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Amarsi R, Furse S, Cleaton MAM, Maurel S, Mitchell AL, Ferguson-Smith AC, Cenac N, Williamson C, Koulman A, Charalambous M. A co-ordinated transcriptional programme in the maternal liver supplies long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids to the conceptus using phospholipids. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6767. [PMID: 39117683 PMCID: PMC11310303 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51089-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The long and very long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) are preferentially transported by the mother to the fetus. Failure to supply LC-PUFAs is strongly linked with stillbirth, fetal growth restriction, and impaired neurodevelopmental outcomes. However, dietary supplementation during pregnancy is unable to simply reverse these outcomes, suggesting imperfectly understood interactions between dietary fatty acid intake and the molecular mechanisms of maternal supply. Here we employ a comprehensive approach combining untargeted and targeted lipidomics with transcriptional profiling of maternal and fetal tissues in mouse pregnancy. Comparison of wild-type mice with genetic models of impaired lipid metabolism allows us to describe maternal hepatic adaptations required to provide LC-PUFAs to the developing fetus. A late pregnancy-specific, selective activation of the Liver X Receptor signalling pathway dramatically increases maternal supply of LC-PUFAs within circulating phospholipids. Crucially, genetic ablation of this pathway in the mother reduces LC-PUFA accumulation by the fetus, specifically of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a critical nutrient for brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risha Amarsi
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, SE19RT, UK
- Pregnancy Physiology Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, NW1 1AT, London, UK
| | - Samuel Furse
- Biological chemistry group, Jodrell laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Kew Road, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3DS, UK
- Core Metabolomics and Lipidomics Laboratory, Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Treatment Centre, Keith Day Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Mary A M Cleaton
- Department of Genetics, Downing Street, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EH, UK
| | - Sarah Maurel
- IRSD, Université de Toulouse-Paul Sabatier, INSERM, INRAe, ENVT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Alice L Mitchell
- Department of Women and Children's Health, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London, UK
| | - Anne C Ferguson-Smith
- Department of Genetics, Downing Street, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EH, UK
| | - Nicolas Cenac
- IRSD, Université de Toulouse-Paul Sabatier, INSERM, INRAe, ENVT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Catherine Williamson
- Department of Women and Children's Health, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London, UK
| | - Albert Koulman
- Core Metabolomics and Lipidomics Laboratory, Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Treatment Centre, Keith Day Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Marika Charalambous
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, SE19RT, UK.
- Pregnancy Physiology Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, NW1 1AT, London, UK.
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Batorsky R, Ceasrine AM, Shook LL, Kislal S, Bordt EA, Devlin BA, Perlis RH, Slonim DK, Bilbo SD, Edlow AG. Hofbauer cells and fetal brain microglia share transcriptional profiles and responses to maternal diet-induced obesity. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114326. [PMID: 38848212 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Maternal immune activation is associated with adverse offspring neurodevelopmental outcomes, many mediated by in utero microglial programming. As microglia remain inaccessible throughout development, identification of noninvasive biomarkers reflecting fetal brain microglial programming could permit screening and intervention. We used lineage tracing to demonstrate the shared ontogeny between fetal brain macrophages (microglia) and fetal placental macrophages (Hofbauer cells) in a mouse model of maternal diet-induced obesity, and single-cell RNA-seq to demonstrate shared transcriptional programs. Comparison with human datasets demonstrated conservation of placental resident macrophage signatures between mice and humans. Single-cell RNA-seq identified common alterations in fetal microglial and Hofbauer cell gene expression induced by maternal obesity, as well as sex differences in these alterations. We propose that Hofbauer cells, which are easily accessible at birth, provide insights into fetal brain microglial programs and may facilitate the early identification of offspring vulnerable to neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Batorsky
- Data Intensive Studies Center, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Alexis M Ceasrine
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Lydia L Shook
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Ob/Gyn, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sezen Kislal
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Evan A Bordt
- Department of Pediatrics, Lurie Center for Autism, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Benjamin A Devlin
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Roy H Perlis
- Department of Psychiatry and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Donna K Slonim
- Department of Computer Science, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Staci D Bilbo
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Lurie Center for Autism, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrea G Edlow
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Ob/Gyn, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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3
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Gaddy JA, Moore RE, Lochner JS, Rogers LM, Noble KN, Giri A, Aronoff DM, Cliffel D, Eastman AJ. Palmitate and group B Streptococcus synergistically and differentially induce IL-1β from human gestational membranes. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1409378. [PMID: 38855112 PMCID: PMC11158625 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1409378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Rupture of the gestational membranes often precedes major pregnancy complications, including preterm labor and preterm birth. One major cause of inflammation in the gestational membranes, chorioamnionitis (CAM) is often a result of bacterial infection. The commensal bacterium Streptococcus agalactiae, or Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a leading infectious cause of CAM. Obesity is on the rise worldwide and roughly 1 in 4 pregnancy complications is related to obesity, and individuals with obesity are also more likely to be colonized by GBS. The gestational membranes are comprised of several distinct cell layers which are, from outermost to innermost: maternally-derived decidual stromal cells (DSCs), fetal cytotrophoblasts (CTBs), fetal mesenchymal cells, and fetal amnion epithelial cells (AECs). In addition, the gestational membranes have several immune cell populations; macrophages are the most common phagocyte. Here we characterize the effects of palmitate, the most common long-chain saturated fatty acid, on the inflammatory response of each layer of the gestational membranes when infected with GBS, using human cell lines and primary human tissue. Results Palmitate itself slightly but significantly augments GBS proliferation. Palmitate and GBS co-stimulation synergized to induce many inflammatory proteins and cytokines, particularly IL-1β and matrix metalloproteinase 9 from DSCs, CTBs, and macrophages, but not from AECs. Many of these findings are recapitulated when treating cells with palmitate and a TLR2 or TLR4 agonist, suggesting broad applicability of palmitate-pathogen synergy. Co-culture of macrophages with DSCs or CTBs, upon co-stimulation with GBS and palmitate, resulted in increased inflammatory responses, contrary to previous work in the absence of palmitate. In whole gestational membrane biopsies, the amnion layer appeared to dampen immune responses from the DSC and CTB layers (the choriodecidua) to GBS and palmitate co-stimulation. Addition of the monounsaturated fatty acid oleate, the most abundant monounsaturated fatty acid in circulation, dampened the proinflammatory effect of palmitate. Discussion These studies reveal a complex interplay between the immunological response of the distinct layers of the gestational membrane to GBS infection and that such responses can be altered by exposure to long-chain saturated fatty acids. These data provide insight into how metabolic syndromes such as obesity might contribute to an increased risk for GBS disease during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A. Gaddy
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Tennessee Valley Healthcare Systems, Department of Veterans Affairs, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Rebecca E. Moore
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Publications Division, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Jonathan S. Lochner
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Lisa M. Rogers
- Department Internal Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Kristen N. Noble
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Ayush Giri
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - David M. Aronoff
- Department Internal Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - David Cliffel
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Alison J. Eastman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
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Doğru Ş, Akkuş F, Metin ÜS, Acar A. Fetal Epicardial Fat Thickness in Obese Pregnant Women: Its Effect on Fetal Cardiac Function and Neonatal Outcomes. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2024. [PMID: 38503305 DOI: 10.1055/a-2267-5478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate fetal epicardial fat thickness (EFT) together with fetal myocardial performance index (MPI) and its effects on neonatal outcomes in obese pregnant women. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 102 pregnant women, 51 obese and 51 of normal weight, were included in this prospective study. Fetal EFT, and MPI measurements were performed for all patients. RESULTS Fetal EFT and Mod-MPI showed a statistically significant difference between obese pregnant women and the control group (p=0.0001, p=0.001). The optimal fetal EFT predictive cut-off value for the 5th-minute APGAR score below 7 was 1.22 mm, with a sensitivity of 86.96% and a specificity of 54.43% (p=0.001). CONCLUSION Fetal EFT and mod-MPI were higher in obese pregnant women. It is encouraging that fetal EFT predicts low APGAR, but more important information can be obtained if postnatal follow-up of these cardiac changes caused by obesity can be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şükran Doğru
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal Fetal Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Faculty of Medicine, Meram, Turkey
| | - Fatih Akkuş
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal Fetal Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Faculty of Medicine, Meram, Turkey
| | - Ülfet Sena Metin
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Necmettin Erbakan Universitesi Meram Tip Fakultesi, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ali Acar
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Necmettin Erbakan Universitesi Meram Tip Fakultesi, Konya, Turkey
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Sordillo JE, White F, Majid S, Aguet F, Ardlie KG, Karumanchi SA, Florez JC, Powe CE, Edlow AG, Bouchard L, Jacques PE, Hivert MF. Higher Maternal Body Mass Index Is Associated With Lower Placental Expression of EPYC: A Genome-Wide Transcriptomic Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024; 109:e1159-e1166. [PMID: 37864851 PMCID: PMC10876411 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Elevated body mass index (BMI) in pregnancy is associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. The placental transcriptome may elucidate molecular mechanisms underlying these associations. OBJECTIVE We examined the association of first-trimester maternal BMI with the placental transcriptome in the Gen3G prospective cohort. METHODS We enrolled participants at 5 to 16 weeks of gestation and measured height and weight. We collected placenta samples at delivery. We performed whole-genome RNA sequencing using Illumina HiSeq 4000 and aligned RNA sequences based on the GTEx v8 pipeline. We conducted differential gene expression analysis of over 15 000 genes from 450 placental samples and reported the change in normalized gene expression per 1-unit increase in log2 BMI (kg/m2) as a continuous variable using Limma Voom. We adjusted models for maternal age, fetal sex, gestational age at delivery, gravidity, and surrogate variables accounting for technical variability. We compared participants with BMI of 18.5 to 24.9 mg/kg2 (N = 257) vs those with obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2, N = 82) in secondary analyses. RESULTS Participants' mean ± SD age was 28.2 ± 4.4 years and BMI was 25.4 ± 5.5 kg/m2 in early pregnancy. Higher maternal BMI was associated with lower placental expression of EPYC (slope = -1.94, false discovery rate [FDR]-adjusted P = 7.3 × 10-6 for continuous BMI; log2 fold change = -1.35, FDR-adjusted P = 3.4 × 10-3 for BMI ≥30 vs BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m2) and with higher placental expression of IGFBP6, CHRDL1, and CXCL13 after adjustment for covariates and accounting for multiple testing (FDR < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our genome-wide transcriptomic study revealed novel genes potentially implicated in placental biologic response to higher maternal BMI in early pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne E Sordillo
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Frédérique White
- Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Sana Majid
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - François Aguet
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Kristin G Ardlie
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - S Ananth Karumanchi
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Jose C Florez
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Camille E Powe
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Andrea G Edlow
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Luigi Bouchard
- Department of Biochemistry and Functional Genomics, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
- Department of Medical Biology, CIUSSS of Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean, Saguenay, QC G7H 7K9, Canada
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke (CRCHUS), Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N3, Canada
| | - Pierre-Etienne Jacques
- Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke (CRCHUS), Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N3, Canada
| | - Marie-France Hivert
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke (CRCHUS), Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N3, Canada
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Batorsky R, Ceasrine AM, Shook LL, Kislal S, Bordt EA, Devlin BA, Perlis RH, Slonim DK, Bilbo SD, Edlow AG. Hofbauer cells and fetal brain microglia share transcriptional profiles and responses to maternal diet-induced obesity. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.16.571680. [PMID: 38187648 PMCID: PMC10769274 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.16.571680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Maternal immune activation is associated with adverse offspring neurodevelopmental outcomes, many mediated by in utero microglial programming. As microglia remain inaccessible throughout development, identification of noninvasive biomarkers reflecting fetal brain microglial programming could permit screening and intervention. We used lineage tracing to demonstrate the shared ontogeny between fetal brain macrophages (microglia) and fetal placental macrophages (Hofbauer cells) in a mouse model of maternal diet-induced obesity, and single-cell RNA-seq to demonstrate shared transcriptional programs. Comparison with human datasets demonstrated conservation of placental resident macrophage signatures between mice and humans. Single-cell RNA-seq identified common alterations in fetal microglial and Hofbauer cell gene expression induced by maternal obesity, as well as sex differences in these alterations. We propose that Hofbauer cells, which are easily accessible at birth, provide novel insights into fetal brain microglial programs, and may facilitate the early identification of offspring vulnerable to neurodevelopmental disorders in the setting of maternal exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexis M. Ceasrine
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Lydia L. Shook
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Ob/Gyn, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sezen Kislal
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Evan A. Bordt
- Department of Pediatrics, Lurie Center for Autism, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Benjamin A. Devlin
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Roy H. Perlis
- Department of Psychiatry and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Donna K. Slonim
- Department of Computer Science, Tufts University, Medford, MA
| | - Staci D. Bilbo
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Lurie Center for Autism, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Andrea G. Edlow
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Ob/Gyn, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Robles M, Rousseau-Ralliard D, Dubois C, Josse T, Nouveau É, Dahirel M, Wimel L, Couturier-Tarrade A, Chavatte-Palmer P. Obesity during Pregnancy in the Horse: Effect on Term Placental Structure and Gene Expression, as Well as Colostrum and Milk Fatty Acid Concentration. Vet Sci 2023; 10:691. [PMID: 38133242 PMCID: PMC10748288 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10120691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In horses, the prevalence of obesity is high and associated with serious metabolic pathologies. Being a broodmare has been identified as a risk factor for obesity. In other species, maternal obesity is known to affect the development of the offspring. This article is a follow-up study of previous work showing that Obese mares (O, n = 10, body condition score > 4.25 at insemination) were more insulin resistant and presented increased systemic inflammation during pregnancy compared to Normal mares (N, n = 14, body condition score < 4 at insemination). Foals born to O mares were more insulin-resistant, presented increased systemic inflammation, and were more affected by osteoarticular lesions. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of maternal obesity on placental structure and function, as well as the fatty acid profile in the plasma of mares and foals, colostrum, and milk until 90 days of lactation, which, to our knowledge, has been poorly studied in the horse. Mares from both groups were fed the same diet during pregnancy and lactation. During lactation, mares were housed in pasture. A strong heat wave, followed by a drought, occurred during their 2nd and 3rd months of lactation (summer of 2016 in the Limousin region, France). In the present article, term placental morphometry, structure (stereology), and gene expression (RT-qPCR, genes involved in nutrient transport, growth, and development, as well as vascularization) were studied. Plasma of mares and their foals, as well as colostrum and milk, were sampled at birth, 30 days, and 90 days of lactation. The fatty acid composition of these samples was measured using gas chromatography. No differences between the N and O groups were observed for term placental morphometry, structure, or gene expression. No difference in plasma fatty acid composition was observed between groups in mares. The plasma fatty acid profile of O foals was more pro-inflammatory and indicated an altered placental lipid metabolism between birth and 90 days of age. These results are in line with the increased systemic inflammation and altered glucose metabolism observed until 18 months of age in this group. The colostrum fatty acid profile of O mares was more pro-inflammatory and indicated an increased transfer and/or desaturation of long-chain fatty acids. Moreover, O foals received a colostrum poorer in medium-chain saturated fatty acid, a source of immediate energy for the newborn that can also play a role in immunity and gut microbiota development. Differences in milk fatty acid composition indicated a decreased ability to adapt to heat stress in O mares, which could have further affected the metabolic development of their foals. In conclusion, maternal obesity affected the fatty acid composition of milk, thus also influencing the foal's plasma fatty acid composition and likely participating in the developmental programming observed in growing foals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Robles
- BREED, Domaine de Vilvert, Université Paris Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, 78350 Jouy en Josas, France; (D.R.-R.); (A.C.-T.)
- BREED, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
- Institut Polytechnique Unilasalle, 76130 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Delphine Rousseau-Ralliard
- BREED, Domaine de Vilvert, Université Paris Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, 78350 Jouy en Josas, France; (D.R.-R.); (A.C.-T.)
- BREED, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Cédric Dubois
- Institut Français du Cheval et de l’Equitation, Station Expérimentale de la Valade, 19370 Chamberet, France (L.W.)
| | - Tiphanie Josse
- BREED, Domaine de Vilvert, Université Paris Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, 78350 Jouy en Josas, France; (D.R.-R.); (A.C.-T.)
- BREED, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Émilie Nouveau
- BREED, Domaine de Vilvert, Université Paris Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, 78350 Jouy en Josas, France; (D.R.-R.); (A.C.-T.)
- BREED, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Michele Dahirel
- BREED, Domaine de Vilvert, Université Paris Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, 78350 Jouy en Josas, France; (D.R.-R.); (A.C.-T.)
- BREED, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Laurence Wimel
- Institut Français du Cheval et de l’Equitation, Station Expérimentale de la Valade, 19370 Chamberet, France (L.W.)
| | - Anne Couturier-Tarrade
- BREED, Domaine de Vilvert, Université Paris Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, 78350 Jouy en Josas, France; (D.R.-R.); (A.C.-T.)
- BREED, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Pascale Chavatte-Palmer
- BREED, Domaine de Vilvert, Université Paris Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, 78350 Jouy en Josas, France; (D.R.-R.); (A.C.-T.)
- BREED, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
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Powell TL, Barentsen K, Vaughan O, Uhlson C, Zemski Berry K, Erickson K, Faer K, Chassen SS, Jansson T. Knockdown of Placental Major Facilitator Superfamily Domain Containing 2a in Pregnant Mice Reduces Fetal Brain Growth and Phospholipid Docosahexaenoic Acid Content. Nutrients 2023; 15:4956. [PMID: 38068814 PMCID: PMC10708493 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is an n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid critical for fetal brain development that is transported to the fetus from the mother by the placenta. The lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) transporter, Major Facilitator Superfamily Domain Containing 2a (MFSD2a), is localized in the basal plasma membrane of the syncytiotrophoblast of the human placenta, and MFSD2a expression correlates with umbilical cord blood LPC-DHA levels in human pregnancy. We hypothesized that placenta-specific knockdown of MFSD2a in pregnant mice reduces phospholipid DHA accumulation in the fetal brain. METHODS Mouse blastocysts (E3.5) were transduced with an EGFP-expressing lentivirus containing either an shRNA targeting MFSD2a or a non-coding sequence (SCR), then transferred to pseudopregnant females. At E18.5, fetuses were weighed and their placenta, brain, liver and plasma were collected. MFSD2a mRNA expression was determined by qPCR in the brain, liver and placenta and phospholipid DHA was quantified by LC-MS/MS. RESULTS MFSD2a-targeting shRNA reduced placental mRNA MFSD2a expression by 38% at E18.5 (n = 45, p < 0.008) compared with SCR controls. MFSD2a expression in the fetal brain and liver were unchanged. Fetal brain weight was reduced by 13% (p = 0.006). Body weight, placenta and liver weights were unaffected. Fetal brain phosphatidyl choline and phosphatidyl ethanolamine DHA content was lower in fetuses with placenta-specific MFSD2a knockdown. CONCLUSIONS Placenta-specific reduction in expression of the LPC-DHA transporter MFSD2a resulted in reduced fetal brain weight and lower phospholipid DHA content in the fetal brain. These data provide mechanistic evidence that placental MFSD2a mediates maternal-fetal transfer of LPC-DHA, which is critical for brain growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa L. Powell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 13001 E 17th Pl, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 13001 E 17th Pl, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kenneth Barentsen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 13001 E 17th Pl, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Owen Vaughan
- Department of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, EGA Institute for Women’s Heath, University College London, 86-96 Chenies Mews, London WC1E 6HX, UK
| | - Charis Uhlson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 13001 E 17th Pl, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Karin Zemski Berry
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 13001 E 17th Pl, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kathryn Erickson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 13001 E 17th Pl, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kelsey Faer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 13001 E 17th Pl, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Stephanie S. Chassen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 13001 E 17th Pl, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Thomas Jansson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 13001 E 17th Pl, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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9
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Ruebel ML, Borengasser SJ, Zhong Y, Kang P, Faske J, Shankar K. Maternal Exercise Prior to and during Gestation Induces Sex-Specific Alterations in the Mouse Placenta. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16441. [PMID: 38003633 PMCID: PMC10671464 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
While exercise (EX) during pregnancy is beneficial for both mother and child, little is known about the mechanisms by which maternal exercise mediates changes in utero. Six-week-old female C57BL/6 mice were divided into two groups: with (exercise, EX; N = 7) or without (sedentary, SED; N = 8) access to voluntary running wheels. EX was provided via 24 h access to wheels for 10 weeks prior to conception until late pregnancy (18.5 days post coitum). Sex-stratified placentas and fetal livers were collected. Microarray analysis of SED and EX placentas revealed that EX affected gene transcript expression of 283 and 661 transcripts in male and female placentas, respectively (±1.4-fold, p < 0.05). Gene Set Enrichment and Ingenuity Pathway Analyses of male placentas showed that EX led to inhibition of signaling pathways, biological functions, and down-regulation of transcripts related to lipid and steroid metabolism, while EX in female placentas led to activation of pathways, biological functions, and gene expression related to muscle growth, brain, vascular development, and growth factors. Overall, our results suggest that the effects of maternal EX on the placenta and presumably on the offspring are sexually dimorphic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan L. Ruebel
- Microbiome and Metabolism Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Southeast Area, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA;
- Arkansas Children’s Nutrition Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA; (Y.Z.); (J.F.)
| | - Sarah J. Borengasser
- Tobacco Settlement Endowment Trust Health Promotion Research Center, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA;
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics—Endocrinology & Diabetes, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Ying Zhong
- Arkansas Children’s Nutrition Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA; (Y.Z.); (J.F.)
| | - Ping Kang
- Arkansas Children’s Nutrition Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA; (Y.Z.); (J.F.)
| | - Jennifer Faske
- Arkansas Children’s Nutrition Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA; (Y.Z.); (J.F.)
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Kartik Shankar
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nutrition, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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10
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Yu Y, Lyo V, Groth SW. The impact of maternal bariatric surgery on long-term health of offspring: a scoping review. Pediatr Res 2023; 94:1619-1630. [PMID: 37340100 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-023-02698-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
While pregnancy post-bariatric surgery has become increasingly common, little is known about whether and how maternal bariatric surgery affects the next generation. This scoping review aimed to collate available evidence about the long-term health of offspring following maternal bariatric surgery. A literature search was conducted using three databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE) to obtain relevant human and animal studies. A total of 26 studies were included: 17 were ancillary reports from five "primary" studies (three human, two animal studies) and the remaining nine were "independent" studies (eight human, one animal studies). The human studies adopted sibling-comparison, case-control, and single-group descriptive designs. Despite limited data and inconsistent results across studies, findings suggested that maternal bariatric surgery appeared to (1) modify epigenetics (especially genes involved in immune, glucose, and obesity regulation); (2) alter weight status (unclear direction of alteration); (3) impair cardiometabolic, immune, inflammatory, and appetite regulation markers (primarily based on animal studies); and (4) not affect the neurodevelopment in offspring. In conclusion, this review supports that maternal bariatric surgery has an effect on the health of offspring. However, the scarcity of studies and heterogenous findings highlight that more research is required to determine the scope and degree of such effects. IMPACT: There is evidence that bariatric surgery modifies epigenetics in offspring, especially genes involved in immune, glucose, and obesity regulation. Bariatric surgery appears to alter weight status in offspring, although the direction of alteration is unclear. There is preliminary evidence that bariatric surgery impairs offspring's cardiometabolic, immune, inflammatory, and appetite regulation markers. Therefore, extra care may be needed to ensure optimal growth in children born to mothers with previous bariatric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- School of Nursing, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
| | - Victoria Lyo
- Department of Surgery, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
- Center for Alimentary and Metabolic Science, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Susan W Groth
- School of Nursing, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
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11
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Szrok-Jurga S, Czumaj A, Turyn J, Hebanowska A, Swierczynski J, Sledzinski T, Stelmanska E. The Physiological and Pathological Role of Acyl-CoA Oxidation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14857. [PMID: 37834305 PMCID: PMC10573383 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid metabolism, including β-oxidation (βOX), plays an important role in human physiology and pathology. βOX is an essential process in the energy metabolism of most human cells. Moreover, βOX is also the source of acetyl-CoA, the substrate for (a) ketone bodies synthesis, (b) cholesterol synthesis, (c) phase II detoxication, (d) protein acetylation, and (d) the synthesis of many other compounds, including N-acetylglutamate-an important regulator of urea synthesis. This review describes the current knowledge on the importance of the mitochondrial and peroxisomal βOX in various organs, including the liver, heart, kidney, lung, gastrointestinal tract, peripheral white blood cells, and other cells. In addition, the diseases associated with a disturbance of fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in the liver, heart, kidney, lung, alimentary tract, and other organs or cells are presented. Special attention was paid to abnormalities of FAO in cancer cells and the diseases caused by mutations in gene-encoding enzymes involved in FAO. Finally, issues related to α- and ω- fatty acid oxidation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Szrok-Jurga
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (S.S.-J.); (J.T.); (A.H.)
| | - Aleksandra Czumaj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Jacek Turyn
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (S.S.-J.); (J.T.); (A.H.)
| | - Areta Hebanowska
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (S.S.-J.); (J.T.); (A.H.)
| | - Julian Swierczynski
- Institue of Nursing and Medical Rescue, State University of Applied Sciences in Koszalin, 75-582 Koszalin, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Sledzinski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Ewa Stelmanska
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (S.S.-J.); (J.T.); (A.H.)
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12
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Powell TL, Uhlson C, Madi L, Berry KZ, Chassen SS, Jansson T, Ferchaud-Roucher V. Fetal sex differences in placental LCPUFA ether and plasmalogen phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine contents in pregnancies complicated by obesity. Biol Sex Differ 2023; 14:66. [PMID: 37770949 PMCID: PMC10540428 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-023-00548-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have previously reported that maternal obesity reduces placental transport capacity for lysophosphatidylcholine-docosahexaenoic acid (LPC-DHA), a preferred form for transfer of DHA (omega 3) to the fetal brain, but only in male fetuses. Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylcholine (PC), have either sn-1 ester, ether or vinyl ether (plasmalogen) linkages to primarily unsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acids and DHA or arachidonic acid (ARA, omega 6) in the sn-2 position. Whether ether and plasmalogen PC and PE metabolism in placenta impacts transfer to the fetus is unexplored. We hypothesized that ether and plasmalogen PC and PE containing DHA and ARA are reduced in maternal-fetal unit in pregnancies complicated by obesity and these differences are dependent on fetal sex. METHODS In maternal, umbilical cord plasma and placentas from obese women (11 female/5 male infants) and normal weight women (9 female/7 male infants), all PC and PE species containing DHA and ARA were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Placental protein expression of enzymes involved in phospholipid synthesis, were determined by immunoblotting. All variables were compared between control vs obese groups and separated by fetal sex, in each sample using the Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate adjustment to account for multiple testing. RESULTS Levels of ester PC containing DHA and ARA were profoundly reduced by 60-92% in male placentas of obese mothers, while levels of ether and plasmalogen PE containing DHA and ARA were decreased by 51-84% in female placentas. PLA2G4C abundance was lower in male placentas and LPCAT4 abundance was lower solely in females in obesity. In umbilical cord, levels of ester, ether and plasmalogen PC and PE with DHA were reduced by 43-61% in male, but not female, fetuses of obese mothers. CONCLUSIONS We found a fetal sex effect in placental PE and PC ester, ether and plasmalogen PE and PC containing DHA in response to maternal obesity which appears to reflect an ability of female placentas to adapt to maintain optimal fetal DHA transfer in maternal obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa L Powell
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Charis Uhlson
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Lana Madi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Karin Zemski Berry
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Stephanie S Chassen
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Thomas Jansson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Veronique Ferchaud-Roucher
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, INRAE UMR 1280 PhAN, CRNH Ouest, 44000, Nantes, France.
- Nantes Université, INRAE, UMR 1280 PhAN, CHU Hôtel Dieu, HNB1, 1 place Alexis Ricordeau, 44093, Nantes, France.
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13
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Pinto GDA, Murgia A, Lai C, Ferreira CS, Goes VA, Guimarães DDAB, Ranquine LG, Reis DL, Struchiner CJ, Griffin JL, Burton GJ, Torres AG, El-Bacha T. Sphingolipids and acylcarnitines are altered in placentas from women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Br J Nutr 2023; 130:921-932. [PMID: 36539977 DOI: 10.1017/s000711452200397x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common medical complication of pregnancy and a severe threat to pregnant people and offspring health. The molecular origins of GDM, and in particular the placental responses, are not fully known. The present study aimed to perform a comprehensive characterisation of the lipid species in placentas from pregnancies complicated with GDM using high-resolution MS lipidomics, with a particular focus on sphingolipids and acylcarnitines in a semi-targeted approach. The results indicated that despite no major disruption in lipid metabolism, placentas from GDM pregnancies showed significant alterations in sphingolipids, mostly lower abundance of total ceramides. Additionally, very long-chain ceramides and sphingomyelins with twenty-four carbons were lower, and glucosylceramides with sixteen carbons were higher in placentas from GDM pregnancies. Semi-targeted lipidomics revealed the strong impact of GDM on the placental acylcarnitine profile, particularly lower contents of medium and long-chain fatty-acyl carnitine species. The lower contents of sphingolipids may affect the secretory function of the placenta, and lower contents of long-chain fatty acylcarnitines is suggestive of mitochondrial dysfunction. These alterations in placental lipid metabolism may have consequences for fetal growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela D A Pinto
- LeBioME-Bioactives, Mitochondrial and Placental Metabolism Core, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil
| | | | - Carla Lai
- University of Cagliari, Department of Life and Environmental Science, Cagliari Via Ospedale, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Carolina S Ferreira
- LeBioME-Bioactives, Mitochondrial and Placental Metabolism Core, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Vanessa A Goes
- LeBioME-Bioactives, Mitochondrial and Placental Metabolism Core, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Deborah de A B Guimarães
- LeBioME-Bioactives, Mitochondrial and Placental Metabolism Core, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Layla G Ranquine
- LeBioME-Bioactives, Mitochondrial and Placental Metabolism Core, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Desirée L Reis
- LeBioME-Bioactives, Mitochondrial and Placental Metabolism Core, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Claudio J Struchiner
- School of Applied Mathematics, Fundação Getúlio Vargas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Institute of Social Medicine, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Julian L Griffin
- Department of Biochemistry, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Graham J Burton
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alexandre G Torres
- LeBioME-Bioactives, Mitochondrial and Placental Metabolism Core, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil
- Lipid Biochemistry and Lipidomics Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tatiana El-Bacha
- LeBioME-Bioactives, Mitochondrial and Placental Metabolism Core, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Lipid Biochemistry and Lipidomics Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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14
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Gomez Ribot D, Diaz E, Fazio MV, Gómez HL, Careaga V, Maier M, Macchi SB, Gresta CA, Capobianco E, Jawerbaum A. Metabolic and molecular effects of dietary extra virgin olive oil in blood and placenta of women with GDM. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1219276. [PMID: 37654560 PMCID: PMC10465367 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1219276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) increases the risks of maternal, placental, and neonatal complications. Previously, we found that a diet enriched in extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) prevents increased maternal triglyceridemia and placental proinflammatory markers in a cohort of GDM patients. The aim of this work was to evaluate maternal circulating markers of insulin resistance, placental collagen, glycogen and lipid levels, and placental levels of proteins, mRNAs, and a microRNA involved in the endocytic pathway in the same cohort of control women and women with GDM who received or did not receive a diet enriched in EVOO (36 g/day) from weeks 24 to 28 of pregnancy until term. Results At term, the TG/HDL cholesterol ratio, fatty acid binding protein 4 circulating levels, and maternal BMI were increased in the GDM patients, alterations prevented by the maternal diet enriched in EVOO. Although there were no changes in placental lipid levels and lipid profile, GDM placentas were thicker than controls and showed increased glycogen and collagen content, alterations prevented by the EVOO enriched diet. GDM placentas showed increases in megalin levels, in the expression of several genes involved in the endocytic pathway, and in miR-199, which targets these genes, alterations prevented by the maternal diet enriched in EVOO. Conclusions We identified novel beneficial effects of an EVOO-enriched diet in GDM women, a diet capable of regulating maternal insulin resistance, the structure and metabolism of the placenta, and the placental endocytic pathway, suggesting effects that may be beneficial for fetal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalmiro Gomez Ribot
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) – Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Laboratory of Reproduction and Metabolism, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Department of Obstetrics, Hospital General de Agudos Dr. Ignacio Pirovano, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Esteban Diaz
- Department of Obstetrics, Hospital General de Agudos Dr. Ignacio Pirovano, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Victoria Fazio
- Department of Obstetrics, Hospital General de Agudos Dr. Ignacio Pirovano, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Hebe Lorena Gómez
- Department of Obstetrics, Hospital General de Agudos Dr. Ignacio Pirovano, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Valeria Careaga
- Unidad de Microanálisis y Métodos Físicos Aplicados a Química Orgánica (UMYMFOR) [Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)-Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA)], Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marta Maier
- Unidad de Microanálisis y Métodos Físicos Aplicados a Química Orgánica (UMYMFOR) [Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)-Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA)], Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvia Beatriz Macchi
- Department of Obstetrics, Hospital General de Agudos Dr. Ignacio Pirovano, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos Alberto Gresta
- Department of Obstetrics, Hospital General de Agudos Dr. Ignacio Pirovano, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Evangelina Capobianco
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) – Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Laboratory of Reproduction and Metabolism, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alicia Jawerbaum
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) – Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Laboratory of Reproduction and Metabolism, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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15
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Santos ED, Hernández MH, Sérazin V, Vialard F, Dieudonné MN. Human Placental Adaptive Changes in Response to Maternal Obesity: Sex Specificities. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119770. [PMID: 37298720 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal obesity is increasingly prevalent and is associated with elevated morbidity and mortality rates in both mothers and children. At the interface between the mother and the fetus, the placenta mediates the impact of the maternal environment on fetal development. Most of the literature presents data on the effects of maternal obesity on placental functions and does not exclude potentially confounding factors such as metabolic diseases (e.g., gestational diabetes). In this context, the focus of this review mainly lies on the impact of maternal obesity (in the absence of gestational diabetes) on (i) endocrine function, (ii) morphological characteristics, (iii) nutrient exchanges and metabolism, (iv) inflammatory/immune status, (v) oxidative stress, and (vi) transcriptome. Moreover, some of those placental changes in response to maternal obesity could be supported by fetal sex. A better understanding of sex-specific placental responses to maternal obesity seems to be crucial for improving pregnancy outcomes and the health of mothers and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Dos Santos
- UFR des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, Université de Versailles-Saint Quentin en Yvelines-Université Paris Saclay (UVSQ), INRAE, BREED, F-78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort (EnvA), BREED, F-94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
- Service de Biologie Médicale, Centre Hospitalier de Poissy-Saint Germain, F-78300 Poissy, France
| | - Marta Hita Hernández
- UFR des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, Université de Versailles-Saint Quentin en Yvelines-Université Paris Saclay (UVSQ), INRAE, BREED, F-78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort (EnvA), BREED, F-94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Valérie Sérazin
- UFR des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, Université de Versailles-Saint Quentin en Yvelines-Université Paris Saclay (UVSQ), INRAE, BREED, F-78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort (EnvA), BREED, F-94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
- Service de Biologie Médicale, Centre Hospitalier de Poissy-Saint Germain, F-78300 Poissy, France
| | - François Vialard
- UFR des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, Université de Versailles-Saint Quentin en Yvelines-Université Paris Saclay (UVSQ), INRAE, BREED, F-78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort (EnvA), BREED, F-94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
- Service de Biologie Médicale, Centre Hospitalier de Poissy-Saint Germain, F-78300 Poissy, France
| | - Marie-Noëlle Dieudonné
- UFR des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, Université de Versailles-Saint Quentin en Yvelines-Université Paris Saclay (UVSQ), INRAE, BREED, F-78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort (EnvA), BREED, F-94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
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16
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Yong HEJ, Watkins OC, Mah TKL, Cracknell-Hazra VKB, Pillai RA, Selvam P, Islam MO, Sharma N, Cazenave-Gassiot A, Bendt AK, Wenk MR, Godfrey KM, Lewis RM, Chan SY. Increasing maternal age associates with lower placental CPT1B mRNA expression and acylcarnitines, particularly in overweight women. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1166827. [PMID: 37275238 PMCID: PMC10232777 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1166827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Older pregnant women have increased risks of complications including gestational diabetes and stillbirth. Carnitine palmitoyl transferase (CPT) expression declines with age in several tissues and is linked with poorer metabolic health. Mitochondrial CPTs catalyze acylcarnitine synthesis, which facilitates fatty acid oxidization as fuel. We hypothesized that the placenta, containing maternally-inherited mitochondria, shows an age-related CPT decline that lowers placental acylcarnitine synthesis, increasing vulnerability to pregnancy complications. We assessed CPT1A, CPT1B, CPT1C and CPT2 mRNA expression by qPCR in 77 placentas and quantified 10 medium and long-chain acylcarnitines by LC-MS/MS in a subset of 50 placentas. Older maternal age associated with lower expression of placental CPT1B, but not CPT1A, CPT1C or CPT2. CPT1B expression positively associated with eight acylcarnitines and CPT1C with three acylcarnitines, CPT1A negatively associated with nine acylcarnitines, while CPT2 did not associate with any acylcarnitine. Older maternal age associated with reductions in five acylcarnitines, only in those with BMI≥ 25 kg/m2, and not after adjusting for CPT1B expression. Our findings suggest that CPT1B is the main transferase for placental long-chain acylcarnitine synthesis, and age-related CPT1B decline may underlie decreased placental metabolic flexibility, potentially contributing to pregnancy complications in older women, particularly if they are overweight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah E. J. Yong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Oliver C. Watkins
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tania K. L. Mah
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Victoria K. B. Cracknell-Hazra
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Reshma Appukuttan Pillai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Preben Selvam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mohammad O. Islam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Neha Sharma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Amaury Cazenave-Gassiot
- Department of Biochemistry and Precision Medicine Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anne K. Bendt
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Markus R. Wenk
- Department of Biochemistry and Precision Medicine Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Keith M. Godfrey
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Rohan M. Lewis
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Institute of Developmental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Shiao-Yng Chan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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17
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Küster A, Croyal M, Moyon T, Darmaun D, Ouguerram K, Ferchaud-Roucher V. Characterization of lipoproteins and associated lipidome in very preterm infants: a pilot study. Pediatr Res 2023; 93:938-947. [PMID: 35739258 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-022-02159-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preterm birth is associated with higher risks of suboptimal neurodevelopment and cardiometabolic disease later in life. Altered maternal-fetal lipid supply could play a role in such risks. Our hypothesis was that very preterm infants born with very low birth weight (VLBW) have altered lipidome and apolipoprotein profiles, compared with term infants. METHODS Seven mothers of VLBW infants born at <32 GA and 8 full-term mother-infant dyads were included. Cholesterol and triglycerides in lipoproteins were determined in maternal plasma and in the two blood vessels of the umbilical cord (vein (UV) and artery (UA)) following FPLC isolation. Apolipoprotein concentrations in lipoproteins and plasma lipidomic analysis were performed by LC-MS/MS. RESULTS We found higher cholesterol and VLDL-cholesterol in UV and UA and lower apolipoprotein A-I in HDL2 in UV in preterm neonates. Phosphatidylcholine (PC) containing saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids and specific sphingomyelin species were increased in UV and UA, whereas PC containing docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was reduced in UV of VLBW neonates. CONCLUSIONS Lower DHA-PC suggests a lower DHA bioavailability and may contribute to the impaired neurodevelopment. Altered HDL-2, VLDL, and sphingomyelin profile reflect an atherogenic risk and increased metabolic risk at adulthood in infants born prematurely. IMPACT Lower ApoA-I in HDL2, and increased specific sphingomyelin and phosphatidylcholine containing saturated and monounsaturated fatty acid could explain the accumulation of cholesterol in umbilical vein in VLBW preterm neonates. Decreased phosphatidylcholine containing DHA suggest a reduced DHA availability for brain development in VLBW preterm infants. Characterization of alterations in fetal lipid plasma and lipoprotein profiles may help to explain at least in part the causes of the elevated cardiovascular risk known in people born prematurely and may suggest that a targeted nutritional strategy based on the composition of fatty acids carried by phosphatidylcholine may be promising in infants born very early.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Küster
- Nantes University INRAe, UMR 1280 PhAN, CHU Nantes, CRNH Ouest, IMAD, 44000, Nantes, France
- Division of Inborn Errors of Metabolism and Neurometabolism, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Centre d'Investigation Clinique, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Mikael Croyal
- Nantes Université, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du Thorax, 44000, Nantes, France
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, SFR Santé, Inserm UMS 016, CNRS UMS 3556, 44000, Nantes, France
- CRNH-Ouest Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Thomas Moyon
- Nantes University INRAe, UMR 1280 PhAN, CHU Nantes, CRNH Ouest, IMAD, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Dominique Darmaun
- Nantes University INRAe, UMR 1280 PhAN, CHU Nantes, CRNH Ouest, IMAD, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Khadija Ouguerram
- Nantes University INRAe, UMR 1280 PhAN, CHU Nantes, CRNH Ouest, IMAD, 44000, Nantes, France
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18
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Lo Van A, Bernoud-Hubac N, Lagarde M. Esterification of Docosahexaenoic Acid Enhances Its Transport to the Brain and Its Potential Therapeutic Use in Brain Diseases. Nutrients 2022; 14:4550. [PMID: 36364810 PMCID: PMC9656701 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Docosahexaenoic acid-containing lysophosphatidylcholine (DHA-LysoPC) is presented as the main transporter of DHA from blood plasma to the brain. This is related to the major facilitator superfamily domain-containing protein 2A (Mfsd2a) symporter expression in the blood-brain barrier that recognizes the various lyso-phospholipids that have choline in their polar head. In order to stabilize the DHA moiety at the sn-2 position of LysoPC, the sn-1 position was esterified by the shortest acetyl chain, creating the structural phospholipid 1-acetyl,2-docosahexaenoyl-glycerophosphocholine (AceDoPC). This small structure modification allows the maintaining of the preferential brain uptake of DHA over non-esterified DHA. Additional properties were found for AceDoPC, such as antioxidant properties, especially due to the aspirin-like acetyl moiety, as well as the capacity to generate acetylcholine in response to the phospholipase D cleavage of the polar head. Esterification of DHA within DHA-LysoPC or AceDoPC could elicit more potent neuroprotective effects against neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Lo Van
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, CNRS, LaMCoS, UMR5259, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
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19
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Bidne KL, Uhlson C, Palmer C, Berry KZ, Powell TL. Human placental lipid content and lipid metabolic enzyme abundance in obesity and across gestation. Clin Sci (Lond) 2022; 136:1389-1404. [PMID: 36103262 PMCID: PMC10108672 DOI: 10.1042/cs20220479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Changes in placental lipid metabolism influence the delivery of lipids critical for fetal development and fetal requirements for lipids change across gestation. We hypothesized that placental lipid content and metabolic enzyme protein levels increase across gestation and are elevated in obesity. Placentas (4-40 weeks' gestation) were collected from control (body mass index, BMI = 18.5-24.9, n=37) and obese (BMI > 30, n=19) pregnant women. Trophoblast villous tissue was homogenized and subjected to liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for phospholipid and triacylglycerol (TAG) analysis and western blot for protein quantification. The placental content of TAG species and nine of 35 identified phosphatidylcholines (PC) were significantly higher (P<0.05) in first trimester (28-79%, 10-47%, respectively). Furthermore, two TAG and three PC differed by maternal BMI and were significantly increased (P<0.05) in the obese group in first trimester (72-87%, 88-119%, respectively). Placental protein abundance of glycerol-2-phosphate (GPAT3) and 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 2 (AGPAT2), involved in de novo synthesis of PC and TAG, were higher (P<0.05) in the first trimester (66 and 74%, respectively). The protein abundance of the PC-remodeling enzyme PLA2G4c was also higher (63%) in first trimester (P<0.05). In conclusion, the placental content of many phospholipid and TAG species and the protein level of associated synthesis enzymes are higher in first-trimester human placenta. The high PC content may be related to the rapid membrane expansion in early pregnancy and the low placental oxygen tension may promote the accumulation of tissue TAGs in first trimester. Maternal obesity had only limited impact on placental lipid content and metabolic enzyme protein abundance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie L. Bidne
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Charis Uhlson
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Division of Neonatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Claire Palmer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Karin Zemski Berry
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Theresa L. Powell
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Division of Neonatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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20
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Watkins OC, Yong HEJ, Mah TKL, Cracknell-Hazra VKB, Pillai RA, Selvam P, Sharma N, Cazenave-Gassiot A, Bendt AK, Godfrey KM, Lewis RM, Wenk MR, Chan SY. Sex-Dependent Regulation of Placental Oleic Acid and Palmitic Acid Metabolism by Maternal Glycemia and Associations with Birthweight. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158685. [PMID: 35955818 PMCID: PMC9369035 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy complications such as maternal hyperglycemia increase perinatal mortality and morbidity, but risks are higher in males than in females. We hypothesized that fetal sex-dependent differences in placental palmitic-acid (PA) and oleic-acid (OA) metabolism influence such risks. Placental explants (n = 22) were incubated with isotope-labeled fatty acids (13C-PA or 13C-OA) for 24 or 48 h and the production of forty-seven 13C-PA lipids and thirty-seven 13C-OA lipids quantified by LCMS. Linear regression was used to investigate associations between maternal glycemia, BMI and fetal sex with 13C lipids, and between 13C lipids and birthweight centile. Placental explants from females showed greater incorporation of 13C-OA and 13C-PA into almost all lipids compared to males. Fetal sex also influenced relationships with maternal glycemia, with many 13C-OA and 13C-PA acylcarnitines, 13C-PA-diacylglycerols and 13C-PA phospholipids positively associated with glycemia in females but not in males. In contrast, several 13C-OA triacylglycerols and 13C-OA phospholipids were negatively associated with glycemia in males but not in females. Birthweight centile in females was positively associated with six 13C-PA and three 13C-OA lipids (mainly acylcarnitines) and was negatively associated with eight 13C-OA lipids, while males showed few associations. Fetal sex thus influences placental lipid metabolism and could be a key modulator of the impact of maternal metabolic health on perinatal outcomes, potentially contributing toward sex-specific adaptions in which females prioritize survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver C. Watkins
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Hannah E. J. Yong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 117609, Singapore
| | - Tania Ken Lin Mah
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 117609, Singapore
| | - Victoria K. B. Cracknell-Hazra
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 117609, Singapore
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Reshma Appukuttan Pillai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Preben Selvam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Neha Sharma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Amaury Cazenave-Gassiot
- Department of Biochemistry and Precision Medicine TRP, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Anne K. Bendt
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Keith M. Godfrey
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Rohan M. Lewis
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
- Institute of Developmental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Markus R. Wenk
- Department of Biochemistry and Precision Medicine TRP, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Shiao-Yng Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 117609, Singapore
- Correspondence:
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21
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Cirulli F, De Simone R, Musillo C, Ajmone-Cat MA, Berry A. Inflammatory Signatures of Maternal Obesity as Risk Factors for Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Role of Maternal Microbiota and Nutritional Intervention Strategies. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153150. [PMID: 35956326 PMCID: PMC9370669 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a main risk factor for the onset and the precipitation of many non-communicable diseases. This condition, which is associated with low-grade chronic systemic inflammation, is of main concern during pregnancy leading to very serious consequences for the new generations. In addition to the prominent role played by the adipose tissue, dysbiosis of the maternal gut may also sustain the obesity-related inflammatory milieu contributing to create an overall suboptimal intrauterine environment. Such a condition here generically defined as “inflamed womb” may hold long-term detrimental effects on fetal brain development, increasing the vulnerability to mental disorders. In this review, we will examine the hypothesis that maternal obesity-related gut dysbiosis and the associated inflammation might specifically target fetal brain microglia, the resident brain immune macrophages, altering neurodevelopmental trajectories in a sex-dependent fashion. We will also review some of the most promising nutritional strategies capable to prevent or counteract the effects of maternal obesity through the modulation of inflammation and oxidative stress or by targeting the maternal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Cirulli
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy; or
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Roberta De Simone
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy; (R.D.S.); (M.A.A.-C.)
| | - Chiara Musillo
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy; or
- PhD Program in Behavioral Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Ajmone-Cat
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy; (R.D.S.); (M.A.A.-C.)
| | - Alessandra Berry
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy; or
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (A.B.)
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22
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Vaughan OR, Rosario FJ, Chan J, Cox LA, Ferchaud-Roucher V, Zemski-Berry KA, Reusch JEB, Keller AC, Powell TL, Jansson T. Maternal obesity causes fetal cardiac hypertrophy and alters adult offspring myocardial metabolism in mice. J Physiol 2022; 600:3169-3191. [PMID: 35545608 DOI: 10.1113/jp282462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity in pregnant women causes fetal cardiac dysfunction and increases offspring cardiovascular disease risk, but its effect on myocardial metabolism is unknown. We hypothesized that maternal obesity alters fetal cardiac expression of metabolism-related genes and shifts offspring myocardial substrate preference from glucose towards lipids. Female mice were fed control or obesogenic diets before and during pregnancy. Fetal hearts were studied in late gestation (embryonic day (E) 18.5; term ≈ E21), and offspring were studied at 3, 6, 9 or 24 months postnatally. Maternal obesity increased heart weight and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (Pparg) expression in female and male fetuses and caused left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in the adult offspring. Cardiac dysfunction worsened progressively with age in female, but not male, offspring of obese dams, in comparison to age-matched control animals. In 6-month-old offspring, exposure to maternal obesity increased cardiac palmitoyl carnitine-supported mitochondrial respiration in males and reduced myocardial 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in females. Cardiac Pparg expression remained higher in adult offspring of obese dams than control dams and was correlated with contractile and metabolic function. Maternal obesity did not affect cardiac palmitoyl carnitine respiration in females or 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in males and did not alter cardiac 3 H-oleic acid uptake, pyruvate respiration, lipid content or fatty acid/glucose transporter abundance in offspring of either sex. The results support our hypothesis and show that maternal obesity affects offspring cardiac metabolism in a sex-dependent manner. Persistent upregulation of Pparg expression in response to overnutrition in utero might underpin programmed cardiac impairments mechanistically and contribute to cardiovascular disease risk in children of women with obesity. KEY POINTS: Obesity in pregnant women causes cardiac dysfunction in the fetus and increases lifelong cardiovascular disease risk in the offspring. In this study, we showed that maternal obesity in mice induces hypertrophy of the fetal heart in association with altered expression of genes related to nutrient metabolism. Maternal obesity also alters cardiac metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids in the adult offspring. The results suggest that overnutrition in utero might contribute to increased cardiovascular disease risk in children of women with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owen R Vaughan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Fredrick J Rosario
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jeannie Chan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Laura A Cox
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Veronique Ferchaud-Roucher
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Karin A Zemski-Berry
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jane E B Reusch
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Amy C Keller
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Theresa L Powell
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Thomas Jansson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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23
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Garcia-Santillan JA, Lazo-de-la-Vega-Monroy ML, Rodriguez-Saldaña GC, Solis-Barbosa MA, Corona-Figueroa MA, Gonzalez-Dominguez MI, Gomez-Zapata HM, Malacara JM, Barbosa-Sabanero G. Placental Nutrient Transporters and Maternal Fatty Acids in SGA, AGA, and LGA Newborns From Mothers With and Without Obesity. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:822527. [PMID: 35399516 PMCID: PMC8990844 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.822527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Adverse environmental factors in early life result in fetal metabolic programming and increased risk of adult diseases. Birth weight is an indirect marker of the intrauterine environment, modulated by nutrient availability and placental transport capacity. However, studies of placental transporters in idiopathic birth weight alterations and in maternal obesity in relation to neonatal metabolic outcomes are scarce. We aimed to analyze the placental nutrient transporter protein expression in small (SGA, n = 14), adequate (AGA, n = 18), and large (LGA n = 10) gestational age term for newborns from healthy or obese mothers (LGA-OB, n = 9) and their association with maternal fatty acids, metabolic status, placental triglycerides, and neonatal outcomes. The transporter expression was determined by Western blot. The fatty acid profile was evaluated by gas chromatography, and placental triglycerides were quantified by an enzymatic colorimetric method. GLUT1 was higher in LGA and lower in SGA and positively correlated with maternal HbA1c and placental weight (PW). SNAT2 was lower in SGA, while SNAT4 was lower in LGA-OB. FATP1 was lower in SGA and higher in LGA. SNAT4 correlated negatively and FATP1 correlated positively with the PW and birth anthropometry (BA). Placental triglycerides were higher in LGA and LGA-OB and correlated with pregestational BMI, maternal insulin, and BA. Maternal docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was higher in SGA, specifically in male placentas, correlating negatively with maternal triglycerides, PW, cord glucose, and abdominal perimeter. Palmitic acid (PA) correlated positively with FATP4 and cord insulin, linoleic acid correlated negatively with PA and maternal cholesterol, and arachidonic acid correlated inversely with maternal TG and directly with FATP4. Our study highlights the importance of placental programming in birth weight both in healthy and obese pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Miguel-Angel Solis-Barbosa
- Medical Sciences Department, Health Sciences Division, University of Guanajuato, Campus Leon, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | | | | | | | - Juan-Manuel Malacara
- Medical Sciences Department, Health Sciences Division, University of Guanajuato, Campus Leon, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Gloria Barbosa-Sabanero
- Medical Sciences Department, Health Sciences Division, University of Guanajuato, Campus Leon, Guanajuato, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Gloria Barbosa-Sabanero,
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24
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Protective effect of antioxidants on cardiac function in adult offspring exposed to prenatal overnutrition. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2022; 13:741-749. [PMID: 35272740 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174422000095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Maternal overnutrition-induced fetal programming predisposes offspring to cardiovascular health issues throughout life. Understanding how these adverse cardiovascular effects are regulated at the maternal-fetal crosstalk will provide insight into the mechanisms of these cardiovascular diseases, which will help in further identifying potential targets for intervention. Here, we uncover a role of oxidative stress caused by prenatal overnutrition in governing cardiac damage. Mice exposed to maternal obesity showed remarkable pathological cardiomyocyte hypertrophy (pmale < 0.001, Cohen's dmale = 1.77; pfemale < 0.001, Cohen's dfemale = 1.94), increased collagen content (pmale < 0.001, Cohen's dmale = 2.13; pfemale < 0.001, Cohen's dfemale = 2.71), and increased levels of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) (pmale < 0.001, Cohen's dmale = 3.02; pfemale < 0.001, Cohen's dfemale = 4.52), as well as left ventricular dysfunction in adulthood. To cope with increased oxidative stress in the myocardial tissue of offspring from obese mothers, we sought to decrease the effect of oxidative stress and prevent the development of these cardiovascular conditions with use of the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine during pregnancy. As predicted, after treatment with the antioxidant, there was greatly mitigated cardiomyocyte hypertrophy (pmale < 0.001, Cohen's dmale = 1.31; pfemale < 0.001, Cohen's dfemale = 0.82) and cardiac fibrosis, including decreased composition of collagen fibers (pmale < 0.01, Cohen's dmale = 1.45; pfemale < 0.05, Cohen's dfemale = 1.23) and reduced levels of TGF-β (pmale < 0.05, Cohen's dmale = 1.83; pfemale < 0.01, Cohen's dfemale = 3.81). We also observed improved left ventricle contractile function together with the alleviation of enhanced oxidative stress in the myocardial tissue of offspring. Collectively, these results established a crucial role of oxidative stress in prenatal overnutrition-associated ventricular remodeling and cardiac dysfunction. Our findings provided an important target for intervention of cardiovascular disease in overnutrition-related fetal programming.
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25
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Stern C, Schwarz S, Moser G, Cvitic S, Jantscher-Krenn E, Gauster M, Hiden U. Placental Endocrine Activity: Adaptation and Disruption of Maternal Glucose Metabolism in Pregnancy and the Influence of Fetal Sex. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312722. [PMID: 34884524 PMCID: PMC8657775 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The placenta is an endocrine fetal organ, which secretes a plethora of steroid- and proteo-hormones, metabolic proteins, growth factors, and cytokines in order to adapt maternal physiology to pregnancy. Central to the growth of the fetus is the supply with nutrients, foremost with glucose. Therefore, during pregnancy, maternal insulin resistance arises, which elevates maternal blood glucose levels, and consequently ensures an adequate glucose supply for the developing fetus. At the same time, maternal β-cell mass and function increase to compensate for the higher insulin demand. These adaptations are also regulated by the endocrine function of the placenta. Excessive insulin resistance or the inability to increase insulin production accordingly disrupts physiological modulation of pregnancy mediated glucose metabolism and may cause maternal gestational diabetes (GDM). A growing body of evidence suggests that this adaptation of maternal glucose metabolism differs between pregnancies carrying a girl vs. pregnancies carrying a boy. Moreover, the risk of developing GDM differs depending on the sex of the fetus. Sex differences in placenta derived hormones and bioactive proteins, which adapt and modulate maternal glucose metabolism, are likely to contribute to this sexual dimorphism. This review provides an overview on the adaptation and maladaptation of maternal glucose metabolism by placenta-derived factors, and highlights sex differences in this regulatory network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Stern
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (C.S.); (S.S.); (E.J.-K.)
| | - Sarah Schwarz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (C.S.); (S.S.); (E.J.-K.)
| | - Gerit Moser
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Silvija Cvitic
- Research Unit of Analytical Mass Spectrometry, Cell Biology and Biochemistry of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria;
| | - Evelyn Jantscher-Krenn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (C.S.); (S.S.); (E.J.-K.)
| | - Martin Gauster
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
- Correspondence: (M.G.); (U.H.); Tel.: +43-316385-71896 (M.G.); +43-136385-17837 (U.H.)
| | - Ursula Hiden
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (C.S.); (S.S.); (E.J.-K.)
- Correspondence: (M.G.); (U.H.); Tel.: +43-316385-71896 (M.G.); +43-136385-17837 (U.H.)
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26
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Christians JK. The Placenta's Role in Sexually Dimorphic Fetal Growth Strategies. Reprod Sci 2021; 29:1895-1907. [PMID: 34699045 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-021-00780-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Fetal sex affects the risk of pregnancy complications and the long-term effects of prenatal environment on health. Some have hypothesized that growth strategies differ between the sexes, whereby males prioritize growth whereas females are more responsive to their environment. This review evaluates the role of the placenta in such strategies, focusing on (1) mechanisms underlying sexual dimorphism in gene expression, (2) the nature and extent of sexual dimorphism in placental gene expression, (3) sexually dimorphic responses to nutrient supply, and (4) sexual dimorphism in morphology and histopathology. The sex chromosomes contribute to sex differences in placental gene expression, and fetal hormones may play a role later in development. Sexually dimorphic placental gene expression may contribute to differences in the prevalence of complications such as preeclampsia, although this link is not clear. Placental responses to nutrient supply frequently show sexual dimorphism, but there is no consistent pattern where one sex is more responsive. There are sex differences in the prevalence of placental histopathologies, and placental changes in pregnancy complications, but also many similarities. Overall, no clear patterns support the hypothesis that females are more responsive to the maternal environment, or that males prioritize growth. While male fetuses are at greater risk of a variety of complications, total prenatal mortality is higher in females, such that males exposed to early insults may be more likely to survive and be observed in studies of adverse outcomes. Going forward, robust statistical approaches to test for sex-dependent effects must be more widely adopted to reduce the incidence of spurious results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian K Christians
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada. .,Centre for Cell Biology, Development and Disease, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada. .,British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada. .,Women's Health Research Institute, BC Women's Hospital and Health Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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27
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Belcastro L, Ferreira CS, Saraiva MA, Mucci DB, Murgia A, Lai C, Vigor C, Oger C, Galano JM, Pinto GDA, Griffin JL, Torres AG, Durand T, Burton GJ, Sardinha FLC, El-Bacha T. Decreased Fatty Acid Transporter FABP1 and Increased Isoprostanes and Neuroprostanes in the Human Term Placenta: Implications for Inflammation and Birth Weight in Maternal Pre-Gestational Obesity. Nutrients 2021; 13:2768. [PMID: 34444927 PMCID: PMC8398812 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The rise in prevalence of obesity in women of reproductive age in developed and developing countries might propagate intergenerational cycles of detrimental effects on metabolic health. Placental lipid metabolism is disrupted by maternal obesity, which possibly affects the life-long health of the offspring. Here, we investigated placental lipid metabolism in women with pre-gestational obesity as a sole pregnancy complication and compared it to placental responses of lean women. Open profile and targeted lipidomics were used to assess placental lipids and oxidised products of docosahexaenoic (DHA) and arachidonic acid (AA), respectively, neuroprostanes and isoprostanes. Despite no overall signs of lipid accumulation, DHA and AA levels in placentas from obese women were, respectively, 2.2 and 2.5 times higher than those from lean women. Additionally, a 2-fold increase in DHA-derived neuroprostanes and a 1.7-fold increase in AA-derived isoprostanes were seen in the obese group. These changes correlated with a 70% decrease in placental FABP1 protein. Multivariate analyses suggested that neuroprostanes and isoprostanes are associated with maternal and placental inflammation and with birth weight. These results might shed light on the molecular mechanisms associated with altered placental fatty acid metabolism in maternal pre-gestational obesity, placing these oxidised fatty acids as novel mediators of placental function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Belcastro
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (L.B.); (M.A.S.); (D.B.M.)
| | - Carolina S. Ferreira
- LeBioME-Bioactives, Mitochondria and Placental Metabolism Core, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (C.S.F.); (G.D.A.P.); (A.G.T.)
| | - Marcelle A. Saraiva
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (L.B.); (M.A.S.); (D.B.M.)
| | - Daniela B. Mucci
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (L.B.); (M.A.S.); (D.B.M.)
| | - Antonio Murgia
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, UK; (A.M.); (J.L.G.)
| | - Carla Lai
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Claire Vigor
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Bâtiment Balard, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France; (C.V.); (C.O.); (J.-M.G.); (T.D.)
| | - Camille Oger
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Bâtiment Balard, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France; (C.V.); (C.O.); (J.-M.G.); (T.D.)
| | - Jean-Marie Galano
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Bâtiment Balard, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France; (C.V.); (C.O.); (J.-M.G.); (T.D.)
| | - Gabriela D. A. Pinto
- LeBioME-Bioactives, Mitochondria and Placental Metabolism Core, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (C.S.F.); (G.D.A.P.); (A.G.T.)
| | - Julian L. Griffin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, UK; (A.M.); (J.L.G.)
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BX, UK
| | - Alexandre G. Torres
- LeBioME-Bioactives, Mitochondria and Placental Metabolism Core, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (C.S.F.); (G.D.A.P.); (A.G.T.)
- Lipid Biochemistry and Lipidomics Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, Brazil
| | - Thierry Durand
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Bâtiment Balard, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France; (C.V.); (C.O.); (J.-M.G.); (T.D.)
| | - Graham J. Burton
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK;
| | - Fátima L. C. Sardinha
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (L.B.); (M.A.S.); (D.B.M.)
| | - Tatiana El-Bacha
- LeBioME-Bioactives, Mitochondria and Placental Metabolism Core, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (C.S.F.); (G.D.A.P.); (A.G.T.)
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK;
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