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Khaleda L, Begum SK, Apu MAR, Chowdhury RH, Alam MJ, Datta A, Rahman MZ, Hosain N, Al-Forkan M. Arsenic-Induced Cardiovascular Diseases and their Correlation with Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number, Deletion, and Telomere Length in Bangladeshi Population. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2024; 24:27-40. [PMID: 37971645 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-023-09812-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic contamination is a global health concern, primarily through contaminated groundwater and its entry into the food chain. The association between arsenic exposure and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is particularly alarming due to CVDs being the leading cause of death worldwide. Arsenic exposure has also been linked to changes in telomere length, mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn), and deletion, further increasing the risk of CVDs. We aimed to determine whether arsenic exposure alters telomere length and mtDNAcn and deletion in a total of 50 CVD patients who underwent open heart surgery hailed from known arsenic-affected and unaffected areas in Bangladesh. Amount of arsenic was determined from the collected nails and cardiac tissues. Relative telomere length and mtDNAcn and deletion were quantified by qRT-PCR. The patients from arsenic-contaminated areas had higher average arsenic deposits in their fingers and toenails (P < 0.05) and higher cardiac tissue injury scores (P < 0.05). Moreover, approximately 1.5-fold shorter telomere length (P < 0.05, r = - 0.775), 1.2-fold decreased mtDNAcn (P < 0.05, r = - 0.797), and an 81-fold higher amount of mitochondrial DNA deletion (P < 0.05, r = 0.784) were observed in the patients who had higher arsenic deposition in their nails. Higher levels of arsenic exposure were found to be linked to shorter telomere length, decreased mtDNAcn, and increased mitochondrial DNA deletion in the patients from As-affected areas. It can also be anticipated that the correlation of arsenic exposure with telomere length, mtDNAcn, and deletion can be used as biomarkers for early diagnosis of arsenic-induced cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila Khaleda
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4331, Bangladesh.
| | - Syeda Kishuara Begum
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4331, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abdur Rahman Apu
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4331, Bangladesh
| | - Rahee Hasan Chowdhury
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4331, Bangladesh
| | - Md Jibran Alam
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4331, Bangladesh
| | - Amit Datta
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4331, Bangladesh
| | - Md Zillur Rahman
- Department of Pathology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Nazmul Hosain
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Chittagong Medical College Hospital, Chittagong-4203, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Al-Forkan
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4331, Bangladesh
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Lower Circulating Cell-Free Mitochondrial DNA Is Associated with Heart Failure in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. CARDIOGENETICS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/cardiogenetics13010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-free nuclear (cf-nDNA) and mitochondrial (cf-mDNA) DNA are released from damaged cells in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, contributing to adverse cardiac remodeling, vascular dysfunction, and inflammation. The purpose of this study was to correlate the presence and type of cf-DNAs with HF in T2DM patients. A total of 612 T2DM patients were prescreened by using a local database, and 240 patients (120 non-HF and 120 HF individuals) were ultimately selected. The collection of medical information, including both echocardiography and Doppler imagery, as well as the assessment of biochemistry parameters and the circulating biomarkers, were performed at baseline. The N-terminal brain natriuretic pro-peptide (NT-proBNP) and cf-nDNA/cf-mtDNA levels were measured via an ELISA kit and real-time quantitative PCR tests, respectively. We found that HF patients possessed significantly higher levels of cf-nDNA (9.9 ± 2.5 μmol/L vs. 5.4 ± 2.7 μmol/L; p = 0.04) and lower cf-mtDNA (15.7 ± 3.3 μmol/L vs. 30.4 ± 4.8 μmol/L; p = 0.001) than those without HF. The multivariate log regression showed that the discriminative potency of cf-nDNA >7.6 μmol/L (OR = 1.07; 95% CI = 1.03–1.12; p = 0.01) was higher that the NT-proBNP (odds ratio [OR] = 1.10; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.04–1.19; p = 0.001) for HF. In conclusion, we independently established that elevated levels of cf-nDNA, originating from NT-proBNP, were associated with HF in T2DM patients.
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Qin HL, Bao JH, Tang JJ, Xu DY, Shen L. Arterial remodeling: the role of mitochondrial metabolism in vascular smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 324:C183-C192. [PMID: 36468843 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00074.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Arterial remodeling is a common pathological basis of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, vascular restenosis, hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, aortic dissection, and aneurysm. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are not only the main cellular components in the middle layer of the arterial wall but also the main cells involved in arterial remodeling. Dedifferentiated VSMCs lose their contractile properties and are converted to a synthetic, secretory, proliferative, and migratory phenotype, playing key roles in the pathogenesis of arterial remodeling. As mitochondria are the main site of biological oxidation and energy transformation in eukaryotic cells, mitochondrial numbers and function are very important in maintaining the metabolic processes in VSMCs. Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are novel triggers of the phenotypic transformation of VSMCs, leading to the onset and development of arterial remodeling. Therefore, pharmacological measures that alleviate mitochondrial dysfunction reverse arterial remodeling by ameliorating VSMCs metabolic dysfunction and phenotypic transformation, providing new options for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases related to arterial remodeling. This review summarizes the relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases associated with arterial remodeling and then discusses the potential mechanism by which mitochondrial dysfunction participates in pathological arterial remodeling. Furthermore, maintaining or improving mitochondrial function may be a new intervention strategy to prevent the progression of arterial remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Li Qin
- Department of Internal Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing-Hui Bao
- Department of Internal Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jian-Jun Tang
- Department of Internal Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dan-Yan Xu
- Department of Internal Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Internal Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Li YJ, Jin X, Li D, Lu J, Zhang XN, Yang SJ, Zhao YX, Wu M. New insights into vascular aging: Emerging role of mitochondria function. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113954. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Barbalata T, Scarlatescu AI, Sanda GM, Toma L, Stancu CS, Dorobantu M, Micheu MM, Sima AV, Niculescu LS. Mitochondrial DNA Together with miR-142-3p in Plasma Can Predict Unfavorable Outcomes in Patients after Acute Myocardial Infarction. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179947. [PMID: 36077347 PMCID: PMC9456000 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, despite numerous efforts to find efficient prognostic biomarkers and treatment targets. In the present study, we aimed to assess the potential of six microRNAs known to be involved in cardiovascular diseases, cell-free DNA (cfDNA), and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) circulating in plasma to be used as prognostic tools for the occurrence of unfavorable outcomes such as major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) after acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Fifty STEMI patients were enrolled and monitored for 6 months for the occurrence of MACE. Plasma was collected at three time points: upon admission to hospital (T0), at discharge from hospital (T1), and 6 months post-STEMI (T6). Plasma levels of miR-223-3p, miR-142-3p, miR-155-5p, miR-486-5p, miR-125a-5p, and miR-146a-5p, as well as of cfDNA and mtDNA, were measured by RT-qPCR. Results showed that the levels of all measured miRNAs, as well as of cfDNA and mtDNA, were the most increased at T1, compared to the other two time points. In the plasma of STEMI patients with MACE compared to those without MACE, we determined increased levels of miRNAs, cfDNA, and mtDNA at T1. Hence, we used the levels of all measured parameters at T1 for further statistical analysis. Statistical analysis demonstrated that all six miRNAs and cfDNA plus mtDNA levels, respectively, were associated with MACE. The minimal statistical model that could predict MACE in STEMI patients was the combination of mtDNA and miR-142-3p levels, as evidenced by ROC analysis (AUC = 0.97, p < 0.001). In conclusion, the increased plasma levels of mtDNA, along with miR-142-3p, could be used to predict unfavorable outcomes in STEMI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodora Barbalata
- Lipidomics Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology “Nicolae Simionescu” of the Romanian Academy, 8, B.P. Hasdeu Street, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alina I. Scarlatescu
- Department of Cardiology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, 014461 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gabriela M. Sanda
- Lipidomics Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology “Nicolae Simionescu” of the Romanian Academy, 8, B.P. Hasdeu Street, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Laura Toma
- Lipidomics Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology “Nicolae Simionescu” of the Romanian Academy, 8, B.P. Hasdeu Street, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Camelia S. Stancu
- Lipidomics Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology “Nicolae Simionescu” of the Romanian Academy, 8, B.P. Hasdeu Street, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Maria Dorobantu
- Department of Cardiology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, 014461 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Miruna M. Micheu
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, 014461 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anca V. Sima
- Lipidomics Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology “Nicolae Simionescu” of the Romanian Academy, 8, B.P. Hasdeu Street, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (A.V.S.); (L.S.N.)
| | - Loredan S. Niculescu
- Lipidomics Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology “Nicolae Simionescu” of the Romanian Academy, 8, B.P. Hasdeu Street, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (A.V.S.); (L.S.N.)
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Alwehaidah MS, AlFadhli S, Al-Kafaji G. Leukocyte mitochondrial DNA copy number is a potential non-invasive biomarker for psoriasis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270714. [PMID: 35767552 PMCID: PMC9242485 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormalities in the mitochondria have been linked to psoriasis, a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease. The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is present in thousands of copies per cell and altered mtDNA copy number (mtDNA-CN), a common indicator of mitochondrial function, has been proposed as a biomarker for several diseases including autoimmune diseases. In this case–control study, we investigated whether the mtDNA-CN is related to psoriasis, correlates with the disease duration and severity, and can serve as a disease biomarker. Relative mtDNA-CN as compared with nuclear DNA was measured by a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in peripheral blood buffy coat samples from 56 patients with psoriasis and 44 healthy controls. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the value of mtDNA-CN as a biomarker. We found that the mtDNA-CN was significantly decreased in patients with psoriasis compared to healthy controls (93.6±5.3 vs. 205±71; P = 0.04). Sub-group analyses with stratification of patients based on disease duration under or over 10 years and disease severity indicated that the mtDNA-CN was significantly lower in patients with longer disease duration (74±4.3 in disease duration >10 years vs. 79±8.3 in disease duration <10 years, P = 0.009), and higher disease severity (72±4.3 in moderate-to-severe index vs. 88.3 ± 6 in mild index, P = 0.017). Moreover, the mtDNA-CN was negatively correlated with the disease duration and disease severity (r = -0.36, P = 0.006; r = -0.41, P = 0.003 respectively). The ROC analysis of mtDNA-CN showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.84 (95% confidence interval: 0.69–0.98; P = 0.002) for differentiating patients from healthy controls. Our study suggests that low mtDNA-CN may be an early abnormality in psoriasis and associates with the disease progression. Our study also suggests that mtDNA-CN may be a novel blood-based biomarker for the early detection of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Materah Salem Alwehaidah
- Faculty of Allied Health, Department of Medical Laboratory, Kuwait University, State of Kuwait
- * E-mail: ,
| | - Suad AlFadhli
- Faculty of Allied Health, Department of Medical Laboratory, Kuwait University, State of Kuwait
| | - Ghada Al-Kafaji
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Al-Jawhara Centre for Molecular Medicine, Genetics, and Inherited Disorders, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
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Vecoli C, Basta G, Borghini A, Gaggini M, Del Turco S, Mercuri A, Gastaldelli A, Andreassi MG. Advanced glycation end products, leukocyte telomere length, and mitochondrial DNA copy number in patients with coronary artery disease and alterations of glucose homeostasis: From the GENOCOR study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 32:1236-1244. [PMID: 35260310 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Alterations of glucose homeostasis can increase advanced glycation end products (AGEs) that exacerbate vascular inflammatory disease and may increase vascular senescence and aging. This study examined the relationships between carboxymethyl-lysine (CML) and soluble receptor for AGEs (sRAGE) with leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn), as cell aging biomarkers, in patients with established coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS AND RESULTS We studied 459 patients with CAD further categorized as having normal glucose homeostasis (NG, n = 253), pre-diabetes (preT2D, n = 85), or diabetes (T2D, n = 121). All patients were followed up for the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). Plasma concentrations of sRAGE and CML were measured by ELISA. mtDNAcn and LTL were measured by qRT-PCR. CML levels were significantly higher in patients with preT2D (p < 0.007) or T2D (p < 0.003) compared with those with NG. mtDNAcn resulted lower in T2D vs preT2D (p = 0.04). At multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis, short LTL (HR: 2.89; 95% CI: 1.11-10.1; p = 0.04) and high levels of sRAGE (HR: 2.20; 95% CI: 1.01-5.14; p = 0.04) were associated with an increased risk for MACEs in patients with preT2D and T2D, respectively. T2D patients with both short LTL and high sRAGE levels had the highest risk of MACEs (HR: 3.11; 95% CI: 1.11-9.92; p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS High levels of sRAGE and short LTL were associated with an increased risk of MACEs, especially in patients with diabetes, supporting the usefulness of both biomarkers of glycemic impairment and aging in predicting cardiovascular outcomes in patients with CAD.
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The Role of Mitochondrial DNA Mutations in Cardiovascular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020952. [PMID: 35055137 PMCID: PMC8778138 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. mtDNA (mitochondrial DNA) mutations are known to participate in the development and progression of some CVD. Moreover, specific types of mitochondria-mediated CVD have been discovered, such as MIEH (maternally inherited essential hypertension) and maternally inherited CHD (coronary heart disease). Maternally inherited mitochondrial CVD is caused by certain mutations in the mtDNA, which encode structural mitochondrial proteins and mitochondrial tRNA. In this review, we focus on recently identified mtDNA mutations associated with CVD (coronary artery disease and hypertension). Additionally, new data suggest the role of mtDNA mutations in Brugada syndrome and ischemic stroke, which before were considered only as a result of mutations in nuclear genes. Moreover, we discuss the molecular mechanisms of mtDNA involvement in the development of the disease.
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Abstract
Advances in population-scale genomic sequencing have greatly expanded the understanding of the inherited basis of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Reanalysis of these genomic datasets identified an unexpected risk factor for CVD, somatically acquired DNA mutations. In this review, we provide an overview of somatic mutations and their contributions to CVD. We focus on the most common and well-described manifestation, clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential. We also review the currently available data regarding how somatic mutations lead to tissue mosaicism in various forms of CVD, including atrial fibrillation and aortic aneurism associated with Marfan Syndrome. Finally, we highlight future research directions given current knowledge gaps and consider how technological advances will enhance the discovery of somatic mutations in CVD and management of patients with somatic mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Brett Heimlich
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
| | - Alexander G. Bick
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
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Valdés-Aguayo JJ, Garza-Veloz I, Vargas-Rodríguez JR, Martinez-Vazquez MC, Avila-Carrasco L, Bernal-Silva S, González-Fuentes C, Comas-García A, Alvarado-Hernández DE, Centeno-Ramirez ASH, Rodriguez-Sánchez IP, Delgado-Enciso I, Martinez-Fierro ML. Peripheral Blood Mitochondrial DNA Levels Were Modulated by SARS-CoV-2 Infection Severity and Its Lessening Was Associated With Mortality Among Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 11:754708. [PMID: 34976854 PMCID: PMC8716733 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.754708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction During severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, the virus hijacks the mitochondria causing damage of its membrane and release of mt-DNA into the circulation which can trigger innate immunity and generate an inflammatory state. In this study, we explored the importance of peripheral blood mt-DNA as an early predictor of evolution in patients with COVID-19 and to evaluate the association between the concentration of mt-DNA and the severity of the disease and the patient’s outcome. Methods A total 102 patients (51 COVID-19 cases and 51 controls) were included in the study. mt-DNA obtained from peripheral blood was quantified by qRT-PCR using the NADH mitochondrial gene. Results There were differences in peripheral blood mt-DNA between patients with COVID-19 (4.25 ng/μl ± 0.30) and controls (3.3 ng/μl ± 0.16) (p = 0.007). Lower mt-DNA concentrations were observed in patients with severe COVID-19 when compared with mild (p= 0.005) and moderate (p= 0.011) cases of COVID-19. In comparison with patients with severe COVID-19 who survived (3.74 ± 0.26 ng/μl) decreased levels of mt-DNA in patients with severe COVID-19 who died (2.4 ± 0.65 ng/μl) were also observed (p = 0.037). Conclusion High levels of mt-DNA were associated with COVID-19 and its decrease could be used as a potential biomarker to establish a prognosis of severity and mortality of patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- José J Valdés-Aguayo
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Unidad Académica de Medicina Humana y C.S, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Idalia Garza-Veloz
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Unidad Académica de Medicina Humana y C.S, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - José R Vargas-Rodríguez
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Unidad Académica de Medicina Humana y C.S, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - María C Martinez-Vazquez
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Unidad Académica de Medicina Humana y C.S, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Lorena Avila-Carrasco
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Unidad Académica de Medicina Humana y C.S, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Sofia Bernal-Silva
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.,Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | | | - Andreu Comas-García
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.,Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Diana E Alvarado-Hernández
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | | | - Iram P Rodriguez-Sánchez
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Laboratorio de Fisiología Molecular y Estructural, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | | | - Margarita L Martinez-Fierro
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Unidad Académica de Medicina Humana y C.S, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Mexico
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Sundquist K, Sundquist J, Palmer K, Memon AA. Role of mitochondrial DNA copy number in incident cardiovascular diseases and the association between cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes: A follow-up study on middle-aged women. Atherosclerosis 2021; 341:58-62. [PMID: 34876297 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) is a surrogate biomarker of mitochondrial dysfunction and is associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, despite being associated with both CVD and T2D, it is not known what role mtDNA-CN has in the association between T2D and CVD. Our aims were to investigate whether, (1) baseline mtDNA-CN is associated with CVD incidence and (2) mtDNA-CN has a role as a mediator between T2D and CVD. METHOD We quantified absolute mtDNA-CN by droplet digital PCR method in a population-based follow-up study of middle aged (52-65 years) women (n = 3062). The median follow-up period was 17 years. RESULTS Our results show that low baseline levels of mtDNA-CN (<111 copies/μL) were associated with an increased risk of CVD (HR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.08; 1.63) as well as with specific CVDs: coronary heart disease (HR = 1.28, 95% CI = 0.99; 1.66), stroke (HR = 1.26, 95% CI = 0.87; 1.84) and abdominal aortic aneurysm (HR = 2.61, 95% CI = 1.03; 6.62). The associations decreased but persisted even after adjustment for potential confounders. Furthermore, our results show that the total effect of T2D on future risk of CVD was reduced after controlling for mtDNA-CN and the proportion mediated by mtDNA-CN was estimated to be 4.9%. CONCLUSIONS Lower baseline mtDNA-CN is associated with incident CVD and may have a mediating effect on the association between T2D and CVD; however, this novel observation needs to be confirmed in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, 20502, Sweden
| | - Jan Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, 20502, Sweden
| | - Karolina Palmer
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, 20502, Sweden
| | - Ashfaque A Memon
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, 20502, Sweden.
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Park SH, Lee SY, Kim SA. Mitochondrial DNA Methylation Is Higher in Acute Coronary Syndrome Than in Stable Coronary Artery Disease. In Vivo 2021; 35:181-189. [PMID: 33402465 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Decreased mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) has been associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). We aimed to clarify the difference between stable CAD (SCAD) and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) regarding mtDNA-CN and the DNA methylation ratio in regions influencing the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, mtDNA-CN was measured in peripheral blood leukocytes sampled from 50 patients with SCAD and 50 with ACS. We then conducted bisulfite modification of DNA followed by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction to quantify mtDNA methylation in the mitochondrial D-loop region (mtDLR) and nuclear DNA methylation in the promoter region of nuclear peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PPARGC1A) gene. RESULTS Compared to patients with SCAD, those with ACS had significantly lower relative mtDNA-CN (0.89±0.24 vs. 1.00±0.28, p=0.013) and higher DNA methylation ratio of the mtDLR (1.11±0.24 vs. 1.00±0.25, p=0.027) Conclusion: Our findings suggest that increased DNA methylation in the mtDLR, which translates into reduced mtDNA content, may affect the clinical phenotype of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hyun Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Young Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Ae Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Ganel L, Chen L, Christ R, Vangipurapu J, Young E, Das I, Kanchi K, Larson D, Regier A, Abel H, Kang CJ, Scott A, Havulinna A, Chiang CWK, Service S, Freimer N, Palotie A, Ripatti S, Kuusisto J, Boehnke M, Laakso M, Locke A, Stitziel NO, Hall IM. Mitochondrial genome copy number measured by DNA sequencing in human blood is strongly associated with metabolic traits via cell-type composition differences. Hum Genomics 2021; 15:34. [PMID: 34099068 PMCID: PMC8185936 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-021-00335-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial genome copy number (MT-CN) varies among humans and across tissues and is highly heritable, but its causes and consequences are not well understood. When measured by bulk DNA sequencing in blood, MT-CN may reflect a combination of the number of mitochondria per cell and cell-type composition. Here, we studied MT-CN variation in blood-derived DNA from 19184 Finnish individuals using a combination of genome (N = 4163) and exome sequencing (N = 19034) data as well as imputed genotypes (N = 17718). RESULTS We identified two loci significantly associated with MT-CN variation: a common variant at the MYB-HBS1L locus (P = 1.6 × 10-8), which has previously been associated with numerous hematological parameters; and a burden of rare variants in the TMBIM1 gene (P = 3.0 × 10-8), which has been reported to protect against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. We also found that MT-CN is strongly associated with insulin levels (P = 2.0 × 10-21) and other metabolic syndrome (metS)-related traits. Using a Mendelian randomization framework, we show evidence that MT-CN measured in blood is causally related to insulin levels. We then applied an MT-CN polygenic risk score (PRS) derived from Finnish data to the UK Biobank, where the association between the PRS and metS traits was replicated. Adjusting for cell counts largely eliminated these signals, suggesting that MT-CN affects metS via cell-type composition. CONCLUSION These results suggest that measurements of MT-CN in blood-derived DNA partially reflect differences in cell-type composition and that these differences are causally linked to insulin and related traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liron Ganel
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lei Chen
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ryan Christ
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jagadish Vangipurapu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Erica Young
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Indraniel Das
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Krishna Kanchi
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - David Larson
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Allison Regier
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Haley Abel
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Chul Joo Kang
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Alexandra Scott
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Aki Havulinna
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Charleston W K Chiang
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Quantitative and Computational Biology Section, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Susan Service
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nelson Freimer
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aarno Palotie
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Analytical and Translational Genetics Unit (ATGU), Psychiatric & Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Samuli Ripatti
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Adam Locke
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Nathan O Stitziel
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Ira M Hall
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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Sazonova MA, Ryzhkova AI, Sinyov VV, Sazonova MD, Kirichenko TV, Doroschuk NA, Karagodin VP, Orekhov AN, Sobenin IA. Mutations of mtDNA in some Vascular and Metabolic Diseases. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:177-184. [PMID: 32867647 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826999200820162154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present review article considers some chronic diseases of vascular and metabolic genesis, the causes of which may be mitochondrial dysfunction. Very often, in the long course of the disease, complications may occur, leading to myocardial infarction or ischemic stroke and, as a result, death. In particular, a large percentage of human deaths nowadays belongs to cardiovascular diseases, such as coronary heart disease (CHD), arterial hypertension, cardiomyopathies, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present review was the analysis of literature sources, devoted to an investigation of a link of mitochondrial DNA mutations with chronic diseases of vascular and metabolic genesis. RESULTS The analysis of literature indicates the association of the mitochondrial genome mutations with coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and various types of cardiomyopathies. CONCLUSION The detected mutations can be used to analyze the predisposition to chronic diseases of vascular and metabolic genesis. They can also be used to create molecular-cell models necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of drugs developed for the treatment of these pathologies. MtDNA mutations associated with the absence of diseases of vascular and metabolic genesis could be potential candidates for gene therapy of the said diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita A Sazonova
- Laboratory of angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Anastasia I Ryzhkova
- Laboratory of angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Vasily V Sinyov
- Laboratory of angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Marina D Sazonova
- Laboratory of angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana V Kirichenko
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, Research Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Natalya A Doroschuk
- Laboratory of angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Vasily P Karagodin
- Laboratory of angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander N Orekhov
- Laboratory of angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Igor A Sobenin
- Laboratory of angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, 0
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15
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Doblado L, Lueck C, Rey C, Samhan-Arias AK, Prieto I, Stacchiotti A, Monsalve M. Mitophagy in Human Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22083903. [PMID: 33918863 PMCID: PMC8069949 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitophagy is a selective autophagic process, essential for cellular homeostasis, that eliminates dysfunctional mitochondria. Activated by inner membrane depolarization, it plays an important role during development and is fundamental in highly differentiated post-mitotic cells that are highly dependent on aerobic metabolism, such as neurons, muscle cells, and hepatocytes. Both defective and excessive mitophagy have been proposed to contribute to age-related neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases, metabolic diseases, vascular complications of diabetes, myocardial injury, muscle dystrophy, and liver disease, among others. Pharmacological or dietary interventions that restore mitophagy homeostasis and facilitate the elimination of irreversibly damaged mitochondria, thus, could serve as potential therapies in several chronic diseases. However, despite extraordinary advances in this field, mainly derived from in vitro and preclinical animal models, human applications based on the regulation of mitochondrial quality in patients have not yet been approved. In this review, we summarize the key selective mitochondrial autophagy pathways and their role in prevalent chronic human diseases and highlight the potential use of specific interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Doblado
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.D.); (C.L.); (C.R.)
| | - Claudia Lueck
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.D.); (C.L.); (C.R.)
| | - Claudia Rey
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.D.); (C.L.); (C.R.)
| | - Alejandro K. Samhan-Arias
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid e Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Ignacio Prieto
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Isaac Peral 42, 28015 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Alessandra Stacchiotti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Universita’ Degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy
- U.O. Laboratorio di Morfologia Umana Applicata, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Maria Monsalve
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.D.); (C.L.); (C.R.)
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (M.M.)
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16
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From Mitochondria to Atherosclerosis: The Inflammation Path. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9030258. [PMID: 33807807 PMCID: PMC8000234 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9030258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a key process in metazoan organisms due to its relevance for innate defense against infections and tissue damage. However, inflammation is also implicated in pathological processes such as atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the arterial wall where unstable atherosclerotic plaque rupture causing platelet aggregation and thrombosis may compromise the arterial lumen, leading to acute or chronic ischemic syndromes. In this review, we will focus on the role of mitochondria in atherosclerosis while keeping inflammation as a link. Mitochondria are the main source of cellular energy. Under stress, mitochondria are also capable of controlling inflammation through the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the release of mitochondrial components, such as mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), into the cytoplasm or into the extracellular matrix, where they act as danger signals when recognized by innate immune receptors. Primary or secondary mitochondrial dysfunctions are associated with the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis by elevating the production of ROS, altering mitochondrial dynamics and energy supply, as well as promoting inflammation. Knowing and understanding the pathways behind mitochondrial-based inflammation in atheroma progression is essential to discovering alternative or complementary treatments.
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17
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Zhu Z, Liu Y, Wu D, Wang H. Association Between Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number and Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis. Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e928327. [PMID: 33468984 PMCID: PMC7830846 DOI: 10.12659/msm.928327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The association between mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) risk remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between mtDNA copy number and HNSCC risk. Material/Methods We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE until August 2020. Studies that assessed the association between mtDNA copy number and HNSCC as the outcome of interest were included. We performed a 2-class and dose-response meta-analysis to assess the association between cancer risk and mtDNA. Results Eight articles (2 cohort studies and 6 case-control studies) with a total of 3913 patients were included in our meta-analysis. The overall results showed that mean mtDNA copy number level from 9 studies was 0.71 higher in patients with cancer than in non-cancer controls (the standardized mean differences (SMD) 0.71, 95% CI: 0.28–1.15, P<0.001). However, when 4 studies were pooled by dichotomizing mtDNA copy number at the median value into high- and low-content groups, no significant association between mtDNA content and overall cancer risk was found (odds ratio (OR)=0.87, 95% CI: 0.52–1.44, P=0.584). Furthermore, we observed a non-linear association from 3 studies between increased mtDNA copy number levels (P for nonlinearity <0.001). Conclusions The elevated mtDNA copy number could predict the risk of HNSCC as a biomarker. Moreover, there was non-linear relationship of risk between HNSCC and mtDNA copy number.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Zhu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Yixiu Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education (Chongqing University), Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Didi Wu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Hongpeng Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education (Chongqing University), Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China (mainland)
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18
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Li DM, Li BX, Yang LJ, Gao P, Ma ZY, Li ZJ. Diagnostic value of circulating microRNA-208a in differentiation of preserved from reduced ejection fraction heart failure. Heart Lung 2020; 50:71-74. [PMID: 32711895 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2020.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is no satisfactory answer on the specific biomarker that might be used in differentiating heart failure with reduced EF (HFrEF), allowing for inadequacy of N-terminal prohormone brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP). OBJECTIVES We aim to evaluate the value of microRNA-208a in diagnosing HFrEF patients. METHODS We included 120 HF patients and 60 healthy volunteers. Diagnostic values of NT-proBNP and miR-208a for HF patients versus controls and HFrEF versus HFpEF were described by area under curve (AUC), sensitivity and specificity. RESULTS HFrEF patients had significantly higher miR-208a level (p<0.001). As for diagnosing HFrEF patients, additional use of miR-208a and NT-proBNP yielded a significantly higher AUC than NT-proBNP alone (0.83, 95% CI 0.76-0.90 vs. 0.73, 95% CI 0.64-0.82) and the sensitivity and specificity were raised to 68.0% and 90.2%. CONCLUSION Use of miR-208a in combination with NT-proBNP may allow a more reliable method in diagnosing HFrEF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Mei Li
- Department of Physical Diagnosis, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang 157000, China
| | - Bin-Xin Li
- Operating Room, Hongqi Hospital, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang 157000, China
| | - Li-Jie Yang
- Outpatient of General Internal Medicine, Hongqi Hospital, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang 157000, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Emergency Department, Hongqi Hospital, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang 157000, China
| | - Zhong-Yu Ma
- Department of Physical Diagnosis, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang 157000, China
| | - Zhong-Juan Li
- Emergency Department, Hongqi Hospital, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang 157000, China.
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19
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Castellani CA, Longchamps RJ, Sun J, Guallar E, Arking DE. Thinking outside the nucleus: Mitochondrial DNA copy number in health and disease. Mitochondrion 2020; 53:214-223. [PMID: 32544465 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2020.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) is a biomarker of mitochondrial function and levels of mtDNA-CN have been reproducibly associated with overall mortality and a number of age-related diseases, including cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and cancer. Recent advancements in techniques for estimating mtDNA-CN, in particular the use of DNA microarrays and next-generation sequencing data, have led to the comprehensive assessment of mtDNA-CN across these and other diseases and traits. The importance of mtDNA-CN measures to disease and these advancing technologies suggest the potential for mtDNA-CN to be a useful biomarker in the clinic. While the exact mechanism(s) underlying the association of mtDNA-CN with disease remain to be elucidated, we review the existing literature which supports roles for inflammatory dynamics, immune function and alterations to cell signaling as consequences of variation in mtDNA-CN. We propose that future studies should focus on characterizing longitudinal, cell-type and cross-tissue profiles of mtDNA-CN as well as improving methods for measuring mtDNA-CN which will expand the potential for its use as a clinical biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina A Castellani
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ryan J Longchamps
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Eliseo Guallar
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States; The Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Dan E Arking
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
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20
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Koller A, Fazzini F, Lamina C, Rantner B, Kollerits B, Stadler M, Klein-Weigel P, Fraedrich G, Kronenberg F. Mitochondrial DNA copy number is associated with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events in patients with peripheral arterial disease. J Intern Med 2020; 287:569-579. [PMID: 32037598 PMCID: PMC7318579 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysfunctional mitochondria have an influence on inflammation and increased oxidative stress due to an excessive production of reactive oxygen species. The mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) is a potential biomarker for mitochondrial dysfunction and has been associated with various diseases. However, results were partially contrasting which might have been caused by methodological difficulties to quantify mtDNA-CN. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate whether mtDNA-CN is associated with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) as well as all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events during seven years of follow-up. METHODS A total of 236 male patients with PAD from the Cardiovascular Disease in Intermittent Claudication (CAVASIC) study were compared with 249 age- and diabetes-matched controls. MtDNA-CN was measured with a well-standardized plasmid-normalized quantitative PCR-based assay determining the ratio between mtDNA-CN and nuclear DNA. RESULTS Individuals in the lowest quartile of mtDNA-CN had a twofold increased risk for PAD which, however, was no longer significant after adjusting for leukocytes and platelets. About 67 of the 236 patients had already experienced a cardiovascular event at baseline and those in the lowest mtDNA-CN quartile had a 2.34-fold increased risk for these events (95% CI 1.08-5.13). During follow-up, 37 PAD patients died and 66 patients experienced a cardiovascular event. Patients in the lowest mtDNA-CN quartile had hazard ratios of 2.66 (95% CI 1.27-5.58) for all-cause-mortality and 1.82 (95% CI 1.02-3.27) for cardiovascular events compared with the combined quartile 2-4 (adjusted for age, smoking, CRP, diabetes, prevalent cardiovascular disease, leukocytes and platelets). CONCLUSION This investigation supports the hypothesis of mitochondrial dysfunction in peripheral arterial disease and shows an association of low mtDNA-CNs with all-cause-mortality and prevalent and incident cardiovascular disease in PAD patients with intermittent claudication.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Koller
- From the, Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - F Fazzini
- From the, Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - C Lamina
- From the, Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - B Rantner
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - B Kollerits
- From the, Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - M Stadler
- 3rd Medical Department of Metabolic Diseases and Nephrology, Hietzing Hospital, Vienna, Austria.,Diabetes Research Group, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - P Klein-Weigel
- Clinic of Angiology, Center of Vascular Medicine, Ernst von Bergmann Klinikum, Potsdam, Germany
| | - G Fraedrich
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - F Kronenberg
- From the, Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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21
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The alterations of mitochondrial DNA in coronary heart disease. Exp Mol Pathol 2020; 114:104412. [PMID: 32113905 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2020.104412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the major cause of death in modern society. CHD is characterized by atherosclerosis, which could lead to vascular cavity stenosis or obstruction, resulting in ischemic cardiac conditions such as angina and myocardial infarction. In terms of the mitochondrion, the main function is to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for cells. And the alterations (including mutations, altered copy number and haplogroups) of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are associated with the abnormal expression of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system, resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction, then leading to perturbation on the electron transport chain and increased ROS generation and reduction in ATP level, contributing to ATP-producing disorders and oxidative stress, which may further accelerate development or vulnerability of atherosclerosis and myocardial ischemic injury. Therefore, the mtDNA defects may play an important role in making an early diagnosis, identifying disease-specific biomarkers and therapeutic targets, and predicting outcomes for patients with atherosclerosis and CHD. In this review, we aim to summarize the contribution of mtDNA mutations, altered mtDNA copy number and mtDNA haplogroups on the occurrence and development of CHD.
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22
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Wang XB, Cui NH, Liu X, Liu X. Mitochondrial 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and coronary artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2020; 19:22. [PMID: 32075646 PMCID: PMC7029479 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-020-00998-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Little is known about whether mitochondria 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), a biomarker of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) oxidative damage, contributes to the development of coronary artery disease (CAD) in diabetic patients. Here, we explored the associations of mtDNA 8-OHdG in leukocytes with obstructive CAD, coronary stenosis severity, cardiovascular biomarkers, and 1-year adverse outcomes after coronary revascularization in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods In a total of 1920 consecutive patients with T2DM who underwent coronary angiography due to symptoms of angina or angina equivalents, the presence of obstructive CAD, the number of diseased vessels with ≥ 50% stenosis, and modified Gensini score were cross-sectionally evaluated; the level of mtDNA 8-OHdG was quantified by quantitative PCR. Then, 701 of 1920 diabetic patients who further received coronary revascularization completed 1-year prospective follow-up to document major adverse cardiovascular and cerebral events (MACCEs). In vitro experiments were also performed to observe the effects of mtDNA oxidative damage in high glucose-cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Results Cross-sectionally, greater mtDNA 8-OHdG was associated with increased odds of obstructive CAD (odds ratio [OR] 1.38, 95% CI confidence interval 1.24–1.52), higher degree of coronary stenosis (number of diseased vessels: OR 1.29, 95% CI 1.19–1.41; modified Gensini scores: OR 1.28, 95% CI 1.18–1.39), and higher levels of C-reactive protein (β 0.18, 95% CI 0.06–0.31) after adjusting for confounders. Sensitivity analyses using propensity score matching yielded similar results. Stratification by smoking status showed that the association between mtDNA 8-OHdG and obstructive CAD was most evident in current smokers (Pinteration < 0.01). Prospectively, the adjusted hazards ratio per 1-SD increase in mtDNA 8-OHdG was 1.59 (95% CI 1.33–1.90) for predicting 1-year MACCEs after revascularization. In HUVECs, exposure to antimycin A, an inducer for mtDNA oxidative damage, led to adverse alterations in markers of mitochondrial and endothelia function. Conclusion Greater mtDNA 8-OHdG in leukocytes may serve as an independent risk factor for CAD in patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Bin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Jianshe East Road No. 1, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China.
| | - Ning-Hua Cui
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Children's Infection and Immunity, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Xia'nan Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Jianshe East Road No. 1, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Jianshe East Road No. 1, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
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Abstract
One of the systems that are potentially affected in mitochondrial disorders, but hardly get systematically investigated, are the arteries. One of the phenotypic manifestations in arteries is atherosclerosis. This review focuses on the current knowledge and recent advances of mitochondrial atherosclerosis. We conducted a systematic literature review via PubMed using appropriate search terms. Atherosclerosis in mitochondrial disorders may result from a primary pathomechanism or a secondary one due to mitochondrial diabetes, arterial hypertension, or hyperlipidemia. Anecdotal reports show that primary atherosclerosis can be a phenotypic feature of mitochondrial disorders. Predominantly, patients carrying mutations in mtDNA-located genes may develop primary mitochondrial atherosclerosis. Though not systematically investigated, it is conceivable that primary mitochondrial atherosclerosis results from increased oxidative stress, mitophagy, metabolic breakdown, or lactic acidosis. Mitochondrial disorder patients with primary mitochondrial atherosclerosis should receive not only antithrombotic medication but also antioxidants and cofactors. Atherosclerosis in mitochondrial disorders may occur even in the absence of classical atherosclerosis risk factors, suggesting that atherosclerosis can be a primary manifestation of the metabolic defect. Though primary atherosclerosis in mitochondrial disorders has not been systematically investigated, anecdotal data indicate that mitochondrial dysfunction can be a mechanism for the development of primary, mitochondrial atherosclerosis. These patients require antioxidants and cofactors in addition to antithrombotic medication.
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Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and Platelets Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Oxidative Stress, and Circulating mtDNA in Cardiovascular Diseases. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9020311. [PMID: 31979097 PMCID: PMC7073649 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9020311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are devastating disorders and the leading cause of mortality worldwide. The pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases is complex and multifactorial and, in the past years, mitochondrial dysfunction and excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) have gained growing attention. Indeed, CVDs can be considered as a systemic alteration, and understanding the eventual implication of circulating blood cells peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and or platelets, and particularly their mitochondrial function, ROS production, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) releases in patients with cardiac impairments, appears worthwhile. Interestingly, reports consistently demonstrate a reduced mitochondrial respiratory chain oxidative capacity related to the degree of CVD severity and to an increased ROS production by PBMCs. Further, circulating mtDNA level was generally modified in such patients. These data are critical steps in term of cardiac disease comprehension and further studies are warranted to challenge the possible adjunct of PBMCs’ and platelets’ mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and circulating mtDNA as biomarkers of CVD diagnosis and prognosis. This new approach might also allow further interesting therapeutic developments.
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25
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Sobenin IA, Zhelankin AV, Khasanova ZB, Sinyov VV, Medvedeva LV, Sagaidak MO, Makeev VJ, Kolmychkova KI, Smirnova AS, Sukhorukov VN, Postnov AY, Grechko AV, Orekhov AN. Heteroplasmic Variants of Mitochondrial DNA in Atherosclerotic Lesions of Human Aortic Intima. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9090455. [PMID: 31500189 PMCID: PMC6770808 DOI: 10.3390/biom9090455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are likely involved in atherogenesis. Since the mitochondrial genome variation can alter functional activity of cells, it is necessary to assess the presence in atherosclerotic lesions of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) heteroplasmic mutations known to be associated with different pathological processes and ageing. In this study, mtDNA heteroplasmy and copy number (mtCN) were evaluated in the autopsy-derived samples of aortic intima differing by the type of atherosclerotic lesions. To detect mtDNA heteroplasmic variants, next generation sequencing was used, and mtCN measurement was performed by qPCR. It was shown that mtDNA heteroplasmic mutations are characteristic for particular areas of intimal tissue; in 83 intimal samples 55 heteroplasmic variants were found; mean minor allele frequencies level accounted for 0.09, with 12% mean heteroplasmy level. The mtCN variance measured in adjacent areas of intima was high, but atherosclerotic lesions and unaffected intima did not differ significantly in mtCN values. Basing on the ratio of minor and major nucleotide mtDNA variants, we can conclude that there exists the increase in the number of heteroplasmic mtDNA variants, which corresponds to the extent of atherosclerotic morphologic phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor A Sobenin
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, 121552 Moscow, Russia.
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia.
- Research Institute of Threpsology and Healthy Longevity, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, 115093 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Andrey V Zhelankin
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, 119435 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Zukhra B Khasanova
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, 121552 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Vasily V Sinyov
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, 121552 Moscow, Russia.
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Lyudmila V Medvedeva
- Federal Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs, 123182 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Maria O Sagaidak
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, 117971 Moscow, Russia.
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, 141701 Moscow Region, Russia.
| | - Vsevolod J Makeev
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, 117971 Moscow, Russia.
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, 141701 Moscow Region, Russia.
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Kira I Kolmychkova
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Skolkovo Innovation Center, 143026 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Anna S Smirnova
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Skolkovo Innovation Center, 143026 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Vasily N Sukhorukov
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, 121552 Moscow, Russia.
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Anton Y Postnov
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, 121552 Moscow, Russia.
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Andrey V Grechko
- Federal Scientific Clinical Center for Resuscitation and Rehabilitation, 141534 Moscow Region, Russia.
| | - Alexander N Orekhov
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Skolkovo Innovation Center, 143026 Moscow, Russia.
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418 Moscow, Russia.
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26
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Ashar FN, Zhang Y, Longchamps RJ, Lane J, Moes A, Grove ML, Mychaleckyj JC, Taylor KD, Coresh J, Rotter JI, Boerwinkle E, Pankratz N, Guallar E, Arking DE. Association of Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number With Cardiovascular Disease. JAMA Cardiol 2019; 2:1247-1255. [PMID: 29049454 DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio.2017.3683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Importance Mitochondrial dysfunction is a core component of the aging process and may play a key role in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN), which represents the number of mitochondria per cell and number of mitochondrial genomes per mitochondrion, is an indirect biomarker of mitochondrial function. Objective To determine whether mtDNA-CN, measured in an easily accessible tissue (buffy coat/circulating leukocytes), can improve risk classification for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and help guide initiation of statin therapy for primary prevention of CVD. Design, Setting, and Participants Prospective, population-based cohort analysis including 21 870 participants (20 163 free from CVD at baseline) from 3 studies: Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS), Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (ARIC), and Multiethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). The mean follow-up was 13.5 years. The study included 11 153 participants from ARIC, 4830 from CHS, and 5887 from MESA. Analysis of the data was conducted from March 10, 2014, to January 29, 2017. Exposures Mitochondrial DNA-CN measured from buffy coat/circulating leukocytes. Main Outcomes and Measures Incident CVD, which combines coronary heart disease, defined as the first incident myocardial infarction or death owing to coronary heart disease, and stroke, defined as the first nonfatal stroke or death owing to stroke. Results Of the 21 870 participants, the mean age was 62.4 years (ARIC, 57.9 years; MESA, 62.4 years; and CHS, 72.5 years), and 54.7% of participants were women. The hazard ratios for incident coronary heart disease, stroke, and CVD associated with a 1-SD decrease in mtDNA-CN were 1.29 (95% CI, 1.24-1.33), 1.11 (95% CI, 1.06-1.16), and 1.23 (95% CI, 1.19-1.26). The associations persisted after adjustment for traditional CVD risk factors. Addition of mtDNA-CN to the 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Pooled Cohorts Equations for estimating 10-year hard atherosclerosis CVD risk was associated with improved risk classification (continuous net reclassification index, 0.194; 95% CI, 0.130-0.258; P < .001). Mitochondrial DNA-CN further improved sensitivity and specificity for the 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association recommendations on initiating statin therapy for primary prevention of ASCVD (net 221 individuals appropriately downclassified and net 15 individuals appropriately upclassified). Conclusions and Relevance Mitochondrial DNA-CN was independently associated with incident CVD in 3 large prospective studies and may have potential clinical utility in improving CVD risk classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foram N Ashar
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Yiyi Zhang
- Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, and Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ryan J Longchamps
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - John Lane
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Anna Moes
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Megan L Grove
- School of Public Health, Human Genetics Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | | | - Kent D Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences and Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor, University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance
| | - Josef Coresh
- Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, and Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences and Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor, University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance.,Division of Genomic Outcomes, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Harbor, University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- School of Public Health, Human Genetics Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | - Nathan Pankratz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Eliseo Guallar
- Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, and Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Dan E Arking
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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27
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Fazzini F, Lamina C, Fendt L, Schultheiss UT, Kotsis F, Hicks AA, Meiselbach H, Weissensteiner H, Forer L, Krane V, Eckardt KU, Köttgen A, Kronenberg F. Mitochondrial DNA copy number is associated with mortality and infections in a large cohort of patients with chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int 2019; 96:480-488. [PMID: 31248648 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2019.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Damage of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) with reduction in copy number has been proposed as a biomarker for mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with increased mortality and risk of cardiovascular disease, but the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Here we investigated the prognostic role of mtDNA copy number for cause-specific mortality in 4812 patients from the German Chronic Kidney Disease study, an ongoing prospective observational national cohort study of patients with CKD stage G3 and A1-3 or G1-2 with overt proteinuria (A3) at enrollment. MtDNA was quantified in whole blood using a plasmid-normalized PCR-based assay. At baseline, 1235 patients had prevalent cardiovascular disease. These patients had a significantly lower mtDNA copy number than patients without cardiovascular disease (fully-adjusted model: odds ratio 1.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-1.05 per 10 mtDNA copies decrease). After four years of follow-up, we observed a significant inverse association between mtDNA copy number and all-cause mortality, adjusted for kidney function and cardiovascular disease risk factors (hazard ratio 1.37, 95% CI 1.09-1.73 for quartile 1 compared to quartiles 2-4). When grouped by causes of death, estimates pointed in the same direction for all causes but in a fully-adjusted model decreased copy numbers were significantly lower only in infection-related death (hazard ratio 1.82, 95% CI 1.08-3.08). A similar association was observed for hospitalizations due to infections in 644 patients (hazard ratio 1.19, 95% CI 1.00-1.42 in the fully-adjusted model). Thus, our data support a role of mitochondrial dysfunction in increased cardiovascular disease and mortality risks as well as susceptibility to infections in patients with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Fazzini
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Claudia Lamina
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Liane Fendt
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ulla T Schultheiss
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Renal Division, Department of Medicine IV, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Fruzsina Kotsis
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andrew A Hicks
- Institute for Biomedicine, EURAC Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Heike Meiselbach
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hansi Weissensteiner
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lukas Forer
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Vera Krane
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Nephrology and Comprehensive Heart Failure Centre, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany; Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna Köttgen
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Florian Kronenberg
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
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28
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Wang XB, Cui NH, Zhang S, Liu ZJ, Ma JF, Ming L. Leukocyte telomere length, mitochondrial DNA copy number, and coronary artery disease risk and severity: A two-stage case-control study of 3064 Chinese subjects. Atherosclerosis 2019; 284:165-172. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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29
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Chocron ES, Munkácsy E, Pickering AM. Cause or casualty: The role of mitochondrial DNA in aging and age-associated disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:285-297. [PMID: 30419337 PMCID: PMC6310633 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) represents a tiny fraction of the whole genome, comprising just 16.6 kilobases encoding 37 genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation and the mitochondrial translation machinery. Despite its small size, much interest has developed in recent years regarding the role of mtDNA as a determinant of both aging and age-associated diseases. A number of studies have presented compelling evidence for key roles of mtDNA in age-related pathology, although many are correlative rather than demonstrating cause. In this review we will evaluate the evidence supporting and opposing a role for mtDNA in age-associated functional declines and diseases. We provide an overview of mtDNA biology, damage and repair as well as the influence of mitochondrial haplogroups, epigenetics and maternal inheritance in aging and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Sandra Chocron
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78245-3207, USA
| | - Erin Munkácsy
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78245-3207, USA
| | - Andrew M Pickering
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78245-3207, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78245-3207, USA.
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30
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Yue P, Jing S, Liu L, Ma F, Zhang Y, Wang C, Duan H, Zhou K, Hua Y, Wu G, Li Y. Association between mitochondrial DNA copy number and cardiovascular disease: Current evidence based on a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206003. [PMID: 30403687 PMCID: PMC6221293 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mitochondria are energy-producing structure of the cell and help to maintain redox environment. In cardiovascular disease, the number of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) will changes accordingly compare to normal condition. Some investigators ask whether it has a clear association between mtDNA and cardiovascular disease with its adverse events. Thus, we conduct the meta-analysis to assess the role of circulating mtDNA in evaluating cardiovascular disease. Methods The meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with a predetermined protocol following the recommendations of Cochrane Handbook of Systematic Reviews. We searched the Pubmed, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and World Health Organization clinical trials registry center to identify relevant studies up to the end of October 2017. Data were analyzed using STATA. Besides, publication bias and meta-regression analysis were also conducted. Results We collected results from 5 articles for further analyses with 8,252 cases and 20,904 control. The normalized mtDNA copy number level is lower in cardiovascular disease (CVD) than the control groups with a pooled standard mean difference (SMD) of -0.36(95%CI,-0.65 to -0.08); The pooled odds ratio (OR) for CVD proportion associated with a 1-SD (standard deviation) decrease in mtDNA copy number level is 1.23 (95% CI,1.06–1.42); The OR for CVD patients with mtDNA copy number lower than median level is 1.88(95% CI,1.65–2.13); The OR for CVD patients with mtDNA copy number located in the lowest quartile part is 2.15(95% CI, 1.46–3.18); the OR between mtDNA copy number and the risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) is 1.83(95% CI, 1.22–2.74). Conclusion Although inter-study variability, the overall performance test of mtDNA for evaluating CVD and SCD revealed that the mtDNA copy number presented the potential to be a biomarker for CVD and SCD prediction. Given that, the fewer copies of mtDNA, the higher the risk of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yue
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Women and Children's Diseases and Birth Defects, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Siyuan Jing
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Women and Children's Diseases and Birth Defects, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fan Ma
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Women and Children's Diseases and Birth Defects, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Women and Children's Diseases and Birth Defects, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Women and Children's Diseases and Birth Defects, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongyu Duan
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Women and Children's Diseases and Birth Defects, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Kaiyu Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Women and Children's Diseases and Birth Defects, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yimin Hua
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Women and Children's Diseases and Birth Defects, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Women and Children's Diseases and Birth Defects, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yifei Li
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Women and Children's Diseases and Birth Defects, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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31
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Busnelli A, Lattuada D, Ferrari S, Reschini M, Colciaghi B, Somigliana E, Fedele L, Ferrazzi E. Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number in Peripheral Blood in the First Trimester of Pregnancy and Different Preeclampsia Clinical Phenotypes Development: A Pilot Study. Reprod Sci 2018; 26:1054-1061. [PMID: 30296910 DOI: 10.1177/1933719118804410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation and oxidative stress are intrinsically linked to early poor placentation, typical of pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia associated with intrauterine growth restriction (PE-IUGR). Low mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) in peripheral blood constitutes a good peripheral surrogate marker of inflammation and oxidative stress. On these basis, we explored a possible correlation between mtDNAcn in peripheral blood in the first trimester of pregnancy and the PE-IUGR onset. To shed light on this issue, we setup a nested case-control study from a prospective cohort of pregnant women undergoing first-trimester aneuploidies screening. Two groups of patients affected by PE classified according to the clinical phenotype were identified: (1) patients who developed PE-IUGR and (2) patients who developed PE associated with appropriate for gestational age intrauterine fetal growth (PE-AGAf). Controls were women with a physiologic pregnancy matched to cases on the basis of age (±6 months, ratio 2:1). Mitochondrial DNA copy number was quantified using real-time polymerase chain reaction and normalized to nuclear DNA. The median (interquartile range) mtDNAcn in peripheral blood in patients with PE-IUGR (n = 12) and in patients with PE-AGAf (n = 16) was 70 (44-97) and 108 (95-145), respectively (P = .004). Both these values were significantly lower than that detected in the control group (161[133-183], P < .001). The area under the receiver-operator curve for PE-IUGR and PE-AGAf were 0.94 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.88-1.00, P < .001) and 0.81 (95%CI: 0.70-0.91, P < .001), respectively. In conclusion, MtDNAcn in peripheral blood resulted significantly lower both in patients affected by PE-IUGR and in those affected by PE-AGAf when compared to controls. The accuracy of this biomarker resulted particularly good in predicting PE-IUGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Busnelli
- 1 Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,2 Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Debora Lattuada
- 2 Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Ferrari
- 2 Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Reschini
- 2 Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Colciaghi
- 2 Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Edgardo Somigliana
- 1 Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,2 Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Fedele
- 1 Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,2 Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Ferrazzi
- 1 Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,2 Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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32
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Busnelli A, Lattuada D, Rossetti R, Paffoni A, Persani L, Fedele L, Somigliana E. Mitochondrial DNA copy number in peripheral blood: a potential non-invasive biomarker for female subfertility. J Assist Reprod Genet 2018; 35:1987-1994. [PMID: 30120634 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-018-1291-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Low mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content in oocytes and in cumulus cells is an indicator of poor oocyte quality. Moreover, initial evidence showed a correlation between mtDNA content in cumulus cells and mtDNA copy number in peripheral blood cells. On these bases, we deemed of interest investigating the correlation between mtDNA copy number in peripheral blood and natural fecundity. METHODS This is a nested case-control study drawn from a prospective cohort of pregnant women referred for routine first trimester screening for aneuploidies (from 11 + 0 to 12 + 6 weeks of gestation) between January 2012 and March 2013 at the "Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico" of Milan, Italy. Cases were subfertile women who attempted to become pregnant for 12-24 months. Controls were the two subsequently age-matched women who became pregnant in less than 1 year. MtDNA was quantified using real-time PCR and normalized to nuclear DNA. RESULTS One hundred and four subfertile women and 208 controls were selected. The median (IQR) mtDNA copy number was 95 (73-124) and 145 (106-198), respectively (p < 0.001). The area under the ROC curve was 0.73 (95% CI 0.67-0.79) (p < 0.001). The Youden index was 105 mtDNA copy number. The crude OR for subfertility in women with mtDNA copy number below this threshold was 5.72 (95% CI 3.43-9.55). The accuracy of mtDNA copy number assessment in peripheral blood progressively decreased with increasing female age. CONCLUSIONS Low mtDNA copy number in peripheral blood is associated with an increased risk of subfertility and may represent a biomarker of natural fecundity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Busnelli
- Infertility Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via M. Fanti, 6, 20122, Milan, Italy. .,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Debora Lattuada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Rossetti
- Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, San Luca Hospital, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessio Paffoni
- Infertility Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via M. Fanti, 6, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Persani
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, San Luca Hospital, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Fedele
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Edgardo Somigliana
- Infertility Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via M. Fanti, 6, 20122, Milan, Italy.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Reversing wrinkled skin and hair loss in mice by restoring mitochondrial function. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:735. [PMID: 30026579 PMCID: PMC6053453 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0765-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) depletion is involved in mtDNA depletion syndromes, mitochondrial diseases, aging and aging-associated chronic diseases, and other human pathologies. To evaluate the consequences of depletion of mtDNA in the whole animal, we created an inducible mtDNA-depleter mouse expressing, in the polymerase domain of POLG1, a dominant-negative mutation to induce depletion of mtDNA in various tissues. These mice showed reduced mtDNA content, reduced mitochondrial gene expression, and instability of supercomplexes involved in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) resulting in reduced OXPHOS enzymatic activities. We demonstrate that ubiquitous depletion of mtDNA in mice leads to predominant and profound effects on the skin resulting in wrinkles and visual hair loss with an increased number of dysfunctional hair follicles and inflammatory responses. Development of skin wrinkle was associated with the significant epidermal hyperplasia, hyperkeratosis, increased expression of matrix metalloproteinases, and decreased expression of matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor TIMP1. We also discovered markedly increased skin inflammation that appears to be a contributing factor in skin pathology. Histopathologic analyses revealed dysfunctional hair follicles. mtDNA-depleter mice also show changes in expression of aging-associated markers including IGF1R, KLOTHO, VEGF, and MRPS5. mtDNA-repleter mice showed that, by turning off the mutant POLG1 transgene expression, mitochondrial function, as well as the skin and hair pathology, is reversed to wild-type level. To our knowledge that restoration of mitochondrial functions can reverse the skin and hair pathology is unprecedented.
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Wang YL, Yu W. Association of circulating microRNA-122 with presence and severity of atherosclerotic lesions. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5218. [PMID: 30013851 PMCID: PMC6035718 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective MicroRNA (miR)-122 is highly expressed in the liver, where it has been implicated as a regulator of fatty-acid metabolism. A recent study reported that miR-122 plays a role in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis; however, whether it connects with severity of atherosclerotic lesion is still controversial. We therefore investigated the association between miR-122 expression and presence and severity of coronary atherosclerotic plaque. Methods During January–November 2017, we included 300 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and 100 subjects as the control group. MiR-122 content was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. MiR-122 level was identified in all subjects, and the Spearman correlation between miR-122 and severity of atherosclerosis was analyzed. Results Patients with CHD had higher miR-122 expression than in control group (2.61, 0.91–8.86 vs. 1.62, 0.71–3.45, p < 0.001). Gensini score was significantly associated with miR-122 expression (r = 0.7964, p < 0.001). The odds ratio of miR-122 solely was 0.12 (95% CI [0.05–0.43]) and factors such as cholesterol, triglyceride together with miR-122 level were closely associated with atherosclerosis (all p < 0.001). Conclusions The serum level of miR-122 may be used to differentiate between mild and severe coronary atherosclerotic lesion. Use of this marker might allow non-invasive diagnosis the degree of coronary atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Long Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Haiyan People's Hospital, Haiyan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wen Yu
- Department of Geriatric, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Al-Kafaji G, Aljadaan A, Kamal A, Bakhiet M. Peripheral blood mitochondrial DNA copy number as a novel potential biomarker for diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes patients. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:1483-1492. [PMID: 30116398 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) is a surrogate measure of mitochondrial function and altered mtDNA-CN reflects the oxidant-induced cell damage. A previous study by our group demonstrated that a reduction in the renal mtDNA-CN is implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN), a leading cause of end-stage renal disease in diabetic patients. In the present study, it was investigated whether the mtDNA-CN in the peripheral blood may be utilized as a biomarker for DN in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients. The study included 50 non-diabetic and 100 diabetic subjects. The diabetic subjects were sub-divided based on their albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) into T2D patients with normoalbuminuria (n=50), DN patients with microalbuminuria (n=29) and DN patients with macroalbuminuria (n=21). The mtDNA-CN was measured in the peripheral blood by real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis. Patients with DN had a lower mtDNA-CN than patients with T2D and healthy controls (P<0.05). A sub-group analysis with stratification by the ACR indicated that a decreased mtDNA-CN was associated with the severity and the presence of DN, as it was lower in DN patients with macroalbuminuria than in DN patients with microalbuminuria and T2D patients with normoalbuminuria (P<0.01). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for mtDNA-CN was 0.916 (sensitivity, 86% and specificity, 74%) and 0.961 (sensitivity, 96% and specificity, 88%) for differentiating DN patients from T2D patients without DN and from healthy controls, respectively. Furthermore, the AUC of mtDNA-CN for differentiating DN patients with microalbuminuria from those with macroalbuminuria was 0.895 (sensitivity, 83% and specificity, 85%). Multivariate analysis revealed that the mtDNA-CN was significantly associated with the occurrence and progression of DN, even after adjustment for age, mean blood pressure, glycated haemoglobin A1c and total cholesterol (P<0.05). In patients with DN, a decreased mtDNA-CN was negatively correlated with albuminuria and conventional risk factors for DN, and was positively correlated with the estimated glomerular filtration rate. The present results therefore suggest the utilization of circulating mtDNA-CN as a novel biomarker for the early diagnosis of DN and indicate the significance of decreased mtDNA-CN as another independent risk factor for DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada Al-Kafaji
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Al-Jawhara Centre for Molecular Medicine, Genetics and Inherited Disorders, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 329, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Abdulah Aljadaan
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Al-Jawhara Centre for Molecular Medicine, Genetics and Inherited Disorders, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 329, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Amer Kamal
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 329, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Moiz Bakhiet
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Al-Jawhara Centre for Molecular Medicine, Genetics and Inherited Disorders, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 329, Kingdom of Bahrain
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