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Hasan S, Ghani N, Zhao X, Good J, Huang A, Wrona HL, Liu J, Liu CJ. Dietary pyruvate targets cytosolic phospholipase A2 to mitigate inflammation and obesity in mice. Protein Cell 2024; 15:661-685. [PMID: 38512816 PMCID: PMC11365557 DOI: 10.1093/procel/pwae014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity has a multifactorial etiology and is known to be a state of chronic low-grade inflammation, known as meta-inflammation. This state is associated with the development of metabolic disorders such as glucose intolerance and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Pyruvate is a glycolytic metabolite and a crucial node in various metabolic pathways. However, its role and molecular mechanism in obesity and associated complications are obscure. In this study, we reported that pyruvate substantially inhibited adipogenic differentiation in vitro and its administration significantly prevented HFD-induced weight gain, white adipose tissue inflammation, and metabolic dysregulation. To identify the target proteins of pyruvate, drug affinity responsive target stability was employed with proteomics, cellular thermal shift assay, and isothermal drug response to detect the interactions between pyruvate and its molecular targets. Consequently, we identified cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) as a novel molecular target of pyruvate and demonstrated that pyruvate restrained diet-induced obesity, white adipose tissue inflammation, and hepatic steatosis in a cPLA2-dependent manner. Studies with global ablation of cPLA2 in mice showed that the protective effects of pyruvate were largely abrogated, confirming the importance of pyruvate/cPLA2 interaction in pyruvate attenuation of inflammation and obesity. Overall, our study not only establishes pyruvate as an antagonist of cPLA2 signaling and a potential therapeutic option for obesity but it also sheds light on the mechanism of its action. Pyruvate's prior clinical use indicates that it can be considered a safe and viable alternative for obesity, whether consumed as a dietary supplement or as part of a regular diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadaf Hasan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Nabil Ghani
- Department of Medicine, Division of Internal Medicine, Saint Peter’s University Hospital, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, United States
| | - Xiangli Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States
- Department of Orthopedics & Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, United States
| | - Julia Good
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Amanda Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States
- Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, NY, United States
| | - Hailey Lynn Wrona
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Jody Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States
- New York University, NY 14853, United States
| | - Chuan-ju Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States
- Department of Orthopedics & Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, United States
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2
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Musso G, Saba F, Cassader M, Gambino R. Lipidomics in pathogenesis, progression and treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH): Recent advances. Prog Lipid Res 2023; 91:101238. [PMID: 37244504 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2023.101238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic liver disease affecting up to 30% of the general adult population. NAFLD encompasses a histological spectrum ranging from pure steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). NASH can progress to cirrhosis and is becoming the most common indication for liver transplantation, as a result of increasing disease prevalence and of the absence of approved treatments. Lipidomic readouts of liver blood and urine samples from experimental models and from NASH patients disclosed an abnormal lipid composition and metabolism. Collectively, these changes impair organelle function and promote cell damage, necro-inflammation and fibrosis, a condition termed lipotoxicity. We will discuss the lipid species and metabolic pathways leading to NASH development and progression to cirrhosis, as well as and those species that can contribute to inflammation resolution and fibrosis regression. We will also focus on emerging lipid-based therapeutic opportunities, including specialized proresolving lipid molecules and macrovesicles contributing to cell-to-cell communication and NASH pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Musso
- Dept of Emergency Medicine, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, Italy.
| | - Francesca Saba
- Dept. of Medical Sciences, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Maurizio Cassader
- Dept. of Medical Sciences, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Roberto Gambino
- Dept. of Medical Sciences, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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3
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Guijas C, To A, Montenegro-Burke JR, Domingo-Almenara X, Alipio-Gloria Z, Kok BP, Saez E, Alvarez NH, Johnson KA, Siuzdak G. Drug-Initiated Activity Metabolomics Identifies Myristoylglycine as a Potent Endogenous Metabolite for Human Brown Fat Differentiation. Metabolites 2022; 12:749. [PMID: 36005620 PMCID: PMC9415469 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12080749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, obesity rates have doubled since the 1980s and in the USA alone, almost 40% of adults are obese, which is closely associated with a myriad of metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and arteriosclerosis. Obesity is derived from an imbalance between energy intake and consumption, therefore balancing energy homeostasis is an attractive target for metabolic diseases. One therapeutic approach consists of increasing the number of brown-like adipocytes in the white adipose tissue (WAT). Whereas WAT stores excess energy, brown adipose tissue (BAT) can dissipate this energy overload in the form of heat, increasing energy expenditure and thus inhibiting metabolic diseases. To facilitate BAT production a high-throughput screening approach was developed on previously known drugs using human Simpson-Golabi-Behmel Syndrome (SGBS) preadipocytes. The screening allowed us to discover that zafirlukast, an FDA-approved small molecule drug commonly used to treat asthma, was able to differentiate adipocyte precursors and white-biased adipocytes into functional brown adipocytes. However, zafirlukast is toxic to human cells at higher dosages. Drug-Initiated Activity Metabolomics (DIAM) was used to investigate zafirlukast as a BAT inducer, and the endogenous metabolite myristoylglycine was then discovered to mimic the browning properties of zafirlukast without impacting cell viability. Myristoylglycine was found to be bio-synthesized upon zafirlukast treatment and was unique in inducing brown adipocyte differentiation, raising the possibility of using endogenous metabolites and bypassing the exogenous drugs to potentially alleviate disease, in this case, obesity and other related metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Guijas
- Scripps Center for Metabolomics, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Andrew To
- California Institute for Biomedical Research (Calibr), Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - J. Rafael Montenegro-Burke
- Scripps Center for Metabolomics, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Donnelly Center, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Xavier Domingo-Almenara
- Scripps Center for Metabolomics, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Computational Metabolomics for Systems Biology Lab, Omics Sciences Unit, Eurecat—Technology Centre of Catalonia, 08005 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zaida Alipio-Gloria
- California Institute for Biomedical Research (Calibr), Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Bernard P. Kok
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Enrique Saez
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Nicole H. Alvarez
- California Institute for Biomedical Research (Calibr), Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Kristen A. Johnson
- California Institute for Biomedical Research (Calibr), Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Gary Siuzdak
- Scripps Center for Metabolomics, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular, and Computational Biology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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4
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Carruthers NJ, Strieder-Barboza C, Caruso JA, Flesher CG, Baker NA, Kerk SA, Ky A, Ehlers AP, Varban OA, Lyssiotis CA, Lumeng CN, Stemmer PM, O'Rourke RW. The human type 2 diabetes-specific visceral adipose tissue proteome and transcriptome in obesity. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17394. [PMID: 34462518 PMCID: PMC8405693 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96995-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysfunctional visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in obesity is associated with type 2 diabetes (DM) but underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Our objective in this discovery analysis was to identify genes and proteins regulated by DM to elucidate aberrant cellular metabolic and signaling mediators. We performed label-free proteomics and RNA-sequencing analysis of VAT from female bariatric surgery subjects with DM and without DM (NDM). We quantified 1965 protein groups, 23 proteins, and 372 genes that were differently abundant in DM vs. NDM VAT. Proteins downregulated in DM were related to fatty acid synthesis and mitochondrial function (fatty acid synthase, FASN; dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial, E3 component, DLD; succinate dehydrogenase-α, SDHA) while proteins upregulated in DM were associated with innate immunity and transcriptional regulation (vitronectin, VTN; endothelial protein C receptor, EPCR; signal transducer and activator of transcription 5B, STAT5B). Transcriptome indicated defects in innate inflammation, lipid metabolism, and extracellular matrix (ECM) function, and components of complement classical and alternative cascades. The VAT proteome and transcriptome shared 13 biological processes impacted by DM, related to complement activation, cell proliferation and migration, ECM organization, lipid metabolism, and gluconeogenesis. Our data revealed a marked effect of DM in downregulating FASN. We also demonstrate enrichment of complement factor B (CFB), coagulation factor XIII A chain (F13A1), thrombospondin 1 (THBS1), and integrins at mRNA and protein levels, albeit with lower q-values and lack of Western blot or PCR confirmation. Our findings suggest putative mechanisms of VAT dysfunction in DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Carruthers
- Proteomics Core Facility, Wayne State University, 42 W. Warren Ave, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Clarissa Strieder-Barboza
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Joseph A Caruso
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Carmen G Flesher
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Nicki A Baker
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Samuel A Kerk
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Alexander Ky
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Anne P Ehlers
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Department of Surgery, Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, 2215 Fuller Rd, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Oliver A Varban
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Costas A Lyssiotis
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Carey N Lumeng
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Paul M Stemmer
- Proteomics Core Facility, Wayne State University, 42 W. Warren Ave, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Robert W O'Rourke
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA. .,Department of Surgery, Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, 2215 Fuller Rd, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA. .,Section of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, 2210 Taubman Center-5343, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5343, USA.
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5
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Prunonosa Cervera I, Gabriel BM, Aldiss P, Morton NM. The phospholipase A2 family's role in metabolic diseases: Focus on skeletal muscle. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e14662. [PMID: 33433056 PMCID: PMC7802192 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes has increased substantially in recent years creating a global health burden. In obesity, skeletal muscle, the main tissue responsible for insulin-mediated glucose uptake, exhibits dysregulation of insulin signaling, glucose uptake, lipid metabolism, and mitochondrial function, thus, promoting type 2 diabetes. The phospholipase A2 (PLA2) enzyme family mediates lipid signaling and membrane remodeling and may play an important role in metabolic disorders such as obesity, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and fatty liver disease. The PLA2 family consists of 16 members clustered in four groups. PLA2s hydrolyze the sn-2 ester bond of phospholipids generating free fatty acids and lysophospholipids. Differential tissue and subcellular PLA2 expression patterns and the abundance of distinct fatty acyl groups in the target phospholipid determine the impact of individual family members on metabolic functions and, potentially, diseases. Here, we update the current knowledge of the role of the PLA2 family in skeletal muscle, with a view to their potential for therapeutic targeting in metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Prunonosa Cervera
- Molecular Metabolism GroupCentre for Cardiovascular SciencesQueens Medical Research InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Brendan M. Gabriel
- Molecular Metabolism GroupCentre for Cardiovascular SciencesQueens Medical Research InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologyIntegrative PhysiologyKarolinska InstituteStockholmSweden
- Aberdeen Cardiovascular & Diabetes CentreThe Rowett InstituteUniversity of AberdeenAberdeenUK
| | - Peter Aldiss
- Molecular Metabolism GroupCentre for Cardiovascular SciencesQueens Medical Research InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Nicholas M. Morton
- Molecular Metabolism GroupCentre for Cardiovascular SciencesQueens Medical Research InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
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6
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Rescue of Hepatic Phospholipid Remodeling Defectin iPLA2β-Null Mice Attenuates Obese but Not Non-Obese Fatty Liver. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10091332. [PMID: 32957701 PMCID: PMC7565968 DOI: 10.3390/biom10091332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymorphisms of group VIA calcium-independent phospholipase A2 (iPLA2β or PLA2G6) are positively associated with adiposity, blood lipids, and Type-2 diabetes. The ubiquitously expressed iPLA2β catalyzes the hydrolysis of phospholipids (PLs) to generate a fatty acid and a lysoPL. We studied the role of iPLA2β on PL metabolism in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). By using global deletion iPLA2β-null mice, we investigated three NAFLD mouse models; genetic Ob/Ob and long-term high-fat-diet (HFD) feeding (representing obese NAFLD) as well as feeding with methionine- and choline-deficient (MCD) diet (representing non-obese NAFLD). A decrease of hepatic PLs containing monounsaturated- and polyunsaturated fatty acids and a decrease of the ratio between PLs and cholesterol esters were observed in all three NAFLD models. iPLA2β deficiency rescued these decreases in obese, but not in non-obese, NAFLD models. iPLA2β deficiency elicited protection against fatty liver and obesity in the order of Ob/Ob › HFD » MCD. Liver inflammation was not protected in HFD NAFLD, and that liver fibrosis was even exaggerated in non-obese MCD model. Thus, the rescue of hepatic PL remodeling defect observed in iPLA2β-null mice was critical for the protection against NAFLD and obesity. However, iPLA2β deletion in specific cell types such as macrophages may render liver inflammation and fibrosis, independent of steatosis protection.
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7
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Latest advances in STAT signaling and function in adipocytes. Clin Sci (Lond) 2020; 134:629-639. [PMID: 32219346 DOI: 10.1042/cs20190522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Adipocytes and adipose tissue are not inert and make substantial contributions to systemic metabolism by influencing energy homeostasis, insulin sensitivity, and lipid storage. In addition to well-studied hormones such as insulin, there are numerous hormones, cytokines, and growth factors that modulate adipose tissue function. Many endocrine mediators utilize the JAK-STAT pathway to mediate dozens of biological processes, including inflammation and immune responses. JAKs and STATs can modulate both adipocyte development and mature adipocyte function. Of the seven STAT family members, four STATs are expressed in adipocytes and regulated during adipogenesis (STATs 1, 3, 5A, and 5B). These STATs have been shown to play influential roles in adipose tissue development and function. STAT6, in contrast, is highly expressed in both preadipocytes and mature adipocytes, but is not considered to play a major role in regulating adipose tissue function. This review will summarize the latest research that pertains to the functions of STATs in adipocytes and adipose tissue.
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8
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Sato H, Taketomi Y, Miki Y, Murase R, Yamamoto K, Murakami M. Secreted Phospholipase PLA2G2D Contributes to Metabolic Health by Mobilizing ω3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in WAT. Cell Rep 2020; 31:107579. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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9
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Jarc E, Petan T. A twist of FATe: Lipid droplets and inflammatory lipid mediators. Biochimie 2020; 169:69-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2019.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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10
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Declèves AE, Mathew AV, Armando AM, Han X, Dennis EA, Quehenberger O, Sharma K. AMP-activated protein kinase activation ameliorates eicosanoid dysregulation in high-fat-induced kidney disease in mice. J Lipid Res 2019; 60:937-952. [PMID: 30862696 PMCID: PMC6495162 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m088690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD) causes renal lipotoxicity that is ameliorated with AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation. Although bioactive eicosanoids increase with HFD and are essential in regulation of renal disease, their role in the inflammatory response to HFD-induced kidney disease and their modulation by AMPK activation remain unexplored. In a mouse model, we explored the effects of HFD on eicosanoid synthesis and the role of AMPK activation in ameliorating these changes. We used targeted lipidomic profiling with quantitative MS to determine PUFA and eicosanoid content in kidneys, urine, and renal arterial and venous circulation. HFD increased phospholipase expression as well as the total and free pro-inflammatory arachidonic acid (AA) and anti-inflammatory DHA in kidneys. Consistent with the parent PUFA levels, the AA- and DHA-derived lipoxygenase (LOX), cytochrome P450, and nonenzymatic degradation (NE) metabolites increased in kidneys with HFD, while EPA-derived LOX and NE metabolites decreased. Conversely, treatment with 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-D-furanosyl 5'-monophosphate (AICAR), an AMPK activator, reduced the free AA and DHA content and the DHA-derived metabolites in kidney. Interestingly, kidney and circulating AA, AA metabolites, EPA-derived LOX, and NE metabolites are increased with HFD; whereas, DHA metabolites are increased in kidney in contrast to their decreased circulating levels with HFD. Together, these changes showcase HFD-induced pro- and anti-inflammatory eicosanoid dysregulation and highlight the role of AMPK in correcting HFD-induced dysregulated eicosanoid pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Emilie Declèves
- Institute of Metabolomic Medicine University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; Laboratory of Metabolic and Molecular Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine, Université of Mons, Mons, Belgium.
| | - Anna V Mathew
- Division of Nephrology Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Aaron M Armando
- Departments of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Xianlin Han
- Barshop Institute of Aging, Department of Medicine University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Edward A Dennis
- Departments of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Oswald Quehenberger
- Departments of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Kumar Sharma
- Institute of Metabolomic Medicine University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; Center for Renal Precision Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
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11
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Vogel H, Kamitz A, Hallahan N, Lebek S, Schallschmidt T, Jonas W, Jähnert M, Gottmann P, Zellner L, Kanzleiter T, Damen M, Altenhofen D, Burkhardt R, Renner S, Dahlhoff M, Wolf E, Müller TD, Blüher M, Joost HG, Chadt A, Al-Hasani H, Schürmann A. A collective diabetes cross in combination with a computational framework to dissect the genetics of human obesity and Type 2 diabetes. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 27:3099-3112. [PMID: 29893858 PMCID: PMC6097155 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To explore the genetic determinants of obesity and Type 2 diabetes (T2D), the German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD) conducted crossbreedings of the obese and diabetes-prone New Zealand Obese mouse strain with four different lean strains (B6, DBA, C3H, 129P2) that vary in their susceptibility to develop T2D. Genome-wide linkage analyses localized more than 290 quantitative trait loci (QTL) for obesity, 190 QTL for diabetes-related traits and 100 QTL for plasma metabolites in the outcross populations. A computational framework was developed that allowed to refine critical regions and to nominate a small number of candidate genes by integrating reciprocal haplotype mapping and transcriptome data. The efficiency of the complex procedure was demonstrated for one obesity QTL. The genomic interval of 35 Mb with 502 annotated candidate genes was narrowed down to six candidates. Accordingly, congenic mice retained the obesity phenotype owing to an interval that contains three of the six candidate genes. Among these the phospholipase PLA2G4A exhibited an elevated expression in adipose tissue of obese human subjects and is therefore a critical regulator of the obesity locus. Together, our broad and complex approach demonstrates that combined- and comparative-cross analysis exhibits improved mapping resolution and represents a valid tool for the identification of disease genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike Vogel
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal D-14558, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg D-85764, Germany
| | - Anne Kamitz
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal D-14558, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg D-85764, Germany
| | - Nicole Hallahan
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal D-14558, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg D-85764, Germany
| | - Sandra Lebek
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg D-85764, Germany.,Medical Faculty, Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf D-40225, Germany
| | - Tanja Schallschmidt
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg D-85764, Germany.,Medical Faculty, Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf D-40225, Germany
| | - Wenke Jonas
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal D-14558, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg D-85764, Germany
| | - Markus Jähnert
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal D-14558, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg D-85764, Germany
| | - Pascal Gottmann
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal D-14558, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg D-85764, Germany
| | - Lisa Zellner
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal D-14558, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg D-85764, Germany
| | - Timo Kanzleiter
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal D-14558, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg D-85764, Germany
| | - Mareike Damen
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg D-85764, Germany.,Medical Faculty, Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf D-40225, Germany
| | - Delsi Altenhofen
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg D-85764, Germany.,Medical Faculty, Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf D-40225, Germany
| | - Ralph Burkhardt
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig D-04303, Germany
| | - Simone Renner
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg D-85764, Germany.,Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center.,Department of Veterinary Sciences, Center for Innovative Medical Models (CiMM), LMU Munich, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Maik Dahlhoff
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg D-85764, Germany.,Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center.,Department of Veterinary Sciences, Center for Innovative Medical Models (CiMM), LMU Munich, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Eckhard Wolf
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg D-85764, Germany.,Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center.,Department of Veterinary Sciences, Center for Innovative Medical Models (CiMM), LMU Munich, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Timo D Müller
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg D-85764, Germany.,Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg D-85764, Germany.,Division of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Technische Universität München, Munich D-80333, Germany
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig D-04103, Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Joost
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal D-14558, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg D-85764, Germany
| | - Alexandra Chadt
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg D-85764, Germany.,Medical Faculty, Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf D-40225, Germany
| | - Hadi Al-Hasani
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg D-85764, Germany.,Medical Faculty, Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf D-40225, Germany
| | - Annette Schürmann
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal D-14558, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg D-85764, Germany.,Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal D-14558, Germany
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12
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Chang CC, Sia KC, Chang JF, Lin CM, Yang CM, Huang KY, Lin WN. Lipopolysaccharide promoted proliferation and adipogenesis of preadipocytes through JAK/STAT and AMPK-regulated cPLA2 expression. Int J Med Sci 2019; 16:167-179. [PMID: 30662340 PMCID: PMC6332489 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.24068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The proliferation and adipogenesis of preadipocytes played important roles in the development of adipose tissue and contributed much to the processes of obesity. On the other hand, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), also known as endotoxin, is a key outer membrane component of gram-negative bacteria in the gut microbiota, and has a dominant role in linking inflammation to high-fat diet-induced metabolic syndrome. Studies suggested the potential roles of LPS in hepatic steatosis and in obese mice models. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying LPS-regulated obesity remained largely unknown. Here we reported that LPS stimulated expression of cyosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2), one of inflammation regulators of obesity, in the preadipocytes. Pretreatment the inhibitors of JAK2, STAT3, STAT5 or AMPK significantly reduced LPS-increased mRNA and protein expression of cPLA2 together with phosphorylation of JAK2, STAT3, STAT5 and AMPK, separately. Similarly, transfection of siRNA against JAK2 or AMPK abolished expression of cPLA2 and phosphorylation of JAK2 or AMPK together with downregulated expression of JAK2 and AMPK protein. LPS enhanced activation of STAT3 and STAT5 via JAK2-dependent manner in the preadipocytes. Transfection of JAK2 or AMPK siRNA further proofed the independence of JAK2 and AMPK in LPS-treated preadipocytes. In addition, LPS-increased DNA synthesis, cell numbers and cell viability of preadipocytes were attenuated by AACOCF3, AG490, BML-275, cPLA2 siRNA, JAK2 siRNA or AMPK siRNA. Attenuation JAK2/STAT or AMPK-dependent cPLA2 expression reduced LPS-mediated adipogenesis of preadipocytes. Stimulation of arachidonic acid or AMPK activator, A-769662, increased cell numbers and cell viability and promoted differentiation of preadipocytes. Collectively, these results indicated that LPS increased preadipocytes proliferation and adipogenesis via JAK/STAT and AMPK-dependent cPLA2 expression. The mechanisms of LPS-stimulated cPLA2 expression may be a link between bacteria and obesity and provides the molecular basis for preventing metabolic syndrome or hyperplasic obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Chien Chang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, School of medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Kee-Chin Sia
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Feng Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,PhD Program in Nutrition and Food Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, En-Chu-Kong Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Mo Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Chest Medicine, Shin Kong Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chuen-Mao Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Health Ageing Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Department of Anesthetics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkuo and Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine and Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Pathology and Parasitology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ning Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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13
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A high-density genetic linkage map and QTL mapping for growth and sex of yellow drum (Nibea albiflora). Sci Rep 2018; 8:17271. [PMID: 30467365 PMCID: PMC6250659 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35583-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
A high-density genetic linkage map is essential for the studies of comparative genomics and gene mapping, and can facilitate assembly of reference genome. Herein, we constructed a high-density genetic linkage map with 8,094 SNPs selected from 113 sequenced fish of a F1 family. Ultimately, the consensus map spanned 3818.24 cM and covered nearly the whole genome (99.4%) with a resolution of 0.47 cM. 1,457 scaffolds spanning 435.15 Mb were anchored onto 24 linkage groups, accounting for 80.7% of the draft genome assembly of the yellow drum. Comparative genomic analyses with medaka and zebrafish genomes showed superb chromosome-scale synteny between yellow drum and medaka. QTL mapping and association analysis congruously revealed 22 QTLs for growth-related traits and 13 QTLs for sex dimorphism. Some important candidate genes such as PLA2G4A, BRINP3 and P2RY1 were identified from these growth-related QTL regions. A gene family including DMRT1, DMRT2 and DMRT3 was identified from these sex-related QTL regions on the linkage group LG9. We demonstrate that this linkage map can facilitate the ongoing marker-assisted selection and genomic and genetic studies for yellow drum.
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14
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Musso G, Cassader M, Paschetta E, Gambino R. Bioactive Lipid Species and Metabolic Pathways in Progression and Resolution of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. Gastroenterology 2018; 155:282-302.e8. [PMID: 29906416 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2018.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is increasing worldwide, yet there are no effective treatments. A decade has passed since the initial lipidomics analyses of liver tissues from patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. We have learned that liver cells from patients with NASH have an abnormal lipid composition and that the accumulation of lipids leads to organelle dysfunction, cell injury and death, and chronic inflammation, called lipotoxicity. We review the lipid species and metabolic pathways that contribute to the pathogenesis of NASH and potential therapeutic targets, including enzymes involved in fatty acid and triglyceride synthesis, bioactive sphingolipids and polyunsaturated-derived eicosanoids, and specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators. We discuss the concept that NASH is a disease that can resolve and the roles of lipid molecules in the resolution of inflammation and regression of fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maurizio Cassader
- Department of Medical Sciences, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Gambino
- Department of Medical Sciences, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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15
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Selectivity of phospholipid hydrolysis by phospholipase A 2 enzymes in activated cells leading to polyunsaturated fatty acid mobilization. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2018; 1864:772-783. [PMID: 30010011 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Phospholipase A2s are enzymes that hydrolyze the fatty acid at the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone of membrane glycerophospholipids. Given the asymmetric distribution of fatty acids within phospholipids, where saturated fatty acids tend to be present at the sn-1 position, and polyunsaturated fatty acids such as those of the omega-3 and omega-6 series overwhelmingly localize in the sn-2 position, the phospholipase A2 reaction is of utmost importance as a regulatory checkpoint for the mobilization of these fatty acids and the subsequent synthesis of proinflammatory omega-6-derived eicosanoids on one hand, and omega-3-derived specialized pro-resolving mediators on the other. The great variety of phospholipase A2s, their differential substrate selectivity under a variety of pathophysiological conditions, as well as the different compartmentalization of each enzyme and accessibility to substrate, render this class of enzymes also key to membrane phospholipid remodeling reactions, and the generation of specific lipid mediators not related with canonical metabolites of omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids. This review highlights novel findings regarding the selective hydrolysis of phospholipids by phospholipase A2s and the influence this may have on the ability of these enzymes to generate distinct lipid mediators with essential functions in biological processes. This brings a new understanding of the cellular roles of these enzymes depending upon activation conditions.
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16
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Kagebeck P, Nikiforova V, Brunken L, Easwaranathan A, Ruegg J, Cotgreave I, Munic Kos V. Lysosomotropic cationic amphiphilic drugs inhibit adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1K cells via accumulation in cells and phospholipid membranes, and inhibition of autophagy. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 829:44-53. [PMID: 29627311 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Some cationic amphiphilic drugs (CADs) have been individually reported to interfere with the differentiation of immune system cells, such as macrophages and dendritic cells. To investigate the possible generic nature of this process, in this study we aimed to see whether these drugs are capable of interfering with the differentiation of adipocytes. Further, we investigated whether this feature might be connected to the lysosomotropic character of these drugs, and their disturbance of intracellular membrane trafficking rather than to the individual pharmacologic properties of each drug. Thus, for the selected set of compounds consisting of seven structurally and pharmacologically diverse CADs and three non-CAD controls we have measured the impact on differentiation of 3T3-L1K murine preadipocytes to adipocytes. We conclude that CADs indeed inhibit adipocyte differentiation, as shown morphologically, at the level of lipid droplet formation and on the expression of genetic markers of adipocytes. Furthermore, the intensity of this inhibitory effect was found to strongly positively correlate with the extent of drug accumulation in adipocytes, with their affinity for phospholipid membranes, as well as with their ability to induce phospholipidosis and inhibit autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrik Kagebeck
- Swetox, Karolinska Institutet, Unit of Toxicology Sciences, Forskargatan 20, SE-151 36 Södertälje, Sweden
| | - Violetta Nikiforova
- Swetox, Karolinska Institutet, Unit of Toxicology Sciences, Forskargatan 20, SE-151 36 Södertälje, Sweden
| | - Lars Brunken
- Swetox, Karolinska Institutet, Unit of Toxicology Sciences, Forskargatan 20, SE-151 36 Södertälje, Sweden
| | - Arrabi Easwaranathan
- Swetox, Karolinska Institutet, Unit of Toxicology Sciences, Forskargatan 20, SE-151 36 Södertälje, Sweden
| | - Joelle Ruegg
- Swetox, Karolinska Institutet, Unit of Toxicology Sciences, Forskargatan 20, SE-151 36 Södertälje, Sweden
| | - Ian Cotgreave
- Swetox, Karolinska Institutet, Unit of Toxicology Sciences, Forskargatan 20, SE-151 36 Södertälje, Sweden
| | - Vesna Munic Kos
- Swetox, Karolinska Institutet, Unit of Toxicology Sciences, Forskargatan 20, SE-151 36 Södertälje, Sweden.
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17
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Specialized Proresolving Mediators: Enhancing Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis and Fibrosis Resolution. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2018; 39:387-401. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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