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Ye Y, Li M, Chen W, Wang H, He X, Liu N, Guo Z, Zheng C. Natural polysaccharides as promising reno-protective agents for the treatment of various kidney injury. Pharmacol Res 2024; 207:107301. [PMID: 39009291 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Renal injury, a prevalent clinical outcome with multifactorial etiology, imposes a substantial burden on society. Currently, there remains a lack of effective management and treatments. Extensive research has emphasized the diverse biological effects of natural polysaccharides, which exhibit promising potential for mitigating renal damage. This review commences with the pathogenesis of four common renal diseases and the shared mechanisms underlying renal injury. The renoprotective roles of polysaccharides in vivo and in vitro are summarized in the following five aspects: anti-oxidative stress effects, anti-apoptotic effects, anti-inflammatory effects, anti-fibrotic effects, and gut modulatory effects. Furthermore, we explore the structure-activity relationship and bioavailability of polysaccharides in relation to renal injury, as well as investigate their utility as biomaterials for alleviating renal injury. The clinical experiments of polysaccharides applied to patients with chronic kidney disease are also reviewed. Broadly, this review provides a comprehensive perspective on the research direction of natural polysaccharides in the context of renal injury, with the primary aim to serve as a reference for the clinical development of polysaccharides as pharmaceuticals and prebiotics for the treatment of kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Ye
- Department of Chinese Medicine Authentication, Faculty of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China; Department of Nephrology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Maoting Li
- Department of Chinese Medicine Authentication, Faculty of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China; Department of Nephrology, Naval Medical Center of PLA, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, 338 West Huaihai Road, Shanghai 200052, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hongrui Wang
- Department of Chinese Medicine Authentication, Faculty of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xuhui He
- Department of Chinese Medicine Authentication, Faculty of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Nanmei Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Naval Medical Center of PLA, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, 338 West Huaihai Road, Shanghai 200052, China.
| | - Zhiyong Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Chengjian Zheng
- Department of Chinese Medicine Authentication, Faculty of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
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Arumugam M, Pachamuthu RS, Rymbai E, Jha AP, Rajagopal K, Kothandan R, Muthu S, Selvaraj D. Gene network analysis combined with preclinical studies to identify and elucidate the mechanism of action of novel irreversible Keap1 inhibitor for Parkinson's disease. Mol Divers 2024:10.1007/s11030-024-10965-y. [PMID: 39145879 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-024-10965-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
The cysteine residues of Keap1 such as C151, C273, and C288 are critical for its repressor activity on Nrf2. However, to date, no molecules have been identified to covalently modify all three cysteine residues for Nrf2 activation. Hence, in this study, our goal is to discover new Keap1 covalent inhibitors that can undergo a Michael addition with all three cysteine residues. The Keap1's intervening region was modeled using Modeller v10.4. Covalent docking and binding free energy were calculated using CovDock. Molecular dynamics (MD) was performed using Desmond. Various in-vitro assays were carried out to confirm the neuroprotective effects of the hit molecule in 6-OHDA-treated SH-SY5Y cells. Further, the best hit was evaluated in vivo for its ability to improve rotenone-induced postural instability and cognitive impairment in male rats. Finally, network pharmacology was used to summarize the complete molecular mechanism of the hit molecule. Chalcone and plumbagin were found to form the necessary covalent bonds with all three cysteine residues. However, MD analysis indicated that the binding of plumbagin is more stable than chalcone. Plumbagin displayed neuroprotective effects in 6-OHDA-treated SH-SY5Y cells at concentrations 0.01 and 0.1 μM. Plumbagin at 0.1 µM had positive effects on reactive oxygen species formation and glutathione levels. Plumbagin also improved postural instability and cognitive impairment in rotenone-treated male rats. Our network analysis indicated that plumbagin could also improve dopamine signaling. Additionally, plumbagin could exhibit anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activity through the activation of Nrf2. Cumulatively, our study suggests that plumbagin is a novel Keap1 covalent inhibitor for Nrf2-mediated neuroprotection in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monisha Arumugam
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ranjith Sanjeeve Pachamuthu
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Emdormi Rymbai
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Aditya Prakash Jha
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kalirajan Rajagopal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ram Kothandan
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Santhoshkumar Muthu
- Department of Biochemistry, Kongunadu Arts and Science College, GN Mills, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Divakar Selvaraj
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Xiao CL, Lai HT, Zhou JJ, Liu WY, Zhao M, Zhao K. Nrf2 Signaling Pathway: Focus on Oxidative Stress in Spinal Cord Injury. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04394-z. [PMID: 39093381 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04394-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious, disabling injury to the central nervous system that can lead to motor, sensory, and autonomic dysfunction below the injury plane. SCI can be divided into primary injury and secondary injury according to its pathophysiological process. Primary injury is irreversible in most cases, while secondary injury is a dynamic regulatory process. Secondary injury involves a series of pathological events, such as ischemia, oxidative stress, inflammatory events, apoptotic pathways, and motor dysfunction. Among them, oxidative stress is an important pathological event of secondary injury. Oxidative stress causes a series of destructive events such as lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, inflammation, and cell death, which further worsens the microenvironment of the injured site and leads to neurological dysfunction. The nuclear factor erythrocyte 2-associated factor 2 (Nrf2) is considered to be a key pathway of antioxidative stress and is closely related to the pathological process of SCI. Activation of this pathway can effectively inhibit the oxidative stress process and promote the recovery of nerve function after SCI. Therefore, the Nrf2 pathway may be a potential therapeutic target for SCI. This review deeply analyzed the generation of oxidative stress in SCI, the role and mechanism of Nrf2 as the main regulator of antioxidant stress in SCI, and the influence of cross-talk between Nrf2 and related pathways that may be involved in the pathological regulation of SCI on oxidative stress, and summarized the drugs and other treatment methods based on Nrf2 pathway regulation. The objective of this paper is to provide evidence for the role of Nrf2 activation in SCI and to highlight the important role of Nrf2 in alleviating SCI by elucidating the mechanism, so as to provide a theoretical basis for targeting Nrf2 pathway as a therapy for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Lin Xiao
- Gannan Medical University, 1 Harmony Avenue, Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People's Republic of China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Frist Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Tong Lai
- Gannan Medical University, 1 Harmony Avenue, Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People's Republic of China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Frist Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang-Jun Zhou
- Hospital 908, Joint Logistics Support Force, 1028 Jinggangshan Avenue, Qingyunpu District, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, 330001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wu-Yang Liu
- Gannan Medical University, 1 Harmony Avenue, Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People's Republic of China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Frist Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zhao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Yingtan People's Hospital, 116 Shengli West Road, Yuehu District, Yingtan City, Jiangxi Province, 335000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kai Zhao
- Gannan Medical University, 1 Harmony Avenue, Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Orthopaedics, Frist Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People's Republic of China.
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Zhao Z, Yuan Y, Li S, Wang X, Yang X. Natural compounds from herbs and nutraceuticals as glycogen synthase kinase-3β inhibitors in Alzheimer's disease treatment. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14885. [PMID: 39129397 PMCID: PMC11317746 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis is complex. The pathophysiology is not fully understood, and safe and effective treatments are needed. Glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) mediates AD progression through several signaling pathways. Recently, several studies have found that various natural compounds from herbs and nutraceuticals can significantly improve AD symptoms. AIMS This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the potential neuroprotective impacts of natural compounds as inhibitors of GSK-3β in the treatment of AD. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a systematic literature search on PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, focusing on in vitro and in vivo studies that investigated natural compounds as inhibitors of GSK-3β in the treatment of AD. RESULTS The mechanism may be related to GSK-3β activation inhibition to regulate amyloid beta production, tau protein hyperphosphorylation, cell apoptosis, and cellular inflammation. By reviewing recent studies on GSK-3β inhibition in phytochemicals and AD intervention, flavonoids including oxyphylla A, quercetin, morin, icariin, linarin, genipin, and isoorientin were reported as potent GSK-3β inhibitors for AD treatment. Polyphenols such as schisandrin B, magnolol, and dieckol have inhibitory effects on GSK-3β in AD models, including in vivo models. Sulforaphene, ginsenoside Rd, gypenoside XVII, falcarindiol, epibrassinolides, 1,8-Cineole, and andrographolide are promising GSK-3β inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS Natural compounds from herbs and nutraceuticals are potential candidates for AD treatment. They may qualify as derivatives for development as promising compounds that provide enhanced pharmacological characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhao
- Department of Emergency MedicineShengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Ye Yuan
- Department of NeurosurgeryShengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Emergency MedicineShengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- Department of Emergency MedicineShengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of NeurologyShengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
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5
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Xiao L, Wen H, Peng S, Chen B, Tang B, Liu B. Polygonatum polysaccharide ameliorates D-galactose-induced cognitive dysfunction in aging rats by inhibiting ferroptosis through activation of Nrf2. Neurosci Lett 2024; 836:137873. [PMID: 38871020 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2024.137873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Aging is a major risk factor for various neurodegenerative diseases, and ferroptosis has been identified as an important mode of cell death during accelerated aging. As the main component of the edible plant YuZhu in China, Polygonatum polysaccharide (POP) is an important natural compound with anti-aging properties. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the anti-aging effects of POP and the underlying molecular mechanisms involved and to evaluate the overall anti-aging effects of POP on cognitive impairment due to accelerated aging. MATERIALS AND METHODS A D-galactose (D-gal)-induced accelerated aging rat model was established to evaluate the anti-aging effects of POP and the underlying molecular mechanisms involved. In turn, Morris water maze and open field experiments were used to evaluate the anti-aging effects of POP on cognitive impairment due to accelerated aging. RESULTS The mechanism by which POP affects nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), an essential transcription factor, was confirmed. POP significantly improved d-gal-induced cognitive dysfunction in treated model rats, which exhibited reduced pathological changes in the hippocampus, reduced latency of the water maze platform, and increased exploration time in the central area in the open field experiment compared to those of untreated model rats. Furthermore, POP intervention downregulated ferroptosis-related proteins and upregulated Nrf2 expression, and selective inhibition of Nrf2 eliminated the ability of POP to reduce ferroptosis. CONCLUSIONS POP is a natural ingredient with therapeutic potential due to its ability to alleviate aging by activating Nrf2, inhibiting ferroptosis, and alleviating cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Xiao
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, ChangSha, China
| | - Huiqiao Wen
- XiangXing College, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, ChangSha, China
| | - Sha Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, ChangSha, China
| | - Bowei Chen
- Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Biao Tang
- School of Medicine, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, ChangSha, China
| | - Baiyan Liu
- Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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Xiao X, Li C, Huang X, Chen G, Huang X, Song F, Zhou Y, Liu X, Zhou X, Meng J, Bellou A, Zhong L, Li X. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals that NRF2 regulates vascular smooth muscle cell phenotypic switching in abdominal aortic aneurysm. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23707. [PMID: 38995239 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400001rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a life-threatening disease characterized by extensive membrane destruction in the vascular wall that is closely associated with vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotypic switching. A thorough understanding of the changes in regulatory factors during VSMC phenotypic switching is essential for managing AAA therapy. In this study, we revealed the impact of NRF2 on the modulation of VSMC phenotype and the development of AAA based on single-cell RNA sequencing analysis. By utilizing a murine model of VSMC-specific knockout of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF2), we observed that the absence of NRF2 in VSMCs exacerbated AAA formation in an angiotensin II-induced AAA model. The downregulation of NRF2 promoted VSMC phenotypic switching, leading to an enhanced inflammatory response. Through genome-wide transcriptome analysis and loss- or gain-of-function experiments, we discovered that NRF2 upregulated the expression of VSMC contractile phenotype-specific genes by facilitating microRNA-145 (miR-145) expression. Our data identified NRF2 as a novel regulator involved in maintaining the VSMC contractile phenotype while also influencing AAA formation through an miR-145-dependent regulatory mechanism.
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MESH Headings
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/metabolism
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/genetics
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/pathology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/chemically induced
- Animals
- NF-E2-Related Factor 2/metabolism
- NF-E2-Related Factor 2/genetics
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Mice
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Male
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Phenotype
- Mice, Knockout
- Single-Cell Analysis
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Angiotensin II/pharmacology
- Sequence Analysis, RNA
- Disease Models, Animal
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyong Xiao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenglin Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojia Huang
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guona Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoran Huang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feier Song
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Division of Vascular Surgery, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Vascular Disease Treatment, Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xincheng Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueke Zhou
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinxiu Meng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Abdelouahab Bellou
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lintao Zhong
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Department, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Zhao J, Wei M, Guo M, Wang M, Niu H, Xu T, Zhou Y. GSK3: A potential target and pending issues for treatment of Alzheimer's disease. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14818. [PMID: 38946682 PMCID: PMC11215492 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3), consisting of GSK3α and GSK3β subtypes, is a complex protein kinase that regulates numerous substrates. Research has observed increased GSK3 expression in the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and models. AD is a neurodegenerative disorder with diverse pathogenesis and notable cognitive impairments, characterized by Aβ aggregation and excessive tau phosphorylation. This article provides an overview of GSK3's structure and regulation, extensively analyzing its relationship with AD factors. GSK3 overactivation disrupts neural growth, development, and function. It directly promotes tau phosphorylation, regulates amyloid precursor protein (APP) cleavage, leading to Aβ formation, and directly or indirectly triggers neuroinflammation and oxidative damage. We also summarize preclinical research highlighting the inhibition of GSK3 activity as a primary therapeutic approach for AD. Finally, pending issues like the lack of highly specific and affinity-driven GSK3 inhibitors, are raised and expected to be addressed in future research. In conclusion, GSK3 represents a target in AD treatment, filled with hope, challenges, opportunities, and obstacles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Zhao
- School of Basic Medical SciencesZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Mengying Wei
- College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Future Health Laboratory, Innovation Center of Yangtze River DeltaZhejiang UniversityJiaxingChina
| | - Minsong Guo
- College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Cangnan County Qiushi Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese MedicineWenzhouChina
| | - Mengyao Wang
- School of Basic Medical SciencesZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Hongxia Niu
- School of Basic Medical SciencesZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Blood‐stasis‐toxin Syndrome of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouChina
| | - Tengfei Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Cangnan County Qiushi Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese MedicineWenzhouChina
| | - Yuan Zhou
- School of Basic Medical SciencesZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Blood‐stasis‐toxin Syndrome of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouChina
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Chen N, Hu M, Jiang T, Xiao P, Duan JA. Insights into the molecular mechanisms, structure-activity relationships and application prospects of polysaccharides by regulating Nrf2-mediated antioxidant response. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 333:122003. [PMID: 38494201 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The occurrence and development of many diseases are closely related to oxidative stress. In this context, accumulating evidence suggests that Nrf2, as the master switch of cellular antioxidant signaling, plays a central role in controlling the expression of antioxidant genes. The core molecular mechanism of polysaccharides treatment of oxidative stress-induced diseases is to activate Keap1/Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway, promote nuclear translocation of Nrf2, and up-regulate the expression of antioxidant enzymes. However, recent studies have shown that other signaling pathways in which polysaccharides exert antioxidant effects, such as PI3K/Akt/GSK3β, JNK/Nrf2 and NF-κB, have complex crosstalk with Keap1/Nrf2/ARE, may have direct effects on the nuclear translocation of Nrf2. This suggests a new strategy for designing polysaccharides as modulators of Nrf2-dependent pathways to target the antioxidant response. Therefore, in this work, we investigate the crosstalk between Keap1/Nrf2/ARE and other antioxidant signaling pathways of polysaccharides by regulating Nrf2-mediated antioxidant response. For the first time, the structural-activity relationship of polysaccharides, including molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, and glycosidic linkage, is systematically elucidated using principal component analysis and cluster analysis. This review also summarizes the application of antioxidant polysaccharides in food, animal production, cosmetics and biomaterials. The paper has significant reference value for screening antioxidant polysaccharides targeting Nrf2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuo Chen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Meifen Hu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Tingyue Jiang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Ping Xiao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
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9
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Fan J, Liu Q, Liu X, Gong M, Leong II, Tsang Y, Xu X, Lei S, Duan L, Zhang Y, Liao M, Zhuang L. The effect of epigenetic aging on neurodegenerative diseases: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1372518. [PMID: 38800486 PMCID: PMC11116635 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1372518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Aging has always been considered as a risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases, but there are individual differences and its mechanism is not yet clear. Epigenetics may unveil the relationship between aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Methods Our study employed a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) design to assess the potential causal association between epigenetic aging and neurodegenerative diseases. We utilized publicly available summary datasets from several genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Our investigation focused on multiple measures of epigenetic age as potential exposures and outcomes, while the occurrence of neurodegenerative diseases served as potential exposures and outcomes. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the accuracy of the results. Results The results show a significant decrease in risk of Parkinson's disease with GrimAge (OR = 0.8862, 95% CI 0.7914-0.9924, p = 0.03638). Additionally, we identified that HannumAge was linked to an increased risk of Multiple Sclerosis (OR = 1.0707, 95% CI 1.0056-1.1401, p = 0.03295). Furthermore, we also found that estimated plasminogen activator inhibitor-1(PAI-1) levels demonstrated an increased risk for Alzheimer's disease (OR = 1.0001, 95% CI 1.0000-1.0002, p = 0.04425). Beyond that, we did not observe any causal associations between epigenetic age and neurodegenerative diseases risk. Conclusion The findings firstly provide evidence for causal association of epigenetic aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Exploring neurodegenerative diseases from an epigenetic perspective may contribute to diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqi Fan
- Institute of Neurology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Institute of Neurology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Institute of Neurology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengjiao Gong
- Institute of Neurology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ian I. Leong
- Institute of Neurology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - YauKeung Tsang
- Institute of Neurology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Xu
- Institute of Neurology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Suying Lei
- Institute of Neurology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lining Duan
- Institute of Neurology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Institute of Neurology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Muxi Liao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lixing Zhuang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Huang W, Wu D, Cai C, Yao H, Tian Z, Yang Y, Pang M, Rong L, Liu B. Inhibition of MST1 ameliorates neuronal apoptosis via GSK3β/β-TrCP/NRF2 pathway in spinal cord injury accompanied by diabetes. Redox Biol 2024; 71:103104. [PMID: 38430683 PMCID: PMC10914584 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating neurological disease that often results in tremendous loss of motor function. Increasing evidence demonstrates that diabetes worsens outcomes for patients with SCI due to the higher levels of neuronal oxidative stress. Mammalian sterile 20-like kinase (MST1) is a key mediator of oxidative stress in the central nervous system; however, the mechanism of its action in SCI is still not clear. Here, we investigated the role of MST1 activation in induced neuronal oxidative stress in patients with both SCI and diabetes. METHODS Diabetes was established in mice by diet induction combined with intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). SCI was performed at T10 level through weight dropping. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) were applied to mimic diabetic conditions in PC12 cell line in vitro. We employed HE, Nissl staining, footprint assessment and Basso mouse scale to evaluate functional recovery after SCI. Moreover, immunoblotting, qPCR, immunofluorescence and protein-protein docking analysis were used to detect the mechanism. RESULTS Regarding in vivo experiments, diabetes resulted in up-regulation of MST1, excessive neuronal apoptosis and weakened motor function in SCI mice. Furthermore, diabetes impeded NRF2-mediated antioxidant defense of neurons in the damaged spinal cord. Treatment with AAV-siMST1 could restore antioxidant properties of neurons to facilitate reactive oxygen species (ROS) clearance, which subsequently promoted neuronal survival to improve locomotor function recovery. In vitro model found that AGEs worsened mitochondrial dysfunction and increased cellular oxidative stress. While MST1 inhibition through the chemical inhibitor XMU-MP-1 or MST1-shRNA infection restored NRF2 nuclear accumulation and its transcription of downstream antioxidant enzymes, therefore preventing ROS generation. However, these antioxidant effects were reversed by NRF2 knockdown. Our in-depth studies showed that over-activation of MST1 in diabetes directly hindered the neuroprotective AKT1, and subsequently fostered NRF2 ubiquitination and degradation via the GSK3β/β-TrCP pathway. CONCLUSION MST1 inhibition significantly restores neurological function in SCI mice with preexisting diabetes, which is largely attributed to the activation of antioxidant properties via the GSK3β(Ser 9)/β-TrCP/NRF2 pathway. MST1 may be a promising pharmacological target for the effective treatment of spinal cord injury patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Huang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Depeng Wu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Chaoyang Cai
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Hui Yao
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhenming Tian
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Mao Pang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Limin Rong
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, PR China.
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, PR China.
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García-Trejo SS, Gómez-Sierra T, Eugenio-Pérez D, Medina-Campos ON, Pedraza-Chaverri J. Protective Effect of Curcumin on D-Galactose-Induced Senescence and Oxidative Stress in LLC-PK1 and HK-2 Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:415. [PMID: 38671863 PMCID: PMC11047423 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
D-galactose has been widely used as an inducer of cellular senescence and pathophysiological processes related to aging because it induces oxidative stress. On the other hand, the consumption of antioxidants such as curcumin can be an effective strategy to prevent phenotypes related to the enhanced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as aging and senescence. This study aimed to evaluate the potential protective effect of curcumin on senescence and oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress induced by D-galactose treatment in Lilly Laboratories Culture-Porcine Kidney 1 (LLC-PK1) and human kidney 2 (HK-2) proximal tubule cell lines from pig and human, respectively. For senescence induction, cells were treated with 300 mM D-galactose for 120 h and, to evaluate the protective effect of the antioxidant, cells were treated with 5 µM curcumin for 24 h and subsequently treated with curcumin + D-galactose for 120 h. In LLC-PK1 cells, curcumin treatment decreased by 20% the number of cells positive for senescence-associated (SA)-β-D-galactosidase staining and by 25% the expression of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and increased by 40% lamin B1 expression. In HK-2 cells, curcumin treatment increased by 60% the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA, 50% Klotho levels, and 175% catalase activity. In both cell lines, this antioxidant decreased the production of ROS (20% decrease for LLC-PK1 and 10 to 20% for HK-2). These data suggest that curcumin treatment has a moderate protective effect on D-galactose-induced senescence in LLC-PK1 and HK-2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (S.S.G.-T.); (T.G.-S.); (D.E.-P.); (O.N.M.-C.)
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12
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Fan G, Huang L, Wang M, Kuang H, Li Y, Yang X. GPAT3 deficiency attenuates corticosterone-caused hepatic steatosis and oxidative stress through GSK3β/Nrf2 signals. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167007. [PMID: 38185063 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.167007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
The development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) may worsen due to chronic stress or prolonged use of glucocorticoids. Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 3 (GPAT3), has a function in obesity and serves as a key rate-limiting enzyme that regulates triglyceride synthesis. However, the precise impact of GPAT3 on corticosterone (CORT)-induced NAFLD and its underlying molecular mechanism remain unclear. For our in vivo experiments, we utilized male and female mice that were GPAT3-/- and wild type (WT) and treated them with CORT for a duration of 4 weeks. In our in vitro experiments, we transfected AML12 cells with GPAT3 siRNA and subsequently treated them with CORT. Under CORT-treated conditions, the absence of GPAT3 greatly improved obesity and hepatic steatosis while enhancing the expression of genes involved in fatty acid oxidation, as evidenced by our findings. In addition, the deletion of GPAT3 significantly inhibited the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), increased the expression of antioxidant genes, and recovered the mitochondrial membrane potential in AML12 cells treated with CORT. In terms of mechanism, the absence of GPAT3 encouraged the activation of the glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β)/nuclear factor-erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway, which served as a defense mechanism against liver fat accumulation and oxidative stress. Furthermore, GPAT3 expression was directly controlled at the transcriptional level by the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). Collectively, our findings suggest that GPAT3 deletion significantly alleviated hepatic steatosis and oxidative stress through promoting GSK3β/Nrf2 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Fan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Lingling Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Mengxuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Haoran Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Yanfei Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Xiaojing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
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13
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Zhi X, Lu H, Ma D, Liu J, Luo L, Wang L, Qin Y. Melatonin protects photoreceptor cells against ferroptosis in dry AMD disorder by inhibiting GSK-3B/Fyn-dependent Nrf2 nuclear translocation. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166969. [PMID: 38008231 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ferroptosis is a type of non-apoptotic cell death that relies on iron ions and reactive oxygen species to induce lipid peroxidation. This study aimed to determine whether ferroptosis exists in the pathogenesis of dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and to confirm that melatonin (MLT) suppresses the photoreceptor cell ferroptosis signaling pathway. METHODS We exposed 661W cells to sodium iodate (NaIO3) in vitro and treated them with different concentrations of MLT. In vivo, C57BL/6 mice were given a single caudal vein injection of NaIO3, followed by an intraperitoneal injection of MLT, and eyeballs were taken for subsequent trials. RESULTS We found that NaIO3 could induce photoreceptor cell death and lipid peroxide accumulation, and result in changes in the expression of ferroptosis-related factors and iron maintenance proteins, which were treated by MLT. We further demonstrated that MLT can block Fyn-dependent Nrf2 nuclear translocation by suppressing the GSK-3β signaling pathway. In addition, the therapeutic effect of MLT was significantly inhibited when Nrf2 was silenced. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide a novel insight that NaIO3 induces photoreceptor cell ferroptosis in dry AMD and suggest that MLT has therapeutic effects by suppressing GSK-3β/Fyn-dependent Nrf2 nuclear translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Zhi
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Eye Hospital of China Medical University, Key Lens Research Laboratory of Liaoning Province, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, 110005, PR China
| | - Haojie Lu
- Cooperation of Chinese and Western medicine branch, Jiangsu Rongjun Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Dongyue Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Eye Hospital of China Medical University, Key Lens Research Laboratory of Liaoning Province, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, 110005, PR China
| | - Jinxia Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Eye Hospital of China Medical University, Key Lens Research Laboratory of Liaoning Province, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, 110005, PR China
| | - Li Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Eye Hospital of China Medical University, Key Lens Research Laboratory of Liaoning Province, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, 110005, PR China
| | - Ludi Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Eye Hospital of China Medical University, Key Lens Research Laboratory of Liaoning Province, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, 110005, PR China
| | - Yu Qin
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Eye Hospital of China Medical University, Key Lens Research Laboratory of Liaoning Province, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, 110005, PR China.
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Hu J, Hou W, Ma N, Zhang Y, Liu X, Wang Y, Ci X. Aging-related NOX4-Nrf2 redox imbalance increases susceptibility to cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury by regulating mitophagy. Life Sci 2024; 336:122352. [PMID: 38104863 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During aging, excessive ROS production in the kidneys leads to redox imbalance, which contributes to oxidative damage and impaired organ homeostasis. However, whether and how aging-related NOX4-Nrf2 redox imbalance increases susceptibility to cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury remain largely unknown. METHODS In this study, we used cisplatin-challenged aging mouse models and senescent HK-2 cells to investigate the effects and mechanisms of aging on susceptibility to cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury. RESULTS In vivo, we found that cisplatin stimulation caused more severe renal damage, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and mitophagy impairment in aging mice than in young mice. Moreover, Nrf2 deficiency aggravated cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury by exacerbating NOX4-Nrf2 redox imbalance and defective mitophagy. In vitro experiments on D-gal-treated human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) demonstrated that senescent renal epithelial cells exhibited increased susceptibility to cisplatin-induced apoptosis, NOX4-Nrf2 redox imbalance-mediated oxidative stress and defective mitophagy. Mechanistically, we found that knockdown of Nrf2 in HK2 cells resulted in increased ROS and aggravated mitophagy impairment, whereas these effects were reversed in NOX4-knockdown cells. CONCLUSION The present study indicates that NOX4-Nrf2 redox imbalance is critical for mitophagy deficiency in aged renal tubular epithelial cells and is a therapeutic target for alleviating cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury in elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiang Hu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130001, China
| | - Wenli Hou
- Department of Cadre Ward, the First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Chaoyang, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Ning Ma
- Institute of Translational Medicine, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130001, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130001, China
| | - Xiaojie Liu
- Urological Department, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yuantao Wang
- Urological Department, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xinxin Ci
- Institute of Translational Medicine, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130001, China.
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Kim YE, Bak SB, Kim MJ, Bae SJ, Lee WY, Kim YW. Forsythiaside A Activates AMP-Activated Protein Kinase and Regulates Oxidative Stress via Nrf2 Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17033. [PMID: 38069356 PMCID: PMC10707188 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242317033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Forsythiaside A (FA) is an active constituent isolated from Forsythia suspensa, a beneficial herb used in traditional medicine known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Although various studies have suggested that FA has the protective effects, its impacts on arachidonic acid (AA) plus iron in vitro models and carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄)-induced mouse liver damage in vivo have not been explored. In this study, HepG2 cells were subjected to AA + iron treatment to induce apoptosis and mitochondrial impairment and determine the molecular mechanisms. FA exhibited protective effects by inhibiting cell damage and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production induced by AA + iron, as assessed via immunoblot and flow cytometry analyses. Further molecular investigations revealed that FA resulted in the activation of extracellular-signal-related protein kinase (ERK), which subsequently triggered the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a critical regulator of cellular oxidative stress. Additionally, FA modulated the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway, which is a significant antioxidant transcription factor regulated by the AMPK pathway. For in vivo studies, mice were orally administered FA and then subjected to induction of CCl₄-based hepatotoxicity. The protective effect of FA was confirmed via blood biochemistry and immunohistochemical analyses. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated the protective effects of FA against oxidative stress both in vitro and in vivo, thus indicating that FA is a potential candidate for liver protection. Our study sheds light on the mechanistic pathways involved in the antioxidant effects of FA, highlighting the hepatoprotective potential of naturally occurring compounds in traditional herbs, such as FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Eun Kim
- AI-Bio Convergence DDI Basic Research Lab., School of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea; (Y.E.K.); (S.-B.B.); (M.-J.K.); (S.-J.B.); (W.-Y.L.)
| | - Seon-Been Bak
- AI-Bio Convergence DDI Basic Research Lab., School of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea; (Y.E.K.); (S.-B.B.); (M.-J.K.); (S.-J.B.); (W.-Y.L.)
| | - Min-Jin Kim
- AI-Bio Convergence DDI Basic Research Lab., School of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea; (Y.E.K.); (S.-B.B.); (M.-J.K.); (S.-J.B.); (W.-Y.L.)
| | - Su-Jin Bae
- AI-Bio Convergence DDI Basic Research Lab., School of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea; (Y.E.K.); (S.-B.B.); (M.-J.K.); (S.-J.B.); (W.-Y.L.)
- College of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Yung Lee
- AI-Bio Convergence DDI Basic Research Lab., School of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea; (Y.E.K.); (S.-B.B.); (M.-J.K.); (S.-J.B.); (W.-Y.L.)
- College of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Woo Kim
- AI-Bio Convergence DDI Basic Research Lab., School of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea; (Y.E.K.); (S.-B.B.); (M.-J.K.); (S.-J.B.); (W.-Y.L.)
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Zamanian MY, Soltani A, Khodarahmi Z, Alameri AA, Alwan AMR, Ramírez-Coronel AA, Obaid RF, Abosaooda M, Heidari M, Golmohammadi M, Anoush M. Targeting Nrf2 signaling pathway by quercetin in the prevention and treatment of neurological disorders: An overview and update on new developments. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2023; 37:1050-1064. [PMID: 37259891 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurological disorders (NLDs) are widely acknowledged as a significant public health concern worldwide. Stroke, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and traumatic brain injury (TBI) are three of these disorders that have sparked major study attention. Neurological dysfunction, protein buildup, oxidation and neuronal injury, and aberrant mitochondria are all prevalent neuropathological hallmarks of these disorders. The signaling cascade of nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) shares all of them as a common target. Several studies have found that overexpression of Nrf2 is a promising treatment method in NLDs. Effective treatment of these disorders continues to be a universal concern regardless of various medicines. In order to treat a variety of neurological problems, organic remedies may provide an alternative treatment. It has been demonstrated that polyphenols like quercetin (Que) offer considerable capabilities for treating NLDs. One of Que's greatest key targets, Nrf2, has the capacity to control the production of a number of cytoprotective enzymes that exhibit neuroprotective, detoxifying, and antioxidative effects. Additionally, Que enhanced the expression of Nrf2 and inhibited alterations in the shape and death of neurons in the hippocampus. OBJECTIVE In this review, we have focused on Que's medicinal prospects as a neuroprotective drug. METHODS PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar were used to search articles for this study. RESULTS The findings of this research demonstrate that (1) Que protected the blood-brain barrier via stimulating Nrf2 in animal stroke, which alleviated ischemic reperfusion and motor dysfunction. (2) By triggering the Nrf2 pathway, Que reduced the neuroinflammation and oxidative damage brought on by TBI in the cortex. (3) In an experimental model of AD, Que enhanced cognitive function by decreasing A1-4, antioxidant activity, and Nrf2 levels in the brain. CONCLUSION We discuss recent research on Que-mediated Nrf2 expression in the management of several NLDs in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Yasin Zamanian
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Soltani
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Khodarahmi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | | | - Athemar M R Alwan
- Department of Radiological Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Andrés Alexis Ramírez-Coronel
- Azogues Campus Nursing Career, Health and Behavior Research Group (HBR), Psychometry and Ethology Laboratory, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
- Doctorate in Psychology, University of Palermo, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Group, CES University, Medellín, Colombia
| | | | - Munther Abosaooda
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Group, CES University, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Mahsa Heidari
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Golmohammadi
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Anoush
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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Almaguer J, Hindle A, Lawrence JJ. The Contribution of Hippocampal All-Trans Retinoic Acid (ATRA) Deficiency to Alzheimer's Disease: A Narrative Overview of ATRA-Dependent Gene Expression in Post-Mortem Hippocampal Tissue. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1921. [PMID: 38001775 PMCID: PMC10669734 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12111921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
There is accumulating evidence that vitamin A (VA) deficiency contributes to the pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), a metabolite of VA in the brain, serves distinct roles in the human hippocampus. Agonists of retinoic acid receptors (RAR), including ATRA, promote activation of the non-amyloidogenic pathway by enhancing expression of α-secretases, providing a mechanistic basis for delaying/preventing amyloid beta (Aβ) toxicity. However, whether ATRA is actually deficient in the hippocampi of patients with AD is not clear. Here, using a publicly available human transcriptomic dataset, we evaluated the extent to which ATRA-sensitive genes are dysregulated in hippocampal tissue from post-mortem AD brains, relative to age-matched controls. Consistent with ATRA deficiency, we found significant dysregulation of many ATRA-sensitive genes and significant upregulation of RAR co-repressors, supporting the idea of transcriptional repression of ATRA-mediated signaling. Consistent with oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, Nrf2 and NfkB transcripts were upregulated, respectively. Interestingly, transcriptional targets of Nrf2 were not upregulated, accompanied by upregulation of several histone deacetylases. Overall, our investigation of ATRA-sensitive genes in the human hippocampus bolsters the scientific premise of ATRA depletion in AD and that epigenetic factors should be considered and addressed as part of VA supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joey Almaguer
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA;
| | - Ashly Hindle
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience and Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA;
| | - J. Josh Lawrence
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Garrison Institute on Aging, Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, and Center of Excellence for Integrated Health, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
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Kolb H, Kempf K, Martin S. Insulin and aging - a disappointing relationship. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1261298. [PMID: 37854186 PMCID: PMC10579801 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1261298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Experimental studies in animal models of aging such as nematodes, fruit flies or mice have observed that decreased levels of insulin or insulin signaling promotes longevity. In humans, hyperinsulinemia and concomitant insulin resistance are associated with an elevated risk of age-related diseases suggestive of a shortened healthspan. Age-related disorders include neurodegenerative diseases, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes. High ambient insulin concentrations promote increased lipogenesis and fat storage, heightened protein synthesis and accumulation of non-functional polypeptides due to limited turnover capacity. Moreover, there is impaired autophagy activity, and less endothelial NO synthase activity. These changes are associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. The cellular stress induced by anabolic activity of insulin initiates an adaptive response aiming at maintaining homeostasis, characterized by activation of the transcription factor Nrf2, of AMP activated kinase, and an unfolded protein response. This protective response is more potent in the long-lived human species than in short-lived models of aging research resulting in a stronger pro-aging impact of insulin in nematodes and fruit flies. In humans, resistance to insulin-induced cell stress decreases with age, because of an increase of insulin and insulin resistance levels but less Nrf2 activation. These detrimental changes might be contained by adopting a lifestyle that promotes low insulin/insulin resistance levels and enhances an adaptive response to cellular stress, as observed with dietary restriction or exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hubert Kolb
- Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- West-German Centre of Diabetes and Health, Düsseldorf Catholic Hospital Group, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kerstin Kempf
- West-German Centre of Diabetes and Health, Düsseldorf Catholic Hospital Group, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stephan Martin
- Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- West-German Centre of Diabetes and Health, Düsseldorf Catholic Hospital Group, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Wankhede NL, Kale MB, Bawankule AK, Aglawe MM, Taksande BG, Trivedi RV, Umekar MJ, Jamadagni A, Walse P, Koppula S, Kopalli SR. Overview on the Polyphenol Avenanthramide in Oats ( Avena sativa Linn.) as Regulators of PI3K Signaling in the Management of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Nutrients 2023; 15:3751. [PMID: 37686782 PMCID: PMC10489942 DOI: 10.3390/nu15173751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Avenanthramides (Avns) and their derivatives, a group of polyphenolic compounds found abundantly in oats (Avena sativa Linn.), have emerged as promising candidates for neuroprotection due to their immense antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties. Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), characterized by the progressive degeneration of neurons, present a significant global health burden with limited therapeutic options. The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway plays a crucial role in cell survival, growth, and metabolism, making it an attractive target for therapeutic intervention. The dysregulation of PI3K signaling has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various NDDs including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Avns have been shown to modulate PI3K/AKT signaling, leading to increased neuronal survival, reduced oxidative stress, and improved cognitive function. This review explores the potential of Avn polyphenols as modulators of the PI3K signaling pathway, focusing on their beneficial effects against NDDs. Further, we outline the need for clinical exploration to elucidate the specific mechanisms of Avn action on the PI3K/AKT pathway and its potential interactions with other signaling cascades involved in neurodegeneration. Based on the available literature, using relevant keywords from Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Web of Science, our review emphasizes the potential of using Avns as a therapeutic strategy for NDDs and warrants further investigation and clinical exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitu L. Wankhede
- Department of Pharmacology, Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, Nagpur 441002, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mayur B. Kale
- Department of Pharmacology, Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, Nagpur 441002, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ashwini K. Bawankule
- Department of Pharmacology, Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, Nagpur 441002, Maharashtra, India
| | - Manish M. Aglawe
- Department of Pharmacology, Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, Nagpur 441002, Maharashtra, India
| | - Brijesh G. Taksande
- Department of Pharmacology, Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, Nagpur 441002, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rashmi V. Trivedi
- Department of Pharmacology, Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, Nagpur 441002, Maharashtra, India
| | - Milind J. Umekar
- Department of Pharmacology, Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, Nagpur 441002, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ankush Jamadagni
- Fortem Bioscience Private Limited, Bangalore 560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Prathamesh Walse
- Fortem Bioscience Private Limited, Bangalore 560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Sushruta Koppula
- College of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Konkuk University, Chungju-si 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Spandana Rajendra Kopalli
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
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Peng S, Shen L, Yu X, Wu J, Zha L, Xia Y, Luo H. miR-200a attenuated oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis through activation of Nrf2. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1196065. [PMID: 37646040 PMCID: PMC10461398 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1196065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Oxidative stress and inflammatory responses are critical factors in ulcerative colitis disease pathogenesis. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) modulates oxidative stress and suppresses inflammatory responses, and the protective benefits of Nrf2 activation have been associated with the therapy of ulcerative colitis. MicroRNA-200a (miR-200a) could target Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) and activate the Nrf2-regulated antioxidant pathway. Nevertheless, whether miR-200a modulates the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colonic damage is unknown. Here, our research intends to examine the impact of miR-200a in the model of DSS-induced colitis. Methods Prior to DSS intervention, we overexpressed miR-200a in mice for four weeks using an adeno-associated viral (AAV) vector to address this problem. ELISA detected the concentration of inflammation-related cytokines. The genes involved in inflammatory reactions and oxidative stress were identified using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blot, and immunofluorescence. Moreover, we applied siRNAs to weakened Nrf2 expression to confirm the hypothesis that miR-200a provided protection via Nrf2. Results The present study discovered miR-200a down-regulation, excessive inflammatory activation, enterocyte apoptosis, colonic dysfunction, and Keap1/Nrf2 antioxidant pathway inactivation in mouse colitis and NCM460 cells under DSS induction. However, our data demonstrated that miR-200a overexpression represses Keap1 and activates the Nrf2 antioxidant pathway, thereby alleviating these adverse alterations in animal and cellular models. Significantly, following Nrf2 deficiency, we failed to observe the protective benefits of miR-200a against colonic damage. Discussion Taken together, through activating the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway, miR-200a protected against DSS-induced colonic damage. These studies offer an innovative therapeutic approach for ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyun Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Lanlan Zha
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Hesheng Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Wuhan, China
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Sidiropoulou GA, Metaxas A, Kourti M. Natural antioxidants that act against Alzheimer's disease through modulation of the NRF2 pathway: a focus on their molecular mechanisms of action. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1217730. [PMID: 37465125 PMCID: PMC10351420 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1217730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Characterized by a complex pathophysiology that includes the intraneuronal formation of neurofibrillary tangles and the extracellular deposition of β-amyloid plaques, Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a terminal neurodegenerative disease that causes dementia in older adults. Oxidative stress in the brain is considered as one of the contributing factors to the pathogenesis of AD, and thus, antioxidants have attracted much interest as potential therapeutic agents against the disorder. Natural antioxidants are typically characterized by low acute and chronic toxicity, which facilitates their potential therapeutic application. One important molecular target for the beneficial effects of natural antioxidants is the nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor 2 (NFE2L2/NRF2). NRF2 is a key transcription factor that orchestrates the cellular antioxidant response through regulating the expression of oxidative stress-related genes harboring the antioxidant response element (ARE) in their promoters. Indeed, in the case of excessive oxidative damage, NRF2 migrates to the nucleus and binds to ARE, activating the transcription of antioxidant protector genes. There is increasing evidence that NRF2 is implicated in AD pathology through dysfunction and altered localization, which renders it as a potential therapeutic target for AD. Thus, this review summarizes the most recent (2018-2023) advances on the NRF2-modulating activity of natural antioxidants observed in vitro and in AD animal models. This information will help elucidate the molecular mechanisms governing the antioxidant activity of such phytochemicals to highlight their therapeutic potential against common neurodegenerative diseases, such as AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grammatiki Alexandra Sidiropoulou
- Angiogenesis and Cancer Drug Discovery Group, Basic and Translational Cancer Research Centre, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Athanasios Metaxas
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Malamati Kourti
- Angiogenesis and Cancer Drug Discovery Group, Basic and Translational Cancer Research Centre, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
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22
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Xie Y, Jin Y, Li S, Shen B, Ma L, Zuo L, Gao Y, Yang G. Leonurine Alleviates Cognitive Dysfunction and Reduces Oxidative Stress by Activating Nrf-2 Pathway in Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2023; 19:1347-1357. [PMID: 37284249 PMCID: PMC10241212 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s404798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia, impacting approximately 50 million individuals globally. However, the current treatments available for AD are only symptomatic and have limited efficacy. This study aimed to investigate whether Leonurine could alleviate cognitive dysfunction in a mouse model of AD and explore its underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods In this study, male APP/PS1 mice were orally administered Leonurine for two consecutive months. The cognitive functions of the mice were then evaluated using novel object recognition (NOR) and Morris water maze (MWM) tests. Hippocampal neuronal damage was observed through Nissl staining, Aβ levels were determined through ELISA, oxidative stress activity was detected through biochemical methods, and the nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2) pathway was analyzed using western blot and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. Results Our results demonstrated that Leonurine treatment markedly improved cognitive functions, as indicated by the improved performance in the model. Additionally, histopathology showed a reduction in hippocampal neuronal damage. This can be attributed to the potential of Leonurine to reduce Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42 levels and alleviate oxidative stress. Its antioxidant effect is linked to the activation of the Nrf-2 signaling pathway in APP/PS1 mice, which promotes Nrf-2 nuclear translocation and expression of HO-1 and NQO-1. Conclusion These findings suggest that Leonurine could be explored further as it could emerge as a promising drug for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Xie
- Department of Neurology, the Second Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaning Jin
- Chaoyang Second Retired Cadre Rest Center of Beijing Garrison, Beijing, 100853, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuyue Li
- Department of Geriatrics, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Baoxi Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liping Ma
- Department of Neurology, Xinzhou People’s Hospital, Shanxi, 034000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lujie Zuo
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ya Gao
- Department of Geriatrics, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guofeng Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, People’s Republic of China
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23
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Zhong Q, Xiao X, Qiu Y, Xu Z, Chen C, Chong B, Zhao X, Hai S, Li S, An Z, Dai L. Protein posttranslational modifications in health and diseases: Functions, regulatory mechanisms, and therapeutic implications. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e261. [PMID: 37143582 PMCID: PMC10152985 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein posttranslational modifications (PTMs) refer to the breaking or generation of covalent bonds on the backbones or amino acid side chains of proteins and expand the diversity of proteins, which provides the basis for the emergence of organismal complexity. To date, more than 650 types of protein modifications, such as the most well-known phosphorylation, ubiquitination, glycosylation, methylation, SUMOylation, short-chain and long-chain acylation modifications, redox modifications, and irreversible modifications, have been described, and the inventory is still increasing. By changing the protein conformation, localization, activity, stability, charges, and interactions with other biomolecules, PTMs ultimately alter the phenotypes and biological processes of cells. The homeostasis of protein modifications is important to human health. Abnormal PTMs may cause changes in protein properties and loss of protein functions, which are closely related to the occurrence and development of various diseases. In this review, we systematically introduce the characteristics, regulatory mechanisms, and functions of various PTMs in health and diseases. In addition, the therapeutic prospects in various diseases by targeting PTMs and associated regulatory enzymes are also summarized. This work will deepen the understanding of protein modifications in health and diseases and promote the discovery of diagnostic and prognostic markers and drug targets for diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhong
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xina Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yijie Qiu
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Zhiqiang Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Chunyu Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Baochen Chong
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xinjun Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Shan Hai
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Shuangqing Li
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Zhenmei An
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Lunzhi Dai
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
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Amirova KM, Dimitrova PA, Leseva MN, Koycheva IK, Dinkova-Kostova AT, Georgiev MI. The Triterpenoid Nrf2 Activator, CDDO-Me, Decreases Neutrophil Senescence in a Murine Model of Joint Damage. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108775. [PMID: 37240121 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The synthetic 2-cyano-3,12-dioxo-oleana-1,9(11)-dien-28-oic acid methyl ester (CDDO-Me) is a potent activator of the erythroid 2-p45-derived factor 2, Nrf2, a leucine-zipper regulator of the antioxidant response. Herein, we investigated the effect of CDDO-Me on neutrophil function in a murine model of joint damage. Collagenase-induced osteoarthritis (CIOA) was initiated by the intra-articular injection of collagenase in the knee-joint cavity of Balb/c mice. CDDO-Me was administrated intra-articularly twice a week starting at day 7 post-CIOA, and its effect was evaluated at day 14. Neutrophils in blood and bone marrow (BM), cell apoptosis, necrosis, expression of C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4), beta-galactosidase (β-Gal), and Nrf2 levels were measured by flow cytometry. In vitro, CDDO-Me promoted cell survival, reduced cell necrosis, and increased Nrf2 levels by 1.6 times. It decreased surface CXCR4 expression and reduced the frequency of senescent β-Gal+CXCR4+ neutrophils by three times. In vivo, the degree of knee-joint damage in CIOA was correlated with upregulated CXCR4 on CD11b+ neutrophils. CDDO-Me improved the disease histological score, increased the levels of Nrf2, and downregulated surface CXCR4 on mature BM cells. Our data suggest that CDDO-Me may act as a potent regulator of neutrophil senescence during the progression of knee-joint damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristiana M Amirova
- Laboratory of Metabolomics, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Petya A Dimitrova
- Department of Immunology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Milena N Leseva
- Department of Immunology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ivanka K Koycheva
- Laboratory of Metabolomics, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Albena T Dinkova-Kostova
- Division of Cellular and Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Milen I Georgiev
- Laboratory of Metabolomics, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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25
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Lin DW, Hsu YC, Chang CC, Hsieh CC, Lin CL. Insights into the Molecular Mechanisms of NRF2 in Kidney Injury and Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076053. [PMID: 37047024 PMCID: PMC10094034 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Redox is a constant phenomenon in organisms. From the signaling pathway transduction to the oxidative stress during the inflammation and disease process, all are related to reduction-oxidation (redox). Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a transcription factor targeting many antioxidant genes. In non-stressed conditions, NRF2 maintains the hemostasis of redox with housekeeping work. It expresses constitutively with basal activity, maintained by Kelch-like-ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1)-associated ubiquitination and degradation. When encountering stress, it can be up-regulated by several mechanisms to exert its anti-oxidative ability in diseases or inflammatory processes to protect tissues and organs from further damage. From acute kidney injury to chronic kidney diseases, such as diabetic nephropathy or glomerular disease, many results of studies have suggested that, as a master of regulating redox, NRF2 is a therapeutic option. It was not until the early termination of the clinical phase 3 trial of diabetic nephropathy due to heart failure as an unexpected side effect that we renewed our understanding of NRF2. NRF2 is not just a simple antioxidant capacity but has pleiotropic activities, harmful or helpful, depending on the conditions and backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Wei Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. Martin de Porres Hospital, Chiayi 600, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chien Hsu
- Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan
- Kidney and Diabetic Complications Research Team (KDCRT), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chih Chang
- Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chuan Hsieh
- Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Liang Lin
- Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan
- Kidney and Diabetic Complications Research Team (KDCRT), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei 105, Taiwan
- Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
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26
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The Role of the Transcription Factor Nrf2 in Alzheimer’s Disease: Therapeutic Opportunities. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13030549. [PMID: 36979483 PMCID: PMC10046499 DOI: 10.3390/biom13030549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder that affects the elderly. One of the key features of AD is the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which leads to an overall increase in oxidative damage. The nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) is a master regulator of the antioxidant response in cells. Under low ROS levels, Nrf2 is kept in the cytoplasm. However, an increase in ROS production leads to a translocation of Nrf2 into the nucleus, where it activates the transcription of several genes involved in the cells’ antioxidant response. Additionally, Nrf2 activation increases autophagy function. However, in AD, the accumulation of Aβ and tau reduces Nrf2 levels, decreasing the antioxidant response. The reduced Nrf2 levels contribute to the further accumulation of Aβ and tau by impairing their autophagy-mediated turnover. In this review, we discuss the overwhelming evidence indicating that genetic or pharmacological activation of Nrf2 is as a potential approach to mitigate AD pathology.
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27
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Shao L, Fang Q, Shi C, Zhang Y, Xia C, Zhang Y, Wang J, Chen F. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells inhibit ferroptosis via regulating the Nrf2-keap1/p53 pathway to ameliorate chronic kidney disease injury in the rats. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2023; 43:9-18. [PMID: 36883687 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2023.2185083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) have been reported to exhibit a protective effect on animal models of chronic kidney disease (CKD), the exact mechanisms involved require further investigation. This study aims to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms of BMMSCs in inhibiting ferroptosis and preventing an Adriamycin (ADR)-induced CKD injury. METHODS A rat model of long-term CKD induced through the injection of ADR administered twice weekly via the tail vein was used in this study. After BMMSCs were systemically administered through the renal artery, pathological staining, western blotting, ELISA, and transmission electron microscopy were used to analyze ferroptosis. RESULTS Analyses of renal function and histopathological findings indicated that ADR-mediated renal dysfunction improved in response to the BMMSC treatment, which was also sufficient to mediate the partial reversal of renal injury and mitochondrial pathological changes. BMMSCs decreased the ferrous iron (Fe2+) and reactive oxygen species and elevated glutathione (GSH) and GSH peroxidase 4. Moreover, the BMMSC treatment activated the expression of ferroptosis-related regulator NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and inhibited Keap1 and p53 in CKD rat kidney tissues. CONCLUSIONS BMMSCs alleviate CKD, possibly resulting from the inhibition of kidney ferroptosis by regulating the Nrf2-Keap1/p53 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lishi Shao
- Department of Radiology, Kunming Medical University & The Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan
| | - Qixiang Fang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi
| | - Chen Shi
- Department of Radiology, Kunming Medical University & The Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan
| | - Ya Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Yunnan Cancer Hospital & The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan
| | - Chunjuan Xia
- Department of Radiology, Kunming Medical University & The Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Kunming Medical University & The Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan
| | - Jiaping Wang
- Department of Radiology, Kunming Medical University & The Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan
| | - Fukun Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yunnan Cancer Hospital & The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan
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28
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Li H, Weng Q, Gong S, Zhang W, Wang J, Huang Y, Li Y, Guo J, Lan T. Kaempferol prevents acetaminophen-induced liver injury by suppressing hepatocyte ferroptosis via Nrf2 pathway activation. Food Funct 2023; 14:1884-1896. [PMID: 36723004 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02716j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury (AILI) has become a growing public health problem. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of cell death associated with lipid peroxide accumulation, has been recently implicated in AILI. The activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway is a potential therapy for AILI. Kaempferol (KA), a flavonoid widely existing in edible plants, has been reported to exert profound anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. This study aimed to investigate whether KA exerts anti-AILI effects via the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Mice were fasted for 22 h and injected intraperitoneally with APAP (250 mg kg-1) to induce AILI. Mice were pre-injected intragastrically with KA for 2 h followed by APAP injection. The hepatic injury was observed by H&E staining. Biochemical parameters of the serum and liver were measured using kits. KA alleviated hepatic injury and inflammatory response in AILI mice and ameliorated APAP-induced hepatic iron overload and oxidative stress in mice. In addition, the protective effects of KA against APAP-induced hepatotoxicity were examined in L02 cells in vitro. Cell viability was assayed by the CCK8 assay. Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) in L02 cells were detected by MitoSox fluorescence. KA reversed the APAP-induced decrease in cell viability and GSH levels and inhibited the accumulation of intracellular ROS. Furthermore, KA activated the Nrf2 pathway and upregulated Gpx4 in mouse livers and L02 cells to inhibit ferroptosis induced by APAP. Finally, molecular docking indicated the potential interaction of KA with Keap1. Taken together, KA ameliorated oxidative stress and ferroptosis-mediated AILI by activating Nrf2 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyi Li
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou 510006, China. .,Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qiqing Weng
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou 510006, China. .,Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shuai Gong
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou 510006, China. .,Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Weixian Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou 510006, China. .,Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou 510006, China. .,Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuqiao Huang
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou 510006, China. .,Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuanjun Li
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou 510006, China. .,Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiao Guo
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou 510006, China. .,Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Tian Lan
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou 510006, China. .,Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Gola F, Gaiaschi L, Roda E, De Luca F, Ferulli F, Vicini R, Rossi P, Bottone MG. Voghera Sweet Pepper: A Potential Ally against Oxidative Stress and Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043782. [PMID: 36835192 PMCID: PMC9959306 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the potential functional properties of the extracts from the edible part of Capsicum annuum L. var. Peperone di Voghera (VP) were studied. The phytochemical analysis revealed a high amount of ascorbic acid, paralleled by a low carotenoid content. Normal human diploid fibroblasts (NHDF) were chosen as the in vitro model models to investigate the effects of the VP extract on oxidative stress and aging pathways. The extract of Carmagnola pepper (CP), another important Italian variety, was used as the reference vegetable. The cytotoxicity evaluation was performed firstly, using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, while the VP potential antioxidant and antiaging activity was investigated by immunofluorescence staining focusing on specifically selected proteins. The MTT data revealed the highest cell viability at a concentration of up to 1 mg/mL. The immunocytochemical analyses highlighted an increased expression of transcription factors and enzymes involved in redox homeostasis (Nrf2, SOD2, catalase), improved mitochondrial functionality, and the up-regulation of the longevity gene SIRT1. The present results supported the functional role of the VP pepper ecotype, suggesting a feasible use of its derived products as valuable food supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Gola
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Ludovica Gaiaschi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Elisa Roda
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Toxicology, Pavia Poison Centre—National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Fabrizio De Luca
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Riccardo Vicini
- Bio Basic Europe S.R.L., Via Taramelli 24, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Paola Rossi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Bottone
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +0039-0382986319
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30
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Downregulation of Nrf2 in the Hippocampus Contributes to Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction in Aged Rats by Sensitizing Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2023; 2023:7272456. [PMID: 36819786 PMCID: PMC9935806 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7272456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a recognized clinical complication defined by a new cognitive impairment arising after a surgical procedure. Elderly patients are especially vulnerable to cognitive impairment after surgical operations, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in the hippocampus, a brain region involved in memory formation, are considered as major contributors to the development of POCD. Activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a master regulator of endogenous inducible defense system, plays a crucial role in protecting cells against oxidative stress and inflammation by enhancing transcription of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory target genes. Here, we examined whether aging downregulates Nrf2 in the hippocampus and, if so, whether downregulation of hippocampal Nrf2 contributes to POCD in aging. Young and aged rats underwent abdominal surgery or sham operation. One week later, cognitive function was assessed, and brains were collected for molecular studies. Compared with young sham rats, aged sham rats exhibited a significant reduction in expression of Nrf2 in the hippocampus. Interestingly, the expression of Nrf2 downstream target genes and levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and proinflammatory cytokines in the hippocampus as well as cognitive function were comparable between aged sham and young sham rats. After abdominal surgery, young rats showed significant upregulation of Nrf2 and its target genes in the hippocampus. However, aged rats did not show changes in expression of Nrf2 and its target genes but had increased levels of ROS and proinflammatory cytokines in the hippocampus, along with cognitive impairment as indicated by reduced contextual freezing time. Moreover, upregulation of hippocampal Nrf2 in aged rats with intracerebroventricular infusion of a Nrf2 activator reduced levels of ROS and proinflammatory cytokines in the hippocampus, ameliorating cognitive dysfunction after surgery. The results suggest that aging-induced downregulation of Nrf2 in the hippocampus causes the failure to activate Nrf2-regulated antioxidant defense system in response to surgical insult, which contributes to POCD by sensitizing oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. Nrf2 activation in the brain may be a novel strategy to prevent the cognitive decline in elderly patients after surgery.
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31
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Castillo-Quan JI, Steinbaugh MJ, Fernández-Cárdenas LP, Pohl NK, Wu Z, Zhu F, Moroz N, Teixeira V, Bland MS, Lehrbach NJ, Moronetti L, Teufl M, Blackwell TK. An antisteatosis response regulated by oleic acid through lipid droplet-mediated ERAD enhancement. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadc8917. [PMID: 36598980 PMCID: PMC9812393 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adc8917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Although excessive lipid accumulation is a hallmark of obesity-related pathologies, some lipids are beneficial. Oleic acid (OA), the most abundant monounsaturated fatty acid (FA), promotes health and longevity. Here, we show that OA benefits Caenorhabditis elegans by activating the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident transcription factor SKN-1A (Nrf1/NFE2L1) in a lipid homeostasis response. SKN-1A/Nrf1 is cleared from the ER by the ER-associated degradation (ERAD) machinery and stabilized when proteasome activity is low and canonically maintains proteasome homeostasis. Unexpectedly, OA increases nuclear SKN-1A levels independently of proteasome activity, through lipid droplet-dependent enhancement of ERAD. In turn, SKN-1A reduces steatosis by reshaping the lipid metabolism transcriptome and mediates longevity from OA provided through endogenous accumulation, reduced H3K4 trimethylation, or dietary supplementation. Our findings reveal an unexpected mechanism of FA signal transduction, as well as a lipid homeostasis pathway that provides strategies for opposing steatosis and aging, and may mediate some benefits of the OA-rich Mediterranean diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Iván Castillo-Quan
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael J. Steinbaugh
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laura Paulette Fernández-Cárdenas
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nancy K. Pohl
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ziyun Wu
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Feimei Zhu
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Natalie Moroz
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Biology Department, Emmanuel College, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Veronica Teixeira
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Monet S. Bland
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicolas J. Lehrbach
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lorenza Moronetti
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Magdalena Teufl
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - T. Keith Blackwell
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Corresponding author.
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32
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Qin X, Xu X, Hou X, Liang R, Chen L, Hao Y, Gao A, Du X, Zhao L, Shi Y, Li Q. The pharmacological properties and corresponding mechanisms of farrerol: a comprehensive review. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2022; 60:9-16. [PMID: 34846222 PMCID: PMC8635655 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.2006723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Farrerol, a typical natural flavanone isolated from the traditional Chinese herb 'Man-shan-hong' [Rhododendron dauricum L. (Ericaceae)] with phlegm-reducing and cough-relieving properties, is widely used in China for treating bronchitis and asthma. OBJECTIVE To present the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, vasoactive, antitumor, and antimicrobial effects of farrerol and its underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS The literature was reviewed by searching PubMed, Medline, Web of Knowledge, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases between 2011 and May 2021. The following key words were used: 'farrerol,' 'flavanone,' 'anti-inflammatory,' 'antioxidant,' 'vasoactive,' 'antitumor,' 'antimicrobial,' and 'molecular mechanisms'. RESULTS Farrerol showed anti-inflammatory effects mainly mediated via the inhibition of interleukin (IL)-6/8, IL-1β, tumour necrosis factor(TNF)-α, NF-κB, NO, COX-2, JNK1/2, AKT, PI3K, ERK1/2, p38, Keap-1, and TGF-1β. Farrerol exhibited antioxidant effects by decreasing JNK, MDA, ROS, NOX4, Bax/Bcl-2, caspase-3, p-p38 MAPK, and GSK-3β levels and enhancing Nrf2, GSH, SOD, GSH-Px, HO-1, NQO1, and p-ERK levels. The vasoactive effects of farrerol were also shown by the reduced α-SMA, NAD(P)H, p-ERK, p-Akt, mTOR, Jak2, Stat3, Bcl-2, and p38 levels, but increased OPN, occludin, ZO-1, eNOS, CaM, IP3R, and PLC levels. The antitumor effects of farrerol were evident from the reduced Bcl-2, Slug, Zeb-1, and vimentin levels but increased p27, ERK1/2, p38, caspase-9, Bax, and E-cadherin levels. Farrerol reduced α-toxin levels and increased NO production and NF-κB activity to impart antibacterial activity. CONCLUSIONS This review article provides a theoretical basis for further studies on farrerol, with a view to develop and utilise farrerol for treating of vascular-related diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojiang Qin
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- CONTACT Xiaojiang Qin School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xinrong Xu
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaomin Hou
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, China
| | - Ruifeng Liang
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Liangjing Chen
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yuxuan Hao
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Anqi Gao
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xufeng Du
- Department of Exercise Rehabilitation, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Liangyuan Zhao
- Department of Exercise Rehabilitation, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yiwei Shi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanxi Medical University Affiliated First Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Qingshan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Chronic Inflammatory Targeted Drugs, School of Materia Medica, Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Qingshan Li School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
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33
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Li MY, Qin YQ, Tian YG, Li KC, Oliver BG, Liu XF, Zhao P, Li JS. Effective-component compatibility of Bufei Yishen formula III ameliorated COPD by improving airway epithelial cell senescence by promoting mitophagy via the NRF2/PINK1 pathway. BMC Pulm Med 2022; 22:434. [DOI: 10.1186/s12890-022-02191-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Effective-component compatibility of Bufei Yishen formula III (ECC-BYF III) demonstrates positive effects on stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Purpose
To investigate the mechanisms of ECC-BYF III on COPD rats from the aspect of airway epithelial cell senescence.
Methods
COPD model rats (Sprague-Dawley rat) were treated with ECC-BYF III for 8 weeks, and the efficacy was evaluated. Cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced senescence model of airway epithelial cells was treated with ECC-BYF III, and related enzymes and proteins involved in oxidative stress and mitophagy were detected.
Results
ECC-BYF III markedly rescued pulmonary function and histopathological changes, which might be associated with the amelioration of lung senescence, including the reduction of malondialdehyde (MDA) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6 and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 levels, increase of the level in total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), and decease in the p21 level in the airways. Furthermore, ECC-BYF III suppressed p16 and p21 expressions and senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) in CSE-induced airway epithelial cells. Moreover, ECC-BYF III upregulated mitophagy-related proteins, including the co-localizations of TOM20 and LC3B, PINK1 and PARK2, and improved mitochondrial function by upregulating mitochondrial mitofusin (MFN)2 and reducing dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) expression. ECC-BYF III enhanced the activities of T-SOD and GSH-PX by up-regulating NRF2, thus inhibiting oxidative stress. After intervention with NRF2 inhibitor, the regulation effects of ECC-BYF III on oxidative stress, mitophagy and senescence in airway epithelial cells were significantly suppressed.
Conclusions
ECC-BYF III exerts beneficial effects on COPD rats by ameliorating airway epithelial cell senescence, which is mediated by inhibiting oxidative stress and subsequently enhancing mitophagy through the activation of NRF2 signaling.
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Davinelli S, Medoro A, Intrieri M, Saso L, Scapagnini G, Kang JX. Targeting NRF2-KEAP1 axis by Omega-3 fatty acids and their derivatives: Emerging opportunities against aging and diseases. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 193:736-750. [PMID: 36402440 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor NRF2 and its endogenous inhibitor KEAP1 play a crucial role in the maintenance of cellular redox homeostasis by regulating the gene expression of diverse networks of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and detoxification enzymes. Therefore, activation of NRF2 provides cytoprotection against numerous pathologies, including age-related diseases. An age-associated loss of NRF2 function may be a key driving force behind the aging phenotype. Recently, numerous NRF2 inducers have been identified and some of them are promising candidates to restore NRF2 transcriptional activity during aging. Emerging evidence indicates that omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and their electrophilic derivatives may trigger a protective response via NRF2 activation, rescuing or maintaining cellular redox homeostasis. In this review, we provide an overview of the NRF2-KEAP1 system and its dysregulation in aging cells. We also summarize current studies on the modulatory role of n-3 PUFAs as potential agents to prevent multiple chronic diseases and restore the age-related impairment of NRF2 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Davinelli
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Alessandro Medoro
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Mariano Intrieri
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scapagnini
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy.
| | - Jing X Kang
- Laboratory for Lipid Medicine and Technology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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35
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Zhan C, Cao X, Zhang T, Guo J, Xu G, Wang H, Yang W, Yang L, Che D, Lu W, Ma X. Melatonin protects porcine oocyte from copper exposure potentially by reducing oxidative stress potentially through the Nrf2 pathway. Theriogenology 2022; 193:1-10. [PMID: 36115287 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Copper is widely used as a feeding additive to promote livestock growth. However, excessive copper can be excreted with feces, causing heavy metal pollution and aggravating environmental problems. At the same time, studies have found that excess copper can cause damage to reproductive function and reduce gamete quality. Here, we explored the effects of adding different concentrations of copper to the culture medium on porcine oocytes. First polar body extrusion rate, embryo development, and intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) ΔΨm, adenosine triphosphate(ATP) content, and acetylation of lysine 9 on histone H3 protein subunit (H3K9ac) were assessed. Results demonstrated that Cu exposure causes abnormalities in mitochondrial function and epigenetic modification, resulting in increased oxidative stress and levels of ROS, ultimately leading to a decreased porcine oocyte quality. In addition, we found melatonin can protect porcine oocytes from those damages. Notably, Nrf2 protein expression was significantly increased by copper exposure, meanwhile, Nrf2 signaling pathway inhibitor ML385 significantly attenuated the protective role of melatonin on oxidative stress induced by copper exposure. In summary, our study demonstrates that copper activates the Nrf2 pathway and impairs oocyte maturation by inducing oxidative stress, leading to poor quality of porcine oocytes, and the changes can be reversed by melatonin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglin Zhan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin Changchun, 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Xu Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin Changchun, 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Tianrui Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin Changchun, 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Jing Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin Changchun, 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Gaoqing Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin Changchun, 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin Jilin, 132109, China
| | - Wenyan Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin Changchun, 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Lianyu Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin Changchun, 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Dongsheng Che
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin Changchun, 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Wenfa Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin Changchun, 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
| | - Xin Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin Changchun, 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
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Salucci S, Bartoletti-Stella A, Bavelloni A, Aramini B, Blalock WL, Fabbri F, Vannini I, Sambri V, Stella F, Faenza I. Extra Virgin Olive Oil (EVOO), a Mediterranean Diet Component, in the Management of Muscle Mass and Function Preservation. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14173567. [PMID: 36079827 PMCID: PMC9459997 DOI: 10.3390/nu14173567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging results in a progressive decline in skeletal muscle mass, strength and function, a condition known as sarcopenia. This pathological condition is due to multifactorial processes including physical inactivity, inflammation, oxidative stress, hormonal changes, and nutritional intake. Physical therapy remains the standard approach to treat sarcopenia, although some interventions based on dietary supplementation are in clinical development. In this context, thanks to its known anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties, there is great interest in using extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) supplementation to promote muscle mass and health in sarcopenic patients. To date, the molecular mechanisms responsible for the pathological changes associated with sarcopenia remain undefined; however, a complete understanding of the signaling pathways that regulate skeletal muscle protein synthesis and their behavior during sarcopenia appears vital for defining how EVOO might attenuate muscle wasting during aging. This review highlights the main molecular players that control skeletal muscle mass, with particular regard to sarcopenia, and discusses, based on the more recent findings, the potential of EVOO in delaying/preventing loss of muscle mass and function, with the aim of stimulating further research to assess dietary supplementation with EVOO as an approach to prevent or delay sarcopenia in aging individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Salucci
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Anna Bartoletti-Stella
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto Bavelloni
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Beatrice Aramini
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES of the Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, G.B. Morgagni-L. Pierantoni Hospital, 47121 Forlì, Italy
| | - William L. Blalock
- “Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza” Istituto di Genetica Molecolare-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IGM-CNR), 40136 Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Fabbri
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy
| | - Ivan Vannini
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy
| | - Vittorio Sambri
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Unit of Microbiology, Greater Romagna Hub Laboratory, 47522 Pievesestina, Italy
| | - Franco Stella
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES of the Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, G.B. Morgagni-L. Pierantoni Hospital, 47121 Forlì, Italy
| | - Irene Faenza
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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Dong J, Zhang L, Ruan B, Lv Z, Wang H, Wang Y, Jiang Q, Cao W. NRF2 is a critical regulator and therapeutic target of metal implant particle-incurred bone damage. Biomaterials 2022; 288:121742. [PMID: 36030105 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Aseptic metal implant loosening due to wear particle-induced bone damage is a major complication of total joint arthroplasty often leading to revision surgery, of which the key regulators mediating the processes are not clearly defined. Here we reported that in a mouse model of calvarial osteolysis, titanium particles (TiPs) and cobalt-chromium-molybdenum particles induced severe osteolysis accompanied by marked suppression of a master redox transcriptional factor NRF2 (Nuclear factor erythroid derived 2-related factor 2). Nfe2l2 knockout mice treated with TiPs developed worse osteolytic alterations compared with wild-type mice. On the contrary, NRF2 restoration by an NRF2 agonist TBHQ (tert-butylhydroquinone) effectively alleviated the osteolysis and the abnormal expression of NRF2 downstream antioxidant enzymes, inflammatory cytokines and osteogenic factors. Further, TiPs induced adverse osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis in cultured bone cells, which were substantially blocked by TBHQ in an NRF2 inhibition-sensitive manner. Consistently, the osteoprotective effects of TBHQ observed in wild-type mice were largely limited in Nfe2l2 knockout mice. Collectively, our data suggest that NRF2 suppression is a critical causal event of metal wear particle-incurred osteolysis, and the strategies reinstating NRF2 are effective to lessen the bone damage and potentially reduce the incidence of metal implant loosening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Key Lab of Molecular Medicine. 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Binjia Ruan
- Department of Orthopedics, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, 98 West Nantong Road, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Zhongyang Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Key Lab of Molecular Medicine. 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Yongxiang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, 98 West Nantong Road, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Qing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Wangsen Cao
- Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Key Lab of Molecular Medicine. 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, China; Department of Orthopedics, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, 98 West Nantong Road, Yangzhou, 225001, China.
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Xiong J, Lu DL, Chen BQ, Liu TY, Wang ZX. Dimethyl Itaconate Reduces Cognitive Impairment and Neuroinflammation in APPswe/PS1ΔE9 Transgenic Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Neuromolecular Med 2022:10.1007/s12017-022-08725-y. [PMID: 35939256 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-022-08725-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia characterized by abnormal accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques, neuroinflammation, and neuronal loss. Dimethyl itaconate (DI), a membrane-permeable derivative of itaconate, has been recently reported to limit inflammation. However, the effect of DI in the APPswe/PS1ΔE9 (APP/PS1) transgenic mouse model of AD remains unclear. We treated APP/PS1 mice with DI or saline. Our results showed that DI ameliorated the cognitive deficits of APP/PS1 mice. Further, DI significantly decreased brain Aβ deposition and Aβ levels, inhibited cell apoptosis, decreased hippocampal and cortical neuronal damage. We also found that DI promoted the expression of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, while inhibited cognitive impairment, cell apoptosis, and the proinflammatory cytokine levels in the brains of APP/PS1 mice. Our results indicated that DI attenuated memory impairment and neuroinflammation via the Nrf2 signaling pathway in APP/PS1 mice, suggesting that DI might be recognized as a promising candidate for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xiong
- Department of Geriatrics Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Dong-Lin Lu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000, China
| | - Bai-Qiang Chen
- Institute of Neurorehabilitation and Neurorehabilitation, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Tong-Yun Liu
- Department of Geriatrics Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Zi-Xuan Wang
- Department of Geriatrics Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China. .,Institute of Neurorehabilitation and Neurorehabilitation, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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Groth M, Skrzydlewska E, Dobrzyńska M, Pancewicz S, Moniuszko-Malinowska A. Redox Imbalance and Its Metabolic Consequences in Tick-Borne Diseases. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:870398. [PMID: 35937690 PMCID: PMC9353526 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.870398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the growing global health problems are vector-borne diseases, including tick-borne diseases. The most common tick-borne diseases include Lyme disease, tick-borne encephalitis, human granulocytic anaplasmosis, and babesiosis. Taking into account the metabolic effects in the patient's body, tick-borne diseases are a significant problem from an epidemiological and clinical point of view. Inflammation and oxidative stress are key elements in the pathogenesis of infectious diseases, including tick-borne diseases. In consequence, this leads to oxidative modifications of the structure and function of phospholipids and proteins and results in qualitative and quantitative changes at the level of lipid mediators arising in both reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ROS enzyme-dependent reactions. These types of metabolic modifications affect the functioning of the cells and the host organism. Therefore, links between the severity of the disease state and redox imbalance and the level of phospholipid metabolites are being searched, hoping to find unambiguous diagnostic biomarkers. Assessment of molecular effects of oxidative stress may also enable the monitoring of the disease process and treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Groth
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Neuroinfections, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Skrzydlewska
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Marta Dobrzyńska
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Sławomir Pancewicz
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Neuroinfections, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Anna Moniuszko-Malinowska
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Neuroinfections, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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Heurtaux T, Bouvier DS, Benani A, Helgueta Romero S, Frauenknecht KBM, Mittelbronn M, Sinkkonen L. Normal and Pathological NRF2 Signalling in the Central Nervous System. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:1426. [PMID: 35892629 PMCID: PMC9394413 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) was originally described as a master regulator of antioxidant cellular response, but in the time since, numerous important biological functions linked to cell survival, cellular detoxification, metabolism, autophagy, proteostasis, inflammation, immunity, and differentiation have been attributed to this pleiotropic transcription factor that regulates hundreds of genes. After 40 years of in-depth research and key discoveries, NRF2 is now at the center of a vast regulatory network, revealing NRF2 signalling as increasingly complex. It is widely recognized that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a key role in human physiological and pathological processes such as ageing, obesity, diabetes, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. The high oxygen consumption associated with high levels of free iron and oxidizable unsaturated lipids make the brain particularly vulnerable to oxidative stress. A good stability of NRF2 activity is thus crucial to maintain the redox balance and therefore brain homeostasis. In this review, we have gathered recent data about the contribution of the NRF2 pathway in the healthy brain as well as during metabolic diseases, cancer, ageing, and ageing-related neurodegenerative diseases. We also discuss promising therapeutic strategies and the need for better understanding of cell-type-specific functions of NRF2 in these different fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Heurtaux
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine (DLSM), University of Luxembourg, 4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg; (S.H.R.); (M.M.); (L.S.)
- Luxembourg Center of Neuropathology (LCNP), 3555 Dudelange, Luxembourg; (D.S.B.); (K.B.M.F.)
| | - David S. Bouvier
- Luxembourg Center of Neuropathology (LCNP), 3555 Dudelange, Luxembourg; (D.S.B.); (K.B.M.F.)
- National Center of Pathology (NCP), Laboratoire National de Santé (LNS), 3555 Dudelange, Luxembourg
- Luxembourg Centre of Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Alexandre Benani
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l’Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France;
| | - Sergio Helgueta Romero
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine (DLSM), University of Luxembourg, 4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg; (S.H.R.); (M.M.); (L.S.)
- Luxembourg Center of Neuropathology (LCNP), 3555 Dudelange, Luxembourg; (D.S.B.); (K.B.M.F.)
| | - Katrin B. M. Frauenknecht
- Luxembourg Center of Neuropathology (LCNP), 3555 Dudelange, Luxembourg; (D.S.B.); (K.B.M.F.)
- National Center of Pathology (NCP), Laboratoire National de Santé (LNS), 3555 Dudelange, Luxembourg
| | - Michel Mittelbronn
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine (DLSM), University of Luxembourg, 4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg; (S.H.R.); (M.M.); (L.S.)
- Luxembourg Center of Neuropathology (LCNP), 3555 Dudelange, Luxembourg; (D.S.B.); (K.B.M.F.)
- National Center of Pathology (NCP), Laboratoire National de Santé (LNS), 3555 Dudelange, Luxembourg
- Luxembourg Centre of Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg
- Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), 1526 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Lasse Sinkkonen
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine (DLSM), University of Luxembourg, 4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg; (S.H.R.); (M.M.); (L.S.)
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Brazão V, Colato RP, Santello FH, Duarte A, Goulart A, Sampaio PA, Pacheco Silva CB, Tirapelli CR, Costa RM, Tostes RC, do Prado JC. Melatonin regulates antioxidant defense and inflammatory response by activating Nrf2-dependent mechanisms and inhibiting NFkappaB expression in middle-aged T. cruzi infected rats. Exp Gerontol 2022; 167:111895. [PMID: 35843349 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress with higher levels of leptin and inflammatory response are key processes related to pathogenesis of both T. cruzi infection and aging. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) controls the expression of several genes implicated in the oxidative stress response in many pathological conditions. Melatonin is a pleiotropic hormone with, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-aging actions. Then, we hypothesized that Nrf2 response is impaired during the acute T. cruzi (9 days) infection and that melatonin rescues Nrf2 responses. Young (5 weeks-old) and middle-aged (18 months-old) male Wistar rats were infected with T. cruzi. Nrf2 translocation and markers of inflammation and oxidative stress were analyzed in blood and spleen. Increased apoptosis levels and oxidative stress indicators were observed in the rat spleen during T. cruzi infection. These responses were accompanied by decreased Nrf2 expression and increased expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB). Melatonin (5 mg/kg/day; p.o. gavage) attenuated the superoxide anion (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production induced by T. cruzi infection. Increased expressions of catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were detected in the spleen of melatonin-treated rats infected with T. cruzi. Melatonin treatment inhibited the spleen NF-κB activation and downregulates the levels of circulating interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in T. cruzi middle-aged infected rats. Increased levels of the chemokine CXCL1 in middle-aged control rats was observed, confirming that aging alters the production of this chemokine. In T. cruzi infected young animals, CXCL1 was up-regulated when compared to non-infected young ones. For young or middle-aged animals, melatonin treatment had no significant effect on CXCL1 levels. Our findings demonstrate an important role for Nrf2/NF-kB regulation as a possible mechanism by which melatonin attenuates oxidative stress, and provide new insights for further studies of this indoleamine as a therapeutic co-adjuvant agent against T. cruzi infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vânia Brazão
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto (FCFRP), University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Rafaela Pravato Colato
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto (FCFRP), University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabricia Helena Santello
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto (FCFRP), University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Andressa Duarte
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto (FCFRP), University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Amanda Goulart
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto (FCFRP), University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Pedro Alexandre Sampaio
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto (FCFRP), University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Carla B Pacheco Silva
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Human Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmacology, College of Nursing of Ribeirão Preto, USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Renato Tirapelli
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Human Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmacology, College of Nursing of Ribeirão Preto, USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael M Costa
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil; Special Academic Unit of Health Sciences, Federal University of Jatai, Jatai, GO, Brazil
| | - Rita C Tostes
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - José Clóvis do Prado
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto (FCFRP), University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Han R, Yu Y, Zhao K, Wei J, Hui Y, Gao JM. Lignans from Eucommia ulmoides Oliver leaves exhibit neuroprotective effects via activation of the PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β/Nrf2 signaling pathways in H 2O 2-treated PC-12 cells. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 101:154124. [PMID: 35487038 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuronal apoptosis and oxidative stress have the most crucial influence on neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease. Rat adrenal pheochromocytoma cells (PC-12) induced by H2O2 are one of the primary in vitro models of Parkinson's disease (PD) . Previous studies have found that E ulmoides leaf extract exerts good neuroprotective activity and has the potential to treat neurodegenerative diseases. However, the molecular pathways involved in the neuroprotective effects of its primary leaf component, lignans, have not yet been well elucidated yet. PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of lignans in E. ulmoides leaves and to explore the underlying mechanism. METHODS Cell viability was measured using the CCK-8 assay. Apoptosis was assessed by calcein/PI staining. The release levels of ROS and LDH were assessed using a commercial assay kit. The enzyme activities of SOD and GPx were measured using kits. The establishment of the compound-target-pathway-disease network was performed using a database and computer software. Antioxidant proteins (HO-1, NQO-1, and Cat) and related regulatory proteins (Nrf2, GSK-3β, p-GSK 3β (Ser 9), Akt, p-Akt (Tyr326), PI3K) were detected by western blotting. Apoptosis in the zebrafish head was assessed using acridine orange (AO) staining. RESULTS In the present study, 12 lignans were isolated and characterized from E. ulmoides leaves, including a new compound, (-)-7‑epi-pinoresinol mr1 (1). Compounds 1-12 exerted neuroprotective effects in H2O2-treated PC-12 cells by increasing cell viability, improving the enzyme activity of SOD and GPx, and reducing levels of ROS and LDH. Compared to the positive control group (25 μM hesperetin), cell viability in response to 25 μM compound 1 (78.0 ± 0.8%) was highest, but its relative percent LDH release (20.1 ± 2.5%) was the lowest; 25 μM compound 4 resulted in the lowest ROS release levels (101.7 ± 2.6%) and highest SOD enzyme activity (35.9 ± 4.2 U/mg), and the GPx enzyme activity of 25 μM compound 1 was strongest (197.6 ± 0.6 U/mg). Next, the potential targets (PI3K, GSK-3β) of the test compounds' antioxidant activity were identified using pharmacological network analysis. Using DAVID software for pharmacological network analysis, potential targets (PI3K, GSK-3β, and SOD2) of 12 lignans were identified. Based on the initial screening results, biological experiments confirmed that diepoxylignans 1, 2, and 4 exerted significant neuroprotection by regulating the PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β/Nrf2 signaling pathways, increasing protein expression of HO-1, NQO-1, and CAT, and enhancing the antioxidant enzyme activity of SOD and GPx. CONCLUSION Our experiments first propose that the diepoxylignans from E. ulmoides leaves exert neuroprotective effects via activation of the PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β/Nrf2 signaling pathway. These findings further indicate that lignans could be the primary components of E. ulmoides Oliver as agents for the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Collectively, Eucommia ulmoides leaves with important research value may be a potential candidate for traditional Chinese medicine for treating oxidative stress-related neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Han
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Yu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Kanghong Zhao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wei
- College of Biology Pharmacy & Food Engineering, Shangluo University, Shangluo, Shaanxi 726000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhu Hui
- Shaanxi Jiahe Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. No. 7 Binhe Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jin-Ming Gao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China.
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Zoungrana LI, Krause-Hauch M, Wang H, Fatmi MK, Bates L, Li Z, Kulkarni P, Ren D, Li J. The Interaction of mTOR and Nrf2 in Neurogenesis and Its Implication in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Cells 2022; 11:cells11132048. [PMID: 35805130 PMCID: PMC9265429 DOI: 10.3390/cells11132048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurogenesis occurs in the brain during embryonic development and throughout adulthood. Neurogenesis occurs in the hippocampus and under normal conditions and persists in two regions of the brain—the subgranular zone (SGZ) in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles. As the critical role in neurogenesis, the neural stem cells have the capacity to differentiate into various cells and to self-renew. This process is controlled through different methods. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) controls cellular growth, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and autophagy. The transcription factor Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) is a major regulator of metabolism, protein quality control, and antioxidative defense, and is linked to neurogenesis. However, dysregulation in neurogenesis, mTOR, and Nrf2 activity have all been associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Huntington’s, and Parkinson’s. Understanding the role of these complexes in both neurogenesis and neurodegenerative disease could be necessary to develop future therapies. Here, we review both mTOR and Nrf2 complexes, their crosstalk and role in neurogenesis, and their implication in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Ines Zoungrana
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (L.I.Z.); (M.K.-H.); (H.W.); (M.K.F.); (L.B.); (D.R.)
| | - Meredith Krause-Hauch
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (L.I.Z.); (M.K.-H.); (H.W.); (M.K.F.); (L.B.); (D.R.)
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (L.I.Z.); (M.K.-H.); (H.W.); (M.K.F.); (L.B.); (D.R.)
| | - Mohammad Kasim Fatmi
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (L.I.Z.); (M.K.-H.); (H.W.); (M.K.F.); (L.B.); (D.R.)
| | - Lauryn Bates
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (L.I.Z.); (M.K.-H.); (H.W.); (M.K.F.); (L.B.); (D.R.)
| | - Zehui Li
- Department of Medical Engineering, College of Engineering and Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (Z.L.); (P.K.)
| | - Parth Kulkarni
- Department of Medical Engineering, College of Engineering and Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (Z.L.); (P.K.)
| | - Di Ren
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (L.I.Z.); (M.K.-H.); (H.W.); (M.K.F.); (L.B.); (D.R.)
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (L.I.Z.); (M.K.-H.); (H.W.); (M.K.F.); (L.B.); (D.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-813-974-4917
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Yang XX, Yang R, Zhang F. Role of Nrf2 in Parkinson's Disease: Toward New Perspectives. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:919233. [PMID: 35814229 PMCID: PMC9263373 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.919233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common and chronic degenerative diseases in the central nervous system. The main pathology of PD formation is the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra and the formation of α-synuclein-rich Lewy bodies. The pathogenesis of PD is not caused by any single independent factor. The diversity of these independent factors of PD, such as iron accumulation, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, age, environment, and heredity, makes the research progress of PD slow. Nrf2 has been well-known to be closely associated with the pathogenesis of PD and could regulate these induced factors development. Nrf2 activation could protect dopaminergic neurons and slow down the progression of PD. This review summarized the role of Nrf2 pathway on the pathogenesis of PD. Regulation of Nrf2 pathway might be one of the promising strategies to prevent and treat PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-xing Yang
- Laboratory Animal Center and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Rong Yang
- Laboratory Animal Center and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Laboratory Animal Center and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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45
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Xu X, Zhang Y. Regulation of Oxidative Stress by Long Non-coding RNAs in Central Nervous System Disorders. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:931704. [PMID: 35782387 PMCID: PMC9241987 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.931704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) disorders, such as ischemic stroke, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, spinal cord injury, glioma, and epilepsy, involve oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis, often leading to long-term disability or death. Emerging studies suggest that oxidative stress may induce epigenetic modifications that contribute to CNS disorders. Non-coding RNAs are epigenetic regulators involved in CNS disorders and have attracted extensive attention. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-coding RNAs more than 200 nucleotides long and have no protein-coding function. However, these molecules exert regulatory functions at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and epigenetic levels. However, the major role of lncRNAs in the pathophysiology of CNS disorders, especially related to oxidative stress, remains unclear. Here, we review the molecular functions of lncRNAs in oxidative stress and highlight lncRNAs that exert positive or negative roles in oxidation/antioxidant systems. This review provides novel insights into the therapeutic potential of lncRNAs that mediate oxidative stress in CNS disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoman Xu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Zhang,
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46
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Li N, Du H, Mao L, Xu G, Zhang M, Fan Y, Dong X, Zheng L, Wang B, Qin X, Jiang X, Chen C, Zou Z, Zhang J. Reciprocal regulation of NRF2 by autophagy and ubiquitin-proteasome modulates vascular endothelial injury induced by copper oxide nanoparticles. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:270. [PMID: 35690781 PMCID: PMC9188091 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01486-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
NRF2 is the key antioxidant molecule to maintain redox homeostasis, however the intrinsic mechanisms of NRF2 activation in the context of nanoparticles (NPs) exposure remain unclear. In this study, we revealed that copper oxide NPs (CuONPs) exposure activated NRF2 pathway in vascular endothelial cells. NRF2 knockout remarkably aggravated oxidative stress, which were remarkably mitigated by ROS scavenger. We also demonstrated that KEAP1 (the negative regulator of NRF2) was not primarily involved in NRF2 activation in that KEAP1 knockdown did not significantly affect CuONPs-induced NRF2 activation. Notably, we demonstrated that autophagy promoted NRF2 activation as evidenced by that ATG5 knockout or autophagy inhibitors significantly blocked NRF2 pathway. Mechanically, CuONPs disturbed ubiquitin–proteasome pathway and consequently inhibited the proteasome-dependent degradation of NRF2. However, autophagy deficiency reciprocally promoted proteasome activity, leading to the acceleration of degradation of NRF2 via ubiquitin–proteasome pathway. In addition, the notion that the reciprocal regulation of NRF2 by autophagy and ubiquitin–proteasome was further proven in a CuONPs pulmonary exposure mice model. Together, this study uncovers a novel regulatory mechanism of NRF2 activation by protein degradation machineries in response to CuONPs exposure, which opens a novel intriguing scenario to uncover therapeutic strategies against NPs-induced vascular injury and disease. CuONPs exposure activates NRF2 signaling in vascular endothelial cells and mouse thoracic aorta. KEAP1 is dispensable for NRF2 activation in CuONPs-treated vascular endothelial cells. CuONPs-induced autophagy facilitates NRF2 activation in vascular endothelial cells and mouse thoracic aorta. Autophagy and ubiquitin–proteasome reciprocally regulate NRF2 activation in CuONPs-treated vascular endothelial cells and mouse thoracic aorta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Du
- Chongqing Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and Poisoning, Chongqing, 400060, People's Republic of China
| | - Lejiao Mao
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China.,Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Ge Xu
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengling Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinzhen Fan
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomei Dong
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Zheng
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Wang
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejun Jiang
- Center of Experimental Teaching for Public Health, Experimental Teaching and Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengzhi Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Zou
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China. .,Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China. .,Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China.
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47
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Suzen S, Tucci P, Profumo E, Buttari B, Saso L. A Pivotal Role of Nrf2 in Neurodegenerative Disorders: A New Way for Therapeutic Strategies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15060692. [PMID: 35745610 PMCID: PMC9227112 DOI: 10.3390/ph15060692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical and preclinical research indicates that neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by excess levels of oxidative stress (OS) biomarkers and by lower levels of antioxidant protection in the brain and peripheral tissues. Dysregulations in the oxidant/antioxidant balance are known to be a major factor in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases and involve mitochondrial dysfunction, protein misfolding, and neuroinflammation, all events that lead to the proteostatic collapse of neuronal cells and their loss. Nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a short-lived protein that works as a transcription factor and is related to the expression of many cytoprotective genes involved in xenobiotic metabolism and antioxidant responses. A major emerging function of Nrf2 from studies over the past decade is its role in resistance to OS. Nrf2 is a key regulator of OS defense and research supports a protective and defending role of Nrf2 against neurodegenerative conditions. This review describes the influence of Nrf2 on OS and in what way Nrf2 regulates antioxidant defense for neurodegenerative conditions. Furthermore, we evaluate recent research and evidence for a beneficial and potential role of specific Nrf2 activator compounds as therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibel Suzen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Tandogan, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +90-533-391-5844
| | - Paolo Tucci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Napoli, 20, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Elisabetta Profumo
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.P.); (B.B.)
| | - Brigitta Buttari
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.P.); (B.B.)
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology ‘‘Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
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48
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Zheng W, Li X, Zhang T, Wang J. Biological mechanisms and clinical efficacy of sulforaphane for mental disorders. Gen Psychiatr 2022; 35:e100700. [PMID: 35492261 PMCID: PMC8987744 DOI: 10.1136/gpsych-2021-100700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Current clinical management of major mental disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder, depression and schizophrenia, is less than optimal. Recent scientific advances have indicated that deficits in oxidative and inflammation systems are extensively involved in the pathogenesis of these disorders. These findings have led to expanded considerations for treatment. Sulforaphane (SFN) is a dietary phytochemical extracted from cruciferous vegetables. It is an effective activator of the transcription factor nuclear erythroid-2 like factor-2, which can upregulate multiple antioxidants and protect neurons against various oxidative damages. On the other hand, it can also significantly reduce inflammatory response to pathological states and decrease the damage caused by the immune response via the nuclear factor-κB pathway and other pathways. In this review, we introduce the biological mechanisms of SFN and the pilot evidence from its clinical trials of major mental disorders, hoping to promote an increase in psychiatric clinical studies of SFN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wensi Zheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolong Li
- Shenzhen R&D Center, Shenzhen Fushan Biotech, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tianhong Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jijun Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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49
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Tang C, Fang Z, Chu D, Zhang L, Tang Y, Zhou J, Fang R, Ying J, Wang F, Zhou Y, Xu C, Wang Q. Pharmacodynamics, Network Pharmacology, and Pharmacokinetics of Chinese Medicine Formula 9002A in the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:849994. [PMID: 35462916 PMCID: PMC9026172 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.849994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a common and serious neurodegenerative disease in the elderly; however, the treatment of AD is still lacking of rational drugs. In this paper, the active constituents and targets of the self-developed Chinese medicine Formula 9002A in the treatment of AD were investigated from three aspects: pharmacodynamics based on cell and animal experiments, network pharmacology analysis, and pharmacokinetic analysis. A total of 124 compounds were screened in Formula 9002A, and four constituents including salidroside, gastrodin, niacinamide, and umbelliferone were screened as potential active components for the treatment of AD by network pharmacology. Among them, salidroside and gastrodin showed higher relevance with AD targets, such as ESR1 and AR. The pharmacokinetic study showed that they could be absorbed and identified in plasma; the half-life and mean residence times of salidroside and gastrodin in plasma were nearly increased 2-fold by the administration of Formula 9002A compared with those by the administration of a monomer, indicating the extended action time of active compounds in vivo. Formula 9002A exerted the efficacy in the treatment of AD mainly by regulating APP, GSK3β, ESR1, and AR targets based on the anti-β-amyloid protein deposition, anti-oxidation and anti-apoptosis pathways. Two genes enriched in Alzheimer’s disease pathway, APP and GSK3β, were further validated. The experiments also demonstrated that Formula 9002A could downregulate APP and GSK3β protein expression in the model mice brain and improved their cognitive ability. In summary, Formula 9002A has the characteristics of multiple targets and multiple pathways in the treatment of AD, and salidroside and gastrodin might be the main active constituents, which could provide a foundation for further research and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlan Tang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- *Correspondence: Chunlan Tang, ; Qinwen Wang,
| | - Zhiling Fang
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Donghui Chu
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Lulu Zhang
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqing Tang
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jinyue Zhou
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Rui Fang
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiaming Ying
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Fang Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yuping Zhou
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Chunshuang Xu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Qinwen Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- *Correspondence: Chunlan Tang, ; Qinwen Wang,
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50
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Lyu JL, Liu YJ, Wen KC, Chiu CY, Lin YH, Chiang HM. Protective Effect of Djulis ( Chenopodium formosanum) Extract against UV- and AGEs-Induced Skin Aging via Alleviating Oxidative Stress and Collagen Degradation. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27072332. [PMID: 35408731 PMCID: PMC9000422 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Skin aging is a complex process involving photoaging and glycation stress, which share some fundamental pathways and have common mediators. They can cause skin damage and collagen degradation by inducing oxidative stress and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Chenopodium formosanum (CF), also known as Djulis, is a traditional cereal in Taiwan. This study investigated the protection mechanisms of CF extract against ultraviolet (UV) radiation and advanced glycation end products (AGEs)-induced stress. The results indicated that CF extract had strong antioxidant and free radical scavenging effects. It could reduce UV-induced intracellular ROS generation and initiate the antioxidant defense system by activating the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling pathway in human skin fibroblasts. CF extract modulated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and transformed growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling pathways to alleviate oxidative stress-induced skin aging. Moreover, the results revealed that CF extract not only promoted collagen synthesis but also improved aging-induced collagen degradation. CF extract attenuated AGEs-induced ROS production and the upregulation of receptor for AGEs (RAGE). The overall results suggest that CF extract provides an effective anti-aging strategy by preventing skin damage from oxidative stress and collagen loss with potent antioxidant, anti-photoaging, and antiglycation activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ling Lyu
- Ph.D. Program for Biotechnology Industry, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; (J.-L.L.); (Y.-J.L.)
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
- Institute of New Drug Development, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jung Liu
- Ph.D. Program for Biotechnology Industry, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; (J.-L.L.); (Y.-J.L.)
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Ching Wen
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
| | - Chen-Yuan Chiu
- Center of Consultation, Center for Drug Evaluation, Taipei 115, Taiwan;
| | - Yung-Hsiang Lin
- Research and Design Center, TCI Co., Ltd., Taipei 114, Taiwan;
| | - Hsiu-Mei Chiang
- Ph.D. Program for Biotechnology Industry, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; (J.-L.L.); (Y.-J.L.)
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-4-2205-3366-5302
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