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Thompson WA, Vijayan MM. Zygotic Exposure to Venlafaxine Disrupts the Circadian Locomotor Activity Behaviour in Zebrafish Larvae. J Pineal Res 2024; 76:e12984. [PMID: 38874070 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
The antidepressant venlafaxine, a selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, is commonly prescribed to treat major depressive disorder and is found at high concentrations in the aquatic environment. Concerns have been raised related to the health of aquatic organisms in response to this nontargeted pharmaceutical exposure. For instance, we previously demonstrated that exposure to venlafaxine perturbs neurodevelopment, leading to behavioural alterations in zebrafish (Danio rerio). We also observed disruption in serotonin expression in the pineal and raphe, regions critical in regulating circadian rhythms, leading us to hypothesize that zygotic exposure to venlafaxine disrupts the circadian locomotor rhythm in larval zebrafish. To test this, we microinjected zebrafish embryos with venlafaxine (1 or 10 ng) and recorded the locomotor activity in 5-day-old larvae over a 24-h period. Venlafaxine deposition reduced larval locomotor activity during the light phase, but not during the dark phase of the diurnal cycle. The melatonin levels were higher in the dark compared to during the light photoperiod and this was not affected by embryonic venlafaxine deposition. Venlafaxine exposure also did not affect the transcript abundance of clock genes, including clock1a, bmal2, cry1a and per2, which showed a clear day/night rhythmicity. A notable finding was that exposure to luzindole, a melatonin receptor antagonist, decreased the locomotor activity in the control group in light, whereas the activity was higher in larvae raised from the venlafaxine-deposited embryos. Overall, zygotic exposure to venlafaxine disrupts the locomotor activity of larval zebrafish fish during the day, demonstrating the capacity of antidepressants to disrupt the circadian rhythms in behaviour. Our results suggest that disruption in melatonin signalling may be playing a role in the venlafaxine impact on circadian behaviour, but further investigation is required to elucidate the possible mechanisms in larval zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Andrew Thompson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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2
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Zhao J, Gao J, Ma S, Chen X, Wang J. Predicting the potential risks posed by antidepressants as emerging contaminants in fish based on network pharmacological analysis. Toxicol In Vitro 2024; 99:105872. [PMID: 38851602 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2024.105872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
This study conducted a network pharmacology-based analysis to simultaneously discern a broad spectrum of potential environmental risks and health effects of antidepressants, a common class of pharmaceutical emerging contaminants (PECs) possessing a complex pharmacological profile, and in silico predict the adverse phenotypes potentially occurring in fish associated with exposure to antidepressants and their mixtures under realistic exposure scenarios. Results showed that 24 of the included 39 antidepressants had been detected worldwide in water environment across 50 countries. Using the environmentally realistic exposure scenario for China as an example, the predicted blood concentrations of antidepressant residues that were generated based on the Fish Plasma Model ranged from 37.89 (Alprazolam) to 16,772.05 (Sertraline) ng/L in exposed fish. Hazard-based bioactivity network without regard to concentration data was composed of 148 potential targets and 701 antidepressant-target interactions. After filtering each antidepressant-target interaction node using the predicted drug concentrations in the blood of fish under realistic exposure scenarios in China, an environmental risk-based network was refined and showed that 11 targets, including muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1, alpha-2B adrenergic receptor, serotonin 2 A receptor, etc. might be modulated by antidepressants at concentrations equal to or below the environmental exposure levels and their mixtures in fish. Environmentally relevant concentrations of antidepressants in water samples from China might perturb the behavior, stress response, phototaxis, and development in exposed fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinru Zhao
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian Gao
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sijia Ma
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xintong Chen
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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3
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Oliveira Pereira EA, Labine LM, Kleywegt S, Jobst KJ, Simpson AJ, Simpson MJ. Metabolomics revealed disruptions in amino acid and antioxidant biochemistry in Daphnia magna exposed to industrial effluents associated with plastic and polymer production. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 241:117547. [PMID: 37949288 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Industrial wastewater effluents are a major source of chemicals in aquatic environments, and many of these chemicals may negatively impact aquatic life. In this study, the crustacean Daphnia magna, a common model organism in ecotoxicity studies, was exposed for 48 h to nine different industrial effluent samples from manufacturing facilities associated with the production of plastics, polymers, and coating products at a range of dilutions: 10, 25, 50, 100% (undiluted). A targeted metabolomic-based approach using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to quantify polar metabolites from individual daphnids that survived the 48 h exposure. Multivariate analyses and metabolite changes revealed metabolic perturbations across all effluent samples studied, with non-monotonic responses and both up and downregulation relative to the unexposed control. Pathway analyses indicated the disruption of similar and distinct pathways, mostly connected to protein synthesis, amino acid metabolism, and antioxidant processes. Overall, we observed disruptions in Daphnia biochemistry that were similar across the effluent samples, but with unique features for each effluent sample. Additionally, non-monotonic heightened responses suggested additive and/or synergistic interactions between the chemicals within the industrial effluents. These findings demonstrate that targeted metabolomic approaches are a powerful tool for the biomonitoring of aquatic ecosystems in the context of complex mixtures, such as industrial wastewater effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erico A Oliveira Pereira
- Environmental NMR Centre and Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Lisa M Labine
- Environmental NMR Centre and Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Sonya Kleywegt
- Technical Assessment and Standards Development Branch, Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks, Toronto, ON, M4V 1M2, Canada
| | - Karl J Jobst
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 45 Arctic Ave., St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - André J Simpson
- Environmental NMR Centre and Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Myrna J Simpson
- Environmental NMR Centre and Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada.
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4
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Chris DI, Wokeh OK, Téllez-Isaías G, Kari ZA, Azra MN. Ecotoxicity of commonly used oilfield-based emulsifiers on Guinean Tilapia ( Tilapia guineensis) using histopathology and behavioral alterations as protocol. Sci Prog 2024; 107:368504241231663. [PMID: 38490166 PMCID: PMC10943731 DOI: 10.1177/00368504241231663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
This study examined the histological aberrations in the gill and liver tissues and behavioural changes of Tilapia guineensis fingerlings exposed to lethal concentrations of used Oilfield-based emulsifiers for 96 h. Various concentrations of the surfactants were tested, ranging from 0.0 to 15.0 ml/L. The behaviour of the fish was observed throughout the experiment, and the results showed that increasing concentrations of the surfactants led to progressively abnormal behaviour, including hyperventilation and altered opercular beat frequency. These behavioural changes indicated respiratory distress and neurotoxic effects. Histological analysis revealed structural aberrations in the gill and liver tissues, with higher concentrations causing more severe damage, such as lesions, necrosis, inflammation, and cellular degeneration. This implies that surfactants released even at low concentrations are capable of inducing changes in the tissues of aquatic organisms. These findings highlight the toxic effects of the surfactants on fish health and provide biomarkers of toxicity. Future research should focus on understanding the specific mechanisms and long-term consequences of surfactant toxicity on fish genetic composition, populations, and ecosystems to implement effective conservation measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davies Ibienebo Chris
- World Bank Africa Centre of Excellence, Centre for Oilfield Chemicals Research, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Rivers State, Nigeria
- Department of Fisheries, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Rivers State, Nigeria
| | - Okechukwu Kenneth Wokeh
- Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Rivers State, Nigeria
| | | | - Zulhisyam Abdul Kari
- Department of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Nor Azra
- Institute of Climate Adaptation and Marine Biotechnology (ICAMB), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT), Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
- Research Center for Marine and Land Bioindustry (Earth Sciences and Maritime), National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Pemenang, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
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5
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Thoré ESJ, Vanden Berghen B, Brendonck L, Pinceel T. Long-term exposure to a pharmaceutical pollutant affects geotaxic behaviour in the adult but not juvenile life stage of killifish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 876:162746. [PMID: 36907389 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Ecosystems around the world are increasingly polluted with pharmaceutical compounds that may perturb wildlife behaviour. Because many pharmaceuticals are continuously present in the aquatic environment, animals are often exposed to them across several life stages or even their entire life. Despite a large body of literature showing various impacts of exposure to pharmaceuticals on fish, hardly any long-term studies across different life stages have been conducted which makes it hard to accurately estimate the ecological outcomes of pharmaceutical pollution. Here, we performed a laboratory experiment in which we exposed hatchlings of the fish model Nothobranchius furzeri to an environmentally relevant concentration (0.5 μg/L) of the antidepressant fluoxetine until well into adulthood. We monitored total body length and geotaxic behaviour (i.e. gravity-mediated activity) of each fish as two traits that are ecologically relevant and naturally differ between juvenile and adult killifish. Fish exposed to fluoxetine were smaller compared to control fish, an effect that became more apparent as fish aged. Even though fluoxetine did not affect average swimming depth of either juveniles or adults, nor the time spent at the surface or bottom of the water column, exposed fish changed their position in the water column (depth) more frequently in the adult but not juvenile phase. These results suggest that important morphological and behavioural responses to pharmaceutical exposure-and their potential ecological consequences-may only emerge later in time and/or during specific life stages. Therefore, our results highlight the importance of considering ecologically relevant timescales across developmental stages when studying the ecotoxicology of pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eli S J Thoré
- Animal Ecology, Global Change and Sustainable Development, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; TRANSfarm - Science, Engineering & Technology Group, KU Leuven, Lovenjoel, Belgium.
| | - Birgit Vanden Berghen
- Animal Ecology, Global Change and Sustainable Development, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Luc Brendonck
- Animal Ecology, Global Change and Sustainable Development, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Tom Pinceel
- Animal Ecology, Global Change and Sustainable Development, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Centre for Environmental Management, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
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6
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Tan H, Martin JM, Alton LA, Lesku JA, Wong BBM. Widespread psychoactive pollutant augments daytime restfulness and disrupts diurnal activity rhythms in fish. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 326:138446. [PMID: 36940830 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical pollution is a major driver of global change, with the capacity to alter key behavioural and physiological traits in exposed animals. Antidepressants are among the most commonly detected pharmaceuticals in the environment. Despite well-documented pharmacological effects of antidepressants on sleep in humans and other vertebrates, very little is known about their ecologically relevant impacts as pollutants on non-target wildlife. Accordingly, we investigated the effects of acute 3-day exposure of eastern mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki) to field-realistic levels (nominal concentrations: 30 and 300 ng/L) of the widespread psychoactive pollutant, fluoxetine, on diurnal activity patterns and restfulness, as indicators of disruptions to sleep. We show that exposure to fluoxetine disrupted diel activity patterns, which was driven by augmentation of daytime inactivity. Specifically, unexposed control fish were markedly diurnal, swimming farther during the day and exhibiting longer periods and more bouts of inactivity at night. However, in fluoxetine-exposed fish, this natural diel rhythm was eroded, with no differences in activity or restfulness observed between the day and night. As a misalignment in the circadian rhythm has been shown to adversely affect fecundity and lifespan in animals, our findings reveal a potentially serious threat to the survival and reproductive success of pollutant-exposed wildlife.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung Tan
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Jake M Martin
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden; Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lesley A Alton
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - John A Lesku
- School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia; Research Centre for Future Landscapes, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Bob B M Wong
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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7
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Słoczyńska K, Orzeł J, Murzyn A, Popiół J, Gunia-Krzyżak A, Koczurkiewicz-Adamczyk P, Pękala E. Antidepressant pharmaceuticals in aquatic systems, individual-level ecotoxicological effects: growth, survival and behavior. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 260:106554. [PMID: 37167880 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The growing consumption of antidepressant pharmaceuticals has resulted in their widespread occurrence in the environment, particularly in waterways with a typical concentration range from ng L-1 to μg L-1. An increasing number of studies have confirmed the ecotoxic potency of antidepressants, not only at high concentrations but also at environmentally relevant levels. The present review covers literature from the last decade on the individual-level ecotoxicological effects of the most commonly used antidepressants, including their impact on behavior, growth, and survival. We focus on the relationship between antidepressants physico-chemical properties and dynamics in the environment. Furthermore, we discuss the advantages of considering behavioral changes as sensitive endpoints in ecotoxicology, as well as some current methodological shortcomings in the field, including low standardization, reproducibility and context-dependency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Słoczyńska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Justyna Orzeł
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Murzyn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Justyna Popiół
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Gunia-Krzyżak
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Paulina Koczurkiewicz-Adamczyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Pękala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
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8
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Reid E, Igou T, Zhao Y, Crittenden J, Huang CH, Westerhoff P, Rittmann B, Drewes JE, Chen Y. The Minus Approach Can Redefine the Standard of Practice of Drinking Water Treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:7150-7161. [PMID: 37074125 PMCID: PMC10173460 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c09389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Chlorine-based disinfection for drinking water treatment (DWT) was one of the 20th century's great public health achievements, as it substantially reduced the risk of acute microbial waterborne disease. However, today's chlorinated drinking water is not unambiguously safe; trace levels of regulated and unregulated disinfection byproducts (DBPs), and other known, unknown, and emerging contaminants (KUECs), present chronic risks that make them essential removal targets. Because conventional chemical-based DWT processes do little to remove DBPs or KUECs, alternative approaches are needed to minimize risks by removing DBP precursors and KUECs that are ubiquitous in water supplies. We present the "Minus Approach" as a toolbox of practices and technologies to mitigate KUECs and DBPs without compromising microbiological safety. The Minus Approach reduces problem-causing chemical addition treatment (i.e., the conventional "Plus Approach") by producing biologically stable water containing pathogens at levels having negligible human health risk and substantially lower concentrations of KUECs and DBPs. Aside from ozonation, the Minus Approach avoids primary chemical-based coagulants, disinfectants, and advanced oxidation processes. The Minus Approach focuses on bank filtration, biofiltration, adsorption, and membranes to biologically and physically remove DBP precursors, KUECs, and pathogens; consequently, water purveyors can use ultraviolet light at key locations in conjunction with smaller dosages of secondary chemical disinfectants to minimize microbial regrowth in distribution systems. We describe how the Minus Approach contrasts with the conventional Plus Approach, integrates with artificial intelligence, and can ultimately improve the sustainability performance of water treatment. Finally, we consider barriers to adoption of the Minus Approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliot Reid
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Thomas Igou
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Yangying Zhao
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - John Crittenden
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- Brook Byers Institute for Sustainable Systems, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Ching-Hua Huang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Paul Westerhoff
- Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, School of Sustainable Engineering and The Built Environment, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Bruce Rittmann
- Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, School of Sustainable Engineering and The Built Environment, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Jörg E Drewes
- Chair of Urban Water Systems Engineering, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Yongsheng Chen
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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Grgić I, Cetinić KA, Karačić Z, Previšić A, Rožman M. Fate and effects of microplastics in combination with pharmaceuticals and endocrine disruptors in freshwaters: Insights from a microcosm experiment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 859:160387. [PMID: 36427730 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic contamination of freshwater ecosystems has become an increasing environmental concern. To advance the hazard assessment of microplastics, we conducted a microcosm experiment in which we exposed a simplified aquatic ecosystem consisting of moss and caddisflies to microplastics (polyethylene, polystyrene and polypropylene) and pharmaceuticals and personal care products (1H-benzotriazole, bisphenol A, caffeine, gemfibrozil, ketoprofen, methylparaben, estriol, diphenhydramine, tris (1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate) over the course of 60 days. We monitored the flux of microplastics within the microcosm, as well as the metabolic and total protein variation of organisms. This study offers evidence highlighting the capacity of moss to act as a sink for free-floating microplastics in freshwater environments. Moss is also shown to serve as a source and pathway for microplastic particles to enter aquatic food webs via caddisflies feeding off of the moss. Although most ingested microparticles were eliminated between caddisflies life stages, a small fraction of microplastics was transferred from aquatic to terrestrial ecosystem by emergence. While moss exhibited a mild response to microplastic stress, caddisflies ingesting microplastics showed stress comparable to that caused by exposure to pharmaceuticals. The molecular responses that the stressors triggered were tentatively identified and related to phenotypic responses, such as the delayed development manifested through the delayed emergence of caddisflies exposed to stress. Overall, our study provides valuable insights into the adverse effects of microplastics on aquatic species, compares the impacts of microplastics on freshwater biota to those of pharmaceuticals and endocrine disrupting compounds, and demonstrates the role aquatic organisms have in redistributing microplastics between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ana Previšić
- Department of Biology, Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
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10
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Meade EB, Iwanowicz LR, Neureuther N, LeFevre GH, Kolpin DW, Zhi H, Meppelink SM, Lane RF, Schmoldt A, Mohaimani A, Mueller O, Klaper RD. Transcriptome signatures of wastewater effluent exposure in larval zebrafish vary with seasonal mixture composition in an effluent-dominated stream. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 856:159069. [PMID: 36174698 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent-dominated streams provide critical habitat for aquatic and terrestrial organisms but also continually expose them to complex mixtures of pharmaceuticals that can potentially impair growth, behavior, and reproduction. Currently, few biomarkers are available that relate to pharmaceutical-specific mechanisms of action. In the experiment reported in this paper, zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos at two developmental stages were exposed to water samples from three sampling sites (0.1 km upstream of the outfall, at the effluent outfall, and 0.1 km below the outfall) during base-flow conditions from two months (January and May) of a temperate-region effluent-dominated stream containing a complex mixture of pharmaceuticals and other contaminants of emerging concern. RNA-sequencing identified potential biological impacts and biomarkers of WWTP effluent exposure that extend past traditional markers of endocrine disruption. Transcriptomics revealed changes to a wide range of biological functions and pathways including cardiac, neurological, visual, metabolic, and signaling pathways. These transcriptomic changes varied by developmental stage and displayed sensitivity to variable chemical composition and concentration of effluent, thus indicating a need for stage-specific biomarkers. Some transcripts are known to be associated with genes related to pharmaceuticals that were present in the collected samples. Although traditional biomarkers of endocrine disruption were not enriched in either month, a high estrogenicity signal was detected upstream in May and implicates the presence of unidentified chemical inputs not captured by the targeted chemical analysis. This work reveals associations between bioeffects of exposure, stage of development, and the composition of chemical mixtures in effluent-dominated surface water. The work underscores the importance of measuring effects beyond the endocrine system when assessing the impact of bioactive chemicals in WWTP effluent and identifies a need for non-targeted chemical analysis when bioeffects are not explained by the targeted analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma B Meade
- School of Freshwater Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 600 E. Greenfield Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53204, United States
| | - Luke R Iwanowicz
- U.S. Geological Survey, Eastern Ecological Science Center, 11649 Leetown Road, Kearneysville, WV 25430, United States
| | - Nicklaus Neureuther
- School of Freshwater Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 600 E. Greenfield Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53204, United States
| | - Gregory H LeFevre
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Iowa, 4105 Seamans Center, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States; IIHR-Hydroscience & Engineering, 100 C. Maxwell Stanley Hydraulics Laboratory, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States
| | - Dana W Kolpin
- U.S. Geological Survey, Central Midwest Water Science Center, 400 S. Clinton St, Rm 269 Federal Building, Iowa City, IA 52240, United States
| | - Hui Zhi
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Iowa, 4105 Seamans Center, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States; IIHR-Hydroscience & Engineering, 100 C. Maxwell Stanley Hydraulics Laboratory, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States
| | - Shannon M Meppelink
- U.S. Geological Survey, Central Midwest Water Science Center, 400 S. Clinton St, Rm 269 Federal Building, Iowa City, IA 52240, United States
| | - Rachael F Lane
- U.S. Geological Survey, Kansas Water Science Center, 1217 Biltmore Dr, Lawrence, KS 66049, United States
| | - Angela Schmoldt
- Great Lakes Genomics Center, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 600 E. Greenfield Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53204, United States
| | - Aurash Mohaimani
- Great Lakes Genomics Center, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 600 E. Greenfield Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53204, United States
| | - Olaf Mueller
- Great Lakes Genomics Center, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 600 E. Greenfield Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53204, United States
| | - Rebecca D Klaper
- School of Freshwater Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 600 E. Greenfield Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53204, United States; Great Lakes Genomics Center, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 600 E. Greenfield Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53204, United States.
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11
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Faria M, Bellot M, Soto O, Prats E, Montemurro N, Manjarrés D, Gómez-Canela C, Raldúa D. Developmental exposure to sertraline impaired zebrafish behavioral and neurochemical profiles. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1040598. [PMID: 36467683 PMCID: PMC9716079 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1040598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The number of people suffering from mental health problems is rising, with anxiety and depression now the most commonly diagnosed psychiatric conditions. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are one of the most prescribed pharmaceuticals to treat these conditions, which has led to their common detection in many aquatic ecosystems. As the monoaminergic system shows a high degree of structural conservation across diverse animal phyla, a reasonable assumption is that the environmental levels of SSRIs in surface water can lead to adverse effects on fish and other aquatic wildlife. For instance, Sertraline (SER), a widely prescribed SSRI, has been shown to induce adverse effects in fish, albeit most of the reports used exposure concentrations exceeding those occurring in natural environments. Therefore, there is still a great lack of knowledge regarding SERs effects in fish species, especially during early life stages. This study describes the evaluation of developmental exposure of zebrafish (Danio rerio) to environmentally relevant concentrations of SER (from 0.01 to 10 μg/L), using a battery of key survival behaviors and further relating them with the expression of genes and neurochemical profiles of the monoaminergic system. We found that developmental exposure to SER did not affect embryo morphogenesis and growth. However, concentrations as low as 0.1 μg/L induced hypolocomotion and delayed learning. The observed behavioral impairment was associated with augmented serotonin levels rather than other neurochemicals and molecular markers, highlighting the relationship between serotonin signaling and behavior in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Faria
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marina Bellot
- Department of Analytical and Applied Chemistry (Chromatography Section), School of Engineering, Institut Químic de Sarrià-Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oscar Soto
- Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Prats
- Research and Development Center (CID-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nicola Montemurro
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diana Manjarrés
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristian Gómez-Canela
- Department of Analytical and Applied Chemistry (Chromatography Section), School of Engineering, Institut Químic de Sarrià-Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Demetrio Raldúa
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
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12
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Guo RY, Xiang J, Wang LJ, Li EC, Zhang JL. Tributyltin exposure disrupted the locomotor activity rhythms in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) and the mechanism involved. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 251:106287. [PMID: 36067546 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The fish circadian rhythm system might be an emerging target of tributyltin (TBT), however, the mechanism by which TBT interferes with the circadian rhythm is poorly understood. Therefore, in the present study, zebrafish were used to assess the effects of TBT at environmental concentrations (1 and 10 ng/L) on locomotor activity rhythm. Furthermore, we focused on the visual system to explore the potential mechanism involved. After 90 d of exposure, TBT disturbed the locomotor activity rhythms in zebrafish, which manifested as: (1) low activities and lethargy during the arousing period; (2) inability to fall asleep quickly and peacefully during the period of latency to sleep; and (3) no regular "waves" of locomotor activities during the active period. After TBT exposure, the histological structure of the eyes significantly changed, the boundary between layers became blurred, and the melanin concentrations significantly decreased. Using KEGG and GSEA pathway analyses, the differentially expressed genes in the eyes screened by transcriptomics were significantly enriched in the tyrosine metabolism pathway and retinol metabolism pathway. Furthermore, a decrease in melanin and disruption of retinoic acid were found after TBT exposure, which would affect the reception of phototransduction, and then interfere with the circadian rhythm in fish. The disruption of the circadian rhythm of fish by aquatic pollutants would decrease their ecological adaptability, which should be considered in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Ying Guo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571158, China
| | - Jing Xiang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571158, China
| | - Li-Jun Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571158, China
| | - Er-Chao Li
- College of Ocean Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Ji-Liang Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571158, China.
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13
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Yang H, Gu X, Chen H, Zeng Q, Mao Z, Jin M, Li H, Ge Y, Zha J, Martyniuk CJ. Transcriptome profiling reveals toxicity mechanisms following sertraline exposure in the brain of juvenile zebrafish (Danio rerio). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 242:113936. [PMID: 35930839 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sertraline (SER) is one of the most commonly detected antidepressants in the aquatic environment that can negatively affect aquatic organisms at low concentrations. Despite some knowledge on its acute toxicity to fish, the effects of chronic SER exposure remain poorly understood along with any underlying mechanisms of SER-induced toxicity. To address this knowledge gap, the effects of chronic exposure to three SER concentrations from low to high were investigated in zebrafish. Juvenile zebrafish were exposed to three concentrations of 1, 10, or 100 μg/L of SER for 28 d, after which indicators of oxidative stress and neurotoxicity in the brain were measured. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was significantly enhanced by SER at 1 up to 100 μg/L, and catalase (CAT) activity was significantly induced by SER at 1 or 10 μg/L. The activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was significantly induced by 10 and 100 μg/L of SER, and the serotonin (5-HT) level was significantly increased by all three concentrations of SER. To ascertain mechanisms of SER-induced toxicity, transcriptomics was conducted in the brain of zebrafish following 100 μg/L SER exposure. The molecular signaling pathways connected with circadian system and the immune system were significantly altered in the zebrafish brain. Based on transcriptomic data, the expression levels of six circadian clock genes were measured, and three genes were significantly altered in relative abundance in fish from all experimental treatments with SER, including cryptochrome circadian regulator 2 (cry2), period circadian clock 2 (per2), and period circadian clock 3 (per3). We hypothesize that the circadian system may be related to SER-induced neurotoxicity and oxidative stress in the central nervous system. This study reveals potential mechanisms and key events (i.e., oxidative stress and neurotoxicity) associated with SER-induced toxicity, and improves understanding of the molecular and biochemical pathways putatively perturbed by SER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiting Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaohong Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China.
| | - Huihui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Qingfei Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Zhigang Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Miao Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongmin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - You Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jinmiao Zha
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA
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14
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Bertram MG, Martin JM, McCallum ES, Alton LA, Brand JA, Brooks BW, Cerveny D, Fick J, Ford AT, Hellström G, Michelangeli M, Nakagawa S, Polverino G, Saaristo M, Sih A, Tan H, Tyler CR, Wong BB, Brodin T. Frontiers in quantifying wildlife behavioural responses to chemical pollution. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2022; 97:1346-1364. [PMID: 35233915 PMCID: PMC9543409 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Animal behaviour is remarkably sensitive to disruption by chemical pollution, with widespread implications for ecological and evolutionary processes in contaminated wildlife populations. However, conventional approaches applied to study the impacts of chemical pollutants on wildlife behaviour seldom address the complexity of natural environments in which contamination occurs. The aim of this review is to guide the rapidly developing field of behavioural ecotoxicology towards increased environmental realism, ecological complexity, and mechanistic understanding. We identify research areas in ecology that to date have been largely overlooked within behavioural ecotoxicology but which promise to yield valuable insights, including within- and among-individual variation, social networks and collective behaviour, and multi-stressor interactions. Further, we feature methodological and technological innovations that enable the collection of data on pollutant-induced behavioural changes at an unprecedented resolution and scale in the laboratory and the field. In an era of rapid environmental change, there is an urgent need to advance our understanding of the real-world impacts of chemical pollution on wildlife behaviour. This review therefore provides a roadmap of the major outstanding questions in behavioural ecotoxicology and highlights the need for increased cross-talk with other disciplines in order to find the answers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G. Bertram
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental StudiesSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesSkogsmarksgränd 17UmeåVästerbottenSE‐907 36Sweden
| | - Jake M. Martin
- School of Biological SciencesMonash University25 Rainforest WalkMelbourneVictoria3800Australia
| | - Erin S. McCallum
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental StudiesSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesSkogsmarksgränd 17UmeåVästerbottenSE‐907 36Sweden
| | - Lesley A. Alton
- School of Biological SciencesMonash University25 Rainforest WalkMelbourneVictoria3800Australia
| | - Jack A. Brand
- School of Biological SciencesMonash University25 Rainforest WalkMelbourneVictoria3800Australia
| | - Bryan W. Brooks
- Department of Environmental ScienceBaylor UniversityOne Bear PlaceWacoTexas76798‐7266U.S.A.
| | - Daniel Cerveny
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental StudiesSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesSkogsmarksgränd 17UmeåVästerbottenSE‐907 36Sweden
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of HydrocenosesUniversity of South Bohemia in Ceske BudejoviceZátiší 728/IIVodnany389 25Czech Republic
| | - Jerker Fick
- Department of ChemistryUmeå UniversityLinnaeus väg 10UmeåVästerbottenSE‐907 36Sweden
| | - Alex T. Ford
- Institute of Marine SciencesUniversity of PortsmouthWinston Churchill Avenue, PortsmouthHampshirePO1 2UPU.K.
| | - Gustav Hellström
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental StudiesSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesSkogsmarksgränd 17UmeåVästerbottenSE‐907 36Sweden
| | - Marcus Michelangeli
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental StudiesSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesSkogsmarksgränd 17UmeåVästerbottenSE‐907 36Sweden
- Department of Environmental Science and PolicyUniversity of California350 E Quad, DavisCaliforniaCA95616U.S.A.
| | - Shinichi Nakagawa
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of New South Wales, Biological Sciences West (D26)SydneyNSW2052Australia
| | - Giovanni Polverino
- School of Biological SciencesMonash University25 Rainforest WalkMelbourneVictoria3800Australia
- Centre for Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological SciencesUniversity of Western Australia35 Stirling HighwayPerthWA6009Australia
- Department of Ecological and Biological SciencesTuscia UniversityVia S.M. in Gradi n.4ViterboLazio01100Italy
| | - Minna Saaristo
- Environment Protection Authority VictoriaEPA Science2 Terrace WayMacleodVictoria3085Australia
| | - Andrew Sih
- Department of Environmental Science and PolicyUniversity of California350 E Quad, DavisCaliforniaCA95616U.S.A.
| | - Hung Tan
- School of Biological SciencesMonash University25 Rainforest WalkMelbourneVictoria3800Australia
| | - Charles R. Tyler
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of ExeterStocker RoadExeterDevonEX4 4QDU.K.
| | - Bob B.M. Wong
- School of Biological SciencesMonash University25 Rainforest WalkMelbourneVictoria3800Australia
| | - Tomas Brodin
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental StudiesSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesSkogsmarksgränd 17UmeåVästerbottenSE‐907 36Sweden
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15
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Diaz-Camal N, Cardoso-Vera JD, Islas-Flores H, Gómez-Oliván LM, Mejía-García A. Consumption and ocurrence of antidepressants (SSRIs) in pre- and post-COVID-19 pandemic, their environmental impact and innovative removal methods: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 829:154656. [PMID: 35318057 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are pharmaceuticals whose consumption has increased significantly. They are prescribed as first-line treatment in mental disorders such as depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, phobias, and anxiety; also, they are indicated as adjuvants in diseases such as fibromyalgia and bulimia nervosa. In addition to being linked to the illegal market to be consumed as recreational drugs. The relevance of this review lies in the fact that worldwide consumption has increased significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic, due to the depression and anxiety that originated in the population. As a consequence of this increase in consumption, concentrations of SSRIs in the environment have increased, and these have become a relevant issue for toxicologists due to the effects that they could generate in different organisms, both aquatic and terrestrial. For this reason, the objective of this article was to do a critical evaluation of the existing data on the characteristics and physicochemical properties of SSRIs, consumption data during the COVID-19 pandemic, its occurrence in the environment and the reports of toxic effects that have been generated in different organisms; we also conclude with an updated review of different methods that have been used for their removal. With this analysis, it can be concluded that, despite SSRIs are pharmaceutical products widely studied since their launching to the market, still currently under investigation to clarify their mechanisms of action to understand the different effects on the organisms, adverse reactions, as well as possible toxicological effects on non-target organisms. On the other hand, it has been proven that although it is already possible to eliminate a significant percentage of SSRIs in the laboratory, due to their physicochemical characteristics and their behavior in complex mixtures in the environment, they have not yet been eradicated, showing a persistence in the soil, subsoil and surface waters of the entire planet that may represent a future risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidya Diaz-Camal
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan s/n, Col. Residencial Colón, 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Jesús Daniel Cardoso-Vera
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan s/n, Col. Residencial Colón, 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Hariz Islas-Flores
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan s/n, Col. Residencial Colón, 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico.
| | - Leobardo Manuel Gómez-Oliván
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan s/n, Col. Residencial Colón, 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Mejía-García
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan s/n, Col. Residencial Colón, 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
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16
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Ren Z, Yu Y, Ramesh M, Li B, Poopal RK. Assessment of eco-toxic effects of commonly used water disinfectant on zebrafish (Danio rerio) swimming behaviour and recovery responses: an early-warning biomarker approach. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:41849-41862. [PMID: 35098459 PMCID: PMC8801285 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18333-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Eco-toxicity profiles for commonly used disinfectants were lacking. Available traditional toxicity techniques have some limitations (assessments and ethical issues). Behaviour toxicology is a promising research area towards early warning and non-invasive approaches. We studied the potential eco-toxic effects of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) on the swimming behaviour of zebrafish. Zebrafish were exposed to different concentrations (Treatment I, Treatment II, Treatment III, and Treatment IV) of NaOCl for 360 h. Recovery study (144 h) was conducted for NaOCl treatment groups. The swimming behaviour of zebrafish was quantified efficiently using an online monitoring system (OMS). OMS dataset was processed for determination of behavioural differences by MATLAB and SPSS. Compared to the control group, the swimming strength of zebrafish under NaOCl treatments declined significantly (p < 0.001). Avoidance behaviour has occurred on zebrafish under NaOCl exposure periods. Furthermore, NaOCl toxicity also adjusted circadian rhythms on zebrafish. Zebrafish swimming strength was significantly (p < 0.001) improved under-recovery periods. Moreover, normal diurnal patterns have occurred. NaOCl could cause behavioural abnormalities in non-target organisms. Continuous exposure to common disinfectants could cause external and internal stress on non-target organisms, resulting in behavioural changes and circadian rhythm adjustments. Continuous changes in behavioural and circadian rhythms might reduce organisms' fitness and adaptation capacity. This study highlights (1) the importance of computer-based toxicity assessments, and (2) swimming behaviour is an early warning biomarker for eco-toxicity studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongming Ren
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250358, China
| | - Yaxin Yu
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250358, China
| | - Mathan Ramesh
- Unit of Toxicology, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, TamilNadu, India
| | - Bin Li
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250358, China.
| | - Rama-Krishnan Poopal
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250358, China.
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17
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Moreira DG, Aires A, de Lourdes Pereira M, Oliveira M. Levels and effects of antidepressant drugs to aquatic organisms. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 256:109322. [PMID: 35272041 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The use of antidepressants has been increasing globally, resulting in their presence in the aquatic environment, mainly by municipal wastewaters. This fact has aroused concern in the scientific community since these biologically active compounds can affect non-target organisms that have physiological systems regulated by these pharmaceuticals. However, the current knowledge on the toxicological effects of antidepressants on aquatic ecosystems is limited. Considering the increasing consumption pattern, quantification studies and toxicity studies, the present work aimed to review the available literature, published in the last seven years, addressing levels of antidepressants and their metabolites in rivers, surface waters, tap water, and wastewater treatment plants, as well, the effects reported in fish and invertebrates. Overall, the available laboratory studies showed that antidepressants can act at different levels of biological organisation, with detrimental effects at the individual level (e.g., survival, growth, and morphology, behaviour, and reproduction). However, the effects of prolonged exposures to environmentally relevant concentrations of these substances, a more realistic scenario, are unknown. Based on short-term studies, the long-term effects of pharmaceuticals at environmentally relevant concentrations (alone and in the presence of other environmental contaminants) should be studied.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Aires
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Maria de Lourdes Pereira
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials and Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Miguel Oliveira
- Centre for Marine and Environmental Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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18
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Ramirez G, Gomez E, Dumas T, Rosain D, Mathieu O, Fenet H, Courant F. Early Biological Modulations Resulting from 1-Week Venlafaxine Exposure of Marine Mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis Determined by a Metabolomic Approach. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12030197. [PMID: 35323640 PMCID: PMC8949932 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12030197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence of the presence of pharmaceuticals in natural waters and their accumulation in aquatic organisms. While their mode of action on non-target organisms is still not clearly understood, their effects warrant assessment. The present study assessed the metabolome of the Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) exposed to a 10 µg/L nominal concentration of the antidepressant venlafaxine (VLF) at 3 time-points (1, 3, and 7 days). Over the exposure period, we observed up- or down-modulations of 113 metabolites, belonging to several metabolisms, e.g., amino acids (phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, etc.), purine and pyrimidine metabolisms (adenosine, cyclic AMP, thymidine, etc.), and several other metabolites involved in diverse functions. Serotonin showed the same time-course modulation pattern in both male and female mussels, which was consistent with its mode of action in humans, i.e., after a slight decrease on the first day of exposure, its levels increased at day 7 in exposed mussels. We found that the modulation pattern of impacted metabolites was not constant over time and it was gender-specific, as male and female mussels responded differently to VLF exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaëlle Ramirez
- HydroSciences Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France; (G.R.); (E.G.); (T.D.); (D.R.); (O.M.); (H.F.)
| | - Elena Gomez
- HydroSciences Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France; (G.R.); (E.G.); (T.D.); (D.R.); (O.M.); (H.F.)
| | - Thibaut Dumas
- HydroSciences Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France; (G.R.); (E.G.); (T.D.); (D.R.); (O.M.); (H.F.)
| | - David Rosain
- HydroSciences Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France; (G.R.); (E.G.); (T.D.); (D.R.); (O.M.); (H.F.)
| | - Olivier Mathieu
- HydroSciences Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France; (G.R.); (E.G.); (T.D.); (D.R.); (O.M.); (H.F.)
- Laboratoire de Pharmacologie-Toxicologie, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Hélène Fenet
- HydroSciences Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France; (G.R.); (E.G.); (T.D.); (D.R.); (O.M.); (H.F.)
| | - Frédérique Courant
- HydroSciences Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France; (G.R.); (E.G.); (T.D.); (D.R.); (O.M.); (H.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-411-759-414
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19
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Salahinejad A, Attaran A, Meuthen D, Chivers DP, Niyogi S. Proximate causes and ultimate effects of common antidepressants, fluoxetine and venlafaxine, on fish behavior. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 807:150846. [PMID: 34626640 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Antidepressant (AD) drugs are widely prescribed for the treatment of psychiatric disorders, including depression and anxiety disorders. The continuous use of ADs causes significant quantities of these bioactive chemicals to enter the aquatic ecosystems mainly through wastewater effluent discharge. This may result in many aquatic organisms being inadvertently affected by these drugs. Fluoxetine (FLX) and venlafaxine (VEN) are currently among the most widely detected ADs in aquatic systems. A growing body of experimental evidence demonstrates that FLX and VEN have a substantial capacity to induce neurotoxicity and cause behavioral dysfunctions in a wide range of teleost species. At the same time, these studies often report seemingly contradictory results that are confounding in nature. Hence, we clearly require comprehensive reviews that attempt to find overarching patterns and establish possible causes for these variable results. This review aims to explore the current state of knowledge regarding the neurobehavioral effects of FLX and VEN on fishes. This study also discusses the potential mechanistic linkage between the neurotoxicity of ADs and behavioral dysfunction and identifies key knowledge gaps and areas for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Salahinejad
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada.
| | - Anoosha Attaran
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Denis Meuthen
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada; Evolutionary Biology, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Douglas P Chivers
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Som Niyogi
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada; Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
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20
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Thompson WA, Vijayan MM. Antidepressants as Endocrine Disrupting Compounds in Fish. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:895064. [PMID: 35784526 PMCID: PMC9245512 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.895064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As antidepressant usage by the global population continues to increase, their persistent detection in aquatic habitats from municipal wastewater effluent release has led to concerns of possible impacts on non-target organisms, including fish. These pharmaceuticals have been marketed as mood-altering drugs, specifically targeting the monoaminergic signaling in the brain of humans. However, the monoaminergic systems are highly conserved and involved in the modulation of a multitude of endocrine functions in vertebrates. While most studies exploring possible impact of antidepressants on fish have focused on behavioural perturbations, a smaller spotlight has been placed on the endocrine functions, especially related to reproduction, growth, and the stress response. The purpose of this review is to highlight the possible role of antidepressants as endocrine disruptors in fish. While studies linking the effects of environmentally relevant levels of antidepressant on the endocrine system in fish are sparse, the emerging evidence suggests that early-life exposure to these compounds have the potential to alter the developmental programming of the endocrine system, which could persist as long-term and multigenerational effects in teleosts.
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21
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Gould SL, Winter MJ, Norton WHJ, Tyler CR. The potential for adverse effects in fish exposed to antidepressants in the aquatic environment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:16299-16312. [PMID: 34856105 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c04724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Antidepressants are one of the most commonly prescribed pharmaceutical classes for the treatment of psychiatric conditions. They act via modulation of brain monoaminergic signaling systems (predominantly serotonergic, adrenergic, dopaminergic) that show a high degree of structural conservation across diverse animal phyla. A reasonable assumption, therefore, is that exposed fish and other aquatic wildlife may be affected by antidepressants released into the natural environment. Indeed, there are substantial data reported for exposure effects in fish, albeit most are reported for exposure concentrations exceeding those occurring in natural environments. From a critical analysis of the available evidence for effects in fish, risk quotients (RQs) were derived from laboratory-based studies for a selection of antidepressants most commonly detected in the aquatic environment. We conclude that the likelihood for effects in fish on standard measured end points used in risk assessment (i.e., excluding effects on behavior) is low for levels of exposure occurring in the natural environment. Nevertheless, some effects on behavior have been reported for environmentally relevant exposures, and antidepressants can bioaccumulate in fish tissues. Limitations in the datasets used to calculate RQs revealed important gaps in which future research should be directed to more accurately assess the risks posed by antidepressants to fish. Developing greater certainty surrounding risk of antidepressants to fish requires more attention directed toward effects on behaviors relating to individual fitness, the employment of environmentally realistic exposure levels, on chronic exposure scenarios, and on mixtures analyses, especially given the wide range of similarly acting compounds released into the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie L Gould
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD, U.K
| | - Matthew J Winter
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD, U.K
| | - William H J Norton
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, University Rd, Leicester, LE1 7RH, U.K
| | - Charles R Tyler
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD, U.K
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22
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Yusuf A, O'Flynn D, White B, Holland L, Parle-McDermott A, Lawler J, McCloughlin T, Harold D, Huerta B, Regan F. Monitoring of emerging contaminants of concern in the aquatic environment: a review of studies showing the application of effect-based measures. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:5120-5143. [PMID: 34726207 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay01184g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Water scarcity is increasingly a global cause of concern mainly due to widespread changes in climate conditions and increased consumptive water use driven by the exponential increase in population growth. In addition, increased pollution of fresh water sources due to rising production and consumption of pharmaceuticals and organic chemicals will further exacerbate this concern. Although surface water contamination by individual chemicals is often at very low concentration, pharmaceuticals for instance are designed to be efficacious at low concentrations, creating genuine concern for their presence in freshwater sources. Furthermore, the additive impact of multiple compounds may result in toxic or other biological effects that otherwise will not be induced by individual chemicals. Globally, different legislative frameworks have led to pre-emptive efforts which aim to ensure good water ecological status. Reports detailing the use and types of effect-based measures covering specific bioassay batteries that can identify specific mode of actions of chemical pollutants in the aquatic ecosystem to evaluate the real threat of pollutants to aquatic lives and ultimately human lives have recently emerged from monitoring networks such as the NORMAN network. In this review, we critically evaluate some studies within the last decade that have implemented effect-based monitoring of pharmaceuticals and organic chemicals in aquatic fauna, evaluating the occurrence of different chemical pollutants and the impact of these pollutants on aquatic fauna with special focus on pollutants that are contaminants of emerging concern (CEC) in urban wastewater. A critical discussion on studies that have used effect-based measures to assess biological impact of pharmaceutical/organic compound in the aquatic ecosystem and the endpoints measurements employed is presented. The application of effect-based monitoring of chemicals other than assessment of water quality status is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azeez Yusuf
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Dublin, Ireland.
- Water Institute, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Dylan O'Flynn
- School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Dublin, Ireland
- Water Institute, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Blanaid White
- School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Dublin, Ireland
- Water Institute, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Linda Holland
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Dublin, Ireland.
- Water Institute, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anne Parle-McDermott
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Dublin, Ireland.
- Water Institute, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jenny Lawler
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Dublin, Ireland.
- Water Institute, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
- Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute (QEERI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Thomas McCloughlin
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Dublin, Ireland.
- Water Institute, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Denise Harold
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Belinda Huerta
- School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Dublin, Ireland
- Water Institute, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fiona Regan
- School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Dublin, Ireland
- Water Institute, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
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23
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Clyde PM, Lee CS, Price RE, Venkatesan AK, Brownawell BJ. Occurrence and removal of PPCPs from on-site wastewater using nitrogen removing biofilters. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 206:117743. [PMID: 34717243 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The presence of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in the environment is primarily the result of discharge of waste, including from onsite wastewater treatment systems (OWTSs) which are employed by 25% of homes in the United States. However, the occurrence and removal of PPCPs in OWTSs is not well understood, particularly given the large diversity in PPCP compounds as well as in OWTS designs. In this study, we monitored 26 different PPCPs in 13 full-scale nitrogen removing biofilters (NRBs), an innovative/alternative type of OWTS that utilizes an overlying sand layer and an underlying woodchip/sand layer to simultaneously remove nitrogen and other wastewater-derived contaminants. The specific objectives of this study were (i) to measure the occurrence of PPCPs in septic tank effluent (STE) that served as an influent to NRBs, (ii) to quantify PPCP removal in three types of NRB configurations (n = 13), and (iii) to evaluate PPCP removal with depth and environmental conditions in NRBs. Aqueous samples were taken during 42 separate sampling events during 2016 - 2019 and analyzed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Analysis of the STE samples yielded detection of 23 of the 26 PPCPs, with caffeine being the most abundant and frequently detected compound at 52,000 ng/L (range: 190 - 181,000 ng/L), followed by acetaminophen and paraxanthine at 47,500 ng/L (190 - 160,000 ng/L), and 34,300 ng/L (430 - 210,000 ng/L), respectively. Cimetidine, fenofibrate, and warfarin were the only compounds not detected. The average removal of PPCPs by NRBs ranged from 58% to >99% for the various compounds. PPCP removal as a function of depth in the systems showed that 50 to >99% of the observed removal was achieved within the top oxic layer (0 - 46 cm) of the NRBs for 19 analytes. Seven of the compounds had >85% removal by the same depth. These results indicate that NRBs are effective at removing PPCPs and that a large portion of the removal is achieved within the oxic nitrifying layer of the NRBs. Overall, the removal of PPCPs in NRBs was comparable (n = 8) or better (n = 15) than that observed for conventional wastewater treatment plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia M Clyde
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, United States; New York State Center for Clean Water Technology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, United States
| | - Cheng-Shiuan Lee
- New York State Center for Clean Water Technology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, United States
| | - Roy E Price
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, United States; New York State Center for Clean Water Technology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, United States
| | - Arjun K Venkatesan
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, United States; New York State Center for Clean Water Technology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, United States.
| | - Bruce J Brownawell
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, United States; New York State Center for Clean Water Technology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, United States
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24
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Cui H, Zhou W, Deng Y, Zheng B, Zhang Q, Zhang Z, Lu T, Qian H. Meta-transcriptomic profiling of functional variation of freshwater microbial communities induced by an antidepressant sertraline hydrochloride. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 786:147434. [PMID: 33964776 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sertraline hydrochloride (Ser-HCl) is an effective and commonly used antidepressant drug, which is also frequently detected in aquatic environments. Our previous research showed that Ser-HCl changes the community composition of aquatic microbiome, but the understanding of the expression of functional pathways in microbial communities is still incomplete; to address this knowledge gap, we used meta-transcriptomics analysis to evaluate the toxicity of Ser-HCl to natural aquatic microbial communities cultured in laboratory microcosms. Meta-transcriptomic results show that a 15-day exposure to 50 μg/L Ser-HCl significantly changed the functional expression activity of aquatic microbial communities. Pathways related to lipid metabolism, energy metabolism, membrane transport function, and genetic information processing in the aquatic microbial community were severely inhibited under Ser-HCl treatment, but metabolism of cofactors and vitamins to alleviate biological toxicity after Ser-HCl exposure was enhanced. Our study thus reveals details of the effects of sertraline on the functioning of aquatic microbiome. Due to the extensive use of Ser-HCl and its strong biological activity, it should not continue to be an overlooked pollutant. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the negative effects of such biologically active drugs on the expression of aquatic microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengzheng Cui
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Wenya Zhou
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Yu Deng
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Binyu Zheng
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Qi Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Zhenyan Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Tao Lu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China.
| | - Haifeng Qian
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
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25
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Chabenat A, Knigge T, Bellanger C. Antidepressants Modify Cryptic Behavior in Juvenile Cuttlefish at Environmentally Realistic Concentrations. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2021; 40:2571-2577. [PMID: 34197652 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of the marine environment by antidepressants may affect neurophysiological processes in nontarget organisms, such as the common cuttlefish, Sepia officinalis. The present study tested whether environmentally realistic concentrations of antidepressants, that is, fluoxetine alone (5 ng L-1 ) or cumulated with venlafaxine (2.5 or 5 ng L-1 ), affect camouflage in newly hatched cuttlefish. The results show that antidepressants improved uniform body patterns, whereas disruptive body patterns were not affected. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:2571-2577. © 2021 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apolline Chabenat
- Normandie Univ, Unicaen, Univ Rennes, CNRS, Éthologie animale et humaine (EthoS)-UMR 6552, University of Caen Normandy, Caen, France
- Normandie Univ, Unilehavre, FR CNRS 3730 Sciences Appliquées à L'Environnement, UMR-I02, Environmental Stress and Biomonitoring of Aquatic Environments, University of Le Havre Normandy, Le Havre, France
| | - Thomas Knigge
- Normandie Univ, Unilehavre, FR CNRS 3730 Sciences Appliquées à L'Environnement, UMR-I02, Environmental Stress and Biomonitoring of Aquatic Environments, University of Le Havre Normandy, Le Havre, France
| | - Cécile Bellanger
- Normandie Univ, Unicaen, Univ Rennes, CNRS, Éthologie animale et humaine (EthoS)-UMR 6552, University of Caen Normandy, Caen, France
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26
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Ihara M, Zhang H, Ihara MO, Kato D, Tanaka H. Proposal for fluorescence-based in vitro assay using human and zebrafish monoamine transporters to detect biological activities of antidepressants in wastewater. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 770:144665. [PMID: 33513512 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Antidepressants are among the most commonly detected pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment. As they modulate neurotransmission in nervous systems, behavioural abnormalities among aquatic species are of concern. It is possible to measure the concentrations of selected antidepressants by chemical analysis, but other non-target antidepressants and active metabolites might also be present. Here, we propose an "in vitro monoamine transporter inhibition assay" to measure the biological activity of antidepressants, particularly monoamine transporter inhibitors, in wastewater. We used APP, a fluorescent substrate for monoamine transporters, to measure the activity of wastewater extracts at inhibiting APP uptake through the human serotonin transporter (hSERT), norepinephrine transporter (hNET), and dopamine transporter, and the zebrafish SERT (zSERT). We confirmed that the assay could measure the biological activity of test antidepressants. Interestingly, the IC50 values of antidepressants (the concentration that gave a 50% reduction of APP uptake) for the zSERT were smaller than those for the hSERT. For example, IC50 value of desipramine for the zSERT was 1/200 of that for the hSERT. These results indicate that antidepressants inhibited zSERT more strongly than hSERT. Then we applied the assay to extracts of effluent from municipal wastewater treatment plants and detected biological activity of antidepressants specifically against the hSERT, hNET, and zSERT for the first time. For the hSERT, antidepressant-equivalent quantities (EQs) ranged from 2.2 × 101 to 2.5 × 102 ng-clomipramine-EQ/L. For the hNET, EQs ranged from below limit of detection to 8.2 × 101 ng-desipramine-EQ/L. For the zSERT, EQs ranged from 2.8 × 102 to 3.3 × 102 ng-duloxetine-EQ/L. The in vitro monoamine transporter inhibition assay is thus useful for measuring the biological activity of antidepressants in the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Ihara
- Research Center for Environmental Quality Management, Kyoto University, 1-2 Yumihama, Otsu, Shiga 520-0811, Japan.
| | - Han Zhang
- Research Center for Environmental Quality Management, Kyoto University, 1-2 Yumihama, Otsu, Shiga 520-0811, Japan
| | - Mariko O Ihara
- Research Center for Environmental Quality Management, Kyoto University, 1-2 Yumihama, Otsu, Shiga 520-0811, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kato
- Research Center for Environmental Quality Management, Kyoto University, 1-2 Yumihama, Otsu, Shiga 520-0811, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Tanaka
- Research Center for Environmental Quality Management, Kyoto University, 1-2 Yumihama, Otsu, Shiga 520-0811, Japan
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27
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Ford AT, Ågerstrand M, Brooks BW, Allen J, Bertram MG, Brodin T, Dang Z, Duquesne S, Sahm R, Hoffmann F, Hollert H, Jacob S, Klüver N, Lazorchak JM, Ledesma M, Melvin SD, Mohr S, Padilla S, Pyle GG, Scholz S, Saaristo M, Smit E, Steevens JA, van den Berg S, Kloas W, Wong BBM, Ziegler M, Maack G. The Role of Behavioral Ecotoxicology in Environmental Protection. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:5620-5628. [PMID: 33851533 PMCID: PMC8935421 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c06493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
For decades, we have known that chemicals affect human and wildlife behavior. Moreover, due to recent technological and computational advances, scientists are now increasingly aware that a wide variety of contaminants and other environmental stressors adversely affect organismal behavior and subsequent ecological outcomes in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. There is also a groundswell of concern that regulatory ecotoxicology does not adequately consider behavior, primarily due to a lack of standardized toxicity methods. This has, in turn, led to the exclusion of many behavioral ecotoxicology studies from chemical risk assessments. To improve understanding of the challenges and opportunities for behavioral ecotoxicology within regulatory toxicology/risk assessment, a unique workshop with international representatives from the fields of behavioral ecology, ecotoxicology, regulatory (eco)toxicology, neurotoxicology, test standardization, and risk assessment resulted in the formation of consensus perspectives and recommendations, which promise to serve as a roadmap to advance interfaces among the basic and translational sciences, and regulatory practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex T Ford
- University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - Marlene Ågerstrand
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bryan W Brooks
- Department of Environmental Science, Institute of Biomedical Studies, Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76706, United States
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Joel Allen
- U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, United States
| | | | - Tomas Brodin
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - ZhiChao Dang
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - René Sahm
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Dessau, Germany
| | - Frauke Hoffmann
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Nils Klüver
- Environmental Research Center (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
| | - James M Lazorchak
- U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, United States
| | - Mariana Ledesma
- Swedish Chemicals Agency (KemI), Sundbyberg, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
| | - Steven D Melvin
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | - Silvia Mohr
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Dessau, Germany
| | - Stephanie Padilla
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, U.S. EPA, Durham, North Carolina, United States
| | - Gregory G Pyle
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Canada
| | - Stefan Scholz
- Swedish Chemicals Agency (KemI), Sundbyberg, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
| | - Minna Saaristo
- Environment Protection Authority Victoria (EPA), Carlton, Australia
| | - Els Smit
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jeffery A Steevens
- U.S. Geological Survey, Columbia Environmental Research Center, Columbia, Missouri 65201, United States
| | | | - Werner Kloas
- Leibniz-Institute for Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bob B M Wong
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Ziegler
- Animal Physiological Ecology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gerd Maack
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Dessau, Germany
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28
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Thoré ESJ, Brendonck L, Pinceel T. Natural daily patterns in fish behaviour may confound results of ecotoxicological testing. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 276:116738. [PMID: 33611201 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Low doses of neuroactive chemicals end up in the environment and disrupt behaviour of non-target organisms. Although a whole range of studies have documented pollutant-induced changes in behaviour, natural daily variability in behaviour is rarely taken into account. This is surprising because biological rhythms may affect the outcome of experiments, are adaptive and are expected to be sensitive to neurochemical exposure. Here, we exploit daily behavioural variation in the fish model Nothobranchius furzeri to examine if behavioural effects of chronic exposure (74 days) to an environmentally relevant level (28 ng/L) of the neurochemical fluoxetine depend on the time of day. Fluoxetine exposure induced an increase in anxiety-related behaviour that was slightly more pronounced in the evening compared to the morning. Moreover, open-field locomotor activity was disrupted and daily patterns in activity lifted upon exposure to the compound. These results imply that short-term behavioural variability should be considered both to standardise ecological risk assessment of neuroactive chemicals as well as to better understand the environmental impact of such compounds in aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eli S J Thoré
- Animal Ecology, Global Change and Sustainable Development, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Luc Brendonck
- Animal Ecology, Global Change and Sustainable Development, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
| | - Tom Pinceel
- Animal Ecology, Global Change and Sustainable Development, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Centre for Environmental Management, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
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29
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Zheng X, Zhang K, Zhao Y, Fent K. Environmental chemicals affect circadian rhythms: An underexplored effect influencing health and fitness in animals and humans. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 149:106159. [PMID: 33508534 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms control the life of virtually all organisms. They regulate numerous aspects ranging from cellular processes to reproduction and behavior. Besides the light-dark cycle, there are additional environmental factors that regulate the circadian rhythms in animals as well as humans. Here, we outline the circadian rhythm system and considers zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a representative vertebrate organism. We characterize multiple physiological processes, which are affected by circadian rhythm disrupting compounds (circadian disrupters). We focus on and summarize 40 natural and anthropogenic environmental circadian disrupters in fish. They can be divided into six major categories: steroid hormones, metals, pesticides and biocides, polychlorinated biphenyls, neuroactive drugs and other compounds such as cyanobacterial toxins and bisphenol A. Steroid hormones as well as metals are most studied. Especially for progestins and glucocorticoids, circadian dysregulation was demonstrated in zebrafish on the molecular and physiological level, which comprise mainly behavioral alterations. Our review summarizes the current state of knowledge on circadian disrupters, highlights their risks to fish and identifies knowledge gaps in animals and humans. While most studies focus on transcriptional and behavioral alterations, additional effects and consequences are underexplored. Forthcoming studies should explore, which additional environmental circadian disrupters exist. They should clarify the underlying molecular mechanisms and aim to better understand the consequences for physiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehan Zheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yanbin Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Karl Fent
- University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, School of Life Sciences, Hofackerstrasse 30, CH-4132 Muttenz, Switzerland; ETH Zürich, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollution Dynamics, Department of Environmental Systems Science, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland.
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30
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González Peña OI, López Zavala MÁ, Cabral Ruelas H. Pharmaceuticals Market, Consumption Trends and Disease Incidence Are Not Driving the Pharmaceutical Research on Water and Wastewater. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:2532. [PMID: 33806343 PMCID: PMC7967517 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals enhance our quality of life; consequently, their consumption is growing as a result of the need to treat ageing-related and chronic diseases and changes in the clinical practice. The market revenues also show an historic growth worldwide motivated by the increase on the drug demand. However, this positivism on the market is fogged because the discharge of pharmaceuticals and their metabolites into the environment, including water, also increases due to their inappropriate management, treatment and disposal; now, worldwide, this fact is recognized as an environmental concern and human health risk. Intriguingly, researchers have studied the most effective methods for pharmaceutical removal in wastewater; however, the types of pharmaceuticals investigated in most of these studies do not reflect the most produced and consumed pharmaceuticals on the market. Hence, an attempt was done to analyze the pharmaceutical market, drugs consumption trends and the pharmaceutical research interests worldwide. Notwithstanding, the intensive research work done in different pharmaceutical research fronts such as disposal and fate, environmental impacts and concerns, human health risks, removal, degradation and development of treatment technologies, found that such research is not totally aligned with the market trends and consumption patterns. There are other drivers and interests that promote the pharmaceutical research. Thus, this review is an important contribution to those that are interested not only on the pharmaceutical market and drugs consumption, but also on the links, the drivers and interests that motivate and determine the research work on certain groups of pharmaceuticals on water and wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Israel González Peña
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Science, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada Sur No. 2501, Col. Tecnológico, Monterrey 64849, Mexico;
| | - Miguel Ángel López Zavala
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Science, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada Sur No. 2501, Col. Tecnológico, Monterrey 64849, Mexico;
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Al Shuraiqi A, Al-Habsi A, Barry MJ. Time-, dose- and transgenerational effects of fluoxetine on the behavioural responses of zebrafish to a conspecific alarm substance. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 270:116164. [PMID: 33341298 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Despite publication of numerous of papers, the effects of fluoxetine on fish behaviour remains mired in controversy and contradiction. One reason for this controversy is that fluoxetine displays distinct and opposing acute and chronic effects. A second reason is that most studies have been limited to two or at the most three concentrations. To address these deficiencies we exposed adult zebrafish, both single females and shoals consisting of one male and two females, to seven fluoxetine concentrations, ranging from 5 ng/L to 5 μg/L and measured their swimming behaviour, and response to a conspecific alarm substance (CAS) at seven, 14 and 28 days. We also measured the light startle response of unexposed F1 larvae at days seven and 28 post-hatch and the response to CAS at day 28. On day 7 fluoxetine decreased swimming speed at concentrations ≥500 ng/L. After addition of CAS fish exposed to 5, 500 and 1000 ng/L decreased swimming, while fish exposed to 10, 500 and 1000 ng/L significantly increased time motionless. On day 14 only fish exposed to 50 ng/L were significantly slower than controls before addition of CAS, but afterwards fish exposed to 5, 50, 1000 and 5000 ng/L showed significant differences from controls. On day 28 fish exposed to 50 and 5000 ng/L had slower average swimming speeds than controls before addition of CAS. After addition all fish except controls and those exposed to 500 ng/L showed decreased average speed. At seven days post-hatch, F1 larvae whose parents were exposed to 100 ng/L showed significantly higher activity than controls and those exposed to 500 ng/L fluoxetine showed lower activity in the light startle response. This study shows that the effects of fluoxetine vary with time and also in a non-monotonic manner. We suggest that the complex nature of the serotonergic system with multilateral effects at the genomic, biochemical and physiological levels interacting with environmental stimuli result in non-linear dose-response behavioural patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Al Shuraiqi
- Biology Department, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, PO Box 36, 123, Oman
| | - Aziz Al-Habsi
- Biology Department, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, PO Box 36, 123, Oman
| | - Michael J Barry
- Biology Department, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, PO Box 36, 123, Oman.
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Poopal RK, He Y, Zhao R, Li B, Ramesh M, Ren Z. Organophosphorus-based chemical additives induced behavioral changes in zebrafish (Danio rerio): Swimming activity is a sensitive stress indicator. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2020; 83:106945. [PMID: 33333156 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2020.106945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) have been extensively used as chemical additives in polymer based consumer products. Among them, Isopropylphenyl phosphate (IPPP) and tripropyl phosphate (TPP) are predominant, which have potential to cause neuro-toxic effects on non-target organisms. As behavior (swimming activity) response is the first adjustment due to neurotoxic stress on the fitness of fish. In this study, the quantified swimming activity of zebrafish (Danio rerio) under IPPP and TPP exposure in an online monitoring system was investigated to assess the neurotoxin effects under long-term exposure periods, no swimming anomalies were observed in the control group. Whereas, in the OPFR exposures ((treatment I: 5 μg/L and treatment II: 25 μg/L), a series of anomalies were identified. Hyperactivity was shown in IPPP treatment I group (5 μg/L), whereas zebrafish swimming activity was declined throughout the study period in IPPP treatment II (25 μg/L), and TPP groups (5 μg/L and 25 μg/L) when compared to the control group. Circadian rhythm was not affected in the present study. The results of the present study indicated that the fitness of test individuals was a valid biomarker for eco-toxicity assessment under unescapable conditions. Hypoactivity of zebrafish signified the neurotoxic effects of IPPP and TPP. A concentration based improvement in swimming activity was observed under recovery conditions, which suggested that recovery capacity along with toxicity responses could be a comprehensive non-invasive technique to assess the eco-toxicity of waterborne chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama-Krishnan Poopal
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China
| | - Yaqi He
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China
| | - Ruibin Zhao
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China
| | - Bin Li
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China.
| | - Mathan Ramesh
- Unit of Toxicology, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, TamilNadu, India
| | - Zongming Ren
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China.
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Occurrence and distribution of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in mariculture fish and the human health implications. Food Chem 2020; 345:128806. [PMID: 33352402 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The presence and distribution of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in the mariculture fish from Pulau Kukup, Johor of Malaysia have been studied along with the impact on human health. Six different species of mariculture fish were collected, due to their high consumption in the Asian region-especially Malaysia, to assess their levels of EDCs. The highest concentration of EDCs detected in the muscle was dexamethasone (2.37-15.84 ng/g) and (0.77-13.41 ng/g), in the liver was dexamethasone (<2.54-43.56 ng/g) and progesterone (2.23-9.78 ng/g), and in the reproductive organ are dexamethasone (<2.54-37.23 ng/g) and caffeine (0.21-18.92 ng/g). The human health risk assessment in the current study suggested that there is no potential risk to the consumer because the hazard index was below 1 (HI < 1). The present study provides information on the pollution profile of EDCs and the associated human health risk with EDCs in mariculture fish.
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Grabicová K, Grabic R, Fedorova G, Vojs Staňová A, Bláha M, Randák T, Brooks BW, Žlábek V. Water reuse and aquaculture: Pharmaceutical bioaccumulation by fish during tertiary treatment in a wastewater stabilization pond. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 267:115593. [PMID: 33254619 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
With increasing demand for aquaculture products, water reuse is likely to increase for aquaculture operations around the world. Herein, wastewater stabilization ponds (WSP) represents low cost and sustainable treatment technologies to reduce nutrients and various contaminants of emerging concern from effluent. In the present study, we examined bioaccumulation of selected pharmaceuticals from several therapeutic classes by two important fish species in aquaculture with different feeding preferences (Cyprinus carpio and Sander lucioperca) and their common prey to test whether species specific accumulation occurs. Forty and nineteen from 66 selected pharmaceuticals and their metabolites were positively found in water and sediment samples, respectively from the representative WSP. After a six-month study, which corresponds to aquaculture operations, fourteen pharmaceuticals and their metabolites were detected (at a frequency of higher than 50% of samples) in at least one fish tissue collected from the WSP. We observed striking differences for species and organ specific BAFs among study compounds. Though muscle tissues consistently accumulated lower levels of the target analytes, several substances were elevated in brain, liver and kidney tissues (e.g., sertraline) of both species. Low residual concentrations of these target analytes in aquaculture products (fish fillets) suggest WSPs are promising to support the water-food nexus in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateřina Grabicová
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic.
| | - Roman Grabic
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Ganna Fedorova
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Vojs Staňová
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic; Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ilkovičova 6, SK-842 15, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Martin Bláha
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Randák
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Bryan W Brooks
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic; Department of Environmental Science, Institute of Biomedical Studies, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, 76798, USA
| | - Vladimír Žlábek
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
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Poopal RK, Zhang J, Zhao R, Ramesh M, Ren Z. Biochemical and behavior effects induced by diheptyl phthalate (DHpP) and Diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP) exposed to zebrafish. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 252:126498. [PMID: 32197170 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Both Diheptyl-phthalate (DHpP) and Diisodecyl-phthalate (DIDP) were used extensively as plasticizers. Recently, their occurrence in the environmental matrices and human body fluids have been reported. Unfortunately, these phthalate congeners are without basic toxicity profiles. Hence, we studied the toxic effects of both DHpP and DIDP in the median lethal concentration (LC50 96-h) on zebrafish (Danio rerio). We assessed swimming behavior strength and tissues biomarker responses including total antioxidants capacity (TAOC), transaminases, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme. Fish exposed to phthalate congeners (Treatment-I and-II) for 15-days showed alterations on fish swimming behavior and circadian rhythm. At the end of the exposure period, both liver and heart tissue transaminases activities were found to be accelerated in DHpP and DIDP treated fish, when compared to control group. TAOC and AChE activities were found to be decreased in brain, gills, intestine, and muscle tissues of phthalate congeners treated fish than the control group. Alterations observed in the studied biomarkers were concentration-based response. Among treatment groups DHpP showed higher effects. Comparative studies on swimming behavior and biochemical activities were reasonable to know the swimming responses are mediated due to external stress or internal stress. More studies on molecular and biomarkers assessments are warranted on toxicity of emerging contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama-Krishnan Poopal
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan, 250358, China
| | - Jingxuan Zhang
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan, 250358, China
| | - Ruibin Zhao
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan, 250358, China
| | - Mathan Ramesh
- Unit of Toxicology, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, TamilNadu, India
| | - Zongming Ren
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan, 250358, China.
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Grabicová K, Grabic R, Fedorova G, Kolářová J, Turek J, Brooks BW, Randák T. Psychoactive pharmaceuticals in aquatic systems: A comparative assessment of environmental monitoring approaches for water and fish. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 261:114150. [PMID: 32062094 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Environmental monitoring and surveillance studies of pharmaceuticals routinely examine occurrence of substances without current information on human consumption patterns. We selected 10 streams with diverse annual flows and differentially influenced by population densities to examine surface water occurrence and fish accumulation of select psychoactive medicines, for which consumption is increasing in the Czech Republic. We then tested whether passive sampling can provide a useful surrogate for exposure to these substances through grab sampling, body burdens of young of year fish, and tissue specific accumulation of these psychoactive contaminants. We identified a statistically significant (p < 0.05) relationship between ambient grab samples and passive samplers in these streams when psychoactive contaminants were commonly quantitated by targeted liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry, though we did not observe relationships between passive samplers and tissue specific pharmaceutical accumulation. We further observed smaller lotic systems with elevated contamination when municipal effluent discharges from more highly populated cities contributed a greater extent of instream flows. These findings identify the importance of understanding age and species specific differences in fish uptake, internal disposition, metabolism and elimination of psychoactive drugs across surface water quality gradients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateřina Grabicová
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zatisi 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodnany, Czech Republic.
| | - Roman Grabic
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zatisi 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodnany, Czech Republic
| | - Ganna Fedorova
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zatisi 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodnany, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Kolářová
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zatisi 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodnany, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Turek
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zatisi 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodnany, Czech Republic
| | - Bryan W Brooks
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zatisi 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodnany, Czech Republic; Department of Environmental Science, Institute of Biomedical Studies, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, 76798, USA
| | - Tomáš Randák
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zatisi 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodnany, Czech Republic
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Cerveny D, Brodin T, Cisar P, McCallum ES, Fick J. Bioconcentration and behavioral effects of four benzodiazepines and their environmentally relevant mixture in wild fish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 702:134780. [PMID: 31733557 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We studied the adverse effects of four benzodiazepines frequently measured in European surface waters. We evaluated bioaccumulation potential of oxazepam, bromazepam, temazepam, and clobazam in freshwater fish species - perch (Perca fluviatilis) and we conducted a series of behavioral trials to assess their potential to alter boldness, activity, and social behavior. All selected endpoints were studied individually for each target benzodiazepine and as a mixture of all tested compounds to assess possible combinatory effects. We used a three-dimensional automated tracking system to quantify the fish behavior. The four compounds bioconcentrated differently in fish muscle (temazepam > clobazam > oxazepam > bromazepam) at high exposure (9.1, 6.9, 5.7, 8.1 µg L-1, respectively) and low exposure (0.5, 0.5, 0.3, 0.4 µg L-1, respectively) concentrations. A significant amount of oxazepam was also measured in fish exposed to temazepam, most likely because of the metabolic transformation of temazepam within the fish. Bromazepam, temazepam, and clobazam significantly affected fish behavior at high concentration, while no statistically significant changes were registered for oxazepam. The studied benzodiazepines affected behavior in combination, because the mixture treatment significantly changed several important behavioral traits even at low concentration, while no single compound exposure had such an effect at that dose. Based on our results, we conclude that effects of pharmaceuticals on aquatic environments could be underestimated if risk assessments only rely on the evaluation of single compounds. More studies focused on the combinatory effects of environmentally relevant mixtures of pharmaceuticals are necessary to fill the gaps in this knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Cerveny
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden; University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic.
| | - T Brodin
- Department of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-90183, Umeå, Sweden
| | - P Cisar
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - E S McCallum
- Department of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-90183, Umeå, Sweden; Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - J Fick
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden
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Miarov O, Tal A, Avisar D. A critical evaluation of comparative regulatory strategies for monitoring pharmaceuticals in recycled wastewater. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 254:109794. [PMID: 31780268 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals are a subset of micropollutants, present in the environment in trace concentrations. Because of their persistent nature, these chemicals are of particular concern. Little is known about how mixtures of pharmaceutical residues, found in WWTP effluents, affect the environment or public health. Yet, numerous studies show negative outcomes for both aquatic and terrestrial organisms, suggesting that they are given both to bioaccumulation and uptake in plants. Israel leads the world in effluent reuse (86%), almost exclusively utilized for purposes of agricultural irrigation. Pharmaceuticals, however, are not included in Israel's water regulatory oversight or management, essentially creating an epidemiological experiment among its citizens and environment. Globally, these compounds also are not commonly subject to monitoring or regulation. This study reviews and analyzes water policies and regulation worldwide that address the presence of pharmaceuticals in water resources, with a particular focus on Australia, Singapore, Switzerland, and the USA. Furthermore, the study investigates the reasons why these chemicals are not yet regulated in Israel. Based on a comprehensive evaluation of the data and analysis of the regulatory rationale in other countries, a list of recommended pharmaceutical standards that should be measured and monitored in Israel's wastewater treatment system is proposed. The suggested prioritization criteria should be at the heart of a new regulatory agenda for controlling pharmaceutical contamination in wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Miarov
- The Water Research Center, Porter School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Alon Tal
- Department of Public Policy, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Dror Avisar
- The Water Research Center, Porter School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
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Hodkovicova N, Sehonova P, Blahova J, Faldyna M, Marsalek P, Mikula P, Chloupek P, Dobsikova R, Vecerek V, Vicenova M, Vosmerova P, Svobodova Z. The effect of the antidepressant venlafaxine on gene expression of biotransformation enzymes in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:1686-1696. [PMID: 31755053 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06726-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The effect of venlafaxine, a pharmaceutical commonly found in aquatic environment, was analyzed on non-target organism, Danio rerio (Hamilton, 1822). D. rerio embryos were treated by two different concentrations of venlafaxine: either concentration relevant in aquatic environment (0.3 μg/L) or concentration that was two orders of magnitude higher (30 μg/L) for the evaluation of dose-dependent effect. Time-dependent effect was rated at 24, 96, and 144 h post-fertilization (hpf). For gene expression, genes representing one of the phases of xenobiotic biotransformation (0 to III) were selected. The results of this study showed that the effect of venlafaxine on the zebrafish embryos is the most evident at hatching (96 hpf). At this time, the results showed a downregulation of gene expression in each phase of biotransformation and in both tested concentrations. In contrast, an upregulation of most of the genes was observed 144 hpf for both tested venlafaxine concentrations. The study shows that venlafaxine can affect the gene expression of biotransformation enzymes in D. rerio embryos even in the environmentally relevant concentration and thus disrupt the process of biotransformation. Moreover, the pxr regulation of genes seems to be disrupted after venlafaxine exposure in dose- and time-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Hodkovicova
- Department of Animal Protection, Welfare and Behaviour, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho tr. 1946/1, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic.
- Department of Immunology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, 621 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Pavla Sehonova
- Department of Animal Protection, Welfare and Behaviour, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho tr. 1946/1, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho tr. 1946/1, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Blahova
- Department of Animal Protection, Welfare and Behaviour, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho tr. 1946/1, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Faldyna
- Department of Immunology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, 621 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Marsalek
- Department of Animal Protection, Welfare and Behaviour, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho tr. 1946/1, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Premysl Mikula
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho tr. 1946/1, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Chloupek
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho tr. 1946/1, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Radka Dobsikova
- Department of Animal Protection, Welfare and Behaviour, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho tr. 1946/1, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Vecerek
- Department of Animal Protection, Welfare and Behaviour, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho tr. 1946/1, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Vicenova
- Department of Immunology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, 621 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Vosmerova
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho tr. 1946/1, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenka Svobodova
- Department of Animal Protection, Welfare and Behaviour, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho tr. 1946/1, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic
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40
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Sari Erkan H, Chormey DS, Caglak A, Dalgic Bozyigit G, Maltepe E, Onkal Engin G, Bakırdere S. Binary Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Strategy for Accurate and Precise Determination of Micropollutants in Lake, Well and Wastewater Matrices. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2019; 103:841-847. [PMID: 31595322 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-019-02722-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a binary mixture in dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction was used for the preconcentration and determination of selected pesticides, pharmaceutical and hormone by GC-MS. A Box-Behnken experimental design was used to optimize the amounts of binary mixture, dispersive solvent and salt. The optimum parameters obtained were dichloromethane/1,2-dichloroethane binary mixture (200 µL), ethanol (2.0 mL) and potassium nitrate (1.0 g). Analytical performance of each analyte was determined under the optimum conditions and the lowest and highest detection limits calculated were 0.43 and 5.9 ng/mL. Low relative standard deviations were obtained even in the lowest concentrations in linear calibration plots, signifying high precision for the sample preparation procedure and instrumental measurement. Accuracy of the developed method and applicability to real samples was tested on well, lake, hospital and municipal wastewater. The percent recoveries acquired at different spiked concentrations were satisfactory (89%-108%), validating the accuracy of the method for the quantification of the analytes in the selected matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanife Sari Erkan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Davutpasa, Esenler, 34210, İstanbul, Turkey.
| | - Dotse Selali Chormey
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Art and Science, Yildiz Technical University, Davutpasa, Esenler, 34210, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Abdulkadir Caglak
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Davutpasa, Esenler, 34210, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Gamze Dalgic Bozyigit
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Davutpasa, Esenler, 34210, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Maltepe
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Art and Science, Yildiz Technical University, Davutpasa, Esenler, 34210, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Güleda Onkal Engin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Davutpasa, Esenler, 34210, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Sezgin Bakırdere
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Art and Science, Yildiz Technical University, Davutpasa, Esenler, 34210, İstanbul, Turkey
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41
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Ikert H, Craig PM. Chronic exposure to venlafaxine and increased water temperature reversibly alters microRNA in zebrafish gonads (Danio rerio). COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2019; 33:100634. [PMID: 31715506 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2019.100634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, non-coding RNA that act by downregulating targeted mRNA transcripts. Only recently have they been used as endpoints in studies of aquatic toxicology. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of an antidepressant contaminant, venlafaxine (VFX), and increased temperature on specific microRNA levels in zebrafish (Danio rerio) reproductive tissue. Adult zebrafish were exposed to one of four conditions; control, 1 μg/L VFX (VFX), 32 °C (Temp), or 1 μg/L VFX + 32 °C (VFX & Temp) for 21 days. Half of the fish were returned to control conditions for a 21-day recovery period. RT-qPCR was performed to measure relative abundances of several miRNAs known to respond to antidepressant exposure: dre-miR-22b-3p, dre-miR-301a, dre-miR-140-5p, dre-let-7d-5p, dre-miR-210-5p, and dre-miR-457b-5p. After the exposure period, dre-miR-22b-3p and dre-miR-301a showed a significant downregulation in response to all treatments. In contrast, after the recovery period, there were no significant differences in microRNA abundance. These altered microRNA are predicted to target several genes, including phosphofructokinase, and are associated with ovarian pathologies. Combined, we have shown that VFX and increased water temperature alter miRNA abundances in zebrafish reproductive tissue, an effect correlated with a functional stress response and cell cycle dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Ikert
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W., Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Paul M Craig
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W., Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.
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Rodrigues A, Borges FO, Pissarra V, Luísa Maulvault A, Paula JR, Bispo R, Rosa R. First indication of deleterious impacts in white-seabream larvae (Diplodus sargus) survival and behaviour following acute venlafaxine exposure. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2019; 28:612-618. [PMID: 31154538 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-019-02057-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater effluents are teeming with organisms, nutrients and chemical substances which water treatment processes fail to remove. Among these substances, pharmaceuticals such as antidepressants are a frequent occurrence, and have been reported to lead to severe effects in the physiology and behaviour of non-target marine species across taxa. Venlafaxine (VFX) is one of the most consistently prescribed substances for the treatment of human depressive disorders, acting as a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor. In the present study, the potential effects of this antidepressant on the survival and key behaviours (i.e. movement, aggression and foraging) of white seabream (Diplodus sargus) larvae were addressed. Larvae were submitted to an acute exposure of two different VFX treatments (low concentration, 10 µg L-1; and high concentration, 100 µg L-1) for a total of 48 h. Sampling took place after 24 and 48 h of exposure. Overall, results showed a significant effect of a two-day exposure to VFX in larvae of D. sargus. Survival was significantly reduced by exposure to a high concentration, but behavioural effects of antidepressant exposure were subtle: i.e. increased attack frequency and temporary modulation of capture success. Further research efforts should be directed towards evaluating the potential chronic effects of antidepressants in marine species, if we are to anticipate possible pressures on natural populations, and effectively advice policymakers towards the investment in new and more efficient methods of wastewater treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rodrigues
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Nossa Senhora do Cabo, 939, 2750-374, Cascais, Portugal
| | - Francisco O Borges
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Nossa Senhora do Cabo, 939, 2750-374, Cascais, Portugal.
| | - Vasco Pissarra
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Nossa Senhora do Cabo, 939, 2750-374, Cascais, Portugal
| | - Ana Luísa Maulvault
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Nossa Senhora do Cabo, 939, 2750-374, Cascais, Portugal
- Division of Aquaculture and Seafood Upgrading, Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, I.P. (IPMA), Rua Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6, 1495-006, Lisboa, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - José R Paula
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Nossa Senhora do Cabo, 939, 2750-374, Cascais, Portugal
| | - Regina Bispo
- Departamento de Matemática & Centro de Matemática e Aplicações (CMA), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Rui Rosa
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Nossa Senhora do Cabo, 939, 2750-374, Cascais, Portugal
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43
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Mole RA, Brooks BW. Global scanning of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: occurrence, wastewater treatment and hazards in aquatic systems. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 250:1019-1031. [PMID: 31085468 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.04.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
As the global population becomes more concentrated in urban areas, resource consumption, including access to pharmaceuticals, is increasing and chemical use is also increasingly concentrated. Unfortunately, implementation of waste management systems and wastewater treatment infrastructure is not yet meeting these global megatrends. Herein, pharmaceuticals are indicators of an urbanizing water cycle; antidepressants are among the most commonly studied classes of these contaminants of emerging concern. In the present study, we performed a unique global hazard assessment of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in water matrices across geographic regions and for common wastewater treatment technologies. SSRIs in the environment have primarily been reported from Europe (50%) followed by North America (38%) and Asia-Pacific (10%). Minimal to no monitoring data exists for many developing regions of the world, including Africa and South America. From probabilistic environmental exposure distributions, 5th and 95th percentiles for all SSRIs across all geographic regions were 2.31 and 3022.1 ng/L for influent, 5.3 and 841.6 ng/L for effluent, 0.8 and 127.7 ng/L for freshwater, and 0.5 and 22.3 ng/L for coastal and marine systems, respectively. To estimate the potential hazards of SSRIs in the aquatic environment, percent exceedances of therapeutic hazard values of specific SSRIs, without recommended safety factors, were identified within and among geographic regions. For influent sewage and wastewater effluents, sertraline exceedances were observed 49% and 29% of the time, respectively, demonstrating the need to better understand emerging water quality hazards of SSRIs in urban freshwater and coastal ecosystems. This unique global review and analysis identified regions where more monitoring is necessary, and compounds requiring toxicological attention, particularly with increasing aquatic reports of behavioral perturbations elicited by SSRIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A Mole
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Bryan W Brooks
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA; Institute of Biomedical Studies, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA; School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
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44
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Response of antioxidants to semisynthetic bacteriostatic antibiotic (erythromycin) concentrations: A study on freshwater fish. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chnaes.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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45
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Aghaeinejad-Meybodi A, Ebadi A, Shafiei S, Khataee A, Kiadehi AD. Degradation of Fluoxetine using catalytic ozonation in aqueous media in the presence of nano-γ-alumina catalyst: Experimental, modeling and optimization study. Sep Purif Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2018.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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46
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Fong PP, DiPenta KE, Jonik SM, Ward CD. Short-term exposure to tricyclic antidepressants delays righting time in marine and freshwater snails with evidence for low-dose stimulation of righting speed by imipramine. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:7840-7846. [PMID: 30680684 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04269-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Active pharmaceutical ingredients such as tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) are contaminants of emerging concern which are commonly detected in wastewater effluent and which can disrupt the behavior of non-target organisms. In aquatic snails, the righting response is a critical behavior that has been shown to be inhibited by exposure to SSRI-type antidepressants. We exposed marine and freshwater snails to three tricyclic antidepressants (clomipramine, amitriptyline, and imipramine) for 1 h and measured righting response time. In the marine mud snail (Ilyanassa obsoleta), all three TCAs significantly increased righting time at concentrations as low as 156 μg/L. Similarly, in the freshwater snail Leptoxis carinata, all three TCAs increased righting time at concentrations as low as 263 μg/L. However, exposure to imipramine from 15.8 to 316 μg/L resulted in significantly faster righting time. Such low-dose stimulation and high-dose inhibition are characteristics of a hormetic response. We discuss the possible physiological mechanism of action of TCAs and other antidepressants on snail behavior, and the occurrence of non-monotonic, hormetic dose responses to human pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter P Fong
- Department of Biology, Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, PA, 17325, USA.
| | - Kelsey E DiPenta
- Department of Biology, Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, PA, 17325, USA
| | - Sarahrose M Jonik
- Department of Biology, Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, PA, 17325, USA
| | - Courtney D Ward
- Department of Biology, Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, PA, 17325, USA
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47
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Parrott JL, Metcalfe CD. Assessing the effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of antidepressant mixtures to fathead minnows exposed over a full life cycle. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 648:1227-1236. [PMID: 30340268 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Antidepressant drugs have been detected in municipal wastewater effluents (MWWEs) at ng/L to low μg/L concentrations. We exposed fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) over a full lifecycle to a mixture of five antidepressants at concentrations similar to a MWWE (1× AntiD Mix); venlafaxine at 2400 ng/L, citalopram at 240 ng/L, fluoxetine at 90 ng/L, sertraline at 20 ng/L, and bupropion at 90 ng/L, and 10× these concentrations (i.e. 10× AntiD Mix). Mean measured concentrations of venlafaxine, citalopram, fluoxetine, sertraline, and bupropion were 2300, 160, 110, 7 ng/L, and below detection limits, respectively, for the 1× AntiD Mix, and 33,000, 2900, 1000, 210, and 100 ng/L, respectively for the 10× AntiD Mix. During the life-cycle exposure, no significant changes were observed in survival of fathead minnows. When male fish from the exposed treatments reached maturity, their weights were increased compared to control males. There were no significant differences in condition factor, gonadosomatic index, or liver-somatic index in the exposed fish. Exposed fathead minnows produced similar numbers of eggs as control fish, and there were no changes in nest-defense behaviours of male minnows. Egg quality, % fertilization, and % hatching in F1 fry were unaffected by exposure to the antidepressants. Eggs hatched 0.5 d earlier, deformities in fry were 50% lower, and there were transient decreases in length of F1 larvae at 8 days post-hatch in offspring from the treatment with the 10× AntiD Mix. Overall, exposure to the antidepressant mixture at environmentally relevant concentrations (i.e. 1× AntiD Mix) caused no adverse effects in fathead minnows. Exposure to the 10× AntiD Mix increased the weight of adult male minnows and caused subtle effects in F1 offspring. This study is the first to assess sublethal effects in fish exposed to mixtures of antidepressants over a full lifecycle. CAPSULE: No effects were observed in fathead minnow exposed for a lifecycle to antidepressant mixtures at environmentally-relevant concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne L Parrott
- Water Science and Technology Directorate, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Burlington, ON L7S 1A1, Canada.
| | - Chris D Metcalfe
- Water Quality Centre, Trent University, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada
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48
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Meijide FJ, Da Cuña RH, Prieto JP, Dorelle LS, Babay PA, Lo Nostro FL. Effects of waterborne exposure to the antidepressant fluoxetine on swimming, shoaling and anxiety behaviours of the mosquitofish Gambusia holbrooki. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 163:646-655. [PMID: 30096666 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.07.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Chemical pollution from pharmaceuticals is increasingly recognized as a major hazard to the aquatic biota. Among the wide variety of pharmaceuticals, fluoxetine (FLX) is one of the most widely prescribed antidepressants, and therefore, it is frequently identified in the aquatic environment. As FLX is designed to alter human behaviour and many physiological pathways are conserved across vertebrates, this drug may affect the behaviour of fish living in FLX-polluted environments. Here, we exposed groups of female mosquitofish Gambusia holbrooki to waterborne FLX for 14 days, under semi-static conditions with daily renewal of test solutions. Following exposure, we conducted a set of behavioural assays in individual fish, aimed at assessing the effects of FLX on their locomotor activity and behavioural responses. We found that FLX impaired swimming behaviour at high concentrations (25 μg/L and 50 μg/L) but not at low concentrations close to environmental levels (1 μg/L and 5 μg/L). When swimming activity was assessed 5 min after transfer of the focal fish to the testing tank, 50 μg/L FLX was the only concentration showing significant effects. However, when the same trials were performed 24 h later, 25 μg/L FLX turned out to be an effect concentration in addition to 50 μg/L. Interestingly, these concentrations would elicit fish plasma concentrations comprised within the range of human therapeutic doses. When subjected to a light/dark preference test, fish showed tendency to remain less time in the dark area at high FLX concentrations, thus suggesting an anti-anxiety response. Shoaling behaviour was not affected by FLX exposure. Our study contributes to the growing body of literature evaluating the effects of FLX on animal behaviour. Regarding the experimental design used in behavioural testing, our findings suggest that focal fish should be subjected to long habituation periods, namely of at least a few hours, in order to better assess the effects of drug exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando J Meijide
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología Acuática, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1428EGA Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada, CONICET-UBA, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Rodrigo H Da Cuña
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología Acuática, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1428EGA Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada, CONICET-UBA, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - José P Prieto
- Departamento de Neurofarmacología Experimental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Luciana S Dorelle
- Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada, CONICET-UBA, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paola A Babay
- Gerencia Química, Centro Atómico Constituyentes, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, 1650 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fabiana L Lo Nostro
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología Acuática, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1428EGA Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada, CONICET-UBA, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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49
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Yang M, Ren B, Qiao L, Ren B, Hu Y, Zhao R, Ren Z, Du J. Behavior responses of zebrafish (Danio rerio) to aquatic environmental stresses in the characteristic of circadian rhythms. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 210:129-138. [PMID: 29986218 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
As behavior shows a distinct circadian rhythm, it is hypothesized that circadian rhythms based on zebrafish (Danio rerio) behavior responses could be affected by contaminants in this study, and then the behavior strength of zebrafish exposed to 0.005 mg/L Cadmium chloride (CdCl2), 0.01 mg/L Dibasic Sodium Phosphate (Na2HPO4), 0.002 mg/L deltamethrin, and 0.003 mg/L atrazine for 6 days is used to illustrate the possibility of behavior circadian rhythms as an indicator in the environmental stress assessment. Statistical analysis with p < 0.01 shows that a clear difference between average values of BS during dark period (AVD) and those during light period (AVL) could be observed, and 24 h circadian rhythms do exist in zebrafish behavior responses. Both BS values and circadian rhythms of zebrafish can be affected in the aspect of periodicity with clear time delay, which were 1 h delay in CdCl2, 4 h delay in Na2HPO4, 4 h delay in deltamethrin, and 1 h delay in atrazine. Behavior circadian rhythms were disturbed according to the repetitive cycles after autocorrelation analysis, and the toxic effects of different chemicals could be reflected by the profiles of the Self-Organizing Map (SOM), which indicated the circadian rhythm disorder in different degrees. These results deduced from the statistical analysis, autocorrelation and SOM strongly supported that circadian rhythms based on zebrafish BS could be used as an indicator in the environmental stress assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyi Yang
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Baigang Ren
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan 250014, Shandong, China; School of Physics and Electronic Science, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Linlin Qiao
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Baixiang Ren
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Yongyuan Hu
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Ruibin Zhao
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Zongming Ren
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan 250014, Shandong, China.
| | - Jun Du
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan 250014, Shandong, China
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50
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Scott TM, Phillips PJ, Kolpin DW, Colella KM, Furlong ET, Foreman WT, Gray JL. Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical load to U.S. wastewaters. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 636:69-79. [PMID: 29704718 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Discharges from pharmaceutical manufacturing facilities (PMFs) previously have been identified as important sources of pharmaceuticals to the environment. Yet few studies are available to establish the influence of PMFs on the pharmaceutical source contribution to wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and waterways at the national scale. Consequently, a national network of 13 WWTPs receiving PMF discharges, six WWTPs with no PMF input, and one WWTP that transitioned through a PMF closure were selected from across the United States to assess the influence of PMF inputs on pharmaceutical loading to WWTPs. Effluent samples were analyzed for 120 pharmaceuticals and pharmaceutical degradates. Of these, 33 pharmaceuticals had concentrations substantially higher in PMF-influenced effluent (maximum 555,000 ng/L) compared to effluent from control sites (maximum 175 ng/L). Concentrations in WWTP receiving PMF input are variable, as discharges from PMFs are episodic, indicating that production activities can vary substantially over relatively short (several months) periods and have the potential to rapidly transition to other pharmaceutical products. Results show that PMFs are an important, national-scale source of pharmaceuticals to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tia-Marie Scott
- U.S. Geological Survey, 425 Jordan Road, Troy, NY 12180, United States.
| | | | - Dana W Kolpin
- U.S. Geological Survey, 400 S. Clinton Street, Rm 269 Federal Building, Iowa City, IA 52240, United States.
| | - Kaitlyn M Colella
- U.S. Geological Survey, 425 Jordan Road, Troy, NY 12180, United States.
| | - Edward T Furlong
- U.S. Geological Survey, National Water Quality Laboratory, Denver Federal Center, Building 95, Denver, CO 80225, United States.
| | - William T Foreman
- U.S. Geological Survey, National Water Quality Laboratory, Denver Federal Center, Building 95, Denver, CO 80225, United States.
| | - James L Gray
- U.S. Geological Survey, National Water Quality Laboratory, Denver Federal Center, Building 95, Denver, CO 80225, United States.
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