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Asahi Y, Arai T, Tanaka Y. Changes in plasma metabolite concentrations and enzyme activities in aging riding horses. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1345548. [PMID: 38881783 PMCID: PMC11177609 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1345548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
In older horses, basal metabolic rate decreases, and plasma metabolite and hormone concentrations related to energy metabolism change. The occurrence of age-related diseases, which increases in old animals, may enhance inflammatory reactivity (inflammaging). Finding the appropriate treatment for inflammaging at an early stage may prevent various age-related diseases. Changes in metabolite and hormone concentrations and enzyme activities involved in energy metabolism in the plasma of clinically healthy riding horses of various ages were measured to identify biomarkers of inflammaging (persistent low-grade inflammation that occurs with aging). All horses were clinically healthy, and their body condition scores (BCSs) were 4 or 5 (9-point scale). Plasma triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (T-Cho), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), insulin concentrations, malondialdehyde (MDA), and serum amyloid A (SAA) concentrations generally increased with age. Adiponectin concentrations, plasma superoxide dismutase (SOD), and leukocyte AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activities decreased, while plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) remained unchanged as horses aged. Although riding horses that partake in continuous exercise seems to be less likely to develop inflammaging, horses over 17 years of age tend to show proinflammatory signs with disordered lipid metabolism. In riding horses, SAA, in combination with other markers, may be a useful biomarker for inflammaging and dysregulated lipid metabolism in aging horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukari Asahi
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino, Japan
| | - Toshiro Arai
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Tanaka
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino, Japan
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2
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Lu L, Cheng M. Serum levels of HMW adiponectin and its receptors are associated with cytokine levels and clinical characteristics in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Open Med (Wars) 2024; 19:20240904. [PMID: 38463522 PMCID: PMC10921442 DOI: 10.1515/med-2024-0904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the changes in the levels of high-molecular-weight (HMW) adiponectin, adiponectin receptors, and cytokines in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), as well as their potential relationships. Forty-one patients who underwent lobectomy for lung lesions and had a clear postoperative pathological diagnosis were divided into the non-COPD (N = 23) and COPD (N = 18) groups. HMW adiponectin, cytokine, and T-cadherin levels in serum and tissues were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The levels of HMW adiponectin and cytokine (interleukin [IL]-6, IL-10, surfactant protein D, 4-hydroxynonenal, tumor necrosis factor-α, and C reactive protein) in the serum and tissues increased in the COPD group compared to those in the non-COPD group. Patients with COPD exhibited AdipoR1 upregulation and AdipoR2 downregulation. Although T-cadherin did not differ significantly between patients with and those without COPD, its expression was elevated during the progression from COPD with benign lung lesions to combined lung cancer. Furthermore, the HMW adiponectin levels were significantly correlated with the cytokine levels and the clinical characteristics of COPD. HMW adiponectin and its receptors affect the inflammatory process in COPD and may further contribute to the progression of the disease to malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Taiyuan People’s Hospital, Taiyuan, 030001, P.R. China
| | - Mengyu Cheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
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3
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Nguyen MLT, Pham C, Pham VT, Nham PLT, Ta BT, Le DT, Le QV, Hoang XC, Bozko P, Nguyen LT, Bui KC. Adiponectin Receptor Agonist Effectively Suppresses Hepatocellular Carcinoma Growth. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024:10.1007/s12013-024-01217-9. [PMID: 38243102 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01217-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second lethal cancer. Short overall survival, low five-year survival rate, and unimproved treatment efficacy urge the need to improve HCC prognosis. Adiponectin is key protector against cancer and hepatic abnormalities. Hypoadiponectinemia occurs in and promotes carcinogenesis and hepatic diseases. Adiponectin reactivation by different methods showed impressive effect against cancer and hepatic diseases. Recently, AdipoRon, an adiponectin receptor agonist, can interact with both Adiponectin receptors. AdipoRon showed promising anti-cancer effect in some cancers, but no study on HCC yet. The in vitro effect of AdipoRon on HCC was investigated by cell viability, migration, invasion, colony formation and apoptosis assays. The signalling alteration was determined by RT-qPCR and Western blot. The effect of treatment was interpreted by comparison between treatments and control. The difference between two cell lines was relatively compared. Our results showed significant in vitro anti-cancer effect of AdipoRon via AMPK- and dose-dependent manner. Huh7 cells showed a lower level of AdipoR1/2 and a superior proliferation and aggressiveness, compared to Hep3B. In addition, Huh7 cells were more sensitive to AdipoRon treatment (lower IC50, less cell growth, migration, invasion and colonies upon AdipoRon treatment) than Hep3B cells. In conclusion, AdipoRon effectively inhibited HCC growth and invasiveness in vitro. The deficient expression of adiponectin receptors affects efficacy of AdipoRon and aggressiveness of HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Ly Thi Nguyen
- Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Department of Biochemistry, Military Hospital 103, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Chi Pham
- Laboratory Animal Research Centre, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Van Tran Pham
- Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Department of Biochemistry, Military Hospital 103, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Phuong Linh Thi Nham
- Laboratory Animal Research Centre, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ba Thang Ta
- Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Respiratory Centre, Military Hospital 103, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Dinh Tuan Le
- Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Department of Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Military Hospital 103, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Quoc Vuong Le
- Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Department of Medical Examination, Le Huu Trac National Burn Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Przemyslaw Bozko
- Department of Internal medicine I, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- The M3 Research Institute, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Linh Toan Nguyen
- Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Department of Pathophysiology, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Vietnamese-German Center for Medical Research (VG-CARE), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Khac Cuong Bui
- Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam.
- Laboratory Animal Research Centre, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam.
- Department of Internal medicine I, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
- Department of Pathophysiology, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam.
- Vietnamese-German Center for Medical Research (VG-CARE), Hanoi, Vietnam.
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Škrgat S, Harlander M, Janić M. Obesity and Insulin Resistance in Asthma Pathogenesis and Clinical Outcomes. Biomedicines 2024; 12:173. [PMID: 38255279 PMCID: PMC10813771 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Common inflammatory ground links obesity, insulin resistance, and asthma. As recognition of their interplay, one worsening the natural course of the other, is recognised, questions remain about how to adequately address them altogether to improve clinical outcomes. The present manuscript sheds light on the problem, describing possible pathophysiological links, clinical views, and therapeutic challenges, raising questions about what remains to be done, and calling for multidisciplinary treatment of these patients to detect diseases early and adequately address them before they become full-blown and deteriorate their health and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Škrgat
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
- Medical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Matevž Harlander
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
- Medical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Miodrag Janić
- Medical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
- Clinical Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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5
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Capuozzo M, Celotto V, Landi L, Ferrara F, Sabbatino F, Perri F, Cascella M, Granata V, Santorsola M, Ottaiano A. Beyond Body Size: Adiponectin as a Key Player in Obesity-Driven Cancers. Nutr Cancer 2023; 75:1848-1862. [PMID: 37873648 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2023.2272343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Obesity, a complex and multifactorial disease influenced by genetic, environmental, and psychological factors, has reached epidemic proportions globally, posing a significant health challenge. In addition to its established association with cardiovascular disease and type II diabetes, obesity has been implicated as a risk factor for various cancers. However, the precise biological mechanisms linking obesity and cancer remain largely understood. Adipose tissue, an active endocrine organ, produces numerous hormones and bioactive molecules known as adipokines, which play a crucial role in metabolism, immune responses, and systemic inflammation. Notably, adiponectin (APN), the principal adipocyte secretory protein, exhibits reduced expression levels in obesity. In this scoping review, we explore and discuss the role of APN in influencing cancer in common malignancies, including lung, breast, colorectal, prostate, gastric, and endometrial cancers. Our review aims to emphasize the critical significance of investigating this field, as it holds great potential for the development of innovative treatment strategies that specifically target obesity-related malignancies. Furthermore, the implementation of more rigorous and comprehensive prevention and treatment policies for obesity is imperative in order to effectively mitigate the risk of associated diseases, such as cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Francesco Sabbatino
- Oncology Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - Francesco Perri
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS "G. Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Cascella
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS "G. Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenza Granata
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS "G. Pascale", Naples, Italy
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6
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Mallardo M, Scalia G, Raia M, Daniele A, Nigro E. The Effects of Adiponectin on the Behavior of B-Cell Leukemia Cells: Insights from an In Vitro Study. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2585. [PMID: 37761026 PMCID: PMC10527421 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), the most frequent hematological neoplasm worldwide, represents a heterogeneous group of malignancies. The etiology of NHL remains to be fully elucidated, but the role of adipose tissue (AT) in immune function via the secretion of adipokines was recently recognized. Among adipokines, adiponectin has garnered attention for its beneficial properties. This study aimed to explore the in vitro effects of AdipoRon, an adiponectin agonist, on JVM-2, a lymphoblast cell line used as a representative disease model. Methods: JVM-2 cells were treated with different concentrations of AdipoRon to evaluate its effects on viability (via an MTT test), cell cycle distribution (via an FACS analysis), invasiveness (via a Matrigel assay) and colony-forming ability; protein expression was assessed via a real-time PCR (qPCR) and/or Western blotting (WB). Results: We found that the prolonged exposure of JVM-2 cells to AdipoRon led to a reduction in their viability due to a cytostatic effect. Additionally, AdipoRon stimulated both the formation of cell colonies and the expression of E-cadherin. Interestingly, the administration of AdipoRon increased the invasive potential of JVM-2 cells. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that adiponectin is involved in the regulation of different cellular processes of JVM-2 cells, supporting its potential association with a pro-tumorigenic phenotype and indicating that it might contribute to the increased aggressiveness and metastatic potential of B lymphoma cells. However, additional studies are required to fully understand the molecular mechanisms of adiponectin's actions on lymphoblasts and whether it may represent a marker of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Mallardo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche, Università della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via A. Vivaldi, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (M.M.); (E.N.)
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate “Franco Salvatore” Scarl, Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy; (G.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Giulia Scalia
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate “Franco Salvatore” Scarl, Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy; (G.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Maddalena Raia
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate “Franco Salvatore” Scarl, Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy; (G.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Aurora Daniele
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate “Franco Salvatore” Scarl, Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy; (G.S.); (M.R.)
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Via Pansini, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Ersilia Nigro
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche, Università della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via A. Vivaldi, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (M.M.); (E.N.)
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate “Franco Salvatore” Scarl, Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy; (G.S.); (M.R.)
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7
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Lim JY, Templeton SP. Regulation of lung inflammation by adiponectin. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1244586. [PMID: 37724101 PMCID: PMC10505393 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1244586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin is an insulin sensitizing hormone that also plays a role in the regulation of inflammation. Although adiponectin can exert pro-inflammatory effects, more studies have reported anti-inflammatory effects, even in non-adipose tissues such as the lung. Obesity is considered an inflammatory disease, is a risk factor for lung diseases, and is associated with decreased levels of plasma adiponectin. The results of recent studies have suggested that adiponectin exerts anti-inflammatory activity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma and invasive fungal infection. The signaling receptors of adiponectin, AdipoR1 and AdipoR2, are expressed by epithelial cells, endothelial cells, and immune cells in the lung. In this mini-review, we discuss the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of adiponectin in lung cells and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Steven P. Templeton
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine-Terre Haute, Terre Haute, IN, United States
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8
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Zhuang C, Kang M, Lee M. Delivery systems of therapeutic nucleic acids for the treatment of acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome. J Control Release 2023; 360:1-14. [PMID: 37330013 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI)/ acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a devastating inflammatory lung disease with a high mortality rate. ALI/ARDS is induced by various causes, including sepsis, infections, thoracic trauma, and inhalation of toxic reagents. Corona virus infection disease-19 (COVID-19) is also a major cause of ALI/ARDS. ALI/ARDS is characterized by inflammatory injury and increased vascular permeability, resulting in lung edema and hypoxemia. Currently available treatments for ALI/ARDS are limited, but do include mechanical ventilation for gas exchange and treatments supportive of reduction of severe symptoms. Anti-inflammatory drugs such as corticosteroids have been suggested, but their clinical effects are controversial with possible side-effects. Therefore, novel treatment modalities have been developed for ALI/ARDS, including therapeutic nucleic acids. Two classes of therapeutic nucleic acids are in use. The first constitutes knock-in genes for encoding therapeutic proteins such as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and adiponectin (APN) at the site of disease. The other is oligonucleotides such as small interfering RNAs and antisense oligonucleotides for knock-down expression of target genes. Carriers have been developed for efficient delivery for therapeutic nucleic acids into the lungs based on the characteristics of the nucleic acids, administration routes, and targeting cells. In this review, ALI/ARDS gene therapy is discussed mainly in terms of delivery systems. The pathophysiology of ALI/ARDS, therapeutic genes, and their delivery strategies are presented for development of ALI/ARDS gene therapy. The current progress suggests that selected and appropriate delivery systems of therapeutic nucleic acids into the lungs may be useful for the treatment of ALI/ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanyu Zhuang
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Wangsimni-ro 222, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Kang
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Wangsimni-ro 222, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Minhyung Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Wangsimni-ro 222, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
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9
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Adiponectin Increase in Patients Affected by Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease with Overlap of Bronchiectasis. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020444. [PMID: 36836801 PMCID: PMC9959162 DOI: 10.3390/life13020444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by respiratory symptoms and non-reversible airflow limitation with recurrent episodes of acute exacerbations. The concurrent presence of bronchiectasis in patients with COPD is associated with reduced respiratory function as well as increased exacerbation risk. Adiponectin is a promising biomarker in COPD, as greater high molecular weight (HMW) oligomer levels have been observed among COPD patients. Here, we investigate adiponectin levels in two groups of COPD patients characterized by the presence or absence of bronchiectasis (BCO), comparing both groups to healthy controls. We evaluated serum adiponectin levels in COPD patients, those with BCO, and healthy subjects and characterized the pattern of circulating adiponectin oligomers. We found that forced volume capacity % (FVC%) and forced expiratory volume % (FEV1%) were lower for BCO patients than for COPD patients. COPD patients had higher levels of adiponectin and its HMW oligomers than healthy controls. Interestingly, BCO patients had higher levels of adiponectin than COPD patients. We showed that expression levels of IL-2, -4, and -8, IFN-γ, and GM-CSF were significantly higher in BCO patients than in healthy controls. Conversely, IL-10 expression levels were lower in BCO patients. Our data suggest that the increased levels of adiponectin detected in the cohort of BCO patients compared to those in COPD patients without bronchiectasis might be determined by their worse airway inflammatory state. This hypothesis suggests that adiponectin could be considered as a biomarker to recognize advanced COPD patients with bronchiectasis.
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10
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Tee CCL, Cooke MB, Chong MC, Yeo WK, Camera DM. Mechanisms for Combined Hypoxic Conditioning and Divergent Exercise Modes to Regulate Inflammation, Body Composition, Appetite, and Blood Glucose Homeostasis in Overweight and Obese Adults: A Narrative Review. Sports Med 2023; 53:327-348. [PMID: 36441492 PMCID: PMC9877079 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-022-01782-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a major global health issue and a primary risk factor for metabolic-related disorders. While physical inactivity is one of the main contributors to obesity, it is a modifiable risk factor with exercise training as an established non-pharmacological treatment to prevent the onset of metabolic-related disorders, including obesity. Exposure to hypoxia via normobaric hypoxia (simulated altitude via reduced inspired oxygen fraction), termed hypoxic conditioning, in combination with exercise has been increasingly shown in the last decade to enhance blood glucose regulation and decrease the body mass index, providing a feasible strategy to treat obesity. However, there is no current consensus in the literature regarding the optimal combination of exercise variables such as the mode, duration, and intensity of exercise, as well as the level of hypoxia to maximize fat loss and overall body compositional changes with hypoxic conditioning. In this narrative review, we discuss the effects of such diverse exercise and hypoxic variables on the systematic and myocellular mechanisms, along with physiological responses, implicated in the development of obesity. These include markers of appetite regulation and inflammation, body conformational changes, and blood glucose regulation. As such, we consolidate findings from human studies to provide greater clarity for implementing hypoxic conditioning with exercise as a safe, practical, and effective treatment strategy for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Chow Li Tee
- Division of Research and Innovation, National Sports Institute of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Sport and Exercise Medicine Group, Swinburne University, Room SPW224, Mail H21, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
| | - Matthew B Cooke
- Sport and Exercise Medicine Group, Swinburne University, Room SPW224, Mail H21, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
| | - Mee Chee Chong
- Sport and Exercise Medicine Group, Swinburne University, Room SPW224, Mail H21, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
| | - Wee Kian Yeo
- Division of Research and Innovation, National Sports Institute of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Donny M Camera
- Sport and Exercise Medicine Group, Swinburne University, Room SPW224, Mail H21, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia.
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11
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Enhanced Immunomodulation, Anti-Apoptosis, and Improved Tear Dynamics of (PEG)-BHD1028, a Novel Adiponectin Receptor Agonist Peptide, for Treating Dry Eye Disease. Pharmaceutics 2022; 15:pharmaceutics15010078. [PMID: 36678707 PMCID: PMC9863990 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) is characterized by impaired tear dynamics, leading to complex pathophysiological conditions. (PEG)-BHD1028, a peptide agonist to AdipoRs, was evaluated as a potential therapeutic agent for DED based on the reported physiological function of adiponectin, including anti-inflammation and epithelial protection. Therapeutic effects of (PEG)-BHD1028 were evaluated in experimentally induced EDE with 0.001%, 0.01%, and 0.1% (PEG)-BHD1028 in mice and 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.4% in rabbits for 10 days. In the rabbit study, 0.05% cyclosporine was also tested as a comparator. The results from the mouse study revealed significant improvement in tear volumes, tear breakup time (TBUT), inflammation, and corneal severity score (CSS) within 10 days at all (PEG)-BHD1028 concentrations. In the rabbit study, the tear volume and TBUT significantly increased in (PEG)-BHD1028 groups compared with vehicle and 0.05% cyclosporine groups. The CSS, apoptosis rate, and corneal thickness of all (PEG)-BHD1028 and 0.05% cyclosporine groups were significantly improved relative to the vehicle group. The immune cell counts of 0.2% and 0.4% (PEG)-BHD1028 treated groups were significantly lower than those of the vehicle group. These results represent the potential of (PEG)-BHD1028 as an effective therapeutic agent for DED.
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12
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Adipokines as Regulators of Autophagy in Obesity-Linked Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11203230. [PMID: 36291097 PMCID: PMC9600294 DOI: 10.3390/cells11203230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Excess body weight and obesity have become significant risk factors for cancer development. During obesity, adipose tissue alters its biological function, deregulating the secretion of bioactive factors such as hormones, cytokines, and adipokines that promote an inflammatory microenvironment conducive to carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Adipokines regulate tumor processes such as apoptosis, proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, and invasion. Additionally, it has been found that they can modulate autophagy, a process implicated in tumor suppression in healthy tissue and cancer progression in established tumors. Since the tumor-promoting role of autophagy has been well described, the process has been suggested as a therapeutic target in cancer. However, the effects of targeting autophagy might depend on the tumor type and microenvironmental conditions, where circulating adipokines could influence the role of autophagy in cancer. Here, we review recent evidence related to the role of adipokines in cancer cell autophagy in an effort to understand the tumor response in the context of obesity under the assumption of an autophagy-targeting treatment.
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13
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Hariri M, Amirkalali B, Mollanoroozy E, Gholami A. Can soy isoflavones in combination with soy protein change serum concentration of adiponectin and resistin? A systematic review and meta-analysis on randomized clinical trials. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 10:4126-4138. [PMID: 36514764 PMCID: PMC9731533 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Some studies proposed the anti-inflammatory effect of soy protein and soy isoflavones by changing the serum adiponectin and resistin levels. The purpose of this research was to determine the impact of soy isoflavones and soy protein on blood adiponectin and resistin levels in adults. Scopus, PubMed, Cochrane Library, ISI Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were searched until April 2022. The effect size was computed by the mean changes from the beginning for intervention and comparison groups and their standard deviation. In the case of significant heterogeneity, DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model was used. Six and five clinical trials were selected for the systematic review and meta-analysis, respectively. The overall estimate indicated that soy isoflavones in combination with soy protein did not significantly change serum adiponectin level (weighted mean differences (WMD) = 0.36 μg/ml; 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.26, 0.99; p = .25), but significantly increased serum resistin level (WMD = 0.64 ng/ml, 95% CI: 0.25, 1.04; p = .001). In combination with soy protein, soy isoflavones nonsignificantly increased serum adiponectin levels, but significantly increased resistin levels. New intervention studies with a high dose of soy isoflavones and soy protein in different parts of the world and an updated meta-analysis are needed to confirm the results of our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Hariri
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research CenterNeyshabur University of Medical SciencesNeyshaburIran
| | - Bahareh Amirkalali
- Gastrointestinal & Liver Diseases Research CenterIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Ensiyeh Mollanoroozy
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research CenterNeyshabur University of Medical SciencesNeyshaburIran
| | - Ali Gholami
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research CenterNeyshabur University of Medical SciencesNeyshaburIran,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public HealthNeyshabur University of Medical SciencesNeyshaburIran
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14
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Lad N, Murphy A, Parenti C, Nelson C, Williams N, Sharpe G, McTernan P. Asthma and obesity: endotoxin another insult to add to injury? Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 135:2729-2748. [PMID: 34918742 PMCID: PMC8689194 DOI: 10.1042/cs20210790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Low-grade inflammation is often an underlying cause of several chronic diseases such as asthma, obesity, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Defining the mediators of such chronic low-grade inflammation often appears dependent on which disease is being investigated. However, downstream systemic inflammatory cytokine responses in these diseases often overlap, noting there is no doubt more than one factor at play to heighten the inflammatory response. Furthermore, it is increasingly believed that diet and an altered gut microbiota may play an important role in the pathology of such diverse diseases. More specifically, the inflammatory mediator endotoxin, which is a complex lipopolysaccharide (LPS) derived from the outer membrane cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria and is abundant within the gut microbiota, and may play a direct role alongside inhaled allergens in eliciting an inflammatory response in asthma. Endotoxin has immunogenic effects and is sufficiently microscopic to traverse the gut mucosa and enter the systemic circulation to act as a mediator of chronic low-grade inflammation in disease. Whilst the role of endotoxin has been considered in conditions of obesity, cardiovascular disease and T2DM, endotoxin as an inflammatory trigger in asthma is less well understood. This review has sought to examine the current evidence for the role of endotoxin in asthma, and whether the gut microbiota could be a dietary target to improve disease management. This may expand our understanding of endotoxin as a mediator of further low-grade inflammatory diseases, and how endotoxin may represent yet another insult to add to injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Lad
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, U.K
| | - Alice M. Murphy
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, U.K
| | - Cristina Parenti
- SHAPE Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, U.K
| | - Carl P. Nelson
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, U.K
| | - Neil C. Williams
- SHAPE Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, U.K
| | - Graham R. Sharpe
- SHAPE Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, U.K
| | - Philip G. McTernan
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, U.K
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15
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Lee Y, Nakano A, Nakamura S, Sakai K, Tanaka M, Sanematsu K, Shigemura N, Matsui T. In vitro and in silico characterization of adiponectin-receptor agonist dipeptides. NPJ Sci Food 2021; 5:29. [PMID: 34772952 PMCID: PMC8589863 DOI: 10.1038/s41538-021-00114-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to develop a dipeptide showing an adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) agonistic effect in skeletal muscle L6 myotubes. Based on the structure of the AdipoR1 agonist, AdipoRon, 15 synthetic dipeptides were targeted to promote glucose uptake in L6 myotubes. Tyr-Pro showed a significant increase in glucose uptake among the dipeptides, while other dipeptides, including Pro-Tyr, failed to exert this effect. Tyr-Pro induces glucose transporter 4 (Glut4) expression in the plasma membrane, along with adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation. In AdipoR1-knocked down cells, the promotion by Tyr-Pro was ameliorated, indicating that Tyr-Pro may directly interact with AdipoR1 as an agonist, followed by the activation of AMPK/Glut4 translocation in L6 myotubes. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that a Tyr-Pro molecule was stably positioned in the two potential binding pockets (sites 1 and 2) of the seven-transmembrane receptor, AdipoR1, anchored in a virtual 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-phosphatidylcholine membrane. In conclusion, we demonstrated the antidiabetic function of the Tyr-Pro dipeptide as a possible AdipoR1 agonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuna Lee
- grid.177174.30000 0001 2242 4849Department of Bioresources and Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School of Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395 Japan
| | - Akihiro Nakano
- grid.177174.30000 0001 2242 4849Department of Bioresources and Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School of Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395 Japan
| | - Saya Nakamura
- grid.177174.30000 0001 2242 4849Department of Bioresources and Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School of Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395 Japan
| | - Kenta Sakai
- grid.177174.30000 0001 2242 4849Research and Development Center for Five-Sense Devices, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395 Japan
| | - Mitsuru Tanaka
- grid.177174.30000 0001 2242 4849Research and Development Center for Five-Sense Devices, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395 Japan
| | - Keisuke Sanematsu
- grid.177174.30000 0001 2242 4849Research and Development Center for Five-Sense Devices, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395 Japan ,grid.177174.30000 0001 2242 4849Section of Oral Neuroscience, Graduate School of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582 Japan ,grid.177174.30000 0001 2242 4849Oral Health/Brain Health/Total Health Research Center, Graduate School of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582 Japan
| | - Noriatsu Shigemura
- grid.177174.30000 0001 2242 4849Research and Development Center for Five-Sense Devices, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395 Japan ,grid.177174.30000 0001 2242 4849Section of Oral Neuroscience, Graduate School of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582 Japan
| | - Toshiro Matsui
- Department of Bioresources and Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School of Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan. .,Research and Development Center for Five-Sense Devices, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
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16
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Mann M, Rhee Y. Flaxseed Effects on Inflammation Regulatory Gene Expressions in an Obese Animal Model. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 76:292-296. [PMID: 34169469 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-021-00906-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is known to be partially influenced by low-grade inflammation caused by pro-inflammatory cytokines and excess adipose tissue. Flaxseed contains secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) and α-linolenic acid (ALA) that have been shown to prevent pro-inflammatory cytokine production and secretion. This study determined flaxseed effects on inflammation regulatory gene expressions and their relationships with weight gain in an obese animal model. C57BL/6J mice were fed with whole flaxseed, defatted flaxseed, or flaxseed oil supplemented high-fat diet for eight weeks. After eight weeks of dietary treatment, NF-κB, IκBα, IKKβ, IL-6, TNF-α, Akt2, and adiponectin gene expressions were measured. The result shows how health-promoting compounds in flaxseed assist in alleviating and preventing obesity-induced low-grade inflammation by actively working against IKKβ/NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Mann
- Department of Public Health, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Yeong Rhee
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Exercise Sciences, North Dakota State University, P.O. Box 6050, Fargo, ND, 58108-6050, USA.
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17
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Silva-Boghossian CM, Dezonne RS. What Are the Clinical and Systemic Results of Periodontitis Treatment in Obese Individuals? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 8:48-65. [PMID: 34367878 PMCID: PMC8327900 DOI: 10.1007/s40496-021-00295-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of Review Periodontitis and obesity are characterized by a dysregulated inflammatory state. Obese individuals have a higher chance of presenting periodontitis. Clinical studies in different populations demonstrate that individuals with obesity have worse periodontal conditions. This current review aims to explore recent literature to understand what the impacts of obesity on periodontal treatment outcomes are and to learn whether periodontal treatment can improve systemic biomarkers in obese individuals. Recent Findings Short- and long-term evaluations demonstrated that non-surgical periodontal treatment could improve clinical parameters in obese individuals, represented as the reduction in mean probing depth, sites with probing depth ≥ 4 mm, and extension of bleeding on probing. However, obese individuals may have less clinical improvement when compared to normal-weight individuals with a similar periodontal profile. Additionally, periodontal treatment may contribute to a reduction in systemic levels of retinol-binding protein 4 and leptin, while promoting an increase in systemic levels of adiponectin. Summary Overall, obese individuals with periodontitis can significantly benefit from non-surgical periodontal treatment. However, clinical improvements seem to be less prominent in obese individuals with periodontitis compared to non-obese individuals with similar periodontal status. Nevertheless, periodontal treatment may impact significantly on the reduction of several biochemical biomarkers of obesity with or without weight reduction. Further investigations are needed to improve our comprehension of the mechanisms underlying those findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina M. Silva-Boghossian
- Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rua Professor Rodolpho Paulo Rocco, 325, Cidade Universitaria, Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 21941-617 Brazil
| | - Romulo S. Dezonne
- Postgraduate Program in Translational Biomedicine, University of Grande Rio, Duque de Caxias, RJ Brazil
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18
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Nigro E, Daniele A, Salzillo A, Ragone A, Naviglio S, Sapio L. AdipoRon and Other Adiponectin Receptor Agonists as Potential Candidates in Cancer Treatments. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115569. [PMID: 34070338 PMCID: PMC8197554 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The high mortality rate together with an ever-growing number of annual cases have defined neoplastic disorders as “the real 21st-century disease”. Its dubious distinction also results from conventional therapy failure, which has made cancer an orphan disease. Therefore, innovative and alternative therapeutic strategies are mandatory. The ability to leverage human naturally occurring anti-tumor defenses has always represented a fascinating perspective, and the immuno blockage approval in cancer treatment represents in timeline the latest success. As a multifunctional organ, adipose tissue releases a large amount of adipokines having both carcinogenic and antitumor properties. The negative correlation between serum levels and risk for developing malignancies, as well as the huge number of existing preclinical studies, have identified adiponectin as a potential anticancer adipokine. Nevertheless, its usage in clinical has constantly clashed with the inability to reproduce a mimic synthetic compound. Between 2011 and 2013, two distinct adiponectin receptor agonists were recognized, opening new scenarios even in cancer. Here, we review the first orally active adiponectin receptor agonists AdipoRon, from the discovery to the anticancer evidence. Including our latest findings in osteosarcoma models, we summarize AdipoRon and other existing agonists state-of-art, questioning about the feasibility assessment of this strategy in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ersilia Nigro
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (E.N.); (A.D.)
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, 80145 Napoli, Italy
| | - Aurora Daniele
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (E.N.); (A.D.)
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, 80145 Napoli, Italy
| | - Alessia Salzillo
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Napoli, Italy; (A.S.); (A.R.); (L.S.)
| | - Angela Ragone
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Napoli, Italy; (A.S.); (A.R.); (L.S.)
| | - Silvio Naviglio
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Napoli, Italy; (A.S.); (A.R.); (L.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Luigi Sapio
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Napoli, Italy; (A.S.); (A.R.); (L.S.)
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19
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Li J, Ma XJ, Wu X, Si SJ, Li C, Yang PK, Li GX, Liu XJ, Tian YD, Kang XT. Adiponectin modulates steroid hormone secretion, granulosa cell proliferation and apoptosis via binding its receptors during hens' high laying period. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101197. [PMID: 34089930 PMCID: PMC8182267 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin is an important adipocytokine and plays the roles in multiple metabolic processes via binding its receptors - AdipoR1 and AdipoR2, which has also been found to participate in the regulation of the reproductive system of animals, in particular by influencing the secretion of ovarian steroid hormones. To further investigate the expression of adiponectin and its receptors in follicles after in vitro incubation, and their role in the steroid synthesis of laying hens’ ovaries, we performed qRT-PCR and ELISA to detect the expressions of AdipoQ, AdipoR1, and AidpoR2, and determined the key genes involved in steroidogenesis and the secretion of estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) through the in vitro activation of adiponectin (AipoRon) and overexpression or knockdown of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2. Our results revealed that adiponectin and its receptors wildly exist in follicles and granulosa cells, and AdipoRon (5 and 10 µg/mL) had no effect on granulosa cell proliferation and apoptosis but significantly stimulated the secretion of adiponectin and its receptors in granulosa cells after incubation for 24 h. Furthermore, AdipoRon could significantly stimulate the secretion of P4 and inhibit E2 level compared to those of the control group through modulating the key genes expression of steroidogenesis (CYP19A1, StAR, CYP11A1, FSHR, and LHR). The secretion of E2 was also decreased in granulosa cells by the treatments of overexpression and knockdown of AdipoR1/2, however, there was no difference in terms of the level of P4 and StAR expression between them if there was overexpression or knockdown of AdipoR1/2. In addition, it was shown that the secretion of E2 only exhibits a marked drop if co-processing 10 µg/mL AdipoRon and pGMLV AdipoR2 compared to single treatments. Taken together, the study highlighted the role of adiponectin and its receptors in the regulation of steroid synthesis and secretion in ovarian granulosa cells in laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China; Henan Key laboratory for innovation and utilization of chicken germplasm resources, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Xue-Jie Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China; Henan Key laboratory for innovation and utilization of chicken germplasm resources, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Xing Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China; Henan Key laboratory for innovation and utilization of chicken germplasm resources, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Su-Jin Si
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China; Henan Key laboratory for innovation and utilization of chicken germplasm resources, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Chong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China; Henan Key laboratory for innovation and utilization of chicken germplasm resources, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Peng-Kun Yang
- Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Guo-Xi Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China; Henan Key laboratory for innovation and utilization of chicken germplasm resources, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China; Henan Key laboratory for innovation and utilization of chicken germplasm resources, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Ya-Dong Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China; Henan Key laboratory for innovation and utilization of chicken germplasm resources, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Xiang-Tao Kang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China; Henan Key laboratory for innovation and utilization of chicken germplasm resources, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
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20
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Nigro E, Orlandella FM, Polito R, Mariniello RM, Monaco ML, Mallardo M, De Stefano AE, Iervolino PLC, Salvatore G, Daniele A. Adiponectin and leptin exert antagonizing effects on proliferation and motility of papillary thyroid cancer cell lines. J Physiol Biochem 2021; 77:237-248. [PMID: 33587254 PMCID: PMC8121733 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-021-00789-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Adiponectin (Acrp30) and leptin, adipokines produced and secreted mainly by the adipose tissue, are involved in human carcinogenesis. Thyroid carcinomas are frequent endocrine cancers, and several evidences suggest that they are correlated with obesity. In this study, we first analyzed the expression levels and prognostic values of Acrp30, leptin, and their receptors in thyroid cancer cells. Then, we investigated the role of Acrp30 and leptin in proliferation, migration, and invasion. We found that Acrp30 treatment alone inhibits cell proliferation and cell viability in a time and dose-dependent manner; leptin alone does not influence thyroid cancer cells (BCPAP and K1) proliferation, but the combined treatment reverts Acrp30-induced effects on cell proliferation. Additionally, through wound healing and Matrigel Matrix invasion assays, we unveiled that Acrp30 inhibits thyroid cancer cell motility, while leptin induces the opposite effect. Importantly, in the combined treatment, Acrp30 and leptin exert antagonizing effects on papillary thyroid cancer cells’ migration and invasion in both BCPAP and K1 cell lines. Highlights of these studies suggest that Acrp30 and leptin could represent therapeutic targets and biomarkers for the management of thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ersilia Nigro
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania, "Luigi Vanvitelli,", Via G. Vivaldi 42, 81100, Caserta, Italy.,CEINGE - Biotecnologie Avanzate S.c.a.r.l., Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Rita Polito
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania, "Luigi Vanvitelli,", Via G. Vivaldi 42, 81100, Caserta, Italy.,CEINGE - Biotecnologie Avanzate S.c.a.r.l., Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145, Napoli, Italy
| | - Raffaela Mariarosaria Mariniello
- CEINGE - Biotecnologie Avanzate S.c.a.r.l., Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145, Napoli, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Parthenope,", Via Medina 40, 80133, Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Ludovica Monaco
- CEINGE - Biotecnologie Avanzate S.c.a.r.l., Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145, Napoli, Italy
| | - Marta Mallardo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania, "Luigi Vanvitelli,", Via G. Vivaldi 42, 81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Anna Elisa De Stefano
- CEINGE - Biotecnologie Avanzate S.c.a.r.l., Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145, Napoli, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Parthenope,", Via Medina 40, 80133, Napoli, Italy
| | - Paola Lucia Chiara Iervolino
- CEINGE - Biotecnologie Avanzate S.c.a.r.l., Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145, Napoli, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Avanzate, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II,", Via Pansini 5, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Giuliana Salvatore
- CEINGE - Biotecnologie Avanzate S.c.a.r.l., Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145, Napoli, Italy. .,IRCCS SDN, Via Emanuele Gianturco 113, 80143, Napoli, Italy. .,Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Parthenope,", Via Medina 40, 80133, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Aurora Daniele
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania, "Luigi Vanvitelli,", Via G. Vivaldi 42, 81100, Caserta, Italy. .,CEINGE - Biotecnologie Avanzate S.c.a.r.l., Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145, Napoli, Italy.
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21
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Perrotta F, Nigro E, Pafundi PC, Polito R, Nucera F, Scialò F, Caramori G, Bianco A, Daniele A. Adiponectin is Associated with Neutrophils to Lymphocyte Ratio in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. COPD 2020; 18:70-75. [PMID: 33302720 DOI: 10.1080/15412555.2020.1857718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Disproportionate systemic inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with declining lung functions and comorbidities. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) have emerged as valuable markers of the systemic inflammation in COPD. Adiponectin (Acpr30) circulates in serum as complexes of different molecular weight (HMW, MMW, LMW) with multifaceted metabolic and anti-inflammatory properties implicated in airway pathophysiology. We aimed to investigate the association between Acpr30 and its oligomers and the NLR and PLR in COPD patients. Seventy stable COPD patients were enrolled. Acrp30 serum levels and the HMW oligomers as well as hematological parameters and their ratio were evaluated. Both NLR and PLR are associated with lower BMI. Interestingly, total Acpr30 is negatively associated with NLR but not with PLR; after adjusting for age, BMI and FEV1, Acpr30 was independently associated with NLR. Conversely, HMW Acpr30 and HMW/Acpr30 ratio were positively correlated to NLR. The association of Acpr30, HMW Acpr30 and HMW/totalAcpr30 ratio with NLR but not with PLR in COPD patients indicates that Acrp30 oligomerization could represent a biological mechanism interfering with systemic inflammation in COPD. Further studies in larger cohorts of patients are required to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Perrotta
- Department of Medicine, Health Sciences "V. Tiberio" University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Ersilia Nigro
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy.,CEINGE-Biotecnologie avanzate, Napoli, Italy
| | - Pia Clara Pafundi
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Rita Polito
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie avanzate, Napoli, Italy.,Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Francesco Nucera
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università degli Studi di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Filippo Scialò
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie avanzate, Napoli, Italy.,Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli"/Hosp. Monaldi, Naples, Italy
| | - Gaetano Caramori
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università degli Studi di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Andrea Bianco
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli"/Hosp. Monaldi, Naples, Italy
| | - Aurora Daniele
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy.,CEINGE-Biotecnologie avanzate, Napoli, Italy
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22
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Recinella L, Orlando G, Ferrante C, Chiavaroli A, Brunetti L, Leone S. Adipokines: New Potential Therapeutic Target for Obesity and Metabolic, Rheumatic, and Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Physiol 2020; 11:578966. [PMID: 33192583 PMCID: PMC7662468 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.578966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Besides its role as an energy storage organ, adipose tissue can be viewed as a dynamic and complex endocrine organ, which produces and secretes several adipokines, including hormones, cytokines, extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, and growth and vasoactive factors. A wide body of evidence showed that adipokines play a critical role in various biological and physiological functions, among which feeding modulation, inflammatory and immune function, glucose and lipid metabolism, and blood pressure control. The aim of this review is to summarize the effects of several adipokines, including leptin, diponectin, resistin, chemerin, lipocalin-2 (LCN2), vaspin, omentin, follistatin-like 1 (FSTL1), secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), secreted frizzled-related protein 5 (SFRP5), C1q/TNF-related proteins (CTRPs), family with sequence similarity to 19 member A5 (FAM19A5), wingless-type inducible signaling pathway protein-1 (WISP1), progranulin (PGRN), nesfatin-1 (nesfatin), visfatin/PBEF/NAMPT, apelin, retinol binding protein 4 (RPB4), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in the regulation of insulin resistance and vascular function, as well as many aspects of inflammation and immunity and their potential role in managing obesity-associated diseases, including metabolic, osteoarticular, and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Luigi Brunetti
- Department of Pharmacy, Gabriele d’Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
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Mollica M, Aronne L, Paoli G, Flora M, Mazzeo G, Tartaglione S, Polito R, Tranfa C, Ceparano M, Komici K, Mazzarella G, Iadevaia C. Elderly with COPD: comoborbitidies and systemic consequences. JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGY AND GERIATRICS 2020. [DOI: 10.36150/2499-6564-434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Ivanovska J, Kang NYC, Ivanovski N, Nagy A, Belik J, Gauda EB. Recombinant adiponectin protects the newborn rat lung from lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory injury. Physiol Rep 2020; 8:e14553. [PMID: 32889775 PMCID: PMC7507528 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Preterm infants are at high risk for developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia and pulmonary hypertension from inflammatory lung injury. In adult models, adiponectin (APN)—an adipocyte‐derived hormone—protects the lung from inflammatory injury and pulmonary vascular remodeling. Cord blood APN levels in premature infants born < 26 weeks gestation are 5% of the level in infants born at term. We previously reported the expression profile of APN and its receptors in neonatal rat lung homogenates during the first 3 weeks of postnatal development. Here, we characterize the expression profile of APN and its receptors in specific lung cells and the effects of exogenous recombinant APN (rAPN) on lipopolysaccharide‐(LPS)‐induced cytokine and chemokine production in total lung homogenates and specific lung cells. In vitro, rAPN added to primary cultures of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells attenuated the expression of LPS‐induced pro‐inflammatory cytokines while increasing the expression of anti‐inflammatory cytokines. In vivo, intraperitoneal rAPN (2 mg/kg), given 4 hr prior to intrapharyngeal administration of LPS (5 mg/kg) to newborn rats at postnatal day 4, significantly reduced gene and protein expression of the pro‐inflammatory cytokine IL‐1ß and reduced protein expression of the chemokines monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP‐1) and macrophage inflammatory protein‐1 alpha (MIP‐1α) in the lung. LPS‐induced histopathological changes in the lung were also decreased. Moreover, rAPN given 20 hr after intrapharyngeal LPS had a similar effect on lung inflammation. These findings suggest a role for APN in protecting the lung from inflammation during early stages of lung development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julijana Ivanovska
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics and Translational Medicine Program, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Na-Young Cindy Kang
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics and Translational Medicine Program, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nikola Ivanovski
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics and Translational Medicine Program, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Avita Nagy
- Department of Pediatric Laboratory Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jaques Belik
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics and Translational Medicine Program, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Estelle B Gauda
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics and Translational Medicine Program, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Hamjane N, Benyahya F, Nourouti NG, Mechita MB, Barakat A. Cardiovascular diseases and metabolic abnormalities associated with obesity: What is the role of inflammatory responses? A systematic review. Microvasc Res 2020; 131:104023. [PMID: 32485192 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2020.104023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity is a chronic disease responsible for a high morbidity and mortality rate, with an increasing worldwide prevalence. Obesity is associated with immune responses characterized by chronic systemic inflammation. This article focuses on the mechanisms that explain the proposed link between obesity-associated diseases and inflammation. Also, it describes the role of inflammatory molecules in obesity-associated metabolic abnormalities. METHODS More than 200 articles were selected and consulted by an online English search using various electronic search databases. Predefined key-words for the pathogenesis of obesity-induced inflammation and associated diseases, as well as the role of various inflammatory molecules, were used. RESULTS We have summarized the data of the articles consulted in this research and we have found that obesity is associated with a low-grade inflammation resulting from the change of adipose tissue (AT). The AT produces a variety of inflammatory molecules called adipocytokines that are involved in the onset of systemic low-grade inflammation which is the link between obesity and associated-chronic abnormalities; such as insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease (CVD), hypertension, diabetes, and some cancers. Also, we have searched all the inflammatory molecules involved in this pathogenesis and we have briefly described the role of 16 of them which are the most related to obesity-associated inflammation. The results have shown that there are inflammatory molecules that have a positive relationship with the pathogenesis of obesity-related diseases and others have a negative relationship with this pathogenesis. CONCLUSION Inflammation plays a crucial role in the development of various metabolic-abnormalities related to obesity. In this regard, the management of obesity may help reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and other metabolic complications by inhibiting inflammatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Hamjane
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tangier, Morocco.
| | | | - Naima Ghailani Nourouti
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tangier, Morocco
| | - Mohcine Bennani Mechita
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tangier, Morocco
| | - Amina Barakat
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tangier, Morocco
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Short-Term Physiological Effects of a Very Low-Calorie Ketogenic Diet: Effects on Adiponectin Levels and Inflammatory States. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093228. [PMID: 32370212 PMCID: PMC7246656 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is a multifunctional organ involved in many physiological and metabolic processes through the production of adipokines and, in particular, adiponectin. Caloric restriction is one of the most important strategies against obesity today. The very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) represents a type of caloric restriction with very or extremely low daily food energy consumption. This study aimed to investigate the physiological effects of a VLCKD on anthropometric and biochemical parameters such as adiponectin levels, as well as analyzing oligomeric profiles and cytokine serum levels in obese subjects before and after a VLCKD. Twenty obese subjects were enrolled. At baseline and after eight weeks of intervention, anthropometric and biochemical parameters, such as adiponectin levels, were recorded. Our findings showed a significant change in the anthropometric and biochemical parameters of these obese subjects before and after a VLCKD. We found a negative correlation between adiponectin and lipid profile, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), C-reactive protein (CRP), and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), which confirmed the important involvement of adiponectin in metabolic and inflammatory diseases. We demonstrated the beneficial short-term effects of a VLCKD not only in the treatment of obesity but also in the establishment of obesity-correlated diseases.
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Jin X, Xu L, Guan Y, Zhang Z, Li H. Bioinformatics Analysis of Microarray Datasets to Identify Prognostic Factors in Lung Adenocarcinoma. DNA Cell Biol 2020; 39:965-974. [PMID: 32330391 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2019.5203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Most patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) present high recurrence rate and poor prognosis after therapy. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify prognostic factors involved in LUAD. Five microarray datasets (including GSE75037, GSE63459, GSE43458, GSE32863, and GSE10072) were downloaded. After data preprocessing and quality control, meta-analysis was performed to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using the MetaDE.ES method in MetaDE package. Subsequently, network construction and module identification were conducted by the Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis method. Moreover, survival-associated genes were identified using the univariate and multivariate Cox regression method in survival package. The risk score model was constructed by prognosis associated genes, followed by the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Oncomine expressions analysis of several prognosis associated genes was conducted. The expression levels of key genes were detected using quantitative real-time PCR experiments. A total of 1434 DEGs between LUAD and normal samples were identified. Nine disease-associated modules were identified, in which M8 module was most correlated with LAUD phenotype. A total of 89 indicators (including T stage, M stage, and ADIPOR2) were significantly associated with LAUD prognosis, while only T stage and 9 DEGs (e.g., ARHGEF3, GTSE1, RBM15 and CD52) were retained as the potential prognostic factors following multivariate COX regression analysis. The upregulated adiponectin receptor 2 (ADIPOR2), rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3 (ARHGEF3), and CD52 molecule (CD52), and downregulated GTSE1 were validated in LAUD samples of Oncomine database. Importantly, ADIPOR2 and ARHGEF3 were confirmed to be down-regulated in LUAD tissues. ADIPOR2, ARHGEF3, G2 and S-phase expressed 1 (GTSE1) and CD52 might be promising prognostic factors in LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Jin
- Department of Respiration, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lijun Xu
- Department of Respiration, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yinghui Guan
- Department of Respiration, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- PICU, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongyu Li
- Department of Respiration, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Duran M, Ziyrek M. Effect of Obesity on Pulmonary Vascular Hemodynamics. J Cardiovasc Echogr 2020; 30:75-81. [PMID: 33282644 PMCID: PMC7706374 DOI: 10.4103/jcecho.jcecho_70_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Obesity-related pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is associated with hypoxia and metabolic abnormalities. Although right heart catheterization is the gold standard method for the diagnosis of PAH, Doppler echocardiography is more common. On the other hand, there is no definite echocardiographic parameter for PAH diagnosis. Novel echocardiographic parameter, pulmonary pulse transit time (pPTT), is assumed to be a surrogate marker for the assessment of PAH. AIMS The aim was to evaluate whether pPTT might be valuable for evaluating pulmonary vascular hemodynamics in obese patients. SETTINGS AND DESIGN A cross-sectional observational study. METHODS A total of 130 consecutive obese patients and 50 controls were included. Obese patients were divided into three groups according to body mass index (BMI): 25 < BMI <30 kg/m2 formed Group 1, 30 < BMI <35 kg/m2 formed Group 2, and 35 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED Intergroup differences were analyzed with analysis of variance or Kruskal-Wallis test. Pearson's or Spearman's correlation analysis was used for correlation, multivariate logistic regression analysis, and regression. RESULTS Statistically significant reduction in pPTT was detected as early as in the first group (361.24 ± 25.54 vs. 391.26 ± 15.07; P = 0.015) and continued throughout Groups 2 and 3 (299.92 ± 35.10 vs. 391.26 ± 15.07; P < 0.0001, and 245.46 ± 11.25 vs. 391.26 ± 15.07; P < 0.0001, respectively). There was a strong negative correlation between pPTT and BMI (r = -0.848, P = 0.001). On linear regression analysis, BMI was found to be an independent risk factor for pPTT (confidence interval: -9.164-6.379, β = -0.525, P = 0.0001). CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest that obesity leads to an increase in PAH, and pPTT allows noninvasive determination of the pulmonary hemodynamics in obese patients. pPTT might be a useful parameter in terms of predicting pulmonary hemodynamics and vascular alterations in obese patients. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the association between obesity and PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Duran
- Department of Cardiology, Konya Education and Research Hospital, Konya, Turkey
| | - Murat Ziyrek
- Department of Cardiology, Konya Education and Research Hospital, Konya, Turkey
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Salvator H, Grassin-Delyle S, Naline E, Brollo M, Fournier C, Couderc LJ, Devillier P. Contrasting Effects of Adipokines on the Cytokine Production by Primary Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells: Inhibitory Effects of Adiponectin. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:56. [PMID: 32132922 PMCID: PMC7040162 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity is associated with an elevated risk of respiratory infections and inflammatory lung diseases. The objective was to investigate (i) the effects of adipokines (adiponectin (APN), leptin, chemerin, and visfatin) on the production of cytokines by unstimulated and poly(I:C)- and TNF-α-activated human primary bronchial epithelial cells (hBECs), (ii) the cells’ expression of the APN receptors (AdipoR1 and AdipoR2), and (iii) the cells' production of APN. Methods The hBECs were isolated from patients undergoing surgery for lung carcinoma. The cells were then cultured with human recombinant adipokines in the absence or presence of TNF-α or poly(I:C) for 24 h. Supernatant levels of cytokines (IL-6, CCL2, CCL5, CCL20, CXCL1, CXCL8) and APN were measured using ELISAs. The mRNA levels of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 in hBECs were determined using a real-time quantitative PCR. Results Of the four adipokines tested, only APN significantly influenced the basal production and the TNF-α poly(I:C)-induced production of cytokines by hBECs. APN (3-30 µg.ml-1) was associated with greater basal production of IL-6, CCL20, and CXCL8, lower basal production of CCL2 and CXCL1 and no difference in CCL5 production. APN inhibited the poly(I:C)-induced production of these five cytokines and the TNF-α-induced production of CCL2 and CXCL1. AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 were both expressed in hBECs. In contrast to human bronchial explants, isolated hBECs did not produce APN. Conclusions The APN concentrations are abnormally low in obese individuals, and this fall may contribute to the susceptibility to viral lung infections and the severity of these infections in obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Salvator
- Laboratory of Research in Respiratory Pharmacology-UPRES EA220, UFR Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, Université Paris-Saclay, Suresnes, France.,Department of Respiratory Diseases, Hôpital Foch, Suresnes, France
| | - Stanislas Grassin-Delyle
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Hôpital Foch, Suresnes, France.,Mass Spectrometry Platform & INSERM UMR1173, UFR Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, Université Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines, Université Paris-Saclay, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Emmanuel Naline
- Laboratory of Research in Respiratory Pharmacology-UPRES EA220, UFR Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, Université Paris-Saclay, Suresnes, France.,Department of Respiratory Diseases, Hôpital Foch, Suresnes, France
| | - Marion Brollo
- Laboratory of Research in Respiratory Pharmacology-UPRES EA220, UFR Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, Université Paris-Saclay, Suresnes, France
| | - Caroline Fournier
- Laboratory of Research in Respiratory Pharmacology-UPRES EA220, UFR Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, Université Paris-Saclay, Suresnes, France
| | - Louis-Jean Couderc
- Laboratory of Research in Respiratory Pharmacology-UPRES EA220, UFR Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, Université Paris-Saclay, Suresnes, France.,Department of Respiratory Diseases, Hôpital Foch, Suresnes, France
| | - Philippe Devillier
- Laboratory of Research in Respiratory Pharmacology-UPRES EA220, UFR Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, Université Paris-Saclay, Suresnes, France.,Department of Respiratory Diseases, Hôpital Foch, Suresnes, France
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Wei K, Luo J, Cao J, Peng L, Ren L, Zhang F. Adiponectin Protects Obese Rats from Aggravated Acute Lung Injury via Suppression of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:4179-4190. [PMID: 33192080 PMCID: PMC7653273 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s278684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress seems to mediate the obesity-induced susceptibility to acute lung injury (ALI). The present study was designed to evaluate the role of ER stress in adiponectin (APN)-induced lung protection in an obese rat model treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). METHODS Four-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats fed either a normal chow diet or a high-fat diet for 12 weeks were randomly assigned to one of the following groups: lean rats, diet-induced obesity rats, lean rats with ALI, obese rats with ALI, obese rats pretreated with 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) before ALI or obese rats pretreated with APN before ALI. At 24 h after instillation of LPS into the lungs, cell counts in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were determined. Lung tissues were separated to assess the degree of inflammation, pulmonary oedema, epithelial apoptosis and the expression of ER stress marker proteins. RESULTS The 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78) and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) expression in the lung tissues of obese rats was upregulated before ALI, as well as the elevated apoptosis in epithelial cells. During ALI, the expression of ER stress marker proteins was similarly increased in both lean and obese rats, while significant downregulation of Mitofusin 2 (MFN2) was detected in obese epithelial cells. The lung tissues of obese rats showed higher concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and IL-10, enhanced neutrophil counts and elevated wet/dry weight ratios. APN and 4-PBA decreased the degree of ER stress and suppressed LPS-induced lung inflammation, pulmonary oedema and epithelial apoptosis. CONCLUSION APN may exert protective effects against the exacerbated lung injuries in obese rats by attenuating ER stress, which operates as a key molecular pathway in the progression of ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Ke Wei Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1# Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 23 89011069Fax +86 23 89011062 Email
| | - Jie Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lihua Peng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Ren
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jianyang People’s Hospital, Jianyang, Sichuan641400, People’s Republic of China
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ER stress contributes to autophagy induction by adiponectin in macrophages: Implication in cell survival and suppression of inflammatory response. Cytokine 2019; 127:154959. [PMID: 31877413 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Adiponectin, the most abundant adipokine, exhibits various physiological functions. In addition to its critical role in lipid metabolism, recent studies have demonstrated its potent anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective properties. Accumulating evidence suggests that autophagy plays a critical role in various biological responses by adiponectin. However, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Herein, we investigated the role of ER stress in adiponectin-induced autophagy and its functional roles in biological responses by adiponectin in macrophages. In this study, globular adiponectin (gAcrp) significantly increased the expression of various ER stress markers in both RAW 264.7 and primary peritoneal macrophages. In addition, inhibition of ER stress by treatment with tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) or gene silencing of CHOP prominently suppressed gAcrp-induced autophagy. Treatment with gAcrp also induced significant increase in sestrin2 expression. Interestingly, knockdown of sestrin2 prevented autophagy induction and inhibition of ER stress abrogated sestrin2 induction by gAcrp, collectively implying that ER stress critically contributes to gAcrp-induced autophagy activation via sestrin2 induction. Moreover, pretreatment with TUDCA restored suppression of TNF-α and IL-1β expression and attenuated the enhanced viability of macrophages induced by gAcrp. Taken together, these findings indicate the potential role of ER stress in autophagy activation, modulation of inflammatory responses, and cell survival by gAcrp in macrophages.
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Polito R, Nigro E, Pecoraro A, Monaco ML, Perna F, Sanduzzi A, Genovese A, Spadaro G, Daniele A. Adiponectin Receptors and Pro-inflammatory Cytokines Are Modulated in Common Variable Immunodeficiency Patients: Correlation With Ig Replacement Therapy. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2812. [PMID: 31827477 PMCID: PMC6890605 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin exerts beneficial pleiotropic effects through three receptors, AdipoR1, AdipoR2, and T-cadherin; it also exerts immunomodulatory effects. We previously demonstrated that adiponectin levels are altered in common variable immunodeficiency disease (CVID). The purpose of the present study was to investigate further the specific involvement of adiponectin in CVID by characterizing (i) the expression profile of adiponectin receptors on peripheral blood mononuclear cells; (ii) the levels of another relevant adipokine, namely leptin; (iii) the levels of five other cytokines (IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, TNFα, and IFNγ) in 24 patients on maintenance therapy, in 18 treatment-naïve patients (before and 24 h after the first Ig infusion) and in 28 healthy controls. We found that (i) adiponectin was down-expressed in patients on maintenance therapy and in treatment-naïve patients, and that it increased in treatment-naïve patients 24 h after the first Ig infusion; (ii) leptin expression did not differ between maintenance patients and controls either before or after the first Ig infusion; (iii) AdipoR1 expression was significantly higher on B lymphocytes, monocytes and NK cells of CVID patients than in controls; (iv) the expression of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 on B lymphocytes, monocytes and NK cells was higher after the first Ig infusion than in treatment-naïve patients; (v) T-cadherin expression did not differ between treatment- naïve CVID patients and controls, and was not affected by Ig infusion; and (vi) IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNFα levels were differently expressed in CVID patients on therapy maintenance and were not affected by the first Ig replacement therapy. This is the first study to demonstrate that the expression of AdipoRs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from CVID patients differs from that of controls, and changes after the first Ig infusion. The specificity of adiponectin involvement in CVID is supported by the absence of changes in leptin levels and in the levels of the cytokines investigated. Taken together, these results suggest that the adiponectin system plays an important and specific role in CVID. A better understanding of adiponectin as a link in the cross-talk between the immune system and adipose tissue may provide additional benefits for the management of CVID patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Polito
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Caserta, Italy.,CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, Naples, Italy
| | - Ersilia Nigro
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, Naples, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Allergologia e Immunologia Clinica, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Pecoraro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Allergologia e Immunologia Clinica, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Franco Perna
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II," Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sanduzzi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II," Naples, Italy
| | - Arturo Genovese
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Allergologia e Immunologia Clinica, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Spadaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Allergologia e Immunologia Clinica, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Aurora Daniele
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Caserta, Italy.,CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, Naples, Italy
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Mizuta K, Matoba A, Shibata S, Masaki E, Emala Sr CW. Obesity-induced asthma: Role of free fatty acid receptors. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2019; 55:103-107. [PMID: 31516639 PMCID: PMC6728269 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2019.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major risk factor for the development of asthma, and worsens the key features of asthma including airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation, and airway remodeling. Although pro- and anti-inflammatory adipocytokines may contribute to the pathogenesis of asthma in obesity, the mechanistic basis for the relationship between asthma and obesity remains unclear. In obese individuals, the increased amount of adipose tissue results in the release of more long-chain free fatty acids as compared to lean individuals, causing an elevation in plasma long-chain free fatty acid concentrations. Recent findings suggest that the free fatty acid receptor 1 (FFAR1), which is a sensor of medium- and long-chain free fatty acids, is expressed on airway smooth muscle and plays a pivotal role in airway contraction and airway smooth muscle cell proliferation. In contrast, FFAR4, which is a sensor for long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and also expressed on airway smooth muscle, does not contribute to airway contraction and airway smooth muscle cell proliferation. Functional roles for short-chain fatty acid receptors FFAR2 and FFAR3 in the pathogenesis of asthma is still under debate. Taken together, adipose-derived long-chain free fatty acids may contribute to the pathogenesis of asthma in obesity through FFAR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Mizuta
- Department of Dento-oral Anesthesiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Atsuko Matoba
- Department of Dento-oral Anesthesiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Sumire Shibata
- Department of Dento-oral Anesthesiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Eiji Masaki
- Department of Dento-oral Anesthesiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Charles W. Emala Sr
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, New York, United States
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Kim JS, Anderson MR, Podolanczuk AJ, Kawut SM, Allison MA, Raghu G, Hinckley-Stuckovsky K, Hoffman EA, Tracy RP, Barr RG, Lederer DJ, Giles JT. Associations of Serum Adipokines With Subclinical Interstitial Lung Disease Among Community-Dwelling Adults: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Chest 2019; 157:580-589. [PMID: 31678306 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2019.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipokines have inflammatory and fibrotic properties that may be critical in interstitial lung disease (ILD). We examined associations of serum adipokine levels with CT imaging-based measures of subclinical ILD and lung function among community-dwelling adults. METHODS A subset of the original Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis cohort (n = 1,968) had adiponectin, leptin, and resistin measured during follow-up visits (2002-2005). We used regression models to examine associations of adiponectin, leptin, and resistin levels with (1) high-attenuation areas (HAAs) from CT scans (2004-2005, n = 1,144), (2) interstitial lung abnormalities (ILAs) from CT scans (2010-2012, n = 872), and (3) FVC from spirometry (2004-2006, n = 1,446). We used -(1/HAA2), which we denoted with H, to model HAA as our outcome to meet model assumptions. RESULTS Higher adiponectin was associated with lower HAA on CT imaging among adults with a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 (P for BMI interaction = .07). Leptin was more strongly associated with ILA among never smokers compared with ever smokers (P for smoking interaction = .004). For every 1-SD increment of log-transformed leptin, the percent predicted FVC was 3.8% lower (95% CI, -5.0 to -2.5). Higher serum resistin levels were associated with greater HAA on CT in a fully adjusted model. For every 1-SD increment of log-transformed resistin there was an increase in H of 14.8 (95% CI, 3.4-26.3). CONCLUSIONS Higher adiponectin levels were associated with lower HAA on CT imaging among adults with a higher BMI. Higher leptin and resistin levels were associated with lower FVC and greater HAA, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S Kim
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA.
| | | | - Anna J Podolanczuk
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Steven M Kawut
- Department of Medicine and the Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Matthew A Allison
- Department of Family and Preventative Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | - Ganesh Raghu
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Eric A Hoffman
- Departments of Radiology, Medicine, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA
| | - Russell P Tracy
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - R Graham Barr
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - David J Lederer
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Jon T Giles
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
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Adiponectin Expression Is Modulated by Long-Term Physical Activity in Adult Patients Affected by Cystic Fibrosis. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:2153934. [PMID: 31582896 PMCID: PMC6754935 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2153934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease characterized by progressive decline of lung function and chronic airway inflammation. Adipose tissue, through adiponectin and leptin, exerts several effects on energy metabolism and inflammatory processes. This study evaluated the levels of adiponectin and leptin in adult healthy subjects, in patients with CF and their correlation with long-term physical activity. CF patients were divided into two groups (sedentary versus active) based on their regular physical activity over 3 years. Anthropometric and serum biochemical profiles of CF patients and controls were evaluated and compared. Total serum adiponectin and leptin levels were measured by ELISA; adiponectin oligomeric profiles were analysed by western blot. Adiponectin levels were significantly higher while leptin levels were lower in patients with CF than in healthy controls. Furthermore, adiponectin was significantly lower in active compared to sedentary CF (p = 0.047), while leptin was slightly increased in active compared to sedentary CF. In addition, C-reactive protein levels were significantly lower in active than in sedentary CF patients (p = 0.048). Interestingly, only in the active group adiponectin levels were inversely correlated with forced expiratory volume (FEV) 1% decrease/year and FEV1% decrease. Moreover, adiponectin levels negatively correlated with lipid profiles. Our findings indicated that regular, long-term physical activity in CF improves respiratory function, metabolism, and inflammation status. These improvements in patients' conditions are associated with immunometabolic processes involving adiponectin, leptin, and C-reactive protein. Therefore, we propose that both adipokines may be a useful biomarker in the evaluation of metabolic and inflammatory status in patients with CF.
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Amarsaikhan N, Tsoggerel A, Hug C, Templeton SP. The Metabolic Cytokine Adiponectin Inhibits Inflammatory Lung Pathology in Invasive Aspergillosis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 203:956-963. [PMID: 31253725 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Systemic immunity and metabolism are coregulated by soluble factors, including the insulin-regulating adipose tissue cytokine adiponectin. How these factors impact detrimental inflammatory responses during fungal infection remains unknown. In this study, we observed that mortality, fungal burden, and tissue histopathology were increased in adiponectin-deficient mice in a neutropenic model of invasive aspergillosis. Lung RNA sequencing, quantitative RT-PCR, and subsequent pathway analysis demonstrated activation of inflammatory cytokine pathways with upstream regulation by IL-1 and TNF in adiponectin-deficient mice with decreased/inhibited anti-inflammatory genes/pathways, suggesting broad cytokine-mediated pathology along with ineffective fungal clearance. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis confirmed increased transcription of IL-1a, IL-6, IL-12b, IL-17A/F, and TNF in adiponectin-deficient mice at early time points postinfection, with a specific increase in intracellular TNF in alveolar macrophages. Although eosinophil recruitment and activation were increased in adiponectin-deficient mice, mortality was delayed, but not decreased, in mice deficient in both adiponectin and eosinophils. Interestingly, neutrophil depletion was required for increased inflammation in adiponectin-deficient mice in response to swollen/fixed conidia, suggesting that immune suppression enhances detrimental inflammation, whereas invasive fungal growth is dispensable. Our results suggest that adiponectin inhibits excessive lung inflammation in invasive aspergillosis. Our study has therefore identified the adiponectin pathway as a potential source for novel therapeutics in immune-compromised patients with detrimental immunity to invasive fungal infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nansalmaa Amarsaikhan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine-Terre Haute, Terre Haute, IN 47809; and
| | - Angar Tsoggerel
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine-Terre Haute, Terre Haute, IN 47809; and
| | | | - Steven P Templeton
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine-Terre Haute, Terre Haute, IN 47809; and
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Estrogenic Compounds or Adiponectin Inhibit Cyclic AMP Response to Human Luteinizing Hormone in Mouse Leydig Tumor Cells. BIOLOGY 2019; 8:biology8020045. [PMID: 31212720 PMCID: PMC6627054 DOI: 10.3390/biology8020045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mouse Leydig Tumor cells (mLTC), transiently expressing cAMP-dependent luciferase, were used to study the influence of sexual steroids and of adiponectin (ADPN) on the cAMP response to luteinizing hormones (LH). While testosterone and progesterone had no significant effect, several molecules with estrogenic activity (17β-estradiol, ethynylestradiol, and bisphenol A) provoked a decrease in intracellular cyclic AMP accumulation under 0.7 nM human LH stimulation. Adiponectin exhibited a bimodal dose-effect on LH response: synergistic between 2–125 ng/mL and inhibitory between 0.5–5 µg/mL. In brief, our data indicate that estrogens and ADPN separately exert rapid (<1 h) inhibitory and/or synergistic effects on cAMP response to LH in mLTC-1 cells. As the inhibitory effect of each estrogenic molecule was observed after only 1-h preincubation, it might be mediated through the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) membrane receptor, but this remains to be demonstrated. The synergistic effect with low concentrations of ADPN with human Luteinizing Hormone (hLH) was observed with both fresh and frozen/thawed ADPN. In contrast, the inhibitory effect with high concentrations of ADPN was lost with frozen/thawed ADPN, suggesting deterioration of its polymeric structure.
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Amarsaikhan N, Stolz DJ, Wilcox A, Sands EM, Tsoggerel A, Gravely H, Templeton SP. Reciprocal Inhibition of Adiponectin and Innate Lung Immune Responses to Chitin and Aspergillus fumigatus. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1057. [PMID: 31134096 PMCID: PMC6524459 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitin is a structural biopolymer found in numerous organisms, including pathogenic fungi, and recognized as an immune-stimulating pathogen associated molecular pattern by pattern recognition molecules of the host immune system. However, programming and regulation of lung innate immunity to chitin inhalation in the context of inhalation of fungal pathogens such as Aspergillus fumigatus is complex and our understanding incomplete. Here we report that the systemic metabolism-regulating cytokine adiponectin is decreased in the lungs and serum of mice after chitin inhalation, with a concomitant decrease in surface expression of the adiponectin receptor AdipoR1 on lung leukocytes. Constitutive lung expression of acidic mammalian chitinase resulted in decreased inflammatory cytokine gene expression and neutrophil recruitment, but did not significantly affect lung adiponectin transcription. Exogenous recombinant adiponectin specifically dampened airway chitin-mediated eosinophil recruitment, while adiponectin deficiency resulted in increased airway eosinophils. The presence of adiponectin also resulted in decreased CCL11-mediated migration of bone marrow-derived eosinophils. In contrast to purified chitin, aspiration of viable conidia from the high chitin-expressing A. fumigatus isolate Af5517 resulted in increased neutrophil recruitment and inflammatory cytokine gene expression in adiponectin-deficient mice, while no significant changes were observed in response to the isolate Af293. Our results identify a novel role for the adiponectin pathway in inhibition of lung inflammatory responses to chitin and A. fumigatus inhalation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nansalmaa Amarsaikhan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine-Terre Haute, Terre Haute, IN, United States
| | - Dylan J Stolz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine-Terre Haute, Terre Haute, IN, United States
| | - Amber Wilcox
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine-Terre Haute, Terre Haute, IN, United States
| | - Ethan M Sands
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine-Terre Haute, Terre Haute, IN, United States
| | - Angar Tsoggerel
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine-Terre Haute, Terre Haute, IN, United States
| | - Haley Gravely
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine-Terre Haute, Terre Haute, IN, United States
| | - Steven P Templeton
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine-Terre Haute, Terre Haute, IN, United States
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Pulmonary Hypertension and Obesity: Focus on Adiponectin. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20040912. [PMID: 30791536 PMCID: PMC6412189 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20040912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension is an umbrella term including many different disorders causing an increase of the mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) ≥ 25 mmHg. Recent data revealed a strong association between obesity and pulmonary hypertension. Adiponectin is a protein synthetized by the adipose tissue with pleiotropic effects on inflammation and cell proliferation, with a potential protective role on the pulmonary vasculature. Both in vivo and in vitro studies documented that adiponectin is an endogenous modulator of NO production and interferes with AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κβ) signaling preventing endothelial dysfunction and proliferation. Furthermore, adiponectin ameliorates insulin resistance by mediating the biological effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ). Therefore, adiponectin modulation emerged as a theoretical target for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension, currently under investigation. Recently, consistent data showed that hypoglycemic agents targeting PPARγ as well as renin–angiotensin system inhibitors and mineralocorticoid receptor blockers may influence pulmonary hemodynamics in different models of pulmonary hypertension.
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40
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Di Zazzo E, Polito R, Bartollino S, Nigro E, Porcile C, Bianco A, Daniele A, Moncharmont B. Adiponectin as Link Factor between Adipose Tissue and Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20040839. [PMID: 30781341 PMCID: PMC6412253 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20040839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is a key regulator of energy balance playing an active role in lipid storage as well as in synthesizing several hormones directly involved in the pathogenesis of obesity. Obesity represents a peculiar risk factor for a growing list of cancers and is frequently associated to poor clinical outcome. The mechanism linking obesity and cancer is not completely understood, but, amongst the major players, there are both chronic low-grade inflammation and deregulation of adipokines secretion. In obesity, the adipose tissue is pervaded by an abnormal number of immune cells that create an inflammatory environment supporting tumor cell proliferation and invasion. Adiponectin (APN), the most abundant adipokine, shows anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic properties. Circulating levels of APN are drastically decreased in obesity, suggesting that APN may represent the link factor between obesity and cancer risk. The present review describes the recent advances on the involvement of APN and its receptors in the etiology of different types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Di Zazzo
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso 86100, Italy.
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples 80131, Italy.
| | - Rita Polito
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta 81100, Italy.
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, Napoli 80145, Italy.
| | - Silvia Bartollino
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso 86100, Italy.
| | - Ersilia Nigro
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta 81100, Italy.
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cardio-Toraciche e Respiratorie, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Napoli 80131, Italy.
| | - Carola Porcile
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso 86100, Italy.
| | - Andrea Bianco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cardio-Toraciche e Respiratorie, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Napoli 80131, Italy.
| | - Aurora Daniele
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta 81100, Italy.
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, Napoli 80145, Italy.
| | - Bruno Moncharmont
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso 86100, Italy.
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Nigro E, Stiuso P, Matera MG, Monaco ML, Caraglia M, Maniscalco M, Perrotta F, Mazzarella G, Daniele A, Bianco A. The anti-proliferative effects of adiponectin on human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells and oxidative stress involvement. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2019; 55:25-30. [PMID: 30654148 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Adiponectin (Acrp30) plays an important role in energy metabolism and inflammation. Recently, in vivo serum Acrp30 levels have been reported to be correlated to risk of developing several types of cancers such as lung cancer, and in vitro studies have demonstrated a role for Acrp30 in the control of cell proliferation and survival. However, the molecular effects of Acrp30 on lung cancer have not yet been clearly defined. In the present study, we investigated the effects of different concentrations of Acrp30 on the A549 human alveolar epithelial cell line, an in vitro model of lung adenocarcinoma. A549 cells were exposed to various concentrations of Acrp30 and successively, proliferation, apoptosis and oxidative stress were evaluated by MTT test, caspase activity assay, flow-cytometry and western blotting analysis. Our results demonstrated that Acrp30 causes, in a time- and dose-dependent manner, a reduction of cell viability and duplication together with an increase in cell apoptosis rate. In addition, we found that Acrp30 induces an increase of lipid peroxidation evaluated by TBARS assay and a concomitant reduction of nitric oxide release, both markers of cellular oxidative stress. Taken together, our data on A549 cells provides new insight into potential involvement of Acrp30 on physio-pathologic mechanisms of lung diseases through interference with proliferation, apoptosis and oxidative status.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Nigro
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Napoli, Italy; CEINGE-Advanced Biotechnologies, Scarl, Napoli, Italy
| | - P Stiuso
- Department of Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Napoli, Italy
| | - M G Matera
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Napoli, Italy
| | - M L Monaco
- CEINGE-Advanced Biotechnologies, Scarl, Napoli, Italy
| | - M Caraglia
- Pulmonary Rehabilitation Unit, ICS Maugeri SpA SB, Institute of Telese Terme, Benevento, Italy
| | - M Maniscalco
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - F Perrotta
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - G Mazzarella
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Napoli, Italy
| | - A Daniele
- CEINGE-Advanced Biotechnologies, Scarl, Napoli, Italy; Department of Environmental, Biological, Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy.
| | - A Bianco
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Napoli, Italy
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Roles of Adiponectin Signaling Related Proteins in Mammary Tumor Development. SOUTHERN CLINICS OF ISTANBUL EURASIA 2019; 30:290-295. [PMID: 32215366 PMCID: PMC7094815 DOI: 10.14744/less.2019.85688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to investigate the expression levels of adiponectin signaling related proteins in mammary tissue, liver and breast cancer tissue in mice. Adiponectin, an adipocytokine, is secreted from adipose tissue and has been documented to have roles in diabetes, inflammation, and cancer development. In particular, levels of serum adiponectin are inversely associated with obesity and a decrease in serum adiponectin levels have been reported to be associated with breast cancer. There are two adiponectin receptor subtypes, AdipoR1 and AdipoR2, which have been identified in mammalian tissues, including human cancer cell lines and also in human mammary tumors. However, the role of adiponectin receptors in breast cancer development remains to be established. Methods In this study, MMTV-TGF-α transgenic mice were fed from week 10 up to week 74 of age. Expression levels of adiponectin, AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 proteins were measured in the mammary fat pad (MFP), mammary tumor (MT) and liver tissues from 74 weeks old MMTV-TGF-α transgenic mice with and without MT using Western Blot. Adiponectin levels were measured using ELISA assay. Results Protein expression levels of Adiponectin and AdipoR1 were significantly lower in MTs compared to control tissues. However, AdipoR2 protein expression levels were similar in MT and MFP tissues from MT-positive and MT-negative mice. The expression levels of adiponectin, AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 proteins in liver tissues were also similar in MT-positive and MT-negative mice. Serum adiponectin levels of the MT-positive and MT-negative mice were similar. Conclusion These results indicate that adiponectin and its receptors are differentially regulated depending upon the specific tissue analyzed. AdipoR1 and adiponectin may play important roles in MT development.
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Barliana MI, Yolanda PD, Rostinawati T, Ng H, Alfian SD, Abdulah R, Diantini A. Polymorphism Of The APM1 Gene In Subjects With Central Obesity Related To Lower High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2019; 12:2317-2324. [PMID: 31807045 PMCID: PMC6842750 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s220050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Central obesity is a risk factor for metabolic syndrome. Subjects with central obesity have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Many conditions affect the prevalence of central obesity, including energy expenditure, aging, proinflammatory conditions, and hormonal, genetic, and ethnic differences. Polymorphism of the APM1 gene, encoding the protein adiponectin, is closely related to metabolic syndrome. Adiponectin influences fatty acid oxidation and glucose intake in muscle. Therefore, variation in the APM1 gene is associated with diabetes and obesity. PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to investigate the correlation of the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the APM1 SNP rs2241766 with body mass index (BMI) and lipid profiles in Indonesian (Bandung) subjects. PATIENTS AND METHODS Genotyping of the APM1 gene was performed using the Amplification Refractory Mutation System. Whole blood and serum of 54 subjects with central obesity (waist circumference [WC] ≥90 cm) and 53 healthy subjects (WC <90 cm) were collected. Measurements of the lipid profile (low-density lipoprotein [LDL], high-density lipoprotein [HDL], and total cholesterol [TC]) and BMI were examined. RESULTS The TT and GT genotype were observed (no GG genotype) in all subjects. The TC, LDL, fasting blood glucose, and BMI did not show a significant correlation between genotype variations of APM1 with central obesity. Otherwise, subjects with central obesity with the TT genotype had lower HDL levels than those with the GT genotype (p = 0.014, significant OR 1.045; 95% CI). CONCLUSION This finding suggests that the T allele of the APM1 SNP rs2241766 is dominant in the Bandung population, and subjects with the homozygous TT genotype have a higher incidence of metabolic disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melisa I Barliana
- Department of Biological Pharmacy, Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
- Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
- Correspondence: Melisa I Barliana Department of Biological Pharmacy, Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung Sumedang KM. 21, Bandung, Jatinangor45363, Indonesia Tel +62 22 8428 8888 Ext 3510 Email
| | - Poppy D Yolanda
- Department of Biological Pharmacy, Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Tina Rostinawati
- Department of Biological Pharmacy, Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Henry Ng
- Department of Biological Pharmacy, Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Sofa D Alfian
- Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Rizky Abdulah
- Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Ajeng Diantini
- Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
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Signoriello E, Lus G, Polito R, Casertano S, Scudiero O, Coletta M, Monaco ML, Rossi F, Nigro E, Daniele A. Adiponectin profile at baseline is correlated to progression and severity of multiple sclerosis. Eur J Neurol 2018; 26:348-355. [PMID: 30300462 DOI: 10.1111/ene.13822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Adiponectin is a cytokine linking energy metabolism and immune system. After being assembled, adiponectin circulates as oligomers of different molecular weight, i.e. low, medium and high (HMW) molecular weight. These have the most potent biological effects. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the human central nervous system. The aim of this study was to characterize the expression levels of both total adiponectin and its oligomerization state in the serum from 99 patients with MS at baseline (i.e. not influenced by therapies). We also investigated the potential relationships between adiponectin and disease progression and severity. METHODS Adiponectin was quantified and visualized by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, western blotting and fast protein liquid chromatography. During the follow-up (3.6 ± 2.20 years), the patients were evaluated using total annualized relapse rate and Expanded Disability Status Scale score. RESULTS Total adiponectin is statistically higher in patients with MS compared with matched controls (12.18 vs. 10.02 μg/mL, P = 0.001). Interestingly, the adiponectin oligomerization state is altered in MS, with an increase of HMW oligomers. In addition, patients with MS with higher levels of adiponectin at baseline have significantly higher risk of progression and severity (Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score, 3.84 vs. 2.44, P = 0.001). No statistical difference in adiponectin expression was found between active and inactive patients with MS and among the different forms of disease. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that adiponectin and its HMW oligomers are greatly involved in MS autoimmune disorder representing a potential biomarker to predict worse MS prognosis and severity. Further studies are required to clarify the molecular mechanisms underlying the properties of adiponectin and HMW oligomers in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Signoriello
- Centro di Sclerosi Multipla, II Clinica Neurologica, Università della Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Napoli
| | - G Lus
- Centro di Sclerosi Multipla, II Clinica Neurologica, Università della Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Napoli
| | - R Polito
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Caserta.,CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, Napoli
| | - S Casertano
- Centro di Sclerosi Multipla, II Clinica Neurologica, Università della Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Napoli
| | - O Scudiero
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Napoli
| | - M Coletta
- Centro di Sclerosi Multipla, II Clinica Neurologica, Università della Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Napoli
| | - M L Monaco
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, Napoli
| | - F Rossi
- Centro di Sclerosi Multipla, II Clinica Neurologica, Università della Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Napoli
| | - E Nigro
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, Napoli.,Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze, della Salute, Università del MoliseCampobasso, Campobasso, Italy
| | - A Daniele
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Caserta.,CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, Napoli
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45
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Nam SY. Obesity-Related Digestive Diseases and Their Pathophysiology. Gut Liver 2018; 11:323-334. [PMID: 27890867 PMCID: PMC5417774 DOI: 10.5009/gnl15557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a growing medical and public health problem worldwide. Many digestive diseases are related to obesity. In this article, the current state of our knowledge of obesity-related digestive diseases, their pathogenesis, and the medical and metabolic consequences of weight reduction are discussed. Obesity-related digestive diseases include gastroesophageal reflux disease, Barrett’s esophagus, esophageal cancer, colon polyp and cancer, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, hepatitis C-related disease, hepatocellular carcinoma, gallstone, cholangiocarcinoma, and pancreatic cancer. Although obesity-related esophageal diseases are associated with altered mechanical and humoral factors, other obesity-related digestive diseases seem to be associated with obesity-induced altered circulating levels of adipocytokines and insulin resistance. The relationship between functional gastrointestinal disease and obesity has been debated. This review provides a comprehensive evaluation of the obesity-related digestive diseases, including pathophysiology, obesity-related risk, and medical and metabolic effects of weight reduction in obese subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Youn Nam
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gastric Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea
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46
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Adiponectin and colon cancer: evidence for inhibitory effects on viability and migration of human colorectal cell lines. Mol Cell Biochem 2018; 448:125-135. [PMID: 29446048 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-018-3319-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Adiponectin (Acrp30) is an adipokine widely studied for its beneficial metabolic and anti-inflammatory properties. Colorectal cancer is among the most common cancers worldwide. The aim of present study was to explore the effects of Acrp30 on both CaCo-2 and HCT116 colorectal cancer cells in terms of viability, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. In addition, since colorectal cancer represents a typical inflammation-related cancer, we investigated whether Acrp30 treatment modifies the migration and the expression of crucial proteins in the EMT transition. Finally, we analyzed the expression of cytokines in CaCo-2 cells. We found that Acrp30 reduces the survival rate of both CaCo-2 and HCT116 cells through induction of apoptosis and oxidative stress already after 24 h of treatment. In addition, wound-healing assay indicated that Acrp30 exposure statistically inhibits CaCo-2 and HCT116 cell migration. Western blot analysis performed on E-cadherin and vimentin, two EMT crucial markers in carcinogenesis, indicated that Acrp30 does not influence EMT transition. Finally, we found a reduction of mRNA levels corresponding to the anti-inflammatory IL-10 cytokine together with an increase of the pro-inflammatory IL-6 and IL-8 cytokines. This study provides new insight into Acrp30 molecular effects on colorectal cancer cells. Indeed, even if further studies are necessary to clarify the precise role of Acrp30 in colorectal cancer, our data strongly suggest that Acrp30 negatively regulates cell survival and migration in association with induction of oxidative stress and regulation of cytokines expression in both CaCo-2 and HCT116 colorectal cells.
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47
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Dobrzyn K, Smolinska N, Kiezun M, Szeszko K, Rytelewska E, Kisielewska K, Gudelska M, Kaminski T. Adiponectin: A New Regulator of Female Reproductive System. Int J Endocrinol 2018; 2018:7965071. [PMID: 29853884 PMCID: PMC5949163 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7965071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin is the hormone that belongs to the group of adipokines, chemical agents mainly derived from the white adipose tissue. The hormone plays pleiotropic roles in the organism, but the most important function of adiponectin is the control of energy metabolism. The presence of adiponectin and its receptors in the structures responsible for the regulation of female reproductive functions, such as hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, indicates that adiponectin may be involved in the female fertility regulation. The growing body of evidence suggests also that adiponectin action is dependent on the actual and hormonal status of the animal. Present study presents the current knowledge about the presence and role of adiponectin system (adiponectin and its receptors: AdipoR1 and AdipoR2) in the ovaries, oviduct, and uterus, as well as in the hypothalamus and pituitary, the higher branches of HPG axis, involved in the female fertility regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Dobrzyn
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland
| | - Nina Smolinska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland
| | - Marta Kiezun
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland
| | - Karol Szeszko
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland
| | - Edyta Rytelewska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kisielewska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland
| | - Marlena Gudelska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Kaminski
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland
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48
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Kang NY, Ivanovska J, Tamir-Hostovsky L, Belik J, Gauda EB. Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia in Premature Infants: The Link Between Low Fat Stores, Adiponectin Receptor Signaling and Lung Injury. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1071:151-157. [PMID: 30357746 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-91137-3_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Premature infants have chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) that increases morbidity, and the youngest and the smallest premature infants are at the greatest risk. The combination of lung injury from inflammation/oxidative stress causing low functional residual capacity combined with frequent short apneas leads to CIH. Adiponectin (APN) is an adipose-derived adipokine that protects the lung from inflammation and oxidative stress. Premature and small for gestational age (SGA) infants have minimal body fat and low levels of circulating APN. To begin to understand the potential role of APN in lung protection during lung development, we characterized the developmental profile of APN and APN receptors (AdipoR1 and AdipoR2) protein and mRNA expression in the newborn rat lung at fetal day (FD) 19, and postnatal days (PD) 1, 4, 7, 10, 14, 21, and 28. Protein levels in lung homogenates were measured by western blot analyses; relative mRNA expression was detected by quantitative PCR (qPCR); and serum high molecular weight (HMW) APN was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: APN protein and mRNA levels were lowest at FD19 and PD1, increased 2.2-fold at PD4, decreased at PD10, and then increased again at PD21. AdipoR1 protein and mRNA levels peaked at PD1, followed by a threefold drop by PD4, and remained low until PD21. AdipoR2 protein and mRNA levels also peaked at PD1, but remained high at PD4, followed by a 1.7-fold drop by PD10 that remained low by PD21. Serum APN levels detected by ELISA did not differ from PD4 to PD28. To date, this is the first report characterizing APN and APN receptor protein and mRNA expression in the rat lung during development. The developmental stage of the newborn rat lung models that of the premature human infant; both are in the saccular stage of lung development. In the newborn rat lung, alveolarization begins at PD4, peaks at PD10, and ends at PD21. Importantly, we found that AdipoR1 receptor protein and mRNA expression is lowest during lung alveolarization (PD4 to PD21). Thus, we speculate that low levels of AdipoR1 during lung alveolarization contributes to the increased susceptibility to developing acute lung edema and chronic lung injury such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in premature human infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Young Kang
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neonatology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Julijana Ivanovska
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neonatology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Liran Tamir-Hostovsky
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neonatology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jaques Belik
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neonatology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Estelle B Gauda
- Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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49
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Boura P, Grapsa D, Loukides S, Angelidou M, Tsakanika K, Syrigos N, Gkiozos I. The prognostic value of serum and bronchoalveolar lavage levels of adiponectin in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer Manag 2017; 6:55-65. [PMID: 30643571 DOI: 10.2217/lmt-2016-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim We aimed to explore the prognostic implications of adiponectin (APN) levels in the serum and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of patients with advanced NSCLC. Materials & methods 29 newly diagnosed patients with stage IV NSCLC were prospectively enrolled. Baseline serum and BAL levels of APN were assayed by ELISA and correlated with various clinicopathological parameters, including overall survival. Results No statistically significant correlations were observed between the serum or BAL levels of APN and the clinicopathological parameters evaluated. The only prognostic factor identified, both by univariate and multivariate survival analyses, was performance status. Conclusion The results of our cohort failed to reveal any prognostic significance of serum and BAL levels of APN in stage IV NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paraskevi Boura
- Oncology Unit GPP, 'Sotiria' General Hospital, Medical School, University of Athens, 11527, Athens, Greece.,Oncology Unit GPP, 'Sotiria' General Hospital, Medical School, University of Athens, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitra Grapsa
- Oncology Unit GPP, 'Sotiria' General Hospital, Medical School, University of Athens, 11527, Athens, Greece.,Oncology Unit GPP, 'Sotiria' General Hospital, Medical School, University of Athens, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Stylianos Loukides
- Oncology Unit GPP, 'Sotiria' General Hospital, Medical School, University of Athens, 11527, Athens, Greece.,Oncology Unit GPP, 'Sotiria' General Hospital, Medical School, University of Athens, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Angelidou
- 3rd Pulmonary Department, Sismanoglio General Hospital, 15126, Athens, Greece.,3rd Pulmonary Department, Sismanoglio General Hospital, 15126, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantina Tsakanika
- Flow Cytometry Unit, Sismanoglio General Hospital,15126, Athens, Greece.,Flow Cytometry Unit, Sismanoglio General Hospital,15126, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Syrigos
- Oncology Unit GPP, 'Sotiria' General Hospital, Medical School, University of Athens, 11527, Athens, Greece.,Oncology Unit GPP, 'Sotiria' General Hospital, Medical School, University of Athens, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Gkiozos
- Oncology Unit GPP, 'Sotiria' General Hospital, Medical School, University of Athens, 11527, Athens, Greece.,Oncology Unit GPP, 'Sotiria' General Hospital, Medical School, University of Athens, 11527, Athens, Greece
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50
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Incidental late diagnosis of cystic fibrosis following AH1N1 influenza virus pneumonia: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2017; 11:278. [PMID: 28964265 PMCID: PMC5623063 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-017-1430-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by chronic progressive multisystem involvement. AH1N1 virus infections caused classic influenza symptoms in the majority of cystic fibrosis patients while others experienced severe outcomes. Case presentation We report a case of late incidental cystic fibrosis diagnosis in a young Caucasian man suffering from respiratory failure following infection due to AH1N1 influenza virus. The patient was admitted to our department with fever, cough, and dyspnea at rest unresponsive to antibiotics Conclusions Late diagnosis of cystic fibrosis in uncommon. This report highlights the importance of early cystic fibrosis diagnosis to minimize risk of occurrence of potential life-threatening complications.
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