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Lin Y, Lubman DM. The role of N-glycosylation in cancer. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:1098-1110. [PMID: 38486989 PMCID: PMC10935144 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in understanding the development and progression of cancer in recent years, there remains a lack of comprehensive characterization of the cancer glycoproteome. Glycoproteins play an important role in medicine and are involved in various human disease conditions including cancer. Glycan-moieties participate in fundamental cancer processes like cell signaling, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Aberrant N-glycosylation significantly impacts cancer processes and targeted therapies in clinic. Therefore, understanding N-glycosylation in a tumor is essential for comprehending disease progression and discovering anti-cancer targets and biomarkers for therapy monitoring and diagnosis. This review presents the fundamental process of protein N-glycosylation and summarizes glycosylation changes in tumor cells, including increased terminal sialylation, N-glycan branching, and core-fucosylation. Also, the role of N-glycosylation in tumor signaling pathways, migration, and metabolism are discussed. Glycoproteins and glycopeptides as potential biomarkers for early detection of cancer based on site specificity have been introduced. Collectively, understanding and exploring the cancer glycoproteome, along with its role in medicine, implication in cancer and other human diseases, highlights the significance of N-glycosylation in tumor processes, necessitating further research for potential anti-cancer targets and biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Lin
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - David M. Lubman
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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2
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Yu S, Chen C, Chen M, Liang J, Jiang K, Lou B, Lu J, Zhu X, Zhou D. MAGOH promotes gastric cancer progression via hnRNPA1 expression inhibition-mediated RONΔ160/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway activation. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:32. [PMID: 38268030 PMCID: PMC10809607 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-02946-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is associated with high mortality and heterogeneity and poses a great threat to humans. Gene therapies for the receptor tyrosine kinase RON and its spliceosomes are attracting increasing amounts of attention due to their unique characteristics. However, little is known about the mechanism involved in the formation of the RON mRNA alternative spliceosome RONΔ160. METHODS Fourteen human GC tissue samples and six normal gastric tissue samples were subjected to label-free relative quantitative proteomics analysis, and MAGOH was identified as a candidate protein for subsequent studies. The expression of MAGOH in clinical specimens was verified by quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting. We then determined the biological function of MAGOH in GC through in vitro and in vivo experiments. RNA pulldown, RNA sequencing and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) were subsequently conducted to uncover the underlying mechanism by which MAGOH regulated the formation of RONΔ160. RESULTS Proteomic analysis revealed that MAGOH, which is located at key nodes and participates in RNA processing and mRNA splicing, was upregulated in GC tissue and GC cell lines and was associated with poor prognosis. Functional analysis showed that MAGOH promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of GC cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, MAGOH inhibited the expression of hnRNPA1 and reduced the binding of hnRNPA1 to RON mRNA, thereby promoting the formation of RONΔ160 to activate the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and consequently facilitating GC progression. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed that MAGOH could promote the formation of RONΔ160 and activate the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway through the inhibition of hnRNPA1 expression. We elucidate a novel mechanism and potential therapeutic targets for the growth and metastasis of GC based on the MAGOH-RONΔ160 axis, and these findings have important guiding significance and clinical value for the future development of effective therapeutic strategies for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Yu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinxiao Liang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kecheng Jiang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bin Lou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohua Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Donghui Zhou
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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Diniz F, Lamas S, Osório H, Aguiar P, Freitas D, Gärtner F, Sarmento B, Reis CA, Gomes J. Nanoparticles targeting Sialyl-Tn for efficient tyrosine kinase inhibitor delivery in gastric cancer. Acta Biomater 2023; 170:142-154. [PMID: 37586448 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide and, therefore, it is urgent to develop new and more efficient therapeutic approaches. Foretinib (FRT) is an oral multikinase inhibitor targeting MET (hepatocyte growth factor receptor) and RON (recepteur d'origine nantais) receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) that has been used in clinical trials for several solid tumors. Targeted uptake of therapeutic polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) represents a powerful approach in cancer cell drug delivery. Previously, a nanodelivery system composed of polymeric NPs functionalized with B72.3 antibody, which targets the tumor-associated antigen Sialyl-Tn (STn), has been developed. Herein, these NPs were loaded with FRT to evaluate its capacity in delivering the drug to multicellular tumors spheroids (MCTS) and mouse models. The data indicated that B72.3 functionalized FRT-loaded PLGA-PEG-COOH NPs (NFB72.3) specifically target gastric MCTS expressing the STn glycan (MKN45 SimpleCell (SC) cells), leading to a decrease in phospho-RTKs activation and reduced cell viability. In vivo evaluation using MKN45 SC xenograft mice revealed that NFB72.3 were able to decrease tumor growth, reduce cell proliferation and tumor necrosis. NFB72.3-treated tumors also showed inactivation of phospho-MET and phospho-RON. This study demonstrates the value of using NPs targeting STn for FRT delivery, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic application in GC. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite the advances in gastric cancer therapeutics, it remains one of the diseases with the highest incidence and mortality in the world. Combining targeted therapies with a controlled drug release is an attractive strategy to reduce drug cytotoxic effects and improve specific drug delivery efficiency to the cancer cells. Thus, we developed nanoparticles loaded with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor and targeting a specific tumor glycan exclusive of cancer cells. In in vivo gastric cancer xenograft mice models, these nanoparticles efficiently reduced tumor growth, cell proliferation and tumor necrosis area and inactivated phosphorylation of targeting receptors. This approach represents an innovative therapeutic strategy with high impact in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Diniz
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sofia Lamas
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135, Portugal
| | - Hugo Osório
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paulo Aguiar
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniela Freitas
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fátima Gärtner
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; CESPU-IUCS, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Celso A Reis
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; FMUP - Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Joana Gomes
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
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Chrastinová L, Pastva O, Bocková M, Kovářová H, Ceznerová E, Kotlín R, Pecherková P, Štikarová J, Hlaváčková A, Havlíček M, Válka J, Homola J, Suttnar J. Linking aberrant glycosylation of plasma glycoproteins with progression of myelodysplastic syndromes: a study based on plasmonic biosensor and lectin array. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12816. [PMID: 37550349 PMCID: PMC10406930 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39927-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant glycosylation of glycoproteins has been linked with various pathologies. Therefore, understanding the relationship between aberrant glycosylation patterns and the onset and progression of the disease is an important research goal that may provide insights into cancer diagnosis and new therapy development. In this study, we use a surface plasmon resonance imaging biosensor and a lectin array to investigate aberrant glycosylation patterns associated with oncohematological disease-myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). In particular, we detected the interaction between the lectins and glycoproteins present in the blood plasma of patients (three MDS subgroups with different risks of progression to acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and AML patients) and healthy controls. The interaction with lectins from Aleuria aurantia (AAL) and Erythrina cristagalli was more pronounced for plasma samples of the MDS and AML patients, and there was a significant difference between the sensor response to the interaction of AAL with blood plasma from low and medium-risk MDS patients and healthy controls. Our data also suggest that progression from MDS to AML is accompanied by sialylation of glycoproteins and increased levels of truncated O-glycans and that the number of lectins that allow discriminating different stages of disease increases as the disease progresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leona Chrastinová
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic.
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, U Nemocnice 1, 128 20, Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Ondřej Pastva
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Markéta Bocková
- Institute of Photonics and Electronics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Kovářová
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eliška Ceznerová
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Kotlín
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavla Pecherková
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Štikarová
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Marek Havlíček
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Válka
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Homola
- Institute of Photonics and Electronics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Suttnar
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
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5
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Yue Z, Yu Y, Gao B, Wang D, Sun H, Feng Y, Ma Z, Xie X. Advances in protein glycosylation and its role in tissue repair and regeneration. Glycoconj J 2023; 40:355-373. [PMID: 37097318 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-023-10117-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
After tissue damage, a series of molecular and cellular events are initiated to promote tissue repair and regeneration to restore its original structure and function. These events include inter-cell communication, cell proliferation, cell migration, extracellular matrix differentiation, and other critical biological processes. Glycosylation is the crucial conservative and universal post-translational modification in all eukaryotic cells [1], with influential roles in intercellular recognition, regulation, signaling, immune response, cellular transformation, and disease development. Studies have shown that abnormally glycosylation of proteins is a well-recognized feature of cancer cells, and specific glycan structures are considered markers of tumor development. There are many studies on gene expression and regulation during tissue repair and regeneration. Still, there needs to be more knowledge of complex carbohydrates' effects on tissue repair and regeneration, such as glycosylation. Here, we present a review of studies investigating protein glycosylation in the tissue repair and regeneration process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyu Yue
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yajie Yu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Boyuan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Du Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hongxiao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yue Feng
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zihan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
- GeWu Medical Research Institute (GMRI), Xi'an, China.
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6
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Reproducing extracellular matrix adverse remodelling of non-ST myocardial infarction in a large animal model. Nat Commun 2023; 14:995. [PMID: 36813782 PMCID: PMC9945840 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36350-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The rising incidence of non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and associated long-term high mortality constitutes an urgent clinical issue. Unfortunately, the study of possible interventions to treat this pathology lacks a reproducible pre-clinical model. Indeed, currently adopted small and large animal models of MI mimic only full-thickness, ST-segment-elevation (STEMI) infarcts, and hence cater only for an investigation into therapeutics and interventions directed at this subset of MI. Thus, we develop an ovine model of NSTEMI by ligating the myocardial muscle at precise intervals parallel to the left anterior descending coronary artery. Upon histological and functional investigation to validate the proposed model and comparison with STEMI full ligation model, RNA-seq and proteomics show the distinctive features of post-NSTEMI tissue remodelling. Transcriptome and proteome-derived pathway analyses at acute (7 days) and late (28 days) post-NSTEMI pinpoint specific alterations in cardiac post-ischaemic extracellular matrix. Together with the rise of well-known markers of inflammation and fibrosis, NSTEMI ischaemic regions show distinctive patterns of complex galactosylated and sialylated N-glycans in cellular membranes and extracellular matrix. Identifying such changes in molecular moieties accessible to infusible and intra-myocardial injectable drugs sheds light on developing targeted pharmacological solutions to contrast adverse fibrotic remodelling.
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7
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Marciel MP, Haldar B, Hwang J, Bhalerao N, Bellis SL. Role of tumor cell sialylation in pancreatic cancer progression. Adv Cancer Res 2022; 157:123-155. [PMID: 36725107 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the deadliest malignancies and is currently the third leading cause of cancer death. The aggressiveness of PDAC stems from late diagnosis, early metastasis, and poor efficacy of current chemotherapies. Thus, there is an urgent need for effective biomarkers for early detection of PDAC and development of new therapeutic strategies. It has long been known that cellular glycosylation is dysregulated in pancreatic cancer cells, however, tumor-associated glycans and their cognate glycosylating enzymes have received insufficient attention as potential clinical targets. Aberrant glycosylation affects a broad range of pathways that underpin tumor initiation, metastatic progression, and resistance to cancer treatment. One of the prevalent alterations in the cancer glycome is an enrichment in a select group of sialylated glycans including sialylated, branched N-glycans, sialyl Lewis antigens, and sialylated forms of truncated O-glycans such as the sialyl Tn antigen. These modifications affect the activity of numerous cell surface receptors, which collectively impart malignant characteristics typified by enhanced cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis-resistance. Additionally, sialic acids on tumor cells engage inhibitory Siglec receptors on immune cells to dampen anti-tumor immunity, further promoting cancer progression. The goal of this review is to summarize the predominant changes in sialylation occurring in pancreatic cancer, the biological functions of sialylated glycoproteins in cancer pathogenesis, and the emerging strategies for targeting sialoglycans and Siglec receptors in cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Marciel
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Barnita Haldar
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Jihye Hwang
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Nikita Bhalerao
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Susan L Bellis
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.
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Proceedings of workshop: "Neuroglycoproteins in health and disease", INNOGLY cost action. Glycoconj J 2022; 39:579-586. [PMID: 36001187 PMCID: PMC9399589 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-022-10078-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The Cost Action "Innovation with glycans: new frontiers from synthesis to new biological targets" (INNOGLY) hosted the Workshop "Neuroglycoproteins in health and disease", in Alicante, Spain, on March 2022. This event brought together an european group of scientists that presented novel insights into changes in glycosylation in diseases of the central nervous system and cancer, as well as new techniques to study protein glycosylation. Herein we provide the abstracts of all the presentations.
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Glycosyltransferases in Cancer: Prognostic Biomarkers of Survival in Patient Cohorts and Impact on Malignancy in Experimental Models. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14092128. [PMID: 35565254 PMCID: PMC9100214 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Glycosylation changes are a main feature of cancer. Some carbohydrate epitopes and expression levels of glycosyltransferases have been used or proposed as prognostic markers, while many experimental works have investigated the role of glycosyltransferases in malignancy. Using the transcriptomic data of the 21 TCGA cohorts, we correlated the expression level of 114 glycosyltransferases with the overall survival of patients. Methods: Using the Oncolnc website, we determined the Kaplan−Meier survival curves for the patients falling in the 15% upper or lower percentile of mRNA expression of each glycosyltransferase. Results: Seventeen glycosyltransferases involved in initial steps of N- or O-glycosylation and of glycolipid biosynthesis, in chain extension and sialylation were unequivocally associated with bad prognosis in a majority of cohorts. Four glycosyltransferases were associated with good prognosis. Other glycosyltransferases displayed an extremely high predictive value in only one or a few cohorts. The top were GALNT3, ALG6 and B3GNT7, which displayed a p < 1 × 10−9 in the low-grade glioma (LGG) cohort. Comparison with published experimental data points to ALG3, GALNT2, B4GALNT1, POFUT1, B4GALT5, B3GNT5 and ST3GAL2 as the most consistently malignancy-associated enzymes. Conclusions: We identified several cancer-associated glycosyltransferases as potential prognostic markers and therapeutic targets.
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Diniz F, Coelho P, Duarte HO, Sarmento B, Reis CA, Gomes J. Glycans as Targets for Drug Delivery in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14040911. [PMID: 35205658 PMCID: PMC8870586 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14040911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Alterations in glycosylation are frequently observed in cancer cells. Different strategies have been proposed to increase drug delivery to the tumor site in order to improve the therapeutic efficacy of anti-cancer drugs and avoid collateral cytotoxicity. The exploitation of drug delivery approaches directed to cancer-associated glycans has the potential to pave the way for better and more efficient personalized treatment practices. Such strategies taking advantage of aberrant cell surface glycosylation patterns enhance the targeting efficiency and optimize the delivery of clinically used drugs to cancer cells, with major potential for the clinical applications. Abstract Innovative strategies have been proposed to increase drug delivery to the tumor site and avoid cytotoxicity, improving the therapeutic efficacy of well-established anti-cancer drugs. Alterations in normal glycosylation processes are frequently observed in cancer cells and the resulting cell surface aberrant glycans can be used as direct molecular targets for drug delivery. In the present review, we address the development of strategies, such as monoclonal antibodies, antibody–drug conjugates and nanoparticles that specific and selectively target cancer-associated glycans in tumor cells. The use of nanoparticles for drug delivery encompasses novel applications in cancer therapy, including vaccines encapsulated in synthetic nanoparticles and specific nanoparticles that target glycoproteins or glycan-binding proteins. Here, we highlight their potential to enhance targeting approaches and to optimize the delivery of clinically approved drugs to the tumor microenvironment, paving the way for improved personalized treatment approaches with major potential importance for the pharmaceutical and clinical sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Diniz
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (F.D.); (P.C.); (H.O.D.); (B.S.)
- IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Coelho
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (F.D.); (P.C.); (H.O.D.); (B.S.)
- IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Henrique O. Duarte
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (F.D.); (P.C.); (H.O.D.); (B.S.)
- IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (F.D.); (P.C.); (H.O.D.); (B.S.)
- INEB—Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- CESPU—Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Celso A. Reis
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (F.D.); (P.C.); (H.O.D.); (B.S.)
- IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (C.A.R.); (J.G.); Tel.: +351-220-408-800 (C.A.R. & J.G.)
| | - Joana Gomes
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (F.D.); (P.C.); (H.O.D.); (B.S.)
- IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (C.A.R.); (J.G.); Tel.: +351-220-408-800 (C.A.R. & J.G.)
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Wang J, Liu G, Liu M, Cai Q, Yao C, Chen H, Song N, Yuan C, Tan D, Hu Y, Xiang Y, Xiang T. High-Risk HPV16 E6 Activates the cGMP/PKG Pathway Through Glycosyltransferase ST6GAL1 in Cervical Cancer Cells. Front Oncol 2021; 11:716246. [PMID: 34745942 PMCID: PMC8564291 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.716246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in glycosylation regulate fundamental molecular and cellular processes of cancer, serving as important biomarkers and therapeutic targets. However, the potential association and regulatory mechanisms of E6 oncoprotein on glycosylation of cervical cancer cells are still unclear. Here, we evaluated the glycomic changes via using Lectin microarray and determined the corresponding enzymes associated with endogenous high-risk HPV16 E6 expression in cervical cancer cells. α-2,6 sialic acids and the corresponding glycosyltransferase ST6GAL1 were significantly increased in E6 stable-expressing HPV- cervical cancer C33A cells. Clinical validation further showed that the expression of ST6GAL1 was significantly increased in patients infected with high-risk HPV subtypes and showed a positive association with E6 in cervical scraping samples. Interfering ST6GAL1 expression markedly blocked the oncogenic effects of E6 on colony formulation, proliferation, and metastasis. Importantly, ST6GAL1 overexpression enhanced tumorigenic activities of both E6-positive and E6-negative cells. Mechanistical investigations revealed that E6 depended on activating YAP1 to stimulate ST6GAL1 expression, as verteporfin (inhibitor of YAP1) significantly suppressed the E6-induced ST6GAL1 upregulation. E6/ST6GAL1 triggered the activation of downstream cGMP/PKG signaling pathway and ODQ (inhibitor of GMP production) simultaneously suppressed the oncogenic activities of both E6 and ST6GAL1 in cervical cancer cells. Taken together, these findings indicate that ST6GAL1 is an important mediator for oncogenic E6 protein to activate the downstream cGMP/PKG signaling pathway, which represents a novel molecular mechanism and potential therapeutic targets for cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan Children’s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gao Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi Clinical College, Medical School of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, China
| | - Mei Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan Hankou Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Qinzhen Cai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan Children’s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cong Yao
- Health Care Department, Wuhan Children’s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Pathology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Neng Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese & Western Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunhui Yuan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan Children’s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Decai Tan
- Department of Science and Education, Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi Clinical College, Medical School of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, China
| | - Yuhai Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan Hankou Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Yun Xiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan Children’s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tian Xiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi Clinical College, Medical School of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, China
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12
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Zhang W, Yang Z, Gao X, Wu Q. Advances in the discovery of novel biomarkers for cancer: spotlight on protein N-glycosylation. Biomark Med 2021; 14:1031-1045. [PMID: 32940073 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2020-0185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Progress on glycosylation and tumor markers has not been extensively reported. Glycosylation plays an important part in post-translational modification. Previous research on glycosylation-modified biomarkers has lagged behind due to insufficient understanding of glycosylation-related regulations. However, some new methods and ideas illustrated in recent research may provide new inspirations in the field. This article aims to review current advances in revealing relationship between tumors and abnormal N-glycosylation and discuss leading-edge applications of N-glycosylation in developing novel tumor biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Zhiping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xiaoliang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, China.,Department of Clinical Nutrition, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, China
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13
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Contessotto P, Orbanić D, Da Costa M, Jin C, Owens P, Chantepie S, Chinello C, Newell J, Magni F, Papy-Garcia D, Karlsson NG, Kilcoyne M, Dockery P, Rodríguez-Cabello JC, Pandit A. Elastin-like recombinamers-based hydrogel modulates post-ischemic remodeling in a non-transmural myocardial infarction in sheep. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:13/581/eaaz5380. [PMID: 33597263 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaz5380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease is a leading cause of mortality due to irreversible damage to cardiac muscle. Inspired by the post-ischemic microenvironment, we devised an extracellular matrix (ECM)-mimicking hydrogel using catalyst-free click chemistry covalent bonding between two elastin-like recombinamers (ELRs). The resulting customized hydrogel included functional domains for cell adhesion and protease cleavage sites, sensitive to cleavage by matrix metalloproteases overexpressed after myocardial infarction (MI). The scaffold permitted stromal cell invasion and endothelial cell sprouting in vitro. The incidence of non-transmural infarcts has increased clinically over the past decade, and there is currently no treatment preventing further functional deterioration in the infarcted areas. Here, we have developed a clinically relevant ovine model of non-transmural infarcts induced by multiple suture ligations. Intramyocardial injections of the degradable ELRs-hydrogel led to complete functional recovery of ejection fraction 21 days after the intervention. We observed less fibrosis and more angiogenesis in the ELRs-hydrogel-treated ischemic core region compared to the untreated animals, as validated by the expression, proteomic, glycomic, and histological analyses. These findings were accompanied by enhanced preservation of GATA4+ cardiomyocytes in the border zone of the infarct. We propose that our customized ECM favors cardiomyocyte preservation in the border zone by modulating the ischemic core and a marked functional recovery. The functional benefits obtained by the timely injection of the ELRs-hydrogel in a clinically relevant MI model support the potential utility of this treatment for further clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Contessotto
- CÚRAM SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Doriana Orbanić
- Group for Advanced Materials and Nanobiotechnology (BIOFORGE Lab), CIBER-BBN, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Mark Da Costa
- CÚRAM SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
| | - Chunsheng Jin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Peter Owens
- Centre for Microscopy and Imaging, Anatomy, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Sandrine Chantepie
- Laboratory Cell Growth, Tissue Repair, and Regeneration (CRRET), EA UPEC 4397/ERL CNRS 9215, University Paris Est, Créteil, France
| | - Clizia Chinello
- Clinical Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Vedano al Lambro, Italy
| | - John Newell
- School of Mathematics, Statistics, and Applied Mathematics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Fulvio Magni
- Clinical Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Vedano al Lambro, Italy
| | - Dulce Papy-Garcia
- Laboratory Cell Growth, Tissue Repair, and Regeneration (CRRET), EA UPEC 4397/ERL CNRS 9215, University Paris Est, Créteil, France
| | - Niclas G Karlsson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Michelle Kilcoyne
- Carbohydrate Signalling Group, Microbiology, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Peter Dockery
- Centre for Microscopy and Imaging, Anatomy, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - José C Rodríguez-Cabello
- Group for Advanced Materials and Nanobiotechnology (BIOFORGE Lab), CIBER-BBN, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Abhay Pandit
- CÚRAM SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
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14
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Porębska N, Poźniak M, Matynia A, Żukowska D, Zakrzewska M, Otlewski J, Opaliński Ł. Galectins as modulators of receptor tyrosine kinases signaling in health and disease. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2021; 60:89-106. [PMID: 33863623 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2021.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) constitute a large group of cell surface proteins that mediate communication of cells with extracellular environment. RTKs recognize external signals and transfer information to the cell interior, modulating key cellular activities, like metabolism, proliferation, motility, or death. To ensure balanced stream of signals the activity of RTKs is tightly regulated by numerous mechanisms, including receptor expression and degradation, ligand specificity and availability, engagement of co-receptors, cellular trafficking of the receptors or their post-translational modifications. One of the most widespread post-translational modifications of RTKs is glycosylation of their extracellular domains. The sugar chains attached to RTKs form a new layer of information, so called glyco-code that is read by galectins, carbohydrate binding proteins. Galectins are family of fifteen lectins implicated in immune response, inflammation, cell division, motility and death. The versatility of cellular activities attributed to galectins is a result of their high abundance and diversity of their cellular targets. A various sugar specificity of galectins and the differential ability of galectin family members to form oligomers affect the spatial distribution and the function of their cellular targets. Importantly, galectins and RTKs are tightly linked to the development, progression and metastasis of various cancers. A growing number of studies points on the close cooperation between RTKs and galectins in eliciting specific cellular responses. This review focuses on the identified complexes between galectins and RTK members and discusses their relevance for the cell physiology both in healthy tissues and in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Porębska
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Department of Protein Engineering, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marta Poźniak
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Department of Protein Engineering, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Matynia
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Department of Protein Engineering, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Dominika Żukowska
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Department of Protein Engineering, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Zakrzewska
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Department of Protein Engineering, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Otlewski
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Department of Protein Engineering, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Łukasz Opaliński
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Department of Protein Engineering, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383, Wroclaw, Poland.
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15
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Aberrant protein glycosylation in cancer: implications in targeted therapy. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:843-854. [PMID: 33704376 DOI: 10.1042/bst20200763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant cell surface glycosylation signatures are currently known to actively drive the neoplastic transformation of healthy cells. By disrupting the homeostatic functions of their protein carriers, cancer-associated glycans mechanistically underpin several molecular hallmarks of human malignancy. Furthermore, such aberrant glycan structures play key roles in the acquisition of molecular resistance to targeted therapeutic agents, which compromises their clinical efficacy, by modulating tumour cell aggressiveness and supporting the establishment of an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Recent advances in the study of the tumour cell glycoproteome have unravelled previously elusive molecular mechanisms of therapeutic resistance, guided the rational design of novel personalized therapeutic strategies, and may further improve the clinical performance of currently approved anti-cancer targeted agents. In this review, we highlight the impact of glycosylation in cancer targeted therapy, with particular focus on receptor tyrosine kinase-targeted therapy, immune checkpoints blockade therapy, and current developments on therapeutic strategies directed to glycan-binding proteins and other innovative glycan therapeutic strategies.
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16
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Expression of Thomsen-Friedenreich Antigen in Colorectal Cancer and Association with Microsatellite Instability. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031340. [PMID: 33572915 PMCID: PMC7866256 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a molecular phenotype due to a deficient DNA mismatch repair (dMMR). In colorectal cancer (CRC), dMMR/MSI is associated with several clinical and histopathological features, influences prognosis, and is a predictive factor of response to therapy. In daily practice, dMMR/MSI profiles are identified by immunohistochemistry and/or multiplex PCR. The Thomsen-Friedenreich (TF) antigen was previously found to be a potential single marker to identify MSI-high gastric cancers. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to disclose a possible association between TF expression and MSI status in CRC. Furthermore, we evaluated the relationship between TF expression and other clinicopathological features, including patient survival. We evaluated the expression of the TF antigen in a cohort of 25 MSI-high and 71 microsatellite stable (MSS) CRCs. No association was observed between the expression of the TF antigen and MSI-high status in CRC. The survival analysis revealed that patients with MSI-high CRC showed improved survival when the TF antigen was expressed. This finding holds promise as it indicates the potential use of the TF antigen as a biomarker of better prognosis in MSI-high CRCs that should be validated in an independent and larger CRC cohort.
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17
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Martins ÁM, Ramos CC, Freitas D, Reis CA. Glycosylation of Cancer Extracellular Vesicles: Capture Strategies, Functional Roles and Potential Clinical Applications. Cells 2021; 10:cells10010109. [PMID: 33430152 PMCID: PMC7827205 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycans are major constituents of extracellular vesicles (EVs). Alterations in the glycosylation pathway are a common feature of cancer cells, which gives rise to de novo or increased synthesis of particular glycans. Therefore, glycans and glycoproteins have been widely used in the clinic as both stratification and prognosis cancer biomarkers. Interestingly, several of the known tumor-associated glycans have already been identified in cancer EVs, highlighting EV glycosylation as a potential source of circulating cancer biomarkers. These particles are crucial vehicles of cell–cell communication, being able to transfer molecular information and to modulate the recipient cell behavior. The presence of particular glycoconjugates has been described to be important for EV protein sorting, uptake and organ-tropism. Furthermore, specific EV glycans or glycoproteins have been described to be able to distinguish tumor EVs from benign EVs. In this review, the application of EV glycosylation in the development of novel EV detection and capture methodologies is discussed. In addition, we highlight the potential of EV glycosylation in the clinical setting for both cancer biomarker discovery and EV therapeutic delivery strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro M. Martins
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (Á.M.M.); (C.C.R.)
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (IPATIMUP), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cátia C. Ramos
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (Á.M.M.); (C.C.R.)
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (IPATIMUP), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Daniela Freitas
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (Á.M.M.); (C.C.R.)
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (IPATIMUP), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (D.F.); (C.A.R.); Tel.:+351-225-570-786 (C.A.R.)
| | - Celso A. Reis
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (Á.M.M.); (C.C.R.)
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (IPATIMUP), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (D.F.); (C.A.R.); Tel.:+351-225-570-786 (C.A.R.)
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18
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Kori M, Aydin B, Gulfidan G, Beklen H, Kelesoglu N, Caliskan Iscan A, Turanli B, Erzik C, Karademir B, Arga KY. The Repertoire of Glycan Alterations and Glycoproteins in Human Cancers. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2021; 25:139-168. [PMID: 33404348 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2020.0210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer as the leading cause of death worldwide has many issues that still need to be addressed. Since the alterations on the glycan compositions or/and structures (i.e., glycosylation, sialylation, and fucosylation) are common features of tumorigenesis, glycomics becomes an emerging field examining the structure and function of glycans. In the past, cancer studies heavily relied on genomics and transcriptomics with relatively little exploration of the glycan alterations and glycoprotein biomarkers among individuals and populations. Since glycosylation of proteins increases their structural complexity by several orders of magnitude, glycome studies resulted in highly dynamic biomarkers that can be evaluated for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy. Glycome not only integrates our genetic background with past and present environmental factors but also offers a promise of more efficient patient stratification compared with genetic variations. Therefore, studying glycans holds great potential for better diagnostic markers as well as developing more efficient treatment strategies in human cancers. While recent developments in glycomics and associated technologies now offer new possibilities to achieve a high-throughput profiling of glycan diversity, we aim to give an overview of the current status of glycan research and the potential applications of the glycans in the scope of the personalized medicine strategies for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Medi Kori
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Busra Aydin
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gizem Gulfidan
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hande Beklen
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nurdan Kelesoglu
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayşegul Caliskan Iscan
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Department of Pharmacy, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Beste Turanli
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Can Erzik
- Department of Medical Biology and School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Betul Karademir
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Genetic and Metabolic Diseases Research and Investigation Center, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kazim Yalcin Arga
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
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19
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Wu ZL, Person AD, Burton AJ, Singh R, Burroughs B, Fryxell D, Tatge TJ, Manning T, Wu G, Swift KAD, Kalabokis V. Direct fluorescent glycan labeling with recombinant sialyltransferases. Glycobiology 2020; 29:750-754. [PMID: 31361010 PMCID: PMC6835046 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwz058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation is a common modification found on numerous proteins and lipids. However, direct detection of glycans on these intact biomolecules has been challenge. Here, utilizing enzymatic incorporation of fluorophore-conjugated sialic acids, dubbed as direct fluorescent glycan labeling, we report the labeling and detection of N- and O-glycans on glycoproteins. The method allows detection of specific glycans without the laborious gel blotting and chemiluminescence reactions used in Western blotting. The method can also be used with a variety of fluorescent dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengliang L Wu
- Bio-Techne, R&D Systems, Inc., 614 McKinley Place NE Minneapolis, MN 55413, USA
| | - Anthony D Person
- Bio-Techne, R&D Systems, Inc., 614 McKinley Place NE Minneapolis, MN 55413, USA
| | - Andrew J Burton
- Bio-Techne, Tocris Bioscience, The Watkins Building, Atlantic Road, Avonmouth, Bristol BS11 9QD, UK
| | - Ravinder Singh
- Bio-Techne, R&D Systems, Inc., 614 McKinley Place NE Minneapolis, MN 55413, USA
| | - Barbara Burroughs
- Bio-Techne, R&D Systems, Inc., 614 McKinley Place NE Minneapolis, MN 55413, USA
| | - Dan Fryxell
- Bio-Techne, R&D Systems, Inc., 614 McKinley Place NE Minneapolis, MN 55413, USA
| | - Timothy J Tatge
- Bio-Techne, R&D Systems, Inc., 614 McKinley Place NE Minneapolis, MN 55413, USA
| | - Timothy Manning
- Bio-Techne, R&D Systems, Inc., 614 McKinley Place NE Minneapolis, MN 55413, USA
| | - Guoping Wu
- Bio-Techne, R&D Systems, Inc., 614 McKinley Place NE Minneapolis, MN 55413, USA
| | - Karl A D Swift
- Bio-Techne, Tocris Bioscience, The Watkins Building, Atlantic Road, Avonmouth, Bristol BS11 9QD, UK
| | - Vassili Kalabokis
- Bio-Techne, R&D Systems, Inc., 614 McKinley Place NE Minneapolis, MN 55413, USA
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20
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Paiva JS, Jorge PAS, Ribeiro RSR, Balmaña M, Campos D, Mereiter S, Jin C, Karlsson NG, Sampaio P, Reis CA, Cunha JPS. iLoF: An intelligent Lab on Fiber Approach for Human Cancer Single-Cell Type Identification. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3171. [PMID: 32081911 PMCID: PMC7035380 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59661-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
With the advent of personalized medicine, there is a movement to develop "smaller" and "smarter" microdevices that are able to distinguish similar cancer subtypes. Tumor cells display major differences when compared to their natural counterparts, due to alterations in fundamental cellular processes such as glycosylation. Glycans are involved in tumor cell biology and they have been considered to be suitable cancer biomarkers. Thus, more selective cancer screening assays can be developed through the detection of specific altered glycans on the surface of circulating cancer cells. Currently, this is only possible through time-consuming assays. In this work, we propose the "intelligent" Lab on Fiber (iLoF) device, that has a high-resolution, and which is a fast and portable method for tumor single-cell type identification and isolation. We apply an Artificial Intelligence approach to the back-scattered signal arising from a trapped cell by a micro-lensed optical fiber. As a proof of concept, we show that iLoF is able to discriminate two human cancer cell models sharing the same genetic background but displaying a different surface glycosylation profile with an accuracy above 90% and a speed rate of 2.3 seconds. We envision the incorporation of the iLoF in an easy-to-operate microchip for cancer identification, which would allow further biological characterization of the captured circulating live cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana S Paiva
- INESC TEC - INESC Technology and Science, Porto, Portugal
- Physics and Astronomy Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro A S Jorge
- INESC TEC - INESC Technology and Science, Porto, Portugal
- Physics and Astronomy Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita S R Ribeiro
- INESC TEC - INESC Technology and Science, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- 4DCell, Paris, France
| | - Meritxell Balmaña
- i3s - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna BioCenter Campus, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Diana Campos
- i3s - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Stefan Mereiter
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- i3s - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna BioCenter Campus, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Chunsheng Jin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Niclas G Karlsson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Paula Sampaio
- i3s - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Celso A Reis
- i3s - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - João P S Cunha
- INESC TEC - INESC Technology and Science, Porto, Portugal.
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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21
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de Haas P, Hendriks WJAJ, Lefeber DJ, Cambi A. Biological and Technical Challenges in Unraveling the Role of N-Glycans in Immune Receptor Regulation. Front Chem 2020; 8:55. [PMID: 32117881 PMCID: PMC7013033 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
N-glycosylation of membrane receptors is important for a wide variety of cellular processes. In the immune system, loss or alteration of receptor glycosylation can affect pathogen recognition, cell-cell interaction, and activation as well as migration. This is not only due to aberrant folding of the receptor, but also to altered lateral mobility or aggregation capacity. Despite increasing evidence of their biological relevance, glycosylation-dependent mechanisms of receptor regulation are hard to dissect at the molecular level. This is due to the intrinsic complexity of the glycosylation process and high diversity of glycan structures combined with the technical limitations of the current experimental tools. It is still challenging to precisely determine the localization and site-occupancy of glycosylation sites, glycan micro- and macro-heterogeneity at the individual receptor level as well as the biological function and specific interactome of receptor glycoforms. In addition, the tools available to manipulate N-glycans of a specific receptor are limited. Significant progress has however been made thanks to innovative approaches such as glycoproteomics, metabolic engineering, or chemoenzymatic labeling. By discussing examples of immune receptors involved in pathogen recognition, migration, antigen presentation, and cell signaling, this Mini Review will focus on the biological importance of N-glycosylation for receptor functions and highlight the technical challenges for examination and manipulation of receptor N-glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola de Haas
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Wiljan J A J Hendriks
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Dirk J Lefeber
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Alessandra Cambi
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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22
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Balmaña M, Diniz F, Feijão T, Barrias CC, Mereiter S, Reis CA. Analysis of the Effect of Increased α2,3-Sialylation on RTK Activation in MKN45 Gastric Cancer Spheroids Treated with Crizotinib. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030722. [PMID: 31979110 PMCID: PMC7037121 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In the scenario of personalized medicine, targeted therapies are currently the focus of cancer drug development. These drugs can block the growth and spread of tumor cells by interfering with key molecules involved in malignancy, such as receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). MET and Recepteur d'Origine Nantais (RON), which are RTKs frequently overactivated in gastric cancer, are glycoprotein receptors whose activation have been shown to be modulated by the cellular glycosylation. In this work, we address the role of sialylation in gastric cancer therapy using an innovative 3D high-throughput cell culture methodology that mimics better the in vivo tumor features. We evaluate the response to targeted treatment of glycoengineered gastric cancer cell models overexpressing the sialyltransferases ST3GAL4 or ST3GAL6 by subjecting 3D spheroids to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor crizotinib. We show here that 3D spheroids of ST3GAL4 or ST3GAL6 overexpressing MKN45 gastric cancer cells are less affected by the inhibitor. In addition, we disclose a potential compensatory pathway via activation of the Insulin Receptor upon crizotinib treatment. Our results suggest that cell sialylation, in addition of being involved in tumor progression, could play a critical role in the response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meritxell Balmaña
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Francisca Diniz
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar—ICBAS, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Tália Feijão
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- INEB—Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina C. Barrias
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar—ICBAS, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- INEB—Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Stefan Mereiter
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Celso A. Reis
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar—ICBAS, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Medical Faculty, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-22-040-88-00 (ext. 6068)
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23
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Wu ZL, Person AD, Zou Y, Burton AJ, Singh R, Burroughs B, Fryxell D, Tatge TJ, Manning T, Wu G, Swift KAD, Kalabokis V. Differential distribution of N- and O-Glycans and variable expression of sialyl-T antigen on HeLa cells—Revealed by direct fluorescent glycan imaging. Glycobiology 2020; 30:454-462. [DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwz110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractCells are covered with glycans. The expression and distribution of specific glycans on the surface of a cell are important for various cellular functions. Imaging these glycans is essential to aid elucidation of their biological roles. Here, utilizing methods of direct fluorescent glycan imaging, in which fluorescent sialic acids are directly incorporated into substrate glycans via recombinant sialyltranferases, we report the differential distribution of N- and O-glycans and variable expression of sialyl-T antigen on HeLa cells. While the expression of N-glycans tends to be more peripheral at positions where cell–cell interaction occurs, O-glycan expression is more granular but relatively evenly distributed on positive cells. While N-glycans are expressed on all cells, sialyl-T antigen expression exhibits a wide spectrum of variation with some cells being strongly positive and some cells being almost completely negative. The differential distribution of N- and O-glycans on cell surface reflects their distinctive roles in cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengliang L Wu
- Bio-Techne, R&D Systems, Inc., 614 McKinley Place N.E., Minneapolis, MN 55413, USA, and
| | - Anthony D Person
- Bio-Techne, R&D Systems, Inc., 614 McKinley Place N.E., Minneapolis, MN 55413, USA, and
| | | | - Andrew J Burton
- Bio-Techne, Tocris Bioscience, The Watkins Building, Atlantic Road, Avonmouth, Bristol BS11 9QD, UK
| | - Ravinder Singh
- Bio-Techne, R&D Systems, Inc., 614 McKinley Place N.E., Minneapolis, MN 55413, USA, and
| | - Barbara Burroughs
- Bio-Techne, R&D Systems, Inc., 614 McKinley Place N.E., Minneapolis, MN 55413, USA, and
| | - Dan Fryxell
- Bio-Techne, R&D Systems, Inc., 614 McKinley Place N.E., Minneapolis, MN 55413, USA, and
| | - Timothy J Tatge
- Bio-Techne, R&D Systems, Inc., 614 McKinley Place N.E., Minneapolis, MN 55413, USA, and
| | - Timothy Manning
- Bio-Techne, R&D Systems, Inc., 614 McKinley Place N.E., Minneapolis, MN 55413, USA, and
| | - Guoping Wu
- Bio-Techne, R&D Systems, Inc., 614 McKinley Place N.E., Minneapolis, MN 55413, USA, and
| | - Karl A D Swift
- Bio-Techne, Tocris Bioscience, The Watkins Building, Atlantic Road, Avonmouth, Bristol BS11 9QD, UK
| | - Vassili Kalabokis
- Bio-Techne, R&D Systems, Inc., 614 McKinley Place N.E., Minneapolis, MN 55413, USA, and
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24
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Munkley J, Scott E. Targeting Aberrant Sialylation to Treat Cancer. MEDICINES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 6:medicines6040102. [PMID: 31614918 PMCID: PMC6963943 DOI: 10.3390/medicines6040102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Cell surface carbohydrates (known as glycans) are often aberrantly expressed or found at atypical levels in cancer. Glycans can impact all steps in tumour progression, from malignant transformation to metastasis, and have roles in all the cancer hallmarks. An increased understanding of glycans in the metastatic cascade offers exciting new therapeutic opportunities. Glycan-based targeting strategies are currently being tested in clinical trials and are a rich and untapped frontier for development. As we learn more about cancer glycobiology, new targets will continue to emerge for drug design. One key change in tumour glycosylation is the upregulation of cancer-associated sialylated glycans. Abnormal sialylation is integral to tumour growth, metastasis and immune evasion; therefore, targeting sialic acid moieties in cancer could be of high therapeutic value. Here, we summarise the changes to sialic acid biology in cancer and discuss recent advances and technologies bringing sialic-acid targeting treatments to the forefront of cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Munkley
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK.
| | - Emma Scott
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK.
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25
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Axford J, Alavi A, Cummings R, Lauc G, Opdenakker G, Reis C, Rudd P. Translational glycobiology: from bench to bedside. J R Soc Med 2019; 112:424-427. [PMID: 31526214 DOI: 10.1177/0141076819865863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of sugars to protein function is real and is of significant clinical relevance. Technology advances enable large population studies to be carried out, shedding light on individual sugar variation and variations with time. Three-dimensional mass spectroscopy on solid pathological specimens is going to open up a whole new world of pathology visualisation. The door is now open to exploit carbohydrate recognition in new therapeutics by identifying novel biomarkers in cancer to aid diagnosis, and also providing therapeutic targets for treatment. Glycan age correlates with biological age. This means we can map the reversal of biological age with exercise and diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Axford
- The Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Azita Alavi
- The Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Rick Cummings
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02115, USA
| | - Gordan Lauc
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ghislain Opdenakker
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Leuven, KU Leuven, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Celso Reis
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Pauline Rudd
- National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training, Dublin A94 X099, Ireland
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26
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Therapeutic anti-cancer activity of antibodies targeting sulfhydryl bond constrained epitopes on unglycosylated RON receptor tyrosine kinase. Oncogene 2019; 38:7342-7356. [PMID: 31417186 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0946-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Recepteur d'origine nantais (RON) receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) and its ligand, serum macrophage-stimulating protein (MSP), are well-established oncogenic drivers for tumorigenesis and metastasis. RON is often found to be alternatively spliced resulting in various isoforms that are constitutively active. RON is therefore an attractive target for cancer therapeutics, including small molecular inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies. While small molecule inhibitors of RON may inhibit other protein kinases including the highly similar MET kinase, monoclonal antibodies targeting RON are more specific, potentially inducing fewer side effects. Although anti-RON monoclonal antibody therapies have been developed and tested in clinical trials, they were met with limited success. Cancer cells have been associated with aberrant glycosylation mechanisms. Notably for RON, the loss of N-bisected glycosylation is a direct cause for tumorigenesis and poorer prognosis in cancer patients. Particularly in gastric cancer, aberrant RON glycosylation augments RON activation. Here, we present a novel panel of monoclonal antibodies which potentially widens the specific targeting of not only the glycosylated RON, but also unglycosylated and aberrantly glycosylated RON. Our antibodies can bind strongly to deglycosylated RON from tunicamycin treated cells, recognise RON in IHC/IF and possess superior therapeutic efficacy in RON expressing xenograft tumours. Our most potent antibody in xenograft assays, is directed to the RON alpha chain and targets a sulfhydryl bond constrained epitope that appears to be cryptic in the crystal structure. This establishes the paradigm that such constrained and cryptic epitopes represent good targets for therapeutic antibodies.
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27
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Mereiter S, Balmaña M, Campos D, Gomes J, Reis CA. Glycosylation in the Era of Cancer-Targeted Therapy: Where Are We Heading? Cancer Cell 2019; 36:6-16. [PMID: 31287993 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2019.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 300] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This review provides insights on the impact of glycosylation in cancer biology and its influence in the current approaches of targeted cancer therapies in the clinical setting. The roles of glycosylation in cancer signaling, tumor progression, and metastasis are reviewed as well as glycans and glycan-binding proteins in tumor immunomodulation. Moreover, the latest reports on glycans influencing targeted therapeutic approaches in cancer are summarized. Finally, we discuss the future challenges of the field, outlining potential applications of glycan-based biomarkers for patient stratification and strategies for improving personalized cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Mereiter
- I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Meritxell Balmaña
- I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Diana Campos
- I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Gomes
- I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Celso A Reis
- I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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28
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Mereiter S, Martins ÁM, Gomes C, Balmaña M, Macedo JA, Polom K, Roviello F, Magalhães A, Reis CA. O‐glycan truncation enhances cancer‐related functions of
CD
44 in gastric cancer. FEBS Lett 2019; 593:1675-1689. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Mereiter
- I3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde Universidade do Porto Portugal
- IPATIMUP – Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology University of Porto Portugal
| | - Álvaro M. Martins
- I3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde Universidade do Porto Portugal
- IPATIMUP – Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology University of Porto Portugal
| | - Catarina Gomes
- I3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde Universidade do Porto Portugal
- IPATIMUP – Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology University of Porto Portugal
| | - Meritxell Balmaña
- I3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde Universidade do Porto Portugal
- IPATIMUP – Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology University of Porto Portugal
| | - Joana A. Macedo
- I3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde Universidade do Porto Portugal
- IPATIMUP – Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology University of Porto Portugal
| | - Karol Polom
- Department of Surgical Oncology Medical University of Gdansk Poland
- General Surgery and Surgical Oncology Department University of Siena Italy
| | - Franco Roviello
- General Surgery and Surgical Oncology Department University of Siena Italy
| | - Ana Magalhães
- I3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde Universidade do Porto Portugal
- IPATIMUP – Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology University of Porto Portugal
| | - Celso A. Reis
- I3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde Universidade do Porto Portugal
- IPATIMUP – Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology University of Porto Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine University of Porto Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar University of Porto Portugal
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29
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Contessotto P, Ellis BW, Jin C, Karlsson NG, Zorlutuna P, Kilcoyne M, Pandit A. Distinct glycosylation in membrane proteins within neonatal versus adult myocardial tissue. Matrix Biol 2019; 85-86:173-188. [PMID: 31108197 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian hearts have regenerative potential restricted to early neonatal stage and lost within seven days after birth. Carbohydrates exclusive to cardiac neonatal tissue may be key regulators of regenerative potential. Although cell surface and extracellular matrix glycosylation are known modulators of tissue and cellular function and development, variation in cardiac glycosylation from neonatal tissue to maturation has not been fully examined. In this study, glycosylation of the adult rat cardiac ventricle showed no variability between the two strains analysed, nor were there any differences between the glycosylation of the right or left ventricle using lectin histochemistry and microarray profiling. However, in the Sprague-Dawley strain, neonatal cardiac glycosylation in the left ventricle differed from adult tissues using mass spectrometric analysis, showing a higher expression of high mannose structures and lower expression of complex N-linked glycans in the three-day-old neonatal tissue. Man6GlcNAc2 was identified as the main high mannose N-linked structure that was decreased in adult while higher expression of sialylated N-linked glycans and lower core fucosylation for complex structures were associated with ageing. The occurrence of mucin core type 2 O-linked glycans was reduced in adult and one sulfated core type 2 O-linked structure was identified in neonatal tissue. Interestingly, O-linked glycans from mature tissue contained both N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) and N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), while all sialylated N-linked glycans detected contained only Neu5Ac. As glycans are associated with intracellular communication, the specific neonatal structures found may indicate a role for glycosylation in the neonatal associated regenerative capacity of the mammalian heart. New strategies targeting tissue glycosylation could be a key contributor to achieve an effective regeneration of the mammalian heart in pathological scenarios such as myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Contessotto
- CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Bradley W Ellis
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Chunsheng Jin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Niclas G Karlsson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pinar Zorlutuna
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA; Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Michelle Kilcoyne
- CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland; Carbohydrate Signalling Group, Microbiology, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Abhay Pandit
- CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
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30
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Freitas D, Campos D, Gomes J, Pinto F, Macedo JA, Matos R, Mereiter S, Pinto MT, Polónia A, Gartner F, Magalhães A, Reis CA. O-glycans truncation modulates gastric cancer cell signaling and transcription leading to a more aggressive phenotype. EBioMedicine 2019; 40:349-362. [PMID: 30662000 PMCID: PMC6413340 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Changes in glycosylation are known to play critical roles during gastric carcinogenesis. Expression of truncated O-glycans, such as the Sialyl-Tn (STn) antigen, is a common feature shared by many cancers and is associated with cancer aggressiveness and poor-prognosis. METHODS Glycoengineered cell lines were used to evaluate the impact of truncated O-glycans in cancer cell biology using in vitro functional assays, transcriptomic analysis and in vivo models. Tumor patients 'samples and datasets were used for clinical translational significance evaluation. FINDINGS In the present study, we demonstrated that gastric cancer cells expressing truncated O-glycans display major phenotypic alterations associated with higher cell motility and cell invasion. Noteworthy, the glycoengineered cancer cells overexpressing STn resulted in tumor xenografts with less cohesive features which had a critical impact on mice survival. Furthermore, truncation of O-glycans induced activation of EGFR and ErbB2 receptors and a transcriptomic signature switch of gastric cancer cells. The disclosed top activated genes were further validated in gastric tumors, revealing that SRPX2 and RUNX1 are concomitantly overexpressed in gastric carcinomas and its expression is associated with patients' poor-survival, highlighting their prognosis potential in clinical practice. INTERPRETATION This study discloses novel molecular links between O-glycans truncation frequently observed in cancer and key cellular regulators with major impact in tumor progression and patients' clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Freitas
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; IPATIMUP -Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, Porto 4200-465, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n.228, Porto 4050-313, Portugal
| | - Diana Campos
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; IPATIMUP -Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, Porto 4200-465, Portugal
| | - Joana Gomes
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; IPATIMUP -Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, Porto 4200-465, Portugal
| | - Filipe Pinto
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; IPATIMUP -Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, Porto 4200-465, Portugal
| | - Joana A Macedo
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; IPATIMUP -Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, Porto 4200-465, Portugal
| | - Rita Matos
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; IPATIMUP -Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, Porto 4200-465, Portugal
| | - Stefan Mereiter
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; IPATIMUP -Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, Porto 4200-465, Portugal
| | - Marta T Pinto
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; IPATIMUP -Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, Porto 4200-465, Portugal
| | - António Polónia
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; IPATIMUP -Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, Porto 4200-465, Portugal
| | - Fátima Gartner
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; IPATIMUP -Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, Porto 4200-465, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n.228, Porto 4050-313, Portugal
| | - Ana Magalhães
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; IPATIMUP -Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, Porto 4200-465, Portugal.
| | - Celso A Reis
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; IPATIMUP -Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, Porto 4200-465, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n.228, Porto 4050-313, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto 4200-319, Portugal.
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Ma Q, Adua E, Boyce MC, Li X, Ji G, Wang W. IMass Time: The Future, in Future! ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 22:679-695. [DOI: 10.1089/omi.2018.0162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingwei Ma
- Bioyong (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Eric Adua
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
| | - Mary C. Boyce
- School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
| | - Xingang Li
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
| | - Guang Ji
- China-Canada Centre of Research for Digestive Diseases, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
- School of Public Health, Taishan Medical University, Taian, China
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32
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Neves M, Azevedo R, Lima L, Oliveira MI, Peixoto A, Ferreira D, Soares J, Fernandes E, Gaiteiro C, Palmeira C, Cotton S, Mereiter S, Campos D, Afonso LP, Ribeiro R, Fraga A, Tavares A, Mansinho H, Monteiro E, Videira PA, Freitas PP, Reis CA, Santos LL, Dieguez L, Ferreira JA. Exploring sialyl-Tn expression in microfluidic-isolated circulating tumour cells: A novel biomarker and an analytical tool for precision oncology applications. N Biotechnol 2018; 49:77-87. [PMID: 30273682 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Circulating tumour cells (CTCs) originating from a primary tumour, lymph nodes and distant metastases hold great potential for liquid biopsies by providing a molecular fingerprint for disease dissemination and its temporal evolution through the course of disease management. CTC enumeration, classically defined on the basis of surface expression of Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule (EpCAM) and absence of the pan-leukocyte marker CD45, has been shown to correlate with clinical outcome. However, existing approaches introduce bias into the subsets of captured CTCs, which may exclude biologically and clinically relevant subpopulations. Here we explore the overexpression of the membrane protein O-glycan sialyl-Tn (STn) antigen in advanced bladder and colorectal tumours, but not in blood cells, to propose a novel CTC isolation technology. Using a size-based microfluidic device, we show that the majority (>90%) of CTCs isolated from the blood of patients with metastatic bladder and colorectal cancers express the STn antigen, supporting a link with metastasis. STn+ CTC counts were significantly higher than EpCAM-based detection in colorectal cancer, providing a more efficient cell-surface biomarker for CTC isolation. Exploring this concept, we constructed a glycan affinity-based microfluidic device for selective isolation of STn+ CTCs and propose an enzyme-based strategy for the recovery of viable cancer cells for downstream investigations. Finally, clinically relevant cancer biomarkers (transcripts and mutations) in bladder and colorectal tumours, were identified in cells isolated by microfluidics, confirming their malignant origin and highlighting the potential of this technology in the context of precision oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Neves
- Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal; International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Braga, Portugal
| | - Rita Azevedo
- Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís Lima
- Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal; Glycobiology in Cancer, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Portugal; Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (I3S), University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta I Oliveira
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Braga, Portugal
| | - Andreia Peixoto
- Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (I3S), University of Porto, Portugal; INEB-Institute for Biomedical Engineering of Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Janine Soares
- Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Elisabete Fernandes
- Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (I3S), University of Porto, Portugal; INEB-Institute for Biomedical Engineering of Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristiana Gaiteiro
- Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Sofia Cotton
- Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Stefan Mereiter
- Glycobiology in Cancer, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Portugal; Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (I3S), University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Diana Campos
- Glycobiology in Cancer, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Portugal; Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (I3S), University of Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Ricardo Ribeiro
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (I3S), University of Porto, Portugal; INEB-Institute for Biomedical Engineering of Porto, Portugal
| | - Avelino Fraga
- Hospital Centre- Hospital of Santo António of Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Tavares
- Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - Hélder Mansinho
- Hemato-Oncology Clinic, Hospital Garcia de Orta, EPE, Almada, Portugal; Gupo de Investigação do Cancro Digestivo-GICD, Portugal
| | | | - Paula A Videira
- Glycoimmunology Group, UCIBIO, Departamento Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Paulo P Freitas
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Braga, Portugal; INESC - Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias, Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Celso A Reis
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal; Glycobiology in Cancer, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Portugal; Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (I3S), University of Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Lúcio Lara Santos
- Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal; UFP: School of Health Sciences, Fernando Pessoa University of Porto, Portugal; Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.ccc), Porto, Portugal
| | - Lorena Dieguez
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Braga, Portugal
| | - José Alexandre Ferreira
- Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal; International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Braga, Portugal; Glycobiology in Cancer, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Portugal; Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (I3S), University of Porto, Portugal.
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Abstract
Despite major breakthroughs in the field of personalized medicine, gastric cancer (GC) remains a clinically challenging disease, characterized by scarce effective treatment options and the lack of reliable molecular tools for the prediction of patient outcome and response to therapy. The pronounced molecular heterogeneity that dictates the phenotypical aggressiveness of gastric neoplasms severely limits the antitumor efficacy of targeted agents brought to clinical trials, and constitutes a favorable setting for the emergence of refractory tumors exhibiting multidrug resistance. We will review the most recent advances in our understanding of GC biology, which are underlying the development and clinical testing of novel targeted therapeutic agents. We will also emphasize how their efficacy and acquired resistance relate to the aberrant molecular signatures that drive gastric malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique O Duarte
- i3S - Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Gomes
- i3S - Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - José C Machado
- i3S - Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Celso A Reis
- i3S - Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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34
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Oliveira FMSD, Mereiter S, Lönn P, Siart B, Shen Q, Heldin J, Raykova D, Karlsson NG, Polom K, Roviello F, Reis CA, Kamali-Moghaddam M. Detection of post-translational modifications using solid-phase proximity ligation assay. N Biotechnol 2017; 45:51-59. [PMID: 29101055 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2017.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) regulate protein activities to help orchestrate and fine-tune cellular processes. Dysregulation of PTMs is often related with disorders and malignancies, and may serve as a precise biomarker of disease. Developing sensitive tools to measure and monitor low-abundant PTMs in tissue lysates or serum will be instrumental for opening up new PTM-based diagnostic avenues. Here, we investigate the use of solid-phase proximity ligation assay (SP-PLA) for detection of different PTMs. The assay depends on the recognition of the target protein molecule and its modification by three affinity binders. Using antibodies and lectins, we applied the method for detection of glycosylated CD44 and E-Cadherin, and phosphorylated p53 and EGFR. The assay was found to have superior dynamic range and limit of detection compared to standard ELISAs. In summary, we have established the use of SP-PLA as an appropriate method for sensitive detection of PTMs in lysates and sera, which may provide a basis for future PTM-based diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefan Mereiter
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde and IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Peter Lönn
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Benjamin Siart
- Department of Anthropology, University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Behavioral Biology, University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Qiujin Shen
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johan Heldin
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Doroteya Raykova
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Niclas G Karlsson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology at Institute of Biomedicine, Gothenburg University, Sweden
| | - Karol Polom
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of Gdansk, Poland; General Surgery and Surgical Oncology Department, Università deli Studi di Siena, Italy
| | - Franco Roviello
- General Surgery and Surgical Oncology Department, Università deli Studi di Siena, Italy
| | - Celso A Reis
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde and IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Masood Kamali-Moghaddam
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Gastric Cancer Cell Glycosylation as a Modulator of the ErbB2 Oncogenic Receptor. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112262. [PMID: 29143776 PMCID: PMC5713232 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant expression and hyperactivation of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (ErbB2) constitute crucial molecular events underpinning gastric neoplastic transformation. Despite ErbB2 extracellular domain being a well-known target for glycosylation, its glycosylation profile and the molecular mechanisms through which it actively tunes tumorigenesis in gastric cancer (GC) cells remain elusive. We aimed at disclosing relevant ErbB2 glycan signatures and their functional impact on receptor's biology in GC cells. The transcriptomic profile of cancer-relevant glycosylation enzymes, and the expression and activation of the ErbB receptors were characterized in four GC cell lines. Cellular- and receptor-specific glycan profiling of ErbB2-overexpressing NCI-N87 cells unveiled a heterogeneous glycosylation pattern harboring the tumor-associated sialyl Lewis a (SLea) antigen. The expression of SLea and key enzymes integrating its biosynthetic pathway were strongly upregulated in this GC cell line. An association between the expression of ERBB2 and FUT3, a central gene in SLea biosynthesis, was disclosed in GC patients, further highlighting the crosstalk between ErbB2 and SLea expression. Moreover, cellular deglycosylation and CA 19.9 antibody-mediated blocking of SLea drastically altered ErbB2 expression and activation in NCI-N87 cells. Altogether, NCI-N87 cell line constitutes an appealing in vitro model to address glycan-mediated regulation of ErbB2 in GC.
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Magalhães A, Duarte HO, Reis CA. Aberrant Glycosylation in Cancer: A Novel Molecular Mechanism Controlling Metastasis. Cancer Cell 2017; 31:733-735. [PMID: 28609653 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2017.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Glycosylation alterations are involved in several steps of human cancer pathogenesis. In this issue of Cancer Cell, Agrawal et al. identified the glycosyltransferase FUT8 as a previously unrecognized mediator of melanoma metastasis, establishing core fucosylation as a potential therapeutic target for prevention and treatment of metastatic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Magalhães
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Henrique O Duarte
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Celso A Reis
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal.
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37
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Lee H, Lee S, Jeong D, Kim SJ. Ginsenoside Rh2 epigenetically regulates cell-mediated immune pathway to inhibit proliferation of MCF-7 breast cancer cells. J Ginseng Res 2017; 42:455-462. [PMID: 30337805 PMCID: PMC6187096 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ginsenoside Rh2 has been known to enhance the activity of immune cells, as well as to inhibit the growth of tumor cells. Although the repertoire of genes regulated by Rh2 is well-known in many cancer cells, the epigenetic regulation has yet to be determined, especially for comprehensive approaches to detect methylation changes. Methods The effect of Rh2 on genome-wide DNA methylation changes in breast cancer cells was examined by treating cultured MCF-7 with Rh2. Pyrosequencing analysis was carried out to measure the methylation level of a global methylation marker, LINE1. Genome-wide methylation analysis was carried out to identify epigenetically regulated genes and to elucidate the most prominent signaling pathway affected by Rh2. Apoptosis and proliferation were monitored to examine the cellular effect of Rh2. Results LINE1 showed induction of hypomethylation at specific CpGs by 1.6–9.1% (p < 0.05). Genome-wide methylation analysis identified the “cell-mediated immune response”-related pathway as the top network. Cell proliferation of MCF-7 was retarded by Rh2 in a dose-dependent manner. Hypermethylated genes such as CASP1, INSL5, and OR52A1 showed downregulation in the Rh2-treated MCF-7, while hypomethylated genes such as CLINT1, ST3GAL4, and C1orf198 showed upregulation. Notably, a higher survival rate was associated with lower expression of INSL5 and OR52A1 in breast cancer patients, while with higher expression of CLINT1. Conclusion The results indicate that Rh2 induces epigenetic methylation changes in genes involved in immune response and tumorigenesis, thereby contributing to enhanced immunogenicity and inhibiting the growth of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunkyung Lee
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungyeon Lee
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Dawoon Jeong
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Jung Kim
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Republic of Korea
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38
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Wang X, Zhang Y, Lin H, Liu Y, Tan Y, Lin J, Gao F, Lin S. Alpha2,3-sialyltransferase III knockdown sensitized ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin-induced apoptosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 482:758-763. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.11.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Magalhães A, Mereiter S, Reis C. Reciprocal Modulation of Terminal Sialylation and Bisecting N-Glycans: A New Axis of Cancer-Cell Glycome Regulation? J Biol Chem 2016; 291:8308. [PMID: 27060175 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.l116.722462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Magalhães
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto-IPATIMUP, Porto, Portugal
| | - Stefan Mereiter
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto-IPATIMUP, Porto, Portugal Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar-ICBAS, and
| | - Celso Reis
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto-IPATIMUP, Porto, Portugal Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar-ICBAS, and Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal and
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40
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Strategies of targeting the extracellular domain of RON tyrosine kinase receptor for cancer therapy and drug delivery. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2016; 142:2429-2446. [PMID: 27503093 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-016-2214-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cancer is one of the most important life-threatening diseases in the world. The current efforts to combat cancer are being focused on molecular-targeted therapies. The main purpose of such approaches is based on targeting cancer cell-specific molecules to minimize toxicity for the normal cells. RON (Recepteur d'Origine Nantais) tyrosine kinase receptor is one of the promising targets in cancer-targeted therapy and drug delivery. METHODS In this review, we will summarize the available agents against extracellular domain of RON with potential antitumor activities. RESULTS The presented antibodies and antibody drug conjugates against RON in this review showed wide spectrum of in vitro and in vivo antitumor activities promising the hope for them entering the clinical trials. CONCLUSION Due to critical role of extracellular domain of RON in receptor activation, the development of therapeutic agents against this region could lead to fruitful outcome in cancer therapy.
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Lauc G. Precision medicine that transcends genomics: Glycans as integrators of genes and environment. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2016; 1860:1571-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Duarte HO, Freitas D, Gomes C, Gomes J, Magalhães A, Reis CA. Mucin-Type O-Glycosylation in Gastric Carcinogenesis. Biomolecules 2016; 6:E33. [PMID: 27409642 PMCID: PMC5039419 DOI: 10.3390/biom6030033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucin-type O-glycosylation plays a crucial role in several physiological and pathological processes of the gastric tissue. Modifications in enzymes responsible for key glycosylation steps and the consequent abnormal biosynthesis and expression of their glycan products constitute well-established molecular hallmarks of disease state. This review addresses the major role played by mucins and associated O-glycan structures in Helicobacter pylori adhesion to the gastric mucosa and the subsequent establishment of a chronic infection, with concomitant drastic alterations of the gastric epithelium glycophenotype. Furthermore, alterations of mucin expression pattern and glycan signatures occurring in preneoplastic lesions and in gastric carcinoma are also described, as well as their impact throughout the gastric carcinogenesis cascade and in cancer progression. Altogether, mucin-type O-glycosylation alterations may represent promising biomarkers with potential screening and prognostic applications, as well as predictors of cancer patients' response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique O Duarte
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho, 45, Porto 4200-135, Portugal.
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of University of Porto, Ipatimup, Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho, 45, Porto 4200-135, Portugal.
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira no. 228, Porto 4050-313, Portugal.
| | - Daniela Freitas
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho, 45, Porto 4200-135, Portugal.
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of University of Porto, Ipatimup, Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho, 45, Porto 4200-135, Portugal.
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira no. 228, Porto 4050-313, Portugal.
| | - Catarina Gomes
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho, 45, Porto 4200-135, Portugal.
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of University of Porto, Ipatimup, Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho, 45, Porto 4200-135, Portugal.
| | - Joana Gomes
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho, 45, Porto 4200-135, Portugal.
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of University of Porto, Ipatimup, Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho, 45, Porto 4200-135, Portugal.
| | - Ana Magalhães
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho, 45, Porto 4200-135, Portugal.
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of University of Porto, Ipatimup, Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho, 45, Porto 4200-135, Portugal.
| | - Celso A Reis
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho, 45, Porto 4200-135, Portugal.
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of University of Porto, Ipatimup, Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho, 45, Porto 4200-135, Portugal.
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira no. 228, Porto 4050-313, Portugal.
- Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Alameda Prof Hernâni Monteiro, Porto 4200-319, Portugal.
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Mereiter S, Magalhães A, Adamczyk B, Jin C, Almeida A, Drici L, Ibáñez-Vea M, Larsen MR, Kolarich D, Karlsson NG, Reis CA. Glycomic and sialoproteomic data of gastric carcinoma cells overexpressing ST3GAL4. Data Brief 2016; 7:814-33. [PMID: 27077082 PMCID: PMC4816881 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2016.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric carcinoma MKN45 cells stably transfected with the full-length ST3GAL4 gene were characterised by glycomic and sialoproteomic analysis. Complementary strategies were applied to assess the glycomic alterations induced by ST3GAL4 overexpression. The N- and O-glycome data were generated in two parallel structural analyzes, based on PGC-ESI-MS/MS. Data on glycan structure identification and relative abundance in ST3GAL4 overexpressing cells and respective mock control are presented. The sialoproteomic analysis based on titanium-dioxide enrichment of sialopeptides with subsequent LC-MS/MS identification was performed. This analysis identified 47 proteins with significantly increased sialylation. The data in this article is associated with the research article published in Biochim Biophys Acta “Glycomic analysis of gastric carcinoma cells discloses glycans as modulators of RON receptor tyrosine kinase activation in cancer” [1].
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Mereiter
- I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Portugal; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto - IPATIMUP, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar - ICBAS, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Magalhães
- I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Portugal; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto - IPATIMUP, Porto, Portugal
| | - Barbara Adamczyk
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Chunsheng Jin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Andreia Almeida
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany; Free University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lylia Drici
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Maria Ibáñez-Vea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Martin R Larsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Daniel Kolarich
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Niclas G Karlsson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Celso A Reis
- I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Portugal; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto - IPATIMUP, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar - ICBAS, University of Porto, Portugal; Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Portugal
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Mereiter S, Balmaña M, Gomes J, Magalhães A, Reis CA. Glycomic Approaches for the Discovery of Targets in Gastrointestinal Cancer. Front Oncol 2016; 6:55. [PMID: 27014630 PMCID: PMC4783390 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2016.00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer is the most common group of malignancies and many of its types are among the most deadly. Various glycoconjugates have been used in clinical practice as serum biomarker for several GI tumors, however, with limited diagnose application. Despite the good accessibility by endoscopy of many GI organs, the lack of reliable serum biomarkers often leads to late diagnosis of malignancy and consequently low 5-year survival rates. Recent advances in analytical techniques have provided novel glycoproteomic and glycomic data and generated functional information and putative biomarker targets in oncology. Glycosylation alterations have been demonstrated in a series of glycoconjugates (glycoproteins, proteoglycans, and glycosphingolipids) that are involved in cancer cell adhesion, signaling, invasion, and metastasis formation. In this review, we present an overview on the major glycosylation alterations in GI cancer and the current serological biomarkers used in the clinical oncology setting. We further describe recent glycomic studies in GI cancer, namely gastric, colorectal, and pancreatic cancer. Moreover, we discuss the role of glycosylation as a modulator of the function of several key players in cancer cell biology. Finally, we address several state-of-the-art techniques currently applied in this field, such as glycomic and glycoproteomic analyses, the application of glycoengineered cell line models, microarray and proximity ligation assay, and imaging mass spectrometry, and provide an outlook to future perspectives and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Mereiter
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (I3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal; Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Meritxell Balmaña
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biology, University of Girona , Girona , Spain
| | - Joana Gomes
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (I3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Magalhães
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (I3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Celso A Reis
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (I3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal; Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Lu J, Isaji T, Im S, Fukuda T, Kameyama A, Gu J. Expression of N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase III Suppresses α2,3-Sialylation, and Its Distinctive Functions in Cell Migration Are Attributed to α2,6-Sialylation Levels. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:5708-5720. [PMID: 26801611 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.712836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase III (GnT-III), which catalyzes the addition of the bisecting GlcNAc branch on N-glycans, is usually described as a metastasis suppressor. Overexpression of GnT-III inhibited migration in multiple types of tumor cells. However, these results seem controversial to the clinical observations for the increased expression of GnT-III in human hepatomas, glioma, and ovarian cancers. Here, we present evidence that these inconsistencies are mainly attributed to the different expression pattern of cell sialylation. In detail, we show that overexpression of GnT-III significantly inhibits α2,3-sialylation but not α2,6-sialylation. The migratory ability of cells without or with a low level of α2,6-sialylation is consistently suppressed after GnT-III overexpression. In contrast, the effects of GnT-III overexpression are variable in tumor cells that are highly α2,6-sialylated. Overexpression of GnT-III promotes the cell migration in glioma cells U-251 and hepatoma cells HepG2, although it has little influence in human breast cancer cell MDA-MB-231 and gastric cancer cell MKN-45. Interestingly, up-regulation of α2,6-sialylation by overexpressing β-galactoside α2,6-sialyltranferase 1 in the α2,6-hyposialylated HeLa-S3 cells abolishes the anti-migratory effects of GnT-III. Conversely, depletion of α2,6-sialylation by knock-out of β-galactoside α2,6-sialyltranferase 1 in α2,6-hypersialylated HepG2 cells endows GnT-III with the anti-migratory ability. Taken together, our data clearly demonstrate that high expression of α2,6-sialylation on the cell surface could affect the anti-migratory role of GnT-III, which provides an insight into the mechanistic roles of GnT-III in tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jishun Lu
- From the Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aobaku, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8558 and
| | - Tomoya Isaji
- From the Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aobaku, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8558 and
| | - Sanghun Im
- From the Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aobaku, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8558 and
| | - Tomohiko Fukuda
- From the Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aobaku, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8558 and
| | - Akihiko Kameyama
- the Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Jianguo Gu
- From the Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aobaku, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8558 and.
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