated (P < 0.05) in response to B[α]P, suggesting that Ea-CYP genes are likely involved in detoxification (mainly in biotransformation of xenobiotics) with particular genes, demonstrating significant upregulation or downregulation compared to others, as shown in other copepod model species (e.g. Tigriopus japonicus and Paracyclopina nana). This study will provide insight into the potential role of E. affinis in response to various toxic or xenobiotic chemicals in the marine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Young Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Min-Chul Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Chang-Bum Jeong
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Hee-Jin Kim
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hagiwara
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan; Organization for Marine Science and Technology, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Sami Souissi
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Univ. Littoral Cote d'Opale, UMR 8187, LOG, Laboratoire d'Oceanologie et de Geosciences, 62930 Wimereux, France
| | - Jeonghoon Han
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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Han J, Lee MC, Park JC, Kim S, Lee JS. Effects of temperature shifts on life parameters and expression of fatty acid synthesis and heat shock protein genes in temperate and Antarctic copepods Tigriopus japonicus and Tigriopus kingsejongensis. Polar Biol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-018-2382-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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33
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Won EJ, Lee Y, Gang Y, Kim MS, Kim CJ, Kim HE, Lee KW, Chung CS, Kim K, Lee JS, Shin KH. Chronic adverse effects of oil dispersed sediments on growth, hatching, and reproduction of benthic copepods: Indirect exposure for long-term tests. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 137:225-233. [PMID: 29685328 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Laboratory-scale sediment exposure was conducted as a preliminary study to assess the long-term effects of sediment contaminated with crude oil. For this purpose, indirect exposure using a glass filter crucible was tested and compared with direct exposure by observing several parameters (e.g., mortality, growth, reproduction, hatching, and uptake) in the benthic copepod Tigriopus japonicus. In direct exposure, short-term exposure caused significant damages to the eggs of ovigerous females, and there were difficulties in observing small oil droplets. However, indirect exposure did not induce any mortality during a 96-h exposure in adults. A 10-day exposure was also possible in an indirect exposure method and caused a decrease in reproduction and consequently a reduction in the hatching rate. In fact, the water phase collected from indirect exposure indicated significant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations, although only a few components were present. The components of PAHs were similar to water-accommodated fractions (WAFs) of crude oil that are associated with the water-soluble part, but the relative portion of high-molecular-weight of PAHs was higher than WAF. In this approach, exposure tests caused reduction in the uptake rate in copepods even in the 24-h exposure. In conclusion, the biological effects of oil droplets from direct exposure were excluded by using a glass filter in indirect exposures, and several parameters could be derived in the long-term exposure. These results indicate that the indirect method could likely assess the chronic effects of oil-contaminated sediments on individual level parameters for deriving the ultimate effects on the population and community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ji Won
- Department of Marine Chemistry & Geochemistry Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea; Department of Marine Science and Convergent Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yeonjung Lee
- Department of Marine Ecosystem & Biological Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Yehui Gang
- Department of Marine Chemistry & Geochemistry Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea; Department of Integrated Ocean Sciences, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Seob Kim
- Department of Environmental Measurement & Analysis Center, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22766, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Joon Kim
- Department of Marine Chemistry & Geochemistry Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Eun Kim
- Department of Marine Chemistry & Geochemistry Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyun-Woo Lee
- Department of Marine Ecosystem & Biological Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea; Department of Integrated Ocean Sciences, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Soo Chung
- Department of Marine Chemistry & Geochemistry Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea; Department of Integrated Ocean Sciences, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoungrean Kim
- Department of Marine Chemistry & Geochemistry Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea; Department of Integrated Ocean Sciences, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hoon Shin
- Department of Marine Science and Convergent Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
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Poynton HC, Hasenbein S, Benoit JB, Sepulveda MS, Poelchau MF, Hughes DST, Murali SC, Chen S, Glastad KM, Goodisman MAD, Werren JH, Vineis JH, Bowen JL, Friedrich M, Jones J, Robertson HM, Feyereisen R, Mechler-Hickson A, Mathers N, Lee CE, Colbourne JK, Biales A, Johnston JS, Wellborn GA, Rosendale AJ, Cridge AG, Munoz-Torres MC, Bain PA, Manny AR, Major KM, Lambert FN, Vulpe CD, Tuck P, Blalock BJ, Lin YY, Smith ME, Ochoa-Acuña H, Chen MJM, Childers CP, Qu J, Dugan S, Lee SL, Chao H, Dinh H, Han Y, Doddapaneni H, Worley KC, Muzny DM, Gibbs RA, Richards S. The Toxicogenome of Hyalella azteca: A Model for Sediment Ecotoxicology and Evolutionary Toxicology. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:6009-6022. [PMID: 29634279 DOI: 10.15482/usda.adc/1415994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Hyalella azteca is a cryptic species complex of epibenthic amphipods of interest to ecotoxicology and evolutionary biology. It is the primary crustacean used in North America for sediment toxicity testing and an emerging model for molecular ecotoxicology. To provide molecular resources for sediment quality assessments and evolutionary studies, we sequenced, assembled, and annotated the genome of the H. azteca U.S. Lab Strain. The genome quality and completeness is comparable with other ecotoxicological model species. Through targeted investigation and use of gene expression data sets of H. azteca exposed to pesticides, metals, and other emerging contaminants, we annotated and characterized the major gene families involved in sequestration, detoxification, oxidative stress, and toxicant response. Our results revealed gene loss related to light sensing, but a large expansion in chemoreceptors, likely underlying sensory shifts necessary in their low light habitats. Gene family expansions were also noted for cytochrome P450 genes, cuticle proteins, ion transporters, and include recent gene duplications in the metal sequestration protein, metallothionein. Mapping of differentially expressed transcripts to the genome significantly increased the ability to functionally annotate toxicant responsive genes. The H. azteca genome will greatly facilitate development of genomic tools for environmental assessments and promote an understanding of how evolution shapes toxicological pathways with implications for environmental and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen C Poynton
- School for the Environment , University of Massachusetts Boston , Boston , Massachusetts 02125 United States
| | - Simone Hasenbein
- Aquatic Systems Biology Unit , Technical University of Munich , D-85354 Freising , Germany
| | - Joshua B Benoit
- Department of Biological Sciences , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , Ohio 45221 United States
| | - Maria S Sepulveda
- Forestry and Natural Resources , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 United States
| | - Monica F Poelchau
- Agricultural Research Service, National Agricultural Library , U.S. Department of Agriculture , Beltsville , Maryland 20705 United States
| | - Daniel S T Hughes
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | - Shwetha C Murali
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | - Shuai Chen
- Forestry and Natural Resources , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 United States
- OmicSoft Corporation, Cary , North Carolina 27513 United States
| | - Karl M Glastad
- Perelman School of Medicine , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 United States
| | - Michael A D Goodisman
- School of Biological Sciences , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 United States
| | - John H Werren
- Biology Department , University of Rochester , Rochester , New York 14627 United States
| | - Joseph H Vineis
- Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Marine Science Center , Northeastern University , Nahant , Massachusetts 01908 United States
| | - Jennifer L Bowen
- Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Marine Science Center , Northeastern University , Nahant , Massachusetts 01908 United States
| | - Markus Friedrich
- Department of Biological Sciences , Wayne State University , Detroit Michigan 48202 United States
| | - Jeffery Jones
- Department of Biological Sciences , Wayne State University , Detroit Michigan 48202 United States
| | - Hugh M Robertson
- Department of Entomology , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 United States
| | - René Feyereisen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences , University of Copenhagen , DK-1871 Frederiksberg , Denmark
| | - Alexandra Mechler-Hickson
- Center of Rapid Evolution (CORE) and Department of Integrative Biology , University of Wisconsin , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 United States
| | - Nicholas Mathers
- Center of Rapid Evolution (CORE) and Department of Integrative Biology , University of Wisconsin , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 United States
| | - Carol Eunmi Lee
- Center of Rapid Evolution (CORE) and Department of Integrative Biology , University of Wisconsin , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 United States
| | - John K Colbourne
- School of Biosciences , University of Birmingham , Birmingham B15 2TT U.K
| | - Adam Biales
- National Exposure Research Laboratory , United States Environmental Protection Agency , Cincinnati , Ohio 45268 United States
| | - J Spencer Johnston
- Department of Entomology , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 United States
| | - Gary A Wellborn
- Department of Biology , University of Oklahoma , Norman , Oklahoma 73019 United States
| | - Andrew J Rosendale
- Department of Biological Sciences , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , Ohio 45221 United States
| | - Andrew G Cridge
- Laboratory for Evolution and Development, Department of Biochemistry , University of Otago , Dunedin , 9054 New Zealand
| | - Monica C Munoz-Torres
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California 94720 United States
| | - Peter A Bain
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Urrbrae SA 5064 Australia
| | - Austin R Manny
- Department of Microbiology & Cell Science , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611 United States
| | - Kaley M Major
- School for the Environment , University of Massachusetts Boston , Boston , Massachusetts 02125 United States
| | - Faith N Lambert
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611 United States
| | - Chris D Vulpe
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611 United States
| | - Padrig Tuck
- School for the Environment , University of Massachusetts Boston , Boston , Massachusetts 02125 United States
| | - Bonnie J Blalock
- School for the Environment , University of Massachusetts Boston , Boston , Massachusetts 02125 United States
| | - Yu-Yu Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics , National Taiwan University , Taipei , 10617 Taiwan
| | - Mark E Smith
- McConnell Group, Cincinnati , Ohio 45268 , United States
| | - Hugo Ochoa-Acuña
- Forestry and Natural Resources , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 United States
| | - Mei-Ju May Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics , National Taiwan University , Taipei , 10617 Taiwan
| | - Christopher P Childers
- Agricultural Research Service, National Agricultural Library , U.S. Department of Agriculture , Beltsville , Maryland 20705 United States
| | - Jiaxin Qu
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | - Shannon Dugan
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | - Sandra L Lee
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | - Hsu Chao
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | - Huyen Dinh
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | - Yi Han
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | | | - Kim C Worley
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | - Donna M Muzny
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | - Richard A Gibbs
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | - Stephen Richards
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
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35
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Poynton HC, Hasenbein S, Benoit JB, Sepulveda MS, Poelchau MF, Hughes DST, Murali SC, Chen S, Glastad KM, Goodisman MAD, Werren JH, Vineis JH, Bowen JL, Friedrich M, Jones J, Robertson HM, Feyereisen R, Mechler-Hickson A, Mathers N, Lee CE, Colbourne JK, Biales A, Johnston JS, Wellborn GA, Rosendale AJ, Cridge AG, Munoz-Torres MC, Bain PA, Manny AR, Major KM, Lambert FN, Vulpe CD, Tuck P, Blalock BJ, Lin YY, Smith ME, Ochoa-Acuña H, Chen MJM, Childers CP, Qu J, Dugan S, Lee SL, Chao H, Dinh H, Han Y, Doddapaneni H, Worley KC, Muzny DM, Gibbs RA, Richards S. The Toxicogenome of Hyalella azteca: A Model for Sediment Ecotoxicology and Evolutionary Toxicology. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:6009-6022. [PMID: 29634279 PMCID: PMC6091588 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b00837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Hyalella azteca is a cryptic species complex of epibenthic amphipods of interest to ecotoxicology and evolutionary biology. It is the primary crustacean used in North America for sediment toxicity testing and an emerging model for molecular ecotoxicology. To provide molecular resources for sediment quality assessments and evolutionary studies, we sequenced, assembled, and annotated the genome of the H. azteca U.S. Lab Strain. The genome quality and completeness is comparable with other ecotoxicological model species. Through targeted investigation and use of gene expression data sets of H. azteca exposed to pesticides, metals, and other emerging contaminants, we annotated and characterized the major gene families involved in sequestration, detoxification, oxidative stress, and toxicant response. Our results revealed gene loss related to light sensing, but a large expansion in chemoreceptors, likely underlying sensory shifts necessary in their low light habitats. Gene family expansions were also noted for cytochrome P450 genes, cuticle proteins, ion transporters, and include recent gene duplications in the metal sequestration protein, metallothionein. Mapping of differentially expressed transcripts to the genome significantly increased the ability to functionally annotate toxicant responsive genes. The H. azteca genome will greatly facilitate development of genomic tools for environmental assessments and promote an understanding of how evolution shapes toxicological pathways with implications for environmental and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen C Poynton
- School for the Environment , University of Massachusetts Boston , Boston , Massachusetts 02125 United States
| | - Simone Hasenbein
- Aquatic Systems Biology Unit , Technical University of Munich , D-85354 Freising , Germany
| | - Joshua B Benoit
- Department of Biological Sciences , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , Ohio 45221 United States
| | - Maria S Sepulveda
- Forestry and Natural Resources , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 United States
| | - Monica F Poelchau
- Agricultural Research Service, National Agricultural Library , U.S. Department of Agriculture , Beltsville , Maryland 20705 United States
| | - Daniel S T Hughes
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | - Shwetha C Murali
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | - Shuai Chen
- Forestry and Natural Resources , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 United States
- OmicSoft Corporation, Cary , North Carolina 27513 United States
| | - Karl M Glastad
- Perelman School of Medicine , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 United States
| | - Michael A D Goodisman
- School of Biological Sciences , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 United States
| | - John H Werren
- Biology Department , University of Rochester , Rochester , New York 14627 United States
| | - Joseph H Vineis
- Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Marine Science Center , Northeastern University , Nahant , Massachusetts 01908 United States
| | - Jennifer L Bowen
- Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Marine Science Center , Northeastern University , Nahant , Massachusetts 01908 United States
| | - Markus Friedrich
- Department of Biological Sciences , Wayne State University , Detroit Michigan 48202 United States
| | - Jeffery Jones
- Department of Biological Sciences , Wayne State University , Detroit Michigan 48202 United States
| | - Hugh M Robertson
- Department of Entomology , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 United States
| | - René Feyereisen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences , University of Copenhagen , DK-1871 Frederiksberg , Denmark
| | - Alexandra Mechler-Hickson
- Center of Rapid Evolution (CORE) and Department of Integrative Biology , University of Wisconsin , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 United States
| | - Nicholas Mathers
- Center of Rapid Evolution (CORE) and Department of Integrative Biology , University of Wisconsin , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 United States
| | - Carol Eunmi Lee
- Center of Rapid Evolution (CORE) and Department of Integrative Biology , University of Wisconsin , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 United States
| | - John K Colbourne
- School of Biosciences , University of Birmingham , Birmingham B15 2TT U.K
| | - Adam Biales
- National Exposure Research Laboratory , United States Environmental Protection Agency , Cincinnati , Ohio 45268 United States
| | - J Spencer Johnston
- Department of Entomology , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 United States
| | - Gary A Wellborn
- Department of Biology , University of Oklahoma , Norman , Oklahoma 73019 United States
| | - Andrew J Rosendale
- Department of Biological Sciences , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , Ohio 45221 United States
| | - Andrew G Cridge
- Laboratory for Evolution and Development, Department of Biochemistry , University of Otago , Dunedin , 9054 New Zealand
| | - Monica C Munoz-Torres
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California 94720 United States
| | - Peter A Bain
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Urrbrae SA 5064 Australia
| | - Austin R Manny
- Department of Microbiology & Cell Science , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611 United States
| | - Kaley M Major
- School for the Environment , University of Massachusetts Boston , Boston , Massachusetts 02125 United States
| | - Faith N Lambert
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611 United States
| | - Chris D Vulpe
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611 United States
| | - Padrig Tuck
- School for the Environment , University of Massachusetts Boston , Boston , Massachusetts 02125 United States
| | - Bonnie J Blalock
- School for the Environment , University of Massachusetts Boston , Boston , Massachusetts 02125 United States
| | - Yu-Yu Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics , National Taiwan University , Taipei , 10617 Taiwan
| | - Mark E Smith
- McConnell Group, Cincinnati , Ohio 45268 , United States
| | - Hugo Ochoa-Acuña
- Forestry and Natural Resources , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 United States
| | - Mei-Ju May Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics , National Taiwan University , Taipei , 10617 Taiwan
| | - Christopher P Childers
- Agricultural Research Service, National Agricultural Library , U.S. Department of Agriculture , Beltsville , Maryland 20705 United States
| | - Jiaxin Qu
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | - Shannon Dugan
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | - Sandra L Lee
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | - Hsu Chao
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | - Huyen Dinh
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | - Yi Han
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | | | - Kim C Worley
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | - Donna M Muzny
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | - Richard A Gibbs
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
| | - Stephen Richards
- Human Genome Sequencing Center , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 United States
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36
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Roh JY, Kim PG, Kwon JH. Comparative study of oxidative stress caused by anthracene and alkyl-anthracenes in Caenorhabditis elegans. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND TOXICOLOGY 2018; 33:e2018006. [PMID: 29631345 PMCID: PMC5903033 DOI: 10.5620/eht.e2018006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress was evaluated for anthracene (Ant) and alkyl-Ants (9-methylanthracene [9-MA] and 9,10-dimethylanthracene [9,10-DMA]) in Caenorhabditis elegans to compare changes in toxicity due to the degree of alkylation. Worms were exposed at 1) the same external exposure concentration and 2) the maximum water-soluble concentration. Formation of reactive oxygen species, superoxide dismutase activity, total glutathione concentration, and lipid peroxidation were determined under constant exposure conditions using passive dosing. The expression of oxidative stress-related genes (daf-2, sir-2.1, daf-16, sod-1, sod-2, sod-3 and cytochrome 35A/C family genes) was also investigated to identify and compare changes in the genetic responses of C. elegans exposed to Ant and alkyl-Ant. At the same external concentration, 9,10-DMA induced the greatest oxidative stress, as evidenced by all indicators, except for lipid peroxidation, followed by 9-MA and Ant. Interestingly, 9,10-DMA led to greater oxidative stress than 9-MA and Ant when worms were exposed to the maximum water-soluble concentration, although the maximum water-soluble concentration of 9,10-DMA is the lowest. Increased oxidative stress by alkyl-Ants would be attributed to higher lipid-water partition coefficient and the π electron density in aromatic rings by alkyl substitution, although this supposition requires further confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yeon Roh
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
- Unit of Industrial Chemical & Biocides, Knoell Korea Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Pil-Gon Kim
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Kwon
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
- Corresponding author: Jung-Hwan Kwon Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea E-mail:
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37
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Krause KE, Dinh KV, Nielsen TG. Increased tolerance to oil exposure by the cosmopolitan marine copepod Acartia tonsa. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 607-608:87-94. [PMID: 28688259 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Oil contamination is an environmental hazard to marine ecosystems, but marine organism tolerance to oil after many generations of exposure remains poorly known. We studied the effects of transgenerational oil exposure on fitness-related traits in a cosmopolitan neritic copepod, Acartia tonsa. Copepods were exposed to an oil compound, the PAH pyrene, at concentrations of 1, 10, 100 and 100+(the saturated pyrene concentration in seawater)nM over two generations and measured survival, sex ratio, size at maturity, grazing rate and reproductive success. Exposure to the pyrene concentration of 100+nM resulted in 100% mortality before adulthood in the first generation. At the pyrene concentration of 100nM, pyrene reduced grazing rate, increased mortality, reduced the size of females and caused lower egg production and hatching success. Importantly, we found strong evidence for increased tolerance to pyrene exposure in the second generation: the reduction in size at maturity of females was less pronounced in the second generation and survival, egg production and hatching success were recovered to control levels in the second generation. The increased tolerance of copepods to oil contamination may dampen the direct ecological consequences of a coastal oil spill, but it raises the concern whether a larger fraction of oil components accumulated in survived copepods, may be transferred up the food web.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamille Elvstrøm Krause
- Section for Oceans and Arctic, National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, bygning 201, Lyngby Campus, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Khuong V Dinh
- Section for Oceans and Arctic, National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, bygning 201, Lyngby Campus, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Torkel Gissel Nielsen
- Section for Oceans and Arctic, National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, bygning 201, Lyngby Campus, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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Han J, Won EJ, Kang HM, Lee MC, Jeong CB, Kim HS, Hwang DS, Lee JS. Marine copepod cytochrome P450 genes and their applications for molecular ecotoxicological studies in response to oil pollution. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 124:953-961. [PMID: 27686823 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Recently, accidental spills of heavy oil have caused adverse effects in marine organisms. Oil pollution can induce damages on development and reproduction, linking with detrimental effects on diverse molecular levels of genes and proteins in plankton and fish. However, most information was mainly focused on marine vertebrates and consequently, limited information was available in marine invertebrates. Furthermore, there is still a lack of knowledge bridging in vivo endpoints with the functional regulation of cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes in response to oil spill pollution in marine invertebrates. In this paper, adverse effects of oil spill pollution in marine invertebrates are summarized with the importance of CYP genes as a potential biomarker, applying for environmental monitoring to detect oil spill using marine copepods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghoon Han
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Won
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea; Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Ansan 15627, South Korea
| | - Hye-Min Kang
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Min-Chul Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Chang-Bum Jeong
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea; Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, South Korea
| | - Hui-Su Kim
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Dae-Sik Hwang
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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Kang HM, Jeong CB, Lee YH, Cui YH, Kim DH, Lee MC, Kim HS, Han J, Hwang DS, Lee SJ, Lee JS. Cross-reactivities of mammalian MAPKs antibodies in rotifer and copepod: Application in mechanistic studies in aquatic ecotoxicology. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 124:614-623. [PMID: 28012735 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) family is known to mediate various biological processes in response to diverse environmental pollutants. Although MAPKs are well characterized and studied in vertebrates, in invertebrates the cross-reactivities of MAPKs antibodies were not clearly known in response to environmental pollutants due to limited information of antibody epitopes with material resources for invertebrates. In this paper, we performed phylogenetic analysis of MAPKs genes in the marine rotifer Brachionus koreanus and the copepods Paracyclopina nana and Tigriopus japonicus. Also in rotifer and copepods, several studies of Western blot of MAPK signaling pathways were shown in response to environmental pollutants, including multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), water-accommodated fractions (WAFs) of crude oil, and microplastics. This paper will provide a better understanding of the underlying mechanistic scenario in terms of cross-reactivities of mammalian antibodies in rotifer and copepod.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Min Kang
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Chang-Bum Jeong
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea; Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, South Korea
| | - Young Hwan Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Yan-Hong Cui
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, South Korea
| | - Duck-Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Min-Chul Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Hui-Su Kim
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Jeonghoon Han
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Dae-Sik Hwang
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Su-Jae Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, South Korea
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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Han J, Kim DH, Kim HS, Kim HJ, Declerck SAJ, Hagiwara A, Lee JS. Genome-wide identification of 31 cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes in the freshwater rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus and analysis of their benzo[α]pyrene-induced expression patterns. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2017; 25:26-33. [PMID: 29126086 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
While marine invertebrate cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes and their roles in detoxification mechanisms have been studied, little information is available regarding freshwater rotifer CYPs and their functions. Here, we used genomic sequences and RNA-seq databases to identify 31 CYP genes in the freshwater rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus. The 31 Bc-CYP genes with a few tandem duplications were clustered into CYP 2, 3, 4, mitochondrial, and 46 clans with two marine rotifers Brachionus plicatilis and Brachionus koreanus. To understand the molecular responses of these 31 Bc-CYP genes, we also examined their expression patterns in response to benzo[α]pyrene (B[α]P). Three Bc-CYP genes (Bc-CYP3044B3, Bc-CYP3049B4, Bc-CYP3049B6) were significantly upregulated (P<0.05) in response to B[α]P, suggesting that these CYP genes can be involved in detoxification in response to B[α]P exposure. These genes might be useful as biomarkers of B[α]P exposure in B. calyciflorus. Overall, our findings expand the repertoire of known CYPs and shed light on their potential roles in xenobiotic detoxification in rotifers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghoon Han
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Duck-Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Hui-Su Kim
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Hee-Jin Kim
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Steven A J Declerck
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), PO Box 50, 6700 AB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Atsushi Hagiwara
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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Han J, Kim HS, Kim IC, Kim S, Hwang UK, Lee JS. Effects of water accommodated fractions (WAFs) of crude oil in two congeneric copepods Tigriopus sp. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 145:511-517. [PMID: 28783601 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.07.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Oil pollution has deleterious effects on marine ecosystems. However, the toxicity of crude oil towards Antarctic marine organisms has not been well studied. We compared the deleterious effects of water accommodated fractions (WAFs) of crude oil on reproduction, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and antioxidant enzymatic activity in Antarctic (Tigriopus kingsejongensis) and temperate (Tigriopus japonicus) copepods. Reproductive rates of T. kingsejongensis and T. japonicus were significantly reduced (P < 0.05) in response to WAFs. Furthermore, T. kingsejongensis showed elevated levels of ROS and higher antioxidant enzyme (glutathione peroxidase [GPx]) activity than T. japonicus in response to WAFs. CYP genes from congeneric copepods were identified and annotated to better understand molecular detoxification mechanisms. We observed significant up-regulation (P < 0.05) of Tk-CYP3024A3 and Tj-CYP3024A2 in response to WAFs, suggesting that CYP genes may contribute to the detoxification mechanism in response to WAF exposure. These finding also suggest that WAFs may induce oxidative stress, leading to reproductive impairment in copepods. Furthermore, Tk-CYP3024A3 and Tj-CYP3024A2 genes can be considered as potential biomarkers of WAF toxicity in the congeneric copepods T. kingsejongensis and T. japonicus. This study will be helpful for enhancing our knowledge on the harmful effects of WAFs in Antarctic and temperate copepods and provides insight into the underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghoon Han
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Hui-Su Kim
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Il-Chan Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, South Korea
| | - Sanghee Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, South Korea
| | - Un-Ki Hwang
- Marine Ecological Risk Assessment Center, West Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute, Incheon 46083, South Korea
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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Identification of 28 cytochrome P450 genes from the transcriptome of the marine rotifer Brachionus plicatilis and analysis of their expression. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2017; 23:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Hansen BH, Tarrant AM, Salaberria I, Altin D, Nordtug T, Øverjordet IB. Maternal polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) transfer and effects on offspring of copepods exposed to dispersed oil with and without oil droplets. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2017; 80:881-894. [PMID: 28841382 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2017.1352190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Copepods of the genus Calanus have the potential for accumulating lipophilic oil components due to their high lipid content and found to filter and ingest oil droplets during exposure. As female copepods produce eggs at the expense of lipid storage, there is a concern for transfer of lipophilic contaminants to offspring. To assess the potential for maternal transfer of oil components, ovigerous female copepods (Calanus finmarchicus) were exposed to filtered and unfiltered oil dispersions for 4 days, collected and eggs maintained in clean seawater and hatching and gene expression examined in hatched nauplii. Oil droplet exposure contributed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) uptake in dispersion-treated adult copepods, as displayed through PAH body residue analyses and fluorescence microscopy. Applying the latter methodology, transfer of heavy PAH from copepod mothers to offspring were detected Subtle effects were observed in offspring as evidenced by a temporal reduction in hatching success appear to be occurring only when mothers were exposed to the unfiltered oil dispersions. Offspring reared in clean water through to late naupliar stages were collected for RNA extraction and preparation of libraries for high-throughput transcriptome sequencing. Differentially expressed genes were identified through pairwise comparisons between treatments. Among these, several expressed genes have known roles in responses to chemical stress including xenobiotic metabolism enzymes, antioxidants, chaperones, and components of the inflammatory response. While gene expression results suggest a transgenerational activation of stress responses, the increase in relatively small number of differentially expressed genes suggests a minor long-term effect on offspring following maternal exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ann M Tarrant
- b Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution , Biology Department , Woods Hole , USA
| | - Iurgi Salaberria
- a SINTEF Ocean AS, Environmental Technology , Trondheim , Norway
| | | | - Trond Nordtug
- a SINTEF Ocean AS, Environmental Technology , Trondheim , Norway
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Lee CE, Remfert JL, Opgenorth T, Lee KM, Stanford E, Connolly JW, Kim J, Tomke S. Evolutionary responses to crude oil from the Deepwater Horizon oil spill by the copepod Eurytemora affinis. Evol Appl 2017; 10:813-828. [PMID: 29151873 PMCID: PMC5680418 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Disaster was the most catastrophic offshore oil spill in U.S. history, yet we still have a poor understanding of how organisms could evolve in response to the toxic effects of crude oil. This study offers a rare analysis of how fitness-related traits could evolve rapidly in response to crude oil toxicity. We examined evolutionary responses of populations of the common copepod Eurytemora affinis residing in the Gulf of Mexico, by comparing crude oil tolerance of populations collected before versus after the Deepwater Horizon oil spill of 2010. In addition, we imposed laboratory selection for crude oil tolerance for ~8 generations, using an E. affinis population collected from before the oil spill. We found evolutionary increases in crude oil tolerance in the wild population following the oil spill, relative to the population collected before the oil spill. The post-oil spill population showed increased survival and rapid development time in the presence of crude oil. In contrast, evolutionary responses following laboratory selection were less clear; though, development time from metamorphosis to adult in the presence of crude oil did become more rapid after selection. We did find that the wild population, used in both experiments, harbored significant genetic variation in crude oil tolerance, upon which selection could act. Thus, our study indicated that crude oil tolerance could evolve, but perhaps not on the relatively short time scale of the laboratory selection experiment. This study contributes novel insights into evolutionary responses to crude oil, in directly examining fitness-related traits before and after an oil spill, and in observing evolutionary responses following laboratory selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Eunmi Lee
- Center of Rapid Evolution (CORE) and Department of Integrative Biology University of Wisconsin, Madison Madison WI USA
| | - Jane Louise Remfert
- Center of Rapid Evolution (CORE) and Department of Integrative Biology University of Wisconsin, Madison Madison WI USA
| | - Taylor Opgenorth
- Center of Rapid Evolution (CORE) and Department of Integrative Biology University of Wisconsin, Madison Madison WI USA
| | - Kristin M Lee
- Center of Rapid Evolution (CORE) and Department of Integrative Biology University of Wisconsin, Madison Madison WI USA
| | - Elizabeth Stanford
- Center of Rapid Evolution (CORE) and Department of Integrative Biology University of Wisconsin, Madison Madison WI USA
| | - Joseph William Connolly
- Center of Rapid Evolution (CORE) and Department of Integrative Biology University of Wisconsin, Madison Madison WI USA
| | - Jinwoo Kim
- Center of Rapid Evolution (CORE) and Department of Integrative Biology University of Wisconsin, Madison Madison WI USA
| | - Sarah Tomke
- Center of Rapid Evolution (CORE) and Department of Integrative Biology University of Wisconsin, Madison Madison WI USA
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Park JC, Han J, Lee MC, Seo JS, Lee JS. Effects of triclosan (TCS) on fecundity, the antioxidant system, and oxidative stress-mediated gene expression in the copepod Tigriopus japonicus. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 189:16-24. [PMID: 28575748 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Triclosan (TCS) is an antimicrobial agent that has been widely dispersed and detected in the marine environment. However, the effects of TCS in marine invertebrates are poorly understood. In this study, the effects of TCS on life cycle history (e.g. mortality and fecundity) along with cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, GSH content, antioxidant enzymatic activities, and mRNA expression levels of oxidative stress-mediated genes were measured in the copepod Tigriopus japonicus. The no observed effect concentration (NOEC) and median lethal concentration (LC50) of TCS in the adult stage were determined to be 300μg/L and 437.476μg/L, respectively, while in the nauplius stages the corresponding values were 20μg/L, and 51.76μg/L, respectively. Fecundity was significantly reduced (P<0.05) in response to TCS at 100μg/L. Concentration- and time-dependent analysis of ROS, GSH content (%), and antioxidant enzymatic activities (e.g. GST, GPx, and SOD) were significantly increased (P<0.05) in response to TCS exposure. Additionally, mRNA expression of detoxification (e.g., CYPs) and antioxidant (e.g., glutathione S-transferase-sigma isoforms, Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase, catalase) genes was modulated in response to TCS exposure at different concentrations over a 24h period. Our results revealed that TCS can induce reduced fecundity and oxidative stress with transcriptional regulation of oxidative stress-mediated genes with activation of the antioxidant system in the copepod T. japonicus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chul Park
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Jeonghoon Han
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Min-Chul Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Jung Soo Seo
- Pathology Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, South Korea
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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Han J, Kim DH, Kim HS, Nelson DR, Lee JS. Genome-wide identification of 52 cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes in the copepod Tigriopus japonicus and their B[α]P-induced expression patterns. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2017; 23:49-57. [PMID: 28709111 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450s (CYPs) are enzymes with a heme-binding domain that are found in all living organisms. CYP enzymes have important roles associated with detoxification of xenobiotics and endogenous compounds (e.g. steroids, fatty acids, and hormones). Although CYP enzymes have been reported in several invertebrates, including insects, little is known about copepod CYPs. Here, we identified the entire repertoire of CYP genes (n=52) from whole genome and transcriptome sequences of the benthic copepod Tigriopus japonicus, including a tandem duplication (CYP3026A3, CYP3026A4, CYP3026A5), and examined patterns of gene expression over various developmental stages and in response to benzo[α]pyrene (B[α]P) exposure. Through phylogenetic analysis, the 52 T. japonicus CYP genes were assigned to five distinct clans: CYP2 (22 genes), CYP3 (19 genes), CYP4 (two genes), CYP20 (one gene), and mitochondrial (eight genes). Developmental stage and gender-specific expression patterns of the 52 T. japonicus CYPs were analyzed. CYP3022A1 was constitutively expressed during all developmental stages. CYP genes in clans 2 and 3 were induced in response to B[α]P, suggesting that these differentially modulated CYP transcripts are likely involved in defense against exposure to B[α]P and other pollutants. This study enhances our understanding of the repertoire of CYP genes in copepods and of their potential role in development and detoxification in copepods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghoon Han
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Duck-Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Hui-Su Kim
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - David R Nelson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN 38163, United States
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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Park JC, Han J, Lee MC, Kang HM, Jeong CB, Hwang DS, Wang M, Lee JS. Adverse effects of BDE-47 on life cycle parameters, antioxidant system, and activation of MAPK signaling pathway in the rotifer Brachionus koreanus. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 186:105-112. [PMID: 28282617 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
2,2',4,4'-Tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) is widely dispersed endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in the aquatic ecosystem. Due to its devastating effect on marine organisms and insufficient database on toxicology, we investigated the adverse effects of BDE-47 on life parameters and antioxidant defense system following the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in the monogonont rotifer Brachionus koreanus. In B. koreanus, the reduction in life cycle, fecundity, and population growth were observed in response to BDE-47. 50μg/L BDE-47 significantly reduced (P<0.05) life expectancy and net reproductive rate. In response to 10-50μg/L BDE-47 exposure, the oxidative stress was elicited via the generation of ROS, while the antioxidant related enzymes (e.g. glutathione S-transferase [GST] and glutathione reductase [GR]) have demonstrated significant activity levels (P<0.05) to further alleviate the oxidative stress in a concentration dependent manner. Furthermore, transcript profiles of antioxidant function (GST-A, -O, and -S1-S8)-related genes have shown the significant increase over 24h in response to BDE-47 (0, 10, 25, and 50μg/L). As for MAPK signaling pathway analysis, up-regulation of their activities was observed at 25μg/L BDE-47 but their activities have reduced at adult NOEC concentration of 50μg/L. This study provides a better understanding of the effects of BDE-47 on life parameters, molecular defense system, and activation of MAPK signaling pathway against generated oxidants in the rotifer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chul Park
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Jeonghoon Han
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Min-Chul Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Hye-Min Kang
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Chang-Bum Jeong
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Dae-Sik Hwang
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Minghua Wang
- Center for Marine Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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Puthumana J, Lee MC, Park JC, Kim HS, Hwang DS, Han J, Lee JS. Ultraviolet B radiation induces impaired lifecycle traits and modulates expression of cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes in the copepod Tigriopus japonicus. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 184:116-122. [PMID: 28131078 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the effects of ultraviolet B (UV-B) radiation at the developmental, reproductive, and molecular levels in aquatic invertebrates, we measured UV-B-induced acute toxicity, impairments in developmental and reproductive traits, and UV-B interaction with the entire family of cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes in the intertidal benthic copepod Tigriopus japonicus. We found a significant, dose-dependent reduction (P<0.05) in the survival of T. japonicus that began as a developmental delay and decreased fecundity. The 48h LD10 and LD50 were 1.35 and 1.84kJ/m2, and the CYP inhibitor (PBO) elevated mortality, confirming the involvement of CYP genes in UV-B induced toxicity. Low-dose UV-B (1.5kJ/m2) induced developmental delays, and higher doses (6-18kJ/m2) caused reproductive impairments in ovigerous females. The significant up-regulation of CYP genes belonging to clans 2/3/MT/4/20 in T. japonicus exposed to UV-B (12kJ/m2) confirmed molecular interaction between UV-B and CYP genes. Moreover, orphan CYPs, such as CYP20A1, provide good insight on the deorphanization of invertebrate CYPs. Overall, these results demonstrate the involvement of UV-B radiation in the expression of all the CYP genes in T. japonicus and their susceptibility to UV-B radiation. This will provide a better understanding of the mechanistic effects of UV-B in copepods through the predicted AhR-mediated up-regulation of CYP genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayesh Puthumana
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Min-Chul Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Jun Chul Park
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Hui-Su Kim
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Dae-Sik Hwang
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Jeonghoon Han
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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Han J, Kim DH, Seo JS, Kim IC, Nelson DR, Puthumana J, Lee JS. Assessing the identity and expression level of the cytochrome P450 20A1 (CYP20A1) gene in the BPA-, BDE-47, and WAF-exposed copepods Tigriopus japonicus and Paracyclopina nana. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 193:42-49. [PMID: 28088650 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
CYP20A1 is a member of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) superfamily, identified as an orphan P450 without any assigned biological function; hence, its continued status as an "orphan" gene. In order to address this shortcoming in our understanding of this superfamily, we sought to characterize the CYP20A1 gene in the copepods Tigriopus japonicus (Tj-CYP20A1) and Paracyclopina nana (Pn-CYP20A1) at their mRNA transcriptional level. We assessed the response of this gene's expression in various developmental stages and in response to treatment with bisphenol A (BPA), 2, 2', 4, 4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47), and water accommodated fractions (WAFs) of crude oil. As shown in the vertebrate CYP20A1, both Tj-CYP20A1 and Pn-CYP20A1 contained characteristic conserved motifs and domain regions (I helix, K helix and heme-binding motifs) with unusual amino acid sequences apparent in their gene structure. Also molecular characterization of the putative responsive elements in the promoter regions was performed. We observed transcriptional up-regulation of these genes during post-embryonic developmental stages including sex-specific up-regulation in adults. In addition, concentration- and time-dependent mRNA transcripts in response to xenobiotics (BPA, BDE-47, and WAFs) were seen. This study focuses on the molecular elucidation of CYP20A1 genes and their interactions with xenobiotics in the copepods T. japonicus and P. nana that provides important insight into the biological importance of CYP20A1 in invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghoon Han
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Duck-Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Jung Soo Seo
- Pathology Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, South Korea
| | - Il-Chan Kim
- Division of Polar Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, South Korea
| | - David R Nelson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN 38163, United States
| | - Jayesh Puthumana
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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Hwang DS, Lee MC, Kyung DH, Kim HS, Han J, Kim IC, Puthumana J, Lee JS. WAFs lead molting retardation of naupliar stages with down-regulated expression profiles of chitin metabolic pathway and related genes in the copepod Tigriopus japonicus. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 193:9-17. [PMID: 27939724 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Oil pollution is considered being disastrous to marine organisms and ecosystems. As molting is critical in the developmental process of arthropods in general and copepods, in particular, the impact will be adverse if the target of spilled oil is on molting. Thus, we investigated the harmful effects of water accommodated fractions (WAFs) of crude oil with an emphasis on inhibition of chitin metabolic pathways related genes and developmental retardation in the copepod Tigriopus japonicus. Also, we analysed the ontology and domain of chitin metabolic pathway genes and mRNA expression patterns of developmental stage-specific genes. Further, the developmental retardation followed by transcriptional modulations in nuclear receptor genes (NR) and chitin metabolic pathway-related genes were observed in the WAFs-exposed T. japonicus. As a result, the developmental time was found significantly (P<0.05) delayed in response to 40% WAFs in comparison with that of control. Moreover, the NR gene, HR3 and chitinases (CHT9 and CHT10) were up-regulated in N4-5 stages, while chitin synthase genes (CHS-1, CHS-2-1, and CHS-2-2) down-regulated in response to WAFs. In brief, a high concentration of WAFs repressed nuclear receptor genes but elicited activation of some of the transcription factors at low concentration of WAFs, resulting in suppression of chitin synthesis. Thus, we suggest that WAF can lead molting retardation of naupliar stages in T. japonicus through down-regulations of chitin metabolism. These findings will provide a better understanding of the mode of action of chitin biosynthesis associated with molting mechanism in WAF-exposed T. japonicus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae-Sik Hwang
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Min-Chul Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Do-Hyun Kyung
- Department of Molecular and Environmental Bioscience, Graduate School, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, South Korea
| | - Hui-Su Kim
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Jeonghoon Han
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Il-Chan Kim
- Division of Polar Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, South Korea
| | - Jayesh Puthumana
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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