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Segura BM, Rivero-Wendt CLG, Pizzotti ABC, Otsubo Jaques JA, Santos AN, Franco-Belussi L, Fernandes CEDS. Effects of urban streams on muscle non-protein thiols, gill and liver histopathology in zebrafish (Danio rerio) assessed by active biomonitoring. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024:124513. [PMID: 39002751 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Aquatic biota are exposed to toxic substances resulting from human activities, reducing environmental quality and can compromise the health of the organisms. This study aimed to employ Danio rerio as an environmental bioindicator, analyzing the effects of water from distinct urban aquatic environments. An active biomonitoring system was set up to compare the temporal dynamics of histological biomarkers for gill and liver and the patterns of non-protein thiols (NPSH) in muscle in specimens exposed for 3, 6, and 12 days. Three large urban basins in the city of Campo Grande (Midwest of Brazil) were selected. Two sites are in a very populous area (i.e Lagoa and Bandeira) and another on in an area with agricultural activities (i.e Anhanduí). All the streams displayed distinct qualitative characteristics. The presence of metals, including Mn, Zn, Fe, and Al, as well as pH, temperature, and dissolved oxygen, accounted for 38% of the variability (PC1), while total solids, conductivity, ammonia, nitrite, and explained 24 % (PC2). Degree tissue changes index (DTC) in gill and the concentration of NPSH increased in all streams during 3, 6 and 12 days of exposure. DTC in liver increases in all exposure times in most populous stream (i.e Lagoa and Bandeira). Histopathological evidence in the gill, including proliferation, desquamation, and necrosis of the primary lamellar epithelium; fusion and aneurysms in the secondary lamellar epithelium were observed after three days of exposure. Degenerative nuclear figures were noted in the liver after three days of exposure, followed by hepatocellular hypertrophy, lipidosis, and necrosis at twelve days. Our findings showing time-dependent effects of urban aquatic environments in histopathological (i.e DTC) and biochemical biomarkers in zebrafish. The biomonitoring model enabled a comparison of the temporal dynamics of various health markers, using zebrafish as bioindicator. Future studies might use this experimental model and biomarkers for environmental biomonitoring program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Marques Segura
- Graduate Program in Animal Biology. Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil
| | - Carla Letícia Gediel Rivero-Wendt
- Laboratório de Patologia Experimental, LAPEx, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79002970, Brasil
| | - Ana Beatriz Coriguazi Pizzotti
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular (PBBqBM), Instituto de Biociências (INBIO), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, 79.070-900, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jeandre Augusto Otsubo Jaques
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular (PBBqBM), Instituto de Biociências (INBIO), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, 79.070-900, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGFARM), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Alimentos e Nutrição (FACFAN), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, 79.070-900, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Andreza Negreli Santos
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular (PBBqBM), Instituto de Biociências (INBIO), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, 79.070-900, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Lilian Franco-Belussi
- Laboratório de Patologia Experimental, LAPEx, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79002970, Brasil
| | - Carlos Eurico Dos Santos Fernandes
- Laboratório de Patologia Experimental, LAPEx, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79002970, Brasil.
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2
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Park SJ, Park H, Back SM, Lee YJ, Seo JW, Kim D, Lee JH, Kwak C, Han KH, Son HY, Kim YB. Genotoxicity and safety pharmacology of the rVSVInd(GML)-mspSGtc vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 in Sprague-Dawley rats and Beagle dogs. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:2185-2197. [PMID: 38607375 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-024-03746-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) led to a pandemic, prompting rapid vaccine development. Although vaccines are effective, the occurrence of rare adverse events following vaccination highlights the necessity of determining whether the benefits outweigh the risks posed by the infection itself. The recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (rVSV) platform is a promising vector for vaccines against emerging viruses. However, limited studies have evaluated the genotoxicity and safety pharmacology of this viral vector vaccine, which is crucial to ensure the safety of vaccines developed using this platform. Hence, the present study aimed to assess the genotoxicity and safety pharmacology of the rVSVInd(GML)-mspSGtc COVID-19 vaccine using micronucleus and comet assays, as well as neurobehavioral, body temperature, respiratory, and cardiovascular assessments in Sprague-Dawley rats and beagle dogs. The intramuscular administration of rVSVInd(GML)-mspSGtc at doses up to 1.5 × 109 PFU/animal did not increase the number of bone marrow micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes or cause liver DNA damage. Additionally, it had no significant impact on neurobehavioral functions in rats and showed marginal temporary changes in body temperature, respiratory rate, heart rate, and electrocardiogram parameters in rats and dogs, all of which resolved within 24 h. Overall, following genotoxicity and pharmacological safety assessments, rVSVInd(GML)-mspSGtc displayed no notable systemic adverse effects in rats and dogs, suggesting its potential as a vaccine candidate for human clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Jin Park
- Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gaejeongro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Heeseon Park
- Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gaejeongro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Seng-Min Back
- Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gaejeongro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ju Lee
- Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gaejeongro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Joung-Wook Seo
- Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gaejeongro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Dabi Kim
- Sumagen Co., Ltd, 4F Dongwon Building, Teheran-Ro 77-Gil, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul, 06159, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hwa Lee
- Sumagen Co., Ltd, 4F Dongwon Building, Teheran-Ro 77-Gil, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul, 06159, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaewon Kwak
- Sumagen Co., Ltd, 4F Dongwon Building, Teheran-Ro 77-Gil, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul, 06159, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang-Hyun Han
- Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gaejeongro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa-Young Son
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34131, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Bum Kim
- Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gaejeongro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea.
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Cotelle S, Masfaraud JF, Curie T, Lafay L. A proposal for new genotoxic and cytotoxic endpoints to assess chemical effects on the red algae Ceramium tenuicorne. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-33634-x. [PMID: 38767794 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33634-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Macroalgae provide key contributions to aquatic ecosystems, including their role as primary producers and the provision of biotopes for marine organisms, fish spawning, and fish nurseries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of a micronucleus test and a comet assay in Ceramium tenuicorne, a red macroalga. This alga is widely distributed in marine ecosystems and brackish waters, and is therefore a potential bioindicator of the effects of anthropogenic pollution in these ecosystems. Unfortunately, the two genotoxicity tests evaluated were not suitable for this alga because the nuclei are generally very small (between 2 and 10 µm), are variable in size, and there may be several nuclei in each cell (between 1 and 5 in our observations). However, the present study allowed us to define conditions for observing these algal cells and optimizing the choice of DNA dye (orcein), cell fixation solution (Carnoy's solution), and hydrolysis step (HCl, 1200 mmol/L solution for 1 min). This research allowed us to propose two genotoxicity and cytotoxicity endpoints for assessing chemical effects on the algal cells: counting of nuclei in cortical cell areas, and the frequency of axial cells in mitosis. These two criteria were measured after exposing C. tenuicorne to two reference substances: cadmium chloride and maleic hydrazide, and we highlight the effects from 1 × 10-5 M of CdCl2 and 5 × 10-5 M of maleic hydrazide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Cotelle
- LIEC, CNRS, Université de Lorraine, 57000, Metz, France.
| | | | - Thomas Curie
- LIEC, CNRS, Université de Lorraine, 57000, Metz, France
| | - Léo Lafay
- EDF Recherche & Développement - Laboratoire National d'Hydraulique et Environnement, 6 Quai Watier, 78400, Chatou, France
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Yang Z, DeLoid GM, Baw J, Zarbl H, Demokritou P. Assessment of Ingested Micro- and Nanoplastic (MNP)-Mediated Genotoxicity in an In Vitro Model of the Small Intestinal Epithelium (SIE). NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:807. [PMID: 38727401 PMCID: PMC11085749 DOI: 10.3390/nano14090807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) have become ubiquitous contaminants of water and foods, resulting in high levels of human ingestion exposure. MNPs have been found in human blood and multiple tissues, suggesting that they are readily absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and widely distributed. Growing toxicological evidence suggests that ingested MNPs may pose a serious health threat. The potential genotoxicity of MNPs, however, remains largely unknown. In this study, genotoxicity of primary and environmentally relevant secondary MNPs was assessed in a triculture small intestinal epithelium (SIE) model using the CometChip assay. Aqueous suspensions of 25 and 1000 nm carboxylated polystyrene spheres (PS25C and PS1KC), and incinerated polyethylene (PEI PM0.1) were subjected to simulated GIT digestion to create physiologically relevant exposures (digestas), which were applied to the SIE model at final MNP concentrations of 1, 5, and 20 μg/mL for 24 or 48 h. PS25C and PS1KC induced DNA damage in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. To our knowledge, this is one of the first assessment of MNP genotoxicity in an integrated in vitro ingestion platform including simulated GIT digestion and a triculture SIE model. These findings suggest that ingestion of high concentrations of carboxylated PS MNPs could have serious genotoxic consequences in the SIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenning Yang
- Nanoscience and Advanced Materials Center, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; (Z.Y.); (G.M.D.)
- Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA;
| | - Glen M. DeLoid
- Nanoscience and Advanced Materials Center, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; (Z.Y.); (G.M.D.)
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA;
| | - Joshua Baw
- Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA;
| | - Helmut Zarbl
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA;
- School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Philip Demokritou
- Nanoscience and Advanced Materials Center, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; (Z.Y.); (G.M.D.)
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA;
- School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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5
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Solorio-Rodriguez SA, Wu D, Boyadzhiev A, Christ C, Williams A, Halappanavar S. A Systematic Genotoxicity Assessment of a Suite of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Reveals Their DNA Damaging and Clastogenic Potential. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:743. [PMID: 38727337 PMCID: PMC11085103 DOI: 10.3390/nano14090743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Metal oxide nanoparticles (MONP/s) induce DNA damage, which is influenced by their physicochemical properties. In this study, the high-throughput CometChip and micronucleus (MicroFlow) assays were used to investigate DNA and chromosomal damage in mouse lung epithelial cells induced by nano and bulk sizes of zinc oxide, copper oxide, manganese oxide, nickel oxide, aluminum oxide, cerium oxide, titanium dioxide, and iron oxide. Ionic forms of MONPs were also included. The study evaluated the impact of solubility, surface coating, and particle size on response. Correlation analysis showed that solubility in the cell culture medium was positively associated with response in both assays, with the nano form showing the same or higher response than larger particles. A subtle reduction in DNA damage response was observed post-exposure to some surface-coated MONPs. The observed difference in genotoxicity highlighted the mechanistic differences in the MONP-induced response, possibly influenced by both particle stability and chemical composition. The results highlight that combinations of properties influence response to MONPs and that solubility alone, while playing an important role, is not enough to explain the observed toxicity. The results have implications on the potential application of read-across strategies in support of human health risk assessment of MONPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Aidee Solorio-Rodriguez
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A0K9, Canada; (S.A.S.-R.); (D.W.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (A.W.)
| | - Dongmei Wu
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A0K9, Canada; (S.A.S.-R.); (D.W.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (A.W.)
| | - Andrey Boyadzhiev
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A0K9, Canada; (S.A.S.-R.); (D.W.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (A.W.)
| | - Callum Christ
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A0K9, Canada; (S.A.S.-R.); (D.W.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (A.W.)
| | - Andrew Williams
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A0K9, Canada; (S.A.S.-R.); (D.W.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (A.W.)
| | - Sabina Halappanavar
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A0K9, Canada; (S.A.S.-R.); (D.W.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (A.W.)
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N6N5, Canada
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Köksal Karayildirim Ç. Preparation, Characterization, and Antiangiogenic Evaluation of a Novel 5-Fluorouracil Derivative Solid Lipid Nanoparticle with a Hen's Egg Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay and Wound Healing Response in HaCaT Keratinocytes. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:16640-16647. [PMID: 38617689 PMCID: PMC11007769 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
5-Fluorouracil is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound, and it is commonly used as a chemotherapeutic agent in many cancers. The present goal is to analyze and characterize the physicochemical and biological properties of a new therapeutic formulation of 5-FUD-Gal under simulated chronic wound and oxidative stress conditions. After synthesis of a new 5-fluorouracil derivative, preparation and characterization of the formulation were carried out. The antiangiogenic effect, wound healing, and oxidative stress responses were conducted with a HET-CAM assay and in vitro cell culture technique. The results initially demonstrated that 5-FUD-Gal synthesized by a series of reactions and the SLN formulation were prepared successfully. A strong cell protective effect above 98% cell viability was detected at 20 μM at 48 h. The wound closure of the HaCaT scratch assay was calculated to be 90.12 and 98.98% at 10 and 20 μM concentrations, respectively, at 48 h. Moreover, the strongest effect of 5-FUD-Gal-F was observed at 20 μM concentration on chicken embryos. This study provides novel insights that a new derivative of semisynthetic 5-FUD-Gal-F can be further evaluated as a therapeutic chemical compound in cancer disease.
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Pereira AR, Campos AS, Matos MJ, Maistro EL. Study of the DNA damage and cell death in human peripheral blood mononuclear and HepG2/C3A cells exposed to the synthetic 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxycoumarin. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2024; 87:33-46. [PMID: 37886814 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2023.2274331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxycoumarins are an important source of biologically active compounds. Previous studies have shown that the number and position of the hydroxyl substituents in the scaffold play an important role for the observed biological activity. In the present study, 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxycoumarin was synthesized, and potential cytogenotoxic effects determined in human HepG2/C3A cells displaying phase 1 and phase 2 enzymes (metabolizing cell ability) and compared to human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) without xenobiotics metabolizing capacity. Cell viability was determined with concentrations between 0.01 and 10 µg/ml of 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxycoumarin using MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) and trypan blue tests. Genotoxicity was determined utilizing the comet assay, and the clastogenic/aneugenic potential employing the micronucleus (MN) test. The results of the in vitro cytotoxicity assays showed a significant decrease in cell viability of PBMC following exposure to 10 µg/ml concentration of the studied compound after 48 and 72 hr. Comet assay observations noted significant DNA damage in PBMC after 4 hr treatment. No marked cytogenotoxic effects were found in HepG2/C3A cells. No chromosomal mutations were observed in both cell lines. It is important to note that 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxycoumarin may exert beneficial pharmacological actions at the low micromolar range and with half-life less than 24 hr. Therefore, the results obtained encourage the continuation of studies on this new molecule for medicinal purposes, but its potential toxicity at higher concentrations and longer exposure times needs to be investigated in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Rogerio Pereira
- Faculty of Philosophy and Sciences, Speech and Hearing Therapy Department, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Marília, SP, Brazil
| | - Ashley Silva Campos
- Faculty of Philosophy and Sciences, Speech and Hearing Therapy Department, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Marília, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria João Matos
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, España
| | - Edson Luis Maistro
- Faculty of Philosophy and Sciences, Speech and Hearing Therapy Department, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Marília, SP, Brazil
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Cant A, Bado-Nilles A, Porcher JM, Bolzan D, Prygiel J, Catteau A, Turiès C, Geffard A, Bonnard M. Application of the Fpg-modified comet assay on three-spined stickleback in freshwater biomonitoring: toward a multi-biomarker approach of genotoxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-30756-6. [PMID: 37989949 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30756-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic species are exposed to a wide spectrum of substances, which can compromise their genomic integrity by inducing DNA damage or oxidative stress. Genotoxicity biomarkers as DNA strand breaks and chromosomal damages developed on sentinel species have already proved to be relevant in aquatic biomonitoring. However, these biomarkers do not reflect DNA oxidative lesions, i.e., the 8-oxodG, recognized as pre-mutagenic lesion if not or mis-repaired in human biomonitoring. The relevance to include the measure of these lesions by using the Fpg-modified comet assay on erythrocytes of the three-spined stickleback was investigated. An optimization step of the Fpg-modified comet assay considering enzyme buffer impact, Fpg concentration, and incubation time has been performed. Then, this measure was integrated in a battery of genotoxicity and cytotoxicity biomarkers (considering DNA strand breaks, DNA content variation, and cell apoptosis/necrosis and density) and applied in a freshwater monitoring program on six stations of the Artois Picardie watershed (3-week caging of control fish). These biomarkers allowed to discriminate the stations regarding the genotoxic potential of water bodies and specifically by the measure of oxidative DNA lesions, which seem to be a promising tool in environmental genotoxicity risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Cant
- Institut National de L'Environnement Industriel Et Des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Moulin de La Housse, B.P. 1039, 51687, Reims, France
| | - Anne Bado-Nilles
- Institut National de L'Environnement Industriel Et Des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Jean-Marc Porcher
- Institut National de L'Environnement Industriel Et Des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Dorothée Bolzan
- Agence de L'Eau Artois-Picardie, Centre Tertiaire de L'Arsenal, BP 80818, 59508, Douai Cedex, France
| | - Jean Prygiel
- Agence de L'Eau Artois-Picardie, Centre Tertiaire de L'Arsenal, BP 80818, 59508, Douai Cedex, France
| | - Audrey Catteau
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Moulin de La Housse, B.P. 1039, 51687, Reims, France
| | - Cyril Turiès
- Institut National de L'Environnement Industriel Et Des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Alain Geffard
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Moulin de La Housse, B.P. 1039, 51687, Reims, France
| | - Marc Bonnard
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Moulin de La Housse, B.P. 1039, 51687, Reims, France.
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Xue B, Yang Q, Jin Y, Zhu Q, Lan J, Lin Y, Tan J, Liu L, Zhang T, Chirwa EMN, Zhou X. Genotoxicity Assessment of Haloacetaldehyde Disinfection Byproducts via a Simplified Yeast-Based Toxicogenomics Assay. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:16823-16833. [PMID: 37874250 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c04956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Haloacetaldehydes (HALs) represent the third-largest category of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) in drinking water in terms of weight. As a subset of unregulated DBPs, only a few HALs have undergone assessment, yielding limited information regarding their genotoxicity mechanisms. Herein, we developed a simplified yeast-based toxicogenomics assay to evaluate the genotoxicity of five specific HALs. This assay recorded the protein expression profiles of eight Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains fused with green fluorescent protein, including all known DNA damage and repair pathways. High-resolution real-time pathway activation data and protein expression profiles in conjunction with clustering analysis revealed that the five HALs induced various DNA damage and repair pathways. Among these, chloroacetaldehyde and trichloroacetaldehyde were found to be positively associated with genotoxicity, while dichloroacetaldehyde, bromoacetaldehyde, and tribromoacetaldehyde displayed negative associations. The protein effect level index, which are molecular end points derived from a toxicogenomics assay, exhibited a statistically significant positive correlation with the results of traditional genotoxicity assays, such as the comet assay (rp = 0.830 and p < 0.001) and SOS/umu assay (rp = 0.786 and p = 0.004). This yeast-based toxicogenomics assay, which employs a minimal set of gene biomarkers, can be used for mechanistic genotoxicity screening and assessment of HALs and other chemical compounds. These results contribute to bridging the knowledge gap regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying the genotoxicity of HALs and enable the categorization of HALs based on their distinct DNA damage and repair mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyuan Xue
- State Key Joint Laboratory of ESPC, Center for Sensor Technology of Environment and Health, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qian Yang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of ESPC, Center for Sensor Technology of Environment and Health, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yushi Jin
- State Key Joint Laboratory of ESPC, Center for Sensor Technology of Environment and Health, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qian Zhu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of ESPC, Center for Sensor Technology of Environment and Health, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jiaqi Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yishan Lin
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Jisui Tan
- State Key Joint Laboratory of ESPC, Center for Sensor Technology of Environment and Health, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lanhua Liu
- School of Ecology & Environmental Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | | | - Xiaohong Zhou
- State Key Joint Laboratory of ESPC, Center for Sensor Technology of Environment and Health, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Lestari MI, Murti K, Liberty IA, Hafy Z, Linardi V, Khoirudin M, Umar TP. Waste anesthetic gases have a significant association with deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 2,732 participants. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19988. [PMID: 37810053 PMCID: PMC10559673 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Operating room workers are at risk of experiencing adverse effects due to occupational exposure to waste anesthetic gases (WAGs). One of the consequences of long-term WAGs exposure is the probability of developing deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage. This systematic review investigated the link between WAGs and DNA damage in operating room workers. Methods PubMed, Science Direct, ProQuest, Scopus, and EbscoHost, as well as hand-searching, were used to find literature on the relationship between WAGs and DNA damage. Three independent reviewers independently assessed the study's quality. Meta-analysis was conducted for several DNA damage indicators, such as comet assay (DNA damage score, tail's length, tail's DNA percentage), micronuclei formation, and total chromosomal aberration. Results This systematic review included 29 eligible studies (2732 participants). The majority of the studies used a cross-sectional design. From our meta-analysis, which compared the extent of DNA damage in operating room workers to the unexposed group, operating room workers exposed to WAGs had a significantly higher DNA damage indicator, including DNA damage score, comet tail's length, comet tail's DNA percentage, micronuclei formation, and total chromosomal aberration (p < 0.05) than non-exposed group. Conclusion Waste anesthetic gases have been found to significantly impact DNA damage indicators in operating room personnel, including comet assay, micronuclei development, and chromosomal aberration. To reduce the impact of exposure, hospital and operating room personnel should take preventive measures, such as by adapting scavenger method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayang Indah Lestari
- Doctoral Study Program in Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya, Dr. RSUP. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang, RS. Siti Fatimah, Palembang, Indonesia
| | - Krisna Murti
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya-RSUP Dr. Mohammad Hoesin, Palembang, Indonesia
| | - Iche Andriyani Liberty
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia
| | - Zen Hafy
- Doctoral Study Program in Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia
| | - Violantina Linardi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Khoirudin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia
| | - Tungki Pratama Umar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia
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Boutefaha Z, Diab KA, Gheraibia S, El-Nekeety AA, Belattar N, Hassan ME, Abdel-Aziem SH, Hassan NS, Abdel-Wahhab MA. Screening of the phytochemical constituents of Teucrium polium extract and evaluation of their prophylactic role against the oxidative damage and cytotoxicity of Aflatoxin B 1 in rats. Toxicon 2023; 233:107252. [PMID: 37597789 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2023.107252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is common carcinogen causing acute and chronic hepatocyte injuries. This study aimed to determine the bioactive components of Teucrium polium methanolic extract (TPE) and to evaluate their protective role against AFB1-induced oxidative damage, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity in rats. Six groups of male albino rats were treated orally for 4 weeks including the control group, the ِAFB1-treated group (80 μg/kg b.w.), the groups treated with low (LD) or high (HD) dose TPE (50 or 100 mg/kg b.w.), and the groups treated with AFB1 plus TEP (LD) or TPE (HD). Blood and serum samples were collected for different assays. The GC-MS identified 34 compounds, the major compounds were pinene, germacrene D, α-cadinol, α-thujene, epi-bicyclosesquiphellandrene, and limonene. Animals that received AFB1 showed significant changes in all indicators of oxidative stress, biochemistry, cytokines, MNPCEs, comet tail formation in bone marrow, mRNA expression of inflammatory-related genes, Nrf2, and iNOS beside histological changes in the liver. TPE at the two doses tested showed insignificant changes in all tested parameters. The extract could normalize most of these parameters and the hepatic structure in AFB1-treated animals in a dose-dependent fashion. therefore, we concluded that TPE supplementation is effective for protection against AFB1 in endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zineddine Boutefaha
- Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Nature and Life, Ferhat Abbes University, Setif 1, Algeria
| | - Kawthar A Diab
- Genetics and Cytology Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sara Gheraibia
- Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Nature and Life, Ferhat Abbes University, Setif 1, Algeria
| | - Aziza A El-Nekeety
- Food Toxicology & Contaminants Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Noureddine Belattar
- Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Nature and Life, Ferhat Abbes University, Setif 1, Algeria
| | - Marwa E Hassan
- Toxicology Dept., Research Institute of Medical Entomology, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Nabila S Hassan
- Pathology Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mosaad A Abdel-Wahhab
- Food Toxicology & Contaminants Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
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12
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Praphasawat R, Thakaew S, Rawangkan A, Thongboontho R, Sooksaen P, Laovittayangkoon S, Klajing W, Jaengpromma P, Kunsorn P, Suwannalert P, Payuhakrit W. Anticancer and Antimutagenic Properties of Pogonatherum paniceum on Colorectal Cancer Cells. World J Oncol 2023; 14:266-276. [PMID: 37560340 PMCID: PMC10409559 DOI: 10.14740/wjon1602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pogonatherum paniceum (P. paniceum) (Lam.) Hack. plays an important role in detoxification. However, its anticancer activity has not yet been elucidated. The aim of our study was to examine the suppressive proliferation, anti-migration and mutagenic/antimutagenic properties of P. paniceum. Moreover, we set out to determine the cellular mechanism underlying its antiproliferation. METHODS To investigate P. paniceum's anticancer ability, HCT116 and HT29 cell lines were treated with a water extract containing P. paniceum, and then the cell viability was examined using the trypan blue exclusion method which were compared to HEK293 (non-cancerous cells). The anticancer effects were investigated by MTS (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium) and colony formation assay. Apoptosis induction, cell cycle distribution, and migration abilities were assessed by cell death detection enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA), flow cytometry, and wound healing assay. Finally, the mutagenicity and antimutagenicity were evaluated using the micronucleus assay. RESULTS Treatment with P. paniceum caused a loss of cell viability in HCT116 and HT29 cells (not found in HEK293), which had an IC50 (half-maximal inhibitory concentration) of 1,156.2 and 1,207.0 µg/mL, respectively. We found that P. paniceum significantly inhibited the proliferative function of HCT116 and HT29 cells. To find the mechanism that exerts a suppressive proliferation effect on P. paniceum, we determined the DNA fragmentation and cell cycle distribution. We also found that P. paniceum treatment increased apoptosis and arrested of the cell cycle at G0/G1 remarkably when compared with the control group. Moreover, P. paniceum could decrease the migration of HCT116 and HT29 cancer cells. Finally, the treatment of P. paniceum did not induce micronucleus formation but did decrease the micronucleus frequency against mutagen-mitomycin C. CONCLUSIONS P. paniceum did not possess any toxicity (cytotoxic and mutagenic) but has the potential for anticancer activity against human colorectal cells by increasing apoptosis, which leads to the suppression of cell proliferation. P. paniceum also inhibits cell migration and exerts antimutagenicity, thereby suggesting that P. paniceum might be useful for colorectal cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratsada Praphasawat
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
| | - Sinittra Thakaew
- Division of Microbiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
| | - Anchalee Rawangkan
- Division of Microbiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
| | - Rungthip Thongboontho
- Division of Biochemistry, School of Medical Science, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
| | - Pornchai Sooksaen
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
| | - Sarunya Laovittayangkoon
- Expert Centre of Innovative Herbal Products (InnoHerb), Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research (TISTR), Techno Polis, Khlong Luang District, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Warangkhana Klajing
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
| | - Pongnared Jaengpromma
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
| | - Paween Kunsorn
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Prasit Suwannalert
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Witchuda Payuhakrit
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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13
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de Quadros APO, Baraldi IB, Petreanu M, Niero R, Mantovani MS, De Mascarenhas Gaivão IO, Maistro EL. Cytogenotoxic evaluations of leaves and stems extracts of Rubus rosifolius in primary metabolically noncompetent cells. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2023; 86:361-371. [PMID: 37096566 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2023.2203190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Plants with medicinal potential may also produce adverse effects in humans. This seems to be the case for the species Rubus rosifolius, where preliminary studies demonstrated genotoxic effects attributed to extracts obtained from leaves and stems of this plant using on HepG2/C3A human hepatoma cells as a model. Considering the beneficial properties of this plant as an antidiarrheal, analgesic, antimicrobial, and antihypertensive and its effects in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases, the present study was developed with the aim of determining the cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of extracts of leaves and stems of R. rosifolius in primary without metabolic competence in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Cell viability analyses at concentrations of between 0.01 and 100 µg/ml of both extracts did not markedly affect cell viability. In contrast, assessment of the genotoxic potential using the comet assay demonstrated significant damage to DNA within PBMC from a concentration of 10 µg/ml in the stem extract, and a clastogenic/aneugenic response without cytokinesis-block proliferation index (CBPI) alterations at concentrations of 10, 20, or 100 µg/ml for both extracts. Under our experimental conditions, the data obtained demonstrated genotoxic and mutagenic effects attributed to extracts from leaves and stems of R. rosifolius in cells in the absence of hepatic metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Oliveira de Quadros
- Post-Graduate Program on General and Applied Biology, São Paulo State University - UNESP - Biosciences Institute, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Isabel Bragança Baraldi
- Speech and Hearing Therapy Department, São Paulo State University - UNESP - Faculty of Philosophy and Sciences, Marília, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcel Petreanu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vale do Itajaí University (UNIVALI), Itajaí, SC, Brazil
| | - Rivaldo Niero
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vale do Itajaí University (UNIVALI), Itajaí, SC, Brazil
| | | | | | - Edson Luis Maistro
- Post-Graduate Program on General and Applied Biology, São Paulo State University - UNESP - Biosciences Institute, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
- Speech and Hearing Therapy Department, São Paulo State University - UNESP - Faculty of Philosophy and Sciences, Marília, SP, Brazil
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14
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Gnocchi KG, Boldrini-França J, Passos LS, Gomes AS, Coppo GC, Pereira TM, Chippari-Gomes AR. Multiple biomarkers response of Astyanax lacustris (Teleostei: Characidae) exposed to manganese and temperature increase. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 100:104124. [PMID: 37044292 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the toxicity of Mn (6.65 mg/L) at different exposure times (96 h, 7, 14, and 21 days) and evaluate its possible toxic effects on the fish Astyanax lacustris through multi-biomarkers and the maximum critical temperature (CT Max). The results show an increase in the Mn accumulation (liver and gills) with increasing exposure time. The glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity showed differences in the group exposed to Mn for 96 h compared to the group exposed for 21 days. The acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity increased in the fish exposed for 7 days compared to the control group. On the other hand, no genotoxic changes were observed. The CT Max showed that the loss of equilibrium of 50% of the fish occurs at a temperature of 39ºC, with and without the Mn presence. Furthermore, the catalase gene expression (oxidative stress) did not show alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Giavarini Gnocchi
- Laboratory of Applied Ichthyology, Vila Velha University, Rua José Dantas de Melo, 29102-770 Vila Velha, Brazil
| | - Johara Boldrini-França
- Laboratory of Applied Ichthyology, Vila Velha University, Rua José Dantas de Melo, 29102-770 Vila Velha, Brazil
| | - Larissa Souza Passos
- Laboratory of Applied Ichthyology, Vila Velha University, Rua José Dantas de Melo, 29102-770 Vila Velha, Brazil; Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Av. Centenário, 13416-000 Piracicaba, Brazil.
| | - Aline Silva Gomes
- Laboratory of Applied Ichthyology, Vila Velha University, Rua José Dantas de Melo, 29102-770 Vila Velha, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Carvalho Coppo
- Laboratory of Applied Ichthyology, Vila Velha University, Rua José Dantas de Melo, 29102-770 Vila Velha, Brazil; Benthic Ecology Group, Department of Oceanography, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 29055-460 Vitória, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Miura Pereira
- Laboratory of Applied Ichthyology, Vila Velha University, Rua José Dantas de Melo, 29102-770 Vila Velha, Brazil
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15
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Sandoval-Herrera N, Castillo JP, Ching MEA, Herrera M LG, Faure PA, Welch K. Non-destructive methods to assess pesticide exposure in free-living bats. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 870:162011. [PMID: 36737017 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Bat populations are dwindling worldwide due to anthropogenic activities like agriculture, however the role that pesticide exposure plays on these declines is unclear. To address these research gaps, we first need to develop reliable methods to detect and monitor exposure to environmental pollutants and its effects on free-living bats. The use of biomarkers is a sensitive and informative tool to study sublethal effects in wildlife, however it requires laboratory validation and integrative approaches to be applicable to free-living species. In this study, we propose a set of non-destructive biomarkers to evaluate pesticide exposure in free-ranging bats and validated their suitability with dose-exposure experiments in captivity. We selected three biomarkers that have been widely used in vertebrate ecotoxicology and that combined represent sensitive, specific, and ecologically relevant responses to pollutants: DNA damage, AChE activity, and leukocyte profiles. We used two insectivorous bat species as model species Eptesicus fuscus (laboratory) and Pteronotus mexicanus (field). We found that micronuclei frequency (genotoxicity) and AChE activity (exposure and neurotoxicity) were robust indicators of toxicant exposure. The validity of this set of endpoints was supported by their consistent performance in laboratory and field experiments as well as by the significant correlation among them. Leukocyte profile (systemic stress) results were not consistent between laboratory and field studies, suggesting further evaluation of its suitability is needed. Integrative approaches, like the one we used here, maximize the insights about toxicant effects by combining the information of single biomarkers into more meaningful inferences, which can be applied to environmental risk assessments in wildlife. Furthermore, the use of non-destructive, cost-effective biomarkers is imperative when assessing toxicant exposure and effects in vulnerable wildlife and it should be a priority in the field of wildlife toxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Sandoval-Herrera
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Jesusa Paz Castillo
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ma Enrica Angela Ching
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - L Gerardo Herrera M
- Estación de Biología Chamela, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, San Patricio, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Paul A Faure
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kenneth Welch
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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16
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Abd-Allah ER, Fouad NY, Ghareeb AEWE, Eldebss TMA. Chloroacetonitrile reduces rat prenatal bone length and induces oxidative stress, apoptosis, and DNA damage in rat fetal liver. Birth Defects Res 2023; 115:614-632. [PMID: 36751045 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.2155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
One of the disinfection byproducts of chlorinating drinking water is chloroacetonitrile (CAN). Thirty-six female rats were used and distributed equally into four groups. The low dose treated group received CAN at a dose of 5.5 mg/kg body weight/day (1/40 LD50 ) orally from the 6th to 12th day of gestation. The high dose treated group received 11 mg/kg body weight/day (1/20 LD50 ) of CAN orally for the same period, the vehicle control group received 1 mL of corn oil, and the water control group received 1 mL of distilled water orally for the same period. High dose exposure to CAN significantly reduced gravid uterine weight, fetal body weights, and length, and caused obvious skeletal deformities, weak mineralization. Fetal tibial growth plates displayed histopathologic changes. Induced oxidative stress and redox imbalance in fetal liver tissues was evidenced by significantly decreased in catalase and superoxide dismutase activity, and elevated malondialdehyde levels. Histopathological, glycogen content changes, and DNA damage were observed in the fetal liver of high dose treated group. Additionally, administration of high dose of CAN induced apoptosis, evidenced by increased caspase-3 concentration in fetal liver. Thus, extensive exposure to CAN induces poor pregnancy outcomes. CAN levels in water should be monitored regularly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Entsar R Abd-Allah
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Egypt
| | - Nourhan Y Fouad
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Taha M A Eldebss
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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17
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Piccini I, Macrì M, Gea M, Dessì L, Bonetta S, Schilirò T, Santovito A, Bonelli S. Genotoxic effects of particulate matter on larvae of a common and widespread butterfly along an urbanization gradient. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 252:114638. [PMID: 36791502 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Biodiversity is currently declining worldwide. Several threats have been identified such as habitat loss and climate change. It is unknown if and how air pollution can work in addition or in synergy to these threats, contributing to the decline of current species and/or local extinction. Few studies have investigated the effects of particulate matter (PM), the main component of air pollution, on insects, and no studies have investigated its genotoxic effects through Micronucleus assay. Butterflies play an important role in the environment, as herbivores during larval stages, and as pollinators as adults. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genotoxic effects of PM10 from different sites along a gradient of population urbanization, on a common cabbage butterfly species (Pieris brassicae). PM10 was collected from April to September in an urban (Turin, Italy), a suburban (Druento, Italy) and a mountain site (Ceresole Reale, Italy) with different urbanization levels. P. brassicae larvae (n = 218) were reared in the laboratory under controlled conditions (26 °C, L:D 15:9) on cabbage plants (average 9.2 days), and they were exposed to PM10 organic extracts (20 and 40 m3/mL) or dimethyl sulfoxide (controls) through vaporization. After exposure, larvae were dissected and cells were used for the Micronucleus (MN) assay. Results showed that all PM extracts induced significant DNA damage in exposed larvae compared to controls, and that increasing the PM dose (from 20 to 40 m3/mL) increased genotoxic effects. However, we did not detect any significant differences between sites with different urbanization levels. In conclusion, PM at different concentrations induced genotoxic effects on larvae of a common butterfly species. More alarmingly, PM could work in addition to and/or in synergy with other compounds (e.g. pesticides) and, especially on species already threatened by other factors (e.g. fragmentation), thus affecting the vitality of populations, leading to local extinctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Piccini
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
| | - Manuela Macrì
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Marta Gea
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Luca Dessì
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Sara Bonetta
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Tiziana Schilirò
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Alfredo Santovito
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Simona Bonelli
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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18
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Andrioli NB, Nieves M, Poltronieri M, Bonzon C, Chaufan G. Genotoxic effects induced for sub-cytotoxic concentrations of tebuconazole fungicide in HEp-2 cell line. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 373:110385. [PMID: 36754225 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Tebuconazole (TB) is an active ingredient in formulations applied to control of fungal diseases in plants and classified as a possible human carcinogen. In the present study, the sub-cytotoxic concentrations of TB were evaluated for genotoxicity response in HEp-2 cell line. The HEp-2 cell line was exposed to 20, 40, and 50 μg/mL of TB in the Cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay and 40, 60, and 80 μg/mL in the comet assay (CA). Both negative centromere micronuclei (MNC-) as DNA damage were induced by the concentrations of TB assayed, suggesting a mostly clastogenic effect. The results obtained from the comet assay suggest that part of the endogenous DNA damage in the HEp-2 cell line could be repaired in presence of low TB concentrations by promoting the damage response. In conclusion, exposition to sub-cytotoxic concentrations of TB induces genotoxicity in the HEp-2 cell line. Therefore, the safety of their application should be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy B Andrioli
- GIBE (Grupo de Investigación en Biología Evolutiva), FCEyN-UBA, IEGEBA -CONICET (Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires - Consejo de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Mariela Nieves
- Centro de Investigaciones en Reproducción Humana y Experimental (CIRHE)-CEMIC, CONICET, A. Galván 4102, Subsuelo, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariel Poltronieri
- IQUIBICEN-CONICET (Laboratorio de Enzimología Estrés y Metabolismo, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires - Consejo de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Chiara Bonzon
- IQUIBICEN-CONICET (Laboratorio de Enzimología Estrés y Metabolismo, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires - Consejo de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Chaufan
- IQUIBICEN-CONICET (Laboratorio de Enzimología Estrés y Metabolismo, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires - Consejo de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Macrì M, Gea M, Piccini I, Dessì L, Santovito A, Bonelli S, Schilirò T, Bonetta S. Cabbage butterfly as bioindicator species to investigate the genotoxic effects of PM 10. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:45285-45294. [PMID: 36705823 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25510-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric pollution poses a serious threat to environment and human health, and particulate matter (PM) is one of the major contributors. Biological effects induced by PM are investigated through in vitro assays using cells and by in vivo tests with laboratory model animals. However, also the estimation of adverse effects of pollutants, including airborne ones, on wild animals, such as insects, is an essential component of environmental risk assessment. Among insects, butterflies are sensitive to environmental changes and are important wild pollinators, so they might be suitable as environmental bioindicator species. The aim of this study was to evaluate the suitability of a wild cabbage butterfly species (Pieris brassicae) as a bioindicator organism to assess the genotoxic effects of PM10 collected in different sites. PM10 was collected from April to September in urban, suburban, and rural sites. P. brassicae larvae were reared in laboratory under controlled conditions on cabbage plants and exposed to PM10 organic extracts or dimethyl sulfoxide (controls) through vaporization. After exposure, larvae were dissected, and cells were used for comet assay. All PM extracts induced significant DNA damage in exposed larvae compared to controls and the extract collected in the most polluted site caused the highest genotoxic effect. In conclusion, the study suggested that butterflies, such as P. brassicae, could be applied as sensitive and promising bioindicators to investigate air quality and PM genotoxicity. Indeed, the use of these organisms allows the detection of genotoxic effects induced by PM sampled also in low-polluted areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Macrì
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123, Torino, Italy
| | - Marta Gea
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 Bis, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Irene Piccini
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123, Torino, Italy
| | - Luca Dessì
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123, Torino, Italy
| | - Alfredo Santovito
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123, Torino, Italy
| | - Simona Bonelli
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123, Torino, Italy
| | - Tiziana Schilirò
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 Bis, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Sara Bonetta
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 Bis, 10126, Torino, Italy.
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Abrão SMS, Gregorio D, Azevedo MKCD, Mori GG, Poli-Frederico RC, Maia LP. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of Bio-C Repair, Endosequence BC Root Repair, MTA Angelus and MTA Repair HP. Braz Dent J 2023; 34:14-20. [PMID: 37194852 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202305047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim was to evaluate in vitro cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of Bio-C Repair (BCR), compared to Endosequence BC Root Repair (ERRM), MTA Angelus (MTA-Ang), and MTA Repair HP (MTA-HP). MC3T3 osteoblastic cells were exposed to extracts of the repairing bioceramic cements. After 1, 3, and 7 days, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity were evaluated by MTT and Micronucleus tests, respectively. Cells not exposed to biomaterials were used as a negative control. Data were compared using ANOVA two-way, followed by the Tukey Test (α=5%). MTA-Ang and MTA-HP showed no difference in relation to control regarding cytotoxicity in any experimental times. BCR and ERRM reduced cell viability after 3 and 7 days (p<0.05); however, the reduction caused by BCR was less than that caused by ERRM. Considering the micronucleus formation, all biomaterials caused an increase after 3 and 7 days (p<0.05), being greater for the BCR and ERRM groups. It can be concluded that BCR is non-cytotoxic in osteoblastic cells, as well as MTA-Ang e MTA Repair HP. BCR and ERRM showed greater genotoxicity than others tested biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Danielle Gregorio
- Graduate Program in Dentistry of the University Pitagoras Unopar (UNOPAR), Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Graziela Garrido Mori
- Graduate Program in Dentistry of the University of Western Sao Paulo (UNOESTE). Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Luciana Prado Maia
- Graduate Program in Dentistry of the University Pitagoras Unopar (UNOPAR), Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Dentistry of the University of Western Sao Paulo (UNOESTE). Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil
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Rubus rosifolius (Rosaceae) stem extract induces cell injury and apoptosis in human hepatoma cell line. Toxicol In Vitro 2023; 86:105485. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2022.105485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Finlayson KA, van de Merwe JP, Leusch FDL. Review of ecologically relevant in vitro bioassays to supplement current in vivo tests for whole effluent toxicity testing - Part 2: Non-apical endpoints. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 851:158094. [PMID: 35987232 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Whole effluent toxicity (WET) testing uses whole animal exposures to assess the toxicity of complex mixtures, like wastewater. These assessments typically include four apical endpoints: mortality, growth, development, and reproduction. In the last decade, there has been a shift to alternative methods that align with the 3Rs to replace, reduce, and refine the use of animals in research. In vitro bioassays can provide a cost-effective, high-throughput, ethical alternative to in vivo assays. In addition, they can potentially include additional, more sensitive, environmentally relevant endpoints than traditional toxicity tests. However, the ecological relevance of these endpoints must be established before they are adopted into regulatory frameworks. This is Part 2 of a two-part review that aims to identify in vitro bioassays that are linked to ecologically relevant endpoints that could be included in WET testing. Part 2 of this review focuses on non-apical endpoints that should be incorporated into WET testing. In addition to the four apical endpoints addressed in Part 1, this review identified seven additional toxic outcomes: endocrine disruption, xenobiotic metabolism, carcinogenicity, oxidative stress, inflammation, immunotoxicity and neurotoxicity. For each, the response at the molecular or cellular level measured in vitro was linked to the response at the organism level through a toxicity pathway. Literature from 2015 to 2020 was used to identify suitable bioassays that could be incorporated into WET testing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jason P van de Merwe
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Australia; School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Frederic D L Leusch
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Australia; School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
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Silva de Carvalho V, Melo Lima KM, Calandrini de Azevedo LF, Panarra Ferreira Gomes das Neves PA, Borges RDS, Nagamachi CY, Pieczarka JC. New derivative of trans-dehydrocrotonin isolated from Croton cajucara shows reduced cytotoxic and genotoxic effects in hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell line. Toxicon 2022; 220:106940. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2022.106940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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de Barros MC, Silva AGB, Souza TGDS, Chagas CA, Machado JCB, Ferreira MRA, Soares LAL, Xavier VL, de Araújo LCC, Borba EFDO, da Silva TG, Alves RRDV, Coelho LCBB, de Oliveira AM, Napoleão TH, Paiva PMG. Evaluation of acute toxicity, 28-day repeated dose toxicity, and genotoxicity of Moringa oleifera leaves infusion and powder. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 296:115504. [PMID: 35760258 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves infusion and powder are widely used by population due the nutritional and medicinal potentials, however data regarding safety of use are still inconclusive, leading to prohibition of this plant in some countries. AIM OF THE STUDY The present work investigated the nutritional and phytochemical composition, acute and 28-day repeated dose toxicity, and genotoxicity of M. oleifera leaves infusion and powder. MATERIALS AND METHODS For nutritional characterization of leaf powder, it was determined: humidity; mineral residue (ash); total lipid, protein, carbohydrate, and crude fiber contents; and total caloric value. Phytochemical composition was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The acute toxicity assay used Swiss female albino mice and oral administration in a single dose at 2000 and 5000 mg/kg of infusion or powder. The 28-day repeated dose toxicity assay employed female and male mice, with oral administration of infusion or powder at the doses 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg. The animals were evaluated for body weight, water and feed consumption, biochemical and hematological parameters, and histology of the liver, spleen, and kidneys. In vivo genotoxicity and mutagenicity (2000 mg/kg) were evaluated by the comet assay and the micronucleus test, respectively. RESULTS Nutritional characterization confirmed that M. oleifera leaves are rich in proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, minerals, and fiber. HPLC indicated the presence of flavonoids and cinnamic derivatives as major polyphenols. Acute toxicity did not reveal alterations in weight gain and water and feed consumptions and no change in biochemical, hematological, and histological parameters. Behavior alterations was observed in the first 2 h after administration at 5000 mg/kg in both treatments. Infusion did not present toxicity when administered for 28 days. Conversely, the powder at 500 and 1000 mg/kg promoted liver and kidney damages observed through biochemical parameters and histopathology. Genotoxicity and mutagenicity were not detected at 2000 mg/kg. CONCLUSIONS The present study reveals that M. oleifera leaves are an important source of polyphenols and nutrients. Indiscriminate use of both infusion and crude leaf powder above 2000 mg/kg and powder at 500 and 1000 mg/kg are not recommended. Chronic toxicological studies and establishment of preparation protocols are suggested aiming to guarantee the safety in the use of M. oleifera leaves as nutraceutical by population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Cristiano Aparecido Chagas
- Centro Acadêmico de Vitória, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | - Janaína Carla Barbosa Machado
- Departamento de Farmácia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | | | - Luiz Alberto Lira Soares
- Departamento de Farmácia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | - Viviane Lansky Xavier
- Departamento de Nutrição, Centro Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Larissa Cardoso Corrêa de Araújo
- Departamento de Antibióticos, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | | | - Teresinha Gonçalves da Silva
- Departamento de Antibióticos, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
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Diab KA, Fahmy MA, Hassan EM, El-Toumy SA. Evaluation of the cytotoxic, anticancer, and genotoxic activities of Acacia nilotica flowers and their effects on N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced genotoxicity in mice. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:8439-8448. [PMID: 35934768 PMCID: PMC9463273 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07662-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Purpose In this study, two main research objectives were examined: (1) the cytotoxic and anticancer activities of the aqueous methanol extract from Acacia nilotica flowers on three human cancer cells, namely lung A549, breast MCF-7, and leukemia THP-1 cells, and (2) the genotoxic effects of A. nilotica extract and its influence on DNA damage induced by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) in mice. Methods Mice were orally treated with A. nilotica extract (200, 500, and 800 mg/kg for 4 days) with or without MNU (80 mg/kg intraperitoneally for 24 h). Results In vitro experiments showed that A549 cells were the most sensitive to A. nilotica extract among the tested cell lines. A. nilotica extract inhibited A549 cell proliferation by blocking the cell cycle at the G2/M phase and accumulating apoptotic cells in the sub-G0/G1 phase in A549 cells. In vivo experiments showed that MNU induced positive and negative genotoxicity in bone marrow cells and spermatocytes, respectively. Negative genotoxicity was observed in A. nilotica extract-treated groups only. However, A. nilotica extract (800 mg/kg) remarkably increased comet tail formation in bone marrow cells. Unexpectedly, the absence of antigenotoxicity was observed in three cotreated groups with A. nilotica extract and MNU compared with the MNU-treated group. Astonishingly, cotreatment with MNU and A. nilotica extract at a dose above 200 mg/kg remarkably increased micronucleus and comet tail formation in bone marrow cells compared with the MNU-treated group. Conclusions A. nilotica extract possessed anticancer activity with relative genotoxic effects at high doses. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11033-022-07662-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kawthar A Diab
- Genetics and Cytology Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El-Bohouth Street, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Maha A Fahmy
- Genetics and Cytology Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El-Bohouth Street, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Emad M Hassan
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El-Bohouth Street, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sayed A El-Toumy
- Chemistry of Tannins Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El-Bohouth Street, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
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Kwiatkowska I, Hermanowicz JM, Iwinska Z, Kowalczuk K, Iwanowska J, Pawlak D. Zebrafish—An Optimal Model in Experimental Oncology. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134223. [PMID: 35807468 PMCID: PMC9268704 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A thorough understanding of cancer pathogenesis is a necessary step in the development of more effective and safer therapy. However, due to the complexity of the process and intricate interactions, studying tumor development is an extremely difficult and challenging task. In bringing this issue closer, different scientific models with various advancement levels are helpful. Cell cultures is a system that is too simple and does not allow for multidirectional research. On the other hand, rodent models, although commonly used, are burdened with several limitations. For this reason, new model organisms that will allow for the studying of carcinogenesis stages and factors reliably involved in them are urgently sought after. Danio rerio, an inconspicuous fish endowed with unique features, is gaining in importance in the world of scientific research. Including it in oncological research brings solutions to many challenges afflicting modern medicine. This article aims to illustrate the usefulness of Danio rerio as a model organism which turns out to be a powerful and unique tool for studying the stages of carcinogenesis and solving the hitherto incomprehensible processes that lead to the development of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Kwiatkowska
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (J.M.H.); (Z.I.); (J.I.); (D.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +48-8574-856-01
| | - Justyna Magdalena Hermanowicz
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (J.M.H.); (Z.I.); (J.I.); (D.P.)
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Zaneta Iwinska
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (J.M.H.); (Z.I.); (J.I.); (D.P.)
| | - Krystyna Kowalczuk
- Department of Integrated Medical Care, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. M Skłodowskiej-Curie 7A, 15-096 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Jolanta Iwanowska
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (J.M.H.); (Z.I.); (J.I.); (D.P.)
| | - Dariusz Pawlak
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (J.M.H.); (Z.I.); (J.I.); (D.P.)
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Kapoor MP, Moriwaki M, Timm D, Satomoto K, Minegawa K. Genotoxicity and mutagenicity evaluation of isoquercitrin-γ-cyclodextrin molecular inclusion complex using Ames test and a combined micronucleus and comet assay in rats. J Toxicol Sci 2022; 47:221-235. [PMID: 35650139 DOI: 10.2131/jts.47.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids such as quercetin and its glucosides, especially isoquercitrin are well known as anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, and anti-carcinogenic, etc. The safety of isoquercitrin formulations needs to be established prior to their use in functional food applications. The mutagenicity and genotoxicity of the IQC-γCD inclusion complex were assessed with three standard assays of the bacterial reverse mutation assay (Ames test) and using a combined in-vivo micronucleus and comet assay under the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) guidelines. In combined rat bone marrow micronucleus and rat liver comet assay performed in male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats, the various doses of IQC-γCD inclusion complex (max. 2000 mg/kg bw) and positive controls ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) and mitomycin C (MMC), respectively, and negative control (vehicle) were administrated. The results of the Salmonella typhimurium mutagenicity assay (strains TA100, TA1535, WP2uvrA, TA98, and TA1537) after exposure to the IQC-γCD inclusion complex with the absence and presence of the metabolic activation system (S9 fraction from rat liver) revealed a weakly positive response but with no biologically relevant mutagenicity at the conditions examined according to recommended regulatory guidelines. The combined micronucleus and comet assay results reveal that the IQC-γCD inclusion complex did not induce in-vivo genotoxic potential or indication of any oxidative DNA damage in rat liver tissues. Altogether, considering the results of the study, it is unlikely that the consumption of IQC-γCD inclusion complex as food or supplement would present any concern for humans regarding the mutagenicity and genotoxicity.
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Xiong P, Huang X, Ye N, Lu Q, Zhang G, Peng S, Wang H, Liu Y. Cytotoxicity of Metal-Based Nanoparticles: From Mechanisms and Methods of Evaluation to Pathological Manifestations. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2106049. [PMID: 35343105 PMCID: PMC9165481 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202106049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Metal-based nanoparticles (NPs) are particularly important tools in tissue engineering-, drug carrier-, interventional therapy-, and biobased technologies. However, their complex and varied migration and transformation pathways, as well as their continuous accumulation in closed biological systems, cause various unpredictable toxic effects that threaten human and ecosystem health. Considerable experimental and theoretical efforts have been made toward understanding these cytotoxic effects, though more research on metal-based NPs integrated with clinical medicine is required. This review summarizes the mechanisms and evaluation methods of cytotoxicity and provides an in-depth analysis of the typical effects generated in the nervous, immune, reproductive, and genetic systems. In addition, the challenges and opportunities are discussed to enhance future investigations on safer metal-based NPs for practical commercial adoption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peizheng Xiong
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceHospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu610072P. R. China
| | - Xiangming Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanningGuangxi Province530023P. R. China
| | - Naijing Ye
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceHospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu610072P. R. China
| | - Qunwen Lu
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceHospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu610072P. R. China
| | - Gang Zhang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceHospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu610072P. R. China
| | - Shunlin Peng
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceHospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu610072P. R. China
| | - Hongbo Wang
- Institute of Smart City and Intelligent TransportationSouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu611700P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated DevicesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610054P. R. China
| | - Yiyao Liu
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceHospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu610072P. R. China
- Department of BiophysicsSchool of Life Science and TechnologyUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuan610054P. R. China
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Analysis of the In Vitro Toxicity of Nanocelluloses in Human Lung Cells as Compared to Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12091432. [PMID: 35564141 PMCID: PMC9104944 DOI: 10.3390/nano12091432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose micro/nanomaterials (CMNM), comprising cellulose microfibrils (CMF), nanofibrils (CNF), and nanocrystals (CNC), are being recognized as promising bio-nanomaterials due to their natural and renewable source, attractive properties, and potential for applications with industrial and economical value. Thus, it is crucial to investigate their potential toxicity before starting their production at a larger scale. The present study aimed at evaluating the cell internalization and in vitro cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of CMNM as compared to two multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), NM-401 and NM-402, in A549 cells. The exposure to all studied NM, with the exception of CNC, resulted in evident cellular uptake, as analyzed by transmission electron microscopy. However, none of the CMNM induced cytotoxic effects, in contrast to the cytotoxicity observed for the MWCNT. Furthermore, no genotoxicity was observed for CNF, CNC, and NM-402 (cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay), while CMF and NM-401 were able to significantly raise micronucleus frequency. Only NM-402 was able to induce ROS formation, although it did not induce micronuclei. Thus, it is unlikely that the observed CMF and NM-401 genotoxicity is mediated by oxidative DNA damage. More studies targeting other genotoxicity endpoints and cellular and molecular events are underway to allow for a more comprehensive safety assessment of these nanocelluloses.
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Plant Cytogenetics in the Micronuclei Investigation-The Past, Current Status, and Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031306. [PMID: 35163228 PMCID: PMC8836153 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytogenetic approaches play an essential role as a quick evaluation of the first genetic effects after mutagenic treatment. Although labor-intensive and time-consuming, they are essential for the analyses of cytotoxic and genotoxic effects in mutagenesis and environmental monitoring. Over the years, conventional cytogenetic analyses were a part of routine laboratory testing in plant genotoxicity. Among the methods that are used to study genotoxicity in plants, the micronucleus test particularly represents a significant force. Currently, cytogenetic techniques go beyond the simple detection of chromosome aberrations. The intensive development of molecular biology and the significantly improved microscopic visualization and evaluation methods constituted significant support to traditional cytogenetics. Over the past years, distinct approaches have allowed an understanding the mechanisms of formation, structure, and genetic activity of the micronuclei. Although there are many studies on this topic in humans and animals, knowledge in plants is significantly limited. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge on micronuclei characteristics in plants. We pay particular attention to how the recent contemporary achievements have influenced the understanding of micronuclei in plant cells. Together with the current progress, we present the latest applications of the micronucleus test in mutagenesis and assess the state of the environment.
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Meredova G, Yıldız E, Şen S, Zengin M, Aksoy H. Genotoxicity of a novel thymol bearing oxipropanolamine derivative in human peripheral lymphocytes. Biologia (Bratisl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-021-00965-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Cruz-Santiago O, Castillo CG, Espinosa-Reyes G, Pérez-Maldonado IN, González-Mille DJ, Cuevas-Díaz MDC, Ilizaliturri-Hernández CA. Giant Toads (Rhinella marina) From the Industrial Zones of Low Basin of the Coatzacoalcos River (Veracruz, MX) Presents Genotoxicity in Erythrocytes. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2022; 108:64-70. [PMID: 33723652 PMCID: PMC7958936 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-021-03162-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The lower basin of Coatzacoalcos River is one of the most polluted regions of the southern Gulf of Mexico. Organochlorine compounds, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and heavy metals have been registered in this region. In the present study, genotoxicity was evaluated in the blood of giant toads (Rhinella marina) from Coatzacoalcos' rural and industrial zones, and compared with laboratory toads. Determination of the frequency of micronucleus and erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities by the light microscope and cell cycle and apoptosis by flow cytometry were used as biomarkers of genotoxicity. We found more variability in micronucleus and more nuclear buds in toads from industrial zones. Also, cell cycle alterations and an increase of apoptosis in erythrocytes were found in toads from rural and industrial zones. Multivariate statistics show that the toads from the industrial zone were more affected than toads from laboratory and rural zones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Cruz-Santiago
- Programa Multidisciplinario de Posgrado en Ciencias Ambientales (PMPCA), Agenda Ambiental, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Manuel Nava 201, Zona Universitaria, 78210, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Claudia G Castillo
- Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), CIACyT - Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, Lomas 2a. Sección, 78210, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Guillermo Espinosa-Reyes
- Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), CIACyT - Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, Lomas 2a. Sección, 78210, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Iván N Pérez-Maldonado
- Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), CIACyT - Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, Lomas 2a. Sección, 78210, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Donaji J González-Mille
- Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), CIACyT - Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, Lomas 2a. Sección, 78210, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - María Del Carmen Cuevas-Díaz
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Veracruzana Campus Coatzacoalcos, Av. Universidad Km 7.5, Santa Isabel, 96538, Veracruz, México
| | - César A Ilizaliturri-Hernández
- Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), CIACyT - Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, Lomas 2a. Sección, 78210, San Luis Potosí, México.
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Almeida J, Ferreira T, Santos S, Pires MJ, da Costa RMG, Medeiros R, Bastos MM, Neuparth MJ, Faustino-Rocha AI, Abreu H, Pereira R, Pacheco M, Gaivão I, Rosa E, Oliveira PA. The Red Seaweed Grateloupia turuturu Prevents Epidermal Dysplasia in HPV16-Transgenic Mice. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124529. [PMID: 34960081 PMCID: PMC8707361 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of dietary profiles in promoting or reducing the risk of multiple types of cancer is increasingly clear, driving the search for balanced foods and nutraceuticals. The red seaweed Grateloupia turuturu has been used as human food showing a balanced nutritional profile. This study aims to test in vivo chemopreventive effects of G. turuturu against cutaneous pre-malignant lesions in transgenic mice for the human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16). Forty-four female HPV+/− or HPV−/− mice received a standard diet or were supplemented with 10% G. turuturu for 22 consecutive days. Cutaneous lesions (ear and chest skin) were identified histologically. Complementarily, the weights and histology of internal organs as well as blood biochemical and DNA integrity parameters were also assessed. G. turuturu consistently reduced the incidence of epidermal dysplasia induced by HPV16 on both cutaneous sites. Moreover, biochemical, DNA integrity and histological analyses confirmed G. turuturu edibility as no signs of toxicity were found. Dietary supplementation with G. turuturu is an effective and safe chemopreventive strategy in this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Almeida
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (J.A.); (T.F.); (S.S.); (M.J.P.); (A.I.F.-R.)
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (R.M.G.d.C.); (E.R.)
| | - Tiago Ferreira
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (J.A.); (T.F.); (S.S.); (M.J.P.); (A.I.F.-R.)
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (R.M.G.d.C.); (E.R.)
| | - Susana Santos
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (J.A.); (T.F.); (S.S.); (M.J.P.); (A.I.F.-R.)
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (R.M.G.d.C.); (E.R.)
| | - Maria J. Pires
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (J.A.); (T.F.); (S.S.); (M.J.P.); (A.I.F.-R.)
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (R.M.G.d.C.); (E.R.)
| | - Rui M. Gil da Costa
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (R.M.G.d.C.); (E.R.)
- Maranhão Tumour and DNA Biobank (BTMA), Post-graduate Programme in Adult Health (PPGSAD), Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís 65080-805, Brazil
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal;
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto. CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Rui Medeiros
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto. CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto (FMUP), 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
- CEBIMED, Faculty of Health Sciences, Fernando Pessoa University, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal
- LPCC Research Department, Portuguese League against Cancer (NRNorte), 4200-172 Porto, Portugal
| | - Margarida M.S.M. Bastos
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Maria J. Neuparth
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal;
- Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies (IINFACTS), Advanced Polytechnic and University Cooperative (CESPU), 4585 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Ana I. Faustino-Rocha
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (J.A.); (T.F.); (S.S.); (M.J.P.); (A.I.F.-R.)
- Department of Zootechnics, School of Sciences and Technology, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal
| | - Helena Abreu
- ALGAplus, Lda., PCI-Creative Science Park, 3830-352 Ílhavo, Portugal; (H.A.); (R.P.)
| | - Rui Pereira
- ALGAplus, Lda., PCI-Creative Science Park, 3830-352 Ílhavo, Portugal; (H.A.); (R.P.)
- A4F Algae for Future, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar, Campus do Lumiar, Edif. E, R/C, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mário Pacheco
- Portugal CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Biology, Santiago University Campus, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Isabel Gaivão
- Department of Genetic and Biotechnology, CECAV, UTAD, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - Eduardo Rosa
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (R.M.G.d.C.); (E.R.)
- Department of Agronomy, UTAD, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Paula A. Oliveira
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (J.A.); (T.F.); (S.S.); (M.J.P.); (A.I.F.-R.)
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (R.M.G.d.C.); (E.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-259350000; Fax: +351-259325058
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Amaral TF, Miyasaki FH, Braga ES, Azevedo JS. Temporal and spatial toxicogenetic damage in estuarine catfish Cathorops spixii from a marine protected area with evidence of anthropogenic influences. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 799:149409. [PMID: 34375871 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Taking action to contribute to the preservation of the natural coastal environment, which maintains a diversity of life, is important in today's world. In estuarine ecosystems that are included in marine protected areas (MPA), it is important to conduct biomonitoring over time to monitor the effects of xenobiotics on bioindicator species such as the catfish Cathorops spixii. This study aims to evaluate the toxicogenetic signals in C. spixii from a MPA (Cananéia-Iguape region, Brazilian coast). These genotoxic signals are demonstrated by the presence of micronuclei (MN) and abnormalities in erythrocytes (AE). This study also takes into account the environmental differences signaled by the water's properties (temperature, salinity, pH, DO, dissolved nutrients, and particulate material) over time (2009, 2014, 2017, and 2018). The results show that in the northern region of the estuary, and mainly in 2009, the water properties reveal the influence of the river in the form of the lowest levels of salinity and pH and the highest levels of nutrients. The most significant levels of suspended particulate material and chlorophyll-a are found in the southern region of the estuary, mainly in 2017 and 2018. In general, the C. spixii from the northern region had better well-being than catfish from the more preserved (southern) region. The data on MN and AE show evidence of toxicogenetic damage occurring over time and clastogenic/aneugenic effects mainly in fish sampled in 2018. The presence of a new AE, first recorded in C. spixii sampled in 2018, and named here as double bubbled, is another indicator of toxicogenetic effects. Finally, although the southern region of the estuary has better abiotic properties and conditions for primary production, the obtained toxicogenetic data for C. spixii reinforces the need for - and encourages the implementation of - monitoring actions in this marine protected area using bioindicator species of contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- T F Amaral
- Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Nicolau street, 210, Centro, Diadema, Brazil
| | - F H Miyasaki
- Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Nicolau street, 210, Centro, Diadema, Brazil
| | - E S Braga
- Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, Cidade Universitária, 05508-120 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J S Azevedo
- Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Nicolau street, 210, Centro, Diadema, Brazil.
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Canedo A, de Jesus LWO, Bailão EFLC, Rocha TL. Micronucleus test and nuclear abnormality assay in zebrafish (Danio rerio): Past, present, and future trends. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 290:118019. [PMID: 34670334 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear abnormality (NA) assay in fish has been widely applied for toxicity risk assessment under field and laboratory conditions. The zebrafish (Danio rerio) has become a suitable model system for assessing the NA induced by pollutants. Thus, the current study aimed to summarize and discuss the literature concerning micronucleus (MN) and other NA in zebrafish and its applications in toxicity screening and environmental risk assessment. The data concerning the publication year, pollutant type, experimental design, and type of NA induced by pollutants were summarized. Also, molecular mechanisms that cause NA in zebrafish were discussed. Revised data showed that the MN test in zebrafish has been applied since 1996. The MN was the most frequently NA, but 15 other nuclear alterations were reported in zebrafish, such as notched nuclei, blebbed nuclei, binucleated cell, buds, lobed nuclei, bridges, and kidney-shaped. Several pollutants can induce NA in zebrafish, mainly effluents (mixture of pollutants), agrochemicals, and microplastics. The pollutant-induced NA in zebrafish depends on experimental design (i.e., exposure time, concentration, and exposure condition), developmental stages, cell/tissue type, and the type of pollutant. Besides, research gaps and recommendations for future studies are indicated. Overall, the current study showed that zebrafish is a suitable model to assess pollutant-induced mutagenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aryelle Canedo
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiania, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Lázaro Wender Oliveira de Jesus
- Laboratory of Applied Animal Morphophysiology, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | | | - Thiago Lopes Rocha
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiania, Goiás, Brazil.
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Fukuda de Castilho P, Gomes da Silva Dantas F, Pires de Araújo R, Almeida Castro LH, Souza de Araújo FH, Negri M, Carvalho Dos Santos A, Carvalho Souza RI, Lima Cardoso CA, Oesterreich SA, Pires de Oliveira KM. General and genetic toxicology studies of Aleurites moluccana (L.) Willd. seeds in vitro and in vivo assays. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 280:114478. [PMID: 34343649 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY RELEVANCE Aleurites moluccana is popularly used for the diseases like ulcers, fever, headache, asthma, conjunctivitis, gonorrhea, inflammation, hepatitis, and rheumatism. The seed, also known as "noz da Índia", has been popularly consumed for weight loss purposes but reports of toxicity have been associated with its ingestion. In the literature, there are not enough studies to elucidate its toxicology, so evaluating the general and genetic toxicological of A. moluccana seeds can provide data to ensure their intake. AIM OF THE STUDY The objective of the present study was to elucidate the oral toxicity, mutagenicity, genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of A. moluccana seeds in vitro and in vivo assays. MATERIALS AND METHODS The chemical composition of the aqueous extract of A. moluccana seeds (AEAMS) was analyzed in relation to phenolic compounds, tannins, flavonoids and fatty acid. For the in vitro assays, the cytotoxic potential was assessed by the MTS assay whereas the mutagenic potential was assessed by the Ames test. For in vivo assays, was conducted an acute oral toxicity study, with "Up-and-Down Procedure" and repeated dose toxicity with "Repeated Dose 28-Day Oral Toxicity". To assess genetic damage, mutagenic potential was assessed by the micronucleus test whereas the polychromatic erythrocyte/normochromatic erythrocyte ratio was obtained with bone marrow cells to determine the cytotoxic potential and genotoxic potential was assessed by the comet assay using peripheral blood cells. RESULTS AEAMS did not show cytotoxic and mutagenic potential in vitro. No clinical signs of toxicity were observed in animals after the acute oral toxicity test, suggesting that the LD50 of aqueous extract of A. moluccana seeds > 2000 mg/kg in a single dose by intragastric route. However, in toxicity at repeated doses for 28 days, the doses initially established (250; 500 and 750 mg/kg/day by intragastric route) caused mortality in the animals and the reestablished doses (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg/day by intragastric route) showed no changes in parameters or clinical signs attributed to toxicity. Furthermore, AEAMS also did not show mutagenic, genotoxic and cytotoxic potential in vivo. CONCLUSIONS AEAMS did not show cytotoxic, genotoxic and mutagenic potential in vitro and in vivo. And although the AEAMS has an LD50 > 2000 mg/kg, and does not have physiological, biochemical, hematological, histopathological changes or clinical signs related to toxicity when administered in low concentrations and for a short period, in high concentrations and continued use caused toxicity and mortality in Wistar rats. In order to obtain complementary results, is recommended highly that further mid and long-term toxicological studies are investigated, and in no-rodent specie.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Renata Pires de Araújo
- Faculty of Exact Sciences and Technology, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Melyssa Negri
- Clinical Analysis Teaching and Research Laboratory, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
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Grandis RAD, Miotto LN, Genaro LE, Migliatti Polli L, Plepis AMDG, Rodrigues FT, Martins VDCA, Pereira Franchi L, Scarel-Caminaga RM, Sidorenko de Oliveira Capote T. In Vitro Evaluation of Acellular Collagen Matrices Derived from Porcine Pericardium: Influence of the Sterilization Method on Its Biological Properties. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:6255. [PMID: 34771781 PMCID: PMC8584648 DOI: 10.3390/ma14216255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study were characterize acellular collagen matrices derived from porcine pericardium (PP) and to evaluate their properties after sterilization by ethylene oxide and gamma ray. PP matrices were subjected to alkaline hydrolysis (AH), and samples were characterized for biological stability, membrane thickness measurements, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Subsequently, the matrices were frozen, lyophilized and sterilized by ethylene oxide or gamma radiation. For in vitro assays, CHO-K1 cell culture was used and evaluated for cytotoxicity, clonogenic survival assay, genotoxicity and mutagenicity. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used, followed by Dunnett's post-test, with a significance level of 5%. After AH, there was no significant change in matrix thickness. The relative biodegradability of the material after implantation was observed. Morphology and dimensions had small changes after AH. As for cell viability, none of the tested matrices showed a statistically significant difference (p > 0.05; Dunnett) regardless of the sterilization method. Furthermore, it was found that PP matrices did not interfere with the proliferation capacity of CHO-K1 cells (p > 0.05; Dunnett). As for genotoxicity, when sterilized with ethylene oxide (NP, P12 and P24), it showed genotoxic potential, but it was not genotoxic when sterilized by gamma radiation. No mutagenic effects were observed in either group. PP-derived collagen matrices hydrolyzed at different times were not cytotoxic. It is concluded that the best method of sterilization is through gamma radiation, since no significant changes were observed in the properties of the PP matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rone Aparecido De Grandis
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences-FCFar, Paulista State University, Araraquara 14801-903, SP, Brazil; (R.A.D.G.); (L.M.P.)
| | - Larissa Natiele Miotto
- Department of Morphology, Genetics, Orthodontic and Pediatric Dentistry, Araraquara School of Dentistry, Paulista State University, Araraquara 14801-903, SP, Brazil; (L.N.M.); (L.E.G.); (R.M.S.-C.)
| | - Luis Eduardo Genaro
- Department of Morphology, Genetics, Orthodontic and Pediatric Dentistry, Araraquara School of Dentistry, Paulista State University, Araraquara 14801-903, SP, Brazil; (L.N.M.); (L.E.G.); (R.M.S.-C.)
| | - Larissa Migliatti Polli
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences-FCFar, Paulista State University, Araraquara 14801-903, SP, Brazil; (R.A.D.G.); (L.M.P.)
| | - Ana Maria de Guzzi Plepis
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Physics, Institute of Chemistry of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, Sao Carlos 13566-590, SP, Brazil; (A.M.d.G.P.); (F.T.R.); (V.d.C.A.M.)
| | - Fabiana Tessari Rodrigues
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Physics, Institute of Chemistry of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, Sao Carlos 13566-590, SP, Brazil; (A.M.d.G.P.); (F.T.R.); (V.d.C.A.M.)
| | - Virginia da Conceição Amaro Martins
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Physics, Institute of Chemistry of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, Sao Carlos 13566-590, SP, Brazil; (A.M.d.G.P.); (F.T.R.); (V.d.C.A.M.)
| | - Leonardo Pereira Franchi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Sao Carlos 13566-590, SP, Brazil;
| | - Raquel Mantuaneli Scarel-Caminaga
- Department of Morphology, Genetics, Orthodontic and Pediatric Dentistry, Araraquara School of Dentistry, Paulista State University, Araraquara 14801-903, SP, Brazil; (L.N.M.); (L.E.G.); (R.M.S.-C.)
| | - Ticiana Sidorenko de Oliveira Capote
- Department of Morphology, Genetics, Orthodontic and Pediatric Dentistry, Araraquara School of Dentistry, Paulista State University, Araraquara 14801-903, SP, Brazil; (L.N.M.); (L.E.G.); (R.M.S.-C.)
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Kus-Liśkiewicz M, Fickers P, Ben Tahar I. Biocompatibility and Cytotoxicity of Gold Nanoparticles: Recent Advances in Methodologies and Regulations. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10952. [PMID: 34681612 PMCID: PMC8536023 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222010952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in the synthesis of metal nanoparticles (MeNPs), and more specifically gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), have led to tremendous expansion of their potential applications in different fields, ranging from healthcare research to microelectronics and food packaging. The properties of functionalised MeNPs can be fine-tuned depending on their final application, and subsequently, these properties can strongly modulate their biological effects. In this review, we will firstly focus on the impact of MeNP characteristics (particularly of gold nanoparticles, AuNPs) such as shape, size, and aggregation on their biological activities. Moreover, we will detail different in vitro and in vivo assays to be performed when cytotoxicity and biocompatibility must be assessed. Due to the complex nature of nanomaterials, conflicting studies have led to different views on their safety, and it is clear that the definition of a standard biosafety label for AuNPs is difficult. In fact, AuNPs' biocompatibility is strongly affected by the nanoparticles' intrinsic characteristics, biological target, and methodology employed to evaluate their toxicity. In the last part of this review, the current legislation and requirements established by regulatory authorities, defining the main guidelines and standards to characterise new nanomaterials, will also be discussed, as this aspect has not been reviewed recently. It is clear that the lack of well-established safety regulations based on reliable, robust, and universal methodologies has hampered the development of MeNP applications in the healthcare field. Henceforth, the international community must make an effort to adopt specific and standard protocols for characterisation of these products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Kus-Liśkiewicz
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Patrick Fickers
- TERRA Research and Teaching Centre, Microbial Processes and Interactions Laboratory (MiPI), Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech-University of Liège, Avenue de la Faculté 2B, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium; (P.F.); (I.B.T.)
| | - Imen Ben Tahar
- TERRA Research and Teaching Centre, Microbial Processes and Interactions Laboratory (MiPI), Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech-University of Liège, Avenue de la Faculté 2B, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium; (P.F.); (I.B.T.)
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Leão TK, Ribeiro DL, Machado ART, Costa TR, Sampaio SV, Antunes LMG. Synephrine and caffeine combination promotes cytotoxicity, DNA damage and transcriptional modulation of apoptosis-related genes in human HepG2 cells. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2021; 868-869:503375. [PMID: 34454690 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2021.503375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The abusive consumption of thermogenic supplements occurs worldwide and deserves special attention due to their use to stimulate weight loss and prevent obesity. Thermogenic formulations usually contain Synephrine (SN) and Caffeine (CAF), stimulating compounds extracted from natural sources, but no genetic toxicology studies have predicted this hazardous combination potential. This study examined the toxicogenomic responses induced by SN and CAF, either alone or in combination, in the human hepatic cell line HepG2 in vitro. SN (0.03-30 μM) and CAF (0.6-600 μM) alone did neither decrease cell viability nor induce DNA damage, as assessed using the MTT and comet assays, respectively. SN (3 μM) and CAF (30-600 μM) were combined at concentrations similar to those found in commercial dietary supplements. SN/CAF at 3:90 and 3:600 μM ratios significantly decreased cell viability and increased DNA damage levels in HepG2 cells. CAF (600 μM) and the SN/CAF association at 3:60, 3:90, and 3:600 μM ratios promoted cell death by apoptosis, as demonstrated by flow cytometry. Similar results were observed in gene expression (RT-qPCR): SN/CAF up-regulated the expression of apoptosis- (BCL-2 and CASP9) and DNA repair-related (XPC) genes. SN/CAF at 3:90 μM also downregulated the expression of cell cycle control (CDKN1A) genes. In conclusion, the SN/CAF combination reduces cell viability by inducing apoptosis, damages DNA, and modulates the transcriptional expression of apoptosis-, cell cycle-, and DNA repair-related genes in human hepatic (HepG2) cells in vitro. These effects can be worrisome to consumers of thermogenic supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tainá Keiller Leão
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café, s/n°, CEP: 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diego Luís Ribeiro
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Avenida dos Bandeirantes, 3900, CEP: 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Rita Thomazela Machado
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café, s/n°, CEP: 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tássia Rafaela Costa
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café, s/n°, CEP: 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Suely Vilela Sampaio
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café, s/n°, CEP: 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lusânia Maria Greggi Antunes
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café, s/n°, CEP: 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Guimarães ATB, Malafaia G. Multiple toxicity endpoints induced by carbon nanofibers in Amazon turtle juveniles: Outspreading warns about toxicological risks to reptiles. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 779:146514. [PMID: 34030253 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The toxicity of carbon-based nanomaterials (CNs) has been observed in different organisms; however, little is known about the impact of water polluted with carbon nanofibers (CNFs) on reptiles. Thus, the aim of the current study was to assess the chronic effects (7.5 months) of 1 and 10 mg/L of CNF on Podocnemis expansa (Amazon turtle) juveniles (4 months old) based on different biomarkers. Increased total organic carbon (TOC) concentrations observed in the liver and brain (which suggests CNF uptake) were closely correlated to changes in REDOX systems of turtles exposed to CNFs, mainly to higher nitrite, hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidation levels. Increased levels of antioxidants such as total glutathione, catalase and superoxide dismutase in the exposed animals were also observed. The uptake of CNFs and the observed biochemical changes were associated with higher frequency of erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities (assessed through micronucleus assays), as well as with both damage in erythrocyte DNA (assessed through comet assays) and higher apoptosis and necrosis rates in erythrocytes of exposed turtles. Cerebral and hepatic acetylcholinesterase (AChE) increased in turtles exposed to CNFs, and this finding suggested the neurotoxic effect of these nanomaterials. Data in the current study reinforced the toxic potential of CNFs and evidenced the biochemical, mutagenic, genotoxic, cytotoxic, and neurotoxic effects of CNFs on P. expansa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraão Tiago Batista Guimarães
- Post-Graduation Program in Biotechnology and Biodiversity, Goiano Federal Institute and Federal University of Goiás, GO, Brazil; Biological Research Laboratory, Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources, Goiano Federal Institute - Urataí Campus, GO, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Post-Graduation Program in Biotechnology and Biodiversity, Goiano Federal Institute and Federal University of Goiás, GO, Brazil; Biological Research Laboratory, Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources, Goiano Federal Institute - Urataí Campus, GO, Brazil; Post-Graduate Program in Ecology and Conservation of Natural Resources, Federal University of Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
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Jan BL, Ahmad A, Khan A, Rehman MU, Alkharfy KM. Protective effect of chrysin, a flavonoid, on the genotoxic activity of carboplatin in mice. Drug Chem Toxicol 2021; 45:2146-2152. [PMID: 33829940 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2021.1908752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Carboplatin is amongst the most commonly used anticancer drugs for the management of several human malignancies. However, it has displayed genotoxic properties against normal cells. Evaluation of natural products for their protective effects against chemotherapeutic drug induced toxicity has been growing in recent years. A naturally occurring flavonoid, chrysin, has strong antioxidant abilities and protects against DNA impairment. This study used multiple assays to evaluate the levels of damage to DNA in normal cells and to examine any possible protective role of chrysin against such damage. Male BALB/c mice were administered chrysin orally in two doses of 20 and 40 mg/kg for 10 consecutive days and then a single injection of carboplatin [90 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)] was administered intraperitoneally to induce carboplatin toxicity. 24 h after the carboplatin injection, mice were sacrificed. DNA damage was evaluated using several genotoxicity tests (8-Hydroxydeoxy-guanosine marker, comet assay, micronucleus test, and chromosomal aberration assay) to identify diverse types of damage to the DNA. The results suggest that pretreatment with chrysin significantly decreased the level of DNA damage caused by carboplatin probably due to its potent antioxidant traits. Therefore, chrysin can be considered to be developed as a chemoprotective agent against chemotherapy associated side-effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basit L Jan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ajaz Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Altaf Khan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muneeb U Rehman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid M Alkharfy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Tahara H, Yamagiwa Y, Haranosono Y, Kurata M. In vivo comet assay in rabbit corneal epithelial cells following ocular instillation with genotoxic compounds. Genes Environ 2021; 43:11. [PMID: 33827709 PMCID: PMC8028091 DOI: 10.1186/s41021-021-00184-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The in vivo comet assay is used to evaluate the genotoxic potential of compounds by detecting DNA strand breaks in cells isolated from animal tissue. The comet assay of hepatocytes is well established; however, the levels of systemic drug exposure following systemic administration are often insufficient to evaluate the genotoxic potential of compounds on the ocular surface following ocular instillation. To investigate the possibility of using the comet assay as a genotoxic evaluation tool for the ocular surface, we performed this assay on the corneal epithelial cells of rabbit eyes 2 h after the single ocular instillation of five genotoxic compounds, namely ethidium bromide, 1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium dichloride (paraquat), methyl methanesulfonate (MMS), acrylamide, and 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4-NQO). Results The mean % tail DNA, as an indicator of DNA damage, in the corneal epithelial cells treated with ethidium bromide, MMS, and 4-NQO exhibited statistically significant increases compared with those in the negative controls (saline or 5 % dimethyl sulfoxide in saline). However, paraquat and acrylamide did not increase the mean % tail DNA, presumably because of the high antioxidant levels and low cytochrome P450 levels present in the corneal epithelium, respectively. Conclusions The comet assay was able to detect genotoxic potential on the ocular surface following ocular instillation with genotoxic compounds. The study findings indicate that the in vivo comet assay may provide a useful tool for assessing the genotoxicity of compounds topically administrated on the ocular surface under mimicking clinical condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruna Tahara
- Research & Development Division, Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 6-4-3, Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-Ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan.
| | - Yoshinori Yamagiwa
- Research & Development Division, Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 6-4-3, Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-Ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Yu Haranosono
- Research & Development Division, Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 6-4-3, Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-Ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Masaaki Kurata
- Research & Development Division, Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 6-4-3, Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-Ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
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Medrano-Padial C, Puerto M, Prieto AI, Ayala N, Beaumont P, Rouger C, Krisa S, Pichardo S. In Vivo Genotoxicity Evaluation of a Stilbene Extract Prior to Its Use as a Natural Additive: A Combination of the Micronucleus Test and the Comet Assay. Foods 2021; 10:439. [PMID: 33671296 PMCID: PMC7921927 DOI: 10.3390/foods10020439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Genotoxic data of substances that could be used as food additives are required by the European Food Safety Authority. In this sense, the use of an extract from grapevine shoots containing a stilbene richness of 99% (ST-99), due to its antioxidant and antibacterial activities, has been proposed as an alternative to sulfur dioxide in wine. The aim of this work was to study, for the first time, the in vivo genotoxic effects produced in rats orally exposed to 90, 180, or 360 mg ST-99/kg body weight at 0, 24, and 45 h. The combination of micronucleus assay in bone marrow (OECD 474) and standard (OECD 489) and enzyme-modified comet assay was used to determine the genotoxicity on cells isolated from stomach, liver, and blood of exposed animals. The ST-99 revealed no in vivo genotoxicity. These results were corroborated by analytical studies that confirm the presence of stilbenes and their metabolites in plasma and tissues. Moreover, to complete these findings, a histopathological study was performed under light microscopy in liver and stomach showing only slight modifications in both organs at the highest concentration used. The present work confirms that this extract is not genotoxic presenting a good profile for its potential application as a preservative in the wine industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concepción Medrano-Padial
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, C/Profesor García González n°2, 41012 Seville, Spain; (C.M.-P.); (A.I.P.); (S.P.)
| | - María Puerto
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, C/Profesor García González n°2, 41012 Seville, Spain; (C.M.-P.); (A.I.P.); (S.P.)
| | - Ana Isabel Prieto
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, C/Profesor García González n°2, 41012 Seville, Spain; (C.M.-P.); (A.I.P.); (S.P.)
| | - Nahúm Ayala
- Veterinary Faculty, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio de Sanidad Animal, 14071 Córdoba, Spain;
| | - Pauline Beaumont
- Unité de Recherche Œnologie, Molécules d’Intérêt Biologique, EA4577, USC 1366 INRAE, Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, 210 Chemin de Leysotte, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France; (P.B.); (C.R.); (S.K.)
| | - Caroline Rouger
- Unité de Recherche Œnologie, Molécules d’Intérêt Biologique, EA4577, USC 1366 INRAE, Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, 210 Chemin de Leysotte, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France; (P.B.); (C.R.); (S.K.)
| | - Stéphanie Krisa
- Unité de Recherche Œnologie, Molécules d’Intérêt Biologique, EA4577, USC 1366 INRAE, Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, 210 Chemin de Leysotte, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France; (P.B.); (C.R.); (S.K.)
| | - Silvia Pichardo
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, C/Profesor García González n°2, 41012 Seville, Spain; (C.M.-P.); (A.I.P.); (S.P.)
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Daliri K, Pfannkuche K, Garipcan B. Effects of physicochemical properties of polyacrylamide (PAA) and (polydimethylsiloxane) PDMS on cardiac cell behavior. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:1156-1172. [PMID: 33427281 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm01986k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In vitro cell culture is commonly applied in laboratories around the world. Cultured cells are either of primary origin or established cell lines. Such transformed cell lines are increasingly replaced by pluripotent stem cell derived organotypic cells with more physiological properties. The quality of the culture conditions and matrix environment is of considerable importance in this regard. In fact, mechanical cues of the extracellular matrix have substantial effects on the cellular physiology. This is especially true if contractile cells such as cardiomyocytes are cultured. Therefore, elastic biomaterials have been introduced as scaffolds in 2D and 3D culture models for different cell types, cardiac cells among them. In this review, key aspects of cell-matrix interaction are highlighted with focus on cardiomyocytes and chemical properties as well as strengths and potential pitfalls in using two commonly applied polymers for soft matrix engineering, polyacrylamide (PAA) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Daliri
- Institute for Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Robert Koch Str. 39, 50931 Cologne, Germany.
| | - Kurt Pfannkuche
- Institute for Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Robert Koch Str. 39, 50931 Cologne, Germany. and Department for Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany and Marga-and-Walter-Boll Laboratory for Cardiac Tissue Engineering, University of Cologne, Germany and Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Bora Garipcan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bogazici University, Cengelkoy, 34684, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Tavener AM, Phelps MC, Daniels RL. Anthracycline-induced cytotoxicity in the GL261 glioma model system. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:1017-1023. [PMID: 33387196 PMCID: PMC7884566 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-06109-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a lethal astrocyte-derived tumor that is currently treated with a multi-modal approach of surgical resection, radiotherapy, and temozolomide-based chemotherapy. Alternatives to current therapies are urgently needed as its prognosis remains poor. Anthracyclines are a class of compounds that show great potential as GBM chemotherapeutic agents and are widely used to treat solid tumors outside the central nervous system. Here we investigate the cytotoxic effects of doxorubicin and other anthracyclines on GL261 glioma tumor cells in anticipation of novel anthracycline-based CNS therapies. Three methods were used to quantify dose-dependent effects of anthracyclines on adherent GL261 tumor cells, a murine cell-based model of GBM. MTT assays quantified anthracycline effects on cell viability, comet assays examined doxorubicin genotoxicity, and flow cytometry with Annexin V/PI staining characterized doxorubicin-induced apoptosis and necrosis. Dose-dependent reductions in GL261 cell viability were found in cells treated with doxorubicin (EC50 = 4.9 μM), epirubicin (EC50 = 5.9 μM), and idarubicin (EC50 = 4.4 μM). Comet assays showed DNA damage following doxorubicin treatments, peaking at concentrations of 1.0 μM and declining after 25 μM. Lastly, flow cytometric analysis of doxorubicin-treated cells showed dose-dependent induction of apoptosis (EC50 = 5.2 μM). Together, these results characterized the cytotoxic effects of anthracyclines on GL261 glioma cells. We found dose-dependent apoptotic induction; however at high concentrations we find that cell death is likely necrotic. Our results support the continued exploration of anthracyclines as compounds with significant potential for improved GBM treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber M Tavener
- Department of Biology, The College of Idaho, Caldwell, ID, 83605, USA
| | - Megan C Phelps
- Department of Biology, The College of Idaho, Caldwell, ID, 83605, USA
| | - Richard L Daniels
- Department of Biology, The College of Idaho, Caldwell, ID, 83605, USA.
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D'Agostini F, La Maestra S. Micronuclei in Fish Erythrocytes as Genotoxic Biomarkers of Water Pollution: An Overview. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2021; 258:195-240. [PMID: 34611757 DOI: 10.1007/398_2021_76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Freshwater and marine water bodies receive chemical contaminants from industrial, agricultural, urban, and domestic wastes. Eco-genotoxicity assays are useful tools to assess the cumulative genotoxicity of these pollutants. Fish are suitable indicators for biomonitoring of mutagenic and carcinogenic pollution.In this review, we present a complete overview of the studies performed so far using the micronucleus test in peripheral erythrocytes of fish exposed to polluted water. We have listed all the species of fish used and the geographical distribution of the investigations. We have analyzed and discussed all technical aspects of using this test in fish, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the different experimental protocols. We have reported the results of all studies. This assay has become, for years, one of the simplest, fastest, and most cost-effective for assessing genotoxic risk in aquatic environments. However, there are still several factors influencing the variability of the results. Therefore, we have given indications and suggestions to achieve a standardization of experimental procedures and ensure uniformity of future investigations.
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Sandoval-Herrera N, Paz Castillo J, Herrera Montalvo LG, Welch KC. Micronucleus Test Reveals Genotoxic Effects in Bats Associated with Agricultural Activity. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2021; 40:202-207. [PMID: 33283353 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bats play a vital role in our ecosystems and economies as natural pest-control agents, seed dispersers, and pollinators. Agricultural intensification, however, can impact bats foraging near crops, affecting the ecosystem services they provide. Exposure to pesticides, for example, may induce chromosome breakage or missegregation that can result in micronucleus formation. Detection of micronuclei is a simple, inexpensive, and relatively minimally invasive technique commonly used to evaluate chemical genotoxicity but rarely applied to assess wildlife genotoxic effects. We evaluated the suitability of the micronucleus test as a biomarker of genotoxicity for biomonitoring field studies in bats. We collected blood samples from insectivorous bats roosting in caves surrounded by different levels of disturbance (agriculture, human settlements) in Colima and Jalisco, west central Mexico. Then, we examined the frequency of micronucleus inclusions in erythrocytes using differentially stained blood smears. Bats from caves surrounded by proportionately more (53%) land used for agriculture and irrigated year-round had higher micronucleus frequency than bats from a less disturbed site (15% agriculture). We conclude that the micronucleus test is a sensitive method to evaluate genotoxic effects in free-ranging bats and could provide a useful biomarker for evaluating risk of exposure in wild populations. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:202-207. © 2020 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Sandoval-Herrera
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Scarborough, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jesusa Paz Castillo
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Scarborough, Ontario, Canada
| | - L Gerardo Herrera Montalvo
- Estación de Biología Chamela, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, San Patricio, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Kenneth C Welch
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Scarborough, Ontario, Canada
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Subbiahanadar Chelladurai K, Selvan Christyraj JD, Azhagesan A, Paulraj VD, Jothimani M, Yesudhason BV, Chellathurai Vasantha N, Ganesan M, Rajagopalan K, Venkatachalam S, Benedict J, John Samuel JK, Selvan Christyraj JRS. Exploring the effect of UV-C radiation on earthworm and understanding its genomic integrity in the context of H2AX expression. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21005. [PMID: 33273505 PMCID: PMC7713072 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77719-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintaining genomic stability is inevitable for organism survival and it is challenged by mutagenic agents, which include ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Whenever DNA damage occurs, it is sensed by DNA-repairing proteins and thereby performing the DNA-repair mechanism. Specifically, in response to DNA damage, H2AX is a key protein involved in initiating the DNA-repair processes. In this present study, we investigate the effect of UV-C on earthworm, Perionyx excavatus and analyzed the DNA-damage response. Briefly, we expose the worms to different doses of UV-C and find that worms are highly sensitive to UV-C. As a primary response, earthworms produce coelomic fluid followed by autotomy. However, tissue inflammation followed by death is observed when we expose worm to increased doses of UV-C. In particular, UV-C promotes damages in skin layers and on the contrary, it mediates the chloragogen and epithelial outgrowth in intestinal tissues. Furthermore, UV-C promotes DNA damages followed by upregulation of H2AX on dose-dependent manner. Our finding confirms DNA damage caused by UV-C is directly proportional to the expression of H2AX. In short, we conclude that H2AX is present in the invertebrate earthworm, which plays an evolutionarily conserved role in DNA damage event as like that in higher animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthikeyan Subbiahanadar Chelladurai
- grid.412427.60000 0004 1761 0622Regeneration and Stem Cell Biology Lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, International Research Centre, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600119 Tamilnadu India
| | - Jackson Durairaj Selvan Christyraj
- grid.412427.60000 0004 1761 0622Regeneration and Stem Cell Biology Lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, International Research Centre, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600119 Tamilnadu India
| | - Ananthaselvam Azhagesan
- grid.412427.60000 0004 1761 0622Regeneration and Stem Cell Biology Lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, International Research Centre, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600119 Tamilnadu India ,grid.412813.d0000 0001 0687 4946Present Address: Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014 Tamilnadu India
| | - Vennila Devi Paulraj
- grid.412427.60000 0004 1761 0622Regeneration and Stem Cell Biology Lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, International Research Centre, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600119 Tamilnadu India
| | - Muralidharan Jothimani
- grid.412427.60000 0004 1761 0622Regeneration and Stem Cell Biology Lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, International Research Centre, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600119 Tamilnadu India ,grid.411312.40000 0001 0363 9238Present Address: Department of Bioinformatics, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630004 Tamilnadu India
| | - Beryl Vedha Yesudhason
- grid.412427.60000 0004 1761 0622Regeneration and Stem Cell Biology Lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, International Research Centre, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600119 Tamilnadu India
| | - Niranjan Chellathurai Vasantha
- grid.412427.60000 0004 1761 0622Regeneration and Stem Cell Biology Lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, International Research Centre, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600119 Tamilnadu India
| | - Mijithra Ganesan
- grid.412427.60000 0004 1761 0622Regeneration and Stem Cell Biology Lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, International Research Centre, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600119 Tamilnadu India
| | - Kamarajan Rajagopalan
- grid.412427.60000 0004 1761 0622Regeneration and Stem Cell Biology Lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, International Research Centre, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600119 Tamilnadu India
| | - Saravanakumar Venkatachalam
- grid.412427.60000 0004 1761 0622Regeneration and Stem Cell Biology Lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, International Research Centre, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600119 Tamilnadu India
| | - Johnson Benedict
- grid.412427.60000 0004 1761 0622Regeneration and Stem Cell Biology Lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, International Research Centre, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600119 Tamilnadu India
| | - Jemima Kamalapriya John Samuel
- grid.252262.30000 0001 0613 6919Department of Biotechnology, Anna University of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, 620024 Tamilnadu India
| | - Johnson Retnaraj Samuel Selvan Christyraj
- grid.412427.60000 0004 1761 0622Regeneration and Stem Cell Biology Lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, International Research Centre, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600119 Tamilnadu India
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Assessment of Genotoxic potential of Annonacin and Annona muricata L. extracts on human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells. ADVANCES IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-020-00517-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Minocherhomji S, Liu Y, He YD, Fielden MR. Biomarkers of genome instability in normal mammalian genomes following drug-induced replication stress. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2020; 61:770-785. [PMID: 32078182 DOI: 10.1002/em.22364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Genome instability is a hallmark of most human cancers and is exacerbated following replication stress. However, the effects that drugs/xenobiotics have in promoting genome instability including chromosomal structural rearrangements in normal cells are not currently assessed in the genetic toxicology battery. Here, we show that drug-induced replication stress leads to increased genome instability in vitro using proliferating primary human cells as well as in vivo in rat bone marrow (BM) and duodenum (DD). p53-binding protein 1 (53BP1, biomarker of DNA damage repair) nuclear bodies were increased in a dose-dependent manner in normal proliferating human mammary epithelial fibroblasts following treatment with compounds traditionally classified as either genotoxic (hydralazine) and nongenotoxic (low-dose aphidicolin, duvelisib, idelalisib, and amiodarone). Comparatively, no increases in 53BP1 nuclear bodies were observed in nonproliferating cells. Negative control compounds (mannitol, alosteron, diclofenac, and zonisamide) not associated with cancer risk did not induce 53BP1 nuclear bodies in any cell type. Finally, we studied the in vivo genomic consequences of drug-induced replication stress in rats treated with 10 mg/kg of cyclophosphamide for up to 14 days followed by polymerase chain reaction-free whole genome sequencing (30X coverage) of BM and DD cells. Cyclophosphamide induced chromosomal structural rearrangements at an average of 90 genes, including 40 interchromosomal/intrachromosomal translocations, within 2 days of treatment. Collectively, these data demonstrate that this drug-induced genome instability test (DiGIT) can reveal potential adverse effects of drugs not otherwise informed by standard genetic toxicology testing batteries. These efforts are aligned with the food and drug administration's (FDA's) predictive toxicology roadmap initiative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheroy Minocherhomji
- Translational Safety and Bioanalytical Sciences, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California
| | - Yang Liu
- Genome Analysis Unit, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California
| | - Yudong D He
- Genome Analysis Unit, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California
| | - Mark R Fielden
- Translational Safety and Bioanalytical Sciences, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California
- Expansion Therapeutics, San Diego, California
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