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Palmeira-Pinto L, Emerenciano AK, Bergami E, Joviano WR, Rosa AR, Neves CL, Corsi I, Marques-Santos LF, Silva JRMC. Alterations induced by titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nano-TiO 2) in fertilization and embryonic and larval development of the tropical sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 188:106016. [PMID: 37167835 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The release of nanomaterials into the environment is the cause of an emerging concern. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nano-TiO2) among the most produced nanomaterials, has been documented in marine coastal areas posing a threat on marine biota. Sea urchin embryos are recognized as suitable bioindicators in ecological risk assessment and recently for nanomaterials. This study investigated the impact of nano-TiO2 on fertilization, embryonic and larval development of the tropical sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus in a range of concentrations (0.005-5 μg/mL) which includes environmentally relevant ones. The behavior of nano-TiO2 in tropical natural seawater was determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and toxicity was evaluated through fertilization and embryotoxicity tests, and morphological/morphometric analyses of sea urchin's larvae. Limited toxicity was recorded for nano-TiO2 in tropical sea urchin embryos and larvae, except for effects at the gastrula stage at 0.005 μg/mL. Large agglomerates of nano-TiO2 (5 μg/mL) were observed adhering onto sea urchin larvae thus probably preventing nanoparticles uptake at the highest concentrations (>0.005 μg/mL). Environmental levels of nano-TiO2 are able to cause toxicity on tropical sea urchin L. variegatus embryos with potential consequences on populations and their ecological role in tropical coastal areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Palmeira-Pinto
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1524, CEP, 05509-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - A K Emerenciano
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1524, CEP, 05509-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - E Bergami
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100, Siena, Italy; Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 213/D, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - W R Joviano
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1524, CEP, 05509-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - A R Rosa
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1524, CEP, 05509-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - C L Neves
- Pathophysiology Laboratory, Butantan Institute, CEP, 05503-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - I Corsi
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - L F Marques-Santos
- Department of Molecular Biology, Center for Exact and Nature Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba, Cidade Universitária s/n, Castelo Branco, CEP, 58051-900, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - J R M C Silva
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1524, CEP, 05509-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Ziani K, Ioniță-Mîndrican CB, Mititelu M, Neacșu SM, Negrei C, Moroșan E, Drăgănescu D, Preda OT. Microplastics: A Real Global Threat for Environment and Food Safety: A State of the Art Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:617. [PMID: 36771324 PMCID: PMC9920460 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Microplastics are small plastic particles that come from the degradation of plastics, ubiquitous in nature and therefore affect both wildlife and humans. They have been detected in many marine species, but also in drinking water and in numerous foods, such as salt, honey and marine organisms. Exposure to microplastics can also occur through inhaled air. Data from animal studies have shown that once absorbed, plastic micro- and nanoparticles can distribute to the liver, spleen, heart, lungs, thymus, reproductive organs, kidneys and even the brain (crosses the blood-brain barrier). In addition, microplastics are transport operators of persistent organic pollutants or heavy metals from invertebrate organisms to other higher trophic levels. After ingestion, the additives and monomers in their composition can interfere with important biological processes in the human body and can cause disruption of the endocrine, immune system; can have a negative impact on mobility, reproduction and development; and can cause carcinogenesis. The pandemic caused by COVID-19 has affected not only human health and national economies but also the environment, due to the large volume of waste in the form of discarded personal protective equipment. The remarkable increase in global use of face masks, which mainly contain polypropylene, and poor waste management have led to worsening microplastic pollution, and the long-term consequences can be extremely devastating if urgent action is not taken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Ziani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Food Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Corina-Bianca Ioniță-Mîndrican
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020945 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Magdalena Mititelu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Food Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Carolina Negrei
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020945 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elena Moroșan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Food Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Doina Drăgănescu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Physics and Informatics, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Olivia-Teodora Preda
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020945 Bucharest, Romania
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Burić P, Čarapar I, Pavičić-Hamer D, Kovačić I, Jurković L, Dutour Sikirić M, Domazet Jurašin D, Mikac N, Bačić N, Lyons DM. Particle Size Modulates Silver Nanoparticle Toxicity during Embryogenesis of Urchins Arbacia lixula and Paracentrotus lividus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:745. [PMID: 36614188 PMCID: PMC9821580 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles represent a threat to biota and have been shown to cause harm through a number of mechanisms, using a wide range of bioassay endpoints. While nanoparticle concentration has been primarily considered, comparison of studies that have used differently sized nanoparticles indicate that nanoparticle diameter may be an important factor that impacts negative outcomes. In considering this, the aim of the present study was to determine if different sizes of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs; 10, 20, 40, 60 and 100 nm) give rise to similar effects during embryogenesis of Mediterranean sea urchins Arbacia lixula and Paracentrotus lividus, or if nanoparticle size is a parameter that can modulate embryotoxicity and spermiotoxicity in these species. Fertilised embryos were exposed to a range of AgNP concentrations (1−1000 µg L−1) and after 48 h larvae were scored. Embryos exposed to 1 and 10 µg L−1 AgNPs (for all tested sizes) showed no negative effect in both sea urchins. The smaller AgNPs (size 10 and 20 nm) caused a decrease in the percentage of normally developed A. lixula larvae at concentrations ≥50 µg L−1 (EC50: 49 and 75 μg L−1, respectively) and at ≥100 µg L−1 (EC50: 67 and 91 μg L−1, respectively) for P. lividus. AgNPs of 40 nm diameter was less harmful in both species ((EC50: 322 and 486 μg L−1, for P. lividus and A. lixula, respectively)). The largest AgNPs (60 and 100 nm) showed a dose-dependent response, with little effect at lower concentrations, while more than 50% of larvae were developmentally delayed at the highest tested concentrations of 500 and 1000 µg L−1 (EC50(100 nm); 662 and 529 μg L−1, for P. lividus and A. lixula, respectively. While AgNPs showed no effect on the fertilisation success of treated sperm, an increase in offspring developmental defects and arrested development was observed in A. lixula larvae for 10 nm AgNPs at concentrations ≥50 μg L−1, and for 20 and 40 nm AgNPs at concentrations >100 μg L−1. Overall, toxicity was mostly ascribed to more rapid oxidative dissolution of smaller nanoparticles, although, in cases, Ag+ ion concentrations alone could not explain high toxicity, indicating a nanoparticle-size effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Burić
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, Zagrebačka 30, 52100 Pula, Croatia
| | - Ivana Čarapar
- Center for Marine Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Giordano Paliaga 5, 52210 Rovinj, Croatia
| | - Dijana Pavičić-Hamer
- Center for Marine Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Giordano Paliaga 5, 52210 Rovinj, Croatia
| | - Ines Kovačić
- Faculty of Educational Sciences, Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, Zagrebačka 30, 52100 Pula, Croatia
| | - Lara Jurković
- Center for Marine Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Giordano Paliaga 5, 52210 Rovinj, Croatia
| | - Maja Dutour Sikirić
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Darija Domazet Jurašin
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nevenka Mikac
- Division of Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Niko Bačić
- Division of Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Daniel Mark Lyons
- Center for Marine Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Giordano Paliaga 5, 52210 Rovinj, Croatia
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Abramenko N, Semenova M, Khina A, Zherebin P, Krutyakov Y, Krysanov E, Kustov L. The Toxicity of Coated Silver Nanoparticles and Their Stabilizers towards Paracentrotus lividus Sea Urchin Embryos. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4003. [PMID: 36432289 PMCID: PMC9695290 DOI: 10.3390/nano12224003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Surface modification of nanoparticles with different stabilizers is one of the most widely used methods to improve their stability and applicability. Silver nanoparticle (AgNPs) dispersions with biologically active stabilizers have great potential as plant protection products with synergetic antimicrobial properties and sufficient stability in terms of field application. The obtained AgNPs dispersions have the ability to enhance growth, increase yield and give better protection to various crops. At the same time, it is important to determine the fate, stability, and ecotoxicity of the applied nanosized products. The toxic effects of AgNPs dispersions and their constituents, organic stabilizers and additives, were evaluated using a phenotypic sea urchin embryo assay. Certain AgNPs dispersions with organic stabilizers demonstrated sufficient stability, even in seawater. The toxicity of the AgNPs decreased with the increasing tendency to agglomerate in seawater. Furthermore, the applied stabilizers were hazardous towards sea urchin embryos. They caused pronounced embryo abnormalities at 0.25-2.6 mg/L concentrations. AgNPs exhibited a lethal effect at concentrations that were equal to the MLC or exceeded the MEC of their stabilizers. Silver ions were more toxic towards sea urchin embryos than AgNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Abramenko
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry RAS, 47 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119991, Russia
- A.N. Severtsov Institute of Problems of Ecology and Evolution RAS, 33 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Marina Semenova
- N.K. Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology RAS, 26 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - Alexander Khina
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-3 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Pavel Zherebin
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-3 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Yurii Krutyakov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-3 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 1 Kurchatov Square, Moscow 123182, Russia
| | - Evgeny Krysanov
- A.N. Severtsov Institute of Problems of Ecology and Evolution RAS, 33 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Leonid Kustov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry RAS, 47 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-3 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia
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Kukla SP, Slobodskova VV, Zhuravel EV, Mazur AA, Chelomin VP. Exposure of adult sand dollars (Scaphechinus mirabilis) (Agassiz, 1864) to copper oxide nanoparticles induces gamete DNA damage. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:39451-39460. [PMID: 35103949 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18318-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The increase in the number of products containing nanoparticles (NPs) poses a real threat to the environment. Recently, more evidence has been added to predictive models about the presence of NPs in various natural and anthropogenic systems. The acute toxicity of most aquatic NPs has now been well documented. However, data such as the ecotoxicological significance of the long-lasting effects of NPs on the reproductive system and gamete quality of aquatic organisms are still relatively scarce. Therefore, a 10-day experiment was carried out on the sand dollar Scaphechinus mirabilis (Agassiz, 1864) exposed to low (20 and 40 μg/L) concentrations of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs). An accumulation of copper in tissues and a significant increase in lipid peroxidation product concentrations after exposure to NP were observed. A significant decrease in the fertilization rate was shown at 40 μg/L. No significant changes in embryonic or larval development were found. However, comet analysis results showed a significant increase in DNA damage in spermatozoa exposed to CuO NPs, which may further manifest as negative effects at later developmental stages or in subsequent generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Petrovich Kukla
- Laboratory of Marine Ecotoxicology, V.I. Il'ichev Pacific Oceanological Institute, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 43 Baltiyskaya St., Vladivostok, 690041, Russia.
| | - Valentina Vladimirovna Slobodskova
- Laboratory of Marine Ecotoxicology, V.I. Il'ichev Pacific Oceanological Institute, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 43 Baltiyskaya St., Vladivostok, 690041, Russia
| | - Elena Vladimirovna Zhuravel
- School of Natural Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, 10 Ajax Bay, Russky Island, Vladivostok, 690950, Russia
| | - Andrey Alexandrovich Mazur
- Laboratory of Marine Ecotoxicology, V.I. Il'ichev Pacific Oceanological Institute, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 43 Baltiyskaya St., Vladivostok, 690041, Russia
| | - Viktor Pavlovich Chelomin
- Laboratory of Marine Ecotoxicology, V.I. Il'ichev Pacific Oceanological Institute, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 43 Baltiyskaya St., Vladivostok, 690041, Russia
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Gambardella C, Marcellini F, Falugi C, Varrella S, Corinaldesi C. Early-stage anomalies in the sea urchin (Paracentrotus lividus) as bioindicators of multiple stressors in the marine environment: Overview and future perspectives. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 287:117608. [PMID: 34182396 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The morphological anomalies of the early development stages of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus, caused by exposure to environmental stressors, are used as biomarker in ecotoxicological and ecological investigations. Here, we reviewed the available literature and classified the embryo and larval anomalies identified so far, to highlight potential commonalities or differences related to the biological action of the different stressors and their ecological impact. Morphological anomalies are influenced by a) the developmental stage of exposure to stressors; b) the intensity of the stress; c) the intra- and inter-cellular mechanisms affected by the exposure to environmental agents. The classification and analysis of embryo and larvae anomalies, either observed by the authors of this review and reported in literature, indicate that sea urchin abnormalities, caused by exposure to different stressors, can be very similar among them and classified into 18 main types, which can occur individually or mixed. All anomalies can be used to calculate an Index of Contaminant Impact to assess the impact of multiple stressors and to identify relationships between morphological anomalies and compromised biological mechanisms. This approach could be useful for a first screening of the presence of potential stressors impairing the growth and development of the early life stages of marine organisms, thus providing a relevant advancement for in future monitoring activities devoted to assess the health status in coastal marine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Gambardella
- Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche - Istituto per Lo Studio Degli Impatti Antropici e Sostenibilità in Ambiente Marino (CNR-IAS), Via de Marini 6, 16149, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Carla Falugi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Della Vita e Dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Stefano Varrella
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Ingegneria Della Materia, Dell'Ambiente e Urbanistica, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Cinzia Corinaldesi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Ingegneria Della Materia, Dell'Ambiente e Urbanistica, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy.
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Carata E, Tenuzzo BA, Mariano S, Setini A, Fidaleo M, Dini L. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Genotoxicity and alteration of the Gene Regulatory Network expression during Paracentrotus lividus development in the presence of carbon nanoparticles. Toxicol Res 2021; 38:257. [PMID: 35415079 PMCID: PMC8960529 DOI: 10.1007/s43188-020-00081-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Araújo CVM, Rodríguez-Romero A, Fernández M, Sparaventi E, Medina MM, Tovar-Sánchez A. Repellency and mortality effects of sunscreens on the shrimp Palaemon varians: Toxicity dependent on exposure method. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 257:127190. [PMID: 32480091 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Contamination by sunscreens has become a serious environmental problem due to the increasing use of these products in coastal regions. Their complex chemical composition supposes an input of different chemical compounds capable of producing toxic effects and repelling organisms. The aim of the current study was to experimentally check the repellency of three commercial sunscreens [A (lotion), B (gel) and C (milk spray)] by assessing the escape (displacement towards areas with lower sunscreen levels) of the estuarine shrimp Palaemon varians exposed (4 h) to a gradient (0-300 mg/L) of the sunscreens in a heterogeneous non-forced exposure scenario. Additionally, mortality and immobility (72 h) were checked in a traditional forced exposure scenario. Considering that the toxicity of sunscreens is a little controversial regarding their chemical availability in the medium, two different methods of sunscreen solubilisation were tested: complete homogenization and direct immersion. Very low mortality was observed in the highest concentration of sunscreens A and C applied by direct immersion; however, for sunscreen B, the main effect was the loss of motility when homogenization was applied. Repellency was evidenced for two sunscreens (A and B) applied by direct immersion. The homogenization in the medium seemed to lower the degree of repellency of the sunscreens, probably linked to the higher viscosity in the medium, preventing the motility of shrimps. By integrating both short-term responses (avoidance and mortality/immobility), the PID (population immediate decline) calculated showed that avoidance might be the main factor responsible for the reduction of the population at the local scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano V M Araújo
- Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (CSIC), Campus Universitario Río San Pedro, 11519, Puerto Real, Spain.
| | - Araceli Rodríguez-Romero
- Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (CSIC), Campus Universitario Río San Pedro, 11519, Puerto Real, Spain; Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cádiz, Av. República Saharaui, Puerto Real, 11510 Cádiz, Spain
| | - Marco Fernández
- Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (CSIC), Campus Universitario Río San Pedro, 11519, Puerto Real, Spain
| | - Erica Sparaventi
- Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (CSIC), Campus Universitario Río San Pedro, 11519, Puerto Real, Spain
| | - Marina Márquez Medina
- Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (CSIC), Campus Universitario Río San Pedro, 11519, Puerto Real, Spain
| | - Antonio Tovar-Sánchez
- Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (CSIC), Campus Universitario Río San Pedro, 11519, Puerto Real, Spain
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Pikula K, Zakharenko A, Chaika V, Em I, Nikitina A, Avtomonov E, Tregubenko A, Agoshkov A, Mishakov I, Kuznetsov V, Gusev A, Park S, Golokhvast K. Toxicity of Carbon, Silicon, and Metal-Based Nanoparticles to Sea Urchin Strongylocentrotus Intermedius. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10091825. [PMID: 32933127 PMCID: PMC7557930 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
With the increasing annual production of nanoparticles (NPs), the risks of their harmful influence on the environment and human health are rising. However, our knowledge about the mechanisms of interaction between NPs and living organisms is limited. Prior studies have shown that echinoderms, and especially sea urchins, represent one of the most suitable models for risk assessment in environmental nanotoxicology. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius has not been used for testing the toxicity of NPs. The present study was designed to determine the effect of 10 types of common NPs on spermatozoa activity, egg fertilization, and early stage of embryo development of the sea urchin S. intermedius. In this research, we used two types of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNT-1 and CNT-2), two types of carbon nanofibers (CNF-1 and CNF-2), two types of silicon nanotubes (SNT-1 and SNT-2), nanocrystals of cadmium and zinc sulfides (CdS and ZnS), gold NPs (Au), and titanium dioxide NPs (TiO2). The results of the embryotoxicity test showed the following trend in the toxicity level of used NPs: Au > SNT-2 > SNT-1 > CdS > ZnS > CNF-2 > CNF-1 > TiO2 > CNT-1 > CNT-2. This research confirmed that the sea urchin S. intermedius can be considered as a sensitive and stable test model in marine nanotoxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Pikula
- Far Eastern Federal University, Sukhanova 8, 690950 Vladivostok, Russia; (A.Z.); (V.C.); (I.E.); (A.N.); (E.A.); (A.T.); (A.A.); (K.G.)
- N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, B.Morskaya 42-44, 190000 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Alexander Zakharenko
- Far Eastern Federal University, Sukhanova 8, 690950 Vladivostok, Russia; (A.Z.); (V.C.); (I.E.); (A.N.); (E.A.); (A.T.); (A.A.); (K.G.)
- N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, B.Morskaya 42-44, 190000 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vladimir Chaika
- Far Eastern Federal University, Sukhanova 8, 690950 Vladivostok, Russia; (A.Z.); (V.C.); (I.E.); (A.N.); (E.A.); (A.T.); (A.A.); (K.G.)
| | - Iurii Em
- Far Eastern Federal University, Sukhanova 8, 690950 Vladivostok, Russia; (A.Z.); (V.C.); (I.E.); (A.N.); (E.A.); (A.T.); (A.A.); (K.G.)
| | - Anna Nikitina
- Far Eastern Federal University, Sukhanova 8, 690950 Vladivostok, Russia; (A.Z.); (V.C.); (I.E.); (A.N.); (E.A.); (A.T.); (A.A.); (K.G.)
| | - Evgenii Avtomonov
- Far Eastern Federal University, Sukhanova 8, 690950 Vladivostok, Russia; (A.Z.); (V.C.); (I.E.); (A.N.); (E.A.); (A.T.); (A.A.); (K.G.)
| | - Anna Tregubenko
- Far Eastern Federal University, Sukhanova 8, 690950 Vladivostok, Russia; (A.Z.); (V.C.); (I.E.); (A.N.); (E.A.); (A.T.); (A.A.); (K.G.)
| | - Alexander Agoshkov
- Far Eastern Federal University, Sukhanova 8, 690950 Vladivostok, Russia; (A.Z.); (V.C.); (I.E.); (A.N.); (E.A.); (A.T.); (A.A.); (K.G.)
| | - Ilya Mishakov
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, Lavrentiev Ave. 5, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (I.M.); (V.K.)
| | - Vladimir Kuznetsov
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, Lavrentiev Ave. 5, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (I.M.); (V.K.)
| | - Alexander Gusev
- Tambov State University Named after G.R. Derzhavin, Internatsionalnaya 33, 392000 Tambov, Russia;
- National University of Science and Technology «MISIS», Leninskiy prospekt 4, 119049 Moscow, Russia
| | - Soojin Park
- Inha University, 100 Inharo, Nam-gu, Incheon 22212, Korea;
| | - Kirill Golokhvast
- Far Eastern Federal University, Sukhanova 8, 690950 Vladivostok, Russia; (A.Z.); (V.C.); (I.E.); (A.N.); (E.A.); (A.T.); (A.A.); (K.G.)
- N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, B.Morskaya 42-44, 190000 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
- Pacific Geographical Institute, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Radio 7, 690041 Vladivostok, Russia
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10
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Oliviero M, Schiavo S, Dumontet S, Manzo S. DNA damages and offspring quality in sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus sperms exposed to ZnO nanoparticles. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 651:756-765. [PMID: 30248658 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The recent advances in nanotechnology lead to a potential increase of the release of nanoparticles (NPs) into marine environment through different routes, with possible toxic effects upon the living part of this ecosystem. One of the ways of NPs marine contamination gaining today increasing concern stems from the widespread use cosmetics containing ZnO NPs as UV-filter. Although the possible adverse effects on marine organisms have been already ascertained, the information about the possible genotoxicity of ZnO NPs is still scant. In this work the spermiotoxicity of ZnO particles of different sizes (ZnO Bulk > 200 nm, ZnO NPs 100 nm and ZnO NPs 14 nm) was assessed, using Paracentrotus lividus spermatozoa, by evaluating the DNA damage of the exposed sperm, fertilization capability and DNA damage transmission to progeny. Our results showed that ZnO NPs induced DNA damages in spermatozoa after 30 min of exposure. While the sperm fertilization capability was not affected, morphological alterations (skeletal alterations) in offspring were observed and a positive correlation between sperm DNA damage and offspring quality was reported. This study underlines that a possible spermiotoxic action of ZnO NPs at concentration close to those reported in marine coastal water could occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Oliviero
- Department of Science and Technology, Parthenope University of Naples, Centro Direzionale - Isola C4, 80143 Naples, Italy; Enea CR Portici. P.le E. Fermi, 1, 80055 Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - Simona Schiavo
- Department of Science and Technology, Parthenope University of Naples, Centro Direzionale - Isola C4, 80143 Naples, Italy; Enea CR Portici. P.le E. Fermi, 1, 80055 Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - Stefano Dumontet
- Department of Science and Technology, Parthenope University of Naples, Centro Direzionale - Isola C4, 80143 Naples, Italy
| | - Sonia Manzo
- Enea CR Portici. P.le E. Fermi, 1, 80055 Portici, Naples, Italy.
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11
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Duan M, Xiong D, Yang M, Xiong Y, Ding G. Parental exposure to heavy fuel oil induces developmental toxicity in offspring of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 159:109-119. [PMID: 29730404 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.04.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the toxic effects of parental (maternal/paternal) exposure to heavy fuel oil (HFO) on the adult reproductive state, gamete quality and development of the offspring of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius. Adult sea urchins were exposed to effluents from HFO-oiled gravel columns for 7 days to simulate an oil-contaminated gravel shore, and then gametes of adult sea urchins were used to produce embryos to determine developmental toxicity. For adult sea urchins, no significant difference in the somatic size and weight was found between the various oil loadings tested, while the gonad weight and gonad index were significantly decreased at higher oil loadings. The spawning ability of adults and fecundity of females significantly decreased. For gametes, no effect was observed on the egg size and fertilization success in any of the groups. However, a significant increase in the percentage of anomalies in the offspring was observed and then quantified by an integrative toxicity index (ITI) at 24 and 48 h post fertilization. The offspring from exposed parents showed higher ITI values with more malformed embryos. The results confirmed that parental exposure to HFO can cause adverse effects on the offspring and consequently affect the recruitment and population maintenance of sea urchins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meina Duan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Linghai Road 1, Dalian 116026, Liaoning, China
| | - Deqi Xiong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Linghai Road 1, Dalian 116026, Liaoning, China.
| | - Mengye Yang
- School of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Yijun Xiong
- School of Biology and Chemistry, Grinnell College, 1115 8th Ave, Grinnell, IA 50112, USA
| | - Guanghui Ding
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Linghai Road 1, Dalian 116026, Liaoning, China
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12
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Gallo A, Manfra L, Boni R, Rotini A, Migliore L, Tosti E. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of CuO nanoparticles in sea urchin spermatozoa through oxidative stress. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 118:325-333. [PMID: 29960187 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) are extensively used in various industrial and commercial applications. Despite their wide application may lead to the contamination of marine ecosystem, their potential environmental effects remain to be determined. Toxicity assessment studies have primarily focused on investigating the effects of CuO NPs on fertilization success and embryo development of different sea urchin species while the impact on sperm quality have never been assessed. In this line, this study aims to assess the effects of CuO NPs on the spermatozoa of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. After sperm exposure to CuO NPs, biomarkers of sperm viability, cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, and genotoxicity as well as morphology were evaluated. Results showed that CuO NPs exposure decreased sperm viability, impaired mitochondrial activity and increased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, CuO NPs exposure caused DNA damage and morphological alterations. Together with the antioxidant rescue experiments, these results suggest that oxidative stress is the main driver of CuO NP spermiotoxic effects. The mechanism of toxicity is here proposed: the spontaneous generation of ROS induced by CuO NPs and the disruption of the mitochondrial respiratory chain lead to production of ROS that, in turn, induce lipid peroxidation and DNA damage, and result in defective spermatozoa up to induce sperm cytotoxicity. Investigating the effects of CuO NPs on sea urchin spermatozoa, this study provides valuable insights into the mechanism of reproductive toxicity induced by CuO NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Gallo
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Napoli, Italy
| | - Loredana Manfra
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Napoli, Italy; Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele Boni
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, 75100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Alice Rotini
- Department of Biology, University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Elisabetta Tosti
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Napoli, Italy.
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13
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Magesky A, Pelletier É. Cytotoxicity and Physiological Effects of Silver Nanoparticles on Marine Invertebrates. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1048:285-309. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-72041-8_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
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14
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Gambardella C, Ferrando S, Gatti AM, Cataldi E, Ramoino P, Aluigi MG, Faimali M, Diaspro A, Falugi C. Review: Morphofunctional and biochemical markers of stress in sea urchin life stages exposed to engineered nanoparticles. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2016; 31:1552-1562. [PMID: 26031494 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We describe the use of different life stages of the Mediterranean sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus for the assessment of the possible risk posed by nanoparticles (NPs) in the coastal water. A first screening for the presence of NPs in sea water may be obtained by checking their presence inside tissues of organisms taken from the wild. The ability of NPs to pass from gut to the coelomic fluid is demonstrated by accumulation in sea urchin coelomocytes; the toxicity on sperms can be measured by embryotoxicity markers after sperm exposure, whereas the transfer through the food chain can be observed by developmental anomalies in larvae fed with microalgae exposed to NPs. The most used spermiotoxicity and embryotoxicity tests are described, as well as the biochemical and histochemical analyses of cholinesterase (ChE) activities, which are used to verify toxicity parameters such as inflammation, neurotoxicity, and interference in cell-to-cell communication. Morphological markers of toxicity, in particular skeletal anomalies, are described and classified. In addition, NPs may impair viability of the immune cells of adult specimens. Molecular similarity between echinoderm and human immune cells is shown and discussed. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 31: 1552-1562, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Gambardella
- Institute of Marine Science, National Research Council (CNR), Genova, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Marco Faimali
- Institute of Marine Science, National Research Council (CNR), Genova, Italy
| | - Alberto Diaspro
- Department of Nanophysics, Italian Institute of Technology (IIT), Genova, Italy
| | - Carla Falugi
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISVA), Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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15
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Kanold JM, Wang J, Brümmer F, Šiller L. Metallic nickel nanoparticles and their effect on the embryonic development of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 212:224-229. [PMID: 26849528 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Revised: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The presence of nanoparticles in many industrial applications and daily products is making it nowadays crucial to assess their impact when exposed to the environment. Metallic nickel nanoparticles (Ni NPs) are of high industrial interest due to their ability to catalyze the reversible hydration of CO2 to carbonic acid at ambient conditions. We characterized metallic Ni NPs by XRD, HRTEM and EDS and determined the solubility of free nickel ions from 3 mg/L metallic Ni NPs in seawater by ICP-MS over 96 h, which was below 3%. Further, embryonic development of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus was investigated for 48 h in the presence of metallic Ni NPs (0.03 mg/L to 3 mg/L), but no lethal effects were observed. However, 3 mg/L metallic Ni NPs caused a size reduction similar to 1.2 mg/L NiCl2*6 H2O. The obtained results contribute to current studies on metallic Ni NPs and point to their consequences for the marine ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Maxi Kanold
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomolecular Systems, Department of Zoology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Jiabin Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Franz Brümmer
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomolecular Systems, Department of Zoology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Lidija Šiller
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK.
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16
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Díaz-Garduño B, Rueda-Márquez JJ, Manzano MA, Garrido-Pérez C, Martín-Díaz ML. Are combined AOPs effective for toxicity reduction in receiving marine environment? Suitability of battery of bioassays for wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent as an ecotoxicological assessment. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 114:1-11. [PMID: 26741736 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2015.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Ecotoxicological assessment of three different wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents D1, D2 and D3 was performed before and after tertiary treatment using combination of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). A multibarrier treatment (MBT) consisting of microfiltration (MF), hydrogen peroxide photolysis (H2O2/UVC) and catalytic wet peroxide oxidation (CWPO) was applied for all effluents. Sparus aurata, Paracentrotus lividus, Isochrysis galbana and Vibrio fischeri, representing different trophic levels, constituted the battery of bioassays. Different acute toxicity effects were observed in each WWTP effluents tested. The percentage of sea urchin larval development and mortality fish larvae were the most sensitive endpoints. Significant reduction (p < 0.05) of effluent's toxicity was observed using a classification pT-method after MBT process. Base on obtained results, tested battery of bioassays in pT-method framework can be recommended for acute toxicity preliminary evaluation of WWTP effluents for the marine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Díaz-Garduño
- Physical Chemical Department, Centro Andaluz de Ciencia y Tecnología Marina (CACYTMAR), Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEI·MAR), Universidad de Cádiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
| | - J J Rueda-Márquez
- Environmental Technologies Department, Centro Andaluz de Ciencia y Tecnología Marina (CACYTMAR), Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEI·MAR), Universidad de Cádiz. Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - M A Manzano
- Environmental Technologies Department, Centro Andaluz de Ciencia y Tecnología Marina (CACYTMAR), Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEI·MAR), Universidad de Cádiz. Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - C Garrido-Pérez
- Environmental Technologies Department, Centro Andaluz de Ciencia y Tecnología Marina (CACYTMAR), Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEI·MAR), Universidad de Cádiz. Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - M L Martín-Díaz
- Physical Chemical Department, Centro Andaluz de Ciencia y Tecnología Marina (CACYTMAR), Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEI·MAR), Universidad de Cádiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
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17
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Raman V, Suresh S, Savarimuthu PA, Raman T, Tsatsakis AM, Golokhvast KS, Vadivel VK. Synthesis of Co 3O 4 nanoparticles with block and sphere morphology, and investigation into the influence of morphology on biological toxicity. Exp Ther Med 2015; 11:553-560. [PMID: 26893646 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, cobalt oxide (Co3O4) magnetic nanoparticles with block and sphere morphologies were synthesized using various surfactants, and the toxicity of the particles was analyzed by monitoring biomarkers of nanoparticle toxicity in zebrafish. The use of tartarate as a surfactant produced highly crystalline blocks of Co3O4 nanoparticles with pores on the sides, whereas citrate lead to the formation of nanoparticles with a spherical morphology. Co3O4 structure, crystallinity, size and morphology were studied using X-ray diffractogram and field emission scanning electron microscopy. Following an increase in nanoparticle concentration from 1 to 200 ppm, there was a corresponding increase in nitric oxide (NO) generation, induced by both types of nanoparticles [Co3O4-NP-B (block), r=0.953; Co3O4-NP-S (sphere), r=1.140]. Comparative analyses indicated that both types of nanoparticle produced significant stimulation at ≥5 ppm (P<0.05) compared with a control. Upon analyzing the effect of nanoparticle morphology on NO generation, it was observed that Co3O4-NP-S was more effective compared with Co3O4-NP-B (5 and 100 ppm, P<0.05; 200 ppm, P<0.01). Exposure to both types of nanoparticles produced reduction in liver glutathione (GSH) activity with corresponding increase in dose (Co3O4-NP-B, r=-0.359; Co3O4-NP-S, r=-0.429). However, subsequent analyses indicated that Co3O4-NP-B was more potent in inhibiting liver GSH activity compared with Co3O4-NP-S. Co3O4-NP-B proved to be toxic at 5 ppm (P<0.05) and GSH activity was almost completely inhibited at 200 ppm. A similar toxicity was observed with both types of Co3O4-NPs against brain levels of acetylcholinesterase (AChE; Co3O4-NP-B, r=-0.180; Co3O4-NP-S, r=-0.230), indicating the ability of synthesized Co3O4-NPs to cross the blood-brain barrier and produce neuronal toxicity. Co3O4-NP-B showed increased inhibition of brain AChE activity compared with Co3O4-NP-S (1,5, and 10 ppm, P<0.05; 50, 100 and 200 ppm, P<0.01). These results suggested that the morphology of nanoparticle and surface area contribute to toxicity, which may have implications for their biological application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkataramanan Raman
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613401, India
| | - Shruthi Suresh
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613401, India
| | | | - Thiagarajan Raman
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613401, India; Department of Centre for Research on Infectious Diseases, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613401, India
| | - Aristides Michael Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece; Scientific Educational Center of Nanotechnology, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690990, Russian Federation
| | - Kiril Sergeevich Golokhvast
- Scientific Educational Center of Nanotechnology, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690990, Russian Federation
| | - Vinod Kumar Vadivel
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613401, India
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18
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Gambardella C, Morgana S, Bari GD, Ramoino P, Bramini M, Diaspro A, Falugi C, Faimali M. Multidisciplinary screening of toxicity induced by silica nanoparticles during sea urchin development. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 139:486-495. [PMID: 26291678 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.07.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the potential toxicity of Silica nanoparticles (SiO2 NPs) in seawater by using the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus as biological model. SiO2 NPs exposure effects were identified on the sperm of the sea urchin through a multidisciplinary approach, combining developmental biology, ecotoxicology, biochemistry, and microscopy analyses. The following responses were measured: (i) percentage of eggs fertilized by exposed sperm; (ii) percentage of anomalies and undeveloped embryos and larvae; (iii) enzyme activity alterations (acetylcholinesterase, AChE) in the early developmental stages, namely gastrula and pluteus. Sperms were exposed to seawater containing SiO2 NPs suspensions ranging from 0.0001mg/L to 50mg/L. Fertilization ability was not affected at any concentration, whereas a significant percentage of anomalies in the offspring were observed and quantified by means of EC50 at gastrula stage, including undeveloped and anomalous embryos (EC50=0.06mg/L), and at pluteus stage, including skeletal anomalies and delayed larvae (EC50=0.27mg/L). Moreover, morphological anomalies were observed in larvae at pluteus stage, by immunolocalizing molecules involved in larval development and neurotoxicity effects - such as acetylated tubulin and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) - and measuring AChE activity. Exposure of sea urchins to SiO2 NPs caused neurotoxic damage and a decrease of AChE expression in a non-dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, through the multidisciplinary approach used in this study SiO2 NPs toxicity in sea urchin offspring could be assessed. Therefore, the measured responses are suitable for detecting embryo- and larval- toxicity induced by these NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Gambardella
- Institute of Marine Science (ISMAR), National Council of Researches (CNR), Via De Marini 6, 16149 Genova, Italy.
| | - Silvia Morgana
- Institute of Marine Science (ISMAR), National Council of Researches (CNR), Via De Marini 6, 16149 Genova, Italy
| | - Gaetano Di Bari
- Institute of Marine Science (ISMAR), National Council of Researches (CNR), Via De Marini 6, 16149 Genova, Italy
| | - Paola Ramoino
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), Università di Genova, Viale Benedetto XV 5, 16136 Genova, Italy
| | - Mattia Bramini
- IIT, Italian Institute of Technology, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Alberto Diaspro
- IIT, Italian Institute of Technology, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Carla Falugi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences (DISVA), Marche Polytechnic University, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Marco Faimali
- Institute of Marine Science (ISMAR), National Council of Researches (CNR), Via De Marini 6, 16149 Genova, Italy
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19
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Burić P, Jakšić Ž, Štajner L, Dutour Sikirić M, Jurašin D, Cascio C, Calzolai L, Lyons DM. Effect of silver nanoparticles on Mediterranean sea urchin embryonal development is species specific and depends on moment of first exposure. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2015; 111:50-59. [PMID: 26164225 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2015.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
With the ever growing use of nanoparticles in a broad range of industrial and consumer applications there is increasing likelihood that such nanoparticles will enter the aquatic environment and be transported through freshwater systems, eventually reaching estuarine or marine waters. Due to silver's known antimicrobial properties and widespread use of silver nanoparticles (AgNP), their environmental fate and impact is therefore of particular concern. In this context we have investigated the species-specific effects of low concentrations of 60 nm AgNP on embryonal development in Mediterranean sea urchins Arbacia lixula, Paracentrotus lividus and Sphaerechinus granularis. The sensitivity of urchin embryos was tested by exposing embryos to nanoparticle concentrations in the 1-100 μg L(-1) range, with times of exposure varying from 30 min to 24 h (1 h-48 h for S. granularis) post-fertilisation which corresponded with fertilized egg, 4 cell, blastula and gastrula development phases. The most sensitive species to AgNP was A. lixula with significant modulation of embryonal development at the lowest AgNP concentrations of 1-10 μg L(-1) with high numbers of malformed embryos or arrested development. The greatest impact on development was noted for those embryos first exposed to nanoparticles at 6 and 24 h post fertilisation. For P. lividus, similar effects were noted at higher concentrations of 50 μg L(-1) and 100 μg L(-1) for all times of first exposure. The S. granularis embryos indicated a moderate AgNP impact, and significant developmental abnormalities were recorded in the concentration range of 10-50 μg L(-1). As later post-fertilisation exposure times to AgNP caused greater developmental changes in spite of a shorter total exposure time led us to postulate on additional mechanisms of AgNP toxicity. The results herein indicate that toxic effects of AgNP are species-specific. The moment at which embryos first encounter AgNP is also shown to be an important factor in the development of abnormalities, and future applications of the sea urchin embryo development test for nanoparticle toxicity testing should carefully address the specific phase of development of embryos when nanoparticles are first introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Burić
- Center for Marine Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Giordano Paliaga 5, 52210 Rovinj, Croatia
| | - Željko Jakšić
- Center for Marine Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Giordano Paliaga 5, 52210 Rovinj, Croatia
| | - Lara Štajner
- Center for Marine Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Giordano Paliaga 5, 52210 Rovinj, Croatia
| | - Maja Dutour Sikirić
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Darija Jurašin
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Claudia Cascio
- European Commission - Joint Research Centre, Institute for Health and Consumer Protection, T.P. 203, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Luigi Calzolai
- European Commission - Joint Research Centre, Institute for Health and Consumer Protection, T.P. 203, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Daniel Mark Lyons
- Center for Marine Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Giordano Paliaga 5, 52210 Rovinj, Croatia.
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20
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Gambardella C, Costa E, Piazza V, Fabbrocini A, Magi E, Faimali M, Garaventa F. Effect of silver nanoparticles on marine organisms belonging to different trophic levels. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2015; 111:41-9. [PMID: 26065810 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2015.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Revised: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) are increasingly used in a wide range of consumer products and such an extensive use raises questions about their safety and environmental toxicity. We investigated the potential toxicity of Ag-NPs in the marine ecosystem by analyzing the effects on several organisms belonging to different trophic levels. Algae (Dunaliella tertiolecta, Skeletonema costatum), cnidaria (Aurelia aurita jellyfish), crustaceans (Amphibalanus amphitrite and Artemia salina) and echinoderms (Paracentrotus lividus) were exposed to Ag-NPs and different end-points were evaluated: algal growth, ephyra jellyfish immobilization and frequency of pulsations, crustaceans mortality and swimming behavior, and sea urchin sperm motility. Results showed that all the end-points were able to underline a dose-dependent effect. Jellyfish were the most sensitive species, followed by barnacles, sea urchins, green algae, diatoms and brine shrimps. In conclusion, Ag-NPs exposure can influence different trophic levels within the marine ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elisa Costa
- CNR - ISMAR, Arsenale - Tesa 104, Castello 2737/F, 30122 Venezia, Italy
| | | | | | - Emanuele Magi
- DCCI, University of Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova, Italy
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Mesarič T, Sepčić K, Drobne D, Makovec D, Faimali M, Morgana S, Falugi C, Gambardella C. Sperm exposure to carbon-based nanomaterials causes abnormalities in early development of purple sea urchin (Paracentrotus lividus). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 163:158-166. [PMID: 25897690 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We examined egg fertilisation in purple sea urchin (Paracentrotus lividus) after sperm exposure to carbon-based nanomaterials, carbon black (CB) and graphene oxide (GO), from 0.0001 mg/L to 1.0mg/L. Gastrula stage embryos were investigated for acetylcholinesterase and propionylcholinesterase activities, and their morphological characteristics. Plutei were analysed for morphological abnormalities, with emphasis on skeletal rod formation. Egg fertilisation was significantly affected by CB, at all concentrations tested. Loss of cell adhesion at the gastrula surface was observed in eggs fertilised with sperm treated with CB. However, concentration-dependent morphological anomalies were observed in the gastrulae and plutei formed after sperm exposure to either CB or GO. The activities of both cholinesterases decreased in the gastrulae, although not in a concentration-dependent manner. These effects appear to arise from physical interactions between these carbon-based nanomaterials and the sperm, whereby nanomaterials attached to the sperm surface interfere with fertilisation, which leads to disturbances in the signalling pathways of early embryonic development. Reduced cholinesterase activity in gastrulae from eggs fertilised with nanomaterial-treated sperm confirms involvement of the cholinergic system in early sea urchin development, including skeletogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Mesarič
- Department of Biology Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Kristina Sepčić
- Department of Biology Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Damjana Drobne
- Department of Biology Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia; Centre of Excellence in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Darko Makovec
- Centre of Excellence in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Institute Jožef Stefan, Jamova 39, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marco Faimali
- Institute of Marine Sciences, National Research Council, Genova, Italy
| | - Silvia Morgana
- Institute of Marine Sciences, National Research Council, Genova, Italy
| | - Carla Falugi
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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