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Minne X, Mbuya Malaïka Mutombo J, Chandad F, Fanganiello RD, Houde VP. Porphyromonas gingivalis under palmitate-induced obesogenic microenvironment modulates the inflammatory transcriptional signature of macrophage-like cells. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288009. [PMID: 37384642 PMCID: PMC10309636 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic diseases and low-grade chronic inflammation are interconnected: obese persons are at higher risk of developing periodontitis. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in the development and progression of periodontitis in an obesogenic microenvironment in response to periodontopathogens are still lacking. This study aims to investigate the combined effects of palmitate and Porphyromonas gingivalis on the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and on transcriptional landscape modifications in macrophage-like cells. U937 macrophage-like cells were treated with palmitate and stimulated with P. gingivalis for 24h. Cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 were measured by ELISA in the culture medium and cell extracted RNA was submitted to a microarray analysis followed by Gene Ontology analyses. P. gingivalis, in presence of palmitate, potentiated IL-1β and TNF-α secretion in comparison to palmitate alone. Gene Ontology analyses also revealed that the combination palmitate-P. gingivalis potentiated the number of gene molecular functions implicated in the regulation of immune and inflammatory pathways compared to macrophages treated with palmitate alone. Our results provide the first comprehensive mapping of gene interconnections between palmitate and P. gingivalis during inflammatory responses in macrophage-like cells. These data highlight the importance of considering systemic conditions, specifically obesogenic microenvironment, in the management of periodontal disease in obese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Minne
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral Ecology Research Group (GREB), Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Fatiha Chandad
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral Ecology Research Group (GREB), Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Roberto D. Fanganiello
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral Ecology Research Group (GREB), Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vanessa P. Houde
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral Ecology Research Group (GREB), Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
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2
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Sun J, Guo G. Association between atherogenic index of plasma and periodontitis among U.S. adults. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:166. [PMID: 36949430 PMCID: PMC10035221 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02853-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum lipids have been proven to influence periodontitis. The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) is an important marker of lipid levels. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between periodontitis and AIP in adults. METHODS The study included participants from the 2009-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey who received a complete periodontal exam and a complete record of AIP. AIP was calculated as log10 (triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol). Periodontitis can be classified into four categories based on attachment loss and probing depth (no periodontitis, moderate periodontitis, mild periodontitis, and severe periodontitis). Multivariable logistic regression after adjusting and hierarchical analysis were conducted to investigate the relationship between periodontitis and AIP in adults. RESULTS The final sample included 4,371 participants, representing approximately 60 million people in the United States. Periodontitis among the AIP groups (quartile, Q1-Q4) was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Univariate analysis showed that AIP was associated with the incidence of periodontitis (P < 0.05), but not with the severity of periodontitis (P > 0.05) in participants. Multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed no correlation between the incidence of periodontitis and AIP among all participants (the trend P-value = 0.341), but a significant association with AIP in the non-smoking participants (the trend P-value = 0.031). CONCLUSION There was a significant correlation between periodontitis and AIP in the non-smoking population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Sun
- Changsha Stomatological Hospital, 389 Youyi Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410000, China
| | - Ge Guo
- Changsha Stomatological Hospital, 389 Youyi Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410000, China.
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3
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Miyashita D, Inoue R, Tsuno T, Okuyama T, Kyohara M, Nakahashi-Oda C, Nishiyama K, Fukushima S, Inada Y, Togashi Y, Shibuya A, Terauchi Y, Shirakawa J. Protective effects of S100A8 on sepsis mortality: Links to sepsis risk in obesity and diabetes. iScience 2022; 25:105662. [PMID: 36505926 PMCID: PMC9732389 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and diabetes are independent risk factors for death during sepsis. S100A8, an alarmin, is related to inflammation, obesity, and diabetes. Here, we examine the role of S100A8 in sepsis of obesity and diabetes models. Injection of S100A8 prolongs the survival of septic mice induced by lethal endotoxemia, Escherichia coli injection, or cecal ligation and puncture. S100A8 decrease the LPS-induced expression of proinflammatory cytokines in peritoneal macrophages by inhibiting TLR4-mediated signals in an autocrine manner. db/db, ob/ob, and western diet-fed mice demonstrate reduced upregulation of S100A8 induced by LPS treatment in both serum and peritoneal cells. These mice also show shorter survival after LPS injection, and S100A8 supplementation prolonged the survival. While myelomonocytic cells-specific S100A8-deficient mice (Lyz2 cre :S100A8 floxed/floxed ) exhibit shorter survival after LPS treatment, S100A8 supplementation prolonged the survival. Thus, myelomonocytic cell-derived S100A8 is crucial for protection from sepsis, and S100A8 supplementation improves sepsis, particularly in mice with obesity and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Miyashita
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation (IMCR), Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama-City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Ryota Inoue
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation (IMCR), Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama-City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tsuno
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation (IMCR), Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama-City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tomoko Okuyama
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama-City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Mayu Kyohara
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama-City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Chigusa Nakahashi-Oda
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, and R&D Center for Innovative Drug Discovery, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kuniyuki Nishiyama
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation (IMCR), Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama-City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Setsuko Fukushima
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation (IMCR), Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Yutaro Inada
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama-City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yu Togashi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama-City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Akira Shibuya
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, and R&D Center for Innovative Drug Discovery, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yasuo Terauchi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama-City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Jun Shirakawa
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation (IMCR), Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama-City University, Yokohama, Japan
- Corresponding author
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4
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Zhu L, Zhou C, Chen S, Huang D, Jiang Y, Lan Y, Zou S, Li Y. Osteoporosis and Alveolar Bone Health in Periodontitis Niche: A Predisposing Factors-Centered Review. Cells 2022; 11:3380. [PMID: 36359775 PMCID: PMC9657655 DOI: 10.3390/cells11213380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a periodontal inflammatory condition that results from disrupted periodontal host-microbe homeostasis, manifested by the destruction of tooth-supporting structures, especially inflammatory alveolar bone loss. Osteoporosis is characterized by systemic deterioration of bone mass and microarchitecture. The roles of many systemic factors have been identified in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis, including endocrine change, metabolic disorders, health-impaired behaviors and mental stress. The prevalence rate of osteoporotic fracture is in sustained elevation in the past decades. Recent studies suggest that individuals with concomitant osteoporosis are more vulnerable to periodontal impairment. Current reviews of worse periodontal status in the context of osteoporosis are limited, mainly centering on the impacts of menopausal and diabetic osteoporosis on periodontitis. Herein, this review article makes an effort to provide a comprehensive view of the relationship between osteoporosis and periodontitis, with a focus on clarifying how those risk factors in osteoporotic populations modify the alveolar bone homeostasis in the periodontitis niche.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yuyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Association between metabolic and hormonal profile, proinflammatory cytokines in saliva and gingival health in adolescent females with polycystic ovary syndrome. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:193. [PMID: 33849511 PMCID: PMC8045362 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01553-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Research studies indicate that polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) may increase susceptibility to periodontal disease. The mechanisms that link both conditions are not entirely understood. Thus, the study aimed to investigate the impact of hormonal and metabolic disturbances on the gingival health and salivary levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL1-β), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in adolescent girls with PCOS. Methods Thirty-one patients with PCOS and twenty-eight healthy age-mates (as the control group) were enrolled in the study. Individuals with PCOS underwent blood tests for the determination of hormonal and metabolic parameters. Saliva samples were collected to measure salivary testosterone and proinflammatory cytokines in both studied groups. Calibrated dentist assessed oral hygiene and gingival health of all subjects. Results Salivary testosterone was significantly higher in the study group (p = 0.0007). The groups did not differ significantly concerning periodontal parameters. Patients with PCOS revealed higher levels of salivary cytokines (p < 0.0001). Gingival index (GI) and the percentage of sites bleeding upon probing (BOP%) were positively correlated with the plaque index (PI) in both groups (rs ≥ 0.60, p < 0.001), and negatively correlated with salivary testosterone level in the PCOS group (rs = − 0.44, p = 0.0138 and rs = − 0.37, p = 0.0424, respectively). BOP% was also positively correlated with body mass index (BMI) in the control group (rs = 0.40, p = 0.0368) and index of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in the study group (rs = 0.48, p = 0.0068). Salivary testosterone was positively correlated with TNF-α in the control group (rs = 0.41, p = 0.0321), while in the study group, total testosterone (TT) was positively correlated with IL-6 (rs = 0.37, p = 0.0400) and free androgen index (FAI) with TNF-α (rs = 0.36, p = 0.0491). Conclusions Gingival health of the examined population was associated primarily with oral hygiene and, to a lesser extent, with the hormonal and metabolic profile. Despite similar periodontal parameters in the both studied groups, patients with PCOS revealed significantly higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines in saliva, which might be the manifestation of the systemic low-grade inflammation associated with PCOS.
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Gomes-Filho IS, Santos PNP, Cruz SS, Figueiredo ACMG, Trindade SC, Ladeia AM, Cerqueira EMM, Passos-Soares JS, Coelho JMF, Hintz AM, Barreto ML, Fischer RG, Loomer PM, Scannapieco FA. Periodontitis and its higher levels of severity are associated with the triglyceride/high density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio. J Periodontol 2021; 92:1509-1521. [PMID: 33689171 DOI: 10.1002/jper.21-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontitis and the Triglyceride/High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio have both been associated with cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and obesity. Additionally, the ratio is a possible substitute for predicting insulin resistance. This study investigated the association between periodontitis, its severity levels (exposures), and the TG/HDL-C ratio (outcome). METHODS A cross-sectional study of public health service users in Brazil considered socioeconomic-demographic characteristics, lifestyle behavior, and general and oral health conditions. Anthropometric measurements and blood pressure were also measured. Systemic biomarker data were obtained, as well as assessment of periodontal diagnosis and its severity. The TG/HDL-C ratio was calculated using the serum triglyceride level over HDL cholesterol and the cut-off point, TG/HDL-C ≥2.3 serving as the cutoff indicting dyslipidemia. Logistic and linear regressions were used to statistically analyze the data. RESULTS A total of 1011 participants were included, with 84.17% having periodontitis and 49.85% having a TG/HDL-C ratio ≥2.3. For individuals with periodontitis, the odds of TG/HDL-C ratio ≥2.3 were 1.47 times greater than in those without periodontitis (ORAdjusted = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.02-2.14). Similar results were found for those with moderate and severe periodontitis, with a slight increase in the measurement magnitude with disease severity. CONCLUSION A positive relationship between periodontitis and the TG/HDL-C ratio ≥2.3 was found, suggesting a possible association with periodontal disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac S Gomes-Filho
- Department of Health, Feira de Santana State University, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Pedro N P Santos
- Department of Health, Feira de Santana State University, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Simone S Cruz
- Department of Health, Feira de Santana State University, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil.,Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Recôncavo of Bahia, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Ana C M G Figueiredo
- Epidemiology Surveillance, Federal District Health State Department, Distrito Federal, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Soraya C Trindade
- Department of Health, Feira de Santana State University, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Ana M Ladeia
- Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Bahia Foundation for the Development of Sciences, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Eneida M M Cerqueira
- Department of Health, Feira de Santana State University, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Julita M F Coelho
- Department of Health, Feira de Santana State University, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Alexandre M Hintz
- Department of Health, Feira de Santana State University, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Maurício L Barreto
- Collective Health Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Ricardo G Fischer
- Department of Periodontology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Peter M Loomer
- School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
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7
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Wendland N, Opydo-Szymaczek J, Mizgier M, Jarząbek-Bielecka G. Subgingival microflora in adolescent females with polycystic ovary syndrome and its association with oral hygiene, gingivitis, and selected metabolic and hormonal parameters. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 25:1485-1496. [PMID: 32779013 PMCID: PMC7878225 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03456-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Research studies suggest that polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) may influence the composition of the oral microflora in women. This study aimed to investigate factors affecting the number of selected periopathogens in a young cohort of females with PCOS and to assess the association between oral hygiene, subgingival microbiome, gingival health, and metabolic and hormonal parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-two subjects with PCOS and twenty-three healthy controls aged 15-19 years were examined periodontally by a calibrated dentist. A real-time PCR method was used for the identification of 9 subgingival microorganisms. Subjects with PCOS underwent blood tests for determination of FSH, LH, total testosterone, DHEA-S, estradiol, SHBG, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, and lipid profile. RESULTS Gingival index (GI), the proportion of bleeding sites (BOP%), probing depth (PD), and plaque index (PLI) did not differ significantly between cases and healthy age-mates. The control group had significantly higher levels of Peptostreptococcus micros and substantially greater percentage of subjects infected by Treponema denticola. Capnocytophaga gingivalis count was positively correlated with the level of estradiol, while the concentration of HDL-C was negatively correlated with the number of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and orange complex bacteria. CONCLUSIONS PCOS in young patients was not associated with higher pathogenicity of subgingival biofilms. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Further studies are needed to explain the relationship between hormonal and metabolic abnormalities, subgingival microflora, and periodontal health in patients with PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Wendland
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Chair of Pediatric Dentistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 70 Bukowska Street, 60-812, Poznan, Poland
| | - Justyna Opydo-Szymaczek
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Chair of Pediatric Dentistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 70 Bukowska Street, 60-812, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Mizgier
- Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Physical Culture in Gorzow Wielkopolski, Poznan University of Physical Education, 4-6 Orląt Lwowskich Street, 66-400, Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poland
| | - Grażyna Jarząbek-Bielecka
- Department of Perinatology and Gynecology, Division of Developmental Gynecology and Sexology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 22 Polna Street, 60-535, Poznan, Poland
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8
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Gomes-Filho IS, Balinha IDSCE, da Cruz SS, Trindade SC, Cerqueira EDMM, Passos-Soares JDS, Coelho JMF, Ladeia AMT, Vianna MIP, Hintz AM, de Santana TC, Dos Santos PP, Figueiredo ACMG, da Silva ICO, Scannapieco FA, Barreto ML, Loomer PM. Moderate and severe periodontitis are positively associated with metabolic syndrome. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 25:3719-3727. [PMID: 33226499 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03699-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the association between periodontitis severity (exposure) and metabolic syndrome (MetS - outcome), using two criteria for diagnosis of the outcome, since this relationship remains unexplored. MATERIALS AND METHODS A case-control study was conducted with 870 individuals: 408 with first MetS diagnosis (cases) and 462 without MetS (controls). Participants' general information was obtained using a questionnaire and laboratory data was collected from medical records. Periodontitis severity criteria followed the Center for Disease Control and Prevention: none, mild, moderate, and severe. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were determined by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Findings showed a positive association between moderate and severe periodontitis and MetS: ORadjusted = 1.64 (95% CI: 1.01 to 2.68) and ORadjusted = 1.94 (95% CI: 1.19 to 3.16), respectively, after adjustment for age, sex, schooling level, smoking habit, and cardiovascular disease. The adjusted measurements showed that among individuals with moderate or severe periodontitis, the probability of having MetS was around two times greater than among those without periodontitis, and that the chance was greater among participants with severe periodontitis than those with moderate periodontitis. CONCLUSION An association between the severity of periodontal status and MetS was found, suggesting a possible relationship between the two diseases. CLINICAL RELEVANCE MetS influences the etiology of cardiovascular diseases, one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. The findings suggest that the greater the severity of periodontitis, the greater is the association magnitude with MetS. The health professional needs to recognize that the importance of periodontal disease may play in MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Suzart Gomes-Filho
- Department of Health, Feira de Santana State University, Avenida Getúlio Vargas, 379, Centro, Feira de Santana, Bahia, 44025-010, Brazil.
| | - Izadora da S C E Balinha
- Department of Health, Feira de Santana State University, Avenida Getúlio Vargas, 379, Centro, Feira de Santana, Bahia, 44025-010, Brazil
| | - Simone S da Cruz
- Department of Health, Feira de Santana State University, Avenida Getúlio Vargas, 379, Centro, Feira de Santana, Bahia, 44025-010, Brazil.,Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Recôncavo of Bahia, Santo Antônio de Jesus, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Soraya C Trindade
- Department of Health, Feira de Santana State University, Avenida Getúlio Vargas, 379, Centro, Feira de Santana, Bahia, 44025-010, Brazil
| | - Eneida de M M Cerqueira
- Department of Health, Feira de Santana State University, Avenida Getúlio Vargas, 379, Centro, Feira de Santana, Bahia, 44025-010, Brazil
| | - Johelle de S Passos-Soares
- Department of Health, Feira de Santana State University, Avenida Getúlio Vargas, 379, Centro, Feira de Santana, Bahia, 44025-010, Brazil.,Department of Preventive Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Julita Maria F Coelho
- Department of Health, Feira de Santana State University, Avenida Getúlio Vargas, 379, Centro, Feira de Santana, Bahia, 44025-010, Brazil
| | - Ana Marice T Ladeia
- Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Bahia Foundation for the Development of Sciences, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Maria Isabel P Vianna
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Alexandre M Hintz
- Department of Health, Feira de Santana State University, Avenida Getúlio Vargas, 379, Centro, Feira de Santana, Bahia, 44025-010, Brazil
| | - Teresinha C de Santana
- Department of Health, Feira de Santana State University, Avenida Getúlio Vargas, 379, Centro, Feira de Santana, Bahia, 44025-010, Brazil
| | - Pedro P Dos Santos
- Department of Health, Feira de Santana State University, Avenida Getúlio Vargas, 379, Centro, Feira de Santana, Bahia, 44025-010, Brazil
| | | | - Ivana C O da Silva
- Department of Health, Feira de Santana State University, Avenida Getúlio Vargas, 379, Centro, Feira de Santana, Bahia, 44025-010, Brazil
| | | | - Maurício L Barreto
- Collective Health Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Peter M Loomer
- School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
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9
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Jepsen S, Suvan J, Deschner J. The association of periodontal diseases with metabolic syndrome and obesity. Periodontol 2000 2020; 83:125-153. [PMID: 32385882 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a multifactorial chronic inflammatory disease associated with dysbiotic plaque biofilms and characterized by progressive destruction of the tooth-supporting apparatus. Globally, it is estimated that 740 million people are affected by its severe form. Periodontitis has been suggested to be linked to obesity and metabolic syndrome. Obesity, defined as excessive fat accumulation, is a complex multifactorial chronic inflammatory disease, with a high and increasing prevalence. Metabolic syndrome is defined as a cluster of obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and dysglycemia. Obesity, metabolic syndrome and periodontitis are among the most common non-communicable diseases and a large body of evidence from epidemiologic studies supports the association between these conditions. Extensive research has established plausible mechanisms to explain how these conditions can negatively impact each other, pointing to a bidirectional adverse relationship. At present there is only limited evidence available from a few intervention studies. Nevertheless, the global burden of periodontitis combined with the obesity epidemic has important clinical and public health implications for the dental team. In accordance with the common risk factor approach for tackling non-communicable diseases, it has been proposed that oral healthcare professionals have an important role in the promotion of periodontal health and general well-being through facilitation of healthy lifestyle behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Søren Jepsen
- Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jean Suvan
- Department of Periodontology, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - James Deschner
- Department of Periodontology and Operative Dentistry, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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10
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A Diet Rich in Saturated Fat and Cholesterol Aggravates the Effect of Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide on Alveolar Bone Loss in a Rabbit Model of Periodontal Disease. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12051405. [PMID: 32422858 PMCID: PMC7284766 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence connects periodontitis with a variety of systemic diseases, including metabolic syndrome, atherosclerosis, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The proposal of this study was to evaluate the role of diets rich in saturated fat and cholesterol in some aspects of periodontal diseases in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced model of periodontal disease in rabbits and to assess the influence of a periodontal intervention on hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis, and NAFLD progression to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Male rabbits were maintained on a commercial standard diet or a diet rich in saturated fat (3% lard w/w) and cholesterol (1.3% w/w) (HFD) for 40 days. Half of the rabbits on each diet were treated 2 days per week with intragingival injections of LPS from Porphyromonas gingivalis. Morphometric analyses revealed that LPS induced higher alveolar bone loss (ABL) around the first premolar in animals receiving standard diets, which was exacerbated by the HFD diet. A higher score of acinar inflammation in the liver and higher blood levels of triglycerides and phospholipids were found in HFD-fed rabbits receiving LPS. These results suggest that certain dietary habits can exacerbate some aspects of periodontitis and that bad periodontal health can contribute to dyslipidemia and promote NAFLD progression, but only under certain conditions.
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11
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Aberrant Periodontal and Systemic Immune Response of Overweight Rodents to Periodontal Infection. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:9042542. [PMID: 30719451 PMCID: PMC6335672 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9042542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore periodontal and systemic immune response of overweight hosts to periodontitis. Forty C57 BL/6J male mice were divided into high (HF) or low fat (LF) diet groups and fed with the two diets, respectively, for 8 weeks. Each diet group was then divided into periodontitis (P) or control (C) groups (n = 10 per group) for 10-day ligation or sham-ligation. Overweight-related parameters including body weight were measured. Alveolar bone loss (ABL) was morphometrically analyzed and periodontal osteoclasts were stained. Periodontal immune response including leukocyte and macrophage number and inflammatory cytokines were analyzed by histology and quantitative PCR. Serum cytokine and lipid levels were quantified using electrochemiluminescence immunoassays, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and biochemistry. It was found that HF group had 14.4% body weight gain compared with LF group (P < 0.01). ABL and periodontal osteoclast, leukocyte, and macrophage number were higher in P group than C group regardless of diet (P < 0.05). ABL and periodontal osteoclast number were not affected by diet regardless of ligation or sham-ligation. Leukocyte and macrophage number and protein level of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in periodontium and serum interleukin-6 level were downregulated by HF diet in periodontitis mice (P < 0.05). Periodontal protein level of TNF-α was highly correlated with serum interleukin-6 and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (P < 0.01). These findings indicated that impaired immune response occurs both periodontally and systemically in preobesity overweight individuals. Given a well-reported exacerbating effect of obesity on periodontitis, overweight, if let uncontrolled, might place the individuals at potential risk for future periodontal tissue damage.
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Hong R, Wang Z, Sui A, Liu X, Fan C, Lipkind S, Xu Q. Gingival mesenchymal stem cells attenuate pro-inflammatory macrophages stimulated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein and modulate lipid metabolism. Arch Oral Biol 2018; 98:92-98. [PMID: 30468993 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the effects of gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) on inflammatory macrophages upon oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) stimulation and evaluate therapeutic potential of GMSCs on mouse model of periodontitis associated with hyperlipidemia. METHODS in vitro, GMSCs were co-cultured with macrophages for 48 h in the absence or presence of M1 polarizing conditions and oxidized low-density lipoprotein in the transwell system. The supernatants were collected for ELISA. M1 and M2 markers of macrophages were analyzed by flow cytometry and PCR, and lipid accumulation was assessed by oil red O staining. in vivo, eighteen mice were divided into three groups (n = 6): Group A (periodontally healthy mice as control), Group B (periodontitis mice with hyperlipidemia), Group C (periodontitis mice with hyperlipidemia with the transplantation of GMSCs). The serum levels of cholesterol and inflammatory factors were measured by automatic analyzer. Bone regeneration was evaluated by Masson staining. RESULTS When co-cultured with GMSCs, the M1 markers of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) -α, Interleukin (IL) -6, Interleukin (IL) -1β, CD86, and Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) -DR were significantly reduced. In contrast, M2 markers such as Interleukin(IL) -10 and CD206 were moderately increased. Similar results were obtained in the cell culture supernatants. In animal experiment, GMSCs suppressed the expression of sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1c (SREBP-1c) and elevated the levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) and peroxisome proliferator activator receptor- coactivator 1(PGC-1α) in the liver, attenuated cholesterol dysfunction via the downregulation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and total cholesterol (TC), and the upregulation of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and decreased the levels of TNF-α and IL-6. Moreover, GMSC treatment improved bone regeneration. CONCLUSION GMSCs inhibit the activation of M1 macrophages, regulate lipid metabolism and reduce inflammatory response, and promote bone regeneration in mouse model of periodontitis associated with hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rundan Hong
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Stomatology, Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, China
| | - Zhiguo Wang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Aihua Sui
- Department of the Key Lab, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Stomatology, Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, China; Department of Stomatology, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, 4138 Linglong Mountain South Road, Qingzhou, 262500, Shandong, China
| | - Chun Fan
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Stomatology, Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, China
| | - Sofya Lipkind
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, California, United States
| | - Quanchen Xu
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Stomatology, Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, China.
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High-fat diet disrupts bone remodeling by inducing local and systemic alterations. J Nutr Biochem 2018; 59:93-103. [PMID: 29986312 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A high-fat (HF) diet leads to detrimental effects on alveolar bone (AB); however, the mechanisms linking adiposity to bone loss are poorly understood. This study investigated if AB resorption induced by an HF diet is associated with the regulation of inflammatory gene expression and if adipocytes can directly interfere with osteoclastogenesis. We also evaluated the effects of diet restriction (DR) on bone phenotype. C57BL6/J mice were fed normal chow or an HF diet for 12 weeks. Samples of maxillae, femur, blood and white adipose tissue were analyzed. In vitro co-culture of bone marrow-derived osteoclasts and mature adipocytes was carried out. The results revealed an increased number of osteoclasts and fewer osteoblasts in animals fed the HF diet, which led to the disruption of trabecular bone and horizontal AB loss. Similar effects were observed in the femur. The metabolic parameters and the deleterious effects of the HF diet on AB and the femur were reversed after DR. The HF diet modulated the expression of 30 inflammatory genes in AB such as Fam3c, InhBa, Tnfs11, Ackr2, Pxmp2 and Chil3, which are related to the inflammatory response and bone remodeling. In vitro, mature adipocytes produced increased levels of adipokines, and co-culture with osteoclasts resulted in augmented osteoclastogenesis. The results indicate that the mechanisms by which an HF diet affects bone involve induction of osteoclastogenesis and inflammatory gene expression. Adipokines apparently are key molecules in this process. Strategies to control diet-induced bone loss might be beneficial in patients with preexisting bone inflammatory conditions.
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Lutfioğlu M, Aydoğdu A, Atabay VE, Sakallioğlu EE, Avci B. Gingival crevicular fluid oxidative stress level in patients with periodontal disease and hyperlipidemia. Braz Oral Res 2017; 31:e110. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2017.vol31.0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Montalvany-Antonucci CC, Zicker MC, Oliveira MC, Macari S, Madeira MFM, Andrade I, Ferreira AVM, Silva TA. Diet versus jaw bones: Lessons from experimental models and potential clinical implications. Nutrition 2017; 45:59-67. [PMID: 29129238 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The consumption of different types of diets influences not only body health but the bone remodeling process as well. Nutritional components can directly affect maxillary and mandibular alveolar bone microarchitecture. In this review, we focus on the current knowledge regarding the influence of diets and dietary supplementation on alveolar bone. Accumulating evidence from experimental models suggests that carbohydrate- and fat-rich diets are detrimental for alveolar bone, whereas protective effects are associated with consumption of calcium, ω-3, and bioactive compounds. Little is known about the effects of protein-free and protein-rich diets, boron, vitamin C, vitamin E, zinc, and caffeine on alveolar bone remodeling. Adipokines and direct effects of nutritional components on bone cells are proposed mechanisms linking diet and bone. Results from animal models substantiate the role of nutritional components on alveolar bone. It is a well-built starting point for clinical studies on nutritional monitoring and intervention for patients with alveolar bone disorders, especially those who are treatment refractory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marina C Zicker
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marina C Oliveira
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Soraia Macari
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mila Fernandes M Madeira
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ildeu Andrade
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Adaliene Versiani M Ferreira
- Department of Nutrition, Nursing School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Tarcilia A Silva
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Lianhui Y, Meifei L, Zhongyue H, Yunzhi F. [Association between chronic periodontitis and hyperlipidemia: a Meta-analysis based on observational studies]. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2017; 35:419-426. [PMID: 28853511 PMCID: PMC7030217 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2017.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between periodontitis and hyperlipidemia risks through Meta-analysis. Methods Two researchers conducted an electronic search on PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, CBM, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP databases established until July 2016 for observational studies on the association between periodontitis and hyperlipidemia. The language used was limited to Chinese and English. After data extraction and quality evaluation of included trials, Meta-analysis was conducted using the RevMan 5.3 software. The GRADE 3.6 software was used to evaluate the quality level of the evidence. Results Six case-control studies and one cohort study were included. The results of Meta-analysis showed that serum triglyceride (TG) in patients with periodontitis was significantly higher than that of the periodontal health group (MD=50.50, 95% confidence interval=39.57-61.42, P<0.000 01), as well as serum total cholesterol (TC) (MD=17.54, 95% confidence interval=10.91-24.18, P<0.000 01). Furthermore, the risks of TG and TC in the serum of patients with chronic periodontitis were 4.73 times (OR=4.73, 95% confidence interval=2.74-8.17, P<0.000 01) and 3.62 times (OR=3.62, 95% confidence interval=2.18-6.03, P<0.000 01) of that of periodontal healthy patients. No significant difference was observed between the group with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and that with low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Conclusion Current evidence indicates that a correlation exists between chronic periodontitis and hyperlipidemia, and chronic periodontitis is an independent risk factor for hyperlipidemia, especially for TC and TG in serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lianhui
- Dept. of Prosthodontics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Lian Meifei
- Dept. of Prosthodontics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Hu Zhongyue
- Dept. of Prosthodontics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Feng Yunzhi
- Dept. of Prosthodontics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
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Yu T, Zhao L, Huang X, Xie M, Wang X, Ma C, Xu Y, Wang Y, Xie B, Luo G, Zhang J, Xuan D. Postoperative Weight Loss Masks Metabolic Impacts of Periodontitis in Obese Rodents. J Periodontol 2017; 88:e97-e108. [PMID: 28394188 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2017.160655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Prosthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Technology and Materials for Oral Reconstruction, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Periodontology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meilian Xie
- Department of Periodontology, Ai Kang Jian Dental Group, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiangli Wang
- Department of Periodontology, Hangzhou Dental Hospital, Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chanjuan Ma
- Department of Periodontology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yixin Xu
- Department of Periodontology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yixiong Wang
- Department of Periodontology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baoyi Xie
- Department of Periodontology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jincai Zhang
- Department of Periodontology, Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dongying Xuan
- Department of Periodontology, Hangzhou Dental Hospital, Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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Liu F, Ling Z, Xiao Y, Yang Q, Wang B, Zheng L, Jiang P, Li L, Wang W. Alterations of Urinary Microbiota in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Hypertension and/or Hyperlipidemia. Front Physiol 2017; 8:126. [PMID: 28316574 PMCID: PMC5334339 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence shows urine specimens from different women have different populations of bacteria. The co-occurrence of hypertension and hyperlipidemia in those with diabetes may alter the composition of urine and the microenviroment of the bladder in which bacteria live. The aim of this study was to characterize the urinary microbiota in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus only and those with diabetes plus hypertension and/or hyperlipidemia, and to explore whether the composition of the urinary microbiota is affected by fasting blood glucose, blood pressure, and blood lipids. We enrolled 28 individuals with diabetes only, 24 with diabetes plus hypertension, 7 with diabetes plus hyperlipidemia, and 11 with diabetes plus both hypertension and hyperlipidemia. Modified midstream urine collection technique was designed to obtain urine specimens. Bacterial genomic DNA was isolated using magnetic beads and the urinary microbiota was analyzed using the Illumina MiSeq Sequencing System based on the V3-V4 hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA gene. Among the four cohorts, the diabetes plus hypertension cohort had the highest relative abundance of Proteobacteria. In contrast, the diabetes plus hyperlipidemia cohort had the lowest relative abundance of Proteobacteria. In addition, Escherichia and Gardnerella were not found in the diabetes plus hyperlipidemia cohort but they were found in all of the other cohorts. Cetobacterium was only present in the diabetes plus hypertension cohort. The most abundant bacteria in the diabetes only and diabetes plus hyperlipidemia cohorts was Lactobacillus, while Prevotella was the most abundant bacteria in the diabetes plus hypertension and diabetes plus hypertension and hyperlipidemia cohorts. Moreover, the relative abundance of Lactobacillus was significantly lower in the diabetes plus hypertension cohort than in the diabetes only and diabetes plus hyperlipidemia cohorts. Several bacteria were correlated with the participants' fasting blood glucose, blood pressure, and blood lipids. In conclusion, hypertension and/or hyperlipidemia and other patient factors can affect the composition of the urinary microbiota in those with diabetes. The insights from this study could be used to develop microbiota-based treatment for comorbid conditions, including urinary tract infections, in those with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengping Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China; Nursing School, Yancheng Medical CollegeYancheng, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China; Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Zongxin Ling
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Yonghong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University Hangzhou, China
| | - Baohong Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Li Zheng
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University Hangzhou, China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University Hangzhou, China
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Yamane K, Leung KP. Rabbit M1 and M2 macrophages can be induced by human recombinant GM-CSF and M-CSF. FEBS Open Bio 2016; 6:945-53. [PMID: 27642558 PMCID: PMC5011493 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages can change their phenotype in response to environmental cues. Polarized macrophages are broadly classified into two groups: classical activated M1 and alternative activated M2. Characterization of human macrophages has been widely studied, but polarized macrophages in rabbits have not been characterized. We characterized rabbit macrophages that were polarized using human recombinant GM-CSF and M-CSF. GM-CSF-treated macrophages had higher mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines (M1 phenotype) than did the M-CSF-treated counterpart. By contrast, high levels of TGF-β and IL-10 expression (M2 phenotype) were found in M-CSF-treated macrophages. The present study may be useful to understand roles of polarized macrophages in rabbit disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyoshi Yamane
- US Army Dental and Craniofacial Trauma Research and Tissue Regeneration Institute of Surgical Research Fort Sam Houston TX USA; Department of Bacteriology Osaka Dental University Hirakata-shi Osaka Japan
| | - Kai-Poon Leung
- US Army Dental and Craniofacial Trauma Research and Tissue Regeneration Institute of Surgical Research Fort Sam Houston TX USA
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Shikama Y, Kudo Y, Ishimaru N, Funaki M. Possible Involvement of Palmitate in Pathogenesis of Periodontitis. J Cell Physiol 2015; 230:2981-9. [PMID: 25921577 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterized by decreased insulin sensitivity and higher concentrations of free fatty acids (FFAs) in plasma. Among FFAs, saturated fatty acids (SFAs), such as palmitate, have been suggested to promote inflammatory responses. Although many epidemiological studies have shown a link between periodontitis and T2D, little is known about the clinical significance of SFAs in periodontitis. In this study, we showed that gingival fibroblasts have cell-surface expression of CD36, which is also known as FAT/fatty acid translocase. Moreover, CD36 expression was increased in gingival fibroblasts of high-fat diet-induced T2D model mice, compared with gingival fibroblasts of mice fed a normal diet. DNA microarray analysis revealed that palmitate increased mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in human gingival fibroblasts (HGF). Consistent with these results, we confirmed that palmitate-induced interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and CXCL1 secretion in HGF, using a cytokine array and ELISA. SFAs, but not an unsaturated fatty acid, oleate, induced IL-8 production. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which is one of the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, significantly suppressed palmitate-induced IL-6 and IL-8 production. Treatment of HGF with a CD36 inhibitor also inhibited palmitate-induced pro-inflammatory responses. Finally, we demonstrated that Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g.) lipopolysaccharide and heat-killed P.g. augmented palmitate-induced chemokine secretion in HGF. These results suggest a potential link between SFAs in plasma and the pathogenesis of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Shikama
- Clinical Research Center for Diabetes, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yasusei Kudo
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Naozumi Ishimaru
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Makoto Funaki
- Clinical Research Center for Diabetes, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
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Zhou Y, Zhang J, Wu H, Hogan MV, Wang JHC. The differential effects of leukocyte-containing and pure platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on tendon stem/progenitor cells - implications of PRP application for the clinical treatment of tendon injuries. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:173. [PMID: 26373929 PMCID: PMC4572462 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-015-0172-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is widely used to treat tendon injuries in clinics. These PRP preparations often contain white blood cells or leukocytes, and the precise cellular effects of leukocyte-rich PRP (L-PRP) on tendons are not well defined. Therefore, in this study, we determined the effects of L-PRP on tendon stem/progenitor cells (TSCs), which play a key role in tendon homeostasis and repair. Methods TSCs isolated from the patellar tendons of rabbits were treated with L-PRP or P-PRP (pure PRP without leukocytes) in vitro, followed by measuring cell proliferation, stem cell marker expression, inflammatory gene expression, and anabolic and catabolic protein expression by using immunostaining, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Results Cell proliferation was induced by both L-PRP and P-PRP in a dose-dependent manner with maximum proliferation at a 10 % PRP dose. Both PRP treatments also induced differentiation of TSCs into active tenocytes. Nevertheless, the two types of PRP largely differed in several effects exerted on TSCs. L-PRP induced predominantly catabolic and inflammatory changes in differentiated tenocytes; its treatment increased the expression of catabolic marker genes, matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), MMP-13, interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and their respective protein expression and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production. In contrast, P-PRP mainly induced anabolic changes; that is, P-PRP increased the gene expression of anabolic genes, alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), collagen types I and III. Conclusions These findings indicate that, while both L-PRP and P-PRP appear to be “safe” in inducing TSC differentiation into active tenocytes, L-PRP may be detrimental to the healing of injured tendons because it induces catabolic and inflammatory effects on tendon cells and may prolong the effects in healing tendons. On the other hand, when P-PRP is used to treat acutely injured tendons, it may result in the formation of excessive scar tissue due to the strong potential of P-PRP to induce inordinate cellular anabolic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqin Zhou
- MechanoBiology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 210 Lothrop Street, BST, E1640, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA. .,Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine Department, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Huangpu, Shanghai, 200003, China.
| | - Jianying Zhang
- MechanoBiology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 210 Lothrop Street, BST, E1640, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| | - Haishan Wu
- Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine Department, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Huangpu, Shanghai, 200003, China.
| | - MaCalus V Hogan
- MechanoBiology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 210 Lothrop Street, BST, E1640, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| | - James H-C Wang
- MechanoBiology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 210 Lothrop Street, BST, E1640, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
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