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Luo W, Li X, Zhou Y, Xu D, Qiao Y. Correlation between bone mineral density and type 2 diabetes mellitus in elderly men and postmenopausal women. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15078. [PMID: 38956260 PMCID: PMC11219895 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65571-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The relationship between bone mineral density and type 2 diabetes is still controversial. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and bone mineral density (BMD) in elderly men and postmenopausal women. The participants in this study included 692 postmenopausal women and older men aged ≥ 50 years, who were divided into the T2DM group and non-T2DM control group according to whether or not they had T2DM. The data of participants in the two groups were collected from the inpatient medical record system and physical examination center systems, respectively, of the Tertiary Class A Hospital. All data analysis is performed in SPSS Software. Compared with all T2DM group, the BMD and T scores of lumbar spines 1-4 (L1-L4), left femoral neck (LFN) and all left hip joints (LHJ) in the non-T2DM group were significantly lower than those in the T2DM group (P < 0.05), and the probability of major osteoporotic fracture in the next 10 years (PMOF) was significantly higher than that in T2DM group (P < 0.001). However, with the prolongation of the course of T2DM, the BMD significantly decreased, while fracture risk and the prevalence of osteoporosis significantly increased (P < 0.05). We also found that the BMD of L1-4, LFN and LHJ were negatively correlated with homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (P = 0.028, P = 0.01 and P = 0.047, respectively). The results also showed that the BMD of LHJ was positively correlated with indirect bilirubin (IBIL) (P = 0.018). Although the BMD was lower in the non-T2DM group than in the T2DM group, the prolongation of the course of T2DM associated with the lower BMD. And the higher prevalence of osteoporosis and fracture risk significantly associated with the prolongation of the course of T2DM. In addition, BMD was significantly associated with insulin resistance (IR) and bilirubin levels in T2DM patients.Registration number: China Clinical Trials Registry: MR-51-23-051741; https://www.medicalresearch.org.cn/search/research/researchView?id=c0e5f868-eca9-4c68-af58-d73460c34028 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanchong Central Hospital, Nanchong, Sichuan, China.
- Department of Endocrinology, People's Hospital of Leshan, Leshan, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xingzhi Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nanchong Central Hospital, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Yao Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, People's Hospital of Leshan, Leshan, Sichuan, China
| | - Dan Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, People's Hospital of Leshan, Leshan, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Qiao
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanchong Central Hospital, Nanchong, Sichuan, China.
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Kim D, Whang CH, Hong J, Prayogo MC, Jung W, Lee S, Shin H, Kim Y, Yu J, Kim MJ, Kim K, Lee HS, Jon S. Glycocalyx-Mimicking Nanoparticles with Differential Organ Selectivity for Drug Delivery and Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2311283. [PMID: 38489768 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Organ-selective drug delivery is expected to maximize the efficacy of various therapeutic modalities while minimizing their systemic toxicity. Lipid nanoparticles and polymersomes can direct the organ-selective delivery of mRNAs or gene editing machineries, but their delivery is limited to mostly liver, spleen, and lung. A platform that enables delivery to these and other target organs is urgently needed. Here, a library of glycocalyx-mimicking nanoparticles (GlyNPs) comprising five randomly combined sugar moieties is generated, and direct in vivo library screening is used to identify GlyNPs with preferential biodistribution in liver, spleen, lung, kidneys, heart, and brain. Each organ-targeting GlyNP hit show cellular tropism within the organ. Liver, kidney, and spleen-targeting GlyNP hits equipped with therapeutics effectively can alleviate the symptoms of acetaminophen-induced liver injury, cisplatin-induced kidney injury, and immune thrombocytopenia in mice, respectively. Furthermore, the differential organ targeting of GlyNP hits is influenced not by the protein corona but by the sugar moieties displayed on their surface. It is envisioned that the GlyNP-based platform may enable the organ- and cell-targeted delivery of therapeutic cargoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dohyeon Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute of BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hee Whang
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute of BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungwoo Hong
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Multiscale Chiral Architectures (CMCA), KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Monica Celine Prayogo
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute of BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonsik Jung
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute of BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seojung Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute of BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hocheol Shin
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute of BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujin Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute of BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoung Yu
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
- Department of Digital Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, 88, Olympic-ro, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Joong Kim
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
- Department of Digital Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, 88, Olympic-ro, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunggon Kim
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
- Department of Digital Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, 88, Olympic-ro, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Seung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Multiscale Chiral Architectures (CMCA), KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangyong Jon
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute of BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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Jung W, Asaduddin M, Keum H, Son Y, Yoo D, Kim D, Lee S, Lee DY, Roh J, Park SH, Jon S. Longitudinal Magnetic Resonance Imaging with ROS-Responsive Bilirubin Nanoparticles Enables Monitoring of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Progression to Cirrhosis. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2305830. [PMID: 38459924 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202305830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Despite the vital importance of monitoring the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its progressive form, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), an efficient imaging modality that is readily available at hospitals is currently lacking. Here, a new magnetic-resonance-imaging (MRI)-based imaging modality is presented that allows for efficient and longitudinal monitoring of NAFLD and NASH progression. The imaging modality uses manganese-ion (Mn2+)-chelated bilirubin nanoparticles (Mn@BRNPs) as a reactive-oxygen-species (ROS)-responsive MRI imaging probe. Longitudinal T1-weighted MR imaging of NASH model mice is performed after injecting Mn@BRNPs intravenously. The MR signal enhancement in the liver relative to muscle gradually increases up to 8 weeks of NASH progression, but decreases significantly as NASH progresses to the cirrhosis-like stage at weeks 10 and 12. A new dual input pseudo-three-compartment model is developed to provide information on NASH stage with a single MRI scan. It is also demonstrated that the ROS-responsive Mn@BRNPs can be used to monitor the efficacy of potential anti-NASH drugs with conventional MRI. The findings suggest that the ROS-responsive Mn@BRNPs have the potential to serve as an efficient MRI contrast for monitoring NASH progression and its transition to the cirrhosis-like stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonsik Jung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Muhammad Asaduddin
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Hyeongseop Keum
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Youngju Son
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Dohyun Yoo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Dohyeon Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Seojung Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Dong Yun Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Jin Roh
- Department of Pathology, Ajou University School of Medicine, 164 Worldcup-ro, Suwon, 16499, South Korea
| | - Sung-Hong Park
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Sangyong Jon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
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Xia D, Lu Z, Li S, Fang P, Yang C, He X, You Q, Sun G. Development of an Intelligent Reactive Oxygen Species-Responsive Dual-Drug Delivery Nanoplatform for Enhanced Precise Therapy of Acute Lung Injury. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:2179-2197. [PMID: 38476280 PMCID: PMC10929269 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s442727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Acute lung injury (ALI) and its most severe form acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are commonly occurring devastating conditions that seriously threaten the respiratory system in critically ill patients. The current treatments improve oxygenation in patients with ALI/ARDS in the short term, but do not relieve the clinical mortality of patients with ARDS. Purpose To develop the novel drug delivery systems that can enhance the therapeutic efficacy of ALI/ARDS and impede adverse effects of drugs. Methods Based on the key pathophysiological process of ARDS that is the disruption of the pulmonary endothelial barrier, bilirubin (Br) and atorvastatin (As) were encapsulated into an intelligent reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive nanocarrier DSPE-TK-PEG (DPTP) to form nanoparticles (BA@DPTP) in which the thioketal bonds could be triggered by high ROS levels in the ALI tissues. Results BA@DPTP could accumulate in inflammatory pulmonary sites through passive targeting strategy and intelligently release Br and As only in the inflammatory tissue via ROS-responsive bond, thereby enhancing the drugs effectiveness and markedly reducing side effects. BA@DPTP effectively inhibited NF-κB signaling and NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD-dependent pyroptosis in mouse pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells. BA@DPTP not only protected mice with lipopolysaccharide-induced ALI and retained the integrity of the pulmonary structure, but also reduced ALI-related mortality. Conclusion This study combined existing drugs with nano-targeting strategies to develop a novel drug-targeting platform for the efficient treatment of ALI/ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dunling Xia
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zongqing Lu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuai Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pu Fang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chun Yang
- Department of Emergency Intensive Care Unit, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan He
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qinghai You
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gengyun Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
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Jain A, Dawre S. A Comprehensive Review on Prospects of Polymeric Nanoparticles for Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus: Receptors-Ligands, In vitro & In vivo Studies. RECENT PATENTS ON NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 18:457-478. [PMID: 37534486 DOI: 10.2174/1872210517666230803091245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
As per International Diabetes Federation Report 2022, worldwide diabetes mellitus (DM) caused 6.7M moralities and ~537M adults suffering from diabetes mellitus. It is a chronic condition due to β-cell destruction or insulin resistance that leads to insulin deficiency. This review discusses Type-1 DM and Type-2 DM pathophysiology in detail, with challenges in management and treatment. The toxicity issues of conventional drugs and insulin injections are complex to manage. Thus, there is a need for technological intervention. In recent years, nanotechnology has found a fruitful advancement of novel drug delivery systems that might potentially increase the efficacy of anti-diabetic drugs. Amongst nano-formulations, polymeric nanoparticles have been studied to enhance the bioavailability and efficacy of anti-diabetic drugs and insulin. In the present review, we summarized polymeric nanoparticles with different polymers utilized to deliver anti-diabetic drugs with in vitro and in vivo studies. Furthermore, this review also includes the role of receptors and ligands in diabetes mellitus and the utilization of receptor-ligand interaction to develop targeted nanoparticles. Additionally, we discussed the utility of nanoparticles for the delivery of phytoconstituents which aids in protecting the oxidative stress generated during diabetes mellitus. Atlast, this article also comprises of numerous patents that have been filed or granted for the delivery of antidiabetic and anticancer molecules for the treatment of diabetes mellitus and pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arinjay Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKMS, NMIMS, Babulde Banks of Tapi River, Mumbai-Agra Road, Shirpur, Maharashtra, 425405, India
| | - Shilpa Dawre
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKMS, NMIMS, Babulde Banks of Tapi River, Mumbai-Agra Road, Shirpur, Maharashtra, 425405, India
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Yoo D, Whang CH, Hong J, Kim D, Prayogo MC, Son Y, Jung W, Lee S, Lee HS, Jon S. Anti-inflammatory Glycocalyx-Mimicking Nanoparticles for Colitis Treatment: Construction and In Vivo Evaluation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202304815. [PMID: 37310766 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202304815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Common medications for treating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have limited therapeutic efficacy and severe adverse effects. This underscores the urgent need for novel therapeutic approaches that can effectively target inflamed sites in the gastrointestinal tract upon oral administration, exerting potent therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic effects. Here, we report the construction and in vivo therapeutic evaluation of a library of anti-inflammatory glycocalyx-mimicking nanoparticles (designated GlyNPs) in a mouse model of IBD. The anti-inflammatory GlyNP library was created by attaching bilirubin (BR) to a library of glycopolymers composed of random combinations of the five most naturally abundant sugars. Direct in vivo screening of 31 BR-attached anti-inflammatory GlyNPs via oral administration into mice with acute colitis led to identification of a candidate GlyNP capable of targeting macrophages in the inflamed colon and effectively alleviating colitis symptoms. These findings suggest that the BR-attached GlyNP library can be used as a platform to identify anti-inflammatory nanomedicines for various inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dohyun Yoo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hee Whang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungwoo Hong
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Multiscale Chiral Architectures (CMCA), KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dohyeon Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Monica Celine Prayogo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngju Son
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonsik Jung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seojung Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Seung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Multiscale Chiral Architectures (CMCA), KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangyong Jon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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Llido JP, Jayanti S, Tiribelli C, Gazzin S. Bilirubin and Redox Stress in Age-Related Brain Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1525. [PMID: 37627520 PMCID: PMC10451892 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular redox status has a crucial role in brain physiology, as well as in pathologic conditions. Physiologic senescence, by dysregulating cellular redox homeostasis and decreasing antioxidant defenses, enhances the central nervous system's susceptibility to diseases. The reduction of free radical accumulation through lifestyle changes, and the supplementation of antioxidants as a prophylactic and therapeutic approach to increase brain health, are strongly suggested. Bilirubin is a powerful endogenous antioxidant, with more and more recognized roles as a biomarker of disease resistance, a predictor of all-cause mortality, and a molecule that may promote health in adults. The alteration of the expression and activity of the enzymes involved in bilirubin production, as well as an altered blood bilirubin level, are often reported in neurologic conditions and neurodegenerative diseases (together denoted NCDs) in aging. These changes may predict or contribute both positively and negatively to the diseases. Understanding the role of bilirubin in the onset and progression of NCDs will be functional to consider the benefits vs. the drawbacks and to hypothesize the best strategies for its manipulation for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Paul Llido
- Liver Brain Unit “Rita Moretti”, Italian Liver Foundation, Bldg. Q, AREA Science Park, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (J.P.L.); or (S.J.); (S.G.)
- Department of Science and Technology, Philippine Council for Health Research and Development, Bicutan, Taguig City 1631, Philippines
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34139 Trieste, Italy
| | - Sri Jayanti
- Liver Brain Unit “Rita Moretti”, Italian Liver Foundation, Bldg. Q, AREA Science Park, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (J.P.L.); or (S.J.); (S.G.)
- Eijkman Research Centre for Molecular Biology, Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia
| | - Claudio Tiribelli
- Liver Brain Unit “Rita Moretti”, Italian Liver Foundation, Bldg. Q, AREA Science Park, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (J.P.L.); or (S.J.); (S.G.)
| | - Silvia Gazzin
- Liver Brain Unit “Rita Moretti”, Italian Liver Foundation, Bldg. Q, AREA Science Park, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (J.P.L.); or (S.J.); (S.G.)
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Jayanti S, Dalla Verde C, Tiribelli C, Gazzin S. Inflammation, Dopaminergic Brain and Bilirubin. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11478. [PMID: 37511235 PMCID: PMC10380707 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopamine is a well-known neurotransmitter due to its involvement in Parkinson's disease (PD). Dopamine is not only involved in PD but also controls multiple mental and physical activities, such as the pleasure of food, friends and loved ones, music, art, mood, cognition, motivation, fear, affective disorders, addiction, attention deficit disorder, depression, and schizophrenia. Dopaminergic neurons (DOPAn) are susceptible to stressors, and inflammation is a recognized risk for neuronal malfunctioning and cell death in major neurodegenerative diseases. Less is known for non-neurodegenerative conditions. Among the endogenous defenses, bilirubin, a heme metabolite, has been shown to possess important anti-inflammatory activity and, most importantly, to prevent DOPAn demise in an ex vivo model of PD by acting on the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα). This review summarizes the evidence linking DOPAn, inflammation (when possible, specifically TNFα), and bilirubin as an anti-inflammatory in order to understand what is known, the gaps that need filling, and the hypotheses of anti-inflammatory strategies to preserve dopamine homeostasis with bilirubin included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sri Jayanti
- Italian Liver Foundation, Liver Brain Unit "Rita Moretti", Area Science Park, Bldg. Q, SS 14, Km 163,5, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- Eijkman Research Centre for Molecular Biology, Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong 16915, Indonesia
| | - Camilla Dalla Verde
- Italian Liver Foundation, Liver Brain Unit "Rita Moretti", Area Science Park, Bldg. Q, SS 14, Km 163,5, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Claudio Tiribelli
- Italian Liver Foundation, Liver Brain Unit "Rita Moretti", Area Science Park, Bldg. Q, SS 14, Km 163,5, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Silvia Gazzin
- Italian Liver Foundation, Liver Brain Unit "Rita Moretti", Area Science Park, Bldg. Q, SS 14, Km 163,5, 34149 Trieste, Italy
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Cui Y, Wu C, Li L, shi H, Li C, Yin S. Toward nanotechnology-enabled application of bilirubin in the treatment and diagnosis of various civilization diseases. Mater Today Bio 2023; 20:100658. [PMID: 37214553 PMCID: PMC10196858 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Bilirubin, an open chain tetrapyrrole, has powerful antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immuno-suppressive, metabolic-modulating and anti-proliferative activities. Bilirubin is a natural molecule that is produced and metabolized within the human body, making it highly biocompatible and well suited for clinical use. However, the use of bilirubin has been hampered by its poor water solubility and instability. With advanced construction strategies, bilirubin-derived nanoparticles (BRNPs) have not only overcome the disadvantages of bilirubin but also enhanced its therapeutic effects by targeting damaged tissues, passing through physiological barriers, and ensuring controlled sustained release. We review the mechanisms underlying the biological activities of bilirubin, BRNP preparation strategies and BRNP applications in various disease models. Based on their superior performance, BRNPs require further exploration of their efficacy, biodistribution and long-term biosafety in nonhuman primate models that recapitulate human disease to promote their clinical translation.
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10
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Zhang ZJ, Ding LY, Zuo XL, Feng H, Xia Q. A new paradigm in transplant immunology: At the crossroad of synthetic biology and biomaterials. MED 2023:S2666-6340(23)00142-3. [PMID: 37244257 DOI: 10.1016/j.medj.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients require meticulously tailored immunosuppressive regimens to minimize graft loss and mortality. Traditional approaches focus on inhibiting effector T cells, while the intricate and dynamic immune responses mediated by other components remain unsolved. Emerging advances in synthetic biology and material science have provided novel treatment modalities with increased diversity and precision to the transplantation community. This review investigates the active interface between these two fields, highlights how living and non-living structures can be engineered and integrated for immunomodulation, and discusses their potential application in addressing the challenges in SOT clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Jie Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Transplantation and Immunology, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Lu-Yue Ding
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Zuo
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Transplantation and Immunology, Shanghai 200127, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hao Feng
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Transplantation and Immunology, Shanghai 200127, China; Shanghai Institute of Transplantation, Shanghai 200127, China; Punan Branch (Shanghai Punan Hospital), Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.
| | - Qiang Xia
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Transplantation and Immunology, Shanghai 200127, China; Shanghai Institute of Transplantation, Shanghai 200127, China.
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11
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Vitek L, Hinds TD, Stec DE, Tiribelli C. The physiology of bilirubin: health and disease equilibrium. Trends Mol Med 2023; 29:315-328. [PMID: 36828710 PMCID: PMC10023336 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2023.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Bilirubin has several physiological functions, both beneficial and harmful. In addition to reactive oxygen species-scavenging activities, bilirubin has potent immunosuppressive effects associated with long-term pathophysiological sequelae. It has been recently recognized as a hormone with endocrine actions and interconnected effects on various cellular signaling pathways. Current studies show that bilirubin also decreases adiposity and prevents metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. All in all, the physiological importance of bilirubin is only now coming to light, and strategies for increasing plasma bilirubin levels to combat chronic diseases are starting to be considered. This review discusses the beneficial effects of increasing plasma bilirubin, incorporates emerging areas of bilirubin biology, and provides key concepts to advance the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libor Vitek
- Fourth Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Terry D Hinds
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
| | - David E Stec
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Cardiorenal, and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
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12
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Chen E, Wang T, Tu Y, Sun Z, Ding Y, Gu Z, Xiao S. ROS-scavenging biomaterials for periodontitis. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:482-499. [PMID: 36468674 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb02319a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is defined as a chronic inflammatory disease in which the continuous activation of oxidative stress surpasses the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging capacity of the endogenous antioxidative defense system. Studies have demonstrated that ROS-scavenging biomaterials should be promising candidates for periodontitis therapy. To benefit the understanding and design of scavenging biomaterials for periodontitis, this review details the relationship between ROS and periodontitis, including direct and indirect damage, the application of ROS-scavenging biomaterials in periodontitis, including organic and inorganic ROS-scavenging biomaterials, and the various dosage forms of fabricated materials currently used for periodontal therapy. Finally, the current situation and further prospects of ROS-scavenging biomaterials in periodontal applications are summarized. Expecting that improved ROS-scavenging biomaterials could be better designed and developed for periodontal and even clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enni Chen
- Department of Periodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
| | - Tianyou Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yuan Tu
- Department of Periodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
| | - ZhiYuan Sun
- Department of Periodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
| | - Yi Ding
- Department of Periodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
| | - Zhipeng Gu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Shimeng Xiao
- Department of Periodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
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13
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Nocentini A, Bonardi A, Pratesi S, Gratteri P, Dani C, Supuran CT. Pharmaceutical strategies for preventing toxicity and promoting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions of bilirubin. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:487-501. [PMID: 34986721 PMCID: PMC8741241 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.2020773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bilirubin (BR) is the final product of haem catabolism. Disruptions along BR metabolic/transport pathways resulting from inherited disorders can increase plasma BR concentration (hyperbilirubinaemia). Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia may induce BR accumulation in brain, potentially causing irreversible neurological damage, a condition known as BR encephalopathy or kernicterus, to which newborns are especially vulnerable. Numerous pharmaceutical strategies, mostly based on hemoperfusion, have been proposed over the last decades to identify new valid, low-risk alternatives for BR removal from plasma. On the other hand, accumulating evidence indicates that BR produces health benefits due to its potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory action with a significant potential for the treatment of a multitude of diseases. The present manuscript reviews both such aspects of BR pharmacology, gathering literature data on applied pharmaceutical strategies adopted to: (i) reduce the plasma BR concentration for preventing neurotoxicity; (ii) produce a therapeutic effect based on BR efficacy in the treatment of many disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Nocentini
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bonardi
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Simone Pratesi
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, Careggi University, Hospital of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Paola Gratteri
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, Laboratory of Molecular Modelling Cheminformatics & QSAR, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Carlo Dani
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, Careggi University, Hospital of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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14
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Zhong H, Zhang H, Hu Y, He S, Qu H, He J, Chen J, Chen J, Zhang L, Deng C. Self-assembled micelle derived from pterostilbene ameliorate acute inflammatory bowel disease. Int J Pharm 2022; 630:122420. [PMID: 36414187 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PEGylated pterostilbene micelle (PTENPs) with higher bioavailability, biocompatibility, and water solubility were prepared. Then we detected the therapeutic effects in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), together with its potential mechanisms. The anti-oxidant effects and anti-inflammatory effects of PTENPs were determined under in vitro and in vivo conditions. Besides, the cellular toxicity of the PTENPs was determined in vitro, and biocompatibility testing was performed on a colitis mice model to determine its safety. The self-assembled PTENPs showed potency in treating IBD, which was featured by effectively anti-oxidant capacity, inhibition of cellular damages, and an anti-inflammatory role. In addition, PTENPs could inhibit the activation of TLR4, thereby inhibiting the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Meanwhile, it could protect colonic tissues from oxidative damage, which promoted the remission of colonic inflammation with low toxicity. Compared with free PTE, PTENPs could effectively ameliorate acute IBD with low toxicity, which may be related to the inactivation of TLR4, and inhibition of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyao Zhong
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Huanxiao Zhang
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yiwei Hu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Shoukai He
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Huiting Qu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jie He
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jianqing Chen
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jinghua Chen
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Leyao Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuxi Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi 214062, China.
| | - Chao Deng
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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15
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Pareek S, Flegle AS, Boagni D, Kim JY, Yoo D, Trujillo-Ocampo A, Lee SE, Zhang M, Jon S, Im JS. Post Transplantation Bilirubin Nanoparticles Ameliorate Murine Graft Versus Host Disease via a Reduction of Systemic and Local Inflammation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:893659. [PMID: 35720391 PMCID: PMC9199387 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.893659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic stem cell transplantation is a curative immunotherapy where patients receive myeloablative chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy, followed by donor stem cell transplantation. Graft versus host disease (GVHD) is a major complication caused by dysregulated donor immune system, thus a novel strategy to modulate donor immunity is needed to mitigate GVHD. Tissue damage by conditioning regimen is thought to initiate the inflammatory milieu that recruits various donor immune cells for cross-priming of donor T cells against alloantigen and eventually promote strong Th1 cytokine storm escalating further tissue damage. Bilirubin nanoparticles (BRNP) are water-soluble conjugated of bilirubin and polyethylene glycol (PEG) with potent anti-inflammatory properties through its ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species generated at the site of inflammation. Here, we evaluated whether BRNP treatment post-transplantation can reduce initial inflammation and subsequently prevent GVHD in a major histocompatibility (MHC) mismatched murine GVHD model. After myeloablative irradiation, BALB/c mice received bone marrow and splenocytes isolated from C57BL/6 mice, with or without BRNP (10 mg/kg) daily on days 0 through 4 post-transplantation, and clinical GVHD and survival was monitored for 90 days. First, BRNP treatment significantly improved clinical GVHD score compared to untreated mice (3.4 vs 0.3, p=0.0003), and this translated into better overall survival (HR 0.0638, p=0.0003). Further, BRNPs showed a preferential accumulation in GVHD target organs leading to a reduced systemic and local inflammation evidenced by lower pathologic GVHD severity as well as circulating inflammatory cytokines such as IFN-γ. Lastly, BRNP treatment post-transplantation facilitated the reconstitution of CD4+ iNK T cells and reduced expansion of proinflammatory CD8α+ iNK T cells and neutrophils especially in GVHD organs. Lastly, BRNP treatment decreased ICOS+ or CTLA-4+ T cells but not PD-1+ T cells suggesting a decreased level of T cell activation but maintaining T cell tolerance. In conclusion, we demonstrated that BRNP treatment post-transplantation ameliorates murine GVHD via diminishing the initial tissue damage and subsequent inflammatory responses from immune subsets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumedha Pareek
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Alexandra S Flegle
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, United States.,Department of Hematopoietic Biology and Malignancy, Division of Cancer Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Drew Boagni
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, United States.,Department of Hematopoietic Biology and Malignancy, Division of Cancer Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jin Yong Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea.,Institute for the BioCentury, Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Dohyun Yoo
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea.,Institute for the BioCentury, Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Abel Trujillo-Ocampo
- Department of Hematopoietic Biology and Malignancy, Division of Cancer Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sung-Eun Lee
- Department of Hematology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mao Zhang
- Department of Hematopoietic Biology and Malignancy, Division of Cancer Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sangyong Jon
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea.,Institute for the BioCentury, Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jin S Im
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, United States.,Department of Hematopoietic Biology and Malignancy, Division of Cancer Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.,Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Division of Cancer Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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16
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Anti-Oxidative Therapy in Islet Cell Transplantation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061038. [PMID: 35739935 PMCID: PMC9219662 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Islet cell transplantation has become a favorable therapeutic approach in the treatment of Type 1 Diabetes due to the lower surgical risks and potential complications compared to conventional pancreas transplantation. Despite significant improvements in islet cell transplantation outcomes, several limitations hamper long-term graft survival due to tremendous damage and loss of islet cells during the islet cell transplantation process. Oxidative stress has been identified as an omnipresent stressor that negatively affects both the viability and function of isolated islets. Furthermore, it has been established that at baseline, pancreatic β cells exhibit reduced antioxidative capacity, rendering them even more susceptible to oxidative stress during metabolic stress. Thus, identifying antioxidants capable of conferring protection against oxidative stressors present throughout the islet transplantation process is a valuable approach to improving the overall outcomes of islet cell transplantation. In this review we discuss the potential application of antioxidative therapy during each step of islet cell transplantation.
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17
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Stec DE, Tiribelli C, Badmus OO, Hinds TD. Novel Function for Bilirubin as a Metabolic Signaling Molecule: Implications for Kidney Diseases. KIDNEY360 2022; 3:945-953. [PMID: 36128497 PMCID: PMC9438427 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0000062022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Bilirubin is the end product of the catabolism of heme via the heme oxygenase pathway. Heme oxygenase generates carbon monoxide (CO) and biliverdin from the breakdown of heme, and biliverdin is rapidly reduced to bilirubin by the enzyme biliverdin reductase (BVR). Bilirubin has long been thought of as a toxic product that is only relevant to health when blood levels are severely elevated, such as in clinical jaundice. The physiologic functions of bilirubin correlate with the growing body of evidence demonstrating the protective effects of serum bilirubin against cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Although the correlative evidence suggests a protective effect of serum bilirubin against many diseases, the mechanism by which bilirubin offers protection against cardiovascular and metabolic diseases remains unanswered. We recently discovered a novel function for bilirubin as a signaling molecule capable of activating the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) transcription factor. This review summarizes the new finding of bilirubin as a signaling molecule and proposes several mechanisms by which this novel action of bilirubin may protect against cardiovascular and kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E. Stec
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Cardiorenal, and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | | | - Olufunto O. Badmus
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Cardiorenal, and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Terry D. Hinds
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky,Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky,Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
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18
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Liu J, Liu Z, Pang Y, Zhou H. The interaction between nanoparticles and immune system: application in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:127. [PMID: 35279135 PMCID: PMC8917374 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01343-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticle (NP) is an emerging tool applied in the biomedical field. With combination of different materials and adjustment of their physical and chemical properties, nanoparticles can have diverse effects on the organism and may change the treating paradigm of multiple diseases in the future. More and more results show that nanoparticles can function as immunomodulators and some formulas have been approved for the treatment of inflammation-related diseases. However, our current understanding of the mechanisms that nanoparticles can influence immune responses is still limited, and systemic clinical trials are necessary for the evaluation of their security and long-term effects. This review provides an overview of the recent advances in nanoparticles that can interact with different cellular and molecular components of the immune system and their application in the management of inflammatory diseases, which are caused by abnormal immune reactions. This article focuses on the mechanisms of interaction between nanoparticles and the immune system and tries to provide a reference for the future design of nanotechnology for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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19
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Li Y, Li DB, Zhao LD, Lv QB, Wang Y, Ren YF, Zhang WB. Effects of bilirubin on perioperative myocardial infarction and its long-term prognosis in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:1775-1786. [PMID: 35317137 PMCID: PMC8891791 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i6.1775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although bilirubin is known to be an antioxidant, any relationship with coronary heart disease remains controversial. To the best of our knowledge, no previous study has investigated the association between bilirubin and perioperative myocardial infarction (PMI), including its long-term prognosis. AIM To investigate the impact of bilirubin levels on PMI in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and long-term prognosis in post-PMI patients. METHODS Between January 2014 and September 2018, 10236 patients undergoing elective PCI were enrolled in the present study. Total bilirubin (TB) and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) levels were measured prior to PCI and cTnI at further time-points, 8, 16 and 24 h after PCI. Participants were stratified by pre-PCI TB levels and divided into three groups: < 10.2; 10.2-14.4 and > 14.4 μmol/L. PMI was defined as producing a post-procedural cTnI level of > 5 × upper limit of normal (ULN) with normal baseline cTnI. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) included cardiac death, MI, stroke and revascularization during a maximum 5-year follow-up. RESULTS PMI was detected in 526 (15.3%), 431 (12.7%) and 424 (12.5%) of patients with pre-PCI TB levels of < 10.2, 10.2-14.4 and > 14.4 μmol/L (P = 0.001), respectively. Multivariate logistical analysis indicated that patients with TB 10.2-14.4 and > 14.4 μmol/L had a lower incidence of PMI [TB 10.2-14.4 μmol/L: Odds ratio (OR): 0.854; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.739-0.987; P = 0.032; TB > 14.4 μmol/L: OR: 0.846; 95%CI: 0.735-0.975; P = 0.021] compared with patients with TB < 10.2 μmol/L. Construction of a Kaplan-Meier curve demonstrated a higher MACE-free survival time for patients with higher TB than for those with lower TB (log-rank P = 0.022). After adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors and angiographic characteristics, multivariate Cox analysis showed that a TB level > 14.4 μmol/L was associated with a reduced risk of MACEs compared with a TB level < 10.2 μmol/L (hazard ratio 0. 667; 95%CI: 0.485-0.918; P = 0.013). CONCLUSION Bilirubin was a protective factor in PMI prediction. For post-PMI patients, elevated bilirubin levels were independently associated with a reduced risk of MACEs during long-term follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Duan-Bin Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Li-Ding Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qing-Bo Lv
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ya-Fei Ren
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Qilu Institute of Technology, Jinan 250200, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wen-Bin Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
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20
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Kamothi DJ, Kant V, Jangir BL, Joshi VG, Ahuja M, Kumar V. Novel preparation of bilirubin-encapsulated pluronic F-127 nanoparticles as a potential biomaterial for wound healing. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 919:174809. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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21
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McClung JA, Levy L, Garcia V, Stec DE, Peterson SJ, Abraham NG. Heme-oxygenase and lipid mediators in obesity and associated cardiometabolic diseases: Therapeutic implications. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 231:107975. [PMID: 34499923 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Obesity-mediated metabolic syndrome remains the leading cause of death worldwide. Among many potential targets for pharmacological intervention, a promising strategy involves the heme oxygenase (HO) system, specifically its inducible form, HO-1. This review collects and updates much of the current knowledge relevant to pharmacology and clinical medicine concerning HO-1 in metabolic diseases and its effect on lipid metabolism. HO-1 has pleotropic effects that collectively reduce inflammation, while increasing vasodilation and insulin and leptin sensitivity. Recent reports indicate that HO-1 with its antioxidants via the effect of bilirubin increases formation of biologically active lipid metabolites such as epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET), omega-3 and other polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Similarly, HO-1and bilirubin are potential therapeutic targets in the treatment of fat-induced liver diseases. HO-1-mediated upregulation of EET is capable not only of reversing endothelial dysfunction and hypertension, but also of reversing cardiac remodeling, a hallmark of the metabolic syndrome. This process involves browning of white fat tissue (i.e. formation of healthy adipocytes) and reduced lipotoxicity, which otherwise will be toxic to the heart. More importantly, this review examines the activity of EET in biological systems and a series of pathways that explain its mechanism of action and discusses how these might be exploited for potential therapeutic use. We also discuss the link between cardiac ectopic fat deposition and cardiac function in humans, which is similar to that described in obese mice and is regulated by HO-1-EET-PGC1α signaling, a potent negative regulator of the inflammatory adipokine NOV.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A McClung
- Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States of America
| | - Lior Levy
- Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States of America
| | - Victor Garcia
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States of America
| | - David E Stec
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Cardiorenal and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, United States of America.
| | - Stephen J Peterson
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, United States of America; New York Presbyterian Brooklyn Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn, NY 11215, United States of America
| | - Nader G Abraham
- Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States of America; Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States of America.
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22
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Fathi P, Moitra P, McDonald MM, Esch MB, Pan D. Near-infrared emitting dual-stimuli-responsive carbon dots from endogenous bile pigments. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:13487-13496. [PMID: 34477753 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr01295a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots are biocompatible nanoparticles suitable for a variety of biomedical applications. Careful selection of carbon dot precursors and surface modification techniques has allowed for the development of carbon dots with strong near-infrared fluorescence emission. However, carbon dots that provide strong fluorescence contrast would prove even more useful if they were also responsive to stimuli. In this work, endogenous bile pigments bilirubin (BR) and biliverdin (BV) were used for the first time to synthesize stimuli-responsive carbon dots (BR-CDots and BV-CDots respectively). The precursor choice lends these carbon dots spectroscopic characteristics that are enzyme-responsive and pH-responsive without the need for surface modifications post-synthesis. Both BV- and BR-CDots are water-dispersible and provide fluorescence contrast, while retaining the stimuli-responsive behaviors intrinsic to their precursors. Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis revealed that the hydrodynamic size of the BR-CDots and BV-CDots decreased with exposure to bilirubin oxidase and biliverdin reductase, respectively, indicating potential enzyme-responsive degradation of the carbon dots. Fluorescence spectroscopic data demonstrate that both BR-CDots and BV-CDots exhibit changes in their fluorescence spectra in response to changes in pH, indicating that these carbon dots have potential applications in pH sensing. In addition, BR-CDots are biocompatible and provide near-infrared fluorescence emission when excited with light at wavelengths of 600 nm or higher. This work demonstrates the use of rationally selected carbon sources for obtaining near-infrared fluorescence and stimuli-responsive behavior in carbon dots that also provide strong fluorescence contrast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parinaz Fathi
- Departments of Bioengineering, Materials Science and Engineering, and Beckman Institute, University of Illinois, 61801, USA
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23
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Er Saw P. Voice Series: Interview with Prof. Dr. Sangyong Jon, KAIST Chair Professor : Published Online: January 13 2021. BIO INTEGRATION 2021. [DOI: 10.15212/bioi-2020-0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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24
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Keum H, Kim D, Kim J, Kim TW, Whang CH, Jung W, Jon S. A bilirubin-derived nanomedicine attenuates the pathological cascade of pulmonary fibrosis. Biomaterials 2021; 275:120986. [PMID: 34175563 PMCID: PMC8218594 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is an irreparable and life-threatening disease with only limited therapeutic options. The recent outbreak of COVID-19 has caused a sharp rise in the incidence of pulmonary fibrosis owing to SARS-CoV-2 infection-mediated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The considerable oxidative damage caused by locally infiltrated immune cells plays a crucial role in ARDS, suggesting the potential use of antioxidative therapeutics. Here, we report the therapeutic potential of nanoparticles derived from the endogenous antioxidant and anti-inflammatory bile acid, bilirubin (BRNPs), in treating pulmonary fibrosis in a bleomycin-induced mouse model of the disease. Our results demonstrate that BRNPs can effectively reduce clinical signs in mice, as shown by histological, disease index evaluations, and detection of biomarkers. Our findings suggest that BRNPs, with their potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, long blood circulation half-life, and preferential accumulation at the inflamed site, are potentially a viable clinical option for preventing Covid-19 infection-associated pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeongseop Keum
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea; Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dohyeon Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea; Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jinjoo Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea; Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tae Woo Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea; Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chang-Hee Whang
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea; Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Wonsik Jung
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea; Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sangyong Jon
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea; Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Huang X, He D, Pan Z, Luo G, Deng J. Reactive-oxygen-species-scavenging nanomaterials for resolving inflammation. Mater Today Bio 2021; 11:100124. [PMID: 34458716 PMCID: PMC8379340 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2021.100124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediate multiple physiological functions; however, the over-accumulation of ROS causes premature aging and/or death and is associated with various inflammatory conditions. Nevertheless, there are limited clinical treatment options that are currently available. The good news is that owing to the considerable advances in nanoscience, multiple types of nanomaterials with unique ROS-scavenging abilities that influence the temporospatial dynamic behaviors of ROS in biological systems have been developed. This has led to the emergence of next-generation nanomaterial-controlled strategies aimed at ameliorating ROS-related inflammatory conditions. Accordingly, herein we reviewed recent progress in research on nanotherapy based on ROS scavenging. The underlying mechanisms of the employed nanomaterials are emphasized. Furthermore, important issues in developing cross-disciplinary nanomedicine-based strategies for ROS-based inflammatory conditions are discussed. Our review of this increasing interdisciplinary field will benefit ongoing studies and clinical applications of nanomedicine based on ROS scavenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- X. Huang
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Lab of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, China
| | - D. He
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Lab of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, China
| | - Z. Pan
- Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, The Seventh People's Hospital of Chongqing
| | - G. Luo
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Lab of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, China
| | - J. Deng
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Lab of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, China
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26
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Yoo D, Jung W, Son Y, Jon S. Glutathione-Responsive Gold Nanoparticles as Computed Tomography Contrast Agents for Hepatic Diseases. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:4486-4494. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dohyun Yoo
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonsik Jung
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngju Son
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangyong Jon
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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27
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Ahamad N, Kar A, Mehta S, Dewani M, Ravichandran V, Bhardwaj P, Sharma S, Banerjee R. Immunomodulatory nanosystems for treating inflammatory diseases. Biomaterials 2021; 274:120875. [PMID: 34010755 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory disease (ID) is an umbrella term encompassing all illnesses involving chronic inflammation as the central manifestation of pathogenesis. These include, inflammatory bowel diseases, hepatitis, pulmonary disorders, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, pancreatitis, arthritis, periodontitis, psoriasis. The IDs create a severe burden on healthcare and significantly impact the global socio-economic balance. Unfortunately, the standard therapies that rely on a combination of anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive agents are palliative and provide only short-term relief. In contrast, the emerging concept of immunomodulatory nanosystems (IMNs) has the potential to address the underlying causes and prevent reoccurrence, thereby, creating new opportunities for treating IDs. The IMNs offer exquisite ability to precisely modulate the immune system for a therapeutic advantage. The nano-sized dimension of IMNs allows them to efficiently infiltrate lymphatic drainage, interact with immune cells, and subsequently to undergo rapid endocytosis by hyperactive immune cells (HICs) at inflamed sites. Thus, IMNs serve to restore dysfunctional or HICs and alleviate the inflammation. We identified that different IMNs exert their immunomodulatory action via either of the seven mechanisms to modulate; cytokine production, cytokine neutralization, cellular infiltration, macrophage polarization, HICs growth inhibition, stimulating T-reg mediated tolerance and modulating oxidative-stress. In this article, we discussed representative examples of IMNs by highlighting their rationalization, design principle, and mechanism of action in context of treating various IDs. Lastly, we highlighted technical challenges in the application of IMNs and explored the future direction of research, which could potentially help to overcome those challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadim Ahamad
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Abhinanda Kar
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Sourabh Mehta
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India; IITB-Monash Research Academy IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Mahima Dewani
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Vasanthan Ravichandran
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Prateek Bhardwaj
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Shivam Sharma
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Rinti Banerjee
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India.
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28
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Fathi P, Roslend A, Mehta K, Moitra P, Zhang K, Pan D. UV-trained and metal-enhanced fluorescence of biliverdin and biliverdin nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:4785-4798. [PMID: 33434263 PMCID: PMC9297654 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr08485a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Increasing the fluorescence quantum yield of fluorophores is of great interest for in vitro and in vivo biomedical imaging applications. At the same time, photobleaching and photodegradation resulting from continuous exposure to light are major considerations in the translation of fluorophores from research applications to industrial or healthcare applications. A number of tetrapyrrolic compounds, such as heme and its derivatives, are known to provide fluorescence contrast. In this work, we found that biliverdin (BV), a naturally-occurring tetrapyrrolic fluorophore, exhibits an increase in fluorescence quantum yield, without exhibiting photobleaching or degradation, in response to continuous ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. We attribute this increased fluorescence quantum yield to photoisomerization and conformational changes in BV in response to UV irradiation. This enhanced fluorescence can be further altered by chelating BV with metals. UV irradiation of BV led to an approximately 10-fold increase in its 365 nm fluorescence quantum yield, and the most favorable combination of UV irradiation and metal chelation led to an approximately 18.5-fold increase in its 365 nm fluorescence quantum yield. We also evaluated these stimuli-responsive behaviors in biliverdin nanoparticles (BVNPs) at the bulk-state and single-particle level. We determined that UV irradiation led to an approximately 2.4-fold increase in BVNP 365 nm quantum yield, and the combination of UV irradiation and metal chelation led to up to a 6.75-fold increase in BVNP 365 nm quantum yield. Altogether, these findings suggest that UV irradiation and metal chelation can be utilized alone or in combination to tailor the fluorescence behavior of imaging probes such as BV and BVNPs at selected wavelengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parinaz Fathi
- Departments of Bioengineering, Materials Science and Engineering, and Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
| | - Ayman Roslend
- Departments of Bioengineering, Materials Science and Engineering, and Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
| | - Kritika Mehta
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Parikshit Moitra
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Dipanjan Pan
- Departments of Bioengineering, Materials Science and Engineering, and Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA. and Departments of Diagnostic Radiology Nuclear Medicine, Pediatrics, and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland School of Medicine and University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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29
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Zhao YZ, Huang ZW, Zhai YY, Shi Y, Du CC, Zhai J, Xu HL, Xiao J, Kou L, Yao Q. Polylysine-bilirubin conjugates maintain functional islets and promote M2 macrophage polarization. Acta Biomater 2021; 122:172-185. [PMID: 33387663 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Macrophage polarization is one of the main factors contributing to the proinflammatory milieu of transplanted islets. It causes significant islet loss. Bilirubin exhibits protective effects during the islet transplantation process, but the mode of delivering drugs along with the islet graft has not yet been developed. In addition, it remains unclear whether bilirubin or its derivatives can modulate macrophage polarization during islet transplantation. Therefore, this study aimed to develop an ε-polylysine-bilirubin conjugate (PLL-BR) to encapsulate the islets for protection and to explore its macrophage modulation activities. In in vitro studies, the PLL-BR was shown to tightly adhere to the islet surface. It also exhibited enhanced cytoprotective effects against oxidative and inflammatory conditions by promoting M2-type macrophage polarization. In in vivo studies, the PLL-BR-protected islets successfully prolonged the euglycemia period in diabetic mice and accelerated the blood glucose clearance rate by maintaining the insulin secretion function. Compared to the untreated islets, the PLL-BR-encapsulated islets induced anti-inflammatory responses that were characterized by elevated levels of M2 macrophage markers and local vascularization. In conclusion, PLL-BR can be used as a tool for reprograming macrophage polarization while providing a more efficient immune protection for transplanted islets. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Macrophage polarization is one main factor that caused significant loss of transplanted islets. Bilirubin possesses protective effects toward pancreatic islet, but how to deliver the drug along with the islet graft has not yet been harnessed. More importantly, whether bilirubin or its derivatives could modulate macrophage polarization during the host rejections has also not been answered. In this study, we developed an ε-polylysine-bilirubin conjugate (PLL-BR) to encapsulate the islets and explore its role in macrophage modulation activities. PLL-BR could attach to the surface of islets and exerted high oxidation resistance and anti-inflammatory effect. For the first time, we demonstrate that bilirubin and its derivatives effectively promoted the M2-type macrophage polarization, and optimize the immune microenvironment for islets survival and function.
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30
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Bilirubin nanomedicine ameliorates the progression of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by modulating dendritic cells. J Control Release 2021; 331:74-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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31
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Khurana I, Allawadhi P, Khurana A, Srivastava AK, Navik U, Banothu AK, Bharani KK. Can bilirubin nanomedicine become a hope for the management of COVID-19? Med Hypotheses 2021; 149:110534. [PMID: 33640714 PMCID: PMC7881296 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2021.110534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bilirubin has been proven to possess significant anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antiviral activities. Recently, it has been postulated as a metabolic hormone. Further, moderately higher levels of bilirubin are positively associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity. However, due to poor solubility the therapeutic delivery of bilirubin remains a challenge. Nanotechnology offers unique advantages which may be exploited for improved delivery of bilirubin to the target organ with reduced risk of systemic toxicity. Herein, we postulate the use of intravenous administration or inhalational delivery of bilirubin nanomedicine (BNM) to combat systemic dysfunctions associated with COVID-19, owing to the remarkable preclinical efficacy and optimistic results of various clinical studies of bilirubin in non-communicable disorders. BNM may be used to harness the proven preclinical pharmacological efficacy of bilirubin against COVID-19 related systemic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isha Khurana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Prince Allawadhi
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Amit Khurana
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering (CBME), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India; Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science (CVSc), Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500030, PVNRTVU, Telangana, India; Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science (CVSc), Warangal 506166, PVNRTVU, Telangana, India.
| | - Amit Kumar Srivastava
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Umashanker Navik
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151001, Punjab, India
| | - Anil Kumar Banothu
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science (CVSc), Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500030, PVNRTVU, Telangana, India; Department of Aquatic Animal Health Management, College of Fishery Science, Pebbair, Wanaparthy 509104, PVNRTVU, Telangana, India
| | - Kala Kumar Bharani
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science (CVSc), Warangal 506166, PVNRTVU, Telangana, India; Department of Aquatic Animal Health Management, College of Fishery Science, Pebbair, Wanaparthy 509104, PVNRTVU, Telangana, India.
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32
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Creeden JF, Gordon DM, Stec DE, Hinds TD. Bilirubin as a metabolic hormone: the physiological relevance of low levels. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2021; 320:E191-E207. [PMID: 33284088 PMCID: PMC8260361 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00405.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent research on bilirubin, a historically well-known waste product of heme catabolism, suggests an entirely new function as a metabolic hormone that drives gene transcription by nuclear receptors. Studies are now revealing that low plasma bilirubin levels, defined as "hypobilirubinemia," are a possible new pathology analogous to the other end of the spectrum of extreme hyperbilirubinemia seen in patients with jaundice and liver dysfunction. Hypobilirubinemia is most commonly seen in patients with metabolic dysfunction, which may lead to cardiovascular complications and possibly stroke. We address the clinical significance of low bilirubin levels. A better understanding of bilirubin's hormonal function may explain why hypobilirubinemia might be deleterious. We present mechanisms by which bilirubin may be protective at mildly elevated levels and research directions that could generate treatment possibilities for patients with hypobilirubinemia, such as targeting of pathways that regulate its production or turnover or the newly designed bilirubin nanoparticles. Our review here calls for a shift in the perspective of an old molecule that could benefit millions of patients with hypobilirubinemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin F Creeden
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio
| | - Darren M Gordon
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio
| | - David E Stec
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Cardiorenal and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Terry D Hinds
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky
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Xue S, Zhou X, Sang W, Wang C, Lu H, Xu Y, Zhong Y, Zhu L, He C, Ma J. Cartilage-targeting peptide-modified dual-drug delivery nanoplatform with NIR laser response for osteoarthritis therapy. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:2372-2389. [PMID: 33553822 PMCID: PMC7844135 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cartilage-targeting delivery of therapeutic agents is still an effective strategy for osteoarthritis (OA) therapy. Recently, scavenging for reactive oxygen species (ROS) and activating autophagy have been increasingly reported to treat OA effectively. In this study, we designed, for the first time, a dual-drug delivery system based on metal organic framework (MOF)-decorated mesoporous polydopamine (MPDA) which composed of rapamycin (Rap) loaded into the mesopores and bilirubin (Br) loaded onto the shell of MOF. The collagen II-targeting peptide (WYRGRL) was then conjugated on the surface of above nanocarrier to develop a cartilage-targeting dual-drug delivery nanoplatform (RB@MPMW). Our results indicated the sequential release of two agents from RB@MPMW could be achieved via near-infrared (NIR) laser irritation. Briefly, the rapid release of Br from the MOF shell exhibited excellent ROS scavenging ability and anti-apoptosis effects, however responsively reduced autophagy activity, to a certain extent. Meanwhile, following the NIR irradiation, Rap was rapidly released from MPDA core and further enhanced autophagy activation and chondrocyte protection. RB@MPMW continuously phosphorylated AMPK and further rescued mitochondrial energy metabolism of chondrocytes following IL-1β stimulation via activating SIRT1-PGC-1α signaling pathway. Additionally, the cartilage-targeting property of peptide-modified nanocarrier could be monitored via Magnetic Resonance (MR) and IVIS imaging. More significantly, RB@MPMW effectively delayed cartilage degeneration in ACLT rat model. Overall, our findings indicated that the as-prepared dual-drug delivery nanoplatform exerted potent anti-inflammation and anti-apoptotic effects, rescued energy metabolism of chondrocytes in vitro and prevented cartilage degeneration in vivo, which thereby showed positive performance for OA therapy. Collagen type II-targeting peptide and positive surface potential endow RB@MPMW with a fine cartilage affinity ability. RB@MPMW possess superb biological functions of scavenging free radicals and autophagy induction. RB@MPMW effectively promotes chondrocyte mitochondrial energy metabolism in the inflammatory microenvironment. RB@MPMW has a good MR imaging ability, which could monitor its therapeutic effects in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Xue
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Weilin Sang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Haiming Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Yiming Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Yiming Zhong
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Libo Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Chuanglong He
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Jinzhong Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
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Hinds TD, Creeden JF, Gordon DM, Stec DF, Donald MC, Stec DE. Bilirubin Nanoparticles Reduce Diet-Induced Hepatic Steatosis, Improve Fat Utilization, and Increase Plasma β-Hydroxybutyrate. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:594574. [PMID: 33390979 PMCID: PMC7775678 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.594574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The inverse relationship of plasma bilirubin levels with liver fat accumulation has prompted the possibility of bilirubin as a therapeutic for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Here, we used diet-induced obese mice with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease treated with pegylated bilirubin (bilirubin nanoparticles) or vehicle control to determine the impact on hepatic lipid accumulation. The bilirubin nanoparticles significantly reduced hepatic fat, triglyceride accumulation, de novo lipogenesis, and serum levels of liver dysfunction marker aspartate transaminase and ApoB100 containing very-low-density lipoprotein. The bilirubin nanoparticles improved liver function and activated the hepatic β-oxidation pathway by increasing PPARα and acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 1. The bilirubin nanoparticles also significantly elevated plasma levels of the ketone β-hydroxybutyrate and lowered liver fat accumulation. This study demonstrates that bilirubin nanoparticles induce hepatic fat utilization, raise plasma ketones, and reduce hepatic steatosis, opening new therapeutic avenues for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry D Hinds
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Justin F Creeden
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Darren M Gordon
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Donald F Stec
- Small Molecule NMR Facility Core, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Matthew C Donald
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Cardiorenal and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - David E Stec
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Cardiorenal and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
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Er Saw P. BIOI Virtual Academic Series PART 2: Frontiers and Multidisciplinarity in Nanomedicine. BIO INTEGRATION 2020. [DOI: 10.15212/bioi-2020-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Yao Q, Chen R, Ganapathy V, Kou L. Therapeutic application and construction of bilirubin incorporated nanoparticles. J Control Release 2020; 328:407-424. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.08.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Chen SX, Xue F, Kuang Y, Chen S, Sheng D, Chen H. A self-activating nanovesicle with oxygen-depleting capability for efficient hypoxia-responsive chemo-thermo cancer therapy. Biomaterials 2020; 269:120533. [PMID: 33228991 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia-activated prodrugs (HAPs) promise to mitigate side effects of conventional chemotherapy and to enable precise medication treatment. One challenge facing HAPs-based chemotherapy is prodrug failure in normoxic tumor region. However, current strategies to enhance tumor hypoxia rely on delivery of oxygen-consuming agents and external stimulation, which can impede the optimal application of HAPs. Herein, a novel self-activating nanovesicle, TH-302@BR-Chitosan NPs, is constructed by assembling bilirubin-chitosan conjugate (named as BR-Chitosan) with a HAP, TH-302. It is interesting to find that the BR-Chitosan shows the inherent oxygen-depleting performance, especially in the presence of over expressed H2O2 in tumor area, during which the BR-Chitosan can facily transform into biliverdin-chitosan (BV-Chitosan) and subsequently result in the disassembly of nanovesicles to release and activate the prodrug. Thus, this in situ strengthening hypoxia level of tumor can greatly promote the chemotherapy efficacy of HAPs. Moreover, as the oxidation derivatives of BR-Chitosan, BV-Chitosan exhibits intense absorbance at the range from long wavelength of visible region to near-infrared region, which can be acted as an effective photothermal agent for photothermal therapy (PTT). This biodegradable and self-activating nanovesicle with concise formulation demonstrates greatly enhanced synergistic therapeutic outcome in the activatable chemo-thermo combined therapy, showing much promising in future clinical transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Xiong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China; Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Fengfeng Xue
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China.
| | - Yichen Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China; Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Siyu Chen
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, 510000, PR China
| | - Danli Sheng
- Department of Ultrasound, Fudan University, Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
| | - Hangrong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, PR China.
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A bilirubin-conjugated chitosan nanotheranostics system as a platform for reactive oxygen species stimuli-responsive hepatic fibrosis therapy. Acta Biomater 2020; 116:356-367. [PMID: 32927089 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The development of nanoparticles that can be used as stimuli-responsive drug carriers for the treatment of different diseases has been an emerging area of research. In this study, we designed a chitosan-bilirubin micelle (ChiBil) carrying losartan, which is responsive to intrinsic reactive oxygen species (ROS), for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis. Because bilirubin is hydrophobic in nature, its carboxyl group was conjugated to an amine group from chitosan using EDC-NHS chemistry to form an amphiphilic conjugate, ChiBil. Losartan is an angiotensin receptor blocker that reduces hepatic fibrosis, and it was used as the therapeutic payload in this study to form ChiBil-losartan micelles. The release characteristics of ChiBil-losartan were tested by ROS generation to confirm losartan release. Human hepatic stellate cell line LX2 was found to be the best in vitro model for the study. The reduction of hepatic stellate cell activation after treatment with ChiBil-losartan was analyzed based on the expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in both in vitro and in vivo studies. Advanced liver fibrosis was induced in C3H/HeN mice using a thioacetamide (TAA) via intraperitoneal injection and 10% ethanol (EtOH) in their drinking water. In addition, the hydroxyproline levels, histopathological evaluation, and mRNA quantification in the liver showed a decreased collagen content in the treated groups compared to that in the untreated control group. Macrophage infiltration studies and qPCR studies of inflammatory markers also proved the reduction of hepatic fibrosis in the treatment group. The intravenous administration of ChiBil-losartan resulted in decreased fibrosis in a TAA/EtOH-induced liver fibrosis mouse model. The in vitro and in vivo results suggest that the ROS stimuli-responsive ChiBil nanoparticles carrying losartan may be a potent therapeutic option for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis. The combined effect of losartan and bilirubin exhibited a decreased hepatic fibrosis both in vitro and in vivo.
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Fathi P, Pan D. Current trends in pyrrole and porphyrin-derived nanoscale materials for biomedical applications. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2020; 15:2493-2515. [PMID: 32975469 PMCID: PMC7610151 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2020-0125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This article is written to provide an up-to-date review of pyrrole-based biomedical materials. Porphyrins and other tetrapyrrolic molecules possess unique magnetic, optical and other photophysical properties that make them useful for bioimaging and therapy. This review touches briefly on some of the synthetic strategies to obtain porphyrin- and tetrapyrrole-based nanoparticles, as well as the variety of applications in which crosslinked, self-assembled, porphyrin-coated and other nanoparticles are utilized. We explore examples of these nanoparticles' applications in photothermal therapy, drug delivery, photodynamic therapy, stimuli response, fluorescence imaging, photoacoustic imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography and positron emission tomography. We anticipate that this review will provide a comprehensive summary of pyrrole-derived nanoparticles and provide a guideline for their further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parinaz Fathi
- Departments of Bioengineering, Materials Science & Engineering & Beckman Institute, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Mills Breast Cancer Institute, Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Dipanjan Pan
- Departments of Bioengineering, Materials Science & Engineering & Beckman Institute, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Mills Breast Cancer Institute, Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology & Nuclear Medicine & Pediatrics, University of Maryland Baltimore, Health Sciences Facility III, 670 W Baltimore St., Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Department of Chemical, Biochemical & Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Interdisciplinary Health Sciences Facility, 1000 Hilltop Circle Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
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Keum H, Kim TW, Kim Y, Seo C, Son Y, Kim J, Kim D, Jung W, Whang CH, Jon S. Bilirubin nanomedicine alleviates psoriatic skin inflammation by reducing oxidative stress and suppressing pathogenic signaling. J Control Release 2020; 325:359-369. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Two Faces of Heme Catabolic Pathway in Newborns: A Potential Role of Bilirubin and Carbon Monoxide in Neonatal Inflammatory Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:7140496. [PMID: 32908636 PMCID: PMC7450323 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7140496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In an infant's body, all the systems undergo significant changes in order to adapt to the new, extrauterine environment and challenges which it poses. Fragile homeostasis can be easily disrupted as the defensive mechanisms are yet imperfect. The activity of antioxidant enzymes, i.e., superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase, is low; therefore, neonates are especially vulnerable to oxidative stress. Free radical burden significantly contributes to neonatal illnesses such as sepsis, retinopathy of premature, necrotizing enterocolitis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, or leukomalacia. However, newborns have an important ally-an inducible heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) which expression rises rapidly in response to stress stimuli. HO-1 activity leads to production of carbon monoxide (CO), free iron ion, and biliverdin; the latter is promptly reduced to bilirubin. Although CO and bilirubin used to be considered noxious by-products, new interesting properties of those compounds are being revealed. Bilirubin proved to be an efficient free radicals scavenger and modulator of immune responses. CO affects a vast range of processes such as vasodilatation, platelet aggregation, and inflammatory reactions. Recently, developed nanoparticles consisting of PEGylated bilirubin as well as several kinds of molecules releasing CO have been successfully tested on animal models of inflammatory diseases. This paper focuses on the role of heme metabolites and their potential utility in prevention and treatment of neonatal diseases.
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Chung CH, Jung W, Keum H, Kim TW, Jon S. Nanoparticles Derived from the Natural Antioxidant Rosmarinic Acid Ameliorate Acute Inflammatory Bowel Disease. ACS NANO 2020; 14:6887-6896. [PMID: 32449857 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c01018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Rosmarinic acid (RA), one of the most important polyphenol-based antioxidants, has received growing interest because of its bioactive properties, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antibacterial activities. Despite the high therapeutic potential of RA, its intrinsic properties of poor water solubility and low bioavailability have limited its translation into the clinic. Here, we report on the synthesis and preparation of PEGylated RA-derived nanoparticles (RANPs) and their use as a therapeutic nanomedicine for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced acute colitis mouse model. PEGylated RA, synthesized via a one-step process from RA and a PEG-containing amine, self-assembled in buffer to form nanoparticles (RANPs) with a diameter of 63.5 ± 4.0 nm. The resulting RANPs showed high colloidal stability in physiological medium up to 2 weeks. RANPs were capable of efficiently scavenging H2O2, thereby protecting cells from H2O2-induced damage. Furthermore, the corticosteroid drug, dexamethasone (DEX), could be loaded into RANPs and released in response to a reactive oxygen species stimulus. Intravenously administered RANPs exhibited significantly improved pharmacokinetic parameters compared with those of the parent RA and were preferentially localized to the inflamed colon. Intravenous administration of RANPs in DSS-induced colitis mice substantially mitigated colonic inflammation in a dose-dependent manner compared with the parent RA, as evidenced by significantly reduced disease activity index scores, body weight loss, and colonic inflammatory damage. In addition, RANPs suppressed expression and production of typical pro-inflammatory cytokines in the inflamed colon. Furthermore, DEX-loaded RANPs showed enhanced therapeutic efficacy in the colitis model compared with bare RANPs at the equivalent dose, indicating synergy with a conventional medication. These findings suggest that RANPs deserve further consideration as a potential therapeutic nanomedicine for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases, including IBD.
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Yao Q, Sun R, Bao S, Chen R, Kou L. Bilirubin Protects Transplanted Islets by Targeting Ferroptosis. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:907. [PMID: 32612533 PMCID: PMC7308534 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Islet transplantation is an attractive treatment for type 1 diabetic patients. However, transplanted islets suffered from considerable cell death due to inflammatory reactions and oxidative stress. Ferroptosis is a programmed death characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, which has been implicated in the islet loss and dysfunction. Our previous studies showed that bilirubin displayed protection effect for islets by inhibiting early inflammation and oxidative stress. However, whether bilirubin protects islets by targeting ferroptosis has not yet been elucidated. Here, the isolated islet was exposed to ferroptosis-inducing agents with or without bilirubin. Islet viability, insulin secretion, and oxidative stress levels were assessed. Subsequently, the pretreated islets were transplanted into the subrenal site of streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Bilirubin could significantly attenuate ferroptosis in isolated islets, along with reduced oxidative stress, elevated GPX4 expression and upregulation of Nrf2/HO-1. Experimental data also confirmed that bilirubin could chelate iron. In vivo graft study demonstrated that euglycemia was achieved in diabetic mice receiving bilirubin-pretreated islets within 24 hours, while the control islets required at least 7 days. Bilirubin could improve islet viability and function through inhibiting ferroptosis, which could be of clinic interest to apply bilirubin into the islet transplantation system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shihui Bao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ruijie Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Longfa Kou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Bilirubin Improves the Quality and Function of Hypothermic Preserved Islets by Its Antioxidative and Anti-inflammatory Effect. Transplantation 2020; 103:2486-2496. [PMID: 31365475 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000002882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Islet transplantation is a promising option for the treatment of type 1 diabetes. However, the current lack of practical techniques for the isolated islets preservation still hampers the advancement of life-saving islet transplantation. Islet suffers from internal or external stimuli-induced oxidative stress and subsequent inflammation during preservation, which leads to disappointing outcomes regarding islet yield, survival, and function. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction is the primary cause of oxidative stress that induces islet loss and dysfunction. Thus, in this article, we hypothesized that an endogenous antioxidant, bilirubin, that could efficiently scavenge ROS and inhibit inflammatory reactions could be beneficial for islet preservation. METHODS Herein, we studied the effect of bilirubin on the hypothermic preserved (4°C) islets and evaluate the islets viability, insulin secretory function, oxidative stress levels, and in vivo transplantation performance. RESULTS Bilirubin could prevent cellular damages during short-term preservation and maintain the cocultured islets viability and function. The protective role of bilirubin is associated with its antioxidative ability, which dramatically increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase) and decreased the levels of ROS and malondialdehyde. Diabetic mice transplanted with bilirubin preserved islets were normoglycemic for 28 days, even overmatched the diabetic mouse transplanted with fresh islets. Mice receiving bilirubin cocultured islets required the least time to achieve normoglycemia among all groups and exhibited minimum inflammatory responses during the early transplantation stage. CONCLUSIONS By utilizing bilirubin, we achieved highly viable and functional islets after hypothermic preservation to reverse diabetes in mice.
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Chen Z, Vong CT, Gao C, Chen S, Wu X, Wang S, Wang Y. Bilirubin Nanomedicines for the Treatment of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)-Mediated Diseases. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:2260-2274. [PMID: 32433886 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are chemically reactive species that are produced in cellular aerobic metabolism. They mainly include superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radicals, singlet oxygen, ozone, and nitric oxide and are implicated in many physiological and pathological processes. Bilirubin, a cardinal pigment in the bile, has been increasingly investigated to treat cancer, diabetes, ischemia-reperfusion injury, asthma, and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Indeed, bilirubin has been shown to eliminate ROS production, so it is now considered as a promising therapeutic agent for ROS-mediated diseases and can be used for the development of antioxidative nanomedicines. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the physiological mechanisms of ROS production and its role in pathological changes and focuses on discussing the antioxidative effects of bilirubin and its application in the experimental studies of nanomedicines. Previous studies have shown that bilirubin was mainly used as a responsive molecule in the microenvironment of ROS overproduction in neoplastic tissues for the development of anticancer nanodrugs; however, it could also exert powerful ROS scavenging activity in chronic inflammation and ischemia-reperfusion injury. Therefore, bilirubin, as an inartificial ROS scavenger, is expected to be used for the development of nanomedicines against more diseases due to the universality of ROS involvement in human pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhejie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999087, China
| | - Chi Teng Vong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999087, China
| | - Caifang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999087, China
| | - Shiyun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999087, China
| | - Xu Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Shengpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999087, China
| | - Yitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999087, China
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Gordon DM, Neifer KL, Hamoud ARA, Hawk CF, Nestor-Kalinoski AL, Miruzzi SA, Morran MP, Adeosun SO, Sarver JG, Erhardt PW, McCullumsmith RE, Stec DE, Hinds TD. Bilirubin remodels murine white adipose tissue by reshaping mitochondrial activity and the coregulator profile of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:9804-9822. [PMID: 32404366 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.013700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of lipid-burning pathways in the fat-storing white adipose tissue (WAT) is a promising strategy to improve metabolic health and reduce obesity, insulin resistance, and type II diabetes. For unknown reasons, bilirubin levels are negatively associated with obesity and diabetes. Here, using mice and an array of approaches, including MRI to assess body composition, biochemical assays to measure bilirubin and fatty acids, MitoTracker-based mitochondrial analysis, immunofluorescence, and high-throughput coregulator analysis, we show that bilirubin functions as a molecular switch for the nuclear receptor transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα). Bilirubin exerted its effects by recruiting and dissociating specific coregulators in WAT, driving the expression of PPARα target genes such as uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1) and adrenoreceptor β 3 (Adrb3). We also found that bilirubin is a selective ligand for PPARα and does not affect the activities of the related proteins PPARγ and PPARδ. We further found that diet-induced obese mice with mild hyperbilirubinemia have reduced WAT size and an increased number of mitochondria, associated with a restructuring of PPARα-binding coregulators. We conclude that bilirubin strongly affects organismal body weight by reshaping the PPARα coregulator profile, remodeling WAT to improve metabolic function, and reducing fat accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren M Gordon
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA.,Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research (CeDER), University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Kari L Neifer
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Abdul-Rizaq Ali Hamoud
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Charles F Hawk
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Andrea L Nestor-Kalinoski
- Advanced Microscopy and Imaging Center, Department of Surgery, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Scott A Miruzzi
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Michael P Morran
- Advanced Microscopy and Imaging Center, Department of Surgery, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Samuel O Adeosun
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Cardiorenal and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Jeffrey G Sarver
- Center for Drug Design and Development (CD3), Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Toledo College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Paul W Erhardt
- Center for Drug Design and Development (CD3), Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, University of Toledo College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Robert E McCullumsmith
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA.,ProMedica, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - David E Stec
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Cardiorenal and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Terry D Hinds
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA .,Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research (CeDER), University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
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Yao Q, Jiang X, Zhai YY, Luo LZ, Xu HL, Xiao J, Kou L, Zhao YZ. Protective effects and mechanisms of bilirubin nanomedicine against acute pancreatitis. J Control Release 2020; 322:312-325. [PMID: 32243974 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a sudden inflammatory reaction, caused by the activation of pancreatic enzymes in the pancreas, and in severe cases can lead to systemic inflammation and multiple organ failure. Oxidative stress contributed to the further deterioration of inflammation and played an important role in AP development. Bilirubin has been found to exert antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects in a series of diseases accompanied by a high level of oxidative stress. However, the therapeutic effects of bilirubin for AP management have not yet been demonstrated. Additionally, the poor solubility and potential toxicity of bilirubin also limit its application. Thus, we developed bilirubin encapsulated silk fibrin nanoparticles (BRSNPs) to study the protective effects and mechanisms of bilirubin nanomedicine for the treatment of AP. BRSNPs could selectively delivery to the inflammatory lesion of the pancreas and release bilirubin in an enzyme-responsive manner. In the model of AP caused by L-Arginine hyperstimulation, BRSNPs exerted strong therapeutic effects against AP by the reduction of oxidative stress, decreased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and impaired recruitment of macrophages and neutrophils. The mechanism study indicated that BRSNPs protected acinar cells against extensive oxidative damage and inflammation through inhibiting NF-κB pathway and activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Collectively, for the first time, this study demonstrated that bilirubin nanomedicine, BRSNPs, are effective in alleviating experimental acute pancreatitis, and the mechanisms are associated with its inhibition of NF-κB regulated pro-inflammatory signaling and activation of Nrf2-regulated cytoprotective protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province 325035, China
| | - Xue Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province 325035, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province 325035, China
| | - Lan-Zi Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province 325035, China
| | - He-Lin Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province 325035, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province 325035, China
| | - Longfa Kou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China.
| | - Ying-Zheng Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province 325035, China.
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Li CW, Li LL, Chen S, Zhang JX, Lu WL. Antioxidant Nanotherapies for the Treatment of Inflammatory Diseases. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:200. [PMID: 32258013 PMCID: PMC7093330 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are essential in regulating various physiological functions. However, overproduction of ROS is implicated in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory diseases. Antioxidant therapy has thus represented an effective strategy for the treatment of oxidative stress relevant inflammatory diseases. Conventional anti-oxidative agents showed limited in vivo effects owing to their non-specific distribution and low retention in disease sites. Over the past decades, significant achievements have been made in the development of antioxidant nanotherapies that exhibit multiple advantages such as excellent pharmacokinetics, stable anti-oxidative activity, and intrinsic ROS-scavenging properties. This review provides a comprehensive overview on recent advances in antioxidant nanotherapies, including ROS-scavenging inorganic nanoparticles, organic nanoparticles with intrinsic antioxidant activity, and drug-loaded anti-oxidant nanoparticles. We highlight the biomedical applications of antioxidant nanotherapies in the treatment of different inflammatory diseases, with an emphasis on inflammatory bowel disease, cardiovascular disease, and brain diseases. Current challenges and future perspectives to promote clinical translation of antioxidant nanotherapies are also briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Wen Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lan-Lan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian-Xiang Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wan-Liang Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Wang J, Ding L, Zhou J, Ma H, Wu Y, Wang J, Lv X, Liu S, Wang H, Yan Y, Luo N, Li Q, Xu H, Di L, Wu Q, Duan J. Target lipidomics approach to reveal the resolution of inflammation induced by Chinese medicine combination in Liu-Shen-Wan against realgar overexposure to rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 249:112171. [PMID: 31442622 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Liu-Shen-Wan (LSW) is one of the popular over-the-counter drugs in Asia, which contains realgar (As4S4), used for the treatment of upper respiratory tract inflammation and skin infections. However, the safety and potential risk of this arsenic remain unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to determine total arsenic in tissue and investigate effects of regular dose and overdose LSW exposure on rat liver. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used a target lipidomics approach to quantify inflammatory eicosanoids and employed ICP-MS to determine total arsenic in tissue. RESULTS The results showed that oral administration of 8 and 40 mg/kg LSW (1 and 5 fold human-equivalent dose) induced light changes of liver lipidomic profile in rats, which was associated with anti-inflammatory function of LSW. In our recent report, we observed that 41 and 134 mg/kg realgar (40 and 132 fold human-equivalent dose) stimulated rat liver inflammation through up-regulation of pro-inflammatory LOX-derived, CYP-derived HETEs and COX-derived PGs. However, we found that LSW in the form of drug combination, containing 41 and 134 mg/kg realger, could not stimulate these similar inflammatory responses in rats, although the liver total arsenic levels of the realger and LSW groups were same. CONCLUSION The downregulation of pro-inflammatory response showed that the LSW containing realger is safer than realger alone administrated to rats. These results suggested that Chinese medicines combination could reduce realgar-derived arsenic toxicity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of TCM, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Lanfang Ding
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jing Zhou
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of TCM, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Hongyue Ma
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of TCM, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of TCM, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of TCM, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xiang Lv
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of TCM, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shengjin Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of TCM, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Hengbin Wang
- Leiyunshang Pharmaceutical Company. Ltd, Suzhou, China.
| | - Yanqing Yan
- Leiyunshang Pharmaceutical Company. Ltd, Suzhou, China
| | - Niancui Luo
- Leiyunshang Pharmaceutical Company. Ltd, Suzhou, China.
| | - Quan Li
- Leiyunshang Pharmaceutical Company. Ltd, Suzhou, China.
| | - Huiqin Xu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of TCM, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Liuqing Di
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology Research Center of Highly Efficient Drug Delivery System (DDS), Nanjing, China.
| | - Qinan Wu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of TCM, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of TCM, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Wiggins SC, Abuid NJ, Gattás-Asfura KM, Kar S, Stabler CL. Nanotechnology Approaches to Modulate Immune Responses to Cell-based Therapies for Type 1 Diabetes. J Diabetes Sci Technol 2020; 14:212-225. [PMID: 32116026 PMCID: PMC7196865 DOI: 10.1177/1932296819871947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Islet transplantation is a promising curative treatment option for type 1 diabetes (T1D) as it can provide physiological blood glucose control. The widespread utilization of islet transplantation is limited due to systemic immunosuppression requirements, persisting graft immunodestruction, and poor islet engraftment. Traditional macro- and micropolymeric encapsulation strategies can alleviate the need for antirejection immunosuppression, yet the increased graft volume and diffusional distances imparted by these coatings can be detrimental to graft viability and glucose control. Additionally, systemic administration of pro-engraftment and antirejection therapeutics leaves patients vulnerable to adverse off-target side effects. Nanoscale engineering techniques can be used to immunocamouflage islets, modulate the transplant microenvironment, and provide localized pro-engraftment cues. In this review, we discuss the applications of nanotechnology to advance the clinical potential of islet transplantation, with a focus on cell surface engineering, bioactive functionalization, and use of nanoparticles in T1D cell-based treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney C. Wiggins
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of
Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Nicholas J. Abuid
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of
Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Kerim M. Gattás-Asfura
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of
Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Saumadritaa Kar
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of
Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Cherie L. Stabler
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of
Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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