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Zhang J, Zhang L, Gongol B, Hayes J, Borowsky A, Bailey-Serres J, Girke T. spatialHeatmap: visualizing spatial bulk and single-cell assays in anatomical images. NAR Genom Bioinform 2024; 6:lqae006. [PMID: 38312938 PMCID: PMC10836942 DOI: 10.1093/nargab/lqae006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Visualizing spatial assay data in anatomical images is vital for understanding biological processes in cell, tissue, and organ organizations. Technologies requiring this functionality include traditional one-at-a-time assays, and bulk and single-cell omics experiments, including RNA-seq and proteomics. The spatialHeatmap software provides a series of powerful new methods for these needs, and allows users to work with adequately formatted anatomical images from public collections or custom images. It colors the spatial features (e.g. tissues) annotated in the images according to the measured or predicted abundance levels of biomolecules (e.g. mRNAs) using a color key. This core functionality of the package is called a spatial heatmap plot. Single-cell data can be co-visualized in composite plots that combine spatial heatmaps with embedding plots of high-dimensional data. The resulting spatial context information is essential for gaining insights into the tissue-level organization of single-cell data, or vice versa. Additional core functionalities include the automated identification of biomolecules with spatially selective abundance patterns and clusters of biomolecules sharing similar abundance profiles. To appeal to both non-expert and computational users, spatialHeatmap provides a graphical and a command-line interface, respectively. It is distributed as a free, open-source Bioconductor package (https://bioconductor.org/packages/spatialHeatmap) that users can install on personal computers, shared servers, or cloud systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhai Zhang
- Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, 1207F Genomics Building, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Le Zhang
- Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, 1207F Genomics Building, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Brendan Gongol
- Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, 1207F Genomics Building, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Jordan Hayes
- Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, 1207F Genomics Building, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Alexander T Borowsky
- Center for Plant Cell Biology, Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Julia Bailey-Serres
- Center for Plant Cell Biology, Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Thomas Girke
- Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, 1207F Genomics Building, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
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García-Roche M, Talmón D, Cañibe G, Astessiano AL, Mendoza A, Cassina A, Quijano C, Carriquiry M. Hepatic metabolism of grazing cows of two Holstein strains under two feeding strategies with different levels of pasture inclusion. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290551. [PMID: 37883506 PMCID: PMC10602316 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the study was to characterize adaptations of hepatic metabolism of dairy cows of two Holstein strains with varying proportions of grazing in the feeding strategy. Multiparous autumn calving Holstein cows of New Zealand (NZH) and North American (NAH) strains were assigned to a randomized complete block design with a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement with two feeding strategies that varied in the proportions of pasture and supplementation: maximum pasture and supplementation with a pelleted concentrate (MaxP) or fixed pasture and supplementation with a total mixed ration (FixP) from May through November of 2018. Hepatic biopsies were taken at - 45 ± 17, 21 ± 7, 100 ± 23 and 180 ± 23 days in milk (DIM), representing prepartum, early lactation, early mid-lactation and late mid-lactation. The effects of DIM, feeding strategy (FS), strain and their interactions were analyzed with mixed models using repeated measures. Cows of both strains had similar triglyceride levels, mitochondrial function and carnitine palmitoyltransferase activity in liver during lactation. However, there was an effect of DIM and FS as liver triglyceride was higher for the MaxP strategy at 21 DIM and both mitochondrial function and carnitine palmitoyltransferase activity in liver were lower for the MaxP strategy at 21 DIM. Hepatic mitochondrial function and acetylation levels were affected by the interaction between strain and feeding strategy as both variables were higher for NAH cows in the MaxP strategy. Mid-lactation hepatic gene expression of enzymes related to fatty acid metabolism and nuclear receptors was higher for NZH than NAH cows. This work confirms the association between liver triglyceride, decreased hepatic mitochondrial function and greater mitochondrial acetylation levels in cows with a higher inclusion of pasture and suggests differential adaptative mechanisms between NAH and NZH cows to strategies with varying proportions of grazing in the feeding strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes García-Roche
- Facultad de Agronomía, Departamento de Producción Animal y Pasturas, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO) and Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Daniel Talmón
- Facultad de Agronomía, Departamento de Producción Animal y Pasturas, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Guillermo Cañibe
- Facultad de Agronomía, Departamento de Producción Animal y Pasturas, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Ana Laura Astessiano
- Facultad de Agronomía, Departamento de Producción Animal y Pasturas, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Alejandro Mendoza
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, Programa Nacional de Producción de Leche, Ruta, Semillero, Uruguay
| | - Adriana Cassina
- Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO) and Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Celia Quijano
- Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO) and Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Mariana Carriquiry
- Facultad de Agronomía, Departamento de Producción Animal y Pasturas, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
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Amorim R, Magalhães CC, Borges F, Oliveira PJ, Teixeira J. From Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver to Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Story of (Mal)Adapted Mitochondria. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12040595. [PMID: 37106795 PMCID: PMC10135755 DOI: 10.3390/biology12040595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a global pandemic affecting 25% of the world's population and is a serious health and economic concern worldwide. NAFLD is mainly the result of unhealthy dietary habits combined with sedentary lifestyle, although some genetic contributions to NAFLD have been documented. NAFLD is characterized by the excessive accumulation of triglycerides (TGs) in hepatocytes and encompasses a spectrum of chronic liver abnormalities, ranging from simple steatosis (NAFL) to steatohepatitis (NASH), significant liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Although the molecular mechanisms that cause the progression of steatosis to severe liver damage are not fully understood, metabolic-dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease is strong evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction plays a significant role in the development and progression of NAFLD. Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles that undergo functional and structural adaptations to meet the metabolic requirements of the cell. Alterations in nutrient availability or cellular energy needs can modify mitochondria formation through biogenesis or the opposite processes of fission and fusion and fragmentation. In NAFL, simple steatosis can be seen as an adaptive response to storing lipotoxic free fatty acids (FFAs) as inert TGs due to chronic perturbation in lipid metabolism and lipotoxic insults. However, when liver hepatocytes' adaptive mechanisms are overburdened, lipotoxicity occurs, contributing to reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Impaired mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation, reduction in mitochondrial quality, and disrupted mitochondrial function are associated with a decrease in the energy levels and impaired redox balance and negatively affect mitochondria hepatocyte tolerance towards damaging hits. However, the sequence of events underlying mitochondrial failure from steatosis to hepatocarcinoma is still yet to be fully clarified. This review provides an overview of our understanding of mitochondrial adaptation in initial NAFLD stages and highlights how hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction and heterogeneity contribute to disease pathophysiology progression, from steatosis to hepatocellular carcinoma. Improving our understanding of different aspects of hepatocytes' mitochondrial physiology in the context of disease development and progression is crucial to improving diagnosis, management, and therapy of NAFLD/NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Amorim
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- CIQUP-IMS/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carina C Magalhães
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Borges
- CIQUP-IMS/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paulo J Oliveira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José Teixeira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
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4
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Nikolic A, Fahlbusch P, Wahlers N, Riffelmann NK, Jacob S, Hartwig S, Kettel U, Dille M, Al-Hasani H, Kotzka J, Knebel B. Chronic stress targets mitochondrial respiratory efficiency in the skeletal muscle of C57BL/6 mice. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:108. [PMID: 36988756 PMCID: PMC10060325 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04761-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Episodes of chronic stress can result in psychic disorders like post-traumatic stress disorder, but also promote the development of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. We hypothesize that muscle, as main regulator of whole-body energy expenditure, is a central target of acute and adaptive molecular effects of stress in this context. Here, we investigate the immediate effect of a stress period on energy metabolism in Musculus gastrocnemius in our established C57BL/6 chronic variable stress (Cvs) mouse model. Cvs decreased lean body mass despite increased energy intake, reduced circadian energy expenditure (EE), and substrate utilization. Cvs altered the proteome of metabolic components but not of the oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS), or other mitochondrial structural components. Functionally, Cvs impaired the electron transport chain (ETC) capacity of complex I and complex II, and reduces respiratory capacity of the ETC from complex I to ATP synthase. Complex I-OXPHOS correlated to diurnal EE and complex II-maximal uncoupled respiration correlated to diurnal and reduced nocturnal EE. Bioenergetics assessment revealed higher optimal thermodynamic efficiencies (ƞ-opt) of mitochondria via complex II after Cvs. Interestingly, transcriptome and methylome were unaffected by Cvs, thus excluding major contributions to supposed metabolic adaptation processes. In summary, the preclinical Cvs model shows that metabolic pressure by Cvs is initially compensated by adaptation of mitochondria function associated with high thermodynamic efficiency and decreased EE to manage the energy balance. This counter-regulation of mitochondrial complex II may be the driving force to longitudinal metabolic changes of muscle physiological adaptation as the basis of stress memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Nikolic
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Pia Fahlbusch
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Natalie Wahlers
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Nele-Kathrien Riffelmann
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Sylvia Jacob
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Sonja Hartwig
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Ulrike Kettel
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Matthias Dille
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Hadi Al-Hasani
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
- Medical Faculty Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jörg Kotzka
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Birgit Knebel
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.
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5
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Stork BA, Dean A, Ortiz AR, Saha P, Putluri N, Planas-Silva MD, Mahmud I, Rajapakshe K, Coarfa C, Knapp S, Lorenzi PL, Kemp BE, Turk BE, Scott JW, Means AR, York B. Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 regulates hepatic fuel metabolism. Mol Metab 2022; 62:101513. [PMID: 35562082 PMCID: PMC9157561 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The liver is the primary internal metabolic organ that coordinates whole body energy homeostasis in response to feeding and fasting. Genetic ablation or pharmacological inhibition of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 (CaMKK2) has been shown to significantly improve hepatic health and peripheral insulin sensitivity upon overnutrition with high fat diet. However, the precise molecular underpinnings that explain this metabolic protection have remained largely undefined. METHODS To characterize the role of CaMKK2 in hepatic metabolism, we developed and challenged liver-specific CaMKK2 knockout (CaMKK2LKO) mice with high fat diet and performed glucose and insulin tolerance tests to evaluate peripheral insulin sensitivity. We used a combination of RNA-Sequencing, glucose and fatty acid istotopic tracer studies, a newly developed Seahorse assay for measuring the oxidative capacity of purified peroxisomes, and a degenerate peptide libarary to identify putative CaMKK2 substrates that mechanistically explain the protective effects of hepatic CaMKK2 ablation. RESULTS Consistent with previous findings, we show that hepatic CaMKK2 ablation significantly improves indices of peripheral insulin sensitivity. Mechanistically, we found that CaMKK2 phosphorylates and regulates GAPDH to promote glucose metabolism and PEX3 to blunt peroxisomal fatty acid catabolism in the liver. CONCLUSION CaMKK2 is a central metabolic fuel sensor in the liver that significantly contributes to whole body systems metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany A Stork
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Adam Dean
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Andrea R Ortiz
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Pradip Saha
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Nagireddy Putluri
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | | | - Iqbal Mahmud
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kimal Rajapakshe
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Cristian Coarfa
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Stefan Knapp
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), Buchmann Institute for Life Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Philip L Lorenzi
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bruce E Kemp
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research and Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, 3065, Australia; Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
| | - Benjamin E Turk
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - John W Scott
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research and Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, 3065, Australia; The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - Anthony R Means
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Brian York
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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6
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Fahlbusch P, Nikolic A, Hartwig S, Jacob S, Kettel U, Köllmer C, Al-Hasani H, Lehr S, Müller-Wieland D, Knebel B, Kotzka J. Adaptation of Oxidative Phosphorylation Machinery Compensates for Hepatic Lipotoxicity in Early Stages of MAFLD. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126873. [PMID: 35743314 PMCID: PMC9224893 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in mitochondrial function are an important control variable in the progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), while also noted by increased de novo lipogenesis (DNL) and hepatic insulin resistance. We hypothesized that the organization and function of a mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) in this pathologic condition is a consequence of shifted substrate availability. We addressed this question using a transgenic mouse model with increased hepatic insulin resistance and DNL due to constitutively active human SREBP-1c. The abundance of ETC complex subunits and components of key metabolic pathways are regulated in the liver of these animals. Further omics approaches combined with functional assays in isolated liver mitochondria and primary hepatocytes revealed that the SREBP-1c-forced fatty liver induced a substrate limitation for oxidative phosphorylation, inducing enhanced complex II activity. The observed increased expression of mitochondrial genes may have indicated a counteraction. In conclusion, a shift of available substrates directed toward activated DNL results in increased electron flows, mainly through complex II, to compensate for the increased energy demand of the cell. The reorganization of key compounds in energy metabolism observed in the SREBP-1c animal model might explain the initial increase in mitochondrial function observed in the early stages of human MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Fahlbusch
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; (P.F.); (A.N.); (S.H.); (S.J.); (U.K.); (C.K.); (H.A.-H.); (S.L.); (J.K.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Aleksandra Nikolic
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; (P.F.); (A.N.); (S.H.); (S.J.); (U.K.); (C.K.); (H.A.-H.); (S.L.); (J.K.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Sonja Hartwig
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; (P.F.); (A.N.); (S.H.); (S.J.); (U.K.); (C.K.); (H.A.-H.); (S.L.); (J.K.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Sylvia Jacob
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; (P.F.); (A.N.); (S.H.); (S.J.); (U.K.); (C.K.); (H.A.-H.); (S.L.); (J.K.)
| | - Ulrike Kettel
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; (P.F.); (A.N.); (S.H.); (S.J.); (U.K.); (C.K.); (H.A.-H.); (S.L.); (J.K.)
| | - Cornelia Köllmer
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; (P.F.); (A.N.); (S.H.); (S.J.); (U.K.); (C.K.); (H.A.-H.); (S.L.); (J.K.)
| | - Hadi Al-Hasani
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; (P.F.); (A.N.); (S.H.); (S.J.); (U.K.); (C.K.); (H.A.-H.); (S.L.); (J.K.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefan Lehr
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; (P.F.); (A.N.); (S.H.); (S.J.); (U.K.); (C.K.); (H.A.-H.); (S.L.); (J.K.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Dirk Müller-Wieland
- Clinical Research Centre, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Birgit Knebel
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; (P.F.); (A.N.); (S.H.); (S.J.); (U.K.); (C.K.); (H.A.-H.); (S.L.); (J.K.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-211-3382-536
| | - Jörg Kotzka
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; (P.F.); (A.N.); (S.H.); (S.J.); (U.K.); (C.K.); (H.A.-H.); (S.L.); (J.K.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
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7
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Ferreira I, Machado de Oliveira R, Carvalho AS, Teshima A, Beck HC, Matthiesen R, Costa-Silva B, Macedo MP. Messages from the Small Intestine Carried by Extracellular Vesicles in Prediabetes: A Proteomic Portrait. J Proteome Res 2022; 21:910-920. [PMID: 35263542 PMCID: PMC8982452 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) mediate communication in physiological and pathological conditions. In the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes, inter-organ communication plays an important role in its progress and metabolic surgery leads to its remission. Moreover, gut dysbiosis is emerging as a diabetogenic factor. However, it remains unclear how the gut senses metabolic alterations and whether this is transmitted to other tissues via EVs. Using a diet-induced prediabetic mouse model, we observed that protein packaging in gut-derived EVs (GDE), specifically the small intestine, is altered in prediabetes. Proteins related to lipid metabolism and to oxidative stress management were more abundant in prediabetic GDE compared to healthy controls. On the other hand, proteins related to glycolytic activity, as well as those responsible for the degradation of polyubiquitinated composites, were depleted in prediabetic GDE. Together, our findings show that protein packaging in GDE is markedly modified during prediabetes pathogenesis, thus suggesting that prediabetic alterations in the small intestine are translated into modified GDE proteomes, which are dispersed into the circulation where they can interact with and influence the metabolic status of other tissues. This study highlights the importance of the small intestine as a tissue that propagates prediabetic metabolic dysfunction throughout the body and the importance of GDE as the messengers. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD028338.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Ferreira
- Chronic Diseases Research Centre, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, (NMS/FCM), Lisbon 1169-056, Portugal.,Bioengineering─Cell Therapies and Regenerative Medicine PhD Program, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, Lisbon 1049-001, Portugal.,Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rita Machado de Oliveira
- Chronic Diseases Research Centre, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, (NMS/FCM), Lisbon 1169-056, Portugal
| | - Ana Sofia Carvalho
- Chronic Diseases Research Centre, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, (NMS/FCM), Lisbon 1169-056, Portugal
| | - Akiko Teshima
- Chronic Diseases Research Centre, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, (NMS/FCM), Lisbon 1169-056, Portugal
| | - Hans Christian Beck
- Centre for Clinical Proteomics, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Odense 5000, Denmark
| | - Rune Matthiesen
- Chronic Diseases Research Centre, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, (NMS/FCM), Lisbon 1169-056, Portugal
| | - Bruno Costa-Silva
- Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria Paula Macedo
- Chronic Diseases Research Centre, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, (NMS/FCM), Lisbon 1169-056, Portugal.,APDP-ERC Portuguese Diabetes Association Education and Research Centre, Lisbon 1250-189, Portugal.,Departament of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
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8
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Jonas W, Kluth O, Helms A, Voß S, Jähnert M, Gottmann P, Speckmann T, Knebel B, Chadt A, Al-Hasani H, Schürmann A, Vogel H. Identification of Novel Genes Involved in Hyperglycemia in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063205. [PMID: 35328627 PMCID: PMC8949927 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Current attempts to prevent and manage type 2 diabetes have been moderately effective, and a better understanding of the molecular roots of this complex disease is important to develop more successful and precise treatment options. Recently, we initiated the collective diabetes cross, where four mouse inbred strains differing in their diabetes susceptibility were crossed with the obese and diabetes-prone NZO strain and identified the quantitative trait loci (QTL) Nidd13/NZO, a genomic region on chromosome 13 that correlates with hyperglycemia in NZO allele carriers compared to B6 controls. Subsequent analysis of the critical region, harboring 644 genes, included expression studies in pancreatic islets of congenic Nidd13/NZO mice, integration of single-cell data from parental NZO and B6 islets as well as haplotype analysis. Finally, of the five genes (Acot12, S100z, Ankrd55, Rnf180, and Iqgap2) within the polymorphic haplotype block that are differently expressed in islets of B6 compared to NZO mice, we identified the calcium-binding protein S100z gene to affect islet cell proliferation as well as apoptosis when overexpressed in MIN6 cells. In summary, we define S100z as the most striking gene to be causal for the diabetes QTL Nidd13/NZO by affecting β-cell proliferation and apoptosis. Thus, S100z is an entirely novel diabetes gene regulating islet cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenke Jonas
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (W.J.); (O.K.); (A.H.); (S.V.); (M.J.); (P.G.); (T.S.); (A.S.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, 85764 München, Germany; (B.K.); (A.C.); (H.A.-H.)
| | - Oliver Kluth
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (W.J.); (O.K.); (A.H.); (S.V.); (M.J.); (P.G.); (T.S.); (A.S.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, 85764 München, Germany; (B.K.); (A.C.); (H.A.-H.)
| | - Anett Helms
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (W.J.); (O.K.); (A.H.); (S.V.); (M.J.); (P.G.); (T.S.); (A.S.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, 85764 München, Germany; (B.K.); (A.C.); (H.A.-H.)
| | - Sarah Voß
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (W.J.); (O.K.); (A.H.); (S.V.); (M.J.); (P.G.); (T.S.); (A.S.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, 85764 München, Germany; (B.K.); (A.C.); (H.A.-H.)
| | - Markus Jähnert
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (W.J.); (O.K.); (A.H.); (S.V.); (M.J.); (P.G.); (T.S.); (A.S.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, 85764 München, Germany; (B.K.); (A.C.); (H.A.-H.)
| | - Pascal Gottmann
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (W.J.); (O.K.); (A.H.); (S.V.); (M.J.); (P.G.); (T.S.); (A.S.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, 85764 München, Germany; (B.K.); (A.C.); (H.A.-H.)
| | - Thilo Speckmann
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (W.J.); (O.K.); (A.H.); (S.V.); (M.J.); (P.G.); (T.S.); (A.S.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, 85764 München, Germany; (B.K.); (A.C.); (H.A.-H.)
| | - Birgit Knebel
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, 85764 München, Germany; (B.K.); (A.C.); (H.A.-H.)
- German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Medical Faculty, Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexandra Chadt
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, 85764 München, Germany; (B.K.); (A.C.); (H.A.-H.)
- German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Medical Faculty, Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Hadi Al-Hasani
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, 85764 München, Germany; (B.K.); (A.C.); (H.A.-H.)
- German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Medical Faculty, Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Annette Schürmann
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (W.J.); (O.K.); (A.H.); (S.V.); (M.J.); (P.G.); (T.S.); (A.S.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, 85764 München, Germany; (B.K.); (A.C.); (H.A.-H.)
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Potsdam, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Heike Vogel
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (W.J.); (O.K.); (A.H.); (S.V.); (M.J.); (P.G.); (T.S.); (A.S.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, 85764 München, Germany; (B.K.); (A.C.); (H.A.-H.)
- Research Group Genetics of Obesity, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
- Research Group Molecular and Clinical Life Science of Metabolic Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, 14469 Potsdam, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-33200-884545
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9
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Huang CH, Huang YL, Shen ZQ, Lin CH, Tsai TF. Cisd2 Preserves the Youthful Pattern of the Liver Proteome during Natural Aging of Mice. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9091229. [PMID: 34572415 PMCID: PMC8470730 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisd2 (CDGSH iron sulfur domain 2) is a pro-longevity gene that extends the lifespan and health span of mice, ameliorates age-associated structural damage and limits functional decline in multiple tissues. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which plays an important role in age-related liver disorders, is the most common liver disease worldwide. However, no medicines that can be used to specifically and effectively treat NAFLD are currently approved for this disease. Our aim was to provide pathological and molecular evidence to show that Cisd2 protects the liver from age-related dysregulation of lipid metabolism and protein homeostasis. This study makes four major discoveries. Firstly, a persistently high level of Cisd2 protects the liver from age-related fat accumulation. Secondly, proteomics analysis revealed that Cisd2 ameliorates age-related dysregulation of lipid metabolism, including lipid biosynthesis and β-oxidation, in mitochondria and peroxisomes. Thirdly, Cisd2 attenuates aging-associated oxidative modifications of proteins. Finally, Cisd2 regulates intracellular protein homeostasis by maintaining the functionality of molecular chaperones and protein synthesis machinery. Our proteomics findings highlight Cisd2 as a novel molecular target for the development of therapies targeting fatty liver diseases, and these new therapies are likely to help prevent subsequent malignant progression to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Hua Huang
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (C.-H.H.); (Y.-L.H.); (Z.-Q.S.)
| | - Yi-Long Huang
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (C.-H.H.); (Y.-L.H.); (Z.-Q.S.)
- Aging and Health Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Zhao-Qing Shen
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (C.-H.H.); (Y.-L.H.); (Z.-Q.S.)
| | - Chao-Hsiung Lin
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (C.-H.H.); (Y.-L.H.); (Z.-Q.S.)
- Aging and Health Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-H.L.); (T.-F.T.); Tel.: +886-2-2826-67280 (C.-H.L.); +886-2-2826-67293 (T.-F.T.)
| | - Ting-Fen Tsai
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (C.-H.H.); (Y.-L.H.); (Z.-Q.S.)
- Aging and Health Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 350, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-H.L.); (T.-F.T.); Tel.: +886-2-2826-67280 (C.-H.L.); +886-2-2826-67293 (T.-F.T.)
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10
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Simões ICM, Amorim R, Teixeira J, Karkucinska-Wieckowska A, Carvalho A, Pereira SP, Simões RF, Szymanska S, Dąbrowski M, Janikiewicz J, Dobrzyń A, Oliveira PJ, Potes Y, Wieckowski MR. The Alterations of Mitochondrial Function during NAFLD Progression-An Independent Effect of Mitochondrial ROS Production. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136848. [PMID: 34202179 PMCID: PMC8268944 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) into non-alcoholic steatohepatitis implicates multiple mechanisms, chief of which is mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the sequence of events underlying mitochondrial failure are still poorly clarified. In this work, male C57BL/6J mice were fed with a high-fat plus high-sucrose diet for 16, 20, 22, and 24 weeks to induce NAFL. Up to the 20th week, an early mitochondrial remodeling with increased OXPHOS subunits levels and higher mitochondrial respiration occurred. Interestingly, a progressive loss of mitochondrial respiration along "Western diet" feeding was identified, accompanied by higher susceptibility to mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening. Importantly, our findings prove that mitochondrial alterations and subsequent impairment are independent of an excessive mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, which was found to be progressively diminished along with disease progression. Instead, increased peroxisomal abundance and peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation-related pathway suggest that peroxisomes may contribute to hepatic ROS generation and oxidative damage, which may accelerate hepatic injury and disease progression. We show here for the first time the sequential events of mitochondrial alterations involved in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) progression and demonstrate that mitochondrial ROS are not one of the first hits that cause NAFLD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês C. M. Simões
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (I.C.M.S.); (M.D.); (J.J.); (A.D.)
| | - Ricardo Amorim
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB—Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.A.); (J.T.); (A.C.); (S.P.P.); (R.F.S.); (P.J.O.)
- CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - José Teixeira
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB—Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.A.); (J.T.); (A.C.); (S.P.P.); (R.F.S.); (P.J.O.)
| | | | - Adriana Carvalho
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB—Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.A.); (J.T.); (A.C.); (S.P.P.); (R.F.S.); (P.J.O.)
| | - Susana P. Pereira
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB—Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.A.); (J.T.); (A.C.); (S.P.P.); (R.F.S.); (P.J.O.)
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LametEx), Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui F. Simões
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB—Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.A.); (J.T.); (A.C.); (S.P.P.); (R.F.S.); (P.J.O.)
| | - Sylwia Szymanska
- Department of Pathology, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland; (A.K.-W.); (S.S.)
| | - Michał Dąbrowski
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (I.C.M.S.); (M.D.); (J.J.); (A.D.)
| | - Justyna Janikiewicz
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (I.C.M.S.); (M.D.); (J.J.); (A.D.)
| | - Agnieszka Dobrzyń
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (I.C.M.S.); (M.D.); (J.J.); (A.D.)
| | - Paulo J. Oliveira
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB—Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.A.); (J.T.); (A.C.); (S.P.P.); (R.F.S.); (P.J.O.)
| | - Yaiza Potes
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (I.C.M.S.); (M.D.); (J.J.); (A.D.)
- Correspondence: (Y.P.); (M.R.W.)
| | - Mariusz R. Wieckowski
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (I.C.M.S.); (M.D.); (J.J.); (A.D.)
- Correspondence: (Y.P.); (M.R.W.)
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11
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Western Diet Causes Obesity-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Development by Differentially Compromising the Autophagic Response. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9100995. [PMID: 33076261 PMCID: PMC7602470 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9100995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by the development of steatosis, which can ultimately compromise liver function. Mitochondria are key players in obesity-induced metabolic disorders; however, the distinct role of hypercaloric diet constituents in hepatic cellular oxidative stress and metabolism is unknown. Male mice were fed either a high-fat (HF) diet, a high-sucrose (HS) diet or a combined HF plus HS (HFHS) diet for 16 weeks. This study shows that hypercaloric diets caused steatosis; however, the HFHS diet induced severe fibrotic phenotype. At the mitochondrial level, lipidomic analysis showed an increased cardiolipin content for all tested diets. Despite this, no alterations were found in the coupling efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation and neither in mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (FAO). Consistent with unchanged mitochondrial function, no alterations in mitochondrial-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant capacity were found. In contrast, the HF and HS diets caused lipid peroxidation and provoked altered antioxidant enzyme levels/activities in liver tissue. Our work provides evidence that hepatic oxidative damage may be caused by augmented levels of peroxisomes and consequently higher peroxisomal FAO-induced ROS in the early NAFLD stage. Hepatic damage is also associated with autophagic flux impairment, which was demonstrated to be diet-type dependent. The HS diet induced a reduction in autophagosomal formation, while the HF diet reduced levels of cathepsins. The accumulation of damaged organelles could instigate hepatocyte injuries and NAFLD progression.
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12
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Role of Extracellular Vesicles in the Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Tracking of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9072032. [PMID: 32610455 PMCID: PMC7409057 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9072032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease, affecting approximately one-third of the global population. Most affected individuals experience only simple steatosis—an accumulation of fat in the liver—but a proportion of these patients will progress to the more severe form of the disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which enhances the risk of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Diagnostic approaches to NAFLD are currently limited in accuracy and efficiency; and liver biopsy remains the only reliable way to confirm NASH. This technique, however, is highly invasive and poses risks to patients. Hence, there is an increasing demand for improved minimally invasive diagnostic tools for screening at-risk individuals and identifying patients with more severe disease as well as those likely to progress to such stages. Recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs)—small membrane-bound particles released by virtually all cell types into circulation—have emerged as a rich potential source of biomarkers that can reflect liver function and pathological processes in NAFLD. Of particular interest to the diagnosis and tracking of NAFLD is the potential to extract microRNAs miR-122 and miR-192 from EVs circulating in blood, particularly when using an isolation technique that selectively captures hepatocyte-derived EVs.
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13
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Barbosa DM, Fahlbusch P, Herzfeld de Wiza D, Jacob S, Kettel U, Al-Hasani H, Krüger M, Ouwens DM, Hartwig S, Lehr S, Kotzka J, Knebel B. Rhein, a novel Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor with antifibrotic potency in human myocardial fibrosis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4888. [PMID: 32184434 PMCID: PMC7078222 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61886-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although fibrosis depicts a reparative mechanism, maladaptation of the heart due to excessive production of extracellular matrix accelerates cardiac dysfunction. The anthraquinone Rhein was examined for its anti-fibrotic potency to mitigate cardiac fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition (FMT). Primary human ventricular cardiac fibroblasts were subjected to hypoxia and characterized with proteomics, transcriptomics and cell functional techniques. Knowledge based analyses of the omics data revealed a modulation of fibrosis-associated pathways and cell cycle due to Rhein administration during hypoxia, whereas p53 and p21 were identified as upstream regulators involved in the manifestation of cardiac fibroblast phenotypes. Mechanistically, Rhein acts inhibitory on HDAC classes I/II as enzymatic inhibitor. Rhein-mediated cellular effects were linked to the histone deacetylase (HDAC)-dependent protein stabilization of p53 under normoxic but not hypoxic conditions. Functionally, Rhein inhibited collagen contraction, indicating anti-fibrotic property in cardiac remodeling. This was accompanied by increased abundance of SMAD7, but not SMAD2/3, and consistently SMAD-specific E3 ubiquitin ligase SMURF2. In conclusion, this study identifies Rhein as a novel potent direct HDAC inhibitor that may contribute to the treatment of cardiac fibrosis as anti-fibrotic agent. As readily available drug with approved safety, Rhein constitutes a promising potential therapeutic approach in the supplemental and protective intervention of cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Monteiro Barbosa
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Aufm Hennekamp 65, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany.,Medical Faculty, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Pia Fahlbusch
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Aufm Hennekamp 65, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Daniella Herzfeld de Wiza
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Aufm Hennekamp 65, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sylvia Jacob
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Aufm Hennekamp 65, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Kettel
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Aufm Hennekamp 65, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Hadi Al-Hasani
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Aufm Hennekamp 65, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany.,Medical Faculty, Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Martina Krüger
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - D Margriet Ouwens
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Aufm Hennekamp 65, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany.,Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sonja Hartwig
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Aufm Hennekamp 65, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Lehr
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Aufm Hennekamp 65, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jorg Kotzka
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Aufm Hennekamp 65, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Birgit Knebel
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Aufm Hennekamp 65, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany. .,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany.
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14
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Vileigas DF, Harman VM, Freire PP, Marciano CLC, Sant'Ana PG, de Souza SLB, Mota GAF, da Silva VL, Campos DHS, Padovani CR, Okoshi K, Beynon RJ, Santos LD, Cicogna AC. Landscape of heart proteome changes in a diet-induced obesity model. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18050. [PMID: 31792287 PMCID: PMC6888820 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54522-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a pandemic associated with a high incidence of cardiovascular disease; however, the mechanisms are not fully elucidated. Proteomics may provide a more in-depth understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms and contribute to the identification of potential therapeutic targets. Thus, our study evaluated myocardial protein expression in healthy and obese rats, employing two proteomic approaches. Male Wistar rats were established in two groups (n = 13/group): control diet and Western diet fed for 41 weeks. Obesity was determined by the adipose index, and cardiac function was evaluated in vivo by echocardiogram and in vitro by isolated papillary muscle analysis. Proteomics was based on two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) along with mass spectrometry identification, and shotgun proteomics with label-free quantification. The Western diet was efficient in triggering obesity and impaired contractile function in vitro; however, no cardiac dysfunction was observed in vivo. The combination of two proteomic approaches was able to increase the cardiac proteomic map and to identify 82 differentially expressed proteins involved in different biological processes, mainly metabolism. Furthermore, the data also indicated a cardiac alteration in fatty acids transport, antioxidant defence, cytoskeleton, and proteasome complex, which have not previously been associated with obesity. Thus, we define a robust alteration in the myocardial proteome of diet-induced obese rats, even before functional impairment could be detected in vivo by echocardiogram.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle F Vileigas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618687, Brazil.
| | - Victoria M Harman
- Centre for Proteome Research, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, Merseyside, L69 7ZB, United Kingdom
| | - Paula P Freire
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618970, Brazil
| | - Cecília L C Marciano
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618687, Brazil
| | - Paula G Sant'Ana
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618687, Brazil
| | - Sérgio L B de Souza
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618687, Brazil
| | - Gustavo A F Mota
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618687, Brazil
| | - Vitor L da Silva
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618687, Brazil
| | - Dijon H S Campos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618687, Brazil
| | - Carlos R Padovani
- Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618970, Brazil
| | - Katashi Okoshi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618687, Brazil
| | - Robert J Beynon
- Centre for Proteome Research, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, Merseyside, L69 7ZB, United Kingdom
| | - Lucilene D Santos
- Center for the Study of Venoms and Venomous Animals (CEVAP)/Graduate Program in Tropical Diseases (FMB), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, 18610307, Brazil
| | - Antonio C Cicogna
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618687, Brazil.
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15
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Knebel B, Fahlbusch P, Dille M, Wahlers N, Hartwig S, Jacob S, Kettel U, Schiller M, Herebian D, Koellmer C, Lehr S, Müller-Wieland D, Kotzka J. Fatty Liver Due to Increased de novo Lipogenesis: Alterations in the Hepatic Peroxisomal Proteome. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:248. [PMID: 31709254 PMCID: PMC6823594 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) caused by ectopic lipid accumulation, lipotoxicity is a crucial molecular risk factor. Mechanisms to eliminate lipid overflow can prevent the liver from functional complications. This may involve increased secretion of lipids or metabolic adaptation to ß-oxidation in lipid-degrading organelles such as mitochondria and peroxisomes. In addition to dietary factors, increased plasma fatty acid levels may be due to increased triglyceride synthesis, lipolysis, as well as de novo lipid synthesis (DNL) in the liver. In the present study, we investigated the impact of fatty liver caused by elevated DNL, in a transgenic mouse model with liver-specific overexpression of human sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (alb-SREBP-1c), on hepatic gene expression, on plasma lipids and especially on the proteome of peroxisomes by omics analyses, and we interpreted the results with knowledge-based analyses. In summary, the increased hepatic DNL is accompanied by marginal gene expression changes but massive changes in peroxisomal proteome. Furthermore, plasma phosphatidylcholine (PC) as well as lysoPC species were altered. Based on these observations, it can be speculated that the plasticity of organelles and their functionality may be directly affected by lipid overflow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Knebel
- Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Pia Fahlbusch
- Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Matthias Dille
- Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Natalie Wahlers
- Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sonja Hartwig
- Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sylvia Jacob
- Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ulrike Kettel
- Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Martina Schiller
- Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Diran Herebian
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty, University Children’s Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Cornelia Koellmer
- Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefan Lehr
- Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dirk Müller-Wieland
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Clinical Research Centre, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jorg Kotzka
- Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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16
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Hörbelt T, Knebel B, Fahlbusch P, Barbosa D, de Wiza DH, Van de Velde F, Van Nieuwenhove Y, Lapauw B, Thoresen GH, Al-Hasani H, Müller-Wieland D, Ouwens DM, Kotzka J. The adipokine sFRP4 induces insulin resistance and lipogenesis in the liver. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:2671-2684. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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17
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Two Novel Candidate Genes for Insulin Secretion Identified by Comparative Genomics of Multiple Backcross Mouse Populations. Genetics 2018; 210:1527-1542. [PMID: 30341086 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.118.301578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
To identify novel disease genes for type 2 diabetes (T2D) we generated two backcross populations of obese and diabetes-susceptible New Zealand Obese (NZO/HI) mice with the two lean mouse strains 129P2/OlaHsd and C3HeB/FeJ. Subsequent whole-genome linkage scans revealed 30 novel quantitative trait loci (QTL) for T2D-associated traits. The strongest association with blood glucose [12 cM, logarithm of the odds (LOD) 13.3] and plasma insulin (17 cM, LOD 4.8) was detected on proximal chromosome 7 (designated Nbg7p, NZO blood glucose on proximal chromosome 7) exclusively in the NZOxC3H crossbreeding, suggesting that the causal gene is contributed by the C3H genome. Introgression of the critical C3H fragment into the genetic NZO background by generating recombinant congenic strains and metabolic phenotyping validated the phenotype. For the detection of candidate genes in the critical region (30-46 Mb), we used a combined approach of haplotype and gene expression analysis to search for C3H-specific gene variants in the pancreatic islets, which appeared to be the most likely target tissue for the QTL. Two genes, Atp4a and Pop4, fulfilled the criteria from our candidate gene approaches. The knockdown of both genes in MIN6 cells led to decreased glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, indicating a regulatory role of both genes in insulin secretion, thereby possibly contributing to the phenotype linked to Nbg7p In conclusion, our combined- and comparative-cross analysis approach has successfully led to the identification of two novel diabetes susceptibility candidate genes, and thus has been proven to be a valuable tool for the discovery of novel disease genes.
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18
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Inactivation of SREBP-1a Phosphorylation Prevents Fatty Liver Disease in Mice: Identification of Related Signaling Pathways by Gene Expression Profiles in Liver and Proteomes of Peroxisomes. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19040980. [PMID: 29587401 PMCID: PMC5979561 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19040980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The key lipid metabolism transcription factor sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)-1a integrates gene regulatory effects of hormones, cytokines, nutrition and metabolites as lipids, glucose, or cholesterol via phosphorylation by different mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades. We have previously reported the impact of SREBP-1a phosphorylation on the phenotype in transgenic mouse models with liver-specific overexpression of the N-terminal transcriptional active domain of SREBP-1a (alb-SREBP-1a) or a MAPK phosphorylation site-deficient variant (alb-SREBP-1a∆P; (S63A, S117A, T426V)), respectively. In this report, we investigated the molecular basis of the systemic observations by holistic analyses of gene expression in liver and of proteome patterns in lipid-degrading organelles involved in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome, i.e., peroxisomes, using 2D-DIGE and mass spectrometry. The differences in hepatic gene expression and peroxisomal protein patterns were surprisingly small between the control and alb-SREBP-1a mice, although the latter develop a severe phenotype with visceral obesity and fatty liver. In contrast, phosphorylation site-deficient alb-SREBP-1a∆P mice, which are protected from fatty liver disease, showed marked differences in hepatic gene expression and peroxisomal proteome patterns. Further knowledge-based analyses revealed that disruption of SREBP-1a phosphorylation resulted in massive alteration of cellular processes, including signs for loss of targeting lipid pathways.
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19
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Hu Y, Sun Q, Hu Y, Hou Z, Zong Y, Omer NA, Abobaker H, Zhao R. Corticosterone-Induced Lipogenesis Activation and Lipophagy Inhibition in Chicken Liver Are Alleviated by Maternal Betaine Supplementation. J Nutr 2018; 148:316-325. [PMID: 29546310 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxx073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We have shown previously that in ovo betaine injection can prevent nonalcoholic fatty liver induced by glucocorticoid exposure in chickens; yet it remains unknown whether feeding betaine to laying hens may exert similar effects in their progeny. Objective In this study, we fed laying hens a betaine-supplemented diet, and the progeny were later exposed chronically to corticosterone (CORT) to test hepatoprotective effects and further elucidate underlying mechanisms. Methods Rugao yellow-feathered laying hens (n = 120) were fed a basal (control, C) diet or a 0.5% betaine-supplemented (B) diet for 28 d before their eggs were collected for incubation. At 49 d of age, male chickens selected from each group were daily injected subcutaneously with solvent (15% ethanol; vehicle, VEH) or CORT (4.0 mg/kg body mass) for 7 d to establish a fatty liver model. Chickens in the 4 groups (C-VEH, C-CORT, B-VEH, and B-CORT) were killed at day 57. Plasma and hepatic triglyceride (TG) concentrations, as well as the hepatic expression of genes involved in lipogenesis and lipophagy, were determined. Results CORT induced a 1.6-fold increase in the plasma TG concentration (P < 0.05) and a 1.8-fold increment in the hepatic TG concentration (P < 0.05), associated with activation of lipogenic genes (70-780%). In contrast, lipophagy and mitochondrial β-oxidation genes were inhibited by 30-60% (P < 0.05) in CORT-treated chickens. These CORT-induced changes were completely normalized by maternal betaine supplementation or were partially normalized to intermediate values that were significantly different from those in the C-VEH and C-CORT groups. These effects were accompanied by modifications in CpG methylation and glucocorticoid receptor binding to the promoters of major lipogenic and lipophagic genes (P < 0.05). Conclusions These results indicate that maternal betaine supplementation protects male juvenile chickens from CORT-induced TG accumulation in the liver via epigenetic modulation of lipogenic and lipophagic genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Hu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinwei Sun
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Hu
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhen Hou
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Yibo Zong
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Nagmeldin A Omer
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Halima Abobaker
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruqian Zhao
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
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20
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Göddeke S, Knebel B, Fahlbusch P, Hörbelt T, Poschmann G, van de Velde F, Benninghoff T, Al-Hasani H, Jacob S, Van Nieuwenhove Y, Lapauw B, Lehr S, Ouwens DM, Kotzka J. CDH13 abundance interferes with adipocyte differentiation and is a novel biomarker for adipose tissue health. Int J Obes (Lond) 2018; 42:1039-1050. [PMID: 29467502 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-018-0022-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CDH13, an atypical member of the cadherin superfamily, has been identified in adipocyte secretomes of lean mouse models. CDH13 abundance differs in mouse models according to their susceptibility to develop metabolic disorders, but the role of CDH13 in adipose tissue is unknown. METHODS Secreted CDH13 protein levels and mRNA levels in visceral adipose tissue were determined in lean and obese mouse models. In vitro studies were performed in 3T3-L1 adipocytes to determine the role of CDH13 in adipocyte differentiation. The pathophysiological impact of visceral adipose tissue CDH13 mRNA and circulating CDH13 levels were determined in humans (normal-weight men n = 37, obese men n = 109 including n = 51 type 2 diabetes patients) and in obese patients (n = 14) pre- and post-metabolic surgery. RESULTS This study shows that in visceral adipose tissue CDH13 protein secretion and mRNA levels were decreased in obese mouse models. Mechanistically, CDH13 affects lipid metabolism during adipogenesis but not in mature adipocytes. CDH13 knockdown during adipogenesis reduced fatty acid uptake and lipid content in developing adipocytes. Furthermore, CDH13 depletion during adipogenesis lowered the induction of PPARγ and C/EBPα expression. These observations are of pathophysiological impact since visceral adipose tissue CDH13 mRNA and circulating CDH13 levels were decreased in obese men compared to normal-weight controls. Weight loss induced by bariatric surgery restored circulating CDH13 to levels found in normal-weight controls. CONCLUSIONS CDH13 levels in adipose tissue and the circulation are affected by obesity in mouse models and humans and are restored by weight loss in humans. CDH13 interferes with the differentiation potential of adipocytes and therefore is a marker for plasticity of fat tissue that might reflect the health status of adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Göddeke
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Aufm Hennekamp 65, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Medical Faculty, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center of Diabetes Research Partner, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Birgit Knebel
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Aufm Hennekamp 65, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center of Diabetes Research Partner, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Pia Fahlbusch
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Aufm Hennekamp 65, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Medical Faculty, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center of Diabetes Research Partner, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Tina Hörbelt
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Aufm Hennekamp 65, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Medical Faculty, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center of Diabetes Research Partner, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Gereon Poschmann
- Molecular Proteomics Laboratory, Biomedizinisches Forschungszentrum (BMFZ), Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Tim Benninghoff
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Aufm Hennekamp 65, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Medical Faculty, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center of Diabetes Research Partner, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Hadi Al-Hasani
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Aufm Hennekamp 65, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Medical Faculty, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center of Diabetes Research Partner, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Sylvia Jacob
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Aufm Hennekamp 65, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center of Diabetes Research Partner, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Yves Van Nieuwenhove
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bruno Lapauw
- Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stefan Lehr
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Aufm Hennekamp 65, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center of Diabetes Research Partner, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - D Margriet Ouwens
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Aufm Hennekamp 65, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center of Diabetes Research Partner, Duesseldorf, Germany.,Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jorg Kotzka
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Aufm Hennekamp 65, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany. .,German Center of Diabetes Research Partner, Duesseldorf, Germany.
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21
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Qu H, Yu H, Gu R, Chen D, Chen X, Huang Y, Xi W, Huang Y. Proteomics for studying the effects of L. rhamnosus LV108 against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats. RSC Adv 2018; 8:38517-38528. [PMID: 35559112 PMCID: PMC9090571 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra06771f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics show protective effects against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, their efficacy against NAFLD and the mechanisms are still unknown. In this study, Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) relative quantitative proteomics was utilized to track the changes in liver protein expression in rats fed with Lactobacillus rhamnosus LV108. A total of 4155 corresponding proteins were identified by MS. A total of 26 differentially expressed proteins were found between the L. rhamnosus LV108 treatment group and mode group, and there are 16 proteins up-regulated and 10 proteins down-regulated. Most of the differentially expressed proteins were involved in apoptosis and lipid metabolism. The key differentially expressed proteins (BFAR and Cyt-C) were verified by parallel reaction monitoring to be reliable. Our study is the first attempt to analyze the protein profile of probiotic-treated NAFLD model rats by quantitative proteomics. The identified proteins in this study will likely contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of the effect of probiotics on NAFLD. Probiotics show protective effects against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengxian Qu
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Yangzhou University
- Yangzhou
- China
- Key Lab of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control
| | - Hongbo Yu
- Uni-enterprise (China) Holding, Ltd
- Kunshan
- China
| | - Ruixia Gu
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Yangzhou University
- Yangzhou
- China
- Key Lab of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control
| | - Dawei Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Yangzhou University
- Yangzhou
- China
- Key Lab of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control
| | - Xia Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Yangzhou University
- Yangzhou
- China
- Key Lab of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control
| | | | - Wenbo Xi
- Uni-enterprise (China) Holding, Ltd
- Kunshan
- China
| | - Yujun Huang
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Yangzhou University
- Yangzhou
- China
- Key Lab of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control
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22
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Knebel B, Göddeke S, Hartwig S, Hörbelt T, Fahlbusch P, Al-Hasani H, Jacob S, Koellmer C, Nitzgen U, Schiller M, Lehr S, Kotzka J. Alteration of Liver Peroxisomal and Mitochondrial Functionality in the NZO Mouse Model of Metabolic Syndrome. Proteomics Clin Appl 2017; 12. [PMID: 29068532 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201700028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Metabolic syndrome (MetS) consists of five risk factors: elevated blood pressure and fasting glucose, visceral obesity, dyslipidemia, and hypercholesterinemia. The physiological impact of lipid metabolism indicated as visceral obesity and hepatic lipid accumulation on MetS is still under debate. One major cause of disturbed lipid metabolism might be dysfunction of cellular organelles controlling energy homeostasis, i.e., mitochondria and peroxisomes. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The New Zealand Obese (NZO) mouse model exhibits a polygenic syndrome of obesity, insulin resistance, triglyceridemia, and hypercholesterolemia that resembles human metabolic syndrome. We applied a multi-omics approach combining lipidomics with liver transcriptomics and top-down MS based organelle proteomics (2D-DIGE) of highly enriched mitochondria and peroxisomes in male mice, to investigate molecular mechanisms related to the impact of lipid metabolism in the pathophysiology of the metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Proteome analyses of liver organelles indicate differences in fatty acid and cholesterol metabolism, mainly influenced by PG-C1α/PPARα and other nuclear receptor mediated pathways. These results are in accordance with altered serum lipid profiles and elevated organelle functionality. These data emphasize that metabolic syndrome is accompanied with increased mitochondria and peroxisomal activity to cope with dyslipidemia and hypercholesterinemia driven hepatic lipid overflow in developing a fatty liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Knebel
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center of Diabetes Research Partner, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Simon Göddeke
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center of Diabetes Research Partner, Duesseldorf, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf Medical Faculty, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Sonja Hartwig
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center of Diabetes Research Partner, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Tina Hörbelt
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center of Diabetes Research Partner, Duesseldorf, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf Medical Faculty, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Pia Fahlbusch
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center of Diabetes Research Partner, Duesseldorf, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf Medical Faculty, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Hadi Al-Hasani
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center of Diabetes Research Partner, Duesseldorf, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf Medical Faculty, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Sylvia Jacob
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center of Diabetes Research Partner, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Cornelia Koellmer
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center of Diabetes Research Partner, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Ulrike Nitzgen
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center of Diabetes Research Partner, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Martina Schiller
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center of Diabetes Research Partner, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefan Lehr
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center of Diabetes Research Partner, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Jorg Kotzka
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center of Diabetes Research Partner, Duesseldorf, Germany
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23
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Lohr K, Pachl F, Moghaddas Gholami A, Geillinger KE, Daniel H, Kuster B, Klingenspor M. Reduced mitochondrial mass and function add to age-related susceptibility toward diet-induced fatty liver in C57BL/6J mice. Physiol Rep 2017; 4:4/19/e12988. [PMID: 27694529 PMCID: PMC5064140 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major health burden in the aging society with an urging medical need for a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation and mitochondrial‐derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) are considered critical in the development of hepatic steatosis, the hallmark of NAFLD. Our study addressed in C57BL/6J mice the effect of high fat diet feeding and age on liver mitochondria at an early stage of NAFLD development. We therefore analyzed functional characteristics of hepatic mitochondria and associated alterations in the mitochondrial proteome in response to high fat feeding in adolescent, young adult, and middle‐aged mice. Susceptibility to diet‐induced obesity increased with age. Young adult and middle‐aged mice developed fatty liver, but not adolescent mice. Fat accumulation was negatively correlated with an age‐related reduction in mitochondrial mass and aggravated by a reduced capacity of fatty acid oxidation in high fat‐fed mice. Irrespective of age, high fat diet increased ROS production in hepatic mitochondria associated with a balanced nuclear factor erythroid‐derived 2 like 2 (NFE2L2) dependent antioxidative response, most likely triggered by reduced tethering of NFE2L2 to mitochondrial phosphoglycerate mutase 5. Age indirectly influenced mitochondrial function by reducing mitochondrial mass, thus exacerbating diet‐induced fat accumulation. Therefore, consideration of age in metabolic studies must be emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Lohr
- Chair of Molecular Nutritional Medicine, Technische Universität München, Else Kröner Fresenius Center for Nutritional Medicine, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany Z I E L - Research Center for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Fiona Pachl
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technische Universität München Bavarian Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry Center, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Amin Moghaddas Gholami
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technische Universität München Bavarian Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry Center, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Kerstin E Geillinger
- Z I E L - Research Center for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany Nutritional Physiology, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Hannelore Daniel
- Z I E L - Research Center for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany Nutritional Physiology, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Bernhard Kuster
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technische Universität München Bavarian Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry Center, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Martin Klingenspor
- Chair of Molecular Nutritional Medicine, Technische Universität München, Else Kröner Fresenius Center for Nutritional Medicine, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany Z I E L - Research Center for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
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24
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Knebel B, Goeddeke S, Poschmann G, Markgraf DF, Jacob S, Nitzgen U, Passlack W, Preuss C, Dicken HD, Stühler K, Hartwig S, Lehr S, Kotzka J. Novel Insights into the Adipokinome of Obese and Obese/Diabetic Mouse Models. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18091928. [PMID: 28885548 PMCID: PMC5618577 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18091928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 08/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The group of adipokines comprises hundreds of biological active proteins and peptides released from adipose tissue. Alterations of those complex protein signatures are suggested to play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of multifactorial, metabolic diseases. We hypothesized that also the pathophysiology of type-2-diabetes is linked to the dysregulation of the adipocyte secretome. To test this, we investigated mouse models with monogenic defects in leptin signaling which are susceptible to adipositas (C57BL/6 Cg-Lepob (obob)) or adipositas with diabetes (C57BL/KS Cg-Leprdb (dbdb)) according to their genetic background. At the age of 17 weeks, visceral fat was obtained and primary murine adipocytes were isolated to harvest secretomes. Quantitative proteome analyses (LC-ESI-MS/MS) identified more than 800 potential secreted proteins. The secretome patterns revealed significant differences connected to the pathophysiology of obese mice. Pathway analyses indicated that these differences focus on exosome modelling, but failed to provide more precise specifications. To investigate the relationship of secretome data to insulin sensitivity, we examined the content of diabetogenic lipids, i.e., diacylglycerols (DAGs), identified as key players in lipid-induced insulin resistance. In contrast to obob mice, fat tissue of dbdb mice showed elevated DAG content, especially of DAG species with saturated fatty acid C16:0 and C18:0, while unsaturated fatty acid C16:1 were only changed in obob. Furthermore, DAG signatures of the models specifically correlate to secreted regulated adipokines indicating specific pathways. In conclusion, our data further support the concept that the fat tissue is an endocrine organ that releases bioactive factors corresponding to adipose tissue health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Knebel
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Aufm Hennekamp 65, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Simon Goeddeke
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Aufm Hennekamp 65, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Gereon Poschmann
- Molecular Proteomics Laboratory, Biomedizinisches Forschungszentrum (BMFZ), Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Daniel F Markgraf
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
- Institute of Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Sylvia Jacob
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Aufm Hennekamp 65, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Ulrike Nitzgen
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Aufm Hennekamp 65, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Waltraud Passlack
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Aufm Hennekamp 65, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Christina Preuss
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
- Institute of Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Hans-Dieter Dicken
- Multimedia Center, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Kai Stühler
- Molecular Proteomics Laboratory, Biomedizinisches Forschungszentrum (BMFZ), Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Sonja Hartwig
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Aufm Hennekamp 65, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Stefan Lehr
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Aufm Hennekamp 65, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Jorg Kotzka
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Aufm Hennekamp 65, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
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25
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Piao L, Choi J, Kwon G, Ha H. Endogenous catalase delays high-fat diet-induced liver injury in mice. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 21:317-325. [PMID: 28461774 PMCID: PMC5409117 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2017.21.3.317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most prevalent liver disease in parallel with worldwide epidemic of obesity. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) contributes to the development and progression of NAFLD. Peroxisomes play an important role in fatty acid oxidation and ROS homeostasis, and catalase is an antioxidant exclusively expressed in peroxisome. The present study examined the role of endogenous catalase in early stage of NAFLD. 8-week-old male catalase knock-out (CKO) and age-matched C57BL/6J wild type (WT) mice were fed either a normal diet (ND: 18% of total calories from fat) or a high fat diet (HFD: 60% of total calories from fat) for 2 weeks. CKO mice gained body weight faster than WT mice at early period of HFD feeding. Plasma triglyceride and ALT, fasting plasma insulin, as well as liver lipid accumulation, inflammation (F4/80 staining), and oxidative stress (8-oxo-dG staining and nitrotyrosine level) were significantly increased in CKO but not in WT mice at 2 weeks of HFD feeding. While phosphorylation of Akt (Ser473) and PGC1α mRNA expression were decreased in both CKO and WT mice at HFD feeding, GSK3β phosphorylation and Cox4-il mRNA expression in the liver were decreased only in CKO-HF mice. Taken together, the present data demonstrated that endogenous catalase exerted beneficial effects in protecting liver injury including lipid accumulation and inflammation through maintaining liver redox balance from the early stage of HFD-induced metabolic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjuan Piao
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Jiyeon Choi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Guideock Kwon
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Hunjoo Ha
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
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26
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Hu Y, Sun Q, Liu J, Jia Y, Cai D, Idriss AA, Omer NA, Zhao R. In ovo injection of betaine alleviates corticosterone-induced fatty liver in chickens through epigenetic modifications. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40251. [PMID: 28059170 PMCID: PMC5216338 DOI: 10.1038/srep40251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Betaine alleviates high-fat diet-induced fatty liver and prenatal betaine programs offspring hepatic lipid metabolism. Excessive corticosterone (CORT) exposure causes fatty liver in chickens, yet it remains unknown whether and how prenatal betaine modulates the susceptibility of CORT-induced fatty liver later in life. In this study, fertilized eggs were injected with saline or betaine before incubation, and the hatchlings were raised at 8 weeks of age followed by 7 days of subcutaneous CORT injection. CORT-induced fatty liver was less severe in betaine-treated chickens, with significantly reduced oil-red staining and hepatic triglyceride content (P < 0.05). The protective effect of prenatal betaine was associated with significantly up-regulated expression of PPARα and CPT1α, as well as mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-encoded genes (P < 0.05). Moreover, betaine rescued CORT-induced alterations in methionine cycle genes, which coincided with modifications of CpG methylation on CPT1α gene promoter and mtDNA D-loop regions. Furthermore, the elevation of hepatic GR protein content after CORT treatment was significantly reduced (P < 0.05), while the reduction of GR binding to the control region of affected genes was significantly increased (P < 0.05), in betaine-treated chickens. These results indicate that in ovo betaine injection protects the juvenile chickens from CORT-induced fatty liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology &Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Qinwei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology &Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology &Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Yimin Jia
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology &Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Demin Cai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology &Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Abdulrahman A Idriss
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology &Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Nagmeldin A Omer
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology &Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Ruqian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology &Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China.,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
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27
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Knebel B, Mack S, Lehr S, Barsch A, Schiller M, Haas J, Lange S, Fuchser J, Zurek G, Müller-Wieland D, Kotzka J. Untargeted mass spectrometric approach in metabolic healthy offspring of patients with type 2 diabetes reveals medium-chain acylcarnitine as potential biomarker for lipid induced glucose intolerance (LGIT). Arch Physiol Biochem 2016; 122:266-280. [PMID: 27373781 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2016.1197277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Offspring of type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients have increased risk to develop diabetes, due to inherited genetic susceptibility that directly interferes with the individual adaption to environmental conditions. We characterise T2D offspring (OSP) to identify metabolic risk markers for early disease prediction. Plasma of metabolically healthy OSP individuals (n = 43) was investigated after an oral lipid tolerance test (oLTT) by an untargeted mass spectrometric approach for holistic metabolome analyses. Two subgroups of OSP probands can be separated by oLTT, although not differing in general clinical parameters. Analyses of the plasma metabolome revealed mainly medium-chain acylcarnitines and very long-chain fatty acids with differential abundance in the subgroups. The study presented indicates that metabolically healthy OSP of T2D patients differ upon metabolic challenging in serum metabolite composition, especially medium-chain acylcarnitines. The difference suggest that postprandial lipid induced glucose intolerance (LGIT) may serve as a further valuable marker for early diabetes prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Knebel
- a Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf , Düsseldorf , Germany
- b German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Muenchen-Neuherberg , Germany
| | - Susanne Mack
- c Institute for Diabetes Research, Department of General Internal Medicine, Asklepios Klinik St. Georg, Medical Faculty of Semmelweis University , Hamburg , Germany , and
| | - Stefan Lehr
- a Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf , Düsseldorf , Germany
- b German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Muenchen-Neuherberg , Germany
| | - Aiko Barsch
- d Bruker Daltonik GmbH , Bremen , Germany , and
| | - Martina Schiller
- a Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf , Düsseldorf , Germany
- b German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Muenchen-Neuherberg , Germany
| | - Jutta Haas
- c Institute for Diabetes Research, Department of General Internal Medicine, Asklepios Klinik St. Georg, Medical Faculty of Semmelweis University , Hamburg , Germany , and
| | - Simone Lange
- c Institute for Diabetes Research, Department of General Internal Medicine, Asklepios Klinik St. Georg, Medical Faculty of Semmelweis University , Hamburg , Germany , and
| | | | | | - Dirk Müller-Wieland
- e Department of Internal Medicine I , University Hospital Aachen , Aachen , Germany
| | - Jorg Kotzka
- a Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf , Düsseldorf , Germany
- b German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Muenchen-Neuherberg , Germany
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28
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van Zutphen T, Ciapaite J, Bloks VW, Ackereley C, Gerding A, Jurdzinski A, de Moraes RA, Zhang L, Wolters JC, Bischoff R, Wanders RJ, Houten SM, Bronte-Tinkew D, Shatseva T, Lewis GF, Groen AK, Reijngoud DJ, Bakker BM, Jonker JW, Kim PK, Bandsma RHJ. Malnutrition-associated liver steatosis and ATP depletion is caused by peroxisomal and mitochondrial dysfunction. J Hepatol 2016; 65:1198-1208. [PMID: 27312946 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2016.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Severe malnutrition in young children is associated with signs of hepatic dysfunction such as steatosis and hypoalbuminemia, but its etiology is unknown. Peroxisomes and mitochondria play key roles in various hepatic metabolic functions including lipid metabolism and energy production. To investigate the involvement of these organelles in the mechanisms underlying malnutrition-induced hepatic dysfunction we developed a rat model of malnutrition. METHODS Weanling rats were placed on a low protein or control diet (5% or 20% of calories from protein, respectively) for four weeks. Peroxisomal and mitochondrial structural features were characterized using immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. Mitochondrial function was assessed using high-resolution respirometry. A novel targeted quantitative proteomics method was applied to analyze 47 mitochondrial proteins involved in oxidative phosphorylation, tricarboxylic acid cycle and fatty acid β-oxidation pathways. RESULTS Low protein diet-fed rats developed hypoalbuminemia and hepatic steatosis, consistent with the human phenotype. Hepatic peroxisome content was decreased and metabolomic analysis indicated peroxisomal dysfunction. This was followed by changes in mitochondrial ultrastructure and increased mitochondrial content. Mitochondrial function was impaired due to multiple defects affecting respiratory chain complex I and IV, pyruvate uptake and several β-oxidation enzymes, leading to strongly reduced hepatic ATP levels. Fenofibrate supplementation restored hepatic peroxisome abundance and increased mitochondrial β-oxidation capacity, resulting in reduced steatosis and normalization of ATP and plasma albumin levels. CONCLUSIONS Malnutrition leads to severe impairments in hepatic peroxisomal and mitochondrial function, and hepatic metabolic dysfunction. We discuss the potential future implications of our findings for the clinical management of malnourished children. LAY SUMMARY Severe malnutrition in children is associated with metabolic disturbances that are poorly understood. In order to study this further, we developed a malnutrition animal model and found that severe malnutrition leads to an impaired function of liver mitochondria which are essential for energy production and a loss of peroxisomes, which are important for normal liver metabolic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim van Zutphen
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Liver, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jolita Ciapaite
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Liver, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Systems Biology Centre for Energy Metabolism and Ageing, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent W Bloks
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Liver, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cameron Ackereley
- Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Albert Gerding
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Liver, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Angelika Jurdzinski
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Liver, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Roberta Allgayer de Moraes
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Liver, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ling Zhang
- Physiology and Experimental Medicine Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Justina C Wolters
- Systems Biology Centre for Energy Metabolism and Ageing, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pharmacy, Analytical Biochemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rainer Bischoff
- Systems Biology Centre for Energy Metabolism and Ageing, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pharmacy, Analytical Biochemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald J Wanders
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Departments of Pediatrics and Clinical Chemistry, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (current address: Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, New York, USA)
| | - Sander M Houten
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Departments of Pediatrics and Clinical Chemistry, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (current address: Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, New York, USA)
| | | | - Tatiana Shatseva
- Program in Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Gary F Lewis
- The Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine and the Banting and Best Diabetes Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Albert K Groen
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Liver, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk-Jan Reijngoud
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Liver, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara M Bakker
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Liver, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Systems Biology Centre for Energy Metabolism and Ageing, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Johan W Jonker
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Liver, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter K Kim
- Program in Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Robert H J Bandsma
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Liver, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Physiology and Experimental Medicine Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Centre for Global Child Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.
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29
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Oxidative Stress in the Healthy and Wounded Hepatocyte: A Cellular Organelles Perspective. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2016:8327410. [PMID: 26788252 PMCID: PMC4691634 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8327410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Accurate control of the cell redox state is mandatory for maintaining the structural integrity and physiological functions. This control is achieved both by a fine-tuned balance between prooxidant and anti-oxidant molecules and by spatial and temporal confinement of the oxidative species. The diverse cellular compartments each, although structurally and functionally related, actively maintain their own redox balance, which is necessary to fulfill specialized tasks. Many fundamental cellular processes such as insulin signaling, cell proliferation and differentiation and cell migration and adhesion, rely on localized changes in the redox state of signal transducers, which is mainly mediated by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Therefore, oxidative stress can also occur long before direct structural damage to cellular components, by disruption of the redox circuits that regulate the cellular organelles homeostasis. The hepatocyte is a systemic hub integrating the whole body metabolic demand, iron homeostasis and detoxification processes, all of which are redox-regulated processes. Imbalance of the hepatocyte's organelles redox homeostasis underlies virtually any liver disease and is a field of intense research activity. This review recapitulates the evolving concept of oxidative stress in the diverse cellular compartments, highlighting the principle mechanisms of oxidative stress occurring in the healthy and wounded hepatocyte.
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30
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Fabbrini E, Magkos F. Hepatic Steatosis as a Marker of Metabolic Dysfunction. Nutrients 2015; 7:4995-5019. [PMID: 26102213 PMCID: PMC4488828 DOI: 10.3390/nu7064995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the liver manifestation of the complex metabolic derangements associated with obesity. NAFLD is characterized by excessive deposition of fat in the liver (steatosis) and develops when hepatic fatty acid availability from plasma and de novo synthesis exceeds hepatic fatty acid disposal by oxidation and triglyceride export. Hepatic steatosis is therefore the biochemical result of an imbalance between complex pathways of lipid metabolism, and is associated with an array of adverse changes in glucose, fatty acid, and lipoprotein metabolism across all tissues of the body. Intrahepatic triglyceride (IHTG) content is therefore a very good marker (and in some cases may be the cause) of the presence and the degree of multiple-organ metabolic dysfunction. These metabolic abnormalities are likely responsible for many cardiometabolic risk factors associated with NAFLD, such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia. Understanding the factors involved in the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of NAFLD will lead to a better understanding of the mechanisms responsible for the metabolic complications of obesity, and hopefully to the discovery of novel effective treatments for their reversal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Fabbrini
- Center for Human Nutrition and Atkins Center of Excellence in Obesity Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Faidon Magkos
- Center for Human Nutrition and Atkins Center of Excellence in Obesity Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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