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Park S, Rahaman KA, Kim YC, Jeon H, Han HS. Fostering tissue engineering and regenerative medicine to treat musculoskeletal disorders in bone and muscle. Bioact Mater 2024; 40:345-365. [PMID: 38978804 PMCID: PMC11228556 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The musculoskeletal system, which is vital for movement, support, and protection, can be impaired by disorders such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and muscular dystrophy. This review focuses on the advances in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, specifically aimed at alleviating these disorders. It explores the roles of cell therapy, particularly Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) and Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (ADSCs), biomaterials, and biomolecules/external stimulations in fostering bone and muscle regeneration. The current research underscores the potential of MSCs and ADSCs despite the persistent challenges of cell scarcity, inconsistent outcomes, and safety concerns. Moreover, integrating exogenous materials such as scaffolds and external stimuli like electrical stimulation and growth factors shows promise in enhancing musculoskeletal regeneration. This review emphasizes the need for comprehensive studies and adopting innovative techniques together to refine and advance these multi-therapeutic strategies, ultimately benefiting patients with musculoskeletal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyeon Park
- Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Khandoker Asiqur Rahaman
- Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Chan Kim
- Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojeong Jeon
- Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Seop Han
- Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
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2
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Hu J, Anderson W, Hayes E, Strauss EA, Lang J, Bacos J, Simacek N, Vu HH, McCarty OJ, Kim H, Kang Y(A. The development, use, and challenges of electromechanical tissue stimulation systems. Artif Organs 2024; 48:943-960. [PMID: 38887912 PMCID: PMC11321926 DOI: 10.1111/aor.14808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tissue stimulations greatly affect cell growth, phenotype, and function, and they play an important role in modeling tissue physiology. With the goal of understanding the cellular mechanisms underlying the response of tissues to external stimulations, in vitro models of tissue stimulation have been developed in hopes of recapitulating in vivo tissue function. METHODS Herein we review the efforts to create and validate tissue stimulators responsive to electrical or mechanical stimulation including tensile, compression, torsion, and shear. RESULTS Engineered tissue platforms have been designed to allow tissues to be subjected to selected types of mechanical stimulation from simple uniaxial to humanoid robotic stain through equal-biaxial strain. Similarly, electrical stimulators have been developed to apply selected electrical signal shapes, amplitudes, and load cycles to tissues, lending to usage in stem cell-derived tissue development, tissue maturation, and tissue functional regeneration. Some stimulators also allow for the observation of tissue morphology in real-time while cells undergo stimulation. Discussion on the challenges and limitations of tissue simulator development is provided. CONCLUSIONS Despite advances in the development of useful tissue stimulators, opportunities for improvement remain to better reproduce physiological functions by accounting for complex loading cycles, electrical and mechanical induction coupled with biological stimuli, and changes in strain affected by applied inputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Hu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; University of Massachusetts; Lowell, MA 01854 USA
| | - William Anderson
- Department of Mechanical, Civil, and Biomedical Engineering; George Fox University; Newberg, OR 97132 USA
| | - Emily Hayes
- Department of Mechanical, Civil, and Biomedical Engineering; George Fox University; Newberg, OR 97132 USA
| | - Ellie Annah Strauss
- Department of Mechanical, Civil, and Biomedical Engineering; George Fox University; Newberg, OR 97132 USA
| | - Jordan Lang
- Department of Mechanical, Civil, and Biomedical Engineering; George Fox University; Newberg, OR 97132 USA
| | - Josh Bacos
- Department of Mechanical, Civil, and Biomedical Engineering; George Fox University; Newberg, OR 97132 USA
| | - Noah Simacek
- Department of Mechanical, Civil, and Biomedical Engineering; George Fox University; Newberg, OR 97132 USA
| | - Helen H. Vu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Oregon Health & Science University; Portland, OR 97239 USA
| | - Owen J.T. McCarty
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Oregon Health & Science University; Portland, OR 97239 USA
- Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology; Oregon Health & Science University; Portland, OR 97201 USA
| | - Hoyeon Kim
- Department of Engineering; Loyola University Maryland; Baltimore, MD 21210 USA
| | - Youngbok (Abraham) Kang
- Department of Mechanical, Civil, and Biomedical Engineering; George Fox University; Newberg, OR 97132 USA
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Huang Y, Yao K, Zhang Q, Huang X, Chen Z, Zhou Y, Yu X. Bioelectronics for electrical stimulation: materials, devices and biomedical applications. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:8632-8712. [PMID: 39132912 DOI: 10.1039/d4cs00413b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Bioelectronics is a hot research topic, yet an important tool, as it facilitates the creation of advanced medical devices that interact with biological systems to effectively diagnose, monitor and treat a broad spectrum of health conditions. Electrical stimulation (ES) is a pivotal technique in bioelectronics, offering a precise, non-pharmacological means to modulate and control biological processes across molecular, cellular, tissue, and organ levels. This method holds the potential to restore or enhance physiological functions compromised by diseases or injuries by integrating sophisticated electrical signals, device interfaces, and designs tailored to specific biological mechanisms. This review explains the mechanisms by which ES influences cellular behaviors, introduces the essential stimulation principles, discusses the performance requirements for optimal ES systems, and highlights the representative applications. From this review, we can realize the potential of ES based bioelectronics in therapy, regenerative medicine and rehabilitation engineering technologies, ranging from tissue engineering to neurological technologies, and the modulation of cardiovascular and cognitive functions. This review underscores the versatility of ES in various biomedical contexts and emphasizes the need to adapt to complex biological and clinical landscapes it addresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kuanming Yao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xingcan Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhenlin Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Xinge Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Khodabukus A, Prabhu NK, Roberts T, Buldo M, Detwiler A, Fralish ZD, Kondash ME, Truskey GA, Koves TR, Bursac N. Bioengineered Model of Human LGMD2B Skeletal Muscle Reveals Roles of Intracellular Calcium Overload in Contractile and Metabolic Dysfunction in Dysferlinopathy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2400188. [PMID: 38887849 PMCID: PMC11336985 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202400188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Dysferlin is a multi-functional protein that regulates membrane resealing, calcium homeostasis, and lipid metabolism in skeletal muscle. Genetic loss of dysferlin results in limb girdle muscular dystrophy 2B/2R (LGMD2B/2R) and other dysferlinopathies - rare untreatable muscle diseases that lead to permanent loss of ambulation in humans. The mild disease severity in dysferlin-deficient mice and diverse genotype-phenotype relationships in LGMD2B patients have prompted the development of new in vitro models for personalized studies of dysferlinopathy. Here the first 3-D tissue-engineered hiPSC-derived skeletal muscle ("myobundle") model of LGMD2B is described that exhibits compromised contractile function, calcium-handling, and membrane repair, and transcriptomic changes indicative of impaired oxidative metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction. In response to the fatty acid (FA) challenge, LGMD2B myobundles display mitochondrial deficits and intracellular lipid droplet (LD) accumulation. Treatment with the ryanodine receptor (RyR) inhibitor dantrolene or the dissociative glucocorticoid vamorolone restores LGMD2B contractility, improves membrane repair, and reduces LD accumulation. Lastly, it is demonstrated that chemically induced chronic RyR leak in healthy myobundles phenocopies LGMD2B contractile and metabolic deficit, but not the loss of membrane repair capacity. Together, these results implicate intramyocellular Ca2+ leak as a critical driver of dysferlinopathic phenotype and validate the myobundle system as a platform to study LGMD2B pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Neel K. Prabhu
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringDuke UniversityDurhamNC27708USA
| | - Taylor Roberts
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringDuke UniversityDurhamNC27708USA
| | - Meghan Buldo
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringDuke UniversityDurhamNC27708USA
| | - Amber Detwiler
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringDuke UniversityDurhamNC27708USA
| | | | - Megan E. Kondash
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringDuke UniversityDurhamNC27708USA
| | | | - Timothy R. Koves
- Duke Molecular Physiology InstituteDuke UniversityDurhamNC27708USA
| | - Nenad Bursac
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringDuke UniversityDurhamNC27708USA
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Valente S, Galanti A, Maghin E, Najdi N, Piccoli M, Gobbo P. Matching Together Living Cells and Prototissues: Will There Be Chemistry? Chembiochem 2024:e202400378. [PMID: 39031571 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202400378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Scientific advancements in bottom-up synthetic biology have led to the development of numerous models of synthetic cells, or protocells. To date, research has mainly focused on increasing the (bio)chemical complexity of these bioinspired micro-compartmentalized systems, yet the successful integration of protocells with living cells remains one of the major challenges in bottom-up synthetic biology. In this review, we aim to summarize the current state of the art in hybrid protocell/living cell and prototissue/living cell systems. Inspired by recent breakthroughs in tissue engineering, we review the chemical, bio-chemical, and mechano-chemical aspects that hold promise for achieving an effective integration of non-living and living matter. The future production of fully integrated protocell/living cell systems and increasingly complex prototissue/living tissue systems not only has the potential to revolutionize the field of tissue engineering, but also paves the way for new technologies in (bio)sensing, personalized therapy, and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Valente
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Agostino Galanti
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Edoardo Maghin
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127, Padova, Italy
| | - Nahid Najdi
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Martina Piccoli
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127, Padova, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Gobbo
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Unit of Trieste, Via G. Giusti 9, 50121, Firenze, Italy
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Couturier N, Hörner SJ, Nürnberg E, Joazeiro C, Hafner M, Rudolf R. Aberrant evoked calcium signaling and nAChR cluster morphology in a SOD1 D90A hiPSC-derived neuromuscular model. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1429759. [PMID: 38966427 PMCID: PMC11222430 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1429759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neuromuscular disorder that is due to mutations in one of several target genes, including SOD1. So far, clinical records, rodent studies, and in vitro models have yielded arguments for either a primary motor neuron disease, or a pleiotropic pathogenesis of ALS. While mouse models lack the human origin, in vitro models using human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) have been recently developed for addressing ALS pathogenesis. In spite of improvements regarding the generation of muscle cells from hiPSC, the degree of maturation of muscle cells resulting from these protocols has remained limited. To fill these shortcomings, we here present a new protocol for an enhanced myotube differentiation from hiPSC with the option of further maturation upon coculture with hiPSC-derived motor neurons. The described model is the first to yield a combination of key myogenic maturation features that are consistent sarcomeric organization in association with complex nAChR clusters in myotubes derived from control hiPSC. In this model, myotubes derived from hiPSC carrying the SOD1 D90A mutation had reduced expression of myogenic markers, lack of sarcomeres, morphologically different nAChR clusters, and an altered nAChR-dependent Ca2+ response compared to control myotubes. Notably, trophic support provided by control hiPSC-derived motor neurons reduced nAChR cluster differences between control and SOD1 D90A myotubes. In summary, a novel hiPSC-derived neuromuscular model yields evidence for both muscle-intrinsic and nerve-dependent aspects of neuromuscular dysfunction in SOD1-based ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Couturier
- CeMOS, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sarah Janice Hörner
- CeMOS, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elina Nürnberg
- CeMOS, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Claudio Joazeiro
- Center for Molecular Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mathias Hafner
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Medical Technology, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences and Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Rudolf
- CeMOS, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Medical Technology, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences and Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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7
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Baumert P, Mäntyselkä S, Schönfelder M, Heiber M, Jacobs MJ, Swaminathan A, Minderis P, Dirmontas M, Kleigrewe K, Meng C, Gigl M, Ahmetov II, Venckunas T, Degens H, Ratkevicius A, Hulmi JJ, Wackerhage H. Skeletal muscle hypertrophy rewires glucose metabolism: An experimental investigation and systematic review. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2024; 15:989-1002. [PMID: 38742477 PMCID: PMC11154753 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proliferating cancer cells shift their metabolism towards glycolysis, even in the presence of oxygen, to especially generate glycolytic intermediates as substrates for anabolic reactions. We hypothesize that a similar metabolic remodelling occurs during skeletal muscle hypertrophy. METHODS We used mass spectrometry in hypertrophying C2C12 myotubes in vitro and plantaris mouse muscle in vivo and assessed metabolomic changes and the incorporation of the [U-13C6]glucose tracer. We performed enzyme inhibition of the key serine synthesis pathway enzyme phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (Phgdh) for further mechanistic analysis and conducted a systematic review to align any changes in metabolomics during muscle growth with published findings. Finally, the UK Biobank was used to link the findings to population level. RESULTS The metabolomics analysis in myotubes revealed insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1)-induced altered metabolite concentrations in anabolic pathways such as pentose phosphate (ribose-5-phosphate/ribulose-5-phosphate: +40%; P = 0.01) and serine synthesis pathway (serine: -36.8%; P = 0.009). Like the hypertrophy stimulation with IGF-1 in myotubes in vitro, the concentration of the dipeptide l-carnosine was decreased by 26.6% (P = 0.001) during skeletal muscle growth in vivo. However, phosphorylated sugar (glucose-6-phosphate, fructose-6-phosphate or glucose-1-phosphate) decreased by 32.2% (P = 0.004) in the overloaded muscle in vivo while increasing in the IGF-1-stimulated myotubes in vitro. The systematic review revealed that 10 metabolites linked to muscle hypertrophy were directly associated with glycolysis and its interconnected anabolic pathways. We demonstrated that labelled carbon from [U-13C6]glucose is increasingly incorporated by ~13% (P = 0.001) into the non-essential amino acids in hypertrophying myotubes, which is accompanied by an increased depletion of media serine (P = 0.006). The inhibition of Phgdh suppressed muscle protein synthesis in growing myotubes by 58.1% (P < 0.001), highlighting the importance of the serine synthesis pathway for maintaining muscle size. Utilizing data from the UK Biobank (n = 450 243), we then discerned genetic variations linked to the serine synthesis pathway (PHGDH and PSPH) and to its downstream enzyme (SHMT1), revealing their association with appendicular lean mass in humans (P < 5.0e-8). CONCLUSIONS Understanding the mechanisms that regulate skeletal muscle mass will help in developing effective treatments for muscle weakness. Our results provide evidence for the metabolic rewiring of glycolytic intermediates into anabolic pathways during muscle growth, such as in serine synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Baumert
- School of Medicine and HealthTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise SciencesLiverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpoolUK
- Research Unit for Orthopaedic Sports Medicine and Injury Prevention (OSMI)UMIT TIROL ‐ Private University for Health Sciences and Health TechnologyInnsbruckAustria
| | - Sakari Mäntyselkä
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, NeuroMuscular Research CenterUniversity of JyväskyläJyväskyläFinland
| | - Martin Schönfelder
- School of Medicine and HealthTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany
| | - Marie Heiber
- School of Medicine and HealthTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany
- Institute of Sport ScienceUniversity of the Bundeswehr MunichNeubibergGermany
| | - Mika Jos Jacobs
- School of Medicine and HealthTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany
| | - Anandini Swaminathan
- Institute of Sport Science and InnovationsLithuanian Sports UniversityKaunasLithuania
| | - Petras Minderis
- Institute of Sport Science and InnovationsLithuanian Sports UniversityKaunasLithuania
| | - Mantas Dirmontas
- Department of Health Promotion and RehabilitationLithuanian Sports UniversityKaunasLithuania
| | - Karin Kleigrewe
- Bavarian Center for Biomolecular Mass SpectrometryTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany
| | - Chen Meng
- Bavarian Center for Biomolecular Mass SpectrometryTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany
| | - Michael Gigl
- Bavarian Center for Biomolecular Mass SpectrometryTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany
| | - Ildus I. Ahmetov
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise SciencesLiverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpoolUK
| | - Tomas Venckunas
- Institute of Sport Science and InnovationsLithuanian Sports UniversityKaunasLithuania
| | - Hans Degens
- Institute of Sport Science and InnovationsLithuanian Sports UniversityKaunasLithuania
- Department of Life SciencesManchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterUK
| | - Aivaras Ratkevicius
- Institute of Sport Science and InnovationsLithuanian Sports UniversityKaunasLithuania
- Sports and Exercise Medicine CentreQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Juha J. Hulmi
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, NeuroMuscular Research CenterUniversity of JyväskyläJyväskyläFinland
| | - Henning Wackerhage
- School of Medicine and HealthTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany
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Kawecki NS, Chen KK, Smith CS, Xie Q, Cohen JM, Rowat AC. Scalable Processes for Culturing Meat Using Edible Scaffolds. Annu Rev Food Sci Technol 2024; 15:241-264. [PMID: 38211941 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-food-072023-034451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
There is increasing consumer demand for alternative animal protein products that are delicious and sustainably produced to address concerns about the impacts of mass-produced meat on human and planetary health. Cultured meat has the potential to provide a source of nutritious dietary protein that both is palatable and has reduced environmental impact. However, strategies to support the production of cultured meats at the scale required for food consumption will be critical. In this review, we discuss the current challenges and opportunities of using edible scaffolds for scaling up the production of cultured meat. We provide an overview of different types of edible scaffolds, scaffold fabrication techniques, and common scaffold materials. Finally, we highlight potential advantages of using edible scaffolds to advance cultured meat production by accelerating cell growth and differentiation, providing structure to build complex 3D tissues, and enhancing the nutritional and sensory properties of cultured meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Stephanie Kawecki
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA;
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kathleen K Chen
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA;
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Corinne S Smith
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA;
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Qingwen Xie
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA;
| | - Julian M Cohen
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA;
| | - Amy C Rowat
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA;
- Broad Stem Cell Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
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9
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Osonoi S, Takebe T. Organoid-guided precision hepatology for metabolic liver disease. J Hepatol 2024; 80:805-821. [PMID: 38237864 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2024.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease affects millions of people worldwide. Progress towards a definitive cure has been incremental and treatment is currently limited to lifestyle modification. Hepatocyte-specific lipid accumulation is the main trigger of lipotoxic events, driving inflammation and fibrosis. The underlying pathology is extraordinarily heterogenous, and the manifestations of steatohepatitis are markedly influenced by metabolic communications across non-hepatic organs. Synthetic human tissue models have emerged as powerful platforms to better capture the mechanistic diversity in disease progression, while preserving person-specific genetic traits. In this review, we will outline current research efforts focused on integrating multiple synthetic tissue models of key metabolic organs, with an emphasis on organoid-based systems. By combining functional genomics and population-scale en masse profiling methodologies, human tissues derived from patients can provide insights into personalised genetic, transcriptional, biochemical, and metabolic states. These collective efforts will advance our understanding of steatohepatitis and guide the development of rational solutions for mechanism-directed diagnostic and therapeutic investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Osonoi
- Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine (CuSTOM), Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, 036-8562, Japan
| | - Takanori Takebe
- Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine (CuSTOM), Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; WPI Premium Institute for Human Metaverse Medicine (WPI-PRIMe) and Department of Genome Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan; Institute of Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8510, Japan; Communication Design Center, Advanced Medical Research Center, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan.
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10
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Dreher SI, Grubba P, von Toerne C, Moruzzi A, Maurer J, Goj T, Birkenfeld AL, Peter A, Loskill P, Hauck SM, Weigert C. IGF1 promotes human myotube differentiation toward a mature metabolic and contractile phenotype. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C1462-C1481. [PMID: 38690930 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00654.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle mediates the beneficial effects of exercise, thereby improving insulin sensitivity and reducing the risk for type 2 diabetes. Current human skeletal muscle models in vitro are incapable of fully recapitulating its physiological functions especially muscle contractility. By supplementation of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), a growth factor secreted by myofibers in vivo, we aimed to overcome these limitations. We monitored the differentiation process starting from primary human CD56-positive myoblasts in the presence/absence of IGF1 in serum-free medium in daily collected samples for 10 days. IGF1-supported differentiation formed thicker multinucleated myotubes showing physiological contraction upon electrical pulse stimulation (EPS) following day 6. Myotubes without IGF1 were almost incapable of contraction. IGF1 treatment shifted the proteome toward skeletal muscle-specific proteins that contribute to myofibril and sarcomere assembly, striated muscle contraction, and ATP production. Elevated PPARGC1A, MYH7, and reduced MYH1/2 suggest a more oxidative phenotype further demonstrated by higher abundance of proteins of the respiratory chain and elevated mitochondrial respiration. IGF1-treatment also upregulated glucose transporter (GLUT)4 and increased insulin-dependent glucose uptake compared with myotubes differentiated without IGF1. To conclude, addition of IGF1 to serum-free medium significantly improves the differentiation of human myotubes that showed enhanced myofibril formation, response to electrical pulse stimulation, oxidative respiratory capacity, and glucose metabolism overcoming limitations of previous standards. This novel protocol enables investigation of muscular exercise on a molecular level.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Human skeletal muscle models are highly valuable to study how exercise prevents type 2 diabetes without invasive biopsies. Current models did not fully recapitulate the function of skeletal muscle especially during exercise. By supplementing insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), the authors developed a functional human skeletal muscle model characterized by inducible contractility and increased oxidative and insulin-sensitive metabolism. The novel protocol overcomes the limitations of previous standards and enables investigation of exercise on a molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon I Dreher
- Department for Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Paul Grubba
- Department for Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christine von Toerne
- Metabolomics and Proteomics Core Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Alessia Moruzzi
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, Reutlingen, Germany
- Department for Microphysiological Systems, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jennifer Maurer
- Department for Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Goj
- Department for Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Andreas L Birkenfeld
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Zentrum München, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Peter
- Department for Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Zentrum München, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter Loskill
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, Reutlingen, Germany
- Department for Microphysiological Systems, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stefanie M Hauck
- Metabolomics and Proteomics Core Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Cora Weigert
- Department for Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Zentrum München, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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11
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Farhang Doost N, Srivastava SK. A Comprehensive Review of Organ-on-a-Chip Technology and Its Applications. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:225. [PMID: 38785699 PMCID: PMC11118005 DOI: 10.3390/bios14050225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Organ-on-a-chip (OOC) is an emerging technology that simulates an artificial organ within a microfluidic cell culture chip. Current cell biology research focuses on in vitro cell cultures due to various limitations of in vivo testing. Unfortunately, in-vitro cell culturing fails to provide an accurate microenvironment, and in vivo cell culturing is expensive and has historically been a source of ethical controversy. OOC aims to overcome these shortcomings and provide the best of both in vivo and in vitro cell culture research. The critical component of the OOC design is utilizing microfluidics to ensure a stable concentration gradient, dynamic mechanical stress modeling, and accurate reconstruction of a cellular microenvironment. OOC also has the advantage of complete observation and control of the system, which is impossible to recreate in in-vivo research. Multiple throughputs, channels, membranes, and chambers are constructed in a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) array to simulate various organs on a chip. Various experiments can be performed utilizing OOC technology, including drug delivery research and toxicology. Current technological expansions involve multiple organ microenvironments on a single chip, allowing for studying inter-tissue interactions. Other developments in the OOC technology include finding a more suitable material as a replacement for PDMS and minimizing artefactual error and non-translatable differences.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soumya K. Srivastava
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA;
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12
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Bersini S, Arrigoni C, Talò G, Candrian C, Moretti M. Complex or not too complex? One size does not fit all in next generation microphysiological systems. iScience 2024; 27:109199. [PMID: 38433912 PMCID: PMC10904982 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In the attempt to overcome the increasingly recognized shortcomings of existing in vitro and in vivo models, researchers have started to implement alternative models, including microphysiological systems. First examples were represented by 2.5D systems, such as microfluidic channels covered by cell monolayers as blood vessel replicates. In recent years, increasingly complex microphysiological systems have been developed, up to multi-organ on chip systems, connecting different 3D tissues in the same device. However, such an increase in model complexity raises several questions about their exploitation and implementation into industrial and clinical applications, ranging from how to improve their reproducibility, robustness, and reliability to how to meaningfully and efficiently analyze the huge amount of heterogeneous datasets emerging from these devices. Considering the multitude of envisaged applications for microphysiological systems, it appears now necessary to tailor their complexity on the intended purpose, being academic or industrial, and possibly combine results deriving from differently complex stages to increase their predictive power.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Bersini
- Regenerative Medicine Technologies Lab, Laboratories for Translational Research, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, via Chiesa 5, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Service of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Surgery, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, via Tesserete 46, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
- Euler Institute, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana (USI), via Buffi 13, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Chiara Arrigoni
- Regenerative Medicine Technologies Lab, Laboratories for Translational Research, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, via Chiesa 5, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Service of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Surgery, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, via Tesserete 46, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
- Euler Institute, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana (USI), via Buffi 13, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Talò
- Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, IRCCS Ospedale Galeazzi – Sant’Ambrogio, via Cristina Belgioioso 173, 20157 Milano, Italy
| | - Christian Candrian
- Service of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Surgery, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, via Tesserete 46, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
- Euler Institute, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana (USI), via Buffi 13, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Matteo Moretti
- Regenerative Medicine Technologies Lab, Laboratories for Translational Research, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, via Chiesa 5, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Service of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Surgery, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, via Tesserete 46, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
- Euler Institute, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana (USI), via Buffi 13, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
- Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, IRCCS Ospedale Galeazzi – Sant’Ambrogio, via Cristina Belgioioso 173, 20157 Milano, Italy
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13
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Liu H, Ji X, Guo Z, Wei X, Fan J, Shi P, Pu X, Gong F, Xu L. A high-current hydrogel generator with engineered mechanoionic asymmetry. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1494. [PMID: 38374305 PMCID: PMC10876576 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45931-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Mechanoelectrical energy conversion is a potential solution for the power supply of miniaturized wearable and implantable systems; yet it remains challenging due to limited current output when exploiting low-frequency motions with soft devices. We report a design of a hydrogel generator with mechanoionic current generation amplified by orders of magnitudes with engineered structural and chemical asymmetry. Under compressive loading, relief structures in the hydrogel intensify net ion fluxes induced by deformation gradient, which synergize with asymmetric ion adsorption characteristics of the electrodes and distinct diffusivity of cations and anions in the hydrogel matrix. This engineered mechanoionic process can yield 4 mA (5.5 A m-2) of peak current under cyclic compression of 80 kPa applied at 0.1 Hz, with the transferred charge reaching up to 916 mC m-2 per cycle. The high current output of this miniaturized hydrogel generator is beneficial for the powering of wearable devices, as exemplified by a controlled drug-releasing system for wound healing. The demonstrated mechanisms for amplifying mechanoionic effect will enable further designs for a variety of self-powered biomedical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhen Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xianglin Ji
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Hong Kong Centre for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zihao Guo
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Wei
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jinchen Fan
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Shi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Hong Kong Centre for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiong Pu
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Feng Gong
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Lizhi Xu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Advanced Biomedical Instrumentation Centre, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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14
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Strash N, DeLuca S, Janer Carattini GL, Chen Y, Wu T, Helfer A, Scherba J, Wang I, Jain M, Naseri R, Bursac N. Time-dependent effects of BRAF-V600E on cell cycling, metabolism, and function in engineered myocardium. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadh2598. [PMID: 38266090 PMCID: PMC10807800 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adh2598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Candidate cardiomyocyte (CM) mitogens such as those affecting the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway represent potential targets for functional heart regeneration. We explored whether activating ERK via a constitutively active mutant of B-raf proto-oncogene (BRAF), BRAF-V600E (caBRAF), can induce proproliferative effects in neonatal rat engineered cardiac tissues (ECTs). Sustained CM-specific caBRAF expression induced chronic ERK activation, substantial tissue growth, deficit in sarcomeres and contractile function, and tissue stiffening, all of which persisted for at least 4 weeks of culture. caBRAF-expressing CMs in ECTs exhibited broad transcriptomic changes, shift to glycolytic metabolism, loss of connexin-43, and a promigratory phenotype. Transient, doxycycline-controlled caBRAF expression revealed that the induction of CM cycling is rapid and precedes functional decline, and the effects are reversible only with short-lived ERK activation. Together, direct activation of the BRAF kinase is sufficient to modulate CM cycling and functional phenotype, offering mechanistic insights into roles of ERK signaling in the context of cardiac development and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sophia DeLuca
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham NC, USA
| | | | - Yifan Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham NC, USA
| | - Tianyu Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham NC, USA
| | - Abbigail Helfer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham NC, USA
| | - Jacob Scherba
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham NC, USA
| | - Isabella Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham NC, USA
| | - Mehul Jain
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham NC, USA
| | - Ramona Naseri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham NC, USA
| | - Nenad Bursac
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham NC, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham NC, USA
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15
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Covert LT, Patel H, Osman A, Duncan L, Dvergsten J, Truskey GA. Effect of type I interferon on engineered pediatric skeletal muscle: a promising model for juvenile dermatomyositis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2024; 63:209-217. [PMID: 37094222 PMCID: PMC10765138 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kead186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate pathogenic mechanisms underlying JDM, we defined the effect of type I IFN, IFN-α and IFN-β, on pediatric skeletal muscle function and expression of myositis-related proteins using an in vitro engineered human skeletal muscle model (myobundle). METHODS Primary myoblasts were isolated from three healthy pediatric donors and used to create myobundles that mimic functioning skeletal muscle in structural architecture and physiologic function. Myobundles were exposed to 0, 5, 10 or 20 ng/ml IFN-α or IFN-β for 7 days and then functionally tested under electrical stimulation and analyzed immunohistochemically for structural and myositis-related proteins. Additionally, IFN-β-exposed myobundles were treated with Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKis) tofacitinib and baricitinib. These myobundles were also analyzed for contractile force and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS IFN-β, but not IFN-α, was associated with decreased contractile tetanus force and slowed twitch kinetics. These effects were reversed by tofacitinib and baricitinib. Type I IFN paradoxically reduced myobundle fatigue, which did not reverse after JAKi. Additionally, type I IFN correlated with MHC I upregulation, which normalized after JAKi treatment, but expression of myositis-specific autoantigens Mi-2, melanocyte differentiation-associated protein 5 and the endoplasmic reticulum stress marker GRP78 were variable and donor specific after type I IFN exposure. CONCLUSION IFN-α and IFN-β have distinct effects on pediatric skeletal muscle and these effects can partially be reversed by JAKi treatment. This is the first study illustrating effective use of a three-dimensional human skeletal muscle model to investigate JDM pathogenesis and test novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren T Covert
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Hailee Patel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Alaa Osman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Lavonia Duncan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jeffrey Dvergsten
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC, USA
| | - George A Truskey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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16
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Hidalgo-Alvarez V, Madl CM. Leveraging Biomaterial Platforms to Study Aging-Related Neural and Muscular Degeneration. Biomolecules 2024; 14:69. [PMID: 38254669 PMCID: PMC10813704 DOI: 10.3390/biom14010069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is a complex multifactorial process that results in tissue function impairment across the whole organism. One of the common consequences of this process is the loss of muscle mass and the associated decline in muscle function, known as sarcopenia. Aging also presents with an increased risk of developing other pathological conditions such as neurodegeneration. Muscular and neuronal degeneration cause mobility issues and cognitive impairment, hence having a major impact on the quality of life of the older population. The development of novel therapies that can ameliorate the effects of aging is currently hindered by our limited knowledge of the underlying mechanisms and the use of models that fail to recapitulate the structure and composition of the cell microenvironment. The emergence of bioengineering techniques based on the use of biomimetic materials and biofabrication methods has opened the possibility of generating 3D models of muscular and nervous tissues that better mimic the native extracellular matrix. These platforms are particularly advantageous for drug testing and mechanistic studies. In this review, we discuss the developments made in the creation of 3D models of aging-related neuronal and muscular degeneration and we provide a perspective on the future directions for the field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christopher M. Madl
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
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17
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Maiullari S, Cicirelli A, Picerno A, Giannuzzi F, Gesualdo L, Notarnicola A, Sallustio F, Moretti B. Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields Induce Skeletal Muscle Cell Repair by Sustaining the Expression of Proteins Involved in the Response to Cellular Damage and Oxidative Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16631. [PMID: 38068954 PMCID: PMC10706358 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) are employed as a non-invasive medicinal therapy, especially in the orthopedic field to stimulate bone regeneration. However, the effect of PEMF on skeletal muscle cells (SkMC) has been understudied. Here, we studied the potentiality of 1.5 mT PEMF to stimulate early regeneration of human SkMC. We showed that human SkMC stimulated with 1.5 mT PEMF for four hours repeated for two days can stimulate cell proliferation without inducing cell apoptosis or significant impairment of the metabolic activity. Interestingly, when we simulated physical damage of the muscle tissue by a scratch, we found that the same PEMF treatment can speed up the regenerative process, inducing a more complete cell migration to close the scratch and wound healing. Moreover, we investigated the molecular pattern induced by PEMF among 26 stress-related cell proteins. We found that the expression of 10 proteins increased after two consecutive days of PEMF stimulation for 4 h, and most of them were involved in response processes to oxidative stress. Among these proteins, we found that heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), which can promote muscle recovery, inhibits apoptosis and decreases inflammation in skeletal muscle, together with thioredoxin, paraoxonase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD2), which can also promote skeletal muscle regeneration following injury. Altogether, these data support the possibility of using PEMF to increase SkMC regeneration and, for the first time, suggest a possible molecular mechanism, which consists of sustaining the expression of antioxidant enzymes to control the important inflammatory and oxidative process occurring following muscle damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Maiullari
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (S.M.); (A.C.); (A.P.); (F.G.)
| | - Antonella Cicirelli
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (S.M.); (A.C.); (A.P.); (F.G.)
| | - Angela Picerno
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (S.M.); (A.C.); (A.P.); (F.G.)
| | - Francesca Giannuzzi
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (S.M.); (A.C.); (A.P.); (F.G.)
| | - Loreto Gesualdo
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DIMEPRE-J), University of Bari, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Angela Notarnicola
- Orthopaedic and Trauma Unit, Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience “DiBraiN”, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.N.); (B.M.)
| | - Fabio Sallustio
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DIMEPRE-J), University of Bari, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Biagio Moretti
- Orthopaedic and Trauma Unit, Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience “DiBraiN”, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.N.); (B.M.)
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18
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Ma S, Chen Y, Yang S, Liu S, Tang L, Li B, Li Y. The Autonomous Pipeline Navigation of a Cockroach Bio-Robot with Enhanced Walking Stimuli. CYBORG AND BIONIC SYSTEMS 2023; 4:0067. [PMID: 38026542 PMCID: PMC10631459 DOI: 10.34133/cbsystems.0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tens of crawling bio-robots with cockroaches as the mobile platform have been developed with various functions. Compared with artificial crawling robots of the same size, they revealed better flexibility, larger payload, and stronger endurance. These features made bio-robots ideal for pipeline inspection scenarios because the advancements in locomotion mechanisms and efficient power systems are still hurdles for current artificial systems. In this study, we controlled the bio-robot to crawl in the confined dark pipeline and achieved autonomous motion control with the help of an onboard sensing system. Specifically, a micro-camera was mounted on the electronic backpack of the cockroach for image collection, and an IMU sensor was used to compute its body orientation. The electronic backpack transmitted images to the host computer for junction recognition and distance estimation. Meanwhile, the insect's habituation to electrical stimulation has long been an uncertain factor in the control of bio-robots. Here, a synergistic stimulation strategy was proposed to markedly reduce the habituation and increase the number of effective turning controls to over 100 times. It is also found that both the increase of payload and the application of stimulations could promote the metabolic rate by monitoring carbon dioxide release. With the integration of synergistic stimulation and autonomous control, we demonstrated the fully autonomous pipeline navigation with our cockroach bio-robot, which realized the cycle number of approximately 10 in a roll. This research provides a novel technology that has the potential for practical applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songsong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System,
Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Morphing Mechanisms and Adaptive Robotics,
Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation,
Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuansheng Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation,
Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Songlin Yang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation,
Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shen Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation,
Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lingqi Tang
- The Biorobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Bing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System,
Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Morphing Mechanisms and Adaptive Robotics,
Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation,
Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System,
Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Morphing Mechanisms and Adaptive Robotics,
Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation,
Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, China
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19
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Leng Y, Li X, Zheng F, Liu H, Wang C, Wang X, Liao Y, Liu J, Meng K, Yu J, Zhang J, Wang B, Tan Y, Liu M, Jia X, Li D, Li Y, Gu Z, Fan Y. Advances in In Vitro Models of Neuromuscular Junction: Focusing on Organ-on-a-Chip, Organoids, and Biohybrid Robotics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2211059. [PMID: 36934404 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202211059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is a peripheral synaptic connection between presynaptic motor neurons and postsynaptic skeletal muscle fibers that enables muscle contraction and voluntary motor movement. Many traumatic, neurodegenerative, and neuroimmunological diseases are classically believed to mainly affect either the neuronal or the muscle side of the NMJ, and treatment options are lacking. Recent advances in novel techniques have helped develop in vitro physiological and pathophysiological models of the NMJ as well as enable precise control and evaluation of its functions. This paper reviews the recent developments in in vitro NMJ models with 2D or 3D cultures, from organ-on-a-chip and organoids to biohybrid robotics. Related derivative techniques are introduced for functional analysis of the NMJ, such as the patch-clamp technique, microelectrode arrays, calcium imaging, and stimulus methods, particularly optogenetic-mediated light stimulation, microelectrode-mediated electrical stimulation, and biochemical stimulation. Finally, the applications of the in vitro NMJ models as disease models or for drug screening related to suitable neuromuscular diseases are summarized and their future development trends and challenges are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubing Leng
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, and with the School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiaorui Li
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, and with the School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Fuyin Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, and with the School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, and with the School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Chunyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, 100094, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Xudong Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, and with the School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yulong Liao
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, and with the School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jiangyue Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, and with the School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Kaiqi Meng
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, and with the School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jiaheng Yu
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, and with the School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, and with the School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Binyu Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, and with the School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yingjun Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Meili Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, and with the School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiaoling Jia
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, and with the School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Deyu Li
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, and with the School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yinghui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Zhongze Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Yubo Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, and with the School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
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20
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Hennig K, Hardman D, Barata DM, Martins II, Bernabeu MO, Gomes ER, Roman W. Generating fast-twitch myotubes in vitro with an optogenetic-based, quantitative contractility assay. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202302227. [PMID: 37550008 PMCID: PMC10427763 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The composition of fiber types within skeletal muscle impacts the tissue's physiological characteristics and susceptibility to disease and ageing. In vitro systems should therefore account for fiber-type composition when modelling muscle conditions. To induce fiber specification in vitro, we designed a quantitative contractility assay based on optogenetics and particle image velocimetry. We submitted cultured myotubes to long-term intermittent light-stimulation patterns and characterized their structural and functional adaptations. After several days of in vitro exercise, myotubes contract faster and are more resistant to fatigue. The enhanced contractile functionality was accompanied by advanced maturation such as increased width and up-regulation of neuron receptor genes. We observed an up-regulation in the expression of fast myosin heavy-chain isoforms, which induced a shift towards a fast-twitch phenotype. This long-term in vitro exercise strategy can be used to study fiber specification and refine muscle disease modelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Hennig
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - David Hardman
- Centre for Medical Informatics, Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - David Mb Barata
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Inês Ibb Martins
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Miguel O Bernabeu
- Centre for Medical Informatics, Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- The Bayes Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Edgar R Gomes
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - William Roman
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
- Victoria Node, EMBL Australia, Clayton, Australia
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21
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Yi D, Sugimoto T, Matsumura T, Yokoyama S, Fujisato T, Nakamura T, Hashimoto T. Investigating the Combined Effects of Mechanical Stress and Nutrition on Muscle Hypertrophic Signals Using Contractile 3D-Engineered Muscle (3D-EM). Nutrients 2023; 15:4083. [PMID: 37764867 PMCID: PMC10536268 DOI: 10.3390/nu15184083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Since 3D-EM closely resembles in vivo muscles, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of exercise (electrical pulse stimulation (EPS)) and nutrition (maca), which contains triterpenes, on muscle hypertrophy by using 3D-EM for the first time. The 3D-EM was composed of C2C12 cells and type 1 collagen gel, was differentiated for 14 days, and was divided into four groups: control, maca, EPS, and maca + EPS. The medium was replaced every two days before each EPS intervention, and the concentration of maca in the culture solution was 1 mg/mL. The intervention conditions of the EPS were 30 V, 1 Hz, and 2 ms (24 h on, 24 h off, for one week). The expression levels of proteins were examined by Western blotting. The intervention of maca and EPS upregulated the expression of MHC-fast/slow (both p < 0.05) compared with the control group, and the addition of maca had no effect on the phosphorylation of mTOR (p = 0.287) but increased the AMPK phosphorylation (p = 0.001). These findings suggest that intervention with maca and EPS has a positive effect on muscle hypertrophy, which has a positive impact on sarcopenia. However, the underlying mechanisms remain to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Yi
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu 525-8577, Shiga, Japan; (D.Y.); (T.S.); (T.M.)
| | - Takeshi Sugimoto
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu 525-8577, Shiga, Japan; (D.Y.); (T.S.); (T.M.)
| | - Teppei Matsumura
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu 525-8577, Shiga, Japan; (D.Y.); (T.S.); (T.M.)
| | - Sho Yokoyama
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1 Omiya, Osaka 535-8585, Osaka, Japan;
| | - Toshia Fujisato
- Graduate Course in Applied Chemistry, Environmental and Biomedical Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1 Omiya, Osaka 535-8585, Osaka, Japan;
| | - Tomohiro Nakamura
- Division of Human Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1 Omiya, Osaka 535-8585, Osaka, Japan;
| | - Takeshi Hashimoto
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu 525-8577, Shiga, Japan; (D.Y.); (T.S.); (T.M.)
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22
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Franchi-Mendes T, Silva M, Cartaxo AL, Fernandes-Platzgummer A, Cabral JMS, da Silva CL. Bioprocessing Considerations towards the Manufacturing of Therapeutic Skeletal and Smooth Muscle Cells. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1067. [PMID: 37760170 PMCID: PMC10525286 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10091067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering approaches within the muscle context represent a promising emerging field to address the current therapeutic challenges related with multiple pathological conditions affecting the muscle compartments, either skeletal muscle or smooth muscle, responsible for involuntary and voluntary contraction, respectively. In this review, several features and parameters involved in the bioprocessing of muscle cells are addressed. The cell isolation process is depicted, depending on the type of tissue (smooth or skeletal muscle), followed by the description of the challenges involving the use of adult donor tissue and the strategies to overcome the hurdles of reaching relevant cell numbers towards a clinical application. Specifically, the use of stem/progenitor cells is highlighted as a source for smooth and skeletal muscle cells towards the development of a cellular product able to maintain the target cell's identity and functionality. Moreover, taking into account the need for a robust and cost-effective bioprocess for cell manufacturing, the combination of muscle cells with biomaterials and the need for scale-up envisioning clinical applications are also approached.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Franchi-Mendes
- Department of Bioengineering, iBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (T.F.-M.); (M.S.); (A.L.C.); (A.F.-P.); (J.M.S.C.)
- Associate Laboratory, i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marília Silva
- Department of Bioengineering, iBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (T.F.-M.); (M.S.); (A.L.C.); (A.F.-P.); (J.M.S.C.)
- Associate Laboratory, i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Luísa Cartaxo
- Department of Bioengineering, iBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (T.F.-M.); (M.S.); (A.L.C.); (A.F.-P.); (J.M.S.C.)
- Associate Laboratory, i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Fernandes-Platzgummer
- Department of Bioengineering, iBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (T.F.-M.); (M.S.); (A.L.C.); (A.F.-P.); (J.M.S.C.)
- Associate Laboratory, i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joaquim M. S. Cabral
- Department of Bioengineering, iBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (T.F.-M.); (M.S.); (A.L.C.); (A.F.-P.); (J.M.S.C.)
- Associate Laboratory, i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cláudia L. da Silva
- Department of Bioengineering, iBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (T.F.-M.); (M.S.); (A.L.C.); (A.F.-P.); (J.M.S.C.)
- Associate Laboratory, i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
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23
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Di Gravina GM, Loi G, Auricchio F, Conti M. Computer-aided engineering and additive manufacturing for bioreactors in tissue engineering: State of the art and perspectives. BIOPHYSICS REVIEWS 2023; 4:031303. [PMID: 38510707 PMCID: PMC10903388 DOI: 10.1063/5.0156704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Two main challenges are currently present in the healthcare world, i.e., the limitations given by transplantation and the need to have available 3D in vitro models. In this context, bioreactors are devices that have been introduced in tissue engineering as a support for facing the mentioned challenges by mimicking the cellular native microenvironment through the application of physical stimuli. Bioreactors can be divided into two groups based on their final application: macro- and micro-bioreactors, which address the first and second challenge, respectively. The bioreactor design is a crucial step as it determines the way in which physical stimuli are provided to cells. It strongly depends on the manufacturing techniques chosen for the realization. In particular, in bioreactor prototyping, additive manufacturing techniques are widely used nowadays as they allow the fabrication of customized shapes, guaranteeing more degrees of freedom. To support the bioreactor design, a powerful tool is represented by computational simulations that allow to avoid useless approaches of trial-and-error. In the present review, we aim to discuss the general workflow that must be carried out to develop an optimal macro- and micro-bioreactor. Accordingly, we organize the discussion by addressing the following topics: general and stimulus-specific (i.e., perfusion, mechanical, and electrical) requirements that must be considered during the design phase based on the tissue target; computational models as support in designing bioreactors based on the provided stimulus; manufacturing techniques, with a special focus on additive manufacturing techniques; and finally, current applications and new trends in which bioreactors are involved.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giada Loi
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 3, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Auricchio
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 3, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Michele Conti
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 3, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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24
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Yuen JS, Barrick BM, DiCindio H, Pietropinto JA, Kaplan DL. Optimization of Culture Media and Cell Ratios for 3D In Vitro Skeletal Muscle Tissues with Endothelial Cells. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:4558-4566. [PMID: 37326372 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A major challenge of engineering larger macroscale tissues in vitro is the limited diffusion of nutrients and oxygen to the interior. For skeletal muscle, this limitation results in millimeter scale outcomes to avoid necrosis. One method to address this constraint may be to vascularize in vitro-grown muscle tissue, to support nutrient (culture media) flow into the interior of the structure. In this exploratory study, we examine culture conditions that enable myogenic development and endothelial cell survival within tissue engineered 3D muscles. Myoblasts (C2C12s), endothelial cells (HUVECs), and endothelial support cells (C3H 10T1/2s) were seeded into Matrigel-fibrin hydrogels and cast into 3D printed frames to form 3D in vitro skeletal muscle tissues. Our preliminary results suggest that the simultaneous optimization of culture media formulation and cell concentrations is necessary for 3D cultured muscles to exhibit robust myosin heavy chain expression and GFP expression from GFP-transfected endothelial cells. The ability to form differentiated 3D muscles containing endothelial cells is a key step toward achieving vascularized 3D muscle tissues, which have potential use as tissue for implantation in a medical setting, as well as for future foods such as cultivated meats.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Sk Yuen
- David Kaplan Laboratory, Biomedical Engineering Department, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Brigid M Barrick
- David Kaplan Laboratory, Biomedical Engineering Department, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Hailey DiCindio
- David Kaplan Laboratory, Biomedical Engineering Department, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Jaymie A Pietropinto
- David Kaplan Laboratory, Biomedical Engineering Department, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - David L Kaplan
- David Kaplan Laboratory, Biomedical Engineering Department, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, Massachusetts 02215, United States
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25
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Celikkin N, Presutti D, Maiullari F, Volpi M, Promovych Y, Gizynski K, Dolinska J, Wiśniewska A, Opałło M, Paradiso A, Rinoldi C, Fuoco C, Swieszkowski W, Bearzi C, Rizzi R, Gargioli C, Costantini M. Combining rotary wet-spinning biofabrication and electro-mechanical stimulation for the in vitroproduction of functional myo-substitutes. Biofabrication 2023; 15:045012. [PMID: 37473749 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ace934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we present an innovative, high-throughput rotary wet-spinning biofabrication method for manufacturing cellularized constructs composed of highly-aligned hydrogel fibers. The platform is supported by an innovative microfluidic printing head (MPH) bearing a crosslinking bath microtank with a co-axial nozzle placed at the bottom of it for the immediate gelation of extruded core/shell fibers. After a thorough characterization and optimization of the new MPH and the fiber deposition parameters, we demonstrate the suitability of the proposed system for thein vitroengineering of functional myo-substitutes. The samples produced through the described approach were first characterizedin vitroand then used as a substrate to ascertain the effects of electro-mechanical stimulation on myogenic maturation. Of note, we found a characteristic gene expression modulation of fast (MyH1), intermediate (MyH2), and slow (MyH7) twitching myosin heavy chain isoforms, depending on the applied stimulation protocol. This feature should be further investigated in the future to biofabricate engineered myo-substitutes with specific functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nehar Celikkin
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dario Presutti
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Fabio Maiullari
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy
- PhD Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Marina Volpi
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Yurii Promovych
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Konrad Gizynski
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Dolinska
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Marcin Opałło
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alessia Paradiso
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Chiara Rinoldi
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Claudia Fuoco
- Department of Biology, University of Rome, Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Wojciech Swieszkowski
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Claudia Bearzi
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, C.so della Repubblica 79, 04100 Latina, Rome, Italy
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council of Italy (ITB-CNR), Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Rizzi
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, C.so della Repubblica 79, 04100 Latina, Rome, Italy
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council of Italy (ITB-CNR), Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Cesare Gargioli
- Department of Biology, University of Rome, Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Costantini
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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26
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Park S, Gwon Y, Khan SA, Jang KJ, Kim J. Engineering considerations of iPSC-based personalized medicine. Biomater Res 2023; 27:67. [PMID: 37420273 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-023-00382-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Personalized medicine aims to provide tailored medical treatment that considers the clinical, genetic, and environmental characteristics of patients. iPSCs have attracted considerable attention in the field of personalized medicine; however, the inherent limitations of iPSCs prevent their widespread use in clinical applications. That is, it would be important to develop notable engineering strategies to overcome the current limitations of iPSCs. Such engineering approaches could lead to significant advances in iPSC-based personalized therapy by offering innovative solutions to existing challenges, from iPSC preparation to clinical applications. In this review, we summarize how engineering strategies have been used to advance iPSC-based personalized medicine by categorizing the development process into three distinctive steps: 1) the production of therapeutic iPSCs; 2) engineering of therapeutic iPSCs; and 3) clinical applications of engineered iPSCs. Specifically, we focus on engineering strategies and their implications for each step in the development of iPSC-based personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangbae Park
- Department of Convergence Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Nano-Stem Cells Therapeutics, NANOBIOSYSTEM Co, Ltd, Gwangju, 61011, Republic of Korea
| | - Yonghyun Gwon
- Department of Convergence Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Shahidul Ahmed Khan
- Department of Convergence Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Je Jang
- Department of Bio-Systems Engineering, Institute of Smart Farm, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Agriculture & Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jangho Kim
- Department of Convergence Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea.
- Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Nano-Stem Cells Therapeutics, NANOBIOSYSTEM Co, Ltd, Gwangju, 61011, Republic of Korea.
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27
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Takahashi H, Wakayama H, Nagase K, Shimizu T. Engineered Human Muscle Tissue from Multilayered Aligned Myofiber Sheets for Studies of Muscle Physiology and Predicting Drug Response. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2200849. [PMID: 36562139 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202200849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In preclinical drug testing, human muscle tissue models are critical to understanding the complex physiology, including drug effects in the human body. This study reports that a multilayering approach to cell sheet-based engineering produces an engineered human muscle tissue with sufficient contractile force suitable for measurement. A thermoresponsive micropatterned substrate regulates the biomimetic alignment of myofiber structures enabling the harvest of the aligned myofibers as a single cell sheet. The functional muscle tissue is produced by layering multiple myofiber sheets on a fibrin-based gel. This gel environment promotes myofiber maturation, provides the tissue an elastic platform for contraction, and allows the attachment of a measurement device. Since this multilayering approach is effective in enhancing the contractile ability of the muscle tissue, this muscle tissue generates a significantly high contractile force that can be measured quantitatively. The multilayered muscle tissue shows unidirectional contraction from electrical and chemical stimulation. In addition, their physiological responses to representative drugs can be determined quantitatively in real time by changes in contractile force and fatigue resistance. These physiological properties indicate that the engineered muscle tissue can become a promising tissue model for preclinical in vitro studies in muscle physiology and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironobu Takahashi
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan
| | - Haruno Wakayama
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan
| | - Kenichi Nagase
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Shimizu
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan
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28
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Radeke C, Pons R, Mihajlovic M, Knudsen JR, Butdayev S, Kempen PJ, Segeritz CP, Andresen TL, Pehmøller CK, Jensen TE, Lind JU. Transparent and Cell-Guiding Cellulose Nanofiber 3D Printing Bioinks. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:2564-2577. [PMID: 36598781 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c16126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
For three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting to fulfill its promise and enable the automated fabrication of complex tissue-mimicking constructs, there is a need for developing bioinks that are not only printable and biocompatible but also have integrated cell-instructive properties. Toward this goal, we here present a scalable technique for generating nanofiber 3D printing inks with unique tissue-guiding capabilities. Our core methodology relies on tailoring the size and dispersibility of cellulose fibrils through a solvent-controlled partial carboxymethylation. This way, we generate partially negatively charged cellulose nanofibers with diameters of ∼250 nm and lengths spanning tens to hundreds of microns. In this range, the fibers structurally match the size and dimensions of natural collagen fibers making them sufficiently large to orient cells. Yet, they are simultaneously sufficiently thin to be optically transparent. By adjusting fiber concentration, 3D printing inks with excellent shear-thinning properties can be established. In addition, as the fibers are readily dispersible, composite inks with both carbohydrates and extracellular matrix (ECM)-derived proteins can easily be generated. We apply such composite inks for 3D printing cell-laden and cross-linkable structures, as well as tissue-guiding gel substrates. Interestingly, we find that the spatial organization of engineered tissues can be defined by the shear-induced alignment of fibers during the printing procedure. Specifically, we show how myotubes derived from human and murine skeletal myoblasts can be programmed into linear and complex nonlinear architectures on soft printed substrates with intermediate fiber contents. Our nanofibrillated cellulose inks can thus serve as a simple and scalable tool for engineering anisotropic human muscle tissues that mimic native structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Radeke
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Raphaël Pons
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Marko Mihajlovic
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jonas R Knudsen
- August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 2100Copenhagen, Denmark
- Heart and Skeletal Muscle Biology, Global Drug Discovery, Novo Nordisk A/S, 2760Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Sarkhan Butdayev
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Paul J Kempen
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
- The National Centre for Nano Fabrication and Characterization, DTU Nanolab, Technical University of Denmark, 2800Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Charis-Patricia Segeritz
- Heart and Skeletal Muscle Biology, Global Drug Discovery, Novo Nordisk A/S, 2760Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Thomas L Andresen
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Christian K Pehmøller
- Heart and Skeletal Muscle Biology, Global Drug Discovery, Novo Nordisk A/S, 2760Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Thomas E Jensen
- August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 2100Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Johan U Lind
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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29
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Sanchez MM, Bagdasarian IA, Darch W, Morgan JT. Organotypic cultures as aging associated disease models. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:9338-9383. [PMID: 36435511 PMCID: PMC9740367 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Aging remains a primary risk factor for a host of diseases, including leading causes of death. Aging and associated diseases are inherently multifactorial, with numerous contributing factors and phenotypes at the molecular, cellular, tissue, and organismal scales. Despite the complexity of aging phenomena, models currently used in aging research possess limitations. Frequently used in vivo models often have important physiological differences, age at different rates, or are genetically engineered to match late disease phenotypes rather than early causes. Conversely, routinely used in vitro models lack the complex tissue-scale and systemic cues that are disrupted in aging. To fill in gaps between in vivo and traditional in vitro models, researchers have increasingly been turning to organotypic models, which provide increased physiological relevance with the accessibility and control of in vitro context. While powerful tools, the development of these models is a field of its own, and many aging researchers may be unaware of recent progress in organotypic models, or hesitant to include these models in their own work. In this review, we describe recent progress in tissue engineering applied to organotypic models, highlighting examples explicitly linked to aging and associated disease, as well as examples of models that are relevant to aging. We specifically highlight progress made in skin, gut, and skeletal muscle, and describe how recently demonstrated models have been used for aging studies or similar phenotypes. Throughout, this review emphasizes the accessibility of these models and aims to provide a resource for researchers seeking to leverage these powerful tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina M. Sanchez
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | | | - William Darch
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Joshua T. Morgan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
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30
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Zommiti M, Connil N, Tahrioui A, Groboillot A, Barbey C, Konto-Ghiorghi Y, Lesouhaitier O, Chevalier S, Feuilloley MGJ. Organs-on-Chips Platforms Are Everywhere: A Zoom on Biomedical Investigation. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:646. [PMID: 36354557 PMCID: PMC9687856 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9110646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 08/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the decades, conventional in vitro culture systems and animal models have been used to study physiology, nutrient or drug metabolisms including mechanical and physiopathological aspects. However, there is an urgent need for Integrated Testing Strategies (ITS) and more sophisticated platforms and devices to approach the real complexity of human physiology and provide reliable extrapolations for clinical investigations and personalized medicine. Organ-on-a-chip (OOC), also known as a microphysiological system, is a state-of-the-art microfluidic cell culture technology that sums up cells or tissue-to-tissue interfaces, fluid flows, mechanical cues, and organ-level physiology, and it has been developed to fill the gap between in vitro experimental models and human pathophysiology. The wide range of OOC platforms involves the miniaturization of cell culture systems and enables a variety of novel experimental techniques. These range from modeling the independent effects of biophysical forces on cells to screening novel drugs in multi-organ microphysiological systems, all within microscale devices. As in living biosystems, the development of vascular structure is the salient feature common to almost all organ-on-a-chip platforms. Herein, we provide a snapshot of this fast-evolving sophisticated technology. We will review cutting-edge developments and advances in the OOC realm, discussing current applications in the biomedical field with a detailed description of how this technology has enabled the reconstruction of complex multi-scale and multifunctional matrices and platforms (at the cellular and tissular levels) leading to an acute understanding of the physiopathological features of human ailments and infections in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Zommiti
- Research Unit Bacterial Communication and Anti-infectious Strategies (CBSA, UR4312), University of Rouen Normandie, 27000 Evreux, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Marc G. J. Feuilloley
- Research Unit Bacterial Communication and Anti-infectious Strategies (CBSA, UR4312), University of Rouen Normandie, 27000 Evreux, France
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31
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Khodabukus A, Guyer T, Moore AC, Stevens MM, Guldberg RE, Bursac N. Translating musculoskeletal bioengineering into tissue regeneration therapies. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabn9074. [PMID: 36223445 PMCID: PMC7614064 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abn9074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Musculoskeletal injuries and disorders are the leading cause of physical disability worldwide and a considerable socioeconomic burden. The lack of effective therapies has driven the development of novel bioengineering approaches that have recently started to gain clinical approvals. In this review, we first discuss the self-repair capacity of the musculoskeletal tissues and describe causes of musculoskeletal dysfunction. We then review the development of novel biomaterial, immunomodulatory, cellular, and gene therapies to treat musculoskeletal disorders. Last, we consider the recent regulatory changes and future areas of technological progress that can accelerate translation of these therapies to clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alastair Khodabukus
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Tyler Guyer
- Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
| | - Axel C Moore
- Departments of Materials and Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Molly M Stevens
- Departments of Materials and Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.,Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Robert E Guldberg
- Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
| | - Nenad Bursac
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
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32
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Lawson D, Vann C, Schoenfeld BJ, Haun C. Beyond Mechanical Tension: A Review of Resistance Exercise-Induced Lactate Responses & Muscle Hypertrophy. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2022; 7:jfmk7040081. [PMID: 36278742 PMCID: PMC9590033 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk7040081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The present review aims to explore and discuss recent research relating to the lactate response to resistance training and the potential mechanisms by which lactate may contribute to skeletal muscle hypertrophy or help to prevent muscle atrophy. First, we will discuss foundational information pertaining to lactate including metabolism, measurement, shuttling, and potential (although seemingly elusive) mechanisms for hypertrophy. We will then provide a brief analysis of resistance training protocols and the associated lactate response. Lastly, we will discuss potential shortcomings, resistance training considerations, and future research directions regarding lactate's role as a potential anabolic agent for skeletal muscle hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lawson
- School of Kinesiology, Applied Health and Recreation, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Christopher Vann
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Brad J. Schoenfeld
- Department of Exercise Science and Recreation, Lehman College of CUNY, Bronx, NY 10468, USA
| | - Cody Haun
- Fitomics, LLC, Alabaster, AL 35007, USA
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33
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Chu XL, Song XZ, Li Q, Li YR, He F, Gu XS, Ming D. Basic mechanisms of peripheral nerve injury and treatment via electrical stimulation. Neural Regen Res 2022; 17:2185-2193. [PMID: 35259827 PMCID: PMC9083151 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.335823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies on the mechanisms of peripheral nerve injury (PNI) have mainly focused on the pathophysiological changes within a single injury site. However, recent studies have indicated that within the central nervous system, PNI can lead to changes in both injury sites and target organs at the cellular and molecular levels. Therefore, the basic mechanisms of PNI have not been comprehensively understood. Although electrical stimulation was found to promote axonal regeneration and functional rehabilitation after PNI, as well as to alleviate neuropathic pain, the specific mechanisms of successful PNI treatment are unclear. We summarize and discuss the basic mechanisms of PNI and of treatment via electrical stimulation. After PNI, activity in the central nervous system (spinal cord) is altered, which can limit regeneration of the damaged nerve. For example, cell apoptosis and synaptic stripping in the anterior horn of the spinal cord can reduce the speed of nerve regeneration. The pathological changes in the posterior horn of the spinal cord can modulate sensory abnormalities after PNI. This can be observed in cases of ectopic discharge of the dorsal root ganglion leading to increased pain signal transmission. The injured site of the peripheral nerve is also an important factor affecting post-PNI repair. After PNI, the proximal end of the injured site sends out axial buds to innervate both the skin and muscle at the injury site. A slow speed of axon regeneration leads to low nerve regeneration. Therefore, it can take a long time for the proximal nerve to reinnervate the skin and muscle at the injured site. From the perspective of target organs, long-term denervation can cause atrophy of the corresponding skeletal muscle, which leads to abnormal sensory perception and hyperalgesia, and finally, the loss of target organ function. The mechanisms underlying the use of electrical stimulation to treat PNI include the inhibition of synaptic stripping, addressing the excessive excitability of the dorsal root ganglion, alleviating neuropathic pain, improving neurological function, and accelerating nerve regeneration. Electrical stimulation of target organs can reduce the atrophy of denervated skeletal muscle and promote the recovery of sensory function. Findings from the included studies confirm that after PNI, a series of physiological and pathological changes occur in the spinal cord, injury site, and target organs, leading to dysfunction. Electrical stimulation may address the pathophysiological changes mentioned above, thus promoting nerve regeneration and ameliorating dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lei Chu
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University; Department of Rehabilitation, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xi-Zi Song
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qi Li
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University; Department of Rehabilitation, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu-Ru Li
- College of Exercise & Health Sciences, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, China
| | - Feng He
- College of Precision Instruments & Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao-Song Gu
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dong Ming
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine; College of Precision Instruments & Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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34
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Harnessing conserved signaling and metabolic pathways to enhance the maturation of functional engineered tissues. NPJ Regen Med 2022; 7:44. [PMID: 36057642 PMCID: PMC9440900 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-022-00246-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of induced-pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cell types offers promise for basic science, drug testing, disease modeling, personalized medicine, and translatable cell therapies across many tissue types. However, in practice many iPSC-derived cells have presented as immature in physiological function, and despite efforts to recapitulate adult maturity, most have yet to meet the necessary benchmarks for the intended tissues. Here, we summarize the available state of knowledge surrounding the physiological mechanisms underlying cell maturation in several key tissues. Common signaling consolidators, as well as potential synergies between critical signaling pathways are explored. Finally, current practices in physiologically relevant tissue engineering and experimental design are critically examined, with the goal of integrating greater decision paradigms and frameworks towards achieving efficient maturation strategies, which in turn may produce higher-valued iPSC-derived tissues.
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35
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Fernández-Garibay X, Gomez-Florit M, Domingues RMA, Gomes M, Fernandez-Costa JM, Ramon J. Xeno-free bioengineered human skeletal muscle tissue using human platelet lysate-based hydrogels. Biofabrication 2022; 14. [PMID: 36041422 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac8dc8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Bioengineered human skeletal muscle tissues have emerged in the last years as new in vitro systems for disease modeling. These bioartificial muscles are classically fabricated by encapsulating human myogenic precursor cells in a hydrogel scaffold that resembles the extracellular matrix. However, most of these hydrogels are derived from xenogenic sources, and the culture media is supplemented with animal serum, which could interfere in drug testing assays. On the contrary, xeno-free biomaterials and culture conditions in tissue engineering offer increased relevance for developing human disease models. In this work, we used human platelet lysate-based nanocomposite hydrogels (HUgel) as scaffolds for human skeletal muscle tissue engineering. These hydrogels consist of human platelet lysate reinforced with cellulose nanocrystals (a-CNC) that allow tunable mechanical, structural, and biochemical properties for the 3D culture of stem cells. Here, we developed hydrogel casting platforms to encapsulate human muscle satellite stem cells in HUgel. The a-CNC content was modulated to enhance matrix remodeling, uniaxial tension, and self-organization of the cells, resulting in the formation of highly aligned, long myotubes expressing sarcomeric proteins. Moreover, the bioengineered human muscles were subjected to electrical stimulation, and the exerted contractile forces were measured in a non-invasive manner. Overall, our results demonstrated that the bioengineered human skeletal muscles could be built in xeno-free cell culture platforms to assess tissue functionality, which is promising for drug development applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manuel Gomez-Florit
- 3B's Research Group, University of Minho, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Braga, Braga, 4805-017, PORTUGAL
| | - Rui M A Domingues
- 3B's Research Group, University of Minho, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Braga, Braga, 4805-017, PORTUGAL
| | - Manuela Gomes
- 3B's Research group, University of Minho, AvePark - Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco GMR, Braga, Braga, 4704-553, PORTUGAL
| | - Juan M Fernandez-Costa
- Institute for Bioengineering in Catalonia, C/ Baldiri i reixac, 10-12, Barcelona, Catalunya, 08028, SPAIN
| | - Javier Ramon
- Institute for Bioengineering in Catalonia, C/ Baldiri i reixac, 10-12, Barcelona, Catalunya, 08028, SPAIN
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36
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Li S, Rong H, Hao Z, Tan R, Li H, Zhu T. Hypertrophy of paravertebral muscles after epidural electrical stimulation shifted: A case report. Front Surg 2022; 9:936259. [PMID: 35965878 PMCID: PMC9363764 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.936259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidural electrical stimulation (EES) has been used to improve motor function in patients with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI). The effect of EES on paravertebral muscles in patients with SCI has been unnoticed. We reported a case of paravertebral muscles hypertrophy after the electrode shifted in a patient with spinal cord injury. We also discussed possible mechanistic accounts for this occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sipeng Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongtao Rong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenghao Hao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Tan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Haijun Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Correspondence: Tao Zhu
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37
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Carraro E, Rossi L, Maghin E, Canton M, Piccoli M. 3D in vitro Models of Pathological Skeletal Muscle: Which Cells and Scaffolds to Elect? Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:941623. [PMID: 35898644 PMCID: PMC9313593 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.941623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a fundamental tissue of the human body with great plasticity and adaptation to diseases and injuries. Recreating this tissue in vitro helps not only to deepen its functionality, but also to simulate pathophysiological processes. In this review we discuss the generation of human skeletal muscle three-dimensional (3D) models obtained through tissue engineering approaches. First, we present an overview of the most severe myopathies and the two key players involved: the variety of cells composing skeletal muscle tissue and the different components of its extracellular matrix. Then, we discuss the peculiar characteristics among diverse in vitro models with a specific focus on cell sources, scaffold composition and formulations, and fabrication techniques. To conclude, we highlight the efficacy of 3D models in mimicking patient-specific myopathies, deepening muscle disease mechanisms or investigating possible therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Carraro
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Lucia Rossi
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
| | - Edoardo Maghin
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
| | - Marcella Canton
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Martina Piccoli
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
- *Correspondence: Martina Piccoli,
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38
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Giza S, Mojica‐Santiago JA, Parafati M, Malany LK, Platt D, Schmidt CE, Coen PM, Malany S. Microphysiological system for studying contractile differences in young, active, and old, sedentary adult derived skeletal muscle cells. Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13650. [PMID: 35653714 PMCID: PMC9282836 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Microphysiological systems (MPS), also referred to as tissue chips, incorporating 3D skeletal myobundles are a novel approach for physiological and pharmacological studies to uncover new medical treatments for sarcopenia. We characterize a MPS in which engineered skeletal muscle myobundles derived from donor-specific satellite cells that model aged phenotypes are encapsulated in a perfused tissue chip platform containing platinum electrodes. Our myobundles were derived from CD56+ myogenic cells obtained via percutaneous biopsy of the vastus lateralis from adults phenotyped by age and physical activity. Following 17 days differentiation including 5 days of a 3 V, 2 Hz electrical stimulation regime, the myobundles exhibited fused myotube alignment and upregulation of myogenic, myofiber assembly, signaling and contractile genes as demonstrated by gene array profiling and localization of key components of the sarcomere. Our results demonstrate that myobundles derived from the young, active (YA) group showed high intensity immunofluorescent staining of α-actinin proteins and responded to electrical stimuli with a ~1 μm displacement magnitude compared with non-stimulated myobundles. Myobundles derived from older sedentary group (OS) did not display a synchronous contraction response. Hypertrophic potential is increased in YA-derived myobundles in response to stimulation as shown by upregulation of insulin growth factor (IGF-1), α-actinin (ACTN3, ACTA1) and fast twitch troponin protein (TNNI2) compared with OS-derived myobundles. Our MPS mimics disease states of muscle decline and thus provides an aged system and experimental platform to investigate electrical stimulation mimicking exercise regimes and may be adapted to long duration studies of compound efficacy and toxicity for therapeutic evaluation against sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelby Giza
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of PharmacyUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Jorge A. Mojica‐Santiago
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, Herbert Wertheim College of EngineeringUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Maddalena Parafati
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of PharmacyUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | | | - Don Platt
- Micro Aerospace SolutionsMelbourneFloridaUSA
| | - Christine E. Schmidt
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, Herbert Wertheim College of EngineeringUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Paul M. Coen
- Translational Research InstituteAdventHealthOrlandoFloridaUSA
| | - Siobhan Malany
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of PharmacyUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
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39
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Terrie L, Burattini M, Van Vlierberghe S, Fassina L, Thorrez L. Enhancing Myoblast Fusion and Myotube Diameter in Human 3D Skeletal Muscle Constructs by Electromagnetic Stimulation. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:892287. [PMID: 35814025 PMCID: PMC9256958 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.892287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle tissue engineering (SMTE) aims at the in vitro generation of 3D skeletal muscle engineered constructs which mimic the native muscle structure and function. Although native skeletal muscle is a highly dynamic tissue, most research approaches still focus on static cell culture methods, while research on stimulation protocols indicates a positive effect, especially on myogenesis. A more mature muscle construct may be needed especially for the potential applications for regenerative medicine purposes, disease or drug disposition models. Most efforts towards dynamic cell or tissue culture methods have been geared towards mechanical or electrical stimulation or a combination of those. In the context of dynamic methods, pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) stimulation has been extensively used in bone tissue engineering, but the impact of PEMF on skeletal muscle development is poorly explored. Here, we evaluated the effects of PEMF stimulation on human skeletal muscle cells both in 2D and 3D experiments. First, PEMF was applied on 2D cultures of human myoblasts during differentiation. In 2D, enhanced myogenesis was observed, as evidenced by an increased myotube diameter and fusion index. Second, 2D results were translated towards 3D bioartificial muscles (BAMs). BAMs were subjected to PEMF for varying exposure times, where a 2-h daily stimulation was found to be effective in enhancing 3D myotube formation. Third, applying this protocol for the entire 16-days culture period was compared to a stimulation starting at day 8, once the myotubes were formed. The latter was found to result in significantly higher myotube diameter, fusion index, and increased myosin heavy chain 1 expression. This work shows the potential of electromagnetic stimulation for enhancing myotube formation both in 2D and 3D, warranting its further consideration in dynamic culturing techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisanne Terrie
- Tissue Engineering Lab, Dep. Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven Kulak, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Margherita Burattini
- Tissue Engineering Lab, Dep. Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven Kulak, Kortrijk, Belgium
- Dept. of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry and Maternity, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Sandra Van Vlierberghe
- Polymer Chemistry & Biomaterials Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry, Dep. of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lorenzo Fassina
- Dept. of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Lieven Thorrez
- Tissue Engineering Lab, Dep. Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven Kulak, Kortrijk, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Lieven Thorrez,
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40
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Integrative metabolic flux analysis reveals an indispensable dimension of phenotypes. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2022; 75:102701. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2022.102701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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41
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Adil A, Xu M, Haykal S. Recellularization of Bioengineered Scaffolds for Vascular Composite Allotransplantation. Front Surg 2022; 9:843677. [PMID: 35693318 PMCID: PMC9174637 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.843677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic injuries or cancer resection resulting in large volumetric soft tissue loss requires surgical reconstruction. Vascular composite allotransplantation (VCA) is an emerging reconstructive option that transfers multiple, complex tissues as a whole subunit from donor to recipient. Although promising, VCA is limited due to side effects of immunosuppression. Tissue-engineered scaffolds obtained by decellularization and recellularization hold great promise. Decellularization is a process that removes cellular materials while preserving the extracellular matrix architecture. Subsequent recellularization of these acellular scaffolds with recipient-specific cells can help circumvent adverse immune-mediated host responses and allow transplantation of allografts by reducing and possibly eliminating the need for immunosuppression. Recellularization of acellular tissue scaffolds is a technique that was first investigated and reported in whole organs. More recently, work has been performed to apply this technique to VCA. Additional work is needed to address barriers associated with tissue recellularization such as: cell type selection, cell distribution, and functionalization of the vasculature and musculature. These factors ultimately contribute to achieving tissue integration and viability following allotransplantation. The present work will review the current state-of-the-art in soft tissue scaffolds with specific emphasis on recellularization techniques. We will discuss biological and engineering process considerations, technical and scientific challenges, and the potential clinical impact of this technology to advance the field of VCA and reconstructive surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Adil
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Laboratories, University Health Network, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Xu
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Laboratories, University Health Network, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Siba Haykal
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Laboratories, University Health Network, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Correspondence: Siba Haykal
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42
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Vesga-Castro C, Aldazabal J, Vallejo-Illarramendi A, Paredes J. Contractile force assessment methods for in vitro skeletal muscle tissues. eLife 2022; 11:e77204. [PMID: 35604384 PMCID: PMC9126583 DOI: 10.7554/elife.77204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last few years, there has been growing interest in measuring the contractile force (CF) of engineered muscle tissues to evaluate their functionality. However, there are still no standards available for selecting the most suitable experimental platform, measuring system, culture protocol, or stimulation patterns. Consequently, the high variability of published data hinders any comparison between different studies. We have identified that cantilever deflection, post deflection, and force transducers are the most commonly used configurations for CF assessment in 2D and 3D models. Additionally, we have discussed the most relevant emerging technologies that would greatly complement CF evaluation with intracellular and localized analysis. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the most significant advances in CF evaluation and its critical parameters. In order to compare contractile performance across experimental platforms, we have used the specific force (sF, kN/m2), CF normalized to the calculated cross-sectional area (CSA). However, this parameter presents a high variability throughout the different studies, which indicates the need to identify additional parameters and complementary analysis suitable for proper comparison. We propose that future contractility studies in skeletal muscle constructs report detailed information about construct size, contractile area, maturity level, sarcomere length, and, ideally, the tetanus-to-twitch ratio. These studies will hopefully shed light on the relative impact of these variables on muscle force performance of engineered muscle constructs. Prospective advances in muscle tissue engineering, particularly in muscle disease models, will require a joint effort to develop standardized methodologies for assessing CF of engineered muscle tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Vesga-Castro
- University of Navarra, Tecnun School of Engineering, Manuel de LardizábalSan SebastianSpain
- University of Navarra, Biomedical Engineering Center, Campus UniversitarioPamplonaSpain
- Group of Neurosciences, Department of Pediatrics, UPV/EHU, Hospital Donostia - IIS BiodonostiaSan SebastianSpain
| | - Javier Aldazabal
- University of Navarra, Tecnun School of Engineering, Manuel de LardizábalSan SebastianSpain
- University of Navarra, Biomedical Engineering Center, Campus UniversitarioPamplonaSpain
| | - Ainara Vallejo-Illarramendi
- Group of Neurosciences, Department of Pediatrics, UPV/EHU, Hospital Donostia - IIS BiodonostiaSan SebastianSpain
- CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministry of Science, Innovation, and UniversitiesMadridSpain
| | - Jacobo Paredes
- University of Navarra, Tecnun School of Engineering, Manuel de LardizábalSan SebastianSpain
- University of Navarra, Biomedical Engineering Center, Campus UniversitarioPamplonaSpain
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Wang J, Broer T, Chavez T, Zhou CJ, Tran S, Xiang Y, Khodabukus A, Diao Y, Bursac N. Myoblast deactivation within engineered human skeletal muscle creates a transcriptionally heterogeneous population of quiescent satellite-like cells. Biomaterials 2022; 284:121508. [PMID: 35421801 PMCID: PMC9289780 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Satellite cells (SCs), the adult Pax7-expressing stem cells of skeletal muscle, are essential for muscle repair. However, in vitro investigations of SC function are challenging due to isolation-induced SC activation, loss of native quiescent state, and differentiation to myoblasts. In the present study, we optimized methods to deactivate in vitro expanded human myoblasts within a 3D culture environment of engineered human skeletal muscle tissues ("myobundles"). Immunostaining and gene expression analyses revealed that a fraction of myoblasts within myobundles adopted a quiescent phenotype (3D-SCs) characterized by increased Pax7 expression, cell cycle exit, and activation of Notch signaling. Similar to native SCs, 3D-SC quiescence is regulated by Notch and Wnt signaling while loss of quiescence and reactivation of 3D-SCs can be induced by growth factors including bFGF. Myobundle injury with a bee toxin, melittin, induces robust myofiber fragmentation, functional decline, and 3D-SC proliferation. By applying single cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq), we discover the existence of two 3D-SC subpopulations (quiescent and activated), identify deactivation-associated gene signature using trajectory inference between 2D myoblasts and 3D-SCs, and characterize the transcriptomic changes within reactivated 3D-SCs in response to melittin-induced injury. These results demonstrate the ability of an in vitro engineered 3D human skeletal muscle environment to support the formation of a quiescent and heterogeneous SC population recapitulating several aspects of the native SC phenotype, and provide a platform for future studies of human muscle regeneration and disease-associated SC dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Torie Broer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Taylor Chavez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Chris J Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Sabrina Tran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Yu Xiang
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Yarui Diao
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Nenad Bursac
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
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Cheesbrough A, Sciscione F, Riccio F, Harley P, R'Bibo L, Ziakas G, Darbyshire A, Lieberam I, Song W. Biobased Elastomer Nanofibers Guide Light-Controlled Human-iPSC-Derived Skeletal Myofibers. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2110441. [PMID: 35231133 PMCID: PMC9131876 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202110441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Generating skeletal muscle tissue that mimics the cellular alignment, maturation, and function of native skeletal muscle is an ongoing challenge in disease modeling and regenerative therapies. Skeletal muscle cultures require extracellular guidance and mechanical support to stabilize contractile myofibers. Existing microfabrication-based solutions are limited by complex fabrication steps, low throughput, and challenges in measuring dynamic contractile function. Here, the synthesis and characterization of a new biobased nanohybrid elastomer, which is electrospun into aligned nanofiber sheets to mimic the skeletal muscle extracellular matrix, is presented. The polymer exhibits remarkable hyperelasticity well-matched to that of native skeletal muscle (≈11-50 kPa), with ultimate strain ≈1000%, and elastic modulus ≈25 kPa. Uniaxially aligned nanofibers guide myoblast alignment, enhance sarcomere formation, and promote a ≈32% increase in myotube fusion and ≈50% increase in myofiber maturation. The elastomer nanofibers stabilize optogenetically controlled human induced pluripotent stem cell derived skeletal myofibers. When activated by blue light, the myofiber-nanofiber hybrid constructs maintain a significantly higher (>200%) contraction velocity and specific force (>280%) compared to conventional culture methods. The engineered myofibers exhibit a power density of ≈35 W m-3 . This system is a promising new skeletal muscle tissue model for applications in muscular disease modeling, drug discovery, and muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimee Cheesbrough
- UCL Centre for Biomaterials in Surgical Reconstruction and RegenerationDepartment of Surgical BiotechnologyDivision of Surgery and Interventional ScienceUniversity College LondonLondonNW3 2PFUK
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative MedicineMRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental DisordersCentre for Developmental NeurobiologyKings College LondonLondonSE1 9RTUK
| | - Fabiola Sciscione
- UCL Centre for Biomaterials in Surgical Reconstruction and RegenerationDepartment of Surgical BiotechnologyDivision of Surgery and Interventional ScienceUniversity College LondonLondonNW3 2PFUK
| | - Federica Riccio
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative MedicineMRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental DisordersCentre for Developmental NeurobiologyKings College LondonLondonSE1 9RTUK
| | - Peter Harley
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative MedicineMRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental DisordersCentre for Developmental NeurobiologyKings College LondonLondonSE1 9RTUK
| | - Lea R'Bibo
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative MedicineMRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental DisordersCentre for Developmental NeurobiologyKings College LondonLondonSE1 9RTUK
| | - Georgios Ziakas
- UCL Centre for Biomaterials in Surgical Reconstruction and RegenerationDepartment of Surgical BiotechnologyDivision of Surgery and Interventional ScienceUniversity College LondonLondonNW3 2PFUK
| | - Arnold Darbyshire
- UCL Centre for Biomaterials in Surgical Reconstruction and RegenerationDepartment of Surgical BiotechnologyDivision of Surgery and Interventional ScienceUniversity College LondonLondonNW3 2PFUK
| | - Ivo Lieberam
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative MedicineMRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental DisordersCentre for Developmental NeurobiologyKings College LondonLondonSE1 9RTUK
| | - Wenhui Song
- UCL Centre for Biomaterials in Surgical Reconstruction and RegenerationDepartment of Surgical BiotechnologyDivision of Surgery and Interventional ScienceUniversity College LondonLondonNW3 2PFUK
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Cakal SD, Radeke C, Alcala JF, Ellman DG, Butdayev S, Andersen DC, Calloe K, Lind JU. A simple and scalable 3D printing methodology for generating aligned and extended human and murine skeletal muscle tissues. Biomed Mater 2022; 17. [PMID: 35483352 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac6b71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Preclinical biomedical and pharmaceutical research on disease causes, drug targets, and side effects increasingly relies on in vitro models of human tissue. 3D printing offers unique opportunities for generating models of superior physiological accuracy, as well as for automating their fabrication. Towards these goals, we here describe a simple and scalable methodology for generating physiologically relevant models of skeletal muscle. Our approach relies on dual-material micro-extrusion of two types of gelatin hydrogel into patterned soft substrates with locally alternating stiffness. We identify minimally complex patterns capable of guiding the large-scale self-assembly of aligned, extended, and contractile human and murine skeletal myotubes. Interestingly, we find high-resolution patterning is not required, as even patterns with feature sizes of several hundred micrometers is sufficient. Consequently, the procedure is rapid and compatible with any low-cost extrusion-based 3D printer. The generated myotubes easily span several millimeters, and various myotube patterns can be generated in a predictable and reproducible manner. The compliant nature and adjustable thickness of the hydrogel substrates, serves to enable extended culture of contractile myotubes. The method is further readily compatible with standard cell-culturing platforms as well as commercially available electrodes for electrically induced exercise and monitoring of the myotubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selgin D Cakal
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Produktionstorvet, Building 423, Lyngby, 2800, DENMARK
| | - Carmen Radeke
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Produktionstorvet, Building 423, Lyngby, 2800, DENMARK
| | - Juan F Alcala
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Produktionstorvet, Building 423, Lyngby, 2800, DENMARK
| | - Ditte G Ellman
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, J. B. Winsløwsvej 25, Odense, Syddanmark, 5000, DENMARK
| | - Sarkhan Butdayev
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Produktionstorvet, Building 423, Lyngby, 2800, DENMARK
| | - Ditte C Andersen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, J. B. Winsløwsvej 25, Odense, Syddanmark, 5000, DENMARK
| | - Kirstine Calloe
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Section for Pathobiological Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Grønnegårdsvej 7, Frederiksberg C, 1870, DENMARK
| | - Johan Ulrik Lind
- Institut for Sundhedsteknologi, Danmarks Tekniske Universitet, Produktionstorvet, Building 423, Lyngby, 2800, DENMARK
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Iberite F, Gruppioni E, Ricotti L. Skeletal muscle differentiation of human iPSCs meets bioengineering strategies: perspectives and challenges. NPJ Regen Med 2022; 7:23. [PMID: 35393412 PMCID: PMC8991236 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-022-00216-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Although skeletal muscle repairs itself following small injuries, genetic diseases or severe damages may hamper its ability to do so. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can generate myogenic progenitors, but their use in combination with bioengineering strategies to modulate their phenotype has not been sufficiently investigated. This review highlights the potential of this combination aimed at pushing the boundaries of skeletal muscle tissue engineering. First, the overall organization and the key steps in the myogenic process occurring in vivo are described. Second, transgenic and non-transgenic approaches for the myogenic induction of human iPSCs are compared. Third, technologies to provide cells with biophysical stimuli, biomaterial cues, and biofabrication strategies are discussed in terms of recreating a biomimetic environment and thus helping to engineer a myogenic phenotype. The embryonic development process and the pro-myogenic role of the muscle-resident cell populations in co-cultures are also described, highlighting the possible clinical applications of iPSCs in the skeletal muscle tissue engineering field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Iberite
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, 56127, Pisa (PI), Italy. .,Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, 56127, Pisa (PI), Italy.
| | - Emanuele Gruppioni
- Centro Protesi INAIL, Istituto Nazionale per l'Assicurazione contro gli Infortuni sul Lavoro, 40054, Vigorso di Budrio (BO), Italy
| | - Leonardo Ricotti
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, 56127, Pisa (PI), Italy.,Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, 56127, Pisa (PI), Italy
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47
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Jiang Y, Torun T, Maffioletti SM, Serio A, Tedesco FS. Bioengineering human skeletal muscle models: Recent advances, current challenges and future perspectives. Exp Cell Res 2022; 416:113133. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Samandari M, Quint J, Rodríguez-delaRosa A, Sinha I, Pourquié O, Tamayol A. Bioinks and Bioprinting Strategies for Skeletal Muscle Tissue Engineering. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2105883. [PMID: 34773667 PMCID: PMC8957559 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202105883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscles play important roles in critical body functions and their injury or disease can lead to limitation of mobility and loss of independence. Current treatments result in variable functional recovery, while reconstructive surgery, as the gold-standard approach, is limited due to donor shortage, donor-site morbidity, and limited functional recovery. Skeletal muscle tissue engineering (SMTE) has generated enthusiasm as an alternative solution for treatment of injured tissue and serves as a functional disease model. Recently, bioprinting has emerged as a promising tool for recapitulating the complex and highly organized architecture of skeletal muscles at clinically relevant sizes. Here, skeletal muscle physiology, muscle regeneration following injury, and current treatments following muscle loss are discussed, and then bioprinting strategies implemented for SMTE are critically reviewed. Subsequently, recent advancements that have led to improvement of bioprinting strategies to construct large muscle structures, boost myogenesis in vitro and in vivo, and enhance tissue integration are discussed. Bioinks for muscle bioprinting, as an essential part of any bioprinting strategy, are discussed, and their benefits, limitations, and areas to be improved are highlighted. Finally, the directions the field should expand to make bioprinting strategies more translational and overcome the clinical unmet needs are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamadmahdi Samandari
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Jacob Quint
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | | | - Indranil Sinha
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139, USA
| | - Olivier Pourquié
- Department of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ali Tamayol
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
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Chapotte-Baldacci CA, Cognard C, Bois P, Chatelier A, Sebille S. Handling a mature calcium signature through optogenetics improves the differentiation of primary murine myotubes. Cell Calcium 2022; 103:102546. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2022.102546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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50
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Sarvazyan N. Building Valveless Impedance Pumps From Biological Components: Progress and Challenges. Front Physiol 2022; 12:770906. [PMID: 35173623 PMCID: PMC8842681 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.770906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Valveless pumping based on Liebau mechanism entails asymmetrical positioning of the compression site relative to the attachment sites of the pump's elastic segment to the rest of the circuit. Liebau pumping is believed to play a key role during heart development and be involved in several other physiological processes. Until now studies of Liebau pump have been limited to numerical analyses, in silico modeling, experiments using non-biological elements, and a few indirect in vivo measurements. This review aims to stimulate experimental efforts to build Liebau pumps using biologically compatible materials in order to encourage further exploration of the fundamental mechanisms behind valveless pumping and its role in organ physiology. The covered topics include the biological occurrence of Liebau pumps, the main differences between them and the peristaltic flow, and the potential uses and body sites that can benefit from implantable valveless pumps based on Liebau principle. We then provide an overview of currently available tools to build such pumps and touch upon limitations imposed by the use of biological components. We also talk about the many variables that can impact Liebau pump performance, including the concept of resonant frequencies, the shape of the flowrate-frequency relationship, the flow velocity profiles, and the Womersley numbers. Lastly, the choices of materials to build valveless impedance pumps and possible modifications to increase their flow output are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narine Sarvazyan
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine and Health Science, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
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