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Zhu R, Ma X, Wang Z, Hui Q, Wang X, You X. Multisensory training based on an APP for enhanced verbal working memory in older adults. Internet Interv 2024; 38:100767. [PMID: 39258012 PMCID: PMC11382316 DOI: 10.1016/j.invent.2024.100767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
With the increasing aging population, contemporary society faces the imperative to develop approaches that efficiently delay the age-related decline in working memory capacity, which is a critical area within cognitive aging research. Nevertheless, there is insufficient evidence to support the efficacy of verbal working memory training across various sensory modalities (visual, auditory, and audiovisual) in enhancing the verbal working memory capacity of older adults. In this study, 60 healthy older adults (mean age = 67.07 ± 3.79 years, comprising 34 women and 26 men, mean education = 15.55 ± 2.53 years) were randomly assigned to one of four groups: visual verbal working memory (V-VWM) group, auditory verbal working memory (A-VWM) group, visual-auditory verbal working memory (VA-VWM) group, and a control group. The training duration spanned 12 days. We also investigated whether baseline level and education predicted the outcomes. Findings indicated that V-VWM training had a large effect on improving V-VWM task performance (Cohen's d = 1.765), A-VWM training showed a substantial effect on A-VWM task performance (Cohen's d = 1.904), and VA-VWM training demonstrated a significant effect on VA-VWM task performance (Cohen's d = 2.319) over pretest scores in older adults. Enhancements achieved through V-VWM training exhibited near transfer effects, improving performance in both A-VWM and VA-VWM tasks. In contrast, gains from A-VWM training were selectively transferred to the VA-VWM task. Furthermore, VA-VWM training led to improvements not only in V-VWM and A-VWM tasks but also extended to verbal operation span task with a significant 29.7 % increase. However, no significant transfer effects were observed for the DSF and DSB tasks across the three training groups. The maintenance effect of VA-VWM training persisted for two weeks across tasks involving VA-VWM, V-VWM, and A-VWM. The baseline of VWM span score influence the effect of V-VWM training and transfer effect of VA-VWM training. Education level did not predict the training effects of V-VWM, A-VWM, and VA-VWM. These findings highlight the nuanced effects of sensory-specific verbal working memory training in older adults, emphasizing the potential of tailored interventions to enhance specific aspects of cognitive function, while also highlighting the promising applications of mobile device training in enhancing cognitive skills among the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongjuan Zhu
- College of Management, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Xiaoliang Ma
- GEOVIS Earth Technology Co., Ltd., Hefei 230088, China
| | - Ziyu Wang
- School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
| | - Qi Hui
- College of Management, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience of Shaanxi Province, School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Xuqun You
- Key Laboratory for Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience of Shaanxi Province, School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
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Aichele SR. Cognitive reserve as residual variance in cognitive performance: Latent dimensionality, correlates, and dementia prediction. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2024:1-9. [PMID: 39291417 DOI: 10.1017/s1355617724000353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cognitive reserve (CR) is typically operationalized as episodic memory residualized on brain health indices. The dimensionality of more generalized models of CR has rarely been examined. METHODS In a sample of N = 113 dementia-free older adults (ages 62-86 years at MRI scan; 58.4% women), the domain-specific representation of general cognition (COG) before vs. after residualization on brain indices (brain volume loss, cerebral blood flow, white matter hyperintensities) was compared (i.e., COG vs. CR). COG and CR were assessed by 15 tasks spanning five domains: processing speed, verbal memory, visuospatial memory, fluid reasoning, and vocabulary. Measurement invariance and item-construct representation were tested in a series of structural factor analyses. COG and CR were then examined in relation to 22 risk and protective factors and dementia status at time of death. RESULTS Item-factor loadings differed such that CR more strongly emphasized fluid reasoning. More years of education, higher occupational class, more hobbies/interests, and fewer difficulties with personal mobility similarly predicted better COG and CR. Only the sub-domain of visuospatial memory (both before and after residualization) was associated with conversion to dementia by end-of-life (r = -.30; p = .01). CONCLUSIONS Results provide tentative support for the role of fluid reasoning (intelligence) as a potential compensatory factor for age- and/or neuropathology-related reductions in processing speed and memory. Intellectually stimulating work, efforts to preserve personal mobility, and a diversity of hobbies and interests may attenuate age- and/or pathology-related reductions in cognitive functioning prior to dementia onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen R Aichele
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
- Faculty of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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Nagy B, Protzner AB, Czigler B, Gaál ZA. Resting-state neural dynamics changes in older adults with post-COVID syndrome and the modulatory effect of cognitive training and sex. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01324-8. [PMID: 39210163 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01324-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Post-COVID syndrome manifests with numerous neurological and cognitive symptoms, the precise origins of which are still not fully understood. As females and older adults are more susceptible to developing this condition, our study aimed to investigate how post-COVID syndrome alters intrinsic brain dynamics in older adults and whether biological sex and cognitive training might modulate these effects, with a specific focus on older females. The participants, aged between 60 and 75 years, were divided into three experimental groups: healthy old female, post-COVID old female and post-COVID old male. They underwent an adaptive task-switching training protocol. We analysed multiscale entropy and spectral power density of resting-state EEG data collected before and after the training to assess neural signal complexity and oscillatory power, respectively. We found no difference between post-COVID females and males before training, indicating that post-COVID similarly affected both sexes. However, cognitive training was effective only in post-COVID females and not in males, by modulating local neural processing capacity. This improvement was further evidenced by comparing healthy and post-COVID females, wherein the latter group showed increased finer timescale entropy (1-30 ms) and higher frequency band power (11-40 Hz) before training, but these differences disappeared following cognitive training. Our results suggest that in older adults with post-COVID syndrome, there is a pronounced shift from more global to local neural processing, potentially contributing to accelerated neural aging in this condition. However, cognitive training seems to offer a promising intervention method for modulating these changes in brain dynamics, especially among females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boglárka Nagy
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Andrea B Protzner
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Zsófia Anna Gaál
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
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Huynh K, Georgiou-Karistianis N, Lampit A, Siddiqui MN, Stout JC, Jamadar SD. Computerized Cognitive Training Increases Gray Matter Volumes in Huntington's Disease: A Pilot Study. Mov Disord 2024. [PMID: 39120126 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Katharine Huynh
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nellie Georgiou-Karistianis
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Amit Lampit
- Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - M Navyaan Siddiqui
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Julie C Stout
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sharna D Jamadar
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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Deodato M, Granato A, Buoite Stella A, Martini M, Marchetti E, Lise I, Galmonte A, Murena L, Manganotti P. Efficacy of a dual task protocol on neurophysiological and clinical outcomes in migraine: a randomized control trial. Neurol Sci 2024; 45:4015-4026. [PMID: 38806882 PMCID: PMC11255006 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-024-07611-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
The main aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of a dual task protocol in people with episodic migraine with respect to both active exercises only and cognitive task only treatments, concerning some neurophysiological and clinical outcomes. A randomized control trial was adopted in people with episodic migraine without aura. Some neurophysiological and clinical outcomes were collected (t0): resting motor threshold (rMT), short intracortical inhibition (SICI) and facilitation (ICF), pressure pain threshold (PPT), trail making test (TMT), frontal assessment battery (FAB), headache-related disability (MIDAS) and headache parameters. Then, participants were randomized into three groups: active exercise only (n = 10), cognitive task only (n = 10) and dual task protocol (n = 10). After 3 months of each treatment and after 1-month follow-up the same neurophysiological and clinical outcomes were revaluated. A significant time x group effect was only found for the trapezius muscle (p = 0.012, pη2 = 0.210), suggesting that PPT increased significantly only in active exercise and dual task protocol groups. A significant time effect was found for rMT (p < 0.001, pη2 = 0.473), MIDAS (p < 0.001, pη2 = 0.426), TMT (p < 0.001, pη2 = 0.338) and FAB (p < 0.001, pη2 = 0.462). A repeated measures ANOVA for SICI at 3 ms highlighted a statistically significant time effect for the dual task group (p < 0.001, pη2 = 0.629), but not for the active exercises group (p = 0.565, pη2 = 0.061), and for the cognitive training (p = 0.357, pη2 = 0.108). The dual task protocol seems to have a more evident effect on both habituation and sensitization outcomes than the two monotherapies taken alone in people with migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Deodato
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
- Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina, Via Pascoli 31, 34100, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Antonio Granato
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina, Via Pascoli 31, 34100, Trieste, Italy
| | - Alex Buoite Stella
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina, Strada Di Fiume 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Miriam Martini
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina, Via Pascoli 31, 34100, Trieste, Italy
| | - Enrico Marchetti
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Ilaria Lise
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessandra Galmonte
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Luigi Murena
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina, Via Pascoli 31, 34100, Trieste, Italy
| | - Paolo Manganotti
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina, Via Pascoli 31, 34100, Trieste, Italy
- Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina, Strada Di Fiume 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy
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Zhang H, Fan S, Yang J, Yi J, Guan L, He H, Zhang X, Luo Y, Guan Q. Attention control training and transfer effects on cognitive tasks. Neuropsychologia 2024; 200:108910. [PMID: 38777117 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2024.108910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Attention control is the common element underlying different executive functions. The backward Masking Majority Function Task (MFT-M) requires intensive attention control, and represents a diverse situation where attentional resources need to be allocated dynamically and flexibly to reduce uncertainty. Aiming to train attention control using MFT-M and examine the training transfer effects in various executive functions, we recruited healthy young adults (n = 84) and then equally randomized them into two groups trained with either MFT-M or a sham program for seven consecutive days. Cognitive evaluations were conducted before and after the training, and the electroencephalograph (EEG) signals were recorded for the revised Attention Network Test (ANT-R), N-back, and Task-switching (TS) tasks. Compared to the control group, the training group performed better on the congruent condition of Flanker and the double-congruency condition of Flanker and Location in the ANT-R task, and on the learning trials in the verbal memory test. The training group also showed a larger P2 amplitude decrease and P3 amplitude increase in the 2-back task and a larger P3 amplitude increase in the TS task's repeat condition than the control group, indicating improved neural efficiency in two tasks' attentional processes. Introversion moderated the transfer effects of training, as indicated by the significant group*introversion interactions on the post-training 1-back efficiency and TS switching cost. Our results suggested that attention control training with the MFT-M showed a broad transfer scope, and the transfer effect was influenced by the form of training task. Introversion facilitated the transfer to working memory and hindered the transfer to flexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haobo Zhang
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
| | - Shaoxia Fan
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Jing Yang
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Jing Yi
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Lizhen Guan
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Hao He
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Xingxing Zhang
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Yuejia Luo
- Department of Applied Psychology, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, 266113, China
| | - Qing Guan
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China; Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen, 518060, China
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Lee HK, Basak C, Grant SJ, Ray NR, Skolasinska PA, Oehler C, Qin S, Sun A, Smith ET, Sherard GH, Rivera-Dompenciel A, Merzenich M, Voss MW. The Effects of Computerized Cognitive Training in Older Adults' Cognitive Performance and Biomarkers of Structural Brain Aging. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2024; 79:gbae075. [PMID: 38686621 PMCID: PMC11165429 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbae075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cognitive training (CT) has been investigated as a means of delaying age-related cognitive decline in older adults. However, its impact on biomarkers of age-related structural brain atrophy has rarely been investigated, leading to a gap in our understanding of the linkage between improvements in cognition and brain plasticity. This study aimed to explore the impact of CT on cognitive performance and brain structure in older adults. METHODS One hundred twenty-four cognitively normal older adults recruited from 2 study sites were randomly assigned to either an adaptive CT (n = 60) or a casual game training (active control, AC, n = 64). RESULTS After 10 weeks of training, CT participants showed greater improvements in the overall cognitive composite score (Cohen's d = 0.66, p < .01) with nonsignificant benefits after 6 months from the completion of training (Cohen's d = 0.36, p = .094). The CT group showed significant maintenance of the caudate volume as well as significant maintained fractional anisotropy in the left internal capsule and in left superior longitudinal fasciculus compared to the AC group. The AC group displayed an age-related decrease in these metrics of brain structure. DISCUSSION Results from this multisite clinical trial demonstrate that the CT intervention improves cognitive performance and helps maintain caudate volume and integrity of white matter regions that are associated with cognitive control, adding to our understanding of the changes in brain structure contributing to changes in cognitive performance from adaptive CT. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT03197454.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Kyu Lee
- Department of Research and Development, Posit Science Corporation, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Sarah-Jane Grant
- Department of Research and Development, Posit Science Corporation, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Nicholas R Ray
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | | | - Chris Oehler
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Shuo Qin
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Andrew Sun
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Evan T Smith
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - G Hulon Sherard
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | | | - Mike Merzenich
- Department of Research and Development, Posit Science Corporation, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Michelle W Voss
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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Ophey A, Röttgen S, Pauquet J, Weiß KL, Scharfenberg D, Doppler CEJ, Seger A, Hansen C, Fink GR, Sommerauer M, Kalbe E. Cognitive training and promoting a healthy lifestyle for individuals with isolated REM sleep behavior disorder: study protocol of the delayed-start randomized controlled trial CogTrAiL-RBD. Trials 2024; 25:428. [PMID: 38943191 PMCID: PMC11214208 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-024-08265-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Isolated REM sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) is an early α-synucleinopathy often accompanied by incipient cognitive impairment. As executive dysfunctions predict earlier phenotypic conversion from iRBD to Parkinson's disease and Lewy body dementia, cognitive training focusing on executive functions could have disease-modifying effects for individuals with iRBD. METHODS The study CogTrAiL-RBD investigates the short- and long-term effectiveness and the feasibility and underlying neural mechanisms of a cognitive training intervention for individuals with iRBD. The intervention consists of a 5-week digital cognitive training accompanied by a module promoting a healthy, active lifestyle. In this monocentric, single-blinded, delayed-start randomized controlled trial, the intervention's effectiveness will be evaluated compared to an initially passive control group that receives the intervention in the second, open-label phase of the study. Eighty individuals with iRBD confirmed by polysomnography will be consecutively recruited from the continuously expanding iRBD cohort at the University Hospital Cologne. The evaluation will focus on cognition and additional neuropsychological and motor variables. Furthermore, the study will examine the feasibility of the intervention, effects on physical activity assessed by accelerometry, and interrogate the intervention's neural effects using magnetic resonance imaging and polysomnography. Besides, a healthy, age-matched control group (HC) will be examined at the first assessment time point, enabling a cross-sectional comparison between individuals with iRBD and HC. DISCUSSION This study will provide insights into whether cognitive training and psychoeducation on a healthy, active lifestyle have short- and long-term (neuro-)protective effects for individuals with iRBD. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was prospectively registered in the German Clinical Trial Register (DRKS00024898) on 2022-03-11, https://drks.de/search/de/trial/DRKS00024898 . PROTOCOL VERSION V5 2023-04-24.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Ophey
- Department of Medical Psychology | Neuropsychology and Gender Studies, Center for Neuropsychological Diagnostics and Intervention (CeNDI), University Hospital Cologne and Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
| | - Sinah Röttgen
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne and Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Julia Pauquet
- Department of Medical Psychology | Neuropsychology and Gender Studies, Center for Neuropsychological Diagnostics and Intervention (CeNDI), University Hospital Cologne and Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kim-Lara Weiß
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne and Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Daniel Scharfenberg
- Department of Medical Psychology | Neuropsychology and Gender Studies, Center for Neuropsychological Diagnostics and Intervention (CeNDI), University Hospital Cologne and Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christopher E J Doppler
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne and Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Aline Seger
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne and Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Clint Hansen
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Gereon R Fink
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne and Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Sommerauer
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne and Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center of Neurology, Department of Parkinson, Sleep and Movement Disorders, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Elke Kalbe
- Department of Medical Psychology | Neuropsychology and Gender Studies, Center for Neuropsychological Diagnostics and Intervention (CeNDI), University Hospital Cologne and Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Savarimuthu A, Ponniah RJ. Cognition and Cognitive Reserve. Integr Psychol Behav Sci 2024; 58:483-501. [PMID: 38279076 DOI: 10.1007/s12124-024-09821-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Cognition is a mental process that provides the ability to think, know, and learn. Though cognitive skills are necessary to do daily tasks and activities, cognitive aging causes changes in various cognitive functions. Cognitive abilities that are preserved and strengthened by experience can be kept as a reserve and utilized when necessary. The concept of reserving cognition was found when people with Alzheimer's disease had differences in clinical manifestations and cognitive functions. The cognitive reserve builds resilience against cognitive decline and improves the quality of life. Also, several lines of studies have found that the plasticity between neurons has a significant impact on cognitive reserve and acts against cognitive decline. To extend the findings, the present study provides a comprehensive understanding of cognitive reserve and the variables that are involved in maintaining cognition. The study also considers reading as one of the cognitive proxies that develops and maintains cognitive reserve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anisha Savarimuthu
- Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, India
- Department of English, PSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, India
| | - R Joseph Ponniah
- Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, India.
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Jacobs S, Izzetoglu M, Holtzer R. The impact of music making on neural efficiency & dual-task walking performance in healthy older adults. NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENT, AND COGNITION. SECTION B, AGING, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITION 2024; 31:438-456. [PMID: 36999570 PMCID: PMC10544664 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2023.2195615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
Music making is linked to improved cognition and related neuroanatomical changes in children and adults; however, this has been relatively under-studied in aging. The purpose of this study was to assess neural, cognitive, and physical correlates of music making in aging using a dual-task walking (DTW) paradigm. Study participants (N = 415) were healthy adults aged 65 years or older, including musicians (n = 70) who were identified by current weekly engagement in musical activity. A DTW paradigm consisting of single- and dual-task conditions, as well as portable neuroimaging (functional near-infrared spectroscopy), was administered. Outcome measures included neural activation in the prefrontal cortex assessed across task conditions by recording changes in oxygenated hemoglobin, cognitive performance, and gait velocity. Linear mixed effects models examined the impact of music making on outcome measures in addition to moderating their change between task conditions. Across participants (53.3% women; 76 ± 6.55 years), neural activation increased from single- to dual-task conditions (p < 0.001); however, musicians demonstrated attenuated activation between a single cognitive interference task and dual-task walking (p = 0.014). Musicians also displayed significantly smaller decline in behavioral performance (p < 0.001) from single- to dual-task conditions and faster gait overall (p = 0.014). Given evidence of lower prefrontal cortex activation in the context of similar or improved behavioral performance, results indicate the presence of enhanced neural efficiency in older adult musicians. Furthermore, improved dual-task performance in older adult musicians was observed. Results have important clinical implications for healthy aging, as executive functioning plays an essential role in maintaining functional ability in older adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney Jacobs
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Meltem Izzetoglu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Villanova University, Villanova, PA, USA
| | - Roee Holtzer
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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Seok JW, Kim G, Kim JU. Comparative efficacy of seven nonpharmacological interventions on global cognition in older adults with and without mild cognitive impairment: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8402. [PMID: 38600212 PMCID: PMC11006946 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58232-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
To maintain current cognitive function and access greater cognitive reserves, nonpharmacological interventions may be a viable alternative for older adults with or without cognitive impairment. This study aimed to compare different nonpharmacological interventions for enhancing global cognition, including mind-body exercise, physical exercise, non-invasive brain stimulation, cognitive training intervention (CTI), acutherapy (ACU), meditation, and music therapy, by applying a network meta-analysis (NMA). Sixty-one randomized controlled trials evaluating the efficacy of interventions on global cognition in older adults with or without mild cognitive decline were selected. An NMA was conducted to compare the efficacy of different nonpharmacological interventions. The NMA revealed that mind-body exercise (standardized mean difference, 1.384; 95% confidence interval, 0.777-1.992); ACU (1.283; 0.478-2.088); meditation (0.910; 0.097-1.724); non-invasive brain stimulation (1.242; 0.254-2.230); CTI (1.269; 0.736-1.802); and physical exercise (0.977; 0.212-1.742), showed positive effects compared to passive controls. There were no significant differences between the efficacies of other interventions. Nonpharmacological interventions may potentially enhance and maintain global cognition through various pathways, such as memorizing movements and enhancing brain plasticity by reducing stress in the older adult population. Additional studies are needed to clarify the impact of other variables, including intervention methods or psychological variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Woo Seok
- Digital Health Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672, Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Gahye Kim
- Digital Health Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672, Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeuk U Kim
- Digital Health Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672, Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea.
- KM Convergence Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea.
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Rose Sin Yi L, Jing Jing S, Hammoda AO, Jonathan B, Ladislav B, Jing Q. Effects of virtual reality-based cognitive interventions on cognitive function and activity of daily living among stroke patients: Systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Nurs 2024; 33:1169-1184. [PMID: 38234275 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
AIMS To examine the effects of virtual reality-based cognitive interventions on cognitive function and activities of daily living among stroke patients, and to identify the optimal design for such intervention. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane, CINANL, JBI-EBP and Web of Science from inception to October 2023. METHODS Methodological quality was assessed by Risk of Bias Tool. Meta-analyses were assessed by Review Manager 5.4. Subgroup analyses were conducted to explore the influence of study design. Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach was adopted to assess the certainty of evidence. RESULTS Twenty-five randomized controlled trials (1178 participants) were included. Virtual reality-based cognitive interventions demonstrated moderate-to-large effects in improving global cognitive function (SMD = 0.43; 95% CI [0.01, 0.85]), executive function (SMD = 0.84; 95% CI [0.25, 1.43]) and memory (SMD = 0.65; 95% CI [0.15, 1.16]) compared to control treatments. No significant effects were found on language, visuospatial ability and activities of daily living. Subgroup analyses indicated one-on-one coaching, individualized design and dynamic difficulty adjustment, and interventions lasting ≥ 6 weeks had particularly enhanced effects, especially for executive function. CONCLUSIONS Virtual reality-based cognitive interventions improve global cognitive function, executive function and memory among stroke patients. IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PATIENT CARE This review underscores the broad cognitive advantages offered by virtual technology, suggesting its potential integration into standard stroke rehabilitation protocols for enhanced cognitive recovery. IMPACT The study identifies key factors in virtual technology interventions that effectively improve cognitive function among stroke patients, offering healthcare providers a framework for leveraging such technology to optimize cognitive outcomes in stroke rehabilitation. REPORTING METHOD PRISMA 2020 statement. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42022342668.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Rose Sin Yi
- School of Nursing, Elaine C. Hubbard Center for Nursing Research on Aging, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Su Jing Jing
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
| | - Abu-Odah Hammoda
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
| | - Bayuo Jonathan
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
| | - Batalik Ladislav
- Department of Rehabilitation, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Qin Jing
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
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Rodas JA, Asimakopoulou AA, Greene CM. Can we enhance working memory? Bias and effectiveness in cognitive training studies. Psychon Bull Rev 2024:10.3758/s13423-024-02466-8. [PMID: 38366265 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-024-02466-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Meta-analyses have found that working memory (WM) can be improved with cognitive training; however, some authors have suggested that these improvements are mostly driven by biases in the measurement of WM, especially the use of similar tasks for assessment and training. In the present meta-analysis, we investigated whether WM, fluid intelligence, executive functions, and short-term memory can be improved by cognitive training and evaluated the impact of possible sources of bias. We performed a risk of bias assessment of the included studies and took special care in controlling for practice effects. Data from 52 independent comparisons were analyzed, including cognitive training aimed at different cognitive functions. Our results show small improvements in WM after training (SMD = 0.18). Much larger effects were observed when the analysis was restricted to assessment tasks similar to those used for training (SMD = 1.15). Fluid intelligence was not found to improve as a result of training, and improvements in WM were not related to changes in fluid intelligence. Our analyses did however indicate that cognitive training can improve specific executive functions. Contrary to expectations, a set of meta-regressions indicated that characteristics of the training programme, such as dosage and type of training, do not have an impact on the effectiveness of training. The risk of bias assessment revealed some concerns in the randomization process and possible selective reporting among studies. Overall, our results identified various potential sources of bias, with the most significant being the choice of assessment tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose A Rodas
- Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Samborondón, Ecuador.
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | | | - Ciara M Greene
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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14
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Wang P, Li HJ. Acceptability Assessment of an Executive Function Training Game FISHERMAN for Older Adults. Games Health J 2024; 13:25-32. [PMID: 37768848 DOI: 10.1089/g4h.2022.0177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: In recent years, an increasing number of gamification tools have been developed for older adults; however, few studies have explored the acceptability of these tools after initial use and sustained use in older adults. In the current study, we focus on "FISHERMAN," an executive function training game containing a cognitive game and an exergame, with the aim of investigating and comparing the acceptability of both versions of "FISHERMAN" after initial use and 3 months of sustained use in older adults. Materials and Methods: Seventy-six older adults were randomly assigned to the cognitive game training group or the exergame training group. Participants completed two 1-hour sessions per week for 12 weeks. Acceptability was evaluated through a validated, 7-point, self-rating, Interactive Technology Art Installation Technology Acceptance Model Questionnaire after the first and last training sessions, with higher ratings representing higher acceptability. The questionnaire included 22 items and 9 acceptability dimensions: usage behavior, intention to use, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, perceived playfulness, subjective norm, image, output quality, and result demonstrability. Descriptive statistics were conducted to evaluate acceptability after initial and sustained use. Two-way (time: initial use and sustained use; group: cognitive game group and exergame group) repeated ANOVAs were conducted to investigate the differences in acceptability. Post hoc, within-group, paired-sample t test analyses were performed to evaluate changes in game acceptability for each group over time. Results: After initial use and 3 months of sustained use, the average scores for overall acceptability and individual dimensions exceeded 5.5 of 7 points in both groups. The two groups presented different changes from initial use to sustained use. The overall acceptability, usage behavior, perceived usefulness, and perceived ease of use were significantly improved after training within the cognitive game group, while perceived playfulness was significantly reduced within the exergame group. Conclusions: The current study provided preliminary evidence that older adults had high acceptability for both the cognitive game and exergame versions of "FISHERMAN." After sustained use, acceptability of the cognitive game increased and acceptability of the exergame decreased, highlighting the importance of assessing game acceptability after initial and sustained use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hui-Jie Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Otero P, Cotardo T, Blanco V, Torres ÁJ, Simón MA, Bueno AM, Vázquez FL. A randomized controlled pilot study of a cognitive-behavioral video game intervention for the promotion of active aging. Digit Health 2024; 10:20552076241233139. [PMID: 38384369 PMCID: PMC10880542 DOI: 10.1177/20552076241233139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Due to the accessibility barriers of in-person programs for active aging, the development of programs that use innovative technologies is needed. Video games can be an engaging tool for disseminating active aging interventions. Objective The objective of this pilot study was to analyze the feasibility of a cognitive-behavioral intervention to promote active aging administered through a video game. Methods Fifty-five participants (63.6% women, mean age = 53.0 years) were randomly assigned to a cognitive-behavioral intervention to promote active aging administered through an interactive multimedia online video game with a complementary app (CBI-V; n = 29) or to a control group that received nonspecific online information (CG; n = 26). Results Only 3.6% of the participants dropped out of the study (6.9% in CBI-V and 0.0% in CG; without significant differences between groups). The mean number of modules completed was 7.6 (SD = 0.9) out of 8 in the CBI-V and 7.9 (SD = 0.5) in the control group (CG), without significant between-group differences. In the CBI-V, the mean total time dedicated to the game was 516.8 min (SD = 94.3), including 143.2 min (SD = 31.6) of cognitive training tasks, and the mean of completed tasks was 206.2 (SD = 33.7) out of 259. Participants were highly engaged (M = 39.9, SD = 8.6) and satisfied (M = 25.8, SD = 4.5) with the intervention. After the intervention, the CBI-V group significantly improved on SF-36 dimensions of General Health (p = .0386), Vitality (p = .0283), Social Functioning (p = .0130), and Physical Summary Index (p = .0370) compared to the CG, with medium effect sizes (d = 0.56-0.75). Conclusions The results demonstrate the feasibility of the video game intervention to promote active aging and encourage conducting a large-scale randomized controlled trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Otero
- Department of Psychology, University of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Tania Cotardo
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Vanessa Blanco
- Department of Evolutionary and Educational Psychology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ángela J. Torres
- Department of Psychiatry, Radiology, Public Health, Nursing and Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Simón
- Department of Psychology, University of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Ana M. Bueno
- Department of Psychology, University of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Fernando L. Vázquez
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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16
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Tortora C, Di Crosta A, La Malva P, Prete G, Ceccato I, Mammarella N, Di Domenico A, Palumbo R. Virtual reality and cognitive rehabilitation for older adults with mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 93:102146. [PMID: 38036103 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Virtual Reality (VR) has been gaining increasing attention as a potential ecological and effective intervention system for treating Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). However, it remains unclear the efficacy and effectiveness of VR-based cognitive rehabilitation therapy (VR-CRT) in comparison with cognitive rehabilitation therapy (CRT). Consequently, a systematic review on Pubmed, Scopus, PsycInfo, and Web Of Science was conducted to assess the state of the art of the literature published between 2003 and April 2023. Only articles that adopted CRT as control group and that included some measure of at least one domain among overall cognitive function, executive function and functional status were included. Participants needed to be older adults aged 65 or over with a diagnosis of MCI. The risk of bias and the quality of evidence were assessed using the Version 2 of the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials. Initially, 6503 records were considered and screened after removing duplicates (n = 1321). Subsequently, 81 full texts were assessed for eligibility. Four articles met the inclusion criteria but 2 of them were merged as they were describing different outcomes of the same research project. Consequently, 3 overall studies with a total of 130 participants were included in the final analysis. Due to the high heterogeneity in the methodology and outcome measures employed, it was not possible to conduct a meta-analysis. Included studies used semi-immersive (k = 2) and full-immersive (k = 1) VR systems in their research. Two articles evaluated overall cognitive function through the MoCA together with specific tests for executive functions (n = 69), while one study adopted a comprehensive neuropsychological battery to evaluate both cognitive function and executive function (n = 61). Finally, one study evaluated functional status through instrumental activities of daily living (n = 34). A However, the limited number of studies, the small sample size, and the potential issues with the quality and methodology of these studies that emerged from the risk of bias assessment may raise doubts about the reliability of their results. Nevertheless, although scarce, results of the present review suggest that VR-CRT may be paramount in treating MCI for its additional ecological and adaptive advantages, as all of the studies highlighted that it was at least as effective as conventional CRT for all the outcome measures. Therefore, more rigorous research that compares VR-CRT and CRT is needed to understand the degree to which VR-CRT is effective with older adults with MCI and the potential role of immersion to influence its efficacy. Indeed, these preliminary findings highlight the need for the development of standardized VR protocols, as the integration of such technology into clinical practice may help improve the quality of life and cognitive outcomes for this growing demographic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Tortora
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti, Italy
| | - Adolfo Di Crosta
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti, Italy; Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Pasquale La Malva
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti, Italy
| | - Giulia Prete
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti, Italy
| | - Irene Ceccato
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti, Italy
| | - Nicola Mammarella
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti, Italy
| | - Alberto Di Domenico
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti, Italy
| | - Rocco Palumbo
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti, Italy
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17
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Gao H, Zhang Y, Luo D, Xu J, Tan S, Li Y, Qi W, Zhai Q, Wang Q. Activation of the Hippocampal DRD2 Alleviates Neuroinflammation, Synaptic Plasticity Damage and Cognitive Impairment After Sleep Deprivation. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:7208-7221. [PMID: 37543530 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03514-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Sleep loss is commonplace nowadays and profoundly impacts cognition. Dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) makes a specific contribution to cognition, although the precise mechanism underlying how DRD2 affects the cognitive process after sleep deprivation remains unclear. Herein, we observed cognitive impairment and impaired synaptic plasticity, including downregulation of synaptophysin and PSD95, decreased postsynaptic density thickness, neuron complexity, and spine density in chronic sleep restriction (CSR) mice. We also observed downregulated hippocampal DRD2 and Cryab expression in the CSR mice. Meanwhile, NF-κB translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus occurred, indicating that neuroinflammation ensued. However, hippocampal delivery of the DRD2 agonist quinpirole effectively rescued these changes. In vitro, quinpirole treatment significantly decreased the release of proinflammatory cytokines in microglial supernatant, indicating a potential anti-neuroinflammatory effect of Drd2/Cryab/NF-κB in CSR mice. Our study provided the evidence that activation of the Drd2 may relieve neuroinflammation and improve sleep deprivation-induced cognitive deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Gao
- Department of Anaesthesiology & Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Yan'an University Affiliated Hospital, Yan'an, 716000, China
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- Department of Anaesthesiology & Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200434, China
| | - Danlei Luo
- Department of Anaesthesiology & Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Anaesthesiology & Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Shuwen Tan
- Department of Anaesthesiology & Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Ying Li
- Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Wanling Qi
- Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Qian Zhai
- Department of Anaesthesiology & Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Anaesthesiology & Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.
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Butz M, Gerriets T, Sammer G, El-Shazly J, Tschernatsch M, Braun T, Meyer R, Schramm P, Doeppner TR, Böning A, Mengden T, Choi YH, Schönburg M, Juenemann M. Twelve-month follow-up effects of cognitive training after heart valve surgery on cognitive functions and health-related quality of life: a randomised clinical trial. Open Heart 2023; 10:e002411. [PMID: 38011994 PMCID: PMC10685926 DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2023-002411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Postoperative cognitive decline (POCD) or decreased health-related quality of life (HQL) have been reported after cardiac surgery. A previous investigation showed beneficial effects of postoperative cognitive training on POCD and HQL 3 months after heart surgery. Here, we present the 12-month follow-up results. METHODS This bicentric, 1:1 randomised and treatment-as-usual controlled trial included elderly patients scheduled for elective heart valve surgery. The training consisted of paper-and-pencil-based exercises practising multiple cognitive functions for 36 min/day 6 days/week over a period of 3 weeks. Neuropsychological tests and questionnaires assessing HQL (36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36)) and cognitive failures in daily living (Cognitive Failures Questionnaire) were performed presurgery and 12 months after training. RESULTS Twelve months post training, the training group (n=30) showed improvements in HQL compared with the control group (n=28), especially in role limitations due to physical health (U=-2.447, p=0.015, η2=0.109), role limitations due to emotional problems (U=-2.245, p=0.025, η2=0.092), pain (U=-1.979, p=0.049, η2=0.068), average of all SF-36 factors (U=-3.237, p<0.001, η2=0.181), health change from the past year to the present time (U=-2.091, p=0.037, η2=0.075), physical component summary (U=-2.803, p=0.005, η2=0.138), and mental component summary (U=-2.350, p=0.018, η2=0.095). Furthermore, the training group (n=19) showed an improvement compared with the control group (n=27) in visual recognition memory (U=-2.137, p=0.034, η2=0.099). POCD frequency was 22% (n=6) in the control group and 11% (n=2) in the training group (χ²(1) =1.06, p=0.440; OR=2.43, 95% CI 0.43 to 13.61). CONCLUSION In conclusion, postoperative cognitive training shows enhancing effects on HQL in cardiac surgery patients after 12 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Butz
- Heart and Brain Research Group, Kerckhoff Clinic, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Giessen and Marburg Campus Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Tibo Gerriets
- Heart and Brain Research Group, Kerckhoff Clinic, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Giessen and Marburg Campus Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Gebhard Sammer
- Heart and Brain Research Group, Kerckhoff Clinic, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Department of Psychology, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jasmin El-Shazly
- Department of Psychocardiology, Kerckhoff Clinic, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Marlene Tschernatsch
- Heart and Brain Research Group, Kerckhoff Clinic, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Giessen and Marburg Campus Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Tobias Braun
- Heart and Brain Research Group, Kerckhoff Clinic, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Giessen and Marburg Campus Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Rolf Meyer
- Heart and Brain Research Group, Kerckhoff Clinic, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Patrick Schramm
- Heart and Brain Research Group, Kerckhoff Clinic, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Giessen and Marburg Campus Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Thorsten R Doeppner
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Giessen and Marburg Campus Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Andreas Böning
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospitals Giessen and Marburg Campus Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Thomas Mengden
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kerckhoff Clinic, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Yeong-Hoon Choi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Kerckhoff Clinic, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Markus Schönburg
- Heart and Brain Research Group, Kerckhoff Clinic, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Kerckhoff Clinic, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Martin Juenemann
- Heart and Brain Research Group, Kerckhoff Clinic, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Giessen and Marburg Campus Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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Lee SA, Kim JY, Park JH. Feasibility of Virtual Shopping Budget-Management Training on Executive Functions in Healthy Young Adults: A Pilot Study. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1573. [PMID: 38002533 PMCID: PMC10669887 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13111573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, budget management in virtual shopping training has not been given much importance. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of virtual shopping budget-management training on executive functions and brain activation. Sixteen participants were randomly assigned to the experimental group that received virtual shopping budget-management training or the waitlist control group for a total of 16 sessions. To examine the effects of virtual shopping budget-management training on brain activation, HbO2 was measured in the prefrontal cortex via functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) during the Trail Making Test Part B (TMT-B) and Stroop test. Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used to compare outcomes between and within the two groups. The virtual shopping budget-management training showed no significant difference in all outcomes between both groups (p > 0.05). No significant differences were observed in HbO2 levels during both TMT-B (p > 0.05) and the Stroop test (p > 0.05). However, in the pre-post comparisons, there was a significant difference in the TMT-B (p < 0.05) and Stroop test (p < 0.05) in the experimental group. In this study, although we did not find a distinct advantage in training, it confirmed its potential for clinical benefits in healthy young adults through training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-An Lee
- Department of ICT Convergence, The Graduate School, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea; (S.-A.L.); (J.-Y.K.)
| | - Ji-Yea Kim
- Department of ICT Convergence, The Graduate School, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea; (S.-A.L.); (J.-Y.K.)
| | - Jin-Hyuck Park
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea
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20
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Tarasova I, Trubnikova O, Kukhareva I, Syrova I, Sosnina A, Kupriyanova D, Barbarash O. A Comparison of Two Multi-Tasking Approaches to Cognitive Training in Cardiac Surgery Patients. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2823. [PMID: 37893196 PMCID: PMC10604887 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The multi-tasking approach may be promising for cognitive rehabilitation in cardiac surgery patients due to a significant effect on attentional and executive functions. This study aimed to compare the neuropsychological changes in patients who have undergone two variants of multi-tasking training and a control group in the early postoperative period of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). METHODS One hundred and ten CABG patients were divided into three groups: cognitive training (CT) I (a postural balance task with mental arithmetic, verbal fluency, and divergent tasks) (n = 30), CT II (a simple visual-motor reaction with mental arithmetic, verbal fluency, and divergent tasks) (n = 40), and control (n = 40). RESULTS Two or more cognitive indicators improved in 93.3% of CT I patients, in 72.5% of CT II patients, and in 62.5% of control patients; CT I patients differed from CT II and control (p = 0.04 and p = 0.008, respectively). The improving short-term memory and attention was found more frequently in the CT I group as compared to control (56.7% vs. 15%; p = 0.0005). The cognitive improvement of all domains (psychomotor and executive functions, attention, and short-term memory) was also revealed in CT I patients more frequently than CT II (46.7% vs. 20%; p = 0.02) and control (46.7% vs. 5%; p = 0.0005). CONCLUSIONS The CT I multi-tasking training was more effective at improving the cognitive performance in cardiac surgery patients as compared to CT II training and standard post-surgery management. The findings of this study will be helpful for future studies involving multi-tasking training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Tarasova
- Department of Clinical Cardiology, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Sosnovy Blvd., 6, 650002 Kemerovo, Russia; (O.T.); (I.S.)
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Ngetich R, Burleigh TL, Czakó A, Vékony T, Németh D, Demetrovics Z. Working memory performance in disordered gambling and gaming: A systematic review. Compr Psychiatry 2023; 126:152408. [PMID: 37573802 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2023.152408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Converging evidence supports that gaming and gambling disorders are associated with executive dysfunction. The involvement of different components of executive functions (EF) in these forms of behavioural addiction is unclear. AIM In a systematic review, we aim to uncover the association between working memory (WM), a crucial component of EF, and disordered gaming and gambling. Note that, in the context of this review, gaming has been used synonymously with video gaming. METHODS Adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), we systematically searched for studies published from 2012 onwards. RESULTS The search yielded 6081 records after removing duplicates, from which 17 peer-reviewed journal articles were eligible for inclusion. The association between WM and problem or disordered gaming and gambling have been categorized separately to observe possible differences. Essentially, problem gaming or gambling, compared to disorder, presents lesser severity and clinical significance. The results demonstrate reduced auditory-verbal WM in individuals with gambling disorder. Decreased WM capacity was also associated with problem gambling, with a correlation between problem gambling severity and decreased WM capacity. Similarly, gaming disorder was associated with decreased WM. Specifically, gaming disorder patients had lower WM capacity than the healthy controls. CONCLUSION Working memory seems to be a significant predictor of gambling and gaming disorders. Therefore, holistic treatment approaches that incorporate cognitive techniques that could enhance working memory may significantly boost gambling and gaming disorders treatment success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Ngetich
- Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar, Gibraltar
| | - Tyrone L Burleigh
- Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar, Gibraltar
| | - Andrea Czakó
- Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar, Gibraltar; Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Teodóra Vékony
- INSERM, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon CRNL U1028 UMR5292, Bron, France
| | - Dezso Németh
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary; INSERM, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon CRNL U1028 UMR5292, Bron, France; Brain, Memory and Language Research Group, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Demetrovics
- Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar, Gibraltar; Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
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Bang M, Jang CW, Kim HS, Park JH, Cho HE. Mobile applications for cognitive training: Content analysis and quality review. Internet Interv 2023; 33:100632. [PMID: 37312799 PMCID: PMC10258500 DOI: 10.1016/j.invent.2023.100632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background As the number of individuals suffering from cognitive diseases continues to rise, dealing with the diminished cognitive function that comes with age has become a serious public health concern. While the use of mobile applications (apps) as digital treatments for cognitive training shows promise, the analysis of their content and quality remains unclear. Objective The aim of this study was to systematically search and assess cognitive training apps using the multidimensional mobile app rating scale (MARS) to rate objective quality and identify critical points. Methods A search was conducted on the Google Play Store and Apple App Store in February 2022 using the terms "cognitive training" and "cognitive rehabilitation." The cognitive domains provided by each app were analyzed, and the frequency and percentage according to the apps were obtained. The MARS, a mHealth app quality rating tool including multidimensional measures, was used to analyze the quality of the apps. The relationship between the MARS score, the number of reviews, and 5-star ratings were examined. Results Of the 53 apps, 52 (98 %) included memory function, 48 (91 %) included attention function, 24 (45 %) included executive function, and 19 (36 %) included visuospatial function. The mean (SD) scores of MARS, 5-star ratings, and reviews of 53 apps were 3.09 (0.61), 4.33 (0.30), and 62,415.43 (121,578.77). From the between-section comparison, engagement (mean 2.97, SD 0.68) obtained lower scores than functionality (mean 3.18, SD 0.62), aesthetics (mean 3.13, SD 0.72), and information (mean 3.11, SD 0.54). The mean quality score and reviews showed a statistically significant association (r = 0.447 and P = .001*). As the number of domains increased, the mean quality score showed a statistically significant increasing trend (P = .002*). Conclusions Most apps provided training for the memory and attention domains, but few apps included executive function or visuospatial domains. The quality of the apps improved significantly when more domains were provided, and was positively associated with the number of reviews received. These results could be useful for the future development of mobile apps for cognitive training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myeonghwan Bang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Yonsei University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Woong Jang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Rehabilitation Institute of Neuromuscular Disease, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung Seop Kim
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hyun Park
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Yonsei University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Rehabilitation Institute of Neuromuscular Disease, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Device Engineering and Management, Yonsei University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
| | - Han Eol Cho
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Rehabilitation Institute of Neuromuscular Disease, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Huang J, Li R, Zhu H, Huang D, Li W, Wang J, Liu Z. Association between serum globulin and cognitive impairment in older American adults. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1193993. [PMID: 37670828 PMCID: PMC10476522 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1193993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Cognitive impairment is on the rise around the world, with profound economic and social consequences. Serum globulin, a marker of liver function, may also play a role in cognitive function. Unfortunately, no consistent conclusion exists regarding the association between serum globulin and cognitive function. Methods Data from the 2011 to 2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used to assess the association between serum globulin and cognitive impairment. Cognitive function was assessed by three tests: Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD), Animal Fluency (AF), and Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). Furthermore, the breakthrough point of cognitive impairment correlated with CERAD < 5, AF < 14, and DSST < 34. A weighted multiple logistics regression model was used to verify the association between serum globulin and cognitive impairment. Generalized additive models (GAMs) and a smooth curve fit (penalty spline method) were used to determine a non-linear relationship between serum globulin and cognitive impairment. Finally, subgroup analysis and interaction tests were conducted to further verify the association between serum globulin and cognitive impairment. Results Data from 2,768 participants aged ≥60 (in accordance with the study design) were collected for the final analysis. Data suggested that serum globulin levels were associated with an elevated cognitive impairment based on the AF [full adjustment, OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.01-1.08] and DSST [full adjustment, OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.02-1.10] tests. Eventually, the GAM and smooth curve fit model was conducted to confirm that the association between serum globulin and cognitive impairment was non-linear. Moreover, the inflection point was 27 g/L serum globulin based on the CERAD test and 35 g/L serum globulin based on the AF test. Finally, the interaction term between serum globulin and cognitive impairment based on the AF test indicated no significant interactions among all variables (all p for interaction >0.05). Conclusion The association between serum globulin levels and cognitive impairment is non-linear. A threshold effect exists between serum globulin and cognitive impairment. Large-scale prospective clinical trials are needed to validate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Huang
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Airforce Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Airforce Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hao Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Xianyang First People's Hospital, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dong Huang
- Department of Neurology, The Second People's Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weiwang Li
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an Daxing Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an First Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhirong Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Airforce Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Wang X, Hui X, Wang X, Huang B, Gan X, Liu X, Shen Z, Sun Y, Li L. Utilization of clinical and radiological parameters to predict cognitive prognosis in patients with mild-to-moderate traumatic brain injury. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1222541. [PMID: 37575301 PMCID: PMC10412890 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1222541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cognitive impairment is a common sequela following traumatic brain injury (TBI). This study aimed to identify risk factors for cognitive impairment after 3 and 12 months of TBI and to create nomograms to predict them. Methods A total of 305 mild-to-moderate TBI patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University from January 2018 to January 2022 were retrospectively recruited. Risk factors for cognitive impairment after 3 and 12 months of TBI were identified by univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses. Based on these factors, we created two nomograms to predict cognitive impairment after 3 and 12 months of TBI, the discrimination and calibration of which were validated by plotting the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and calibration curve, respectively. Results Cognitive impairment was detected in 125/305 and 52/305 mild-to-moderate TBI patients after 3 and 12 months of injury, respectively. Age, the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, >12 years of education, hyperlipidemia, temporal lobe contusion, traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (tSAH), very early rehabilitation (VER), and intensive care unit (ICU) admission were independent risk factors for cognitive impairment after 3 months of mild-to-moderate TBI. Meanwhile, age, GCS score, diabetes mellitus, tSAH, and surgical treatment were independent risk factors for cognitive impairment after 12 months of mild-to-moderate TBI. Two nomograms were created based on the risk factors identified using logistic regression analyses. The areas under the curve (AUCs) of the two nomograms to predict cognitive impairment after 3 and 12 months of mild-to-moderate TBI were 0.852 (95% CI [0.810, 0.895]) and 0.817 (95% CI [0.762, 0.873]), respectively. Conclusion Two nomograms are created to predict cognitive impairment after 3 and 12 months of TBI. Age, GCS score, >12 years of education, hyperlipidemia, temporal lobe contusion, tSAH, VER, and ICU admission are independent risk factors for cognitive impairment after 3 months of TBI; meanwhile, age, the GCS scores, diabetes mellitus, tSAH, and surgical treatment are independent risk factors of cognitive impairment after 12 months of TBI. Two nomograms, based on both groups of factors, respectively, show strong discriminative abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaobo Hui
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Lianyungang Oriental Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Baosheng Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaokui Gan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xingdong Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiyan Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lixin Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Pentikäinen E, Kimppa L, Pitkäniemi A, Lahti O, Särkämö T. Longitudinal effects of choir singing on aging cognition and wellbeing: a two-year follow-up study. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1174574. [PMID: 37545597 PMCID: PMC10398963 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1174574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction While increasing evidence points toward the benefits of musical activities in promoting cognitive and emotional well-being in older adults, more longitudinal studies are needed to establish their long-term effects and uncover the mechanisms through which musical activities affect well-being. Most previous research has focused on instrumental musical activities, but little is currently known about the long-term effects of singing, even though neuroimaging evidence suggests that it is a versatile activity for the brain, involving a multitude of neural processes that are potentially beneficial for well-being. Methods We conducted a 2-year follow-up study to assess aging-related changes in cognitive functioning and emotional and social well-being with self-report questionnaires and standardized tests in 107 older adult choir singers and 62 demographically matched non-singers. Data were collected at baseline (T1), and at 1-year (T2) and 2-year (T3) follow-ups using questionnaires on subjective cognitive functioning, depression, social engagement, and quality of life (QOL) in all participants and neuropsychological tests in a subgroup of participants (45 choir singers and 41 non-singers). Results The results of linear mixed model analysis showed that in verbal flexibility (phonemic fluency task), the choir singers had higher scores already at T1 and showed no change over time, whereas the non-singers showed enhancement from T1 to T3. Furthermore, active retrieval of word knowledge (WAIS-IV Vocabulary task) showed significantly different changes from T1 to T2 between the groups (enhancement in choir singers and decline in non-singers), however lacking significant change within groups. Similar opposite trajectories of QOL related to social inclusion and safety of the environment (WHOQOL-Bref Environmental subscale) were significant from T1 to T3, but these changes were not significant within groups or at each timepoint. Within the choir singers, shorter experience in choir singing was associated with greater improvement in the vocabulary task over the follow-up period, suggesting that initiation of choir singing at older age induces some verbal benefits. There were no group differences in any other questionnaire or neuropsychological measure over time. Discussion In conclusion, our results suggest that choir singing at older age is associated with a sustained enhancement of phonemic fluency, while the effects on other verbal skills and quality of life are less clear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmi Pentikäinen
- Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Centre of Excellence in Music, Mind, Body, and Brain, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lilli Kimppa
- Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anni Pitkäniemi
- Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Centre of Excellence in Music, Mind, Body, and Brain, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Outi Lahti
- Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Seinäjoki Central Hospital, Geriatric Outpatient Clinic, Rehabilitation Analysis Clinic, Seinäjoki, Finland
| | - Teppo Särkämö
- Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Centre of Excellence in Music, Mind, Body, and Brain, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Nguyen S, LaCroix AZ, Hayden KM, Di C, Palta P, Stefanick ML, Manson JE, Rapp SR, LaMonte MJ, Bellettiere J. Accelerometer-measured physical activity and sitting with incident mild cognitive impairment or probable dementia among older women. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:3041-3054. [PMID: 36695426 PMCID: PMC10366337 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Physical activity (PA) is prospectively inversely associated with dementia risk, but few studies examined accelerometer measures of PA and sitting with rigorously-adjudicated mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia risk. METHODS We examined the associations of accelerometer measures (PA and sitting) with incident MCI/probable dementia in the Women's Health Initiative (n = 1277; mean age = 82 ± 6 years) RESULTS: Over a median follow-up of 4.2 years, 267 MCI/probable dementia cases were identified. Adjusted Cox regression HRs (95% CI) across moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) min/d quartiles were 1.00 (reference), 1.28 (0.90 to 1.81), 0.79 (0.53 to 1.17), and 0.69 (0.45 to 1.06); P-trend = 0.01. Adjusted HRs (95% CI) across steps/d quartiles were 1.00 (reference), 0.73 (0.51 to 1.03), 0.64 (0.43 to 0.94), and 0.38 (0.23 to 0.61); P-trend < 0.001. The HR (95% CI) for each 1-SD increment in MVPA (31 min/d) and steps/d (1865) were 0.79 (0.67 to 0.94) and 0.67 (0.54 to 0.82), respectively. Sitting was not associated with MCI/probable dementia. DISCUSSION Findings suggest ≥ moderate intensity PA, particularly stepping, associates with lower MCI and dementia risk. HIGHLIGHTS Few studies have examined accelerometer-measured physical activity, including steps, and sitting with incident ADRD. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and steps, but not light physical activity or sitting, were inversely associated with lower ADRD risk. Among older women, at least moderate intensity physical activity may be needed to reduce ADRD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Nguyen
- Division of Epidemiology, Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Andrea Z. LaCroix
- Division of Epidemiology, Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kathleen M. Hayden
- Department of Social Sciences & Health Policy, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Chongzhi Di
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Priya Palta
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marcia L. Stefanick
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - JoAnn E. Manson
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephen R. Rapp
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Michael J. LaMonte
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo - SUNY, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - John Bellettiere
- Division of Epidemiology, Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Simon SS, Lee S, Gu Y, Mensing A, Noofoory D, Nazario GMH, Babukutty RS, Stern Y. Leisure activity engagement across adulthood predicts cognitive change after five years: Do gender and age matter? J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2023; 29:529-540. [PMID: 36366958 PMCID: PMC10186268 DOI: 10.1017/s1355617722000510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the association between leisure activity (LA) frequency and cognitive trajectories over 5 years across adulthood, and whether gender and age moderate these associations. METHOD A total of 234 cognitively healthy adults (21-80 years) completed a LA questionnaire at baseline and neuropsychological measures at baseline and after 5 years. Latent change score analysis was applied to generate latent variables estimating changes in different cognitive domains. For a secondary analysis, LA components' scores were calculated, reflecting cognitive-intellectual, social, and physical activities. Regression analysis examined the association between baseline LA and cognitive change, and potential moderation of gender and age. In addition, we tested the influence of cortical gray matter thickness on the results. RESULTS We found that higher LA engagement was associated with slower cognitive decline for reasoning, speed, and memory, as well as better vocabulary across two time points. Regarding LA components, higher Social-LA and Intellectual-LA predicted slower rates of cognitive decline across different domains, while Physical-LA was not associated with cognitive change. Gender, but not age, moderated some of the associations observed. Our results remained the same after controlling for cortical gray matter thickness. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated a protective effect of LA engagement on cognitive trajectories over 5 years, independent from demographics and a measure of brain health. The effects were in part moderated by gender, but not age. Results should be replicated in larger and more diverse samples. Our findings support cognitive reserve hypothesis and have implications for future reserve-enhancing interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Sanz Simon
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- The Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Seonjoo Lee
- Department of Psychiatry and Biostatistics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yian Gu
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- The Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- The Department of Epidemiology, Joseph P. Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ashley Mensing
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Diala Noofoory
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Reshma S. Babukutty
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yaakov Stern
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- The Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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Rayatpisheh F, Torabizadeh C, Najafi Kalyani M, Farsi Z. Relationship between resilience and death anxiety of the older adults during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:367. [PMID: 37322457 PMCID: PMC10268381 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04086-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused an increase in the incidence of physical and psychological problems, particularly in the older adult. Considering the special physical and mental health conditions of the older adult, they were more exposed to psychological problems associated with the pandemic, such as death anxiety. Therefore, assessing the psychological status of this group is necessary in order to implement appropriate interventions. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between resilience and death anxiety in the older adult during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 283 older adult people over the age of 60 years. The older adult population was selected from 11 municipal districts of Shiraz, Iran, using the cluster sampling method. The resilience and death anxiety scales were used for data collection. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 22, using Chi-square test, t-test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient test. A P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS The mean and standard deviation of the older adult's resilience and death anxiety scores were 64.16 ± 9.59 and 6.3 ± 2.95, respectively. There was a significant correlation between resilience and death anxiety scores (P < 0.01, r=-0.290). Also, sex (P = 0.00) and employment status (P = 0.00) were significantly associated with the older adult's resilience. Besides, sex (P = 0.010) and employment status (P = 0.004) were significantly related to death anxiety. CONCLUSIONS Our findings showcase levels of resilience and death anxiety in older adults during the covid-19 pandemic and suggest that resilience and death anxiety are inversely linked. This has implications on policy planning for future major health events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Rayatpisheh
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Camellia Torabizadeh
- Community Based Psychiatric Care Research Center, Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Majid Najafi Kalyani
- Community Based Psychiatric Care Research Center, Department of Medical Emergencies, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Zahra Farsi
- Research and Community Health Departments, Nursing School, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Kornblith E, Schweizer S, Abrams G, Gardner R, Barnes D, Yaffe K, Novakovic-Agopian T. Telehealth delivery of group-format cognitive rehabilitation to older veterans with TBI: a mixed-methods pilot study. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY. ADULT 2023:1-13. [PMID: 37044120 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2023.2199160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is common among Veterans and may interact with aging, increasing risk for negative cognitive, emotional, and functional outcomes. However, no accessible (i.e., in-home) group interventions for TBI targeted to older adults exist. Goal Oriented Attentional Self-Regulation (GOALS) is a manualized, group cognitive rehabilitation training that improves executive function and emotional regulation among Veterans with TBI and healthy older adults. Our objectives were to adapt GOALS for delivery to older Veterans via in-home video telehealth (IVT) and evaluate feasibility and participant-rated acceptability of the telehealth GOALS intervention (TeleGOALS). Six Veterans 69+, with multiple TBIs completed the 10-session intervention in groups of 2. One participant withdrew, and another completed the remaining sessions alone (total n enrolled = 8). Required adaptations were noted; questionnaire responses were quantified; and feedback was analyzed and coded to identify themes. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used to examine feasibility (i.e., recruitment and retention) and participant-rated acceptability. Minimal adaptations were required for IVT delivery. Key themes emerged: (a) the importance of telehealth logistics, (b) facilitators' roles in prioritizing interpersonal connection, and (c) telehealth's capability to create opportunities for community reintegration. Thematic saturation (the point at which feedback from respondents is consistent and no further adaptations are required) was achieved. Participants stated they would likely recommend TeleGOALS to other Veterans. Although further study with a larger, more diverse sample is required, the adapted TeleGOALS intervention appears highly feasible and acceptable for older Veterans with TBI able and willing to participate in a group-format IVT intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Kornblith
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sara Schweizer
- Northern California Institute for Research and Education, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Gary Abrams
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Raquel Gardner
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Deborah Barnes
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kristine Yaffe
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA
- Northern California Institute for Research and Education, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tatjana Novakovic-Agopian
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA
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Huynh K, Nategh L, Jamadar S, Stout J, Georgiou-Karistianis N, Lampit A. Cognition-oriented treatments and physical exercise on cognitive function in Huntington's disease: a systematic review. J Neurol 2023; 270:1857-1879. [PMID: 36513779 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-022-11516-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment is prevalent in Huntington's disease (HD), with no treatments currently available. While cognition-oriented treatments and physical exercise have shown efficacy in improving cognition in other populations, they have not been systematically reviewed in HD. This systematic review aims to examine the effects of cognitive and exercise interventions on cognition in HD, along with effects on psychosocial function, functional independence, and neuroimaging outcomes. Seventeen studies (three cognitive, seven exercise, seven combining cognitive and physical exercise) were included. While there was generally low certainty of evidence, interventions that included cognitive training appeared to have larger effect sizes on cognition, while physical exercise (alone or combined with cognitive rehabilitation or stimulation) showed negligible effect sizes. On the other hand, combined interventions had larger effects on psychosocial function. Finally, effects on functional independence appeared negligible following exercise and combined interventions, and effects on neuroimaging outcomes were inconclusive. Larger studies should seek to confirm the benefits of cognitive and physical interventions, and further explore changes in functional independence and neural outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine Huynh
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 18 Innovation Walk, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
- Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Grattan St, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Leila Nategh
- Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Grattan St, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Sharna Jamadar
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 18 Innovation Walk, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, 770 Blackburn Rd, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Julie Stout
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 18 Innovation Walk, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Nellie Georgiou-Karistianis
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 18 Innovation Walk, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia.
| | - Amit Lampit
- Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Grattan St, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
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Bassis D, Rybko J, Maor R. It's never too late to improvise: The impact of theatre improvisation on elderly population. Exp Aging Res 2023; 49:83-99. [PMID: 35358023 DOI: 10.1080/0361073x.2022.2059208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite the availability of improvisational theater training in different settings, studies that assess its effectiveness as a means for enhancing cognitive training for older adults are scarce. This study examines the influence of short theater improvisation exercises on the cognitive flexibility of cognitively-healthy older adults, and their influence on the four core components of improvisation (i.e., spontaneity, flow, creativity, playfulness). The study also examines the correlation between an improvement in these four key agents and an improvement in cognitive flexibility among older adults. This quantitative empirical study was conducted in retirement homes and daycare centers in Israel. A total of 45 participants took part in this study, all in good physical health and with age-appropriate cognitive abilities. The participants were divided into five research groups; each group met twice a week for a one-hour improvisation session over a six-week period. The data was collected through five questionnaires that were completed at four points of time (before, during, and after the workshop). The findings did not indicate a significant effect of the improvisation exercises on the participants' cognitive flexibility, yet they did show improvement in three components of improvisation: spontaneity, flow, playfulness. As such, the findings of this study indicate that despite a normal decline in basic cognitive functioning among older adults, the beneficial effect of improvisation on cognitive flexibility might still occur through spontaneity, playfulness, and flow. In conclusion, short theater improvisation exercises could contribute to various indicators of healthy aging in various settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniella Bassis
- Department of Psychology, Professional School of Psychology, Sacramento, Califonia, United States
| | - Judit Rybko
- Arts, Seminar Hakibbutzim: Kibbutzim College of Education Technology and the Arts, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Rotem Maor
- Education, David Yellin College of Education, Jerusalem, Israel
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Wu Q, Niu X, Zhang Y, Song J, Chi A. A Comparative Study of Inhibition Function between High-Intensity Interval Training and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training in Healthy People: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2859. [PMID: 36833556 PMCID: PMC9956571 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20042859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Meta-analysis was used to compare the effects of two interventions, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT), on inhibition in executive function in healthy people, providing some theoretical basis for exercise practice and health interventions. We searched the PubMed, Science Direct, Web Of science, Cochrane, and CNKI databases for relevant articles on the inhibition function effects of HIIT and MICT in healthy populations for the period of library construction to 15 September 2022. The basic information of the screened literature was organized and summarized using Excel. Statistical analysis of the correct rate and response time indicators of the inhibition function in the HIIT and MICT groups was performed using Review Manager 5.3 analysis software. A total of 285 subjects from 8 studies were included in this study, the number of HIIT subjects was 142, the number of MICT subjects was 143, including teenagers, young adults, and the elderly. Eight studies included response time, and four included correct rate and response time. The standardized mean difference (SMD) for correct rate inhibition function in the HIIT and MICT groups was 0.14, 95% CI (-0.18, 0.47), SMD at response time was 0.03, 95% CI (-0.20, 0.27). In addition, no significant differences were found between the two exercise modalities in either the intervention period or the population receiving the intervention. Both HIIT and MICT could improve inhibition function in healthy people, but there was no significant difference in the improvement effect between them. It is hoped that this study can provide some references for people's choice of health intervention methods and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Aiping Chi
- School of Sports, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
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Wu Y, Zang M, Wang B, Guo W. Does the combination of exercise and cognitive training improve working memory in older adults? A systematic review and meta-analysis. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15108. [PMID: 37065695 PMCID: PMC10100799 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cognitive functioning is dependent on working memory and a decline in working memory is the main cause of cognitive aging. Many studies have suggested that physical exercise or cognitive intervention can effectively improve working memory in the elderly. However, it is still unknown whether a combination of exercise and cognitive training (CECT) is more effective than either intervention alone. The present systematic review and meta-analysis were undertaken to evaluate the effect of CECT on working memory in the elderly. Methods The review was registered in the International Prospective Systematic Review (PROSPERO, CRD42021290138). Systematic searches were conducted on Web of Science, Elsevier Science, PubMed and Google Scholar. The data were extracted according to the PICOS framework. Comprehensive meta-analysis (CMA) software was used to perform the meta-analysis, moderator analysis and publication bias testing. Results The current meta-analysis included 21 randomized controlled trials (RCT). Results showed that CECT had a significantly greater impact on working memory in older adults compared to no intervention groups (SMD = 0.29, 95% CI [0.14-0.44], p < 0.01), with no significant difference between CECT and exercise (SMD = 0.16, 95% CI [-0.04-0.35], p = 0.12) or cognitive intervention alone (SMD = 0.08, 95% CI [-0.13-0.30], p = 0.44). Furthermore, the positive effect of CECT was moderated by intervention frequency and cognitive state. Conclusions The CECT can effectively improve working memory of older adults, but the effect of CECT compared to single intervention needs to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqing Wu
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ming Zang
- College of Electrical Engineering, Chuzhou Polytechnic, Chuzhou, China
| | - Biye Wang
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Institute of Sports, Exercise and Brain, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wei Guo
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Institute of Sports, Exercise and Brain, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Rodríguez-Nieto G, Seer C, Sidlauskaite J, Vleugels L, Van Roy A, Hardwick R, Swinnen S. Inhibition, Shifting and Updating: Inter and intra-domain commonalities and differences from an executive functions activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis. Neuroimage 2022; 264:119665. [PMID: 36202157 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Executive functions are higher-order mental processes that support goal-directed behavior. Among these processes, Inhibition, Updating, and Shifting have been considered core executive domains. In this meta-analysis, we comprehensively investigate the neural networks of these executive domains and we synthesize for the first time the neural convergences and divergences among the most frequently used executive paradigms within those domains. A systematic search yielded 1055 published neuroimaging studies (including 26,191 participants in total). Our study revealed that a fronto-parietal network was shared by the three main domains. Furthermore, we executed conjunction analyses among the paradigms of the same domain to extract the core distinctive components of the main executive domains. This approach showed that Inhibition and Shifting are characterized by a strongly lateralized neural activation in the right and left hemisphere, respectively. In addition, both networks overlapped with the Updating network but not with each other. Remarkably, our study detected heterogeneity among the paradigms from the same domain. More specifically, analysis of Inhibition tasks revealed differing activations for Response Inhibition compared to Interference Control paradigms, suggesting that Inhibition encompasses relatively heterogeneous sub-functions. Shifting analyses revealed a bilateral overlap of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Task with the Updating network, but this pattern was absent for Rule Switching and Dual Task paradigms. Moreover, our Updating meta-analyses revealed the neural signatures associated with the specific modules of the Working Memory model from Baddeley and Hitch. To our knowledge, this is the most comprehensive meta-analysis of executive functions to date. Its paradigm-driven analyses provide a unique contribution to a better understanding of the neural convergences and divergences among executive processes that are relevant for clinical applications, such as cognitive enhancement and neurorehabilitation interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geraldine Rodríguez-Nieto
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuursevest 101 box 1501, Leuven 3001, Belgium; Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Oude Markt 13, Leuven 5005, Belgium
| | - Caroline Seer
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuursevest 101 box 1501, Leuven 3001, Belgium; Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Oude Markt 13, Leuven 5005, Belgium
| | - Justina Sidlauskaite
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuursevest 101 box 1501, Leuven 3001, Belgium; Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Oude Markt 13, Leuven 5005, Belgium
| | - Lore Vleugels
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuursevest 101 box 1501, Leuven 3001, Belgium; Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Oude Markt 13, Leuven 5005, Belgium; Institute of Neuroscience, UC Louvain, Av. Mounier 54, Bruxelles 1200, Belgium
| | - Anke Van Roy
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuursevest 101 box 1501, Leuven 3001, Belgium; Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Oude Markt 13, Leuven 5005, Belgium
| | - Robert Hardwick
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuursevest 101 box 1501, Leuven 3001, Belgium; Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Oude Markt 13, Leuven 5005, Belgium; Institute of Neuroscience, UC Louvain, Av. Mounier 54, Bruxelles 1200, Belgium
| | - Stephan Swinnen
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuursevest 101 box 1501, Leuven 3001, Belgium; Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Oude Markt 13, Leuven 5005, Belgium.
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Yu Z, Qu W, Ge Y. Trait anger causes risky driving behavior by influencing executive function and hazard cognition. ACCIDENT; ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION 2022; 177:106824. [PMID: 36063570 DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2022.106824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Drivers with a high level of trait anger feel more intensity of anger on road, contributing to more risky driving behavior and further increasing the probability of collisions. It seems that trait anger directly correlates with risky driving behavior, but how it works in detail remains unknown and previous research indicated executive function and hazard cognition may play a mediation role in it. Our research aims to explore the relationship among these variables and test if there is a multiple mediation model. We sampled 302 valid participants and used online questionnaires, containing trait anger scale (TAS), executive function index (EFI), hazard cognition scale (HCS; representing attitudes towards risky driving behavior), driver behavior questionnaire (DBQ), and self-reported traffic violations (e.g., accidents, penalty points, fines). Hierarchical multiple linear regression of DBQ results show trait anger is a medium but statistically significant predictor of risky driving behavior and drivers' attitude towards risky situations can significantly predict risky driving behavior at medium effect. But risky driving behavior cannot be predicted by executive function. Interestingly, opposing to prior research, zero-inflated Poisson regression analysis of self-reported traffic violations suggests trait anger negatively predicts accidents and fines in the zero-inflation model, and hazard cognition negatively predicts penalty points. Notably, the executive function negatively predicts penalty points and fines in the count model, which confirms our hypothetical direction. They all represent a small effect size in this nonlinear regression model. Path analysis suggested that trait anger influences risky driving behavior through executive function, and hazard cognition both separately and jointly. This study provides a theoretical framework for the transaction model of aggressive driving behavior and offers some possible interventions toward the effect of trait anger on risky driving behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhao Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weina Qu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Yan Ge
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Assecondi S, Hu R, Kroeker J, Eskes G, Shapiro K. Older adults with lower working memory capacity benefit from transcranial direct current stimulation when combined with working memory training: A preliminary study. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1009262. [PMID: 36299611 PMCID: PMC9589058 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1009262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a very diverse process: successful agers retain most cognitive functioning, while others experience mild to severe cognitive decline. This decline may eventually negatively impact one’s everyday activities. Therefore, scientists must develop approaches to counteract or, at least, slow down the negative change in cognitive performance of aging individuals. Combining cognitive training and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a promising approach that capitalizes on the plasticity of brain networks. However, the efficacy of combined methods depends on individual characteristics, such as the cognitive and emotional state of the individual entering the training program. In this report, we explored the effectiveness of working memory training, combined with tDCS to the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), to manipulate working memory performance in older individuals. We hypothesized that individuals with lower working memory capacity would benefit the most from the combined regimen. Thirty older adults took part in a 5-day combined regimen. Before and after the training, we evaluated participants’ working memory performance with five working memory tasks. We found that individual characteristics influenced the outcome of combined cognitive training and tDCS regimens, with the intervention selectively benefiting old-old adults with lower working memory capacity. Future work should consider developing individualized treatments by considering individual differences in cognitive profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Assecondi
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences—CIMeC, University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy
- Visual Experience Laboratory, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Center for Human Brain Health (CHBH), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Sara Assecondi, ,
| | - Rong Hu
- Visual Experience Laboratory, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jacob Kroeker
- Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Gail Eskes
- Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Kim Shapiro
- Visual Experience Laboratory, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Center for Human Brain Health (CHBH), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Metacognitive Scales: Assessing Metacognitive Knowledge in Older Adults Using Everyday Life Scenarios. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12102410. [PMID: 36292099 PMCID: PMC9600082 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12102410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The multidimensional effect of aging on cognition and its interference with daily functioning is well reported by many studies. Therefore, the ability to detect age-related cognitive changes is of great importance for older adults to help compensate for cognitive decline. For that, metacognition and its course of change across the lifespan of a person have attracted considerable scientific interest. The aim of the present study is to present three new self-report questionnaires, developed to measure older adults’ metacognitive knowledge for everyday memory (MKEM), metacognitive knowledge for everyday attention (MKEA), and metacognitive knowledge for everyday executive functions (MKEEFs). The questionnaires were tested for structural validity and reliability. A sample size of 171 community-dwelling adults of advancing age (97 females and 74 males) voluntarily participated in this study and their ages ranged from 50 to 82 years (mean = 59.32, SD = 7.39). Exploratory factor analysis using principal component analysis with varimax rotation was applied to examine structural validity. The results revealed a one-factor structure for the MKEM with high internal consistency (α = 0.88), a two-factor structure for the MKEA, that reflected “divided and shifted attention” (α = 0.74) and “concentration” (α = 0.75), and a two-factor structure for the MKEEFs that reflected “planning” (α = 0.70) and “inhibition” (α = 0.65). The variables created for each factor respectively showed significant positive correlations between each other.
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Robledo-Castro C, Castillo-Ossa LF, Corchado JM. Artificial Cognitive Systems Applied in Executive Function Stimulation and Rehabilitation Programs: A Systematic Review. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2022; 48:2399-2427. [PMID: 36185593 PMCID: PMC9516512 DOI: 10.1007/s13369-022-07292-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This article presents a systematic review of studies on cognitive training programs based on artificial cognitive systems and digital technologies and their effect on executive functions. The aim has been to identify which populations have been studied, the characteristics of the implemented programs, the types of implemented cognitive systems and digital technologies, the evaluated executive functions, and the key findings of these studies. The review has been carried out following the PRISMA protocol; five databases have been selected from which 1889 records were extracted. The articles were filtered following established criteria, to give a final selection of 264 articles that have been used for the purposes of this study in the analysis phase. The findings showed that the most studied populations were school-age children and the elderly. The most studied executive functions were working memory and attentional processes, followed by inhibitory control and processing speed. Many programs were commercial, customizable, gamified, and based on classic tasks. Some more recent initiatives have begun to incorporate user-machine interfaces, robotics, and virtual reality, although studies on their effects remain scarce. The studies recognize multiple benefits of computerized neuropsychological stimulation and rehabilitation programs for executive functions in different age groups, but there is a lack of studies in specific population sectors and with more rigorous research designs. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13369-022-07292-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Robledo-Castro
- Currículo, Universidad y Sociedad Research Group, Universidad del Tolima, Calle 42 1-02, 730006299 Ibagué, Colombia
- Ingeniería del Software Research Group, Universidad Autónoma de Manizales, Antigua Estación del Ferrocarril, 170001 Manizales, Colombia
| | - Luis F. Castillo-Ossa
- Ingeniería del Software Research Group, Universidad Autónoma de Manizales, Antigua Estación del Ferrocarril, 170001 Manizales, Colombia
- Inteligencia Artificial Research Group, Universidad de Caldas, Calle 65 26-10, 170002 Manizales, Colombia
- Departamento de Ingeniería Indutrial, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Manizales, Campus La Nubia, 170001 Manizales, Colombia
| | - Juan M. Corchado
- BISITE Research Group, University of Salamanca, Calle Espejo s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Air Institute, IoT Digital Innovation Hub, 37188 Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Electronics, Information and Communication, Osaka Institute of Technology, 535-8585 Osaka, Japan
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McDonough IM, Nolin SA, Visscher KM. 25 years of neurocognitive aging theories: What have we learned? Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1002096. [PMID: 36212035 PMCID: PMC9539801 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1002096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The past 25 years have provided a rich discovery of at least four fundamental patterns that represent structural and functional brain aging across multiple cognitive domains. Of the many potential patterns of brain aging, few are ever examined simultaneously in a given study, leading one to question their mutual exclusivity. Moreover, more studies are emerging that note failures to replicate some brain aging patterns, thereby questioning the universality and prevalence of these patterns. Although some attempts have been made to create unifying theories incorporating many of these age-related brain patterns, we propose that the field’s understanding of the aging brain has been hindered due to a large number of influential models with little crosstalk between them. We briefly review these brain patterns, the influential domain-general theories of neurocognitive aging that attempt to explain them, and provide examples of recent challenges to these theories. Lastly, we elaborate on improvements that can be made to lead the field to more comprehensive and robust models of neurocognitive aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian M. McDonough
- Department of Psychology, Alabama Research Institute on Aging, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States
- *Correspondence: Ian M. McDonough,
| | - Sara A. Nolin
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Kristina M. Visscher
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We review recent work on applications of non-pharmacologic strategies to promote cognitive health in older adulthood and discuss potential network mechanisms, limitations, and considerations for improving intervention uptake and efficacy. RECENT FINDINGS In healthy older adults and patients with mild cognitive impairment, cognitive training produces global and domain-specific cognitive gains, though effect sizes tend to be modest and transfer is variable. Non-invasive brain stimulation has shown moderate success in enhancing cognitive function, though the optimum approach, parameters, and cortical targets require further investigation. Physical activity improves cognitive functions in late life, with emerging trials highlighting key intervention components that may maximize treatment outcomes. Multimodal interventions may be superior to single-component interventions in conferring cognitive gains, although interpretation is limited by modest sample sizes and variability in training components and parameters. Across modalities, individual differences in patient characteristics predict therapeutic response. These interventions may advance cognitive health by modulating functional networks that support core cognitive abilities including the default mode, executive control, and salience networks. Effectiveness of cognitive enhancement strategies may be increased with clinician-led coaching, booster sessions, gamification, integration of multiple intervention modalities, and concrete applications to everyday functioning. Future trials involving rigorous comparisons of training components, parameters, and delivery formats will be essential in establishing the precise approaches needed to maximize cognitive outcomes. Novel studies using patient-level clinical and neuroimaging features to predict individual differences in training gains may inform the development of personalized intervention prescriptions to optimize cognitive health in late life.
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Brill E, Krebs C, Falkner M, Peter J, Henke K, Züst M, Minkova L, Brem AK, Klöppel S. Can a serious game-based cognitive training attenuate cognitive decline related to Alzheimer's disease? Protocol for a randomized controlled trial. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:552. [PMID: 35962371 PMCID: PMC9373273 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04131-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major public health issue. Cognitive interventions such as computerized cognitive trainings (CCT) are effective in attenuating cognitive decline in AD. However, in those at risk of dementia related to AD, results are heterogeneous. Efficacy and feasibility of CCT needs to be explored in depth. Moreover, underlying mechanisms of CCT effects on the three cognitive domains typically affected by AD (episodic memory, semantic memory and spatial abilities) remain poorly understood. METHODS In this bi-centric, randomized controlled trial (RCT) with parallel groups, participants (planned N = 162, aged 60-85 years) at risk for AD and with at least subjective cognitive decline will be randomized to one of three groups. We will compare serious game-based CCT against a passive wait list control condition and an active control condition (watching documentaries). Training will consist of daily at-home sessions for 10 weeks (50 sessions) and weekly on-site group meetings. Subsequently, the CCT group will continue at-home training for an additional twenty-weeks including monthly on-site booster sessions. Investigators conducting the cognitive assessments will be blinded. Group leaders will be aware of participants' group allocations. Primarily, we will evaluate change using a compound value derived from the comprehensive cognitive assessment for each of three cognitive domains. Secondary, longitudinal functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and evaluation of blood-based biomarkers will serve to investigate neuronal underpinnings of expected training benefits. DISCUSSION The present study will address several shortcomings of previous CCT studies. This entails a comparison of serious game-based CCT with both a passive and an active control condition while including social elements crucial for training success and adherence, the combination of at-home and on-site training, inclusion of booster sessions and assessment of physiological markers. Study outcomes will provide information on feasibility and efficacy of serious game-based CCT in older adults at risk for AD and will potentially generalize to treatment guidelines. Moreover, we set out to investigate physiological underpinnings of CCT induced neuronal changes to form the grounds for future individually tailored interventions and neuro-biologically informed trainings. TRIAL REGISTRATION This RCT was registered 1st of July 2020 at clinicaltrials.gov (Identifier NCT04452864).
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Brill
- University Hospital of Old Age Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
- Swiss Institute for Translational and Entrepreneurial Medicine, Bern, Switzerland.
- Graduate School for Health Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Christine Krebs
- University Hospital of Old Age Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute for Translational and Entrepreneurial Medicine, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Michael Falkner
- University Hospital of Old Age Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jessica Peter
- University Hospital of Old Age Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute for Translational and Entrepreneurial Medicine, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Katharina Henke
- Cognitive Neuroscience of Memory and Consciousness, Institute of Psychology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marc Züst
- University Hospital of Old Age Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lora Minkova
- University Hospital of Old Age Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anna-Katharine Brem
- University Hospital of Old Age Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Stefan Klöppel
- University Hospital of Old Age Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute for Translational and Entrepreneurial Medicine, Bern, Switzerland
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Ye Q, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Chen Z, Yu C, Zheng C, Yu H, Zhou D, Li X. Low VGF is associated with executive dysfunction in patients with major depressive disorder. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 152:182-186. [PMID: 35738161 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Executive dysfunction is considered to be one of the cognitive impairment dimensions that are easily observed in depression, but its underlying molecular mechanism is still unclear. Study have shown that the neuropeptide VGF (non-acronymic) plays an important role in the regulation of hippocampal neurogenesis and neuroplasticity. Previous studies have shown that VGF may be related to the psychopathology of depression and cognitive impairment. However, the correlation between VGF and executive dysfunction in MDD has not been investigated. METHODS A total of 35 MDD patients and 31 healthy control patients were enrolled in this study. The 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) was used to measure the severity of depression, and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) was used to assess executive dysfunction. Double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine serum VGF in peripheral blood. RESULTS The level of serum VGF in MDD patients was significantly lower compared to that in the healthy control group (p < 0.001). Moreover, Response Administered (RA) scores, Response preservative errors (RPE), and Non-response preservative errors (NRPE) were all higher in the MDD group (all p < 0.05). In contrast, Categories Completed (CC) and Response Correct (RC) scores were lower (all p < 0.05). Further results showed a significant correlation between serum VGF with RA (r = -0.372, p = 0.028) and RPE scores (r = 0.507, p = 0.002) in patients with depression, while serum VGF showed no correlation with the severity of depression in either group. CONCLUSIONS VGF may play an important role in executive function dysfunction in MDD patients, and VGF levels may become a new marker for predicting executive function dysfunction in depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianwen Ye
- Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- The Second People's Hospital of Lishui, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zan Chen
- Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Chang Yu
- Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Haihang Yu
- Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China.
| | - Dongsheng Zhou
- Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China.
| | - Xingxing Li
- Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China.
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Keating L, Kaur A, Mendieta M, Gleason C, Basello G, Roth A, Brondolo E. Racial discrimination and core executive functions. Stress Health 2022; 38:615-621. [PMID: 34799970 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Researchers have theorized that exposure to racial discrimination may impair executive functioning. The limited existing data broadly support this notion and suggest that discrimination may exert acute and persistent effects on executive functioning, potentially because of the cognitive demands associated with responding to discrimination. However, it is unclear if discrimination is differentially associated with different core executive functions. Further, the effects may vary depending on the timing of exposure, as recent or acute exposure to discrimination may operate on executive functioning through different mechanisms than exposure across the lifetime. The current study evaluates the relations of both recent and lifetime exposure to racial discrimination to three core executive functions (i.e., cognitive flexibility, inhibitory control and working memory) using a racially and ethnically diverse sample (n = 319). In fully adjusted models, recent discrimination was negatively associated with cognitive flexibility and working memory but not with inhibitory control. These data are consistent with the broader literature on acute stress effects on core executive functions and may have implications for understanding the effects of discrimination on health. Further research is warranted to understand the course and mechanisms of effects of lifetime and recent discrimination on core executive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Keating
- Department of Psychology, St. John's University, Jamaica, New York, USA
| | - Amandeep Kaur
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California - Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Miguel Mendieta
- Department of Psychology, St. John's University, Jamaica, New York, USA
| | - Colleen Gleason
- Department of Psychology, St. John's University, Jamaica, New York, USA
| | - Gina Basello
- Jamaica Hospital Medical Center, Jamaica, New York, USA
| | - Alan Roth
- Jamaica Hospital Medical Center, Jamaica, New York, USA
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Makmee P, Wongupparaj P. Virtual Reality-based Cognitive Intervention for Enhancing Executive Functions in Community-dwelling Older Adults. INTERVENCION PSICOSOCIAL 2022; 31:133-144. [PMID: 37361011 PMCID: PMC10268555 DOI: 10.5093/pi2022a10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid growth of the older population globally, it is anticipated that age-related cognitive decline in the prodromal phase and more severe pathological decline will increase. Moreover, currently, no effective treatment options for the disease exist. Thus, early and timely prevention actions are promising and prior strategies to preserve cognitive functions by preventing symptomatology from increasing the age-related deterioration of the functions in healthy older adults. This study aims to develop the virtual reality-based cognitive intervention for enhancing executive functions (EFs) and examine the EFs after training with the virtual reality-based cognitive intervention in community-dwelling older adults. Following inclusion/exclusion criteria, 60 community-dwelling older adults aged 60-69 years were involved in the study and randomly divided into passive control and experimental groups. Eight 60 min virtual reality-based cognitive intervention sessions were held twice a week and lasted for 1 month. The EFs (i.e., inhibition, updating, and shifting) of the participants were assessed by using standardized computerized tasks, i.e., Go/NoGo, forward and backward digit span, and Berg's card sorting tasks. Additionally, a repeated-measure ANCOVA and effect sizes were applied to investigate the effects of the developed intervention. The virtual reality-based intervention significantly improved the EFs of older adults in the experimental group. Specifically, the magnitudes of enhancement were observed for inhibitory as indexed by the response time, F(1) = 6.95, p < .05, ηp2 = .11, updating as represented by the memory span, F(1) = 12.09, p < .01, ηp2 = .18, and the response time, F(1) = 4.46, p = .04, ηp2 = .07, and shifting abilities as indexed by the percentage of correct responses, F(1) = 5.30, p = .03, ηp2 = .09, respectively. The results indicated that the simultaneous combined cognitive-motor control as embedded in the virtual-based intervention is safe and effective in enhancing EFs in older adults without cognitive impairment. Nevertheless, further studies are required to investigate the benefits of these enhancements to motor functions and emotional aspects relating to daily living and the well-being of older populations in communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pattrawadee Makmee
- Burapha UniversityCollege of Research Methodology and Cognitive ScienceCognitive Science and Innovation Research UnitThailandCognitive Science and Innovation Research Unit, College of Research Methodology and Cognitive Science, Burapha University, Thailand
| | - Peera Wongupparaj
- Burapha UniversityCollege of Research Methodology and Cognitive ScienceCognitive Science and Innovation Research UnitThailandCognitive Science and Innovation Research Unit, College of Research Methodology and Cognitive Science, Burapha University, Thailand
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Nagy B, Protzner AB, van der Wijk G, Wang H, Cortese F, Czigler I, Gaál ZA. The modulatory effect of adaptive task-switching training on resting-state neural network dynamics in younger and older adults. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9541. [PMID: 35680953 PMCID: PMC9184743 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13708-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
With increasing life expectancy and active aging, it becomes crucial to investigate methods which could compensate for generally detected cognitive aging processes. A promising candidate is adaptive cognitive training, during which task difficulty is adjusted to the participants' performance level to enhance the training and potential transfer effects. Measuring intrinsic brain activity is suitable for detecting possible distributed training-effects since resting-state dynamics are linked to the brain's functional flexibility and the effectiveness of different cognitive processes. Therefore, we investigated if adaptive task-switching training could modulate resting-state neural dynamics in younger (18-25 years) and older (60-75 years) adults (79 people altogether). We examined spectral power density on resting-state EEG data for measuring oscillatory activity, and multiscale entropy for detecting intrinsic neural complexity. Decreased coarse timescale entropy and lower frequency band power as well as increased fine timescale entropy and higher frequency band power revealed a shift from more global to local information processing with aging before training. However, cognitive training modulated these age-group differences, as coarse timescale entropy and lower frequency band power increased from pre- to post-training in the old-training group. Overall, our results suggest that cognitive training can modulate neural dynamics even when measured outside of the trained task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boglárka Nagy
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, P.O. Box 286, Budapest, 1519, Hungary.
- Department of Cognitive Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Andrea B Protzner
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Mathison Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Gwen van der Wijk
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Hongye Wang
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Filomeno Cortese
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Seaman Family MR Centre, Foothills Medical Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - István Czigler
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, P.O. Box 286, Budapest, 1519, Hungary
- Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsófia Anna Gaál
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, P.O. Box 286, Budapest, 1519, Hungary
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Marusic U, Verghese J, Mahoney JR. Does Cognitive Training Improve Mobility, Enhance Cognition, and Promote Neural Activation? Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:845825. [PMID: 35677205 PMCID: PMC9168002 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.845825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A close inter-relationship between mobility and cognition is reported in older adults, with improvements in gait performance noticeable after cognitive remediation in frail individuals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of computerized cognitive training (CCT) on mobility in healthy, independently living older adults, and to determine whether CCT is associated with changes in neural activation for mobility-related brain processes. Using a randomized single-blind control design, sixty-three non-demented adults age 60 y and older (mean age = 67 y; 76% female, mean Montreal Cognitive Assessment [MoCA] score = 27) were recruited from a local Senior Activity Center. Participants were randomly assigned to either a 2-month CCT program (8 weeks, 3x/week, 40 min/session) or a wait-list control group. Primary outcome was self-selected gait speed during single- and dual-task walking. Secondary outcome was executive function on Trail Making Test (TMT), Part B. Neural activity was assessed via electroencephalography/event-related potentials (EEG/ERPs) targeting lower-limb performance. Results from a linear mixed effect model, adjusted for baseline MoCA score, age, gender, and study completion revealed that compared to controls, CCT improved gait speed during the dual-task (p = 0.008) but not during the single-task walking condition (p = 0.057). CCT also improved executive function (p = 0.024). Further, shorter foot reaction time responses (p = 0.019) were found with enhanced neural activation over sensorimotor areas, with shorter ERP latencies during the P2 component (p = 0.008) and enhanced motor responses (p = 0.009) also evident in the CCT group after the intervention. Overall, the electrophysiological findings suggest possible neural adaptations that could explain improvements in mobility and executive functions associated with CCT in healthy older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uros Marusic
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Koper, Slovenia
- Department of Health Sciences, Alma Mater Europaea—ECM, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Joe Verghese
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Jeannette R. Mahoney
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
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Comparison of Montreal Cognitive Assessment in Korean Version for Predicting Mild Cognitive Assessment in 65-Year and Over Individuals. Occup Ther Int 2022; 2022:4108434. [PMID: 35521630 PMCID: PMC9042644 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4108434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The purpose of this study was to compare the validity and reliability of the two Korean versions of the MoCA for individuals aged ≥65 years. Methods A total of 185 participants aged ≥65 years were included in this cross-sectional study. This study investigated the reliability of the two Korean versions of the MoCA (the MoCA-K and MoCA-K2) by having each participant complete both assessments twice and comparing them to their Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE-K) scores. The participants either completed the tests in order A (MoCA-K2 before MoCA-K) then B (MoCA-K before MoCA-K2) or vice versa. The tests were then completed in the opposite order. This study conducted all experiments at 3-day intervals. Results Of the 185 total participants analyzed, 95 indicated cognitive impairment, while 90 had normal in MoCA-K scores; 50 demonstrated cognitive impairment, while 135 had normal in MMSE-K scores; and 101 and 84 participants showed cognitive impairment and normal in MoCA-K2 scores, respectively. Cronbach's α values were 0.929 for the MoCA-K, 0.774 for the MMSE-K, and 0.919 for the MoCA-K2. The mean scores were 22.37, 25.29, and 21.96 points for the MoCA-K, MMSE-K, and MoCA-K2, respectively. The sensitivity and the specificity of the MoCA-K were 77.0% and 78.0%, respectively, while those of the MoCA-K2 were 68.9% and 80.0%, respectively. Conclusions These results suggest that both the MoCA-K and MoCA-K2 are suitable and reliable evaluation tools for MCI screening; however, the MoCA-K had better overall sensitivity and specificity.
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Hardcastle C, Hausman HK, Kraft JN, Albizu A, O'Shea A, Boutzoukas EM, Evangelista ND, Langer K, Van Etten EJ, Bharadwaj PK, Song H, Smith SG, Porges E, DeKosky ST, Hishaw GA, Wu SS, Marsiske M, Cohen R, Alexander GE, Woods AJ. Proximal improvement and higher-order resting state network change after multidomain cognitive training intervention in healthy older adults. GeroScience 2022; 44:1011-1027. [PMID: 35258771 PMCID: PMC9135928 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00535-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Prior randomized control trials have shown that cognitive training interventions resulted in improved proximal task performance, improved functioning of activities of daily living, and reduced dementia risk in healthy older adults. Neural correlates implicated in cognitive training include hub brain regions of higher-order resting state networks including the default mode network, dorsal attention network, frontoparietal control network, and cingulo-opercular network. However, little is known about resting state network change after cognitive training, or the relation between functional brain changes and improvement in proximal task performance. We assessed the 1) change in proximal task performance, 2) change in higher-order resting state network connectivity via functional magnetic resonance imaging, and 3) association between these variables after a multidomain attention/speed-of-processing and working memory randomized control trial in a sample of 58 healthy older adults. Participants in the cognitive training group improved significantly on seven out of eight training tasks immediately after the training intervention with the largest magnitude of improvement in a divided attention/speed-of-processing task, the Double Decision task. Only the frontoparietal control network had significantly strengthened connectivity in the cognitive training group at the post-intervention timepoint. Lastly, higher frontoparietal control network connectivity was associated with improved Double Decision task performance after training in the cognitive training group. These findings show that the frontoparietal control network may strengthen after multidomain cognitive training interventions, and this network may underlie improvements in divided attention/speed-of-processing proximal improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheshire Hardcastle
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, 1249 Center Drive, PO Box 100196, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0165, USA
| | - Hanna K Hausman
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, 1249 Center Drive, PO Box 100196, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0165, USA
| | - Jessica N Kraft
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Alejandro Albizu
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Andrew O'Shea
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, 1249 Center Drive, PO Box 100196, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0165, USA
| | - Emanuel M Boutzoukas
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, 1249 Center Drive, PO Box 100196, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0165, USA
| | - Nicole D Evangelista
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, 1249 Center Drive, PO Box 100196, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0165, USA
| | - Kailey Langer
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, 1249 Center Drive, PO Box 100196, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0165, USA
| | - Emily J Van Etten
- Brain Imaging, Behavior and Aging Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Pradyumna K Bharadwaj
- Brain Imaging, Behavior and Aging Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Hyun Song
- Brain Imaging, Behavior and Aging Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Samantha G Smith
- Brain Imaging, Behavior and Aging Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Eric Porges
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, 1249 Center Drive, PO Box 100196, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0165, USA
| | - Steven T DeKosky
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Georg A Hishaw
- Department of Psychiatry, Neuroscience and Physiological Sciences Graduate Interdisciplinary Programs, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona and Arizona Alzheimer's Disease Consortium, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Samuel S Wu
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health and Health Professions, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Michael Marsiske
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, 1249 Center Drive, PO Box 100196, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0165, USA
| | - Ronald Cohen
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, 1249 Center Drive, PO Box 100196, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0165, USA
| | - Gene E Alexander
- Brain Imaging, Behavior and Aging Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Neuroscience and Physiological Sciences Graduate Interdisciplinary Programs, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona and Arizona Alzheimer's Disease Consortium, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Adam J Woods
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, 1249 Center Drive, PO Box 100196, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0165, USA.
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Borjeni MS, Korani M, Meftahi GH, Davoodian N, Hadipour M, Jahromi GP. Laterality dissociation of ventral hippocampus inhibition in learning and memory, glial activation and neural arborization in response to chronic stress in male Wistar rats. J Chem Neuroanat 2022; 121:102090. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2022.102090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Manser P, de Bruin ED. Making the Best Out of IT: Design and Development of Exergames for Older Adults With Mild Neurocognitive Disorder - A Methodological Paper. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:734012. [PMID: 34955806 PMCID: PMC8698204 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.734012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Utilizing information technology (IT) systems, for example in form of computerized cognitive screening or exergame-based (also called active videogames) training, has gained growing interest for supporting healthy aging and to detect, prevent and treat neurocognitive disorders (NCD). To ameliorate the effectiveness of exergaming, the neurobiological mechanisms as well as the most effective components for exergame-based training remain to be established. At the same time, it is important to account for the end-users' capabilities, preferences, and therapeutic needs during the design and development process to foster the usability and acceptance of the resulting program in clinical practice. This will positively influence adherence to the resulting exergame-based training program, which, in turn, favors more distinct training-related neurobiological effects. Objectives and Methods: This methodological paper describes the design and development process of novel exergame-based training concepts guided by a recently proposed methodological framework: The 'Multidisciplinary Iterative Design of Exergames (MIDE): A Framework for Supporting the Design, Development, and Evaluation of Exergames for Health' (Li et al., 2020). Case Study: A step-by-step application of the MIDE-framework as a specific guidance in an ongoing project aiming to design, develop, and evaluate an exergame-based training concept with the aim to halt and/or reduce cognitive decline and improve quality of life in older adults with mild neurocognitive disorder (mNCD) is illustrated. Discussion and Conclusion: The development of novel exergame-based training concepts is greatly facilitated when it is based on a theoretical framework (e.g., the MIDE-framework). Applying this framework resulted in a structured, iterative, and evidence-based approach that led to the identification of multiple key requirements for the exergame design as well as the training components that otherwise may have been overlooked or neglected. This is expected to foster the usability and acceptance of the resulting exergame intervention in "real life" settings. Therefore, it is strongly recommended to implement a theoretical framework (e.g., the MIDE-framework) for future research projects in line with well-known checklists to improve completeness of reporting and replicability when serious games for motor-cognitive rehabilitation purposes are to be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Manser
- Movement Control and Learning - Institute of Human Movement Sciences and Sport, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Eling D de Bruin
- Movement Control and Learning - Institute of Human Movement Sciences and Sport, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,OST - Eastern Switzerland University of Applied Sciences, St. Gallen, Switzerland
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