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Kuprijanov I, Buhhalko N, Eriksson U, Sjöberg V, Rotander A, Kolesova N, Lipp M, Buschmann F, Hashmi A, Liblik T, Lehtonen KK. A case study on microlitter and chemical contaminants: Assessing biological effects in the southern coast of the Gulf of Finland (Baltic sea) using the mussel Mytilus trossulus as a bioindicator. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 199:106628. [PMID: 38968804 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Chemical and microlitter (ML) pollution in three Estonian coastal areas (Baltic Sea) was investigated using mussels (Mytilus trossulus). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in mussel tissues were observed in moderate levels with high bioaccumulation factors for the more hydrophilic and low molecular weight PAH (LMW PAH), namely anthracene and fluorene. Tissue concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) and cadmium within mussel populations exceeded the Good Environmental Status thresholds by more than 200% and 60%, respectively. Multiple contamination at the Muuga Harbour site by tributyltin, high molecular weight PAH, including the highly toxic benzo[c]fluorene and PBDE, coincided with the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity and a lower condition index of the mussels. The metabolization and removal of bioaccumulated LMW PAH, reflected in the dominance of oxy-PAH such as anthracene-9,10-dione, is likely associated with the increased activity of glutathione S-transferase in caged mussels. Only a few microplastic particles were observed among the ML in mussel tissues, with coloured cellulose-based microfibers being the most prevalent. The average concentration of ML in mussels was significantly higher at the harbour area than at other sites. The integrated biomarker response index values allowed for the differentiation of pollution levels across studied locations representing high, intermediate, and low pollution levels within the studied area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Kuprijanov
- Department of Marine Systems, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia Tee 15a, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia.
| | - Natalja Buhhalko
- Department of Marine Systems, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia Tee 15a, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Ulrika Eriksson
- School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Grenadjärgatan 8, 703 65, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Viktor Sjöberg
- School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Grenadjärgatan 8, 703 65, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Anna Rotander
- School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Grenadjärgatan 8, 703 65, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Natalja Kolesova
- Department of Marine Systems, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia Tee 15a, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Maarja Lipp
- Department of Marine Systems, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia Tee 15a, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Fred Buschmann
- Department of Marine Systems, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia Tee 15a, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Arslan Hashmi
- School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Grenadjärgatan 8, 703 65, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Taavi Liblik
- Department of Marine Systems, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia Tee 15a, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Kari K Lehtonen
- Marine and Freshwater Solutions Unit, Finnish Environment Institute (Syke), Agnes Sjöbergin Katu 2, FI-00790, Helsinki, Finland
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England E, Morris JW, Bussy C, Hancox JC, Shiels HA. The key characteristics of cardiotoxicity for the pervasive pollutant phenanthrene. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 469:133853. [PMID: 38503207 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
The key characteristic (KCs) framework has been used previously to assess the carcinogenicity and cardiotoxicity of various chemical and pharmacological agents. Here, the 12 KCs of cardiotoxicity are used to evaluate the previously reported cardiotoxicity of phenanthrene (Phe), a tricyclic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), and major component of fossil fuel-derived air pollution. Phe is a semi-volatile pollutant existing in both the gas phase and particle phase through adsorption onto or into particulate matter (PM). Phe can translocate across the airways and gastrointestinal tract into the systemic circulation, enabling body-wide effects. Our evaluation based on a comprehensive literature review, indicates Phe exhibits 11 of the 12 KCs for cardiotoxicity. These include adverse effects on cardiac electromechanical performance, the vasculature and endothelium, immunomodulation and oxidative stress, and neuronal and endocrine control. Environmental agents that have similarly damaging effects on the cardiovascular system are heavily regulated and monitored, yet globally there is no air quality regulation specific for PAHs like Phe. Environmental monitoring of Phe is not the international standard with benzo[a]pyrene being frequently used as a proxy despite the two PAH species exhibiting significant differences in sources, concentration variations and toxic effects. The evidence summarised in this evaluation highlights the need to move away from proxied PAH measurements and develop a monitoring network capable of measuring Phe concentration. It also stresses the need to raise awareness amongst the medical community of the potential cardiovascular impact of PAH exposure. This will allow the production of mitigation strategies and possibly the development of new policies for the protection of the societal groups most vulnerable to cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- E England
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - J W Morris
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - C Bussy
- Division of Immunology, Immunity to Infection, and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, UK
| | - J C Hancox
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - H A Shiels
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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Ahmed SAA, Ibrahim RE, Younis EM, Abdelwarith AA, Faroh KY, El Gamal SA, Badr S, Khamis T, Mansour AT, Davies SJ, ElHady M. Antagonistic Effect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Dietary Supplementation Against Chronic Copper Waterborne Exposure on Growth, Behavioral, Biochemical, and Gene Expression Alterations of African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822). Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04115-6. [PMID: 38416342 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04115-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
The harmful impact of waterborne copper (Cu) as a common abiotic stressor in aquatic environments has gained much more interest. The present study aimed to investigate the utilization of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) dietary supplementation to mitigate the chronic toxicity of Cu in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Two hundred and forty fish (92.94 ± 0.13 g) were assigned into six groups for 60 days. Control (C), ZnONPs20, and ZnONPs30 groups were fed on basal diets fortified with 0, 20, and 30 mg kg-1 ZnONPs without Cu exposure. Cu, Cu + ZnONPs20, and Cu + ZnONPs30 groups were exposed to Cu at a dose of 10 mg L-1 and fed on basal diets fortified with 0, 20, and 30 mg kg-1 ZnONPs, respectively. The results revealed that the Cu-exposed fish experienced abnormal clinical signs and behavioral changes. The growth indices and acetylcholine esterase activity were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) in the Cu group. Meanwhile, hepatorenal and serum stress indices (P < 0.05) were significantly elevated with chronic Cu exposure. In addition, a higher expression of stress (P < 0.05) (heat shock protein 60 and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha) and apoptotic-related genes (C/EBP homologous protein, caspase-3, and Bcl-2 Associated X-protein) with down-regulation (P < 0.05) of the anti-apoptotic-related genes (B-cell lymphoma 2 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen) was noticed in the Cu-exposed fish. Histopathological alterations in the gills, liver, kidney, and spleen were markedly reported in the Cu-exposed group. The dietary supplementation with ZnONPs significantly alleviated the negative impacts of chronic waterborne-Cu exposure on growth performance, physiological changes, gene expression, and tissue architecture, especially at 30 mg kg-1 diet level. In particular, the inclusion of ZnONPs at the 30 mg kg-1 diet level produced better outcomes than the 20 mg kg-1 diet. Overall, ZnONPs could be added as a feed supplement in the C. gariepinus diet to boost the fish's health and productivity and alleviate the stress condition brought on by Cu exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa A A Ahmed
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Rowida E Ibrahim
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt.
| | - Elsayed M Younis
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelwahab A Abdelwarith
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled Yehia Faroh
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Central Lab, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), P.O. Box 12619, Giza, Egypt
| | - Samar A El Gamal
- Department of Fish Diseases, Mansoura Branch, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Giza, Egypt
| | - Shereen Badr
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Mansoura Branch, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Giza, Egypt
| | - Tarek Khamis
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Abdallah Tageldein Mansour
- Fish and Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21531, Egypt.
| | - Simon J Davies
- Aquaculture Nutrition Research Unit ANRU, Carna Research Station, Ryan Institute, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Galway, H91V8Y1, Ireland
| | - Mohamed ElHady
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
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Ledesma M, Gorokhova E, Nybom I, Sobek A, Ahlström D, Garbaras A, Karlson AM. Does pre-exposure to polluted sediment affect sub-cellular to population-level responses to contaminant exposure in a sentinel species? ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 341:122882. [PMID: 37951527 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Understanding how key-species respond to anthropogenic stress such as chemical pollution is critical for predicting ecosystem changes. Little is however known about the intra-specific variability in the physiological and biochemical traits involved in contaminant exposure responses. Here, we explored this idea by exposing the Baltic amphipod Monoporeia affinis from two sites, one moderately polluted and one more pristine, to a sediment spiked with PAHs and PCBs. We evaluated the amphipods responses related to feeding, growth, a stress biomarker (acetylcholinesterase [AChE] inhibition) and stable isotope (δ13C and δ15N) composition including isotope niche analyses. More adverse responses were expected in animals from the low-pollution site than those from the high-pollution site due to tolerance development in the latter. Amphipods from both populations showed a ∼30% AChE inhibition when exposed to the contaminant spiked sediment. However, both controls and exposed amphipods from the high-pollution site had higher survival, nutrient uptake and condition status than the amphipods from the low-pollution site, which did not feed on the added diatoms as indicated by their isotope values. We found no signs of population-specific responses in physiological adjustments to contaminants with regard to classic ecotoxicological biomarkers such as AChE inhibition and growth status. Instead, isotope niche analyses proved useful in assessing contaminant stress responses at the population level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matias Ledesma
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Science, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius Väg 20, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Elena Gorokhova
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius Väg 8, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Inna Nybom
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius Väg 8, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 16, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Anna Sobek
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius Väg 8, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel Ahlström
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Science, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius Väg 20, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrius Garbaras
- Department of Nuclear Research, Centre for Physical Science and Technology, Savanorių Ave. 231, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Agnes Ml Karlson
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Science, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius Väg 20, Stockholm, Sweden; Baltic Sea Centre, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius Väg 20, Stockholm, Sweden
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5
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Viana TS, Campos D, Bartilotti M, Leite FG, Zanoni MVB, Dorta DJ, Oliveira DP, Pestana JLT. Magnetized vermiculite as a tool for the treatment of produced water generated by oil companies: Effects on aquatic organisms before and after treatment. J Appl Toxicol 2023; 43:1393-1405. [PMID: 37055923 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Produced water (PW) generated by oil companies is a highly impacting waste that contains chemicals such as metals and organic and inorganic compounds. Given its polluting potential, PW requires effective treatment before being discharged into the environment. Conventional treatments have limited efficiency in removing PW toxicity, so alternative approaches must be developed and standardized. In this context, treatment with adsorbent materials like magnetized vermiculite (VMT-mag) is highlighted. This work aimed to evaluate the efficiency of treatment with VMT-mag in reducing PW toxicity to aquatic biota. For this purpose, three aquatic species (the midge Chironomus riparius, the planarian Girardia tigrina, and the crustacean Daphnia magna) were exposed to untreated PW and to PW treated with VMT-mag at laboratory conditions. The assessed endpoints included mortality, growth, emergence, and developmental time of C. riparius; mortality, locomotion, feeding, and head regeneration of G. tigrina; and intrinsic population growth rate (r) and reproductive output of D. magna. The results showed that all the species exposed to raw PW were impaired: C. riparius had delayed development, G. tigrina had reduced locomotor activity and delayed head regeneration, and D. magna had reduced reproduction and delayed intrinsic population growth rate (r). Most of the analyzed parameters showed that treatment with VMT-mag diminished PW toxicity. Therefore, using VMT-mag to treat PW may be the key to reducing the PW effects on aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tais S Viana
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diana Campos
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Mariana Bartilotti
- Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda G Leite
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Valnice Boldrin Zanoni
- Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Detection, Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactive Substances (INCT-DATREM), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel J Dorta
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Detection, Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactive Substances (INCT-DATREM), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
- Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Danielle P Oliveira
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Detection, Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactive Substances (INCT-DATREM), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João L T Pestana
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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Ruck G, Decamps A, Aubin JB, Quéau H, Garnero L, Cavanna T, Bertrand-Krajewski JL, Neuzeret D, Geffard O, Chaumot A. Avoidance behaviour of aquatic macroinvertebrates for real-time detection of micropollutant surge in wastewater effluents. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 242:120228. [PMID: 37348420 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Micropollutants are regularly detected at the outlets of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Across urban and industrial WWTPs, monitoring directives only require assessment for a handful of chemicals via sampling methods that fail to capture the temporal variability in micropollutant discharge. In this study, we develop a biotest for real-time on-line monitoring of micropollutant discharge dynamics in WWTPs effluents. The selected biomonitoring device ToxMate uses videotracking of invertebrate movement, which was used to deduce avoidance behaviour of the amphipod Gammarus fossarum. Organism conditioning was set up to induce a state of minimal locomotor activity in basal conditions to maximise avoidance signal sensitivity to micropollutant spikes. We showed that with a standardised protocol, it was possible to minimise both overall movement and sensitivity to physio-chemical variations typical to WWTP effluents, as well as capture the spikes of two micropollutants upon exposure (copper and methomyl). Spikes in avoidance behaviour were consistently seen for the two chemicals, as well as a strong correlation between avoidance intensity and spiked concentration. A two-year effluent monitoring case study also illustrates how this biomonitoring method is suitable for real-time on-site monitoring, and shows a promising non-targeted approach for characterising complex micropollutant discharge variability at WWTP effluents, which today remains poorly understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ruck
- Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, INRAE, UR RiverLy, Villeurbanne F-69625, France; Viewpoint, 67 rue Copernic, Civrieux F-01390, France
| | - A Decamps
- Viewpoint, 67 rue Copernic, Civrieux F-01390, France
| | - J B Aubin
- Laboratory DEEP - EA 7429, University of Lyon, INSA Lyon, 11 rue de la physique, Villeurbanne F-69621, France
| | - H Quéau
- Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, INRAE, UR RiverLy, Villeurbanne F-69625, France
| | - L Garnero
- Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, INRAE, UR RiverLy, Villeurbanne F-69625, France
| | - T Cavanna
- Viewpoint, 67 rue Copernic, Civrieux F-01390, France
| | - J L Bertrand-Krajewski
- Laboratory DEEP - EA 7429, University of Lyon, INSA Lyon, 11 rue de la physique, Villeurbanne F-69621, France
| | - D Neuzeret
- Viewpoint, 67 rue Copernic, Civrieux F-01390, France
| | - O Geffard
- Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, INRAE, UR RiverLy, Villeurbanne F-69625, France
| | - A Chaumot
- Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, INRAE, UR RiverLy, Villeurbanne F-69625, France.
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Jeong H, Byeon E, Kim DH, Maszczyk P, Lee JS. Heavy metals and metalloid in aquatic invertebrates: A review of single/mixed forms, combination with other pollutants, and environmental factors. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 191:114959. [PMID: 37146547 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals (HMs) and metalloid occur naturally and are found throughout the Earth's crust but they are discharged into aquatic environments at high concentrations by human activities, increasing heavy metal pollution. HMs can bioaccumulate in higher organisms through the food web and consequently affect humans. In an aquatic environment, various HMs mixtures can be present. Furthermore, HMs adsorb on other environmental pollutants, such as microplastics and persistent organic pollutants, causing a synergistic or antagonistic effect on aquatic organisms. Therefore, to understand the biological and physiological effects of HMs on aquatic organisms, it is important to evaluate the effects of exposure to combinations of complex HM mixtures and/or pollutants and other environmental factors. Aquatic invertebrates occupy an important niche in the aquatic food chain as the main energy link between higher and lower organisms. The distribution of heavy metals and the resulting toxic effects in aquatic invertebrates have been extensively studied, but few reports have dealt with the relationship between HMs, pollutants, and environmental factors in biological systems with regard to biological availability and toxicity. This review describes the overall properties of individual HM and their effects on aquatic invertebrates and comprehensively reviews physiological and biochemical endpoints in aquatic invertebrates depending on interactions among HMs, other pollutants, and environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haksoo Jeong
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Eunjin Byeon
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Duck-Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Piotr Maszczyk
- Department of Hydrobiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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Neurotoxicity of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: A Systematic Mapping and Review of Neuropathological Mechanisms. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10080417. [PMID: 35893850 PMCID: PMC9331822 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10080417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Several studies present the neurotoxic effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), a class of environmental pollutants capable of causing neurological deficits. However, a collective review approach to this research topic is scarce. This study presents the effect of PAHs on the central nervous system using a bibliometric approach. The neuropathological mechanisms of PAHs are also highlighted. Published articles were searched for in the Scopus and Web of Science databases from January 1979 to December 2020 using the keywords ‘polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons’ and ‘neurotoxicity’. The total number of documents retrieved from both databases was 338. Duplicated documents (80) were excluded and 258 articles were used for the final analysis. Our findings revealed that there has been a significant increase in research outputs on this topic in the last ten years. The countries with the highest scientific productivity in this area are USA, China, France and Italy. The result also showed that, in the past few years, global scientific output in research relating to PAH neurotoxicity focused on neurodegeneration, cholinergic function, neurodevelopmental toxicity, behavioural studies, oxidative stress, neuroprotection and therapeutic intervention using different experimental models, including zebrafish, neuronal cell lines, Caenorhabditis elegans and rats. Recent studies also revealed the neuroprotective roles of some natural products against PAH-induced neurotoxicity. However, more investigation involving clinical trials is required to emphasize the observed neurotoxic effects.
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Urban-Malinga B, Jakubowska-Lehrmann M, Białowąs M, Hallmann A. Microplastics cause neurotoxicity and decline of enzymatic activities in important bioturbator Hediste diversicolor. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 179:105660. [PMID: 35690022 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2022.105660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) tend to accumulate in marine sediments thus benthic fauna is particularly vulnerable to microplastic pollution. Hediste diversicolor is a widespread species in coastal marine sediments. It plays key ecological functions mostly related to bioturbation process which means sediment reworking due to the worm burrowing activity and building a network of galleries. Herein, we show that commercial plastic microspheres of two sizes (63-75 and 300-355 μm) have the potential to cause neurotoxicity in H. diversicolor. The whole-body acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity - a common indicator of neurotoxic effect - was on average 60% lower in polychaetes exposed for 28 days to MPs served at environmentally relevant concentrations (0.08% sediment d. wt.), than in unexposed ones. Significantly reduced activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GST) indicated suppression of the cellular antioxidative system in worms exposed to MPs. No changes were, however, observed in tGSH, lipid or protein oxidation measures (CBO, MDA), and in the energetic value of these polychaetes. The response was generally similar with no regard to MPs size. Only very few microspheres were found in polychaetes exposed to MPs spiked sediment. The potential role of MPs-associated pollutants as a factor responsible for observed biochemical effects, is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marcin Białowąs
- National Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kołłątaja 1, 81-332, Gdynia, Poland
| | - Anna Hallmann
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland
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Olasehinde TA, Olaniran AO. Neurotoxicity of anthracene and benz[a]anthracene involves oxidative stress-induced neuronal damage, cholinergic dysfunction and disruption of monoaminergic and purinergic enzymes. Toxicol Res 2022; 38:365-377. [DOI: 10.1007/s43188-021-00115-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Kirilovsky ER, Anguiano OL, Bongiovanni GA, Ferrari A. Effects of acute arsenic exposure in two different populations of Hyalella curvispina amphipods from North Patagonia Argentina. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2022; 85:71-88. [PMID: 34496719 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2021.1975589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a toxic metalloid present in high levels in diverse regions of Argentina. The aim of this study was to determine acute As-mediated toxicity in two different populations of autochthonous Hyalella curvispina amphipods from a reference site (LB) and an agricultural one (FO) within North Patagonia Argentina. Previously, both populations exhibited significant differences in pesticide susceptibility. Lab assays were performed to determine acute lethal concentrations, as well as some biochemical parameters. Lethal concentration (LC50) values obtained after 48 and 96 hr As exposure were not significantly different between these populations, although FO amphipods appeared slightly less susceptible. LC50-48 hr values were 3.33 and 3.92 mg/L As, while LC50-96 hr values were 1.76 and 2.14 mg/L As for LB and FO amphipods. The no observed effect concentration (NOEC) values were 0.5 mg/L As. Cholinesterase (ChE) activity was significantly diminished by As acute exposure (0.5-1.5 mg/L As), indicative of a significant neurotoxic action for this metalloid in both amphipod populations. Activities of catalase (CAT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) and levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) were differentially altered following As exposure. CAT activity was increased after 96 hr As exposure. GST activity and GSH levels were significantly elevated followed by either a decrease or a return to control values after 96 hr treatment. However, additional studies are necessary to understand the mechanisms underlying the As-mediated oxidative effects in H. curvispina. Our findings suggest that measurement of ChE activity in H. curvispina amphipods might serve as a useful biomarker of As exposure and effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva R Kirilovsky
- Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ingeniería de Procesos, Biotecnología y Energías Alternativas, PROBIEN, (CONICET- UNCo), Neuquén, Argentina
- Facultad De Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional Del Comahue (UNCo), Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Olga L Anguiano
- Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ingeniería de Procesos, Biotecnología y Energías Alternativas, PROBIEN, (CONICET- UNCo), Neuquén, Argentina
- Facultad De Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Del Comahue (UNCo), Neuquén, Argentina
| | - Guillermina A Bongiovanni
- Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ingeniería de Procesos, Biotecnología y Energías Alternativas, PROBIEN, (CONICET- UNCo), Neuquén, Argentina
- Facultad De Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional Del Comahue (UNCo), Neuquén, Argentina
| | - Ana Ferrari
- Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ingeniería de Procesos, Biotecnología y Energías Alternativas, PROBIEN, (CONICET- UNCo), Neuquén, Argentina
- Facultad De Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional Del Comahue (UNCo), Río Negro, Argentina
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12
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Rebechi D, Palacio-Cortés AM, Richardi VS, Beltrão T, Vicentini M, Grassi MT, da Silva SB, Alessandre T, Hasenbein S, Connon R, Navarro-Silva MA. Molecular and biochemical evaluation of effects of malathion, phenanthrene and cadmium on Chironomus sancticaroli (Diptera: Chironomidae) larvae. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 211:111953. [PMID: 33482495 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.111953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In-vitro effects of sub-lethal concentrations of malathion, phenanthrene (Phe) and cadmium (Cd) were tested on Chironomus sancticaroli larvae in acute bioassays by measuring biochemical and molecular parameters. Malathion was evaluated at 0.001, 0.0564 and 0.1006 mg L-1; Phe at 0.0025, 1.25 and 2.44 mg L-1; and Cd at 0.001, 3.2 and 7.4 mg L-1. The recovery test carried out at the highest concentration of each compound showed that survival of larvae exposed to Phe ranged from 4% to 5%, while the effects of malathion and Cd were irreversible, not allowing the emergence of adults. Results showed that malathion and Cd inhibited AChE, EST-α and ES-β activities at the two highest concentrations. Phe at 0.0025, 1.25 and 2.44 mg L-1; and Cd at 3.2 and 7.4 mg L-1 inhibited glutathione S-transferase activity. Oxidative stress was exclusively induced by the lowest concentration of malathion considering SOD activity once CAT was unaffected by the stressors. Lipid peroxidation was registered exclusively by malathion at the two highest concentrations, and total hemoglobin content was only reduced by Cd at the two highest concentrations. The relationship among biochemical results, examined using the PCA, evidenced that malathion and Cd concentrations were clustered into two groups, while Phe only formed one group. Four hemoglobin genes of C. sancticaroli were tested for the first time in this species, with Hemoglobin-C being upregulated by malathion. The toxicity ranking was malathion > Phe > Cd, while biochemical and molecular results showed the order malathion > Cd > Phe. Our results highlight the importance of combining different markers to understand the effects of the diverse compounds in aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Rebechi
- Department of Zoology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | | | - Tiago Beltrão
- Department of Zoology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Maiara Vicentini
- Department of Zoology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Marco Tadeu Grassi
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Thiago Alessandre
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Simone Hasenbein
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Cell Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Richard Connon
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Cell Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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13
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Simão FCP, Gravato C, Machado AL, Soares AMVM, Pestana JLT. Toxicity of different polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to the freshwater planarian Girardia tigrina. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 266:115185. [PMID: 32777698 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Freshwater planarians have been gaining relevance as experimental animals for numerous research areas given their interesting features, such as high regeneration potential, shared features with the vertebrates' nervous system or the range of endpoints that can be easily evaluated in response to contaminants. Ecotoxicological research using these animals has been steadily increasing in the past decades, as planarians' potentialities for this research area are being recognized. In this work, we used polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) as model contaminants and evaluated effects of exposure to phenanthrene, pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) in planarians. The freshwater planarian Girardia tigrina was chosen and mortality, cephalic regeneration (during and post-exposure), behavioral endpoints and presence of PAHs in tissues, were evaluated. Mortality was only observed in planarians exposed to phenanthrene, with an estimated LC50 of 830 μg L-1. Results indicate that planarian behavioral endpoints were very sensitive in response to sub-lethal concentrations of PAHs, showing a greater sensitivity towards B[a]P and pyrene. Briefly, post-exposure locomotion and post-exposure feeding were significantly impaired by sub-lethal concentrations of all compounds, whereas regeneration of photoreceptors was only significantly delayed in planarians exposed to pyrene. Moreover, levels of PAH-type compounds in planarian tissues followed a concentration-dependent increase, showing uptake of compounds from experimental solutions. The present results highlight the importance of studying alternative and complementary endpoints, such as behavior, not only because these may be able to detect effects at lower levels of contamination, but also due to their ecological relevance. The simplicity of evaluating a wide range of responses to contaminants further demonstrates the utility of freshwater planarians for ecotoxicological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fátima C P Simão
- CESAM & Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Carlos Gravato
- Faculdade de Ciências & CESAM, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016, Campo Grande, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Luísa Machado
- CESAM & Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- CESAM & Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João L T Pestana
- CESAM & Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
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14
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Everitt S, MacPherson S, Brinkmann M, Wiseman S, Pyle G. Effects of weathered sediment-bound dilbit on freshwater amphipods (Hyalella azteca). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 228:105630. [PMID: 32971354 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Bitumen mined in the oil sands region of Northern Alberta, Canada, is diluted with natural gas condensates to form dilbit, which is transported through pipelines. Sections of these pipelines come close to freshwater ecosystems. If dilbit is spilled into or near an aquatic environment, environmental weathering processes, such as evaporation and sediment interaction, influence the fate and toxicity of dilbit to aquatic organisms. To date, most studies of the effects of dilbit on the health of aquatic organisms have not considered weathering processes. Thus, the goal of this study was to assess the toxicity of weathered sediment-bound dilbit (WSD) to an aquatic organism. Adult freshwater amphipods (Hyalella azteca) were exposed directly to WSD or the water-soluble fraction (WSF) of WSD. Direct exposure to WSD resulted in oil-mineral aggregates adhering to the appendages and gas exchange structures of amphipods, causing acute lethality. After a 10-min exposure to WSD, amphipods consumed half as much oxygen and their appendage movement was impaired. Exposure to the WSF, which contained a total PAH concentration of 1.08 μg/L, did not result in acute lethality, or significantly affect respiration, activity or acetylcholinesterase activity. Results of the present study indicate that physical interaction with oil-mineral aggregates after a spill of dilbit is a threat to benthic invertebrates, whereas the WSF does not cause acute adverse effects. As the transport of dilbit through pipelines increases in North America, studies must incorporate environmental weathering processes when determining the effects of dilbit on aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Everitt
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada.
| | | | - Markus Brinkmann
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada; School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada; Global Institute for Water Security, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Steve Wiseman
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gregory Pyle
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
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15
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Plomp RD, Klemish JL, Pyle GG. The Single and Combined Effects of Wildfire Runoff and Sediment-Bound Copper on the Freshwater Amphipod Hyalella azteca. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2020; 39:1988-1997. [PMID: 32678916 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The frequency of wildfire is expected to increase with time as a function of climate change. Recent studies in our laboratory have demonstrated that pyrogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons can cause greater-than-additive effects in Hyalella azteca in the presence of low concentrations of Cu. We hypothesized that freshwater animals inhabiting Cu-contaminated sites, such as those in the vicinity of Cu mines, may be vulnerable to nonadditive toxicity from contaminants released by wildfires. To investigate the interaction between Cu and water conditioned by burnt wood ash (fire extract), we exposed H. azteca for 14 d to binary mixtures of 225 mg/kg Cu-enriched artificial sediment (225 mg Cu/kg) and a fire extract dilution series (12.5, 25, 50, 75, and 100%). All binary mixtures of Cu-enriched sediment and fire extract resulted in complete mortality with the exception of Cu-enriched sediment + 12.5% fire extract. The combination of Cu-enriched sediment with 12.5% fire extract had a more-than-additive effect on survival and tissue Cu concentration, but there was no reduction in growth or acetylcholinesterase activity compared to the 225 mg/kg Cu-contaminated sediment or fire extract control, respectively. Acetylcholinesterase activity was significantly reduced in amphipods exposed to fire extract, but the presence of Cu did not exacerbate this effect. The results suggest that Cu-contaminated water bodies that receive runoff from wildfires are at risk of enhanced toxicity. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:1988-1997. © 2020 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raegan D Plomp
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jaimie L Klemish
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gregory G Pyle
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
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16
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Mullen KR, Rivera BN, Tidwell LG, Ivanek R, Anderson KA, Ainsworth DM. Environmental surveillance and adverse neonatal health outcomes in foals born near unconventional natural gas development activity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 731:138497. [PMID: 32434096 PMCID: PMC7430053 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Studies of neonatal health risks of unconventional natural gas development (UNGD) have not included comprehensive assessments of environmental chemical exposures. We investigated a clustering of dysphagic cases in neonatal foals born between 2014 and 2016 in an area of active UNGD in Pennsylvania (PA),USA. We evaluated equine biological data and environmental exposures on the affected PA farm and an unaffected New York (NY) farm owned by the same proprietor. Dams either spent their entire gestation on one farm or moved to the other farm in late gestation. Over the 21-month study period, physical examinations and blood/tissue samples were obtained from mares and foals on each farm. Grab samples of water, pasture soil and feed were collected; continuous passive sampling of air and water for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was performed. Dysphagia was evaluated as a binary variable; logistic regression was used to identify risk factors. Sixty-five foals were born, 17 (all from PA farm) were dysphagic. Odds of dysphagia increased with the dam residing on the PA farm for each additional month of gestation (OR = 1.4, 95% CI 1.2, 1.7, p = 6.0E-04). Males were more likely to be born dysphagic (OR = 5.5, 95% CI 1.2, 24.5, p = 0.03) than females. Prior to installation of a water filtration/treatment system, PA water concentrations of 3,6-dimethylphenanthrene (p = 6.0E-03), fluoranthene (p = 0.03), pyrene (p = 0.02) and triphenylene (p = 0.01) exceeded those in NY water. Compared to NY farm water, no concentrations of PAHs were higher in PA following installation of the water filtration/treatment system. We provide evidence of an uncommon adverse health outcome (dysphagia) in foals born near UNGD that was eliminated in subsequent years (2017-2019) following environmental management changes. Notably, this study demonstrates that domestic large animals such as horses can serve as important sentinels for human health risks associated with UNGD activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen R Mullen
- Littleton Equine Medical Center, 8025 S. Santa Fe Dr., Littleton, CO 80120, USA; Department of Clinical Sciences, Tower Rd., College of Veterinary Medicine-Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
| | - Brianna N Rivera
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Agricultural Life Sciences, Room 1007, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
| | - Lane G Tidwell
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Agricultural Life Sciences, Room 1007, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
| | - Renata Ivanek
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Tower Rd., College of Veterinary Medicine-Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
| | - Kim A Anderson
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Agricultural Life Sciences, Room 1007, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
| | - Dorothy M Ainsworth
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Tower Rd., College of Veterinary Medicine-Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
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Kienle C, Vermeirssen ELM, Schifferli A, Singer H, Stamm C, Werner I. Effects of treated wastewater on the ecotoxicity of small streams - Unravelling the contribution of chemicals causing effects. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0226278. [PMID: 31881027 PMCID: PMC6934383 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Wastewater treatment plant effluents are important point sources of micropollutants. To assess how the discharge of treated wastewater affects the ecotoxicity of small to medium-sized streams we collected water samples up- and downstream of 24 wastewater treatment plants across the Swiss Plateau and the Jura regions of Switzerland. We investigated estrogenicity, inhibition of algal photosynthetic activity (photosystem II, PSII) and growth, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition. At four sites, we measured feeding activity of amphipods (Gammarus fossarum) in situ as well as water flea (Ceriodaphnia dubia) reproduction in water samples. Ecotoxicological endpoints were compared with results from analyses of general water quality parameters as well as a target screening of a wide range of organic micropollutants with a focus on pesticides and pharmaceuticals using liquid chromatography high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry. Measured ecotoxicological effects in stream water varied substantially among sites: 17β-estradiol equivalent concentrations (EEQbio, indicating the degree of estrogenicity) were relatively low and ranged from 0.04 to 0.85 ng/L, never exceeding a proposed effect-based trigger (EBT) value of 0.88 ng/L. Diuron equivalent (DEQbio) concentrations (indicating the degree of photosystem II inhibition in algae) ranged from 2.4 to 1576 ng/L and exceeded the EBT value (70 ng/L) in one third of the rivers studied, sometimes even upstream of the WWTP. Parathion equivalent (PtEQbio) concentrations (indicating the degree of AChE inhibition) reached relatively high values (37 to 1278 ng/L) mostly exceeding the corresponding EBT (196 ng/L PtEQbio). Decreased feeding activity by amphipods or decreased water flea reproduction downstream compared to the upstream site was observed at one of four investigated sites only. Results of the combined algae assay (PSII inhibition) correlated best with results of chemical analysis for PSII inhibiting herbicides. Estrogenicity was partly and AChE inhibition strongly underestimated based on measured steroidal estrogens respectively organophosphate and carbamate insecticides. An impact of dissolved organic carbon on results of the AChE inhibition assay was obvious. For this assay more work is required to further explore the missing correlation of bioassay data with chemical analytical data. Overall, the discharge of WWTP effluent led to increased estrogenicity, PSII and AChE inhibition downstream, irrespective of upstream land use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Kienle
- Swiss Centre for Applied Ecotoxicology, Dübendorf, Zürich, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Andrea Schifferli
- Swiss Centre for Applied Ecotoxicology, Dübendorf, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Heinz Singer
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), Dübendorf, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Christian Stamm
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), Dübendorf, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Inge Werner
- Swiss Centre for Applied Ecotoxicology, Dübendorf, Zürich, Switzerland
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18
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Li S, Ma B, Zhao C, She Z, Yu N, Pan Y, Gao M, Guo L, Jin C, Zhao Y. Long-term effect of different Cu(II) concentrations on the performance, microbial enzymatic activity and microbial community of sequencing batch reactor. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 255:113216. [PMID: 31541835 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The performance, microbial community and enzymatic activity of sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) were investigated under 75-day exposure of different Cu(II) concentrations. Cu(II) at 0-5 mg/L had no distinct impact on the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and nitrogen removal, oxygen-uptake rate (OUR), nitrification and denitrification rate, and microbial enzymatic activity. The inhibitory effects of Cu(II) at 10 and 30 mg/L on the nitrogen removal rate, OUR, and microbial enzymatic activity of SBR increased with an increment in operation time due to the Cu(II) biotoxicity and the Cu(II) accumulation in activated sludge. The changes of microbial reactive oxygen species production, lactate dehydrogenase release, catalase activity and superoxide dismutase activity demonstrated that Cu(II) at 10 and 30 mg/L broke the equilibrium between the oxidation and antioxidation processes in microbial cells and also damaged the cytomembrance integrity, which could affect the COD and nitrogen removal performance and change normal microbial cell morphology. The Cu(II) in the influent could be removed by the microbial absorption and accumulated in the activated sludge under long-term exposure. The microbial community displayed some distinct changes from 0 to 30 mg/L Cu(II). In contrast with 0 mg/L Cu(II), Nitrosomonas, Nitrospira and some denitrifying bacteria obviously decreased in relative abundance under long-term exposure of 10 and 30 mg/L Cu(II).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Li
- Key Lab of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Bingrui Ma
- Key Lab of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Changkun Zhao
- Key Lab of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Zonglian She
- Key Lab of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Naling Yu
- Key Lab of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Yunhao Pan
- Key Lab of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Mengchun Gao
- Key Lab of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
| | - Liang Guo
- Key Lab of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Chunji Jin
- Key Lab of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Yangguo Zhao
- Key Lab of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
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19
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Chen X, Chen Y, Huang C, Dong Q, Roper C, Tanguay RL, Zhu Y, Zhang Y. Neurodevelopmental toxicity assessments of alkyl phenanthrene and Dechlorane Plus co-exposure in zebrafish. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 180:762-769. [PMID: 31154201 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.05.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Alkyl phenanthrene (A-Phen) and Dechlorane Plus (DP) are ubiquitous environmental pollutants that widely co-exist in the environment. It has been established that both A-Phen and DP elicit neurotoxicity, but the potential interactive toxicity of these contaminants is not well-known. To determine whether a mixture of A-Phen and DP would exhibit interactive effects on neurodevelopment, we co-exposed 3-methylphenanthrene (3-MP), a representative of A-Phen, with DP. Our results illustrated that exposure to 5 or 20 μg/L 3-MP alone or in combination with 60 μg/L DP caused neurobehavioral anomalies in zebrafish. In accordance with the behavioral deficits, 3-MP alone or co-exposed with DP significantly decreased axonal growth of secondary motoneurons, altered intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis and induced cell apoptosis in the muscle of zebrafish. Additionally, 3-MP alone or co-exposed with DP significantly increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the mRNA levels of apoptosis-related genes. These findings indicate that 3-MP alone or co-exposed with DP induces neurobehavioral deficits through the combined effects on neuronal connectivity and muscle function. Chemical analysis revealed significant increases in 3-MP and DP bioaccumulation in zebrafish co-exposed with 3-MP and DP. Elevated bioaccumulation resulting from mixture exposure may represent a significant contribution of the synergistic effects observed in combined chemical exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science of China (Xiamen University), College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yuanhong Chen
- Institute of Environmental Safety and Human Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, PR China
| | - Changjiang Huang
- Institute of Environmental Safety and Human Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, PR China
| | - Qiaoxiang Dong
- Institute of Environmental Safety and Human Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, PR China; The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, PR China
| | - Courtney Roper
- Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, The Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory and the Environmental Health Sciences Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97333, USA
| | - Rorbet L Tanguay
- Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, The Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory and the Environmental Health Sciences Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97333, USA
| | - Yaxian Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Yong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science of China (Xiamen University), College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China.
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20
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Han J, Park JC, Choi BS, Kim MS, Kim HS, Hagiwara A, Park HG, Lee BY, Lee JS. The genome of the marine monogonont rotifer Brachionus plicatilis: Genome-wide expression profiles of 28 cytochrome P450 genes in response to chlorpyrifos and 2-ethyl-phenanthrene. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 214:105230. [PMID: 31306923 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Brachionus spp. (Rotifera: Monogononta) are globally distributed in aquatic environments and play important roles in the aquatic ecosystem. The marine monogonont rotifer Brachionus plicatilis is considered a suitable model organism for ecology, evolution, and ecotoxicology. In this study, we assembled and characterized the B. plicatilis genome. The total length of the assembled genome was 106.9 Mb and the number of final scaffolds was 716 with an N50 value of 1.15 Mb and a GC content of 26.75%. A total of 20,154 genes were annotated after manual curation. To demonstrate the use of whole genome data, we targeted one of the main detoxifying enzyme of phase I detoxification system and identified in a total of 28 cytochrome P450 s (CYPs). Based on the phylogenetic analysis using the maximum likelihood, 28 B. plicatilis-CYPs were apparently separated into five different clans, namely, 2, 3, 4, mitochondrial (MT), and 46 clans. To better understand the CYPs-mediated xenobiotic detoxification, we measured the mRNA expression levels of 28 B. plicatilis CYPs in response to chlorpyrifos and 2-ethyl-phenanthrene. Most B. plicatilis CYPs were significantly modulated (P < 0.05) in response to chlorpyrifos and 2-ethyl-phenanthrene. In addition, xenobiotic-sensing nuclear receptor (XNR) response element sequences were identified in the 5 kb upstream of promoter regions of 28 CYPs from the genome of B. plicatilis, indicating that these XNR can be associated with detoxification of xenobiotics. Overall, the assembled B. plicatilis genome presented here will be a useful resource for a better understanding the molecular ecotoxicology in the view of molecular mechanisms underlying toxicological responses, particularly on xenobiotic detoxification in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghoon Han
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Chul Park
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom-Soon Choi
- Phyzen Genomics Institute, Seongnam 13558, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Sub Kim
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hui-Su Kim
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Atsushi Hagiwara
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan; Institute of Integrated Science and Technology, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Heum Gi Park
- Department of Marine Resource Development, College of Life Sciences, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Young Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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21
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Hauser-Davis RA, Lopes RM, Ziolli RL. Inihibition of mullet (M. liza) brain acetylcholinesterase activity by in vitro polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2019; 140:30-34. [PMID: 30803647 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) have been reported as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inibitors, although in vitro studies on PAH effects on AChE activity are scarce and have only been performed using electric eel brain extracts. Thus, this study investigated PAH effects on brain AChE activity in a tropical fish species in Southeastern Brazil, mullet (Mugil liza). Mullet specimens were obtained from Guanabara Bay (N = 20), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Brain AChE was extracted and exposed to an environmentally relevant concentration of Pyrene, Chrysene, Phenanthrene, and Naphthalene, and PAH metabolites, 2-Naphthol and 1-OH-Pyrene. AChE activity inhibition was observed, although no difference was observed between high- and low- molecular weight PAH. 2-Naphthol was a less potent AChE inhibitor than Naphthalene, albeit non-significantly. Further studies are required, since only one PAH concentration was used herein. Mullet brain extracts seem to be adequate to assess possible neurotoxic PAH effects on fish AChE.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Hauser-Davis
- Centro de Estudos da Saúde do Trabalhador e Ecologia Humana, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - R M Lopes
- Laboratório de Comunicação Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - R L Ziolli
- Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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22
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Pedrazzani R, Bertanza G, Brnardić I, Cetecioglu Z, Dries J, Dvarionienė J, García-Fernández AJ, Langenhoff A, Libralato G, Lofrano G, Škrbić B, Martínez-López E, Meriç S, Pavlović DM, Papa M, Schröder P, Tsagarakis KP, Vogelsang C. Opinion paper about organic trace pollutants in wastewater: Toxicity assessment in a European perspective. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 651:3202-3221. [PMID: 30463169 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Pedrazzani
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Branze, 38 and University Research Center "Integrated Models for Prevention and Protection in Environmental and Occupational Health", University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
| | - Giorgio Bertanza
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, Via Branze, 43 and University Research Center "Integrated Models for Prevention and Protection in Environmental and Occupational Health", University of Brescia, 25123, Italy.
| | - Ivan Brnardić
- Faculty of Metallurgy, University of Zagreb, Aleja narodnih heroja 3, 44103 Sisak, Croatia.
| | - Zeynep Cetecioglu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Jan Dries
- Faculty of Applied Engineering, University of Antwerp, Salesianenlaan 90, 2660 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Jolanta Dvarionienė
- Kaunas University of Technology, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Gedimino str. 50, 44239 Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Antonio J García-Fernández
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100, Campus of Espinardo, Spain.
| | - Alette Langenhoff
- Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708, WG, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Giovanni Libralato
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia ed. 7, 80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Giusy Lofrano
- Department of Chemistry and Biology "A. Zambelli", University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132-84084 Fisciano, Italy.
| | - Biljana Škrbić
- Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
| | - Emma Martínez-López
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100, Campus of Espinardo, Spain.
| | - Süreyya Meriç
- Çorlu Engineering Faculty, Environmental Engineering Department, Namik Kemal University, Çorlu, 59860, Tekirdağ, Turkey.
| | - Dragana Mutavdžić Pavlović
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Matteo Papa
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, Via Branze, 43 and University Research Center "Integrated Models for Prevention and Protection in Environmental and Occupational Health", University of Brescia, 25123, Italy.
| | - Peter Schröder
- Helmholtz-Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Konstantinos P Tsagarakis
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Vas. Sofias 12, 67100 Xanthi, Greece.
| | - Christian Vogelsang
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Gaustadalleen 21, 0349 Oslo, Norway.
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23
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Wu JP, Li MH. The use of freshwater planarians in environmental toxicology studies: Advantages and potential. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 161:45-56. [PMID: 29859407 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.05.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Regarding the humane use of animals in scientific research, invertebrates are often recommended in toxicological studies. "Freshwater planarians" refers to numerous free-living freshwater members of the Class "Turbellaria" of the phylum Platyhelminthes. This group of invertebrates has received extensive attention from biologists for many years because of their unique biological characteristics, such as the primitive form of the central nervous system and notable capability to regenerate tissues. Using freshwater planarians as test animals in chemical toxicity studies has grown in popularity since the 1960s. Results from various toxicological experiments have collectively suggested that freshwater planarians can serve as not only alternative models for chemical toxicity screenings in laboratories but also as potential bioindicators for the quality of freshwater environments. However, thus far, no standardized battery of tests for conducting toxicological studies that includes freshwater planarians has been proposed. This paper comprehensively reviews the toxicological information obtained from chemically exposed planarians and proposes practical factors for consideration in toxicity experiments with freshwater planarians as test organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jui-Pin Wu
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hui Li
- Environmental Toxicology Lab, Department of Geography, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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24
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Pyle G, Ford AT. Behaviour revised: Contaminant effects on aquatic animal behaviour. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 182:226-228. [PMID: 27887746 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Greg Pyle
- Dept. of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Dr., Lethbridge, AB, T1K 3M4, Canada.
| | - Alex T Ford
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Portsmouth, King Henry Building, Portsmouth, PO1 2DT, UK
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